baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FR-2786504-B1 (FR)
Inventor: CHAPUT LAURENT
IPC: H01F1/147
Filed: 1998-12-01
Granted: 2001-01-05
Abstract: The container comprises a heating part made from a ferromagnetic alloy of the type FeNiCuX (X= Cr, Mo, Mn, Si, Al, W, Nb, V and Ti) having a Curie temperature of 150-370 degrees C, preferably below 350 degrees C, and a magnetostriction coefficient  lambda s of at most 5 x 10<-6> absolute value. The ferromagnetic alloy preferably has a Curie temperature of 275-340 degrees C, more preferably below 325 degrees C, and a coefficient of magnetostriction  lambda s at most 3 x 10<-6> absolute value. The ferromagnetic alloy of the type FeNiCuX (X = one or more of Cr, Mo, Mn, Si, Al, W, Nb, V and Ti) has a chemical composition (in weight %) such that: 50 ≤ Ni ≤ 85; 0 ≤ Cu ≤ 50; 0 ≤ X ≤ 12; (35/25) x (75-Ni) ≤ Cu ≤ (50/35) x (85-Ni); (7/20) x (Ni-65) ≤ X ≤ (12/35) x (Ni-50); and the remainder is iron and unavoidable impurities. Preferably, the chemical composition (in weight %) of the alloy is such that: 55 ≤ Ni ≤ 65; 22 (preferably 25) ≤ Cu ≤ 36 (preferably 35); and 0 ≤ X ≤ 3. The heating part comprises an insert, preferably a plate, incorporated at the bottom of the container, or the wall of the container. An Independent claim is given for the ferromagnetic alloy used for making the heating part of the culinary container described above.
Patent FR-2791289-B1 (FR)
Inventor: TADIC VEDRAN
IPC: F16C35/067
Filed: 1999-03-26
Granted: 2001-05-04
Abstract: A method is disclosed of manufacturing a pulley with integral bearing comprising a sheet metal pulley mounted on the outer race of a bearing. The pulley is a close sliding fit on the outer race. The interstice between the pulley and the race is at least partly filled with a low-melting-point filler metal which, when heated, melts and diffuses by capillary action into the interstice between the pulley and the race, at least partly filling the interstice and fastens the pulley to the race when it solidifies. The filler metal is advantageously a brazing alloy having a melting point much lower than that of the parts to be joined together. Applications of the method include the manufacture of belt tensioning pulleys with integral bearings, as used on automobile vehicle engines, for example.
Patent HU-223808-B1 (HU)
Inventor: KOTANI MASANORI
IPC: B01D61/02
Filed: 2000-03-23
Abstract: A találmány tárgya eljárás karbamid izolálására, amelynek során –egy karbamidot tartalmazó oldatot nanoszűrő membránnal vagy fordítottozmotikus membránnal hoznak érintkezésbe, ahol az oldat egy karbamidottartalmazó természetes anyag, természetes anyagból extraháltkarbamidot tartalmazó frakció vagy karbamidtartalmú szennyvíz, –a karbamidot feloldják és diszpergálják a membránban 5–60 °Chőmérsékleten és 1,3–1,8 MPa nyomáson, – a karbamidotátjuttatják a permeátumoldalra, és – kinyerik a karbamidot apermeátumból. A találmány tárgya továbbá eljárás karbamidelőállítására tejből vagy tejeredetű anyagból, amelynek során –a karbamidot tartalmazó tejet vagy tejeredetű anyagot nanoszűrőmembránnal vagy fordított ozmotikus membránnal hozzák érintkezésbe, –a karbamidot feloldják és diszpergálják a membránban, – akarbamidot átjuttatják a permeátumoldalra, – kinyerik apermeátumot, és olyan kompozíciót kapnak, amelyben a tejeredetűkarbamid mennyisége a kompozíció összes szilárd anyagának 0,2%-a vagyennél nagyobb. A találmány tárgyát képezi tejeredetű karbamidottartalmazó kompozíciók alkalmazása kozmetikai cikkek, kézkrémek vagygyógyszerek előállítására. ŕ
Patent HU-221672-B1 (HU)
Inventor: HORVATH MIKLOS
IPC: B23K10/00
Filed: 2000-07-11
