Patent GB-380042-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the preparation or treatment of textile materials
IPC: D06M13/224
Filed: 1931-03-30
Abstract: Textiles, treating with liquids; cellulose carboxylates and ethers; cellulose esters or ethers, dyeing; printing; dye preparations.--Di- or poly-hydric alcohol esters in which only part of the alcoholic hydroxy groups is esterified by higher fatty acids are employed as lubricants, softeners or finishing preparations for filaments, threads, yarns and other textile materials (a) by applying them to or incorporating them in textile materials made of or containing cellulose esters or ethers, or (b) as applied to textile materials in general, by applying them in substance or solution.  The use of the esters of di- or poly-hydric alcohols containing amino groups is excluded. Specified esters are glycerol monooleate, glycerol dioleate, ethyleneglycol monooleate, diethyleneglycol mono-oleate and the corresponding esters of other saturated or unsaturated fatty acids containing more than five carbon atoms, e.g. of stearic, palmitic or ricinoleic acid.  In the application to cellulose ester or ether textiles the esters may be used in conjunction with other lubricants, softeners, &c., such as glycol, diethyleneglycol, glycerol, fatty acids, soaps, e.g. potassium, sodium or triethanolamine soaps, or fats or oils, e.g. olive oil, castor oil, cocoanut oil, neats-foot oil and, in general, the triglycerides of oleic, palmitic, stearic or other fatty acids. The addition of lecithin to the compositions containing oils is advantageous.  The esters or the compositions containing them may be applied to fabrics by padding, to hanks of yarn by immersion methods, or to travelling yarns by wicks, rollers &c.  They may also be applied to cellulose ester filaments continuously with their production by means of a wick or roller mounted on or near the spinning cell, or they may be incorporated in the precipitating or further treatment bath in making wet-spun artificial filaments or in the spinning solution for making dry-spun artificial filaments, bristles, straws or ribbons. Acetone or mixtures thereof with water and/or ethyl or methyl alcohol, chloroform, or mixtures thereof with ethyl or methyl alcohol, and mixtures of ethylene dichloride or dichlorethylene with these alcohols are specified as solvents for such spinning solutions for making cellulose ester or ether filaments. Filaments so obtained may be delustred by treatment in aqueous baths, e.g. dyebaths, at 75 DEG C. or over.  The esters may be applied to the textile materials in conjunction with dyestuffs to produce a permanent or a fugitive colouration.  Thus acid dyes such as the sodium salt of sulphonated indigotine may be applied in admixture with the esters for lubricating cellulose acetate and simultaneously colouring it for identification purposes.  The following examples are specified.  (1) A composition containing equal parts of diethylene glycol and glycerol monooleate saturated with moisture in relation to the atmosphere is applied by wicks or rollers to a travelling cellulose acetate yarn; the product containing 10 per cent of the composition shows increased pliability and general suitability for manipulation and fabrics therefrom wet out rapidly; the use of glycerol monooleate alone gives a similar product.  (2) The composition of (1) is used with an addition of 2 per cent of a soap such as potassium, sodium or triethanolamine oleate.  (3) A solution containing cellulose acetate and glycerol monooleate in aqueous acetone is dry spun and the filaments are twisted to form yarn; the product is similar to that of (1) and may be delustred by scouring or dyeing in aqueous baths at above 75 DEG  C.  Specifications 313,450, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], and 313,885, [Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], are referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also the use of the di- or polyhydric alcohol esters in printing pastes and the use of mixtures of lecithin and oils without the above esters.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Lubricants for fibres comprise di- or poly-hydric alcohol esters in which only part of the alcoholic hydroxy groups is esterified by higher fatty acids.  The esters of di- or poly-hydric alcohols containing amino groups are excluded. Specified esters are glycerol mono-oleate, glycerol dioleate, ethyleneglycol mono-oleate, diethyleneglycol mono-oleate, and the corresponding esters of other saturated or unsaturated fatty acids containing more than five carbon atoms, e.g. of stearic, palmitic or ricinoleic acid.  The esters may be used in conjunction with other lubricants, softeners, &c. such as glycol, diethyleneglycol, glycerol, fatty acids, soaps, e.g. potassium, sodium or triethanolamine soaps, or fats or oils, e.g. olive oil, castor oil, coco nut oil, neatsfoot oil, and, in general, the triglycerides of oleic, palmitic, stearic or other fatty acids. The addition of lecithin to the compositions containing oils is advantageous.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also the use of mixtures of lecithin and oils without the above esters.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Finishes for textiles comprise di- or polyhydric alcohol esters in which only part of the alcoholic hydroxy groups is esterified by higher fatty acids.  The esters of di- or polyhydric alcohols containing amino groups are excluded.  Specified esters are glycerol mono-oleate, glycerol dioleate, ethylene glycol mono-oleate, diethylene glycol mono-oleate, and the corresponding esters of other saturated or unsaturated fatty acids containing more than five carbon atoms, e.g. of stearic, palmitic or ricinoleic acid. The esters may be used in conjunction with other substances such as glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerol, fatty acids, soaps, e.g. potassium, sodium or triethanolamine soaps, or fats or oils, e.g. olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, neatsfoot oil, and, in general, the triglycerides of oleic, palmitic, stearic or other fatty acids. The addition of lecithin to the compositions containing oils is advantageous.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also the use of mixtures of lecithin and oils without the above esters.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.