baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-901425-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods for the preparation of corrected photographiccolour separation records and/or photographic copies
IPC: G03F3/08
Filed: 1959-12-18
Abstract: 901,425. Copying by scanning. HELL, R. Dec. 18, 1959 [Dec. 18, 1958], No. 43052/59. Class 40 (3). A photographic record 12 of an original 11 is formed by synchronous point-by-point scanning with the aid of a constant intensity light source 13, the light from which passes from the original to the record over a main optical channel 22, 23, 25, 27, the contrast of the record being modified by photo-electric channels 30 and 38 which are branched from the main channel and apply signals through a computer C to control a light valve 26 located in the main channel after the last point at which a photo-electric channel is branched off. The apparatus illustrated is intended for the production of red, green, blue and possibly black component records, filters appropriate for each record being inserted in the channels at 24 and 36 and the computor input and output being switched at 32, 34 and 35. For producing a direct record the filters are dispensed with, only one photoelectric channel is provided and the computer has only one input and output. The light valve 24 may comprise a Kerr cell between crossed polarizers, an arrangement of relatively rotatable crossed polarizers, a galvanometer mirror or a controllable aperture. As illustrated, the synchronous point-by-point scanning is effected over a helical path with the aid of drums 5 and 8 subject to both rotational and relative axial movement with respect to the optical system. Reference is also made generally to the use of table scanners and a number of other subordinate features.
Patent GB-986803-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rear projection screens
IPC: G03B21/30
Filed: 1961-12-01
Abstract: 986,803. Projection screens. R. G. WOODFORD. Nov. 30,1962 [Dec. 1,1961], No.43096/61. Heading G2J. A portable rear projection screen assembly comprises a cabinet 10 with a translucent screen 12 at the front, a back wall 18 carrying a reflector 20 and hinged about side edge 19 to swing out to an angle with the screen of less than 45 degrees, preferably 36 degrees, such that the entire beam from a projector at the side of the cabinet is deflected on to screen 12. Extraneous light is kept from screen 12 by flap 22 hinged to wall 18 at 22b,and by leather flaps 21 at top and bottom of the gap between cabinet and wall. Flap 22 has an aperture for the projection beam for which further flaps 24, 25, 28 and 30 form a box-like tunnel. The assembly folds down to make a suitcase for carrying, when a panel is slid between guides 15 to cover the screen. Specification 761,695 is referred to.
Patent GB-959608-A (GB)
Title: A process for use in the production of semi-conductor arrangements
IPC: H01L21/60
Filed: 1961-12-04
Abstract: 959,608. Semi-conductor devices. SIEMENSSCHUCKERTWERKE A.G. Dec. 4, 1961 [Dec. 3, 1960], No. 43389/61. Heading H1K. In a process in which a number of members including one member of copper and one semiconductor member, are soldered or alloyed together, a powder is compressed around said parts, so as to ensure that substantially no copper vapour reaches the surface of the semiconductor member. As shown, assembly takes place in an iron container 1, the assembly consisting of a copper base-plate 2, a hard solder layer 3, a plate of molybdenum 4, an aluminium foil 5, a semi-conductor silicon body 6 and a gold-antimony foil 7. The silicon and molybdenum have the same coefficients of expansion, thus minimizing the stresses on the silicon. A packing of fine graphite powder 10 is then added and compressed by a loaded pressure plate 8, so that the powder penetrates into the very small clearance between the container and the plates 2, 4. The whole is then heated to provide the requisite alloying. The soldering of the members 1 and 2 may however be performed prior to their insertion in the container. During the heat treatment, electrodes are formed on the surface of the silicon and doping also takes place, as well as the other alloying processes. It is stated that copper vapour diffusing into the silicon tends to shortcircuit the PN-junctions so reducing their efficiency and that the diffusion is more pronounced where there are dislocations due to stress. To induce the effect of any copper vapour which may still penetrate the powder, the electrode bodies (which either consist of or contain doping material) are made of low volume and small thickness (e.g. about 70Á) to avoid said dislocations. The plate 4 may instead be of tantalum or tungsten and the semi-conductor may be germanium. The powder may instead by of magnesium oxide. The semi-conductor device may be a diode, transistor or a semi-conductor controlled rectifier.
