baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-765609-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of esters of bicarboxylic acids
IPC: B01J23/10
Filed: 1954-12-16
Abstract: Monomeric bis glycol esters of terephthalic or isophthalic acid or mixtures thereof are prepared by ester interchange by heating an ester of terephthalic or isophthalic acid or a mixture of such esters with a glycol in the presence of a catalytic amount of lanthanum oxide.  Esters mentioned as starting materials are the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, or phenyl esters of terephthalic or isophthalic acid. Glycols mentioned are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and butylene glycol.  The interchange is effected by heating the ester and glycol in the presence of from 0.005 per cent to 0.1 per cent by weight of lanthanum oxide based on the phthalic esters present, in an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen while removing the more volatile mono-hydric alcohol by distillation.  The excess glycol is then distilled off to obtain the desired bis glycol ester.  An example is given in which a mixture of bis ethylene glycol terephthalate and isophthalate is prepared from the corresponding dimethyl esters and ethylene glycol.
Patent GB-1174146-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Semiconductor Devices
Inventor: LEWIS COLIN BRIGHT
IPC: H01L23/42
Filed: 1967-08-09
Abstract: 1,174,146. Semi-conductor device. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 6 Aug., 1968 [9 Aug., 1967], No. 36528/67. Heading H1K. To allow efficient heat dissipation, connection to a semi-conductor device 2, such as a thyristor, where a first electrode 12 is surrounded by a second electrode on the same surface 8 of the device, is afforded by a thermally and electrically conductive member 10 overlying and connecting with the second electrode and having a recess 18 at the position of the first electrode and a laterally extending passageway 16 to accommodate an insulated lead 14 which connects with the first electrode. The semi-conductor device is mounted on a base 4 of molybdenum or tungsten which provides electrical and thermal connection to its other surface 6. The conductive member 10 and the semiconductor device 2 are held in pressure contact, and are sealed within a container to which heat sinks can be applied and with which the semiconductor device is in good thermal contact. The conductive member 10 may be or copper and silver, or may be a copper or molybdenum body with separate layers of gold over its contact surfaces.
Patent GB-1441417-A (GB)
Title: Gas purification indicating addressing errors on output devices in data processing
IPC: B01D45/14
Filed: 1973-08-01
Abstract: 1441417 Centrifugal separator, cleaning gases H SCHMITZ 1 Aug 1973 36557/73 Headings B1R and B2P A gas purification apparatus comprises a drum-like enclosed chamber whose maximum axial width is substantially less than its radius, the chamber having disc-shaped side walls 2 with radially outer edge portions which are stepped axially outwardly of central areas of the side walls so as to define an axially narrower central space 6 surrounded by an axially wider annular peripheral space 7; inlet openings I defined in the side walls in a radially outer area of the central space and angled to operatively direct a main stream of gases to be purified into the central space to produce a vor tex 3 flowing towards exit openings 4at the centres of the side walls; and a collecting enclosure 14 beyond the radially outer periphery of the chamber to receive impurities 13 separated from the main stream by centrifugal force. Gases which fill the space 7 due to pressure differentials and frictional effects of the chamber walls are caused to rotate as two side-byside annular streams 9, 10 about their own circular axes (as indicated by arrow 12) as well as being made to rotate along their circular axes about the chamber axes (indicated by arrow 11) in the same direction as the vortex due to the effect of the main stream on their inner edges. The coarse or heavy particles 13 of impurities separated by centrifugal force pass through the streams 9, 10 into the enclosure 14. Lattice bars 16 are provided at the entry to the enclosure to prevent diversion of the streams 9, 10 into the enclosure. Molecules 18 of water vapour present in the gases are concentrated and condensed into liquid drops 25 to which fine impurities 14 adhere to form combined drops 27 which are also centrifugally separated from the main stream and pass into the enclosure 14. Concentration and condensation of the water vapour are assisted by a rotary blade system mounted on a shaft 19 driven by a motor 19. The system consists of paddle wheels 21, 22 which rotate in the same sense as the vortex and which are connected to a hub 24 on shaft 19 by strips 23 which are provided with liquid collecting pockets or channels along which the liquid is propelled under centrifugal force into the paddle wheels. Removal of impurities may be improved by the addition of liquid from the exterior through passages 29, 30 within drive shaft 20 and hub 24. Reduction, reaction or catalytic media, e.g. in sludge form, may also be supplied in this way. Baffles 8 prevent liquid creeping along side walls 2 from reaching the purified gas outlet openings 4.
