baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent AT-15966-U1 (AT)
Title: Verfahren zum Sintern einer Dentalkonstruktion
Inventor: HEINRICH STEGER
IPC: F27D5/00
Filed: 2016-09-28
Abstract: Verfahren zum Sintern einer Dentalkonstruktion (1) unter Verwendung eines sauerstoffaffinen Sauerstoffbindeelements (2), wobei das Sintern der Dentalkonstruktion (1) zumindest zeitweise in einer Luftatmosphäre (L) stattfindet. Die Luftatmosphäre (L) weist einen Sauerstoff-Volumenanteil in einem Bereich von 20 % bis 22 % und einen Stickstoff-Volumenanteil in einem Bereich von 77 % bis 79 % auf. Beim Sintern herrscht in einem Heizraum (H) Normaldruck oder ein Unterdruck von mehr als 300 hPa oder ein Vakuum, vorzugsweise ein Grobvakuum zwischen 300 und 1 hPa oder ein Feinvakuum zwischen 1 und 0,001 hPa.
Patent AT-7487-U1 (AT)
Title: Racemisches tamsulosin als freie base sowie verfahren zur herstellung derselben
Inventor: HOORN HANS JAN
IPC: C07C311/29
Filed: 2004-03-02
Abstract: Racemisches Tamsulosin als freie Base wird in fester Form erhalten. Die feste Form kann durch Ausfällen von racemischem Tamsulosin als freie Base aus einem Lösungsmittel erhalten werden, das entweder Wasser oder einen niedrigeren Alkohol enthält. Die kristalline freie Base ist polymorph und es konnten zwei spezifische Formen festgestellt werden.
Patent AT-14668-U1 (AT)
Title: Instrument zur Tonerzeugung, insbesondere zur Behandlung von Muskelschwäche, Spasmen und Muskellähmungen
Inventor: KRUMPL LUKAS
IPC: G10D13/06
Filed: 2014-07-08
Abstract: Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Musikinstrument, bestehend aus einem Innenbehälter der mit frei beweglichem, partikulärem Material gefüllt ist und einem verformbaren Außenmantel, wobei sich zwischen Innenbehälter und Außenmantel ein verformbares Material befindet. Das Instrument eignet sich besonders zur Behandlung von Muskelschwäche, Spasmen und Muskellähmungen.
Patent AT-7617-U1 (AT)
Title: Verfahren zur herstellung von viskosefasern
IPC: C08L1/24
Filed: 2004-07-20
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Viskosefasern umfassend das Verspinnen von Viskose zu Fasern. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Viskose und/oder einem Vorläufer der Viskose Gelatine und/oder substituierte Gelatine zugegeben wird. Die Erfindung betrifft auch Fasern, die durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erhältlich sind.
Patent AT-8315-U1 (AT)
Title: Verfahren zur verbindung eines anschlusselementes mit einem aus aluminium bestehenden elektrischen leiter sowie nach diesem verfahren hergestellter elektrischer leiter
Inventor: FROESCHL KARL FRANZ ING
Filed: 2005-09-05
Abstract: Verfahren zur Verbindung eines aus Kupfer oder aus einer Kupferlegierung bestehenden Anschlusselementes (2) für ein Kabel (1), insbesondere eines Kabelschuhs, mit einem elektrischen Kabel (1), welches einen aus Aluminium bestehenden Leiter (11) aufweist. Dabei wird das Anschlusselement (2), welches an seinen dem Leiter (11) aus Aluminium zugewandten Flächen mit einer Beschichtung (3) aus Nickel versehen ist, mit dem Leiter (11) aus Aluminium mittels Zink (4) verschweißt.
Patent DE-20210836-U1 (DE)
Title: Telescopic linear drive as lifting column for furniture components has driver seated on upper end of each spindle and rotationally fixed, and on outer side provided with longitudinal ribs to slide in guide slots on inner side of spindle
IPC: F16H25/20
Filed: 2002-07-17
Abstract: The telescopic linear drive (10) has at least two rotationally driven spindles, a fixed outer cylinder (11) and a number of extendable cylinders (12,13). For the drive connection of the spindles a driver is seated on the upper end of each spindle and rotationally fixed. The driver on the outer side is provided with longitudinal ribs which can slide in corresponding guide slots on the inner side of the respective spindle. The drivers connecting the spindles are installed in the end section of the spindles facing away from the motorized drive.
