baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-602597-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of para-nitrobenzene sulfonyl chloride
IPC: C07C303/02
Filed: 1945-04-27
Abstract: p-Nitrobenzenesulphonyl chloride is obtained directly from di-p-nitrophenyldisulphide by treatment with chlorine in presence of nitric and hydrochloric acids (preferably concentrated) and a liquid aromatic compound, substantially inert and immiscible with the acid mixture in amount sufficient to dissolve all the product obtained, hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene being preferred.  The product is recovered (a) by separating the non-aqueous phase of the reaction-mixture and diluting with a liquid paraffinic hydrocarbon, especially a petroleum fraction of boiling-range 40 DEG  C. to 210 DEG  C., to effect precipitation; (b) concentrating the non-aqueous phase, prior to diluting with the paraffinic hydrocarbon and purifying the product by extraction with a paraffinic hydrocarbon in a solvent extraction apparatus at a temperature sufficient to maintain the p-nitrobenzene sulphonyl chloride molten; (c) evaporating to dryness the non-aqueous phase, and purifying the crude residue by recrystallization or continuous extraction.  Substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. mono-or di-chlorobenzenes or nitrobenzene may be used, and specified paraffinic hydrocarbons are Skellysolve B, ligroin, petroleum ether, Solvasol and Stoddard solvent.  Preferred proportions of the acid components employed are at least 1 mol. of nitric, and 5 mols. of hydrochloric acid per mol. of di-p-nitrophenyl disulphide; and reaction is effected preferably within the range of 25 DEG  C. to 100 DEG  C.  Three examples of the process are included with full experimental details. Di-p-nitrophenyl disulphide is obtained by boiling p-nitro-chlorobenzene with sodium sulphide and sulphur in aqueous alcohol.
Patent GB-551559-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the degreasing of metal and other non-porous articles
IPC: C23G5/04
Filed: 1941-08-25
Abstract: 551,559. Degreasing non-porous articles. FRASER & FRASER, Ltd., and PARTISCH, K. J. A. Aug. 25, 1941; Nos. 10823/41 and 5904/42. [Class 91] In the degreasing of non-porous articles contaminated with an oil emulsion, the spotting of the articles by the drying out of the emulsifier thereon is avoided by maintaining the emulsifier in a moist and loosely adherent state by means of steam or water, applied just before or at the beginning of the degreasing operation, so that the emulsifier is removed together with the oil by the degreasing agent. The method may be applied to continuous or non-continuous degreasing plant. When steam is used the subsequent removal of the oil emulsion may be effected by condensing vapours of the solvent on the articles, or by exposing them to condensed solvent vapours dripping down upon them from a condenser, or by subjecting them to a spray of the solvent, or by dipping them into the liquid solvent. In a convenient method of treating the articles in a degreasing tank simultaneously with steam and solvent vapour, the mixture is supplied to the tank by means of a combined steam injector and solvent vaporizer comprising a pair of concentric tubes 1, 2, terminating in discharge nozzles 3, 4, with a helix 5 in the space therebetween. Solvent is supplied at an inlet 7 and is vaporized by the steam passing through the inner tube from a supply connected thereto at 8. When water is used the articles are bathed therewith immediately prior to the solvent treatment and this can be conveniently effected in a degreasing tank 9, Fig. 2, by supplying water thereto prior to admitting a solvent heavier than water so that a layer of water floats on the latter and contacts with the articles in a removable perforated container 10 before they are immersed in the solvent. Valve-controlled inlets 13, 11 for the water and solvent respectively and a single valve-controlled outlet 15 are provided..The latter apparatus may be adapted for use in a continuous degreasing plant, the articles to be cleaned being conveyed through the tank in a downward direction.
