baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-398527-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of esters
IPC: C07C67/04
Filed: 1932-03-08
Abstract: Esters are produced by reacting a fatty acid having five or less carbon atoms with an olefine having seven or less carbon atoms in presence of a catalyst at above the boiling-point of the ester under the reaction conditions and continuously withdrawing the ester from the reaction space in the vapour form.  When the ester has a higher boiling-point than the acid, the acid must be employed in the form of vapour, but otherwise the acid may be in the liquid form.  Suitable catalysts are chlorides, bromides, phosphates and sulphates of zinc, aluminium, mercury, copper, cadmium, bismuth and antimony, relatively non-volatile inorganic acids such as sulphuric and phosphoric acids, and the metal acid salts and alkyl and aryl derivatives of these acids, such as sodium bisulphate, ethyl sulphuric acid, and benzene sulphonic acid.  A porous or adsorbent carrier may be used for the catalyst. Reduced, normal, or increased pressure may be employed. Preferably the temperature is as little above the boiling-point of the ester as will ensure the quick removal of the vapour from the reaction space.  The excess reagents may be passed through a number of reaction vessels until substantially the whole have combined.  In examples, (1) 500 parts adsorbent carbon are treated with 50 parts of 75 per cent phosphoric acid and heated to 150-250 DEG  C. for two hours in a current of air, and a mixture of acetic acid vapour and propylene is passed over this catalyst at 110 DEG  C.; (2) adsorbent carbon is treated with 10 per cent of a 50 per cent solution of zinc chloride and heated as before, the production of ester being effected in a similar manner. Specification 362,215 is referred to.ALSO:Catalysts for the production of esters from fatty acids and olefines are chlorides, bromides, phosphates and sulphates of zinc, aluminium, mercury, copper, cadmium, bismuth and antimony, relatively non-volatile inorganic acids such as phosphoric and sulphuric acids, and the metal acid salts and alkyl and aryl derivatives of these acids, such as sodium bisulphate, ethyl hydrogen sulphate, and benzene sulphonic acid.  A porous or adsorbent carrier may be used for the catalyst.  In the examples, catalysts are prepared by treating 500 parts of adsorbent carbon with 50 parts of 75 per cent phosphoric acid or 10 per cent of 50 per cent solution of zinc chloride, the mass being heated for two hours at 150-250 DEG  C. in a current of air.  Specification 362,215, [Group IV], is referred to.
Patent GB-104964-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Projectiles.
Inventor: PEARSON PETER JOHN
IPC: F42B12/44
Filed: 1916-05-15
Abstract: 104,964. Pearson, P. J. May 15, 1916. Projectiles.-Relates to projectiles containing an inflammable fluid and provided with a percussion cap for igniting the fluid when the projectile strikes a target. According to this invention, the projectile comprises an outer and inner portion adapted to be displaced relatively to each other on impact, so as to force the inflammable fluid out through channels in the outer portion. The projectile shown in Fig. 2 comprises a perforated head 1 having a shank 6 which fits into an outer portion or body 7. The head is held away from the body by a ring 10, the spaces 8, 9 and perforations 3 being filled with inflammable fluid. Channels (not shown) in the part 7 connect the spaces 8, 9, and grooves are formed on the outside of the head. When the projectile strikes, a percussion cap 13 is fired, the head and body are forced together, and the fluid is thereby expelled and ignited. Fig. 5 shows a modification in which a perforated shell 1 contains a bullet 14 and inflammable fluid in a space 15. On impact, the bullet expels the fluid and fires an internal percussion cap 13a.
Patent GB-432702-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to bearings for railway vehicle axles
IPC: B61F15/16
Filed: 1935-03-05
Abstract: 432,702. Railway - - vehicle axles. TENNANT, W. J., 111, Hatton Garden, London.-(Aktiebolaget Svenska Kullagerfabriken; 17, Artillerigatan, Gothenburg, Sweden) March 5, 1935, No. 6959. [Class 103 (vi)] [See also Group XXXIV] A bearing for a railway-vehicle axle has a housing, and a journal box enclosing the housing has an upper opening exposing the upper part of the housing to receive the load due to the weight of the vehicle. As applied to a self-aligning roller bearing comprising rollers 16 and an inner race ring 13 secured on the axle 12, and spaced from the hub by a distance piece 14, the outer race ring 18 is mounted in a housing 20, the ring 18 being engaged by a flange 21 and a removable end plate 22. - The housing 20 is enclosed in a journal box 34 which has channels 35 for the pedestals 36 of the frame 33, the box being able to move vertically but being constrained against lateral movement. The box 34 has an upper opening 43 through which passes an upwardly extending integral portion 28 of the housing 20, in which portion 28 rests the saddle 29 to which are secured the local carrying springs. The housing 20 can reciprocate laterally in the journal box 34, this movement being opposed by plungers 55 whose ends come into contact with the flange 21 on the housing 20, the plungers 55 being acted upon by preloaded coil springs 52 mounted in housings 50 formed on the journal box 34. The springs also oppose relative turning movement of the inner and outer rings of the bearing.
