baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-360371-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of sheet material from fibres produced from animal hides and skins
IPC: C08L89/06
Filed: 1930-07-29
Abstract: Artificial leather is made by disintegrating scraps and cuttings of leather and hides, suspending the disintegrated fibres in water, neutralizing the suspension, adding a binding agent such as rubber latex, adding a catalyst to precipitate the binder on to the fibres, and subsequently separating the liquid to form a sheet of fibrous material.  Where the initial material is not tanned, a tanning agent may be added prior to neutralization, and when leather scrap is used, a detanning agent is added, followed by a tanning agent.  In one method, the material is first washed in water, after which a thin slurry of the fibres in aqueous suspension is made.  The fibres are then neutralized and partially detanned by the addition of a mild alkali such as sodium carbonate if the fibres are vegetable tanned, or by the addition of Rochelle salts if the fibres are mineral tanned.  A tanning agent such as sumach or quebracho, mineral tannin such as chrome, or a synthetic tannin, is then added, and a grease in the form of an emulsifiable oil such as sulphonated cod oil or colloidal neat's foot oil.  After mixing, the slurry is again neutralized by means of an alkali.  A binding material is then added, for example, rubber, guttapercha, or balata latex, or a synthetic latex.  An acid catalyst such as alum, calcium chloride or an organic acid is next added to precipitate the binder on the fibres.  The liquids in the slurry are then extracted in any manner, for instance by discharging it upon a screen and applying pressure or suction to produce a coherent sheet.  The sheet material is then passed through pressure rolls.  Dyes may be added to the slurry.  In the treatment of untanned raw material, the material is washed, made into a slurry, a tanning agent and grease are added as before described, the slurry is neutralized by the addition of alkali, or by washing in water, and the binding agent is added as before.  Subsequent treatment is the same as previously described.
Patent GB-205456-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to foot wear
IPC: A43B1/10
Filed: 1922-04-07
Abstract: 205,456. Plantation Rubber Manufacturing Co., Ltd., and Dessau, M. M. April 7, 1922. Slippers; sandals; soles.-Bathing slippers, sandals, and the like made of crepe or plantation smoked sheet rubber, or partly of the one and partly of the other, are characterized by the fact that two soles c, d cut from such sheet material are each connected directly at their edges, without the use of fabric, to a marginal part of the upper a by solution or latex and a strip e, &c. at a distance apart so as to form a cavity which may be left hollow to form a pneumatic sole, or contain filling material f.
Patent GB-1523758-A (GB)
Title: Vacuum cleaning device
IPC: A47L9/08
Filed: 1975-10-29
Abstract: 1523758 Vacuum cleaners ENVIRO-BLAST INTERNATIONAL 29 Oct 1975 23315/77 Divided out of 1523757 Heading A4F A vacuum cleaning device for removing debris from a surface 73 comprises a hood 50 supported on and movable over the surface and having its open side confronting the surface to form therewith a travelling vacuum chamber, a nozzle 75 supported for independent movement in the hood and directed towards the surface, means to supply compressed air to the nozzle, and means to withdraw air from the hood to maintain a vacuum therein and to entrain and withdraw agitated particles from the hood. The hood is vertically adjustably mounted by brackets and bolts 58 on a carriage 15 having a square frame provided with rear wheels 30 driven from a variable speed electric motor 45 and steerable front wheels 17. A first bearing 85 is mounted on the hood and rotatably supports a tubular portion 84 of a rotatable structure 76 which consists of a pair of struts 77, 78 having leg portions 79, 80. A transverse beam 81 interconnects the portion 29, 80 and is vertically adjustably mounted thereon. A plate 120 is adjustable along the beam 81 and rotatably mounts a second bearing 105 housing the nozzle 75 so that, as the structure 76 is rotated by a chain drive 97 from a motor 106, the nozzle moves in a circular path without rotating about its axis. A flexible hose 106 is connected to the nozzle and passes through the tubular portion 84 to a clamp 111 that grips the hose to prevent rotation of the hose. A coupling 112 connects the hose 106 to a line 12 connected to an air supply. A baffle 131 is adjustably mounted on the beam 81 to protect an inner flexible skirt 71 secured to the bottom of the hood by U-shaped retaining springs 74. An outer flexible skirt 67 is also secured to the bottom of the hood and reinforced by a circumferential brush 69. A counterweight 125 is adjustably mounted on the beam 81 to balance the nozzle and baffle assembly. An air jet pump 63 is supplied with air under pressure from a line 11 to create a suction effect in the hood so as to remove debris agitated by the air from the nozzle 75, the line 11 being connected to an annular jet nozzle 64 which is mounted on the side of the hood and is connected to a diffuser 62 and a line 13 leading to a vacuum pump 146 and air cleaner 14, the solid particles being collected in a hopper 148 and clean air being discharged through an outlet 147.
