baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-190518-A1 (ES)
Title: UN PRECEDIMIENTO PARA LA OBTENCIoN DE SUSTANCIAS PROTECTORAS DE LAS MADERAS HuMEDAS
Filed: 1949-11-23
Abstract: Procedimiento para la obtención de substancias protectoras de las maderas húmedas o frescas mediante una aplicación de revestimiento o protección en forma de pasta caracterizado porque en las pastas conocidas obtenidas con sales inorgánicas y orgánicas con o sin empleo simultáneo de aceites aproximadamente el 30 a 50 % de la parte de las sales puede sustituirse por sales inorgánicas inactivas en sí pero ámpliamente solubles en el agua y fuertemente hidroscópicas respectivamente como cloruro de sodio cloruro de magnesio y similares.
Patent ES-191688-A1 (ES)
Title: UN SISTEMA PRáCTICO DE TRANSFORMADOR DE RADIO FRECUENCIA, EN EL CIRCUITO ANTENA-SINTONiA, APLICABLE A TODOS LOS RECEPTORES EN ONDA MEDIA, QUE MEJORA LA RECEPCIoN EN MEDIDA EXTRAORDINARIA, TANTO EN PODER DE CAPTACIoN COMO EN EVITACIoN DE INTERFERENCIA
Filed: 1950-01-17
Abstract: Sistema práctico de transformador de radio-frecuencia en el circuito antena-sintonía aplicable a los receptores en onda media que mejora la recepción en medida extraordinaria tanto en poder de captación como en evitación de interferencia que consiste en esencia en el empleo de dos bobinas una de antena y otra de sintonía de variadas formas dimensiones. materia y situación la primera que es la inductora conectada a una antena exterior y tierra o a una antena de ocasión y contra antena variada y la segunda que es la inducida conectada por Un extremo al condensador variable y por el otro al control automático de sensibilidad o a masa con un trimestre entre ambos extremos.
Patent ES-230426-A1 (ES)
Title: Improvements in and relating to methods and machines for the rapid production of ice
IPC: F25C1/06
Filed: 1956-08-07
Abstract: In a method for the rapid production of ice blocks, the blocks are formed from liquid in an upright mould B1 having an inner core 6 and jacket 18 evaporators, heat being supplied to the core and jacket during a defrosting cycle for releasing ice blocks from the moulds, the total available refrigerative capacity during the freezing cycle is so controlled between the core and jacket that a substantially greater proportion thereof is supplied to the core, and the heat used to release the block during the defrosting cycle is so distributed between the core and jacket that an ice-block formed during a freezing cycle is freed from the core and jacket at substantially the same time. Preferably the flow of refrigerant to the jacket is controlled by a striction ring or an adjustable obturator. The refrigerant circuit comprises compressor G, condenser H, receiver i, a vessel D with float valve F, and a liquid separator E. The line 1 from the receiver i is connected through expansion, valves 1a to the core evaporators of a group of moulds B1, the outlets of the core evaporators being connected to a suction line 2 leading to the liquid separator through stop valves 2a. Branch lines 21, before the valves 2a and in each of which is situated a striction ring or adjustable obturator, lead to the jacket evaporator. A line 3 from the liquid separator E has branches leading liquid refrigerant through expansion valves 3a to the bottom of the jacket evaporator. Line 4 leads from the compression line, by-passing the expansion valves 1a, through stop valves 4a to the core evaporators and line 5 leads through stop valves 5a, by-passing the expansion valves 3a, to the vessel D and through float valve F to the liquid separator E. For freezing valves 4a and 5a are closed and for defrosting valves 2a are closed, and valves 3a and 4a opened. In a group of moulds as shown in Fig. 1, preferably each mould consists of a number of freezing cells as in Fig. 2a with individual core evaporators 6 and a common jacket evaporator 18. Each mould is at a different stage of production and excess refrigerant arising from defrosting one of the moulds is redistributed to other moulds from the liquid separator E as necessary. Initial defrosting i.e. after the first filling of a mould with liquid, is started by the longitudinal expansion of ice in the cells forcing down the mould cover K and operating a switch. Thereafter a portion of the ice block remains in the bottom of the mould and the whole process is then controlled as by time switches or by a preset programme. Specification 718,240 is referred to.
