baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-361837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of carbon black
IPC: C09C1/54
Filed: 1930-06-21
Abstract: <PICT:0361837/III/1> In the manufacture of carbon black from gaseous carbon compounds, such as carbon monoxide or unsaturated hydrocarbons especially olefines, in the presence of a catalyst, the catalyst is introduced in a finely divided condition and is kept in a state of suspension in the gas.  Other gases may be present, e.g. water vapour, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, nitrogen, or methane, and small amounts of air may be added.  Atmospheric, increased or decreased pressure may be employed and the temperature may be between 300-500 DEG  C., preferably between 370 DEG  and 450 DEG  C.  The mean diameter of the catalyst must be less than 0,1 millimeters and should preferably lie between 0,01 and 0,0001 millimetres.  As catalyst, there may be employed the metals of the iron group, obtained, for example from their carbonyls, or the oxides resulting from salts of these metals.  Stable salts, such as the silicates, phosphates, &c., of these metals may be employed. Specially advantageous is a mixture of say cobalt or nickel with zinc, calcium or a similar oxide and an activator which may be constituted by an oxide, carbonate, nitrite, nitrate, cyanide or phosphate of the alkali or alkaline earth metals of other metals forming oxides not reducible with hydrogen below 600 DEG  C. Separation of the carbon black from the catalyst may be effected by flotation in liquids or gases, magnetically, by electrical precipitation, or by acids.  In an example, the lighter particles of a catalyst consisting of 50 parts of cobalt, 50 of zinc, and 1 of barium oxide, previously subjected to reduction, is fed from a cone-feed K to the lower end of a pipe R from which it is blown upwards by a mixture of equal parts of ethylene and nitrogen electrically preheated in a pipe M to 250-300 DEG  C., the pipe R being electrically heated to 380 DEG  C.; the gas flow is sufficient to keep the catalyst suspended.  Catalyst bearing deposited carbon is blown out into a trap A whence some is directed by a cone V to delivery tubes S, the remainder passing away by a tube G.  Carbon deposits on the pipe R are removed periodically by scrapers.  In a second example, a powdered, reduced catalyst of 97 parts of cobalt and 3 of zinc is blown into the upper end of a steel tube by a current of the ethylene, a whirling motion being imparted by a second tangential current of ethylene or other gas; the temperature of the tube is 400 DEG  C.  The catalyst may fall from the upper end, against an upward current of gas which, with the catalyst, may be preheated.
Patent GB-414889-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to circuit arrangements for automatically limiting the duration of an electrical process
IPC: H03K17/288
Filed: 1933-07-05
Abstract: 414,889. Switching systems for consuming devices. MULLER AKT.-GES., C. H. F., 24, R÷ntgenstrasse, Hamburg, Germany. July 5, 1933, Nos. 19069, 19070, and 19071. Convention dates, July 5, 1932, April 1, 1933, and April 7, 1933. [Class 38 (iv).] The duration of an electrical process, e.g. the energization of an X-ray tube, is timed by the period of charging of a condenser the charging of which controls a three electrode discharge tube the anode circuit of which includes a relay 7 controlling the electrical process to be timed. The discharge tube 1 is supplied with A.C. and the condenser 5 is charged, in one position of a switch 15 from the A.C. supply through a rectifier 9 and resistance 6, a second position of the switch 15 being arranged to open the charging circuit and short circuit the condenser 5. The grid potential of the tube 1 may be supplied by part of the transformer winding supplying the tube and by the drop across the resistance 6 which is adjustable. In this case the relay 7 is a closed circuit relay whose winding is normally energized by the current of the tube 1. Movement of the switch 15 to the position II commences the charging operation which produces a large but decreasing drop across the resistance 6 so as initially to block the valve 1 and commence the electrical process, but after a predetermined period determined by the adjustment of the resistance 6, to open the valve 1 once more and stop the process. Alternatively, the potential across the condenser 5 may be applied to control the grid voltage of the tube 1 the arrangement being such that the tube 1 is nonconducting when the condenser 5 is short circuited but is opened when the charging commences and blocked when the charging is completed. In this case the relay 7 is an open circuit relay. In a modification of the latter case the switch 15 has a third position in which the grid 3 of the valve 1 is connected to a positive bias tap on the transformer 13 supplying the tube so that the tube 1 can be made conducting at will for the purpose of energizing an X-ray tube for fluoroscopy. The charging circuit of the condenser is connected across tapping points on the winding supplying the tube 1 or to a potentiometer connected across these tappings so that the phase of the charging current coincides with that of the tube voltage. In a further modification the tube 1 is rendered positively nonconducting when the condenser is short-circuited by opening its anode to cathode circuit in this position of the switch 15. In an alternative arrangement, Fig. 5, the relay 7 has additional contacts 23, 24 which, in the energized position close its connection in the anode circuit of the valve 1 and open a short circuit across the condenser 5. Its anode circuit contacts are paralleled by a hand switch 25 by which the operation is initiated, this switch being arranged to remain closed at least until the holding contacts 24 of the relay 7 are closed.
