baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2007509378-A (JP)
IPC: G02F1/1677
Filed: 2004-10-13
Abstract: The present invention provides a novel design for color electrophoretic displays. In the display, each pixel (200) comprises at least two sub-pixels (210, 220, 230), and each sub pixel is fitted with a color filter (211, 221, 231) and contains an electrophoretic media comprising two particle types (201, 202, 203). The color filters (211, 221, 231) in the sub-pixels of each pixel have essentially non-overlapping absorption bands, and together cover essentially all of the wavelengths over which the display is operative. Furthermore, the absorption bands of the particles in each sub-pixel (210, 220, 230) each cover a portion of the wavelengths that is not covered by the filter (211, 221, 231) in the respective sub-pixel. The wavelength bands typically correspond to different colors. Thereby each wavelength band, or color, can be emitted by more than one sub-pixel in each pixel, resulting in increased brightness. According to one particular embodiment, each pixel comprises three sub-pixels having a cyan, magenta, and yellow absorbing filter, respectively.
Patent JP-2007537769-A (JP)
Title: 人体導管内に少なくとも部分的に挿入するための器具、特にスルース又はカテーテル
IPC: A61M25/01
Filed: 2004-10-22
Abstract: 本発明は、少なくとも部分的に人体導管内に挿入する為の器具（１）、特にスルース又はカテーテルに関しており、この器具は、縦長の外側の包被体（１０）とこの包被体（１０）によって少なくとも断片的に周囲を囲まれている縦長の内部体（１１）と一つの調整装置（１２）とを有し、この調整装置を手段として包被体（１０）と内部体（１１）間の相対的な動きを許容するか少なくとも難しくするか目的にあわせて制御することが可能である。本発明によれば、制御調整装置（１２）は包被体（１０）と内部体（１１）の配置と構成によってそれ自身を形成し、包被体と内部体（１０、１１）間の円形状空隙（１３）中にはいかなる補助的な機械的手段を持っていない。好ましくは制御調整装置は包被体と内部体（１０、１１）間の摩擦に有効に作用するように形成されている。 【選択図】          図４
Patent JP-2007510643-A (JP)
Title: 医薬化合物
IPC: A61K49/00
Filed: 2004-11-05
Abstract: 本発明は、式（Ｉ）Ｚ−（Ｌ） n −Ｖの医薬品を含み、式中、Ｖはペプチドを表し、Ｌは任意要素としてのリンカーを表し、Ｚは、イメージング基Ｍを適宜有していてもよい基を表し、ｎは０又は１を表す。この医薬品は、心不全、心不整脈及び線維症が顕著な疾患、例えばＣＯＰＤ、肝線維症及びアテローム性動脈硬化症の治療用の治療薬として活性を有し、心不全及び線維症が顕著な疾患、例えばＣＯＰＤ、肝線維症及びアテローム性動脈硬化症の診断用の診断薬としても有用である。 【選択図】  なし
Patent JP-2007509785-A (JP)
Title: 積層ガラス用途において埋込または貼付られたｉｒ反射性もしくは吸収性フィルムとともに使用するための中間層としてのアイオノマー樹脂
IPC: B32B27/36
Filed: 2004-10-28
Abstract: 本発明は、赤外（ＩＲ）光の透過を遮断することができるフィルムを含むガラス積層物品である。本発明の積層物は、３層のＩＲ遮断積層フィルムの外層を形成する少なくとも２枚の非可塑化熱可塑性ポリマーシートを含む。
Patent JP-2007516516-A (JP)
Title: 製品データ交換
IPC: G06Q10/00
Filed: 2004-11-04
Abstract: 製品データ交換システムは、複数の協力企業の各自のコンピュータシステム間の技術的製品データのやりとりに利用される。少なくとも協力企業の第１の企業のコンピュータシステムは、各自の技術的製品データを生成するため、ＣＡＤ、ＰＬＭ、ＥＲＰなどの複数の相異なるデータ管理システムを含む。システムはまた、複数のデータ管理システムからユーザ選択可能なプロジェクトに関する技術的製品データをインポートし、インポートされた技術的製品データのユーザ選択可能部分を表す交換パッケージを生成し、他の協力企業の少なくとも１つにあるコンピュータシステムに交換パッケージを提供するための編集システムを有する。