Patent GB-219727-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in the fastening and sealing of boxes and other containers generally, and particularly for transport of live birds and the like
IPC: G09F3/03
Filed: 1923-04-23
Abstract: 219,727. Williams, F. April 23, 1923. Hasp fastenings; seal fastenings; multiple fastenings for boxes &c.-The rod c for securing the hasps a of a box &c. fastening over the staples b is secured and sealed by a part hinged to the rod and adapted to enter a recess in the lid. The rod c, Fig. 1, has a hinged strap f adapted, when the rod is in screwing position, to be turned over into a recess h, Fig, 2, in the lid, slots f<2> in the strap taking over eyes k in the recess. A rod l, Fig. 3, can then be passed through the eyes k and is secured and sealed by a string lying in a neck j of the recess and passing through a hole n in the rod and the end eye k, the recess being then filled in with sealing wax. In a modification, Fig. 4, the strap f and the recess are parallel to the rod c. and the fixing pin is passed in one direction through the eyes in the recess and sealed for transit one way, and the pin is passed in the other direction and sealed for return. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 10760/98.
Patent GB-161588-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric starters for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02N15/04
Filed: 1921-04-14
Abstract: 161,588. Scintilla, [Firm of]. April 14, 1920, [Convention date] Starting prime-movers, dynamo-electric machines and control circuits for.-In an electric starter for internal-combustion engines, in which a pinion d in mesh with a pinion b on the armature shaft of the starting motor a is rocked about this shaft into engagement with an engine gear, the pinion d is carried by a member e loose on the armature shaft and connected to it at starting by an electromagnet f, which attracts a disc g sliding on the armature shaft. The electromag. net f is in parallel with the motor a and is cut out as soon as the motor is supplied with current. A hand switch closes successively or simultaneously the circuits of the electromagnet f and of an electromagnet for closing a switch in the motor circuit. The circuit of this switch is automatically broken, when the engine is running, by an electromagnetic cut-out supplied by an engine-driven generator.
Patent GB-623168-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to alternating electric current leakage transformers
IPC: H01F27/40
Filed: 1947-04-24
Abstract: 623,168. Rectifying transformer arrangements for charging batteries. WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO., Ltd., and STEVENS, S. A. April 24, 1947, No. 10939. [Classes 38 (ii) and 38 (iv)] In a circuit including a transformer T, having primary and secondary windings on separate limbs, e.g. for charging a battery Q through a rectifier arrangement R, an indicator, such as a lamp K, for showing if the transformer is carrying load is connected to an additional transformer winding L which is so disposed that it links with the leakage flux only, whereby a resultant E.M.F. is induced in it only when the transformer is on load.. The additional winding L may surround both of the limbs carrying primary P and secondary S respec- Fig. 2 (not shown).
Patent GB-103949-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Control Mechanism for the Doors of Lifts.
IPC: B66B13/20
Filed: 1916-08-03
Abstract: 103,949. Igranic Electric Co., (Cutler- Hammer Manufacturing Co.). Aug. 3, 1916. Lift doors, unlocking.- In a push-button lift system, the unlocking-device 7 provided at each well door is actuated by a cam 9 carried by the lift and arranged to be inoperative unless the lift is stopped at a landing. The cam 9 is pivotally mounted on the lift and is provided with a link 12 having an offset roller 14 which engages cams a, b mounted in the well. A spring 11 is provided to draw the cam 9 into operative position when the roller 14 is not in engagement with either of the cams a, b. Movement of the cam 9 towards the left is so retarded by a dash-pot 19 that the time taken by the roller 14 to pass from one of the cams a, b to the other when the lift is moving is less than the time taken by the cam 9 to reach its operative position, and consequently no door is unlocked unless the lift is arrested opposite to it.
