Patent GB-190225484-A (GB)
Title: Improved Method of and Machinery for Producing Wire Nails and other Articles by a Rolling Operation
Inventor: LATHAM ALBERT
Filed: 1902-11-20
Granted: 1904-02-20
Abstract: 25,484. Latham, A., Fuery, G. T., and Fuller, H. E. Nov. 20. Rolling.-Wire articles are produced by rolling between rolls provided with dies. The application to nails is described. The rolls a, c on the shafts a<2>, c' are driven by gear wheels x, y, w<2>, w<3> from the shaft w, which is driven by worm gearing v, v' from the main shaft u. The bearing-blocks a<3>, a<4> can be moved by wedges a<5>, a<6> to adjust the distance of the rolls a, c. The crank u<7> on the shaft u works the ram s, which is suitably guided in the frame d. The ram is swivelled to the adjustable rod s<2>, and has a face s<4> of hard steel. The wire is fed into the machine between the rotating discs q, by which it is straightened, and is gripped by the feed wheels n, o on spindles n<2>, o<2>, which have an eccentric bearing in the sleeves n<3>, o<3> fitted to the adjustable frame r. The grip of the wheels n, o, is adjusted by the right-andleft-handed screw m, which is fitted with a lock-nut, and engages the sleeves n<3>, o<3>. The spindles n<2>, o<2> are worked by worm gearing from the shaft l<3> by the pulley l'. The guide-tube k directs the wire to the rolls, and a similar tube j receives the nails. The acting-surfaces of the rolls consist of a number of dies f, Figs. 1, 6, 10, and 17, rotating with the rolls but capable of a slight sliding motion in the concentric grooves h in the rolls, in which they are held by the grooves f<2> and projections f<3>. Each die is grooved to form one half of the point, shank, and head of a nail, and also has a bevelled forward edge f which forms a protuberance on the head of each nail. The dies are caused to make their heading movement in the groove h by the wedges g, which are operated in pairs by a blow of the ram s, and are afterwards returned to their former position by the cam-faces a<7>, c'. Each wedge works in a steel bush g<2>, adjustably fixed in che rolls. The inclined portion of the wedge bears against the middle of the back of the die. Each die has an opening f<6>, which receives the bush g<2> and acts as a stop in the heading movement. Springs f<7> may be arranged to move the dies back after each heading movement. Figs. 6 and 10 show how the heads and points are formed by the movement of each pair of dies z. The section of the grooves f<4> is different from that of the wire, to enable the rolls to obtain a good grip ; for instance, nails corrugated or of cross-shaped section are formed from wire of circular or oval section. The dies may be shaped to engage each other, and keep the grooves f<4> in line. The engaging faces of the ram s and the wedges g may be slightly inclined, to avoid a tendency of the wedges to sheer off. As shown in Fig. 20, each die may have a projection f<20> engaging a recess in the next one. Fig. 23 shows a modification in which the wedges g work radially, being moved by a ram .s and by rolling upon each other. Instead of sliding in the grooves h, the dies may be pivoted to the rolls. Fig. 26 shows a modification in which the dies z are moved forwards, and the dies z<2> backwards, simultaneously, by pawls x, x<2> engaging ratchet-teeth j<2>.