baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2006161943-A (JP)
Title: Angular ball bearing
Inventor: AKAMATSU YOSHINOBU
IPC: F16C19/16
Filed: 2004-12-07
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an angular ball bearing for attaining speedup as an grease lubrication bearing for a machine-tool main spindle, etc.  <P>SOLUTION: The grease-lubrication angular ball-bearing comprises seals 5, 6. Inner diameter faces 4a1, 4a2 of a cage 4 are formed to have a cross-sectional shape having the diameter becoming larger from the end-face to the center O.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006165323-A (JP)
Title: Polishing cloth for cmp processing, cmp device, and method for manufacturing semiconductor device
Inventor: HIROZAWA MINORU
IPC: B24B37/20
Filed: 2004-12-08
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polishing cloth for CMP processing, a CMP device and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, wherein a change of a thickness of a polishing layer can be monitored in a wafer polishing or dress process.  <P>SOLUTION: The polishing cloth for CMP processing (hereinafter referred to as the polishing cloth) 10 is stuck on the polishing disc T1 of the CMP device for rotation. The polishing cloth 10 is configured by stacking an adhesive layer 11, a cushion layer 12, an adhesive layer 13, and a polishing layer 14 sequentially. The polishing cloth 10 is formed with a first pattern 141 for retaining slurry in addition to a second pattern 142 for monitoring a thickness of the polishing layer, in the uppermost polishing layer 14. The first pattern 141 has a pattern of a trench or hole which holds an equivalent planar shape even if a thickness of the polishing layer 14 changes. The second pattern 142 has a taper pattern of a trench or hole in which a planar shape reduces as a thickness of the polishing layer 14 decreases.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006168867-A (JP)
Title: Paper sheet separating mechanism for paper sheet counting device
Inventor: MURAKAMI YASUO
IPC: B65H3/08
Filed: 2004-12-14
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a paper sheets separating mechanism capable of accurately counting even a paper sheet with low stiffness such as a postage stamp without bending nor braking the paper sheets.  <P>SOLUTION: The paper sheets separating mechanism for a paper sheets counting device is formed of a suction blade for sucking one end of a bundle of stacked paper sheets to turn up with a suction surface having suction holes and a wiper pin to be turned in relation to the suction blade with the predetermined locus, and the wiper pin transfers one end of the paper sheets turned up by the suction blade toward a back surface side of the suction blade to separate the one end of the paper sheet from the bundle of paper sheets. The wiper pin is turned without pushing the paper sheets, and when the wiper pin comes close to the paper sheet sucked by the suction blade, the suction blade sucks one end of the paper sheets, and while the suction blade moves in a direction of separating from the bundle of paper sheets in thickness direction of the bundle of paper sheets.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006171452-A (JP)
Title: Multi-view display device and image quality improving means
Inventor: TANAKA SHINYA
IPC: G09F19/14
Filed: 2004-12-16
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multi-view display device and an image quality improving means that can improve the display quality and improve the visibility.  <P>SOLUTION: The projection angle of light on the interface between a light-shielding panel and a light-transmissive member 5 is defined, the projection angle of light on the interface between the light-transmissive member 5 and air is predetermined, and display lights projected from one lengthwise end part and the other end part of a display 2 are refracted in arbitrary directions.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006167223-A (JP)
Title: Method, system, and program for controlling external force
Inventor: ENDO YOSUKE
IPC: A61H3/00
Filed: 2004-12-16
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method or the like for controlling external force to achieve an aimed relationship between external force acting on an animal and motion variables changing with the motions of the animal.  <P>SOLUTION: A value of external force f applied to a human leg body is set in accordance with an external force function f(x) based on a measured value of myoelectric potential x produced in the human leg body. A current I of a motor 220 is controlled depending on the set value, and the external force f is applied to the leg body through an orthosis 222. Resultant force F (the sum of internal torque and external torque around a knee joint) is measured as the "motion variable". A value of a factor γ is set in accordance with a divisor function γ(f, F) based on the set value of the external force f and the measured value of the resultant force F. When a deviation δ between the set value of the factor γ and a target value γ<SB>t</SB>is equal to or greater than a reference value ε, a new external force function f(x) is set so that the set value of the factor γ is close to the target value γ<SB>t</SB>.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006171488-A (JP)
Title: Image display device
Inventor: KOTANI JUNJI
IPC: G09G5/399
Filed: 2004-12-17
