baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CH-614333G-A3 (CH)
Title: Device for closing a bracelet for an electronic watch combined with a calculator
IPC: G04G9/00
Filed: 1976-07-07
Abstract: The closure device comprises a tool (1) in the form of a plane and arched strip (11) with a tip (13) of plastic at one side and a frame (14) at the other side. This tool is joined removably via an elasticity spring mounted on a false bottom (8), centering and pressing the tool against the closure cover (2). The tool is used for inputting data into the calculator and for correcting information on the watch. <IMAGE>
Patent CZ-160093-A3 (CZ)
Title: Brake shoe
Inventor: SCHNACK WILFRIED
IPC: F16D65/00
Filed: 1992-02-12
Abstract: A brake shoe has a lining carrying plate (1), a friction lining (2) and a damping plate (3) secured to the side of the lining carrying plate (1) opposite to the friction lining (2) so as not to turn nor move. The lining carrying plate (2) and the damping plate (3) are provided with mutually aligned and adapted through recesses (5, 6, 7, 8). The recesses (7, 8) of the damping plate (3) have projections that extend over at least part of the circumference of the recesses, that project toward the lining carrying plate (1) and that engage the corresponding recesses (5, 6) of the lining carrying plate (1) with a fit that allows the damping plate (3) a limited freedom of movement.
Patent CS-296690-A3 (CS)
Title: Device for packaging substrate adhesive cut-outs and the application thereof
Inventor: ANHAUSER DIETER
IPC: B65D57/00
Filed: 1990-06-14
Abstract: The device for increasing the storage stability of flat substrate portions which are packaged in bags, are equipped to be self-adhesive, whose self-adhesive surface is protected by a carrier layer which projects at least partially over said self-adhesive layer, and in which bonding of the carrier layer to the packaging occurs due to migration of the adhesive as a result of cold flow, is characterised in that elevations, which are fixed on the carrier layer in the part of the carrier layer projecting over the self-adhesive surface or are shaped from the carrier layer itself, are mounted as spacers between the carrier layer and the packaging. 
<IMAGE>
Patent CS-395091-A3 (CS)
Title: Acyl derivatives of cephalosporin and pharmaceutical preparations basedthereon
Inventor: ALBRECHT HARRY ALLEN
IPC: C07D501/34
Filed: 1991-12-20
Abstract: Cephalosporin derivatives of the formula <IMAGE> in which m represents 0, 1 or 2, R<1> represents hydrogen or an acyl group, R<2> represents hydrogen, lower alkoxy, amino, lower alkylthio or lower alkanoylamino, R<3><1> represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, C3-C7-cycloalkyl, halogen-lower alkyl or halophenyl; Z represents R<3><0>-C or nitrogen, R<3><0> represents hydrogen or halogen, or R<3><0> and R<3><1> together represent a C3-C5-alkylene group, a C2-C4-alkylene- monooxy group or a C1-C2-alkylenedioxy group, R<3><2> represents hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl or an optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring having one, two or three oxygen, nitrogen and/or sulphur atoms and R<3><3> represents hydrogen or halogen or R<3><2> and R<3><3> together represent a C1-C4-alkylenedioxy group, and easily hydrolysable esters and salts of these compounds and hydrates of the compounds of the formula I or of their esters and salts are described. The products have antimicrobial activity.
Patent CZ-437589-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: PRIBYL JAN ING CSC
IPC: G01B3/08
Filed: 1989-07-18
Abstract: Délková měrka (1) je opatřena alespoň jedním suvným tělesem (2) s hmotností minimálně dvakrát větší než je hmotnost délkové měrky (1).
Patent CS-492888-A3 (CS)
Title: Self-supporting ceramic body and process for preparing thereof
Inventor: WHITE DANNY R
IPC: C04B35/65
Filed: 1988-07-07
Abstract: Self-supporting bodies are produced by reactive infiltration of a parent metal (10) into boron carbide (12) typically resulting in a composite comprising a boron-containing compound and metal. The mass to be infiltrated may contain one or more inert fillers (14) admixed with the boron carbide (12) to produce a composite by reactive infiltration, which composite comprises a matrix of metal and boron-containing compound embedding the filler (14). The relative amounts of reactants and process conditions may be altered or controlled to yield a body containing varying volume percents of ceramic, metal and/or porosity.
