baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-614226-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to converting the surfaces of sheets, layers and the like made of cellulose esters into regenerated cellulose
IPC: B29C41/24
Filed: 1945-09-06
Abstract: The surface of cellulose ester layers, sheets, &c. is saponified by a process comprising coating of the surface with a hydrophilic colloid layer, spreading the saponifying agent on this layer and after reaction has occurred, removal of the colloid layer.  The process may be applied in stages in order to obtain saponification to any desired depth.  The colloid layer may be a solution of gelatin which jellies at room temperature.  Addition of sugar or sugar-like compounds, for instance, sorbitol may be made to the colloid to render it stable to alkali.  In an example, a solution of 15 kgs. cellulose acetate in 100 litres acetone is coated in three successive layers on a band-coating machine. After drying it is covered with a solution of 15 kgs. gelatin in 30 litres of water at 55 DEG  C.; at 20 DEG  C. this solution jellies. The gelatin layer is treated ten times in succession with 20 per cent aqueous potassium hydroxide solution and removed.  The treated band possesses a high gloss and is stable to the usual solvents, there being a coating of regenerated cellulose 100 m  thick upon it.  The product is useful for coating casting supports for the production of films.
Patent GB-981661-A (GB)
Title: Stabilization of polyvinyl chloride compositions with metal salts
IPC: C07F7/22
Filed: 1963-06-10
Abstract: The invention comprises zinc, calcium, cadmium, barium, and dialkytl in salts of the acids of formula <FORM:0981661/C2/1> wherein n represents 2, 3, or 4 and R represents alkylene having 2-6 carbon atoms, alkenylene (2-6 C) or 1,4-dimethylene-cyclohexane when n is 2; 1,1,1-tris (alkylene (2-6 C)) alkane (1-6C) when n is 3 and 1,1,1,1-tetrakis/alkylene (2-6 C) methane when n is 4.  Examples describe the preparation of dibutyl tin, cadmium, zinc, calcium, and barium salts of ethylene bis (b -carboxyacrylate) by the reaction of the metal oxide with the reaction product of ethylene glycol and maleic anhydride; of 1,2-propylene bis (b -carboxyacrylate); 1,3-butylene bis (b -carboxyl acrylate); 1,4-butylene bis (b  - carboxyl acrylate); 1,1,1 - propanetrimethylenetris (b -carboxyacrylate); 1,4-but-2-ene bis (b -carboxy acrylate; 1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene bis (b -carboxyacrylate) and methanetetra methylene tetrakis (b -carboxylate) also prepared by reacting 1,2 propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane, 2 - butene - 1,4 diol, 1,4 - dihydroxymethylcyclohexane and pentaerythritol with maleic anhydride, by a similar method.  The products are used as stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride resins.ALSO:Polyvinyl chloride compositions are stabilized by a zinc, calcium, cadmium, barium or dialkyl tin salt of acids of the formula <FORM:0981661/C3/1> wherein n represents 2, 3 or 4, and R represents alkylene with 2-6 carbon atoms, alkenylene 2-6 carbon atoms, or 1,4-dimethylene-cyclohexane when n is 2; 1,1,1-tris(alkylene (2-6 C)) alkane (1-6 C) when n is 3, and 1,1,1,1-tetrakis-alkylene (2-6 C) methane when n is 4, particularly against thermal and light-induced degradation.  0.01% upwards may be used singly or in admixture, and other stabilizers, antioxidants, U.V. absorbers, dyes, pigments, fillers, anti-static agents and plasticizers may be present. Examples describe the preparation of the salts (see Division C2), and the use of dibutyl tin salts of ethylene bis(b -carboxyacrylate) and 1,2-propylene bis(b -carboxyacrylate), cadmium salts of 1,4-butylene bis (b -carboxylate) and 1,2-propylene bis(b -carboxyacrylate), and the dibutyl tin salts of 1,3-butylene bis(b -carboxyacrylate), 1,4-butylene bis(b -carboxyacrylate), 1,1,1 - propanetrimethylene tris(b  - carboxyacrylate), 1,4 - but - 2 - enylene bis(b  - carboxyacrylate), and 1,4 - cyclohexane dimethylene bis(b -carboxyacrylate) by milling at 165 DEG  C. with the polyvinyl chloride.