Patent JP-2007513219-A (JP)
Title: ニトリルの三量体化により架橋されたポリマー電解質膜
IPC: C08F8/48
Filed: 2004-10-13
Abstract: ポリマーからのペンダント基に含有されるニトリル基の三量体化によって、燃料電池などの電解槽中でポリマー電解質膜として使用するために一般的には膜形態である架橋ポリマー電解質を製造するための方法が提供される。得られるポリマー電解質膜は、過フッ素化骨格と、スルホン酸基を含む第１のペンダント基と、式Ｉ     に従う三価の基を含む架橋とを含む高フッ素化ポリマーを含む。第１のペンダント基は、一般的に、式−Ｒ 1 −ＳＯ 3 Ｈに従い、式中Ｒ 1 は、１〜１５個の炭素原子および０〜４個の酸素原子を含む分枝または非分枝状のペルフルオロアルキルまたはペルフルオロエーテル基であり、最も一般的には−Ｏ−ＣＦ 2 −ＣＦ 2 −ＣＦ 2 −ＣＦ 2 −ＳＯ 3 Ｈまたは−Ｏ−ＣＦ 2 −ＣＦ（ＣＦ 3 ）−Ｏ−ＣＦ 2 −ＣＦ 2 −ＳＯ 3 Ｈである。
Patent JP-2007516394-A (JP)
Title: 導管内の流体の流れを制御するデバイスおよび方法
IPC: G01N30/36
Filed: 2004-11-10
Abstract: バルブ１１が、軸受け１７Ａ、１７Ｂを支持する第１のハウジング１３を備え、その軸受けが流体伝達通路５７を収容するステータ５１に対して回転可能なロータ１９に取り付けられた回転シャフト１５を支持する。ロータ１９は、一連のベルビルワッシャタイプのばね２５によって押し付けられ、その力は、シャフト１５を支持するスラスト軸受け６５に、スパイダワッシャ７９を押し付けるねじ山付きの荷重ナット８７によって調整可能である。ロータ１９は、キーピン１１７によってシャフト１５に堅牢に連結され、そのピンは制止部１２９と協働して、ロータ１９の回転を制限する。ロータ１９の位置感知は、シャフト１５に固定されたエンコーダディスク１４３、および第２のハウジング１３１に固定されたエンコーダチップ１４５によってもたらされる。
Patent JP-2007515277-A (JP)
IPC: C07D323/06
Filed: 2004-12-21
Abstract: A process for removing trioxane from a mixture I of formaldehyde, trioxane and water, by a) distilling the mixture I in a first distillation stage at a pressure of from 0.1 to 2 bar to obtain a stream II which comprises formaldehyde and a stream III which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde, b) mixing the stream III with a recycle stream VII which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde to obtain a stream IIIa which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde, c) distilling the stream IIIa, if appropriate after removing low boilers from the stream III or IIIa in a further distillation stage, in a second distillation stage at a pressure of from 0.2 to 10 bar, the pressure in the second distillation stage being at least 0.1 bar higher than the pressure in the first distillation stage, to obtain a stream IV of trioxane and a stream V which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde, d) distilling the stream V in a third distillation stage at a pressure of from 0.1 to 4 bar to obtain a stream VI which comprises predominantly water and additionally formaldehyde, and the recycle stream VII which comprises predominantly trioxane and additionally water and formaldehyde, e) if appropriate, distilling the stream VI in a fourth distillation stage to obtain a stream VIII which comprises predominantly water, and a stream IX which comprises predominantly formaldehyde.