Patent GB-844116-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to bullet brushes
Inventor: LEWIS STANLEY
IPC: B08B9/04
Filed: 1958-06-13
Abstract: 844,116. Brushes. KLEEN-E-ZE BRUSH CO. Ltd. April 10, 1959 [June 13, 1958], No. 19081/58. Class 19. [Also in Group XXVIII] The bullet brush consists of a helically wound wire core 2 on which is so wound a resilient strip 4 that there is formed on the core a succession of pairs of loops of which each loop is slightly angularly displaced in relation to the next adjacent loop so that the loops form a double start helix about the axis of the core. Metal washers 8 are secured to either end of the core, and a soft cupping washer 12 is associated with one of the washers 8. The strip 4 is of O or rectangular section and is wound with a flat face outermost.
Patent GB-1499986-A (GB)
Title: Flour treatment process
IPC: A21D6/00
Filed: 1975-08-01
Abstract: 1499986 Preparing cake flour J LYONS & CO Ltd 1 Aug 1975 [1 May 1974] 19122/74 Heading A2Q A cake flour suitable for cakes and sponges having a high ratio of sugar to flour is produced by a process which comprises heating a wheat or wheat mixture flour of protein content 4 to 13% by weight and in which the major proportion of the starch is attached to enveloping gluten to 100 to 140‹C for such time and conditions of moisture less than no dextrinisation of the flour occurs. Such flour can also be produced by heating a fraction from the break or reduction stages of a wheat or wheat mixture swilling process the fraction having a similar protein content and the fibre content not exceeding 0.6% by weight, under similar conditions, the resulting cooled fraction being comminuted if necessary. The flour may be vigorously stirred during the heating step, e.g. by blowing heated air through a bed of flour which is stirred by mechanical means. Examples 5 to 8 describe cakes baked from mixtures of flour produced by the process of the invention, high ratio fat, caster sugar, phosphate baking powder, salt, egg, water, glycerine, colour, sodium bicarbonate, emulsifier, sodium acid pyrophosphate, skimmed milk powder, tartaric acid, and cherries.
Patent GB-147103-A (GB)
Title: Process for making coloured pictures
IPC: G03C5/48
Filed: 1920-07-07
Abstract: 147,103. Traube, A. Dec. 3, 1918, [Convention date]. Addition to 147,005. Colour photography; toning.-For the process of dyeing copper toned images described in the parent Specification, dyestuffs of a basic nature which contain a ring such as thiobenzenyl, thiazine, pyronine, oxazine and acridine dyestuffs, are used to dye the toned image. To correct a too strongly dyed picture, an acid bath may be used, and for intensifying the image a further treatment with a dye solution is given. It is best to intensify after drying. For the copper toning bath, less than half the usual amount of copper and potassium ferricyanide may be used whilst retaining the normal proportion of potassium citrate, and the transparency of the picture can be still further increased by using more potassium ferricyanide than copper.
Patent GB-1088805-A (GB)
Title: Vacuum pump system and method of operating same
IPC: F28B9/10
Filed: 1966-05-02
Abstract: 1,088,805. Vacuum systems. I. C. JENNINGS. May 2, 1966 [Dec.20, 1965], No.19222/66. Heading F1N. In a vacuum pump system wherein fluid having liquid and gaseous phases is evacuated by a first stage jet diffuser 10 connected in series with a second stage vacuum pump 1, the liquid is separated from the gas in a condenser 20 having a gas outlet 24 connected to the inlet of the jet diffuser and a liquid outlet 23 connected to the inlet of the vacuum pump. The gas and liquid which enters the pump 1 is discharged through a conduit 6 to a receiver 5 and the liquid which collects in the receiver is removed by a pump 3c and passes through a cooler 19 and orifices 3a, 3b to the pump 1 and the condenser 20. The liquid entering the pump 1 is used as sealing liquid and that entering the condenser 20 is sprayed on to baffles 20a to cause condensation of the liquid phase of fluid being evacuated through a conduit 1. Liquid from a separate source may be supplied to the condenser. In operation the pump 1 is started while a valve 17 is closed to prevent motivating fluid being supplied to the jet diffuser 10. When a certain vacuum is achieved, valve 17 is manually or automatically opened to cause operation of the jet diffuser and simultaneously a valve 27 is opened so that liquid commences to be sprayed in the condenser. As the evacuation rate decreases liquid builds up in a loop 30 connecting the condenser outlet 23 to the inlet of the pump 1 and effects a seal therebetween. A modified form of liquid seal, Fig. 2 (not shown) is described.
