Patent GB-796856-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of aluminium sulphate
Inventor: BROOKSBANK HARRY PERCIVAL
IPC: C01F7/74
Filed: 1954-10-14
Abstract: <PICT:0796856/III/1> <PICT:0796856/III/2> In producing aluminium sulphate from aluminous materials and sulphuric acid, said reactants are continuously and rapidly mixed and immediately directed on to a continuously agitated mass of solid bodies whereby the product is obtained in nodular form. Suitable aluminous materials are gibbsitic bauxite and clays, and the solid bodies preferably consist of preformed aluminium sulphate nodules although balls of acid resisting metal, porcelain, glass or flint may be used; in this case the nodules may be removed from the reactor, treated in a mill and separated from the inert bodies which are then returned to the reactor either cold or preheated.  In the embodiment described, aluminous material enters a rapid mixer 20 (see Fig. 2) through pipe 33 and is there mixed with a stream of sulphuric acid.  The aluminous material may be supplied dry or as a slurry in water or aluminium sulphate solution, in the presence of which said material may be ground.  The slurry and/or sulphuric acid may be heated prior to mixing.  The mixture passes down a shoot 21 into a drum 10 which rotates about a horizontal axis and may be lead-lined and about 8 ft. in diameter, and is discharged on to a mass of bodies 24 (Fig. 1), which continually cascade over one another.  Reaction takes place largely on the surface of the bodies which are built up in size whilst smaller nodules also form.  The bodies are continuously discharged through opening 12a into a screw conveyer 26.  The apparatus may include a scraper 38 having a side arm 36 which prevent excessive build-up upon the cylindrical surface and an end wall of the drum, but is preferably adjusted to allow a half inch layer to build up.  A partition 53 extending only a part of the way down the drum and attached to the scraper supporting rod 39 may also be provided to permit conditioning of set particles with superheated steam in the discharge end of the drum. Lifting vanes 50 may be employed to raise the bodies and allow them to fall on to a screen 52 which may if desired be vibrated whereby oversize particles are removed and smaller particles remain for further use.  Preferably the reaction mixture is directed on to the falling nodules.  The discharge end of drum 10 is partly covered by a shield 48 which restricts escape of steam and inflow of cold air and carries a steam discharge pipe 49 fitted with a regulating damper.  Sulphuric acid of density 1.68 and discharge temperature of 120 DEG  C are referred to: the exothermic heat of reaction may be supplemented by heating the drum externally or by directing the combustion products of an oil or gas burner thereinto.  Preference is made to Specification 796,857, [Group II], which describes and claims the apparatus.ALSO:An aluminium sulphate material produced by reaction of an aluminous material such as bauxite or clay with sulphuric acid (see Group III), and containing insoluble matter derived from the insoluble portion of said aluminous material or deliberately added during production, may be used, in conjunction with finely divided colloidal material such as silica, for the coagulation and clarification of water or as a filter aid in the filtration of water.  The aluminium sulphate material may contain over 18 per cent of water-soluble alumina. Specification 796,857 [Group II] is referred to.