Patent DE-20212910-U1 (DE)
IPC: E04F13/08
Filed: 2002-08-22
Abstract: The facing plate consists of a mineral material and has inner pores. The plate has a thickness which reduces in the direction from a first edge (12) to the opposite-lying second edge (14), creating a wedge-shaped cross section. On the first edge the plate has a thickness of between 30 and 70mm, and on the second edge a thickness of between 3 and 7mm. In plan the facing plate is rectangular with a length of preferably 80-120cm in one direction, and a length of preferably 60-90cm in the other direction. An independent claim is included for a room in a building with a facing plate in at least corner.
Patent DE-20215411-U1 (DE)
Title: Purse with interior light, has collected electric lamps or LEDs with a switch and a button battery
IPC: A45C15/06
Filed: 2002-10-07
Abstract: A purse with an interior light comprises a set of electric lamps or LEDs with a switch and a button battery. The switch can be operated manually or automatically, the battery is in a foil pocket and the light illuminates the money pocket.
Patent DE-20302428-U1 (DE)
Title: Bathroom shower head has two individually adjustable massage roses
IPC: B05B3/04
Filed: 2003-02-14
Abstract: A bathroom shower has a hose supplying water to a hand-held shower head. The shower head esp. has two individually-adjustable adjacent rose outlets (50).
Patent DE-20302632-U1 (DE)
Title: T-angle plate cutter for cutting gypsum plaster board comprises a T-angle having a long side with dimensions on both sides which are each provided with a notch
IPC: B25H7/02
Filed: 2003-02-18
Abstract: T-angle plate cutter comprises a T-angle having a long side (120 cm) with dimensions every 0.5 cm on both sides which are each provided with a notch, and a short side about 1.2 cm thicker than the long side for precise guiding on the board.
Patent DE-20306031-U1 (DE)
Title: Path planning attachment for tractor hitch has the blade supported under a frame made from square section tubing and adjustable about two vertical axes and two horizontal axes
IPC: E02F3/76
Filed: 2003-04-15
Abstract: A path planning attachment for a tractor hitch has a main frame made from square section tubing with the attachment coupled to the hitch via one vertical axis (1). The blade is suspended under the main frame with adjustment via a second vertical axis (2). The blade mounting is adjustable about two orthogonal horizontal axes which can be released to enable the blade to freely adapt to the angle of the ground and/or the original path. The adjustments comprise simple angular systems which can be locked as required.
Patent DE-20306517-U1 (DE)
Title: Marking punch for a plastics molding tool has a rotatable central part with axially spaced grooves rings to hold rings
IPC: B29C33/42
Filed: 2003-04-28
Abstract: A cylindrical outer body(6) has a central bore(8) with an axial supporting face(11) contacted by the free end face of a rotatable central marker part(1). Two axially spaced radial grooves in the outer body contain rings(12,13) which press against the bore wall.
Patent DE-20307027-U1 (DE)
Title: Dispenser for moist tissues, assembled of cylindrical container, lid with hole, and cap
IPC: A47K10/38
Filed: 2003-05-07
Abstract: The moist tissues are sold as a roll (2) wound onto a cardboard drum. Perforated lines (3) facilitate the removal of individual tissues. The roll (2) is positioned vertically in a cylindrical water- and airtight container (1), which is provided with a lid (5) comprising a hole (6) in the center. A corner (4) of the outer end of the tissue roll (2) is pulled through the opening (6) in order to serve as a grip to be pulled at for the removal of a sheet of tissue. The device (1) can be closed with a cap (7) ensuring the tissue to retain the moisture. A logo or a company slogan can be printed on the outer surface of the container (1).
Patent DE-20308302-U1 (DE)
Title: Method for fitting safety belt to reel has the end of the belt clamped inside a hollow reel core by winding round a clamping element
IPC: B60R22/34
Filed: 2003-05-27
Abstract: A method for securely fitting a safety belt to a reel, without special stitching and without attaching fittings to the belt, has a hollow reel core (12) with a slot and with a round clamping element (22) inside the core. One turn of the belt is wound around the clamping element, through the slot and around the core. Increasing tension on the belt pulls the clamping element against the inside of the hollow core and increases the grip on the belt. The grip is further enhanced by grip profiles on the gripping surfaces. The inside profile of the hollow core, and the outside profile of the clamping element, are non circular to increase the clamping grip.