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of a display image left remaining in a stopped condition, during transfer in an image display device which has a frame buffer and a function to transfer an image being displayed to a nonvolatile memory.  <P>SOLUTION: In a normal condition or immediately before an image transfer to the nonvolatile memory, two frame buffer regions 101 and 102 are used in a double-buffer system for image display. When an image is transferred to the nonvolatile memory, the double-buffer system is changed into a single-buffer system, one of the frame buffer region 101 is used and the image transfer to a nonvolatile memory NVRAM is conducted from the other frame buffer 102 which is no longer used for image display.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006179370-A (JP)
Title: Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
Inventor: KITA YOSUKE
IPC: H01M10/0587
Filed: 2004-12-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-reliability nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery excelling in safety by preventing an electrode collector and an electrode mix layer from causing a minute short circuit or an internal short circuit even when pressure is applied to the battery from the outside, in a battery equipped with an electrode plate group composed by rolling, in an oval shape, a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode each comprising an electrode mix and a collector supporting it by intervening a separator therebetween, wherein the electrode plate group includes has an area where the outermost electrode mix termination part of the negative electrode plate faces the collector of the positive electrode plate without having the outermost electrode mix layer, and the collector of the positive electrode plate without having the outermost electrode mix layer is longer than the termination part of the collector of the negative electrode plate without having the outermost electrode layer.  <P>SOLUTION: This nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery is so structured that the collector of the positive electrode plate without having the electrode mix layer is coated with an insulating member; and the electrode mix layer of the negative electrode plate and the collector termination part thereof are made to face each other by intervening the separator therebetween.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006182568-A (JP)
Title: Hardening accelerator and quick-hardening cement composition
Inventor: ICHIMURA TAKAHISA
IPC: C04B103/14
Filed: 2004-12-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hardening accelerator with which a desired relatively long pot life can be secured even after adding water, setting proceeds rapidly after the lapse of the pot life, the setting period from starting of setting to completing of setting is made equal to or shorter than that by a conventional hardening accelerator, and the early strength developing property after hardening can be also enhanced, when it is admixed into a hydraulic composition such as cement, mortar, and concrete and which can be stored for a long period of time.  <P>SOLUTION: The hardening accelerator contains calcium aluminate particles each having a hydrate coating layer, unslaked lime and/or slaked lime.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006187679-A (JP)
Title: Rustproof coated article and coating film forming method
Inventor: SUEHIRO ATSUO
IPC: B05D5/00
Filed: 2004-12-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To certainly impart a high rustproof effect to a metal base material over a long period of time even if a rustproof coating film is formed using a chromium-free rustproof agent.  <P>SOLUTION: The rustproof coating film, which is constituted of an inorganic composition containing a metal powder and substantially containing no chromium, is formed on the rustproof substrate layer on the surface of the metal base material treated with a rustproof substrate agent to prepare a rustproof coated article. The rustproof substrate layer may be a metal phosphate coating film such as an iron phosphate coating film. The corrosion potential of the rustproof coating film may be -1,100 to -800 mV (especially about -1,100 to -900 mV) and the inorganic compound may contain at least a plate zinc powder (e.g., the plate zinc powder and a binder component, especially the plate zinc powder, a plate aluminum powder and the binder component). The rustproof coating film may be constituted of a plurality of films and may has a structure that a plate metal powder is laminated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2005523988-A (JP)
IPC: C10G29/00
Filed: 2003-04-28
Abstract: A method of reducing hydrolysis in a hydrocarbon stream comprising adding to a hydrocarbon stream containing a chloride compound which undergoes hydrolysis at elevated temperatures in the presence of water to form hydrochloric acid, an effective amount of a treating agent that is at least one overbased complex of a metal salt and an organic acid complexing agent, the treating agent being added to hydrocarbon stream when the stream is at a temperature below which any substantial hydrolysis of the chloride containing compound occurs.
Patent JP-2005529643-A (JP)
IPC: A61F2/04
Filed: 2003-05-22
Abstract: The invention relates to a suburethral support assembly for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. The inventive assembly consists of: (a) a composite band (104) comprising at least one suburethral support strip (102) and a flat protective sheath (105), both ends of said band (104) being provided with a common part (183) of a connecting means (183 to 185, 284); and (b) a needle (103) comprising at least one other part (184, 185, 284) of a connecting means. According to the invention, each part (183) of the connecting means belonging to the composite band (104) contains an elastically-deformable tube portion (183) and each part (184, 185, 284) of the connecting means belonging to the needle (103, 203) is shaped such that it can be inserted inside the tube portion (183) by means of frictional force and/or such that it can be inserted in the wall of said tube portion (183) by means of retention.
