baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20210030245-A (KR)
Title: 이미지에서의 시퀀스를 인식하는 방법 및 장치, 전자 기기 및 기억 매체
Inventor: HU WENYANG
IPC: G06K9/46
Filed: 2019-09-25
Abstract: 본 발명은 하나 이상의 물체를 적층 방향을 따라 적층한 시퀀스를 포함하는 피처리 이미지에 대한 특징 추출을 행하여, 피처리 이미지의 제1 특징맵을 얻는 것과, 피처리 이미지에서 피처리 이미지를 적층 방향을 따라 k개의 영역으로 구획하여 얻어진 각 구획 영역의 영역 특징을 제1 특징맵에 기초하여 특정하는 것(여기서, k는 적층 방향을 따라 적층한 물체의 설정된 수이고 1보다 큰 정수임)과, 각 구획 영역의 영역 특징에 기초하여 시퀀스 중의 각 물체의 카테고리를 특정하는 것을 포함하는 이미지에서의 시퀀스를 인식하는 방법 및 장치, 전자 기기 및 기억 매체에 관한 것으로, 본 발명의 실시예는 적층 시퀀스 중의 물체의 인식을 실현할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20200100176-A (KR)
Title: 핵분열 물질의 작동 모니터링 장치
Inventor: KALENOVA MAYA YURYEVNA
IPC: G01N23/222
Filed: 2018-10-15
Abstract: 본 발명은 방사성 물질을 검출하기 위한 방법 및 기구의 개발과 관련된 기술 분야에 관한 것이다. 제안된 본 발명의 구조는 2 개의 동축으로 배열된 실린더: 감마 쉴드 및 중성자 승수 역할을 하는 납으로 만든 내부 실린더와 중성자 열화기로서 작용하는 폴리에틸렌으로 제조된 외부 실린더를 포함한다. 카드뮴 필터가 있는 15 개의 헬륨-3 카운터는 생성기와 평행한 원으로 외부 실린더의 벽에 등거리로 내장되어 있다. 등방성 중수소-트리튬 14 MeV 중성자 생성기는 생성기와 직각인 외부 실린더의 벽에 장착된다. 내부 실린더의 하부에는 수직축 방향의 이동이 가능한 받침대가 배치된다. 장치에 로딩하기 전에, 용기 및 용기에 포함된 구조 재료에 감마 스캐닝을 실시한다. 그 다음에, 이동식 받침대에 의해, 용기는 구조 재료의 질량 중심이 검출기의 반대쪽에 위치되도록 내부 실린더에 장착된다. 제안된 장치는 핵분열성 물질의 고정밀 고속 탐지 기능을 제공한다.
Patent KR-20200105894-A (KR)
Title: 첩부제
Inventor: TANAKA YUSUKE
IPC: A61K47/32
Filed: 2019-01-23
Abstract: 지지체층 및 점착제층을 구비하는 첩부제이고, 상기 점착제층이 비수성이고, 상기 점착제층이 노닐산바닐릴아미드 및 수산화알루미늄을 함유하고 있고, 상기 점착제층에 있어서의 노닐산바닐릴아미드의 함유량이, 상기 점착제층의 전체 질량에 대하여 0.01 ∼ 0.025 질량％ 이고, 상기 점착제층에 있어서의 수산화알루미늄의 함유량이, 상기 점착제층의 전체 질량에 대하여 0.55 ∼ 1.5 질량％ 이며, 또한, 상기 점착제층에 있어서의 노닐산바닐릴아미드의 함유량과 수산화알루미늄의 함유량의 질량비 (노닐산바닐릴아미드의 함유량 : 수산화알루미늄의 함유량) 가, 1 : 27 ∼ 1 : 150 인, 첩부제.
Patent KR-20200106531-A (KR)
Title: 플라즈마 처리 장치용 부재 및 이것을 구비하는 플라즈마 처리 장치
Inventor: ISHIKAWA KAZUHIRO
IPC: H01J37/32
Filed: 2019-02-15
Abstract: 본 개시의 플라즈마 처리 장치용 부재는, 기재와, 상기 기재의 적어도 일부에 희토류 원소의 산화물의 막을 구비한다. 상기 막은 두께의 변동 계수가 0.04 이하이다. 본 개시의 플라즈마 처리 장치는, 상기 플라즈마 처리 장치용 부재를 구비한다. 본 개시의 플라즈마 처리 장치용 부재는 막의 두께의 편차가 적다.
