baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1425219-A (GB)
Title: Methods for removing parts of tungsten films
IPC: H01L21/3213
Filed: 1973-05-01
Abstract: 1425219 Electrolytically removing portions of a tungsten film WESTERN ELECTRIC CO Inc 1 May 1973 [4 May 1972] 20603/73 Heading C7B Unmasked portions of tungsten are removed from a partly masked W film on an insulating substrate by contacting the film with an aqueous electrolyte selected from carbonates, borates and phosphates of Na, K and ammonium, the aqueous electrolyte having a pH of 7.0 to 10.5, and impressing a difference of potential between the film and the electrolyte such as to give a current density of at most 40 ma/sq cm on the film. Fig. 1 shows such removal of tungsten from a film 15 thereof masked by a photo-resist 16, the W being on a Si substrate 13 insulated by a silica film 14. The electric circuit includes a counter electrode 19, potentiostat 18 and reference electrode 20. The substrate is lowered into the electrolyte by a mechanism 21. In the Example, the substrate is  held by a Ti clip attached to a rack and pinion slide. The slide and substrate are slowly lowered into an ammonium tetraborate aqueous electrolyte.
Patent GB-629425-A (GB)
Title: Soft solder for aluminium and aluminium alloys
IPC: B23K35/14
Filed: 1947-07-30
Abstract: A soldering alloy, particularly adapted for use in soldering aluminium and aluminium base alloys, has the following composition: Zn 65.0-92.0 per cent, Sn 2.0-25.0 per cent, Pb 1.0-3.0 per cent, Cu 2.5-4.5 per cent, Al 2.0-8-0 per cent.
Patent GB-904933-A (GB)
Title: Improved by-pass gas turbine jet propulsion engine
Inventor: RICE ROBERT ARTHUR
IPC: F02K1/82
Filed: 1960-06-11
Abstract: 904,933. Jet-propulsion plant. ROLLS-ROYCE Ltd. June 6, 1961 [June 11, 1960], No. 20618/60. Class 110 (3). A gas-turbine jet engine of the by-pass type comprises a compressor, combustion equipment and turbine and a jet pipe through which the turbine exhaust gases are discharged to atmosphere, a portion of the air supplied by the compressor being led through a by-pass passage so as to by-pass the combustion equipment and turbine and being directed to a zone where it is mixed with the turbine exhaust gases, means being provided for burning re-heat fuel in the turbine exhaust gases, or in at least a portion thereof before the gases are mixed with the by-pass air. A cylindrical shield is disposed concentrically within the jet pipe downstream of the turbine and forming an inner wall of the by-pass passage, reheat fuel being injected into the space within the shield, the shield being formed with apertures axially spaced along its length through which a part of the by-pass air flow may pass. The engine shown is of the two-spool type comprising a low-pressure compressor 2 driven by a lowpressure turbine 3, and a high-pressure compressor 4 driven by a high-pressure turbine 5, the air from the compressor 2 dividing into two streams, one of which passes into the highpressure compressor 4 and the other of which passes into the by-pass passage 10. A cylindrical shield 12 is disposed downstream of the turbines 5, 3 and reheat fuel burners 16a and flame-stabilizing equipment 16 are provided within the shield at the upstream end thereof. A portion of the turbine exhaust gases pass into the reheat chamber 14 within the shield 12, while the remaining portion passes into the annular space 13 between the shield and the jet pipe 18, the by-pass air from the passage 10 being discharged through shoots 15 and. mixing with the latter portion of turbine exhaust gases. A portion of the gas flowing in the by-pass passage 13 flows into the space within the shield through annular passages between the sections thereof to effect filmcooling of the shield. In a second embodiment, Fig. 2, the turbine exhaust gases pass wholly into the reheat chamber within shield 12a and the by-pass air flows through the annular passage 20, 21, a small proportion of the air entering into the reheat chamber through the spaces between the adjacent ring sections of the shield to cool the inner surface of the shield. The exhaust gases and air finally discharge through a propulsion nozzle.
Patent GB-672953-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulic, variable-pitch propellers
Inventor: BASEVI SIDNEY PHILIP
IPC: B64C11/38
Filed: 1949-08-08
Abstract: 672,953. Variable-pitch propellers. ROTOL, Ltd. Sept. 18, 1950 [Aug. 8, 1949], No. 20630/49. Class 114. Stops 20 are held in operative position to limit movement of the piston 17 by a spring loaded piston 24. They are released by supplying hydraulic fluid to the left hand face of the piston 24 from the operating pump controlled directly by a valve, but not passing through the normal constant speed unit of the propeller. This control valve can be operated electrically from the engine throttle, or separately.
