baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-528243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the heating or sterilization of liquids
IPC: A23L3/22
Filed: 1939-02-16
Abstract: 528,243. Sterilizing milk &c. MALLORY, W. E. Feb. 16, 1939, No. 5129. Convention date, Feb. 16, 1938. [Class 49] [Also in Group XIII] For effecting uniform temperature treatment of a liquid passing through a heating or cooling tube the liquid is caused to flow through the tube with a velocity sufficiently greater than the minimum velocity necessary to produce turbulent flow that the laminar film normally formed on the tube wall is substantially eliminated. For a liquid having a viscosity of about 1 it is found that the conditions are satisfied if the velocity of flow in feet per second multiplied by the ratio of the tube interior surface to the tube volume equals not less than the empirical figure 150. The treatment is particularly of use in the sterilization of liquids, such as milk and fruit juices, and for this purpose the liquid is first passed through a heating tube and then through a cooling tube, each time at the requisite velocity. A treatment which changes the physical structure of the liquid, e.g. homogenization, may be used in combination with the temperature treatment. In the milk-sterilizing apparatus shown, the sterilizing tube 19 is a coil in a steam-heated cylindrical insulated tank 20 containing a cylindrical shield 21. The cooling tube 30 is a coil in an annular chamber 32 to which cold water or other coolant is supplied through pipe 35.
Patent GB-1491635-A (GB)
Title: Catalytic epoxidation process
IPC: C07D303/04
Filed: 1976-02-10
Abstract: 1491635 Catalytic epoxidation processes PRODUITS CHIMIQUES UGINE KUHLMANN 10 Feb 1976 [11 Feb 1975] 05134/76 Heading C2C An epoxidation process comprises reacting an olefin of the formula R 1 R 2 C=CR 3 R 4  in which each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4 , which may be the same or different, represents a hydrogen atom, a straight chain alkyl radical containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl radical or cycloalkyl radical containing 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbon radical containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms and containing a benzene ring, or R 1  and R 2  together or R 3  and R 4  together represent a straight or branched alkylene radical with 3 to 11 carbon atoms, the radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4  optionally being unsaturated and/or substituted by functional atoms or groups which are stable in the reaction medium, with hydrogen peroxide at a pH of 6 to 9 in the presence of a catalytic system comprising, as a first constituent, at least one derivative of arsenic, antimony or bismuth, and as a second constituent, at least one derivative of the transition metals of the Groups IVA, VA and VIA of the Periodic Table of Elements according to Mendeleef, the two fundamental constituents of the catalyst belonging to separate molecules or forming part of one and the same molecule, each of the constituents of the catalytic system being present in an amount of 0À01 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the total reaction mixture, the reaction taking place at a temperature of from 0‹ to 100‹C. and at a pressure of between 0 and 100 atmospheres absolute.
Patent GB-405466-A (GB)
IPC: H01J9/04
Filed: 1933-02-20
Abstract: 405,466. Thermionic cathodes. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING CO., East Pittsburg, U.S.A.- (Assignees of Millis, W. T. ; 7720, Tuscarora Street, Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) Feb. 20, 1933, No. 5233. Convention date, March 24, 1932. Drawings to Specification. [Class 39 (i).] The cathode body is coated with borium oxide mixed with compounds of barium or strontium or calcium or mixtures thereof and the coating is dried at a low temperature, mounted in a vacuum-tight container and heated to reduce the azide to free metallic barium. In an example, 25 gms. of barium carbonate and 25 gms. of strontium carbonate are mixed with 10 gms. of barium azide and the mixture is bound by nitro-cellulose dissolved in 75 c.c. of amyl acetate. The percentage of azide in the coating may vary from 0.5 to 85 of the mixture. Calcium carbonate may be added or may replace the strontium carbonate. The coating is dried at room temperature or at 100‹ C. The cathode is then mounted in the tube which is subjected to the usual high vacuum treatment, decomposing the carbonates into oxides and the azide to metallic barium. Curves showing the remission compared with standard cathodes at different wattages are given.
