Patent GB-679462-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in lubricating compositions
IPC: C10M159/12
Filed: 1947-05-07
Abstract: Phospho-sulphurized, phosphorized or sulphurized organic materials are employed as ingredients in lubricating oil p  compositions (see Group III).  Materials mentioned are (i) those obtained by heating one of the following first with sulphur and then with P4S3: lard oil, rapeseed oil, sperm oil, soyabean oil, partially hydrogenated soyabean oil, partially hydrogenated linseed oil, neatsfoot oil, peanut oil, partially hydrogenated tung oil, methyl oleate, methyl ricinoleate, methyl palmitoleate, capryl oleate, capryl ricinoleate, lauryl oleate, lauryl ricinoleate, oleyl oleate, glycol dioleate, glycerol trioleate, naphthenyl oleate, methyl cyclohexyl oleate, phenyl oleate, benzyl ricinoleate, chlorbenzyl oleate, thio-methyl oleate, thioamyl oleate, thio-phenyl oleate, oleyl alcohol, cetene, turpentine, wax unsaturate prepared by dehydrochlorinating chlorinated paraffin wax; (ii) those obtained by heating one of the following first with sulphur and then with P4S7: castor oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, methyl oleate, methyl palmitoleate, phenyl oleate, benzyl oleate; (iii) the phospho-sulphurized lard oil of (i) heated with P4S7; (iv) those obtained by heating one of the following with sulphur: lard oil, rapeseed oil, sperm oil, castor oil, cottonseed oil, partially hydrogenated linseed oil, partially hydrogenated tung oil, methyl oleate, ethyl ricinoleate, butyl oleate, naphthenyl oleate, phenyl oleate, benzyl oleate, thio-methyl oleate, oleyl alcohol, cetene, diisobutylene, wax unsaturate prepared by dehydrochlorinating chlorinated paraffin wax; (v) those obtained by heating one of the following with PCl3: n-butyl alcohol, capryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, sulphurized oleyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, methyl cyclohexanol, propyl cyclohexanol, mixture of methyl cyclohexanol and propyl cyclohexanol, capryl phenol, amyl mercaptan, benzyl mercaptan, lauryl mercapaan, decyl mercaptan, methyl lactate, sulphurized methyl ricinoleate; (vi) those obtained by heating one of the following with P4S3: lard oil, methyl cyclohexanol; and (vii) those obtained by heating one of the following with P4S7: sperm oil, rapeseed oil, partially hydrogenated linseed oil, methyl oleate, propyl oleate, glycol dioleate, n-butyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, capryl phenol, turpentine, caprylene, wax unsaturate prepared by dehydrochlorinating paraffin wax.  Specifications 679,461, 679,464, 679,465 and 679,466 are referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, gives lists of other organic compounds including unsaturated hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, acids, and their salts and esters which may be phosphorized and/or sulphurized.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:A lubricating composition especially suitable for use as a gear lubricant in automotive vehicles comprises a lubricating oil and such proportions of one or more organic compounds with phosphorus and/or sulphur in the molecule that the ratio by weight of total phosphorus in the composition to that portion of the sulphur present in organic compounds containing both phosphorus and sulphur in the molecule lies between 1 : 8 and 1 : 15.  The lubricating oil may be a mineral, animal, vegetable or synthetic oil The composition may comprise lubricating oil and a single phosphorus- and sulphur-containing additive, such as a phospho-sulphurized organic material, or alternatively two additives may be present.  Preferably, however, the composition contains at least three additives, for example (a) a phospho-sulphurized organic material, (b) a separate organic sulphur compound and (c) a separate organic phosphorus compound. The composition may additionally have chemically-combined halogen present therein and may also contain detergents, thickeners, soaps or foam inhibitors.  Phosphorus- and/or sulphur-containing reagents which may be employed in preparing the phosphorus- and sulphur-containing organic material or in altering its phosphorus content are fully listed.  Phospho-sulphurized organic materials mentioned are (i) those obtained by heating one of the following first with sulphur and then with P4S3:-lard oil, rapeseed oil, sperm oil, soyabean oil, partially hydrogenated soyabean oil, partially hydrogenated linseed oil, neatsfoot oil, peanut oil; partially hydrogenated tung oil, methyl oleate, methyl ricinoleate, methyl palmitoleate, capryl oleate, capryl ricinoleate, lauryl oleate, lauryl ricinoleate, oleyl oleate, glycol dioleate, glycerol trioleate, naphthenyl oleate, methyl cyclohexyl oleate, phenyl oleate, benzyl ricinoleate, chlorbenzyl oleate, thio-methyl oleate, thio-amyl oleate, thio-phenyl oleate, oleyl alcohol, cetene, turpentine, wax unsaturate prepared by dehydrochlorinating chlorinated paraffin wax; (ii) those obtained by heating one of the following first with sulphur and then with P4S7:-castor oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, methyl oleate, methyl palmitoleate, phenyl oleate, benzyl oleate; (iii) the phospho-sulphurized lard oil of (i) heated with P4S. organic sulphur compounds which may be employed as ingredient (b) are: (1) those obtained by heating one of the following with sulphur:-lard oil, rapeseed oil, sperm oil, castor oil, cottonseed oil, partially hydrogenated linseed oil, partially hydrogenated tung oil, methyl oleate, ethyl ricinoleate, butyl oleate, naphthenyl oleate, phenyl oleate, benzyl oleate, thio-methyl oleate, oleyl alcohol, cetene, diisobutylene, wax unsaturate prepared by dehydrochlorinating chlorinated paraffin wax; (2) diamyl sulphide or chlor dibenzyl trisulphide; (3) one of the following disulphides:-di-t-butyl, diamyl, diocyl, dilauryl, dibenzyl, chlor dibenzyl, phenyl, dicycl, hexyl, ditolyl; (4) one of the following tri- or tetra-sulphides:-butyl, lauryl, benzyl, xylyl; or (5) one of the following tetrathiophosphates:-triamyl, trilauryl, tribenzyl. Organic phosphorus compounds which may be employed as ingredients (c) are (i) those obtained by heating one of the following with PCl3:-n-butyl alcohol, capryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, sulphurized oleyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, methyl cyclohexanol, propyl cyclohexanol, mixture of methyl cyclohexanol and propyl cyclohexanol, capryl phenol, amyl mercaptan, benzyl mercaptan, lauryl mercaptan, decyl mercaptan, methyl lactate, sulphurized methyl ricinoleate; (ii) those obtained by heating one of the following with P4S3:-lard oil, methyl cyclohexanol; (iii) those obtained by heating one of the following with P4S7:-sperm oil, rapeseed oil, partially hydrogenated linseed oil, methyl oleate, propyl oleate, glycol di-oleate, n-butyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, capryl phenol, turpentine, caprylene, wax unsaturate prepared by dehydrochlorinating paraffin wax.  Halogen compounds which may be present as an ingredient of the composition in order to introduce chemically combined halogen are (1) chlornation products of one of the following:-stearic acid, phenyl stearic acid, kerosene, paraffin wax or (2) one of the following:-hexachlor diphenyl ether, trichlor diphenyl ether, unsum. di-(p-chlorphenyl) dichlorethylene, o-dichlorbenzene, methyl dichlorstearate.  Detergents mentioned are the calcium salts of mahogany acids while foam inhibitors mentioned are the silicone polymer known commercially as Dow Corning 200 and the chlorination product of this silicone polymer.  The Specification contains 22 examples of suitable compositions.  Specifications 679,461, 679,464, 679,465 and 679,466 and U.S.A.  Specification 2,042,880 are referred to.