Patent GB-823079-A (GB)
Title: Urine receptacle
IPC: A61F5/44
Filed: 1956-06-22
Abstract: 823,079. Sanitary appliances. SACHS, L. June 22, 1956 [Feb. 29, 1956], No. 19459/56. Class 26. A personal urine receptacle for airmen, invalids and the like comprises as shown in Fig. 2 a receptacle portion 28 and an inlet channel portion 26 formed by doubling inwardly the top of the receptacle, absorbent material 22 being provided along the channel portion. The receptacle consists of two trapezoidal sheets of thin plastic secured together at their edges 16, 18 and 30, the free lower ends of portion 26 abutting to form an inlet non-return valve ; straps 32 for securing to the user are provided. Fig. 5 shows a modification in which the upper portion 38 is generally similar to the receptacle of Fig. 2, but having two portions securable to the users legs by straps 48 and containing absorbent material; as such material luffa (a fibrous vegetable pulp) is preferred.
Patent GB-752600-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to filter units, particularly for tobacco smoke
IPC: A24D3/02
Filed: 1954-07-02
Abstract: 752,600. Tobacco smoke filters. LORILLARD CO., P., and H. & V. SPECIALTIES CO., Inc. July 2, 1954 [July 13, 1953], No. 19501/54. Class 130. [Also in Group XXVIII] Filter units for cigars, cigarettes or pipes comprise a tubular sheath and a compressed mass of semifelted fibres arranged in a non- parallel heterogeneous fashion therein and having diameters, preferably uniform, between approximately two and approximately twenty-three microns and random lengths less than approximately two inches. The fibres may be secured together at their points of contact by a resinous binder. To produce cigarette filter tips, strands 13, 14, 15, Fig. 1, sub-divided from a web of fibres arranged as above are gathered into a roving in a thimble 17, which may have an internally roughened surface and be rotated, and pass to a former 20 where they are compressed before being enclosed in a .  paper sheath 22 which is sealed at 26, the resulting filter rod being cut into multiple-length units by a knife 28. The fibres may be of about fourteen to twenty-three microns diameter, of cotton, cellulose acetate, acetate rayon, viscose, nylon, or mixtures thereof. Alternatively or additionally, fibres of glass or asbestos, or equivalent synthetic fibres of resins or cellulose or protein derivatives, having about three microns diameter, may be used. The binder may be applied by spraying it in liquid form on to the fibres before they are formed into the strands 13, 14, 15. The binder is preferably a thermosetting phenolic-formaldehyde resin suitably dissolved or slurried in water, and is set by heating, with prior drying if desired, before or after the strands are combined into the roving. Alternatively, a dry uncured binder is added, as by mixing powder or staple in the fibres prior to strand or roving formation, or,adding continuous filaments to the strands or roving. As shown, a curing heating zone 29 and a cooling zone 30 are provided, the latter being essential when a thermo-plastic binder is used. The heating. zone 29 may incorporate a highfrequency induction coil, a dielectric field or infra-red rays, and the cooling zone 30 a blast of air through refrigerating coils. Alternatively, heating may be applied to the cut-off multiplelength filter units, cooling being dispensed with. In lieu of a paper wrapper 22, cellophane or a sprayed coating of molten resin or a resin slurry or solution may be employed. Specifications 707,364 and 725,471 are referred to.
