Patent GB-1066692-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to gear cutting machines
IPC: B23F5/12
Filed: 1965-03-01
Abstract: 1,066,692. Gear - cutting. GLEASON WORKS. March 1, 1965 [March 23, 1964], No. 8637/65. Headings B3B and B3L. A bevel gear-cutting machine comprises a rotatable cradle 2, Figs. 1 to 4 (not shown), having a pair of guides for reciprocating tools T, the guides each being mounted for angular adjustment about an axis 61 parallel to the cradle axis 3 and about a second axis 68 perpendicular to the first. The work G can be indexed on a head 7 adjustable along a guide plate 8 which is itself adjustable angularly for cone angle about an axis 11 on a plate 12 which can be swung about an axis 14 to allow feeding, indexing and re-loading of the work. The cutter cradle is rocked by tapes attached to an adjustable segment 31 and to a slide 27 reciprocated by a cam 18 through adjustable sliding blocks 26. As the slide 27 is reciprocated, it oscillates the work-spindle 5 through ratio-ofroll change gears 36, differential 38 and wormgearing 48. A fine adjustment in the ratio-ofroll can be obtained by sliding blocks 53. A cam 19 indexes the gear and a cam 23 controls the swinging movements of the plate 12. The indexed position is determined by a pawl 55. The tool-cradle has an inner surface 59 having a centre 61. Tooth angle adjustments brackets 62 are adjustable around the surface 59 and carry tool guide arms 67 on pivots whose axes intersect the axis 61 at right-angles. The arms each carry a tool-slide 71 having a gib 72, Fig. 5 (not shown). Each tool T is clamped by bolts 74. The path of movement of each slide is determined by slideways 81, Fig. 6 (not shown), angularly adjustable on the slide and engaged by a block 79 on a fixed pin 78 and a block on a pin 77 which can be oscillated by a fluid-operated piston 98 to relieve the cutter on a return stroke. The pistons 98 are actuated by piston-pumps driven by a cam and, on a return stroke, supplied with oil by the lubricating- pump of the machine. The cutter can be set for skew or straight or crowned bevels, and for cutting tooth spaces with the root planes inclined to the face of the cradle. The cutters are reciprocated in substantially harmonic motion by a separate motor or by the shaft 17 carrying the cams 18, 19, 23. The shaft 17 drives through a stroke-adjusting crank mechanism, swinging links and a head carrying two crank-pins-one for each cutterslide. The drive from the shaft includes an oscillating counterweight which imposes an oscillating torque on the cradle in opposition to that produced by the cutter slides, thus reducing vibration. Vibration of the machine is also lessened by the fact that the cutting forces tend to be downward towards the foundation of the machine. The plate 12 is held withdrawn by gravity and is fed by a piston 154, Fig. 11 (not shown), in a cylinder 155 on a bracket 156 adjustable to set the tooth depth. The piston carries a roller 161 engaging an abutment 163 adjustable to set the rough and finishing in-feeds. When the bracket 156 is adjusted, a corresponding adjustment is made of the plate 12 relatively to its pivot axis 14 by a pinion 174 and a rack 175. Thereby, the work-spindle is not moved vertically or angularly by the tooth-depth adjustment. The feed cam 23 engages a roller on a rod connected to a lever 196 having a vertical surface engageable by a roller 199 adjustable on the plate 12 to vary the effect of the feed cam. Thus, in operation, the piston 154 is actuated to swing the plate 12 until the roller 199 contacts the surface on the plate 196. The cam 23 rotates to allow the plate 12 to move further until rough cutting depth is reached while a dwell in the cam 18 holds the cradle and work spindle against rotation. When full rough cutting depth is reached, the cam 18 rotates the cradle 2 for rough generation. A portion of cam 23 then allows the plate to move to finishing depth and a second generating cut ensues, the cradle rotation being now in the opposite direction. At this time, the roller 199 is out of contact with the plate 196. The gear is then retracted and indexed. For roughing without generation, the cradle is clamped and the cam 18 rendered ineffective. For finishing rough-cut gears, cutting takes place in only one direction of cradle movement.