baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-497544-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for working up the residues obtained in the distillation of levulinic acid
IPC: C07C51/42
Filed: 1937-08-04
Abstract: The residues obtained in the distillation of levulinic acid are saponified with an acid or an alkali, and in the latter case the mixture is afterwards acidified.  The saponification product may then be distilled to yield a further quantity of levulinic acid, or it may be heated with an alcohol to yield a levulinic ester; alternatively, levulinic acid may be recovered from the saponification product in the form of its salts.  As a further alternative, the distillation residues may be heated with an alcohol and a small proportion of a concentrated mineral acid, whereby a levulinic ester is recovered directly.
Patent GB-807623-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of n-alkyl aromatic amines
Inventor: STROH RUDOLF
IPC: C07C209/60
Filed: 1956-04-26
Abstract: N-alkyl aromatic amines are made by reacting a primary aromatic amine which is either unsubstituted or is substituted by one or more alkyl or alkoxy groups or halogen atoms with an olefine at an elevated temperature and in the presence of an alkaline-earth metal hydride as catalyst.  Primary amines indicated for use are aniline, the toluidines, xylidines and naphthylamines, and derivatives thereof containing the substituents mentioned above. It is stated that amines containing groups which react with the catalyst, such as carboxyl and sulphonyl groups are unsuitable. Olefines which may be used include ethylene, propylene, butylene, cycloolefines, aromatic-substituted olefines such as styrene and mixtures of olefines.  The process may be conducted under excess pressure and in an inert gas atmosphere and the reaction mixture may be worked up by steam or vacuum distillation.  In examples, ethylene is reacted with aniline to give N-ethyl aniline in the presence of (1) calcium hydride and (2) magnesium hydride; ethylene is reacted with (3) p-toluidine and (4) asym-m-xylidine to give the corresponding N-ethyl amines, and propylene is reacted with aniline (5) to give N-isopropyl aniline in the presence of calcium hydride.
Patent GB-416690-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric coupling devices
IPC: H01R13/70
Filed: 1933-05-03
Abstract: 416,690. Plug couplings combined with switches. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., Magnet House, Kingsway, London, and MANCHESTER, W., c/o General Electric Co., Wembley, Middlesex. May 3, 1933, No. 12933. [Class 38 (i).] A flat socket member 1 made in two parts formed with recesses for securing a rubber cord guard 38, includes a pair of bars 37 screwed together to form a cord grip, a switch, and a pair of sockets 22 which are adjustable to vary the distance between them. The fixed contacts 16 of the switch are pivotally connected to links 24 that are pivoted to lugs on the sockets by hollow rivets 25 to allow parallel movement of the sockets. The contacts 16 are connected by moving contacts 14, comprising U-shaped pieces of spring metal set in recesses on the sliding porcelain body 8, to terminal contacts 15. The operating buttons 9 are attached to a rod that can slide relatively to the body 8, the buttons entering recesses in its ends. Plates 18 loose on the rod abut against a shoulder thereon at each end under the action of a spring 19 between the plates. When one button is pressed the spring 19 is compressed until one plate 18 abuts against shoulders 17, when the body 8 is moved positively until the detent formed by recesses 13 and spring-pressed balls 11 is disengaged when the spring 19 completes the movement. The sockets 22 are made of sheet metal bent round and slit at the edges and surrounded by a steel frame 23. An earthing contact is provided by strips 3 projecting through slots 31 in the two halves of the member 1, one of the strips extending up to a screw inserted in the hole 32, to which screw an earth wire is led through an opening 39. The terminals 28 consist of screws that secure the contacts 15, the heads of the screws being drilled and threaded to receive a grub-screw 28<a> that secures a wire in one of several transverse holes drilled through the head.
