baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-118606-A (GB)
Title: Producing Crystalline Alumina.
IPC: C01F7/30
Filed: 1918-07-11
Abstract: 118,606. Norton Co., (Assignees of White, R. H.). Aug. 18, 1917, [Convention date]. Alumina.-In the fusion of alumina in an electric furnace having a carbon hearth, the partial reduction of the lower layer of the charge is prevented by mixing with the lower layer a small proportion, such as 5 per cent., of a reducible material containing oxygen, such as iron oxide, or, preferably, a material the product of reduction of which will be volatilized during the treatment, for instance zinc oxide or soda-ash. When a volatile substance is added, the quantity may be considerably in excess of the amount necessary to prevent reduction, so as to protect the alumina completely.
Patent GB-1506492-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for liquid extraction
IPC: B01D17/04
Filed: 1975-03-19
Abstract: 1506492 Liquid/liquid extraction PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 19 March 1975 [22 March 1974] 11417/75 Heading BIF Apparatus for extracting substances from a first liquid comprises supply means for separately supplying the contaminated first liquid and an immiscible second extraction liquid, a mixing piece for allowing one liquid to split of portions of the other liquid and having inputs connected to the supply means. an extraction tube 1, Fig. 4 made of a material having a higher adhesion for the one liquid 3; than the other and connected to the outlet of the mixing piece, the internal size of the tube 1 being such that only the one liquid, 3, wets the tube wall and the other liquid forms oblong drops 4, in the tube, which are completely surrounded by the one liquid and which have a cross section which is substantially equal to the local cross section of the tube, so that as the liquids flow through with an average velocity V the drops 4 which are trapped in the tube roll through the tube, whilst in the longitudinal axis of the drop a flow occurs, as shown by the long arrows, which is greater than V and extraction takes place at the contact surface of the two liquids, which surface changes constantly owing to the flow, and a separating vessel for receiving and separating the two liquids from the tube. The tube may be of P.T.F.E. and up to 4 mm in diameter. The mixing piece may be as shown in Fig. 7. The liquids may be fed to the mixing piece by pumps, or by gravity from tanks at different heights, one tank possibly acting as the separator e.g. as shown in Figs. 8b and c where in Fig. 8b, separated heavy liquid recycling down pipe 36 to pass up extraction tube 1 with light liquid from tank 9, and in Fig. 8c light liquid recycling up tube 36 passes down extraction tube 1 with heavy liquid from tank 9. The purification of water with carbon tetrafluoride is described.
Patent GB-692418-A (GB)
Title: Plasticisation of vinyl chloride polymers
IPC: C08K5/103
Filed: 1949-04-29
Abstract: Vinyl chloride polymers and copolymers with, for example, vinylidene chloride, alone or with acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, and ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, are plasticized by diesters of fatty acids, having 3 to 9 carbon atoms in the molecule, with vinyl or ethyl cyclohexan-3 : 4-diol, the total number of carbon atoms in the two combined acid residues being 8 to 16.  In examples polyvinyl chloride with 1-ethyl- or 1 - vinylcyclohexan - 3 : 4 - di - n - octanoate, stearic acid and white lead is hot milled and rolled into sheets. Other esters mentioned are the dibutyrate, diheptanoate, bis-2-ethyl-hexanoate, bis-2 : 4 : 4-trimethyl pentanoate derivatives of vinylcyclohexan-3 : 4-diol and the corresponding hydrogenated compounds.  Mixed esters such as the monopropionatemonononoate or-monocaprylate may also be used.  Specification 692,417, [Group IV (b)], is referred to.
Patent GB-114749-A (GB)
IPC: B21J7/44
Abstract: 114,749. Alldays & Onions Pneumatic Engineering Co., and Wilson, P. J. Aug. 3, 1917. Power hammers. - The friction drum of a drop hammer is associated with a watercooling device which is arranged in the manner described below to effect a continuous or almost continuous supply of water to the drum. (1) The device shown in Fig. 4 consists of a stationary collar, which is mounted on a boss a<2> on the drum a and is formed with two chambers b, b<2> connected to a supply pipe e and an exhaust pipe f respectively, the drum being formed with holes or slots a<1> adapted to register with holes or slots b<1> in the collar. The holes &c. may be so disposed that before one hole or set of holes in the drum ceases to register, another hole or set of holes commences to register. (2) In the modification shown in Fig. 5, the shaft g of the friction drum a is formed with two axial passages h which communicate through radial passages h<1>, h<2> respectively with passages a<3>, a<4> in the drum, one of the passages h communicating with a supply pipe e and the other passage communicating with an exhaust pipe f. Glands i are provided for the pipes e, f. In the case of a battery of hammers, the shafts g are arranged in alinement and are driven independently and the pipes e, f are in communication with common supply and exhaust pipes e<1>, f<1> respectively; or the exhaust passage h in one of the shafts may communicate with the supply passage h in the next shaft.
