baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-727672-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to power plant
Inventor: ECCLES WILLIAM
IPC: F01K7/18
Filed: 1952-05-08
Abstract: 727,672. Power-generating systems. METROPOLITAN - VICKERS ELECTRICAL CO., Ltd. May 7, 1953 [May 8, 1952], No. 11684/52. Class 122 (3). A power plant comprises a nuclear reactor 2 cooled by a coolant circulated in a closed circuit 3 including a heat exchanger 1 in which the coolant heats a separate working fluid, e.g. steam, and a furnace 7 which heats the working fluid both in an economizer 18 prior to it passing through the heat exchanger and also in a superheater 5 after leaving the heat exchanger and before doing useful work, the reactor and the coolant circulating system 3 including the heat exchanger 1 and circulatory pump 22 (if provided) being housed in a screening 4 effective to absorb stray radio-active emission. The superheated steam is expanded in a turbine 8 driving an alternator 10, condensed and pumped back to the heat exchanger or evaporator 1 via bled steam feed heaters 16, 17 and the economiser 18. Combustion air for the furnace 7 is preheated in an air heater 19. In a modification the superheater 5 is fed with steam generated by duplicate screened reactor sets. In further modifications three evaporators-low, intermediate, and high pressure-are provided and supply steam to corresponding superheaters feeding either corresponding turbines or stages of a single turbine; the condensed steam being returned to the evaporators through corresponding economizers. Specification 727,659 is referred to.
Patent GB-602345-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in locking devices for the slides of machines such as machine tools
IPC: B23Q1/28
Filed: 1945-05-10
Abstract: 602,345. Machine framings ; work-holders. BERTHIEZ, C. W. May 10, 1945, No. 11709. Convention date, Dec. 16, 1943. [Class 83 (iii)] A device for locking a slidable member of a machine tool to its slideway is characterised by the provision of a system of shoes through which frictional reactions are applied on two opposite parallel surfaces of the slidable member and simultaneously on opposite corresponding surfaces of the slideway so that a portion of the latter and of the slidable member are pressed between the shoes. Pressure fluid derived from an electrically driven pump is fed to one or more clamping points, each comprising a cylinder 1 and double-acting piston 4, the latter being cut-away at the centre for a gudgeon pin 5 connected by blocks 10, Fig. 3, to lever arms 9. The other ends of the levers are provided with integral eccentric portions through which a pin 12 passes, linking them to the head of a draw-bolt 11. Shoes 14, 17, provided with friction linings 15, 18, respectively, are arranged on the draw-bolt to embrace corresponding adjacent surfaces of the slide (which carries the clamping device) and the bed. Adjustment of the shoes is made through the nuts 16. Reciprocation of the piston 4 thus effects clamping and unclamping of the slide. A set pin 6 extending from the gudgeon pin in a direction perpendicular to the piston indicates the position of the latter and also operates switches a, b for controlling the pump motor. The clamping shoes may, alternatively, be operated entirely mechanically, for example by a cam arrangement.
