Patent GB-1033482-A (GB)
Title: Extruded films
IPC: B29C48/08
Filed: 1964-02-04
Abstract: 1,033,482. Films. NATIONAL DISTILLERS & CHEMICAL CORPORATION. Feb. 4, 1964 [Feb. 6, 1963], No. 4760/64. Addition to 1,025,714. Heading B5B. Apparatus for producing a tubular film of thermoplastic material includes an extrusion die, a pair of nip rolls for moving the extruded tube away from the die, means for cooling the extruded tube including a plurality of parallel rollers having their axes perpendicular to the direction of travel of the tube and arranged to engage the surface of the tube and a pair of cooling shields positioned between the die and the rollers and disposed on opposite sides of the tube, the cooling shields having surfaces for engaging the tube and flattening it inwardly and internal passages for conducting a heatexchange medium therethrough. Preferably the parallel rollers are in two sets arranged to engage opposite sides of the tube, and the rollers have fluid conducting channels therethrough for conducting a heat-exchange fluid. The extrusion die may be shaped to produce a tube of circular cross-section. Preferably the means for cooling the tube are adapted to quench and set the tube and comprise a plurality of roller elements disposed as two opposed substantially parallel series of elements, thr roller elements of each series being disposed in substantially parallel, paired, opposed relation to corresponding roller elements of said other series and the axes of paired elements in said respective series lying in a common plane at right-angles to the planes common to the axis of said elements in their respective series. The arrangement of rollers is more fully described in the parent Specification. Although the invention is particularly contemplated as including means to quench a film as discharged in an amorphous condition from an extruder die, and in which the rolls 25 function as a chill train, the roller frame structure may be utilized also to re-heat or anneal a previously produced film web, or to perform a desired combination of quenching, annealing and heating steps. The train may be divided into chilled and heated sections for any such combination of steps. In Figs. 2 and 4, the roller frame structure shown by Fig. 1 (not reproduced), is illustrated schematically and numerals 25, 34, 35 and 36 identify parts similar to those shown by Fig. 1. An extruder 100 of conventional type supplies a melt to an extrusion die 102. Extrusion die 102 has an annular outlet orifice 103 which produces a tubular film 104. An internal sizing mandrel 105 is provided within the cavity formed by the extruded tube. Ring 105 is supported from the central portion of the die head at spaced apertures around its periphery and is supplied with air from a conduit 101 extending through the centre of the die head. The conduit also supplies air directly to the space within the extruded film and between the cavity and the cooling shields. A precision air ring 106 which provides initial cooling of tube 104 by means of an air jet which surrounds the die 102 is provided which exhausts air through the Venturi shaped housing 107, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 2. An air ring 108 of any desired type may also be provided to surround film 104 with a blast of cooling air at a point adjacent sizing ring 105. Tube 104 continues upwardly until it reaches a pair of lower cooling shields 109 and 110 which partially collapse the tube, as indicated in Fig. 2. The lower cooling shield 110 is shown in more detail in Figure 4 which also illustrates the manner in which tube 104 is flattened out when collapsed by cooling shields 109 and 110. Cooling shields 109 and 110 include input and output conduits 111-112 and 113-114 which co-operate with a source of heat exchange fluid which circulates through hollow shields 109 and 110 to maintain the shields at a low temperature. The internal construction of cooling shields 109 and 110 may be of any desired type with appropriate baffles being utilized to assure uniform distribution of the heat exchange medium. After film 104 has run through the roller frames, it is caught between nip rolls 41 and 42, and is transported to other parts of the system. A further pair of cooling shields 121 and 122 may be added if required, between the rollers and the nip rolls.