baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2019506566-A (JP)
Title: 風力タービン、および電気エネルギーを発生させるための方法
IPC: F03D9/25
Filed: 2017-02-24
Abstract: 上流にハブ（３０７）が取り付けられた円筒状本体（３０１）、および円筒状本体（３０１）に配置された発生装置（３０３）を有する内側部材（３）と、ハウジングジャケット（５０１）、ハウジングジャケット（５０１）に配置され、断面が流れ方向に小さくなる、少なくとも１つの漏斗状部品（５０３）、および、ハウジングジャケット（５０１）における下流に配置されるキャップ部品（５０５）を有する外側部材（５）と、内側部材（３）を外側部材（５）に連結する少なくとも１つの軸受リブ（７）と、内側部材（３）の下流端に配置され、発生装置（３０３）に連結され、ロータ（９０１）を有する作動タービン（９）と、を備える風力タービン（１）であって；外側部材（５）は、内側部材（３）と共に、内側部材（３）の長さにわたって延在する少なくとも１つの先細部（５０７）を形成し、外側部材（５）は次いで、内側部材（３）の下流端に末広部（５０９）を形成する。また、風力タービン（１）を使用して空気流から電気エネルギーを発生させる方法に関する。【選択図】図４
Patent JP-2019506447-A (JP)
Title: ポリアルジミン及び硬化性ポリウレタン組成物
IPC: C08G18/10
Filed: 2016-12-20
Abstract: 本発明は、イソシアネート基を含む組成物のための潜在的硬化剤としての使用において有利な特性を有する式（Ｉ）のポリアルジミン、ならびに式（Ｉ）のポリアルジミンと、少なくとも１種のポリイソシアネートおよび／またはイソシアネート基を含有する少なくとも１種のポリウレタンポリマーとを含有する組成物に関する。式（Ｉ）のポリアルジミンは、無臭、ｐＨ中性、室温で液体であり、低い粘度を有し、熱および水分に対する感受性をほとんど有さず、かつイソシアネートと一緒の貯蔵で安定である。それは、貯蔵において良好な安定性を有し、水分の存在下で硬化する場合に泡を生成せず、問題のある臭気をもたらさず、良好な機械的特性を有しかつ意外にも可塑剤移行の傾向がほとんどない硬化弾性材料を与える、無臭の単一成分ポリウレタン組成物を提供することができる。
Patent JP-2019515257-A (JP)
Title: 光学フローセルおよびテストヘッド装置
IPC: G01N21/05
Filed: 2017-04-12
Abstract: 体液試料中の検体の分光学的決定において使用するための試料セル装置１００が、光学的に透明な材料からなる第１のプレート部材１０と、光学的に透明な材料からなり、第１のプレート部材１０と対向する第２のプレート部材２０とを含む。第１のプレート部材１０の面と第２のプレート部材の反対面とに延びるチャネル１２、２２が浮動密封材３０を収容する。浮動動密封材３０は、光学的測定のための体液の試料を貯留する流体チャンバ５０を囲む。流体チャンバ５０は、第１のプレート部材１０を第２のプレート部材２０から分離することによって、洗浄のために開くことができる。測定時、流体チャンバ５０は、第１のプレート部材１０と第２のプレート部材２０との間で浮動密封材３０を圧迫することなく、第１のプレート部材１０を第２のプレート部材２０に押し付けることによって、その中を通る再現可能光路長を画定するように閉じられる。【選択図】図１Ａ
Patent JP-2019522259-A (JP)
Title: ４値擬似ランダムバイナリシーケンスの生成および検査
IPC: G06F7/58
Filed: 2017-04-13
Abstract: 装置（１００，２００）および方法（１６０，２７０）は、概して、４値擬似ランダムバイナリシーケンス（「ＱＰＲＢＳ」）の生成および検査に関する。このような装置（１００）内には、生成されるＰＲＢＳ（１４）のシード（１１１）を受信するように構成された擬似ランダムバイナリシーケンス（ＰＲＢＳ）生成器（１０）がある。マスク生成器（１１０）は、ＰＲＢＳ（１４）に対応するマスク出力（１１５）を生成するように構成される。ＰＲＢＳ生成器（１０）およびマスク生成器（１１０）は両方とも、互いに対して順次動作するように構成されている。マスキング回路（１１７）が、マスク出力（１１５）およびＰＲＢＳ（１４）を受信して、ＰＲＢＳ（１４）をマスク出力（１１５）によってビットマスクして、ＱＰＲＢＳ（１０５）を生成するように構成されている。
Patent JP-2019519892-A (JP)
Title: 高温プラズマ内の低磁場およびヌル磁場の非摂動測定
IPC: H05H1/04
Filed: 2017-06-02
Abstract: 高温プラズマ内の低磁場およびヌル磁場の非摂動測定を促進する、システムおよび方法。本明細書に提供される種々の実施形態は、概して、高温プラズマ内の低磁場およびヌル磁場の非摂動測定を促進する、システムおよび方法を対象とする。ＦＲＣおよび磁気カスプ磁場構成を含む、高温プラズマ内の低磁場を測定するための例示的診断技法が、本明細書に提示される。本非摂動技法は、反転磁場、磁場振幅、空間プロファイル、および方向だけではなく、また、ゼロ磁場（ヌル）位置およびその形状を測定可能である。磁場のリアルタイム測定は、ＦＲＣ位置および不安定性の能動的フィードバック制御のために使用されることができる。
Patent JP-2019526227-A (JP)
Title: 卵巣がんおよび膵臓がんのためのバイオマーカーとしてムチン様タンパク質（ｍｌｐ）を検出するためのモノクローナル抗体、組成物および方法
IPC: A61K51/10
Filed: 2017-06-06
Abstract: 多様な実施形態では、本発明は、ムチン分泌型のがん、例として、卵巣がんまたは膵臓がんについてのバイオマーカーとしての、ＭＬＰを検出するための抗ムチン様タンパク質（ＭＬＰ）モノクローナル抗体、組成物および方法を提供する。これまでのところ、卵巣の悪性腫瘍の早期検出は、これまでまだ解決されていない要求である。現在使用されている腫瘍関連のバイオマーカーには、例えば、比較的非特異的な腫瘍マーカーであるＣＡ−１２５があるが、これらはいずれも、卵巣の悪性腫瘍を早期に検出することができない。本発明はこの課題を取り扱う。
Patent JP-2019519572-A (JP)
Title: Ｃｏｐｄを処置するための組成物および方法
IPC: A61P11/00
Filed: 2017-06-30
Abstract: グリコピロレートよりも少ない全身性副作用を有するソフト型抗コリン性エステルを、１日に１回または２回投与することによる、慢性閉塞性肺疾患（ＣＯＰＤ）および呼吸器の他の閉塞性疾患を処置するための方法および組成物。本出願は、呼吸器の閉塞性疾患（例えば、ＣＯＰＤ）に罹患している対象、特にヒトにおいて前記閉塞性疾患を処置するための方法および薬学的製剤に関する。本明細書での使用のための薬学的組成物は、前記閉塞性疾患の少なくとも１つの症状を低減または阻害するのに十分または有効な量または濃度、特に、呼吸を改善する量の、以下により詳細に記載されるグリコピロレートのソフト型エステルアナログである少なくとも１種のソフト型抗コリン剤を含む。
Patent JP-2019524990-A (JP)
Title: 基板処理装置用ガス噴射装置および基板処理装置
IPC: C23C16/509
Filed: 2017-07-14
Abstract: 本発明は、基板支持部に支持された基板に対して処理工程を実行するために、プラズマを生成するプラズマ生成部と、前記プラズマ生成部と結合する接地本体、前記プラズマ生成部が生成するプラズマを遮蔽するプラズマ遮蔽部を含む、前記プラズマ生成部のプラズマ生成のための第1電極、及び前記第1電極との間に処理ガスを噴射するためのガス噴射空間が形成されるように前記第1電極から離隔した位置で前記接地本体に結合する第2電極を含み、前記プラズマ遮蔽部は、前記回転軸に対する前記基板の前方側または前記基板の後方側の中の少なくとも一方において、前記プラズマ生成部が生成するプラズマを遮蔽することを特徴とする基板処理装置用のガス噴射装置および基板処理装置に関するものである。【選択図】図５
Patent JP-2019070665-A (JP)
Title: Micro-fluidic device for assaying biological activity
Inventor: KEVIN T CHAPMAN
IPC: G01N33/53
Filed: 2019-01-08