Patent GB-1237544-A (GB)
Title: Thin film resistors
Inventor: KOO JAMES TEH-ZEN
IPC: H01C17/26
Filed: 1968-08-01
Abstract: 1,237,544. Making resisters. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. 1 Aug., 1968 [7 Aug., 1967], No. 36712/68. Heading H1S. [Also in Division C7] Film resistors 23 are adjusted to their final value by anodizing, an electrode (cathode) 27 being deposited on the substrate 21 as a film, an electrolyte being placed in contact with both the electrode film and the resistor film 23 and an anodizing current from an external source 30 being passed between the two films until the resistor reaches the required value. This value may be ascertained by a monitoring device 33. At least two interconnected resistive elements 22, 23 may be deposited on the same substrate, in which case an isolation electrode 29 may be provided. Electrode 29 is connected to earth or to a slightly negative potential to ensure that resistor 22 is not anodized during anodizing of resistor 23. Alternatively, 29 may be omitted, cathode 28 acting as an isolation electrode. The resistors may be of tantalum, aluminium, titanium, niobium, hafnium or nickel-chromium or compounds thereof (e.g. tantalum nitride) of from 350 Angstroms to 25,000 Angstroms thickness. The electrolyte used may be boric, citric, acetic or oxalic acid and may be held in a felt pad or by claws. The substrate may be ceramic. In an example an unglazed ceramic substrate was first provided with nickel-chromium-copperpalladium terminals by evaporation. After ultrasonic cleaning the substrate was then placed in a vacuum chamber containing sputtering apparatus including a tantalum carbide, the chamber being evacuated to approximately 2 Î 10<SP>-6</SP> millimeters of mercury following which it was heated to 400 C. and nitrogen was admitted at 15 microns pressure. A D.C. voltage of 5000 volts between the tantalum cathode and the (grounded) anode was used for sputtering, a mechanical mask being provided to obtain a tantalum nitride resistor film of 1000 Angstroms thickness (14, Fig. 1, not shown) and a neighbouring film (15) to act as cathode for use in anodizing the resistive film. The electrolyte for this anodizing process was citric acid solution held in a contact pad.
Patent GB-901491-A (GB)
Title: Impregnated paper and paper-like porous fibrous sheets and the process of impregnating them
IPC: D21H17/37
Filed: 1958-11-14
Abstract: 901,491. Paper &c. containing synthetic resins. ROHM & HAAS CO. Nov. 14, 1958 [Nov. 19, 1957], No. 36764/58. Class 96. Paper is impregnated with an aqueous dispersion, of viscosity not above 5 poises, of a water-insoluble copolymer prepared from (1) at least 25%, e.g. 25 to 98%, by weight of at least one acrylic acid ester of an aliphatic alcohol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and (ii) an amount, e.g. 2 to 5%, of one or more of: acrylic, methacrylic, itaconic, aconitic, maleic, fumaric, dimer or trimer of methacrylic, acids, acryl-, methacryl-, N-methacryl-, N-ethylacryl-, N- methylmethacryl-, N-ethylmethacryl-, amides, a hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate having 2 to 4 alkyl carbon atoms, the monomeric mixture including, if necessary, (iii) a balancing amount of up to 73% of a C 1  to C 3  alkyl acrylate and/or up to 16% of a C 1  to C 18  alkyl methacrylate. The copolymer should have a second order transition temperature between- 25 and - 45 C. and may be converted to a salt form if it contains free carboxylic acid groups. At least 10% of the copolymer, based on the dry fibre weight of the paper sheet, is deposited thereon, the pH of the copolymer dispersion used being suitably between 2 and 10; the sheet is then dried and baked at 210 to 400 F. to set the polymer. Paper which may be impregnated may be from 5 to 250 mils. thick and comprise fibres beaten to a Canadian Freeness value 450 or more, e.g. kraft, rag, soda, sulphate, sulphite, or ground wood-pulp, cotton linters, jute, hemp, sisal, strings, chopped canvas, synthetic fibres such as nylon, acrylonitrile polymers and its copolymers with vinyl acetate, -chloride, or -pyridine, and esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid. The paper may also contain from 0.5 to 5% of a thermosetting resin and include up to 10% of glass fibres.
