baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1000071-A (GB)
Title: Oxidation process and reactor therefor
IPC: C01G23/07
Filed: 1964-01-17
Abstract: <PICT:1000071/C1/1> <PICT:1000071/C1/2> In the preparation of finely-divided metal oxides by the vapour phase oxidation of the metal halides, the reaction vessel has a corrosion resistant wall containing one or more perforations having an average size or diameter between 1/64 inch and 1/2 inch, the number and size of the perforations being such that the opening area per square inch of total interior wall surface is from 0.001 to 0.1 square inch and the temperature of the wall is maintained during reaction substantially cooler than that prevailing in the reaction zone by charging a coolant into and through the perforations.  Suitably, the number and size of openings is such that the ratio of coolant to metal halide is 1/3 to 1/20 .  The perforated wall may be of metal, e.g. nickel, niobium, aluminium, iron, ferrous alloys, and steel, alloys such as nickel containing 2% dispersed thorium oxide, unglazed porcelain, silica, titania, firebrick or silicon carbide. The exposed surfaces of the wall are preferably protected with a thin coating of e.g. titanium dioxide, silica or alumina.  A perforated ceramic reactor wall may be moulded from a 80% solids titania slurry having a pH of 4-4.5, by pouring into a mould, drying at 100 DEG  C. and firing at 1000 DEG  to 1300 DEG  C.  In the reactor illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, oxidizing gas, e.g. air or oxygen containing optionally 0.5 to 10% water vapour, preheated in chamber 2 by means of furnace 1, is fed to the reaction zone 6 via inlet 4 and conduit 3 while titanium tetrachloride, e.g., enters annular passage 14 via inlet 13 and is charged into the oxidizing gas stream via circumferential slot inlet 15.  Cooling fluid, e.g. gaseous chlorine, phosgene, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon and heluvia, is continuously charged at not more than 50 DEG  C. into passage 17 formed by the cylindrical jacket 16 which surrounds perforated wall 7.  The coolant, maintained under pressure in space 17, flows through the wall and maintains the temperature thereof at preferably below 300 DEG  C., as well as maintaining the temperature in the reaction zone at 800-1450 DEG  C. during the residence time of 0.01 to 5 seconds.  Other metal oxides specified are those of zirconium, aluminium, antimony, tin and zinc. Specifications 764,083, 763,084 and 926,716 and U.S.A. Specification 2,488,439 are referred to.
Patent GB-861079-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to closed tetrahedron packages
IPC: B65D75/50
Filed: 1959-01-21
Abstract: 861,079. Packages. HERMORION Ltd. Jan. 21, 1959 [Jan. 31, 1958], No. 2244/59. Class 94(1). A tetrahedron package formed of an outer carrier layer of paper &c. and an inner layer of plastic has an aperture 3 in the outer layer covered by the inner layer, or through both layers and covered by a separately applied strip on the inside, to form a weakened area through which a drinking straw may be introduced into the package. Slits may be provided on either side of the aperture to assist tearing off the corner if desired, or the aperture itself may be formed by slits. The aperture may be covered by a partly cut-out portion of the outer layer produced in forming it. The apertures may be provided in a carrier web on which the inner layer is laid prior to tubing or on to which the inner layer is extruded after tubing. If both layers are apertured before tubing, a continuous strip may be applied to cover the apertures.
