baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent TW-I405758-B (TW)
Title: Process for preparing glycidyl esters of branched monocarboxylic acids
Inventor: GOUMAN JAN
IPC: C07D301/30
Filed: 2010-06-11
Granted: 2013-08-21
Abstract: Accordingly, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a glycidyl ester of a branched monocarboxylic acid by reacting an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid of the formula R 1 R 2 R 3 COOH, wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  each independently represent an alkyl radical of normal or branched structure containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and an epoxyalkyl halide containing from 3 to 13 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst, wherein 
- a greater than stoichiometric amount of epoxyalkyl halide is reacted with the acid (e.g., preferably in the molar ratio of epoxyalkyl halide to acid that is in the range of from 1.02:1 to 1.50: 1) to form an intermediate reaction product comprising a halohydrin, 
- the epoxyalkyl halide is added to the acid with appropriate cooling of the reactants and/or the reaction mixture to keep the temperature of the reaction mixture below 80°C, whereupon the epoxyalkyl halide and the acid are reacted at a temperature below 80°C (preferably in the range of from 55 to 75°C) for a time sufficient to reduce the amount of acid to no more than 2 wt% but no less than 0.1 wt% calculated on the initial amount of acid, 
- optionally removing any excess epoxyalkyl halide from the reaction product prior to the ring closure reaction, 
- subjecting the reaction product to a ring closure reaction (DHC) and optionally to one or more after treatments (ADHC) for removal of any remaining halo functionality.
Patent TW-I408766-B (TW)
Inventor: TAUCHI SUSUMU
IPC: H01L21/677
Filed: 2010-08-11
Granted: 2013-09-11
Abstract: A vacuum processing system of a semiconductor processing substrate and a vacuum processing method using the same comprises an atmospheric transfer chamber having a plurality of cassette stands for transferring a wafer, a lock chamber for storing the wafer transferred from the atmospheric transfer chamber, a first vacuum transfer chamber to which the wafer from the lock chamber is transferred, a transfer intermediate chamber connected to the first vacuum transfer chamber, a second vacuum transfer chamber connected to the transfer intermediate chamber, at least one vacuum processing chamber connected to the first vacuum transfer chamber, and two or more vacuum processing chambers connected to a rear side of the second vacuum transfer chamber, wherein the number of vacuum processing chambers connected to the first vacuum transfer chamber is smaller than the number of vacuum processing chambers connected to the second vacuum transfer chamber, or the number of use of vacuum processing chambers connected to the first vacuum transfer chamber is restricted to one.
Patent GB-2482481-B (GB)
Title: Apparatus, method and system
Inventor: LLOYD PETER G
IPC: B64G1/52
Filed: 2010-08-02
Granted: 2012-06-13
Abstract: Apparatus for a space platform comprises a magnetic field generator and/or an electric field generator respectively configured to generate fields for influencing the trajectory of one or more items of space debris passing within a region of the apparatus. A system comprising a plurality of such space platforms may be placed in an orbit proximal to an orbit containing space debris. An individual space platform or system thereof may be used in a method for displacing earth orbital space debris out of the orbit and either towards the Earth's atmosphere where it is likely to be destroyed by the burning on re-entry into the atmosphere, or into a safer orbit from which it may be collected or in which it may be left.
Patent GB-2474416-B (GB)
Title: Extraction of processed borehole image elements to create a combined image
Inventor: MORRIS STEPHEN A
IPC: G01V11/00
Filed: 2009-08-13
Granted: 2012-12-19
Abstract: A method for imaging a subsurface material, the method including: receiving a first image of the subsurface material and a second image of the subsurface material, the first image displaying a first property of the subsurface material and the second image displaying a second property of the subsurface material wherein the first property is different from the second property; and combining the first image and the second image to create a combined image. A system and computer program product are also disclosed.
Patent GR-11561-B (GR)
Title: Φαρμακευτικα παρασκευασματα και μεθοδος δια την παρασκευην αυτων.
Filed: 1948-02-11
Abstract: ταθερά φαρμακευτική σύνθεσις αποτελούμενη εξ ασβεστούχου πενικιλλίνης εντός ανύδρου φορέως εκ κηρούμελισσών και ελαίου φυστικιών.