Patent GB-576079-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to rotatable valves for internal combustion engines
IPC: F01L7/08
Filed: 1944-10-11
Abstract: 576,079. Valves; valve gear. BRIGGS MANUFACTURING CO., and RAGSDALE, LA V. B. Oct. 11, 1944, No. 19588. [Class 7 (vi)] In an engine with a rotary or oscillating valve formed with a combustion chamber, the valve comprises two members drivingly connected but separable axially and the pressure in the combustion chamber is transmitted to the space between the valve members. As shown, a rotary frusto-conical valve member 25, is provided with splines 52 on a flange 51, which co-operate with splines 53 on a flange 54 carried by a second frusto-conical valve member 26, and the pressure in the combustion chamber 35, transmitted through one or more passages 61 to the space between inclined annular surfaces 59, 60 on the members 25, 26 tends to hold them to their seats. The member 26 is provided with an extension 62 splined to a coupling member 71 splined to a gear 67 operated from the crank-shaft and the gear 67 and the coupling member 71 held together by a spring washer 74 held in place by a nut 65 which also tensions a spring 64 holding the valve member 25 to its seat. Leakage from the space between the surfaces 59, 60 into a space 50 between the valve members 25, 26 is prevented by a ring 58. The member 25 is filled with metallic sodium or other heat-conducting medium.
Patent GB-1224213-A (GB)
Title: Process for the continuous production of coated metal strips
IPC: C23C4/18
Filed: 1968-04-25
Abstract: 1,224,213. Coating metal strip. COCKERILLOUGREE PROVIDENCE ET ESPERANCE LONGDOZ. April 25, 1968 [April 28, 1967; March 8, 1968], No.19595/68. Heading C7F. Metal strip is cleaned, a molten metal is projected on to the cleaned surface by means of a gas jet; the coated surface is subjected to diffusive annealing, cold rolled, and re-crystallization annealed. The strip may be non-ferrous or ferrous, e.g. rimming steel de-carbonized to a C content of < 0À005% or strip containing C, < 0.005% and Si, < 4%, and the coating may be Si, Al, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and different metals or thicknesses may be sprayed on opposite sides of the strip, several succesive sprayings being used if necessary. Spraying is by plasma - or gastorch or flame spraying, diffusive annealing is at 500‹ C. or more, and rolling may be to 50% reduction in thickness. Steel sheet 0À5mm thick may be sprayed with Si and diffusive annealed for up to 50 hours at 1000 - 1200‹ C. where Cr is the coating metal, the steel may have a higher C content, < 0À200%.
Patent GB-122389-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Lifting Jacks and the like for use on Motor Road and other Vehicles.
Inventor: RAPSON FREDERICK LIONEL
IPC: B60S9/06
Filed: 1917-12-17
Abstract: 122,389. Rapson, F. L. Dec. 17, 1917. Jacks for use on motor road and other vehicles. The lifting-member 2 has an internally-threaded block 3 at its lower end and is slidably mounted in a casing 1. Rotation of the member 2 is prevented by the engagement of a screw 10 mounted in the casing with a slot 9. A threaded rod 4 is mounted in the block 3 and is secured to a bevel wheel 11 which gears with a bevel wheel 12 mounted on a shaft 13. The operating handle, which is preferably of T-shape and constructed to fold up, is inserted in a recess 15 in the shaft 13. Running-back of the load is prevented by the engagement of a pawl 17 mounted on the casing with a ratchet wheel 16 secured to the shaft 13. A cover-plate 18 and washer 19 exclude dust. Similarlv shaped grooves 5, 6 are cut in the upper side of the thread on the rod 4 and in the under side of the thread in the nut 3. respectively, and receive anti-friction balls 7 or rollers. The balls &c. circulate through a channel 8 in the nut 3 or in the rod 4. In a modification, Fig. 4, helical semicircular grooves are formed in the rod and nut and balls 22 are placed within them to form the screw-thread. The bevel wheel 24 and a ratchet wheel 26 secured thereto are freely mounted on a spindle 25 to which a casing 29 carrying a reversible pawl 28 is secured. The operating handle is inserted in the casing. In another modification, the jack is provided with both of the ball races shown in Figs. 1 and 4. In a further modification, balls. rollers, or cones rotatably mounted on pins arranged helically round the rod or lifting member engage in a helical groove formed in the lifting member or rod.