Patent GB-934251-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical measuring instruments
IPC: G01D5/20
Filed: 1958-06-27
Abstract: 934,251. Measuring electrically. D. MURRAY. Sept. 23, 1959 [June 27, 1958], No. 20641/58. Class 40 (1). A measuring device comprises two transformers having the coupling between their primaries and secondaries variable under the influence of the variable to be measured, the primaries.being connected in series across a supply and the secondaries connected in the measuring arms of an A.C. bridge circuit. The transformers may be air cored in which case the coupling is varied by displacement of the primary relative to the secondary, Fig. 1, or the transformers may be iron cored and the coupling varied by moving the core relative to the winding. The transformers may be differential transformers as shown in Fig. 2, one winding of each transformer appearing in each measuring arm of the bridge. Fig. 4 shows an arrangement for measuring the elongation of a sample 10 by means of two transformers 19a and 19b, the coils of which are held stationary relative to one end of the test sample 10 by clamps, e.g. 12, while the core is attached to the other end of the sample by clamps, e.g. 11.
Patent GB-226492-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for the manufacture of perylene
Filed: 1924-09-02
Abstract: Perylene is obtained by distilling a phosphoric or a chlorophosphoric ester or a phosphorous or chloro-phosphorous ester of b -dinaphthol with a metallic salt and a metallic reducing agent.  In modifications of the process, the metallic reducing agent or the metallic salt or both is dispensed with. The esters are prepared by the action of phosphorus chloride or oxychloride on b -dinaphthol, followed if necessary by treatment with alkali.  According to the examples, perylene is obtained by (1) distilling b -dinaphthol chlorophosphoric ester alone or in the presence of zinc dust, zinc chloride or both; (2) heating b -dinaphthol phosphoric ester or chlorophosphorous ester with zinc chloride and zinc dust, (3) passing chlorine into a solution of b -dinaphthol chlorophosphorous ester in carbon tetrachloride to produce a trichlorophosphoric ester, which is then distilled in the presence of zinc chloride and zinc dust.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 208,721 and 208,722.
Patent GB-311986-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of white lead
IPC: C09C1/16
Filed: 1928-07-17
Abstract: 311,986. Metallbank und Metallurgische Ges. Akt.-Ges., and Sitz, G. July 17, 1928. White lead.-Plumbiferous flue dust and like materials having a certain chloride content, for instance products obtained in the volatilizing chloridizing roasting of lead-bearing materials, are dissolved in a hot concentrated alkali chloride solution, lead chloride compounds are precipitated from the solution obtained by cooling or dilution, and a suspension in water of the precipitate is converted into basic lead carbonate by the gradual addition of sodium carbonate with or without caustic soda, or of caustic soda with simultaneous introduction of carbon dioxide, preferably whilst, stirring. White lead free from chlorine is thus obtained. The basicity of the product may be increased by using relatively dilute solutions of sodium carbonate, or by operating at a low temperature. The chloride liquor, after precipitation of the bulk of the lead chloride, may be concentrated and re-used, if necessary after removal of impurities by precipitation of a portion of the remaining lead, as with lime. Lead chloride from other sources than those referred to may be used in the process.
Patent GB-644254-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the roofing of buildings
IPC: E04B1/35
Filed: 1948-08-06
Abstract: 644,254. Roofs. BLACKBURN (DUMBARTON), Ltd., HARGREAVES, W. A., and GREENACRE, F. G. Aug. 6, 1948, No. 20817. [Class 20(iv)] Prefabricated roof units as described in Specification 644,251 are erected by means providing for their being hoisted to eaves level at one end of the building and then being, slid along the front and rear walls into position. The units 8 are raised by cranes 4, 5 supported on roller track cradles 6<SP>1</SP>, 6<SP>2</SP> and then pushed on to bogies 7 at each corner whereafter they are slid into position by operatives on walk-ways 2. The units may be secured to the walls as described in Specification 644,253. Roller tracks may be arranged in sections on the walls in place of the bogies.
