Patent GB-381168-A (GB)
Title: Method of improving the durability of nitrocellulose coating compositions and films
IPC: C09D101/18
Filed: 1931-06-19
Abstract: Nitrocellulose films are rendered more resistant to ultra-violet light present in sunlight by incorporating an organic salt of vanadium (including vanadyl), cerium, or titanium, which is compatible with the nitrocellulose and soluble in organic solvents, with or without a similar salt of iron, copper or cobalt.  Mixtures of vanadium salts with titanium or cerium salts may be used.  The films absorb ultra-violet light and may transmit, for example, only 10 per cent at 3130  ngstrom units or 25 per cent for the entire range present in sunlight.  The compositions may be clear lacquers, enamels, or plastics, and may form the connecting film in laminated glass.  The quantity of the organic salt may be 1 part to 4 parts of nitrocellulose, and should seldom exceed 1 part to 1 part of nitrocellulose; cerium and titanium salts are used in larger proportions than vanadium compounds, say 1 part to 1 or 2 parts of nitrocellulose.  Salts particularly suitable are those of a phthalic acid semi-ester or of an aliphatic or alicyclic acid, a drying-oil acid (linseed, chinawood), a semi or non-drying oil acid (castor-oil acid), and oleates, linoleates, naphthenates, resinates, abietates, ethylhydrogen-succinates, and benzoyl benzoates.  Phthalic acid semi-esters specified are those containing one of the following groups:--methyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, cetyl, cyclohexyl, a  - methylcyclohexyl, tetrahydrofurfuryl, b -ethoxyethyl, the residue of diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether, undecylenyl, and the castor-oil residue.  Individual salts specified are cerium methyl phthalate, vanadium n-butyl phthalate, vanadium methyl phthalate, ceric undecylenyl phthalate, ceric methylcyclohexyl phthalate, titanium n-butyl phthalate, ceric butyl phthalate, titanium, vanadium, and cerium benzylbenzoates, titanium ethyl succinate, vanadyl ethyl succinate, ceric abietate, ceric salts of chinawood oil acids, ferric butyl phthalate, ceric cyclohexyl phthalate, and ceric castor-oil phthalate.  Specification 380,518 is referred to.ALSO:Nitrocellulose coating-compositions or films are rendered more resistant to ultra-violet light present in sunlight by incorporating an organic salt of vanadium (including vanadyl), cerium, or titanium, which is compatible with the nitrocellulose and soluble in organic solvents, with or without a similar salt of iron, copper or cobalt.  Mixtures of vanadium salts with titanium or cerium salts may be used.  The films absorb ultra-violet light and may transmit, for example, only 10 per cent at 3130 Angstrom units or 25 per cent for the entire range present in sunlight.  The compositions may be clear lacquers, enamels, or plastics, and may form the connecting film in laminated glass. The quantity of the organic salt may be 1 part to 4 parts of nitrocellulose, and should seldom exceed 1 part to 1 part of nitrocellulose; cerium and titanium salts are used in larger proportions than vanadium compounds, say 1 part to 1 or 2 parts of nitrocellulose.  Salts particularly suitable are those of a phthalic acid semi-ester or of an aliphatic or alicyclic acid, a drying-oil acid (linseed, chinawood), a semi- or non-drying oil acid (castor-oil acid), and oleates, linoleates, naphthenates, resinates, abietates, ethyl-hydrogen-succinates, and benzoyl benzoates.  Phthalic acid semi-esters specified are those containing one of the following groups:--methyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, cetyl, cyclo-hexyl, a methylcylohexyl, tetrahydrofurfuryl, b -ethoxyethyl, the residue of diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether, undecylenyl, and the castor-oil residue.  Individual salts specified are cerium methyl phthalate, vanadium n-butyl phthalate, vanadium methyl phthalate, ceric undecylenyl phthalate, ceric methylcyclohexyl phthalate, titanium n-butyl phthalate, ceric butyl phthalate, titanium, vanadium, and cerium benzylbenzoates, titanium ethyl succinate, vanadyl ethyl succinate, ceric abietate, ceric salts of chinawood oil acids, ferric butyl phthalate, ceric cyclohexyl phthalate, and ceric castor-oil phthalate.  A suitable lacquer contains 20-25 per cent of nitrocellulose in a solvent mixture consisting of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, and alcohol; gums, alkyd resins (oil modified or not), softeners e.g. dibutyl phthalate, and pigments may be added; and the organic salt is then added, preferably in solution e.g. in toluene or butyl alcohol.  Cerium methyl phthalate is prepared by heating together a solution of methyl hydrogen phthalate in normal sodium hydroxide and a solution of cerium nitrate, separating and drying the precipitate, and extracting it with a mixture of equal quantities of toluene and butyl alcohol.  Vanadium n-butyl phthalate is prepared by allowing a mixture of n-butyl hydrogen phthalate and an excess of vanadium pentoxide with toluene and butyl alcohol to stand for 12 days, filtering, and evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure.  Vanadium methyl phthalate is prepared in a similar manner from methyl hydrogen phthalate.  Titanium n-butyl phthalate is prepared from sodium butyl phthalate and titanous chloride. Specification 380,518 is referred to.