Patent GB-341408-A (GB)
Title: Colouration of textile and other materials
IPC: D06P1/22
Filed: 1929-07-04
Abstract: Cellulose esters or ethers, dyeing; vat and sulphur dyes, dyeing with; printing; dye preparations.-Materials made of or containing cellulose esters or ethers are dyed, printed, or stencilled by the application of free leuco compounds of vat or sulphur dyestuffs including substituted or unsubstituted aminoanthraquinones.  The following types of vat and sulphur dyes are specified:-  1. Indigo and allied colouring matters; (a) indigo and its derivatives, e.g. N.N1-dimethyl indigo and halogenated indigos, such as Ciba Blue 2B, (b) halogenated indirubines, e.g. Ciba Heliotrope B, (c) thioindigo and its derivatives, e.g. halogenated thioindigoid dyes, such as Ciba Bordeaux B, (d) dinaphthindigoid dyes, e.g. Ciba Green G, (e) indigoid dyes obtainable by condensing isatins or thioisatins with a -oxy-naphthalenes or a -oxy-anthracenes or derivatives thereof and if desired subsequently halogenating, e.g. Alizarin Indigo 3R and Helindone Blue 3GN.  2. Anthraquinone colouring matters; (a) simple amino derivatives, e.g. 1-hydroxy-4-amino-anthraquinone, 1 : 5-diamino -4 : 8 - dihydroxy-anthraquinone, 1 - methyl-amino-anthraquinone, 1 : 4-dianilido-anthraquinone, (b) anthraquinone-quinolines, e.g. 1 : 2-dihydroxy-anthraquinone-quinoline, (c) acylamino anthraquinones, e.g. 1-acetylamino-anthraquinone, 1 : 4-dipropionylaminoanthraquinone (obtainable by the action of propionic anhydride on 1 : 4-diaminoanthraquinone), 1 : 5-dibenzoylaminoanthraquinone, succinyl-a -amino anthraquinone, 1 : 5-dibenzoylamino-4 : 8-dihydroxy-anthraquinone, (d) anthrapyridones, e.g. 4-methylaminoanthrapyridone, (e) anthraquinone-mercaptans including their derivatives substituted in the nucleus and/or the mercapto groups, (f) benzanthrones and dibenzanthrones, e.g. violanthrone, iso-violanthrone, amino-violanthrone, dimethoxy-dibenzanthrone, (g) pyranthrone and its derivatives, (h) anthraflavone, (i) anthraquinone acridones, e.g. anthraquinone 1 (NH)-2 (CO)-naphthacridone, (j) dianthraquinonyls and acidylamino derivatives, (k) dianthraquinonylamines and derivatives, e.g. acidylamino derivatives, (l) anthraquinone azines and hydroazines, e.g. dianthraquinone-dihydroazines and their halogenated derivatives such as 1 : 2 : 11 : 21-dianthraquinone azine an its dichlor derivatives, (m) anthraquinone oxazines, (n) anthraquinone dioxides, (o) anthraquinone thiazines, (p) anthraquinone disulphides, (q) anthraquinone xanthones, (r) anthraquinone thioxanthones, (s) anthraquinone carbazoles, (t) anthraquinone thiazoles.  3. Derivatives of benzoquinone and naphthoquinones, e.g. those mentioned in Specifications 321,401, and 327,860, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.].  4. Indophenols and their derivatives, e.g. halogen derivatives.  5. Perylene quinones and their amino, halogen and other derivatives.  6. Dyestuffs obtainable by alkali fusion of imides and substituted imides of naphthalene peridicarboxylic acids and the dyestuffs obtainable by condensing naphthalene 1 : 4 : 5 : 8-tetracarboxylic acids with mono- or di-amines.  7. Sulphur dyestuffs commonly applicable from sulphide, hydrosulphite, or other vats, e.g. the dyes obtained by sulphurizing indophenols derived from carbazol.  The free leuco compounds may be applied in solution, e.g. in organic solvents, but are preferably applied as aqueous dispersions or suspensions obtainable by mechanical treatment or by treatment with dispersing agents and/or protective colloids, or by liberating the leuco compounds in presence of dispersing agents and/or protective colloids.  