Abstract: To usefully assay biological activities of micro objects such as cells in biosciences and related fields.SOLUTION: A biological activity in a holding pen in a micro-fluidic device can be assayed by placing, in the holding pen, capture objects bonding to specific target materials produced by the biological activity. After that, each of the specific target biomaterials bonded to the capture objects can be assayed by one of: in the micro-fluidic device; or after the capture object is carried out of the micro-fluidic device. Assay can be used to characterize the biological activity in each of the holding pens. The biological activity can be production of the target biomaterial. Accordingly, the biological activity can correspond to or occur from one or more biological cells. The biological cells in the holding pens can be clone cell colonies.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2019146559-A (JP)
Title: Composition for eating and drinking
Inventor: MORIKAWA TAKUMI
IPC: A23L5/00
Filed: 2019-01-15
Abstract: To provide a charcoal-containing composition for eating and drinking that allows effective use of charcoal and has versatility.SOLUTION: A composition for eating and drinking contains at least one selected from the group consisting of charcoal, gooseberry, black soybean, black vinegar, Panax ginseng or barley young leaves.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Patent JP-2020118469-A (JP)
Title: Magnetic field detecting device using hall element or hall ic and proximity sensor using magnetic field detecting device
Inventor: HAGIYAMA Masaya
IPC: H01L43/06
Filed: 2019-01-18
Abstract: To provide a magnetic field detecting device which has a long service life and in which a magneto-sensitive direction is a horizontal direction, an operation width is wide, positioning is easy, and sensitivity is less likely to change due to an impact, and a proximity sensor using the magneto-sensitive detecting device.SOLUTION: A magnetic field detecting device 1 comprises a Hall element 3, and a magnetic substance 4 arranged in proximity to the Hall element 3 and for detecting a magnetic field in a horizontal direction to a magneto-sensitive surface of the Hall element 3. The magnetic substance 4 may be arranged in an upper side and/or a lower side of the magneto-sensitive surface of the Hall element 3. The Hall element 3 may be replaced with a Hall IC 13, and the hall IC may be used as the magnetic field detecting device. The magnetic field detecting device using the Hall element 3 and the Hall IC 13 can be used as a proximity sensor including a case covering the magnetic field detecting device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020108994-A (JP)
Title: Vehicle height adjustment device
Inventor: SHIBAHATA KOJI
IPC: B60G15/07
Filed: 2019-01-04
Abstract: To provide a vehicle height adjustment device capable of solving the problem that many of various types of conventional vehicle height adjustment devices already proposed and put into practical use, require, for a vehicle that is not mounted with a vehicle height adjustment device, not only replacement of a shock absorber of a suspension but also installation of auxiliary devices including power sources for adjusting the vehicle height on a vehicle body side, resulting in inevitable increase in costs, weight, failure risks, and maintenance costs.SOLUTION: The present invention can solve the above-mentioned problem by providing a screw mechanism inside a coil spring of a suspension, thereby, integrating an electric motor and a speed reducer for driving the screw mechanism, with a shock absorber so as to eliminate requirement of a pneumatic power source, a hydraulic power source, pneumatic piping, hydraulic piping, and the like which are conventionally mounted on a vehicle body side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020118341-A (JP)
Title: refrigerator
Inventor: OKADOME SHINICHIRO
IPC: F25D11/02
Filed: 2019-01-23