Patent GB-433741-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of building mortars or the like containing caoutchouc
IPC: C04B24/16
Filed: 1934-07-17
Abstract: Building mortars are prepared by treating an aqueous emulsion p  of vulcanized or unvulcanized rubber with an alkali silicate and a powder containing a substance sparingly soluble in water and capable of reacting with alkalies.  The basic character of the alkali silicate is thus slowly destroyed and hardening and coagulation takes place.  The water of the mortar may be absorbed by the addition of, e.g., calcium sulphate, cement, kieselguhr. Emulsions as of asphalt or benzene may be incorporated.  In examples: (1) a mixture of borax, sodium silicofluoride and pulverized quartz or (2) a mixture of borax, para toluene sulphochloride and pulverized quartz is added to a rubber emulsion containing sodium silicate.
Patent GB-603589-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to two-stroke internal-combustion engines
IPC: F02B33/06
Filed: 1945-08-14
Abstract: 603,589. Two-stroke engines. CONVERT, H. Aug. 14, 1945, No. 20904. Convention date, March 1, 1944. [Class 7 (ii)] In a two-stroke engine, in which an air charge induced through ports 18 is compressed in the crank-case and transferred through ports 9 in the piston tail-rod of an annular combustion chamber 20, rich mixture is induced through ports 10 compressed by the tail-rod and transferred to the crank-case where it is further compressed with the air charge. The rich mix. ture is transferred when a packing ring 19 passes ports 13 and gives communication with ports 9 when the piston is at the upper end of its stroke.
Patent GB-409649-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to cinematography
IPC: G03B35/00
Filed: 1932-07-25
Abstract: 409,649. Colour and stereoscopic kinematography. LOUIS, C., 17, Rue Gambetta, Epinal, Vosges, France. July 25, 1932, No. 20993. Void [Abridged as open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, July 26, 1932]. Drawings to Specification. [Class 97 (i).] In a method of projecting films to give the impression of relief, of the kind employing film in which the alternate frames have been exposed through separated lens systems, the vision of the spectator's eyes being alternately interrupted in sychronism with the movement of the film, Neon lamps lighted alternately by an alternator or from a continuous current supply provided with an interrupter are provided to blind each eye alternately. For colour kinematography the lamp boxes may have glass covers of complementary colours. One box may be -provided for each spectator or a series of boxes may be disposed along the walls of the theatre. Coloured prisms may be employed in taking and projecting the film.
Patent GB-574976-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cases of electric apparatus for use with electric fencing
IPC: H01F27/02
Filed: 1943-12-15
Abstract: 574,976. Containers for electric apparatus. WOLSELEY SHEEP SHEARING MACHINE CO., Ltd., and MACNAMARA, H. J. Dec. 15, 1943, No. 20996. [Class 18] [Also in Group XXXV] A weather-proof case for electric apparatus for use with electric fencing, consists of a square or rectangular box with integral top a<4> and sides a<2>, a base plate C being secured against ar internal shoulder B and carrying an inner casing or chassis on, or in which the electric apparatus is mounted, the casing being continued downwards at D to form a skirt.
Patent GB-1273927-A (GB)
Title: Hydrodynamic coupling or brake
IPC: F16D33/18
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1,273,927. Hydrodynamic coupling. VOITH TURBO K.G. 19 April, 1971 [7 Feb., 1970], No. 21214/71. Headings F2C and F2E. The blading 6 of at least one wheel of an hydrodynamic coupling or brake is formed by bending a metal strip into meander or sinusoidal shape to form an annular blade insert which is retained in a casing 3 by welding, sticking or brazing, particular powder brazing or powder bronze welding. The casing may be deep-drawn. The strip may be suitably cut and bent to produce curved blades or blades inclined to the axis.
Patent GB-171439-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in weighing machines
IPC: G01G23/00
Filed: 1920-07-14
Abstract: 171,439. Mathieu, M. July 14, 1920. Pendulumweight apparatus.-In pendulum-weight apparatus equal movements of the pendulum-lever are obtained for equal increments of load applied thereto, by applying the load to a band d passing over a disc or segment k centred at some distance from the pivot a of the pendulum-lever and adjustable bv means of three screws n. Specification 6723/14 is referred to.
Patent GB-263441-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for controlling traffic in streets
IPC: G08G1/09
Filed: 1926-08-30
Abstract: 263,441. Lindon, N. L., and Kinloch, W. L. Aug. 30, 1926. Road signals.-Comprises a central part a and has two wings b combined with means whereby such device may be attached to a traffic policeman. The wings b may be rigid with the part a as shown and hinged to the main part a at pivots, c, pins d on the wings being guided in arcuate slots e on the part a. Springs h are connected to studs on the parts a, b respectively and moveacross the pivot points to keep the wings in either horizontal or vertical position. The part a is provided with pairs of slots through which pass straps k for securing the device to the shoulders of a policeman. Cords i serve for operation of the wings b.