Patent GB-989571-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus and method for applying a wax coating to the end closures of paper sacks
Inventor: FOWERAKER JOHN WALLACE
IPC: B31B1/74
Filed: 1963-02-21
Abstract: 989,571. Coating by dipping. PAPER SACKS Ltd. Jan. 30, 1964 [Feb. 21, 1963], No. 6989/63. Heading B2B. Apparatus for applying a wax or like coating to the sewn end closure of a paper sack comprises a heated tank or reservoir 1 for the molten coating material, having at one side a waxing compartment 2, the base 3 of which is of undulating form and is thereby adapted to. contain a series of pools of molten coating material. A slot 4 in the side wall of the tank 1 allows the end closure of a paper sack 6 to be inserted and drawn along over the full length of the waxing compartment and leaf springs 16a press the end closure down into the successive pools of molten material. Valves 7 and 8 are arranged to supply molten material to the waxing compartment freshly each time a paper sack is introduced into the slot 4. Felt wipers 18 distribute the coating material on the end closure of the paper sack.
Patent GB-705681-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to control valves for gas burning heating plants
IPC: F23N1/00
Filed: 1951-03-22
Abstract: 705,681. Fluid-pressure servomotor-control systems. HANSEN, H. G. V. March 22, 1951 [Nov. 18, 1950], No. 6996/51. Class 135 A gas burner control valve comprises two pressure operated valves in series between the gas supply and the burner, the first being controlled by a thermostat actuated by a pilot flame and the second by a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the plant being heated by the burner. As shown, the interconnected valves C4, C3 are opened manually by the button K and respectively open the space behind the diaphragm valve M2 to atmosphere via the passages 28, 5, and main burner H and allow gas from the inlet 8 to flow via passage 13 to the burner 12 which heats a thermal element T2 to open a valve allowing gas from behind the diaphragm valve M1 to flow to the burner 20 so that inlet pressure opens M1 and M2 gas flows to the main burner to give a high flame. On closing the valves C3, C4, the burner 12 is extinguished and the valve M2 gradually closes on an adjusting screw B determining the size of the main burner flame. During automatic regulation of the main burner flame both the diaphragms will remain open provided a valve, operated by a thermal element T in response to the temperature in, e.g. a boiler, is open to relieve pressure in a chamber 19 behind the diaphragm M2 via a pipe 17. Should the valve operated by T close, pressure builds up via orifice L behind diaphragm M2 to close it to an extent determined by the screw B. Shoutd the burner 20 fail, both diaphragms close. The thermostat T may be cut out by the cock C1 and the burner shut off by the cock C2.
Patent GB-1382902-A (GB)
Title: Tractor-mounted agricultural machines with multiple tools aligned  transversely to the tractor longitudinal axis
IPC: A01B73/04
Filed: 1972-02-15
Abstract: 1382902 Attaching tools to tractors HERRIAU SA 15 Feb 1972 [8 March 1971] 7003/72 Heading A1P A central chassis unit is supported beneath the chassis of a tractor and to either side of this unit are lateral chassis units which are raised and lowered by parallelogram linkages. The central chassis unit has a beam 5, two carrier wheels 7, and is attached to beam 1 by three link rods 6 which comprise a three point linkage. The chassis unit is raised and lowered by jack 11 with the latter's motion being transmitted to support 8 via connecting rods 12 and 9 which are integral with shaft 10. Each lateral chassis unit has lift arm 4 pivoted to beam 1 at pivot 3 and at its other end arm 4 is pivotally connected to pivot 14, which is rigidly attached to beam 15. A rod 16 of equal length to arm 14 is hinged at 18 to the end of arm 19 which is integral with beam 1, and the arrangement of these arms and rod comprises a parallelogram linkage. Lifting and lowering of this chassis unit is effected by actuating jack 21 so that bracket 20 which is attached to beam 4, turns about pivot 3, Fig. 3. The chassis units shown in the Figures are fitted with seed sowing devices.