Patent CZ-201124-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: STRANSKA DENISA
IPC: A61K9/70
Filed: 2011-01-17
Abstract: Vynález se týká nosice pro oromukosální, zejména sublingvální aplikaci fyziologicky aktivních látek, zejména léciv, který obsahuje alespon jednu pružnou vrstvu (1) polymerních nanovláken tvarovatelnou podle tvaru zvolené steny ústní dutiny, na kterou má být priložena, pricemž v pružné vrstve (1) polymerních nanovláken je uvolnitelne uloženo lécivo a/nebo jiná fyziologicky aktivní látka.
Patent CZ-201725-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: HORVÁTH PATRIK
IPC: F16L55/07
Filed: 2017-01-20
Abstract: Způsob odvzdušnění kapaliny (2) svádí kapalinu (2) pomocí potrubí (4) do míst pod úroveň páteřního potrubí (3). Kapalina (4) se nechá vtéct do jímky (6), kde dochází k uvolnění plynů z kapaliny. Plyn se nechá uvolnit pomocí odvzdušňovacího ventilu (7) mimo cirkulační oběh. Podúrovňovný samoodvzdušňovací systém (1) kapalin (2) obsahuje potrubí (4) pro vedení kapalin (2) a automatický odvzdušňovací ventil (7). Potrubí (4) je vedeno pod úrovní pátečního potrubí (3). K potrubí (4) je připevněn odvzdušňovací ventil (7), rovněž umístěný pod úrovní páteřního potrubí (3).
Patent CZ-212199-A3 (CZ)
Title: Incombustible fibrous article, process for producing thereof and its use
Inventor: WIHSMANN MARC DR
IPC: E04B1/74
Filed: 1997-12-22
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/DE97/03031 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 18, 1999 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 18, 1999 PCT Filed Dec. 22, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO98/28562 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 2, 1998The invention relates to a non-inflammable fiber product that can be used as flame-resistant material or insulating material or both. The invention seeks to provide a material made of used cellulose or cellulose-containing refuse, which had not been sensibly used hitherto. The new fiber product consists of 30 to 97 wt. % cellulose-containing fiber or a cellulose-containing fiber mixture; 0.01 to 1 wt. % nonionic surface active agent; 1 to 5 wt. % aluminum oxide finely distributed on and in the fibers, and 0 to 68 wt. % filling material, as well as optionally one or more additional biocides. Said product can be processed in bulk or as pressed plate.
Patent CZ-9902353-A3 (CZ)
Title: Pressure cylinder valve
Inventor: ZUKAL PAVEL
IPC: B65D47/00
Filed: 1999-06-29
Abstract: In the present invention there is disclosed a pressure cylinder valve (2), particularly for aerated water generating device. The valve consists of a body (1) that is provided with a transfer passage (11) entering both a transfer chamber (12) and in front of a safety break-up membrane (9). Said transfer chamber (12) incorporates a discharge needle (4) pressed by a spring (5) against an attachment lid (7). The invention is characterized in that the safety break-up membrane (9) is mounted on a pin of a safety chamber (14) made in the body (1) middle section sideways to the transfer passage (11), whereby the safety break-up membrane (9) is held in this safety chamber (14) by a safety (20) that is provided with a blow-out channel (201) and does not overlap said body (1) outer circumference.
Patent CZ-9902369-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: COOK CHRISTOPHER J
IPC: A24D3/17
Filed: 1997-12-29
Abstract: Je vytvořen tabákový výrobek (10) a navržen způsob jeho
konstrukce pro vytváření produktů hoření, které jsou použity
pro vytvoření aromatických aerosolových plynů přivedených
do úst kuřáka, při současném řízení složení těchto plynů
hoření. Horké plyny jsou vytvářené v katalyzátorovém úseku
(17), ve kterém palivo a vzduch hoří za pomoci voštinového
povrchu (25) potaženého katalyzátory, včetně oxidu hlinitého
a sloučeniny ceru.
