Patent GB-432310-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of polymerization products from unsaturated hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C2/20
Filed: 1934-05-10
Abstract: High molecular weight polymerization products ranging from viscous oils to plastic solids are obtained from fractions boiling below 120 DEG  F. of hydrocarbon oils produced by cracking, destructive distillation or destructive hydrogenation of carbonaceous materials, by subjecting the fractions to polymerization in the presence of an active halide polymerizing-agent at a temperature below 100 DEG  F., and then separating the polymerization product from the reaction mixture. The starting material is preferably a fraction of a cracked petroleum oil, conveniently one that contains isobutylene and that boils between 70 DEG  F. and -40 DEG  F., preferably between 15 DEG F. and -5 DEG  F.; and it is usually treated in the liquid phase, preferably with vigorous agitation.  The polymerizing-agents may be a volatile halide such as boron fluoride and antinomy trifluoride; it may be prepared in the course of the reaction as by treating aluminium foil with hydrogen chloride; and the halide may be employed in the form of a double compound or in solution in an inert solvent. The polymerization is preferably carried out at a temperature below 32 DEG  F., for example, at -80 DEG  F.  The polymerization products are particularly adapted for improving lubricating-oils; they may be used as an addition to motor fuels, to medicinal and white oils, to paraffin wax, &c., and in coating and impregnating compositions.  The relatively low molecular weight products may be cracked, and the cracked products re-polymerized.ALSO:High molecular-weight polymerization products ranging from viscous oils to plastic solids and particularly adapted for improving the viscosity-temperature characteristics of lubricating-oils, are obtained from fractions boiling below 120 DEG  F. of hydrocarbon oils produced by cracking, destructive distillation or destructive hydrogenation of carbonaceous materials, by subjecting the fractions to polymerization in the presence of an active halide polymerizing - agent at a temperature below 100 DEG  F., and then separating the polymerization product from the reaction mixture.  The fraction treated is preferably a fraction of a cracked petroleum oil, conveniently one that contains isobutylene and that boils between 70 DEG  F., and -40 DEG  F., preferably between 15 DEG  F. and -5 DEG  F.; and it is usually treated in the liquid phase.  The active halide polymerizing-agent may be a volatile halide particularly boron fluoride and antimony trifluoride; it may be prepared in the course of the reaction as by treating aluminium foil with hydrogen chloride; and the halide may be employed in the form of a double compound, or in solution in an inert solvent.  The polymerization is preferably carried out at a temperature below 32 DEG  F., for example, at -80 DEG  F.; and it is advantageously conducted with vigorous agitation of the reaction mixture.  As previously mentioned, the polymerization products are particularly adapted for improving lubricating oils, an addition of \ba1/2\be--5 per cent being sufficient, they may also be used as an addition to motor fuels, to medicinal and white oils, to paraffin wax &c., and in coating and impregnating compositions.  The relatively low molecular weight products may be cracked, and the cracked products re-polymerized.  Specifications 141,753, [Class 91], 340,001, [Group IV], 358,068; and 401,297, [Group IV], are referred to.