Abstract: To provide a refrigerator in which a temperature in any storage chamber does not become too high or too low, and which has enhanced preservation performance of food while enhancing energy saving performance, in the refrigerator which includes a plurality of storage chambers that can be set to a freezing temperature zone.SOLUTION: A refrigerator includes: a plurality of storage chambers which can be set to a freezing temperature zone; a plurality of sensors for detecting an indoor temperature of each of the plurality of storage chambers; a compressor; an evaporator; and a fan. The refrigerator includes a cooling operation for blowing air which has been brought to a low temperature by the evaporator by driving the compressor and the fan to the plurality of storage chambers. When any one out of the plurality of storage chambers detected by the plurality of sensors becomes higher in temperature than a first predetermined temperature of its own, the cooling operation is started.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9
Patent JP-2020119172-A (JP)
Title: Automated transaction device, control method of automated transaction device, and control program of automated transaction device
Inventor: NOGUCHI KEN
IPC: H02J7/00
Filed: 2019-01-23
Abstract: To provide an automated transaction device capable of using a plurality of batteries by extension, and prolonging the life of each battery to enable use.SOLUTION: An automated transaction device comprises: one or more load units that receive power supply; a power supply unit that supplies power to the load unit from one of a commercial power supply and a plurality of batteries; a diagnostic unit that measures internal resistance of each of the plurality of batteries and determines life diagnosis of each of the plurality of batteries in multiple stages by a plurality of thresholds; and a control unit that can select a plurality of operation modes with different power consumption depending on operation states of the one or more load units, and switches the power supply unit so as to be supplied from a battery for use selected from the plurality of batteries when the power supply unit receives no power from the commercial power supply, and excludes the operation mode diagnosed as the life of the battery to be used from the selectable operation modes, and controls the operation of the one or more load units according to the selected operation mode.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2019059627-A (JP)
Title: Sheet folding apparatus, image forming apparatus and image forming system
Inventor: YAMAMOTO KAZUYA
IPC: B65H7/08
Filed: 2019-01-28
Abstract: To provide a sheet folding apparatus, an image forming apparatus and an image forming system capable of eliminating unintended bending and twisting of a sheet and performing good folding.SOLUTION: There is provided a sheet folding apparatus 1, including: first sheet conveying means 11 for holding a part of a sheet and applying a conveying force to the sheet; second sheet conveying means 13 and 14 arranged at downstream of the first sheet conveying means in a sheet conveying direction, and configured to hold a part of the sheet and apply a conveying force to the sheet; folding portion forming means 12 and 13 for forming a folding portion on the sheet by holding a folded back portion formed on the sheet portion between the first sheet conveying means and the second sheet conveying means by holding the part of the sheet by the first sheet conveying means and applying to the sheet a conveying force for returning the sheet to the upstream side in the sheet conveying direction by the second sheet conveying means. The conveying force of the first sheet conveying means is smaller than the conveying force of the second sheet conveying means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020123179-A (JP)
Title: Ordering system, ordering server device, and ordering program
Inventor: Tan Jaclyn Tiffanie
IPC: G06Q10/00
Filed: 2019-01-31