Patent GB-974432-A (GB)
Title: A process for the hydrogenation of phosphatides
Inventor: DAVIS PAUL FRANCIS
IPC: C07F9/10
Filed: 1961-12-05
Abstract: Phosphatide (i.e. lecithin) material is hydrogenated by a process comprising first contacting a catalyst consisting of one or more of palladium, platinum, and rhodium, preferably dispersed on a carrier, with hydrogen in the absence of said phosphatide material and second contacting said phosphatide material with hydrogen in the presence of the catalyst to promote a decrease in the unsaturation of the phosphatide material. Both the pre-reduction of the catalyst and the hydrogenation of the phosphatide may be performed at 5 to 100 p.s.i.g. being preferably 45 p.s.i.g. and 15 p.s.i.a. respectively, and it is desirable to prevent contact of the catalyst with an oxidizing agent, e.g. air, between the two stages. The phosphatide may be pretreated with an acid, acid anhydride or a solvent comprising an alcohol to inhibit catalyst inactivation and, in general any solvent, or combination of solvents, in which the phosphatide is soluble but which will not inactivate the catalyst may be used for the reaction. It is desirable that such solvents should be removable under vacuum at temperatures lower than 95 DEG C. The phosphatide may also be bleached with an oxidizing agent, e.g. hydrogen peroxide, before or after hydrogenation in order to lighten the colour of the product. It is preferable to conduct the hydrogenation at below 70 DEG C. preferably 25 to 60 DEG C., and to filter off the catalyst at the end of the reaction after the addition of a filter acid.  During this filtration the catalyst should be protected from oxygen and, in this connection, it is desirable to saturate the product solution with hydrogen or an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen, prior to filtration.  The solvent is removed under reduced pressure and the product may be vacuum steam deodorized.  Solutions of base, or aqueous suspensions of bases of limited water solubility, may be added to the product before or after deodorization to raise the aqueous pH to as high as 8.0, after which the water may be removed under vacuum. Numerous examples are given employing as the source of phosphatide commercial soybean lecithin, oil-free soybean phosphatides, alcohol-soluble or insoluble fractions of soybean phosphatides, peanut lecithin and com lecithin. The hydrogenated phosphatides obtained may be used as emulsifiers in the food and pharmaceutical industries (see Division A2).ALSO:Material obtained by the catalytic hydrogenation of phosphatide, e.g. lecithin, (see Division C2) is employed as an emulsifier in food preparations, such as ice-cream, cakes and biscuits.
Patent GB-1410325-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for production of elastomeric filaments
IPC: D02J1/22
Filed: 1971-09-22
Abstract: 1410325 Reducing denier of filaments JOHN HEATHCOAT & CO Ltd 20 Sept 1972 [22 Sept 1971] 44089/71 Heading B5B The denier of filaments of heat settable elastomeric material is reduced by a continuous process in which the filaments are cold drawn to the required denier and then heated to a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the material but for a time insufficient to cause any significant decomposition. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, the filaments are cold-stretched between filamentgripping and -feeding devices 1, and 6 and heated to the appropriate temperature by passage over the heated drum 3 of a filamentgripping and feeding device 2. Driving means 9 operate such that the speed of the roller 7 is between those of the feeding roller of the device 1 and that of the roller 2. In Fig. 2 an alternative arrangement is shown where a number of filaments are fed from a device 13 through nip rollers 18 and 16, past a broken filament detector 19 and over a heatable roller 14.
Patent GB-921029-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fasteners for securing an article to an apertured support
IPC: F16B19/00
Filed: 1960-12-22
Abstract: 921,029. Stud and socket fastenings. UNITED-CARR FASTENER CORPORATION. Dec. 22, 1960 [Dec. 23, 1959], No. 44158/60. Class 44. A fastening 10, for example for securing a lining 26 to a support surface 24, is moulded from a synthetic resin material and comprises a head 12, together with a hollowed shank 14 of semi-circular cross-section which tapers towards its end 20. The shank may therefore be compressed to pass through a hole 22 in the support surface of diameter smaller than that of the shank, and once the fastening is in place, the free end of the shank resumes its normal shape and thereby holds the fastener securely in place.