Patent JP-2007517805-A (JP)
IPC: A61K8/46
Filed: 2005-01-11
Abstract: Shampoo compositions comprising at least one surfactant; a silicone oil having an internal phase viscosity of less than about 50,000 cst, wherein said silicone oil is present as a preformed microemulsion of particles having an average particle size of less than about 0.15 microns, a cationic deposition polymer; an aqueous carrier and optionally a stabilizing agent provide a substantially clear shampoo composition, which provides superior conditioning to hair and/or skin while also providing excellent storage stability and high optical transparency or translucency.
Patent JP-2007518652-A (JP)
Title: エレベータ装置
IPC: B66B1/46
Filed: 2005-01-25
Abstract: エレベータ行先階登録システムでエレベータを割り当てる方法は、数基のエレベータで構成されるエレベータ群、乗客が使用するエレベータを確保する乗客データ端末、および乗客データ端末からの信号に応じてエレベータを制御するエレベータ群制御システムを含む。本発明の方法は、次の、乗客グループの規模および行先階をエレベータ群の制御システムに入力する工程、グループの規模および行先階を用いて１基または複数基のエレベータを乗客グループに割り当てる工程、および割り当てを乗客グループメンバーに案内する工程を含む。 【選択図】図１
Patent JP-2008172319-A (JP)
Title: Image distribution system
Inventor: INOUE KAZUHIRO
IPC: H04N7/173
Filed: 2007-01-09
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress decreases in speed of distribution of image data even when image data where accesses are expected to concentrate with disclosed timing are distributed to a portable telephone.  <P>SOLUTION: In image conversion servers 50-1 and 50-2 which have a para access server 90 that pretends to be a portable telephone of a model determined on the basis of model information on the portable telephone corresponding to image data stored in a cache server 30 and access undisclosed image data registered to an image database 60, and convert the image data into a form in which they can be displayed to the portable telephone, the image data accessed by the para access server 90 are converted into the form which can be displayed by the portable telephone of the model which the para access server 90 pretends to be and the image data converted by the image conversion servers 50-1 and 50-2 are stored in the cache server 30 every model of the portable telephone as image data for the model of the portable telephone the para access server 90 pretends to be.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008169520-A (JP)
Title: Apparatus for producing nonwoven fabric
Inventor: MORINAGA YUKIHIRO
IPC: D04H3/04
Filed: 2007-01-12
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for efficiently producing a nonwoven fabric on each of six sides of a cubic member at a time.  <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus 1 for producing a nonwoven fabric includes revolving shafts 5 and 6 rotatably pivoted, an inclined shaft 9 arranged slantingly at a required angle relative to the axis of the revolving shafts, and the cubic member 21 that is rotatably provided at the inclined shaft and having six sides. The cubic member is rotated relative to the inclined shaft and is fixed to each position of a first attitude position, a second attitude position and a third attitude position. In the first attitude position, a yarn is wound on a second side, third side, fourth side, and fifth side of the cubic member, in the second attitude position, a yarn is wound on the first side, third side, fourth side, and sixth side, and in the third position, a yarn is wound on the first side, second side, fifth side, and sixth side.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008174079-A (JP)
Title: Electric instrument lighting system for vehicle
Inventor: IMAMURA TOSHIYUKI
IPC: B60R11/02
Filed: 2007-01-18
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent lighting in the twilight and the like from becoming unclear to deteriorate appearance, concerning a specified lighting portion applying a light transparent coating layer on a surface and provided with a light source on the back side of the light transparent layer out of a plurality of the lighting portions provided on electric instrument mounted to a vehicle.  <P>SOLUTION: The plurality of the lighting portions including the specified lighting portion is provided on an audio unit. It is determined whether detection brightness I is within a predetermined brightness range Ia-Ib or not. In the case of affirmative determination, even if the lighting portions except for the specified lighting portion are lit up, the light-up of the specified lighting portion is prohibited.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008174276-A (JP)
Title: Lid opening implement for pull-top container
Inventor: KONO YOSHIMITSU
IPC: B67B7/86
Filed: 2007-01-19