Patent GB-726494-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to warp stop motions for looms
IPC: D03D51/00
Filed: 1953-07-16
Abstract: 726,494. Warp stop motions. MANCHESTER METAL WORKS, Ltd., and COLLE, V. G. VAN. Jan. 22, 1954 [July 16, 1953], No. 19715/53. Class 142 (2). [Also in Group XXII] The fixed notched bar of a mechanical warp stop motion is made of two strips A having their lower parts joggled inwards at H and spotwelded together at K, whereby the main parts of the strips are spaced apart to accommodate the sliding notched bar F, which rides on the top edges L of the joggles ; these edges are severed by the pressing tool to provide flat bearing surfaces for the sliding bar. Between the joggles, the strips are spaced apart by abutting, inwardly-directed, dimples M.
Patent GB-243070-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic or semi-automatic telephone systems
IPC: H04Q3/00
Filed: 1924-08-21
Abstract: 243,070. Automatic Telephone Manufacturing Co., Ltd., and Aitken, W. Aug. 21, 1924. Automatic exchange systems.-In a system employing call-finders arranged in groups corresponding to incoming line groups, some of the finders are connected to individual group selectors, while others are connected in multiple to group selectors. Fig. 1 shows an arrangement with three groups of lines c, d, e in which the first two selector trunks 8 - - 13 for each group are individual to the finders, the next two 14, 15, 18 are common to two groups, while the last two 16, 17 are common to all three groups. The finders in each group 1 are taken into use in this order by a finder-allotting switch, those connected in multiple being multipled in the banks of the allotters. Fig. 2 shows the circuits of two finders FS, FS<1> connected in multiple, with finder allotters FA, FA<1>. The finder switches are mechanically identical with line switches of the no-normal type, while the allotting switches are identical with line switches having a normal position. When a subscriber initiates a call, the common start relay 7 energizes in series with the lower winding of the combined line and cut-off relay 6 over the calling loop, and short-circuits its high resistance winding, so that relay 6 partially operates and attracts armature 10 to mark the calling line in the finder banks, while relay 13 energizes and grounds the test contacts of all the lines of the group not in use. The magnet 20 of the allotter FA is connected up momentarily before relay 13 pulls up over wiper 18 and normal contact 17 and advances the allotter one step, and the hunting movement is then under control of test wiper 21, and continues until an idle finder FS is found. Series relay 19 falls back, and connects up relay 23, which closes a circuit for the magnet 28 of the finder FS and switching relay 27, so that the finder rotates in the usual way until connection is made to the calling line. Relay 27 energizes, and connects up switching relay 31 over wiper 36<1>. Earth on test wiper 29 now causes relay 6 to energize fully, open-circuiting start relay 7, and a circuit is completed over wipers 36<1>, 21 for advancing the allotter one step. Unless any other calls are awaiting attention, relays 7, 13 relapse, and the restoring circuit is closed over wiper 18. If the trunk associated with the finder FS is faulty, however, no holding ground is fed back for relay 31, so that it falls back when the allotter advances, causing the re-energization of start relay 7 to extend the connection over a second idle finder.
Patent GB-516710-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of testing the insulation of electrical machinery and apparatus
IPC: G01R31/06
Filed: 1938-07-05
Abstract: 516,710. Detecting g faults. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.-GES. July 5, 1938, No. 19943. Convention date, July 5. 1937. [Class 37] The insulation of electrical machinery and apparatus is tested by stressing it with an impulse voltage derived from an impulse voltage generator, and simultaneously subjecting it to surges produced by applying A.C. through a capacitative load and spark gaps, so that should the insulation break down under the impulse voltage which exists for a very short duration and occur at relatively long time intervals the fault is burnt out and rendered visible by the rapidly succeeding voltage impulses produced by the A.C. A transformer 1 under test is excited by a source 3 the secondary phase windings 4 being connected to condensers 6 through spark gaps 5 adjusted so that, in known manner, the spark gaps are broken down by the transformer voltage thus charging the condensers 6 which in turn discharge through the spark gaps 5 to the windings 4 which are therefore subject to current surges of short duration. The impulse generator 7 is of the Marx type supplied through a transformer 8 and rectifier 9 and connected to the test circuit through a switching spark gap 17. The discharge resistance 14 earthed at 15 is preferably connected to the Marx generator 7 through an auxiliary spark gap 13. The condensers 6 are protected by spark gaps 16. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 also states that when the impulse voltage has to be connected at a given instant of the A.C. cycle of source 3, the spark gaps 5 or 17 are provided with control electrodes, e.g., triode spark gaps may be used the third electrode, in this case, being connected to the impulse generator. The surge wave test may be effected immediately after the impulse voltage test instead of simultaneously therewith. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.