Patent GB-1475332-A (GB)
Title: Aircraft guidance system
IPC: G01S1/40
Filed: 1974-10-11
Abstract: 1475332 Radio navigation COMMONWEALTH SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATION 11 Oct 1974 [15 Oct 1973] 44164/74 Heading H4D A ground installation for an aircraft guidance system comprises an array for transmitting elements located on the arc AA of a circle of centre C and arranged so that the elements, singly or severally, can be activated progressively at the same frequency, first in one direction around the arc, and then in the other direction. As described, the installation provides elevational information to an aircraft flying down the centre-line of an airport runway. The array is located in a vertical plane normal to said centre-line, with C a convenient known distance therefrom. Each element, or group of elements P radiates when activated a beam of effective width # in this plane. The beamwidth in the inclined plane through the radial CP may 45 degrees, centred on the said vertical plane. In operation, the array becomes equivalent to a moving source S m  which moves up and then down the arc ("to" and "fro" movements). If elevation angles # are to be measured from zero (horizontal) to # max , the source should move from -#/2 to # max  + #/2. As the beam sweeps past the aircraft on its upward and downward scans two like wave trains are received, which are modulated by Doppler frequencies owing to the movement of the source, and which are separated by a time interval from which the elevation may be calculated. The installation may also comprise a fixed reference source S f , which may be located at C and transmit continuously at a frequency which may be the same as that of the source S m . The aircraft receiver will detect the beat frequency between the two sources. Alternatively, a stable reference source may be provided on the aircraft. A suitable delay after each "to-fro" sweep is required to ensure that the aircraft equipment can correctly identify the "to" signal from the "fro" signal. The signals obtained on the aircraft from consecutive "to" and "fro" sweeps of the array source are cross-correlated to establish the time delay between them. The cross-correlating may be effected by storing the received signals, autocorrelating the first signal, and then crosscorrelating the first and second signals. The time interval between the auto-correlation and the cross-correlation in each scan cycle is a measure of the desired angle. Alternatively, cross-correlating may be effected by performing a number of simultaneous correlations on the signals in parallel correlators, maximum correlation being obtained with said time delay. In performing the cross-correlation of the signals, they may be digitized by limiting and sampling in one-bit levels. Alternatively, multi-bit digitization may be used, to minimize the effect of spurious responses caused by ground reflections.
Patent GB-1429953-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for performing automatic thermochemical analysis
IPC: G01N25/48
Filed: 1973-09-20
Abstract: 1429953 Voltage measuring COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 20 Sept 1973 [2 Oct 1972] 44288/73 Heading G1U A potentiometric voltage measuring system, particularly designed for use in thermo chemical analysis, operates in two phases: in a first phase a voltage U 1  from a temperature transducer 1 is applied to a summing amplifier 2 and an amplifier 3 to drive a first motor-driven potentiometer M 1 , P 1  to zeroize the sum voltage; and in a second phase the output voltage from the summing amplifier 2 and the amplifier 3 is switched, by a programmer 4, to a second motor-driven potentiometer M 2 , P 2 , which also is driven to zeroize the sum voltage whilst the first motor-driven potentiometer remains in the position it reached at the end of the first phase. In use, the first balancing loop M 1  P 1  is used to determine the initial temperature of the various reactants, and once this is established, the second loop M 2  P 2  is used to follow the temperature of the reaction relative to the initial temperature, the position of the second motor driven potentiometer being repeated by a potentiometer 9 and displayed by a digital voltmeter 10. A switch 6 allows an operator to select whether a positive or negative voltage is applied to the second motor-driven potentiometer in accordance with whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
Patent GB-959587-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to universal joints
Inventor: BASTOW DONALD
IPC: F16D3/28
Filed: 1960-12-29
Abstract: 959,587. Universal joints. BIRFIELD ENGINEERING Ltd. Dec. 15, 1961 [Dec. 29, 1960], No. 44551/60. Heading F2U. A Hooke's joint comprises a central spider 1 having radially directed cylindrical 2 or tapered 4 journal pegs to each of which is bonded a rubber bush 3 or 5 respectively, the rubber bushes being compressed within cylindrical housings formed between recessed yoke ends 7 and half shells 8 or 9 retained thereon by U-bolts 10. Moulded circumferential projections 15 on the rubber bushes 3 engage grooves in the yoke arm 7 and/or shell 8 to radially locate the bushes, the trough formed between the grooves in the shell additionally serving to locate the U-bolts; or moulded external pegs 19 on the bushes 5, engaging holes in the yoke end recesses, locate the bushes which are additionally bonded to the plain half shells 9. The tapered journal pegs 4 (Fig. 1, not shown) taper from a circular section at the root to form at the outer end an elliptical section the major axis of which lies parallel to the axis of the spider.