Patent ES-247238-A1 (ES)
Title: Method and apparatus for processing sulfur
IPC: C01B17/027
Filed: 1959-02-14
Abstract: Impure sulphur is rapidly heated through the plastic range, preferably 160 DEG -370 DEG C., by mixing with a relatively large body of liquid sulphur at a temperature above the plastic range and subjecting the mixture to fractional distillation. The process may be applied to the purification by distillation of sulphur in sulphur-selenium anode sludge produced in the electrolytic refining of nickel sulphide. As shown, impure sulphur is delivered tangentially to one or more bubble tray units 25 (Figs. 2 and 3, not shown) in a distillation column 10 having a reboiler 34 from one or more steam-jacketed inlet pipes 14-16 at a temperature of 120-162 DEG C., preferably 120-154 DEG C., and is mixed with, for example, 5-20 times its volume of reflux so as to raise the temperature rapidly above 260 DEG C. Sulphur containing concentrated impurities is periodically removed through steam-heated bottoms cooling tank 62 while <PICT:0889037/III/1> sulphur vapour is passed through condenser 17. Condensed sulphur, e.g. at 370 DEG C., is passed through reflux tank 18 and is then partly recycled as reflux via line 19 and partly passed to sulphur quenching and surge tank 21 (Figs. 4 and 5, not shown) via line 20, while uncondensed sulphur vapour is passed through vent condenser 60, wherein the vapour is cooled to below 150 DEG C., and vented wash tower 61, residual gas being passed to the atmosphere. The condensed sulphur is rapidly cooled in tank 21 to below 160 DEG C., e.g. to 120 DEG C., by 10-20 times its volume of sulphur which is recycled between tank 21 and a waste-heat boiler comprising a heat exchanger 48 and a liquid-vapour separator 52. Tank 21 is provided with a steam coil to melt sulphur when starting up. Cooled liquid sulphur is passed through one or more of lines 55 to water-cooled trays in solidifier 24. The heat exchange medium for reboiler 34 and condenser 17 may be a fused mixture of sodium nitrate and nitrite. The process may be carried out in the presence of nitrogen.
Patent ES-262489-A1 (ES)
Title: Dibenz[b,f]-azepine derivatives and processes for the preparation thereof
IPC: C07D/
Filed: 1960-11-15
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the general formula: <FORM:0961444/C1/1> (wherein R1 represents a C1- 6 alkyl radical or an aryl or aralkyl radical, R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1- 6 alkyl radical, X1 and X2 represent hydrogen atoms or jointly an additional linkage and Y represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a methyl radical), and the preparation thereof by reacting a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0961444/C1/2> (wherein R3 represents a C1- 6 alkyl radical) with a reactive ester of a C1- 6 alkanol or of an arylmethanol in the presence of a basic condensing agent to form a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0961444/C1/3> (wherein R4 represents a C1- 6 alkyl radical or an arylmethyl radical), hydrolysing this, preferably under acid conditions, to a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0961444/C1/4> converting this, if desired, by treatment with a reactive ester of a C1- 6 alkanol in the presence of a basic condensing agent, into a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0961444/C1/5> (wherein R12 represents a C1- 6 alkyl radical), treating compound IV or V according to the Grignard reaction with a compound of the formula: <FORM:0961444/C1/6> (where Hal represents chlorine, bromine or iodine) to form a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0961444/C1/7> exposing this to conditions in which water is split off to form a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0961444/C1/8> and treating this, or its 10, 11-dihydro-derivative obtained by reduction with an equimolar amount of nascent hydrogen, with a concentrated hydrohalic acid to split off the residue R4. The hydrogenation of 10, 11-dimethyl- and 10-methyl-11-ethyl -5H- dibenz [b,f]azepine to the corresponding 10, 11-dihydro compounds is also described. The products are useful as antiallergic and psychotherapeutic agents. Specification 943,277 is referred to.
Patent ES-266986-A1 (ES)
Title: A process for the manufacture of deltatocopherol
IPC: C07D311/72
Filed: 1961-04-28
Abstract: Delta tocopherol is made by diazotizing 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-aniline in an acidic medium, converting the resulting diazonium salt into the corresponding monoacyl derivative by reaction with an alkanoic acid containing up to six carbon atoms, condensing the monoacyl derivative in the presence of an acid condensing agent with iso-phytol or phytol and hydrolysing the condensation product. Diazotization may be effected at 0-5 DEG C. in the presence of an alcohol or glacial acetic acid and hydrochloric or sulphuric acid using isoamyl nitrite or sodium nitrite. The diazonium salt is then heated to 50-80 DEG C. in the presence of acetic or propionic acid and then condensation is effected with isophytol or phytol in the presence of zinc chloride or boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at a temperature below 40 DEG C. The hydrolysis step may be effected by means of sulphuric acid in the presence of dioxene, or by reaction with lithium aluminium hydride or a Grignard reagent.
Patent ES-322514-A1 (ES)
Title: Reactor and mixer for continuous polymerization
IPC: B01J19/18
Filed: 1966-02-01
Abstract: A reactor, suitable for polymerisation and as a mixer, comprises a vertical cylindrical jacketed vessel I having a two part partition extending the length of the vessel which swings through the vessel with one part scraping the vessel wall. The wall part 9 is pivoted about a vertical axis 10 adjacent the vessel wall and also slides perpendicularly to the vessel axis into a vertically extending diametrical groove 8a in a cylindrical part 8 which is orbited about the vessel axis by means of an end plate 4 on which it is mounted. The cylindrical part 8 is also pivotable about pivots 6 to allow for relative sliding movement between it and the wall part as the cylindrical part rotates in direction F. The reaction mixture flows upwardly through the vessel from inlet 15 to outlet 16. When used as a mixer both inlet and outlet may he closed during mixing, or if the mixture is homogenous the outlet 16 is open during mixing. Holes 12 in the wall part, which are more frequent at the outlet end, (see Fig. 1, not shown) allow for passage of the mixture from one side of the partition to the other as well as between the vessel wall and the cylinder part. The clearance between the wall part 9 and the vessel wall at the pivoted end is adjustable.
Patent ES-337679-A1 (ES)
Title: Skin protecting composition containing a water - soluble partially degraded protein
IPC: A61Q19/10
Filed: 1967-03-07
Abstract: A skin lotion comprises an inert solvent having incorporated therein a water-soluble surface active agent and a water-soluble partially degraded protein having a gel strength of zero Bloom grams. Suitably the lotion is in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion. Suitably the partially degraded protein is an enzymatic hydrolysis product or a heat degraded product such as a protopeptone, other peptones, polypeptides, proteoses or "solubilized collagen''. The surface active agent can be a cationic, anionic, non-ionic or ampholytic detergent or a soap. The lotion suitably contains lanolin, a preservative, a colouring material and a fatty acid. The lotion protects the skin e.g. the hands, against chapping and irritation.
Patent ES-338593-A1 (ES)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of extracting nitrogenous organic substances from certain vegetable species
IPC: C07D489/00
Filed: 1967-03-14
Abstract: In order to increase their yield of extractable alkaloids, poppies prior to any alkaloid extraction treatment operations, are caused to ferment by means of micro-organisms applied thereto, particularly of the species Alternaria tenuissima, Alternaria chartorum or a variety designated Alternaria Pl, all isolated from capsules of poppies naturally contaminated by mould. The isolated moulds may be cultivated and maintained in a medium consisting chiefly of poppy powder, kept in suspended animation in a medium having a reduced proportion of nutrient substances, or lyophilized. Crushed, sterilized and humidified poppies, particularly those of the species Papaverum album or Papaverum nigrum, are submitted to aerobic fermentation conditions while immersed in water, at a temperature ranging from 5 to 40 C. for a period of from one day to one month. The resulting fermentation product is subjected to alkaline extractions with chloroform, benzene and isobutanol followed by an acid extraction with chloroform. Small amounts of tenuazonic acid and other non-alkaloid substances are recovered by the acid extraction. In an alternative extraction procedure, the fermentation product is macerated twice in water and then in hydrochloric acid. The filtrate is rendered alkaline by ammonia to pH 9 and extracted with 3: 1 chloroform and isobutanol. The dry residue obtained by evaporating the solvent, is redissolved in chloroform and the alkaloid bases are extracted from this chloroform solution using a solution containing 2À33% by weight of hydrochloric acid. The acid-aqueous phase is then washed with chloroform, whereby the alkaloid bases of the isoquinolinic constituents (noscapine and papaverine) can be extracted from the organic phase. The acid aqueous extract free of alkaloids removed by the chloroform, is rendered alkaline by ammonia to pH 9 and this basic aqueous solution is then washed with 3: 1 chloroform and isobutanol, whereby the alkaloid bases of the phenanthrenic compounds (morphine and codeine) can be extracted from the organic phase.
Patent ES-340242-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for reforming hydrocarbons under high pressure
IPC: C01B3/38
Filed: 1967-05-10
Abstract: Gases containing about 60 to 70% H 2 are made by catalytically steam reforming gaseous and/or liquid hydrocarbons having a B.P. not greater than 350 C., containing up to 30% aromatics, and having from 4 to 12 C atoms per molecule. Essential reaction conditions are: pressure 70 to 200 bars, inlet temperature 300 to 700 C., space velocity (litres hydrocarbon/litre of catalyst per hour) up to 30, steam to carbon mole ratio 1.5 to 5, and the catalyst should contain Ni in an amount calculated as Ni oxide, of from 8 to 30% b.w. of the total catalyst. The catalyst support is one or more of the oxides of Mg, Ca, Al, and/or Zr dioxide, and may contain SiO 2 and one or more of the oxides of K, Na, Ba and/or Cr trioxide. Conventional radiantly heated reformers are used, and air, CO, C0 2 or recycled H 2 may be delivered to the inlet. Two-stage reforming processes are described, air being added at the second stage which acts to adjust the CH 4 content of the make gas, and the second stage may be carried out in a chamber containing the tubes forming the first stage.
Patent ES-347180-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons with steam
IPC: C01B3/40
Filed: 1967-11-15
Abstract: Mixtures containing hydrogen and one or more hydrocarbons, e.g. C 1 to C 4 gases and/or aromatics, are made by catalytically converting hydrocarbons, e.g. naphtha, with steam in the presence of hydrogen. The catalyst contains rhenum, preferably in sulphidic form, and may contain cobalt, and promoter materials, e.g from Group I e,g. Ag and K may be added. Alumina is the preferred support material. Ammonia, or compounds which are converted into ammonia during the reaction, e.g. n-butylamine, may be added to the reaction. The hydrogen present in the reaction may be obtained by recycling product gas, by partly cracking the starting material, or by supplying an externally produced H 2 -containing gas to the reaction. Where aromatic products are required, the feed may be an alkyl aromatic, e.g. toluene ethyl benzene or xylenes, or an aromatic oil fraction. Unconverted toluene may be recycled. Naphthenic hydrocarbons may be used. Details set forth include catalyst compositions, steam ratios, pressures, temperatures and space velocities, and the process may be carried out in several stages at progressively higher temperature. Comparative examples are described, giving the reaction products, in one case including their octane numbers.
Patent ES-351840-A1 (ES)
Title: Pulse crowding compensation for magnetic recording
IPC: G11B20/10
Filed: 1968-02-21
Abstract: In binary data-recording systems where the information 14 (Fig. 1) is stored as major magnetic transitions, i.e. abrupt changes in the intensity of magnetization 14a, 14b, in a magnetic medium (disc, tape or drum), in order to prevent shifting of the peaks 16a, 16b, on read-out 16, each major transition is followed by a minor transition 18c, 18d (Fig. 2) of lesser magnitude, preferably 15-35%, and opposite polarity so that the read-out peaks 20a, 20b, are substantially symmetrical. The technique is suitable for phase modulation, NRZ and FM recording systems, particularly those which do not fully saturate the entire thickness of the magnetic coating. Two systems are described: Phase encoding (Fig. 4) Binary data A is mixed with clock pulses B in an EXCLUSIVE-OR circuit 46 to produce a phase-encoded signal C. Each positive or negative transition triggers a single shot 72 to open AND-gate 70 for one-sixth of the clock period, thereby adding at 66 a current I H from source 64 to a current I L from source 62 to produce the desired recording waveform as 18 (Fig. 2). The waveform, enabled at AND- gate 76, is fed to AND-gates 78, 80 which feed the information to respective ends of a centretapped write head 60 so as to magnetize tape 40 according to the coded information. The recording block 50 may be constituted by a transistor circuit (Fig. 6, not shown see Division H3). The read-out information is amplified 90, differentiated 92 and limited 94 to produce a waveform G the same as the encoded information at C. This waveform is converted to binary notation by comparison in detector 102 with square wave pulses K derived from a variable frequency clock 96 generating a sawtooth waveform. The clock is synchronized with the output G by comparing the sawtooth in unit 106 with pulses generated in unit 104 whenever an output peak in G occurs. The correction circuits 108 may include a memory based on a trend-of-error to avoid correction based on noise or pulse-crowding effects. The write head 60 may be arranged to erase the tape 40 by connecting a second single-shot (142, Fig. 7, not shown) and inverter (144) between the input 48 and an OR-gate (146) connected between the single-shot 72 and AND- gate 70. The single-shot (142) has a delay or pulse duration longer than a bit interval so that it is energized at least once per interval and no output is supplied until information ceases, whereupon it opens AND-gate 70 to allow passage of I H + I L as erase current to the write head. NRZ encoding (Figs. 8, 9, not shown).-The system is identical to Fig. 4 except that the information to be recorded (W) is combined in an AND-gate (150) with pulses (X) and the output fed to a binary trigger (154) which supplies the recording circuit 50.
Patent ES-359595-A1 (ES)
Title: Apparatus for forming packs of flat articles
IPC: B65H43/06
Filed: 1968-10-26
Abstract: Sheets S are delivered to form a stack P on a selected one of two vertically movable conveyer belts 1 and 2. A first control means provides a downward movement of the conveyer upon which a stack P is being formed in accordance with the rate of delivery. A second control means comprising a sheet counter 40 is arranged to terminate the supply of sheets upon completion of a stack, move sheet arresting flap (10) to its inoperative (dotted) position, and to operate a drive for the conveyer to transfer the formed stack to a further conveyer 38. A third control means 6 responsive to the completion of the transfer and operates to raise the conveyer belt to a position in which it can receive the first sheet of a further stack. While this conveyer is being raised sheets S are diverted by switch 7 to form a stack on the other conveyer which is similarly controlled. Vertical movement of each receiving conveyer 1 and 2 is controlled by an hydraulic cylinder 32 or 33 respectively, each of which is connectable through the action of the control means to a fluid metering system allowing controlled leakage of fluid to lower the belt during stack formation or to a pressurized fluid container to raise each conveyer to its starting position.
Patent ES-359619-A1 (ES)
Title: Condensing power plant system
IPC: F01K17/04
Filed: 1968-10-26
Abstract: Salt water, e.g. sea water, is pumped through line 42 and the tubes 46 of condenser 36 in which the steam exhaust from low-pressure turbine 12 is condensed and the steam-condensate is pumped from line 38 through nozzles 68 into a multi-stage flash evaporator wherein it contacts and condenses the vapours evolved from heated salt water flowing through narrow downflow channels 62. Part of the fresh water withdrawn from the top condenser region 66a is passed through line 80, de-aerating tank 26 and heater 22 to the boiler 16 which supplies steam to high-pressure turbine 10. The remainder of the fresh water from condenser region 66a is withdrawn from the system as product. Before being introduced into the flash evaporator, the salt water from tubes 46 is further heated in heaters 48, 50, 52 by steam tapped from low-pressure turbine 12, and the heated water is passed through de-aerator 54 and then introduced into the top-most flash channels 62a. The condensate formed in heaters 48, 50, 52 is passed to condenser 36. Residual brine is discharged from the lower end of the multi-stage evaporator. The exhaust from the H.P. turbine 10 is passed through moisture separator 30 and re-heater 32, and is then introduced in L.P. turbine 12. Re-heater 32 is supplied with steam from boiler 16, and this steam then flows to heater 22 which is also heated by steam tapped from turbine 10. The steam from heater 22 and the moisture from separator 30 are passed into the de-aerating tank 26.
Patent ES-371047-A1 (ES)
Title: Photochromic radiation dosimeter
IPC: G01T1/04
Filed: 1969-08-30
Abstract: A film dosimeter material comprises a homogeneous mixture of a polyhalostyrene host and a leuco dye of the general formula wherein R is OH, OCH 3 , OC 2 H 5 or N 3 , each R1 is aryl, alkyl, alkoxy or is H, R11 is [alpha]-naphthyl, amino-phenyl, hydroxy-phenyl, or is H, and R111 is [alpha]-naphthyl, amino-phenyl or hydroxyphenyl. The host is preferably poly-3-chlorostyrene, poly-4-chlorostyrene, poly-4-bromostyrene, poly-4-iodoatyrene, orpoly-2,5-dichlorostyrene. The film dosimeter material may contain a metal organic compound, to vary the spectral sensitivity of the dye base, e.g. tetraphenylstannate, copper acetylacetonate and triphenyl bismuth. The film preferably contains 0À1 to 10% by weight of the dye and may be self-supporting having a thickness above 2 mils. Anthracene and phenanthrene may be present to reduce the film sensitivity. The liquid form may be used with suitable solvents for permanent or reversible coloration.
Patent ES-393968-A1 (ES)
Title: Dental evacuation apparatus
IPC: A61C17/08
Filed: 1971-08-06
Abstract: A dental evacuation unit has a plurality of evacuation devices, each of the devices being connected to a common separator by its respective debris conducting line, and each line having a venturi located therein. Gas supply means are provided for selectively directing a flow of gas through one of the venturis toward the separator, thus creating a suction at the selected device to carry entrained matter through the respective debris conducting line to the separator. Distributing means are provided for diverting a minor portion of the gas flow to each of the other venturis to create a minor suction at the other devices to prevent unfiltered gas within the separator from escaping through the other debris conducting line.