baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-456611-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vending machines
IPC: G07F13/10
Filed: 1935-09-20
Abstract: 456,611. Article-delivery apparatus. BOON'S PATENTS, Ltd., and BOON, S. J. L., 57, Palmerston Road, Boscombe, Hampshire. Sept. 20, 1935, No. 26166. [Class 18] [See also Group XVIII] In a vending-machine, in which articles are removed one at a time from a stack and thence transported to a delivery outlet, an article to be removed from the stack is gripped between a pivoted lever and a fixed abutment, the lever tilting the article about the abutment to detach it from the next article in the stack if there is any tendency to stick. As applied to the machine described in Specification 438,916, [Group XVIII], in which cartons of ice-cream are released one at a time from the lower ends of stacks 16 and transported by a tilting tray 28 and an elevator 32 to an outlet 33, a spring- loaded lever 94, having a curved shoe 96 for engaging the rim of a carton, is pivoted at 95 to the fixed base-plate 22, and is connected by a tie-rod 97 with a pivoted arm 98. When the elevator 32 reaches the upper limit of its travel, it raises the arm 98, causing the lever 94 to grip the next carton to be delivered against the edge of an opening 23 in the plate 22 and tilt it about said edge, thus positively detaching it from the carton above if it has frozen thereto.
Patent GB-1065584-A (GB)
Title: Pulse width modulator
IPC: H03K7/08
Filed: 1965-06-21
Abstract: 1,065,584. Pulse modulation systems. NORTH AMERICAN AVIATION Inc. June 21, 1965 [June 24, 1964], No. 36185/65. Heading H4L. A pulse width modulator comprises means for width modulating two similar pulse trains in opposite senses in response to a control signal, and means for producing an output signal representing the difference in modulation between corresponding pulses of the two trains and of a polarity dependent upon the sense of the difference. As shown, control signals a from source 10 are supplied to a differential amplifier 20 producing output b and inverted output c which are connected across a voltage divider 23, 24 supplied at its centre tap 25 with a triangular voltage d from generator 30. The addition of waveforms d and b produces waveform e which is supplied to a saturating amplifier 40 producing corresponding width-modulated pulses g and the addition of waveforms d and c produces waveform f which via saturating amplifier 50 produces pulses h which are width-modulated in opposite sense to pulses g. Pulse signals g and h are supplied to a subtractor 60 which subtracts the positive-going portions of waveform h from the corresponding positive-going portions of waveform g to produce waveform i. Thus, when there is no modulation (during time T 1 ) there is no output i, when the analogue input is positive (time T 2 ) the pulses i are positive and of a duration corresponding to the analogue value, and when the analogue signal is negative (time T 4 ) the pulses i are negative and of corresponding duration to the analogue value. Transistor circuitry for the pulse subtractor 60 is described. Fig. 3 (not shown).
Patent GB-796315-A (GB)
Title: Relay control valve
Inventor: SPENCER DENNIS ARTHUR
IPC: B62D1/08
Filed: 1954-09-09
Abstract: 796,315. Fluid-pressure servomotor-control systems. DE LA RUE & CO., Ltd., T. Aug. 17, 1955 [Sept. 9, 1954], No. 26204/54. Class 135. A relay valve for gas-burner control systems comprises a valve 13 in an upper compartment 2 open to the inlet or outlet and defined by the top of the casing and a central valve seat partition 3, a valve spindle 7 passing through an intermediate compartment 5 open to the corresponding outlet or inlet into a lower compartment 11 and connected to a diaphragm 6 separating the intermediate and lower compartments and a weighted diaphragm 8 dividing the lower compartment into upper and lower diaphragm chambers 11, 10 respectively, a weep conduit 15 containing one or more primary controls in series, e.g. a clock control, air or water temperature thermostat, magnetic valve or flame failure control, connecting the lower diaphragm chamber to the inlet, i.e. at 14 if A is the inlet or at 14a if B is the inlet, and a diaphragm orifice 9 connecting the lower to the upper diaphragm chamber and thence to a vent 16. With a constant inlet pressure at A acting on the top of the valve and outlet pressure at B balanced on the diaphragm 6 and the underside of the valve, the valve is either open or closed as a weep control varies, but with inlet pressure at B balanced on diaphragm 6 and the underside of the valve and a varying outlet pressure at A on top of the valve, the valve assumes any position between open and closed according to the state of the weep control. Specification 796,314 is referred to.
