baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-943564-A (GB)
Title: Revolving tables
Inventor: WHITE JACK PERCY
IPC: A47B11/00
Filed: 1961-10-20
Abstract: 943,564. Revolving tables. J. P. WHITE (SIDMOUTH) Ltd. Oct. 2, 1962 [Oct. 20, 1961], No. 37773/61. Headings A4H and A4U. The standard 4 of a revolving table top 1 is carried in the socket 7 of a base plate 6 attached to the floor 9 of a caravan. The standard 4 may be in screw-threaded engagement with the socket 7. The table top is fixed in position by a locking screw 5. In another form, a modified plate 6 is bolted to a vehicle spare wheel to provide a free-standing table.
Patent GB-951629-A (GB)
Title: A method of producing citric acid
IPC: C12P7/48
Filed: 1960-11-03
Abstract: Citric acid is produced from beet-sugar molasses which may be admixed with low machine syrups or other unrefined products from the manufacture of sugar, by submerged fermentation with mycelium pellets of Aspergillus niger or related strains of citric-acid producing mould fungi, sufficient hydrochloric acid being added to the diluted molasses containing mycelium pellets to reduce the pH to a value below 3.5, oxygen, air, or a mixture thereof being supplied during the fermentation preferably at superatmospheric pressure. To form the pellets, potassium ferrocyanide is added to a solution of molasses to remove detrimental metal ions, the solution is sterilized by heat, nitrogen or phosphorus salts are added as nutrient, and the solution is adjusted to a pH of 5.5-5.9 and mechanically agitated at 27-30 DEG C. whilst supplying air. The sterile main substrate of pH 5.5-7.5 is inoculated with the pellets and air is blown in. When the pH has dropped to 4.5-5.5 hydrochloric acid is added to reduce the pH to below 3.5, the pressure of oxygen in the solution being simultaneously increased by using oxygen or superatmospheric pressures. The oxygen may be recirculated, in which case the carbon dioxide present is removed by adsorption. In Example (1), 0.3% potassium ferrocyanide and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added to a substrate of beet-sugar molasses containing 6.0-7.5% sugar and having a pH of 5.7-5.9; the substrate is inoculated with Aspergillus niger and agitated whilst passing in air; the pellets formed are added to a similar sterilized substrate of pH 6.8 and a sugar content of about 15% and the solution is agitated and aerated at 29.5-29.8 DEG C. for 40-48 hours after which the pH is adjusted to 3.0 by the addition of hydrochloric acid, the air supply being replaced with oxygen which after use is washed with alkali and recirculated. The product contains about 15% citric acid and is free from oxalic acid. Other methods of dispersing the air or oxygen are described.
Patent GB-1158003-A (GB)
Title: Aerial System for and Earth Satellite
IPC: B64G1/22
Filed: 1966-08-24
Abstract: 1,158,003. Aerials. TELEFUNKEN PATENTVERWERTUNGS G.m.b.H. 24 Aug., 1966 [28 Aug., 1965], No. 37896/66. Heading H4A. An earth satellite aerial system comprising a primary radiator and a reflector is arranged to give a pattern of radiation, Fig. 5, such that the field strength at the earth's surface is substantially uniform within the service area, by illuminating the said reflector so that there is a maximum of intensity at the centre of its aperture. The illumination may vary according to a Bessel function of zero order, which may be approximated by a cosine function. The reflector may be of simple paraboloidal form, as shown at a, Fig. 4, or may comprise annular paraboloidal zones, as shown at b and c, which are separated by steps. The reflector may be made of plastics material which is coated with metal.