Patent KR-20200118046-A (KR)
Title: 현악기의 현의 수를 증가시키기 위한 변환기 장치 및 방법
Inventor: FREDEN JOSEFIN
IPC: G10D3/12
Filed: 2019-02-04
Abstract: 본 발명은 현악기의 현의 수를 증가시키기 위한 변환기 장치(1)에 관한 것으로서, 상기 변환기 장치는, 베이스판(21)을 갖는 프레임(20) 및 현 조절 나사(31)를 갖는 헤드(30); 상기 베이스판(21)에 부착되고 상기 헤드(30)로 연장되는 추가 현(2)으로서, 상기 현(2)은 상기 추가 현(2)을 조율할 수 있는 상기 조절 나사(31)에서 종결되는, 상기 추가 현; 및 상기 변환기 장치를 상기 현악기의 현의 측에 해제 가능하게 부착하기 위한 수단(102)을 포함하는, 상기 변환기 장치에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 또한 상기 변환기 장치(1)를 현악기에 적용하는 방법에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20200128095-A (KR)
Title: 2축 연신 필름
Inventor: KOIDO SHUNSUKE
IPC: B29C55/12
Filed: 2019-02-22
Abstract: 투명성, 내열성, 내습열성, 및, 연신 가공성이 우수한 2축 연신 필름을 제공하는 것.  디카르본산 성분(a-1)으로서 테레프탈산 단위, 디올 성분(a-2)으로서 1,4-시클로헥산디메탄올 단위를 포함하는 폴리시클로헥실렌디메틸렌테레프탈레이트(A) 100질량부에 대하여, 당해 폴리시클로헥실렌디메틸렌테레프탈레이트(A)보다도 글라스 전이 온도가 높은 폴리아릴레이트 수지(B)를 1질량부 이상 50질량부 이하 포함하는 수지 조성물로 이루어지는, 결정 융해 엔탈피가 20J/g 이상 80J/g 이하인 2축 연신 필름.
Patent KR-20210004970-A (KR)
Title: 마이크로 캡슐
Inventor: TATEMATSU AYAKO
IPC: B01J13/04
Filed: 2019-04-26
Abstract: 본 발명은, 내용 성분이 분리되어 잔류한 효모 세포를 포함하는 마이크로 캡슐, 및 그 제조 방법 및 그 이용에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 마이크로 캡슐의 제조 방법은, 효모 세포를 열수 처리하여, 내용 성분이 균체 외로 방출되고, 내용 성분이 분리되어 잔류한 효모 세포를 제조하는 공정, 상기 내용 성분이 분리되어 잔류한 효모 세포를 제1 유효 성분으로 하고, 이것에 제2 유효 성분을 내포시키는 공정을 포함하며, 다만, 내용 성분이 분리되어 잔류한 효모 세포에 산 처리를 실시하지 않는다.
Patent KR-20200128162-A (KR)
Title: 저 분해능 이미지에서의 결함 검출을 위한 신경 네트워크의 트레이닝
Inventor: BHASKAR KRIS
IPC: H01L21/67
Filed: 2019-03-28
Abstract: 저 분해능 이미지에서의 결함 검출을 위해 신경 네트워크를 트레이닝시키는 방법 및 시스템이 제공된다.  하나의 시스템은 고 분해능 이미징 서브시스템과 저 분해능 이미징 서브시스템을 포함하는 검사 툴 및 고 분해능 신경 네트워크와 저 분해능 신경 네트워크를 포함하는 하나 이상의 컴포넌트를 포함한다.  본 시스템의 컴퓨터 서브시스템(들)은 트레이닝 결함 이미지 세트를 생성하도록 구성된다.  결함 이미지들 중 적어도 하나는 고 분해능 이미징 서브시스템에 의해 생성되는 이미지를 사용하여 고 분해능 신경 네트워크에 의해 합성적으로 생성된다.  컴퓨터 서브시스템(들)은 또한 트레이닝 결함 이미지 세트를 입력으로서 사용하여 저 분해능 신경 네트워크를 트레이닝시키도록 구성된다.  그에 부가하여, 컴퓨터 서브시스템(들)은 저 분해능 이미징 서브시스템에 의해 다른 시료에 대해 생성된 이미지를 트레이닝된 저 분해능 신경 네트워크에 입력함으로써 다른 시료 상의 결함을 검출하도록 구성된다.