Abstract: A találmány tárgya több műveletre is alkalmassá tehető plazma-vágóberendezés, amely berendezésben – inverter (1) kimenetenagyfrekvenciás energiaátvivő transzformátor(ok) (2) primer tekercsére(3) van kötve, és – a(z egyik) transzformátor (2) primertekercsével (3) szoros csatolásban lévő szekunder tekercsének (4)egyik kivezetése nagyfrekvenciás egyenirányító (5) negatív kimenetévelközösítve nagyfeszültségleválasztó- és ívgyújtóáramkör (6)induktivitásán (7) keresztül a berendezés volfrámcsúcshozcsatlakoztatható kimenetére (8), míg – a nagyfrekvenciástranszformátor (2) szekunder tekercsének (4) másik kivezetése anagyfrekvenciás egyenirányító (5) bemenetére csatlakozik, amely –nagyfrekvenciás egyenirányító (5) pozitív kimenete másikinduktivitáson (9) keresztül a berendezés munkadarabhozcsatlakoztatható kimenetére (10) van kötve. A találmánynak az alényege, hogy – a(z egyik) transzformátor (2) egy másik, aprimer tekerccsel (3) laza csatolásban lévő szekunder tekerccsel (11),vagy a másik transzformátor a primer tekerccsel (3) laza csatolásbanlévő szekunder tekerccsel (11) van ellátva, amely – másik, lazacsatolású szekunder tekercs (11) egyik kivezetésével az első, szoroscsatolású szekunder tekercs (4) körébe kapcsolhatóan van kialakítva,míg – a másik, laza csatolású szekunder tekercs (11) másikkivezetése közvetlenül vagy fojtótekercs (12) sorba kapcsolásával egy,a pilotáramkör ki-be kapcsolására alkalmas kapcsolón (13) keresztülmásik nagyfrekvenciás egyenirányító (14) bemenetére van kötve, amely –másik nagyfrekvenciás egyenirányító (14) pozitív polaritású kimenetesimító fojtótekercsen (16) át a berendezés plazma-vágófejénekpilotserlegére csatlakoztatható pilotkimenetre (17) van kötve. ŕ
Patent HU-225637-B1 (HU)
Title: Sealable locking device and electrical device lockable by means of sealable locking device
Inventor: HILLEBRAND DIETMAR
IPC: H01H9/02
Filed: 1999-08-11
Abstract: Disclosed is a lead sealable locking device for making an actuating device, e.g. a terminal of an electrical device, inaccessible and lead sealing it. The inventive locking device is easy to assemble and can be produced at low cost. Said device (20) has an insert section (2) that can benserted into the plug-in opening (4) of an electrical device. The plug-in opening (4) extends in a perpendicular position with respect to an access opening (19) which provides access, for example, to an electric terminal (5), whereby a clamping screw is provided as an actuating device and said screw can, for instance be released or firmly clamped. By pushing the lead-sealable locking device into the plug-in opening and withdrawing it therefrom, it is possible to block or release the access opening for the electric terminal. The insert section has a through opening (3) into which a lead sealing wire (6) can be inserted, whereby the lead sealing device can be sealed with the electrical device in a position in which the terminal is covered.
Patent HU-223110-B1 (HU)
Title: Fixing element for detachably connecting sheet metal plates that are arranged in a rectangular manner in relation to each other
Inventor: TRESORIER JEAN-FRANCOIS
IPC: F16B37/04
Filed: 2000-10-06
Abstract: The present fixing element serves for detachably connecting sheet metal plates that are arranged in a rectangular manner in relation to each other. The inventive element consists of a receiving component that is provided with a screw thread and, from the side, can be pressed into a rectangular recess underneath the edge of the sheet metal plate and can be clamped by means of spring elements which can be pressed together in an elastic manner. The aim of the invention is to produce the fixing element as cheaply as possible. The receiving component consists of a rectangular threaded plate (1) made of metal sheet and is provided with spring legs (2) on two opposite sides. Said legs match the width of the recess (7) and are joined in a rectangular manner. Each leg (2) is provided with two spring tabs (15) which are diagonally bent outwards, symmetrical in relation to the thread axis. The edges (16) of said tabs are directed towards each other and are separated from each other by a distance (a) that at least corresponds to the width (d) of the sheet metal plates (8).
