baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2005102321-A (JP)
Title: Fm stereo transmitter
Inventor: ASHIDA HIROYUKI
IPC: H04B1/04
Filed: 2004-12-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce costs by decreasing the number of crystal oscillators to one in an FM stereo transmitter, and to prevent an FM broadcast band from being disturbed by higher harmonic waves from the reference oscillator of a PLL.  <P>SOLUTION: The FM stereo transmitter comprises means 12, 15 for converting an L-channel signal, an R-channel signal and a pilot signal into stereo composite signals. Frequency modulation means 16, C4-C6, R1-R3, L1, D1, D2 transmit modulated waves resulting from modulating the frequency of a carrier by the use of the stereo composite signals. An oscillator 2 is provided with an oscillation frequency that is divided to obtain 38kHz, and the frequency modulation means 16, C4-C6, R1-R3, L1, D1, D2 use PLL circuits 3-8 to control the frequency of the carrier by the use of the oscillation frequency. At the same time, the oscillation frequency is divided to obtain the pilot signal.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006163218-A (JP)
Title: Image display device, image display method, and program
Inventor: SAKAGUCHI YASUKI
IPC: H04N5/91
Filed: 2004-12-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique displaying an image corresponding to a display instruction from a user faster.  <P>SOLUTION: An image display device 1 is equipped with a 1st storage portion (HDD 3a etc.) and a 2nd storage portion (RAM 3b etc.). The image display device 1 selects an image (e.g. a bracket photographed image) etc., photographed under a designated condition as an object image of preread processing out of a plurality of images stored in the 1st storage portion, reads the object image out of the 1st storage portion prior to a display instruction from the user, and previously transfers and stores it in the 2nd storage portion.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006160176-A (JP)
Title: Power supply system for vehicle
Inventor: ASAKURA TOSHIYUKI
IPC: H02J7/00
Filed: 2004-12-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply system for a vehicle capable of enhancing its battery exhaustion preventing function by incorporating the possibility of selecting which should be taken in priority, the battery exhaustion preventing function or other functions.  <P>SOLUTION: The power supply system for the vehicle to supply the power to a plurality of loads within the vehicle from a battery 1 mounted in the vehicle is equipped with a residual capacity calculating means 4 to calculate the residual capacity of the battery 1, a shutoff means 8 to shut off the power to a load 70, and a battery managing means 4 supplied with power at all times from the battery and to drive the shutoff means 8 when the residual capacity of the battery 1 has lowered to or below the reference value, wherein the load 70 includes a communication means 73 capable of exchanging communications with the battery managing means 4 and being connected with a user's terminal unit 80 for signal reception and transmission, and the battery managing means 4 transmits a message for inquiring whether the shutoff means 8 should be driven or not, to the terminal unit 80 via the communication means 73 when the residual capacity has lowered to or below the reference value.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006169279-A (JP)
Title: Fuel oil composition for diesel engine
Inventor: FUKUMOTO MASAHIRO
IPC: C10L1/08
Filed: 2004-12-13
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel oil composition for diesel engines having excellent solubility of a fluidity improver and a sufficient ability to descend the cold filter plugging point.  <P>SOLUTION: The fuel oil composition for the diesel engines comprises (A) 100 pts.wt. of a synthetic gas oil and (B) 0.0001-0.1 pt.wt. of an ester compound. (A) The synthetic gas oil contains ≥98 wt.% of a 5-30C paraffin in (60/40) to (10/90) weight ratio of an n-paraffin to an isoparaffin in the paraffin and has 2-50 wt.% content of a 22-30C isoparaffin in the isoparaffin. (B) The ester compound is obtained by reacting a 1- to a 6-valent alcohol (b-1) having an oxyalkylene group in the molecule with a 16-30C straight-chain saturated fatty acid (b-2) and has 500-5,000 molecular weight. The oxyalkylene group is a 2-4C oxyalkylene group containing ≥75 mol% of an oxyethylene group and the number of mol m of the oxyalkylene group and the number of valence n of the alcohol bear the relationship of n≤m≤60/n.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006173237-A (JP)
Title: Heat sink mounting structure for semiconductor element
Inventor: CHIGA SHOTARO
IPC: H05K7/20
Filed: 2004-12-14