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lid opening implement for a pull-top container by which a lid can be safely opened regardless of the shape of the container even by a person who can not enough use a finger.  <P>SOLUTION: The lid opening implement is formed of a metal plate material 1, and is equipped with a folded-back part 2 for lifting up a pull-tab 7 on one end side of the metal plate material 1, and a hooking part 3 for being hooked between two fingers each other on the other end side. The hooking part 3 is wider than the other part and is provided with a permanent magnet 30 on the side face reverse to the folding-back direction of the folded-back part 2. A decorative part 31 is provided on the side face reverse to the permanent magnet 30 on the hooking part 3.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008173730-A (JP)
Title: Very trace amount lubricant supply type cutting and grinding processing method
Inventor: HATA MASAHIRO
IPC: B23Q11/00
Filed: 2007-01-19
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cutting and grinding a member to be processed by an ultratrace amount lubricant supply system which secures a sufficient chip cleaning property without using a conventional type raised pH water-soluble lubricant for cleaning cutting chips in order to eliminate chips, and prevents rust and discoloration of the member to be processed, lubrication failure of a sliding part of a machine tool, and harmful effect or the like on an environment.  <P>SOLUTION: Problems are solved by a method which uses a lubricant composition containing an ester as a base oil and a surface active agent for the ultratrace amount lubricant supply type cutting and grinding, and uses a water dilute solution of the lubricant composition as a lubricant for eliminating chips.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008176113-A (JP)
Title: Focus detecting device and camera
Inventor: TAKAHASHI SHIGEO
IPC: H04N101/00
Filed: 2007-01-19
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a focus detecting device capable of reducing an influence of image blur on arithmetic calculation of a focused lens position.  <P>SOLUTION: The focus detecting device includes: an imaging device 2 for picking up a subject image; a filter circuit 9, an integration circuit 10 and an AF circuit 11 for calculating a focus evaluated value for each of a plurality of focus lens positions of a photographing optical system 1 by extracting a frequency component in a prescribed frequency range from the imaging data of the imaging device 2; an image blur amount detection part 17 for detecting an image blur amount on an imaging surface of the subject image when acquiring the imaging data; and the AF circuit 11 for correcting the focus evaluated value on the basis of the image blur amount. The AF circuit 11 calculates the focused lens position of the photographing optical system on the basis of a plurality of corrected focus evaluated values.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008177938-A (JP)
Title: Wireless access system and method of determining transmitting antenna in wireless access system
Inventor: MIKAMI MANABU
IPC: H04B7/06
Filed: 2007-01-19
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of determining an antenna for transmission to a base station among transmitting antennas of a plurality of mobile stations in a multiuser MIMO system, by which rapid increase of a load necessary for the determination is eliminated even if the number of mobile stations is increased.  <P>SOLUTION: The method comprises: estimating channel response vectors reaching the respective antennas of a base station from individual antennas of mobile stations that desire transmission of user data; therefrom setting an antenna of a mobile station having a channel response vector whose norm is the greatest as a first transmitting antenna; and as to a second and the following transmitting antennas, setting an antenna of a mobile station having a channel response vector whose components all orthogonal to each channel response vector for the already-selected transmitting antennas are the greatest as a transmitting antenna, so that selection of the antenna is successively performed until the total number of transmitting antennas reaches a predetermined number that is equal to or less than the number of receiving antennas (the number of antennas of the base station).  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008173610-A (JP)
Title: Waste liquid treating method and waste liquid treatment system
Inventor: YOSHIMURA MOTOHIDE
IPC: B01D21/01
Filed: 2007-01-22