Patent GR-17130-B (GR)
Title: Θερμοηλεκτρικον στοιχειον και μεθοδος δια την κατασκευην τουτου.
Filed: 1955-09-24
Abstract: ερμοηλεκτρικόν στοιχείον δια μίαν θερμογεννήτριανπρος παραγωγήν ηλεκτρικής ενεργείας απ' ευθείας εκ θερμότητος ή δια την παραγωγήν ψύχους, διακρινόμενον εκ τούτου, ότι τα ηλεκτρόδια αυτού έχουν την μορφήν πλακών ή στρωμάτων, και εκ τούτου, ότι το θερμοηλεκτρικόν στοιχείον, είναι, με την πεπλατυσμένην πλευράν αυτού, στερεώς τοποθετημένον επί τινοςφορέως εξ ανθεκτικού εις την θερμότητα υλικού.
Patent GR-20617-B (GR)
Title: Μεθοδος παρασκευης παραγωγων της θειοξανθινης.
Filed: 1960-01-22
Abstract: έθοδος παρασκευής β-θειοξανθινών του γενικού τύπου  (Ι) είς τον οποίον τα R1 και R2 είναι όμοια ή διαφορετικά και παριστώσιν έκαστον, αλκύλιον μετά αλύσου ευθείας ή διακεκλαδισμένης, περιέχον 1 εως 6άτομα άνθρακος και το R3 παριστά άτομον υδρογόνουή αλκύλιον περέχον 1 έως 5 άτομα άνθρακος, περιλαμβάνουσα θέρμανσιν παραγώγου τινός της ξανθίνης του γενικού τύπου (ΙΙ) (είς τον οποίον τα R1,R2,R3 παριστώσιν ότι και ανωτέρω περιεγράφη) μετά πενταθειούχου φωσφόρου παρουσία πυριδικού τινός διαλύτου.
Patent GR-22481-B (GR)
Title: Εργαλειον δια καθηλωσεις, φερον κοιλοτητα, δια την εμπηξιν ηλων αγκυρωσεως τη βοηθεια μηχανηματος ηλωσεως κινουμενου δια των αεριων καυσεως μιας προωθητικης γομωσεως φυσιγγιου.
Filed: 1960-12-08
Abstract: ία μηχανή εσωτερικής καύσεως τύπου εναύσεως δια συμπιέσεως του εγχυνομένου υγρού καυσίμου η οποία περιλαμβάνει εν συγκρότητμα ενός κυλίνδρου και μιάςκεφαλής κυλίνδρου και εν έμβολον διατεταγμένον ίνα παλινδρομή εντός του κυλίνδρου και ίνα προσεγγίζη τελείως την κεφαλήν του κυλινδρου εις το τέλος του χρόνου συμπιέσεως, χαρακτηριζομένη εκ τούτου, ότι ο χω_ρος καύσεως μεταξύ του εμβόλου και της κεφαλής κυλίνδρου εις το τέλος του χρόνου συμπιέσεως αποτελείται κυρίως ή κατ' ουσίαν εν όλω εκ δύο θαλάμων καύσεως σχηματιζομένων αντιστοίχως εντός της κεφαλής του κυλίνδρου και της κεφαλής του εμβόλου και κατ' ουσίαν επικοινωνούντος εκάστου ελευθέρως μετά του ανοίγματος του κυλίνδρου δια μέσου ενός στομίου, ένθα τα στόμια είναι μετατεθειμένα πλευρικώς εκ του άξονος του κυλίνδρου και η μορφή και η θέσις των θυλάκων είναι τοιαύτη εν σχέσει προς τα στόμιά των και προς τον άξονα του κυλίνδρου και τα στόμιά των είναι ούτω διατεταγμένα εν σχέσει προς άλληλα, ώστε η είσοδος αέρος εις έκαστον θάλαμον κατά την διάρκειαν του χρόνου συμπιέσεως θα προσεγγίζη το στόμιον του θύλακος κυρίως εκ μιάς πλευράς κατά τοιούτον τρόπον, ώστε το φορτίον εις έκαστον θάλαμον εις το τέλος του χρόνου συμπιέσεως θα είναι εις μίαν κατάστασιν ολοσχερούς περιστροφής και τα στόμια του θυλάκων θα επικαλύπτωνται μερικώς μεταξύ των εις το τέλος του χρόνου συμπιέσεως ίνα παρέχουν μίαν περιωρισμένην επιφάνειαν μερικής επικαλύψεως αποτελούσαν ένα λαιμόν δια μέσου του οποίου οι δύο θύλακες επικοινωνούν μεταξύ των εγκαρσίως του στενού χώρου μεταξύ της κεφαλ'ης του εμβόλου και της κεφαλής του κυλίνδρου και εις τούτο το μέσονδια την έγχυσιν καυσίμου είναι διατεταγμένον ίνα εγχέη καύσιμον εντός του θαλάμου της κεφαλής του κυλίνδρου.
