Patent GB-765900-A (GB)
Title: Improved crankcase lubricant for spark ignition engines
IPC: C10M169/04
Filed: 1954-12-07
Abstract: A lubricating composition comprises a lubricating oil which constitutes at least 85 per cent of the final composition, having a viscosity ranging from 5000 to 8000 S.S.U. at 0 DEG  F., a viscosity index of 85 to 120, and a boiling range of not more than a 50 DEG  F. difference between the 10 per cent and 90 per cent boiling points as determined by the ASTMD 1160 procedure at a pressure of 1 mm. of mercury, a first additive consisting of 1.5 to 5 per cent by volume but at least sufficient to increase the viscosity of the final lubricant composition to 60 to 70 S.S.U. at 210 DEG  F. as measured by ASTM Test Procedure D88-44, of an oil-soluble methacrylic acid ester polymer having a molecular weight between 10,000 and 5,000,000 as determined by light scattering measurements, and a second additive comprising an alkaline earth metal glyoxide-alkaline earth metal sulphonate consisting of a dispersion of the reaction product of an alkylene glycol of less than 5 carbon atoms and an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide dispersed in oil with the oil-soluble alkaline earth metal sulphonate.  In the dispersion the ratio of metal as dispersed metal base (glycol reaction product) to metal as sulphonate dispersant ranges from 0.50:1 to 10:1, and in the final lubricant composition the amount of total metal, both dispersed metal base (glycoxide reaction product) and metal sulphonate dispersant, being from 20 to 120 millimols. per kilogram of the composition. The composition may also contain an oil-soluble salt of a thiophosphoric acid ester, a sulphur-containing inhibitor, a carboxylic acid as a viscosity modifier, and also extreme pressure agents, blooming agents, foam inhibitors, dyes and pour point modifiers.  The glycoxide-sulphonate material can be formed in situ in the oil, e.g. by mixing the lubricating oil, ethylene glycol, an oil-soluble alkaline earth metal sulphonate, e.g. calcium petroleum mahogany sulphonate, and an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide such as calcium or barium oxide, applying sufficient heat to effect reaction between the metal base and the ethylene glycol and removing uncombined glycol.  The polymers may be those obtained from methacrylic acid esterified with alcohols such as hexyl, octyl, lauryl, cetyl, or octadecyl, or mixtures of these alcohols, e.g. those obtained from coconut oil.  The thiophosphoric acid ester salt may contain metals such as calcium, barium or zinc.  Specified thiophosphates are the zinc salts of butyl hexyl, methyl hexyl, butyl methyl-isobutylcarbinol, dioctyl, dihexadecyl, dibutylphenyl and dicetylphenyl dithiophosphoric acid.  Suitable sulphur-containing inhibitors are dihexadecyl tetrasulphide, the reaction product of polychlorinated wax and sodium polysulphide, sulphurized terpenes, and the reaction products of terpenes and phosphorous sulphides. Specified carboxylic acid viscosity modifiers are formic, carbonic, lactic acid and mixtures.ALSO:A lubricating composition comprises a hydrocarbon lubricating oil which constitutes at least 85 per cent of the final composition, having a viscosity ranging from 5,000 to 8,000 S.S.U. at 0 DEG F., a viscosity index of 85 to 120, and a boiling range of not more than a 50 DEG F. difference between the 10 per cent and 90 per cent boiling points as determined by the ASTM/D1160 procedure at a pressure of 1 mm. of mercury, a first additive consisting of 1.5 to 5 per cent by volume but at least sufficient to increase the viscosity of the final lubricant composition to 60 to 70 S.S.U. at 210 DEG F. as measured by ASTM Test Procedure D88-44, of an oil-soluble methacrylic acid ester polymer having a molecular weight between 10,000 and 5,000,000 as determined by light scattering measurements, and a second additive comprising an alkaline earth metal glycoxide-alkaline earth metal sulphonate consisting of a dispersion of the reaction product of an alkylene glycol of less than 5 carbon atoms and an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide dispersed in oil with the oil-soluble alkaline earth metal sulphonate.  In the dispersion the ratio of metal as dispersed metal base-(glycol reaction product) to metal as sulphonate dispersant ranges from 0.50:1 to 10:1, and in the final lubricant composition the amount of total metal, both dispersed metal base (glycoxide reaction product) and metal sulphonate dispersant, being from 20 to 120 millimols per kilogram of the composition.  The composition may also contain an oil-soluble salt of a thiophosphoric acid ester, a sulphur-containing inhibitor, a carboxylic acid as a viscosity modifier, and also extreme pressure agents, blooming agents, foam inhibitors, dyes and pour point modifiers.  The glycoxide-sulphonate material can be formed in situ in the oil, e.g. by mixing the lubricating oil (for example mineral lubricating oil), ethylene glycol, an oil-soluble alkaline earth metal sulphonate, e.g. calcium petroleum mahogany sulphonate, and an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide such as calcium or barium oxide, applying sufficient heat to effect reaction between the metal base and the ethylene glycol and removing uncombined glycol.  The polymers may be those obtained from methacrylic acid esterified with alcohols such as hexyl, octyl, lauryl, cetyl, or octadecyl, or mixtures of these alcohols, e.g. those obtained from coconut oil.  The thiophosphoric acid ester salt may contain metals such as calcium, barium or zinc.  Specified thiophosphates are the zinc salts of butyl hexyl, methyl hexyl, butyl methyl-isobutylcarbinol, dioctyl, dihexadecyl, dibutylphenyl, and diacetylphenyl dithiophosphoric acid.  Suitable sulphur-containing inhibitors are dihexadecyl tetrasulphide, the reaction product of polychlorinated wax and sodium polysulphide, sulphurized terpenes, and the reaction products of terpenes and phosphorus sulphides. Specified carboxylic acid viscosity modifiers are formic, carbonic, and lactic acids and mixtures thereof.