Patent GB-806181-A (GB)
Title: Improved drawing pencil
IPC: B43K21/00
Filed: 1956-12-12
Abstract: 806,181. Drawing pencils. THOMSEN, W. Dec. 12, 1956 [Dec. 13, 1955], No. 37899/56. Class 146(3) The lead c and the supporting casing a therefor of a drawing pencil are arranged so as to be rotatable in relation to the pencil shaft a in use. the casing d having at its front end a friction surface e which rests against the edge of a ruler f. The lead is held in a sleeve b having a slit conical end b<SP>1</SP> which is spring-urged rear- Wards relatively to the casing d to clamp the lead, release being effected by pressing on the end b<SP>2</SP> of the sleeve. On drawing, a line with the pencil alongside the ruler f, the casing d and the lead c are automatically rotated. The lead initially has a hemispherical tip c<SP>1</SP> which is kept sharpened by the rotation of the lead. The casing d projects beyond the shaft a by at least the thickness of the ruler. The friction surface e may be in the form of a pushed-on collar, e.g. of rubber.
Patent GB-1096167-A (GB)
Title: An internal-modulation type optical maser device with a birefringence prism
IPC: G02F1/03
Filed: 1965-09-08
Abstract: 1,096,167. Lasers. NIPPON ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Sept. 8, 1965 [Sept. 8, 1964], No. 38349/65. Heading H1C. A laser with internal modulation comprises a solid or gaseous source 11 of coherent light, an electro-optic modulating crystal 21, and a birefringence prism 13 all located in an optical cavity formed by two mirrors 12A, 12B, the birefringence prism serving to separate and extract the modulated light from the reflected light passed between the mirrors. As shown in Fig. 1, the coherent light is generated by a gas discharge tube 11 provided with windows 11A, 11B at the Brewster's angle, the linearlypolarized emitted light passing between mirrors 12A, 12B along a path which includes a birefringence calcite prism 13 and a KDP electrooptic crystal 21. The crystal has electrodes 15A, 15B connected to a modulating voltage source 14, and has attached glass prisms 22A, 22B of the same refractive index as the ordinary refractive index of the crystal. The prisms 13, 22A, 22B all have non-reflecting surfaces formed at the appropriate Brewster's angle for the material. When a modulating voltage is applied to the electrodes of crystal 21, modulated light of different polarization is produced which is deflected outwardly from the optical cavity along an extraordinary ray path 6 by the bire fringence prism 13. An alternative embodiment is described, Fig. 2 (not shown) in which the birefringence prism 13<SP>1</SP> is secured to one end surface of the electro-optic crystal 21 and the mirror 12B is attached directly to the other end surface. Modifications described are the omission of prism 22B in Fig. 1 and the attachment of mirror 12B directly to the crystal end surface, the use of reflective layers instead of attached mirrors, and the use of a prism 22B in Fig. 2 together with a spaced mirror 12B. Both mirrors may optionally be concave. Instead of forming the crystal 21 from KD 2 PO 4 , the use of KH 2 AsO 4 , NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , NH 4 H 2 AsO 4 , RbH 2 PO 4  or KD 2 AsO 4  crystals is suggested. Other suitable crystals of the tetragonal or cubic systems may be used as electrooptic modulators. In the embodiments described the electric field of the generated light is parallel to the X or Y axis of the crystal 21 to produce amplitude modulation. By rotating the crystal 21 about its optical axis by 45 degrees and with the attached prisms in the original position a frequency-modulated output is produced.
Patent GB-1058960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical feeder circuits for an inductive load
IPC: H03K17/64
Filed: 1965-09-09
Abstract: 1,058,960. Switching inductive loads. SIEMENS & HALSKE A.G. Sept. 9, 1965 [Sept. 10, 1964], No. 38507/65. Heading H3T. Current is supplied to an inductive load L (Fig. 1) by an electronic switch, such as a transistor T, through the primary W1 of a transformer, the secondary W2 being in parallel so that while the current is building up in the load the secondary voltage adds to the primary voltage to aid the build up. Resistors R1 and R2 are of such a value that when the current is steady the excitation of the transformer is zero. When the switch is opened, the secondary winding induces, a voltage in the primary to accelerate the switching off of the current through the load. Rectifier D limits the reverse voltage across the transistor. To pass current in either direction through a centre-tapped inductance (Fig. 2, not shown), two transistors are used and the transformer has four windings.