Patent GR-22742-B (GR)
Title: Συνεχης μεθοδος πολυμερισμου εν τη μαζη.
Filed: 1961-03-10
Abstract: ία μέθοδον διά τον συνεχή πολυμερισμόν είς την κατάστασιν μάζης, θερμοπλαστικών υλικών, αποτελουμένων εκ πολυμερών ή συμπολυμερών αδιαλύτων εντός τουαντιστοίχου μονομερούς ή μονομερών, ήτις συνίσταται είς την επιτέλεσιν της εξαγωγής, έξω της ζώνηςτου πολυμερισμού, του από μορφήν κίνεως πολυμερούς διωκώμενου διά μονομερούς διά μέσου ενός στομίου συνδέοντος απ'ευθείας την ζώνην του πολυμερισμού μεο κύκλωμα αφαιρέσεως των αερίων και αποχωρισμού του πολυμερούς, ένθα το στόμιον τούτο υποκειται κατά διαλείμματα είς λίαν απότομον άνοιγμα και κλείσιμον, και εκάστην φοράν επί λίαν βραχύ χρονικόν διάστημα, τα δέ άνοιγμα επαναλαμβάνεται εντός της μονάδος του χρόνο επαρκείς φοράς πρός εκφόρτισιν, εντός της ρηθείσης μονάδος του χρόνου, της επιθυμητήςποσότητος πολυμερούς το οποίον τελικώς συλλέγεταισυνεχώς, είς έν σημείον του κυκλώματος αφαιρέσεωςτων αεριων.
Patent GR-34476-B (GR)
Title: Διαταξις ασφαλειας δια τον χειρισμον της αναστροφου κινησεως μηχανηματων ελξεως και ανυψωσεως ενεργουντων δια σφιγκτηρων εφ' ενος συρματοσχοινου.
IPC: B66D3/02
Filed: 1967-10-21
Abstract: υσκευή έλξεως και ανυψώσεως διά σφιγκτήρων κα ικαλωδίου, περιλαμβάνουσα ένα μοχλόν χειρισμού της ανδρόμου κινήσεως ενεργόυντα, δια της περιστροφής του περί μεταβλητής θέσεως σημείον περιστροφής, επί των σφιγκτήρων, μέσω τω νιδίων αυτών όργάνων μεταδόσεως κινήσεως είς τάς σιαγόνας, συσκευή χαρακτηριζομένη έκ του γεγονότος ότι περιλαμβάνει μίαν διάταξιν αποφορεύουσαν την παράλληλον μετατόπισιν, κατά την έννοιαν την προκαλούσαν την ταυτόχρονον χαλάρωσιν της συσφίξεως τωνσιαγόνων ,του μεταβλητού σημείου περιστροφής του μοχλού πραγματοποιήσεως της αναδρομου κινήσεως οσάκις χειρίζεται ο τελευταίος ούτος διά να καταστήση αδύνατον μιάν τυχαίαν αποσύμπλεξιν της συσκευής.
Patent GR-34500-B (GR)
Title: Υποκατεστημεναι 2 - αμινοβενζοιμιδαζολαι.
IPC: C07F9/6506
Filed: 1967-04-27
Abstract: ία σύνθεσις χρήσιμος ως καταστρεπτικη των ωών τωνπαρασίτων (MITES) και ώς μυκητοκτόνος χαρκτηριζομένη από το ότι ω δραστικόν συστατικόν περιέχει μιαένωσιν του τύπου (Ι).