Patent CZ-9802390-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: CHILD MALCOLM S
IPC: F28D1/03
Filed: 1997-01-30
Abstract: Při způsobu sestavování prvku výměníku tepla se připraví
horní deska, dolní deska, dva první tvarované členy a druhý
tvarovaný deskový člen, na nejméně jeden z prvních
tvarovaných deskových členů, druhého tvarovaného
deskového členu, horní desky a dolní desky se nanese pájecí
povlak. Jeden z prvních tvarovaných deskových členů se
připojí k první straně horní desky, druhý z prvních
tvarovaných deskových členů se připojí k první straně dolní
desky, sestaví se homí deska, dolní deska a druhý tvarovaný
deskový člen při vytváření sendvičové sestavy s druhým
tvarovaným deskovým členem mezi horní a dolní deskou, v
níž je druhý tvarovaný deskový člen ve styku s druhými
stranami homí desky a dolní desky, takže nanesený pájecí
povlak je přítomný mezi kterýmikoli dvěma přilehlými
povrchy. Obvodové okraje horní desky se přivaří k dolní
desce. Sendvičová sestava se spájí. Výměníkový prvek (10)
sestává ze dvou deskových členů, horního deskového Členu
(11) a dolního deskového členu (12), přičemž každá deska je
opatřena vstupním otvorem (14) a výstupním otvorem (15).
Výměník tepla (40) sestává z více vyměnitelných prvků (10).
Patent CZ-249199-A3 (CZ)
Title: Arrangement for attaching door fittings assembly of vehicle door body or door module
Inventor: BARRERO SERRANO FELIPE
IPC: F16B5/00
Filed: 1998-11-12
Abstract: The invention relates to a novel system for fixing liners (1) to door assemblies for vehicles, said fixing systems using T-shaped or L-shaped projecting elements (7, 7a) of the liner itself which can be housed into holes made in the door or door module, using rapid mounting-dismounting clips, the assembly being mounted with a quasi-parallel movement to the external reference plane of the door frame or door module. Eventually, only clips of the above type will be used when mounting the assembly with a quasi-perpendicular motion to the external reference plane of the door frame or door module. This system can be completed with the use of clips, screws or other conventional fixing means, which are incorporated once the liner has been fixed according to the invention. It is also possible to use a single male-female connector having a floating base to improve its guiding. The system facilitates and simplifies the fixing of the liner. <IMAGE>
Patent CZ-253699-A3 (CZ)
Title: Antenna glass for automobile vehicles
Inventor: SAUER GERD
IPC: H01Q1/12
Filed: 1999-07-15
Abstract: A window with an aerial for motor vehicles is provided with an electrically conductive layer (5) which fulfils the function of an aerial conductor. In order to prevent capacitive coupling of the layer to the bodywork of the vehicle, the layer (5) ends at a distance of a few centimetres from the edge of the window. The layer (5) is coupled capacitively to the aerial connection cable leading to the receiver set by means of a coupling electrode (9). The coupling electrode comprises thin wires (10) which are connected together by electroplating and are arranged at a large distance from one another which is large compared with their diameter.
Patent CZ-302197-A3 (CZ)
Title: Device for severing and bevelling pipes
Inventor: FAHR MARKUS
IPC: B23D61/02
Filed: 1997-01-28
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/CH97/00024 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 2, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 2, 1998 PCT Filed Jan. 28, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97/27969 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 7, 1997The invention pertains to a device for cutting and chamfering thin-walled pipes. In order to cut and chamfer a pipe, a drive unit with tools arranged on its shaft is manually guided around a pipe that is clamped in a vise by means of clamping jaws with a semicircular contact surface. The tools, namely a saw blade and a milling cutter, are arranged one behind the other on the shaft. The saw blade is provided with a depression, into which the milling cutter is inserted such that the outer edge of the milling cutter is protected.