Patent GB-211819-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines
IPC: F02G5/00
Filed: 1923-05-15
Abstract: 211,819. Brown, E. Feb. 20, 1923, [Convention date]. Motor power plant.-The open ends of single acting cylinders of multicylinder internal-combustion engines communicate freely with a chamber 10 containing fluid under pressure which serves to transmit motion from a piston making a power stroke to a piston making a compression stroke and thus relieve the connecting rods and crank shaft of some stress. Fig. 6 shows an engine in which the water jackets 28 communicate with a steam generator 25 from which hot water is injected into the piston through pipes 24, the water draining back into the generator through the chamber 10. The generator may be heated by exhaust gases or independently and the steam used to drive an engine 27 which serves to start the internal-combustion engine. The trunks of the pistons may be less in diameter than the cylinders and work fluid tight over a stationery guide forming part of the chamber 10, or the piston may have a hollow tail rod extending into the top of the water jacket. When the invention is applied to engines having two pistons in each cylinder the chambers 10 at the two ends of the engine may intercommunicate. When air or gas is used the pressure may be maintained by gases from a combustion chamber entering the chamber 10 periodically. Lubricating oil may be circulated through the chamber, which may have an air vessel. Each piston rod may carry a small piston working in auxiliary cylinders in communication with each other and containing fluid under pressure.
Patent GB-623796-A (GB)
Title: Clothes peg
IPC: D06F55/02
Filed: 1947-05-14
Abstract: 623,796. Clothes pegs. ROLFE, R. W., and RICHARDS, A. May 14, 1947, No. 13053. [Class 44] A clothes peg comprises two gripping members 1, 2 of semi-circular section, each formed at one end with a chamfer 3 and a groove for an elastic band 4 tending to spread the jaws. The jaws are closed by a sliding ring 5, e.g. of brass.
Patent GB-495067-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to injection syringes
IPC: A61M5/28
Filed: 1937-05-07
Abstract: 495,067. Surgical syringes; ampoules. 1. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKT.-GES. May 7, 1937, No. 13153. Convention date, May 9, 1936. [Classes 81 (i) and 81. (ii)] An injection syringe in which liquid medicament can be stored comprises a glass cylinder 1 which is closed at one end by a fixed stopper 4 and at the other end by a membrane 12, the cylinder containing a piston 5. The stopper 4 carries a canula 9 which does not penetrate completely through the stopper and which is formed with an abutment disc 6 and fitted with a stylet 7. A protective tube 8 surrounds the canula and rests on the disc 6, and a cap 10 tightly fits the stopper 4. A disinfecting plug is housed at 11 between the piston 5 and the membrane 12. When the syringe is to be used, the membrane 12 and the plug beneath it are removed, the latter being applied to the skin of the patient. The cap 10 is removed and the canula is forced through the stopper 4 by pressure on the tube 8 so that the end of the canula emerges into a recess 3 in the stopper. The tube 8, together with the stylet 7, is now withdrawn and the cap 10 is inserted in the open end of the cylinder 1 to act as a plunger.
Patent GB-131599-A (GB)
IPC: B63B3/20
Abstract: 131,599. Zonca, G. B. Jan. 16, 1918, [Convention date]. Drawings to Specification. Compartments.-Ships having inner and outer walls are constructed with a number of vertically arranged cylindrical compartments between and along such walls. In addition, similar vertical circular compartments are arranged in the double bottoms. The spaces between the compartments may be filled with concrete, and doors may be fitted at the upper ends of the compartments to enable cargo to be carried in them.
Patent GB-704511-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to liquid level indicators
IPC: G01F23/44
Filed: 1952-05-23
Abstract: 704,511. Electric follow-up systems. ASKANIA-WERKE AKT.-GES. May 23, 1952 [June 16, 1951], No. 13163/52. Class 40 (1). In a liquid level gauge wherein a float actuates a contact device to energise a reversible electric motor which drives the contact device to follow the float movements, the contact device comprises an enclosed mercury contact switch adapted to be closed by an external magnetic field the influence of which upon the contact tube is varied by relative movement of the float and tube. As shown, the mercury contact switch 10 is suspended within a shell 8 by electric cables 6 from a drum 2. The shell carries a lever 13 pivoted thereto by a blade spring 16, so that movements of the float 11 produce, through a further similarly pivoted lever 12, magnified movements of a magnetic screen 14 carried by the free end of the lever 13. Upward movement of the screen permits a permanent magnet 9 to close the electric contact 15 of the switch 10. A circuit is thereby closed to a moving coil relay 20, 21 which mechanically rocks a magnet 22 to close a mercury contact switch 24 to energise a motor 3 which drives the drum 2 to raise the shell 8. When this movement causes the screen 14 to be interposed between the magnet 9 and the switch 10, the contact 15 in the latter "breaks." The consequential de-energisation of relay 20, 21, rocks the magnet 22 in the reverse sense to open contact 24 and close contact 23 whereby the motor is driven in the reverse sense. The motor runs in this direction until the contact 15 again makes to reverse the motor. The motor thus hunts about a mean position indicative of the liquid level which may be registered directly by a counter 4 and also remotely through a transmitter 5. The magnet or the contact tube may move with the float, in alternative constructions.
