Patent GB-744534-A (GB)
Title: Improved lubricating oil additive compositions
IPC: C10M159/24
Filed: 1953-01-08
Abstract: Lubricating oil additive compositions are obtained by forming a mixture of an oil-soluble metal aromatic hydrocarbon sulphonate and an alkyl phenol sulphide or alkyl thiophenol sulphide, and contacting this mixture with at least one basic metal neutralizing agent in an amount in excess of that required to neutralize the alkyl phenol sulphide or alkyl thiophenol sulphide to impart substantial alkalinity to the mixture.  The alkyl phenol sulphide may have the formula: <FORM:0744534/IV(a)/1> where R is at least one alkyl group, x is an integer from 1 to 4, and y is an integer from 1 to 6, and the alkyl phenol sulphide or alkyl thiophenol sulphide may have the formula: <FORM:0744534/IV(a)/2> where R and x are as above (R preferably being alkyl of 4-24 carbon atoms), and x is oxygen or sulphur.  The nuclei in the above formul  may be substituted, e.g. by alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, sulphhydryl, nitro, ester, keto, amino, aldehydo, chlormethyl, aminomethyl, alkyl thiomethyl, alkyl xanthomethyl, metal substituted carboxyl, sulpho, hydroxyl, or mercapto, and halogen. Alkyl phenol sulphides listed include alkyl naphthol sulphides and sulphides having an acyclic radical on one side of the sulphur atom. The hydrocarbon sulphonates may be obtained by sulphonating alkyl benzenes, alkyl naphthalenes, alkyl anthracenes, or alkyl picenes, or by sulphonating lubricating oil base stocks to produce mahogany acids.  Mono- or polyvalent metal sulphonates may be prepared, e.g. sulphonates of the alkaline earths.  Neutralizing agents specified are oxides, hydroxides, carbides, or alkoxides of calcium, barium, magnesium, nickel, cobalt, tin, lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, manganese, iron, aluminium, sodium, potassium, or lithium. Neutralization may be carried out at 60-220 DEG  C.  The additive composition may be used with hydrocarbon lubricants, or with polyether or polyester type lubricants, or those produced by polymerization of olefines or hydrogenation of animal, vegetable, or fish oils.  Examples describe blends of calcium petroleum sulphonates and calcium or barium tert-octyl phenol sulphides.ALSO:Lubricating oil additive compositions are obtained by forming a mixture of an oil-soluble metal aromatic hydrocarbon sulphonate and an alkyl phenol sulphide or alkyl thiophenol sulphide, and contacting this mixture with at least one basic metal neutralizing agent in an amount in excess of that required to neutralize the alkyl phenol sulphide or alkyl thiophenol sulphide to impart substantial alkalinity to the mixture.  The alkyl phenol sulphide may have the formula:- <FORM:0744534/III/1> where R is at least one alkyl group, x is an integer from 1 to 4, and Y is an integer from 1 to 6, and the alkyl phenol sulphide or alkyl thiophenol sulphide may have the formula:- <FORM:0744534/III/2> where R and x are as above (preferably R is alkyl of 4-24 carbon atoms), and x is oxygen or sulphur.  The nuclei in the above formulae may be substituted, e.g. by alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, sulphhydryl, nitro, ester, keto, amino, aldehyde, chlormethyl, aminomethyl, alkyl thiomethyl, alkyl xanthomethyl, metal substituted carboxyl, sulpho, hydroxyl, or mercapto and halogen.  Alkyl phenol sulphides listed include alkyl naphthol sulphides and sulphides having an acyclic radical on one side of the sulphur atom.  The hydrocarbon sulphonates may be obtained by sulphonating alkyl benzenes, alkyl naphthalenes, alkyl anthracenes or alkyl picenes, or by sulphonating lubricating oil base stocks to produce mahogany acids.  Mono- or polyvalent metal sulphonates may be prepared, e.g. sulphonates of the alkaline earths. Neutralizing agents specified are oxides, hydroxides, carbides, or alkoxides of calcium, barium, magnesium, nickel, cobalt, tin, lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, manganese, iron, aluminium, sodium, potassium, or lithium.  Neutralization may be carried out at 60-220 DEG C.  The additive compositions may be used with hydrocarbon lubricants, or with polyether or polyester type lubricants, or those produced by polymerization of olefines or hydrogenation of animal, vegetable, or fish oils.  Examples describe blends of calcium petroleum sulphonates and calcium or barium tert-octyl phenol sulphides.