Patent DE-20308365-U1 (DE)
Title: Protection device for a sunblind comprises a camera sensor system that monitors deflection of the blind due to the wind and ensures it is wound in if the wind becomes too strong
IPC: E04F10/06
Filed: 2003-05-28
Abstract: Mechanically operated sunblind system has a sensor arrangement with a camera that monitors movement of the blind caused by the wind acting on it. If detected movement of the blind exceeds a threshold level the blind can be wound in. An independent claim is included for a corresponding camera sensor arrangement with an intermittently operating infrared light source.
Patent DE-20311352-U1 (DE)
Title: Computer plug-in card insertion or removal device, can be used for different sizes of card, and has handle on one of two opposing long sides
IPC: G06F1/18
Filed: 2003-07-23
Abstract: The device has a baseplate (1) with two opposing long sides (3,5). The device can be used for different sizes of computer cards. A handle (2) is provided on the first long side (3). A holding hook (8) holds the plug-in card on the side facing the handle. The second long side is arranged opposite the handle.
Patent DE-20311693-U1 (DE)
Title: Sealing tape comprises natural or synthetic fabric base which can be cold-deformed and upper liquid-impermeable coating of unvulcanized or partially crosslinked elastomer
IPC: E04B1/68
Filed: 2003-07-29
Abstract: Sealing tape comprises a natural or synthetic fabric base (1) which can be cold-deformed and an upper liquid-impermeable coating (2) of unvulcanized and/or partially crosslinked elastomer.
Patent DE-20314532-U1 (DE)
Title: Vorrichtung zur Ableitung von Wärme von elektronischen und elektrischen Bauelementen
IPC: H01L23/552
Filed: 2003-09-16
Abstract: Vorrichtung zur Ableitung von Wärme von elektronischen und elektrischen Bauelementen (4), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus einem Kühlmedium und einem geschlossenen Kreislauf mit einem Verdampfer (1), fluidischen Verbindungen (3) und einem Kondensator (2) besteht.
Patent DE-20317050-U1 (DE)
Title: Dispenser for polyurethane foam sealant used in building comprises cup with handle, into which spray can of sealant fits, can being held in position by spring clip and can valve being operated by trigger on cup
IPC: B65D83/16
Filed: 2003-11-06
Abstract: Dispenser for polyurethane foam sealant used in building comprises a cup (12) with a handle (10), into which a spray can (70) of sealant fits. The nozzle (72) of the can fits through an aperture at the base of the cup and the can is held in position by a spring clip (20) fitted on the outside of the cup. The valve of the spray can is operated by a trigger (40) also mounted on the cup.
Patent DE-20317861-U1 (DE)
Title: Label used for different applications is made of two layers of material brought together from rolls and has printed design on front surface of first layer and tear-off layer on rear surface
IPC: G09F3/02
Filed: 2003-11-19
Abstract: The tear-off layer may be made of silicone or silicone-impregnated material. It covers and protects the adhesive coating on the rear surface of the label. The front of the label is printed with advertising or decorative material. There is a dotted or perforated tear-off line at the top of the label, to enable the backing to be peeled off.
Patent DE-20317933-U1 (DE)
Title: Multi purpose tool has a main body with a hexagonal grip for a spanner and with a stub for a socket at one end and a grip for a screwdriver bit at the other end
IPC: B25B23/00
Filed: 2003-11-20
Abstract: A compact multi purpose tool has a main body (10) with a hexagonal section (19) which is gripped by a spanner to operate the tool. One end of the tool is fitted with a square stub to grip sockets while the other end has a sleeve with a hexagonal recess to hold screwdriver bits. The sockets are retained by a spring loaded ratchet ball (18) with a similar ball grip (12) for the screwdriver bits, secured by an external spring sleeve (15). The user operates the tool with a conventional spanner, either open ended or ring type.
Patent DE-20318330-U1 (DE)
IPC: C08J9/32
Filed: 2003-11-25
Abstract: A thermal insulation plate 3-15 mm thick based on a filled heat-stable plastic contains 5-70 wt.% hollow spheres of average diameter 0.01-300 mu .