Patent GB-1085977-A (GB)
Title: Refractory and method of making
IPC: C04B28/06
Filed: 1966-09-15
Abstract: Lightweight porous refractories having insulating properties are made from a mixture of rice hull ash, an aluminous cement of a type containing not more than 3% iron oxide, and a filler of a type containing not more than 3% iron oxide.  Preferably the iron oxide contents are as low as possible.  Rice hull ash contains above 96% silica, a typical full analysis being given.  The filler may be reclaimed fire brick or a mixture thereof with pearlite. Refractory bodies are produced by moulding the above mixture with sufficient water to provide the necessary plasticity, no compacting or firing being necessary.  After moulding but before setting takes place the bodies may be coated with rice hull ash on one or more surfaces which are to be exposed to heat.
Patent GB-831063-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to latching devices
IPC: E05C3/28
Filed: 1956-12-19
Abstract: 831,063. Latches. SOC. DES AGRAFES FRANCAISES ET D'ARTICLES METALLIQUES. Dec. 19, 1956 [Dec. 21, 1955], No. 38730/56. Addition to 765,268. Class 44 The invention according to Claim 1 of the parent Specification is modified in the jaws 5, 6 are provided with notches adapted to surround the stud when the jaws are closed upon the stud, the notches together defining an opening when the jaws are in closed position which is greater in area than the cross-section of the stud. As shown, the jaws are biased to the open position, by a spring 7 and are retained in the closed position by a spring- loaded lever arm 13a which is pivoted on the jaw 5 and is movable to a release position by a spring-loaded handle 41, the jaws being so shaped that their closing movement tends to urge the stud or pin towards the casing 1, and the jaws are formed at the ends of the notches remote from the jaw pivots, as noses which rest upon the stud when the jaws are closed thereon, whereby the jaws exert upon the stud an effort which operates to move the stud and the latching device towards each other.
Patent GB-337667-A (GB)
IPC: C10B21/18
Filed: 1929-12-18
Abstract: 337,667. Naamlooze Vennootschap Silica en Ovenbouw Mij, (Assignees of Otto & Co., Ges., Dr. C.). May 9, 1929, [Convention date]. Coke ovens.-In a vertically-flued coke oven in which adjacent up and downflow flues are connected both at top and bottom so that a portion of the waste gases is recirculated through the upflow combustion flues, the supplies of air, or air and gas, are controlled by damper blocks p arranged below the level of the connecting openings e<2> between adjacent flues. The quantity of waste gases to be recirculated is controlled by the vertically adjustable blocks h.
Patent GB-955929-A (GB)
Title: Method of and arrangement for automatically controlling the release operation in a marshalling yard
IPC: B61L17/00
Filed: 1962-10-15
Abstract: 955,929. Rope railways. E. GARBERS. Oct. 15, 1962 [Jan. 5, 1962], No. 38888/62. Heading B7L. A device for accelerating or retarding trucks in a marshalling yard comprises a pair of trolleys 7, 9 associated with one rail of an approach track and another pair 18, 20 associated with the other rail, the trolleys being connected to an endless rope 1<SP>1</SP>, 1<SP>2</SP> driven by the reversible motor 13 so that the pairs of trolleys are alternately operative. The arms 8, 10 on the trolleys 7, 9 are spring urged into the raised position but are withdrawn at the ends of the run by the projections 17a engaging under the deflector rail 6. The arm 8 engages a truck wheel 11 to move it forwardly and the arm 10 retards the truck if it is moving too quickly the motor 13 in this condition acting as a generator.
Patent GB-1407076-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for driving elongate rigid objects
IPC: E02D7/00
Filed: 1972-08-21
Abstract: 1407076 Pile driving BOLT ASSOCIATES INC 21 Aug 1972 [23 Aug 1971] 38948/72 Heading E1H [Also in Divisions B3 and G3] A pile driver 20 of the bounce chamber type is mounted on a crane with a hydraulically controlled boom and a compressed air or gas supply 8 to 'drive the pile driver. The fluid pressure in the bounce chamber 34 of the hammer is measured, and the signal is used to manually or automatically control a regulator valve in the pipe between the supply 8 and the reservoir 10 to ensure that the pressure applied to the pile does not exceed a permitted value (see Division B3). At the bottom of the pile driver is a second piston 60 connected by a detachable coupling 30 to a cap 32 which fits on the pile 28.