Patent GB-567231-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the preparation of reagents for the purification of gases
IPC: C10K1/20
Filed: 1943-02-10
Abstract: 567,231. Purifying gases. GAS LIGHT & COKE CO., and HOPTON, G. U. Feb. 10, 1943, No. 2253. Drawings to Specification. [Class 55 (ii)] [Also in Group III] Shaped bodies comprising iron oxide for the removal of hydrogen sulphide from gases are obtained by mixing a water-soluble ferrous compound with an alkali or alkaline-earth hydroxide, oxide, carbonate or bicarbonate, moistening the mixture with water to cause the compounds to react, shaping the reaction product while wet into individual bodies, and allowing the shaped bodies to dry in the air in the presence of a setting agent, which may be calcium sulphate formed in the reaction when ferrous sulphate and the relative calcium compound are used, or a separately added material such as cement. The pH value of the fully reacted product is preferably about 8 and the reaction may be carried out by mixing and rolling the powdered constituents of the reaction in a drum while sprinkling with water ; the pellets formed being graded for size and used when fully reacted and set firm ; in such case the raw materials used may be freed from excess moisture or be slightly overdried. Alternatively the intimately mixed raw materials may be caused to react by merely moistening with water or by employing one or more reagents in a moist condition, and the moist product be extended or otherwise moulded into pieces before being allowed to react fully and set firm. The results of tests using pellets <8>/16 to <3>/8 inch in diameter are given. According to the provisional Specification, by incorporating small amounts of chromium sulphate with the ferrous sulphate used to form the shaped bodies, the reactivity of the latter in the oxidation of hydrogen sulphide is increased,
Patent GB-866012-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric pulse counting apparatus
Inventor: ACRED NEIL BERTRAM
IPC: H03K29/00
Filed: 1957-01-22
Abstract: 866,012. Electronic counting apparatus. ERICSSON TELEPHONES Ltd. Jan. 22, 1958 [Jan. 22, 1957], No. 2345/57. Class 106 (1). Electric counting apparatus comprises a series of multicathode counting tubes for additive and subtractive counting, each adapted to produce output voltages when in predetermined states, and includes means for applying pulses appearing at a common input terminal direct to the input terminal of the first counting tube circuit and, when a preceding counting tube is producing an appropriate output voltage via a gate to each successive tube in the series. In a first embodiment each of a series of pulse-counting circuits P1, P2 ... P6 comprises a multicathode tube unit (see below) adapted to accumulate additive pulses entered at a terminal TA and subtractive pulses entered at TS. When a counter reaches states " 9 " or " 0 " control voltages appear at output terminals 01 or 02, respectively, and serve to condition gates GA2, GA3 ... GA6 and GS2, GS3 ... GS6 to allow a subsequent input pulse to be fed straight through to the next higher stage. In the embodiment shown the gate GA6, for example, requires control voltages from the 01 terminals of all the lower stages before passing the input pulse from TA to stage P6, but in a second embodiment (Fig. 2, not shown), all the gates have a threshold of two and are arranged in cascade. Multicathode-tube counter.-Each of the counting tubes P1, P2 ... P6, Fig. 1, comprises an input circuit as shown in Fig. 3. Additive pulses applied to terminal I 1  fire a cold cathode trigger tube V1 and the negative pulse at its anode is transmitted via C4 and C7 to the guide electrodes G1 of the counting tube V3. A second negative pulse developed at the junction of resistors R2 and R3 and delayed by the charging up of capacitors C3 and C5 is then applied to the guide electrodes G2 to complete one step of the glow in a positive sense. In a similar manner subtractive pulses at terminal I2 fire a tube V2 and step the counter tube V3 in a negative sense. Suitable gates (Figs. 4 and 5, not shown) and a pulse generator (Fig. 6, not shown) are described.
Patent GB-1332851-A (GB)
Title: Battery check device for a photographic camera with an automatic exposure control mechanism
IPC: G03B7/26
Filed: 1971-01-18
Abstract: 1332851 Photographic camera exposure control ASAHI KOGAKU KOGYO K K 18 Jan 1971 [5 Feb 1970] 2400/71 Heading G2A A battery checking device for a photographic camera having an automatic exposure control mechanism comprises a shutter function selector 1 having a first position, AUTO, in which it closes a first power source switch 27 whereby automatic exposure control can take place, and a second position, BC, in which it closes a second power source switch 21 to connect the power source to an indicating device to check the power source. The shutter function selector is attached to a shaft to which is also fixed a cam plate 8. The cam is engaged by one end 22a of a shutter speed adjusting member 22, the other end 22b of lever 22 engaging a lever 28 which is in operative association with the shutter. A battery check switch actuating member 7 is freely mounted on the shaft, a pin 18 thereon engaging an abutment 8a on cam plate 8. A spring 17 links a pin 15 on actuating member 7 with a fixed stop 16 for the actuating member. In operation, a detent arrangement holds member 1 in a selected setting position except setting BC, at which removal of manual pressure allows spring 17 to adjust the setting to AUTO.
