Patent GB-368853-A (GB)
Title: A process for preparing, moistening, emulsifying and equalising preparations for thetextile and leather industries
IPC: C11C3/00
Filed: 1930-12-06
Abstract: Emulsifying agents are obtained when fatty acids, or their derivatives containing ten or more carbon atoms are sulphonated in the presence of substances known to promote sulphonation, and the washed sulphonation products, before neutralization are treated with alcohols, mono alkyl esters of sulphuric acid or their salts, dialkyl esters of sulphuric acid or alkyl esters of chlorsulphonic acid.  The sulphonation and/or the treatment of the washed product may be repeated one or more times and amines such as triethanolamine, dimethylamine, aniline and pyridine may be used for the final neutralization.  In examples (1) castor oil is treated with a mixture of sulphuric acid and phosphorus trichloride and after being washed, the product is heated with n-sodium amyl sulphate or iso butyl alcohol; (2) castor oil fatty acid is acetylated and sulphonated with a mixture of sulphuric acid and phosphorus trichloride; after washing, the product is heated with a solution of sodium n-amyl sulphuric acid, and then, to improve its resistance to acids, alkalies and alkaline earth salts is sulphonated with a mixture of oleum and phosphoric acid; (3) the final product of the last example is heated with an aqueous solution of sodium n-amylsulphuric acid whereby its wetting and dispersing properties are increased. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 313,160, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes, &c.]ALSO:Fatty acids or their derivatives containing ten or more carbon atoms are sulphonated in the presence of substances known to promote sulphonation, and the washed sulphonation products, before neutralization are treated with alcohols, mono alkyl esters of sulphuric acid or their salts, dialkyl esters of sulphuric acid or alkyl esters of chlorsulphonic acid.  The treatment with the alcohols &c. may be effected at ordinary or increased temperature, and the heating may be under pressure or with reflux cooling.  The sulphonation and/or the treatment of the washed product may be repeated one or more times, and amines such as triethanolamine, dimethylamine, aniline and pyridine may be used for the final neutralization.  The products are stated to be wetting, emulsifying and equalizing agents which may be used in the textile and leather industries.  In examples, (1) castor oil is treated with a mixture of sulphuric acid and phosphorus trichloride, and after being washed, the product is heated with n-sodium amyl sulphate or iso butyl alcohol; (2) castor oil fatty acid is acetylated and sulphonated with a mixture of sulphuric acid and phosphorus trichloride; after washing, the product is heated with a solution of sodium n-amyl sulphuric acid, and then, to improve its resistance to acids, alkalis and alkaline earth salts, is sulphonated with a mixture of oleum and phosphoric acid; (3) the final product of the last example is heated with an aqueous solution of sodium n-amylsulphuric acid whereby its wetting and dispersing properties are increased.  Specification 368,812 is referred to.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 313,160, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.].