Patent GB-797544-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers
Inventor: HILLIARD ALFRED
IPC: F28F7/02
Filed: 1955-08-15
Abstract: 797,544. Heat exchangers. SOC. LE CARBONE-LORRAINE. Aug. 1, 1956 [Aug. 15, 1955; Dec. 6, 1955], Nos. 23442/55 and 34954/55. Class 64(3) A 'heat exchanger block is provided with an opening (or set of openings) for one heat exchange medium and with at least one other opening (or sets of openings) for another heat exchange medium, whereby the said openings (or sets) can be surrounded by gaskets which do not cross each other, said openings (or sets of openings) communicating with a least two corresponding sets of ducts which extend through the block and transversely across each other in the block. A number of such blocks may be secured together, as by tie bars, 'to form a column. Figs. 1 and 2 show a column of rectangular blocks 10, 11, 12 each formed with ducts extending therethrough and interconnected in sets in the manner shown in Fig. 2 by headers (not shown) to provide for the simultaneous flow of a plurality of fluids through separated sets of ducts in the column, the sets of associated duct openings being separated from one another at the end faces of each block by gaskets, e.g. 15. Fig. 4 shows a column of rectangular blocks each having two sets of ducts 30, 31 therein for separate fluids. The ducts 31 communicate with manifold recesses 35, 36 which provide openings in the end faces of the blocks in areas which are separated by gaskets 34 from areas surounding openings constituted by the ends of ducts 30. . Fig. 7 shows a circular block having three sets of ducts therein, two sets 69, 70 extending diagonally across the block between openings 67, 64 and 63, 68 respectively and a third set 72 extending axially between the end faces of each block. The individual fluids are separated at the ends of the blocks by gaskets 73, 74, 75. The gaskets 74 and 75 may be omitted if the same fluid passes through the ducts 70, 72 or 69, 72 respectively. The blocks may be made of metal or of graphite. Specifications 736,305, 739,906, 756,327 and 756,420 are referred to.
Patent GB-738828-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of steroid compounds
Inventor: LEIGH THOMAS
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1952-09-19
Abstract: Steroid compounds containing the group -COCH2- are brominated with 1,4-dioxan perbromide thereby converting the group into -COCHBr-. The process may be carried out in an inert solvent, e.g. 1,4-dioxan. The dioxan perbromide may be formed in an excess of 1,4-dioxan and then reacted with the steroid compounds without isolation.  In the examples methyl 3a  - acetoxy - 12 - keto - 11a  - bromocholanate and the corresponding 11b -bromocholanate are obtained from methyl 3a -acetoxy - 12 - ketochloanate, 11,23 - dibromohecogenin acetate is obtained from hecogenin acetate, 3a  - acetoxy - 17a  - hydroxy - 11,20-diketo - 21 - bromopregnane is obtained from 3a  - acetoxy - 17a  - hydroxy - 11,20 - diketopregnane, and 2 - bromocholestan - 3 - one is obtained from cholestan-3-one.
Patent GB-971687-A (GB)
Title: Plasma generator
IPC: H01J27/18
Filed: 1963-06-14
Abstract: 971,687. Thermonuclear apparatus. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. June 14,1963 [Aug. 9, 1962], No. 23704/63. Heading G6P. A device for producing a stable energetic plasma within an evacuated enclosure permeated by an axially symmetrical magnetic mirror field, comprises a reflecting cavity within the enclosure and means for feeding microwave energy, at the electron cyclotron frequency, to the cavity to form a plasma blanket shielding the interior from neutral particles. In the drawing the enclosure 1 is provided with a copper liner 4 to which microwave energy can be fed through a waveguide 9 from a generator 8. The enclosure can be evacuated through conduits 3,3<SP>1</SP> and the liner through conduit 5. Gas feed lines 6, 6<SP>1</SP> communicate with the liner which is perforated on its annular surface and which is provided with waveguide cut-off tubes 7, 7<SP>1</SP> at its ends. The ends of the lines are surrounded by mirror coils 2,2<SP>1</SP> which provide the confining magnetic field. In operation the enclosure and liner are evacuated to a pressure of 10<SP>-6</SP> mm. and feed gas, such as deutenium, is fed into the liner so that the pressure in the liner is at a selected value in the range 3 - 6 Î 10<SP>-5</SP> mm and the pressure outside the liner is at a selective value in the range 1 - 2 x 10<SP>-5</SP> mm. The actual values of the pressures are set by the rate of gas feed and the operating power of the generator 8. For example with the generator operating at 3. 5 Kw and 10. 8 Kmc and the gas feed rate at 0.12 cc/sec,the pressures are adjusted to 1. 5 x 10<SP>-5</SP> mm within the liner and 3 Î 10<SP>-5</SP> mm outside the liner. A plasma 12 is produced within the liner by the energy supplied to the electrons in the system from the generator 8, heating being produced at the electron cyclotron frequency along the liner 13,13<SP>1</SP> of constant magnetic flux. The plasma forms a blanket shielding the area 11 from neutral particles so that a stable energetic plasma is formed in this area. The ion density of the trapped plasma may be increased by the injection of a beam of neutral tritium having an energy between 50 and 100 Kev.
