baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1077551-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the control of steam generators
Inventor: DINES CHARLES EDWARD
IPC: F23N1/02
Filed: 1964-04-07
Abstract: 1,077,551. Fluid-pressure servomotor systems. ELLIOTT BROTHERS (LONDON) Ltd. April 2, 1965 [April 7, 1964], No.14347/64. Heading G3P. The ratio of oil and air flows to the furnace 2 of a steam generator 1 is controlled automatically over a limited range of high loading by differential-pressure measuring devices 9, 12 which determine the oil and air flow in the oilsupply 8 and air-supply passages respectively, and control below the said range of loading is effected automatically in dependence upon measurements made of the oil and air flows at the burners 3 and associated air ports 4, the latter measurements being of the oil pressure at the burner and the air pressure across the air port. In the embodiment shown, a force-balance transmitter 16 transmits a signal proportional to the flow through the air ports to a relay 24 having an integral action, and a pressure signal at 11 proportional to the flow through the burner is transmitted to a similar relay 21. The relays 21, 24 transmit signals b, e, respectively to control an oil valve 10 and an air valve 13. The setpoint signals for relays 21, 24 derive from a proportional and integral relay 19 responsive to steam pressure in line 17, the latter relay providing a set point signal a which is transmitted via an auto/hand control 20 directly to relay 21 . and via a ratio-adjustment device 22 and correcting device 23 to relay 24. A force-balance transmitter 26 transmits a set-point signal f proportional to oil flow in supply pipe 8 to a further integral relay 25, the latter also receiving a "controlled-value" signal g from a differential-pressure measuring device 12 in the air line. The output signal h from relay 25 is transmitted to the correcting device 23. In operation at low loads, a signal i, which may be electrical and which derives from means sensing the boiler load or the number of burners lit, is applied to connecting device 23 and renders signal h ineffective, thereby causing device 23 to have no effect on signal c. Thus the oil-air ratio is maintained at a value determined by device 22, the oil and air valves being actuated by pressure signals from points 11 and 16. Since the set-point signals for relays 21, 24 derive from the steam pressure via relay 19, the latter will operate to control the effective oil and air pressures to maintain the steam pressure constant. When the boiler is on high load, signal i allows signal h to be added or subtracted from signal c and control of the air-fuel ratio is dependent upon relay 25 which may be adjusted at 28 to vary the ratio. Signal e may be used to adjust the air valve and/or the speed of fan 6.
Patent GB-1249925-A (GB)
Title: Method for fabricating integrated circuit arrays
Inventor: CANNING MICHAEL LEO
IPC: H01L21/82
Filed: 1969-03-19
Abstract: 1,249,925. Integrated circuits. TEXAS INSTRUMENTS Inc. 19 March, 1969 [25 June, 1968], No. 14377/69. Heading H1K. After a first pattern of metallisation has been formed over an insulating layer on an integrated circuit wafer, a pattern of metallisation comprising testing pads is formed on a superposed insulating layer and makes connection to the first pattern. Electrical tests are then carried out to identify components up to specification and these are suitably interconnected by further metallisation. Typically a memory system consisting of four sections each containing sixty sixteen-bit words, part only of which is shown in Figs. 1 and 7, is built up in this way. Initially rows of transistors 12a-12p, 14a-14p and 16a -16p and word driver circuits 13-17 are formed by epitaxial and/or diffusion processes in a silicon wafer. An oxide passivating layer is then photo-etched and aluminium deposited thereon and pattern etched to connect the transistors as shown. Next a further oxide layer is deposited and apertured and an overall deposit of aluminium pattern-etched to provide testing pads electrically connected to points on the first level of interconnections, together with bus bars 69. An automatic 3-point probe is then indexed over the wafer to sequentially test the transistors for ability to represent a logic 1 and for leakage etc. The test results are stored on magnetic tape which is then fed to a computer which produces a slice map and computes therefrom in digital form an appropriate interconnection pattern for the required circuit. This is converted to analogue form and fed to the deflection plates of a CRT the display of which is photographed to form a discretionary interconnection mask. Then aluminium is deposited over the slice, a photoresist pattern formed with the aid of the mask and etching effected to form the interconnections, some of which, 86, 88 etc. are shown in Fig. 7. After further testing the device is packaged and re-tested. In the described arrangement the memory elements are single bipolar transistors junction isolated in an epitaxial silicon layer but different semiconductor materials and methods of isolation and testing can be used as can more complicated memory elements comprising resistors, capacitors, JUGFET's, IGFET's and TFT's.