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely and easily mount a semiconductor element to a heat sink by using a shrinkable tube in a heat sink mounting structure for a semiconductor element.  <P>SOLUTION: The semiconductor element 1 is fixed with a heat-shrinkable tube 3 having insulation properties by being brought into contact with the heat sink 2 having a heat radiation function. When the terminal face of the semiconductor element 1 is made as a bottom face, one face of the peripheral side faces becomes a contact pressure face to be brought into contact with the heat sink 2. A slit-like notch 2a, in which one end is opened at the end line of the heat sink 2, is formed to both sides of the fixing part 2c for the semiconductor element 1 in the heat sink 2. The heat-shrinkable tube 3 is arranged so as to surround the outer periphery of the semiconductor element 1 and the fixing part 2c of the heat sink 2 through the notch 2a, in a state of bringing the contact pressure face of the semiconductor element 1 into contact with the heat sink 2. The heat-shrinkable tube 3 is shrunk by the application of heat. Consequently, the contact face of the semiconductor element 1 can be surely fixed in a state of being brought into contact with the fixing part 2c of the heat sink 2.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2005177862-A (JP)
Title: Laser welding method and device
Inventor: MENIN ROBERTO
IPC: B23K26/10
Filed: 2004-12-14
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laser welding method and a device therefor where a laser head is kept at a fixed distance from a structure to be welded, and a laser beam can be focused on different parts in the structure to be welded without changing the position of the laser head by a process ensuring high welding quality, and simple and effective owing to the remarkable shortening of production time.  <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of stretches T of laser weld are practiced on a structure to be welded by means of a device 16 for focusing and orientation of the laser beam, which is associated to a component element 13 of a manipulator robot 1. The focusing head is kept in the proximity of, but not closely adjacent to, the different areas to be welded and can consequently follow a simplified path (R), whilst the device 16 for orientation of the laser beam aims the latter on the different areas of the structure to be welded, so that the speed of travel of the laser beam spot along the longitudinal direction of the weld stretch is independent from the speed of travel of the robot end element.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006169363-A (JP)
Title: Ink set and inkjet recording method
Inventor: SHIROTA KATSUHIRO
IPC: C09D11/00
Filed: 2004-12-15
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ink set satisfying the problem of print through in a medium to be recorded while improving the problem of bleeding which is a large problem when printing on a plain paper by an inkjet method without immolating either of fixity and color development, enabling high-speed printing, and providing good printed letters even if continuous printing is carried out; and to provide an inkjet recording method using the ink set.  <P>SOLUTION: The ink set usable for the inkjet recording method involving imparting a pigment ink after previously imparting a reaction liquid to the medium to be recorded is regulated so that the coagulation-starting concentration when the ink is mixed with the reaction liquid is within the range from 100:1 to 100:5 expressed by a mixed ratio of the ink to the reaction liquid by weight. The inkjet recording method uses the set.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2005191005-A (JP)
Title: Device and method for driving lamp of liquid crystal display
Inventor: KANG JAE KYUNG
IPC: H05B41/24
Filed: 2004-12-16
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for driving a lamp of a liquid crystal display promoting reliability and safety of a lamp electrode part.  <P>SOLUTION: The lamp driving device comprises a number of lamps arranged so as to have a prescribed distance between them, a power supply part supplying power to the many lamps, a comparator comparing a voltage of a first lamp out of the many lamps and a standard voltage and outputting the compared value, and a power breaking part breaking the power source of the first lamp generating an erroneous discharge in accordance with the result of the comparison.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006167602-A (JP)
Title: Water clarification implement
Inventor: TSUEMURA KAZUNORI
IPC: B01J20/04
Filed: 2004-12-16