Patent HU-223748-B1 (HU)
Inventor: HOFMANN THOMAS
IPC: C04B22/16
Filed: 2000-12-01
Abstract: A találmány tárgya alkálifémektől mentes kötésgyorsító lövelltbetonhoz, amelyet alumínium-szulfát vízben és amorf állapotúalumínium-hidroxid adott esetben amint tartalmazó vízben valófeloldásával, továbbá legalább egy, a hidroxi-karbonsavak és afoszforsavak, valamint ezen utóbbiak nemalkáli sói közül választottlegalább egy stabilizálószer és legalább egy habzásgátló szerhozzáadásával állítanak elő. ŕ
Patent HU-223768-B1 (HU)
Title: 14-substituted marcfortines and derivatives useful as antiparasitic agents
Inventor: LEE BYUNG H
IPC: C07D491/22
Filed: 1994-06-07
Abstract: There are disclosed 14 alpha -hydroxymarcfortine derivatives of the natural products marcfortine A, B, C, and D useful in the treatment and prevention of helminth and arthropod infections of animals and plants. The synthetic derivatives are of Formula (I).
Patent HU-224350-B1 (HU)
Title: Therapeutic peptide derivatives
Inventor: KIM SUN HYUK
IPC: C07K14/575
Filed: 1994-08-08
Abstract: Peptide derivatives containing one or more substituents separately linked by an amide, amino or sulfonamide bond to an amino group on either the N-terminal end or side chain of a biologically active peptide moiety. The peptide derivatives have relatively enhanced biological activity when compared to the corresponding peptide alone.
Patent JP-3054947-B1 (JP)
Title: 画像表示方法、画像表示装置、記録媒体、及び、ゲ―ム装置
IPC: A63F13/44
Filed: 1999-02-16
Granted: 2000-06-19
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  バスケットボールにおける３ポイントシュー トアウトマッチを、熟練しないユーザでも、ゲームとし て、簡単に楽しむことができるゲーム装置及びそれに使 用される画像表示方法を提供することである。
【解決手段】  ディスプレイ装置上の表示画面に、シュ ート成功ゾーン及びカーソルを備えたゲージをシュート する選手と共に表示しておき、カーソルのシュート成功 ゾーン方向への移動中、ユーザの指示によってカーソル を停止させ、カーソルがシュート成功ゾーン内で停止し た場合、シュートの成功と判定する一方、そうでない場 合、シュートの不成功と判定するゲーム装置が得られ る。
Patent JP-3012642-B1 (JP)
Title: バッテリ保持構造と該バッテリ保持構造を備えた携帯型電子機器
IPC: H05K5/02
Filed: 1999-03-12
Granted: 2000-02-28
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  衝撃が加わった場合でもカバーの脱落や、端 子の変形がなく、バッテリの着脱の際にも端子を変形さ せない携帯型電子機器のバッテリの保持構造とその保持 構造を備えた携帯型電子機器を提供する。
【解決手段】  バッテリ１２０の両側面にはサポート１ ３０のリブ１３１と摺動可能な溝１２２が設けられてい る。バッテリ収納部１１１内部にはバッテリ１２０を収 納可能なサポート１３０が回転可能に取り付けられてお り、サポート１３０にはリブ１３１が設けられ、回転軸 １３２によりバッテリ収納部１１１の側面のケース１１ ０に回転可能に取り付けられており、上昇位置では収納 されたバッテリ１２０がリブ１３１に沿って引出し可能 であり、下降位置ではバッテリ１２０を端子１７０と保 持面１１３との間に接触状態で保持し、第２のフック１ ４０がバッテリ１２０の端部を下降位置状態に保持す る。
Patent JP-2873958-B1 (JP)
Title: ベールラッパ用角形ベール二段積み装置
IPC: B65B63/00
Filed: 1998-03-20
Granted: 1999-03-24
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  ロールベーラ用リフトアーム式ベールラッパ のリフトアームに取り付け、ハーフサイズの角形ベール を単体で積み込む場合と同じ操作で水平に近い状態にタ ーンテーブル上の駆動ローラに上下二段積みする装置。
【解決手段】  リフトアームに、プッシュアームの下部 をリフトアームの回動方向と同方向に回動可能に枢支 し、このリフトアームの回動支点より下方の下端部に、 リフトアームをほぼ垂直状態に起立させたとき上記ター ンテーブルの外周面に設けたローラ付き固定支点のロー ラと接して、リフトアーム及びプッシュアームに収容さ れたベールを駆動ローラに向け放出するまで回動させる ローラ接触部を設け、ハーフサイズの角形ベールを、駆 動ローラに対して上下二段積みしてストレッチフイルム を巻き付けて密封被覆する。
Patent NL-1043838-B1 (NL)
Title: Front fork structure
Inventor: YUAN-PIN CHANG
IPC: B62K21/04
Filed: 2020-11-11
Granted: 2022-06-28
Abstract: Disclosed is a front fork structure including a stem (1), a fork crown (2), and two fork levers (3). The stem (1) is provided with a joining unit (11) in a bottom thereof; the fork crown (2) is provided with a connecting hole (21) in a center thereof, in which both the connecting hole (21) and the joining unit (11) are provided with screw threads (111, 211) for being joined together to allow the stem (1) and the fork crown (2) to join tightly and then be securely welded together, and two fork connecting units (22) are respectively formed on the left side or the right side of the bottom of the fork crown (2) in correspondence with the joining unit (11); and each of the fork lever (3) is provided with an arc-shaped notch (32) on a top thereof for allowing the two fork levers (3) to be respectively welded onto a fork connecting unit (22) formed on the left side or the right side of the fork crown (2).