Patent GB-951125-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to periscopes
Inventor: ELLINGER JOHN HENRY
IPC: G02B23/24
Filed: 1961-04-21
Abstract: 951,125. Viewing equipment for reactors. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. April 16, 1962 [April 21, 1961], No. 14607/61. Heading B4Q. [Also in Division G2] A periscope has a stepped outer wall 3 integral with the wall 1 of a pressure vessel enclosing a nuclear reactor, the wall 3 being sealed at 5 to a tube 7. Concentric with tube 7 is a telescoping tube 10, which carries object prism A, imageforming lenses 16a, 16b and a condenser system 27 and is stepped at 11 to provide an annular shoulder. A controlled leakage path is provided at the end 10b of tube 10 so that the pressure therewithin approximates that within the pressure vessel 1 and when tube 10 is retracted a seal is formed between tube end 10b and a shoulder 10d on end flange 5 of wall 3. Tube 10 is advanced or retracted by application of pressure fluid from a source 13 to the space 10c or shoulder 11 as required. The lenses 16a, 16b and a lens 16c, supported from a window 15 closing the end of tube 7, project an image of the field of view through the window 15, optical wedges 17a, 17b, and lens system 18 to a television camera 22, forming part of a closed circuit system suitable for stereo vision. The wedges are relatively rotated as by synchros to select a radial section of the field of view and then rotated together to move the field at the selected radius about the axis, the lens system 18 then being adjusted as by a solenoid motor to a higher magnification. Illumination of the field of view may be provided by an electronic flash 23, the light from which is transmitted as by quartz rods 25, 26. A cooling system, e.g. as described in Specification 933,822, may be included.
Patent GB-1417614-A (GB)
Title: Power plant
IPC: F23R3/40
Filed: 1973-03-27
Abstract: 1417614 Gas turbine engines NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 27 March 1973 [1 April 1972 25 April 1972] 14754/73 Heading FIG A gas turbine engine comprises a casing 14 internally divided by a catalyst 22 to form a feed chamber receiving hydrogen peroxide, and a combustion chamber 20 into which the steam and oxygen formed by exothermic catalytic decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide is fed to combust with liquid fuel 32 fed via a nozzle 34a, the combustion products then being directed against the blading 52 of the turbine. As shown, the combustion products pass through a Venturi portion 48 into flow passages 50, and cooling air is drawn into the hot gases through an inlet 56 in the Venturi portion. Turbines 30, 42 driven by the decomposition products of the hydrogen peroxide drive pumps 24, 36 feeding the hydrogen peroxide and fuel respectively. Valves 16, 46 controlling the supply of hydrogen peroxide and the venting of the decomposition products respectively, are themselves controlled in response to torque demand. Again, Fig. 2 (not shown), the air nozzle 56 and fuel pump 36 together with its associated parts are omitted, and a throttle valve (66) controls the fuel feed. Also, an energy storing flywheel (70) is coupled to the engine through a centrifugal clutch (74). A speed sensor on the flywheel shaft controls valves 16 and (66) to close the valves when the speed exceeds a predetermined value. The flywheel drives a vehicle multi-speed transmission (88) through a fluid coupling (86). In Fig. 3 (not shown), the flywheel shaft drives an electric generator (98) connected to an electric motor (104) driving the vehicle wheels. A battery (108) is connected to the motor and the generator to store excess electrical energy and to provide additional energy for the motor during vehicle acceleration. The gas turbine engine may alternatively be utilized in driving ships, aircraft, external electrical generators, emergency electrical power sources and/or portable electrical generators.