Patent GB-443344-A (GB)
Title: An improved leg ring for marking fowls and any other types of birds
IPC: A01K35/00
Filed: 1935-08-16
Abstract: 443,344. Leg - rings for birds. SCHARNEWSKI, E., 60, Bruchm³hlenstrasse, Petershagen-Nord, near Berlin. Aug. 16, 1935, No. 23051. Convention date, Sept. 10, 1934. [Class 73] Leg-rings for birds are open and are notched at b whereby closure of the ring round the leg effects partial fracture of the ring which fracture is completed if removal is attempted.
Patent GB-1236202-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for solving problems in refraction of waves
Inventor: SPROULE DONALD ORR
IPC: G06G3/00
Filed: 1967-05-18
Abstract: 1,236,202. Calculating angles of incidence or refraction. D. O. SPROULE. 20 May, 1968 [18 May, 1967], No. 23051/67. Heading G4B. [Also in Division H4] Apparatus for indicating the angle of refraction of a ray crossing the interface of two known media for a given angle of incidence or vice versa can take either of two forms. In a first form, Fig. 2, arm 4 is pivoted at B on a guide 1, arm 5 is pivoted at A to arm 4 and has its other end F constrained to move along guide 1, the ratio of distances AF to AB is equal to the ratio of the velocity of the ray in the first medium to that in the second medium, and consequently if arm 4 is set to represent a particular angle of incidence i, the corresponding angle of refraction is indicated by arm 5 on a protractor 3. The lengths of arms 4 and 5 may be adjustable to permit calculations relating to different media to be made. A probe for generating ultrasonic waves may be fixed to arm 4, in which case a ray at a chosen angle of incidence can be directed into a piece of material to be tested ultrasonically for flaws, and the corresponding angle of refraction which would be obtained from a flawless specimen can then be read off directly at 3. In a second form, Fig. 4, arm 5 is pivoted at A<SP>1</SP> and has its end F<SP>1</SP> constrained by means not shown to lie on AB, the ratio of lengths A<SP>1</SP>F<SP>1</SP> to A<SP>1</SP>B is equal to the previously described ratio of velocities, and so corresponding angles of incidence and refraction are given by angles ABA<SP>1</SP> and AF<SP>1</SP>A<SP>1</SP> respectively. The angle of refraction is actually read off a protractor carried by arm 5 in conjunction with a reference line on a member 5.1, constrained to be always perpendicular to arm 4. An arm 4.2, pivotable at U, is mounted at 19 and at its pivot 6 on a cable, belt or chain 18 passing around pulleys 11-14. This allows a ray from a probe 7 to scan the length of a specimen to be tested whilst maintaining the ray parallel to arm 4. Further lengthwise scans can then be made at different angles of incidence. Alternatively, movement of arm 4.2 along the length of the specimen may be made very slowly whilst the arm is swung rapidly through a range of angles of incidence. Echoes from the specimen indicating flaws may be displayed on a cathode ray tube (not shown) by means( not shown).
Patent GB-727500-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to radio frequency electric circuit arrangements
IPC: H03F3/52
Filed: 1952-09-17
Abstract: 727,500. Inductors. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. Sept. 17, 1952 [Sept. 27, 1951], No. 23335/52. Class 38 (2). [Also in Group XL (c)] A variable inductor for use in a radio transmitting apparatus comprises two helical coils 24, one in series with each filament lead of a grounded grid triode of the apparatus, the inductance of each coil being variable by the operation of one of a number of push-button switches 68 which, by means of contacts 66, connect the respective turn of a coil to a contact bar 60. The bottom turn of each inductor is provided with a terminal 56 to which is connected a resistor 28 formed of a strip of highlyresistive material and which has a resistance value of the order ten times that of the resistance of the inductor. In use the resistor 28 is connected between the tap formed by the contact 66 and the terminal 56, the junction of the resistor and the tapping being grounded through parallel connected by-pass capacitors 30. The upper end of each inductor is connected with the valve filament by means of connections 54, 76, 20. The filament is also connected to the input signal over blocking capacitor 34 and is tuned by capacitor 32.