Patent GB-629637-A (GB)
Title: Oxidation of hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C47/00
Filed: 1947-05-01
Abstract: Hydrocarbons are oxidized in the liquid phase with molecular oxygen at elevated temperatures by forcing a dispersion of a molecular oxygen-containing gas in the liquid hydrocarbon through a reactor in such a manner that it is continuously and completely filled with the dispersion and so that the pressure at the point of entry of the gas to the reactor is at least one atmosphere gauge, the unbroken dispersion being discharged into a separator in which gas and liquid phases are separated at substantially atmospheric pressure.  The reactor may be an agitator vessel with an exit or exits which offer sufficient resistance to the flow of the dispersion to enable the required pressure to be set up at the point of gas entry and the agitators of which must keep the gas in dispersion throughout the vessel.  The vessel is preferably cylindrical in shape and of comparatively large diameter, the gas and hydrocarbon entering at the bottom and the dispersion leaving at the top.  In order to avoid a collection of gas at the top of the vessel some hydrocarbon should be passed continuously through from bottom to top.  In the separator unused gas, inert gases and gaseous products are removed from the liquid, which may either be recycled or treated as a whole or in part for the recovery of the products.  In another method for effecting the oxidation liquid hydrocarbon mixed with oxidizing gas is forced through a long narrow tube at high velocity so that turbulent flow is produced and a depression thereby obtained and so that the required pressure at the point of entry is obtained as back-pressure.  The dispersion is passed into a separator and treated as in the previous method.  In both methods the apparatus is provided with heating or cooling means.  It is stated that in the first method isopropyl benzene is converted to the hydroperoxide at 80 DEG  to 145 DEG  C., with pressures of 1 to 5 atmos., and residence times of 1/2 to 1 hour, to produce an oxidation of about 25 per cent of the hydrocarbon charged.  Preferably the gas containing free oxygen and hydrocarbon are supplied to maintain an oxygen-hydrocarbon volume ratio of more than 1 : 10.  In the second method the tube may be 20-150 feet long and of internal diameter 1-3 inches, the liquid being pumped through at 3 to 20 feet per sec.  In this case the time of residence is relatively short so that considerable recycling is necessary.  Other oxidations instanced are di-isopropyl benzene to mono- and di-isopropylbenzene peroxide; methyl cyclopentane to a mixture containing peroxide, alcohols, ketones and lactones; ethyl benzene to acetophenone and phenyl methyl carbinol; p-cymene to p-cymene hydroperoxide; di-isobutylene to an epoxy compound of 2 : 4 : 4-trimethyl pentane; 2-ethyl-hexene-1 to an epoxy compound and isopropyl naphthalene to the corresponding hydroperoxide.
Patent GB-287471-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for the separation of the neutral constituents from low temperature tar and its fractions
IPC: C10C1/20
Filed: 1927-05-03
Abstract: 287,471. Bunge, F. C. March 21, 1927, [Convention date]. Tar oils, purifying.-Low-temperature tars or their fractions are freed from acid constituents by treatment with phosphoric acid, preferably in presence of a neutral diluent, e.g. the purified oil. The acid constituents form very stable. emulsions with water; they may be used as disinfectants or for flotation purposes. They may be separated from the phosphoric acid by addition of a compound which combines with phosphoric acid. Specifications 9856/12, 5484/13 and 108,448 are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states also that acids other than phosphoric may be used, and that the water formed during the reaction may be removed by evaporation or by addition of phosphorus pentoxide. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-513797-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for measuring light
IPC: G01J1/22
Filed: 1938-04-20
Abstract: 513,797. Light-measuring apparatus. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., and MAXTED, R. April 20; 1938, No. 11857. [Class 97 (i)] In an instrument for measuring the brightness of an illuminated surface, e.g., a road surface, a comparison spot of light is introduced into the optical system of a telescope so as to be in focus to the eye at the same time as the field of view. Light from a filament 1, is focussed by condensers 2 to -produce an image on an opal screen 6. An iris diaphragm 3, colour filters 4, and neutral filters 5 are employed to vary the brightness of this image. Light from the screen 6 illuminates a similar screen 7, which is then imaged in the plane mirror 8, mounted at 45 degrees to the mutually perpendicular axes of the above optical system and of a telescope 10, so that it may be visible in the eyepiece 9. Other colour and neutral filters may be introduced at will by turning the knobs 13, 12 respectively. The amount of opening of the diaphragm 3 is indicated by a pointer. Additional neutral filters are fitted to each colour filter to make the total absorption the same for each. In a modification, the telescope axis is parallel to that of the optical system, a prism being used to direct the beam on to the mirror 8, which is mounted in a cube of glass for added strength. Specification 454,573 is referred to.
