Patent GB-1121459-A (GB)
Title: Coating using wax, surfactant, and film former
IPC: H01F6/06
Filed: 1966-09-06
Abstract: Coating materials, particularly for protecting and lubricating glass fibres during working thereof, comprise a wax in an amount 5-75% by weight of the total solids, 15-85% non-waxy organic polymeric film-former, and at least 0.01 parts by weight per part wax of a surfactant, the wax being distributed throughout the material as particles not larger than 20 m .  The non-waxy film former may include starch, and an additional material such as gelatin or polyvinyl alcohol or, less preferably, alginate, animal glue, hydroxyethyl cellulose or a water-soluble acetate in an amount not more than 0.25 parts per part by weight starch.  The preferred wax is a paraffin wax of M.Pt. above 120 DEG  F.; alternatively beeswax, carnauba, ceresin, mineral, Japan, vegetable, or microcrystalline waxes may be used.  The surfactant may have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of 3-16, e.g. it may be sorbitan monostearate, or the polyethylene condensate thereof, sorbitan mono-oleate or nonyl phenoxy polyethenoxy-ethanol. The coating may include a cationic glass lubricant, e.g. the reaction product of stearic acid and tetraethylene pentamine in an amount at least 0.01 parts by weight per part wax, and an organo-tin bacterial inhibitor.  The several different functions need not be fulfilled by separate components. The coating is preferably applied to glass fibres as an aqueous dispersion consisting of 2-8% by weight coating material and the balance water.ALSO:Coating materials, particularly for protecting and lubricating glass fibres during working thereof, comprise a wax in an amount 5-75% by weight of the total solids, 15-85% non-waxy organic polymeric film former, and at least 0.01 parts by weight per part wax of a surfactant, the wax being distributed throughout the material as particles not larger than 20m .  The non-waxy film former may include starch, and an additional material such as gelatin or polyvinyl alcohol, or, less preferably, alginate, animal glue, hydroxyethyl cellulose or a water-soluble acetate in an amount not more than 0.25 parts per part by weight starch.  The preferred wax is a paraffin wax of M.Pt above 120 DEG F; alternatively beeswax, carnauba, ceresin, mineral, Japan, vegetable or microcrystalline waxes may be used.  The surfactant may have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of 3-16, e.g. it may be sorbitan monostearate, or the polyethylene condensate thereof, sorbitan monooleate or nonyl phenoxy polyethenoxyethanol.  The coating may include a cationic glass lubricant, e.g. the reaction product of stearic acid and tetraethylene pentamine in an amount at least 0.01 parts by weight per part wax, and an organo-tin bacterial inhibitor.  The several different functions need not be fulfilled by separate components.  The coating is applied to the glass fibres during their formation from molten glass, preferably as an aqueous dispersion consisting of 2-8% by weight coating material and the balance water, using a conventional applicator pad, and at a temperature above the wax melting-point, and may constitute 1-2% by weight of the fibres.