Patent GB-693697-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to lubricating greases
Filed: 1950-07-04
Abstract: A lubricating grease comprises a major proportion of a lubricating oil, a soap in a proportion sufficient to form a grease and a minor proportion of an organic amine containing at least 6 carbon atoms and of a metal salt of an organic acid of formula:  <FORM:0693697/III/1> where R1 and R2 represent an alkyl, alicyclic, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl or heterocyclic radical and R1 may also represent a hydrogen atom, and X1 and X2 represent oxygen, sulphur, selenium or tellurium.  The organic amine may be ortho- or paraphenylenediamine, alpha- or beta-naphthylamine, 2, 4-diaminophenylamine, 2-amino-1, 4-naphthohydroquinone, 4-amino-1, 2-naphthohydroquinone, thiodiphenylamine, para-benzylphenylamine, 2-4-diaminotoluene, para-aminoazobenzene, N-octadecyl benzylamine, beta-phenylamino-alpha - naphthylamine, N - phenyl - alpha-naphthylamine, N-phenyl-beta-naphthylamine,, N, N1-dibutyl para-phenylenediamine, 4, 41-tetramethyldiamino-diphenylmethane, 4, 41-diamino-diphenylmethane, 4, 41-tetraethyldiamino-diphenylmethane, 4, 41-di-isoamyldiamino-diphenylmethane, tricyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, N-phenyl morpholine.  N - (para - hydroxyphenyl)-morpholine, N-octadecyl-3-methyl-2-pentylamine, N-octadecyl-2-ethylhexylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, octadecenylamine, octadecadienylamine, paraffin wax amine, amines derived from cocoanut oil acids, N, N1-dimethyl triglycoldiamine, disalicylal-ethylenediamine, N-salicyclal-N1-ethanol-ethylenediamine, 5-methyl-2, 4-diamino anisole and ketone amine condensation products such as the condensation product of acetone with aniline or para-amine-diphenyl.  The carbamate may be a Na, K, Li, Ca, Ba, Sr, Mg, Zn, Al, Cu, Co, Sn or Ni salt, and carbamic acids specified are the diethyl, dibutyl, diamyl, dihexyl, dioctyl, N-ethyl-N-phenyl, dicyclohexyl, monocetyl, di (cetylphenyl), dibenzyl and di (amyl piperidyl) mono-and dithiocarbamic acids, dibutyl, dihexyl, dicyclohexyl, monocetyl and dibenzyl carbamic acids, and dihexyl and dicyclohexyl mono- and diselenocarbamic acids.  Soaps referred to are those formed from oxides or hydroxides of the metals of groups I, II, III, VI, VII and VIII and also tin, and lead and fatty acids or their glycerides, such as capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic lignoceric, myristoleic, palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, ricinoleic and erucic acids, cottonseed oil acids, palm oil fatty acids and hydrogenated fish oil fatty acids, and lard, beef, rapeseed, palm, menhaden and herring oils, tallow and hog fat; acids produced by the oxidation of petroleum oil and waxes, rosin acids such as abietic acids, tall oil acids and naphthenic acids.  Hydroxy fatty acids such as dimethyl hydroxy-caprylic, dimethylhydroxy capric, 12-hydroxy-stearic, 9, 10-dihydroxy stearic, hydroxy-palmitic, ricinoleic, ricinelaidic, linusic and dihydroxybehenic acids, or their glycerides, may also be used to form the soap.  The soaps may be used in the form of soap aero-gels or as mixtures of soap aerogels with ordinary soaps. Lubricating oils mentioned are mineral oils or synthetic oils such as polymerized olefins, copolymers of alkylene glycols and alkylene oxides, organic esters such as di- (2-ethyl-hexyl) sebacate, dioctyl phthalate and trioctyl phosphate, polymeric tetrahydrofuran and polyalkyl silicon polymers such as the p  dimethyl silicon polymers.  Fatty oils such as castor and lard oils may be mixed with the mineral or synthetic oil.  Optional ingredients mentioned are phosphorus esters, chlorinated hydrocarbons, chlorinated esters, alkyl-phenol-aldehyde condensation products, urethanes, allophanates, carbazides, carbazones, rubber, polyisobutylene, polyvinyl esters, fatty acid esters, volatilized paraffin wax, unsaturated polymerized fatty esters, alkyl phenols, stearic and oleic acids and chlorinated naphthalenes.  Methods of forming the grease are described.