Patent GB-682385-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to antiknock mixtures for motor fuel
IPC: C10L1/30
Filed: 1949-05-04
Abstract: An anti-knock mixture for motor fuel comprises a lead anti-knock compound and one or more chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons of the benzene series containing 6-8 carbon atoms and 2-3 chlorine atoms directly attached to the benzene ring, and having a vapour pressure at 50 DEG C of 0.2-6 mm. of mercury. Chlorohydrocarbons mentioned are 1, 2, 3-, 1, 2, 4- and 1, 3, 5-trichlorobenzenes, 2, 4-dichlorotoluene, 2, 3, 4-trichlorotoluene, mixed dichloro xylenes, 2, 3-dichloro-1, 4-dimethylbenzene and 3, 4, 6-trichloro-1, 2-dimethylbenzene. Bromohydrocarbons having more than one bromine atom, such as ethylene dibromide, may also be added.  Lead anti-knock compounds specified are tetraethyl lead, tetrapropyl lead, dimethyldiethyl lead and methyltriethyl lead.  Specification 679,623 and U.S.A. Specification 2,398,281 are referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers also to the use of a chlorohydrocarbon having a vapour pressure range as given above, and containing 2-3 chlorine atoms and 6-10 carbon atoms; 3, 4 a -trichlorotoluene, 1, 1, 3-trichloroindene, 1, 5-dichlorocyclo-octadiene-1, 5, 4, a , a -trichlorotoluene, 4-chloro-1-(b -chloroethyl) benzene, 1, 8-dichlorooctane, 3, 4-dichlorocumene, 1, 7-dichloroheptane, a , a , a -trichlorotoluene, a -, a -dichlorotoluene, 1, 5-dichlorohexane, mixed dichloroheptanes, 2, 5-dichlorohexadiene-1, 3, 2, 2-dichloro-1-methylcyclohexane, 1, 2-dichlorocyclohexane and 4, 4-dichloroheptane are referred to. Additional bromohydrocarbons mentioned are monobromoxylenes, bromoethylbenzene and bromotoluene.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-295566-A (GB)
Title: Safety fastening for earrings
IPC: A44C7/00
Filed: 1928-04-23
Abstract: 295,566. Alberola, C. P. April 23, 1928. Catches, spring. - The notched end f of the hook of an earring a is gripped between the upper edge of an aperture in a cover plate d at the upper end of the earring and the lower edge of a central aperture in a heart- or arrow-shaped plate c which projects outside the body of the earring and which is adapted to be depressed, tobring the apertures into register, against a bifurcated spring b enclosed in the body.
Patent GB-289774-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of pure colophony and other resinous products from resinous plants or woods
IPC: C09F1/00
Filed: 1928-04-23
Abstract: 289,774. Gardner, D. April 30, 1927, [Convention date]. Pulp, preparation of.-In the production of colophony or other resinous products, in which resinous plants and woods are steam treated and the resultant material, preferably in a finely divided state, is treated with alkali to form a resin-soap solution, also containing cellulose, in the presence of a reducing agent such as bisulphite or sodium hydrosulphite, and the cellulose is filtered off and the resin &c. is precipitated from the remaining solution by addition of acid, the steam treated material is dried and comminuted before being treated with alkali. In a preferred procedure, the wood &c. is steam treated at atmospheric pressure or at a pressure not exceeding two atmospheres, and the product is dried and powdered. If the powder be fine, it is treated at a temperature of about 30‹ C. in a colloid mill with a 2-2.5‹ Be solution of caustic soda in the presence of bisulphite or sodium hydrosulphite, the degree of concentration of which should not exceed 2 per cent. It is preferable to effect this treatment in the presence of a substance such as an oleate to facilitate the incorporation of the resinous part. The product from the colloidal mill is filtered to remove cellu lose and is treated with acid to precipitate the resinous matter. The cellulose may be treated with a 7-8‹ BÚ caustic soda solution to obtain a ligneous pulp, which may be used for the manufacture of paper &c. When the powder obtained after drying is less fine, the alkali treatment may be effected by agitation by means of steam, avoiding temperatures above about 75-85‹ C. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that the drying step may be omitted. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-566939-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in screw-down valves
IPC: F16K17/00
Filed: 1943-07-23
Abstract: 566,939. Valves. HELLYER, R. H. July 23, 1943, No. 11995. [Class 135] A screw-down valve comprising a spindle adapted to press down a washer onto a seating surrounding an orifice between the inlet and outlet of the valve and on the outlet side of the orifice has the washer clamped between a metal disc on the spindle and a perforated sleeve secured to the disc, said sleeve being adapted to slidably engage said orifice. As shown in the Figure, a facing washer 19 surrounds a projection 17 on the ported tubular skirt 18 which slides in the seat orifice. The washer is clamped between the valve plate 10 and the member 18 by a screw 22 screwed into a boss 16 on the valve plate fitting into a socket on the member 18. The spindle 14 has a flange 13 inserted in an undercut recess in the valve plate and is retained in position by the engagement of the end of the screw 22 with a socket in the end of the spindle. In a modification, the valve plate has on one side a short flanged spindle secured by a transverse pin in a socket in the end of the screwed spindle and on the other side a short screwed spindle on which the perforated sleeve is screwed. Alternatively, the sleeve may be attached by a screw engaging a threaded hole in the valve plate. Specification 476,004 is referred to.