Patent GR-81017-B (GR)
Title: Process for re-refining spent lube oils
Inventor: MANNETZE LEONARDUS MATHIZS MAR
IPC: C10M175/00
Filed: 1984-11-22
Abstract: Process for re-refining spent lubeoils, wherein a lubeoil freed from water and sludge forming impurities is subjected to a pre-destillation at reduced pressure and with a short residence time of the oil in the distillation column (2) and is subsequently subjected to film evaporation under vacuum, in one or more wiped-film evaporators (15) wherein the overhead product obtained with the film evaporator is subjected to an aftertreatment after condensation and the heavy bottom product (residue product) of at least one film evaporator is at least partially recycled to the entrance of said film evaporator.
Patent GR-852607-B (GR)
Inventor: CREGG JAMES MICHAEL
IPC: C12N15/68
Filed: 1985-10-29
Abstract: Novel autonomous replication sequences which are capable of maintaining plasmids as extrachromosomal elements in host strains of the genus Pichia are provided. In addition, novel constructs including these DNA sequences, as well as transformed organisms therewith are provided. Processes for producing the DNA sequences and constructs of the invention, as well as method for isolating such sequences from any source, are provided.
Patent IN-192583-B (IN)
Inventor: HOWLAND PAUL
IPC: B41M3/14
Filed: 2001-06-08
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/GB96/00562 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 10, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 10, 1997 PCT Filed Mar. 11, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/28610 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 19, 1996The present invention relates to a method for producing security paper which includes a security feature. The method comprises forming paper in a wet state, which paper incorporates on or more security features, applying to the paper a sizing agent, thereafter applying to one or both sides of the sized paper a coating comprising an unpigmented polyurethane. The unpigmented polyurethane may optionally comprise a functional additive provided that the presence of the functional additive does not increase the opacity of the paper by more than 1%. After the polyurethane has been applied the paper is dried. The coating composition provides a film, when cast on a glass surface, having a K+E,uml o+EE nig hardness of from 15 to 130 seconds.
Patent IN-171468-B (IN)
Inventor: BRIAN EDWARD DE LA SALLE
IPC: F16L41/04
Filed: 1988-05-31
Abstract: A cable entry or exit pipe (30) is formed on a fluid transportation pipeline (10) whilst in normal operation full of and transporting a fluid under a positive pressure, by a method which comprises the steps: (a) producing two semi-cylindrical shells (14,16), one (14) of which carries an oblique branch pipe (30) and has an aperture (34) aligned with the bore of the branch pipe (30); (b) securing in a fluid tight manner around the pipeline (10) the two shells (14,16) so as to form a reinforcing collar (12) carrying an oblique branch pipe (30) lying at an acute angle suitable for the entry into and exit from the pipeline (10) of a cable (68); (c) securing in a fluid tight manner to the free end of the branch pipe (30) an isolating valve (62); (d) securing in a fluid tight manner to the free side of the isolating valve (62) a fluid tight drilling apparatus (70) equipped with a drill bit; (e) opening the valve (62) and introducing the drill bit through the opened valve (62) into the branch pipe (30); (f) rotating and progressively advancing the drill bit into contact with and through the wall (38) of the pipeline section (10); (g) withdrawing the drill bit and closing the valve (62); and (h) removing the drilling apparatus (70). Preferably, a liner (40) inserted into the branch pipe (30) between steps (g) and (h) serves as a cable guide.
Patent IN-159864-B (IN)
Inventor: JALIL ASJED A
IPC: C21D9/573
Filed: 1983-08-12
Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for heat treatment of steel rod while being transported in overlapping ring form on a conveyor. In a method of controlled cooling the rod is deposited at high temperature onto a conveyor in spread-out ring form and transported along a given path while being cooled by forcing air against the rod from slots positioned adlacent thereto and extending transversely across said path and controlling the pressure and/or volume of air supplied to the individual slots or groups of slots. Apparatus for carrying out such method may comprise a conveyor having mutually spaced driven carriers on which the rings are transported along a given path characterised in that heat resistant elements (46) are arranged beneath the path to define slots (48) which underlie the carriers and extend transversely across said path, conduits (40) communicate with said slots, means (32, 42) supply cooling air via said conduits and through said slots for application as concentrated jets directly against the undersides of the rings being transported thereon, and means associated with said conduits for varying the amount of air being supplied through said slots along the lengths thereof.