Patent GB-214727-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in foundry moulding machines
IPC: B22C15/10
Filed: 1923-01-26
Abstract: 214,727. Waterhouse, H. Jan. 26,1923. Moulding-machines of the jar-ram type are controlled by a single distributing valve having two equal diameter piston-heads 14, 15, Fig. 1, connected by a single part 16 of reduced diameter. In the position shown the working fluid passes through the ports 21, 22, 23 to the bottom of the cylinder 1, the valve being held in the position shown by a spring 31. An exhaust port is provided at 30. As the ram 8 rises the end below the necking 26 closes the exhaust port 27 and subsequently connects ports 29, 28 admitting pressure fluid below the valve which rises and exhausts the cylinder 1 through the ports 23, 24, 25. At the close of the return stroke of the ram the space below the valve is exhausted through the ports 28, 27 and the spring returns the valve completing the cycle. The ports 23, 24, 25 may be duplicated. Machines of large size have the ram fitted with a cup leather and the piston ports are then arranged as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and cooperate with a spring-pressed shoe 42, the valve 15 being constructed as before. As the ram rises the port 36 admits fluid through the port 44 and pipe 38 below the piston valve, and on the close of the return stroke this fluid is exhausted through the ports 44, 37, 27. Premature exhaust through the port 36 is prevented by a ball valve 45. The spring 31, Fig. 1 may be replaced by a constantly open air supply port so proportioned in relation to the exhaust port 30 that a constant reduced pressure is exerted on the head of the valve. In a modification the valve is maintained in its upper position by a spring.
Patent GB-572829-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of resin intermediates and their aldehyde condensation products
IPC: C08G12/16
Filed: 1942-02-28
Abstract: One molecular proportion of a primary aromatic amine is heated to a sufficient temperature to cause liberation of ammonia and at a pressure of 1-3 atmospheres with 2-3.2 molecular proportions of dicyandiamide.  Zinc chloride is used as a catalyst when 2-2.7 molecular proportions of dicyandiamide are used.  Resinous condensation products are obtained when the products are reacted with aldehydes.  Water miscible and immiscible alcohols may be used in the latter reaction to effect alkylation and substances which react with aldehydes such as phenol, melamine, thiourea and urea may be added. The resins are useful in compounding coating, moulding and adhesive compositions.  In examples: (1) dicyandiamide is reacted with aniline and o-toluidine in various proportions, zinc chloride being used when 1 molecular proportion of amine is reacted with 2 molecular proportions of dicyandiamide; (2) the product of example 1 from aniline and dicyanamide is refluxed with formalin to give a resin syrup; the latter may be used for the manufacture of a laminated paper or it may be mixed with cellulose pulp, heated and the product ground to form a moulding powder; zinc stearate or other lubricant, dyes or pigments may be added; (3) the product from aniline and dicyandiamide is heated with formalin, urea and isopropanol or ethanol and with formalin, butanol and decolourizing charcoal. Other aromatic primary amines which may be used are: xylidines, diaminodiphenyl, and naphthylamines and other aldehydes specified are: acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, hexaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, allylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, cinnamylaldehyde and furfural.  Besides celluloses, fillers such as asbestos, carborundum, siliconcarbide, garnet, bort and glass fibres may be used.  Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, ferric oxide, Prussian blue, Toluidine red and Malachite green are pigments and dyes which are mentioned.  Coating compositions containing the resinous products preferably contain a polycarboxylic acid-polyhydric alcohol resin modified with fatty acids of the drying oil type, nitrocellulose or phenolformaldehyde resins.  Plasticizers such as dibutylphthalate and tricresylphosphate may also be present.  The resinous products are used in the preparation of plywood adhesives, binders for abrasives and brake linings.  They are used for impregnating paper to increase its wet strength and for impregnating textiles to increase its crease resistance and for insolubilizing materials such as dyes.
Patent GB-725678-A (GB)
Title: Coloured textile materials
IPC: D06P1/645
Filed: 1953-01-30
Abstract: Coloured textile materials of an organic derivative of cellulose, e.g. cellulose acetate, are given an improved resistance to gas-fading by incorporating therein polyethyleneimine, preferably of an average molecular weight of at least 650.  The material coloured with, for example, a blue anthraquinone dye, is preferably impregnated with an aqueous solution of the polyethyleneimine, although non-aqueous solutions or aqueous emulsions of solutions in organic solvents may be employed.
Patent GB-571435-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to boxes or like containers
IPC: B65D25/34
Filed: 1942-03-02
Abstract: 571,435. Boxes. INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, & TELEGRAPH WORKS CO., Ltd., and HARDING, H. L. March 2, 1942, No. 2758. [Class 18] [Also in Groups V and XXXVI] Battery containers or other boxes are formed of a vulcanized mixture of synthetic rubber such as polymerised chlorobutadiene and a natural rubber mix which on vulcanizing yields a hard or ebonite product. Shock-absorbing strips 11, 12 and feet 13 of soft vulcanized rubber are attached to the outside of the box by applying them prior to the vulcanization of the box.