Patent GB-1154908-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the Treatment of Fabrics
Inventor: BREENS LEON FRANK HADDON
IPC: D06M15/15
Filed: 1965-10-21
Abstract: 1,154,908. Treating fabrics and fibres with germicidal solutions. COURTAULDS Ltd. 21 Oct., 1966 [21 Oct., 1965(2)], Nos. 44592/65 and 44593/65. Heading A5E. A process for treating furnishing fabrics, or fibrous material to be used in the manufacture of a furnishing fabric, comprises impregnating the fabric or fibrous material with a solution containing a protein, a hardening agent for the protein, a humectant, and a germicide. The germicide may be a quaternary ammonium compound e.g. trialkyl benzyl ammonium chloride. The protein used is preferably gelatin and the preferred hardening agent is formaldehyde. Other hardening agents which may be used include glyoxal, polyepoxides, aluminium salts, chromium salts, and sodium thiocyanate. Specified humectants include ethylene glycol, glycerol and CaCl 2  solution. The furnishing fabric may be curtaining, or upholstery, fabrics or fibrous floorcoverings, including tufted and woven carpets, mechanically and chemically bonded felts, rugs and mats. The fibrous material may be in the form of staple fibre or yarn. The germicidal solution may be sprayed onto the furnishing fabrics at any stage during its life. The fibrous yarn may be passed continuously through a bath containing the solution or be immersed in hanks in the bath. The solution may include anti-soiling agents and water repellants.
Patent GB-1396446-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for creating a triggered temporary barrier for inhibiting the spread of an explosion and or fire in a mine or underground gallery
IPC: A62C3/02
Filed: 1973-09-24
Abstract: 1396446 Minimising underground fires and explosions P R B SA 24 Sept 1973 [25 Sept 1972] 44647/73 Heading A5A Means for preventing the spread of an explosion and/or flame front in a mine gallery comprises at least one mass of reticular material housing an extinguishant in its cells, which is expelled therefrom by means producing the expansion of a gas or of steam under pressure. As shown in Figs 1 and 3 an extinguishing device 2 is supported on a shelf 9 by cables 10 from the wall of underground gallery 1. The device consists of prismatic mass 3 of reticulated polyurethane foam embedding detonating cord 4 and enveloped in thin polyethylene skin 5 closed at its ends by bindings 6, 7. At least one end of cord 4 extends outside skin 5 and is provided with detonator 8. Skin 5 and the cells of mass 3 are filled with extinguishing powder or liquid, e.g. water. The device may be constructed as one elongated elements or a series of successive elements. Several elements may be grouped in series and/or in parallel and located both down and upstream of an explosion detector.
Patent GB-1272990-A (GB)
Title: Directional antennae
Inventor: DOI TOSHITADA
IPC: H01Q7/00
Filed: 1969-09-10
Abstract: 1,272,990. Aerials. SONY CORP. 10 Sept., 1969 [10 Sept., 1968; 14 Dec., 1968], No. 44682/69. Heading H4A. An aerial comprises a loop aerial element consisting of at least three arcuate conductive members. Output terminals are provided on the adjacent ends of two of the members, and impedance means having values which satisfy stated mathematical relationships are connected between other adjacent ends of the said members. In one embodiment, two upper and lower loops are respectively made up of members 29, 30, 31, 32 and 33, 34, 35, Fig. 15, and said loops are spaced apart by conductive bars 41, 42, 43, 44. Feeder terminals 18 are provided on the adjacent ends of the members 29, 32 and a dummy load Z 3  is connected between the adjacent ends of the members 30, 31. Air gaps between the adjacent ends of the pairs of members 29, 30; 31, 32; 33, 34; 34, 35 provide capacitive impedances and two telescopic dipole arms 46, operating at a lower frequency than the loop element, are connected through trap circuits 47 to the ends of the members 29, 32 which are remote from the terminals 18. The dipole arms may alternatively be connected through trap circuits to the feeder terminals (18), Fig. 18A (not shown), or to the bars (41), (42) Fig. 18B (not shown). In another arrangement the dipole arms are connected to shortcircuited ends of quarter-wave lines (the wavelength (#) being that corresponding to the midband frequency of operation of the loop element). The other ends of said lines are respectively connected to the adjacent ends of the members (33), (34) and (34), (35), Fig. 18D (not shown). The dipole arms may alternatively be connected to the junctions of two pairs of #/4 lines, one pair being open-circuited, and the other pair being connected to the feeder terminals (18), Fig. 18E (not shown). Two pairs of dipole arms may be provided, each arm being connected through a trap circuit to an end remote from the feeder terminals of one of the members (29), (32), (33), (35), Fig. 18C (not shown). The arrangement as shown in Fig. 15 may be used without dipole arms being provided (Figs. 12, not shown), and in another embodiment four arcuate sheet members are used, each having an outline as defined, for example, by the members 32, 35 of Fig. 15 and the vertical lines joining their ends (Fig. 11, not shown). Three impedance elements are provided, respectively connected across gaps between the members. In other embodiments, members forming single loops are used. Adjacent ends of members may be bridged, for example, by inductors (Fig. 7, not shown) or by active elements (Fig. 9, not shown). It is stated that suitable selection of the impedance elements reduces sidelobes and increases operating bandwidth. Specification 1,250,562 is mentioned.