Patent CZ-307996-A3 (CZ)
Title: Circuit arrangement for signal transmission
Inventor: HANSEMANN HEINRICH
IPC: H04B3/02
Filed: 1996-10-21
Abstract: The system includes several signal transmitters (1,2) and signal receivers (3,4) which are connected to a common bus, and which each have a field bus controller (8,10). A conductor system of the bus contains four electric lines, from which two lines form a field bus conductor for the signal transmission, and the remaining two lines form an energy conductor for a power supply. Each signal transmitter and signal receiver is connected over the field bus controller to the field bus conductor, and also connected to the energy conductor. Both ends of the conductor system include respectively, a first resistance (20) connected between both lines of the field bus conductor, a second resistance (21) connected between one line (18) of the field bus conductor and one line (16) of the energy conductor, and a third resistance (22) connected between the other line (19) of the field bus conductor and the other line (17) of the energy conductor. The total sum of the resistances corresponds to the characteristic wave impedance of the field bus conductor.
Patent CZ-9903535-A3 (CZ)
Title: Cover, particularly for automatic drives of a door
Inventor: FINKE ANDREAS
IPC: E05F15/632
Filed: 1999-02-08
Abstract: The invention relates to a housing, especially for automatic door drive mechanisms, with a base profile fastened onto a building, whereby the housing is especially provided for accommodating mechanical and electrotechnical components such as running devices, hanging devices for door leaves which can be opened, drive units comprised of force transmission means, a coupling, a motor, position detection devices, auxiliary drive mechanisms, controllers/regulators, a power supply unit, sensors, etc. The housing is comprised of a frame profile (1) which is essentially formed by two 90<o> angled limbs (5, 25) connected to one another by a connecting limb (34). The frame profile is hung up on the base profile and connected to the same in a non-positive and positive manner via a holding fixture (8) which runs at an approximately 45 DEG  angle and which is shaped on the connecting limb (34) running parallel thereto. In addition, the housing comprises a closing profile (2) which is joined to the limb (25) via an interlocking element (124), an end profile (3) which is located on the end of said closing profile, and end caps which are to be attached on the front sides of the frame profile (1).
Patent CZ-367397-A3 (CZ)
Title: Coupling element for radio frequencies
Inventor: ARTHUR JOHN WILLINS
IPC: H01P1/20
Filed: 1996-05-17
Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) coupler comprises a first electrically conductive track (21) having a pair of terminations and a second electrically conductive track (31) having a pair of terminations. In one embodiment (Figure 1), the first and second tracks (21, 31) are arcuate, the first track (21) being mounted on a circuit board (23) fixed to a rotary shaft (11) and the second track (31) being mounted on a circuit board (33) supported on a coaxial bearing relative to which the shaft rotates. The two tracks (21, 31) are in radially-overlapping relationship. In another embodiment (Figure 2), the two tracks (21', 31') are mounted on coaxial sleeves. The RF coupler is used to transfer RF power from a first circuit on the shaft to a second circuit relative to which the shaft can rotate. Also described is a tunable notch filter.
Patent ES-8707664-A3 (ES)
Title: Aerosol formulation prodn.
IPC: A61K31/045
Filed: 1986-06-25
Abstract: The formulations, for medical use in aerosols, are made by (a) dispersing lecithin or ester of sorbitan or sorbitol in propellant F12; (b) dissolving disodium chromo-glycate in the mixt,; (c) adding propellants F12 and F114 cooled to -30 deg.C to give the required compsn. contg. 0.05-15 wt.% of disodium glycate particles with diameter 0.01-10 nm. The propellants are CHFCl2 and CF2Cl-CF2Cl. ..ER ALL
Patent SK-122999-A3 (SK)
Title: Sulfanyl silanes, process for their manufacture and their use
Inventor: BATZ-SOHN CHRISTOPH
IPC: C08L21/00
Filed: 1999-09-10
Abstract: A rubber mixture containing rubber, filler, especially precipitated silicic acid and optionally other rubber adjuvants, and at least one sulfanyl silane, in quantity 0.1-15 preferably 5-10 wt. %, relative to the amount of oxygenic filler is new. The sulfanyl silane has the formula (I): X<1>X<2>X<3>Si-A-S-SiR<1>R<2>R<3> (I) R<1>-R<3> each = H, 1-8C alkyl, 1-8C alkoxy, 1-4C haloalkyl, aryl, 7-16C aralkyl, halogen, A-S-SiR<1>R<2>R<3>, R<1>-R<3> each = H, 1-16C alkyl, 1-16C alkoxy, 1-16C haloalkyl. aryl, 7-16C aralkyl, halogen, X<1>X<2>X<3>-A-S, A = 1-16C alkyl, linear or branched, optionally substituted with 1-4C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, halogen, nitrile, 1-4C haloalkyl, NO2, 1-4C thioalkyl, NR<1>R<2>, -A-S-SiR<1>R<2>R<3>, or X<1>X<2>X<3>-A-, aryl, or 7-16C aralkyl. Independent claims are included for: (1) Preparation of sulfanyl silanes of formula (I) by reaction of a corresponding mercaptosilane X1X2X3Si-alkyl-SH with chlorosilanes Cl-SiR1R2R3 in the presence of an adjuvant, e.g. triethylamine or other amine in an organic solvent, e.g. an alkane, and boiling of the mixture to complete the reaction. The solvent is then distilled off, and the solid hydrochloride of the adjuvant base is filtered off; and   (2) a rubber mixture containing oxygenic filler, especially precipitated silicic acid, and optionally other rubber adjuvants, and at least one sulfanyl silane in amount 0.1-15 wt. % relative to the amount of oxygenic filler.
