Patent GB-702929-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of textiles
IPC: D01F11/00
Filed: 1951-04-02
Abstract: Textile materials are given the combined characteristics of softness, lubricity, rewettability, scourability and anti-static properties by impregnating them with a composition comprising (1) a scourable textile lubricant which is an oily or waxy ester of a polyhydroxylic compound containing 2-6 carbon atoms with a fatty acid containing 12-30 carbon atoms or a polyoxylkylene ether thereof and (2) a cationic surface active agent comprising a quaternary ammonium compound having the formula <FORM:0702929/IV(c)/1> where A is an anion; R1 is an aliphatic radical containing 12-18 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are separately short chain alkyl or alkylol radicals or R2 and R3, together with the nitrogen atom, form a heterocyclic ring; and R4 is a short chain alkyl or lower aralkyl radical.  "Short chain alkyl radicals" and "lower aralkyl radicals" are defined as meaning, respectively, those containing not more than 6 carbon atoms and those containing not more than 9 carbon atoms.  Specified lubricants are partial esters of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, erythritol, diethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, diglycerol, triethylene glycol, hexitols, hexitans and hexides with lauric, oleic, palmitic, stearic, carnaubic, montanic and melissic acids, or mixtures thereof; sorbide and mannide diesters of saturated fatty acids containing 12-30 carbon atoms; tetrapenta- and hexa-esters or a polyoxyethylene ether of sorbitol containing an average of 6 oxyethylene groups per molecule with fatty acids containing 12-30 carbon atoms; the tetra- and penta-esters of the corresponding polyoxyethylene ether of glucose and the esters of the corresponding polyoxypropylene ether of sorbitol or of glucose; the polyoxyethylene ethers of hexitan mono-, di-and triesters of fatty acids of 12-30 carbon atoms, e.g. polyoxyethylene ethers of sorbitan tristearate containing an average of 16 oxyethylene groups per molecule, and the polyoxypropylene ethers of hexitan fatty acid partial esters. Specified radicals of the quaternary compound are as follows: R1 may be lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, oleyl and stearyl; R2 and R3 may be methyl, ethyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl and, together with the nitrogen atom, morpholinium and piperidinium; R4 may be methyl, ethyl, benzyl and phenethyl; A may be halide, nitrate, sulphate, alkylsulphate, cyanide, phosphate, acetate, benzoate, citrate and tartrate. Specified quaternary compounds are N-cetyl-N-methyl-morpholinium methosulphate; N-cetyl-N-ethyl-morpholinium ethosulphate; N-myristyl-N-benzyl-piperidinium methosulphate; lauryl-diethyl-hydroxyethyl-ammonium ethosulphate; oleyl-di (hydroxyethyl)-benzyl-ammonium chloride; and stearyl - di(hydroxyethyl)-benzyl-ammonium chloride.  The compositions may be applied as aqueous emulsions or in non-aqueous form. Additional ingredients, e.g. petroleum oil, paraffin wax, lanolin, cottonseed oil, castor oil, soya oil and palm oil may be included. In one Example, of which several are given, an additional ingredient is sodium sorbitol borate.  The process is applicable to fibres, staple fibres, felts, threads, cords, yarns, filaments and fabrics of animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic origin, e.g. silk, wool, glass, rayon, cotton, linen, nylon and asbestos.ALSO:A textile lubricating composition comprises (1) a scourable textile lubricant which is an oily or waxy ester of a polyhydroxylic compound containing 2-6 carbon atoms with a fatty acid containing 12-30 carbon atoms, or a polyoxyalkylene ether thereof, and (2) a cationic surface active agent comprising a quaternary ammonium compound having the formula <FORM:0702929/III/1> where A is an anion; R1 is an aliphatic radical containing 12-18 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are separately short chain alkyl or alkylol radicals or R2 and R3, together with the nitrogen atom form a heterocyclic ring; and R4 is a short chain alkyl or lower aralkyl radical.  "Short chain alkyl radicals" and "lower aralkyl radicals." are defined as meaning, respectively, those containing not more than 6 C atoms and those containing not more than 9 C atoms.  Specified lubricants are partial esters of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, erythritol, diethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, diglycerol, triethylene glycol, hexitols, hexitans and hexides with lauric, oleic, palmitic, stearic, carnaubic, montanic and melissic acids or mixtures thereof; sorbide and mannide diesters of saturated fatty acids containing 12-30 carbon atoms; tetra-, penta and hexa-esters of a polyoxyethylene ether of sorbitol containing an average of 6 oxyethylene groups per molecule with fatty acids containing 12-30 carbon atoms, the tetra- and pentaesters of the corresponding polyoxyethylene ether of glucose and the esters of the corresponding polyoxypropylene ether of sorbitol or of glucose; the polyoxyethylene ethers of hexitan mono-, di-and triesters of fatty acids of 12-30 carbon atoms, e.g. polyoxyethylene ethers of sorbitan tristearate containing an average of 16 oxyethylene groups per molecule, and the polyoxypropylene ethers of hexitan fatty acid partial esters. Specified radicals of the quaternary compound are as follows:-R1 may be lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, oleyl and stearyl; R2 and R3 may be methyl, ethyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl and, together with the nitrogen atom, morpholinium and piperidinium; R4 may be methyl, ethyl, benzyl and phenethyl; A may be halide, nitrate, sulphate, alkylsulphate, cyanide, phosphate, acetate, benzoate, citrate and tartrate.  Specified quaternary compounds are N-cetyl-N-methyl-morpholinium methosulphate, N-cetyl-N-ethyl-morpholinium ethosulphate; N-myristyl-N-benzyl-piperidinium methosulphate; lauryl - diethyl - hydroxyethyl ammonium ethosulphate; oleyl-di(hydroxyethyl)-benzyl ammonium chloride; and stearyl-di (hydroxyethyl)-benzyl ammonium chloride.  The compositions may be applied as aqueous emulsions or in non-aqueous form.  Additional ingredients, e.g. petroleum oil, paraffin wax, lanolin, cottonseed oil, castor oil, soya oil and palm oil may be included. In one Example, of which several are given, an additional ingredient is sodium sorbitol borate.  The composition is applicable to fibres, staple fibres, felts, threads, cords, yarns filaments and fabrics of animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic origin, e.g. silk, wool, glass, rayon, cotton, linen, nylon and asbestos.