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water clarification implement capable of simply and effectively clarifying contaminated water discharged from ordinary homes, plants or else by recycling asphalt waste material as industrial waste.  <P>SOLUTION: The water clarification implement 20 is formed into a cylindrical shape having a hollow part 20a, is formed with the heat-treated asphalt waste material 1 having an arbitrary shape and calcareous addition particles 2 such as shell and sand incorporated among the asphalt waste materials 1, is stored in a water-permeable vessel such as wire-cylinder and is used. Otherwise, the asphalt waste material 1 and calcareous addition particles 2 is preferably used in the state of powder and granular material other than a formed article.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006170830-A (JP)
Title: Imaging element inspection device
Inventor: FUJITA YOSHIYUKI
IPC: H01L27/148
Filed: 2004-12-16
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an imaging element inspection device capable of inspecting a response of an imaging element to modulated light.  <P>SOLUTION: Light emitted from a light source passes an adjustable color filter, a color temperature filter, and an ND filter and is adjusted to light of predetermined color and intensity. The light of the predetermined color and intensity is radiated to the imaging element by a projection lens, and the performance of the imaging element is inspected. The light source is controlled by a signal synchronized with scan of one field or one frame of the imaging element, and the light source lights up for a predetermined time in one field or one frame.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006172642-A (JP)
Title: Optical pickup adjustment method and apparatus
Inventor: FURUTA HIROKAZU
IPC: G11B7/08
Filed: 2004-12-17
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an adjustment method and apparatus which enable the constitution of an optical pickup to be simplified by correcting the initial tilt of an objective lens without adjusting an position of an actuator, and moreover dispense with an adjusting apparatus having a moving shaft.  <P>SOLUTION: An objective lens 5 is held at a certain fixed position, and an amount of the initial tilt of the lens 5 is detected in that state, and an inclination is given to a lens holder 6 with the same angle and the same direction as those of the initial tilt of the lens 5 with the use of a tilt control function of the holder 6, and the lens 5 and the holder 6 are fixed while the inclination of the holder 6 is maintained as it is, and thus the initial tilt of the lens 5 can be easily corrected, so that the constitution of an optical pickup base and the actuator can be simplified and miniaturized, and moreover, the productivity can be improved by removing defects resulting from adhesives.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2005203362-A (JP)
Title: Plasma generation electrode and plasma reactor
Inventor: FUJIOKA YASUMASA
IPC: H05H1/24
Filed: 2004-12-17
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plasma generation electrode that generate stable plasma with small input energy between unit electrodes facing each other to uniformly form a partially intensive electric field.  <P>SOLUTION: The plasma generation electrode 1 has at least two unit electrodes 2 facing each other which can generate plasma by applying potential between the unit electrodes 2. At least one of the unit electrodes 2 facing each other has a plate like ceramic dielectric body 3, and a plurality of electroconductive films 4 disposed in the ceramic dielectric body 3 with a predetermined space therebetween in the film thickness direction. At least a sheet in the plurality of conductive films 4 forming the unit electrodes 2 has a plurality of through holes 5 that are formed passing through the thickness direction thereof. Thus the plasma generation electrode 1 is configured.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006176173-A (JP)
Title: Displaying means for package
Inventor: SUZUKI KENJI
IPC: B65D85/57
Filed: 2004-12-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for instantaneously making information displayed on a surface of a package corresponding to a changing situation every moment.  <P>SOLUTION: In the package of a recording medium, for example, by utilizing the fact that recently, a technique which reads a two-dimensional bar code by a cellular phone and accesses the Internet, becomes popular, a code detectable by the cellular phone is printed on the surface of the package, to access the Internet by using the information detected by the cellular phone, and changing information such as the latest information on comformable models on a recording regenerating apparatus and a printer which can be used for the recording medium, is acquired.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006179371-A (JP)
Title: Operation panel unit
Inventor: KOIKE KAZUMUNE
IPC: H01H13/02
