Patent GB-757740-A (GB)
Title: Stable aqueous emulsions of the oil-in-water type containing as binding agents hardenable aminoplasts and natural or synthetic rubber and process for making them
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1954-01-15
Abstract: An aqueous emulsion of the oil-in-water type comprises (1) in one inner phase a natural or synthetic rubber, (2) in another inner phase a hardenable water-insoluble aminoplast soluble in organic solvents and modified with an alcohol whose solubility in water does not exceed that of n-butanol, and (3) an outer phase containing acid casein.  The emulsion may be used for treating textile fabric, leather or paper or for applying pigment dyestuffs to textiles. Specified synthetic rubbers are aqueous emulsions obtained from butadiene, isoprene, dimethylbutadiene or chloroprene or copolymers of these compounds with acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate or styrene. Specified aminoplasts are condensates obtained from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea, guanidine, biuret, dicyandiamide, melamine or benzoguanamine and specified modifying alcohols are butanol, amyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, cyclohexanol and benzyl alcohol.  The casein may be solubilized with borax, ammonia, caustic soda, triethanolamine or morpholine and it may be protected against the action of formaldehyde by adding a hydro-tropic carbamide, e.g. urea, thiourea or formamide and/or by treating it with ethylene oxide.  The emulsions may also contain pigments, filling materials, softening agents, vulcanizing agents, hardening agents, agents imparting hydrophobic properties, stabilizers, antioxidants or thickening agents, e.g. tragacanth. In examples (1) acid casein is dissolved in water containing borax, triethanolamine and ammonia and into this solution there is emulsified a solution in cyclo hexanol of dimethylol urea etherified with cyclohexanol; the emulsion is mixed with a latex containing a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile; (2) a solution in butanol of a butylated melamineformaldehyde condensate is emulsified in an aqueous solution containing acid casein (free from lactalbumen), urea, thiourea and borax.  After adding ammonia and water the emulsion is evaporated and added to a natural rubber latex.  The product is diluted with water and ammonium thiocyanate solution and is used to impregnate cotton; (3) to the melamine resin emulsion of Example (2) is added an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile. After adding a benzene-in-water emulsion or tragacanth the product may be used for fixing pigments, e.g. titanium white, iron oxide, carbon black, azo pigments or phthalocyanine derivatives on textiles; (4) a solution in butanol of a butylated urea-formaldehyde resin is emulsified with an aqueous solution of acid casein, urea, thiourea and borax and after adding ammonia and water the emulsion is evaporated and added to a latex of a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile.  The product is mixed with tragacanth, ammonium thiocyanate solution and a pigment dyestuff and is used to print fabrics; (5) an aqueous solution of acid casein, borax, and ammonia is treated with ethylene oxide and emulsified with a butylated melamine-formaldehyde condensate. The emulsion is mixed with a latex containing sodium oleate and a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile and after adding diammonium phosphate dries to a hard film; (6) an aqueous solution containing acid casein, morpholine, urea and foramide is emulsified with a solution in butyl alcohol of a butylated urea-formaldehyde condensate and mixed with a latex containing a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile.ALSO:Textile fabrics are treated with an oil-in-water emulsion comprising, in the inner phase, a natural or synthetic rubber and a hardenable water-insoluble aminoplast soluble in organic solvents and modified with an alcohol whose solubility in water does not exceed that of n-butanol and, in the outer phase acid caein.  In examples (2) a cotton fabric is given a dressing which is fast to washing by first impregnating it with an aqueous emulsion containing natural rubber latex, a butanolmodified melamine-formaldehyde condensate, acid casein free from lactalbumen, urea, thiourea, borax, ammonia and ammonium thiocyanate, and thereafter drying and steaming the fabric; (4) artificial silk or staple film of regenerated cellulose is given a matt effected or coloured by first impregnating it with an aqueous emulsion containing a butadene-acrylonitrile latex, a butanol-modified urea-formaldehyde condensate, acid casein, urea, thiourea, borax, tragacanth, ammonium thiocyanate and either titan white or a coloured pigment, and thereafter steaming or heating to 140-200 DEG C.