Patent GB-353926-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of dispersions
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1930-01-31
Abstract: Viscous or solid polymerization products of alkylene oxides, p particularly ethylene oxide, are employed with or without other dispersing agents, in the production of dispersions, in liquid media in which they are normally insoluble, of waxes, tars, asphalts, oils, fats, alcohols, ketones, amines, esters, acids, cellulose derivatives, natural and artificial resins, pigments, dyestuffs, &c. The pigments and dyestuffs may be made into lakes, dyestuff pastes, printing pastes for wallpapers, and coloured writing chalk.  The dispersions prepared may also be employed as, or in making, sizes, dressings, for example for leather, impregnating compositions, pest-destroying compositions, paints, polishes, and salves and ointments.  The polymerization products may also be used as assistants in the production of developer dyestuffs and vat and sulphur dyestuffs from their constituents or their vats respectively. The polymerization products employed function as wetting as well as dispersing agents, particularly in pigment and like preparations. Additional dispersing agents employable comprise soaps, glue, vegetable colloids, Turkey red oil and like sulphuric esters, and aliphatic, aromatic and hydroaromatic sulphonic acids and salts thereof.  The proportion of polymerized compounds employed may vary between 0,5-200 per cent of the dispersed substances according to the physical properties desired in the final products.  Examples of the invention are as follows: (1) A polymerization product having a softening point about 50 DEG  C., is prepared by treating ethylene oxide with 1 per cent of sodium oxide at -10 DEG  C. or with 0,1 per cent of caustic soda at 50-60 DEG  C.; (2) Equal parts of the above product and of bleached montan wax, stearic acid, montanic acid, tallow or wool fat are fused together and heated with ten times the amount of water; the product, which may be further diluted, is employed as a polish.  (3) Equal parts of the product of (1) and gum mastic or colophony are fused together and warmed with five times the amount of water to form a size for paper.  (4) A lacquer, containing pyroxylin, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, tri-normal-butyl phosphate and butanol, is ground in a ball mill, with 15 per cent of the product of (1) and 35 per cent of water, to form a coating composition.  (5) Softening agents for the product of (4) may be prepared by dissolving one part of the product of (1) in 10 parts of castor oil or 5 parts of tricresyl phosphate and adding water.  (6) A lacquer, containing 20 parts of collodion cotton, 7,5 parts of benzyl butyl phthalate, 2,5 parts of an alkali polymerization product of methyl cyclohexanone, 2,5 parts of Lithol fast scarlet and 68,5 parts of ethylene glycol mono butyl ether, is mixed with 10 parts of dimethyl cellulose and 10 parts of a propylene oxide polymerization product prepared by treating the oxide with sodium oxide at 0 DEG C.; the mixture is stirred into 200 parts of water to form a coating composition.  (7) Bleached montan wax is melted with half its weight of a polymerization product of melting point 52 DEG  C. and prepared as in example (1) of Specification 346,550, [Group IV]; the melt is cooled to 60 DEG  C. and 10 times its weight of ethyl alcohol stirred in ; the product on cooling forms a paste employable in dressing leather.  (8) 5 parts of a polymerization product prepared as in (7) and of melting point 54 DEG  C. are fused with 4 parts of ozokerite, 6 parts of bleached montan wax, and 1 part each of Nigrosine Base, stearine, and crude montan wax and 35 parts of water stirred in to form a paste employable as a boot polish.  (9) A floor polish comprises 5 parts of the polymerization product of (8), 5 parts each of montan and carnauba wax, 2 parts of castor oil and 50 parts of water.  (10) 60 parts of a polymerization product, prepared by precipitating, with ethyl ether, a solution of the product of example 1 of Specification 346,550 in benzene, is fused with 60 parts of purified wool grease and a solution of 20 parts of boric acid in 60 parts of glycerol and 20 parts of water added; the product may be used as a salve or ointment base.  (11) 100 parts of green earth are pasted with 50-100 parts of water and 10 parts of a 10 per cent solution of the polymerization product of (8), and 250 parts of a 1 per cent aqueous solution of a basic dyestuff e.g. New Fuschine, added; a colour lake employable in cheap paints such as lime distempers is produced.  (12) 10 parts of aluminium sulphate, 5 parts of calcined soda and 12,5 parts of barium chloride, all in 10 per cent solution are mixed with 20 parts of heavy spar and 5 parts of Hansa green G; 5 parts of the polymerization product of (1) in 10 per cent solution are then added and the whole precipitated with 6 parts of barium chloride and 0,5 parts of aluminium sulphate in 10 per cent solution; a colour lake is obtained employable for wallpaper paints. (13) 18 parts of a 20 per cent aqueous paste of Alizarine Red is mixed with 14,4 parts of a 10 per cent solution of a polymerization product prepared as in (1) and 3,9 parts of Turkey red oil; the mixture is added to a base prepared by mixing solutions of aluminium sulphate, calcined soda and disodium phosphate, boiled with water and heavy spar, and calcined soda and aluminium sulphate added; the product is a colour lake applicable for paints for wallpapers.  (14) Paranitraniline is diazotized and coupled with b -naphthol in a solution containing a small proportion of a polymerization product of melting point 57 DEG  C. and prepared as in example 1 of Specification 346,550, with or without one of the dispersing agents referred to above; heavy spar may be added; the product may be employed as a pigment for paints.  (15) To 2,5 parts of Autol Red R.L.P. pasted with heavy spar and aluminium hydrate 0,25-1,25 parts of the polymerization product of (8) in concentrated solution are added to produce a pigment suitable in printing wallpapers.  (16) To a heavy spar base prepared by precipitation the following are added in succession in aqueous solution; the tungsto-molybdic compound of Brilliant Wool Blue FFR extra, the polymerization product of (7), barium chloride and a small proportion of aluminium sulphate; a colour lake is obtained.  (17) To an aqueous paste of heavy spar and aluminium hydrate the following solutions are added in succession; lead acetate, the polymerization product of (8), and sodium bichromate; the precipitate may be employed as colouring material for oil or glue paints.  (18) 1-5 parts of the polymerization product of (7) are added to 100 parts of pulverized Lithol Rubin B either before pasting with 50-100 parts of water or dissolved in the water; organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol may wholly or partly replace the water; the product is a pigment paste employable in paints or writing chalk; the polymerization product is stated to have wetting properties which facilitate further working up.  (19) A dye is made into an aqueous paste with heavy spar and 0,2-5 parts of the polymerization product of (14), with or without a small porportion of mineral oil or petroleum jelly; the polymerization product is stated greatly to facilitate the wetting of the mixtures.  (20) Aluminium powder, with or without a dyestuff base is mixed with 5-10 per cent of a product of melting point 48 DEG  C. and prepared as in (1); the products are pasted with water, the polymerization product facilitating the wetting thereof.ALSO:Viscous or solid polymerization products of alkylene oxides, particularly of ethylene oxide, are employed, with or without other dispersing agents, in the production of dispersions of pigments, dyestuffs, &c., which may be made into lakes, dyestuff pastes, printing pastes for wall-papers, &c.  The polymerization products may also be used as assistants in the production of developer dyestuffs and vat or sulphur dyestuffs from their constituents or their vats respectively.  The polymerization products function as wetting as well as dispersing agents. Additional dispersing agents employable comprise soaps, glue, vegetable colloids, Turkey red oil and like sulphuric esters, and aliphatic, aromatic and hydroaromatic sulphonic acids and salts thereof. Examples: (1) A polymerization product is prepared by treating ethylene oxide with 1 per cent of sodium oxide at 10 DEG  C. or with 0,1 per cent of caustic soda at 50-60 DEG  C.; (2) green earth is pasted with water and a solution of a polymerization product prepared as in example 1 of Specification 346,550; an aqueous solution of a basic dyestuff, e.g. New fuchsine, is then added; a colour lake employable in cheap paints such as lime distempers is produced; (3) aluminium sulphate, calcined soda and barium chloride are mixed with heavy spar and Hansa green G; the polymerization product of (1) is then added and the whole precipitated with barium chloride and aluminium sulphate; a colour lake is obtained employable for wall-paper paints; (4) an aqueous paste of Alizarine red is mixed with a polymerization product prepared as in (1) and Turkey red oil; the mixture is added to a base prepared by mixing solutions of aluminium sulphate, calcined soda and disodium phosphate, boiled with water and heavy spar, and calcined soda and aluminium sulphate added; the product is a colour lake applicable for paints for wall-papers; (5) p-nitraniline is diazotized and coupled with b -naphthol in a solution containing a small proportion of a polymerization product prepared as in Example 1 of Specification 346,550, with or without one of the dispersing agents referred to above; heavy spar may be added; the product may be employed as a pigment for paints; (6) to Autol red RLP pasted with heavy spar and aluminium hydrate is added the polymerization product of (2) in concentrated solution to produce a pigment suitable in printing wall papers; (7) to a heavy spar b