Patent GB-638625-A (GB)
Title: Shaped washing and cleansing bodies and process of making them
IPC: C11D9/26
Filed: 1946-07-15
Abstract: A cleansing composition in solid form is obtained by mixing a dispersion of cellulosic material with soap, soap substitute or saponifying agent together with saponifiable material, and subjecting the mixture to a treatment which converts the cellulosic material into a solid state insoluble in water. Cellulosic materials which may be employed are the water-soluble alkali xanthogenates of cellulose as well as the nitro-, acetyl- and butyryl-esters of cellulose which are soluble in organic solvents.  Examples of suitable soap substitutes are sulphated fatty alcohols, turkey red oil and polymerized ethylene oxide.  If cellulose xanthogenates are used, they may be mixed with a saponifiable material such as fat or fatty acid or with an acid whose alkali metal salts are soap substitutes, whereupon the cellulose xanthogenate is converted to solid cellulose hydrate, the liberated alkali hydroxide forming soap or soap substitute by reaction with the saponifiable material or the acid. Fillers, perfume, oils, colouring matter, glycerin, fat, solvents, superfatting agents and other conventional materials may also be added to the dispersions of cellulosic material and the mixture shaped into bars, flakes, cakes, sticks and the like. Thereupon the cellulosic material may be converted to the solid water-insoluble state by evaporation of organic solvent, by coagulation with acid, ammonium salt or other electrolyte bath, by coagulation with an atmosphere of CO2, by heat treatment or by drying at room temperature.  In examples: (1) soft soap is mixed with potassium xanthogenate solution, the mixture is formed into pieces and these are heated in an atmosphere of CO2; (2) turkey red oil is mixed with tale and an alcohol-ether solution of nitrocellulose, the mixture is formed into pieces and these are dried; and (3) vegetable oil such as soyabean or linseed oil is mixed with sand, chalk and sodium cellulose xanthogenate solution, the mixture is formed into pieces and these are heat-dried.ALSO:A cleansing composition in solid form is obtained by mixing a dispersion of cellulosic material with soap, soap substitute, or saponifying agent together with saponifiable material, and subjecting the mixture to a treatment which converts the cellulosic material into a solid state insoluble in water. Cellulosic materials which may be employed are the water-soluble alkali xanthogenates of cellulose as well as the nitro-, acetyl- and butyryl-esters of cellulose which are soluble in organic solvents. Examples of suitable soap substitutes are sulphated fatty alcohols, turkey red oil and polymerized ethylene oxide.  If cellulose xanthogenates are used, they may be mixed with a saponifiable material such as fat or fatty acid or with an acid whose alkali metal salts are soap substitutes, whereupon the cellulose xanthogenate is converted to solid cellulose hydrate, the liberated alkali hydroxide forming soap or soap substitute by reaction with the saponifiable material or the acid.  Fillers, perfume, oils, colouring matter, glycerin, fat, solvents, superfatting agents and other conventional materials may also be added to the dispersion of cellulosic material and the mixture shaped into bars, flakes, cakes, sticks and the like. Thereupon the cellulosic material may be converted to the solid water-insoluble state by evaporation of organic solvent, by coagulation with acid, ammonium salt or other electrolyte bath, by coagulation with an atmosphere of CO2, by heat treatment or by drying at room temperature.  In examples: (1) soft soap is mixed with potassium cellulose xanthogenate solution, the mixture is formed into pieces and these are heated in an atmosphere of CO2; (2) turkey red oil is mixed with talc and an alcohol-ether solution of nitrocellulose, the mixture is formed into pieces and these are dried, and (3) vegetable oil such as soyabean or linseed oil is mixed with sand, chalk and sodium cellulose xanthogenate solution, the mixture is formed into pieces and these are heat-dried.