Patent GB-713337-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to additives for lubricants
IPC: C10M135/06
Filed: 1951-07-13
Abstract: An additive for lubricating oils (see Group III) is obtained by reacting a sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized rosin, or its immediate acid or ester derivatives or the corresponding hydrogenated, methylated or ethylated derivatives, with from 2 to 100 per cent. by weight, based on the weight of the sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized compound, of a hydrocarbon containing at least one double bond at a temperature of from 60 DEG  to 400 DEG F. for a period of 15 minutes to 20 hours.  A preferred compound to be sulphurized (e.g. by heating with phosphorus pentasulphide with or without sulphiding agents such as H2S and elemental sulphur) is methyl abietate.  Suitable hydrocarbons containing a double bond which may be reacted with the sulphurized or phosphosulphurized compounds included monocyclic or dicyclic terpenes such as turpentine, dipentene, a -pinene and terpinene, and olefins such as isobutylene and diisobutylene.  The reaction stabilizes the sulphurized or phosphosulphurized compound against evolution of H2S at temperatures up to 400 DEG F.ALSO:An additive for lubricating oils (see Group III) is obtained by reacting a sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized organic compound selected from the group of natural oils and fats of animal or vegetable origin, rosins, their immediate acid or ester derivatives or the corresponding hydrogenated, methylated or ethylated derivatives, with from 2 to 100 per cent by weight, based on the weight of the sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized compound, of a hydrocarbon containing at least one double bond at a temperature of from 60 DEG to 400 DEG  F. for a period of 15 minutes to 20 hours.  Preferred compounds to be sulphurized (e.g. by heating with phosphorus pentasulphide with or without sulphiding agents such as H2S and elemental sulphur) include sperm oil, lard oil, tall oil, lanolin, degras (wool fat) and methyl abietate. Suitable hydrocarbons containing a double bond which may be reacted with the sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized compounds include monocyclic or dicyclic terpenes such as turpentine, dipentene, a -pinene and terpinene, and olefins such as isobutylene and diisobutylene.  The reaction stabilizes the sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized compound against evolution of H2S at temperatures up to 400 DEG  F.  In an example a phospho-sulphurized sperm oil containing 0.5 per cent of phosphorus and 6 per cent of sulphur is treated with 10 per cent by weight of dipentene for one hour at 250 DEG  F.ALSO:An additive for lubricating oils is obtained by reacting a sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized organic compound selected from the group of natural oils and fats of animal or vegetable origin, rosins, their immediate acid or ester derivatives or the corresponding hydrogenated, methylated or ethylated derivatives, with from 2 to 100 per cent. by weight, based on the weight of the sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized compound, of a hydrocarbon containing at least one double bond at a temperature of from 60 DEG  to 400 DEG F. for a period of 15 minutes to 20 hours. The additive is employed in minor proportions, preferably from 0.01 to 10 per cent. by weight based on the weight of the total lubricant. Preferred compounds to be sulphurized or phosphosulphurized (e.g. by heating with phosphorus pentasulphide with or without sulphiding agents such as H2S and elemental sulphur) include sperm oil, lard oil, tall oil, lanolin, degras (wool fat) and methyl abietate. Suitable hydrocarbons containing a double bond which may be reacted with the sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized compounds include monocyclic or dicyclic terpenes such as turpentine, dipentene, a -pinene and terpinene, and olefins such as isobutylene and diisobutylene.  The reaction stabilizes the sulphurized or phospho-sulphurized compound against evolution of H2S at temperatures up to 400 DEG F.  The products may be added to mineral base lubricants and to greases and synthetic lubricants.  Other conventional additives such as oxidation inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants and extreme pressure additives may also be included in the compositions.  In an example a phospho-sulphurized sperm oil containing 0.5 per cent. of phosphorus and 6 per cent. of sulphur is treated with 10 per cent. by weight of dipentene for one hour at 250 DEG F.