Patent GB-763992-A (GB)
Title: Dicarboxyphenylphosphonic acid
IPC: C07F9/38
Filed: 1954-04-26
Abstract: o-Dicarboxyphenylphosphonic acid and salts thereof are prepared in two stages; (1) polychloro derivatives of a compound of formula <FORM:0763992/IV(b)/1> are prepared by chlorination with elemental chlorine at 100-200 DEG  C. until at least one atom of chlorine is introduced into each methyl group, and (2) the product of the first step is simultaneously hydrolysed and oxidized by treatment with an alkaline solution of a watersoluble permanganate to give a compound of formula <FORM:0763992/IV(b)/2> wherein M1-M4 are the same or different cations.  The chlorination is conducted, preferably in the presence of ultra-violet light, until 4 or 5 chlorine atoms have been introduced into the methyl groups.  For the oxidation and hydrolysis step, potassium, sodium or calcium permanganates and potassium or sodium hydroxides are specified.  The potassium compounds are preferred, and give a solution of the tetra-potassium salt, from which manganese dioxide is separated by filtration.  The monopotassium salt is precipitated from the solution by addition of mineral acid.  The free acid and other salts may be prepared by normal methods.  The salts may be derived from sodium, magnesium, calcium, barium, aluminium, iron, zinc, ammonia, amines or quaternary bases.  The compounds are used as intermediates in the preparation of organic colouring matters.  An example illustrates the invention. Phosphonic dichloride of o-xylene is prepared by reacting o-xylene with hexagonal phosphoric anhydride, the product being either hydrolysed to the phosphonic acid and chlorinated with phosphorus pentachloride or treated directly with phosphorus pentachloride. Specification 737,036 is referred to.
Patent GB-659991-A (GB)
Title: An improved building construction
IPC: E04B1/16
Filed: 1948-05-04
Abstract: 659,991. Reinforced concrete buildings. BLUNT, H. A. May 4, 1948, No. 12008. '[Class 20(iv)] Buildings, temporary or permanent, or caravan bodies have walls formed of wire mesh or perforated sheet material folded into triangular sectioned channels with flattened corners forming abutments and serving to give stability, the structure being sufficiently rigid to dispense with framing. A floor, or roof, or both, forms part of the structure and can be of the same or similar folded meshwork material. The outer and inner surfaces may be rendered or otherwise covered and the channels filled with concrete, rammed earth or other constructional or insulating material. Footings, cappings and skirtings for the walls can be formed of shaped meshwork subsequently filled or rendered and in the case of a staircase wall, Fig. 14, the stairs 8 can be shaped from wire mesh and suitably filled. For floors and ceilings the mesh can be bent into truncated V-shaped channels 2, Fig. 14, with reinforcing bars laid therein if desired. The triangular channels 1 may be in contact as shown in Fig. 17 or spaced as shown in Fig. 7, wherein the sheets are arranged to form a cavity wall.
Patent GB-559720-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for identifying or distinguishing electrical apparatus
IPC: H01G2/24
Filed: 1942-08-28
Abstract: 559,720. Condensers. SPORING, P. A., and TELEGRAPH CONDENSER CO., Ltd. Aug. 28, 1942, No. 12127. [Class 37] A condenser or other small electrical component is enclosed in a moulded casing, parts of which are first formed roughly to shape from moulding powder of a basic colour and after assembly, the external parts are sprinkled with a moulding powder of a differing colour or colours and then heat treated in a mould to form a casing of a basic colour flecked with one or more other subsidiary colours, which may be made to correspond with certain characteristics of the condenser &c.