Patent GB-1269018-A (GB)
Title: A method of and apparatus for encapsulating pulverulent materials
IPC: B01J2/30
Filed: 1970-03-06
Abstract: 1,269,018. Coating apparatus; coating particles. PROGIL. 6 March, 1970 [10 March, 1969], No. 10990/70. Headings B2E and B2L. [Also in Division C1] Pulverent materials such as metals, metallic oxides, chemical compounds, cements, thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer powders, pesticides or detergents are encapsulated in a continuous coating of at least one macromolecular substance by subjecting the pulverent material to a high frequency electrical discharge in a chamber under reduced pressure and in the presence of at least one polymerisable organic compound. The polymerisable organic compound may be styrene, ethyl acrylate or triallyl phosphate. In examples given styrene or ethyl acrylate are introduced into the coating chamber in gaseous form with the pulverent material and both may be introduced at separate times to produce two coatings. Alternatively triallyl phosphate may be mixed with the pulverent material to produce a paste which is then treated by the high frequency discharge under conditions of reduced pressure. Apparatus (shown in Fig. 1) comprises a rotatable drum 1 having a high frequency discharge electrode 7. Pulverent material is fed through an opening 9 and a gaseous monomer through an opening 8. A screw conveyor 10 feeds the material into the chamber. A vacuum is provided through outlet 11 and the coated material passes out of the chamber through a chute 5 and screw conveyor 13 to outlet 12. In a second embodiment, Fig. 2, pulverent material passes through an inlet 102, through holes 104 in a screen 103 and down glass tubes 105 in a glass container 108 having an electrode 110. Gaseous polymerisable material can be introduced through inlets 111, 112 and a combined inlet and vacuum source 109 is provided. Cooling water enters through a pipe 106 and exits through a pipe 107.
Patent GB-363262-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the storage of fuel in flying boats
IPC: B64C35/00
Filed: 1931-04-14
Abstract: 363,262. Storing fuel on aircraft. DORNIER-METALLBAUTEN GES. and DORNIER, C., Friedrichshafen, Lake Constance, Germany. April 14, 1931, No. 11030. Convention date, May 5, 1930. [Class 4.] A flying boat having lateral fins b has fuel tanks c mounted within the fin stumps and conforming closely to the shape of the fin walls. The tanks may be separated from one another and from the fin walls by elastic packing.
Patent GB-386637-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to staple fibres
IPC: D02G3/40
Filed: 1931-04-15
Abstract: Spun yarn is formed by twisting together short lengths of artificial fibres which have been roughened by the incorporation of finely-divided insoluble material.  The insoluble material may be added to the spinning solution from which the filaments &c. are formed; or it may be applied to the formed filaments while in transit from the spinning machine, in the form of hanks or after cutting into staples.  In the latter case, the filaments &c. are treated with a dispersion of the material, or they are first treated with a solution of soluble salts of the alkaline-earth metals and then with a solution adapted to precipitate an insoluble white salt of the metal. The salt solutions may be swelling agents, e.g. barium thiocyanate, or swelling agents such as formic acid, acetic acid, acetone, &c. are added to the solution.  Suitable precipitants are aqueous solutions of sulphuric or phosphoric acids or soluble salts of these acids. The filaments &c. contain cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. organic esters and ethers; they may additionally contain fibres of cotton, natural wool or silk.  They may be prepared by dry or wet spinning methods and may be cut into short lengths while untwisted or after associating together two or more filaments. Suitable insoluble materials include barium, strontium, or calcium sulphate, carbonate or phosphate; lithium or magnesium silicates; kaolin; mica; zinc sulphide; finely-divided starches and cellulose; also organic compounds of high melting point, e.g. acidyl derivatives of diaminodiphenyl bases such as diacetyl-benzidine and diacetyl-tolidine, condensation products of urea or thiourea and a diphenyl base such as 4 : 4<1>-diureido diphenyl and 4 : 4<1>-dithioureido diphenyl, a -dinaphthyl urea and diphenyl oxamide. The amount of material incorporated amounts to 0,2-5 per cent or more of the weight of the filaments.  In an example, finely-divided titanium oxide in an amount equal to 1 per cent of the weight of cellulose acetate is added to an aqueous acetone solution of cellulose acetate and after thorough mixing and filtering, the solution is extruded into an evaporative atmosphere.  The formed filaments are stretched by about 15 per cent and are cut into staples about 1,5 inches in length which are spun into yarn by operations including opening, filling, dressing, spreading, drawing, and spinning.  In a further example filaments of cellulose acetate in the form of hanks are treated for 1 hour with a solution of barium thiocyanate of 25 DEG  Tw. and at a temperature of 70 DEG  C., and then in the cold for 20 minutes with a 1 per cent solution of sulphuric acid, after which they are rinsed, dried, and cut into staples.