Patent GB-345964-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to synchronising devices for electric motors associated with television, telephotography, mechanical control from a distance, and like systems
IPC: H02P5/50
Filed: 1929-12-27
Abstract: 345,964. Motors. COMPAGNIE POUR LA FABRICATION DES COMPTEURS ET MATERIEL D'USINES A GAZ, 12, Place des Etats-Unis, Montrouge, Seine, France. Dec. 27, 1929, No. 39614. Convention date, Dec. 27, 1928. [Class 35.] A motor used in television &c. systems have two armature windings, the one B being supplied with synchronizing current and the other C with direct current through an inductance L. The two windings may be replaced by a single winding suitably tapped.
Patent GB-1324733-A (GB)
Title: Substrates
IPC: H05K1/11
Filed: 1971-08-25
Abstract: 1324733 Printed circuits; semi-conductor devices SIEMENS AG 25 Aug 1971 [8 Sept 1970] 39810/71 Headings H1K and H1R A connection area, mounted on a substrate, consists of two substantially square portions connected by a relatively narrow bridge portion and is made of gold provided with a thin surface layer of nickel which acts as a diffusion barrier. Two solder domes of uniform shape are formed on the squares, the innermost dome serving as a connection for a semi-conductor module and the outermost dome acting as a solder reserve.
Patent GB-902556-A (GB)
Title: Pressure fluid pump and motor mechanism
IPC: F04C9/00
Filed: 1960-11-22
Abstract: 902,556. Rotary pumps and motors. GENERAL GAS LIGHT CO. Nov. 22, 1960 [Nov. 23, 1959], No. 40082/60. Class 110 (2). A rotary pump or motor of the oscillating vane-type comprises valve and bearing blocks 1, 2, Fig. 1, rotatably supporting a drive (or driven) shaft 4 fitted with a pulley 5 and spaced apart by semi-circular pumping chambers 3 located on opposite sides of the shaft 4. Each chamber 3 is fitted with a cover 11, Fig. 2, formed with a substantially semi-circular bead 13 sealingly engaging a complementary-shaped recess 15 in a vane 14 oscillatable in the chamber 3 and formed with an ear 22 engageable with a flat surface 23 on a sleeve 25 encircling an eccentric 25 secured to the shaft 4. The covers 11 and ears 22 are disposed as shown in Fig. 2, so that counter-clockwise rotation of either or both of the vanes 14 causes the sleeve 25 to rotate the eccentric 26 and house the shaft 4 or alternatively rotation of the shaft 4 causes the sleeve and eccentric to oscillate the vanes 14. Loose-ball inlet and discharge valves 32, 38, Fig. 3, in the valve block 1, controlled in timed relation by cams 27, 28 secured to the shaft 4 control the supply and discharge of pressure fluid to and from the chambers 3.
Patent GB-1122183-A (GB)
Title: Transfer mechanism, for example, for automatic wrapping machines
IPC: B65B35/20
Filed: 1965-09-22
Abstract: 1,122,183. Transferring articles. E. SERAGNOLI, and A. SERAGNOLI, [trading as " G.D." SOCIETA IN ACCOMANDITA SEMPLICE]. 22 Sept., 1965 [22 Sept., 1964], No. 40449/65. Heading B8A. Articles 27 are conveyed from machine A (on the right, not shown) on the belt 38, are stopped by stop 41 and are transferred forwards to belt 34 by pusher 21 to be delivered leftwards to machine B (not shown). If machine B is out of action, pusher 21 stops and ram 68 operates to repeatedly thrust a set of articles 27 vertically past pivoted fingers 59 up into magazine 67 till a switch operates therein to stop the ram when the magazine is full. If magazine A stops fingers 59 are operated to permit articles in the magazine to fall and then be advanced by pusher 21 towards machine B till the magazine is empty. The operation is controlled by solenoids 62, 74 (which operates stop 72), and by switches 33 and 73 not shown. In this way the capacity of magazine 67 is utilized to neutralize the variations in supply and demand between machine A and machine B.