Patent SK-131399-A3 (SK)
Title: Absorbent item
Inventor: RAIDEL MARIA
IPC: A61F13/53
Filed: 1998-03-23
Abstract: The invention relates to an absorbent item comprising a liquid-permeable layer (18) which faces the body when the item is in use, a liquid-impermeable layer (20) which faces away from the body when the item is in use, and an absorbent element positioned between said liquid-permeable layer (18) and said liquid-impermeable layer (20). This absorbent element contains an absorbent material (32) which remains free-flowing even after contact with a liquid. The invention also relates to an absorbent item which has a liquid-impermeable layer which faces away from the body when the item is in use and an absorbent element which is surrounded by a liquid-permeable layer, said absorbent element containing a material which remains free-flowing and absorbent even after contact with a liquid. The absorbent element is joined to the liquid-impermeable layer in a central area of said layer.
Patent SK-133794-A3 (SK)
Title: Antimicrobials oxazolidinones containing a substituted diazine groups
Inventor: HUTCHINSON DOUGLAS K
IPC: C07D413/14
Filed: 1992-04-21
Abstract: A compound of structural formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein: Y is chosen from a-n as defined herein; wherein each occurrence of said C1-6 alkyl may be substituted with one or more F, Cl, Br, I, OR<1>, CO2R<1>, CN, SR<1>, or R<1> (where R<1> is a hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl); X and Z are independently C1-6 alkyl, C3-12 cycloalkyl or hydrogen, or X and Z form a C0-3 bridging group, preferably X and Z are hydrogen; U, V and W are independently C1-6 alkyl, F, Cl, Br, hydrogen or a C1-6 alkyl substituted with one or more of F, Cl, Br or I, preferably U and V are F and W is hydrogen; R is hydrogen, C1-12 alkyl, C3-12 cycloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C1-6 alkyl substituted with one or more F, Cl, Br, I or OH; and q is 0 to 4 inclusive. Oxazolidinone derivatives possessing a substituted diazine moiety bonded to the N-aryl ring are useful antimicrobial agents, effective against a number of human and veterinary pathogens, including multiply-resistant staphylococci and streptococci, as well as anaerobic organisms such as bacteroides and clostridia species, and acid-fast organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium.
Patent SK-144096-A3 (SK)
Title: Protective device for articulated shaft
Inventor: HERCHENBACH PAUL
IPC: F16D3/84
Filed: 1996-11-07
Abstract: The protection device is used for a linkage shaft having a pair of cross-linkages (2) at its opposite ends, each with two linkage forks (3,4) coupled via a cross pin (5). A cover cap (8) encloses each cross-linkage. Each cover cap forms a seal with a protective cuff (12). A support ring acts against the inside of the cuff to prevent the latter contacting the enclosed cross-linkage components upon application of an external radial force.