Patent IN-171399-B (IN)
Inventor: DERKS PETRUS SIGBERTUS MARINUS
IPC: A01N25/10
Filed: 1990-07-16
Abstract: The invention provides a dispensing composition for the controlled release of semiochemicals, such as pheromones, wherein the semiochemical is enclosed in a network of a crosslinked polymer which is substantially free of radical initiator residues. The dispensing composition can be prepared by mixing a prepolymer with the semiochemical and optional additives and crosslinking the mixture by means of gamma radiation or electron beam treatment, or by UV radiation or heat in the presence of a radical initiator, the residues of which are subsequently extracted. The prepolymer is preferably an acrylate or methacrylate terminated prepolymer. The rate of release of the semiochemical can be varied by modifying the network density, the type of prepolymers, the degree of loading and the shape of the dispenser. Vulnerable semiochemicals can be stabilized by adding stabilizers, such as UV absorbers and antioxidants. The predetermined release rate can be sustained for several months. The composition can be shaped or applied as a coating.
Patent IN-171836-B (IN)
Inventor: GUNTHER OSTERBURG
IPC: C07C29/82
Filed: 1988-08-25
Abstract: Crude, virtually anhydrous sec-butyl alcohol, prepared by catalytic direct hydration of n-butenes is freed from the by-products which can be distilled azeotropically and are highly volatile by continuous azeotropic distillation in a separation column by means of water, the pre-purified sec-butyl alcohol which is obtained in anhydrous form is removed and the high-boiling by-products are then separated off in a separate column. 
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Patent IN-171640-B (IN)
Inventor: BRICKER JEFFERY C
IPC: C10G53/02
Filed: 1987-10-28
Abstract: Reentry disulphides are eliminated in a continuous process for treating a sour hydrocarbon stream by extracting the mercaptans contained in the hydrocarbon stream 1 with a disulphide-free alkaline solution in an extraction zone 3, oxidizing the mercaptans to disulphides in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, in oxidation zone 6, separating a major portion of the disulphides from the alkaline solution at 9, reducing the residual disulphides in the alkaline solution to mercaptans and recycling the resulting substantially disulphide-free alkaline solution from the reduction zone 12 to the extraction zone 3. The reduction of the disulphides to mercaptans may be carried out by hydrogenation or by electrochemical reduction.
Patent RS-51150-B (RS)
Inventor: LUSTENBERGER PHILIPP
IPC: A61K31/454
Filed: 2005-03-23
Abstract: CGRP - antagonisti opšte formuleu kojojA označava atom kiseonika ili atom sumpora,X označava atom kiseonika ili atom sumpora,(a) D, E nezavisno jedan od drugog uvek označavaju metin - grupu ili atom azota iG označava sa grupom Ra supstituisanu metin - grupu,M označava sa grupom Rb supstituisanu metin - grupu,Q označava sa grupom Rc supstituisanu metin - grupu,pri čemu jedna ili dve grupe G, M i Q uvek mogu označavati i atom azota,ili(b) D i E uvek označavaju metin - grupu, pri čemu jedna od grupa D i E može označavati i atomazota, iG, M i Q uvek označavaju atom azota,pri čemu Ra, Rb i Rc nezavisno