Patent GB-973821-A (GB)
Title: Production of artificial filamentary material of enhanced affinity for dyes
IPC: D01F2/10
Filed: 1960-12-01
Abstract: Filamentary material of improved dyeability is made from polymers normally yielding difficultly dyeable filaments by spinning filaments of individual denier not exceeding 25 from a composition comprising the polymer and a compatible ester as dyeing assistant, the ester being an aryl phosphate or a compound having the formula Ar.CO.O.R.Y.R.O.CO.Ar or the formula Ar. NH. CO. O.R.Y.R.O. CO. NH. Ar, where Ar is an aryl group, R is an alkylene group having up to 6 carbon atoms and Y is oxygen or sulphur so that the filaments contain the assistant throughout the entire filament cross-section in quantity sufficient to yield a product which, as compared with filaments containing no dyeing assistant but otherwise identical, has a dye take-up with a cellulose acetate disperse dye higher by at least 10% by weight and a safe, ironing temperature not reduced by more than 20 DEG C., and, in the case of cellulose ester products, not reduced to below 200 DEG C.  Preferably, the filaments are of denier not greater than 7 and contain 3-15% by weight, based on the weight of filament, of dyeing assistant.  Specified polymers include cellulose triesters, e.g. those of formic, acetic, propionic and butyric acids containing less than about 0.29 free hydroxyl groups per anhydro-glucose unit of the cellulose molecule, especially cellulose triacetate of acetyl value over 59%, expressed as acetic acid, linear polyesters of polyhydric alcohols (ethylene and diethylene glycols, dimethylol cyclohexane) with poly-carboxylic acids (terephthalic, isophthalic, phthalic, S-sulphoisophthalic and adipic acids) and linear polyesters of hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. polyglycolic acid.  Cellulose triacetate and polyethylene terephthalate are especially suitable. Other specified polymers include polyamides especially poly (polymethylene) terephthalamides, adipamides and sebacamides in which the poly-methylene groups have 2-8 carbon atoms, e.g. polyhexamethylene adipamide and terephthalamide, polyaminocaproic acid derivatives, and polyurethanes, e.g. that formed from the bis-(chloroformate) of butane diol and tetramethylene diamine, acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers with over 40% acrylonitrile, vinylidene cyanide copolymers, and polyolefins, e.g. polypropylene. The filaments may be made by dry-spinning or melt-spinning.  Preferred assistants are triaryl-phosphates, particularly o-phenyl phenyl bis-(phenyl) phosphate, which is especially suitable for use with cellulose triacetate, and tris(o-phenyl phenyl) phosphate which is especially suitable for polyethylene terephthalate.  Others specified are triphenyl-, tricresyl-, tri(2, 5-dimethylphenyl)-, tri (2, 6 dimethylphenyl)-, tri (3, 5 dimethyl-phenyl)-, tri(2, 3, 5 trimethylphenyl) and tri (b -naphthyl) phosphates, dialkyl monoaryl phosphates, e.g. dimethyl monophenyl phosphate and diethyl monophenyl phosphate, diaryl monoalkyl phosphates, e.g. diphenyl monomethyl phosphate and dicresyl monomethyl phosphate, and the bis phosphates of alkylene glycols and dialkylene glycols, e.g. the bis (dicresyl phosphate) of di-ethylene glycol.  Other specified assistants are bis-benzoates, e.g. diethylene glycol bis(benzoate) and the bis(benzoic acid) ester of di(b -hydroxy ethyl sulphide), diethylene glycol bis(phenyl urethane) and the bis(phenyl urethane) of di(b -hydroxyethyl) sulphide.  Examples are given.ALSO:Filamentary material of improved dyeability is made from a composition comprising a polymer and a compatible ester as dyeing assistant, the ester being an aryl phosphate or a compound having the formula Ar. CO. O. R. Y. R. O. CO. Ar or the formula Ar. NH. CO. O. R. Y. R. O. CO. NH. Ar, where Ar is an aryl group, R is an alkylene group having up to 6 carbon atoms and Y is oxygen or sulphur so that the filaments contain the assistant throughout the entire filament cross-section. Specified polymers include cellulose triesters especially cellulose triacetate of acetyl value over 59%, expressed as acetic acid, linear polyesters of polyhydric alcohols (ethylene and diethylene glycols, dimethylol cyclohexane) with polycarboxylic acids (terephthalic, isophthalic, phthalic, S-sulphoisophthalic and adipic acids) and linear polyesters of hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. polyglycolic acid, polyamides especially poly (polymethylene) terephthalamides, adipamides and sebacamides, polyurethanes, acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers with over 40% acrylonitrile, vinylidene cyanide copolymers, and polyolefins, e.g. polypropylene.  Preferred assistants are triarylphosphates, particularly o-phenyl phenyl bis (phenyl) phosphate, which is especially suitable for use with cellulose triacetate, and tris (o-phenyl phenyl) phosphate which is especially suitable for polyethylene terephthalate; others are specified.  Examples are given.