baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2018121288-A1 (WO)
Title: 双影像传感器封装模组及其形成方法
Inventor: WANG ZHIQI
IPC: H01L27/146
Filed: 2017-12-15
Abstract: 一种双影像传感器封装模组及其形成方法，所述形成方法包括：提供基板(300)，包括第一表面(31)和相对的第二表面(32)，所述基板(300)具有互连线路；提供第一影像传感器(11)和第二影像传感器(12)，第一影像传感器(11)和第二影像传感器(12)的正面均具有影像感应区(101，201)和环绕影像感应区的焊盘(102，202)；将第一影像传感器(11)和第二影像传感器(12)设置在基板(300)的同一表面，第一影像传感器(11)的焊盘(102)与互连线路电连接，第二影像传感器(12)的焊盘(202)与互连线路电连接；在基板(300)的第一表面(31)或第二表面(32)上形成焊接凸起，焊接凸起与互连线路电连接，所述焊接凸起用于与外部电路电连接，且所述焊接凸起的凸起方向与所述第一影像传感器(11)与所述第二影像传感器(12)的正面方向相反。由此提高了模组的集成度以及提高影像的获取精度。
Patent WO-2018113697-A1 (WO)
Title: α-芋螺毒素肽TxID新突变体、其药物组合物及用途
Inventor: LUO SULAN
IPC: A61P25/30
Filed: 2017-12-20
Abstract: 本发明属于生物化学和分子生物学领域。本发明提供了α-芋螺毒素肽TxID突变体、其药物组合物及用途。所述TxID突变体能够特异性地阻断乙酰胆碱受体（nAChRs），特别是α3β4 或α6/α3β4亚型，在制备戒烟戒毒与镇痛药物、有关精神疾病与癌症的治疗药物、食欲调控以及神经科学工具药物方面具有应用前景。
Patent WO-2018121496-A1 (WO)
Inventor: WANG YANYUN
IPC: B61L5/06
Filed: 2017-12-26
Abstract: A straddle-type rail turnout (100) comprises a common fixed rail (1), a curved rail (2), a straight rail (3), a driving device (5), and a locking device (6). The common fixed rail (1) is fixed on a turnout platform (7). A car assembly (4) is arranged at a bottom portion of the curved rail (2) and the straight rail (3) and comprises a car body (41) and a running rail (42) arranged at a bottom portion of the car body (41). The running rail (42) is fixed on the turnout platform (7). The car body (41) moves along a length direction of the running rail (42). The car body (41) is fixed to the curved rail (2) and the straight rail (3), respectively. The driving device (5) is arranged to drive the curved rail (2) and the straight rail (3) to move along the length direction of the operating rail (42). The locking device (6) is configured to lock the car body (41).
Patent WO-2019127518-A1 (WO)
Title: 避障方法、装置及可移动平台
Inventor: ZHOU YOU
IPC: G05D1/08
Filed: 2017-12-29
Abstract: 本发明实施例提供一种避障方法、装置及可移动平台，其中，该方法包括：获取可移动平台搭载的拍摄设备拍摄获得的深度图；基于所述深度图识别出运动物体；确定所述运动物体的运动速度向量；基于所述运动物体的运动速度向量，确定所述运动物体和所述可移动平台可能发生碰撞的区域，从而控制所述可移动平台在所述可能发生碰撞的区域执行避障策略。本发明实施例可以提升可移动平台运动的安全性和用户体验。
Patent WO-2019056680-A1 (WO)
Title: Travel mode identification method and apparatus, terminal device, and storage medium
Inventor: WU ZHUANGWEI
IPC: G06Q40/08
Filed: 2018-01-22
Abstract: Disclosed in the present application are a travel mode identification method and apparatus, a terminal device, and a storage medium. The travel mode identification method comprises: acquiring current user track data, the current user track data comprising at least one piece of current feature data; acquiring a user track data model, the user track data model comprising at least two class clusters, and each of the class clusters corresponding to one assessment travel mode; acquiring, on the basis of the current user track data and the user track data model, a target class cluster corresponding to the at least one piece of current feature data from the at least two class clusters; and acquiring a target travel mode on the basis of the assessment travel mode corresponding to the target class cluster. By means of the travel mode identification method, a specific user travel mode can be identified, thereby providing correct data for car insurance assessment; moreover, by means of the method, abnormal data can be identified and sample data can be refined, thus increasing the accuracy of car insurance assessment.