Patent GB-1388811-A (GB)
Title: Production of pressed block fuel elements
IPC: G21C21/02
Filed: 1973-02-02
Abstract: 1388811 Compression moulding nuclear fuel element NUKEM GmbH 2 Feb 1973 [3 Feb 1972] 5249/73 Heading B5A A nuclear fuel element for a gas-cooled high temperature reactor is pressed between upper and lower pressure transmitting elements 6, 7 in a mould 2 containing cores 3, 5, the cores and the mould being arranged for free movement in the pressing direction and not subject to forces in that direction during pressing. The pressure transmitting elements are of insulating material and the cores 3, 5 pass through them. A ram acting on the lower element 6 initially compresses a graphite granulate with external  heating to form a block having cooling passages formed by cores 3 connected to a plate 4, and fuel bores, formed by cores 5. Graphite coated fuel particles are pressed separately into cylinders which are placed in the graphite block and the block is finally pressed at a higher pressure and with heating.
Patent GB-1275876-A (GB)
Title: Swivel flame retention head for a burner
Inventor: WILCE BRIAN JOHN
IPC: F23C5/06
Filed: 1970-02-04
Abstract: 1275876 Spherical bearing surface hinge B J WILCE 19 April 1971 [4 Feb 1970] 5381/70 Heading E2F [Also in Divisions F3 and F4] A swivel flame retention head for a burner 4 (Division F3-4) comprises a movable refractory block or quarl 5 secured to a back plate 9 which has a part-spherical outer surface at rim 10, slidable within a complementary part-spherical surface of a plate 11 which is secured to the furnace casing.
Patent GB-548883-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to plansifters
IPC: B07B1/38
Filed: 1941-04-25
Abstract: 548,883. Sifting apparatus. SPEIGHT, J. April 25, 1941, No. 5388. [Class 117] In plansifters comprising a nest of super-imposed sieves, preferably arranged in the form of drawers in a cabinet frame, humid air is withdrawn by one or more ducts 1 connected to a suction pump and in communication with the spaces 6 between the sieves and also with the passages by which the sifted products are discharged. The inlets 4 to the ducts 1 may communicate with the spaces 6 by recessed channels 5 cut in the sides of the sieve frames. Specifications 548,881 and 548,882 are referred to.
Patent GB-1378811-A (GB)
Title: Synchronous programmable mixed format time division multiplexer
IPC: H04L5/22
Filed: 1972-02-05
Abstract: 1378811 Multiplex pulse code signalling GENERAL DATACOMM INDUSTRIES Inc 5 Feb 1972 5444/72 Heading H4L In a time division multiplex system in which a plurality of unsynchronized, relatively low bit speed signals are multiplexed for high speed transmission over a common link, a timing generator is adjustable to generate 1 to M time slot gate signals per frame, each of said gate signals being individually adjustable to accommodate 1 to N bits, whereby data sources having both mixed rates and mixed character lengths may be combined. The receiver is provided with a similar timing generator and includes means for detecting and locking on to the frame sync. word in known manner.
Patent GB-311223-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in means for impeding or obstructing motion of vehicles
IPC: B60T1/14
Filed: 1929-02-19
Abstract: 311,223. Shailer, P. H. May 7, 1928, [Convention date]. Skid.-A braking device for vehicles comprises on each side of the vehicle a chock-block or skid 6 which may, as shown, be of channelled form and is connected by links 8, 9, 10 to the chassis so that the blocks may be normally held in the raised position with the links folded as shown in Fig. 4. The link 10 is shown as supported from the spring connecting-means 11. The block 6 is retained in the raised position by a catch device which may comprise a lever 14 engaging a pin 15 on the link 8 and connected by a rod 16 to a hand-lever 17. The catch may instead comprise a sliding bolt connected to the rod 16 and engaging an eye on the link 9. A spring may be interposed between the coupling links and the chassis to assist the engagement of the blocks with the wheels. An additional set of mechanism may be fitted behind the rear wheels to prevent rearward movement of the vehicle.