Patent GB-482510-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to soldering fluxes
IPC: B23K35/36
Filed: 1936-08-29
Abstract: A soldering-flux comprises one or more natural or artificial resins and one or more aromatic acids and/or certain aromatic acid derivatives.  The derivative may be an anhydride of an aromatic acid, a mixed anhydride of two aromatic acids or of an aromatic and an aliphatic acid, or an acylated derivative of a hydroxyl-substituted aromatic acid.  If only aromatic acids are present no other substance must be added which in the finished joint would be soluble in or would react with water.  The aromatic acid may be added in the form of a resin, a gum-resin, or an oleoresin which contains it, e.g. benzoin.  Specific fluxes described contain (a) wood rosin, shellac, and benzoyl salicylic acid, (b) wood rosin and phthalic acid, (c) wood rosin, salicylic acid, and phthalic anhydride, (d) shellac and benzoic acid.  Other aromatic acid derivatives referred to are formyl-, acetyl-, and propionyl-salicylic acids.  The Provisional Specification refers also to the use of anisic acid and anthranilic acid, and of halogen, nitro, and sulpho derivatives of aromatic acids; and describes a flux consisting of wood rosin, salicylic acid, and phthalic acid.  The fluxes, which may be used as the core of a solder rod, are made by mixing or fusing the ingredients together. In the Complete Specification the term "aromatic acid" is used to include only those aromatic acids having the carboxyl group in the nucleus.  Specification 471,202 is referred to.
Patent GB-805647-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for irradiating the human body
IPC: A61N5/10
Filed: 1956-08-01
Abstract: 805,647. Irradiating apparatus. BROWN, BOVERI & CIE A. G. Aug. 1, 1956 [Aug. 5, 1955], No. 23724/56. Class 98(1) Apparatus for irradiating the human body comprises a betatron rotatable about a horizontal axis and rigidly connected to a frame Which has a support movable vertically relative to the frame and carrying a treatment table provided with means to maintain it horizontal and arranged on its support so as to be movable in directions parallel and perpendicular to the rotary axis of the betatron. As shown, the betatron 1 is rotatable about horizontal axis 3 in a support 2 and carries a frame 4 in which a support for a treatment table 9 is journalled about a parallel axis 8. This support comprises beams 5 on which table 9 is movable in the direction of axis 8 and also perpendicularly thereto, these beams being joined by cross pieces 6 movable vertically on pivot arms 7. A linkage 10, 11, 12 maintains table 9 horizontal as the betatron is rotated. To aid in positioning the patient on table 9, an X-ray tube may be attached to the betatron and a fluorescent screen may be disposed beneath the table 9; an adjustable mirror may be mounted below the screen. A pulley system and an endless rope may replace the linkage 10, 11, 12.
Patent GB-1103177-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of an isoxazole derivative
IPC: C07D261/12
Filed: 1966-05-27
Abstract: 3 - Hydroxy - 5 - aminomethylisoxazole and its acid addition salts are prepared by reducing 3 - hydroxy - 5 - isoxazole carboxamide with diborane in an organic solvent, optionally followed by salt formation.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,034,939.
