baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-2116840-B1 (ES)
Title: Valvula termostatica sanitaria.
Inventor: WEINMANN WERNER
IPC: G05D23/13
Filed: 1994-06-03
Granted: 1999-03-01
Abstract: VALVULA TERMOSTATICA SANITARIA EN LA QUE VA DISPUESTO EN UNA CARCASA (1) DE ACCESORIO DE GRIFERIA, DE UNA MANERA EN SI CONOCIDA, UN MIEMBRO DE TERMOSTATO (25) CUYO ORGANO DE SALIDA (66) SOLICITA A UN ELEMENTO DE REGULACION (30). LA POSICION AXIAL DEL ELEMENTO DE REGULACION (30) CON RESPECTO A UN ASIENTO (32) PARA AGUA FRIA Y UN ASIENTO (33) PARA AGUA CALIENTE DETERMINA LA PROPORCION DE MEZCLA DEL AGUA MEZCLADA SALIENTE. PARA LOGRAR UN COMPORTAMIENTO DE REGULACION ESTABLE EN EL CASO DE UNA CONEXION DE LOS CANALES (2, 3) DE ADMISION DE AGUA NO AJUSTADA A LA NORMA, SE HA PREVISTO UN DISPOSITIVO (67) QUE INVIERTE LA DIRECCION DE MOVIMIENTO DEL ORGANO DE SALIDA (66) DEL MIEMBRO DE TERMOSTATO (25) Y UNICAMENTE ENTONCES TRANSMITE DICHO MOVIMIENTO AL ELEMENTO DE REGULACION (30). EL ELEMENTO DE REGULACION (30) Y EL ORGANO DE SALIDA (66) DEL MIEMBRO DE TERMOSTATO (25) SE MUEVEN DE ESTA MANERA SIEMPRE EN SENTIDOS CONTRARIOS.
Patent ES-2110355-B1 (ES)
Title: Procedimiento para la obtencion de un oxido de cinc de alta pureza mediante lixiviacion de oxido waelz con disoluciones de carbonato anomico.
Inventor: ALGUACIL PRIEGO FRANCISCO JOSE
IPC: C22B7/00
Filed: 1995-03-28
Granted: 2001-06-16
Abstract: PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA OBTENCION DE UN OXIDO DE CINC DE ALTA PUREZA MEDIANTE LIXIVIACION DE OXIDO WAELZ CON DISOLUCIONES DE CARBONATO AMONICO. LA PRESENTE INVENCION APROVECHA EL ALTO CONTENIDO EN CINC DEL OXIDO WAELZ, 40-60%, COMO MATERIA PRIMA PARA LA OBTENCION DE UN OXIDO DE CINZ DE ALTA PUREZA, EL EFECTO COMPLEJANTE DEL CARBONATO AMONICO, RESPECTO AL CINC PRINCIPALMENTE, Y LA FACILIDAD CON QUE ESTE AGENTE DE LIXIVIACION PUEDE SER REGENERADO Y RECICLADO A UNA ETAPA POSTERIOR DE LIXIVIACION.
Patent ES-2112779-B1 (ES)
Title: Potenciometro perfeccionado.
Inventor: CASCAN GRAVALOS SANTIAGO
IPC: H01C10/34
Filed: 1995-11-29
Granted: 1998-11-01
Abstract: POTENCIOMETRO PERFECCIONADO, CONSTITUIDO POR UN ELEMENTO POTENCIOMETRO QUE SE ALOJA EN UN CUERPO DE ANCLAJE, EL CUAL CONLLEVA EN LOS EXTREMOS DE SUS PAREDES UNA PLURALIDAD DE PATILLAS, CAPACES DE SER DEFORMADAS ANGULARMENTE PARA RETENER AL ELEMENTO POTENCIOMETRO, INTEGRANDOSE TAMBIEN, UN EJE DE MANDO QUE SE CARACTERIZA PORQUE EN EL EXTREMO DE INSERCION, SE HA PREVISTO UNA ACANALADURA QUE PROPORCIONA DOS PATILLAS ELASTICAS, LAS CUALES, AL SER ACERCADAS PERMITEN LA EXTRACCION Y SUSTITUCION DEL REFERIDO EJE DE MANDO. TAMBIEN SE CARACTERIZA AL ELEMENTO POTENCIOMETRO PORQUE EN EL SISTEMA DE CONTACTAR LA PISTA RESISTIVA CON LOS EXTREMOS DE LOS TERMINALES CORRESPONDIENTES, SE HAN PREVISTO DOS O MAS PROTUBERANCIAS QUE ACTUAN A MODO DE MUELLES, AL TIEMPO QUE LOS TERMINALES, CONLLEVAN INSERTA UNA ENTALLA, QUE FACILITA EL DOBLADO Y REDUCE EL EFECTO DE RECUPERACION.
