Patent GB-1354311-A (GB)
Title: Organopolysiloxane copolymer useful as a surfactant
IPC: C08G77/46
Filed: 1971-05-03
Abstract: 1354311 Organopolysiloxanes GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 3 May 1971 [27 May 1970] 12820/71 Headings C3T C3R and C3S A liquid organopolysiloxane copolymer has the formula (1) wherein R and R<SP>2</SP> are each a monovalent C 1-10  hydrocarbon radical which may be substituted, R<SP>1</SP> and R<SP>3</SP> are each a divalent hydrocarbon radical which may be substituted and which may be linked to the (C n H 2n O) radical by an -O- group, an -OCO- group to the carbon atom of which the R<SP>1</SP> or R<SP>3</SP> radical is linked, or an -OCONH- group to the N-atom of which the R<SP>1</SP> or R<SP>3</SP> radical is linked, a is at least 4, b is at least 1, n = 2-4, x is at least 5. The copolymer (1) may be prepared in a first method by reacting a siloxane polymer (2) of formula with a polyalkylene glycol of formula Polymer (2) may be prepared by the hydrolysis and condensation of the silane (3) R 2 SiCl 2  with the silane (4) R 2 SiClR<SP>5</SP>CN where R<SP>5</SP> is equivalent to R<SP>3</SP> and is preferably an arylene or alkylene radical, to yield the compound (5) of formula (HO 2 CR<SP>5</SP>)R 2 SiO[R 2 SiO] a-1 (R 2 SiR<SP>5</SP>CO 2 H) which is then equilibrated with the cylic siloxanes (R 2 SiO) 4  and (HO 2 CR<SP>6</SP>RSiO) 4  where R<SP>6</SP> is equivalent to R<SP>1</SP> and is preferably an alkylene or arylene, in the presence of H 2 SO 4 . In a second method for preparing copolymer (1), a polysiloxane (6) of formula is reacted with either R<SP>7</SP>(NHCOO)(OC n H 2n ) x R<SP>2</SP>, (7) or R<SP>7</SP>O(OC n H 2n ) x R<SP>2</SP>, (8) or a polyether of the formula R<SP>4</SP>(C n H 2n O) x R<SP>2</SP> where R<SP>7</SP>, R<SP>4</SP> are unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted radical hydrocarbon radicals. Polysiloxane (6) is obtained by equilibrating a mixture of cyclic siloxanes of formulae (R 2 SiO) w  and (RHSiO) v  with R 2 SiOSiR 2  in the presence of H 2 SO 4 , where w are v and 3 or 4. Compounds (7) and (8) are prepared by reacting a polyethylene glycol monoether with R<SP>7</SP>NCO or R<SP>7</SP>OH. In example (1) a copolymer of formula is prepared by the first method, and in example (2) the copolymer of formula is prepared by the second method. The cyanoalkyldiorganochlorosilanes (4) are prepared by reacting a diorganochlorosilane R 2 SiHCl with either acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile or allylcyanide in the presence of a catalyst. The copolymer (1) can be used as a surfactant in both one and two step polyurethane foaming processes, the foam being prepared from conventional polyisocyanates Y(N = C = O) c  where Y is a polyvalent organic radical with a valency c of at least 2, polyester- or polyetherpolyols and water. The foam may be prepared by (i) rapidly mixing all the reactants together and allowing the mixture to foam, or (ii) by forming a prepolymer containing excess polyisocyanate by reacting the polyol and polyisocyanate, and then mixing the prepolymer with the other reactants such as water, tertiary amine catalyst, blowing agent, curing catalyst, e.g. tin salt and the polysiloxane copolymer (1) and allowing it to foam, or (iii) by reacting the polyisocyanate and a portion of the polyol to form a base resin and then adding the remainder of the polyol as well as the other ingredients and allowing the mixture to foam. Curing can be effected at room temperature or at an elevated temperature.