Patent GB-1273129-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor device
Inventor: MAEDA HAJIME
IPC: H01L29/00
Filed: 1970-02-05
Abstract: 1,273,129. Semi-conductor devices. TOKYO SHIBAURA ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. 5 Feb., 1970 [7 Feb., 1969 (2)], No. 5501/70. Heading H1K. Carrier mobility in a diamond-structure or zinc blende-structure semi-conductor body for a field effect transistor is maximized by selecting the direction of current flow relative to the crystallographic plane of the major face of the body. If the major face lies in a plane in the [100] zone (i.e. with its normal perpendicular to the [100] axis) and has its normal within 0 and 45 degrees, 45 degrees exclusive, of the [011] axis, the direction of current flow is selected to be within 5 degrees of the [100] axis. The major face may, for example, lie in a (023) plane. If, however, the major face lies in a plane in the [011] zone there are two possibilities. Firstly if the normal to the face is within 0 degrees and 35 degrees 15 seconds of the [011] axis, the direction of current flow is selected to be perpendicular to the [011] axis,  5 degrees. Secondly if the normal to the face lies within 35 degrees 16 seconds and 90 degrees, 90 degrees exclusive, of the [011] axis, the direction of current flow is selected to be the [011] axis,  5 degrees. Fig. 3 shows the variation of carrier mobility with axis for crystallographic axes in the two alternative zones. Semiconductor materials to which the invention is applicable include Si, Ge, semi-conducting diamond, BN, GaAs and GaP. The invention is applicable to field effect transistors of both insulated gate and junction gate types, phosphorus-doped SiO 2  being used as the gate insulation to improve stability in the former type of device.
Patent GB-349083-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to wave responsive apparatus
IPC: H03D1/00
Filed: 1930-02-20
Abstract: 349,083. Wireless receiving systems. ROBINSON, J., of British Radiostat Corporation, 29, George Street, Hanover Square, London. Feb. 20, 1930, No. 5746. [Class 40 (v).] Modulated electric wave signals are selectively received and detected by applying the incoming oscillation to a highly selective mechanical vibrating resonator, such as piezoelectric crystal, which controls a beam of light applied to a photo-electric cell to obtain an electrical output. The Figure shows a light source 14, polarizing devices 19, 20 and a piezo-electric crystal 13 controlling the beam of light applied to photoelectric cell 15. The distortion due to the high selectivity of the resonator may be corrected as described in Specification 344,869. Specification 325,232, [Class 40 (v), Wireless signalling &c.], is also referred to. The Provisional Specification describes the use of the light variations to produce a record upon a photographic film.
Patent GB-1506196-A (GB)
Title: Fluids in particular hydraulic fluids containing ammonium salts of phosphorus acids
IPC: C10M101/02
Filed: 1975-02-11
Abstract: A hydraulic fluid which is able to limit the wear of mechanical parts coming into contact therewith contains an ammonium salt of a phosphoric acid of the formula <IMAGE> in which the individual symbols have the meaning specified in Claim 1.
Patent GB-545345-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the construction and assembly of centrifugal pumps and like apparatus
IPC: F04D29/40
Filed: 1941-05-05
Abstract: 545,345. Bolted joints. HAYWARD, TYLER & CO., Ltd., and HOWARD, G. P. E. May 5, 1941, No. 5830. [Class 83 (iv)] [Also in Group XXVI] The bolts in a bolted joint, in a centrifugal pump &c. are employed in both compression and tension. Studs 6 are screwed through a ring 5 itself bolted to the casing and apply thrust to an annulus 3 to compress a gasket and make a fluid tight joint. Nuts 11 on the upper ends of the studs secure the flange 10 in place. In a modification the thrust is inserted by grub screws 61, Fig. 3, and the flange is secured by set screws 6<SP>11</SP> both sets of screws entering the same set of tapped holes in the ring 5. Specification 548,637, [Group XXVI], is referred to.
Patent GB-1062407-A (GB)
Title: A method of and apparatus for removing liquid substances floating on the surface of water
IPC: E02B15/04
Filed: 1966-02-10
Abstract: A circular trough supported by surrounding floats has suction pipes extending radially inwardly through it (but not communicating with it) and connected to a central suction pipe below the trough for withdrawal of surrounding water by one or more pumps.  The water flow induces flow of floating oil over the edge of the trough and into it, whence it is withdrawn upwardly. Preferably the water withdrawal pipe does communicate with the trough interior by a float-operated valve, so that the water level in the trough may be lowered a predetermined amount before withdrawal of oil commences to prevent contamination of withdrawn oil by water.
