Patent GB-1139253-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to data conversion apparatus
Inventor: STANESBY ARTHUR OWEN
IPC: G05B19/416
Filed: 1966-06-04
Abstract: 1,139,253. Data conversion apparatus; machine tool control. FERRANTI Ltd. 1 Sept., 1967 [4 June, 1966], No. 24997/66. Heading G4A. [Also in Division G3] Data conversion apparatus includes a number store, sign-representing means for representing the sign of the number held in the store, input means for algebraically adding to the number held in the store, in dependence on the sign of the stored number, as so represented, a further number as represented in value and sign by an input signal, timing means for defining repetitive time periods of equal duration, distributing means operable after each such addition for reading out the number then in the store to provide a like number of output pulses spaced substantially uniformly over one such time period, and sense-indicating means for causing the said output pulses to represent the sign of the number held in said store. As shown (Fig. 1) a system for producing substantially evenly spaced pulses for controlling for example a machine tool comprises an eight-stage binary counter store 13 with a sign indicating bi-stable stage 36, a distributer counter 26 also of 8-stages and an input punched or magnetic tape 10 carrying representations in three channels of the sign and magnitude of the second order differences (changes of velocity) between successive positions of the tool. In operation on receiving a read signal from the distributer 26 as it passes through its all zero state, a 3-bit signal is read from a stage 14 associated with a read head 12 and a corresponding number of pulses are applied to the add or subtract input of the store counter 13. The stages of distributer 26 and store 13 are interconnected in inverse order by AND gates G7/0, G6/1 &c. so that as the distributer 26 is counted up through all its states by pulses B from a pulse generator 37 a pulse is passed to an OR-gate 27 whenever a stage of distributer 26 changing from 0 to 1 coincides with a stage of store 13 in its 1-state. These pulses (equal in number to the number in store 13 and substantially evenly spaced) are passed by gates 33 or 34 for forward or backward movement of the machine tool according to the setting of the bi-stable stage 36. Stage 36 is set initially by the sign of the first signal read from the tape 10. The gate 35 which is opened by the all zero state of store 13 thus closes and remains closed as long as the tool is moving. The tool must be brought to rest (store 13 zero) before the direction of movement may be reversed. Having changed the state of stage 36 the connections of cross-over switch 25 are reversed, as well as the states of gates 33 and 34. Signals for two coordinates (6 channels) may be accommodated with difficulty on normal tape; a store 13 being required for each co-ordinate but distributer 26 and pulse generator 37 being shared. In a system for controlling a tool in 3 co-ordinates (Fig. 4, not shown) signals on the tape say for the X and Y co-ordinates are alternated with signals relating to the Z co-ordinate and a check function F, the check function (produced by the computer producing the tape 10) being such that a pulse counter incremented by the sum of the X, Y and Z output pulses and decremented by pulses produced in response to the check function is maintained substantially at zero (the check output pulses being weighted by a factor of 4 for convenience). The counter 26 may be counted down instead of up. In an arrangement (Fig. 6, not shown) for enabling larger steps than 3 to be made to the value of store 13, a two part store is provided, one part being incremented or decremented to the required new value during one of said repetitive time periods and then transferred in parallel to the other part for co-operation with the distributer 26 as described above in the next succeeding time period. The sign stage 36 is also in two parts. The output pulses may be used to phase modulate a reference signal (Fig. 3, not shown) if this is required by the tool control. Data may be fed direct to stage 14 from a computer. In a modified embodiment (Fig. 5) in which the counters 13 and 26 are replaced by two n-digit circulating stores 61 and 71, the contents of store 61 are added into store 71 2<SP>n</SP> times during each of said repetitive time periods and an output pulse is generated on line 31 whenever overflow occurs. The number in store 61 is the complement of the required velocity for backward movement of the tool. Shift registers may be used for the stores.