Patent GB-174646-A (GB)
Title: Safety siphon for automatic closure of gas piping when the pressure falls below a given value
IPC: F16K17/00
Filed: 1922-01-30
Abstract: 174,646. Conti, J. T. F. Jan. 31, 1921, [Convention date]. Hydraulic seal safety apparatus.-A liquid seal device adapted to close a conduit when the pressure falls below a predetermined value comprises a U-tube a inserted in the main conduit and connected at the bottom through a receptacle b<1> and tube b with an inverted U-tube c, the free end d of which dips into an adjustably mounted vessel e. To start the apparatus, liquid from the vessel g is poured in the funnel f<2> in sufficient quantity to start the siphon c, liquid then overflows from the vessel e until the levels H, N are reached which allows a free flow of gas. As the pressure falls, liquid is siphoned from the vessel e into the branches b, f and when the pipe d is uncovered the liquid in the siphon is discharged into these branches to seal the gas passage.
Patent GB-190933-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in splash guards for the wheels of vehicles
IPC: B60B7/00
Filed: 1922-01-31
Abstract: 190,933. Ray, J. H. Jan. 31, 1922. Mud - guards rotating with wheels consist of one or two annular rubber strips a, held on the rim by a piece of canvas B attached to the inner edge a<1> of each strip. The strips are formed with curved portions a<2> to fit the tyre sides with beads a<3> which, when the tyre is inflated, contact lightly with the ground.
Patent GB-688384-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for seismic prospecting
IPC: G01V1/13
Filed: 1950-02-03
Abstract: 688,384. Blasting cartridges. URSCHEL, C. F., SLICK, E. F., COX, J. J., GRANT, G. W., DENMAN, LE, R. G., SEELIGSON, A. A., PINCUS, G. G., BAXTER, A. J., WRIGHT, B. N., and GILBERT, I. O. Feb. 3,-1950 [July 2, 1949; July 2, 1949; Aug. 30, 1949], No. 2827/50. Class 9(i) [Also in Group XXXVIII] In a method of seismic prospecting in which a seismic wave pulse is induced in the ground by firing a charge at an adjustable height above the surface of the ground (see Group XXXVIII) cylindrical charge 15 is supported by a tubular post 16 which slides over a steel stake 17 and is held by a thumbscrew 18. The upper end of the post supports a cardboard ferrule 19 and a light wooden dowel 20 on which the charge is impaled and a firing cap 21 is inserted in the middle of the charge. The charge may be any conventional high-velocity type of TNT, RDX or 60%HV sesimograph gelatin and is arranged to produce both downwardly directed and laterally-expanding shock waves so that an array of such charges fired simultaneously produces a succession of impulses at the surface of the ground due to the interaction of the laterally-expanding waves.
Patent GB-1494058-A (GB)
Title: Deodorizing and smell-removing composition and process of using same
IPC: B01D53/77
Filed: 1976-01-26
Abstract: 1494058 Deodorizing using glycine derivatives KAO SOAP CO Ltd 26 Jan 1976 [29 Jan 1975] 02844/76 Heading A5E A composition for deodorizing odoriferous materials having a mercaptan and/or hydrogen sulfide and/or ammonia as a malodorous component, comprises a mixture of from 0.01 to 5 weight per cent of a compound or mixture of compounds having the formula: wherein R<SP>1</SP> is alkyl having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R<SP>2</SP> is hydrogen or alkyl having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, m is an integer of from one to 4, and n is zero, one or 2, or a salt thereof, and from 0.01 to 10 weight percent of an acidic substance effective to reduce the pH of the composition to less than 7, the balance of the composition consisting of an inert carrier or diluent. Specified compounds of formula I are N-laurylamino-ethyl glycine, N-lauryl-di-(aminoethyl) glycine, N, N-di- (octyl-aminoethyl) glycine and N-lauryl-di- (aminoethyl) glycine hydro-chloride. The compositions find application in the deodorization of dust bins and cattle sheds.