Patent GB-743886-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to process for preparing petroleum resins
IPC: C08F240/00
Filed: 1953-09-24
Abstract: Resinous polymers are produced by maintaining a steam-cracked petroleum fraction, boiling from 20 DEG  to 170 DEG  C., at a temperature between 40 DEG  and 140 DEG  C. for a time sufficient to dimerise C5 to C9 cyclic diolefines, such as cyclopentadiene and methyl cyclopentadiene, separating the dimers, and polymerizing the remainder in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst at a temperature between -50 DEG  and 70 DEG  C.  The fractions may be obtained from naphtha and gas oil cracked at 538 DEG  to 815 DEG  C. at relatively low pressures in the presence of steam, and contain olefines and diolefines in the C5 to C14 range.  The dimers are separated by fractional distillation and the steam-cracked fraction is ten fractionated to remove at least half of the isoprene-containing fraction, boiling below 38 DEG  C.  The resin is of vacuum stripped to free it from monomers.  The polymerization process may be carried out batchwise or continuously in the liquid phase using a fixed bed catalyst or with a fluidized catalyst dissolved or slurried in a solvent and added batchwise or continuously.  Examples describe with flow diagrams the use of gaseous boron fluoride, of aluminium chloride as a solid, in ethyl chloride solution or n-hexane slurry, and aluminium bromide in n-hexane as catalysts at various temperatures and concentrations and their removal from the resins by methods such as methyl alcohol precipitation, filtration and washing with alcohol, caustic solution and water.
Patent GB-241913-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machine guns
IPC: F41C23/00
Filed: 1925-10-21
Abstract: 241,913. Zbrojovka Praga Spolecnost s.r.o. Oct. 21, 1924, [Convention date]. Machine guns. - The removable barrel B is secured by a rotatable ring A. Figs. 4 and 5, mounted in the breech-casing B and having interrupted screw threads engaging corresponding threads on the barrel. The ring A is operated by a handle A' having a spring catch C for locking it. The barrel D is provided with a heat-insulated handle F. Figs. 1 and 2, for use when removing the barrel and also when working the gun. The handle is pivoted to a boss E1 projecting from a sleeve E rotatably mounted in the barrel. The handle has a projecting cam J adapted to engage a projection K on the gas cylinder H to hold the handle in a fixeo position when the gun is assembled for firing. Specification 242,803 is referred to.
Patent GB-1518511-A (GB)
Title: Exhaust brake valve assembly
IPC: F16K31/122
Filed: 1975-06-20
Abstract: 1518511 Valves WEATHERHEAD CO 20 June 1975 [24 Feb 1975] 26378/75 Heading F2V A piston and cylinder actuator 12 for the gate 30 of an exhaust brake valve is connected to the housing 20 by a heat barrier plate 43 which comprises a plurality of bosses 45, 46 which space the actuator away from the housing and allow the circulation of air therebetween. The piston rod 74 of the actuator has a reduced diameter portion 79 by which it is connected to a secondary valve member 85 controlling a relief part 38 and which provides a lost motion connection between the gate and rod 74. The actuator is pressurized via a line 65 controlled by a valve 63 (Fig. 5, not shown) and biased open by spring 88, 89, the latter acting only when the gate is substantially closed. An adjustable stop 39 limits closing movement of the gate 30. A seal assembly 91 is provided between the actuator and heat barrier plate 43.
Patent GB-297322-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in internal combustion pumps
IPC: F04F1/16
Filed: 1928-09-14
Abstract: 297,322. White, E. W. Mackay-. Sept. 17, 1927, [Convention date]. Explosion apparatus. - In an internal-combustion pump of the Humphrey type, in which air or other gas is compressed by the return flow of the liquid column, means are provided for compressing and storing a charge of air during the return of the liquid, and for expanding the charge to cause the injection of an explosion charge into air previously compressed in the explosion chamber. A chamber a sliding on a packed piston b is arranged in the explosion chamber w. The piston is hollow and is provided with a valve e movable by a crosshead o which carries a valve m controlling a pipe l through which pressure liquid passes to the injecting device for the explosive charge. During the return of the liquid column, part of the air compressed thereby in the chamber w passes through slots in the frame h carrying the piston b, and through the piston into the chamber a. At the same. time a weighted rod v resting on a lever q and passing through the top of the chamber w is raised by the compressed air. At the end of the return flow of the liquid, the compressed air in the chamber w expands and drives the liquid down again, and during this period the valve e is kept closed by the pressure in the chamber a, and the valve m by the pressure on its upper face. This pressure on the valve m acting through rods r attached to the chamber a prevents the latter from rising. When the pressure in the chamber w is sufficiently reduced, the pressure inside the chamber a lifts the latter, thereby raising. the rods r and lever q and opening the valve m. Pressure liquid then passes from the chamber w through the port l to operate the first-injecting device. The cylinder a continues to rise until the crosshead o strikes the valve stem f and opens the valve e, releasing the pressure in the chamber a. The lever q is turned on its pivot by the bars r and held in its new position by the spring s. The cylinder a descends by gravity, and when the pressure in the chamber w has fallen sufficiently, the rod v falls on the lever q and returns it to its former position.