Patent SK-152799-A3 (SK)
Title: Method of manufacturing sertindole
Inventor: SOMMER BECH MICHAEL
IPC: C07D401/04
Filed: 1998-05-07
Abstract: A process of manufacturing sertindole comprising reacting 5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)indole with 4-piperidone in a mixture of an acetic acid and concentrated HCl; reduction of the resulting 5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)indole and reaction of this compound with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-imidazolidinon in order to obtain sertindole.
Patent SK-165595-A3 (SK)
Inventor: RICHVALSKY JOZEF
IPC: H03B19/10
Filed: 1995-12-27
Abstract: Pod jamovými elektródami (2) sú vytvorené potenciálové
jamy (A, C, D, F, H) a pod bariérovými elektródami
sú vytvorené potenciálové bariéry (D, E, G). Detektorová
potenciálová bariéra (B) oddeľuje vstupnú
potenciálovú jamu (A) od detektorovej potenciálovej
jamy (C). Výstupná potenciálová bariéra (E) oddeľuje
výstupnú potenciálovú jamu (D) od zdrojovej potenciálovej
jamy (F). Doplnková potenciálová bariéra (G)
oddeľuje doplnkovú potenciálovú jamu (H) od zdrojovej
potenciálovej jamy (F). Výstup (13) detekčného
obvodu (1) je pripojený na bariérovú elektródu (3) a
jeho vstup (12) je umiestnený v detektorovej potenciálovej
jame (C).
Patent SK-171298-A3 (SK)
Title: Liquid-permeable floor covering
Inventor: FLEISCHHACKER GERHARD
IPC: E01C5/00
Filed: 1997-06-12
Abstract: Liquid-permeable floor covering for floors that can be walked or driven on, and the like, made of a cellular elastic plastic, with the side of the covering in contact with the floor having liquid-drainage channels (2, 2') running in parallel and spaced apart formed in it, with further channels (3) branching off from these channels and running through the covering at intervals, that are cut or shaped into the covering.
Patent SK-482010-A3 (SK)
Title: Retractor belt press
Inventor: PITONAKOVA ZUZANA
IPC: B30B9/02
Filed: 2010-05-11
Abstract: The winding belt press for separating liquids from solid substances where pressing pressure is increased by gradual tensioning of freely wound coils of the press wires (2), between which the pressed medium (3) is sandwiched.
Patent BE-1000626-A3 (BE)
Title: Procede pour l'augmentation de la concentration de l'hormone de croissance endogene dans le sang d'un mammifere.
Inventor: MCGUFFEY RODNEY KENNETH
IPC: A61P15/00
Filed: 1987-12-22
Granted: 1989-02-21
Abstract: Procédé pour l'augmentation de la concentration de l'hormone de croissance endogène dans le sang d'un mammifère d'intéret économique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend l'administration d'une quantité efficace d'un facteur de déclenchement de l'hormone de croissance à l'animal, par voie sous-cutanée, d'une manière pratiquement continue pendant un laps de temps économiquement significatif.
Patent BE-1003632-A3 (BE)
Title: Nouveaux derives de l'adenosine, leur preparation et leur utilisation comme medicaments.
IPC: A61K31/52
Filed: 1989-12-04
Granted: 1992-05-12
Abstract: La présente invention a pour objet les dérivés de l'adénosine de formule I dans laquelle R1, R2 et R3 ont des significations variées. Ces composés peuvent être utilisés comme médicaments.
Patent BE-1003683-A3 (BE)
Title: Staalsubstraat voor het versterken van elastomeren.
Inventor: VAN RAEMDONCK WALTHER
IPC: B60C9/00
Filed: 1990-02-13
Granted: 1992-05-19
Abstract: De uitvinding betreft een staalsubstraat, in het bijzonder een staaldraad en staalkoord voor het versterken van elastomeervoorwerpen. Het substraat (1) met verbeterde corrosievermoeiingsweerstand is voorzien van een samengestelde metaaldeklaag (2) die koper, zink, nikkel en ijzer omvat met een gewichtsverhouding Ni/Cu + Zn tussen 0,5 en 1 en waarbij de nikkel niet gediffundeerd is in het staaloppervlak. Het nikkelgehalte is hoogst onder de oppervlakteschil van de deklaag.