Patent GB-750813-A (GB)
Title: Lubricant composition
IPC: C10M151/02
Filed: 1953-09-15
Abstract: A lubricant composition comprises a major proportion of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor proportion of a copolymer of (A) an amide or amine salt having the general formula <FORM:0750813/IV(a)/1> wherein the R1's are hydrogen atoms or methyl groups, and R2 is a radical having the structure <FORM:0750813/IV(a)/2> wherein the R3's represent hydrogen atoms or monovalent organic radicals and the R4's represent organic radicals which are substituted by one or more amino, hydroxy, mercapto or nitro polar groups; and (B) an oil-solubilizing compound having at least one ethylenic linkage together with at least one substituent group of 4 to 30 aliphatic carbon atoms, there being present in the copolymer from 1 to 15 units of compound (B) for each monomer unit of compound (A).  The amine salts and amides of the general formula (A), of which there are numerous examples provided, are those of acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic and tiglic acids.  Compounds of type (B) specified are mono-olefines, diolefines, ethers, and esters of both unsaturated acids and alcohols.  The copolymers may be prepared by the polymerization of the monomers by bulk, solution or emulsion methods, in the presence of catalysts such as benzoyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, tert.-butyl hydroperoxide, di-tert.-butyl peroxide, di-tert.-amyl peroxide, 1,11-azodicyclohexane carbonitrile, or alpha, alpha1-azodiisobutyronitrile.  Alternatively the copolymers may be prepared by polymerization of monomers other than those which finally compose the copolymer, followed by suitable after-treatment of the copolymer so formed, for example (1) a copolymer made from an acid monomer, such as maleic anhydride and an amide or amine salt monomer may be esterified with a long chain alcohol; (2) in a copolymer made from an acid monomer, such as crotonic acid, and a long-chain oil solubilizing monomer the acid groups may be reacted with an amine to form amine salt or amide groups; and (3) a polymeric ester, such as polydodecyl methacrylate, may be partially hydrolysed and the liberated carboxyl groups converted to amine salt or amide form.  The copolymers may be used as additives to hydrocarbon lubricating oils or to synthetic oils such as alkylated waxes, hydrogenated polymers of hydrocarbons, the condensation products of chlorinated alkyl hydrocarbons with aryl compounds, polymers of ethylene and/or propylene oxides and their esterification and etherification products, and di(ethylhexyl)sebacate.ALSO:A lubricant composition comprises a major proportion of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor proportion of a copolymer of (A) an amide or amine salt having the general formula:- <FORM:0750813/III/1> wherein the R1's are hydrogen atoms or methyl groups, and R2 is a radical having the structure <FORM:0750813/III/2> wherein the R3's represent hydrogen atoms or monovalent organic radicals and the R4's represent organic radicals which are substituted by one or more amino, hydroxy, mercapto or nitro polar groups, and (B) an oil-solubilizing compound having at least one ethylenic linkage together with at least one substituted group of 4 to 30 aliphatic carbon atoms, there being present in the copolymer from 1 to 15 units of compound (B) for each monomer unit of compound (A).  The amine salts and amides of the general formula (A), of which there are numerous examples provided, are those of acrylic methacrylic. crotonic and tiglic acids. Compounds of type (B) specified are monoolefines, diolefines, ethers, and esters of both unsaturated acids and alcohols.  The copolymers may be used as additives to hydrocarbon lubricating oils or to synthetic oils such as alkylated waxes, hydrogenated polymers of hydrocarbons, the condensation products of dichlorinated alkyl hydrocarbons with aryl compounds, polymers of ethylene and/or propylene oxides and their esterification and etherification products, and di(ethylhexyl) sabacate.  The lubricant composition may also contain additional ingredients such as pour point depressants oiliness and extreme pressure agents, antioxidants, corrosion inhibiting agents, blooming agents, thickening agents, viscosity index improvers, and auxiliary detergents and anti-wear agents.