Patent NL-2015784-B1 (NL)
Title: Load lock system and method for transferring substrates in a lithography system.
Inventor: MICHEL PIETER DANSBERG
IPC: H01L21/687
Filed: 2015-11-13
Granted: 2017-06-02
Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for transferring substrates into and from a vacuum chamber in a lithography apparatus. The load lock system comprises a load lock chamber provided with an opening for allowing passage of a substrate in and out of the load lock chamber, a transfer apparatus comprising an arm for receiving the substrate and for transferring said substrate through the opening, and an arm transfer drive for driving a transfer movement of the arm through the opening. The arm is movable relative to the arm transfer drive along a substantially vertical axis, wherein the arm is coupled to the arm transfer drive when the arm is arranged at an operational height, and is uncoupled to the arm transfer drive when the arm is arranged at a non operational height.
Patent NL-2015890-B1 (NL)
Title: Portable dual-use water bottle.
Inventor: TIANLE YANG
IPC: A45F3/16
Filed: 2015-12-01
Granted: 2017-05-29
Abstract: The present invention provides a portable dual-use water bottle, consisting of an upper cap, a bottle body and a lower bottom cap having a volume. The lower bottom cap is soft and is buckled to the lower portion of the bottle body by the lower bottom of the bottle body; furthermore, 5 an inner surface of the lower bottom cap and an outer surface of the lower portion of the bottle body are sleeved and fixed to each other by friction; or, convex ribs are provided on the lower portion of the bottle body, and corresponding concave grooves are provided on the lower bottom cap, so that the inner surface of the lower bottom cap and the outer surface of the lower portion of the bottle body are sleeved and fixed to each other by the convex ribs and the concave grooves.
Patent NL-2020268-B1 (NL)
Title: Kit of parts
Inventor: JOHANNES FRANCISCUS HENDRICUS MORSCH
IPC: A47G23/06
Filed: 2018-01-11
Granted: 2019-07-17
Abstract: The present invention is in the field of kit of parts and a box comprising said kit of parts intended for serving a num— ber of drinks, typically including glasses, cups, bottles, etc., which are exposed to situations wherein the drinks may fall over. Such may happen especially in crowded environments, such as bars and festivals, and when unexpected events occur.
Patent NL-2021310-B1 (NL)
Title: A method for performing an astigmatism power test using a computing device having a screen for displaying images relating to said astigmatism power test, as well as a corresponding computing device.
Inventor: YVES FRANCO DIANO MARIA PREVOO
IPC: A61B3/036
Filed: 2018-07-16
Granted: 2020-01-24
Abstract: A method for performing an astigmatism power test using a computing having a screen for displaying images relating to the astigmatism power test, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining an angle of astigmatism, calibrating visual acuity of the user, determining amplitudes required for the astigmatism correction, and determining the needed refraction, as well as a corresponding computer system.