Patent GB-499294-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the treading of tyres
IPC: B29D30/54
Filed: 1938-08-09
Abstract: 499,294. Moulding and re-treading tyres. SIMON, Ltd., H. (Hawkinson, P. E.) Aug. 9, 1938, No. 23439. [Class 87 (ii)] In moulding tyres or re-treading worn tyres, the tyre 8 is formed with laterally spaced ribs 14 at the shoulders and the tread material 15 is applied intermediate the ribs 14. The ribs 14 may be broken up into circumferentially - spaced segments. The tread may be formed by a mould 16 having lateral flanges 17 which may engage within the ribs 14. Alternatively, the tread material 15 may extend up to the ribs 14, the flanges 17 seating upon the tops or outsides of the ribs 14. With worn tyres, the ribs 14 are formed by cutting away the crown tread portion. For new tyres, the ribs 14 are formed in an initial curing operation and the tread is applied in a final curing operation. Specification 420,829 is referred to.
Patent GB-461892-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices
IPC: H01J25/76
Filed: 1935-08-21
Abstract: 461,892. Discharge apparatus. KALLMANN, H. E., and KLEMPERER, O. Aug. 21,1935, No. 23517. [Class 39 (i)] In an electron multiplier in which electrons, produced by secondary emission, oscillate between two electrodes to which alternating potential differences are applied and the electrons are collected by an anode, which surrounds wholly or partly the space between the electrodes and is connected with an output impedance, means, such as a screen grid, is provided for reducing or removing the effect of changes of anode potential on the electrostatic field between the electrodes. As shown. a cylindrical anode 5 and screen grid 4 surround the space between the oscillator electrodes 2, 3, the anode being connected with an output impedance 10, and the screen grid being maintained at a constant potential positive to the mean potential of the oscillator electrodes. The electrodes 2, 3 may be treated to increase the secondary emission, and one or both of the electrodes may be coated with photo-electric material, and exposed to a variable source of light ; or primary electrons, produced by a thermionic cathode, may be controlled by a control electrode in the input circuit. A resonant circuit 6, 7, coupled with a thermionic valve oscillator 9, is connected between the electrodes 2, 3. A magnetic field, parallel with the axis of the anode, may be produced by a coil 12. The anode may consist of a metallic deposit on the envelope and a part or all of the deposit may be transparent. A suppressor grid may be arranged between the grid and anode. In a modification, the anode and grid each consist of two flat plates arranged on each side of the discharge space and connected together. Specification 450,138 is referred to.
Patent GB-525543-A (GB)
Title: Television method and arrangement for carrying out the same
IPC: H04N3/38
Filed: 1938-08-10
Abstract: 525,543. Television. RADIOAKT.-GES. D. S. LOEWE. Aug. 10, 1938, No. 23569. Convention date, Aug. 12, 1937. Drawings to Specification. [Class 40 (iii)] In a television receiver using a cathode-ray tube having a large-surface cathode BK, Fig. 1b, a charge-storing control electrode G, and a screen SC, as described in Specification 494,145 in which a complete line or the entire image is visible simultaneously, the number of images transmitted does not exceed ten or twelve per second. Several methods of scanning continuously-moving films having twenty-four frames per second are described. (i) Alternate frames only may be scanned by moving the film at such a rate that when the outermost aperture of the spiral finishes the scanning of the bottom line of a frame, the innermost aperture commences to scan the top line of the next frame but one (Fig. 2, not shown). (2) With interlaced scanning, alternate pictures are scanned along the odd and even lines, e.g., the first picture along the lines 1, 3, 5 &c., the second along lines 2, 4, 6, &c., and so on. If there are n lines in each scan, the scanning disc has 2n circular apertures arranged in a circle, and an additional disc has a series of n slots which at one time uncover apertures 1, 3, 5, &c. and subsequently uncover apertures 2, 4, 6, &c. Each slot has a width equal to one-half of the width of the picture, and is spaced from the adjacent slots by the same amount. The scanning and additional discs may be on the same or parallel axes, and the ratio of their angular velocities is 2 n-1/2 n. (Figs. 3, 4, 5, not shown). (3) In another method of interlaced scanning in which alternate pictures are scanned along the. odd and even lines, 2n + 1 apertures are arranged in a circle, the disc rotates 12 times per second, and the film moves at such a speed that 24 frames pass the scanning line per second. If the first aperture commences to scan at the left-hand end of the first line, the (n+1)th aperture cuts the lower edge of the picture at the centre and completes the second half of its path in the next picture. The (n+2)th aperture then scans the second line of the next picture and so on.
