Patent GB-833430-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of polyolefins by low-pressure catalytic processes and to the preparation of catalysts for use therein
Inventor: GORDON MORRIS
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1955-05-27
Abstract: A Ziegler catalyst of the type in which the two reacting components can be vaporized without decomposition, is made by entraining the vaporizable components in separate streams with a gas, and then commingling the gas streams to deposit the catalyst. The gases used may be nitrogen or other inert gas, but are preferably olefines, e.g. ethylene.  The final composition of the catalyst may be varied by adjusting the flow of gas streams, or the temperature.  In an example, two streams of dry ethylene gas are passed into separate vessels containing titanium tetrachloride and diethyl aluminium chloride maintained at 60 DEG  to 70 DEG  C.  The gases containing entrained vapours are commingled in a heated vessel containing a rotating roller which is water-cooled, and the deposited catalyst is removed from the roller by a doctor blade. The catalyst is then ground and passes by a screw conveyer to a reactor where it is maintained in suspension by a current of nitrogen or ethylene. Ethylene is introduced at a number of points to keep the temperature of the reactor in the range 55 DEG  to 65 DEG  C.  It is stated that the catalyst is more effective when the vaporized components are condensed on a carrier, which may be powdered polyethylene derived from ethylene used as the carrier gas.  Specifications 799,392, 799,823, 801,031, 829,627 and 829,628 are referred to.ALSO:A Ziegler catalyst of the type in which the two reacting components can be vaporized without decomposition, is made by entraining the vaporizable components in separate streams with a gas, and then commingling the gas streams to deposit the catalyst. The gases used may be nitrogen or other inert gas, but are preferably olefines, e.g. ethylene, propylene, butylene or mixtures thereof.  The final composition of the catalyst may be varied by adjusting the flow of gas streams, or the temperature. If the catalyst is deposited in a semisolid form, comminution thereof may be aided by a prepolymerization.  In an example, two streams of dry ethylene gas are passed into separate vessels containing titanium tetrachloride and diethyl aluminium chloride maintained at 60 DEG  to 70 DEG  C. The gases containing entrained vapour are commingled in a heated vessel containing a water-cooled rotating roller from which the catalyst deposit is removed by a doctor blade, and after grinding, is passed by screw conveyer to a polymerizing reactor, and maintained in fluid suspension by a current of nitrogen or ethylene.  Preferably ethylene is introduced at spaced points in the reactor to keep the temperature in the range 55 DEG  to 65 DEG  C.  Alternatively the entrained vapours may be passed through an externally-cooled tube to deposit the catalyst as an internal layer.  The tube then becomes the reactor by passing an olefine through it to form the polymer, which may be recovered by continuous withdrawal of some of the stream containing the polymer dispersed therein.  The catalyst may also be deposited on a carrier, e.g. a powdered polyolefin such as polyethylene.  Specifications 799,392, 799,823, 801,031, 829,627 and 829,628 are referred to.