Patent GB-657172-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to direct-current generators
IPC: H02K23/24
Filed: 1949-02-02
Abstract: 657,172. Commutating windings. WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC INTERNATIONAL CO. Feb. 2, 1949, No. 2854. Convention date, Feb. 13, 1948. [Class 35] In a D.C. shunt generator having a main commutating winding in series with the armature and an auxiliary commutating winding in parallel and additive with the main commutating winding, the proper sharing of load when in parallel with other D.C. generators, e.g. in an aircraft, is effected by connecting an auxiliary control circuit in series with the auxiliary commutating winding across the main commutating winding. Fig. 1 shows a D.C. generator having a shunt winding 6, a main commutating winding 8, an auxiliary commutating winding 13 in series with an auxiliary control 12 across the points 2, 4, a compensating winding 9 and, if desired, an auxiliary field winding 10. The M.M.F.'s of the windings 8, 9, 10, 13 are additive. The necessary control provided by the control 12 is due to the voltage drop across the windings 8, 9, i.e. between the points 2, 4 and, if e.g. a greater share of load is upplied by the generator, the voltage drops across the windings 8, 9, i.e. between the points 2, 4 would be greater and more current would flow in the control 12 to restore proper load division. Bad commutation due to diversion of current from the winding 8 to the control 12 is avoided by the additive effect of the auxiliary commutating winding 13 through which the diverted current must flow. In a modification, a potentiometer 15, Fig. 2 (not shown), is inserted across the control 12 so as to adjust the voltage of the terminal 11 with respect to the terminal 4. Specification 640;601 is referred to.
Patent GB-1516748-A (GB)
Title: Pincers
IPC: B21D7/06
Filed: 1976-01-26
Abstract: 1516748 Ratchet mechanism E K SCHMITTER 26 Jan 1976 [27 Jan 1975] 2905/76 Heading F2Q [Also in Divisions B3 and B4] A lever-operated hand tool having relatively linearly movable jaws incorporates a friction ratchet drive mechanism for effecting said relative movement in step-by-step manner, the drive mechanism comprising a smooth-surfaced thrust rod 30 adapted to carry a movable jaw member at one end and mounted in a housing portion 10 of the tool for sliding movement in the direction of its length, a first apertured tiltable gripper member 60 relatively slidably mounted on the thrust rod and arranged to grip the rod upon tilting relative thereto, a second apertured tiltable gripper member 50 relatively slidably mounted on the thrust rod and arranged to grip the rod upon tilting relative thereto, a manually pivotable lever 14 pivotally mounted on the tool housing and adapted to exert a force on said first gripper member to effect advancing movements of said thrust rod, a first spring 20 arranged to bear on said first gripper member to urge it into contact with said lever and simultaneously to tilt it into its rodgripping position, a second spring 21 disposed between the first and second gripper members and arranged to tilt the second gripper member to its rod-gripping position thereby to prevent rearward movements of the rod, and release means 28, 70 for simultaneously reversely tilting the gripper members so as to release the thrust rod for rearward movement. The tool, as shown in Fig. 1, may be a pipe bending tool but may alternatively be used, with suitably modified jaws, for cutting, punching, notching tensioning (e.g. chains, ropes or wires) riveting, pulling (for example as bearing pullers) straightening, or clamping.
Patent GB-725427-A (GB)
Title: Gas-cooler
Inventor: WINDT PETRUS JOSEPHUS VAN DER
IPC: C10K1/04
Filed: 1953-02-02
Abstract: In a gas cooler using water as the coolant for cooling gases derived from the decomposition of carbonaceous substances containing tar vapours and/or naphthalene, the gas is passed horizontally through a chamber 1 over a plurality of substantially vertical tubes 6 which extend between headers 7, 12 so partitioned that coolant water is caused to flow serially through interconnected groups of the tubes, which thus define successive <PICT:0725427/III/1> cooling zones of progressively increasing temperature from the gas outlet to the gas inlet, the base of the chamber being provided with a number of separate sumps 17 each having a separate outlet to a common external drain conduit 18, the arrangement being such that as the gas is progressively cooled in passing through the chamber, its tarry and like condensable constituents are fractionally condensed in the successive cooling zones and each fraction is collected in one of the sumps and is prevented from mixing with other fractions until it reaches the common drain conduit 18.  The sumps are preferably formed by shallow transverse ribs 16 and the gas chamber 1 may be slightly inclined to the horizontal.  The common drain conduit 18 is so shaped that a liquid seal is formed by the condensate between successive sump outlets.  Inspection covers 20 are provided to each of which is connected a steam line for cleaning purposes.
Patent GB-535455-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the purification of silica sand
IPC: C03C1/02
Filed: 1940-02-15
Abstract: 535,455. Purifying silica sand. HANCOCK, R. T. Feb. 15, 1940, No. 2923. [Class 1 (ii)] Silica sand is purified by treatment with a solution of an alkali metaphosphate or pyrophosphate e.g. sodium hexa-metaphosphate. Iron compounds which are thereby caused to go into suspension are removed by washing out with water; the wash water may be deprived of the suspended solids by flocculation by known means.