baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-195149-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved machine for manufacturing nails, screws, brads, pins or the like from wire, metal rod or the like
IPC: B21G3/30
Filed: 1921-12-22
Abstract: 195,149. Humphris, F., and Roberts, K. A. Dec. 22, 1921. Screws, nails, and staples are made from wire or rod by rolling cut-off lengths between a roll h and concave surface g, both built up of plates and adapted to produce ribs, grooves, &c. thereon. The blanks may be headed by a fluid or mechanic. ally-operated inclined block m while being rolled or they may be bent afterwards bv rolls to form U-shaped staples. Rods or wires b<1>, which may be heated, are fed by reciprocating grippers to notched shear blades b operated by a press as described in Specification 180,709, [Class 83 (iv), Metals, Working], and the blanks are fed by a plate d, reciprocated by a cam d<2>, to a notched feed wheel f driven by belts p from the roll h. The blanks are then rolled against the surface g which has a toggle and spring device g<5> to allow it to yield in case of excessive pressure. Both roll and surface are built up to the required width and to give the required formations. Heads may be formed at one or both ends of the blanks by rollers or by vibrating blocks m and the rolling faces may be designed to produce longitudinal, spiral, transverse, &c. grooves or ribs, waists, patterns, &c., and points at one or both ends. Double-pointed blanks may be bent to form staples in known manner by rolls r<2>, Fig. 9, one roll having a circumferential rib and the other a corresponding groove and transverse grooves to carry the blanks r. A heating chamber may be arranged between the wheel f and roll h. Separate rollers, cutters, &c. may be used for forming points.
Patent GB-1468979-A (GB)
Title: Emergency electricity control device
IPC: H02J9/06
Filed: 1975-07-04
Abstract: 1468979 Emergency lighting systems THORN ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 4 July 1975 [6 Aug 1974] 34649/74 Heading H2H A system for controlling an emergency lighting system which comprises separate emergency lights is provided with means to prevent energization of the emergency lights when the normal A.C. supply is present but which has been switched from the main lights by a lighting control switch to deenergize the main lights. A main lighting system 14 is energized from a normal A.C. supply 10L, 10N by the closure of a main control switch 12. At the same time a transformer 40 in a control circuit 20 is energized, the output of the transformer, by way of diodes 44C, 44D, maintaining an emergency battery 30 charged. The remaining diodes 44A, 44B provide a negative hold off bias signal at a terminal 24 which forms one control terminal of an inverter 28. A voltage is developed at a point 54 by means of a pair of zener diodes 42 and this voltage is effective to render a transistor 50 conductive thereby the positive terminal of the battery 30 is connected to terminal 26 forming a second control signal for the inverter 28. With both the negative hold off bias signal and the enabling bias signal applied to the inverter 28 operation of the inverter 28 is inhibited and the emergency lights 32 remain unenergized. If the mains supply 10 fails with the switch 12 closed the negative hold off bias at terminal 24 disappears and direct current from the battery 30 flows through a circuit including the emitter base junction of the transistor 50, diode 52, winding 36 of the transformer 40, switch 12 and resistor 60. Transistor 50 is thus held conductive so that the battery still supplies an enabling signal to the terminal 26. With this signal and the absence of a hold off bias signal the inverter 28, which is supplied by the battery 30, functions to cause the emergency lights 32 to be energized. Should however the switch 12 be open no enabling signal at the terminal 26 can be developed. Functioning of the control circuit 20 is dependent on no D.C. circuit existing across any of the main lighting units 14. If such a circuit does exist, the lights 14 must be connected to terminals 62 so as to be in series with a switch which may be a thyristor 64 or a relay, the coil of the relay being connected across the diode bridge 44.
Patent GB-1144316-A (GB)
Title: Improved emulsions of alkali-soluble copolymers
Inventor: WARSON HENRY
IPC: C08F20/62
Filed: 1965-08-13
Abstract: 1,144,316. Vinyl ester copolymer emulsions. DUNLOP CO. Ltd. 8 Aug., 1966 [13 Aug., 1965], No. 34677/65. Heading C3P. An emulsion of an alkali-soluble copolymer comprising a copolymer of at least three monomers comprising (a) a vinyl ester in which the carbon atom alpha to the carboxy, i.e. the carbonyl of the carboxy group is a quaternary atom, (b) a vinyl ester of a saturated carboxylic acid which contains up to three carbon atoms and (c) a polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid in an amount of at least 5% by weight of the total weight of the monomers, dispersed in an aqueous medium may be prepared by emulsion polymerization of the monomers employing a free radical initiator at a pH less than 7. In the examples are used vinyl acetate, a vinyl ester of mixed fatty acids of formula C 8-11 H 18-22 O 2 , crotonic acid, acrylic acid, butyl half-ester of maleic acid, a polyethylene condensate with an alcohol, sodium salt of branched chain dodecyl toluene sulphonic acid, hydroxyethyl cellulose, potassium persulphate and a sorghum-based dextrin of very high amylopectin content. The emulsions gave clear solutions with excess ammonia, caustic alkali or an amino, e.g. morpholine.