Patent GB-456526-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to modulated carrier wave transmitters
IPC: H03C1/20
Filed: 1935-04-10
Abstract: 456,526. Modulating systems. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO., Ltd., Electra House, Victoria Embankment, London, and DITCHAM, W. T., Almont, Baddow Road, Chelmsford. April 10, 1935, No. 11163. [Class 40 (v)] The modulating-current for effecting anode modulation of a high-power stage of a radio transmitter is obtained by first modulating a low-power carrier and then rectifying the resultant wave. The low-power carrier may be of the same frequency as the transmitted carrier or different. As shown in Fig. 1, an amplifier 3 of the low-power carrier is connected in series with a valve 6 fed with modulating voltage. The output circuit 13 is coupled to a diode rectifier circuit 15 with its load resistance 18 connected in the grid circuit of a valve 20. The unidirectional varying voltage across resistance 18 is opposed by a bias battery 21. The valve 20 acts as a series modulator to the high-power transmitting-valve 26. In Fig. 2, the output from the low-power modulator is fed at 33, 34 to two opposed rectifier circuits 15a, 15b, the load resistances of which are connected in series with opposing batteries 21a, 21b in the grid circuits of modulating- valves 20a, 20b. The plate circuits of these valves are supplied in series by a divided voltage source 35, 36, and a modulation choke 37 is connected between the junction of the voltage source and the junction of the valves. The high-power transmitter valve 26a is connected across the valve 20a so that the latter acts as a shunt modulator, and the valve 20b as a series modulator. In a further modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), the valves 20a, 20b have their cathodes directly connected and their plates connected to opposite ends of a push-pull transformer, the secondary of which applies modulating-voltage in the plate circuit of a high-power radio transmitter valve. The preliminary modulation may be effected by the Heising method.
Patent GB-470874-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to indicators for electric switches and the like
IPC: H01H9/16
Filed: 1936-04-20
Abstract: 470,874. Snap - action switches; indicators for switches. PRENTICE, H. B. April 20, 1936, No. 11212. [Class 38 (v)] In a snap-action switch an "on " and " off " indicator 5x which moves beneath a window 14 is given a comparatively small angular movement by mounting it with lost motion on the contact-carrying shaft 2. For this purpose the shaft 2 has fixed to it a plate 7 and a projection 7x on this plate moves in a recess 6x formed in the plate 5 carrying the indicator 5x.
Patent GB-310468-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in processes and apparatus for dephosphorizing iron
IPC: C21C5/34
Filed: 1929-04-11
Abstract: 310,468. Ries, P., and Bicheroux, F. April 26, 1928, [Convention date]. Purifying and refining; converters.-In a pneumatic process for dephosphorizing iron by means of lime, the lime is introduced into the converter partiy in lumps at the start, and then during the decarbonizing the greater part is injected in the pulverized state by a blast of air, or continuously up to the end of the decarbonizing. The lime is introduced in a stream of air or inert gas into the converter through twyers 4 provided in the wall 5 of the converter below the ordinary blast belt, a metal plate having saw-like teeth 6 being secured outside the wall 5. The lime-laden air enters the twyers 4 from a blast box 1 fed by a pipe 7. In a modification, Fig. 3, the blast chamber 8 receives the air &c. through a tangential inlet, and the nozzle plate 10 is provided with twyer nozzles 12 which have a diameter at least three times that of the ordinary twyers 11.
Patent GB-233695-A (GB)
Title: Soluble food product having fresh kola as a base, and process for the preparation of the same
IPC: A23L25/00
Filed: 1925-04-30
Abstract: 233,695. Chalas, A., and Chalas (nÚe Butler), E. May 7, 1924, [Convention date]. Nut preparations.-A food product in the form of powder, granules, or tablets, soluble in aqueous beverages such as coffee and tea and in broths &c., is formed from an extract of fresh kola incorporated with lactose. After the destruction of the oxydases by heat or otherwise, a soft hydroalcoholic extract is prepared and peptized with hot water; the powdered lactose is then added, the mass being constantly stirred. The mixture may be dried to form a powder, or while still moist it may be granulated; and either the powder or the granules may be compressed to form tablets.