Patent GB-1356144-A (GB)
Title: Process for making beryllium or beryllium coated articles
IPC: C23C4/08
Filed: 1971-09-27
Abstract: 1356144 Flame sprayed beryllium UNION CARBIDE CORP 27 Sept 1971 [28 Sept 1970] 44835/71 Heading C7F Be articles having a density > 99% theoretical are made by plasma arc spraying Be powder preferably - 325 mesh Tyler, on to a substrate e.g. Al, to form a coating > 85% theoretical density, then vacuum degassing below the sintering start temperature prior to sintering above 1180 C and cooling at a rate sufficient to form intermetallic compounds of the impurities e.g. Al, Si; Fe with the Be. The BeO content of the sprayed Be should be <6%. Sintering is preferably at 1190 - 1210 C for 3-4 hours under argon and the cooling rate is 1-10 C/min alternatively the sintered article may be rapidly cooled to 500 - 750 C and held for 10 hours minimum at this temperature. A further ageing for 10 -100 hours at 500 - 750 C may be carried out. Thin walled Be products are formed by spraying on to an A1 substrate which is then removed during heat treatment above its melting temperature.
Patent GB-1063928-A (GB)
Title: Differential lock nut adjustment mechanism
IPC: B29C48/08
Filed: 1965-10-22
Abstract: 1,063,928. Film extrusion orifice adjustment mechanisms. E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. Oct. 22, 1965 [Oct. 23, 1964], No. 44874/65. Heading B5B. [Also in Division F2] A mechanism for adjusting the orifice lips of a flat or tubular film extrusion apparatus comprises screw-threaded studs 30 secured to a first member 23 and projecting through clearance bores in a second member 22, two internally and externally threaded adjustment nuts 34, 35, having the internal threads of different pitch to the external threads, engaging each stud, and two lock nuts 32, 33 abutting opposite faces of the member 22 and engaging the external threads of the nuts 34, 35 respectively. The lock nuts are secured against rotation by a pin (40, Figs. 1, 3, not shown) engaging castellations in the lock nuts are passing through a bore in the member 22, parallel to the bore 38. As shown, the annular member 22 forms an orifice lip 21 and is integral with the member 23, the connecting flange 20 being flexible. In Fig. 3 (not shown) one lip (12) of a straight orifice slit replaces the member 23, and is secured to a frame (13) by a stud (14), a packing plate (15) reducing friction between the frame and the lip to allow relative movement therebetween.
Patent GB-1060668-A (GB)
Title: Temperature compensated zener diode
IPC: H01L21/18
Filed: 1963-11-14
Abstract: 1,060,668. Zener diodes. HITACHI SEISAKUSHO KABUSHIKI KAISHA. Nov. 14, 1963 [Nov. 14, 1962], No. 45102/63. Heading HIK. A temperature cornpensated Zener diode consists of an integral structure of layers in the sequence NPN - metal- NP or PNP-metal-PN, the layers forming two Zener junctions in series aiding relationship and one in opposition. A typical structure is formed from a 0À04 ohm cm. N-type silicon wafer 'and a PN wafer formed by diffusing boron into such an N wafer. After nickel plating the outer faces of the wafers a gold-gallium alloy foil 7 is sandwiched between the inner faces as shown in Fig. 2 and alloyed thereto to form two further PN junctions. Finally the integral structure is ultrasonically cut into smaller elements each exhibiting a temperature coefficient of Zener voltage of 0À00018 V/C. Use of germanium and AIII BV compounds in place of silicon is suggested.