Patent GB-114792-A (GB)
IPC: B61J1/10
Abstract: 114,792. Pessell, R. C. Dec. 5, 1917. Vehicle fittings and attachments.-In means for loading railway vans with milk cans &c. of the kind in which the cans are placed on a loose wheeled tray which is conveyed to the van on an ordinary platform trolly and wheeled therefrom on to grooved tracks formed transversely and longitudinally on the floor of the van, the trolly is provided with a detachable frame a having grooves b to receive the wheels e of the tray c and depending projections d formed with a series of bolt holes in order that it may be secured at different heights. The track f in the van is removable, and the position of the cross track h is variable. An upper track can be placed in the van and the track on the trolly can be raised to correspond.
Patent GB-1535086-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of transistors
IPC: H01L21/316
Filed: 1976-03-22
Abstract: 1535086 Manufacturing transistors WESTERN ELECTRIC CO Inc 22 March 1976 11542/76 Heading H1K A method of making an IGFET or a lateral bipolar transistor in a semiconductor provided with abutting first and second layers 14, 17 on its surface, includes the steps of etching back the first layer from its abutting position 15 to a new position 15<SP>1</SP> to provide a gap 18 of known width, depositing an impurity impervious mask (19) in the gap and providing impurity regions (21, 22) in the semiconductor using the mask. In an embodiment of making an IGFET, the layers 14, 17 provided on an aluminium layer (13) are respectively of silicon dioxide and aluminium oxide. A gate electrode (19) of nickel acts as a mask during ion-implantation of the impurity regions.
Patent GB-550272-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the purification of coal and like gas
IPC: C10K1/12
Filed: 1941-09-09
Abstract: 550,272. Purifiers ; purifier water revivifying. WALKER, R., WILKIN, C. R., and COOPER, H. G. Sept. 9, 1941, No. 11545. [Class 55 (ii)] Iron oxide slurry is delivered by sprayers 4 to the top of each compartment of a purifying chamber a divided by partitions b, the gas passing alternately down and up through the first and succeeding compartments from an inlet h to an outlet i. Slurry from the bottom of each compartment of the gas purifying section is taken by a pipe x and delivered by a pump y to spray nozzles z at the top of each compartment of a revivifying chamber j, and slurry from the bottom of a revivifying compartment is taken by a pipe 2 and delivered by a pump 3 to the spray nozzles 4 at the top of a gas purifying compartment. Air is passed from an inlet q to an outlet r through each compartment of the revivifying chamber. There are as many pump sections 3 and y as there are compartments. Fresh purifying medium can be introduced at s causing a gradual flow through the compartments to an outlet t.
Patent GB-473984-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the purification of caustic soda solutions
IPC: C01D1/30
Filed: 1936-04-23
Abstract: In purifying concentrated caustic soda solutions by the addition of sodium sulphate to form an insoluble complex salt with sodium chloride and caustic soda, the removal of the complex salt from the solution and the recovery of sodium sulphate from the complex salt, an accumulation of sodium carbonate in the system is prevented by dissolving a portion of the recovered sodium sulphate in water, adding sulphuric acid to the sodium sulphate solution, treating the complex salt with the solution to dissolve sodium chloride and caustic soda therefrom while leaving at least a portion of the sodium sulphate undissolved, separating the undissolved sodium sulphate from the solution and thereafter re-using at least a portion of the recovered sodium sulphate in the process for the purification of further amounts of caustic soda solution.  Preferably, the sodium sulphate solution should be saturated and sufficient sulphuric acid should be added to give a neutral solution.  The acid-treated solution may be filtered before it is brought into contact with the complex salt.  The complex salt may be treated with the solution at a temperature above 34 DEG  C.  Preferably, the conditions should be such that the solution obtained after treating the complex salt with the neutralized sodium sulphate solution contains 16--26 per cent caustic soda.  In an example, 40 per cent of the recovered sodium sulphate is used for the treatment of the complex salt the remainder being used for treating the caustic soda solution. Specifications 299,995, [Class 1 (ii)], and 452,218 are referred to.