Patent JP-2005526511-A (JP)
Title: ワクチン
IPC: C12N15/09
Filed: 2003-05-23
Abstract: 本発明は、MUC-1を発現する腫瘍を治療および予防するための核酸ワクチン接種に有用である核酸構築物を提供する。
Patent JP-2006516219-A (JP)
IPC: F02B77/04
Filed: 2003-07-09
Abstract: Electric oil separator that separates oil from an airflow of a ventilator. The separator includes an emission electrode and a collecting electrode. Moreover, the separator includes an injection device structured and arranged to inject oil as a cleaning fluid onto at least one of the emission electrode and the collecting electrode, so as to inject oil obliquely to a longitudinal axis of the collecting electrode.
Patent JP-2005534866-A (JP)
Title: 金属層とその製造方法及び金属層から形成したハニカム体
IPC: B01J35/04
Filed: 2003-07-09
Abstract: 本発明は、第１の材料厚さ（Ｄ１）を持つ少なくとも１つの第１の範囲（２）と、この厚さとは異なる第２の材料厚さ（Ｄ２）を持つ第２の範囲（３）を有し、波の谷（１１）と波の山（１０）を持つ金属層（８）で、少なくとも一部範囲内に構造体を形成する方法に関し、該構造体を、各々の材料厚さと関係なく、第１の範囲と、第２の範囲の波の山及び／又は波の谷の範囲に、基本的に一直線に並列する上方の設置面（１７）及び／又は下方の設置面（２２）を有する構造を縦方向（２１）に形成する。更に本発明は、ハニカム構造（６）を形成すべく、少なくとも１つの第１の範囲と、第２の範囲を持ち、少なくともその一部範囲内に、少なくとも部分的に上方の設置面を形成する波の山と、少なくとも部分的に下方の設置面を形成する波の谷の構造を持つ、ハニカム構造を製造する金属層と少なくとも一部をかかる金属層から形成したハニカム体に関する。
Patent JP-2006501102-A (JP)
Title: タイヤのための低圧／無圧使用インジケータ
IPC: B60C5/00
Filed: 2003-10-01
Abstract: タイヤ用の低圧／無圧使用インジケータ（62）が提供される。タイヤ（16）は、クラウン部（88）と、そのクラウン部から延びる一対のサイドウォール（20）を有している。サイドウォールの各々は、クラウン部と反対側のサイドウォールの端にビード（22、24）を有している。低圧／無圧使用インジケータ（62）は、一方のサイドウォールの壁部分に配置される。その低圧／無圧使用インジケータは、タイヤが望ましくない低タイヤ空気圧状態で動作したかどうかを、恒久的な物理的変化によって表示するように構成されている。
Patent JP-2006502402-A (JP)
Title: 半導体監視機器
IPC: G01R31/26
Filed: 2003-10-13
Abstract: 【課題】試験中の半導体デバイスの動的電流−電圧（Ｉ−Ｖ）伝導特性を正確に測定する半導体監視機器及びその測定方法を提供することである。 【解決手段】   試験中の半導体デバイスの動的電流−電圧（Ｉ−Ｖ）伝導特性を測定する機器は、試験中のデバイスの入力と出力の両方において、高速で印加した一般に方形波のバイポーラパルスの形を用いて調整可能なバイアスを適用する手段と、状況に応じて、試験中のデバイスの入力と出力の両方で直流信号を適用することにより試験中の半導体デバイスの直流電流−電圧（Ｉ−Ｖ）伝導特性を測定する手段と、入力と出力の両方で電流応答を測定する手段を備えている。試験中の半導体デバイスの動的電流−電圧（Ｉ−Ｖ）伝導特性の測定方法も、また上記と同様である。
Patent JP-2006503882-A (JP)
Title: 農薬としての２−フェニル−２−置換−１，３−ジケトン類
IPC: C07C49/657
Filed: 2003-10-09
Abstract: 本発明は、式（Ｉ）（式中、Ｗ、Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ、Ａ、Ｂ、Ｑ １ 、Ｑ ２ 、Ｑ ３ 、Ｑ ４ 、Ｇ及びｍは明細書に記載の意味を有する。）で示される新規なフェニル置換シクロペンタン及びシクロヘキサン−１，３−ジオン誘導体に関する。本発明はまた、該誘導体の製造方法、該誘導体を製造するための中間生成物並びに該誘導体の殺虫剤、殺菌剤及び／又は除草剤としての使用に関する。     【化２２】
Patent JP-2006510846-A (JP)
Title: スライディング弁
IPC: F02M61/04
Filed: 2003-11-19
Abstract: 本発明は、コントロールシリンダ（１３）内で軸方向に摺動できるスライディングスリーブ（１２）を具備するスライディング弁（１０）に関する。スライディングスリーブ（１２）は、その外周部の少なくとも１つのコントロール表面（２３）で、コントロールシリンダ（１３）内の少なくとも１つのコントロール開口部（１７、１８）を制御する。本発明のスライディング弁は、そのコントロール表面（２３）がコントロールシリンダ（１３）に向かって半径方向に弾力性があることを特徴とする。
Patent JP-2006510951-A (JP)
Title: ３レベル切削のキューブコーナー
IPC: G02B5/124
Filed: 2003-11-07
Abstract: ３組の平行な等距離の対称形のＶ字形の溝によって画成されるキューブコーナーの規則的な配列を提供する。３組のＶ字形の溝の方向が３つの角度をなし、そのうちのどの２つも等しくない。平面図で見たときに、キューブコーナーの頂点が、溝の底に沿った線からなる三角形の重心から、その三角形の垂心と重心との距離より実質的に短い距離にあるように、三角形のパターンが決められる。金属被覆しないプリズム型再帰反射性シートでは、準三角形のキューブコーナーを複合傾斜した配列は、小さな入射角で傾斜のない三角形のキューブコーナーの効率に近い利点をもつ。
Patent JP-2006522300-A (JP)
Title: 吸着面に環状突起が設けられた吸着盤、及びそれを備えた吸着矢
IPC: F41B11/00
Filed: 2003-05-23
Abstract: 【課題】吸着盤とこの吸着盤を備えた吸着矢、より詳しくは、針の代わりに矢投げ遊び具用の矢に付着して使用できる吸着盤を提供する。 【解決手段】本発明による吸着盤は、吸着面に環状突起が設けられ、高速で的と衝突しても、衝突による反発力によって跳ね返されることがなく、堅固に的に付着することができる。また、吸着盤が標的に対し一定の角度だけ傾斜して飛行して標的と衝突しても、容易に標的に付着することができる。また、衝突時、吸着力よりも反発力が小さいように、軟質の材質からなっている。吸着矢は、発射機に入れて口で吹いて矢を飛ばすとき、吸着盤が管状の発射機の内周面に妨害されずに容易に発射されるようになる。
Patent JP-2005196200-A (JP)
Title: Liquid electrophotographic printer using electrostatic transfer system
Inventor: KELLIE TRUMAN F
IPC: G03G15/10
Filed: 2005-01-04
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new improved electrophotographic printer using an electrostatic transfer system capable of decreasing wettability of printing paper by forming an image on a photoreceptor web and removing a liquid carrier remaining on the surface.  <P>SOLUTION: The electrophotographic printer using the electrostatic transfer system is obtained by providing the photoreceptor web 110, an exposing unit, developer roller, toner removal roller, and squeeze roller. Also, a backup roller is provided corresponding to each of the above rollers. The photoreceptor web is arranged to provide at least 1 degree of contact wrap around at least one of the backup rollers. The printer further includes: at least one development unit 150a, 150b, 150c, 150d for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the photoreceptor web into a toner image by using ink including the liquid carrier and charged toner particles; and an electrostatic transfer unit 170 for transferring the toner images formed on at least one development unit from the photoreceptor web to a print medium by using electrostatic force. Image quality is improved by forming the toner images precisely.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006189684-A (JP)
