baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-730249-A (GB)
Title: Procaine penicillin crystals
IPC: C07D499/24
Filed: 1953-04-20
Abstract: Procaine penicillin of enhanced stability in the presence of moisture is prepared by crystallizing procaine penicillin at a temperature within the range of 20 DEG  to 30 DEG  C., and preferably 25 DEG  C., and maintaining the resulting crystals within said range until at least 40 per cent of said crystals have a particle size of greater than 300 microns in length, e.g. for at least one hour.  A preferred method is adding an aqueous solution of procaine hydrochloride at 25 DEG  C. to an aqueous solution of sodium penicillin maintained at 25 DEG  C. until 1/3 to 2/3 of the procaine hydrochloride has been added, seeding the reaction mixture with crystals of procaine penicillin, adding the remainder of the aqueous solution of procaine HCl to the reaction mixture, and maintaining the mixture at 25 DEG C. for at least one hour.  Any water-soluble penicillin salt may be used, e.g. the sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium salts; and amine salts such as those of ethylamine, triethylamine and N-ethyl piperidine.  The penicillin may be a particular penicillin, e.g. penicillin G or a mixture of penicillins.  Water-soluble procaine salts are the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, acetate or formate.  Solvents other than water which may be used are methanol, formamide and dioxane.  Preferably the reaction takes place in buffered solution, e.g. phosphate buffer. After the main ageing operation, increased yields are obtained by p adding to the reaction mixture over a period of 20 to 30 minutes a salting-out agent such as sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium sulphate, calcium chloride, ammonium nitrate, or ammonium sulphate. The procaine penicillin when dried to a moisture content of 7 per cent is suitable for incorporation in an animal feed supplement.  The procaine penicillin particles are such that at least 40 per cent are greater than 300 microns in length, at least 70 per cent are over 200 microns in length, at least 85 per cent are over 150 microns in length and substantially all are over 100 microns in length.ALSO:Procaine penicillin crystals of enhanced stability suitable for animal feed supplements are obtained by crystallizing procaine penicillin at 20-30 DEG C. and maintaining the crystals at this temperature until they have attained more than 300 microns in length.
Patent GB-1500473-A (GB)
Title: Method of making a light activated semiconductor controlled rectifier
IPC: H01L29/74
Filed: 1976-03-18
Abstract: 1500473 Light activated silicon controlled rectifier WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP 18 March 1976 [25 March 1975] 10923/76 Heading H1K A method of making a light-activated silicon controlled rectifier having four alternate regions 13-16 of different conductivity types, comprises the steps of etching, using a mask 23 and a solution containing chromium trioxide, water and just prior to the etching, HF acid, at least a portion of a major surface 11 to produce light reflecting pits 24, removing the mask, forming prior to the formation or subsequent to the removal of said mask an electrode 21, e.g. of molybdenum or tungsten, having an opening 22 in registration with the portion of the surface to be etched or with the portion and the etched surface, respectively, and forming on the other major surface 12 an electrode 26 typically of aluminium, having an opening positioned so that the incident light therethrough penetrates the semi-conductor body and is reflected by the pits 24. The reflecting surfaces of the pits preferably make an angle with the normal to the major surface 11 of 16À5-17 degrees, so as to exceed the critical angle for total internal reflection. However, when a reflecting coating 28, e.g. of aluminium, is provided, preferably along with vapour or sputter deposition of the anode electrode 26, the angle may not be the critical angle. The cathode electrode 21 is preformed and is alloyed to the surface 11. The etch-masking layer 23 is a hydrocarbon based ester. As shown in Fig. 9, the structure of Fig. 3 is hermetically sealed in a ceramic container 38, and a copper electrode 33 having a flat portion 35 is bonded to the electrode 21, whereas a copper electrode 34 bonded to the electrode 26 is provided with a light pipe 40 abutting the major surface 12 through an opening 27. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,283,484.