Patent GB-1518775-A (GB)
Title: Lamp shade for tubular lamps
IPC: F21V17/04
Filed: 1977-02-18
Abstract: 1518775 Shades for tubular lamps J PETERSEN 18 Feb 1977 [20 Feb 1976] 07059/77 Heading F4R A shade adapted to be mounted directly on a tubular lamp 12 of diameter d comprises a pair of longitudinally-extending concave side plates 18 interconnected by evenly spaced cross-plates 24, the surfaces of the plates being reflective. The cross-plates 24 carry supporting rods 34 and rod-extensions 36 adapted to hold the shade on the lamp in such a position that, when the lamp is horizontal; (a) the uppermost portions 22 of the side plates are above the level of the top of the lamp and have a minimum spacing from the vertical middle plane (shown chain-dotted) of the shade not exceeding 0À6d; (b) the lower portion of each side plate is tangential to a respective plane parallel to the middle plane and spaced therefrom by a distance between 1À3d and 3À0d; and (c) the distance between the bottom of the lamp and a plane through the longitudinally-extending lower edges 26 of the side plates is between 1À7d and 3.0d.
Patent GB-1419033-A (GB)
Title: High capacity underwater acoustic release
IPC: B63C7/26
Filed: 1974-02-15
Abstract: 1419033 Releasing buoys AMF Inc 15 Feb 1974 [17 April 1973] 7129/74 Headings B7A and B7S [Also in Division E2]  An underwater release mechanism for releasing a load in response to a coded acoustic command signal comprises a housing 10 containing an electronic receiver which upon receipt of the signal actuates a detonator causing release of a hook 28 supporting the load. As shown, the housing is connected by a chain link 46 to an anchor 15 and to a buoy 13 through a shackle 36. To retrieve the buoy, a signal passes from a transmitter 11 to a transducer head 10A which through the receiver causes detonation of one of a pair of squibs 14 which forces gas into an actuator cylinder 12 to propel a piston 16 the piston-rod 18 of which causes shearing of a pin 45 and clockwise movement of a release arm 20 which movement pivots a further release arm 24 in an anticlockwise direction thereby releasing the hook 28. Chain link 46 is supported in a U-shaped slot 34B in parallel plates 34 extending along the housing 10 and the centre of the link is offset from the centre of a shaft 30 about which the hook 28 pivots thereby allowing the weight of the anchor to rotate the hook in a counterclockwise direction until the anchor is released. The housing 10 is fixed to the plates 34 by clamps 38 one of which has a tongue and groove 40 to locate the housing. In the embodiment shown, the mechanism supports a load of up to 100,000 lb. and for this purpose the shaft 30 is secured in plates 34 by a plate 30B, Fig. 4 (not shown) keyed to the shaft and secured to a collar (30A) by bolts (30C). In a further embodiment for supporting loads of up to 40,000 lb., Figs. 6-9 (not shown), the shaft 30 is secured by a cotter pin (66) and only a single release arm (62) is provided.
Patent GB-137433-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric signalling controlled by mechanical vibrations
IPC: B61L29/26
Filed: 1919-03-22
Abstract: 137,433. Gardner, J. March 22, 1919. Sound, controlling and actuating apparatus by. -A signalling apparatus, which is caused to give a signal by the increase of resistance due to mechanical vibration of the transmitting device so as to cause a relay to release an armature, is so arranged that the signal continues until interrupted either manually or by a second automatic device. Testing keys are also provided. Details of construction of the apparatus and its enclosing casings are described. Fig. 2 shows the circuits of a bell signal d which is put in action by operation of the current reducing device c which deenergizes the relay a. The relay a is shunted through the contacts e, f<11> and remains de-energized until the relay k is de-energized by the operation of the current reducing device m. The relay k may be put out of action by the switch y which is normally open. A testing switch p is arranged in the circuit of the relay a.. A resistance n serves to adjust the sensitiveness of the apparatus and to prevent short-circuiting of the battery. Two transmitters may be used in series. The transmitter is preferably of the form described in Specification 3405/14, [Class 40 (iv), Telephones &c.], or a modification thereof comprising a single reed which may be bent or twisted and carrying two electrodes. Two reeds may be used and may be flat or twisted and fitted with insulating material suitably formed to support the loose conductors which are preferably hard carbon balls, and may be enclosed m a muslin cage. The transmitter is enclosed in a water-tight box or casing, Fig. 5, which rests on three feet or lugs 33 through which screws may be inserted for permanently fixing the casing to the sleepers. For temporary use a wing-headed bolt is passed through the cover 27 and the base 28 and screwed into the sleeper. A collar 31 or a pin prevents detachment of this bolt. The side of the box is recessed so that the bolt, which is positioned to produce equal pressures on the three lugs 33, does not pass through the interior of the box.