Patent GB-330707-A (GB)
Title: Triple valve for direct acting railway brakes
IPC: B60T15/30
Filed: 1929-04-27
Abstract: 330,707. Kasantzeff, F. April 27, 1929. Fluid-pressure.-A triple valve for compressed air brakes comprises a central chamber 12 which is fed, and during brake application is closed, by means of a piston 7 influenced by the pressures in the brake cylinder 15 and in the auxiliary reservoir 10. A chamber 9 is provided for feeding the brake cylinder 15 to accelerate the initial application of the brake blocks. This chamber is fed from the train pipe 19 and the auxiliary reservoir, the connection of which to the chamber is narrower than the train pipe connection. The brake cylinder pressure is controlled by a double valve 5 actuated by a double piston 1, 3 influenced by the pressures in the chamber 12, the train pipe 19, the brake cylinder and a spring 4. The chamber 18 is connected to atmosphere. On charging the system pressure air is supplied from the train pipe 19 to the auxiliary reservoir 10 through a feed valve 6 in the chamber 9 and also to a chamber 11 in the part A containing the piston 7 which is driven to the left so that the chamber 12 and a secondary reservoir 13 are supplied through a passage 20. On brake application, brake cylinder pressure in a chamber 16 drives the piston 7 to the right to close the passage 20.
Patent GB-593246-A (GB)
Title: An improved wind screen wiper
IPC: B60S1/44
Filed: 1945-05-25
Abstract: 593,246. Windscreen wipers. LETHBRIDGE, W. REED-. May 25, 1945, No. 13170. Convention date, Feb. 26. [Class 138 (i)] In a windscreen wiper adapted to be rotated about the axis of a support in front of the screen, the wiping blade is carried by a rod mounted on the support to rotate about the axis thereof, and capable of a rocking movement in a plane at right angles to the plane of rotation, being rocked by means operating under the action of centrifugal force, to press the blade into contact with the screen and enable it to adjust itself to varying angles of inclination of the screen surface. A wiper head 1, Fig. 1, rotated by any suitable driving means, bears against the screen 2 by means of a non-rotatable button 3 of rubber or the like, and mounted on the head and rotatable therewith are the wiper blades 4 carried by a rod 5 pivoted on the head at 5a, and attached to the blades at one end by a pivoted link 4a and spring 7. At the other end a link 6 pivoted to the rod is weighted at its free end and works in a guide on the back of the blade. On rotation of the head 1, blades 4 and rod 5, the weighted end of the link 6 moves outwards along the blade, thus forcing that end of the blade against the screen and that end of the rod outwards, so that the opposite end of the rod forces the corresponding end of the blade against the screen through the link 4a. Also, the permitted rocking of the rod 5 on the head 1 enables the blade to adjust itself, during rotation, to varying angles of inclination of the screen. In the form shown in Fig. 3, the rod 5 carries a spring 9 attached to a bent extension 10 carrying a weight 12, the extension 10 being slidable in a guide 11 fixed to the blade 4, so that on rotation, the weight 12, tending to move along the line of the rod 5, forces the guide 11 and blade 4 against the screen as before. Alternatively, the weight may be connected directly to a spring attached to the rod and be slidable on an inclined guide attached to the blade, so that on rotation it slides outwards along the guide and forces the blade inwards as before. In the form shown in Fig. 5, the rod 5 is weighted at 16 and the blade 4 is weighted at 17, the weights 16, 17 being on the sides of the pivots 5a, 4a respectively away from the screen, so that on rotation they endeavour to assume true radial position in relation to the pivots, thereby forcing the blade against the screen. The head 1, Fig. 5, may be mounted on a non- rotary shaft 18 carrying the button 3, and may be driven through toothed gearing 19. Specification 533,606 is referred to.