Filed: 2004-12-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To drastically reduce the number of components without requiring a fixing housing to a body-side casing, in an operation panel unit where an operation button and a translucent part are formed into an integrated unit.  <P>SOLUTION: This operation panel unit is composed of: an operation panel plate 6 having a push-button operation piece 2 on its front face and the translucent part 4 lit by an LED lamp 19 on the back face side thereof; and a lens plate 7 fixed to its back face side and made of a transparent ABS resin having elasticity. At the back face position of the translucent part 4 of the operation panel plate 6, a lens part 15 for condensing the light of the LED lamp 19 is formed; and at the back face position of the push-button operation piece 2 supported to the operation panel plate 6, a guide part 17 of the push-button operation piece for longitudinally guiding the push-button operation piece 2 is formed. At the bottom part of the guide part 17, an elastic piece 17c is formed by cutting out the back face into a U-shaped form; and a tip of the push-button operation piece 2 contacts the front face side of the elastic piece 17c; and a switch head part 20a of a tact switch 20 contacts the back face side thereof.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006049801-A (JP)
Title: Corrosion-resistant magnet and its manufacturing method
Inventor: KOBAYASHI HIROSHI
IPC: H01F1/09
Filed: 2004-12-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a corrosion-resistant magnet capable of preventing corrosion while restoring a magnet surface after machining in a rare earth magnet, and to provide its manufacturing method.  <P>SOLUTION: An inactive phase including at least one of a plurality of kinds of elements constituting the rare earth magnet is provided on the surface of the rare earth magnet. The inactive phase is inactivated by exciting the surface and chemically changing an active phase on the surface. The inactive phase contains at least one kind of rare earth metal elements and transition metal elements constituting the rare metal magnet.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006184154-A (JP)
Title: Instrument device
Inventor: SATO NAOKI
IPC: B60K35/00
Filed: 2004-12-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an instrument device having a high anti-clouding effect and no residual flow impression of an anti-clouding film on a perspective member.  <P>SOLUTION: An instrument 15 displays a physical quantity showing the vehicle state. A case body 11 stores the instrument 15. The perspective member 13 comprising a translucent resin is provided on the front side of the instrument 15. The anti-clouding film 30 including a nonionic surfactant is formed on the perspective member 13. The nonionic surfactant comprises some of a fatty acid ester type, a sugar ester type, an alcohol type, an alkylphenol type and an alkylamine type. The nonionic surfactant has an HLB value higher than 5 and lower than 10.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006185545-A (JP)
Title: Magnetic disk and magnetic disk apparatus provided with the same
Inventor: AKAMATSU MANABU
IPC: G11B5/65
Filed: 2004-12-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic disk wherein the eccentricity of a magnetic track can be easily measured, the accuracy of the positioning of a magnetic head can be enhanced, access is accelerated in time and recording density can be enhanced, and to provide a disk apparatus provided with the same.  <P>SOLUTION: The magnetic disk of the magnetic disk apparatus is provided with a flat disk-like substrate having a center hole and a recording region wherein a pattern is formed by the existence of a magnetic body. The recording region has a data recording region 58 provided between the center hole and an edge, an annular landing region 57 formed on the outer peripheral side of the data recording region and a plurality of servo regions 60. The data recording region is extended in the circumferential direction of the substrate and has a plurality of magnetic tracks disposed at prescribed pitches in the radial direction of the substrate. The recording region has a plurality of recognition tracks formed concentrically with the magnetic tracks and provided in the radial direction at pitches which are longer than these of the magnetic tracks of the data recording region and can be viewed.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006182546-A (JP)
Title: Device for getting on and off high-lift working vehicle
Inventor: KOBAYASHI KUNINORI
IPC: B66F11/04