Patent GB-190094-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rubber heels for footwear
IPC: A43B21/06
Filed: 1921-08-05
Abstract: 190,094. Jamieson, F. Aug. 5, 1921. Protectors, construction of.-A rubber heel protector is divided into " unit areas " in the manner shown, the dividing spaces terminating at " points of radius " D<1> - - D<6> so that it can be adjusted exactly to the shape of any heel, without the usual bulging as at F. Removable parts E are shown but disclaimed.
Patent GB-336337-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mold for casting metals
IPC: B22C9/06
Filed: 1929-08-01
Abstract: 336,337. White, A. E., (Aluminium, Ltd.). Aug. 1, 1929. Moulds; cores. - A mould, for casting doublewalled aluminium cylinder-heads for internalcombustion engines or other articles, comprises outer mould-sections 2, 4, core-sections 22, 23, 24 and an inner core 16. The mould sections are formed with gate-, feeder-, and casting-cavities 5, 6 and 7 and have a common hinge-pin 3. The halves 2 are centred by a pilot 8, in the base 1, with a removable insert 9 and have blocks 12 engaged by the halves 4 which are secured together by a clamp 13. The core section 23, Figs. 3, 4, is tubular with a flange 23<a> resting on the halves 4 and has two longitudinal grooves 23b which, at the lower end, extend right through its wall. In these grooves two pairs of cores 22 fit, these being cut away at 22<a> to form a web 21, Fig. 7, to connect the walls 18, 19 of the casting. Two sections 24 are arranged between the halves 4 and each engages recesses therein. The core 16 engages the upper part of the section 23 and a hole in the insert 9. After casting, the clamp 13 is released and the core 16 and sections 23 are lifted out vertically. Then the sections 22 are moved apart from one another, around the casting between the parallel walls, until clear of the web 21 and lifted out. Finally the sections 24 are removed and the mould halves opened.
Patent GB-193884-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to aiming-tube adapters for quick-firing guns
IPC: F41A21/10
Filed: 1921-09-06
Abstract: 193,884. Dawson, Sir A. T., and Buckham, Sir G. T. Sept. 6, 1921. Ordnance, adapting for miniature-ammunition practice.-Relates to an aiming-tube adapter for guns having wedge breech-mechanism and of the kind in which the aiming-tube cartridge C<x> is held in position by the gun breech-block Band is fired by the existing firing mechanism of the gun. According to the invention, the aiming-tube C is provided with a flange C<2> similar to that of the gun cartridge but formed with projections C<3>, C' to prevent rotation of the tube during firing. The tube is seated within the gun chamber by means of bushes C'. The usual extractor arms being removed from the hinge pin B<2>, the upper arm is replaced by a tube retainer E, E' which bears under the action of a screw E<2> against the flange of the aiming-tube, the lower arm being replaced by an extractor D, D<1> for the cartridge Cx, which extractor is operated in the usual manner by a cam surface B<x> on the breechblock.
Patent GB-236775-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for automatically mixing liquids in flow in predetermined proportions
IPC: B01F5/06
Filed: 1924-10-08
Abstract: 236,775. Davies, B. W., Bell, P. A. G., and Edmondson, J. E. Oct. 8, 1924. Mixing filuids in flow.-In apparatus for mixing fluids in flow in proportionate quantities, of the kind comprising a combined reciprocating motor and pump operated by liquid taken from the upstream side of a Venturi tube in a pipe line conveying one of the liquids and adapted to inject the second liquid into the pipe line, the exhaust 11 from the motor 5, 6 is returned to the throat 4<a> of the Venturi pipe 4. The pistons 12<a> of the pump 12 are smaller than those of the motor, and the second liquid is injected through the pipe 18 at any point in the pipe line 2.
Patent GB-507455-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of foodstuffs
IPC: A23G3/00
Filed: 1938-08-12
Abstract: 507,455. Confectionery. CORN PRODUCTS REFINING CO. Aug. 12, 1938, No. 23827. Convention date, Aug. 27, 1937. .[Class 28 (i)] Relates to the production of a marshmallow whip for topping cakes and pies, and consists in mixing in dry form, from 20 to 40 parts by weight of dextrose, 60 to 80 parts of sucrose and 2 parts of gelatine, and wnipping 70 parts by weight of the mixture with 30 parts by weight of water. The preferred proportions of the dry ingredients are 36 parts of dextrose (hydrate or anhydrous) 62 parts of sucrose and 2 parts of gelatine. Heat may be applied during the whipping which may be effected with an egg beater: To produce a butter icing, 10 parts by weight of butter may be beaten into 90 parts of the whip, or to produce a dry grained icing, 40 parts of finey divided sugar may be beaten into 60 parts of the whip. The dry mixture may be sold, the consumer conducting the remainder of the process.