Patent GB-127666-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Pumps.
Inventor: NEATE PERCY JOHN
IPC: F04B43/067
Filed: 1917-05-18
Abstract: 127,666. Neate, P. J. May 18, 1917. Diaphragm pumps; actuating by pulsating fluid pressure; actuating through fluid link.-In a diaphragm pump of the kind in which the diaphragm is reciprocated by the reciprocating action of a piston on a fluid on one side of the diaphragm, a piston or slide valve m, n operated by the diaphragm g controls ports t, v, of which the port t allows excess fluid to escape to the reservoir w, and the port v allows fluid to pass from the reservoir into the diaphragm chamber in case of deficiency. In case of excess, the bulge of the diaphragm moves the valve m sufficiently to uncover the port t and allow the fluid to escape through the channel p in the valve-rod. In case of deficiency, the upward stroke of the piston d produces a partial vacuum, so that the diaphragm is bulged in the opposite direction and moves the valve n to uncover the port v. The reservoir w has a projecting tube x so that the pump may be used in an inverted position, or on aeroplanes. In a modification, non-return valves are provided in the ports t, v. In another form, the diaphragm chamber is connected by a pipe to a valveless aircompressing cylinder, and the double valve m, n is replaced by a hollow cylindrical one.
Patent GB-1148283-A (GB)
Title: Pushbutton sub-assembly for pushbutton electrical switch assembly
Inventor: WALDORF JOSEPH FRANCIS
IPC: H01H13/70
Filed: 1967-02-15
Abstract: 1,148,283. Switches held set and freed mechanically. BROOKHIRST IGRANIC Ltd. 15 Feb., 1967 [24 Feb., 1966], No. 7261/67. Heading H1N. A push-button adaptor 7, Fig. 2, mounted in an apertured panel 8 as by threaded nut 17, carries a pair of contact blocks 12, 13 on its rear face and has a pair of spring biased pushbuttons 3, 4 at the front which actuate the contact blocks through push rods 32, 38. The push-buttons are latched in the actuated position by spring loaded sliding latch plates 53, 54 engageable with enlarged portions 34, 40 of the push rods 32, 38. The latches are released by separate push-buttons 6, Fig. 3, or a common push-button mounted on the housing 7 and camming portions 74 engaging flanged ends 64 of the latch plates 53. A rocking interlock 47 has legs 49, 50 straddling a central wall 46 in the housing 7 and engaged by flat return springs 51, 52 on the push rods 32, 38. Actuation of either push-button thereby rocks the interlock 47 and prevents actuation of the other push-button. The contact units 12, 13 are mounted on the rear of the housing 7 by a rotary locking device 14 described in Specification 1,100,415 and having a latch ring 17 which engages grooves (not shown) on the housing when rotated by a shaft 19 carrying a gear 18.
Patent GB-854260-A (GB)
Title: Device for fitment to packing-bags
IPC: B65D33/16
Filed: 1957-03-06
Abstract: 854,260. Packaging ; parcel carriers, yarn holders ; stoppers. BUDDECKE, H. March 6, 1957 [March 7, 1956], No. 7363/57. Classes 18, 94(1), 125(3) and 133. [Also in Group XXV] Means for closing the mouth of a bag comprises an outer ring 3 and an interfitting annulus or disc 4, the material of the bag being trapped between these means when they are pressed together. In some embodiments the ring has a closure member 11 pivoted to it, a plug 14 closing the aperture 7 of the member 4. The free ends of a bag may be tucked into the aperture 7 and trapped by the plug 14, Fig. 2 (not shown). The bag mouth may be sealed above the device to trap, say, the end 8 of a bundle of yarn in the bag. A pouring spout or series of pouring apertures may be arranged in the member 4. The members 3 and 4 may be joined by an integral plastic strip. The member 4 may be transparent. An elongated arrangement is described, Figs. 12, 13 (not shown). The members 3 and 4 may be arranged as a carrying handle.
