Patent GB-761985-A (GB)
Title: Polymeric materials
Inventor: EVANS JOHN G
IPC: C08J3/24
Filed: 1953-08-13
Abstract: Phosphorus-containing polymers are obtained by condensing a tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium (THP) salt or tris-hydroxymethyl phosphine oxide (THPO) with a nitrogencontaining polyfunctional compound capable of reaction with formaldehyde and/or an initial reaction product of such a nitrogen compound and an aldehyde.  Suitable nitrogen compounds are those of the formula R1NH2 and R2NH2.NHX and their salts, where R1 is -CN, -NH2, -SO2NH2, -SO2OH or -NHCONHNH2, R2 is NH=C< or O=C<, and X is -CN, -NH2, -CONH2, -C= NH.NH2, -CONHCONH2, -CONHCONH CONH2, -NHCONH2 or -CONHNH2.  Examples are cyanamide, hydrazine, sulphamide, sulphamic acid, carbohydrazide, dicyandiamide, aminoguanidine, guanylurea, biguanide, amino dicyandiamide, cyanourea, semicarbazide, biuret, triuret, tetrauret, biurea and amino biuret.  Other examples are amines, e.g. cetylamine, p-phenylene-diamine, p,p1-diamino-diphenyl methane, benzidine, dodecylamine, b  - naphthylamine, tert. - octylamine, cyclohexylamine, ethylene diamine, aniline, diphenylamine and benzyl ethyl aniline; ammonia and hexamethylene tetramine; and amides such as adipamide, acrylamide, butyramide and phthalic acid diamide.  The THP salts may be the chloride, acetate, phosphate, formate or sulphate.  Aldehydes or substances yielding aldehydes may be included in the reaction, e.g. formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal, acrolein and furfuraldehyde.  In addition to the initial reaction products of aldehydes with the above nitrogen compounds, other aldehyde condensates, e.g. with other amides or amines may be added.  Other substances producing copolymerization, such as methylated methylol melamine and methylated methylolurea, may also be present.  Heating is generally required and solvents, particularly water, are used. When THP salts are used, acid acceptors may be added, e.g. triethanolamine and sodium and calcium carbonates.  The products, which may be liquid or solid, are resistant to fire and are particularly useful for impregnating fabrics to which they impart other improved qualities.  For this purpose, dispersions of the polymers may contain additional substances such as urea-formaldehyde condensates or the monomeric constituents of such condensates: methylated methylol melamine, ammonia and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.  They may also be used, if desired, with other ingredients such as fillers and plasticizers, for moulding, laminating and coating. Specifications 740,269 and 761,195 are referred to.ALSO:Yarns or fabrics are treated with a phosphorus-containing polymer obtained by condensing a tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium salt or tris hydroxymethyl phosphine oxide with a nitrogen-containing polyfunctional compound capable of reaction with formaldehyde and/or an initial reaction product of such a nitrogen compound and an aldehyde.  The treatment provides improved crease-resistance, dimensional stability and handle, and fixation of mechanically produced finishes.  Suitable nitrogen compounds are those of the formulae R1NH2 and R2NH2.NHX, where R1 is -CN, -NH2, -SO2NH2, -SO2OH or -NHCONHNH2, R2 is NH=C< or O=C<, and X is -CN, -NH2 -CONH2 -C=NH.NH2, CONHCONH2, CONHCONH-CONH2, -NHCONH2 or -CONHNH2.  Other examples are amines, ammonia, hexamethylene tetramine and alkyl and aryl amides (see Group IV(a)).  The polymers may be produced in situ on the fibrous material, with or without prior reaction to an intermediate stage. When ammonia is used as the nitrogen compound the polymeric or partially polymeric material may be applied to the fibrous material is suspension in water or in a urea-formaldehyde condensate or dissolved in formaldehyde to which a resin-forming substance, e.g. urea, is added.  In the preparation of the polymers aldehydes or their condensates and copolymerizable substances such as methylated methylol melamine and methylated methylol urea may be added.  Fibres which may be treated are of cotton and regenerated cellulose, wool, silk, regenerated protein and nylon.  The materials may be pretreated with softners, lubricants, dulling or stiffening agents or water-repellents. Specifications 740,269 and 761,195 [both Group IV(a)] are referred to.