Patent GB-1224939-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to piezoelectric ceramics
IPC: C04B35/46
Filed: 1969-07-10
Abstract: 1,224,939. Piezoelectric ceramics. NIPPON ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. 10 July, 1969 [12 July, 1968], No. 34919/69. Heading C1J. Piezoelectric ceramics consist of a solid solution of the ternary system Pb(FeY 2 SbY 2 )- O 3 -PbTiO 3 -PbZrO 3 , in which up to 25 atom per cent of the Pb can be replaced by Ca, Ba or Sr, and 0À10 to 3 wt. per cent of MnO. Some HfO 2  can be included in the ZrO 2  used to make the composition.
Patent GB-876480-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to swimming pools
IPC: E04H4/00
Filed: 1957-11-08
Abstract: 876,480. Swimming pools. MICROCELL Ltd., HODGSON, D. J., and GRAHAM, R. Nov. 11, 1958 [Nov. 8, 1957], No. 34940/57. Class 26. A swimming pool, as shown, comprises a tank consisting of a base 12 and wall panels 11 of mineral-fibre-reinforced plastic, releasably-secured together and to the base 12, and an elevated walkway 14 around the tank secured to the panels 11. These panels preferably have flanges for securing together, and the base 12 may comprise a series of panels so secured and of substantially waterproof fllexible sheet, e.g. rubberised canvas (over cross tie-members 13), sandwiched between a wooden frame 17 and the panels 11 supported thereon to give water tightness. The walkway 14 may be bolted to the panels 11 and supported on its periphery by tubes 15, the space beneath it being enclosed by (a) canvas curtain(s) 16, affixed to a beam 18, the tubes 15 passing through the walkway 14 and attached thereto by flanges 19, to form attachments for a surround 21.
Patent GB-393997-A (GB)
Title: Process for the recovery of lead and other metals from sulphide ores
IPC: C22B3/06
Filed: 1931-12-17
Abstract: Crude pyritic sulphide ores are exposed to the atmosphere in heaps or vats and treated with water without applying heat, whereby free sulphuric acid is generated, copper is removed as sulphate and the lead converted to sulphate.  The ore is then treated with a strong solution of brine or other chloride to extract lead, silver and gold, which are then precipitated together by iron or zinc, or the silver and gold may be first precipitated by lead and the lead be then precipitated by iron or zinc.  The residual brine, after treatment, if necessary, with limestone or magnesia to neutralize free hydrochloric acid, may be re-used in the process.
Patent GB-768389-A (GB)
Title: Magnetic information registering devices
IPC: G11C19/04
Filed: 1954-12-03
Abstract: 768,389. Electric digital-data-storage apparatus. BURROUGHS CORPORATION. Dec. 3, 1954 [Dec. 7, 1953; March 31, 1954], No. 35078/54. Class 106 (1). [Also in Group XXXIX] In a magnetic core stepping register, the coupling circuits connecting adjacent cores each include means for normally preventing the transfer of information; these means being selectively disabled when a transfer is to take place. The output winding 14, Fig. 1, of a core 108 is connected to the input winding 11 of the next core 109 by rectifiers 22, 25 which normally prevent current flow between the windings. However, centre taps on the latter are connected in series with the shift winding 18 to which advancing pulses are applied. Thus, an advancing pulse from a source 150 biases the rectifiers in opposite senses so that an output pulse induced in the winding 14 is transmitted to the winding 11. At the same time, the information bit registered in a core 110 is passed to a core 111, the corresponding windings being connected in the same circuit. A delayed pulse from a source 151 acting through a similar circuit completes the step shift. The circuits shown may be duplicated to enable information to be step-shifted in either direction. The biasing current which enables a transfer to be effected between two cores may be independent of the advancing pulses as shown in Fig. 6, in which a biasing current I renders effective a coupling circuit between cores 135, 136, transfer being effected by a pulse from a source 149. The current I is equally divided between the two branches of the coupling circuit and so is itself ineffective to alter the states of the cores. Transfer from the core 136 may be effected by a pulse from a source 170, selectively to a core 137 or to a core 237 by appropriately applying biasing currents Ia or Ib.. In a further embodiment, Fig. 7, the advancing pulses are applied to the coupling circuit asymmetrically as shown, so that the coil 141<SP>1</SP>, e.g. serves both as the shift winding and as the output winding. Separate resistors 298, 299 may be used in this case to balance the circuit. However, to increase the speed of operation, the input windings 142, 143 of the core 136 may be unbalanced in such a sense as to tend to re-set the core 136.