Patent DE-20318367-U1 (DE)
Title: Method for filtering suction of vacuum cleaner has permanent one piece reusable filter which is sealingly placed between motor and suction inlet
IPC: A47L9/12
Filed: 2003-11-27
Abstract: The filter is provided with a handle to enable withdrawal from the cleaner for cleaning and is refitted by sliding into the cleaner in an automatically sealed manner.
Patent DE-20318420-U1 (DE)
Title: Bequeme schnellwechselnde und mehrlagige wasserdichte Hygieneschutzauflage auf Toilettenbrillen
IPC: A47K13/16
Filed: 2003-11-28
Abstract: Mehrlagige – wasserdichte Hygieneschutzauflage auf Toilettenbrillen ( 1 ) bestehend aus mehrfach zusammengeklebten, bzw. miteinander fixiert in der Regel 10 bis 100 Lagen übereinander liegenden Folien (3) in der vorgestanzten Form der Toilettenbrille (2), mit seitlich angebrachten verstärktem Abrisslaschen (6) und sogar beim Wunsch mit einem Desinfektionsmittel versehen und durch Spritzwasser geschützten Einzellagen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die – mehrlagige, wasserdichte Hygieneschutzauflage auf Toilettenbrillen (3) mittels einer haftenden Klebebeschichtung direkt auf die Toilettenbrille (2) befestigt wird.
Patent DE-20320407-U1 (DE)
Title: Cable car system has e.g. cabins or chairs mounted so as to be rotatable about at least approximately vertical axis, articulated joint between bearing and carrying rod achieved via damping device
IPC: B61B12/04
Filed: 2003-02-27
Abstract: The system has a carrying and transport cable fed over drive and pulley wheels in end stations and a ferry arrangement such as cabins and chairs for attachment to the cable by suspension rods (1) with bearings (3) at the lower ends in which the ferry arrangements can be mounted so as to be rotatable about an at least approximately vertical axis. The articulated joint between the bearing and the carrying rod is achieved via a damping device (5).
Patent DE-29718915-U1 (DE)
IPC: B29C48/11
Filed: 1997-10-24
Abstract: The invention relates to frame profiles for producing window or door frames comprising L, Z or T-shaped cross-sections, an insulating core (100, 200) of predominantly closed-cell rigid expanded plastics and at least a casing which faces outwards by means of at least one exterior profile comprised of thermoplastic compacted material. When observed cross-sectionally, the frame profiles have an exterior profile extending from the exterior visible side (130, 230) to the interior visible side (110, 210) and is subdivided in at least two chambers (101, 102, 201, 202) by means of interior spacers. One of the chambers (101, 201) is filled with rigid expanded plastics and a chamber (102, 202) which is not filled with said plastics can be equipped with a reinforcing profile (31, 32). The chamber filled with rigid expanded plastics is adjacent to the exterior visible side of the frame profile. The chamber which accommodates a reinforcing profile (31, 32) is adjacent to the interior visible side of the frame profile. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing the frame profiles.
Patent DE-29811331-U1 (DE)
IPC: B62D65/00
Filed: 1998-06-25
Abstract: The movable element (3) and rod (8) of the operating component (5) are interconnected by a longitudinally adjustable assembly. This assembly comprises a threaded hole (9) in the rod interacting with the externally threaded end (11) of a connecting element on the movable element. The connecting element is connected to the movable element so that it is twist-free. The connecting element has a protrusion (14) which interacts with an end position sensing component (15) on the clamping or holding position.
Patent DE-29916249-U1 (DE)
IPC: B60N2/28
Filed: 1999-09-17
Abstract: The shell insert (1) forms the seat part (3) and backrest part (2) and a padded foot part (4) is connected to the seat by a flexible connector (5) so that it can be swivelled underneath the seat.