jedan od drugog uvek označavaju atom vodonika ili atom halogena,  C1-6- alkil -, C2-6 - alkenil -, C2-6 - alkinil -, ciklo -  C3-7 - alkil -, ciklo -  C3-7 - alkenil -, cijano -, hidroksi -, hidroksi - C1-6 - alkil -, hidroksi -  C3-6 - alkenil -, hidroksi -  C3-6 - alkinil -,  C1-6 - alkoksi -,  C1-6 - alkoksi - C1-6  - alkil -,C1-6 - alkoksi -  C3-6 - alkenil -,  C1-6 - alkoksi -C3-6 -alkinil -,  C3-6 - alkenoksi - C1-6 - alkil -, C3-6 - alkenoksi - C3-6 - alkenil -,  C3-6 - alkenoksi -  C3-6 -alkinil -, C3-6 - alkinoksi -  C1-6 - alkil -,  C3-6 - alkinoksi -  C3-6 - alkenil -,  C3-6 - alkinoksi - C3-6 -alkinil -, tiohidroksi -,  C1-6 - alkiltio -  C3-6 - alkeniltio -,C3-6 - alkiniltio -, amino -,  C1-6 - alkil -amino -,  C3-6 - alkenil - amino -, C3-6 - alkinil - amino -, di - (C1-6 - alkil) - amino -, di - ( C3-6 -alkenil) - amino -, di - (C3-6 - alkinil) - amino -, amino - C1-6 - alkil -,  C1-3 - alkil - amino - C1-6 -alkil -, di -( C1-3 - alkil) - amino -  C1-6 - alkil -, amino - C3-6- alkenil -,  C1-3 - alkil - amino -  C3-6 -alkenil -, di - ( C1-3 - alkil) - amino -  C3-6 - alkenil -, amino - C3-6 - alkinil -,  C1-3 - alkil - amino - C3-6 alkinil -, di - ( C1-3 - alkil) - amino - C3-6 - alkinil -, hidroksikarbonil -, fenilkarbonil -, piridilkarbonil -,  C1-6 - alkil - karbonil -, C2-6 - alkenil - karbonil -, C2-6 - alkinil - karbonil -, formil -,  C1-6 - alkoksi - karbonil -, C3-6 - alkenoksi - karbonil -,  C3-6 - alkinoksi - karbonil -, aminokarbonil -,  C1-6 - alkil - amino - karbonil -, C3-6 - alkenil - aminokarbonil -,  C3-6 - alkinil -aminokarbonil -, di - ( C1-6 - alkil) - aminokarbonil -, di - (C3-6 - alkenil) - aminokarbonil -, di -( C3-6 - alkinil) - aminokarbonil -, formilamino -,C1-6 - alkil - karbonilamino -, C2-6 - alkenil -karbonilamino -, C2-6 - alkinil - karbonilamino -, formil – C1-6 - alkil - amino -, formil -  C3-6 -alkenil - amino -, formil - C3-6 - alkinil - amino -,  C1-6 - alkil - karbonil -  C1-6 - alkil - amino -, C2-6 - alkenil - karbonil -  C1-6 - alkil - amino -, C2-6 - alkinil - karbonil -  C1-6 - alkil - amino -,  C1-6 -alkil - karbonil -  C3-6 - alkenil - amino -, C2-6 - alkenil - karbonil -  C3-6 - alkenil - amino -, C2-6 -alkinil - karbonil -  C3-6 - alkenil - amino -,  C1-6 - alkil - karbonil -
Patent RS-51030-B (RS)
Inventor: ARVEDI GIOVANNI
IPC: B21B1/46
Filed: 2005-07-19
Abstract: Proces proizvodnje čeličnih proizvoda velike dužine, kao što su čelične šipke, žice, ugaoni čelični komadi, grede i šine, postupkom koji sadrži korak kontinualnog izlivanja poluproizvoda izlazne debljine 120-400 mm i "masenog protoka" tj. količine čelika koja u jedinici vremena ističe iz procesa kontinualnog livenja, koji je > 3 m/min, pri čemu pomenuti korak proizvodnog procesa sadrži i korak smanjenja osne (centralne) likvacije, praćen korakom indukcionog zagrevanja i završnim korakom obrade valjanjem u nizu valjačkih stanova, pri čemu se ceo postupak, koji se odvija kontinualno i bez prekida, karakteriše činjenicom da je srednja temperatura poluproizvoda na ulazu u valjaonicu viša od temperature na površini pomenutog poluproizvoda, dok razlika temperatura u jezgru i na površini poluproizvoda (gde se temperatura kreće oko 1200°C), iznosi najmanje 100°C.Prijava sadrži još 7 patentnih zahteva.