Patent KR-20210003251-A (KR)
Title: 션트 저항기 및 그것을 이용한 전류 검출 장치
Inventor: OSAWA Ryo
IPC: H01C13/00
Filed: 2019-07-02
Abstract: 구리를 주성분으로 하고, 또 니켈과 아연을 포함하는 Cu-Ni-Zn 합금을, 단체(單體)의 저항체로 이루어지는 션트(shunt) 저항의 저항체 재료로 한 션트 저항기.
Patent KR-20210042267-A (KR)
Title: 정량적 이미징을 이용하기 위한 방법 및 시스템
Inventor: BUCKLER MARK A
IPC: G06N3/08
Filed: 2019-05-24
Abstract: 정량적 이미징을 이용하여 병리를 분석하기 위한 시스템 및 방법이 본원에 개시된다. 유리하게는, 본 개시내용의 시스템 및 방법은 계층적 분석 프레임 워크를 이용하여 이미징 데이터에서 생물학적 특성/분석물을 식별하고 정량화한 다음 정량화된 생물학적 특성/분석물을 기반으로 하나 이상의 병리를 식별하고 특성화한다. 이미징을 사용하여 병리를 평가하는 중개자로서 기본 생물학을 검사하는 이러한 계층적 접근법은 기본 이미징 데이터에서 병리를 직접 결정하고 특성화하도록 구성된 시스템 및 방법에 비해 많은 분석 및 처리 이점을 제공한다.
Patent KR-20210018872-A (KR)
Title: 유기적 성장 및 단계화를 위한 중간 스케일 모델
Inventor: GUNST JOHN
IPC: C12M1/34
Filed: 2019-05-13
Abstract: 본 발명은 생물의약품의 산업적 성장을 위한 시스템을 위한 유기적 성장 및 단계별 설계에 관한 것이다.  시스템은 완충액 분배 서브시스템, 배지 제조 서브시스템, 생물 반응기 서브시스템, 수확 서브시스템 및/또는 정제 서브시스템과 같은 다수의 서브시스템을 포함할 수 있다.  서브시스템은 유연한 공정 유동 설계를 위해 고도로 상호 연결될 수 있다.  또한, 서브시스템은 전체 수의 장비 스테이션으로의 총 산출물 용량으로 구성될 수 있으며, 단계적인 성장을 위한 헤드룸을 유지하기 위해 보다 더 적은 총 장비 스테이션으로 보다 낮은 산출물 용량에서 작동될 수 있다.
Patent KR-20220099425-A (KR)
Title: System for forecasting Game Plays of Users based on Artificial Intelligence Algorithm
Inventor: CHOI JI UNG
IPC: A63F13/67
Filed: 2021-01-06
Abstract: A system for predicting game play of a user comprises: a collection module collecting play information, which is information related to play of games of users, by receiving the information from a user terminal; a processing module processing the collected play information in a data form required for analysis; and an AI analysis module analyzing the processed play information through machine learning using an artificial intelligence algorithm to derive a predicted value of a future predicted behavior related to the game of the users. The present invention can derive the predicted value about the future play of the user by applying the artificial intelligence algorithm to the play information about the game of the user. The predicted value is used for target marketing and the like.
Patent KR-20220105545-A (KR)
Inventor: HONG SEUNG HYUN
IPC: G06N5/02
Filed: 2021-01-20
Abstract: Disclosed are a data processing device for supporting the classification, storage, and search of machine learning data and an operating method thereof. According to the present invention, the data processing device is able to generate a classification model for classifying data by using certain data completely classified, allow a user to allocate a tag for classifying data for new data when a storage command for the certain new data is applied by the user, predict a tag corresponding to the new data through the classification model, check if the tag allocated by the user matches the tag predicted through the classification model, induce the user to re-allocate a tag to the new data for which the tags do not match, complete the tag allocation for the new data, and store the new data in a learning data storage by corresponding the new data with the tag allocated to each piece of the new data. Accordingly, the data processing device is able to, when a search command of the learning data belonging to a certain data classification group is applied from the user afterwards, search only the data with the tag allocated in accordance with the relevant data classification group as learning data and provide the data to the user.