Patent GB-1111503-A (GB)
Title: Process for polymerizing cyclic n-vinyl compounds
IPC: C08F26/06
Filed: 1965-08-16
Abstract: N-vinyl lactams are polymerized in the presence of a free-radical forming catalyst and at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon and in the absence of a granulating agent. Copolymers with ethylenically unsaturated monomers other than certain dialkyl maleates and fumarates are included.  Suitable free-radical catalysts are peroxy acetates, a -acylamino peroxides, lactam peroxides, peroxyesters, and conventional azo compounds.  The examples relate to the polymerization of N-vinyl pyrrolidone or N-vinyl-e -caprolactam either alone or together with 2-ethylhexylacrylate, or mixtures of 2-ethyl-hexylacrylate with vinyl acetate or acrylamide, using heptane, isooctane, a petroleum fraction, or hexane as solvent and azo-bis-iso-butyronitrile or trimethylacetic acid-t-butyl-peroxy ester as catalyst.
Patent GB-835275-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of cyanine dyes
Inventor: KENDALL JOHN DAVID
IPC: C09B23/02
Filed: 1956-11-16
Abstract: Compounds of the general formula <FORM:0835275/IV (b)/1> wherein R1 is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group and X is hydrogen or one or more substituted halogen atoms, hydrocarbon, alkoxy or fused benz groups, are prepared by heating a 2-methyl-benzthiazole compound with a compound of the formula ROCH2COOR2 wherein R2 is a hydrocarbon group, in the presence of a strong base such as an alkali metal alkoxide. Examples are given of the reaction of 2-methyl-benzthiazole with ethyl ethoxyacetate, ethyl phenoxyacetate, or ethyl methoxyacetate in the presence of potassium ethoxide, and of the reaction of ethyl ethoxyacetate with 5 : 6-dimethoxy-, 5-chloro-, or 2 : 5-dimethyl-2-methylbenzthiazoles.  According to the Provisional Specification, the reaction may be carried out with any heterocyclic nitrogen base having a reactive a -methyl group, such as the 2-methyl derivatives of benzoxazole, quinoline, indolenine, pyrroline and thiazoline.ALSO:Cyanine dyes of the general formula <FORM:0835275/IV(c)/1> wherein R1 is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group R3 is an alkyl, aralkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, X is hydrogen or one or more substituent halogen atoms or hydrocarbon, alkoxy or fused benz groups, D completes a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic nucleus and n and m are 0 or 1, are prepared by reacting a benzthiazole having a 2-R1OCH2COCH- group with a compound of the formula <FORM:0835275/IV(c)/2> wherein Y is an anion and Q is a thioether, thioethervinyl or acetanilidovinyl group.  Examples are given of the preparation of dyes wherein R1 is methyl, ethyl or phenyl, R3 is ethyl or methyl, X is H, 5-chloro, 5-methyl or 5 : 6-dimethoxy, and D completes a benzthiazole, benzoxazole, 5-chlorobenzthiazole, 5-phenylbenzoxazole, 6-methoxybenzoxazole, 5 : 6-dimethylbenzoxazole, thiazoline, 2 - quinoline, 3 : 3 - dimethylindolenine and 4 : 4 - dimethylpyrrolidine nucleus. According to the Provisional Specification, the right-hand nucleus of the dyes is not limited to benzthiazole but may be any 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic nitrogen nucleus similar to the nucleus completed by D.
