baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-963787-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of producing hydrotropic sulfonates of benzene and lower alkyl benzenes
Inventor: GIRAUDI CARLO
IPC: C07C303/04
Filed: 1962-11-26
Abstract: A method of producing hydrotropic sulphonates of benzene or lower alkyl benzenes e.g. toluene xylene or cumene wherein benzene or lower alkyl benzene in stoichiometric excess is sulphonated and the excess benzene or lower alkyl benzene together with additional benzene or lower alkyl benzene is utilized to remove excess water from the reaction mixture after the completion of the sulphonation reaction, comprises the steps of adding the reaction mixture and an aqueous solution of an alkali, e.g. a 30-50% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, to water and admixing the same at a temperature not in excess of 65 DEG C., the alkali being used in amounts to bring the pH of the mixture into the range of 3 to 9, allowing the mixture to separate into layers, removing the lower layer comprising an aqueous solution of the hydrotropic sulphonate, and washing the same with a volatile liquid aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g. toluene, xylene or cumene and separating the aqueous solution of the hydrotropic sulphonate from the volatile liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.  An example is given of the formation of sodium xylene sulphonate.
Patent GB-1049530-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to resilient filling materials for insertion in expansion joints
Inventor: PORTER PERCY WILFRED
IPC: E01C11/10
Filed: 1962-11-26
Abstract: 1,049,530. Laminates. CELOTEX Ltd. Feb. 25, 1964 [Nov. 26, 1962], No. 44660/62. Heading B5N. An expansion joint filler board 12 (Fig. 1, not shown) comprises a rigid layer 10 of fibrous board such as hardboard or plywood having bonded to each side a resiliently compressible layer 11 of fibrous material, e.g. of refined sugar cane fibres. The layers may be impregnated with bitumen or other preserving and waterproofing material and may be bonded together by a water-resistant calcium caseinate or latextype glue. The board 12 may be used as an expansion joint filler board between spaced masses of concrete or may be used in expansion jointsin bridges &c. to fill gaps left for permitting relative expansion of members of the structure.
Patent GB-1533643-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the production of a yarn having a potential crimp
IPC: D01D5/22
Filed: 1976-10-29
Abstract: 1533643 Crimpable filaments AGENCE NATIONALE DE VALORISATION DE LA RECHERCHE & M S MELANCON 29 Oct 1976 [30 Oct 1975] 45142/76 Heading B5B A spinning head block 23 has extending at its centre a single passage 24 formed at its inlet end by a portion 25 of open frusto conical configuration communicating at its smaller base with a cylindrical portion 26 and heated by a collar or jacket 27. The block is connected at its upper end to an element for feeding polymer under pressure and at its lower end with a piece 32 provided with a passage 34 in alignment with passage 24 which brings the molten polymer to a variable viscosity gradient from block 23 to the screen or sieve assembly 36 of spinning head 35. To improve the viscosity gradient thin strips of a bad conducting metal may be inserted in the passages so as to form lengthwise partitions. Furthermore the screen 36 may not be horizontal but may be inclined thereto or may be in a conical configuration. In a further modification the block is formed of two concentric rings 44 and 45 of conical configuration which are open at the inlet and joined at their base by a perforated disc 46. Ring 45 is arranged so that polymer in the connector 20 is distributed into the passage 25-40 and the annular passage 48. When an apparatus using a pusher screw is envisaged the heating block may be used as a means for producing a viscosity gradient only. A block similar to that shown in Fig. 10 but where the heating elements 27 are replaced by cartridge heaters installed in the clamping plate 29 is used. Preferred melt extruded filaments are polyolefines, polyesters and polyamides which are crimped by heating and drawing after spinning.