Patent GB-582803-A (GB)
Title: Improved direction control systems for movable craft
IPC: G05D3/14
Filed: 1944-03-31
Abstract: 582,803. Automatic control systems. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. March 31, 1944, No. 5958. Convention date, June 23, 1943. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Group XXXVIII] Steering.-In an automatic steering system for a craft the steering mechanism is controlled by the change in polarity of the output of a frequency discriminator caused by frequency variation of an oscillator, the resonant circuit of which includes a coil of an electromagnet producing the frequency variation by its change of orientation in the earth's magnetic field. In order to maintain a craft on a predetermined course, an inductor' bar compass 2 is mounted for rotation about a vertical axis of support 6 on the craft and, by its movement relative to the earth's magnetic field, electrically controls a reversible electric motor 238 which, in turn, controls steering gear 244 and provides a follow-up component to the compass through a mechanical coupling 246. A winding 24 on one limb of the compass constitutes an inductance which varies according to the position of the compass relative to the earth's field and forms with condenser 30 a resonant circuit connected between the control grids of a push-pull triode oscillator 36, the frequency of which thus rises or falls according to the sense of compass deviation. A battery 20 supplies current to a winding 18 on the other limb of the compass to increase sensitivity. The oscillator output is amplified by a doubletriode voltage amplifier 74 and further amplified by a push-pull power amplifier stage, comprising tetrodes 104, 110 connected as triodes, the output transformer 126 of which has two secondary windings 136, 138. To maintain constant the amplitude of the output of the power amplifier stage automatically, winding 138 supplies, through a half-wave twin-diode rectifier 150, negative bias to the oscillator control grids. The voltage of the anode supplies to the oscillator, taken from the common source 170, is stabilised by a gas-filled diode 162. The supply from winding 136 at constant amplitude, but variable frequency, is applied to a discriminator circuit, comprising a coupled circuit 192 and a twin-diode rectifier 180, producing opposed D.C. voltages across resistances 208, 210 which balance when the input frequency is equal to the resonant frequency of the coupled circuit, i.e. when the craft is on the correct course. Deviation of the craft and the resulting rise or fall in frequency, however, produces a resultant D.C. voltage across resistances 208, 210, the polarity of which is dependent on the sense of the deviation. This resultant voltage controls through a triode 202 the energization of a two-way relay 224, the contacts of which energize, from battery 234, one winding or the other of the reversible motor 238 which hunts to correct the derivation.
Patent GB-1092326-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cutter tools and tips therefor
Inventor: PROCTOR SIDNEY ERNEST
IPC: B05B1/10
Filed: 1965-02-11
Abstract: 1,092,326. Brazing. AUSTIN HOY & CO. Ltd. Jan. 31, 1966 [Feb. 11, 1965], No. 5989/65. Heading B3R. [Also in Division E1] The base of a tungsten carbide tip insert of a cutter pick is provided on the side remote from the cutting face 14 of the insert with a tongue 15, which when inserted in a complementary recess in the head of the pick causes an increase in the brazing area between the tip and the head as well as providing a mechanically stronger pick.
Patent GB-306832-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to indirectly heated cathodes for vacuum tubes
IPC: H01B3/08
Filed: 1929-02-25
Abstract: 306,832. Arcturus Radio Tube Co., (Assignees of Ruben, S.). Feb. 25, 1928, [Convention date]. Vacuum tubes.-The heating filaments of indirectly-heated cathodes are insulated by forming a coating of oxide on the wire employed. preferably tantalum, and covering the oxide with a material, preferably silica, which has a greater dielectric strength than the oxide, and is adapted to combine chemically therewith. Tantalum wire is heated to about 600‹ C. until a coating of oxide is formed thereon, after which it is covered with finely-divided silica in a suspension prepared by grinding the silica with a weak solution of sodium silicate. After drying, the filament is mounted in the tube which is then evacuated and the filament heated to about 1600‹ C. which fuses the silica and is stated to cause it to combine chemically with the tantalum oxide thus ensuring a firm union of the heater filament with the dielectric. The thickness of the dielectric coating so prepared need not exceed 0.5 millimetres and the filament is enclosed in a cathode of such dimensions that it is closely engaged by the sides thereof. Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or boron may be used instead of silica, sodium silicate may be replaced by resinous or organic binders, and tantalum by nickel or tungsten. The silica may be applied direct to the wire without the formation of the intermediate oxide. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states also that the coated wire may be prepared in long lengths. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-539867-A (GB)