Patent GB-413006-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to toy forts and the like
IPC: F41J5/26
Filed: 1932-12-12
Abstract: 413,006. Table games; targets. EATON, C. T., Black Forest, Burley, near Ringwood, Hampshire. Dec. 12, 1932, No. 35132. [Classes 132 (ii) and 132 (iii).] In means for simulating an explosion in connection with a toy building such as a fort, elements such as B<2>, B<7>, B<4> representing towers, walls &c. are supported upon a baseboard B resting upon a box-like container A. Within the container, a lever D hinged at D <1> compresses a spring E, the free end of the lever key held by a latch F connected to the tower B<4>. When the tower is displaced by a projectile, the lever is freed and displaces the baseboard B upwards. The various parts may be packed in the box, the baseboard forming the lid.
Patent GB-448860-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cooling air guiding means for air-cooled rear-engine motor vehicles having aerodynamic bodies
IPC: B60K11/08
Filed: 1934-12-07
Abstract: 448,860. Covers and cooling arrangements for rear engines. TATRA WORKS, Ltd. MOTOR CAR & RAILWAY CARRIAGE & WAGON BUILDERS, 200, Kartouzska, Smichov, Prague. Dec. 7, 1934, No. 35159. Convention date, Oct. 15. [Class 79 (iii)] In order to supply cooling air to a rearengine compartment in a stream-lined motor vehicle, the rear part of the roof 1 over the seating compartment is downwardly sloped as at 3<a> on each side of a central portion 3 which preserves the stream line formation. Over the engine compartment, a roof or cover 5 with horizontal louvres 8, is connected to the central ridge 3 by hinges 6 and is shaped to conform to the main stream line so that apertures 7 for the admission of air are formed between its forward edge and the depressed roof portions 3<a>. Windows 4, 9<a>, are formed in the body portion and an air-flow partition 9, enabling a rear view to be obtained through the louvres 8.
Patent GB-842731-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of vinyl ethers
Filed: 1956-11-16
Abstract: Vinyl ethers are prepared by reacting a vinyl ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid at a temperature below +15 DEG C. with an aliphatic alcohol containing less than 6 carbon atoms in the presence of mercuric oxide or a mercury salt of a carboxylic acid as catalyst and an amount of a strong acid or boron fluoride etherate of less than 0,5% of the weight of the reaction mixture, and removing the vinyl ether formed by distillation during the reaction.  The distillation, ad vantageously effected under reduced pressure, may be accelerated with the aid of an inert gas.  The amount of mercury catalyst is suitably 0,5% by weight of the reaction mixture and that of the strong acid preferably 0,05 to 0,1%.  The process may be carried out continuously.  In Examples, a mixture of vinyl acetate and methyl or ethyl alcohol or vinyl propionate and methyl alcohol, containing mercury acetate and sulphuric acid is stirred for a time at -15 DEG to -8 DEG C. and then the pressure is reduced and the resulting ethyl or methyl vinyl ether is distilled off as formed at -15 DEG  up to -80 DEG C.  The propyl, butyl and alkyl vinyl ethers may be prepared similarly.
Patent GB-1145987-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods of etching
IPC: H05K3/06
Filed: 1966-08-08
Abstract: 1,145,987. Etching. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 8 Aug., 1966 [30 Aug., 1965], No. 35364/66. Heading B6J. A subject is etched by forming an original pattern, forming .at least two duplicate intermediate patterns from the original, forming at least two superimposed layers of photoresist on the subject, exposing, each layer through a different one of the intermediate patterns before the application of the next succeeding resist layer, the intermediate patterns being placed in register during exposure of the resist layers, developing the resist layers and etching the subject. The intermediate patterns, may be photographic negatives produced in an apparatus which is cleaned. between the production of eachnegative to rearrange the random position of dust. At least one more subject may be etched-by the above method, at least two super imposed layers of resist formed on another subject, each layer being. exposed: through a different. one of the first-mentioned subjects the resist layers developed- and the other subject etched. The subjects may be of metal on a glass base.