Patent GB-140920-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to variable reversing gears for reciprocating machine tools and the like
IPC: B23Q5/04
Filed: 1919-05-15
Abstract: 140,920. Carter, J., and Stirk, J. G. May 15, 1919. Reversing-gearing.-Drive is transmitted from a reversing-shaft A through a pinion nut D, which moves axially on a threaded portion of an intermediate shaft F to clamp alternately loose pinions G, H against collars on the shaft. The driven shaft L is thus rotated at different speeds in the two directions. In a modification, the shaft F is the reversing-shaft, and a friction brake is applied to the nut D, formed as a plain threaded sleeve, to ensure its clutching action. More than one speed may be arranged for in each direction of rotation by employing a nest of variable gears on the driving and driven shaft.
Patent GB-1059421-A (GB)
Title: Tobacco smoke filter
IPC: A24D3/02
Filed: 1965-03-23
Abstract: 1,059,421. Tobacco smoke filters. P. LORILLARD CO. March 23, 1965 [March 23, 1964], No. 12215/65. Heading A2C. A tobacco smoke filter comprises a resiliently compressible rod formed of activated carbon granules C bonded together with a thermo-plastic binder R. The rod may be formed by mixing the carbon granules with the binder particles, heating the mixture, moulding it into a rod, cooling the rod to make it self-sustaining, wrapping the rod and cutting it into filter lengths. Preferably the binder is present in an amount between 5 and 15% by weight of the binder and carbon, the carbon granules being of a size from 10-150 mesh whilst the binder particles are of a size not more than 325 mesh. The binder may be a polyvinyl resin such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylidene acetate, polyethylene or polypropylene, or a natural gum, resin or wax.
Patent GB-454799-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in continuous automatic centrifugal separating machines
IPC: B04B1/14
Filed: 1935-04-23
Abstract: 454,799. Centrifugal separators. AMERICAN CENTRIFUGAL CORPORATION, 70, Pine Street, New York, U.S.A. April 23, 1935, No. 12269. Convention date, April 23, 1934. [Class 23] Hollow perforated vanes 65 are mounted on the shaft of a density separator to ensure the rotation of the material and to permit seepage of the effluent. The material is led to a circular feeding trough 93 via a conduit 99 and pipes 102 and from there to passages 89, 109 on the interior of the vanes. The ends of the passages 90, 116 are flared and are disposed at different heights. The distribution of the material from the upper passage 109 is assisted by a flange 111. The effluent passes through the seepage holes 73 in the vanes and drains out via passages 75, 82. The outlet ends of the passages are at a greater distance from the axis of the separator than the inlet ends. The sludge is discharged through radial ports 40 which are controlled by a band 43. The band is actuated by compressed air cylinders 51. With a double coned basket, as shown, the band is centrally disposed, but with a single coned basket the band is disposed at the base of the cone. The casing has a lower double walled section 1, a bearing supporting section 2 and an upper section 3 which are bolted together. At the top of the basket a seepage channel together with a trough may be provided. A plate 65a can be removed to clean the vanes. Specification 453,651 is referred to.
Patent GB-418497-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in means for reducing the recoil in guns
IPC: F41A25/02
Filed: 1934-04-24
Abstract: 418,497. Guns. PARR, C. E., 169, Higher Road, Urmston, Lancashire. April 24, 1934, No. 12279. [Classes 92 (ii) and 119.] To reduce recoil, the gases of discharge are led from the cartridge chamber through a passage D to a cylinder C fixed to the gun breech, the cylinder containing a spring-pressed piston A and a reaction-block B, and the cartridge case 4 during loading being perforated by a member E to provide an escape orifice for the gases. On firing, the piston is moved rearwards by the gun gases against the action of a spring G and the forward pressure of the gases on the block B acts to reduce the recoil. In modifications (not shown), the cylinder C surrounds the gun barrel or two cylinders are provided one on each side of the gun barrel. Fig. 13 shows a modified form of perforator E<1>, suitable for ordnance, which is pivoted in the chamber wall and operated by a slide e pressed forwardly by the breech-block 3.