Patent IT-BO920071-U1 (IT)
Title: Filtro a moduli componibili per piu' filtrazioni successive in un  unico corpo filtrante
Inventor: CAROLI AURELIO
IPC: D06F/
Filed: 1992-04-06
Abstract: IL TROVATO HA PER OGGETTO UN FILTRO SCOMPONIBILE IN PIU' MODULI AL FINE DI POTER COSTRUIRE UN UNICO CORPO CON AL SUO INTERNO PIU' SISTEMI FILTRANTI IN SERIE O A CATENA.ESEMPIO: CORPO SUPERIORE CON FILTRO A SACCO, CORPO INFERIORE CON FILTRO A CARTUCCIA, PIU' FINE, ECC.
Patent IT-BS930037-U1 (IT)
Title: Sistema di tenuta stagna tra due elementi accoppiati mediante avvitame  nto
IPC: F16J/
Filed: 1993-05-24
Abstract: Si tratta di un sistema di tenuta tra due elementi accoppiati mediante avvitamento, dei quali uno maschio con una filettatura esterna destinato ad avvitarsi in un elemento femmina con una filettatura interna, l'elemento maschio potendo essere un nucleo fisso e l'elemento femmina il cannotto di un'elettrovalvola. Fra i due elementi maschio e femmina da accoppiare è interposta una guarnizione anulare (16) in politetrafluoroetilene (PTFE) o materiale simile, che si assesta e blocca in una gola periferica (14) ricavata sull'elemento maschio e in una svasatura o rientranza complementare (15) all'imbocco dell'elemento femmina ad accoppiamento completato.Fig. 3.
Patent IT-MO910046-U1 (IT)
Title: Visiera parasole in vari tessuti e materiali, con o senza copricapo  da fissarsi alla testa mediante l'annodazione di due lembi di cui
Inventor: SOFFIATTI LUCA
Filed: 1991-07-04
Abstract: Il modello trovato apparterrà al settore abbigliamento, risolvendo il problema tecnico di riparare il capo dal sole e/o dalle intemperie, mediante una visiera parasole, con o senza copricapo, in vari materiali, con l'assoluta novità di dare soluzione alla problematica delle misure e delle taglie, essendo a misura unica, mediante la novità dei lembi di cui è composta, annodando i quali all'altezza della nuca si ottiene un buon fissaggio al capo di tale visiera parasole, con o senza copricapo.
Patent PL-114548-U1 (PL)
Title: Handle
Inventor: REFSUM BJORN
IPC: B62B1/22
Filed: 2003-12-31
Abstract: The holder or carrier (30) for fastening to the central shaft (2) of a buggy or trolley has an arm which is fitted to slide on the shaft, preferably through engaging in guides in the shaft, and has two parallel upwards orientated guides for the fastening of a module such as a baby seat (40) on the holder or carrier. The guides and/or the module have means of locking so that the module can be detachably fastening on the module. The means of locking also allow tilting of the module in relation to the holder. An independent claim is included for a module such as a baby seat which has grooves which conform to guides on the holder or carrier.
Patent PL-121275-U1 (PL)
Inventor: MATWIEJCZUK EDWARD
IPC: E04B1/26
Filed: 2012-08-16
Abstract: Przedmiotem ochrony wzoru uzytkowego jest lukowa konstrukcja szkieletu drewnianego odporna na huragan. Cecha znamienna tej konstrukcji jest to, ze slup sciany oraz wiezba (3) dachowa jest zbudowana z jednolitego dzwigara (1), a wszystkie polaczenia konstrukcji sa ze soba laczone za pomoca kleju, srub oraz wkretów do drewna co w efekcie tworzy jednolita konstrukcje szkieletowa odporna na dzialania sil i obciazen zewnetrznych.
Patent PL-121529-U1 (PL)
Inventor: Zając Jacek
IPC: G01K1/08
Filed: 2012-11-24
Abstract: Przedmiotem wzoru użytkowego jest konstrukcja termoelektrycznego czujnika temperatury, przeznaczonego zwłaszcza do pomiaru temperatury części maszyn i urządzeń w trakcie ich pracy. Termoelektryczny czujnik temperatury zawierający element pomiarowy umieszczony w osłonie, charakteryzuje się tym, że dwa przewody termoelementu (2) i (3) zespojone spoiną pomiarową (4) umieszczone są w osłonie miedzianej (1), przy czym spoina pomiarowa (4) dotyka do denka (5) osłony miedzianej (1), zaś u wylotu (6) osłony (1), przewody (2) i (3) są zaciśnięte na sztywno.