Patent GB-989699-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for use in producing duplicate or manifold copies of written, typewritten or printed matter
Inventor: JOHNSTONE WILLIAM PEENY
IPC: B41J17/24
Filed: 1963-04-16
Abstract: 989,699. Web-feedirig arrangements. PERCY BOYDEN & CO. Ltd. April 7, 1964 [April 16, 1963], No. 14758/63. Addition to 932,743. Headings B6B and B6F. An apparatus for feeding two or more webs of paper in a superposed relation to the platen of the traversable carriage of a manifolding machine comprises a paper roll carrying framework 1, Fig. 1, adapted to be secured to the base of the manifolding machine to the rear of the latter and provided with a plurality of spindles 3 carrying rolls 4 of paper webs P and a pair of guide members. One of said guide members includes a guide roller 7 the internal diameter of which being substantially greater than the diameter of a rod 6, Fig. 2, about which the roller is rotatable, so that the longitudinal axis of the roller is tiltable with respect to the rod. To this end the roller is provided with a portion 8 of reduced diameter having a knife edge 9 which engages in a groove 10 of the rod 6 or which may be located between sleeves (not shown) on the rod 6. Alternatively the roller may be provided internally with a self-aligning ball-bearing (not shown). The other guide includes a roller 19 mounted slidably and rotatably on a rod 18 capable of limited up and down rocking movement about a pin 15 supporting a rotatably mounted bush 17 carrying said rod 18.
Patent GB-325175-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for laying tile drains
IPC: E02F5/10
Filed: 1929-05-11
Abstract: 325,175. Henderson, G., and Henderson, W. M. May 11, 1929. Laying pipes.-Drain tiles are laid in mole drains 4 by a flexible, haulage member, such as a wire rope 5, provided with a plurality of drivers 6 arranged at intervals, each driver having pawls 7 engaging with the rearmost tile of a train thereof which is threaded on the rope. The rope is hauled by a hollow sheath 11 which encloses the forward end of the foremost tile in the leading train and is connected to a mole pilot tool 3 carried by a movable coulter 1, while the pawls 7 are pivotally mounted in notches 8 in the driver and are free to swing clear of the tiles on retrogade movement thereof. Specification 312,784, [Class 6 (i), Cultivating implements &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-274253-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to variable capacity electric condensers
IPC: H01G5/06
Filed: 1926-06-11
Abstract: 274,253. Preen, A. June 11, 1926. Condensers have a single bearing 1 in the form of a threaded sleeve the bore of which is expanded at one end conoidally, as at 1<a>, to engage a similar part on the enlarged part 3a of the shaft, both conoidal surfaces being lined with friction metal to ensure a drag on the shaft. On to the end 3b of the shaft are screwed a lock nut 6 and sleeve 4 between which and the bearing 1 is a spring washer 5; thrusts on both ends of the bearing are thus taken up. The fixed vanes 7 are mounted on a support 7<a> insulated from a bracket 8 which supports the bearing. A pin 9 on the shaft plays between stops 10 on the bracket to limit the movement of the vanes and also clamps one end of a flexible conducting wire or spring 11 in a hole 12, the other end of the wire or spring being connected to a pin 13 on the bracket and thence to one of the terminals 14. If desired, both ends of the bearing element and the adjacent abutments may have conoidal bearing surfaces,
Patent GB-733736-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic collecting devices for fractions of a liquid
IPC: G01N1/18
Filed: 1953-05-27
Abstract: 733,736. Filling-apparatus. GRASSMANN, W. May 27, 1953 [May 27, 1952], No. 14790/53. Class 125 (2). [Also in Group XL (b)] In a continuous filling process a beam of light reflected by the meniscus of the liquid in a filled collector vessel operates a switching mechanism through a light sensitive device to replace the first collector by a record. As shown, in a chromatographic process in which successive equal volumes of an eluate must be collected and analysed the liquid drips from a capillary tube 19 into one of a number of containers 10 supported in a plate 8 and resting on a ring 11. Plate and ring are rotatable together by means of a clockwork mechanism and gearing 15. A beam of light from a source (not shown) passes through the container positioned beneath the capillary tube to a photo-electric cell and is interrupted by the meniscus of the liquid at a certain level. When the interruption occurs the photo-electric cell operates a device 21 which releases the disc which is rotated by the clockwork drive until the next container is positioned beneath the capillary tube. In order that drops of liquid shall not interrupt the light beam a glass insert 23, Fig. 3, is provided which rests in the top of the container and causes the drops to flow evenly down the side of the container. In one modification the photo-cell is positioned below the container, the curved bottom of the container acting to focus light on to it. In another, the light source is situated below the container and the photo-cell to one side. The containers may be positioned accurately as to height by means of a transparent member situated below ring 11. The ring is apertured for each container which rides over the curved member below which is situated the light source or photo-cell.