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste liquid treating method and a waste liquid treatment system with simplified drain treatment after treating water-soluble cutting oil.  <P>SOLUTION: The waste liquid treatment system treating waste liquid consisting of water-soluble cutting oil 11 is provided with a pH controlling tank 13 turning pH of the water-soluble cutting oil 11, the waste liquid, to the alkaline side by adding an alkali agent 12, a coagulation tank 15 for adding a coagulant 14 after pH controlling for blending, a coagulation tank 17 coagulating by adding a polymer coagulant 16, and a dewatering machine 18 dewatering aggregate to form dewatered cake 19.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008180903-A (JP)
Title: Font sample output unit and font sample output program
Inventor: IGARASHI TATSUYA
IPC: G09G5/22
Filed: 2007-01-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a font sample output unit from which the font sample is output by downloaded character data and a font sample output program.  <P>SOLUTION: The character data downloaded through a communication section 1 is stored in a memory section 2 and the presence or absence of the downloaded character data is managed by management information likewise stored in the memory section 2. An output section 3 selects a prescribed number of the character downloaded with the character data and stored in the memory section 2 in order of character codes by referencing the management information and creates and outputs the font sample.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008184388-A (JP)
Title: Method for producing tetra-substituted pyrrolidines
Inventor: MUTO MAKOTO
IPC: C07D209/54
Filed: 2007-01-26
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing tetra-substituted pyrrolidine compounds in a short process.  <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the tetra-substituted pyrrolidines represented by formula (3) is carried out as follows: a compound represented by formula (1) (wherein, R<SP>1</SP>represents a 1-6C alkyl group which may have a substituent, a 7-10C aralkyl group which may have a substituent or a 6-10C aryl group which may have a substituent; R<SP>2</SP>represents a carboxy group, a carboxy ester group or a nitrile group; and n represents an integer of 2-5) is subjected to an addition reaction with a compound represented by formula (2) (wherein, R<SP>3</SP>represents an alkyl group which may have a substituent or an aralkyl group which may have a substituent; and R<SP>4</SP>represents a 1-6C alkoxy group which may have a substituent, a hydrogen atom or a nitrile group) to form the compounds represented by formula (3) [wherein, R<SP>1</SP>, R<SP>3</SP>and n are each the same as in formulas (1) and (2)]. Furthermore, the substituents are converted.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008185723-A (JP)
Title: Optical scanner
Inventor: YOKOI JUNICHI
IPC: B41J2/44
Filed: 2007-01-29
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical scanner which is easily mounted on the frame of a MEMS mirror.  <P>SOLUTION: The optical scanner 1 is provided with: a light source unit 10 which emits light; a frame 40 which supports the light source unit 10; an oscillation mirror which changes the reflection direction of the light emitted from the light source unit 10 and performs scanning by rotary oscillation; a mirror package 22 which holds the oscillation mirror; a long beam-like member 50 which extends in the direction perpendicular to the rotary oscillation axis of the oscillation mirror and is formed longer than the mirror package 22; a first fixing member 60 which fixes the mirror package 22 to the beam-shaped member 50; and a second fixing member 70 which fixes the beam-like member 50 to the frame 40.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008184974-A (JP)
Title: Seal device for fluid machine and steam turbine
Inventor: HIRANO TOSHIO
IPC: F16J15/447
Filed: 2007-01-30
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seal device for a fluid machine that prevents self-excited vibration caused by a labyrinth seal without deteriorating a fluid sealing effect that is essentially aimed at by the labyrinth seal.  <P>SOLUTION: The seal device for a fluid machine includes the labyrinth seal 35 provided on a diaphragm outer ring 24 facing a tip portion of a turbine rotor blade 21, and a guide vane 27 provided on an outer cover block 28 fitted to the diaphragm outer ring 24. The guide vane 27 faces an inlet side of the labyrinth seal 35 and serves as a straightening part for straightening a swirling flow component of steam deviating from mainstream steam.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007314758-A (JP)
Title: Curable resin composition and optical member
Inventor: TANAKA SACHIKO
IPC: C08F290/12
Filed: 2007-01-31