Patent ES-2143332-B1 (ES)
Title: Procedimiento para efectuar derivaciones en conducciones de fluidos, bajo presion.
Inventor: HOMBRAVELLA ABBAD MARCELO
IPC: F16L19/08
Filed: 1996-02-12
Granted: 2000-12-01
Abstract: Procedimiento para efectuar derivaciones en conducciones de fluidos, bajo presión, mediante el cual se puede conectar el tubo de derivación directamente a la tubería de la red sin necesidad de utilizar accesorios intermedios, que comprende un collarín (22) que se sujeta sobre la tubería de la red por alguno de los sistemas tradicionales, con la particularidad de que la mitad superior de dicho collarín dispone de una rendija (22b) que permite la introducción de una espátula (12) y presenta un diseño apto para recibir en su interior una junta múltiple (1) apta para hacer estanqueidad con la tubería y la espátula (12), y una junta preferentemente tórica (2) que hace estanqueidad con el tubo de derivación (13), disponiendo el antedicho collarín en su parte superior una junta preferentemente tórica (3) apta para asegurar la estanqueidad con el tubo de derivación, una abrazadera (4), una arandela (5) que separa la junta tórica y la abrazadera, una tuerca (6) y una junta preferentemente tórica (7)que permite una doble garantía de estanqueidad cuando el conjunto está montado.
Patent ES-2114498-B1 (ES)
Title: Nucleos de polilisina ramificados con peptidos relacionados con el virus a de la hepatitis.
Inventor: HARO VILLAR ISABEL
IPC: C07K14/10
Filed: 1996-06-21
Granted: 1999-02-01
Abstract: NUCLEOS DE POLILISINA RAMIFICADOS CON PEPTIDOS RELACIONADOS CON EL VIRUS A DE LA HEPATITIS. EL OBJETO DE LA PRESENTE INVENCION CONSISTE EN LA SINTESIS DE ESTRUCTURAS PEPTIDICAS RAMIFICADAS FORMADAS POR LAS SECUENCIAS (11-25 Y 110-121) DE LAS PROTEINAS VP1 Y VP3 DE LA CAPSIDE DEL VIRUS DE LA HEPATITIS A, RESPECTIVAMENTE. ESTAS SINTESIS ESTAN BASADAS EN LA FORMACION PREVIA DE UN NUCLEO DE LISINAS (DI, TETRA U OCTAVALENTE) QUE PERMITE, MEDIANTE UNA ESTRATEGIA ADECUADA DE SINTESIS ORTOGONAL, LA INTRODUCCION PASO A PASO DE LOS AMINOACIDOS CONSTITUYENTES DE DOS SECUENCIAS PEPTIDICAS DISTINTAS, OBTENIENDOSE DE ESTE MODO ESTRUCTURAS MACROMOLECULARES HETEROGENEAS. EL OBJETO DE ESTAS SINTESIS TIENE APLICACION EN EL DISEÑO DE VACUNAS QUIMICAS Y/O EN EL DESARROLLO DE SISTEMAS DE DIAGNOSTICO DE LA HEPATITIS A.
Patent ES-2128960-B1 (ES)
Title: Derivados de fluorofenil-triazinas y pirimidinas compuestos farmacologicamente activos en el sistema nervioso central.
Inventor: TORRENS JOVER ANTONI
IPC: C07D253/075
Filed: 1996-12-05
Granted: 2000-01-16
Abstract: Derivados de fluorofenil-triazinas y pirimidinas compuestos farmacológicamente activos en el sistema nervioso central.La presente invención se refiere a nuevos compuestos derivados de m-fluorofeniltriazinas y m-fluorofenilpirimidinas tetra o pentahalogenados en el anillo bencénico y sus sales fisiológicamente aceptables de fórmula general I, a los procedimientos para su preparación, y a su utilización como medicamentos, así como a las composiciones farmacéuticas que los contienen. Los compuestos objeto de la invención pueden ser igualmente utilizados en la industria farmacéutica como intermediarios y en la preparación de medicamentos. Estos compuestos presentan ciertas actividades farmacológicas interesantes, y en particular han mostrado ser inhibidores de la liberación del glutamato en el sistema nervioso central (SNC).