Patent GB-1102871-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to variable displacement hydraulic pumps
IPC: B60K17/35
Filed: 1965-03-15
Abstract: 1,102,871. Hydrostatic transmissions. T. BUDZICH. 15 March, 1965 [16 Maroh, 1964; 17 April, 1964], No. 10951/65. Headings F2D and F2L. [Also in Division G3] A hydrostatic transmission for a tractor includes a variable delivery pump 55, the swashplate 62 of which is under the joint control of a pressure regulating piston 74 and an unloading piston 71. Pump operation.-Supply liquid is delivered by a gear-wheel pump 90, 91 coupled to an engine-driven shaft 56, a forward and reverse selector valve 104 controlling the output from pump 55 to wheel-driving motors 19 through pipelines 25, 26. Piston 74 is acted on by a spring 78 in a cylinder 77 receiving pressuremodulated signals from a control member 87 connected to pipeline 25 and operating to maintain a constant output pressure from pump 55. Unloading piston 71 operates in a cylinder 72 receiving liquid from pump 90, 91 through a passage 114 controlled by a second valve 108. In the normal position shown piston 71 is forced outwards by the liquid pressure and a spring 73 holds swashplate 62 in the position for maximum delivery, but on moving valve 108 to the left the passage 114 is connected to the inlet of pump 90, 91 and the reduced pressure in cylinder 72 causes the swash-plate to tilt to reduce the pump output. Wheel drive and clutch control.-Each motor 19 is coupled to its associated wheel 17 by a pinion 28, Fig. 3, meshing with a pinion 31 aligned with the wheel axle and connectable thereto by a splined clutch member 35 permanently coupled to wheel splines 38 and operable by a member 40 connected to the rod 41 of an actuator piston 45. A piston loading spring 51 normally holds the clutch disengaged, but operation of selector valve 104 causes pressure liquid supplied through pipelines 99, 100 to act on piston 45, moving it and clutch member 35 to the right, so that the clutch establishes a driving connection with pinion 31. With selector valve 104 in the position shown movement of the hand lever 115 will operate unloading valve 108 and its associated piston 71 to control the delivery from pump 55, the clutch member 35 remaining engaged to maintain the drive, but if at any time it is desired to break the drive, e.g. for gear changing, this may be done by operating the hand lever 116 of selector valve 104, whereby the pressure in lines 99, 100 and in cylinder 72 is reduced, to disengage clutches 35 and tilt swash plate 62 to the zero delivery position.
Patent GB-1391037-A (GB)
Title: Quenching molten thermoplastic film
IPC: B29C48/08
Filed: 1973-03-07
Abstract: 1391037 Quenching thermoplastic film E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO 7 March 1973 [8 March 1972] 10969/73 Heading B5B In a process for quenching molten thermoplastic film on a quenching surface wherein each lateral edge is pinned to the quenching surface by electrostatic and/or air pressure, additional pinning force is applied to the film whilst the point of application of the film to the surface moves over the surface, the additional force being applied at edge regions extending diagonally inwardly from each lateral edge away from the point of application of the film and corresponding with thicker higher temperature regions of film near the lateral edges or these regions shift inward from the lateral edges. The additional pinning may be effected by electrostatic wire or point pinner, air jets, air knife, or by vernier air jets positioned within an air pressure field generated by a pressure box. Figs. 1 and 2 show an apparatus according to the invention, wherein a thermoplastic film 10 is extruded through orifice 12 over a porous bearing 13 on to the surface of quench drum 14, where it is brought into more intimate contact by electrostatic points 15 and air pressure supplied through box 16. Vernier jets 17 provide the additional pinning of the invention. Thermoplastics referred to include polyolefines, polycarbonates and preferably polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate.
