Patent GB-756666-A (GB)
Title: Lubricants containing aryl esters of alkylsulphonic acids
IPC: C07C309/65
Filed: 1953-04-21
Abstract: Aryl esters of alkyl sulphonic acids having the general formula R.SO2.OR1, in which R is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group containing at least 8 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms and R1 is an aryl group which may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms, alkyl groups or alkoxy groups, are obtained by sulphochlorination of the appropriate hydrocarbon fraction to form the corresponding alkyl sulphonyl chlorides which are then reacted with the appropriate alkali metal arylate to form the aryl esters. Suitable starting materials mentioned are a petroleum fraction boiling between 485 DEG  and 560 DEG  F. and containing predominantly C14 to C16 alkanes, a kerosene fraction boiling between 345 DEG  and 445 DEG  F. and containing C10 to C14 alkanes, and a petroleum naphtha boiling between 250 DEG  and 300 DEG  F. containing predominantly C8 alkanes.  C8 to C20 hydrocarbons obtained by polymerization of ethylene, propylene or butylenes, or mixtures thereof, may also be used.ALSO:A hydrocarbon-free lubricating composition comprises an aryl ester of an alkyl sulphonic acid having the general formula R.SO2OR1 in which R is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group containing at least 8 carbon atoms which may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms, and R1 is an aryl group which may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms, alkyl groups or alkoxy groups, together with at least one other synthetic organic ester lubricant or silicone polymer or an alkyl ether of a mono- or poly-glycol.  A preferred class of esters of the above formula comprises those in which the alkyl substituent contains 8 to 18 carbon and the aryl residue is phenyl, cresyl chlorophenyl, chlorocresyl or naphthyl.  Esters derived from C20 and C24 to C30 alkanes are also mentioned (see Group IV(b) for preparation). Suitable synthetic organic ester lubricants are substituted or unsubstituted trialkyl, triaryl or mixed alkyl-aryl phosphates or thiophosphates, di-esters of dicarboxylic acids, or silicate esters. Multi-component lubricants contain 5 to 30 per cent by weight of the aryl alkylsulphonic acid esters and 70 to 95 per cent by weight of a mixture of synthetic organic lubricants.  Specific examples comprise, in addition to a phenyl ester of an alkylsulphonic acid, (a) a dimethyl siloxane polymer, and tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate; (b) a dimethyl siloxane polymer, and 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate; (c) a dibutyl phenyl phosphate, and chlorinated diphenyl; (d) chlorinated diphenyl and tricresyl phosphate; (e) tetra-2-ethylhexyl silicate and tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate.  Compositions may also be made which contain 70 to 95 per cent by weight of the alkylsulphonic acid esters. Anti-foaming agents, corrosion inhibitors, anti-rusting agents, detergents, extreme pressure agents, anti-oxidants, flame-snuffers and viscosity index improvers, such as polyalkyl methacrylates or alkylated polystyrene, may also be added to the compositions. Greases may be formulated by adding to the lubricating compositions thickeners such as silica aerogel, ammonium or phosphonium derivatives of bentonite, or lithium, sodium, magnesium, calcium or aluminium soaps of fatty acids.  In examples of greases (1) a phenyl ester of C16 alkanesulphonic acid, 2-ethyhexyl diphenyl phosphate, and chlorinated diphenyl are blended with the decyl ammonium salt of bentonite; (2) dibutyl phenyl phosphate, diamyl adipate and the phenyl ester of C8 alkane sulphonic acid are blended with octadecyl hexadecyl ammonium salt of bentonite; (3) dimethyl siloxane polymer, tri-octyl phosphate and the cresyl ester of C18-alkanesulphonic acid are blended with the octadecylammonium salt of bentonite.  Specifications 672,875, 689,731 and 689,759 are referred to.