Title: A process for the removal of weakly acid-reacting substances from water-insoluble organic liquids
IPC: C10G19/00
Filed: 1940-04-04
Abstract: 539,867. Extraction of weakly acidic substances. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP DE BATAAFSCHE PETROLEUM MAATSCHAPPIJ. April 4, 1940, No. 6097. Convention date, May 5, 1939. [Class 2 (iii)] [Also in Group III] Weakly acidic materials such as mercaptans, phenols, thiophenols, alkyl phenols and fatty acids are extracted from their solutions in neutral or weakly basic organic liquids which are substantially immiscible with water such as liquid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum, e.g. benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. chlorethane, ethylene dichloride, trichlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride, chlorpropane, chlorbutylene, chlorbenzene, brombenzene and nitrogen containing compounds, e.g. amyl or higher amines, aniline, water insoluble pyridine derivatives and petroleum bases, by treating the material to be extracted with an aqueous solution of a strong base in the presence of a non-aromatic di-carboxylic acid having from 5-11 carbon atoms in the molecule, and in which the carboxyl radicals are separated by at least two carbon atoms. The preferred compounds are those which have an uneven number of carbon atoms. The strong bases which are used for the process include the alkali metal hydroxides, ammonia, quaternary ammonium bases, and alkali metal carbonates. Acids which are suitable for the process of the invention include aliphatic acids such as glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azeleic, sebacic and undecanoic acids, also alicyclic acids such as those prepared by the reduction of the phthalic acids and the acids formed by combination of mono-olefins and maleic anhydride as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,055,456. The acids used as solubility promoters may contain an olefinic linkage, although their efficiency is improved by hydrogenation of such a linkage. The concentration of the strong alkali should preferably be between 5-8 normal, calculated on the total solution, and the concentration of the di-carboxylic acid should be as high as possible. Specifications 503,644 and 509,669 are referred to.
Patent GB-118573-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Fuel Injection Devices for Internal Combustion Engines.
Inventor: SMITH PHILIP HOPKINS
IPC: F02M61/18
Filed: 1918-04-10
Abstract: 118,573. Smith, P. H. April 10, 1918. Cylinders receiving liquid fuel.-The fuel orifices in flame plates are provided with one or more annular recesses 4, 6 with sharp edges 3 which tend to give the mixture of fuel and air a whirling motion, to atomize the fuel and mix it with the air.
Patent GB-1089021-A (GB)
Title: Elastic operated toy footballer
IPC: A63F7/24
Filed: 1965-02-12
Abstract: A toy footballer made of flat metal plate or other durable material consists of three parts: (a) a complete figure in side view, (b) a similar figure to (a) but only head to thigh length and (c) a similar figure to (a) but only foot to thigh length. The parts (a) and (b) are rivetted through the head with a spacer collar fitted between the parts and the part (c) is pivotted at the thigh between the parts (a) and (b), the pivot carrying a spacer collar.  An elastic band is passed through a hole in the foot end of (c) and knotted with the end of the band fixed in the head between parts (a) and (b).
Patent GB-681807-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to trucks for lifting and transporting loads
IPC: B62B3/06
Filed: 1949-03-08
Abstract: 681,807. Lift trucks. SLINGSBY, Ltd., H. C., SLINGSBY, G., and SLINGSBY, C. March 3, 1950. [March 8, 1949] No. 6242/49. Class 78 (iii). In a truck for handling fire surrounds a hydraulic jack 10 is secured to a shelf 6 supported by any of a number of pairs of ledges 5 on side members 3 which enable the jack head 10<SP>1</SP> to be positioned near the underside of the arch of the surround; and to centre and steady the load when it is supported by the jack, gripping heads 16 are extended into engagement with the inner faces of the vertical members of said arch. Webs 9, which engage the top of the shelf. and prevent tipping, cooperate with a spring catch 7 on the shelf, and prevent it sliding off ledges 5. The heads 16 are secured to frames 15 which engage guides 14 and carry non-rotatable nuts 19 which engage left and right hand threads 18 on a rod rotatable by a hand wheel 17. The heads 16, 10<SP>1</SP> and the front parts of the truck are covered with rubber. To facilitate mass production of the truck each side member 3 is of identical construction. In a modification, described in the Provisional Specification only, the ledges 5 are formed as slots in members 3. Specification 681,901 is referred to. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 481,678.