Patent KR-20220105880-A (KR)
Inventor: SOO YEOL CHAI
IPC: G11C7/12
Filed: 2021-01-21
Abstract: The present invention relates to a memory device. The memory device includes: a memory cell configured to store data; and a page buffer configured to be connected to the memory cell through a bit line, storing data used during a program operation, and pre-charge the bit line with a first pre-charge voltage and a second pre-charge voltage lower than the first pre-charge voltage according to the data during a program verification operation performed in the program operation.
Patent KR-20220105891-A (KR)
Title: Cosmetic composition comprising a concentrate of collagen ingredients isolated from apricot
Inventor: LEE EUN JUNG
IPC: C07K1/12
Filed: 2021-01-21
Abstract: Related are a cosmetic composition and a method for manufacturing the same. Since the composition contains a high content of amino acids constituting collagen, the composition can be usefully used for preventing, improving, or treating skin-related conditions.
Patent KR-20220107532-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE DA KYEONG
IPC: B25J9/16
Filed: 2021-01-25
Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable transport device allowing remote control, and more specifically, to a portable transport device allowing remote control, which has a predetermined loading space to move luggage through the remote control. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the portable transport device allowing remote control comprises: a body provided with a predetermined receiving space therein; a motor provided inside the body; a driveshaft protruding from both sides of the motor; a driven shaft that converts rotation of the driveshaft into vertical rotation and is connected to both ends of the driveshaft; wheels coupled to both ends of the driven shaft; and a pair of upper plates connected to an upper portion of the body, provided to be folded around one side of the body through a hinge, the pair of upper plates being symmetrical with respect to the center of the body. The present invention aims to provide a load-carrying robot, i.e., a remote controllable portable transport device reduced in size to be used at home.
Patent KR-20220107574-A (KR)
Inventor: JEONG HYE JEONG
IPC: H01M10/0567
Filed: 2021-01-25
Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same are disclosed. The electrolyte for the lithium battery may comprise: a lithium salt; a non-aqueous organic solvent; and an additive comprising a compound represented by following chemical formula 1 and one or more compounds of compounds represented by following chemical formulas 2-1 and 2-2. A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4, R_1, R_2, R'_1, R'_2, and R_3 are the same as those disclosed in the specification. Stability may be improved at room temperature and high temperatures and during rapid charging.
Patent KR-20210095592-A (KR)
Title: A pharmaceutical composition comprising natural material extracts and a preparing method thereof
Inventor: LEE JONG RYUL
IPC: A61K36/53
Filed: 2021-01-25
Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing a Scutellaria baicalensis extract, a Liriope muscari extract, a Sophora flavescens extract, a Dictamnus dasycarpus extract, and a Phellodendron amurense extract, and a method for manufacturing the same. The composition of the present invention has excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, thereby being able to be usefully used as the composition for preventing or alleviating various diseases.
Patent KR-20220109736-A (KR)
Inventor: YOO SEONG YEOL
IPC: B63B35/32
Filed: 2021-01-29
Abstract: A vessel for collecting water collection objects according to the present invention includes: a first hull; a second hull that is detachably connected to the first hull; a collection unit provided in any one of the first hull and the second hull to collect objects to be collected; and a storage unit provided in the other one of the first hull and the second hull and storing the collection object collected from the collection unit. An objective of the present invention is to provide the vessel for collecting objects to be collected on the water capable of securing the continuity of a water garbage collection operation.
Patent KR-20220114313-A (KR)
Title: A fabric quality measurement system and quality measurement method using the same
Inventor: KIM HEE WON
IPC: G06T7/00
Filed: 2021-02-08
Abstract: The present invention relates to a fabric quality measurement system and a quality measurement method using the same. Specifically, the fabric quality measurement system according to the present invention comprises: a photograph unit which takes an image of a fabric; a control unit which analyzes information on the image generated from the photograph unit and calculates a skewness and density value of the fabric; and a display unit which displays information transmitted from the photograph unit and the control unit. The photograph unit comprises a first photographing device generating an image for measuring the skewness and density value of the fabric. The fabric quality measurement system can be controlled in remote.