Title: Liquid crystal display device
Inventor: FUJINE TOSHIYUKI
IPC: G02F1/133
Filed: 2005-01-07
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform video display with image quality and definition meeting required by video information to be displayed according to the video information in a liquid crystal display device equipped with a liquid crystal display panel having a plurality of sub-pixels in respective unit pixels and capable of performing gray scale display.  <P>SOLUTION: The liquid crystal display device is equipped with a voltage supply means for discretely supplying a voltage of a prescribed voltage value in addition to the gray scale voltage supplied from a source electrode to each of the plurality of the sub-pixels within the unit pixel. A controller 4 adjusts the voltage value supplied by the voltage supply means discretely by the each sub-pixel according to the video information, such as display mode selection, in a user operation section 2, and performs display control of the liquid crystal display panel 8 by correcting the gray scale characteristics of the unit pixels changed by the adjustment processing. The liquid crystal display device is previously provided, as the voltage supply means, with, for example, auxiliary capacitance reference electrode to which the respective sub-pixels within the auxiliary capacitance unit pixel in the liquid crystal display panel 8 are separately connected, and the voltage values read out of a ROM 6 by an auxiliary capacitance signal generating circuit 7 are supplied by each of the respective sub-pixels from the respective auxiliary capacitance reference electrodes.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006190872-A (JP)
Title: Manufacturing method of semiconductor device
Inventor: NAKADA YOSHIHIRO
IPC: H01L21/316
Filed: 2005-01-07
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of semiconductor device for sufficiently reducing parasitic capacitance among wiring portions.  <P>SOLUTION: The manufacturing method of semiconductor device comprises steps of: forming a porous insulating film 54 on a semiconductor substrate 10; and forming a dense layer 56 having higher density than that of the porous insulating film on the front surface of the porous insulating film 54, by conducting the process to give higher density to the front surface of the porous insulating film. Extremely thinner high density layer to work as an etching stopper film and a protection film is formed because of forming the highly dense layer through the process to give high density to the front surface of the porous insulating film. Accordingly, parasitic capacitance among the wirings is reduced sufficiently.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006189133-A (JP)
Title: Thrust roller bearing
Inventor: KINOUCHI KAZUHIRO
IPC: F16C19/46
Filed: 2005-01-07
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent damage of a retainer and seizure of a bearing or the like by reducing heat generation and wear or the like generated between the retainer and the inner and outer rings at low cost without changing a base structure.  <P>SOLUTION: Surface hardening treatment 27 excellent in wear resistance and shock resistance composed of diamond-like-carbon coating material or ceramic coating material is applied on an outer diameter flange surface 24 of the retainer 20 and an upper end part in a figure of an outer flange surface 24 of the retainer 20 and an end surface 26 continuing to the outer diameter flange surface 24.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2005244182-A (JP)
