Patent GB-643458-A (GB)
Title: Process for waterproofing materials and the waterproofed materials so produced
IPC: C14C11/00
Filed: 1946-11-22
Abstract: Textile material is made water-repellent by applying to the material or its fibres an organo-silicon compound in the liquid state or as a solution or emulsion, the compound being selected from substituted silanes of the type RySIXz in which R is an organic radical, X is a halogen or alkoxy radical and where the sum of y and z equals 4 and the silanols derived therefrom, the organo-silicon compound being converted by hydrolysis and/or polymerization to the water-insoluble polysiloxane.  The hydrolysis may be effected in the presence of an alkaline material capable of neutralizing any acid liberated by the hydrolysis.  Specified silicanes are monomethyltrichlorosilicane, methyl dichlorosilicane, triamylmonochlorosilicane, diethyldichlorosilicane, monoamyltrimethoxysilicane, diamyldimethoxysilicane, monomethallyl - monobutyl - dichlorosilicane, monomethallyl - octodecyldichloro - silicane, methallylphenyldiethoxysilicane, monoamyltrichlorosilicane, diamyldichlorosilicane monohexyltrimethoxysilicane and dibutyldichlorsilicane.  The alkaline material may be dimethyl amine, hexamethylene tetramine, pyridine, quinoline, or tetrabenzylammonium hydroxide.  Specified emulsifying agents are cellulose ethers, hydrophilic natural gums, rubber latex, waxes, soap, starch gelatine, casein, zein, deacetylated chitin or cellulose xanthates.  When the silicon compound is applied to the textile material in solution solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, dichlorpentane, chlorbenzene, trichlorethylene or chlornaphthalene may be used.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the treatment of leather, felts, paper and ceramic material and also the use of gaseous organo-silicon compounds.  This subject-matter does not occur in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Textile material is made shrink and crease resistant, also water-repellant, by applying to the material or its fibres an organosilicon compound in the liquid state or as a solution or emulsion, the compound being selected from substituted silanes of the type RySIXz, in which R is an organic radical, X is a halogen or alkoxy radical and where the sum of Y and Z equals 4 and the silanols derived therefrom, the organosilicon compound being converted by hydrolysis and/or polymerization to the water-insoluble polysiloxane.  The hydrolysis may be effected in the presence of an alkaline material capable of neutralizing any acid liberated by the hydrolysis.  Specified silicanes are monomethyltrichlorosilicane, methyl dichlorosilicane, triamylmonochlorosilicane, diethyldichlorosilicane, monoamyltrimethoxysilicane, diamyl-dimethoxysilicane, monomethallyl-monobutyl-dichlorosilicane, monomethallyloctodecyldichlorosilane, methallylphenyldiethoxysilicane, monoamyltrichlorosilicane, p diamyldichlorosilicane, monohexyltrimethoxysilicane and di butyldichlorosilicane.  The alkaline material may be dimethyl amine, hexamethylene tetramine, pyridine, quinoline, or tetrabenzylammonium hydroxide.  Specified emulsifying agents are cellulose ethers, hydrophilic natural gums, rubber latex, waxes, soap, starch gelatine, casein, zein, deacetylated chitin or cellulose xanthates.  When the silicon compound is applied to the textile material in solution, solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, dichlorpentane, chlorbenzene, trichlorethylene, or chlornaphthalene may be used.  The textile materials treated may be made from fibres or filaments of cotton, kapok, hemp, jute, flax, sisal, cellulose hydrate, glass, denitrated nitrocellulose, cellulose ethers or esters or etheresters, wool, silk, casein, zein, polyamide, resins such as phenol-formaldehyde, alkyd, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, cumarone, polyisobutylene, polyethyl acrylate, and methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polychloroprene, polybutadiene, copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride, or melamine-, urea-, thiourea-, aniline-, or sulphonamide-aldehyde.  Preferably the textile material before treatment is moistened with a swelling agent, for example in the case of cellulosic materials, water or an aqueous solution of ammonia, sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, dimethylamine, pyridine, or quinoline.  The treatment may be carried out in conjunction with scouring, bleaching, dyeing, sizing and other pre-shrinking, or creaseproofing treatments.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the treatment of leather, felts, paper and ceramic material and also the use of gaseous organosilicon compounds.  This subject-matter does not occur in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:In the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, ceramic material is made water-repellent by applying to the material an organo-silicon compound in the liquid state or as a solution or emulsion, the compound being selected from substituted silanes of the type Ry SIXz in which R is an organic radical, X is a halogen or alkoxy radical and where the sum of Y and Z equals 4 and the silanols derived therefrom, the organosilicon compound being converted by hydrolysis and/or polymerization to the water-insoluble polysiloxane or by applying to the material gaseous organo-silicon compounds.  The hydrolysis may be effected in the presence of an alkaline material capable of neutralizing any acid liberated by the hydrolysis.  Specified silicanes are monomethyltrichlorosilicane, methyl dichlorosilicane, triamylmonochlorosilicane, diethyldichlorosilicane, monoamyltrimethoxysilicane, diamyldimethoxysilicane, monomethallyl-monobutyl-dichlorosilicane, monomethallyl - octodecyldichloro - silicane, methallylphenyldiethoxysilicane, monoamyltrichlorosilicane, diamyldichlorsilicane, monohexyltrimethoxysilicane and dibutyldichlorsilicane.  The alkaline material may be dimethyl amine, hexamethylene tetramine, pyridine, quinoline, or tetrabenzylammonium hydroxide.  Specified emulsifying agents are cellulose ethers, hydrophilic natural gums, rubber latex, waxes, soap, starch gelatine, casein, zein, deacetylated chitin or cellulose xanthates.  Solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, dichlorpentane, chlorbenzene, trichlorethylene, or chlornaphthalene may be used.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.