Patent GB-824878-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of dibenzylbenzenes and substitution derivatives thereof
IPC: C07C2/86
Filed: 1957-04-04
Abstract: In a process for the production of dibenzyl benzenes and substitution derivatives thereof from diphenylmethanes and benzyl chlorides in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst diphenyl-methane or a homologue thereof or a diphenyl methane nuclearly-substituted with at least one halogen, nitro, hydroxy or alkoxy group is reacted with benzyl chloride or a homologue thereof or a benzyl chloride nuclearly substituted with at least one halogen, nitro, hydroxy or alkoxy group in the presence of benzene or a homologue thereof or a benzene hydrocarbon nuclearly substituted with at least one halogen, nitro, hydroxy or alkoxy group.  Benzyl chlorides specified include benzyl, xylyl, polymethyl benzyl chlorides and their nuclearly-substituted derivatives, e.g. chloro-, nitro-, hydroxy- and methoxybenzyl chlorides and chloroxylyl chloride.  Diphenylmethanes specified include diphenyl-, ditolyl-, dixylyl-, dimesityl-, phenyl-tolyl- and phenyl-mesityl-methanes and their halogen, nitro and alkoxy derivatives.  Substitution derivatives of benzene specified include toluene, xylene, mesitylene, chlorotoluene, nitrotoluene, xylenol and anisole.  Catalysts specified include aluminium chloride, boron fluoride, concentrated sulphuric acid and anhydrous hydrofluoric acid.  Preferably the diphenylmethane is formed during the reaction from the benzyl chloride and benzene or the substitution derivative thereof.  Advantageously the benzyl chloride employed as starting material may be prepared by chlorination of a methyl substituted benzene, e.g. toluene or xylene, at elevated temperature, whilst irradiating with ultra-violet light and reacting the product with a diphenylmethane, both steps being optionally carried out continuously.  In examples: dixylylxylene is obtained by reacting xylylxylene in the presence of aluminium chloride with a mixture of xylyl chloride and xylene obtained by chlorinating xylene in a lead vessel (1); di-(chlorobenzyl)-chlortoluene is obtained by reacting chlortoluene, chlorbenzylchlortoluene and chlorbenzyl chloride in the presence of an iron chloride catalyst (2); and dibenzyltoluene is obtained in a continuous process in which a mixture of toluene and benzyl chloride, obtained by chlorinating toluene is reacted with benzyl toluene in the presence of an oily aluminium chloride complex formed by adding anhydrous aluminium chloride to the reaction mixture at 60-70 DEG  C. (3).
Patent GB-1182054-A (GB)
Title: Photographic Camera or Shutter Operating Mechanism
IPC: G03B7/16
Filed: 1968-03-07
Abstract: 1,182,054. Photographic shutter combined with a flash device. HATTORI TOKEITEN K. K. March 7, 1968 [March 7, 1967], No. 11189/68. Heading G2A. Absence of a flash bulb or discharge tube causes an obstructing mechanism to prevent changeover to flash operation, the mechanical arrangements being identical with those described in Specification 1,182,053.
Patent GB-1573880-A (GB)
Title: Container for tape cassette
IPC: G11B23/023
Filed: 1978-03-21
Abstract: The container with the exchangeable magnetic tape cassette located therein comprises a rectangular housing (1) and a slide-in unit (2), which can move along a narrow side of the housing and receives the tape cassette, as well as a compression spring (3), which acts between the rear wall (23) of the slide-in unit and the rear side (8) of the housing. After the release of a holding device (31, 35), the compression spring pushes the slide-in unit together with the tape cassette by an amount out of the housing into an open position, in which the tape cassette can be removed unhindered from the container. The push-in unit has the form of a four-sided frame which leaves the bottom (10) of the housing free and which at least partially embraces the tape cassette lying on the bottom. In the open position, at least the frame part protruding out of the container takes up an oblique position with respect to the bottom of the housing, releasing the cassette on all sides, so that one-handed operation for loading and removal is possible. It is also advantageous that the container allows music tape cassettes to be loaded in four different orientations and coincides in its dimensions with conventional cassette boxes. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-814435-A (GB)
Title: Continuous casting apparatus
Inventor: GAGEL HELMUT
IPC: B22D11/049
Filed: 1957-04-05
Abstract: 814,435. Continuous-casting machines. VEREINIGTE DEUTSCHE METALLWERKE A.G. April 5, 1957, No. 11269/57. Class 83 (1). A continuous-casting mould, wherein the casting is simultaneously directly and indirectly cooled, has grooves i on the lower inside part of the chill mould a, and transverse grooves m for venting the gases formed, such as steam. Coolant from the cooling jacket e may enter the grooves i through holes l, or a different liquid or gaseous coolant may be supplied through chamber q. A further different coolant may be supplied through holes k. The grooves i may be disposed other than parallel to each other, have irregularities, and lead into a bottom collecting-channel.