Patent GB-257544-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric luminous discharge tubes
IPC: H01J61/28
Filed: 1926-05-25
Abstract: 257,544. General Electric Co., Ltd., (Patent-Treuhand-Ges. fiir Elektrische Gluhlampen). Jan. 28, 1926, [Convention date]. Vacuum tubes. - Azides of alkali or alkaline-earth metals are applied directly to one or both main electrodes of a lighting tube containing nitrogen, these electrodes being of such a size that under normal running conditions they are heated to a' temperature whereat slight decomposition of the azides occurs, say 200-300 C. in the case of sodium azide. As shown, a pocket b at the end of the tube a contains an iron electrode c in the form of a hollow cylinder, nearly filling the bore of the pocket. At the terminal end the electrode is fitted with a preferably conical receptacle f, containing the azide h and glass wool i. A cover g may be secured to the receptacle by a bayonetjoint. If the normal evolution of nitrogen is inadequate, the current increases and the glow spreads more deeply into the electrode so as more strongly to heat the receptacle f until normal working is restored. A fine hole may be made at the apex of the container f. Dimensions are given. The gas pressure is about 1 mm. mercury.
Patent GB-750120-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to end caps or closures for tubular members
Inventor: PARKIN LESLIE
IPC: B65D59/06
Filed: 1954-05-06
Abstract: 750,120. Furniture tips. CARR FASTENER CO., Ltd. March 30, 1955 [May 6, 1954], No. 13308/54. Class 134. [Also in Group XXVIII] An end cap or closure for a tubular member comprises an end member 2 with a resilient member 5 secured therein and arranged to be inserted into the end of the tubular member 14, and to grip resiliently the inner wall thereof, the member 5 having a peripheral recess 6 into which a portion 9 of the end member 2 is swaged or upset. The end cap may be used to close the end of a tubular chair leg, the end member 2 serving as a glider for the chair. The resilient member 5 comprises a longitudinally split sleeve and the end face 7 of the member 2 which engages the end face of the tubular member 14 is provided with an annular groove 8 the inner wall 9 of which is upset into the recess 6 in the member 5. The member 5 may be formed as a solid block of resilient material. Specification 717,084 is referred to.
Patent GB-809117-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for preparing aromatic aldehyde-carboxylic acids
Filed: 1956-05-01
Abstract: Aromatic aldehyde carboxylic acids are prepared by the oxidation with dilute nitric acid, of a chloromethylated carboxylic acid, or mixture of such acids.  The nitric acid used is preferably weaker than 60 per cent concentration and is boiled with e.g. p- or m-chloromethylbenzoic acid, or a mixture of o-, m- and p-acids, or b -bromomethyl-naphthalene a -carboxylic acid, until all the hydrolizable chlorine present in the original mass has been brought into solution.  Nitric acid may be added continuously as the reaction proceeds.  The final product may be purified by filtration and recrystallization, or by drying or distilling from water, or by heating in the presence of an organic solvent such as cyclohexanol, butyl or amyl alcohols and then recrystallizing.  Examples are given illustrating the preparation of m-benzaldehyde carboxylic acid and parabenzaldehyde carboxylic acid; o-phthalaldehyde carboxylic acid is also mentioned.  The amount of nitric acid used may be 5-20 times the weight of chloromethylated carboxylic acid used.
Patent GB-203741-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in gas-masks
IPC: A62B18/08
Filed: 1922-05-12
Abstract: 203,741. Davis, R. H., and Rosling, C. G. May 12, 1922. Respiratory aplpliances.-Relates to masks wherein an ori-nasal mask is attached to a larger face mask, and consists in arranging the orinasal mask outside the face mask, and enabling the eyes to be uncovered while retaining a gastight joint around the nose and mouth. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the ori-nasal mask b of sponge, rubber &c. is arranged outside a flexible sheet-rubber face mask a which carries the usual expiratory valve c and air connection d. The upper head-straps are fastened to the usual pad i<1> by a quick-release fastening, and additional straps j are provided to secure the ori-nasal mask independently. The eyepieces e are triangular in shape and may be cleaned by pads n carried on rods which are secured in flexible pockets m in the face mask. In a modification the eyepieces are mounted in an external flexible layer of rubber-proofed fabric which is stitched to the face mask around the edges enabling the eyepieces to be moved relative to the eyes of the wearer.