Patent WO-2019075951-A1 (WO)
Title: Display substrate and manufacturing method therefor
Inventor: HIDEO HIRAYAMA
IPC: H01L27/32
Filed: 2018-01-24
Abstract: A display panel and a manufacturing method therefor. A plurality of pixel units (101) arranged in a matrix are arranged in a display area (10a) of a display panel, wherein each of the pixel units comprises a plurality of sub-pixel units (101R, 101G, 101B) of different colors; a display apparatus comprises, in a corresponding display area, at least one drive circuit (102) arranged between two adjacent rows of pixel units; the drive circuit comprises a plurality of sub-drive circuits (1021); each sub-pixel is connected to a sub-drive circuit by means of a signal wire (103); and the sub-drive circuit transmits an image drive signal to the sub-pixel unit by means of the signal wire, so as to drive the sub-pixel unit to carry out image display.
Patent WO-2018177049-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LU YAWEI
IPC: H04B7/06
Filed: 2018-02-24
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un procédé de traitement de données, un dispositif terminal et un dispositif de réseau. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : un dispositif terminal envoie des premières informations à un dispositif de réseau, les premières informations étant utilisées pour indiquer un premier indicateur de qualité de canal (CQI) correspondant à un premier taux d'erreur sur les blocs ; le dispositif terminal envoie des deuxièmes informations au dispositif de réseau par le biais de la signalisation de commande de ressource radioélectrique (RRC) ou de la signalisation de commande d'accès au support (MAC), les deuxièmes informations étant utilisées pour indiquer une différence entre le premier CQI et un deuxième CQI. Le deuxième CQI est un CQI qui correspond à un deuxième taux d'erreur sur les blocs, le premier taux d'erreur sur les blocs étant supérieur au deuxième taux d'erreur sur les blocs. Le procédé de transmission de données, le dispositif terminal et le dispositif de réseau selon la présente invention peuvent améliorer le taux d'utilisation de ressources spectrales tout en garantissant la fiabilité d'un service URLLC.
Patent WO-2018196475-A1 (WO)
Inventor: GAO CHAO
IPC: D06M10/00
Filed: 2018-02-27
Abstract: La présente invention concerne une fibre de graphène à auto-fusion et son procédé de préparation. Des fibres de graphène oxydé séchées sont immergées dans des solvants ; après gonflement, les fibres sont extraites et superposées les unes aux autres ; après avoir été séchées, les fibres de graphène oxydé sont fondues et liées les unes aux autres, puis sont encore réduites afin d'obtenir des fibres de graphène à auto-fusion. L'ensemble du processus d'auto-fusion peut être rapidement achevé en une minute sans ajouter de liants supplémentaires ; la mise en œuvre est simple et le temps est économisé ; le processus est respectueux de l'environnement ; la résistance de liaison est élevée, et les performances de qualité des fibres de graphène elles-mêmes, telles que la résistance mécanique et la conductivité, peuvent être maintenues. La présente invention présente une grande valeur de recherche et d'application pour la préparation supplémentaire d'excellents tissus de fibres de graphène bidimensionnels ou de matériaux de bloc de réseau tridimensionnels.