Patent GB-433891-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to draw-out types of electric switchgear
IPC: H02B1/00
Filed: 1934-04-18
Abstract: 433,891. Switchgear structures. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., 28, Kingsway, London, and HEATH, A. A., Lydstep, Rowley Park, Stafford. April 18, 1934, Nos. 11675 and 14252. [Class 38 (v)] Horizontally-withdrawable switchgear in which separation of the two parts is effected by toggle means comprising a connecting rod pivoted to the fixed, and a crank pivoted to the withdrawable, part of the gear, has the crank provided with an arm or with a socket for a detachable arm, which serves as a hand lever for effecting rotation. In Fig. 1, a shaft 7 extends through the movable part 5 of the gear and has fixed to it at each end a crank 2, to which is pivoted at 3 a link 1 having a slot 11 engaging a pin 6 to provide a pivot and also to permit complete removal after withdrawal. The cranks 2 are rotated 180‹ in an anti-clockwise direction for separating 5 from the fixed part 4, and the arrangement is such that initially to overcome the friction between the contacts, the greatest force is available for a given turning moment, whereafter the movement is rapid. At least one crank 2 has a socket for a handle 8, the socket comprising four pins 9 and a plate 10, an arrangement which allows operation by two quarter-turns of the handle 8, if desired. In Fig. 4, the slot in link 1 is shown at 17 engaging the pivot 3 and the link 1 is extended past the pivot 6 into a guide, the upper pin 14 which forms a stop. Further rotation of 8 from the position shown automatically disengages 2 from 1, thereby enabling complete removal of the part 5.
Patent GB-504321-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of and apparatus for conditioning grain
IPC: B02B1/00
Filed: 1938-04-19
Abstract: 504,321. Conditioning grain. DALIN, D. April 19, 1938, No. 11691. Convention date, April 17, 1937. [Class 58] Grain carried by a conveyer 5 to a hopper 6 is moistened by a water spray 7 and passes, in batches, into a tank 9 provided with an upper closure 8 and communicating, through valves 13, with a middle tank 12 and lower tank 15. The valves 13 are closed and the tanks 12, 15 subjected to reduced pressure by a pump 19. The cover 8 is then applied and the tank 9 brought to the same degree of reduced pressure as the two lower tanks. The valves 13 are opened and the material flows over a distributing cone 36 in an upper compartment formed by an inverted conical partition 28 being damped and heated during its passage by steam or hot water sprayed inwardly from a coil 34 and outwardly from a coil 35. The outlet from the compartment is controlled by a hand lever 30 actuating a valve 29. The increased pressure due to the introduction of the steam, although still below atmospheric, causes moisture to penetrate the particles. After the material has entered the chamber 12, the valves 13 are shut and the material is left to condition. The valves 16 are then opened, the material passed into the evacuated tank 15, the valve 16 closed and the tank 15 put into communication with a condenser to remove any excess moisture. The finished material then passes through valves 17 and is removed by a conveyer 18. Heating coils may be arranged in the moistening chamber and at the lower part of the conditioning tank to remove excess moisture. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also conditioning by heating only, thus distributing excess moisture from one part of the grain, to other parts of the grain. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1026620-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to nuclear reactors
Inventor: BARKER KENNETH
IPC: G21C7/30
Filed: 1964-03-20
Abstract: 1,026,620. Controlling reactors. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. March 18, 1965, No. 12028/64. Heading G6C. In a light water moderated reactor, control is exercised by displacement of fuel elements relative to the core assembly. Vertically arranged fuel plates, of U-shaped section, are formed in two sections which are both movable relative to each other and are interleaved. The core is subcritical when fully interleaved. The movable fuel is displaced by an hydraulic actuator. Shut down is effected by closing of the hydraulic supply to the actuator whereon it is spring urged so as to interleave the fuel elements, the movement being arrested by a shock absorber.