Patent RS-52058-B (RS)
Inventor: DE KOCK HERMAN AUGUSTINUS
IPC: A61K31/33
Filed: 2006-07-28
Abstract: Jedinjenje, naznačeno time, daje predstavljeno sledećom formulomi njegovi N-oksidi, soli i stereoizomeri, gde svaka isprekidana linija (predstavljena sa - - - - - ) predstavlja neku opcionalnu dvostruku vezu;X je N, CH, a kada X sadrži dvostruku vezu, tada je C;R1a i R1b su, nezavisno, vodonik, C3-7cikloalkil, aril, Het, C1-6alkoksi, C1-6alkil ponekad supstituisan sa halo, C1-6alkoksi, cijano, polihaloC1-6alkoksi, C3-7cikloalkil, aril ili sa Het; ili Rla i Rlb zajedno sa azotom na kojeg su spojeni formiraju od 4 do 6-člani zasićeni, delomično ne-zasićeni ili potpuno ne-zasićeni heterociklički prsten koji ponekad sadrži dodatna 1 do 3 heteroatoma od koji je svaki nezavisno izabran iz azota, kiseonika i sumpora i gde pomenuti heterociklički prsten može da ponekad bude supstituisan sa jednim ili dva supstituenta od kojih je svaki nezavisno izabran iz grupe koja obuhvata halo, C1-6alkil, polihaloC1-6alkil, hidroksi, C1-6alkoksi, polihaloC1-6alkoksi, C1-6alkoksiC1-6alkil, karboksil, C1-6alkilkarbonil, cijano, mono- i diC1-6alkilamino, aril i arilC1-6alkil;L je direktna veza, -O-, -O-C1-4alkandiil-, -O-CO-, -O-C(=O)-NR5a- ili -O-C(=O)-NR5a-C1-4alkandiil-;R2 je vodonik, a kada X je C ili CH, R2 može takođe da bude i C1-6alkil;R3 je vodonik, C1-6alkil, C1-6alkoksiC1-6alkil, C3-7cikloalkil, amino, mono- ili diC1-6alkilamino;R4 je aril ili zasićeni, delomično ne-zasićeni ili kompletno ne-zasićeni 5 ili 6-člani monociklički ili 9 do 12-člani biciklički heterociklički prstenski sistem gde pomenuti prstenski sistem sadrži jedan azot, a ponekad i jedan do tri dodatna heteroatoma koja su izabrana iz grupe koja sadrži kiseonik, sumpor i azot i gde preostali članovi prstena su atomi ugljenika; gde pomenuti prstenski sistem može ponekad da bude supstituisan sa bilo kojim ugljenikovim ili azotnim prstenskim atomom sa jedan, dva, tri ili četiri supstituenata od kojih je svaki nezavisno izabran iz C3-1cikloalkila, arila, Het, -C(=O)NR5aR5b, -C(=O)R7, -C(=O)OR6a i C1-6alkila koji je ponekad supstituisan sa C3-7cikloalkilom, arilom, Het, -C(=O)NR5aR5b, -NR5aR5b, -C(=O)R7, -NR5aC(=O)R7,-NR5aSOpR8, -SOpR8, -SOpNR5aR5b, -C(O)OR6 ili -NR5aC(=O)OR6a; i gde pomenuti supstituenti ili bilo koji ugljenikov atom iz heterocikličkog prstena mogu takođe da budu izabrani iz C1-6alkoksi, hidroksi, halo, polihalo- C1-6alkila, C1-6alkiltio, okso, cijano, nitro, azido, -NR5aR5b, -NR5aC(=O)R7, -NR5aSOpR8, -SOpR8, -SOpNR5aR5b, -C(=O)OH i -NR53C(=O)OR6a; n je 3, 4, 5 ili 6; p je 1 ili 2;svaki od R5a i R5b je, nezavisno, vodonik, C3-7cikloalkil, aril, Het, C1-6alkil koji je ponekad supstituisan sa halo, C1-6alkoksi, cijano, polihaloC1-6alkoksi, C3-7cikloalkilom, arilom ili sa Het;R6 je vodonik, C2-6alkenil, C3-7cikloalkil, Het ili C1-6alkil koji je ponekad supstituisan sa C3-7cikloalk