Patent GB-513346-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to bearings for members having rotatory axes of precision
IPC: F16C19/12
Filed: 1938-05-18
Abstract: 513,346. Bearings ; ball-jointed hinges. POLLARD, A. F. C. May 18, 1938, No. 14811. [Class 12 (i)] [Also in Group XXV] Two members are relatively constrained to rotate with accuracy about the geometric line joining the centres of two spheres, or part spherical surfaces, each of which engages under spring pressure a bearing surface having a three-point sliding contact along small circles of the corresponding sphere or spherical surface. As shown, members 1, 2, Fig. 2, relatively turn on balls 6 engaging the edges of aligned holes formed in the members. The edge of each hole is cut away so that it contacts a ball at three spaced points. The lug 5 having one of the holes is elastic and the amount of displacement of the lug is limited by a rigid lug 7. The lug 5 may be replaced by a spring-urged plunger mounted in the member 2. Foreign matter is excluded by felt washers 9 enclosed in thin metal tubing, or by thin sheet metal washers. The ends of the holes in the members 2 may be plugged as at 8. One or both balls 6 may be fixed to, or made integral with, one of the members 1, 2. The three point support may be formed by three projections or balls formed or secured to the members 1, 2. In another modification, Fig. 7, the sphere or spherical surface contacts three spaced balls capable of rolling on a race track fixed to one of the members.
Patent GB-1432531-A (GB)
Title: Ionization fire alarms
IPC: G08B17/10
Filed: 1974-04-03
Abstract: 1432531 Ionization chambers CERBERUS AG 3 April 1974 [3 April 1973] 14840/74 Heading H1D A fire-detector device includes an ionization chamber 6 accessible to the air, at least one radio-active source 9, 10 for ion generation, and two spaced electrodes 7, 8, the ion current therebetween being reduced in the presence of smoke or combustion aerosols, the radio-active source(s) producing ionizing regions that include a portion R only of the space between the electrodes, ion current normally flowing between a portion only of the electrode surfaces and the electrodes extending from the ionization region in the direction of possible air flow through a distance equal to at least five times (e.g 10-20) their separation. The extended electrodes ensure that ions may still reach the electrodes despite air flow. Fig. 2A includes air duct 4, fan 5, short range α or # radiators, e.g. tritium-containing foils, or Ni<SP>63</SP>, Kr<SP>85</SP>, or Am<SP>241</SP>, the range being preferably reduced by an absorbing covering, electrodes 7, 8 preferably being impermeable to air ions and 2 cms. apart, projections 11, limiting ionization extension, and sharp bent edges 12 producing increased field strength to enhance electron capture. Part-cylindrical electrodes are preferred for circular cross-section ducts (Fig. 2B, not shown), or alternatively a wire or pin (14) within a tubular sheath (13), (Fig. 2C, not shown), with single radio-active source (15). Residual ions may be collected by grids (16), (17) (Fig. 2D, not shown). The detector may be used in air ducts with forced air flow or where air flows by convection, the detector then having disc-shaped electrodes (28, 29) (e.g. #1 cm. separation and preferably >10 cm. diameter) with centrally located radio-active source (31) as an annular foil (Figs. 3A, 3B, not shown). To base (20) with an alarm indicator device (e.g. LED 21), the unit is releasably secured by electrical contacts (23) and is built on insulating plate (24) with housing (25) and grid (26) as side walls for air passage, central insulator electrode support (27) and support pegs (32), and a 2 cm. diameter ionized zone R. Bent edges, added pins, or annular projections (33) or grid (26), electrically charged, increase edge efficiency. Leakage-path ribs (34) may be provided (Figs. 3C, 3D) and one electrode may be secured to pegs (32) (Fig. 3D) to improve insulation. The radio-active source may be a ring sunk in a groove in an electrode (Fig. 3D), post (27) may have a central bore with a connection between electrode (29) and fieldeffect transistor (35) or other voltage-sensitive device on plate (24) and preferably encapsulated. Voltages and air speeds are exemplified. Spacings and potentials may be such that operation is at the beginning of, or just below, the saturation range. Operation may be within the saturation region for air ions but not for charged heavy particles. Reduction of ion current from blowing out of the chamber may be compensated by reduced recombination due to wind effects.