Patent GB-836073-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to resilient seals
Inventor: WALTER DAVID WILLIAM JAMES
IPC: F16J15/10
Filed: 1957-11-26
Abstract: 836,073. Joint-making packing. PRECISION RUBBERS Ltd. Nov. 21, 1958 [Nov. 26, 1957], No.36871/57. Class 122 (3). A resilient seal comprises a core of a silicone elastomer compound based on di-methyl-polysiloxane, methyl - phenyl poly - siloxane, or methyl-vinyl poly-siloxane and a covering layer of a fabric which is impregnated and/or coated with elastomer which has low temperature resistance and also resistance to attack by kerosene and petroleum fuels, the assembly so formed being vulcanized to form a coherent whole. The core may be solid, tubular or cellular and the fabric, which may be of knitted, woven or plaited form or filaments wound on the core, is made of nylon, glass filaments or " Terylene " (Registered Trade Mark). The fuel-resistant elastomer may be a fluoro-silicone rubber.
Patent GB-1178406-A (GB)
Title: Electron Gun Including an Ion Trap.
IPC: H01J37/07
Filed: 1967-08-11
Abstract: 1,178,406. Ion trapping in cathode-ray tubes. R. C. A. CORPORATION. 11 Aug., 1967 [6 Sept., 1966], No. 36920/67. Heading H1D. An electron beam gun for use in a c.r.t. or an electron microscope for example, comprises lens means including, grid cap 14, electrodes 22, 28 and pointed portion 42 of electrode 38 for instance for expanding the electron beam in all radial directions from the axis of the beam along a portion of its length and for hollowing out an expanded portion to provide an electron free space. Disc electrode 60 stops the passage of ions and electrodes 38, 50 and 52 for example reduce the radial diameter of the beam. Defocusing due to further accelerating electrodes (constituting a lens of long focal length) beyond electrodes 72, 80 and 82 (constituting a lens of short focal length) may be overcome by small potential changes to grid cap 14. The cathode may be of W and the other electrodes of a non-magnetic conductor, and stainless steel is instanced.
Patent GB-874040-A (GB)
Title: Conveyor apparatus
IPC: B65G17/06
Filed: 1958-11-17
Abstract: 874,040. Endless plate conveyers. WILLY A.G., G. Nov. 17, 1958 [Nov. 20, 1957], No. 36926/58. Class 78 (1). In an endless plate conveyer in which the plates 2, Fig. 2, are provided with an arcuate projection at one end and an arcuate recess at the other end, the pivotal point between a link 1<SP>1</SP> and a link 1<SP>11</SP> lies substantially beneath the centre of curvature of the arcuate projection of the corresponding plate, the plates 2 being rigidly connected at right angles to links 11 which are interconnected, in turn, by one or more links 1<SP>11</SP> to form an endless round link chain. As shown, Fig. 4, the slots 5, 6 in a chain guide serve to guide the endless plate conveyer in a vertical or horizontal direction. The links are attached to the plates by means of welding.
Patent GB-1194378-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Resilient Clip
Inventor: SECKERSON CLIFFORD ALEXANDER
IPC: F16B9/02
Filed: 1967-08-11
Abstract: 1,194,378. Electric couplings. F. T. PRODUCTS Ltd. 9 Aug., 1968 [11 Aug., 1967], No. 36936/67. Heading H2E. [Also in Divisions E1 and E2] A resilient clip for attaching an elongate member such as a cable 27 to an apertured panel 29 comprises two limbs 11, 12 joined by a web 13 to form an approximate U-shape the web being formed with an aperture and the limbs being splayed outwardly from the web each limb being joined at its free end to a foot 17, 18 which is directed inwardly towards the opposite limb and rearwardly towards the web, each limb being provided with means projecting outwardly thereof and adapted to engage the panel to assist movement of the clip relative to the panel. As described the means are abutments 23, 25, shown, and 24, 26, not shown, which engage one face of the panel and abutments 21, 22 which engage the opposite face of the panel. The end edge of each foot is formed with a notch and the elongate member is gripped between the notches and passes through the aperture in the web. The clip is shown making an electrical connection with an inner component 30 of the cable and the panel 29.