Patent PL-121936-U1 (PL)
Inventor: Łucznik Bolesław
IPC: H01L21/324
Filed: 2013-04-12
Abstract: Przedmiotem wzoru użytkowego jest piec rurowy, poziomy, dzielony na dwie symetryczne połowy w płaszczyźnie poziomej. Piec może służyć jako piec reaktora kwarcowego do prowadzenia precyzyjnych procesów technologicznych, jak np. wzrost warstw materiałów półprzewodnikowych, a w szczególności jako piec reaktora do wzrostu warstw azotku galu metodą HVPE. Piec składa się z dwóch części: dolnego półcylindra (1) i górnego półcylindra (2) poruszających się po prowadnicach kolumnowych. Dolny półcylinder (1) i górny półcylinder (2) połączone są ze sobą systemem cięgien elastycznych (4), poprowadzonych przez krążki linowe (5), osadzone na belkach (6). Zapewnia to wymuszanie przeciwnego kierunku ruchu obu półcylindrów. Elementy grzejne i rozgrzana ceramika odsuwają się od wewnętrznych elementów reaktora umożliwiając szybkie studzenie. Podobnie, jednoczesne podnoszenie górnego półcylindra i opuszczanie dolnego półcylindra eksponują rurę reaktora ze wszystkich stron, ułatwiając operatorowi kontrolę poprawnego montażu.
Patent PL-122622-U1 (PL)
Inventor: SYKULSKI KRZYSZTOF
IPC: C07F17/02
Filed: 2013-12-07
Abstract: Przedmiotem wzoru użytkowego jest kompostownik typu zamkniętego służący do gromadzenia i przyspieszania biodegradacji niewielkich objętościowo odpadów występujących w gospodarstwach domowych i ogródkach działkowych. Kompostownik ma kształt ściętej piramidy i wyposażony jest w demontowalne cztery boczne ściany zaopatrzone w szczeliny przewietrzające, demontowaną pokrywę górną (3) oraz uchylną klapę rewizyjną (4). Kompostownik spoczywa na ażurowej podłodze (8) o obrysie kwadratowym zaopatrzonej w środkowej części w przelotowy okrągły otwór dla napowietrzającej rury (9) o kształcie zukosowanego na jednym końcu walca, zaopatrzonej na obwodzie w szereg przelotowych wentylacyjnych otworów, a w środkowej swej części wyposażonej w elastyczny wąż (10). którego jeden koniec zaopatrzony jest w szybkozłączkę mocowaną do bocznej ściany kompostownika, natomiast drugi koniec połączony jest nierozłącznie z wewnętrznym układem zraszania (11, 12).
Patent PL-123009-U1 (PL)
Inventor: DROZDOWSKI FELIKS LEONARD
IPC: F03B17/06
Filed: 2010-05-17
Abstract: Przedmiotem wzoru użytkowego jest elektrownia pływająca zanurzona w nurcie wody, wyposażona w dwa pływaki połączone unoszącym się stopniowo ku górze dnem (3), tworzące pomiędzy sobą zwężającą się komorę wodną. W komorze wodnej częściowo zanurzone jest koło wodne (4) powiązane z generatorem prądu. Oś koła wodnego (4) znajduje się powyżej poziomu wody zaś na końcu komory wodnej (3), za kołem wodnym (4), zamocowana jest płetwa tylna (5).
Patent PL-123734-U1 (PL)
Inventor: NAUMENKO ANATOLIY
IPC: F03D7/06
Filed: 2015-01-21
Abstract: Turbina ma wirnik (2) z poziomymi pylonami (4) połączonymi na końcach z łopatami napędowymi w postaci odgiętych na zewnątrz skrzydłem górnym (5a) i dolnym (5b). Pylony (4) są sztywno połączone współosiową obręczą (6) o średnicy w zakresie od 30 do 40% średnicy okręgu zakreślanego przez zewnętrzne krawędzie pylonów (4). Maszt turbiny ma konstrukcję rurowo - kratową, której rurowa część górna (8) połączona jest przez współosiowe złącze (Z) z kratową częścią dolną (9) o kształcie wyznaczonym belkami słupowymi (10) w postać foremnego ostrosłupa ściętego o podstawie wielokąta prawidłowego o co najmniej czterech bokach.