Patent GB-587449-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in motive power installations having a generator for hot gas under pressure
IPC: F02B71/06
Filed: 1943-12-20
Abstract: 587,449. Gas turbines. PESCARA, R. P. Dec. 20, 1943, Nos. 21360 and 21361. Convention dates, Dec. 22, 1942. [Class 110 (iii)] [Also in Group XXVII] The plant includes an internal-combustion gas generator 1, of the floating piston type, a compressor 35, a gas turbine 34, driven at least in part by fluid from the compressor, and means whereby at least part of the gas supplied by the generator 1 can be used to heat the fluid between the outlet of the compressor 35, and the inlet of the turbine. The compressor may take in air from the atmosphere (Fig. 2) which is finally exhausted from the turbine 34, or the compressor and turbine may operate on a closed system (Fig. 3), air being exhausted from the turbine 34 and led to the inlet of the compressor 35. A semi-closed circulating system may be used. In Fig. 2 a heat-exchanger 40 is placed between a gas receiver 13 and a turbine 14, air from the compressor 35 being heated by gases passing to 14, thus partly cooling the latter gases. The receiver 13 may have fuel injectors 41 so that fuel is burnt in the receiver. A byepass 42 diverts part of the gas to the turbine 34 ; this diversion may be used for starting up purposes only. The turbines drive electrical generators 46. The shafts 44, 45 may be coupled together. In Fig. 3 exhaust gas from 34 passes through a heat exchanger 38 to heat compressed' air passing to exchangers 40A and 40. Exhaust gas from turbine 14 may pass either to 40A or to atmosphere by way of a cock 48. Further heating may be provided by a combustion chamber 47. The turbine-compressor system may be started by interconnection of the generators 46. Fig. 4 shows a semi-closed system, atmospheric air being supplied by a controllable blower 39 in accordance with the delivery pressure of the generator 1. An auxiliary turbine 49 may be used, supplied with gas diverted by means of a cock 50. A cooler 52 is provided in a pipe 51 leading air from the blower 39 to the gas generator. The exchanger 40 and an auxiliary combustion chamber 41 may be byepassed by a pipe 53. Other modifications of the plant describe one or other of turbines 14, 34 driving plant auxiliaries only, the other driving an external machine. Fig. 7 shows a plant in which turbines 14, 34 are in series, the exhaust gas from 14 being mixed with air from 35 after it is heated in exchanger 40. The gas from turbine 14 serves for starting the system 34, 35. Fig. 8 shows the compressor 35 being used to supercharge the gas generator 1, compressed air being taken from an intermediate stage in 35, the high-pressure gas being used in turbine 34. Gas may also be diverted from turbine 14 by a pipe 56. In another arrangement an auxiliary blower for feeding 1 may be driven by the turbine 35. An auxiliary turbine may be provided on the shaft 44, supplied with gas diverted from turbine 14. A further modification shows a turbine 34, auxiliary turbine, compressor 35, an auxiliary blower for supercharging the gas generator 1, and an electrical generator, all on one shaft. For low powers, the turbine 14 runs alone and the gas generator 1 is not supercharged. In a modified plant, the compressor 35 supplies a mixing chamber which is supplied with gas from a generator 1 and a combustion chamber 13 to cool down the gas supplied to the turbine 34. In Fig. 12 compressed. air from 35 is heated in 40 and may pass, partly through a combustion chamber 62, and partly direct to an intermediate stage of the turbine 34. Part of the air compressed in the compressor of the gas generator 1 may byepass the motor cylinder, fuel being burnt in the diverted air for heating or power production. Specification 563,087 is referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes a regulating valve for controlling the flow of gas from the parts 1, 13, to the turbine, part of the gas being diverted through a cooler if the temperature of the gas rises above a predetermined figure. A thermostat is used in the circuit. In a modified plant a multi-stage turbine has a byepass pipe leading gas either to the second stage turbine or back through the cooler. In a further arrangement, water is injected into the turbine inlet. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.