Patent GB-191205237-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with Aerial Machines.
Inventor: PAYART EUGENE
IPC: B64C23/00
Filed: 1912-03-01
Granted: 1913-01-30
Abstract: 5237. Payart, E. March 1. Aerial machines with and without aerostats; parachutes.-Aerial machines comprise a central vertical open-ended cylinder a, the walls being partly covered with fabric a*, and a surrounding circular, elliptical, or polygonal framework b wholly or partly covered with fabric x and inflated or not with hydrogen, one or more lifting-propellers f are placed inside or above the cylinder, and horizontal propellers i<3> are placed in the car, which is detachable from the superstructure. All the parts of the framework are detachable. Horizontal steering is effected by a rudder i<4> or hand - operated propellers. The landing-gear l is detachable. Anchoring- cords m are fitted. The descent is regulated by valves k in the cylinder and a cone d therein deflects the down-draught of air from the car. Framework; planes, arrangement and construction of; cars.-The central cylinder of the machine is built up of vertical rods a detachably secured to a series of flat rings a<1>, a<2>, a<3>, a<4>, a<5>, Figs. 3 and 7, or to a series of double rings, Fig. 14. In the case of the flat ring a<2>, the rods a are passed through sleeves c formed with sockets c<1>, c<2> for external radial rods band internal radial rods b* respectively, which support the propeller shaft e through the intermediary of a piece having a central bearing c*<1> and four horizontal sockets c*<2>. The sleeve c is passed through the ring a<2> secured to the rods a, b, b* by screwed bolts. The rods b are stayed to the rings a', a<3> by adjustable wires b<2> with spring hooks b<5> fitting into eyes b<4> on a socket b<3>. When double rings a<1> &c. are used instead of flat rings, Fig. 14, the rods a are passed between the rings, and the whole is bound up with a clip c and spring pins c<3>. The rods b fit into sockets c<1> on the clip and a bolt c<5> is passed through the rings a<2> and rods a. The tie-wires b<2> are replaced in this modification by rods b<2> fitting into sockets secured to a central socket b<3> bolted to the rods b. The rods bare connected by tangential wires or straight or curved rods b<1> secured to the sockets b<3> by additional sockets b<4> in the same manner as are the rods b<2>. The car is connected to the rods a by making the ring a<4> in two parts and connecting the parts by a plate a<7> and bolts a<8>. The framework, made up of the cylinder, the rods b, and ties b<1>, b<2>, is wholly or partly covered with fabric x, a* to form the planes. A dome d is fixed in the cylinder above the car to protect the occupants from the down-draught of the propellers. A plane i<7> is used to prevent the apparatus from rotating. Propelling.-A single lifting-propeller f may be used, as shown in Fig. 3, above the cylinder. In another form, the propeller is placed within the casing. Further, more than one propeller may be used inside the casing. Or again, as shown in Fig. 18, one propeller may be in the casing and the other above the car. The propeller is driven through the gearing shown in Fig. 3, a clutch g<3> controlled by oscillating a steering-pillar h being used. One or more horizontal propellers are driven by the same or a separate engine through a friction clutch i<2> operated through a pedal i<2>***. Anchoring; shock of landing, deadening. - Wires m with rings m<1> are used for anchoring the machine. Spring skids l or a spring cushion are provided, rigidly or detachably secured to the machine. Steering and balancing.-The rudder i<4> is operated by cables h<2>, Fig. 3, passing round a pulley h<4> which is rotated through the handwheel h<6>. Horizontal steering is effected alternatively by rotating manually propellers or paddle-wheels at the sides of the machine. The descent is regulated by means of valves k normally held in a vertical position against the action of springs k<1> by depressing a pedal k<4>. When the pedal is released, the valves close the opening in the cylinder. The valves may be dispensed with when a number of propellers are employed in the cylinder. Aerostats.-The framework in the modification shown in Fig. 18 is covered with canvas and is provided with annular or other shaped balloons b**.