Patent RU-2646755-C1 (RU)
Inventor: TKACH VLADIMIR VLADIMIROVICH
IPC: C11C3/10
Filed: 2017-04-13
Granted: 2018-03-07
Abstract: FIELD: machine building; technological processes. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the complex processing of oilseeds, as well as the production of biodiesel fuel from them and can be used in food, fuel industry and agriculture. Biodiesel production line includes a washing machine, dryer, roller machine, separating machine, fryer, forepress, storage tank for oil, oil pumps, drum filter, retention vessel, intermediate oil collector, cyclone, filters, condensate collector, high-temperature steam compression heat pump including a compressor, condenser, thermostatic expansion valve, evaporator; as well as a flow distributor output from the recirculation loop, flow heater, recuperative heat exchanger, methanol collector, potassium hydroxide collector, mixer, hydromechanical mixer with heating jacket, pump-cavitator, separating centrifuge, washing machine is designed for preliminary washing of oil seeds; two parallelly installed and alternating filters in a separation mode with discharge of a filtrate into the condensate collector and withdrawal of sediment in a countercurrent regeneration mode with water supplied from the condensate collector to restore the capacity of the filtering partitions are intended for cleaning the water from the water washing chamber; flow distributor output from the recirculation loop is designed to divert a portion of the spent superheated steam in two streams in an amount evaporated from the product, where one of the streams is fed through a flow distributor of waste steam into a flow heater to heat the oil, and a second stream is fed into the heating jacket of the hydromechanical mixer; condensate collector with possible fresh water make-up is designed to drain the formed condensate in the flow heater and after the hydromechanical mixer together with the condensate after the heat pump evaporator; and the hydromechanical mixer is designed to supply the heated in-flow heater oil together with a previously prepared in the mixer solution of potassium hydroxide in methanol to accomplish the first stage of the transesterification reaction; pump-cavitator is designed to carry out the second stage of the transesterification reaction; and the separation centrifuge is designed to separate the resulting mixture into biodiesel and glycerin, which are taken as target products. Method makes it possible to increase energy efficiency in the production of oil from oil-bearing crops, to ensure a reduction in specific energy inputs, to implement a process line that will allow producing environmentally cleaner biodiesel and glycerine; to create safe conditions for obtaining target and intermediate products in the absence of waste coolant emissions to atmosphere. 
     EFFECT: technical task of the invention is to increase the energy efficiency and ecological safety of oil production line from various oil-bearing crops due to the maximum recovery and utilization of secondary energy resources, implementation of closed thermodynamic cycles for material and heat flows using a steam compression heat pump, as well as the possibility of using a line for producing biodiesel and glycerine. 
     1 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg