Patent CA-2019908-A1 (CA)
Title: Graft copolymers and the method and initiation system for preparation thereof
Inventor: LUKAS RUDOLF
IPC: C08F4/16
Filed: 1990-06-27
Abstract: ABSTRACT Graft copolymers and the method and initiation system for preparation thereof An object of the invention are polymers and graft copoly-mews, which can be prepared by (co)polymerization of cationi-cally polymerizable monomers at -100°C to +20°C in the presence of an initiation system, one component of which is a polymer, oligomer or low-molecular weight alkyl halogenide, containing at least five carbon atoms and at  least one chlorine atom bonded to the secondary carbon atom in the chain and/or a poly-mer, oligomer, or low-molecular weight alkyl halogenide, con-taining at least four carbon atoms and at least one bond ter-tiary carbon atom -halogen in the molecule, and the second component of which is tin tetrachloride or its mixture with FeCl3 and/or BCl3, at the molar ratio of the Lewis acid to the monomer 10-5 to 50. The products contain chemically bonded component of the initiation system corresponding to the used polymer, oligomer, or low-molecular weight alkyl halogenide.     Another object of the invention is the method for the preparation of polymers and graft copolymers by (co)polymeriza-tion o  cationically polymerizable monomers at -100°C to +20°C in the presence of the initiation system containing two above described components, at the molar ratio of the Lewis acid to the monomer 10-5 to 50, and, if needs to be, in the presen-ce of polar halogenated solvents or their mixtures with non-polar solvents or aromatic solvents.     As the cationically polymerizable monomers can be used isobutylene, 1-butene, isoprene, 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-ii 1,3-butadiene, styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, 1,3-pentadiene, chloroprene, and their mixtures. As the component of initia-tion system, they can be used the following conpounds contai-ning ?4 C atoms and at least one bond tertiary carbon atom -halogenide: copolymers of vinyl chloride with the terminal group -C(CH3)2Cl, hydrochlorinated polyisoprene, hydrochlori-nated or hydrobrominated or chlorinated butylrubber, chlorina-ted polypropylene, tert.butyl chloride, 2,5-dibromo-2,5-di-methylhezane, and 2,5-dichloro-2,5-dimethylhexane. As the component of initiation system, they can be used the following compounds containing ?5 C atoms and at least one Cl atom bonded to a secondary C atom: 2,4-dichloropentane, 2,4,6-trichloro-heptane, poly(vinyl chloride), chlorinated PVC, chlorinated paraffins, copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinylidene chloride, chlorinated polyolefins, chlorinated .alpha.-olefins and chlorinated cyclic hydrocarbons. As polar halogenated solvent they may be used as the polymerization medium methyl chloride, methylene chloride, ethyl chloride, vinyl chloride, or their mixtures with nonpolar solvents, e.g., heptane,CCl4 or cyclohexane, or aromatic solvents, e.g., benzene or toluene.     For the (co)polymerization, the monomer or a mixture of monomers is added continuously and/or discontinuously into the beforehand prepared initiation system, or the initiation system is mixed with the monomer or a mixture of monomers, or SnCl4 is added into the mixture of the initiator and the monomer as the last component.