Patent GB-244653-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in windows
IPC: E06B3/50
Filed: 1925-06-08
Abstract: 244,653. Drew, G., and Chandler, W. S. June 8, 1925. Hinged-sliding windows. -A hinged-sliding window has two sashes 17 each carried on two hinges, one cranked member 11 of each hinge being connected by a screwed pin 12 and studs, passing through a slot in the pulley style, to a cord holder 7 having an eye 8 through which the sash cord is passed and knotted. Part of the inside bead is removable opposite the hinges to allow the sashes to rotate.
Patent GB-741111-A (GB)
Title: Electrodeposition of metal from alkaline cyanide bath
Inventor: LONG HERBERT KENNETH DE
IPC: C25D3/02
Filed: 1953-05-28
Abstract: 741,111. Electrodeposition of copper, silver and gold. DOW CHEMICAL CO. May 28, 1953, No. 14930/53. Class 41. In a method of electrodepositing copper, silver or gold upon magnesium and its alloys from a solution having a pH of 9 to 13 and containing a cyanide or complex cyanide of copper, silver or gold and from 2 to 5 grams per litre of cyanide ion, provided by an alkali metal cyanide, the solution also contains 1 to 100 grams per litre of an alkali metal fluoride or ammonium fluoride. Potassium fluoride or ammonium bifluoride (NH 4 F.HF) may be used. Examples of baths are given which include Rochelle salt, potassium hydroxide, sodium thiocyanate, sodium and potassium carbonates, potassium nitrate and betaine. The baths may contain sodium or potassium cyanide. The magnesium or its alloy may first be immersed in a solution containing sodium pyrophosphate, zinc sulphate, potassium fluoride and potassium carbonate, to coat it (non-electrolytically) with a deposit of zinc, as described in Specification 656,814. The zinc layer may first be given a strike of copper or silver before the coating of copper, silver or gold is applied. A copper strike bath contains copper cyanide, sodium cyanide, carbonate and thiosulphate, and Rochelle salt.
Patent GB-915452-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of aluminium-coated surfaces
IPC: C23C4/08
Filed: 1960-04-28
Abstract: The corrosion resistance of an aluminium coating on a ferrous metal surface is improved by subjecting the coating to a heat-treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 690-800 DEG  C. for a period of 3-8 minutes and sufficient to change the colour of the coating to a shade of grey having a photometric density of 0.1-2.0, said photometric density being measured at ambient temperature after the coating has been treated with liquid paraffin.  The aluminium coating may be applied by spraying and preferably has a thickness of 0.1-0.4 mm.  Heat-treatment is preferably effected in air.  The coatings may subsequently be provided with a layer of paraffin wax, carnauba wax or beeswax by dipping in the molten wax, or may be coated with polyethylene by hot spraying or with other synthetic resins such as polyesters, polyamides and epoxy resins.
Patent GB-1460353-A (GB)
Title: Pyridine insecticides
IPC: C07D213/34
Filed: 1974-04-04
Abstract: 1460353 Insectieidal application of pyridine derivative SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV 4 April 1974 [6 April 1973 25 Jan 1974] 15013/74 Heading A5E [Also in Division C2] Synergistic insecticidal compositions comprise sesamex and a novel pyridine derivative of formulae: wherein R<SP>1</SP> is hydrogen or methyl and R is C 1-6  alkyl, allyl or methoxymethyl. [Table III].
Patent GB-669491-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric resistance heating elements
IPC: H05B3/16
Filed: 1949-06-04
Abstract: 669,491. Electric heating resistances. PREMIER ELECTRIC HEATERS, Ltd., and TAYLOR, H. T. June 5, 1950 [June 4, 1949], No. 15053/49. Class 39(iii) In a heater, e.g. an immersion heater, comprising resistance wire wound helically on a mica strip core covered on each side by a mica spacer strip and inserted in a long, flattened metal sheath, the mica strip forming the core or spacer comprises short rectangular pieces 18 of mica each having a side slit 15 and an opening 17 so that a tongue 16 on one piece passes through the opening 17 in the next piece whereby the pieces interengage and overlap so that at least one thickness of mica free from openings is provided in the composite strip adjacent the heating wire. The' opening 17 is a closed slot approximately parallel to the longitudinal edge of the mica piece 18 and as long as the width of the tongue 16, being so arranged that adjacent pieces overlap for two-thirds of their length, so that when assembled the composite strip comprises three thicknesses of mica, except at its ends, which are trimmed off.