Patent GB-661058-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the treatment of gas works ammoniacal liquor and other effluents
IPC: C02F1/72
Filed: 1949-12-30
Abstract: 661,058. Treating ammoniacal liquor. BROWN, J. T. Dec. 30, 1949, No. 11299/49. Class 55 (ii). A process for rendering ammoniacal liquor non-toxic comprises pumping it through ejectors by means of which air is drawn into the liquor stream, aeration and oxidation which occurs in the ejector tail pipes and in a body of liquor held in the treatment apparatus removing the hydrogen sulphide and lowering the oxygen absorption figure. of the liquor, the said tail pipes being of considerable length and delivering the liquor to a depth of not more than about 12 inches below the said body of liquor. In the form shown, the apparatus consists of a treatment vessel c divided by a central partition into two compartments d and e. Raw liquor is fed into compartment d through a funnel a and mixes with the partly treated liquor in a pipe h, whence it is drawn by a pump i which delivers it through a vessel k to a pair of ejectors p, the flow of liquor causing air to be drawn in through a branch q of each ejector. The air-liquor mixture passes down through tail pipes r which are each about 15 to 20 feet long and is delivered at about 12 inches below the surface of the liquor in compartment d. Liquor overflows through a pipe v to the second compartment e where an identical circulation occurs via a pump x and ejectors 4, finally overflowing at b. The flow-to-volume relation of the apparatus is such that the liquor remains for two hours in the apparatus, the pump capacity being such that the liquor circulates ten times in each hour. Specification 407,040 is referred to.
Patent GB-114794-A (GB)
IPC: C04B7/14
Abstract: 114,794. Deckers, A. A. J. Dec. 11, 1917. Slag cements are made bv grinding granulated slag under water, mechanically drying, for instance by centrifugal means, the ground slag until its water content is reduced to 4-7 per cent. mixing with ground quick lime in the required proportions, and finally grinding the mixture.
Patent GB-1342099-A (GB)
Title: Logic circuit using complementary type insulated gate field effect transistors
IPC: G11C19/18
Filed: 1971-04-27
Abstract: 1342099 IGFET logic circuits TOKYO SHIBAURA ELECTRIC CO Ltd 27 April 1971 [27 April 1970 3 March 1971] 11532/71 Heading H3T [Also in Division G4C] A logic circuit 10, Fig. 1, has complimentary I.G.F.E.T.'s 11, 12 arranged in series to invert at 17 an input signal at 16, and is connected to the power supply through clock-controlled switches such as F.E.T.'s 14, 15. The F.E.T.'s 14, 15 are also of opposite type; and opposite polarity clock signals # 1 a and # 1 b make them conduct simultaneously to supply lines V DD , V ss  which could be the other clock signal # 1 b or # 1 a. The inverting complementary F.E.T.'s 11, 12 may be combined with others, in various parallel and series arrangements, to perform logic functions such as AB, A + B, AB+CD (Figs. 3, 4, 5, not shown) or larger multiple logic functions (Fig. 6, not shown). A shift register uses a plurality of such logic circuits each being either an invertor stage (Fig. 7, not shown) or a more complex logicperforming stage (Fig. 13, not shown) using the NAND arrangement of Fig. 3 (not shown) two of the latter performing a AB+C function. These shift registers use a second phase of both positive and negative clock pulses # 2 a, # 2 b. In one modification, the switching F.E.T.'s 14, 15 are of the same type (P) and only positive clock pulses of the two phases are used (Fig. 9, not shown); in another (Fig. 10, not shown) they are replaced by relays. In another modification (Fig. 11, not shown) the second phase of clock pulses is replaced by the inverse of the first phase; that is, the same phase clock pulses are applied with opposite polarities to respective gating F.E.T.'s (14, 15) of each stage.