Specified dispersing agents are sulphoaromatic fatty acid compounds, e.g. sulphobenzene palmitic acid compounds (see Specification 242,393, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]), sulphoaromatic ricinoleic acid compounds, e.g. sulphonaphthalenericinoleic acid (see Specification 273,819, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]), naphthenic acids or other carbocyclic compounds containing salt-forming groups or salts of such acids or compounds (see Specification 224,925, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]), sulphonated oil compounds, e.g. sulphonated castor oil, furfural-naphthalene sulphonic acid compounds (see Specification 322,737, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]), resino-naphthalene sulphonic acid compounds (see Specification 323,788, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]), formaldehyde naphthalene sulphonic acid compounds, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, and aralkylnaphthalene sulphonic acids, sulphite cellulose waste liquor or its constituents or products of transformation, e.g. lignin sulphonic acid compounds, sulphonic acid compounds of mineral oils, tar oils, brown coal tar oils, and the like, and their products of condensation with alcohols, and sulphonic acid compounds of distillation residues of benzaldehyde. Specified protective colloids are carbohydrates (including gums), glue, and gelatine.  Aqueous dispersions or suspensions of the free leuco compounds may be acid, neutral or even slightly alkaline, e.g. they may have hydrogen ion concentrations corresponding to pH values between 3 and 9.  The free leuco compounds may be applied in conjunction with swelling agents for the cellulose esters or ethers.  Materials containing wool or silk in admixture with the cellulose esters or ethers may be dyed in solid or contrasting shades according to the relative affinities for the free leuco compounds, and, in view of the small affinity of cotton, linen, regenerated cellulose, and like cellulosic fibres for the free leuco compounds, cross dyed effects are obtainable on materials containing such fibres in admixture with the cellulose esters or ethers, in which case the cellulosic fibres may be dyed by other methods.  The following examples are specified.  (1) Hanks of cellulose acetate yarn are dyed by treatment at 75-80 DEG  C. in a bath containing Ciba blue G powder dispersed with sodium sulphonaphthalene ricinoleate prepared according to Example A of Specification 242,393, caustic soda, hydrosulphite, and sufficient acetic acid to make the bath slightly acid to litmus, followed by rinsing, hydroextraction, and air oxidation.  (2) Hanks of cellulose acetate yarn are dyed by a similar process using Caledon jade green, Caledon red BN, or 21 : 51-dichloro-1 : 2-anthraquinone thioxanthone dispersed with sulphonated castor oil.  (3) A cellulose acetate woven fabric is dyed by a similar process using the indophenol obtained by oxidation of p-aminodimethylaniline and a -naphthol, dispersed with sulphite cellulose liquor.  (4) A cellulose acetate-wool woven fabric is dyed by treatment at 75-80 DEG  C. in a bath, made slightly acid with acetic acid, containing the leuco compound of 1-benzoylamino-4-oxyanthraquinone and gelatine, followed by rinsing and oxidation at 60 DEG  C. in a bath containing sodium bichromate and sulphuric acid.  (5) A cellulose p  acetate-cotton woven fabric is dyed, the cotton first with Caledon jade green from a sodium phenate-hydrosulphite vat by the method of Specification 262,506, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], the cellulose acetate afterwards by treatment at 75 DEG  C. in a bath containing the leuco compound of 1-amino-2-methylanthraquinone, dispersed with neutral or faintly acid turkey red oil, and hydrosulphite, followed by rinsing and oxidation at 60 DEG  C. in a bath containing sodium perborate.  (6) A cellulose acetate woven fabric dyed violet with the azo dyestuff 3 : 5-dinitro-2-aminoanisol --> a -naphthylamine is printed with an aqueous paste containing gum arabic, Ciba pink B, sodium sulphonaphthalene ricinoleate, caustic soda, and hydrosulphite made neutral or faintly acid with a mixture of formic acid and formosul; the fabric is then dried, steamed, and oxidized at 60 DEG  C. in a bath containing sodium bichromate and sulphuric acid.  The Provisional Specification also refers to the use of molasses as dispersing agent or protective colloid.  1 : 4-Dipropionylaminoanthraquinone is obtained by the action of propionic anhydride on 1 : 4-diaminoanthraquinone.