Patent ES-2123460-B1 (ES)
Title: Metodo para la preparacion de antibioticos beta-lactama.
Inventor: CAUWENBERG VEERLE
IPC: C12P35/04
Filed: 1997-04-08
Granted: 1999-10-01
Abstract: Método para la preparación de antibióticos b -lactama mediante acilación enzimática de un derivado aminoácido y un compuesto amino- b -lactama, a un pH en que el antibiótico b -lactama está bien soluble, y en que del flujo de producto remanente después de la acilación, -mediante una modificación pH- se precipita y se separa el antibiótico b -lactama y se somete la mezcla acuosa remanente a electrodiálisis a un pH de entre 2 y 8. (Figura 1)
Patent ES-2157141-B1 (ES)
Title: Estrucura protectora perfeccionada aplicable para la proteccion, escamoteado y almacenaje de contenedores de residuos en general.
Inventor: MARTINEZ CRAVIOTTO ARACELI
IPC: B65F1/14
Filed: 1998-05-14
Granted: 2002-02-16
Abstract: Estructura protectora perfeccionada aplicable para la protección, escamoteado y almacenaje de contenedores de residuos en general, que consiste en un cuerpo prismático (2), opcionalmente configurado como un cuerpo que adopta cualquier forma acorde con la estructura de los contenedores (20) y (20'') incorporados en su zona interna, la cual estará fabricada en un material ignífugo, y que opcionalmente puede presentar compartimentaciones dimanadas de tabiquería interna (10) y (10'') y (10''''), disponiendo de puertas (5), (6) y (6''), opcionalmente de un número mayor, y contando con zonas de acceso al interior (4), (7) y (7''), opcionalmente en un número mayor, las cuales presentan trampillas de accionamiento automático (9) y (9''), de carácter hermetizante, contando el cuerpo (2) en su zona superior con medios de enganche para su transporte (3), disponiendo las puertas (5), (6) y (6'') de elementos de cierre normalizados (8).
Patent ES-2149700-B1 (ES)
Title: Maquina recogedora recicladora de plasticos agrarios.
Inventor: ROLDAN MARQUEZ MANUEL
IPC: A01G13/02
Filed: 1998-08-11
Granted: 2001-05-16
Abstract: Máquina recogedora recicladora de plásticos agrarios. Se presenta una máquina de utilización en el sector agrícola, que está destinada a realizar las tareas de retirada de los plásticos agrarios de manera automática formando balas de plástico compactado. La máquina consiste en un vehículo remolcable por un tractor agrícola, que dispone de unos brazos (2, 2"'') que portan en sus extremos carretes (1, 1"'') mediante los que se recogen los plásticos con un desplazamiento vertical de los mismos, y que posteriormente son dirigidos hacia la boca (11), donde los rodillos (20) y (21) tiran de ellos para almacenarlos en el contenedor (16), donde la prensa circular (17) los compacta.
Patent ES-2165771-B1 (ES)
Title: Catalizador de oxido de silicio que contiene titanio.
Inventor: TSUJI JUNPEI
IPC: B01J29/89
Filed: 1999-07-20
Granted: 2003-05-01
Abstract: Un catalizador de óxido de silicio que contiene titanio que satisface todas las condiciones siguientes (1) a (4): (1): un tamaño medio de poro de 10{angstron} o más; (2): un tamaño de poro del 90 % o más del volumen total de poros de 5 a 200{angstron}; (3):un volumen especifico de poro de 0,2 cm{sup,3}/g o más, y (4): se utiliza un ion amonio cuaternario representado por la siguiente fórmula general (I) como plantilla y luego se elimina dicha plantilla: [NR{sup,1}R{sup,2}R{sup,3}R{sup,4}]{sup,+} OH{sup,-} (I) donde R{sup,1} representa una cadena hidrocarbonada lineal o ramificada de 2 a 36 átomos de carbono y R{sup,2} a R{sup,4} representan un grupo alquilo de 1 a 6 átomos de carbono.