Patent GB-591386-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to dry contact rectifiers
IPC: H01L25/03
Filed: 1945-05-07
Abstract: 591,386. Asymmetrically-conducting resistances. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., TURNER, H. C., and CHAMBERLAIN, J. May 7, 1945, No. 11558. Drawings to Specification. [Class 37] Rectifier plates having a semi-conducting layer on one face thereof have a contact plate stuck to the other face by means of a non- drying, rubber base, or other electrically insulating adhesive applied to part only of the contacting surfaces, so that when the elements are assembled with pressure in a stack, the uncoated parts make satisfactory electrical contact. The rectifier and contact plates may be stacked either manually or, preferably, automatically by means of a machine which blanks out the contact plates from sheet metal, applies the adhesive and locates each correctly on its associated rectifier plate. In examples shown, the plates may be annular or circular discs and the contact plate may have a projecting terminal lug. In the case of an annular disc, radial strips of adhesive may be applied, and in the case of a circular disc the central zone only or a segment only of the disc may be coated. The Provisional Specification states that radial strips of adhesive may be used when the contact plate is either annular or circular. It also describes the use of a conducting adhesive, e.g. one containing particles of metal or carbon, applied to the whole surface.
Patent GB-251986-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cutting devices for cheese and the like
IPC: B26D1/553
Filed: 1926-05-03
Abstract: 251,986. Meyer, E. May 7, 1925, [Convention date]. Butter and cheese cutters. - Cheese and other soft foodstuffs are cut into portions by spaced wires carried by a bow frame pivoted to a base plate. As shown, a bow frame c pivoted at b to a base plate a is furnished with spaced wires d connected at one end to a plate e pinned to a member s having a screwed stem g engaged by a fly-nut p to tension the wires. The cheese &c. is supported upon a plate h at the side of which is arranged a block k furnished with slots i to guide the cutters. The cutting-wires are interchangeable for differently-spaced sets. To render some of the cutters inoperative, the advance of the block of material is limited by a stop n inserted into suitable holes in the plate h. The wires d may be replaced by flattened wires or steel ribbons.
Patent GB-459761-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for orthoptic training purposes
IPC: A61H5/00
Filed: 1936-04-23
Abstract: 459,761. Adjustable - throw crank mechanism. WOTTRING INSTRUMENT CO., Amherst, Ohio, U.S.A. April 23, 1936, No. 11623. Convention date, April 23, 1935. [Class 80 (iii)] [See also Groups VI, XXXIV, and XXXVII] The driving mechanism of an eye-exercising apparatus, comprises a reversible electric motor 42 the shaft 43 of which drives a shaft 47 through reduction worm and wormwheel mechanism 44. A stub shaft 47a carrying a pinion 51 is connected to shaft 47 by a flexible coupling comprising a rubber disc 480a having holes receiving pins on the pinion 51 and on a disc 480 on shaft 47. The pinion 51 meshes with pinions 54, 54a on spindles 55, 55a carrying cranks 59. A pinion 52, loose on shaft 47 but frictionally in contact with the pinion 51, meshes with pinions 56, 56a integral with sleeves 57 loose on the spindles 55, 55a, the sleeves carrying pinions 58. The cranks 59 carry crankpins 61 integral with extension cranks 60 and with pinions 62 engaging the pinions 58. The cranks 60 carry pins 63 engaging sockets on the rear side of a panel carrying eye-exercising targets. The pinions 62 are rotated, to vary the throw of the composite cranks 59, 60, through the parts 58, 57, 56a, 56, 52, by a cranked arm 68 fixed to pinion 56 and passing through an arcuate slot in pinion 54, the arm projecting from a sleeve 66 having a knob 72 keyed thereto and pressed against a head 64 on spindle 55a by a spring 73. A pip 75 on knob 72 normally engages one of a ring of depressions 75a on head 64 to prevent relative rotation of spindle 55a and sleeve 66 ; depression of knob 72 releases the sleeve and permits rotation thereof to vary the throw of cranks 59, 60, during running or otherwise, the variation being indicated by a scale on the knob and a mark on head 64.