Abstract: To order a consumable item.SOLUTION: An ordering server device receives low remaining amount notification from a second client device, determines whether there is a schedule for ordering or a consumable item ordered in the latest specific period to a first client device, when determining that there is a schedule for ordering or a consumable item ordered in the latest specific period to the first client device, determines a first remaining amount that is the remaining amount of a consumable item used in the first client device when determining to order the consumable item to the first client device, receives, from the first client device, a second remaining amount that is the remaining amount of the consumable item currently used by the first client device, determines whether the second remaining amount is larger or smaller than the first remaining amount, when determining that the second remaining amount is larger than the first remaining amount, determines whether the second remaining amount is less than the second threshold, and when determining that the second remaining amount is less than the second threshold, determines not to order a new consumable item to the second client device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8
Patent JP-2019088853-A (JP)
Title: Global backflow prevention assembly
Inventor: ANDREW MAX SCHULTZ
IPC: A47K5/12
Filed: 2019-01-31
Abstract: To provide a backflow prevention assembly for global use with dispensers requiring a variety of backflow prevention devices based on regulatory standards.SOLUTION: A backflow prevention assembly 70 comprises: a housing 72 comprising a first quick attach connector and a second quick attach connector 82 configured to be fluidly coupled to an inlet tube 68 and an outlet tube 69; a flow controller 100 fluidly coupled to the housing 72 and configured for prevention of backflow of liquid to the inlet tube 68; and a cover 92 at least partially surrounding the housing 72 and provided with at least one vent, the housing 72 forming a fluid flow channel connecting the inlet tube 68 to the outlet tube 69, and the first quick attach connector and the second quick attach connector 82 comprising a non-threaded coupling between the inlet tube 68 and the outlet tube 69 such that the coupling between the inlet tube and the outlet tube can become compliant on a substantially global basis.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5
Patent JP-2020123886-A (JP)
Title: Communication terminal and address setting method thereof
Inventor: KIMURA SHINSUKE
IPC: H04L12/28
Filed: 2019-01-31
Abstract: To provide a communication terminal requiring no DIP switches for address setting to reduce the size and cost thereof.SOLUTION: Disclosed communication terminal 20 includes: a non-volatile memory 26 in which a self-address is preset; a control unit 21 that receives a transmission data based on the received address and the self-address of the non-volatile memory 26; and a connector 31 that has an address terminal 31a corresponding to bits for setting with the self-address. The control unit 21 includes an address setting part 23 for setting the self-address on the non-volatile memory 26 based on the logical level of the address terminal 31a. The address setting part 23 is configured so as to, when at least one address terminal 31a is different from the logical level of the other address terminals 31a, write the self address of the non-volatile memory 26 as the logical value of the setting bit of the logical level of the respective address terminals 31a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020124098-A (JP)
Title: Electric actuator
Inventor: KINJO SHUICHI
IPC: F16H1/32
Filed: 2019-01-31
Abstract: To provide an electric actuator capable of suppressing the inclination of an internal gear in a deceleration mechanism case and stably increasing the transmission efficiency of rotation transmitted from a motor shaft to an output shaft via a deceleration mechanism.SOLUTION: An electric actuator to which the rotation of a motor shaft is transmitted through a deceleration mechanism includes an output shaft, a bearing, and a deceleration mechanism case 13. The motor shaft has an eccentric shaft portion centered on an eccentric shaft that is eccentric with respect to the central axis. The bearing fits radially outside the eccentric shaft portion. The deceleration mechanism includes an annular internal gear centered on the central axis, an external gear that is connected to the eccentric shaft portion through the bearing, is radially arranged on the inner side of the internal gear, and that meshes with internal gear, and an output flange portion that transmits the rotation around the central axis of the external gear to the output shaft. The deceleration mechanism case 13 includes a plurality of gear support portions 13f that support an end surface of the internal gear that faces one side in the axial direction and that are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5