Patent GB-1048848-A (GB)
Title: Antioxidant compositions
Inventor: ROGERS ERIC
IPC: C08K5/42
Filed: 1964-06-09
Abstract: Liquid phenolic antioxidants are rendered self-emulsifiable in water by the presence of an alkali metal dialkylsulphosuccinate. The dialkylsulphosuccinate may comprise 1-20% of the phenolic compound. Specified phenolic compounds are butylated and octylated phenols and cresols, methylcyclohexylated cresols, benzylated phenols and cresols and a -methyl benzylated phenols and cresols; specified dialkylsulphosuccinates are the sodium and potassium salts of compounds having 4-18 C atoms in the alkyl groups.  A water-soluble solvent, e.g. a ketone, alcohol or glycol may also be present in the mixture to be emulsified.ALSO:An antioxidant composition suitable for use in stabilization of rubber by addition to a latex thereof comprises a liquid phenolic antioxidant and an alkali metal dialkylsulphosuccinate. The composition may also contain a water-soluble organic solvent and is preferably emulsified with water before addition to the latex. Specified phenolic compounds are butylated and octylated phenols and cresols, methylcyclohexylated cresols, benzylated phenols and cresols and a -methylbenzylated phenols and cresols; specified dialkylsulphosuccinates are the Na and K salts of compounds having 4-18 C-atoms per alkyl group.  The solvent may be an alcohol, glycol or ketone.ALSO:Aqueous emulsions for stabilizing synthetic rubber comprise a liquid phenolic antionidant and an alkali metal dialkylsulphosuccinate and may be prepared by adding water to the mixed components, if desired in the presence of a water-soluble organic solvent.  The phenolic compound may be an alkylated, cycloalkylated or aralkylated phenol, e.g. a styronated phenol, and the dialkysulphosuccinate preferably contains 4-18 c-atoms in the alkalyl groups.  The organic solvent may be a ketone, alcohol or glycol.  Proportions are specified.
Patent GB-359609-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to clutches for power transmission
IPC: F16D23/08
Filed: 1930-08-09
Abstract: 359,609. Claw clutches. CARLING, W. T., Tangley, Sydney Road, Guildford, Surrey. Aug. 9, 1930, No. 23876. [Class 80 (ii).] In claw clutches for use i n conjunction with motorvehicle changespeed gearing and provided with locking- means preventing engagement except on substantial synchronism, e.g. as described in Specifications 282,121, 294,301, [both in Class 80 (ii), Gearing, Variable-speed &o.], and 341,906, the end faces 2b, 3b of the clutch teeth 2a, 3a are slightly inclined in such direction as to allow the teeth to slide sufficiently into engagement if the driven member 3 is running somewhat faster than the driving member 2, in order to prevent the sliding member 3 from being thrown back against the engaging pressure, as may happen if teeth with rounded edges are used. The locking- device may be of the kind described in Specification 341,906, wherein intermittent engagement between a flanged ring 7 and the member 2 is produced by domes 6a and shallow recesses 2e when the ring is forced to the left. Movement of the member 3 to the left to change gear may be arrested in two stages by staggered shoulders 9, 10 on fingers 8 extending from the ring 7 into arcuate slots 3g in the member 3. Shoulder 9 contacts with an abutment surface 3e if the member 3 is overrunning, but when it is overtaken, the parts 7, 8 are shifted to release the first lock. The shoulder 10 then contacts with an abutment surface 3f until the speed of member 2 falls below that of member 3, engagement of the clutch teeth being facilitated bv the bevelled faces. The member 2 is slowed down either by declutching the engine and applying a clutch-stop, or by throttling the engine manually or by the automatic means described in Specifications 315,967 and 316,790, [both in Class 80 (ii), Gearing, Variable-speed &c.].
Patent GB-337805-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to miniature waterways for toy or experimental purposes
IPC: A63H23/16
Filed: 1929-08-06
Abstract: 337,805. Smith, J. K. Catterson- Aug. 6, 1929. Resistance to propulsion, determining. - A miniature waterway for experimental purposes is built up from a number of readily separable troughs connected end-to-end by clamping devices so arranged that a water-tight joint is made between adjacent troughs, the assembled troughs when filled with water serving to float model ships &c. The troughs are of various shapes A, B, C, Fig. 1, and when assembled may be associated with a railway H fitted with cranes, capstans, &c. Model ships may be propelled along the waterway by means of electromagnets disposed along the bottom of the troughs, or by means of electromotors driven from conductor rails similarly situated. The troughs are provided with end-flanges D and are connected by bolts or by U-shaped clamps, the joints being rendered watertight by gaskets of rubber or cork. In modifications, the troughs are connected by lapjoints or by means of headed studs 0, Fig. 7, that project from the flange on one trough, pass through the enlarged ends P<1> of slots in the flange of the adjacent section and are moved by. relative rotation of the troughs into engagement with the ramped ends P of the slots.