Patent GB-700738-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical control magnets
IPC: H01H51/06
Filed: 1952-08-25
Abstract: 700,738. Electromagnetic relays. VIGREN, S. D., BROBERG, W. O. W., and ZANDER, R. A. Aug. 25, 1952. No. 21329/52. Class 38(5) [Also in Group XXXV] The core 2 of a relay is supported by a magnetic bridge or yoke consisting of two parallel legs 1a, 1b connected at their ends to the core by slanting pieces 1c, 1d, Fig. 6. The core may comprise a portion 2a integral with the bridge and an additional portion 2b to increase its cross-sectional area. The armature comprises a tongue 4 and two legs 5a, 5b bent at an angle and pivotally abutting at the angle against the ends of the legs 1a, 1b and held in place there by a forked member 6 with outwardly-projecting portions 7a, 7b. The legs 5a, 5b each operate a stud 13 which is biased upwardly by a spring 14 and operates contact springs 11, 12. In operation, as the armature moves to the core, portions of it near to the pivotal axis may become saturated, the saturation then spreading to portions further from the axis.
Patent GB-213339-A (GB)
Abstract: 213,339. Yeowell, H. F., Mills, E. H., and Possee, W. F. Dec. 30, 1922. Systems, electric.-When, as at starting, the engine current from a battery is sent into the primary winding of a magneto, an auxiliary contact breaker is mounted on and actuated by the magneto. Its contacts D<1>, D<2> are separated against the action of the spring P by a cam H during the time that the points of the main contact breaker are open.
Patent GB-257628-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric starting and lighting sets for internal combustion engines
IPC: H02K23/52
Filed: 1926-08-30
Abstract: 257,628. M³nz, F. Aug. 31, 1925, [Convention date]. Machines with two or more armatures; rotary machines.-An electric starting motor for an internal-combustion engine which can also act to assist the engine, is arranged around the electric lighting generator, and both the motor and the generator are coupled directly to the crankshaft. The generator armature a and the motor armature c rotate together, and between them is disposed a fixed annular field structure b. The three cores a, b, c are laminated and are preferably stamped out of a single set of sheets. In the example shown, the field structure is provided with six internal poles for the generator and twelve external poles for the motor. The motor brushes r are carried by an iron plate s, and are held away from the commutator g by springs acting on the plate. An electromagnet u when energized attracts the plate s and causes the brushes r to bear upon the commutator q. The motor armature end plate g is formed as a single- or multi-stage blower h by means of which compressed air or gas mixture may be supplied to the engine. Preferably, the air is drawn in through the generator. The outer end of the armature shaft may be adapted to receive a starting handle.
Patent GB-584344-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of compositions comprising bitumen and cement
IPC: C08L95/00
Filed: 1944-11-02
Abstract: Compositions, particularly for floor-surfacing purposes, comprising cement and bituminous materials are prepared from an aqueous dispersion of the bituminous materials and one or more vulcanizable oils which, after vulcanization, is mixed with a hydraulic cement. The oil is preferably blown linseed oil, but rape, castor, tung, oiticica, or perilla oil may also be used. Wood chips, sawdust, and the like, filling or colouring materials such as brick dust, asbestos fibre, and iron oxide pigment, and film-forming binders such as natural or synthetic resins, may be added.  According to examples, (a) bitumen is heated to 200 DEG C. with blown linseed oil and after cooling to 150 DEG C. is stirred into a liquid heated to 95 DEG C. and composed of water, a wetting-agent, casein swollen in water, and ammonia; there is then added a mixture of water, casein, and a dispersion of sulphur, zinc oxide, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate, mercaptobenzthiazole, water, and a wetting-agent; after standing for 20 hours at 60 DEG C. to effect vulcanization, the solids content is reduced to 50 per cent. by the addition of water, and the mix is then mixed with water, Portland cement or a mix ture of Portland and aluminous cement, and wood chips or brick powder and asbestos fibre; (b) an aromatic petroleum residue is blended with blown linseed oil at a temperature of 160 DEG C. and after cooling is mixed with the ingredients of example (a); after vulcanization the mix is added to a mixture of water, Portland and aluminous cement, wood chips, and iron oxide pigment.