Patent GB-1065134-A (GB)
Title: Automatic device for measuring methane content in underground mines
IPC: G01N27/16
Filed: 1965-06-22
Abstract: 1,065,134. Measuring methane concentration. GLOWNY INSTYTUT GORNICTWA. June 22, 1965 [June 22, 1964], No.26427/65. Heading G1N. The methane content of the atmosphere in a coalmine is cyclically measured electrically in a bridge circuit whose unbalance current controls an indicator and an alarm circuit. As shown (Fig. 1), a wire 17 in a chamber 12 fed with the methane-containing atmosphere causes the  methane to burn, thereby raising the temperature and resistance of the wire 17. The resistance is compared in a bridge circuit 19 with that of a similar wire 18 in a sealed chamber 13, the unbalance current being indicated on a meter 7 calibrated in percentage methane, and also fed via amplifier 20 to a threshold relay 21 which causes a lamp 10 to light when the concentration is above 1%, and operates an alarm relay 25 when the concentration is above 2%, to energize a lamp 9 and cut off the electricity supply to other equipment. Voltage for the system is obtained from a turbo-alternator 1 driven by compressed air. A second turbine 4 controls a relay 15 which allows the measuring circuit to function periodically.
Patent GB-706308-A (GB)
Title: A combined level and try-square
IPC: G01B3/56
Filed: 1952-10-22
Abstract: 706,308. Levels. REITERER, F. Oct. 22, 1952, No. 26485/52. Classes 97(2) and 97(3) The stock of a level comprises two arms 1, 2, each arm having at least one bubble tube such as L, L<SP>1</SP>, and a detachable joint connection between the arms including two pairs of intersecting holes 8, 8a at one end of arm 1, the holes 8 being spaced with their axes parallel to the longitudinal axis of arm 1 and opening at the end of arm 1, the holes 8a being spaced and extending transversely of arm 1 and opening at the sides thereof, and a pair of pins 3 carried by and projecting from one end of arm 2, the pins 3 being spaced a distance apart equal to the distance between the holes of the pairs of holes for reception in the holes either at the side of or at the end of arm 1. Tube L<SP>1</SP> is housed at the end of arm 2 in a metal fitting 12 with windows at the end and at both sides, while tube L is housed in a recess 9 in arm 1. Another bubble tube L<SP>11</SP> may be recessed in the side of arm 1. Preferably, the bubble tubes are made of unbreakable transparent plastic material. The level may be used with the arms either in line or at an angle and may in the latter case be used for checking angles.
Patent GB-416750-A (GB)
Title: Electric brake control for vehicles
IPC: B60T13/74
Filed: 1933-09-26
Abstract: 416,750. Electricallyoperated brakes. GREBERT ET CIE, 9, Rue Crespel Tilloy, Lille North, France. Sept. 26, 1933, No. 26509. Convention date, Sept. 26, 1932. [Class 103 (i).] In electric brake. operating mech anism for vehicles which comprises an electric motor 1 operating a wind ing drum 4 througl gearing including a slipping clutch device 10 for wind ing up a flexible member 5 attached to brake operating levers 6, 7 and a ratchet wheel 9 positively connected to or driven from the motor shaft and adapted to be engaged by a releasable detent 11, the detent is released by electromagnetic means 13. The detent is held in engagement by spring means with the ratchet wheel. An existing source of electricity on the vehicle or a trailer is employed, control mechanism being provided for varying the speed of the motor, and the mechanism may be operated from either vehicle directly or through a relay. The brake levers 6, 7 may also act on a brake operated by the trailer overrunning the tractor.
Patent GB-425527-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of tanning substances
IPC: C14C3/20
Filed: 1934-09-14
Abstract: Tanning agents are obtained by heating an unsulphonated dioxydiphenylsulphone with formaldehyde and a phenolsulphonic acid in alkaline solution.  In an example, crude cresol is heated with oleum, and the mixture is further heated after addition of crude phenol; a mixture of cresolsulphonic acid with dioxydiphenylsulphone and methyl derivatives thereof is obtained, and this mixture, after addition of a further amount of cresolsulphonic acid, is made alkaline with caustic soda and boiled with formaldehyde solution; finally, the product is faintly acidified to produce a solution ready for use in tanning. Specification 416,191 is referred to.