Patent GB-1410764-A (GB)
Title: Electrodposition of metals
IPC: C25D3/02
Filed: 1971-09-30
Abstract: 1410764 Electro-deposition of metals BRITISH NON-FERROUS METALS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION 19 Sept 1972 [30 Sept 1971] 45668/71 Heading C7B A solution for the electrolytic deposition of at least one metal exclusively selected from Zn, Ni, Cu, Fe, Pb, Sn, Cd, Co and Mn has a pH of 1.0-7.5 and comprises water and at least one dipolar organic compound whose molecule contains a highly electro-negative oxygen atom (i.e. an oxygen atom which is activated by an adjacent electron-donating atom or group). Dissolved ions of each of the metals to be deposited are present in the solution at a concentration of at least 0.1M, the predominant anion (i.e. of higher molar concentration than of any other anion in the solution) being selected from Cl<SP>-</SP>, Br<SP>-</SP>, I<SP>-</SP>, SO 4 <SP>2-</SP>, NO 3 <SP>-</SP> and acetate. The proportion of water to the total amount of the dipolar organic compound(s) is between 9:1 and 1:9 by volume. Examples of dipolar organic molecules which contain a highly electro-negative oxygen atom, are dimethyl sulphoxide, tetrahydrothiophen dioxide (sulpholane), tetramethyl urea, tertiary butyl formamide, formamide, acetamide, N-methyl formamide, dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. Mixtures of different dipolar organic compounds may be employed. The solution may additionally include NH 4 Cl, NaCl, CaCl 2 , H 3 BO 3 , surfactants (unspecified) and animal glue. Specified conditions for electrolysis are:- solution temperature of 20-65‹C, current density up to 3000 Amps/sq.m. or higher, a graphite anode and either (a) air or mechanical agitation of the electrolyte in the vicinity of the anode or (b) separation of anolyte and catholyte by a porous diaphragm.
Patent GB-1271728-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gyroscopes
Inventor: HARLE TOM FREDERICK
IPC: G01C19/20
Filed: 1969-09-17
Abstract: 1,271,728. Gyroscopic apparatus. DEFENCE, SECRETARY OF STATE FOR. Sept. 17, 1970 [Sept. 17, 1969], No.45742/69. Heading G1C. A gyroscope for sensing rotational movement comprises a rotor 1 maintained in a predetermined attitude relative to a mounting by the action of two pairs of opposed air jets 10, 11 spaced 90 degrees apart around the rotor rim 7, each air jet having associated with it a pressure sensing vent 15 connected to a pressure transducer, pressure difference sensor, or a fluid logic circuit. The pressure difference between the vents associated with a pair of jets is a measure of the torque required to precess the rotor at the same speed as the mounting, and hence of the rate of precession. The rotor is air-driven and supported in a spherical air bearing 2 having air delivery holes 4 from supply pipes 3. Each air jet nozzle comprises an annular supply passage 12 feeding a ring of holes 13, the sensing vent 15 opening into a line 14 being at the centre of the ring.
Patent GB-1380631-A (GB)
Title: Internal combustion engine accessories mounting arrangement
IPC: F01P5/10
Filed: 1972-10-05
Abstract: 1380631 Mounting I C engine accessories GENERAL MOTORS CORP 5 Oct 1972 [29 Oct 1971] 45897/72 Heading F1B A plurality of brackets 18, 20, 22 are secured to a casting 15 containing a water pump (67), Fig. 5 (not shown) and one end of a respective accessory 26, 28, 30 is secured to each of the brackets. The other ends of the accessories 26, 28, 30 are secured to a further bracket 16. The casting 15 is secured to the engine block 34 and the bracket 16 is secured to the engine manifold 66 between the cylinder heads 39 and the engine block. A further accessory 24 is secured at one end to the casting 15 and at the other end to the bracket 16. The casting 15 defines water passages for communication with the radiator and the engine block and cylinder heads and a cooling fan (31), Fig. 3 (not shown) is mounted on the casting. A thermostat is located adjacent an outlet (48), Fig. 6 (not shown), in the casting 15 to control water return to the radiator. The water pump casting may be formed of two parts (134, 136) Fig. 10 (not shown), and include a chamber (156) to accommodate the timing chain. The accessories may be an air conditioning compressor 24, an alternator 26, a power steering pump 28 and an air pump 30.
Patent GB-1191830-A (GB)
Title: Connector Plates
IPC: F16B15/00
Filed: 1967-10-06
Abstract: 1,191,830. Spiked plates. HYDRO-AIR ENG. Inc. 6 Oct., 1967 [21 Oct., 1966], No. 45963/67. Heading F2H. A connector plate for securing together adjacent wood structural members comprises a thin-gauge metal plate 5 having a plurality of elongate integral teeth 7, 9 extending from one face which are struck out from the plate, the tip portion of each of the teeth having tapered side edges converging to a point 23, 25, the point of some of the teeth 7 being at the centre (Fig. 5) and the point of other of the teeth 9 being offset from the centre of the teeth whereby the unsymmetrical teeth bend transversely when they are driven into a wood member. The teeth are arranged in rows of symmetrical teeth 7 and rows of unsymmetrical teeth 9a, 9b with the teeth in the rows of symmetrical teeth being staggered relative to the teeth in adjacent rows of unsymmetrical teeth. Two rows of unsymmetrical teeth may be adjacent each other, with the points of the tip portions offset from each other (see Fig. 8).