Patent GB-1341307-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of a-dithiols
IPC: C07C/
Filed: 1971-08-31
Abstract: 1341307 α-Dithiols SOC NATIONALE DES PETROLES D'AQUITAINE 31 Aug 1971 [31 Aug 1970] 40548/71 Heading C2C α-Dithiols of formula in which M 1 , M 2 , M 3  and M 4  are the same or different and are hydrogen, unsubstituted alkyl radicals or alkyl radicals substituted with thiol groups are prepared by reacting a 2-mercaptoalkyl carboxylic acid ester with an aqueous solution of an alkaline sulphydrate in the absence of an organic solvent at 50‹ to 100‹ C. (e.g. in an autoclave) The ester may have the formula  where A is a C 1 -C 6  aliphatic hydrocarbon radical and the R's are hydrogen or alkyl groups and may be the same or different. The alkaline sulphydrate may be formed by reaction of H 2 S with an aqueous solution of the corresponding alkali. In the examples, 1-2-ammonium sulphydrate is reacted with 2-mercaptoethyl acetate, 1-methyl-2-mercapto methyl acetate, 1 - mercaptomethyl - 2 - mercaptoethyl acetate or 1 - chloromethyl - 2 - mercaptoethylacetate to produce 1,2-ethane dithiol, 1,2- propane dithiol or 1,2,3-propane trithiol.
Patent GB-1393818-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for fabricating cylindrical granules of pastry materials
IPC: B01J2/20
Filed: 1972-09-01
Abstract: 1393818 Granulating by cutting V N NEFEDOV Z P ANOKHINA V A ZIMIN and A D SHIRVATOV 1 Sept 1972 40606/72 Heading B5A Apparatus for forming pasty granules comprises an extruder 1 feeding a string 16 of pasty material to the space between adjacent blades 4 on a throw-off drum 3, a cutter 10 being mounted adjacent the extruder nozzle and arranged to cut the string before it is discharged from the throw-off drum to be sliced into granules 17 by the disc-knives 13. The throw-off drum is driven by a ratchet 6 operated by an electromagnet 7 energized through a switch 12 which is actuated when the end of the extruded string 15 reaches it. The rotary cutter 10 is driven through set-up gearing 8 from the shaft of the drum 3 so that one of the blades will cut through the extruded string prior to the rotation of the throw-off drum.
Patent GB-1048186-A (GB)
Title: Transportable container primarily for golf clubs
IPC: A63B55/04
Filed: 1962-11-17
Abstract: 1,048,186. Golf bags. L.RAE. Feb. 14, 1964 [Nov.17, 1962], No. 40706/62. Heading A6D. A golf-club bag comprises a container 1 attached by means of a strap 9 to a support comprising a member 5 having a platform 8 adjacent a ground-engaging spike at one end, and a hand grip 7 at the other. The bag comprises a separate compartment 13 for golf balls, provided with an access flap 14.