Patent GB-1124986-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for processing tubing
IPC: B21C5/00
Filed: 1965-08-31
Abstract: 1,124,986. Pointing tubing; shearing. G. A. MITCHELL. 31 Aug., 1965 [3 June, 1965], No. 37256/65. Headings B3P and B3W. A method of severing a length of tubing and forming a reduced diameter point on the severed tubing comprises passing the length of tubing between opposing die elements, severing the tubing at a point just beyond the die elements, and forcing at least one opposing die element towards the other thereby to compress the end of the tubing between the die elements into a compact point of reduced cross-sectional area. The drawn tubing is passed through a die set, comprising a female element 36 and a male element 38, and a supporting block 88, which has an opening 90 adapted to receive a bush corresponding to the size of the tube. The die element 36 carries a shear 42, which cuts off the previously pointed end of a tube 68 as inclined portions 60 of the die block 46 laterally compress the tube end. The tube 68 is further compressed between portions 58 and finally formed into a substantially S-shaped crosssection by die elements 62, 72, the latter of which passes between the portions 58 of the die block 46. As the die element 36 moves upwardly, the tube is restrained by a ring member 82, which effectively strips the newly pointed end therefrom. The transition taper is formed between die members 78, 84. The spacing between the side die members 52, 54 may be varied for workpieces of different diameters by packing shims between the converging guideways in the die block 46 and the members 52, 54.
Patent GB-1491166-A (GB)
Title: Oscillator circuit
IPC: G08B21/20
Filed: 1975-09-10
Abstract: 1491166 Transistor pulse oscillator WOLSK ASSOCIATES Ltd 10 Sept 1975 [30 Sept 1974] 37275/75 Heading H3T A pulse oscillator, e.g. for a battery operated mains-failure alarm, comprises a charge storage device, e.g. capacitor 28, charged via impedance 29 from the D.C. source 23, a switching device such as transistors 26, 27 to remove the charge at a preset voltage level, being switched off by the emptying of the charge storage, and reinforcement of the discharge current by a substantial surge via a low impedance constant volt drop device connected to a source. Disconnection of mains plug 11 supplying apparatus 10, e.g. a freezer, de-energizes battery charging circuit 12, reducing the voltage at node 19 from a level above the battery voltage to the Zener 22 drop below it. If then capacitor 28 is charged to a voltage sufficiently above that at node 19 to make PNP transistor 26 conduct, base current is passed to NPN transistor 27 causing both the charge on capacitor 28 and the surge current from the battery and reservoir capacitor 24 via the Zener 22 to flow through inductive load 31, e.g. a loud-speaker coil. Potential drop across RC circuit 33, 32 due to the surge current raises, after an initial fall due to the inductive load, the base potential of transistor 26 which continues to conduct until the falling potential on capacitor 28 meets the stationary or rising voltage on the base of 26, when capacitor 28 recharges to continue the cycle. The circuit will operate in the absence of resistors 30 and 33 and capacitor 32, but the energy passed in the surge may be increased and waveform improved by their inclusion and selection (Figs. 2A-4D, not shown). Resistor 30 acting on the base current of transistor 27 reduces sensitivity to the resistance of load 31. Deleterious effects of accidental battery disconnection while plug 11 is live are prevented by adjusting the values of resistors 21, 37, 34 to bring the potential of node 19 to a tolerable level. The load 31 may be inserted at any point in the series circuit below node 19. Transistors 26, 27 may be reversed in conductivity type, with associated change of polarity and connection of all diodes, or they may be replaced by a silicon controlled rectifier or switch or a programmable unijunction transistor; the Zener diode may be replaced by opposed diodes, one for battery charging, and a plurality to pass the surge.
Patent GB-1059624-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for locating leaks
Inventor: SCOTT VERNON BUTLER
IPC: F16L1/06
Filed: 1963-09-23
Abstract: 1,059,624. Locating leaks in conduits. SCOTT CORPORATION. Sept. 23, 1963, No.37410/63. Heading G1S. Leaks in a conduit are detected by moving sampling means 27 with one end below the earth's surface, through the earth, fluid from the earth being drawn through a passageway 54, forming part of the sampling means 27, to a detecting device which will detect any material e.g. methane or nitrous oxide escaping from the conduit. The sampling means 27 is provided with a plough 56 to stir up the earth and is connected to a carriage 29 which is moved over the earth's surface by a motor. The plough may be shaped with wings and have a flap hinged to the wings to prevent dirt entering the sampling means if it is moved backwards. The detecting device may comprise an infrared absorption device.
Patent GB-806451-A (GB)
Title: Electromagnetic coils
IPC: H01F41/04
Filed: 1954-12-29
Abstract: 806,451. Electric coils; transformers; inductors. SYLVANIA ELECTRIC PRODUCTS Inc. Dec. 29, 1954 [Dec. 30, 1953], No. 37604/54. Classes 35 and 38 (2). Coils are produced by winding conducting foil coated with insulation on to a core 1 and slicing the wound core transversely to form spiral coils 5. The foil may be of copper or aluminium and if very thin aluminium is used the terminal regions may be thickened by the addition of copper foil, and the insulation may be in the form of synthetic plastic, glass or ceramic frit sprayed on to the foil, heat being applied before slicing to melt the frit and seal the turns together. An increased sealing effect may be obtained by impregnating the winding prior to slicing with polyethylene, polystyrene, wax or a polyvinyl plastic. The completed coils may be put on a magnetic core or in a surrounding cup of iron or oxide powder while for use as a transformer coils serving as primaries and secondary can be stacked side-by-side alternately on a common core. Specification 806,452 is referred to.
Patent GB-1456289-A (GB)
Title: Electrically insulating material
IPC: H01B3/42
Filed: 1974-08-28
Abstract: 1456289 Polyester films TEIJIN Ltd 28 Aug 1974 [30 Aug 1973] 37658/74 Heading C3R An electrically-insulating unstretched film is composed of a linear polyester, of # intrinsic # 0À3 dl/g, comprising units derived from: dicarboxylic acids (A) comprising naphthalene dicarboxylic acid and 0-15 mol per cent, based on (A), of other dicarboxylic acids; and dihydric alcohols (B) comprising hexamethylene glycol and (B) and 0-15 mol per cent, based on (B) of other dihydric alcohols. Benzoic or naphthoic acids may be incorporated as polymerization or viscosity regulators. The film may be 5-1000 Ám thick. Optional conventional additives are referred to.
Patent GB-885396-A (GB)
Title: An improved fastener
Inventor: SECKERSON CLIFFORD ALEXANDER
IPC: F16B2/24
Filed: 1958-11-25
Abstract: 885,396. Locking bolt-like pins; clips. F. T. PRODUCTS Ltd. Feb. 8, 1960 [Nov. 25, 1958], No. 38004/58. Classes 44. and 89(1). A fastener for securing a handle 73 to a member 86 comprises a plate bent to form limbs 72; 79, having at least one prong 84, or 85, on each limb, and fingers 82, 83. The handle has inner walls 76-78 with slots 88, 89 for supporting the member 86 against twisting and keys 87 engage at least one slot 71A in the fastener. The fastener is inserted in the handle, and the member 86 passed between the fingers 82, 83, thus forcing the prongs 84, 85 into the inner walls of the handle, and the fingers 82, 83 into the member 86.
Patent GB-619819-A (GB)
Title: Improved grid or grating for use in the production or treatment of gases
IPC: C10K1/24
Filed: 1946-12-30
Abstract: 619,819. Gas purifiers. KING, J., and WAKEFORD, J. E. Dec. 30, 1946, No. 38038. [Class 55 (ii)] A metal purifier grid has parallel solid or hollow bars 10 of cross-sections shown in Figs. 2 - 6 arranged to form openings 12 which abruptly enlarge at a point less than half the depth of a bar and which is formed of aluminium, stainless steel or is provided with a coat of vitreous enamel or other protective material to resist corrosion. The grids may be cast integrally or built up as shown in Fig. 6 of lengths of stamped sheet-metal riveted to a stay 16. In the Provisional Specification it is also stated that the bars may be of tubular, V, U, C-section and that the openings between the bars may be of the same width throughout.