Patent GB-1056688-A (GB)
Title: Gyromagnetic resonance spectrometer
IPC: G01R33/60
Filed: 1964-11-11
Abstract: 1,056,688. Gyromagnectic spectrometers. VARIAN ASSOCIATES. Nov. 11, 1964 [Nov. 12, 1963], No.45985/64. Heading G1N. In a gyromagnetic resonance spectrometer, a resonance signal from a sample cavity 12 is mixed with a reference signal in a mixer 22 so as to produce at crystal detectors 28, 30 two signals which differ in phase by 90 degrees. In the mixer, Figs. 3 and 4 (not shown), the resonance signal is split by a 10db coupler 19 between waveguide sections 18, 20 and the reference signal is split by a 3db coupler 25 between waveguide sections 24, 26. Section 26 contains a 90 degrees phase shifter 66. The spectrometer incorporates an A. F. C. loop to lock the frequency of klystron 10 to the resonant frequency of the sample cavity. A sweep generator 54 sweeps the frequency of the klystron through the resonant frequency of the cavity and an A. F. C. phase-sensitive detector 58 forms a D. C. error signal if the centre frequency of the klystron output differs from the resonant frequency of the cavity. The A. F. C. loop should have negligible gain at the frequency of the field modulation sweep generator 36. For absorption mode detection, gauged switch 46 is set at position A thereby connecting crystal detector 28 via amplifier 48 to a phase-sensitive detector 52 and also to the A. F. C. loop. For dispersion mode detection, switch 46 is set first at position B while phase shifter 44 is adjusted to obtain a symmetrical mode sweep signal on oscilloscope 50, Fig. 5 (not shown), and then at position C where a band-rejection filter 62 passes all but the A. F. C. signal from detector 28 and a band-pass filter 60 rejects all but the A. F. C. signal from detector 30.
Patent GB-978535-A (GB)
Title: Process for the purification of hot gases obtained by partial combustion and containing soot and carbonyl sulphide
Inventor: BALLY ADRIANUS PETRUS
IPC: B01D53/34
Filed: 1962-12-05
Abstract: A process for purifying hot gases obtained by the partial combustion of carbonaceous combustible materials and containing soot and carbonyl sulphide comprises contacting the gas with enough water to saturate the gas and cool it to below its dew point, whereby the soot is largely removed in aqueous suspension, contacting the cleaned gas, in the absence of liquid water, with a carbonyl sulphide conversion catalyst (preferably between 120 DEG  and 200 DEG  C.) and treating the final gas with an agent for removing H2S and, if desired, carbonyl sulphide.  The catalyst is one capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of COS to H2S + CO2. Suitable catalysts, which may be in fixed or moving bed form or fluidized, may be alumina, bauxite, activated clays, aluminium phosphate, thoria, or MgCl2 and preferably contain at least one Group VI and/or Group VIII metal.  Cobalt molybdate on alumina is mentioned. The H2S-removing agent may be conventional, e.g. an aqueous solution of an alkanolamine, potassium phosphate, caustic soda, or cyclotetramethylene sulphone with an alkanolamine with or without water.  A mixture containing iron oxide may be used.  The original gas is preferably indirectly cooled, e.g. to within the range 150 DEG  to 500 DEG  C., before the first washing stage, which may be carried out by spraying water into a downwardly-sloping tube as described in Specification 826,209.  To prevent decline in catalytic activity, the washed gas should be rendered free of liquid water, e.g. by heating to 7 DEG  to 10 DEG C. above its dew point, e.g. by steam jackets, or by lowering its pressure, and a second water spray washing preferably succeeds the conversion step to remove further soot.  If the final H2S-removal step is intended also to remove further COS, aqueous solutions of dipropanolamine are preferred.  Steam may be added to the gas after the first washing, as described in Specification 851,655.  Two specific examples are described. Specifications 780,120 and 879,090 are referred to.
Patent GB-1403148-A (GB)
Title: Shot shell and wadding therefor
IPC: F42B7/08
Filed: 1973-10-03
Abstract: 1403148 Disposable cartridge wads HERCULES Inc 3 Oct 1973 [4 Oct 1972] 46133/73 Heading C3F [Also in Division F3] A shotgun cartridge over-powder wad comprises a body of water soluble plastics, e.g. hydroxypropyl cellulose, which readily dissolves in dew or rain and hence does not pollute the environment once the cartridge has been fired. The wad is reinforced with fibres of staple cotton, rayon, polyester, polypropylene or glass and is filled with an inert material such as talc or cornstarch. Minor quantities of other additives are selected from titanium dioxide, propylene glycol, glycerol monostearate, carboxymethylcellulose, ethylenevinyl acetate latex, polyethylene wax, butylated hydroxytoluene, lauryl thiodiproprionate, and antioxidants.
