Patent GB-840703-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for controlling the operation of a signal-utilization circuit or machine by means of handwritten characters
IPC: G06V30/224
Filed: 1958-08-08
Abstract: 840,703. Automatic character reading. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. Aug. 8, 1958 [Aug. 14, 1957], No. 25498/58. Class 106 (1). Hand-written characters used to derive control signals are written or traced on a writing sheet or platen providing a defined writing area, different characters being arranged to cross different detector zones in the area to generate distinctive signals for each character. In the form of Fig. 1, the writing area NWA is designed for the numerals 0-9, two guide dots or holes GD1, GD2 being provided about which the numerals are written as in Fig. 2, e.g. in pencil. The detector zones a to g are sensed for the presence of the pencil mark to generate characteristic signals. Signals from zones a, b, g, e and d, for example, would identify the numeral " 2." Figure 4 shows a stock inventory card bearing hand-written data of this kind. Alphabetical characters can be written on a writing area as shown in Fig. 5, having four guide marks GD1-GD4 around which the characters are drawn, crossing certain ones of zones a-l. One pair of guide dots may be replaced by a printed line. Sensing.-Hand-written numerals may be sensed in the apparatus of Fig. 11, in which the record NWA is located by pins P1, P2 passing through holes GD1, GD2. The lid HD is provided, e.g. by printing, with a number of conducting segments, which are arranged in spaced pairs SA1, SA2, &c. The segments SA2, SB2, SC2, &c. are connected together and to a source P of A.C. voltage while the others SA1, SB1, &c. are connected via lines A-G to a translator TR. When the lid is brought down on a record the pencil mark of the character causes potential to be transmitted from the energized segment to the other of the pair wherever the pencil line crosses the detector zone and an output is produced on a combination of lines A-G which is converted by the translator TR to an output on a single character lead. Prepared background.-In the form of Fig. 12, the character is written on a surface having substantially invisible areas of conductive material arranged on either side of the detector zones a-g and the usual guide spots or holes GD1, GD2. The character is written in pencil in conductive ink so that certain pairs of conductive areas are interconnected. The sensing apparatus is then similar to that of Fig. 11, but instead of segments has pins adapted to contact points on each of the conductive areas, a translator circuit responding, as before to the combination of conductive areas interconnected by the character. Reading during writing.-The characters may be recognized while they are being written by tracing them with a conducting stylus ST, Fig. 14, on a surface PL having embedded conductors SA-SG. The tracing may or may not leave a visible impression on the surface. As the stylus traces the character a potential from source P is applied to each conductor that it touches, to set corresponding flip-flops in a store MC. Outputs from the flip-flops are appropriately gated together to pass a signal on a single lead denoting the character written to the utilization device UC. After tracing the character the stylus is applied to a conductor SRS, the signal from which resets the flip-flop in store MC. Instead of flip-flops, relays may be used, the contacts of which are connected in a network to produce a signal on the character lead. In a modification the conductors are connected through capacitors of different values to one terminal of an oscillator, the other terminal of which is connected to the stylus. The capacitors when connected in circuit with the oscillator through the stylus and the corresponding conductor cause oscillation at different frequencies. The oscillator output is amplified and transmitted to receiving apparatus having filters one for each frequency and a memory device the character being identified from the outputs of the filters. In the form of Fig. 18 a visible record is made by the stylus as it traces the character. The surface PL is constructed as before except that it has locating pins P1, P2 on which the paper PW is positioned. The stylus consists of a pencil or a pen with electrically conductive ink and is connected to a source of A.C. The stylus is capacitively coupled to the elements SA-SG as it passes over them and signals produced are amplified and stored in memory MC. A further form is described adapted to recognize alphabetic or numeral characters as they are being traced.