Patent GB-1387626-A (GB)
Title: Measuring apparatus
IPC: G01G23/20
Filed: 1971-04-29
Abstract: 1387626 Weighing scales; indicating measurement CAMBRIAN HOUSEWARES Ltd 8 May 1972 [29 April 1971] 12051/71 Headings G1J and G1W Measuring apparatus, in particular domestic weighing apparatus, comprises a member 16 which moves against the action of leaf-springs 14a, 15a through a distance governed by the magnitude of the quantity measured, for example the mass placed on rod 22, which movement allows two pointers 24, 25 to move over two scales 32, 33 of differing ranges. Projections 48, 49 which are rigidly attached to the member 16, abut flattened portions 24a, 25a of the pointers 24, 25. Thus movement of the member 16 allows the pointers 24, 25 to move over their respective scales 32, 33 under the action of gravity aided, if required, by biasing springs. The amount of pointer movement per unit movement of member 16 differs for each pointer is determined by the position and at which each of the projections 48, 49 abut their respective flattened portion 24a, 25a. Thus bending of the projections 48, 49 allows calibration of the apparatus. Zeroing of the scales is facilitated by levers 42 which move the scales along flanges 34a, 34b.
Patent GB-552141-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of anthraquinone dyes
IPC: C09B1/50
Filed: 1941-09-19
Abstract: 552,141. Dyes and dyeing. BRITISH CELANESE, Ltd. Sept: 19, 1941, No. 12094 Convention date, Nov. 28, 1940. [Classes 2 (iii) and 15 (ii)] Dyes, applicable for colouring of textile materials made of or containing a cellulose ester or ether, are obtained by reaction of an aldehyde with a derivative of anthraquinone carrying a nuclear hydroxylamino group in p-position to a nuclear hydroxyl group. Specified anthraquinone derivatives are those obtainable by the reduction of the 4:8 - dinitro - 1:5 - dihydroxy - and 2:4:6:8 - tetranitro - 1:5 - dihydroxy - derivatives with stannous chloride in presence of caustic soda and specified aldehydes are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, crotonaldehyde and benzaldehyde. The reaction may be effected at 50-150C., preferably in presence of an inert organic liquid such as methyl, ethyl or butyl alcohol, ethylenemethylene ether or dioxane. A salt of acid reaction, such as copper sulphate, stannous sulphate, cupric chloride or stannous chloride, may be present as catalyst. The products may be applied to cellulose ester or ether materials by a vat process or in aqueous' solution or dispersion to obtain dyeings which are resistant to combustion products of coal gas. In examples, (1) 4:8 - dihydroxylamino - 1:5 - dihydroxy - anthraquinone is refluxed for 8 hours with aqueous formaldehyde in ethyl alcohol ; the product, which separates on cooling, is milled with turkey red oil, standardized, e.g. by addition of dextrin or sodium sulphate, dried and powdered ; a dispersion of this powder in a solution of sodium sulphonaphthalene ricinoleate is added to a bath in which a cellulose acetate fabric is dyed by treatment for 1 hour at 75-85C. and a pH of 5-7.5 ; (2) 4:8-dihydroxylamino-1:5-dihydroxyanthraquinone is refluxed for 7 hours with aqueous formaldehyde in ethyl alcohol containing cupric chloride to obtain a similar product ; (3) 4:8-dihydroxylamino-1:5-dihydroxy-anthraquinone is refluxed for 8 hours with butyraldehyde in ethyl alcohol containing stannous chloride to obtain a similar product. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the similar production and use of the dyes from nuclear hydroxylamino derivative of anthraquinone, e.g. that obtainable by reduction of 2:4:6:8-tetranitroanthraquinone. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-340906-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in garters
IPC: A41F11/16
Filed: 1930-04-16
Abstract: 340,906. Sock suspenders. JACKSON, L. MELLERSH-, 28, Southampton Buildings, London. (Donahue Corporation, A. J. ; Factory Lane, Milford, Connecticut, U.S.A.) April 16, 1930, No. 12099. [Class 141.] One end of the leg-embracing strap 10 is secured between two leather pieces forming a disc 11 to which is secured by sewing a plate 16 provided with a stud 20 adapted to be engaged by the usual loop 14 at the other end of the strap 10 and cut away to form a segmental bar 19 from which is suspended a button-and-loop member 21 of usual construction. The diameter of the disc 11 is greater than the length of the loop 14, and the plate 16 is centrally arranged so that the metal parts are prevented from coming into contact with the leg of the wearer. The plate 16 may be circular in shape with a segmental sewing slot and with either a semicircular or a U-shaped slot from which is suspended the member 21.