Patent GB-1013837-A (GB)
Title: Erythromycin salts and esters
Inventor: VALENTI GIUSEPPE
IPC: C07H17/08
Filed: 1962-12-07
Abstract: The invention relates to erythromycin lactate. This compound is produced by reacting a solution of erythromycin in an organic solvent (or mixture of organic solvents) in which erythromycin lactate is insoluble, e.g. butyl acetate, with an equivalent amount or an excess of lactic acid.  Erythromycin lactate may be converted to (a) erythromycin base by treatment with an alkaline inorganic or organic substance, or (b) an ester or other salt of erythromycin by treatment with the appropriate salt, acid chloride or acid anhydride.  Examples describe the preparation of erythromycin propionylester, erythromycin lauryl sulphate, erythromycin thiocyanate, erythromycin lactobionate and erythromycin sulphamate.  Erythromycin lactate may be prepared directly from a solvent extract of a fermentation broth.  It is soluble in water to produce a pH of 5.5.  An injection comprises erythromycin lactate and an injectable liquid carrier, e.g. water. Specifications 708,159, 768,043 and 885,528 are referred to.
Patent GB-1451943-A (GB)
Title: Reactor for plasma-chemical processes
IPC: H05H1/42
Filed: 1973-10-04
Abstract: 1451943 Gas reactor AGA AB 4 Oct 1973 [13 Got 1972] 46420/73 Heading H5H A chemical reactor comprises a plasma arc generator (not shown) supplying a plasma stream via a pipe 1 to a reactant injection zone 2 where reactant is injected into the plasma stream from all sides with a tangential velocity and a quenching zone 4 where the resultant mixture is cooled by coolant injected into the plasma-reactant mixture from all sides with a tangential velocity of opposite rotation. The quenching and injection zones are similarly constructed and comprise concentric tubular pipes 5, 8, the inner one 8 having a plurality of injection nozzles 9 so arranged in its walls that coolant or reactant fed thereto from annular supply duct 6 in the outer pipe 5 has a tangential velocity component and possibly an axial component relative to the plasma stream or reactant-plasma stream. A plurality of reaction zones and quenching zones may be arranged one behind the other so that the injection medium strikes the flow 11 alternately clockwise and anticlockwise. A tube 3 may join the reaction and quenching zones, its length determining the duration of the reaction. A hydrogen plasma, injected with hydrocarbon reactants and possibly quenched by the same liquid hydrocarbons may be used to produce acetylene.
Patent GB-1201034-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a decorative cladding
Inventor: WILSON JOHN MILLAR
IPC: E04F13/18
Filed: 1966-09-13
Abstract: 1,201,034. Ornamenting. FLEXAROK Ltd. 12 Sept., 1967 [13 Sept., 1966; 18 Oct., 1966], Nos. 40856/66 and 46470/66. Heading B6G. [Also in Division B2] Decorative claddings for mounting on a wall and having the appearance of stone or brick are produced by applying to a face of a non- reinforced base member formed from a cellular synthetic plastics a copolymer in a fluid state and different from the cellular plastics, and simultaneously or subsequently decorating the base member by applying granules and thereafter solidifying the copolymer. The base member may be formed of polystyrene. The cladding may be formed as tiles ready for mounting on a backing surface or in strip form. The tiles may be formed into a wall, spaces between adjacent tiles being filled with normal pointing material or with imitation pointing formed by narrow strips of the cladding material. In Fig. 5 the uncoated rear face 9 of the tile 5 is melted along an irregular crease line 11 by the application of a flame, hot bar. The edge of the tile 5 is bent rearwards about crease 11. The cladding may be supplied in sheet form having a wall appearance by locating a series of strips of tape over the surface to be coated, marking, coating and decorating the surface, then removing the tape. In another embodiment two pieces of polystyrene are adhered together at 90 degrees before applying a coating and decorating to form comer pieces for inner or outer facing, or alternatively the untreated face of a coated and decorated slab of polystyrene is melted along a crease line and folded back on itself to form a corner piece.