Patent NL-2021641-B1 (NL)
Title: Disposable piping bag with artwork and/or text
Inventor: JAN CORNELIS VAN DER STRAATEN
IPC: B05C17/005
Filed: 2018-09-14
Granted: 2020-05-07
Abstract: The present invention relates to a piping bag. More in particular, the present invention relates to a piping bag for applying a foodstuff to a substrate, wherein the piping bag is of the disposable type. The present invention further relates to a co-extruded tubular foil from which such a piping bag can be obtained and to a method for providing artwork and/or text on such a piping bag. According to the invention, the tubular foil comprises an outer layer, an inner layer, and an intermediate layer arranged in between the outer layer and the inner layer, wherein the intermediate layer comprises pigment particles for laser marking, such as mica particles, preferably mica platelets covered by TiOz, SnOz, or SbOz.
Patent NL-2022397-B1 (NL)
Title: Profiled section element with stepped sidewall
Inventor: MAREK JUZAK
IPC: H02G3/12
Filed: 2019-01-14
Granted: 2020-08-14
Abstract: An elongate profiled section element (1) for a mounting system comprises a bottom (2), a top side (3) opposite the bottom (2), and sidewalls (4, 5) extending from the bottom (2) to the top side (3). The top side (3) comprises two flanges (6) which extend from the side walls (4, 5) and delimit between them a longitudinal slot (20). The top side (3) has a smaller width than the bottom (2). At least one of the side walls (4, 5) is a stepped sidewall (5) having a stepped shape seen in cross section. The stepped sidewall (5) has two wall sections (8, 9) facing the opposite sidewall (4) and an intermediate wall section (7) substantially parallel to the bottom (2). The intermediate wall section (7) is provided with a row of holes (10) and the bottom (2) is provided with a row of holes (11) aligned therewith, said holes (10, 11) being adapted to cooperate with a self tapping screw.
Patent NL-2025199-B1 (NL)
Title: Device and method for simulating compound dynamic disasters in deep mining of coal mine
Inventor: LI YANG
IPC: G01N3/32
Filed: 2020-03-24
Granted: 2022-01-07
Abstract: The present invention discloses a device and method for simulating compound dynamic disasters in deep mining of a coal mine. The device includes a test frame. A supporting frame is arranged on one side of the test frame. The test frame is filled with a 5 coal mixture. A simulating frame is slidably arranged on the supporting frame. Connecting plates are arranged in the middle of the simulating frame. A first simulating device and a second simulating device are arranged on the simulating frame respectively. The first simulating device and the second simulating device can realize a compound dynamic disaster effect through different impact frequencies and impact intensities. The 10 solution can simulate tests of different vibration frequencies and impact intensities to realize different effects in a process of simulating the dynamic disasters. Compared with a traditional art, a simulation effect is better, and data obtained from different impact can be observed effectively. The device of the present invention is simple in structure and relatively low in cost and meets market demands. Meanwhile, acquisition of materials is 15 relatively easy. The tests can be repeated for many times.
Patent NL-2026796-B1 (NL)
Title: Parallel chain-based cross-chain transaction method, device, and blockchain system
Inventor: XIANFENG WU
IPC: G06Q40/04
Filed: 2020-10-30
Granted: 2021-10-26
Abstract: A parallel chain-based cross-chain transaction method, device, and blockchain system are provided. The method include: determining a to-be-completed cross-chain transaction between a transaction initiating chain and a transaction target chain; instructing, based on the 5 cross-chain transaction, the transaction target chain to pay transaction content that is required by the transaction initiating chain for the cross-chain transaction, and when it is detected that the transaction target chain completes the payment, instructing the transaction initiating chain to pay transaction content that is required by the transaction target chain for the cross-chain transaction. In the present application, the parallel chain instructs the transaction initiating 10 chain and the transaction target chain to pay the transaction content that needs to be paid respectively, so as to complete the cross-chain transaction. Because a node in the parallel chain is a common node of the transaction initiating chain and the transaction target chain, the parallel chain may participate in a transaction of the transaction initiating chain and may also participate in a transaction of the transaction target chain. Using this characteristic, the parallel 15 chain regulates and controls in the middle during a transaction, and connects the transaction initiating chain and the transaction target chain, to implement a cross-chain transaction between different chains. In this way, a transaction of a blockchain is no longer limited in a single blockchain network.