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a curable resin composition which can form cured products having sufficiently high optical transparency, excellent heat resistance, excellent heat resistance, and sufficiently low elastic modulus, and has a sufficiently small cured contraction coefficient.  <P>SOLUTION: This curable resin composition comprises (A) a (meth)acrylic copolymer having (meth)acryloyl groups and siloxane structures in the ester portions, (B) a siloxane structure-containing (meth)acrylate, (C) a non-silicone-based (meth)acrylate, and (D) a radical polymerization initiator.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008192393-A (JP)
Title: Fuel cell, fuel cell power generating system, and its operation method
Inventor: MAEKAWA TAKESHI
IPC: H01M8/04
Filed: 2007-02-02
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the heat removing efficiency of a power conversion circuit to convert the electric output of a fuel cell to a prescribed form.  <P>SOLUTION: In this fuel cell, unit cells each of which is equipped with an electrolyte and a pair of an oxidizer electrode and a fuel electrode disposed with the electrolyte held between them are laminated between a positive electrode current-collecting plate 4 and a negative electrode current-collecting plate 2, a cell laminated part 1 compressed and fastened by fastening plates 3, 5 from the outside of the positive electrode current-collecting plate 4 and the negative electrode current-collecting plate 2, and a heat transmitting plate 7 brought into contact with the positive electrode collecting plate 4 are provided, and the switching elements 81, 91 of the power conversion circuit to convert the electric output of the cell laminated part 1 to the prescribed form are brought into contact with the heat transmitting plate 7.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2008189743-A (JP)
Title: Organic-inorganic hybrid transparent sealing material and method for producing the same
Inventor: KUNIYOSHI MINORU
IPC: C08G77/08
Filed: 2007-02-02
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transparent sealing material cured by the heat of ≤250°C, enabling the viscosity to be regulated, and having excellent ultraviolet transmissivity, low saturated water absorption, high heat resistance, high refractive index and little reduction of weight by heating.  <P>SOLUTION: The organic-inorganic hybrid transparent sealing material is obtained by adding an organometallic compound as a curing agent to a material containing an organic substituent group and a siloxane bond, and curing the resultant product. The viscosity of the main ingredient before the curing can be increased to desired viscosity. The transparent sealing material after the curing has ≥85% transmittance at 350-900 nm wavelength in 1 mm thickness, and <0.3 wt.% saturated water absorption, and is not melted at ≤300°C. The transparent sealing material after the curing also has ≥1.4 refractive index, and exhibits ≥85% transmittance at 350-900 nm wave length in 1 mm thickness after heating at 150°C for ≥24 hr.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007191391-A (JP)
Title: Method for manufacturing zirconia bead
Inventor: NIIMI YOSHIO
IPC: C04B35/48
Filed: 2007-02-02
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a zirconia bead.  <P>SOLUTION: The manufacturing method is characterized as follows. Slurry of a zirconia powder is made to grow up to a predetermined particle size while spraying, drying, and fluidizing at 20-80°C. In this case, the slurry concentration is preferably controlled in 5-30 mass% and in 10-20 mass% still more preferably, thereby a non-fired body of beads of a desired particle size is obtained. Zirconia beads having an average particle diameter of 50-500 μm are obtained by firing this.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Patent JP-2007183658-A (JP)
Title: Electro-optical device and electronic equipment
Inventor: KASAI TOSHIYUKI
IPC: H05B44/00
Filed: 2007-02-06
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a driving circuit for an organic electroluminescent element to allow a reverse-bias to be applied, with neither substantial increase in power consumption nor increase in layout space involved.  <P>SOLUTION: With switches 20-1, 20-2 arranged, the electroluminescent elements are set to be in a reverse-bias state. The pixels are reverse-biased on the basis of a group of predetermined pixels at a time, for example, the pixels are reverse-biased on a pixel-by-pixel basis or on a line-by-line basis, or all pixels are reverse-biased at a time. In this way, reverse bias is capable of being applied without the need for an additional power source, and with neither substantial increase in power consumption nor increase in layout space involved. Thus, it is possible that the service life of the organic electroluminescent element is prolonged.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT