Patent GB-982695-A (GB)
Title: Automatic written or printed character-recognition method
IPC: G06V30/224
Filed: 1962-02-16
Abstract: 982, 695. Automatic character reading. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Feb. 16, 1962 [Feb. 17, 1961], No. 6132/62. Heading G4R. In apparatus for recognizing characters shaped as in Fig. 1 to comprise long or short vertical strokes in four positions across the character, the characters are scanned by a column of photo-cells 8 Fig.2 and the signals derived are applied to a circuit which detects the presence of long or short vertical strokes, corresponding signals being entered into a store. The height of a short stroke above the bottom edge of the field is also determined and compared with the height of a stroke in the previous position. The distribution of the long (1) and short (k) strokes in the four positions is shown in the table of Fig. 1. "O" indicates the absence of a stroke. The right hand section shows the comparison between the heights of the bottom ends of each stroke and the preceding stroke. Thus in the case of digit "8" there is a short stroke in each position, the second is higher than the first (+) the third is at the same height as the second (o) and the fourth is lower than the third (-). The signals from the photo-cells 8 appear on 24 leads and after amplification, are compared in adjacent groups of four by resistors 13, the resulting signals being applied to 21 threshold devices 14 which respond to signals above a predetermined black level to provide signals which are passed by gate 15 Fig. 3 opened by the first stroke signals into the lower 21 stages of a shift register 16. The effect of combining adjacent signals is to strengthen signals derived from vertical strokes and weaken other signals. The signal stored in the shift register are shifted upwards into the stages connected to the "length-of-stroke" detector 17. This determines whether the stroke is long or short, or whether there is no stroke. A fourth condition is initiated by the presence of a black signal in the top stage of register 16 and causes the detector to give a "not-recognised" signal, indicating that whatever information has been stored in register 16 it has not been recognised by the circuit 17. The four conditions are coded by combinations of two binary digits which are stored in the shift registers 18 and 19. The number of steps through which the stored pattern in the register 16 was shifted before the lower end reached a predetermined point in the register is a measure of the distance from the lower boundary of the character area of the stroke under investigation. The steps are counted in a binary scale counter 20 which, after the counting operation is complete, operates as a shift register. Shift pulses step the binary number in the counter 20 digit-bydigit into a subtractor 22 and into a similar register 21. In the case of the first stroke the register 21 is empty and the subtraction is ignored. The following three positions of the character are sensed in turn and the signals are gated into the register 16 as before by signals derived from the first stroke. The signals from each position are treated in the same way, being shifted up into the upper part of the register 16. If there is a stroke in the second position the number in the counter 20 representing the position of the stroke is compared in the subtractor with the position of the first stroke. The subtractor subtracts the digits pair by pair and enters the difference in store 23. The stages are connected to a detector 24 which determines whether the second stroke is higher or lower than or of equal height to the first stroke. As the counter 20 is read out into the subtractor the value therein is entered into the store 21 for comparison with the next following stroke. If no stroke is detected in the second position no comparison takes place, the counts being retained for comparison with the stroke in the third position. Two binary digits represent the three possible comparisons. These are stored in registers 25, 26. After the four positions have been sensed the signals stored in registers 18, 19 and 25, 26 are applied to the recognition circuit 27 which comprises a network of diodes. An identifying signal is produced on one of ten leads.