Patent NL-2031103-B1 (NL)
Title: Global optimal feed speed planning method for cradle-type machine tools
Inventor: XIAOSHAN GAO
IPC: G05B19/416
Filed: 2022-02-28
Granted: 2023-11-06
Abstract: An embodiment of the description discloses a global optimal feed speed planning method for a cradle—type machine tool, the method comprising: the method constrains the velocity, acceleration and jerk in the machine coordinate system and the chord error in a 5 workpiece coordinate system. Then the optimal feed speed planning problem. is converted, into an optimal control problem, and the optimal solution is illustrated as “bang—bang” control. Finally, an iterative control vector parameter method is used to solve the optimal solution of the optimal control problem, and the solution 10 satisfies the “bang—bang” control. The present invention makes it possible to fully utilize the performance of the machine tool by fully considering the constraints of the whole machining process of the cradle—type machine, including the motion constraints and the geometric error constraints, and completing the whole cutting 15 task in the shortest time.
Patent NL-2032004-B1 (NL)
Title: Hinge for connecting a hatch to a cargo space of a road bound transport vehicle
Inventor: ADRIANUS ANTONIUS JOHANNES MAES
IPC: E05D3/12
Filed: 2022-05-27
Granted: 2023-06-22
Abstract: The present invention relates to a hinge conﬁgured to connect a hatch to a cargo space of a road bound transport vehicle, the hinge comprising a ﬁrst connector conﬁgured to be connected to the cargo space, a second connector conﬁgured to be connected to the hatch, a spacer arranged between the ﬁrst connector and the second connector, a ﬁrst pivot axis pivotally connecting the spacer to the ﬁrst connector, and a second pivot axis pivotally connecting the spacer to the second connector; - wherein the spacer deﬁnes an offset between the first pivot axis and the second pivot axis that is configured to deﬁne a horizontal distance between the cargo space and the hatch in an opened state of the hatch.
Patent RO-73211-B1 (RO)
Inventor: MIULESCU PAUL VIRGIL
IPC: F16H3/76
Filed: 1975-01-30
Abstract: Inventia se refera la un procedeu si cremaliera pentru realizarea unui angrenaj cilindric modificat cu dinti etajati, avînd un raport de transmitere mare, cu ridicarea capacitatii portante a angrenajului cilindric si reducerea gabaritului.
Patent RO-80478-B1 (RO)
Inventor: CSOMOS IOSIF MIHAIL
IPC: B66B13/12
Filed: 1976-11-16
Abstract: Dispozitivul mecanic pentru blocarea usii statiei de baza si a usii cabinei ascensorului de santier, elimina posibilitatea de accidentare prin blocarea mecanica cu un singur dispozitiv atît a usii statiei de baza cît si a usii cabinei ascensorului.
Patent RO-113380-B1 (RO)
Inventor: MOLDOVEANU DUMITRU
IPC: F01N3/20
Filed: 1996-03-04
Abstract: Invenţia se referă la o tobă de eşapament, utilizată în sistemul de evacuare a gazelor, la autovehiculele echipate cu motoare cu aprindere prin scânteie şi destinată atât amortizării zgomotului, cât şi reducerii conţinutului de compuşi poluanţi evacuaţi în atmosferă. Toba de eşapament este prevăzută, la interior, cu un filtru monolit (1), realizat dintr-un amestec de 65% CaMg(CO)sau ciment refractar, îmbogăţit cu 8...10% magneziu, 15% AlO, 5% SiOşi 15% pulbere de fero-mangan, omogenizate într-o soluţie de 15% liant termorezistent în apă. Pe o parte frontală a filtrului monolit (1), în stare umedă, se aplică un strat de pulbere de mangan.
Patent RO-117194-B1 (RO)
Title: Metal pre-treating process and solution
Inventor: OOIJ WIM J VAN
IPC: C23C22/83
Filed: 1995-03-03
Abstract: The invention relates to a metal pre-treating process and solution for coating with a layer of insoluble siloxane-containing composite. The composite layer is formed by washing the metal sheet with an alkaline solution containing at least 0.005 M of a dissolved silicate or aluminate, at least 0.1 volume % of an organofunctional silane and at least 0.02 volume% of a cross-linking agent having two or more trialkoxysilyl groups. After the sheet is dried, the composite layer has a thickness of at least 10 Angstrom. After the sheet is painted the siloxane forms a tenaciuos covalent bond between the paint and the metal substrate, thereby providing an adequate corrosion strength of the metal.