Patent GB-887731-A (GB)
Title: Oxidation of organic compounds to carboxylic acids by means of nitric acid
IPC: C07C51/275
Filed: 1958-12-17
Abstract: In a process for the oxidation of organic compounds to carboxylic acids by means of nitric acid the oxidation is conducted in an apparatus of which the surfaces coming into contact with the reacting mixture are of titanium or a titanium alloy containing at least 50% titanium.  The process may be carried out at temperatures from about 100 DEG C. to about 300 DEG C. and pressures of about 5 to 250 atmospheres gauge.  Metals specified for alloying with titanium are the metals of the Groups III to VIII of the Periodic Table especially nickel, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, vanadium, aluminium, zinconium or tin optionally together with small amounts of other metals.  The apparatus may be in the form of an autoclave or a tube. The process may be continuous.  Starting materials specified include aromatic compounds which contain a straight- or branched-alkyl group attached directly to the nucleus, e.g. a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, hexyl, decyl, dodecyl or octadecyl group or a substituted alkyl group, e.g. a chloro-butyl group.  Substitution products referred to include those containing chloro-, bromo-, nitro, sulphonic acid or aldehyde radicals as nuclear substituents.  Additional starting materials specified are chloro- and bromotoluenes, the xylenes, the various nitro, bromo or chloro xylenes, toluene sulphonic acids, pseudo-cumene-sulphonic acid, mesitylene, pseudo-cumene, ethyl benzene, methyl ethyl benzene, propyl benzene, diisopropyl benzene, cumene or cymenes, alkyl benzoic acids, e.g. toluic acid, aldehyde benzoic acids, chloromethyl compounds such as xylene dichloride, chlormethyl toluene, di(chlormethyl)-xylene, mono-(chloromethyl) xylene and the derivatives, e.g. the esters of the acids mentioned above, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, substantially straight- or branch-chained hydrocarbons and their substitution products such as alcohols, e.g. cyclohexanol or hexanol, and cyclohexanone, naphthalene, quinoline alkyl pyridine and derivatives thereof. Preferred starting materials are those which yield dicarboxylic acids with carboxylic groups in the para- and meta-positions as in terephthalic and isophthalic acids. The reaction may be interrupted at an intermediate stage to give, e.g. alkyl benzoic acids, e.g. toluic acids.  In an example o-chlortoluene, p-xylene and 2-chlor-4-nitro-toluene are oxidised at a maximum temperature of 250 DEG C. with 15% nitric acid to the corresponding acids using a tubular reactor of substantially pure titanium.
Patent GB-1443943-A (GB)
Title: Electrical switches
IPC: H01H19/635
Filed: 1972-09-05
Abstract: 1443943 Mechanical switches; retained set LUCAS ELECTRICAL Ltd 3 Sept 1973 [5 Sept 1972] 41061/72 Heading H1N A switch has two pairs of biased-open resilient blade contacts 26, 28 and 27, 29 spaced apart and mounted within a body 10 so that when the switch is in a rest position the inner members 28, 29 of each pair abuttingly engage a metal rod 22 having an annular projection 25. The rod 22 is mounted within apertures in spaced ribs 23, 24 for slidable movement along its longitudinal axis in order to cause engagement of the two contact blades of one or other of the contact pairs when it is actuated by the appropriate arm 18 or 19 of a yoke 17 being moved into engagement with the projection 25 the yoke being an integral part of a rotor 13 pivotally movable about an axis 15 by means of an operating arm 16. There is lost motion in each direction of operation before the yoke arm engages the projection on the rod and a conventional detent mechanism releasably retains the rotor in each of its two extreme positions and locates it centrally in the rest position. In Fig. 3 (not shown) a further compartment 12 in the body 10 is available for the accommodation of a second pivotal rotor 14 for performing further switching operations which are not described and it is stated that other switching mechanisms can be accommodated in the space between the planes of the ribs 23, 24.
Patent GB-1464385-A (GB)
Title: Bonded ceramic/metal materials
IPC: E04C2/26
Filed: 1973-08-31
Abstract: 1464385 Metallized ceramics DEFENCE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR and PLESSEY CO Ltd 22 Aug 1974 [31 Aug 1973] 41189/73 Heading C7D A composite body comprises a ceramic coated with a sintered porous layer of ceramic or nitreous granules and a metal member mechanically interlocked with the porous layer by forge infiltrating the metal into the pores subsequent to the sintering of the said layer. The ceramic may be Si 3 N 4 , WC, B4C, SiC, Al 2 O 3  or MgO and the porous ceramic layer may be one of these or a metal silicate or aluminate. The metal which may be Al, Cu, Fe, Pb, Au, Pt, Sn, Ni, steel, stainless steel, bronze, brass or Ni-Cr is placed on the layer as a preformed body and bonded to the layer by hot pressing below its melting point.