Patent FR-2825373-B1 (FR)
Inventor: CASEZ HERVE
IPC: C12N11/00
Filed: 2001-05-31
Granted: 2004-04-30
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the enzymatic production of a curing agent in its fluid state, e.g. liquid, comprising, in free phase, at least one oxygenated chemical species. Said method consists in bringing into contact at least one enzymatic catalysts agent, comprising at lease one peroxidase-type enzyme; an oxidizable substrate in aqueous phase that can be oxidized by the action of an oxygen donor, by catalysis by said enzymatic catalysis agent, generating said oxygenated chemical species in free phase; and said oxygen donor. The inventive method is characterized in that: e) an aqueous reaction bath is formed comprising, in addition to the oxidizable substrate and the oxygen donor, said enzymatic catalysis agent in divided solid phase, but in free phase, distributed is said bath, which may be set in motion; f) the aqueous reaction bath is separated into a fraction enriched with the enzymatic catalysis agent in divided solid phase and a fraction free from said catalysis agent, from which the curing agent is obtained.
Patent FR-2838005-B1 (FR)
Inventor: LE SAUZE NICOLAS
IPC: H04L12/56
Filed: 2002-03-28
Granted: 2004-12-24
Abstract: The digital word dynamic insertion method creates an optical resource at a fibre optic link node containing digital packets. A detector at the node detects whether optical signals are passing through the line, and when there is a signal absence transmitting the digital packets.
Patent FR-2862758-B1 (FR)
Inventor: HOCLET MICHEL
IPC: G01N22/04
Filed: 2003-11-20
Granted: 2006-01-13
Abstract: Hydrometric sensor and measuring assembly for taking hydrometric measurements at hyperfrequencies comprises an electronic sinusoidal wave generator for frequencies at different values between a few MHz to a few GHz in an arithmetical progression, a hyperfrequency cable with at least two measuring posts (4) along its length, and an electronic read-out that allows signals that pass along the cable to be used to determine true and imagined permittivity values determining humidity and temperature by comparison with experimental tables. The cable has a conducting core (1) surrounded by a dielectric sleeve (2) that is interrupted at the measuring posts (4), where a dielectric sleeve (6) of reduced section is surrounded by a test material (14) such as a clay sample.
Patent FR-2872799-B1 (FR)
Inventor: LARGER NICOLAS
IPC: B65D81/03
Filed: 2004-07-08
Granted: 2006-10-13
Abstract: The panel consists of a multi-channel core (4) of a synthetic material or corrugated cardboard, covetred on at least one side with a sheet of metal (2), based on aluminium and stuck to the core by adhesive. The panel can be used to make a parallelpiped container with six sides joined together by right-angle strips. Alternatively it can be used to make a package with hinged panels connected by a strap and having foam wedges on their inner surfaces.
Patent FR-2873043-B1 (FR)
Inventor: ZANCO ALAIN
IPC: A63C5/04
Filed: 2004-07-15
Granted: 2008-10-03
Abstract: The board has a complementary unit fixed to a base (2) in a skate zone and comprising two longitudinal lateral parts (4a, 4b) extending parallel to each other. The lateral parts are fixed in respective lateral clearances of the base and are connected by a transversal connection part (4c). Each of the lateral clearances is laterally opened outwards and towards top, and is not opened towards bottom. An independent claim is also included for a method of fabricating a complementary unit.
Patent FR-2881786-B1 (FR)
Inventor: DESTOUCHES NICOLAS
IPC: E06B9/82
Filed: 2004-09-24
Granted: 2007-07-13
Abstract: The blind has an occultation canvas driven by a drawing bar (3) comprising an end carrying blocking units (4). The bar is immobilized when the units (4) are in stop position, and the bar is moved along guiding rails (1, 2) when the units (4) are in movement position. The bar supports a handle (31) acting on the units (4) through a flexible rod (41) for controlling the passage from stop to movement positions and vice-versa. An independent claim is also included for a motor vehicle comprising a roller blind.