Patent WO-2019153395-A1 (WO)
Inventor: WANG LIANGQING
IPC: G06F21/76
Filed: 2018-03-05
Abstract: 本发明公开了一种安全芯片，其包括至少一第一内部电路模块和与所述第一内部电路模块相邻连接的第一内部连线重新定义模块，所述第一内部连线重新定义模块用于根据所述第一内部连线重新定义模块的配置文件将所述第一内部电路模块的原始信号线映射到所述第一内部连线重新定义模块提供的物理金属连线端口。本发明的安全芯片安全等级高，可防止多种破解和攻击。
Patent WO-2018177110-A1 (WO)
Title: 媒体内容的许可方法以及设备
Inventor: YAN XIHUI
IPC: H04N21/262
Filed: 2018-03-08
Abstract: 本申请实施例提供了一种基于区块链技术的媒体内容许可方法及设备，该媒体内容许可方法中，由区块链节点接收发送端发送的媒体内容许可请求，所述媒体内容许可请求包括媒体内容标识信息和用户标识信息；所述区块链节点根据所述媒体内容标识信息和用户标识信息向所述发送端返回临时许可，所述临时许可包括所述媒体内容的解密密钥和临时许可时间。该媒体内容许可方法，通过引入区块链技术，使得去中心化的媒体内容许可控制机制得到实现。
Patent WO-2018177323-A1 (WO)
Title: 一种传动装置及应用其的厨师机
Inventor: WANG WENXIONG
IPC: A47J43/08
Filed: 2018-03-28
Abstract: 一种传动装置及应用其的厨师机，其包括直流电机（1）、一级传动组件（2）、二级传动组件（3）、三级传动组件（4）以及四级传动组件（5），所述直流电机（1）与一级传动组件（2）连接，带动所述一级传动组件（2）动作，所述一级传动组件（2）带动所述二级传动组件（3）动作，所述二级传动组件（3）带动所述三级传动组件（4）动作，所述三级传动组件（4）输出动能，所述三级传动组件（4）通过所述四级传动组件（5）将垂直方向运动转化为水平方向运动。该传动系统通过一个电机可以实现多个方向上的动能输出，从而赋予了一台机器多种功能，且直流电机的输出轴直接与锥形齿轮连接，使该装置结构更紧凑。
Patent WO-2018205824-A1 (WO)
Title: 移动终端设备及其摄像头防护组件
Inventor: WANG JIAMENG
IPC: H04N5/225
Filed: 2018-04-23
Abstract: 本发明提供了一种移动终端设备及其摄像头防护组件，该防护组件包括由金属材料制成的基座板，所述基座板上开设有至少一个通孔，所述通孔中的至少一个对应移动终端设备的摄像头设置；其中，对应摄像头的通孔的一端盖设有镜片。相对于现有技术，本发明提供的移动终端设备及其摄像头防护组件，通过设置金属材质的基座板结构，并采用基座板与镜片相结合的结构形式，在保证美观的同时，还可以降低因跌落而破碎的风险。
Patent WO-2019205178-A1 (WO)
Title: Method for transmitting detection reference signal and terminal device
Inventor: GAO XIANG
IPC: H04L1/00
Filed: 2018-04-28
Abstract: A method for transmitting a detection reference signal and a terminal device. The method comprises: a terminal device receives SRS configuration information from a network device, determines, according to one or more of an SRS bandwidth configuration parameter, serial numbers of the number of SRS transmissions nSRS, the quantity Λ of antenna ports, and the received SRS configuration information, indexes a(nSRS) corresponding to the antenna ports for transmitting an SRS, selects the antenna port with the index of a(nSRS) from the indexes corresponding to the Λ antenna ports, and transmits the SRS by using the antenna port with the index of a(nSRS) in the nSRSth SRS transmission, wherein nSRS is an integer greater than or equal to 0, Λ is a positive integer greater than or equal to 4, and the symbol * represents multiplication. According to the method, SRS antenna selection of four antenna ports is supported.
Patent WO-2019062155-A1 (WO)
Title: Light-emitting diode array structure and display apparatus
Inventor: XING RUBO
IPC: H01L27/15
Filed: 2018-05-17
Abstract: Disclosed are a light-emitting diode array structure and a display apparatus. The light-emitting diode array structure comprises a first substrate and a light-emitting diode formed on the first substrate, wherein an elastic material is filled between the light-emitting diode and the first substrate, and/or the elastic material is filled between adjacent light-emitting diodes. According to the light-emitting diode array structure and the display apparatus, by means of filling an elastic material between a light-emitting diode and a first substrate, the purpose of taking the elastic material as a stress release layer during the bending process of a flexible screen body is achieved, and the bending resistance performance of the light-emitting diode array structure can be improved, while a brittle light-emitting diode chip is prevented from being damaged at the same time.