Patent GB-1483864-A (GB)
Title: 4,4'-n,n'-disubstituted diphenylamines which can be used for dyeing keratin fibres
IPC: A61Q5/10
Filed: 1975-02-21
Abstract: 1483864 Dyeing keratin with oxidation dyes L'OREAL 21 Feb 1975 [22 Feb 1974] 7420/75 Heading D1B [Also in Division C2] Keratin fibres, in particular human hair, are dyed by impregnating with a composition comprising at least one compound of formula I wherein each of R 1  and R 4  independently denotes a hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, amino, (lower alkyl) -amino, acylamino, carbamyl-(lower alkyl)-amino, hydroxy-(lower alkyl)-amino, (lower alkoxy carbonyl)-amino or ureido group; each of R 2  and R 3  independently denotes a hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, acylamino or ureido group; R 5  denotes a hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy group; R 6  denotes a hydroxy-(lower alkyl), amino-(lower alkyl), acylamino-(lower alkyl), mesylamino-(lower alkyl), carbamyl-(lower alkyl), sulpho-(lower alkyl), piperidino-(lower alkyl), morpholino- (lower alkyl), mono-(lower alkyl)-[amino-(lower alkyl)] or di-(lower alkyl)-[amino-(lower alkyl)] group; and R 7  denotes a lower alkyl, hydroxy- (lower alkyl), amino-(lower alkyl), acylamino- (lower alkyl), mesylamino-(lower alkyl), carbamyl-(lower alkyl), sulpho-(lower alkyl), piperidino-(lower alkyl), morpholino-(lower alkyl), mono-(lower alkyl)-[amino-(lower alkyl)] or di-(lower alkyl)-[amino-(lower alkyl)] group, said lower alkyl and lower alkoxy groups containing I to 6 carbon atoms and said acyl groups being a group of formula: R-CO in which R is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbyl radical; or a salt thereof, together with a compatible diluent or carrier, for 5 to 30 minutes and then rinsing the fibres and optionally washing them with a shampoo and drying them. Hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide and ammonium persulphate are used as oxidising agents.
Patent GB-1428927-A (GB)
Title: Single point mooring system for transferring fluids and a method of installing such a system
IPC: B63B35/44
Filed: 1974-02-19
Abstract: 1428927 Transferring liquid cargoes SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ NV 19 Feb 1974 7428/74 Heading B8E [Also in Divisions B7 and E1] A single point mooring system for transferring fluids comprises a buoyancy unit 2 provided with ballast chambers, a ballast unit 3, a superstructure 5 and a first set of vertical columns 4 provided with the ballast chambers. The columns of this first set are fixed to the ballast unit and can slide vertically relative to the buoyancy unit. A second set of vertical columns 6 are fixed to the buoyancy unit and the superstructure can slide vertically relative to them. A turntable 8 rotatable about a vertical axis is arranged on the superstructure and is provided with hawser 23 for mooring a ship and with equipment 25, 26, 29 for transferring fluids. (For Figure 6 see next page.)
Patent GB-1412887-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for mixing an explosive composition
IPC: B01F13/10
Filed: 1973-02-15
Abstract: 1412887 Making explosives DYNO INDUSTRIER AS 15 Feb 1973 [23 Feb 1972] 7436/73 Heading C1D [Also in Divisions B1 and G1] The constituents of an explosives mixture are mixed in commingling jets from discharge nozzles 18, 19 of pressurized curtains 1, 2 mounted on load cells 16, 17 which emit pulses representative of the weight remaining in the respective containers; the pulses control the air pressure in the containers to vary the rate of discharge to maintain a constant ratio of constituents in the mix. The product is further mixed and kneaded in a screw blender 25, 26, extruded from a nozzle 27, cut into pieces by a knife 29 and removed by conveyers 30, 31. As described in the production of gelegnite, dinitrotoluene and nitroglycol/nitroglycerine are supplied to vessel 1 from weighing vessels 5, 6 and nitrocellulose by weighing conveyer 11, and are stirred to gelatinize them. A powder component is supplied by conveyer 14 to vessel 2 until it reaches a predetermined weight. There are two sets of containers 1, 2 operated alternately.
Patent GB-1262882-A (GB)
Title: Laminated structures
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1969-02-11
Abstract: 1,262,882. Rigid laminated panel. LONZA Ltd. 11 Feb., 1969 [10 Jan., 1969], No. 7444/69. Heading B5N. In the manufacture of a rigid laminated panel having a foamed plastics core between two non- extensible outer sheets, the flexibility of the core layer is increased by forming lattice patterns of grooves in each surface whilst maintaining a continuous central core layer parallel to the outer faces. Preferably, the lattices are such as to form lands of squares. The foam may be heat-treated before bonding to the facing sheets. Specified foamed plastics are closed-cell polyurethane, vinyl chloride polymers, cellulose acetate, polystyrene, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyester, acrylic resin or methacrylic resin. Specified facing materials are metal, plastics, reinforced plastics, wood, glass and ceramics. The bonding adhesive may be unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin, neoprene-based contact adhesive or copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate (optionally including methyl methacrylate).