Patent GB-675416-A (GB)
Title: An improved artificial foot
IPC: A61F2/66
Filed: 1950-05-08
Abstract: 675,416. Artificial limbs. GRISONI, A. May 8, 1950 [May 6, 1949], No. 11340/50. Class 81 (ii). In an artificial foot the ankle joint comprises two pivots mutually at right angles, movement being restricted by resilient cushions, and the toe portion is articulated to the main part of the foot. In the embodiment described the sole part 1 of the foot carries a bearing block 3, in which there is a longitudinal pivot pin 9. This pin is secured in lugs 10, 10' on a member of which an upwardly extending projection engages around a transverse pivot pin 13, this being carried in parallel downward extensions of the stump-engaging member 4. Movement of the foot in a vertical plane is checked by resilient buffer blocks 16, 17 place between the joint members 14<SP>1</SP>, 15<SP>1</SP> and projections 14, 15 respectively on the upper part 4. Movement about the longitudinal axis is checked by resilient blocks placed between lateral projections 11 and retaining recesses in the foot itself. A resilient layer 18 is secured along the bottom of the foot and serves as a hinge for the toe portion 1', while buffer blocks 2 are interposed between the parts. The whole of the upper part of the foot and ankle is enclosed in a sponge rubber layer 20.
Patent GB-107461-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Chimneys, Chimney Pots and the like.
Inventor: HAMPSON WILFRID
IPC: F23L17/02
Filed: 1916-08-11
Abstract: 107,461. Hampson, W., and Lawrence, J. Aug. 11, 1916. Baffles.-A perforated cylinder a, clcsed at the top and provided with a flange at the bettom, is adapted for insertion in a chimney just above the fireplate.
Patent GB-1154452-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Hydraulic Driving Arrangements
Inventor: LASBREY IAN KENNAN BERTRAM
IPC: B66D1/48
Filed: 1966-03-15
Abstract: 1,154,452. Drawing and extruding metals. SHORT BROS. & HARLAND Ltd. 14 March, 1967 [15 March, 1966], No. 11356/66. Heading B3P. [Also in Division D1] To prevent the tension in the cable 25 from exceeding a predetermined maximum value, Fig. 1, the drum 24 is driven by an hydraulic motor 10 and the pressure of the fluid supply 33 to the motor is varied. The load on the drum 24 is transmitted to a load measuring device 18 by a floating balance arm 14. The upthrust exerted by the device 18 is settable by a control valve 27. When the tension in the cable 25 exceeds a predetermined maximum value the arm 14 rooks downwardly to displace a push rod 29 to shut off a supply port 36 for the valve 30 and provide a crossconnection between the ports 34 and 39 thereby allowing pressure fluid in the motor 10 to be fed to the return line 37 so that the motor can be back driven. It is desirable for the opening of the control valve 30 to be proportional to the increase in applied torque and this proportionality is obtained by the spring 31. A direction and speed control valve is included. In Fig. 2 (not shown) the roller 42 is driven by an hydraulic motor 44 and the load on the roller 42 is transmitted to a load measuring device 18<SP>1</SP> by a floating balance arm 14<SP>1</SP>. The upthrust exerted by the device 18<SP>1</SP> is settable by the control valve 27<SP>1</SP>. When the tension in the textile yarn 40 exceeds a predetermined maximum the arm 14<SP>1</SP> rocks downwardly to displace a push rod 29<SP>1</SP> in a spool valve 45. The valve 45 is a flow control valve arranged to reduce the speed of the motor 44 in response to increase in reaction torque whereby to maintain the tension in the material 40 constant. The valve 45 can be replaced by a four-way valve controlling the pressure in the supply line 47 as well as the return line 46. The roller 41 is driven at a slower speed than the roller 42 and may have no control; or it may have separate speed control; or the control arrangement for the roller 42 may be modified by introducing a differential lever, the push rod 29<SP>1</SP> being connected to one end of the lever, the other end of the lever being connected to a lever and link mechanism displaceable by the speed control mechanism for the motor 43, and the lever being connected to a point intermediate its ends, preferably at its centre, to a further push rod controlling the operation of the valve 45.