Patent WO-2019222927-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HU ZHIYUAN
IPC: H04L29/06
Filed: 2018-05-22
Abstract: Des modes de réalisation de la présente invention concernent des procédés, des dispositifs et un support de stockage lisible par ordinateur pour tracer une source d'attaque dans un réseau superposé de chaîne de fonctions de service. Dans des modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemple, une demande de traçage d'une source d'attaque de données d'attaque est envoyée au dispositif de traçage d'attaque à un premier domaine de chaîne de fonctions de service d'une pluralité de domaines de chaîne de fonctions de service à travers lesquels le flux de données d'attaque passe ensuite. La demande comprend des caractéristiques de flux du flux des données d'attaque. Ensuite, le dispositif de traçage d'attaque reçoit un premier ensemble de résultats de mise en correspondance de flux sur la base des caractéristiques de flux provenant du premier domaine de chaîne de fonctions de service. Le dispositif de traçage d'attaque identifie la source d'attaque dans la pluralité de domaines de chaîne de fonctions de service au moins en partie sur la base du premier ensemble de résultats. De cette manière, la source d'attaque peut être tracée efficacement dans le réseau superposé de chaîne de fonctions de service.
Patent WO-2018219236-A1 (WO)
Title: Methods and system for lbt threshold setting for directional reception and transmission
Inventor: ZHANG JIAYIN
IPC: H04W74/08
Filed: 2018-05-26
Abstract: A method and system for LBT or CCA threshold setting for directional reception and transmission are provided. In an embodiment, a method in a wireless device for determining if a channel is clear in an unlicensed band channel in a wireless network includes detecting, with the wireless device, an energy along a first beamforming direction. The method also includes determining, with the wireless device, an energy detection threshold. The method also includes determining, with the wireless device, whether the unlicensed band channel is clear in at least the first receiving direction according to the energy and the energy detection threshold.
Patent WO-2019047573-A1 (WO)
Title: Downlink data transmission cache method, terminal, and base station
Inventor: WANG LEI
IPC: H04L1/18
Filed: 2018-06-01
Abstract: Provided are a downlink data transmission cache method, terminal, and base station. The method comprises: acquiring grouping information of parameters related to downlink transmission; and, on the basis of the grouping information, determining a cache position corresponding to the received physical downlink shared channel PDSCH.
Patent WO-2019001493-A1 (WO)
Title: Vehicle body structure and vehicle
Inventor: LIU XINCHUN
IPC: B62D25/08
Filed: 2018-06-28
Abstract: A vehicle body structure, comprising: two side sill inner plates (500) spacedly disposed in the left-right direction, two reinforcement longitudinal beams (130) spacedly disposed in the left-right direction, and at least one reinforcement crossbeam (240, 250). Each reinforcement longitudinal beam (130) is connected to a corresponding side sill inner plate (500), and each reinforcement crossbeam (240, 250) is connected to the two reinforcement longitudinal beams (130), thereby improving the collision safety performance of the vehicle body structure. A vehicle having the vehicle body structure is further disclosed.
Patent WO-2019011326-A1 (WO)
Title: Steam turbine quick start warming system, pre-warming system and warming method therefor
Inventor: FENG LEI
IPC: F02C6/00
Filed: 2018-07-13
Abstract: A combined-cycle steam turbine quick start warming system, a pre-warming system and a warming method therefor. The combined-cycle steam turbine quick start warming system comprises a gas turbine (1), a generator (17), an synchro-self-shifting clutch (2), a steam turbine and a warming steam source (3); the steam turbine comprises a high pressure cylinder (HP), an intermediate pressure cylinder (IP) and a low pressure cylinder (LP); and the warming steam source (3) is connected to a warming steam conveying pipeline (100) which is in communication with the high pressure cylinder (HP) and the intermediate pressure cylinder (IP). The warming method comprises: the gas turbine (1) and a steam turbine operating in a turned state; increasing the rotation speed of the gas turbine (1) to m rpm; introducing warm steam into the steam turbine to increase the rotation speed of the steam turbine to n rpm, where n < m; reducing the rotation speed of the gas turbine (1), the synchro-self-shifting clutch (2) automatically meshing when the rotation speed of the gas turbine (1) is reduced to n rpm and the rotation speed of the steam turbine tends to exceed the rotation speed of the gas turbine (1); the steam turbine driving the gas turbine (1) to rotate, so as to start warming up; and finishing the warming up when the temperature of an intermediate pressure rotor of the steam turbine reaches a preset temperature, or the warming time reaches a preset time.