Patent GB-1224334-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transporter systems
Inventor: BARTHALON MAURICE
IPC: B61B13/08
Filed: 1968-05-20
Abstract: 1,224,334. Transporter systems; tracked hovercars. M. BARTHALON. 20 May, 1968 [7 June, 1967], No. 23831/68. Addition to 1,167,621 and 1,198,268. Headings B7K and B7L. The transporter system of parent Specifications comprising a powered car suspended from an overhead track beam by creating a subatmospheric pressure in lifting chambers formed between the car and the beam, is improved or modified in the following respects. The track beam 1 comprises adjustable wings 7 having projecting flanges 403 and the slide block 55 dovetails therein. The air extractor fans 427 extract air from a lifting chamber 420 and guide chambers 426 and discharge it through longitudinal nozzles 433 so as to impede the flow of air into the chambers 426. Lips are provided for sealing on each surface 411 of the slide block 55 and are equipped with friction shoes to engage the upper surface of each flange 403. The airconditioned car 9 is suspended from the slide block 55 by an evacuated springing chamber 408 communicating with the lifting chamber 420, and by hydropneumatic spring links 409. Successive slide blocks 55 are interconnected by flexible joints and successive cabins 9 by flexible bellows. The fans 427 may alternatively extract air directly from the guide chambers 426 (Fig. 10), and may be four in number, mounted on a frame 495 together with the windings 422 of the linear electric traction motor, the frame being spring-damper-mounted on the slide block. A points system (Fig. 13) joins a branch line 523 to a main line 522, 521, and comprises laterally pivotable side sections 526, 527 of the wings 524 and flanges 525, and a movable wing 537 rotatable about axis O by a pinion 544 meshing with a toothed section 545 movably housed in the beam 1, and guided by T-section slides 538, 539 sliding in grooves in the beam 1. In another embodiment, the points system comprises two wing sections (with flanges) connected to opposite ends of centrallypivoted cross-members which are oscillated by cranks on a shaft driven by a motor, so that the wing sections are retractable vertically and oppositely into slots in the beam 1 to set the points system in the two conditions. One of the wing sections is laterally pivotable as before. Each wing section is locked in working position by latches which engage in grooves in the interior of the beam 1 and which are on the end of a link joining the end of the cross-member to the wing section.
Patent GB-583757-A (GB)
Title: Implement for cutting vegetable matter
IPC: B26B23/00
Filed: 1944-11-29
Abstract: 583,757. Vegetable cutters. GOULD, H. W. Nov. 29, 1944, No. 23855. [Class 5 (i)] A vegetable cutter comprises a metal and wood handle with a slotted head. The radial blades d are formed in pairs, enclosing different angles and having flat central portions superposed and riveted to the end of the handle b.
Patent GB-615398-A (GB)
Title: Polymers
IPC: C08J3/12
Filed: 1946-08-12
Abstract: An aqueous emulsion of a water-insoluble synthetic polymer is formed into a spray, the droplets of which are received in and coagulated by a water-soluble organic liquid which is a non-solvent for the polymer, the spherical particles then being filtered off.  Polymers specified are those of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl esters and copolymers of these with one another or with vinyl chloride, maleic anhydride or diethyl maleate, and copolymers of butadiene with styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate.  Water-soluble liquids specified are methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, primary-, secondary- and tert.-butanol and octanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and dioxane.  An emulsion of polyvinyl chloride used contains sodium stearate or sodium secondary octadecyl sulphate, octadecyl alcohol and buffering agents.  The spray may be produced by squirting it from nozzles in which jets of air impinge on a jet of the emulsion.ALSO:An aqueous emulsion of a water insoluble synthetic resin such as poly-butadiene, -isoprene or -chloroprene or a copolymer of butadiene with styrene, acrylonitrile or methyl methacrylate is formed into a spray, the droplets of which are received and coagulated in a water soluble organic liquid which is a non solvent for the polymer, the spherical particles then being filtered off.  Water soluble liquids specified are methanol, ethanol, isopropanol primary-, secondary- or tert butanol and octanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and dioxane.  The spray may be produced by squirting it from nozzles in which jets of air impinge on a jet of the emulsion.