Patent FR-2878379-B1 (FR)
Inventor: GUERING BERNARD
IPC: H05K5/02
Filed: 2004-11-19
Granted: 2008-04-04
Abstract: The invention concerns an electrical cabinet (1) including a housing (2), a door (3) and a hinge (4). The housing and the door support electric wires which are each routed from an electrical component located inside an electrical equipment compartment (11) formed by the housing towards the outside of the compartment to be connected to a corresponding electrical connector (17). Therefor, according to the invention the electric wires are routed through the hinge which is itself connected to the electrical connector. The hinge forms at least one passage orifice (18, 19) guiding, the electric wires from inside the compartment towards the outside of the compartment while directing them towards the electrical connector.
Patent FR-2879709-B1 (FR)
Inventor: GERMAIN ARNAUD
IPC: F16H57/04
Filed: 2004-12-20
Granted: 2007-02-09
Abstract: The invention concerns an oil guiding device (2) inside a hollow shaft (1) which is supported in a gearbox housing (4) at least at one of its ends by an antifriction bearing (11), having an oil recovery deflector (3) covering at least partly the end of the shafts and its rollers (11a) of the bearing, connected to a tubular cannula (9) for introducing oil engaged inside the hollow shaft (1). The invention is characterized in that the deflector (3) has a lined cut (7) on its pad edges (8) perpendicular to its plane.
Patent FR-2889717-B1 (FR)
Inventor: DUPIELET NORBERT
IPC: E06B9/68
Filed: 2005-08-09
Granted: 2009-01-16
Abstract: The method involves deploying a cloth of an arm awning till an intermediary position (Pi) is attained. An effect of wind on the cloth is measured using a sensor without the cloth being subjected to a motorized movement during the measurement. The cloth is folded if the effect of wind is higher than a predefined threshold (Gs1), and the cloth is deployed above the intermediary position if the effect of wind is lesser or equal to the predefined threshold. An independent claim is also included for a home automation device comprising a sensor for measuring an effect of wind on a wind sensitive screen.
Patent FR-2892170-B1 (FR)
Inventor: COURBIS HERVE
IPC: F16L3/18
Filed: 2005-10-18
Granted: 2008-01-18
Abstract: A device for maintaining very long tubes or pipelines in position and damping same in relation to fixed support structures is inserted between a pipeline and a fixed support which can be used to position a plurality of pipelines. The device includes a cylindrical sleeve comprising a central hub and side walls which project out externally, such that a pipeline can be passed through a central hole. An elastically-deformable shaped component is provided around the central hub and between the side walls of the sleeve in order to provide damping at least radially and to perform an elastic return function. The component deforms temporarily when it abuts against the fixed support in accordance with the movements of the pipeline owing to environmental stresses. The device controls and absorbs axial and radial movements following the positioning of the pipeline and the expansion thereof.
Patent FR-2896271-B1 (FR)
Inventor: MOUNETOU CHRISTOPHE
IPC: F01P7/16
Filed: 2006-01-19
Granted: 2012-08-17
Abstract: A method and device for regulating engine temperature. The device includes a valve control system arranged on a pipe of a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine connecting the engine to a radiator. The pipe includes a temperature sensor arranged at the engine output and upstream of the valve control system that is automatically opened under effect of a cooling liquid being heated to a set temperature in accordance with a predetermined setpoint profile, ranging between a minimum stored temperature setpoint and a maximum stored temperature setpoint, so that the temperature of the engine gradually reaches the minimum or maximum setpoint by maintaining the control valve system more or less wide open. A controller controls the initial opening of the control valve system enabling the opening of the control valve system to be controlled when the control valve system has already been initially opened.
Patent FR-2907249-B1 (FR)
Inventor: HEDDEBAUT MARC
IPC: G07C9/00
Filed: 2006-10-13
Granted: 2014-01-31
Abstract: The device (1) has a generator connected to an input of transmission line (2) and generating an input signal. A receiver is connected to an output of the line and measures an output signal. The line radiates a radiated pulse (15) in a detection zone when the input signal is generated such that the output signal has a component due to the propagation of input signal and another component due to an interaction phenomenon between the pulse and person (9). An analyzing unit e.g. microprocessor, records the presence/absence of latter component in the output signal to detect the presence of person. An independent claim is also included for a method for detecting presence of object in a detection zone.