Patent JP-2019077193-A (JP)
Title: Laminated film
Inventor: NAKANO ASAHIRO
IPC: B32B27/36
Filed: 2019-02-05
Abstract: To provide a laminated film having an inorganic thin film layer using a PET bottle recycled polyester resin having high laminate strength and reduced thickness unevenness, and a sealant layer.SOLUTION: Provided is a laminated film having an inorganic thin film layer using a polyester film being a polyester film containing a polyester resin recycled from a PET bottle by 50 to 95 wt.%, in which the content of an isophthalic acid component to the total dicarboxylic acid component in the total polyester resin composing the polyester film is 0.5 to 5.0 mol%, and having specified intrinsic viscosity, thermal shrinkage, water vapor permeability, oxygen permeability and thickness unevenness, and a sealant layer.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Patent JP-2020130356-A (JP)
Title: Game machine
Inventor: TANAKA MASAYA
IPC: A63F7/02
Filed: 2019-02-15
Abstract: To provide a game machine including an inexpensive high-functionality light-emitting device.SOLUTION: A light-emitting device includes: an LED board 81 for mounting a full-color LED (light-emitting means); a first sheet 84 that has a special color transmission part for transmitting, for example yellow (first color) and a transparent part as the remaining part and is arranged in a front side in which output light from the LED is applied to the LED board 81; and a third sheet 86 having a transmission limitation part for limiting transmission of light and a transparent part as the remaining part. The transparent part of the third sheet 86 is formed in a position overlapping with a special color transmission part of the first sheet 84.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6
Patent JP-2020134396-A (JP)
Title: Substrate for electric inspection
Inventor: NAKAMURA MICHITAKA
IPC: H05K3/46
Filed: 2019-02-22
Abstract: To increase the intensity of a substrate for an electric inspection.SOLUTION: The substrate for an electric inspection of the present disclosure includes: a ceramic substrate on which a plurality of ceramic layers are deposited; and an electrode formed on at least one of the front surface and the back surface of the ceramic substrate. The plurality of ceramic layers include a plane ceramic layer forming at least one of the front surface and the back surface of the ceramic substrate and an inside ceramic layer in the ceramic substrate. The plane ceramic layer is thinner than the inside ceramic layer, the inside ceramic layer contains Ag, and the plane ceramic layer does not contain Ag.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Patent JP-2020135834-A (JP)
Title: Parameter determination method, parameter determination device, and parameter determination program
Inventor: HIRAI SHIN
IPC: G06F30/10
Filed: 2019-02-26
Abstract: To enable the determination of an elastic parameter of a sole optimum to a user with high accuracy.SOLUTION: An information processing device is caused to execute: model creation processing for creating a simulation model having a plurality of links connected and using a rigid body link model with a spring that deforms in a direction perpendicular to a sole provided in the sole on the basis of the body weight of a user and measurement information obtained by measuring movement of a plurality of measurement places of the body of the user during prescribed movement by the user; simulation execution processing for executing simulation for giving a spring constant of the spring to the simulation model and acquiring data representing movement of the rigid body link model as a simulation result by setting the spring constant to a plurality of kinds of values; and characteristic determination processing for determining a spring constant of the sole optimum to the user from among a plurality of kinds of values on the basis of the simulation result obtained by the simulation execution processing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Patent JP-2020139756-A (JP)