Filed: 2004-12-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for getting on and off a high-lift working vehicle, for reducing traffic obstruction by holding down the protruded amount of a step when pulled out, to minimize a gap between a roadside wall and the vehicle.  <P>SOLUTION: The device for getting on and off the high-lift working vehicle has the step 20 through which a worker gets on and off the working bench installed at the front end of a boom after storing the boom freely moving up and down and mounted on the vehicle. It comprises a base 10 placed on the vehicle and interposed between the working bench and the ground, and having a level difference 12 which he can get on and off from the outside of the vehicle, side walls 14 on both sides thereof and a guide hole 14a vertically opening along the inclination of the level difference, and the step 20 installed in a ladder form on the front face of the level difference 12 between the side walls 14 of the level difference 12, having both upper end sides pivotally supported by a pin 22 and slidable along the guide hole 14a, and having the lower end locked and fixed to the lower part of the level difference 12, and suspended extending from the level difference 12 with the upper end slid along the guide hole 14a and the lower end moved down after unlocking operation.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006186928-A (JP)
Title: Line scanner
Inventor: HIROSE KAZUNORI
IPC: H04N1/10
Filed: 2004-12-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a line scanner in which an LED illumination can be made small in size and large in light quantity simultaneously.  <P>SOLUTION: A line type CCD 14 is utilized for the present line scanner, an indirect illumination is achieved by reflecting light emitted from an illumination unit 12 on a reflecting mirror 13, and illumination non-uniformity or illumination capturing can be easily prevented. An inexpensive and small-sized line scanner that may be disposed within a limited height space is demanded in recent years and in order to achieve said purpose, the illumination unit 12 includes first and second LED groups 20 and 30 of a front line and an LED group 40 of a rear line linearly arrayed along with the extending direction of the reflecting mirror 13. The light emitted from the third LED group 40 of the rear line passes through a gap A1 formed between the first and second LED groups of the front line and reaches the reflecting mirror 13.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2006181290-A (JP)
Title: Bathtub apparatus
Inventor: KITACHI NORIYUKI
IPC: A47K3/00
Filed: 2004-12-28
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bathtub apparatus capable of extending a time required for lowering a moisture content of the keratin after taking a bath, providing a person after taking the bath with an enough time for leisurely caring the skin with face lotion with the skin state moisturized, improving the moisturizing effect and improving the skin into moisturized one.  <P>SOLUTION: This bathtub apparatus is provided with an oxygen enriched air supply means 2 supplying oxygen enriched air including oxygen with higher concentration than the oxygen concentration in air into bathwater W in a bathtub 1. The amount of dissolved oxygen in the bathwater is retained to 7-13 ml/L by the oxygen enriched air supply means 2 supplying the oxygen enriched air into the bathwater in the bathtub 1.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Patent JP-2005533300-A (JP)
Title: 認識番号を構成するための方法および装置
IPC: G06F12/14
Filed: 2003-04-25
Abstract: 電子ＩＤ番号を生成するための方法及び装置であり、少なくとも一つの物理ビット素子（１０２）を少なくとも第一及び第二の物理ビット素子群（１０２Ａ、１０２Ｂ）の各々の中から変更することを含み、各群の各物理ビット素子の各々は第一の電気状態を有する信号を生成できる第一の物理的状態を有するとともに第二の電気状態を有する信号を生成できる第二の物理的状態へ永続的な変更が可能であって、且つ、（ｉ）それぞれの少なくとも第一及び第二の物理的ビット素子群（１０２Ａ、１０２Ｂ）の各々から発しているそれぞれの信号と（ｉｉ）１ビットのＩＤ番号は有効であるかどうかを示すバリディティ信号（ＩＮＶ）を生成することが含まれたものである。
Patent JP-2005534532-A (JP)
Title: 溝付き切断エッジを備えた切断工具
IPC: B23D61/12
Filed: 2003-07-07
Abstract: 金属製の基部（１１０）と、基部（１１０）のエッジ（１２８）に沿って提供された複数の切断歯（１４０）とを有する切断工具（１００）であって、少なくとも１つの切断歯（１４０）はその切断エッジ（１６０）に少なくとも１つの切込部（１５０）を有している。工具（１００）は切断歯（１４０）の切断エッジ（１６０）内に工具（１００）に沿った切込部（１５０）を提供することで製造される。
Patent JP-2005535332-A (JP)
Title: 結節性硬化症の診断法および治療法
IPC: C12Q1/42
Filed: 2003-08-12
Abstract: 本発明は、TSCシグナル伝達経路における異常を同定するための組成物および方法に関する。特に本発明は、TSC遺伝子における変異によって引き起こされる、結節性硬化症のような疾患を、診断および治療するための方法に関する。さらに本発明は、TSCシグナル伝達疾患によって仲介される癌を治療するための方法および組成物に関する。
Patent JP-2005536029-A (JP)
Title: １つのｍｅｍｓスイッチにおける電極の構成
IPC: B81B3/00
Filed: 2003-08-13
Abstract: １つのシグナルコンタクト（７８）と、１つの作動用電極（７６）と、１つの電圧が作動用電極に印加される時にシグナルコンタクトと接触する１つの梁（８０）とを備える１つのマイクロ電子機械システム（ＭＥＭＳ）スイッチ。シグナルコンタクトは、１つの第１部分および１つの第２部分を備える。作動用電極は、シグナルコンタクトの第１部分と第２部分と間に位置する。
Patent JP-2006507376-A (JP)
Title: ポリプロピレンフィルムグレード樹脂製造のためのｎ−ブチルメチルジメトキシシランを用いる重合触媒系
IPC: C08F110/06
Filed: 2003-08-28
Abstract: 本発明では、チ−グラ−ナッタ触媒に対する外部電子供与体としてｎ−ブチルメチルジメトキシシラン（ＢＭＤＳ）を使用すれば、改良された性質を有するポリプロピレンフィルムを製造し得る触媒系が得られることが発見された。本発明の触媒系は制御された主鎖欠陥／欠陥分布、かくして規制されたマイクロタクチシチ−を与える。結果として、貯蔵モジュラス（Ｇ´）対温度の曲線は、フィルムが高速テンタ−を経るポリプロピレンフィルムのより速い生産を可能にする同一の貯蔵モジュラスを、より低温において達成するように、シフトする。
Patent JP-2006501617-A (JP)
Title: 光の外部結合を改善した電界発光ディスプレイ
IPC: G02F1/00
Filed: 2003-09-23
Abstract: フルカラー電界発光ディスプレイを開示し、そのディスプレイは、共通の基体及び共通の基体上に配置された電界発光デバイスの配列を含み、ここで前記電界発光デバイスの各々は、第一及び第二の電極の間に挟まれる電界発光層、電界発光層によって放出された光を、より長い波長を有する光に変化させることが可能である色変換材料、及び２ｎ＋１個の透明な誘電体の層のスタックを含み、ここでｎ＝０，１，２，３，…であり、前記透明な誘電体の層は、交互に入れ替わる屈折率ｎを示す。電界発光ディスプレイは、改善された光の外部結合を示す。