Patent WO-2020019117-A1 (WO)
Title: Localization method and apparatus, electronic device, and readable storage medium
Inventor: WANG CHAOPENG
IPC: G01C21/20
Filed: 2018-07-23
Abstract: A localization method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium, relating to the field of computer vision technologies. The localization method is applied to a terminal or cloud, and comprises the following steps: obtaining a real-time image used for localization (101); and performing localization according to the obtained real-time image and a first map, and determining the location information of the real-time image (102), wherein the first map is one of N segments of maps that are determined in the previous localization. The present invention avoids the problem of high storage unit occupancy when localization is performed from all the N segments of maps, reduces the occupancy of a storage unit in a system, and reduces the amount of computation during localization.
Patent WO-2020024204-A1 (WO)
Title: Method and apparatus for managing a resource in a wireless communication system
Inventor: ZHU YAQIONG
IPC: H04L1/16
Filed: 2018-08-02
Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for managing a resource in a wireless communication system. The method implemented at a network device may comprise allocating, based on respective quality of service, QoS, priority of a plurality of terminal devices, and respective automatic repeat request, ARQ, indicator channels for the plurality of terminal devices, transmitting the allocation result to the plurality of terminal devices, and transmitting respective ARQ indicators on the allocated respective ARQ indicator channels to the plurality of terminal devices.
Patent WO-2019024914-A1 (WO)
Title: Compact natural gas pretreatment purification method and device suitable for offshore platform
Inventor: YANG QIANG
IPC: C10L3/10
Filed: 2018-08-03
Abstract: Disclosed are a compact natural gas pretreatment purification method and device suitable for an offshore platform, wherein the method and the device are suitable for pretreatment purification of natural gas mined on the offshore platform to remove heavy hydrocarbons, soluble salt ions, and most of the moisture from the natural gas. The mined natural gas is introduced from a gas phase inlet, sequentially passes through a spray washing unit, a gas-liquid distribution unit, a natural gas and washing water mixing and mass transfer unit, a spin generating unit, and a natural gas and washing water separation unit, and then flows out of a gas phase outlet. The removed liquid enters a liquid storage unit. Fresh water passes through the liquid storage unit, is injected into the spray washing unit by means of a pipeline circulation pump, and is then sprayed out. By treating the natural gas using this method, the soluble salt ions and most of the moisture are removed from the raw wet natural gas. The compact pretreatment method has the function of on-line treatment of natural gas and rapid removal of impurities and liquid on the offshore platform with a limited space.
Patent WO-2020029111-A1 (WO)
Title: Multifunctional stroller
Inventor: SONG ZHANMEI
IPC: B62B9/12
Filed: 2018-08-08
Abstract: A multifunctional stroller, comprising a bottom frame (1), support beams (43), beam pads (42), rollers (2), a hand-cranking component, a lifting component, cross beams (11), joists (12), and a frame component. The rollers (2) are fixed at four corners of a lower side of the bottom frame (1). Two support beams (43) which are arranged symmetrically and in parallel are fixed at an inner side of the bottom frame (1). The beam pads (42) are fixed between lower sides of the two support beams (43). The lifting component is provided above the bottom frame (1). The hand-cranking component is connected to the lifting component. The lifting component is provided with two cross beams (11) which are arranged symmetrically and in parallel. Two joists (12) which are arranged symmetrically and in parallel are fixed between upper sides of the two cross beams (11). The frame component is provided above the two joists (12).
Patent WO-2019148813-A1 (WO)
Title: Information transmission method and apparatus, and storage medium and electronic apparatus
Inventor: CHEN XIANMING
IPC: H04W72/08
Filed: 2018-08-20
Abstract: Provided are an information transmission method and apparatus, a storage medium and an electronic device. The method comprises: receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) sent by a base station; and sending channel state information (CSI) to the base station according to the PDCCH.
Patent WO-2018233728-A1 (WO)
Title: Benzo[d]isoxazole compounds, preparation method therefor and application thereof
Inventor: XU YONG
IPC: A61P35/00
Filed: 2018-08-22
Abstract: Provided in the present application are benzo[d]isoxazole compounds, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The benzo[d]isoxazole compounds are a group of compounds having novel structures and which act as bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) bromodomain receptor inhibitors. The group of compounds may effectively inhibit the bromodomain of BET family proteins, thereby blocking the interaction between BET family proteins and chromatin histones, thus regulating gene transcription, causing changes in downstream signal paths, and having a significant impact on many diseases. The present invention is effective in the treatment of tumors, and may also improve the treatment of other diseases, thus having broad application prospects.