Patent GB-543546-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fastener inserting machines
IPC: A43D71/00
Filed: 1940-07-26
Abstract: 543,546. Hobnail inserting machines. BRITISH UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CO., Ltd., RICHARDS, A. E., and ROBERTS, M. July 26, 1940, No. 12169. [Class 89 (iii)] A machine forinserting hobnails, having a head portion and a shank portion both non- uniform in cross-sectional dimensions, e.g. an elongated hexagonal head and a rectangular shank, is designed to arrange the hobnails in the raceway with the longer dimension of the rectangular shank in line with the raceway and the longer dimension of the head across the raceway, and to feed the hobnails one at a time to a nail throat shaped to the head so that they are driven uniformly arranged. The hopper 30 is lined with rubber to lessen the noise, and the hobnails are lifted, as usual, by blades on a rotating member to drop on to a trough 51 formed with a slot 53 above a shank receiving member of Y section, the sides 55, 57 being spaced sufficiently apart to receive the shanks in any position. Beyond the trough a nail collecting plate 59 directs nails to the raceway which then narrows and is covered by a spring finger 87. The final portion of the raceway is only wide enough to receive the shanks with their longer axis in line with the raceway, and is traversed by a clearer 77 reciprocated by a cam 81. At the end of the raceway the head of the endmost hobnail is engaged between a finger 147 of a spring-pressed member 152 hinged to the raceway cover and bifurcated fingers 123. These fingers are carried by a block 117 slidable on a bar 115 and urged towards a nose on the end of the bar by a spring 119. The bar is carried by a lever 113 pivoted to the end of a cam-actuated lever 95 and urged clockwise by a spring 111, a cam 107 determining the path of the fingers 123, by co-operation with a finger 109 pivoted to the raceway and urged toward the cam by a spring. Bevels on the members allow the cam to drop behind the finger 109 to allow the fingers 123 to engage the head of the hobnail. Simultaneously with the advance of the fingers 123 the end of a cam-actuated lever 159 engages the shank, of the nail to urge it through the lower portion 180 of the nail passage to the throat, this portion 180 being closed by the end of the lever during the driving of the nail. The horizontal cross-section of the throat corresponds to that of the head of the hobnail. Specification 15,347/01, [Class 89], is referred to.
Patent GB-481250-A (GB)
Title: An improved culinary machine
IPC: A47J44/02
Filed: 1937-07-10
Abstract: 481,250. Mixing &c. machines. LIPS, J. July 10, 1937, No. 19195. [Class 86] [Also in Groups XXVI and XXIV] A culinary machine for table use comprises a rotatable casing 2 carrying a main shaft 4 driving horizontal shafts 31, 32, 33, 41 at different levels the uppermost shaft 41 driving a shaft 6<1> for a stirring device preferably through change-speed gearing 44. The shaft 41 is connected with the main shaft through a friction clutch 20, which is automatically declutched each time a change of speed is effected. Rotation of a switch to move a clutch 40 in the change-speed gear simultaneously rotates a cam 21 to tilt a lever 22 which uncouples the clutch 20. The shaft 41 and gearing 44 are mounted on a frame 47 detachably mounted in the casing 2. The latter is rotatably mounted on a pviot 55 in the machine base and is provided with a stop 60 to prevent rotation through more than 360‹ and consequent damage to the leads for the motor 5. A pump 26 supplies oil from a sump 18 to the shaft bearings. Clutches are provided between each horizontal shaft and the device operated thereby.
Patent GB-291086-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to two stroke internal combustion engines
IPC: F02D13/02
Filed: 1928-04-26
Abstract: 291,086. Sulzer FrÞres Soc. Anon. May 28, 1927, [Convention date]. Cylinders, pipes and ports for.-The exhaust outlet of a two-stroke engine is divided into two or more ports or groups of ports 10, 11, the upper of which is fitted with a valve such as 12 for controlling the discharge of the exahust gases. The air-inlet ports 5, 6 are similarly divided, the upper ports 6 being controlled by a valve 7. A check valve 30 prevents admission of exhaust gases to the air pipe 4 if the valve 12 should fail to open in time. The upper ports 6, 10 may be connected to separate pipes 9, 14.