Patent GB-1252295-A (GB)
IPC: B01J29/076
Filed: 1969-01-06
Abstract: 1,252,295. Hydrocarbon conversion catalysts. ESSO RESEARCH & ENG. CO. 6 Jan., 1969 [23 Jan., 1968], No. 742/69. Heading B1E. [Also in Division C5] A catalyst comprising aluminosilicate zeolite and non-noble metals is prepared by a process which comprises mixing crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite in the sodium form and inorganic binder material and thereafter subjecting the resulting catalyst composite to the sequential steps of treatment with (a) a solution containing ammonium ions until the zeolite component of the composite contains from 2 to 6 weight per cent sodium oxide, (b) steam at an elevated temperature, for example at a temperature between 1000F and 1300F and preferably for a period of from 0.5 to 4 hours, (c) a solution containing a cation of a metal selected from Groups IB, IIB and VIII, metals of the palladium and platinum triads being excepted, and (d) a solution containing an anion comprising a metal selected from Groups VB and VIB, the catalyst composite being shaped into pellets between either steps (a) and (b) or steps (b) and (c). The zeolite, which preferably has a silica to alumina mole ratio of at least 3, may be mordenite (either natural or synthetic), faujasite (either natural or synthetic), chebazite, gmelinite, analcite or erionite. The inorganic binder material may be a hydrogel of an inorganic oxide or mixture of inorganic oxides, a clay, for example kaolin, or a mixture of kaolin and inorganic oxide hydrogel; a preferred binder material is a mixture of silica and alumina, for example a mixture assaying (dry solids basis) 87 weight per cent silica and 13 weight per cent alumina. The binder material preferably is used in an amount such that it will constitute between 15 and 50 weight per cent of the catalyst. The catalyst composite may be shaped into pellets by pilling or by extrusion in which latter case clay, for example kaolin, may be added to the composite immediately prior to extrusion; the pellets may be # inch by # inch in size. The metal selected from Groups IB, IIB and VIII may be copper, zinc, cadmium, iron, cobalt or nickel, which metal may be used in the form of a solution of the chloride, nitrate or sulphate to treat the composite. The metal selected from Groups VB and VIB may be molybdenum or tungsten; tungsten may be used in the form of either a hot dilute solution of ammonium paratungstate, treatment of the catalyst composite being effected preferably for between 2 and 5 hours,'or a concentrated solution containing a compound of tungsten, for example ammonium paratungstate, tungstic oxide or tungstic acid, and a lower alkyl hydroxyamine, for example monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine, the mole ratio of hydroxyamine to compound of tungsten in the solution preferably being between 2 to 1 and 6 to 1, or a solution of ammonium metatungstate. Examples relate to catalysts prepared from faujasite, silica-alumina, nickel nitrate and ammonium paratungstate or metatungstate, the catalysts comprising between 0.8 and 1.5 weight per cent nickel and about 10 weight per cent tungsten. The catalyst may be used in a hydrocarbon conversion process, for example a process involving hydrogenation, hydroforming, hydrocracking, hydrocrack fining, hydroisomerization, hydrodesulphurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodealkylation or disproportionation. Prior to such use, the catalyst may be dried and calcined and/or sulphided by contact with sulphur or a compound containing sulphur; alternatively, sulfactivation may be effected by use of a sulphur-containing feed or by addition to the feed of a compound containing sulphur, for example, hydrogen sulphide or carbon disulphide.