Patent GB-984047-A (GB)
IPC: D04H1/4258
Abstract: 984,047. Laminates. CHICOPEE MANUFACTURING CORPORATION. May 3, 1961 [May 3, 1960; Sept. 9, 1960 (2)], No. 16106/61. Heading B5N. Laminated fabrics comprise two or more layers of unwoven non- elastomeric fibrous material bonded together at spaced points only to give a puffed and more attractive surface appearance. The fabrics are produced by selecting an inner layer or layers of shrinkable material, and one or more outer layers of unshrinkable or less shrinkable material, and subjecting the compound fabric after bonding to a shrinking process. Bonding may be effected over particular lines or areas, in which case the unbonded areas are raised generally over the fabric to produce an irregularly puckered surface due to the tearing apart of some fibres under stress. As shown, in Fig. 3, the construction of which is not limited to non-elastomeric fibres, a shrinkable layer 14<SP>1</SP> and an unshrinkable layer 10<SP>1</SP> are bonded on lines 16<SP>1</SP> to produce regular raised surface portions 12<SP>1</SP> after shrinking. A layer such as 10<SP>1</SP> may be provided on each side of the layer 14<SP>1</SP>. Shrinking may be effected by heat or chemical treatment. Shrinkable, especially heat shrinkable, fibres include those made of polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-acetate copolymers, vinyl-vinylidene chloride copolymers, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyolefins such as low and high density polythene and isotactic polypropylene, and polyacrylics. Non- or less shrinkable fibres include unshrinkable varieties of the above materials, natural fibres such as cotton and linen, and fibres of regenerative cellulose, cellulose acetate and triacete, polyamides such as nylon 6, 6À6, and 11, fluorocarbons, and glass and other mineral fibres. Mixtures of fibres may be used, and are described, in both kinds of layers; the shrinkable layers may include only 5%, but preferably 16-50% a more, of shrinkable fibres. The fibres used are preferably <SP>3</SP>/ 16  in. upwards in length and the layers may be formed by carding, air-laying or water laying. The bonding spacing is preferably such as to bond the shrinkable fibres on the average at at least two points. Bonding agents usable are regenerated cellulose, vinylchloride, acetate and alcohol polymers and copolymers, acrylic resins, butadieneacrylonitrile and -styrene copolymers, other synthetic rubbers, natural rubber, phenol-, resorcinol-, urea-, and melamine-formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl- and hydroxyethyl cellulose, starches, gums and casein. Th se may be used as emulsions, dispersions, solutions &c. as powders or heat and/or pressure and/or solvents may be used to produce self-binding of some fibres. The binder compositions may be viscous and effect bonding over limited areas only or may contain wetting agents to spread their effect. The binders may be applied in a great variety of patterns, for example by profiled rollers. Examples are given of the combination of layers of various fibres and mixtures of fibres, bonded together by specified agents and shrunk, after heat or other setting of the binders, by heat treatment, for example in an oven, or by chemical treatment, for example with caustic soda solution. Specifications 674,779, 677,928, 744,839, 745,065, 833,679, 836,397, 862,545 and 885,006 are referred to.