Patent KR-20220114674-A (KR)
Title: Biodegradable eco-friendly resin sanitary apron
Inventor: JEON DONG HUN
IPC: C08L101/16
Filed: 2021-02-09
Abstract: The present invention relates to a biodegradable and eco-friendly resin sanitary apron, and more specifically, to a biodegradable and eco-friendly resin sanitary apron which is manufactured using a biodegradable and eco-friendly resin, and which is decomposed naturally when discarded after being used at home, in a restaurant or hospital. According to the present invention, it is possible to produce an integrated type apron (1) having perforation lines (2) on both sides thereof using a biodegradable and eco-friendly resin. The present invention allows a user to simply cut along the perforated lines (2) so as to form strings (3), and to tie the strings (3) to use the same as the apron (1). The sanitary apron according to the present invention is made of a biodegradable resin, so that when the apron is discarded after being used, it is naturally decomposed in an eco-friendly manner and disappears.
Patent KR-20220116637-A (KR)
Inventor: JANG HYEON WOO
IPC: H01L27/108
Filed: 2021-02-15
Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor memory device capable of improving device performance and reliability. The semiconductor memory device according to some embodiments of the present invention comprises: a substrate; a gate electrode extended in a first direction in the substrate; a plurality of buried contacts connected to the substrate on the substrate; and a fence filling a trench defined between adjacent buried contacts on the gate electrode. The fence includes: a spacer film disposed on a portion of the sidewall of the trench and extended in a second direction crossing the first direction: and a filling film filling the trench on the spacer film. The upper surface of the spacer layer is lower than the upper surface of the filling layer.
Patent KR-20220117673-A (KR)
Title: Shelf apparatus and automatic vending machine
Inventor: LEE GYU HAK
IPC: B65G47/82
Filed: 2021-02-17
Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic vending machine including a shelf device. The disclosed shelf device is installed to be movable in a sliding manner inside the vending machine and comprises: a shelf including a body providing a space for accommodating a plurality of items, a shelf roller installed on both side parts of the body, and a rail roller guide installed on both side parts of the body and extending along a moving direction of the shelf device; and a guide structure supporting the shelf so that the shelf moves in a sliding manner and including a shelf roller guide configured to guide the shelf roller to move along the moving direction and a rail roller supporting the rail roller guide to move along the moving direction. In addition, the shelf roller guide includes a lower support area guiding the movement of the shelf roller when a center of gravity of the shelf is located between the rail roller and the shelf roller, and an upper support area guiding the movement of the shelf roller when the center of gravity of the shelf is out of range between the rail roller and the shelf roller, wherein a height difference between the upper support area and the lower support area may be greater than a diameter of the shelf roller. Accordingly, a manager can easily replenish items.
Patent KR-20210109449-A (KR)
Title: Development processing apparatus and development processing method
Inventor: TANAKA KOUICHIROU
IPC: B05B13/04
Filed: 2021-02-18
Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide a development processing apparatus and a development processing method, in which a liquid reception unit for receiving a developer scattered from a substrate is shared in a long first developer supply unit having a length that is greater than or equal to a diameter of the substrate when viewed in a plan view and a short second developer supply unit. The development processing apparatus for developing a resist film on a substrate includes: a substrate holding unit for horizontally holding the substrate; a rotation mechanism for rotating the substrate holding unit about a vertical axis; first and second developer supply units for supplying a developer to the substrate held by the substrate holding unit; and a liquid reception unit for receiving the developer from the substrate held by the substrate holding unit, wherein the first developer supply unit has a length that is less than a diameter of the substrate when viewed in a plan view, the second developer supply unit has a length that is greater than or equal to the diameter of the substrate when viewed in a plan view, the liquid reception unit has first and second annular walls having an annular shape and having a circular opening having a diameter that is greater than the diameter of the substrate when viewed in a plan view, the second annular wall is provided on an upper side of the first annular wall, the first annular wall and the second annular wall are able to be lifted and lowered independently of each other, and a distance between the first annular wall and the second annular wall in a vertical direction is variable.