Title: Method of manufacturing wiring board
Inventor: YURI SHINJI
IPC: H05K3/00
Filed: 2005-01-12
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To image an accurately formed positioning mark with reflected light and relatively position a wiring board work and an exposure mask based on an imaging result.  <P>SOLUTION: A method of manufacturing the wiring board comprises a step of stacking a conductor layer M1 and a dielectric layer V1 in this order on a plate-like core 2 and a step of irradiating the main surface of the dielectric layer V1 with laser light to form a positioning mark 50. Light for detecting a position is emitted from the main surface of the dielectric layer V1 to the positioning mark 50 and reflected light is detected. A wiring board work 1' and the exposure mask are relatively positioned based on a detection result. In a step of forming the positioning mark 50, laser light is emitted to a region 58 to be excavated while an irradiation position is displaced so as to overlap in the circumferential direction and radial direction of the ring-like region 58 to be excavated. Thus, the positioning mark 50 is formed in which a groove 50a is formed by excavating the dielectric layer V1 like a ring and the conductor layer M1 is exposed in the groove 50a.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006196649-A (JP)
Title: Semiconductor device, its manufacturing method, optical pickup apparatus and optical communication apparatus
Inventor: SHICHIJO YOICHI
IPC: H01L21/768
Filed: 2005-01-13
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a semiconductor device and the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device, excellent in flatness of an interlayer insulating layer with a small variation of through-hole resistance without failure in wiring continuity.  <P>SOLUTION: The semiconductor device comprises a ground insulating film 4 including on the surface first and second parts 16, 17 each having different height; lower layer wirings 11, 12 formed on the ground insulating film 4; and a first insulating film 6, an organic SOG film 7, and a second insulating film 8 formed sequentially on the lower layer wirings 11, 12, and the ground insulating film 4. The device further includes first and second through-holes 31, 32 extending from an upper surface of the second insulating film 8 to upper surfaces of the lower layer wirings 11, 12 with their side walls constituted with the first insulating film 6 and the second insulating film 8. The organic SOG film 7 has a portion located above the upper surfaces of the lower layer wirings 11, 12.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006196370-A (JP)
Title: Ultraviolet light source lighting device and ultraviolet irradiation device
Inventor: YOKOZEKI ICHIRO
IPC: H01J65/00
Filed: 2005-01-14
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet light source lighting device which executes backup operations appropriately when one or more elongated ultraviolet light sources go out during the lighting period due to any cause in the configuration where a plurality of elongated ultraviolet light sources are arranged adjacent to each other, and also to provide an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus using the device.  <P>SOLUTION: The ultraviolet light source lighting device UVO comprises: the plurality of elongated ultraviolet light sources UVL which are arranged adjacent to each other so as to combine each emitted ultraviolet light and irradiate a irradiated surface; lighting circuits OC, which turns on the plurality of ultraviolet light sources, respectively; a non-lighting detecting means D for detecting the non-lighting state in the plurality of ultraviolet light sources; and a non-lighting period backup means BA which increases ultraviolet light output by controlling the lighting circuit of the ultraviolet light source adjacent to the ultraviolet light source in the non-lighting state in conjunction with the non-lighting detecting means.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI