Patent GB-933058-A (GB)
Title: Method of controlling cohesiveness of catalyst particles and oxidation process using such catalyst
IPC: B01J23/22
Filed: 1960-08-05
Abstract: For controlling the tendency to cohere of the small particles of a fluidized bed of an oxidation catalyst containing a catalytic mixture of vanadium oxide and an alkali metal sulphate impregnated into the pores of a porous inorganic carrier, during the time when the catalyst is in contact with the vapours of an organic compound being oxidized and with an oxidizing gas at a temperature above 300 DEG C., a powdered absorbent solid is incorporated into the catalyst in a quantity sufficient to take up excess molten catalytic mixture exuded from the porous carrier and thereby to maintain the surfaces of the particles of the fluidized bed in a substantially dry condition.  The oxidation catalyst may contain 35-70% of silica gel impregnated with a catalytic mixture of 20-50% of potassium pyrosulphate and 5-15% of vanadium oxides, and a powdered absorbent solid may be incorporated into the catalyst bed to the extent of 1-10% of the weight of the catalyst.  The absorbent solid may be hydrous oxide gels of silica, alumina, titania, chromia, iron and other gel-forming metals, silica-alumina gel mixtures; diatomaceous earths, montmorillonites, and potassium aluminate silicates.  The powdered absorbent catalyst may be mixed with the vanadium catalyst before the latter is blown into the reaction chamber or it may be injected into the air stream passing upwardly through the catalyst bed.  Examples describe the production of phthalic anhydride by the vapour phase oxidation of naphthalene with air, the reacting gases being passed through a fluidized bed of vanadium oxide-potassium pyrosulphate mixture impregnated on a silica base, powdered silica gel being introduced into the reaction chamber to mix with the catalyst.  Specification 754,665 and U.S.A. Specification 2,698,330 are referred to.ALSO:For controlling the tendency to cohere of the small particles of a fluidized bed of an oxidation catalyst containing a mixture of vanadium oxide and an alkali metal sulphate impregnated into the pores of a porous inorganic carrier during the time when the catalyst is in contact with the vapours of an organic compound being oxidised and with an oxidising gas at a temperature above 300 DEG C., a powdered absorbent solid is incorporated into the catalyst in a quantity sufficient to take up excess molten catalytic mixture exuded from the porous carrier and thereby to maintain the surfaces of the particles of the fluidized bed in a substantially dry condition.  The process may be used in the production of phthalic anhydride from naphthalene by vapour phase oxidation with air; naphthoquinone is mentioned as a byproduct. The catalyst may contain 35-70% of a silica gel impregnated with a catalytic mixture of 20-50% potassium pyrosulphate and 5-15% of vanadium oxides.  The powdered absorbent solid which may be incorporated into the catalyst before the latter is blown into the reaction chamber or which may be injected into the reaction chamber, may be powdered silica gel, alumina, chromia, diatomaceous earth, or similar substance and it may be incorporated to the extent of 1-10% of the weight of the catalyst. Reference is made to the use of the process in the oxidation of other organic substances including anthracene, toluene, acenaphthene, and methanol. Specification 754,665 and U.S.A. Specification 2,698,330 are referred to.