Title: Vibration sensor
Inventor: KANDA TOI
IPC: G01H1/00
Filed: 2019-02-26
Abstract: To provide a vibration sensor capable of suppressing unwanted vibration.SOLUTION: A vibration sensor 10 is provided, comprising: a case body 20 and lid to be attached to an installation surface 1A of a vibrating body 1; a leg 24 made of a permanent magnet fixed onto a bottom face 20B of the case body 20; and a double-sided tape 30 for bonding the leg 24 to the installation surface 1A of the vibrating body 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4
Patent JP-2020140262-A (JP)
Title: Operation support device and vehicle
Inventor: YOSHIDA YASUKI
IPC: G08G1/127
Filed: 2019-02-26
Abstract: To determine how long to wait for a user when the user is not at a planned boarding position.SOLUTION: An operation support device 10 is a device for supporting operation of a vehicle 20 whose operation plan 21 is determined according to a desired boarding position by reservation. The operation support device 10 includes a control unit 11 that determines whether a user is at the boarding position at a time point when the vehicle 20 arrives at the boarding position, and when determining that the user is not, sets a stop time of the vehicle 20 at the boarding position according to a delay situation 22 of the vehicle 20 with respect to the operation plan 21 at the time point and the operation plan 21 after the time point.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020139471-A (JP)
Title: Drive force control device
Inventor: AMANO YOSHIHIKO
IPC: B60W10/00
Filed: 2019-02-28
Abstract: To provide a drive force control device which can prevent a driver from feeling an incongruity in a behavior of a vehicle, and can stabilize the behavior of the vehicle.SOLUTION: A drive force control device 1 performs first control processing for temporarily reducing an actuator throttle opening smaller than a requirement throttle opening by releasing or weakening the engagement of dogs of a dog-type transmission, and second control processing for restoring the actual throttle opening to the requirement throttle opening succeeding to the first control processing. When a change amount of a traveling speed of a vehicle reaches a prescribed value or larger at the second control processing, the drive force control device controls the actual throttle opening so as to be mildly restored to the requirement throttle opening compared with the case that the change amount is smaller than the prescribed value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020150415-A (JP)
Title: Method for manufacturing elastic wave device, wafer, filter, and multiplexer
Inventor: SHIMIZU YOHEI
IPC: H03H9/72
Filed: 2019-03-13
Abstract: To make chips appropriately.SOLUTION: The elastic wave device includes: a supporting substrate; a piezoelectric substrate provided on the supporting substrate; a pair of comb-like electrodes provided on the piezoelectric substrate; a first insulating layer provided between the supporting substrate and the piezoelectric substrate, the first insulating layer having a lower index of refraction than that of the supporting substrate; and a second insulating layer provided between the first insulating layer and the supporting substrate, the second insulating layer having a first surface between the second insulating layer and the supporting substrate and a second surface between the second insulating layer and the first insulating layer, the first surface having a larger surface roughness than that of the second surface, the second insulating layer having a higher index of refraction than that of the first insulating layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1