Patent GB-1267596-A (GB)
Title: Container with flexible liner
Inventor: COLEMAN CLARENCE B
IPC: B65D77/06
Filed: 1969-03-14
Abstract: 1,267,596. Container with flexible liner; container closures. C. B. COLEMAN. 14 March, 1969 [1 April, 1968], No. 13479/69. Headings B8D and B8T. A container 10 for liquids or dry particulate materials, having an accoss opening 20 in at least one end wall 16, encloses a flexible, tubular lining 22 of greater axial length and at least as great diameter as the container, one end of the lining 22 projecting through and sealed with a closure 36 to an access opening 20, and the other end of the lining 22 being sealed to the opposite end wall. In one embodiment a cylindrical container 10 has two circular access openings 20. One end of the lining 22 is gathered through and folded back towards the centre of opening 20 in a lower wall 16 to enclose an annular ring 52 supported by spring clamps 64. A seal is formed between a closure plate 36, a pair of gaskets 38, 32 and an outwardly projecting flange 30; the gaskets may be bonded to the flange and closure plate. The plate 36 is held in place by eyebolts 40, and hinged to the container 10, and includes a drainage tube 48. The surface of one gasket may be provided with annular shoulders (60) (Fig. 3, not reproduced) to embed the annular ring 52. Alternatively, flange 30 may possess an annular bead (57) (Fig. 4, not reproduced) and only one gasket employed, the ring 52 being omitted. Lining 22 may either be folded (Figs. 2, 3) or pass radially outwards (Fig. 4) between gasket and flange. The access opening in the upper wall may be similarly sealed, or the lining clamped to the depending rim of a cover clamped to the container (see Fig. 1, not reproduced) and incorporating filling means. The container 10 may be circular, elliptical or polygonal with coneshaped flat or dish-shaped end walls made from carbon steel. Polyethylene or P.V.C. may be used for the liner. The annular ring 52, closureplate 36 and spring clamps 64 are made of a material harder than the resilient, rubbercompound gaskets, such as steel or stainless steel.
Patent GB-326082-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in aeroplane empennage construction
IPC: B64C13/00
Filed: 1929-05-01
Abstract: 326,082. Burnelli, V. J. Feb. 4, 1929, [Convention date]. Planes, arrangement and construction of: steering and balancing.-An aeroplane having a fuselage of aerofoil contour has its empennage supported on one or more, vertical fins each comprising a trussed frame secured to the upper rearward surface of the fuselage and extending upwardly and rearwardly therefrom. Three such fins 7, 8, 9 are described on which are mounted three rudders 22, 23, 24, the two outside rudders moving in unison from one control and the central rudder being separately adjustable to correct drift. The two outer fins 7, 9 enclose mechanism for adjusting a stabilizing plane 11 which is pivoted about the same axis 10 as the elevators 12. Each fin comprises upper and lower booms 1', 2 connected by bracing 6 and extending from a member 3 secured to the upper surface of the fuselage. The two outer fins have each two coaxial vertical tubes 13, 14 connected by webs 15 and flanged to abut against the ends of a spool 18 which is threaded to engage a screw pivoted at 20 to the plane 11. A common cable 21 is wound around both spools and extends to a pilot's control so that both screws are raised or lowered simultaneously to adjust the angle of the plane 11.
Patent GB-135659-A (GB)
IPC: B23G1/16
Abstract: 135,659. Hall, C. Dec. 13, 1918. Tapping.-In a tapping-machine of the type described in Specification 14597/12, in which an axially-movable spindle a is clutched either to a driving or to a reversing clutch, and in which the tapping is effected by pressing the work against the tap by hand against spring pressure, the driving-clutch d being automatically disengaged when the work is finished, and the reversing- clutch d<1> being put in by withdrawing the work so as to reverse the spindle to release the tap from the work, an adjustable stop is provided to limit the pressure applied to the article to the required length of article tapped, and automatically to stop the tapping when the required length is completed. The stop shown in Fig. 1 comprises a standard j provided with a hole through which the tap passes, and carried by a rod g slidable-in bushes h in the framing i and secured by a grub-screw k. In the form shown in Fig. 3, the stop consists of a U-shaped strap connected by slots n and screw pins o to flanged strips l<1> secured to the driving- pulley. Accoring to the Provisional Specification, the use of the stop is to avoid damage to the tap when tapping blind-holes.