Patent GB-250458-A (GB)
Title: An emergency stopping device for motor and other vehicles
IPC: B60T1/14
Filed: 1925-08-27
Abstract: 250,458. Moore, W. Aug. 27, 1925. Skid; hand and other personal actuation.- Brake mechanism for arresting the movement of a vehicle in either direction comprises pairs of scotch blocks for engagement respectively with the front and rear wheels, each pair of blocks being controlled by a separate hand lever. Blocks 4 for engagement with the rear wheels are carried each bv an arm 3 secured to a common shaft 1 mounted on the vehicle frame. The shaft 1 has an arm connected by a rod 8 to the pivot of a hand lever 9. Blocks 24 for the front wheels are similarly connected by rod 28 to a hand lever 29 mounted on the pivot of the lever 9 and working in the same guide 11. The shaft of the forward blocks is cranked to clear the engine crank case.
Patent GB-757156-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in centrifugal electric switch mechanisms
IPC: H01H35/10
Filed: 1954-07-23
Abstract: 757,156. Centrifugal switches. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. July 23, 1954 [July 24, 1953], No. 21593/54. Class 38(5) A switch operating mechanism has a pair of pivoted weight members one on each side of a rotatable shaft, each weight member having two arms located one on each side of the shaft, a push collar slidably mounted on the shaft and biased by spring means to a first position, the collar having an annular flange for actuating the switch and a hub portion with a pair of projections connected to the flange, each projection having an axial slot arranged to receive inward projections formed on the ends of the arms of adjacent weight members, so that at a predetermined speed the collar is moved against the spring to a second position. As shown. a member 9 is secured to the shaft 35 and pivotally carries the weight members 15. The collar 22 is slidable on the shaft and is urged to the left, Fig. 3, by a spring 27. The axial slots 29 in the projection 28 on the collar communicate with circumferential slots 30 through which the projections 20 on weight members 15 are entered into the slots 29. As the weights fly out on increased speed, the collar is pressed to the right with a snap action so as to permit contacts (not. shown) to open, e.g. to disconnect a motor starting winding.
Patent GB-321151-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electro-mechanical apparatus such as sound reproducers or transmitters, oscillographs and the like
IPC: H03G5/08
Filed: 1928-07-25
Abstract: 321,151. Willams, P. W. July 25, 1928. Thermionic amplifiers ; filter circuits.-Electromechanical apparatus is connected to a thermionic valve circuit having a reaction circuit so controlled as to counteract distortion of wave form. To produce an equal velocity in the armature of an electromagnetic device from the same voltage e, Fig. 5, over a wide range of frequencies, an inductance L1 and a resistance R1 are connected in series with the coil A of the device. and the voltage across the combination is amplified by a resistance-capacity coupled stage D to produce phase reversal, and the resulting voltage is introduced in series with the driving voltage into the grid circuit E of a valve feeding the coil A. The corresponding circuit for an electrostatic device is shown in Fig. 8. The mechanical impedance of the stylus of a gramophone recorder may be largely increased by a circuit of the above type, and the mechanism made less robust than normal. According to modifications, any odd number of resistance-capacity amplifying-stages or a transformer are used for phase reversal; the resistances, inductances, and condensers, such as R1, r1 L1, Cl, producing the required amplification and phase displacement, are connected in the amplifier D ; the self-inductance L1 is replaced by a mutual inductance (Fig. 10, not shown); the inductance L1 and the resistance R1 in series are replaced by a condenser and resistance arrangement (Fig. 9, not shown); the electromechanical device consists of a microphone, a gramophone pick-up or the like; by applying to an electromagnetic system a reaction circuit of the type shown in connection with an electrostatic system and vice versa, a constant acceleration (Fig. 11, not shown) or constant amplitude in the vibrating member is produced by a constant input electromotive force (Fig. 12, not shown); a constant voltage or a constant velocity in the mechanical device is produced by a force 'directly or inversely proportional to the frequency ; by shunting the inductance L1 and the resistance R1 by a resistance, the effect of a term in the resistance of the electromagnetic device which increases as the square of the frequency, is neutralized, and the tendency of the amplifier to oscillate at an ultra-audible frequency is curbed; a constant current (Fig. 14, not shown) or a constant electromotive force (Fig. 13, not shown) is fed through a network of series and parallel elements to a remote element having a motional impedance, for example a transformer feeding an electromagnetic device (Fig. 15, not shown). Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 231,972.