Patent FR-2918315-B1 (FR)
Inventor: HILLENMAYER FRANZ
IPC: B60C23/04
Filed: 2007-07-06
Granted: 2009-08-28
Abstract: An electronic module for measuring operating parameters of a vehicle wheel, includes an electronic unit (1), an inflation valve (2) of the snap-in type made up of a valve body (3) made of an elastomeric material pierced with an axial bore housing a hollow tubular core (15), and elements for securing the electronic unit (1) and the inflation valve (2) together. The elements for securing the electronic unit (1) and the inflation valve (2) to one another include, a ring (20) secured to the electronic unit (1) and designed to be slidably mounted around the portion of the tubular core (15) that extends in the continuation of the valve body (3), in a position of the electronic unit (1) in which the latter extends in the direct continuation of the inflation valve (2), and elements (13, 25, 26) for assembling the ring (20) of the electronic unit on the valve body.
Patent FR-2918796-B1 (FR)
Inventor: COLLONGE MICHAEL
IPC: H01L21/8232
Filed: 2007-07-09
Granted: 2010-04-30
Abstract: The device has a metal oxide semiconductor transistor comprising a semi-conducting zone (102) of a channel covering a dielectric zone (111) of a gate on silicon on insulator type substrate (100). A movable gate (116) is suspended above and separated from a gate dielectric. The gate and the dielectric zone are separated by an empty space (170). The gate is situated at adjustable distance from the dielectric zone. A piezoelectric actuating unit moves the gate with respect to a channel zone, and includes stackings (120) formed from a piezoelectric material layer resting on lower electrode (122). An independent claim is also included for a method for forming a microelectronic device equipped with movable suspended gate transistor and piezoelectric activation.
Patent FR-2923894-B1 (FR)
Inventor: PANI LAURENT
IPC: F24B1/192
Filed: 2007-11-16
Granted: 2013-11-01
Abstract: The chimney has a frame comprising a furnace (30) presenting an opening, and a door (1) e.g. guillotine door, slid between closed and open positions. The door closes and opens the opening in the closed and open positions, respectively. A sealing device comprises a slat (13) and a cladding screw (16) for integrating the door, and includes an inclined surface (33) and a bulge (43) for integrating the frame. The device is arranged in a manner that the surface and the bulge cooperate for flattening and maintaining the door against the furnace when the door is arranged in a closed position.
Patent FR-2947885-B1 (FR)
Inventor: PLOE PIERRE
IPC: F16H61/22
Filed: 2009-07-08
Granted: 2011-11-04
Abstract: The system has an interlocking device activating calipers (22A, 22B) of control nuts (22, 23). Disengagement nuts (42) authorize a control of backward gear ratio by enabling free movement of control cams (32, 34) in the calipers of the nuts, in a selection position. The disengagement nuts prohibit the free movement of the control cam, in the disengagement position, during the disengagement of high forwards gear ration, for prohibiting the control of the backward gear ratio and the action of the calipers.
Patent FR-2966283-B1 (FR)
Title: Procede pour realiser une structure de collage
Inventor: LANDRU DIDIER
IPC: H01L21/20
Filed: 2010-10-14
Granted: 2012-11-30
Abstract: La présente invention se rapporte à un processus de réalisation d'une structure de connexion (2200) dans un substrat semiconducteur (1000), et au substrat semiconducteur réalisé en conséquence. Le processus de la présente invention, le substrat semiconducteur (1000) comportant au moins une première surface et étant prévu pour une intégration 3D avec un second substrat (1700) le long de la première surface, dans lequel l'intégration 3D est sujette à un défaut latéral d'alignement dans au moins une dimension présentant une valeur de défaut d'alignement , peut inclure l'étape consistant à faire croître une structure de barrière de diffusion (2211) permettant d'empêcher la diffusion d'éléments en dehors d'une couche conductrice dans le reste du substrat semiconducteur, est caractérisé en ce qu'une première surface d'extrémité , représentant la surface la plus à l'extérieur de la structure de barrière de diffusion (2211), sensiblement parallèle à la première surface, le long d'une direction perpendiculaire à la première surface et partant du substrat vers la première surface de la structure de barrière de diffusion (2211), peut présenter une longueur, dans la direction du défaut latéral d'alignement , la longueur dépendant de la valeur du défaut d'alignement, la longueur de la structure de barrière de diffusion (2211) étant choisie de telle sorte que, dans une structure intégrée 3D, on empêche une diffusion d'éléments en dehors d'une couche conductrice du second substrat (1700) à l'état intégré.