Patent GB-824478-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fluids suitable for lubrication and mechanical transmission of power
IPC: C11D11/02
Filed: 1957-11-13
Abstract: A fluid suitable for lubrication and mechanical transmission of power (particularly for brake, suspension and steering systems for motor cars and for clutch gears) comprises 35-70% based on the fluid of a diluent element comprising one or more alkyl ethers of a polyhydric alcohol, and 65-30% by weight of a lubricant element comprising a special castor oil having a viscosity of 20-600 poises at 20 DEG  C. and an acid number of less than 20, obtained by heating castor oil, and a polyoxyalkylene fluid having a molecular weight between 800 and 4000 or a neutral ester of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or a mixture thereof.  The lubricant element may contain additional ingredients such as castor oil, ricinoleic acid esters, phosphate esters, halohydrocarbons and silicones, while the diluent element may also contain additional ingredients such as alcohols (e.g. hexylene glycol) and ethers (e.g. triethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether). The fluid may also contain such ingredients as antioxidants (e.g. 2,4-dimethyl - 6 - tert. butyl - phenol) and anticorrosives (e.g. sodium oleate).  Alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols mentioned are mono-alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, diisobutylene glycol, ethylenepropylene glycol and ethylene-isobutylene glycol.  The special castor oil may be prepared by a process in which castor oil is oxidized during heating, for instance by bubbling air or other oxygen-containing gas through the oil.  The polyoxyalkylene fluid may have the formula R1O(R2O)nR3, wherein R1 and R3 each represent a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon radicle or an acyl group, R2 is an alkylene radicle and n is an integer.  The neutral ester of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid has the formula R1OOC.R.COOR11 in which R is a divalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radicle and R1 and R11 are alkyl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl radicles comprising more than 2 carbon atoms.  In the examples, fluids are described consisting of (a) monoethyl ether of diethylene glycol, oxidized special castor oil and polyoxypropylene glycol; (b) monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol, oxidized or non-oxidized special castor oil and dioctyl sebacate; and (c) monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol, mono-ethyl ether of diethylene glycol, oxidized special castor oil, dioctyl sebacate and castor oil.
Patent GB-773519-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of finely divided cellulose derivatives
IPC: C08B11/20
Filed: 1954-12-07
Abstract: Cellulose derivatives are converted into a finely-divided form by forming a lacquer-in-water emulsion, the lacquer consisting essentially of a solution of a film-forming cellulose ester or ether (or a mixture of these) in a substantially water-immiscible solvent boiling below 100 DEG  C., forming a thin layer of the emulsion, and evaporating substantially all liquid from the thin layer to obtain the cellulose derivative in dry, finely-divided form.  The water-immiscible solvent may contain a small proportion of a water-miscible solvent, the latter preferably having a higher boiling point than the waterimmiscible solvent. The cellulose derivative may be cellulose acetate, propionate, butyrate, benzoate, stearate, crotonate, acetate propionate, acetate butyrate, acetate benzoate, acetate phthalate, acetate sorbate or nitrate, or ethyl, benzyl or ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, or hydroxyethyl cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose crotonate or benzyl cellulose acetate. The water-immiscible solvent may be methylene chloride, ethyl chloride, ethylene dichloride or a liquid hydrocarbon, used alone or in combination with a water-soluble solvent such as a lower aliphatic alcohol, methyl or ethyl acetate or acetone.  When the cellulose derivative is ethyl cellulose or cellulose acetate it is preferred to use as the solvent a mixture of 80-95 parts by weight of methylene chloride and 20 to 5 parts by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol.  In an example an emulsion containing 20 parts of ethyl cellulose, 72 parts of methylene chloride, 8 parts of ethanol, 50 parts of water and 0.1 part of sodium dioctyl sulpho-succinate is poured into the valley of a rotating twin drum dryer to form on the drums a layer about 0.001 to about 0.01 inch thick, the temperature of the steam-heated drums being 210-220 DEG  F. and the drum speed being adjusted to produce complete drying, and the dry powdered ethyl cellulose is removed by a doctor blade. In another example cellulose acetate is similarly converted into a fine dry powder.  The emulsions may be produced by preparing a 10-20 per cent by weight solution of ethyl cellulose or cellulose acetate and 0.1-0.25 per cent of emulsifier in an 80/20 to 95/5 methylene chloride/ethanol mixture and adding to this, with agitation, about 0.5-1.0 part of water per part of lacquer solution. The oil-in-water emulsion thus produced may be further homogenized or colloided.  In the case of nitrocellulose the emulsion may be prepared using a 7-15 per cent solution of nitrocellulose in 55/35 methylene chloride/methyl or ethyl acetate mixture.  The cellulose derivative powders obtained may be used in preparing coating compositions wherein the powder is dispersed in a non-solvent medium such as water, an organic liquid, an organic plasticiser for the cellulose derivative or an organic liquid containing the plasticiser, and methods of preparing such compositions and forming coatings therefrom are described.  Specification 734,414 is referred to.