Patent GB-344510-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, ribbons, films and other artificial products
IPC: C08L1/00
Filed: 1929-12-07
Abstract: Artificial filaments, yarns, threads, ribbons, films, and like products of reduced or modified lustre are prepared from solutions of water-insoluble cellulose derivatives or of cellulose derivatives or complexes that are converted chemically into a water-insoluble form, the solutions containing also organic fibrous material in a finely divided state.  The term "organic fibrous material" includes the substances constituting artificial fibres, but these substances are used only with spinning solutions having a different base; thus, suitable spinning solutions may comprise finely divided regenerated cellulose suspended in a cellulose ester solution or a cellulose ester or ether suspended in viscose.  Suitable natural fibrous materials are cotton, linen, straw, wood, silk, wool, and husks of wheat or rice.  The reduction of the fibrous materials to the necessary finely divided state, which is such that a particle size of the order of ,003-,006 mm. is attained, may be effected by dry grinding or by grinding in the presence of water, acetone or other liquid used for dissolving the viscose, cellulose acetate or other base, which may also be present during the grinding.  Cotton or other fibrous cellulosic materials may also be treated with mineral or organic acids or acid salts until a friable mass is obtained, which may then be ground.  Artificial fibrous materials may be finely subdivided by atomizing their solutions into a drying or coagulating medium; for example, viscose solution may be atomized into a hot atmosphere containing hydrogen chloride.  The solutions containing the finely divided fibrous materials may be worked up by the usual methods.  For example, viscose solution containing an organic fibrous material in suspension may be extruded into baths containing dilute or strong mineral acids or organo-mineral acids, (cf. Specifications 335,894 and 338,989, [both in Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.]), or salts or acid salts, with or without oils, sulphonated oils, or glycerine. Again, a cellulose acetate solution containing organic fibrous material in suspension may be extruded into an evaporative atmosphere or into a coagulating bath containing alcohols, hydrocarbons, or aqueous coagulating agents, or into the coagulating liquids described in Specifications 177,868, 179,234, [both in Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], 340,324, 340,325, 340,436, and 340,437.  When fibrous materials such as cotton or regenerated cellulose or wool are incorporated into a solution of a cellulose ester, products having an affinity for substantive cotton dyes and acid dyes may be obtained; similarly, when a cellulose ester or ether is incorporated into viscose, products having an affinity for dispersed insoluble colours may result.  Filaments or yarns produced as described above may be twisted, woven or knitted with normal fibres of regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivatives or cotton, silk, or wool.  The manufacture of products from solutions of cellulose nitrate, formate, propionate and butyrate, from ammoniacal copper solutions of cellulose, and from solutions of methyl, ethyl and benzyl is referred to.