Patent KR-20220118764-A (KR)
Title: Plant-transplanting plates for hydroponics
Inventor: JAI EOK PARK
IPC: A01G9/02
Filed: 2021-02-19
Abstract: The present invention relates to a planting plate for hydroponics of creeping plants, and more particularly, to a planting plate for hydroponics of creeping plants, which can effectively take root and develop the seedlings of the creeping plants. The planting plate for hydroponics of creeping plants according to the present invention includes: a planting plate body formed of a plate-like member; a plurality of planting plate holes perforated in the planting plate body; a medium insertion opening formed in the planting plate body to be positioned between the formal holes; and a seedling growth part installed in the medium insertion opening and formed of a medium for plant growth.
Patent KR-20220120170-A (KR)
Title: Diet food composition for improving bowel movements containing natural substances as an active ingredient
Inventor: SEONG MIN HWANG
IPC: A23L33/105
Filed: 2021-02-23
Abstract: A diet food composition/diet health functional food composition/feed composition for improving bowel movement containing natural substances as active ingredients of the present invention improves the bowel movement of animals smoothly, has an effect of decomposing fat, and helps body fat reduction by suppressing the synthesis of carbohydrates into fat to be used as a diet product, wherein the diet product is a dark red liquid form product having no bad taste and smell and having inherent flavor. The diet food composition for improving the bowel movements contains an apple extract, a Garcinia gummi-gutta extract, a Hibiscus extract, lactulose and indigestible maltodextrin as the active ingredients.
Patent KR-20220122152-A (KR)
Title: Smart Door Apparatus
Inventor: CHUNG YON WOO
IPC: E05F15/643
Filed: 2021-02-26
Abstract: The present invention relates to a smart door apparatus which has a clutch function to operate in a set manner according to identified information. One embodiment of the present invention provides a smart door apparatus comprising a door device installed at an entrance to open and close the entrance for entry and exit of users and a control device for controlling hardware or software operations set in the door device and indoor devices for entry and exit, wherein the door device includes a guide unit having a guide rail formed in a set longitudinal direction, a sliding door coupled to be able to slide along the guide rail, and a door driving unit for moving the sliding door in the set direction.
Patent KR-20220128561-A (KR)
Title: Video Display System In Elevator Using Wireless Communication
Inventor: CHUNG TAEBOK
IPC: H04N7/18
Filed: 2021-03-12
Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for displaying an internal image of an elevator using a wireless communication. More specifically, while establishing a comprehensive management system for the elevator by stably transmitting an image signal photographed by a camera and a detection signal measured by a sensor inside the elevator by a wireless communication, the present invention relates to the system for displaying the internal image of the elevator using the wireless communication that enables a waiting passenger trying to use the elevator to be displayed so as to enable access of the information of the internal elevator in a situation waiting for boarding, and ensures safety in the elevator and at the same time provides information such as announcements in the building and the like where the elevator is installed to the passenger waiting to board.
Patent KR-20220128910-A (KR)
Title: Multi jig for inspecting and treating small part and manufacturing method of the multi jig
Inventor: SEO SEONG KI
IPC: G01R31/28
Filed: 2021-03-15
Abstract: A multi jig for inspecting and processing a target component includes: a base block; a rotation block coupled to the base block to be rotatable on one side and settling the target component on another side; and an angle fixing unit for temporarily fixing the rotation block to the base block at a certain angle. The present invention can rotate the target component settled in the rotation block around the base block to allow a surface for inspection or processing to head for a predetermined direction and temporarily fix a direction of the target component by using the angle fixing unit.
Patent KR-20220135055-A (KR)
Title: Appratus and method for adjusting of peak signal of dc-dc converter
Inventor: NAM GOANG WOO
IPC: G01R17/02
Filed: 2021-03-29
Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a peak signal correction device of a DC-DC converter comprises: a comparing unit for comparing a peak voltage of an output signal with respect to an input signal applied to a DC-DC converter with a reference voltage; a counter unit for counting an accumulation number of times the peak voltage of the output signal exceeds the reference voltage; and a control unit for adjusting a slew rate of the output signal when the accumulation number of times exceeds a preset reference number of times.