Patent GB-935983-A (GB)
Title: Hydrazinonitrofurylthiazoles
IPC: C07D417/04
Filed: 1961-12-28
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the general formula:-<FORM:0935983/IV(a)/1> in which R is hydrogen or acetyl, and R1 is hydrogen, acetyl, formyl, or phenylthiocarbamyl. 2-Hydrazino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-thiazole is prepared by reacting 2-(2-isopropylidene hydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-thiazole with aqueous hydrochloric acid at about 100 DEG C.  Reaction of the product with acetic anhydride at 50 DEG C. produces 2-(2-acetylhydrazino)-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-thiazole, and at 110 DEG C. produces the diacetyl derivative.  Reaction at 50 DEG C. with formic acid produces the formyl derivative and boiling with phenylisocyanate produces the phenylthiocarbamyl derivative.ALSO:Antimicrobial compositions comprise compounds of the general formula <FORM:0935983/VI/1> in which R is hydrogen or acetyl, and R1 is hydrogen, acetyl, formyl, or phenylthiocarbamyl.  The compounds can be dispersed on an inert, finely divided solid and used as a dust or they can be dispersed in water or oil with or without a wetting, dispersing or emulsifying agent and used as a spray.  A concentration of 50 p.p.m. in aqueous solution has been found effective.
Patent GB-1119604-A (GB)
Title: Gaskets for cylinder sleeves
IPC: F02F11/00
Filed: 1966-10-18
Abstract: 1,119,604. Joint-making packing. FELT PRODUCTS MFG. CO. 18 Oct., 1966 [28 Dec., 1965], No. 46516/66. Heading F2B. [Also in Division F1 Sealing means between a cylinder liner 16 and head 23 comprises a gasket 29 having an annular rib 33 on one face 32 and two annular sealing surfaces separated by a concave surface 31 on the opposite face. The face 32 is convex and the gasket is located, with the rib 33 seated on a flange 18 of the liner, between a rim 17 of the liner and a gasket 27 between the head 23 and the cylinder block 11. The flange 18 seats on a shoulder 15 on the block 11.
Patent GB-945912-A (GB)
Title: Anthraquinone compounds and materials dyed therewith
IPC: C09B1/54
Filed: 1961-12-29
Abstract: b -Ethoxyethanesulphonamide is prepared by heating 2-bromoethyl ethyl ether in aqueous ethanol with addition of an aqueous sodium sulphite solution, evaporating the mixture to dryness, extracting the residue with boiling ethanol and treating it with phosphorus pentachloride to give b -ethoxyethanesulphonyl chloride which is reacted in benzene solution with anhydrous ammonia.ALSO:The invention comprises anthraquinone dyes of formula <FORM:0945912/C3/1> wherein R is an alkyl group of 1-8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 3-6 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group having 2-4 carbon atoms, or an allyl, benzyl, cyclohexyl, tetrahydrofurfuryl or b -phenoxy-ethyl group and R1 is an alkyl group having 1-8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 3-6 carbon atoms or the cyclohexyl group. The dyes are used to dye polyester and cellulose ester fibres in red shades.  In examples: (1) a mixture of 1-amino-4-bromoanthraquinone-2-sodium sulphonate, ethanesulphonamide, sodium acetate, copper sulphate and water are refluxed together to give 1-amino-4-ethylsulphonamido - anthraquinone - 2 - sulphonic acid which is treated with methanolic potassium hydroxide to give 1-amino-2-methoxy-4-ethylsulphonamido-anthraquinone and the corresponding 4 - b  - ethoxyethylsulphonamido - 4-n - pentylsulphonamido, 4 - n - butylsulphonamido and 4-isoamylsulphonamido compounds are similarly prepared; (2) a mixture of 1-amino-4 - bromoanthraquinone - 2 - sulphonic acid, potassium carbonate methane sulphonamide and water is refluxed to give the potassium salt of 1 - amino - 4 - methylsulphonamido - anthraquinone-2-sulphonic acid which is treated a mixture of n-butyl alcohol and potassium hydroxide to give 1-amino-2-n-butoxy - 4 - methylsulphonamido - anthraquinone and the corresponding 2-tetrahydrofurfuryloxy-, 2-ethoxy-, 2-cyclohexoxy-, 2-benzyloxy-, 2-b -ethoxy-ethoxy-, 2-b -phenoxyethoxy- and 2-b -n-butoxyethoxy-compounds are similarly prepared; (3) 1,4-diamino-2-methoxyanthraquinone and cyclohexane-sulphonyl chloride are refluxed in ethylene glycol monomethyl ether to give 1 - amono - 2 - methoxy - 4 - cyclohexylsulphonamido - anthraquinone. Specifications 578,079, 818,157 and 822,015 are referred to.