Patent GB-1027557-A (GB)
Title: Waveform recognition apparatus
IPC: G06V30/144
Filed: 1964-11-04
Abstract: 1,027,557. Automatic character reading. NATIONAL CASH REGISTER CO. Nov. 4, 1964 [Dec. 5, 1963], No. 44930/64. Heading G4R. In a character reader of the kind in which the character is sensed to produce a characteristic waveform which is applied to a delay line 38, Fig. 1, having sampling taps t1-t8 and t11 providing signals for recognition networks RN1-RN16 one of which will produce a maximum response, there being timing circuitry for determining the instant when the waveform is properly positioned in the delay line means are provided which when the leading peak of the waveform is malformed so as to cause the timing circuitry to operate too early, detect the later occurrence of a maximum response from a second recognition network and produce an error signal. The characters are specially shaped magnetic characters in E 13 B code. The outputs from the taps of the delay line are inverted at 43, and applied to the recognition circuits in true and inverse form. The detectors 49 each comprise a capacitor connected to the base of a transistor normally biased off. Just before the waveform reaches its correct position in the delay line the capacitors are discharged by a reset signal on line 12. At the instant the waveform is properly positioned the line 13 is energized to remove the bias and allow any transistor to conduct which is associated with a capacitor having a positive charge. Only one of the transistors should conduct. The signal on the corresponding one of sixteen leads is converted at 60 to a combination of marks in two out of six leads. The signals are stored at 53. The seventh flip-flop 47 is set if a multiple output error is produced. Some characters require double reading. A circuit detecting whether a character requires double reading or not receives outputs from the flip-flops A5-A7. If no double reading is required the converter 131 is enabled by a signal on lead 150 and the character is transmitted in a four-bit code to a sorter. If double reading is necessary the sampling line 13 is energized again when the waveform has moved along one tap in the delay line. The detectors 49 are not reset between the two readings. If the character was correctly read first time the same detector 49 will produce an output on both occasions so that the flipflops A1-A7 will remain unchanged. If the first reading was incorrect the second will be correct and a second pair of flip-flops A1-A7 will be set so that at least three of these flipflops will be set at the end of the operation. An error signal is produced if more than two flipflops are set. Double reading is necessary if none of the flip-flops A5-A7 are set. If this condition is detected a second energization of lead 13 is made after a period equal to the spacing between two taps. Timing.-The energization of lead 13 is made by a timing circuit consisting of a coarse timer and a fine timer. The coarse timer detects the leading peak at tap t7 and opens a gate for the fine timing signal. This is obtained from a recognition circuit RN17 connected to all the taps and arranged to produce a peak for each peak of the waveform as it passes each tap. This wave is delayed and compared with itself so that the comparator produces a series of pulses. The first to pass through the gate opened by the coarse timing circuit is used to energize the read-out lead 13. Spurious marks.-To prevent read out due to a false leading peak produced by a spurious mark, the leading peak signal is not accepted unless it exceeds 1 volt. Further, it is compared with one third of the outputs from the other taps and it is not accepted unless it exceeds one third of any following peak. Also a recognition circuit is provided adapted to detect spurious marks and indicate an error recognition. Another recognition circuit detects malformed characters, this again producing an error signal. Other errors.-If more or less than two of flip-flops A1-A7 are set an error is indicated. If the spacing between characters is too long or too short an error signal is also produced. The spacing period is measured by an oscillator and counter. A " document present " signal derived from photo-cell 205 is necessary before read out can take place.