Patent WO-2020037646-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SUI BOLIN
IPC: H01G13/00
Filed: 2018-08-24
Abstract: La présente invention porte sur un dispositif de transport et une machine de montage de condensateur, la machine de montage de condensateur comprenant un dispositif de transport (30) et un dispositif d'alimentation en bouchons en caoutchouc (40), un dispositif d'alimentation en éléments (50), un dispositif de traction (70) et un dispositif de décharge de matériau (90) qui sont agencés dans cet ordre le long d'une direction de transport du dispositif de transport (30), afin de monter des éléments (10) et des bouchons en caoutchouc (20). Le dispositif de transport (30) comprend un disque (100), de premiers mécanismes de fixation (200) et un mécanisme d'entraînement. Le disque (100) comporte une pluralité de stations agencées par intervalles le long de sa direction circonférentielle, la pluralité de premiers mécanismes de fixation (200) étant montés sur le disque (100) et sont en correspondance biunivoque avec les stations, et les premiers mécanismes de fixation (200) servent à fixer les bouchons de caoutchouc (20). Le mécanisme d'entraînement entraîne la rotation du disque (100) de manière à obtenir la transmission circonférentielle des éléments (10) et des bouchons de caoutchouc (20).
Patent WO-2019179061-A1 (WO)
Title: 解决小型阻容元件立碑的载板设计、封装方法及载板
Inventor: WU XIANWEI
IPC: H05K3/34
Filed: 2018-09-07
Abstract: 解决小型阻容元件立碑的载板设计、封装方法及载板。所述方法包括以下步骤：小型阻容元件长、宽、高尺寸测量(S1)；设定载板焊盘新开窗尺寸(S2)；依据焊盘开窗结构制作载板(S3)；依据焊盘开窗制作锡膏印刷网板，网板开窗尺寸与载板焊盘开窗尺寸保持一致(S4)；锡膏印刷，印刷网板对位载板开窗，印刷锡膏(S5)；阻容元件贴装，将载板与网板结合印刷锡膏成型，将小型阻容元件安装在载板焊盘开窗表面(S6)；回流焊炉回流再固化，升温区及保温区加热将锡膏液化回流，降温区再固化成型，回流焊过程连接阻容元件的端极金属与载板焊盘，使之相互导通且固定阻容元件(S7)；完成封装后续流程(S8)。更直接有效地解决小型阻容元件立碑问题；提高了载板产品良率及生命周期可靠性。
Patent WO-2020047895-A1 (WO)
Title: Novel dry food roasting machine
Inventor: GAO ZHONGQING
IPC: A23N12/08
Filed: 2018-09-18
Abstract: A dry food roasting machine, comprising an exhaust cylinder (1), a feed table (3), a machine body (4), a discharge table (5), a motor (6), a motor fixing frame (7), a heating layer controller (9), an agitator paddle (15), an inner container (16), a heating layer (17), a thermal insulation layer (18), a bearing (19), and a transmission belt (20); the exhaust cylinder (1) is provided at the top of a machine cover (2), the machine cover (2) is hinged together with the machine body (4), the feed table (3) is provided at the front end of the machine cover (2), the discharge table (5) is provided at the front end of the machine body (4), the motor fixing frame (7) is provided at the rear of a left side wall of the machine body (4), the motor (6) is provided in the motor fixing frame (7), a smart motor controller (8), the heating layer controller (9) and a power switch (10) are provided on an insulating layer (11) on the left side wall of the machine body (4), a baffle (12) is provided at the discharge table (5), support legs (13) are provided at the bottom of the machine body (4), and casters (14) are provided at the bottom of the support legs (13), the inner container (16) is provided inside the space formed by the machine cover (2) and the machine body (4), the heating layer (17) is provided at the bottom of the inner container (16), and the thermal insulation layer (18) is provided at the bottom of the heating layer (17). The dry food roasting machine is reasonably designed, has a long service life and can be widely used.