Patent GB-1042477-A (GB)
Title: Silver complex diffusion transfer process
IPC: G01P1/12
Filed: 1963-06-17
Abstract: 1,042,477. Silver salt diffusion transfer process. GEVAERT PHOTO-PRODUCTEN N.V. June 17, 1963 [June 15, 1962], No. 24043/63. Heading G2C. In a silver salt diffusion transfer process, wherein a silver halide emulsion is exposed imagewise and then contacted in the presence of an alkaline processing solution and a silver halide solvent with a receptor material containing development nuclei so that a silver image is obtained therein, the receptor material contains hydroquinone and the emulsion a 3-pyrazolidone. The pyrazolidone is preferably of the formula where R 1  is aryl or substituted aryl, R 2  is hydrogen or acyl,R 3  to R 6  are hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl or substituted aryl. The receptor sheet preferably contains an alkali metabisulphite, an inorganic bisulphite or an aldehyde bisulphite whilst the processing solution may contain 1- phenyl-5-mercapto-tetrazole and sodium bromide.
Patent GB-532198-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cathode glow discharge tubes used as voltage controllers
IPC: H01J17/30
Filed: 1939-08-21
Abstract: 532,198. Discharge tubes. PATENT-TREUHAND-GES. FUR ELEKTRISCHE GLUHLAMPEN. Aug. 21, 1939, No. 24047. Convention date, Aug. 23, 1938. [Class 39 (i)] A glow discharge tube used as a voltage limiter consists of a cathode g surrounding concentric main and auxiliary anodes f, e the latter being in the form of crown wheels. All three are supported on an insulator d with a projection having recesses d' and raised parts d<SP>2</SP> on which the teeth of the crown wheels are supported; gaps d<SP>3</SP> are for the leads to the anodes, these leads passing through a tube b<SP>1</SP> sealed to the pinch b. The auxiliary anode maintains a discharge to facilitate discharge from the main anode.
Patent GB-243857-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the distillation of carbonaceous materials
IPC: C10B1/10
Filed: 1924-10-10
Abstract: 243,857. Laing, B., and Nielsen, H. Oct. 10, 1924. Coking processes.-Means are provided for admitting a heating gas to different points of the retort in such a manner that the amount of heat or the quality of the heating medium may be adjusted or varied. The hot gases enter a retort C by an inlet E, and a part enter a concentrically mounted tube A and flow into the material through openings a<1> controlled by valves a<2>, a valve B being provided at the end of the tube. The material to be carbonized is fed through a conduit D<2> and discharged through an opening D', the mixed heating gases and distillates leaving by a conduit C'. The tube A may be moved longitudinally in the retort. In a modification, Fig. 3, ducts or passages F are formed in the retort lining F<1> and the heating gases, throttled by a constriction G, are forced along the ducts and through the openings f controlled by valves f<1>. The retort may be inclined or vertical, or may be rotary, and when treating strongly coking coals these may be passed through a heating and a cooling zone before further heating, thereby avoiding clogging the retort. To prevent condensation in the retort near the gas outlet some of the heating gas may be bypassed, so as to mingle with the gases leaving the retort and raise their temperature. Retorts such as described in Specifications 178,537, 202,738, 223,302, or 227,880 may be modified to operate in the manner described above.
Patent GB-646806-A (GB)
Title: Chain construction
IPC: F16G13/06
Filed: 1947-09-01
Abstract: 646,806. Driving-chains. DEHN, F. B. (Chain Belt Co.). Sept. 1, 1947. No. 24110. [Class 24] [Also in Group XXII] In a chain link comprising tubular bush. ings 1 and 10 and a pair of side plates 9, the bushings are initially flared at the ends to en. large same both inter nally and externally, and are press fitted into holes in the side plates, the flared ends providing the major portion of the press fit interference between the bushings and the side plate holes. The latter are produced by a punching operation which results in a tapered hole, the minimum diameter of which is arranged to be slightly less than the outside diameter of the bushings. The side plates are assembled so that the minimum diameter of the holes is disposed toward the inside of the link. The flaring operation may be carried out cold on the soft bush by any suitable forming machine, such as a system of dies and punches, (see Group XXII), in which the taper on the punches is of slightly greater angle than that on the dies. so that the flare itself is slightly tapered. The bushes are then case hardened and pressed into the side plates, the end space 11 between the bushing and the pin 12 facilitating oiling of the pin and tending to avoid end wear of the bushings. An example of suitable dimensions of the parts is given.