Patent GB-488276-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for regulating the delivery of piston pumps
IPC: F04B49/08
Filed: 1936-10-01
Abstract: 488,276. Reciprocating pumps. LOEWENSTEIN, H. W. Oct. 1, 1936, No. 26699. Void. Convention date, Oct. 2, 1935. [Class 102 (i)] A spring-loadec piston is fitted in the opposite end of a pump cylinder 4 to a pump piston 6 and has a collar 5 engaging an abutment 14 on a nut 2 screwed to the cylinder 4. The piston 6 controls a suction port 7 and a quantity of liquid determined by the posi tion of the nut 2, if trapped between the two pistons and de livered through the port 8. The spring - loadec piston may be providec with a helical edge 12 and by rotating the piston by the collar 13, the time of delivery may be adjusted. The spaces 18, 19 are connected to the pump suction by a port 16 so that the return of the piston is retarded by the collar 5 co-operating with the triangular groove 15.
Patent GB-953378-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of phosphoric acid and salts thereof
IPC: C01B25/22
Filed: 1961-07-25
Abstract: Phosphoric acid is prepared by acidifying tricalcium phosphate ores with aqueous hydrochloric acid, extracting the liberated phosphoric acid with a water immiscible trialkyl phosphate and thereafter recovering the acid from the organic extract by treatment with water or alternatively precipitation as a salt using alkali. Preferred trialkyl phosphate contains 2-8 carbon atoms in each of the alkyl groups, e.g.: tributyl phosphate, ethylpropylbutylphosphate; trioctylphosphate, trihexylphosphate, ethyldioctylphosphate, tripentylphosphate.  The aqueous hydrochloric acid used is suitably 4-8 molar in concentration. Suitable forms of tricalcium phosphate are: fluorapatite, chlorapatite, hydroxyapatite, carbapatite, amblygonite, lance pebble, brown rock, monazite, variscite, fairfieldite, aluminium phosphate and mixed AIPO4-Ca3(PO4)2.  It is preferred t use a molar hydrogen: phosphate ratio of 3: 1 to 3.3:1. The extraction is suitably effected at 15-25 DEG  C.  The phosphoric acid is preferably stripped from the organic extractant with demineralized water at 20-100 DEG  C.  Prior to the aqueous extraction the organic extract may be scrubbed with aqueous 15-30% phosphoric acid solution.  Recovery of the phosphoric acid in salt form from the organic extract is suitably effected by precipitation using gaseous or aqueous ammonia, limestone or caustic and the product separated by settling, filtration or centrifuging.  In examples:  (1) lance pebble rock is dissolved in approximately 7.4 molar hydrochloric acid, insoluble matter is filtered off, the aqueous solution is extracted with a 50% solution of tributyl phosphate in toluene, scrubbed as above and the phosphoric acid then extracted using demineralized water; (2) phosphate ore is acidified and insoluble matter filtered off, tributyl phosphate is used to extract and the organic extract is stripped with demineralized water. Fluorapatite may be acidified and the aqueous mixture extracted with trioctyl phosphate which is then stripped with water.  Ground rock phosphate ore may be treated as above using triethyl phosphate as organic extractant.
Patent GB-1313685-A (GB)
Title: Variable density light filtering system
IPC: G02B5/23
Filed: 1970-06-04
Abstract: 1313685 Photochromic materials and uses thereof AMERICAN OPTICAL CORP 4 June 1970 [30 June 1969] 26945/70 Heading C4S A photochromic system for incorporation in a variable optical density light filter comprises a solution of a photochromic leuco base dye and a completely reversible reducing agent (e.g. stannous chloride, titanous chloride and sodium dithionite) in a polyhydric alcohol. Image diffusion is reduced by the high viscosity medium. The dye concentration is generally greater than 2À0 Î 10<SP>-5</SP> M, with preferably 1 to 15 times greater reversible reducing agent. Under u.v. or other short wavelength light rays, the stannous ions of stannous chloride are oxidized to stannic ions, which oxidizes the leuco dye to the coloured state. All oxygen may be excluded by placing the system between two glass plates. Rate of recovery may be improved by mineral acid inclusions. In an embodiment, a leuco base of a thiazine dye Azure C in amount 9À26 x 10<SP>-4</SP>M with 5À64 x 10<SP>-3</SP>M stannous chloride is added to 70% by wt. glycerine and 30% of 1M hydrochloric acid, and placed 2 mms. thick between two glass plates. Dyes may be the leuco base form of thiazine dyes such as Azure C, Toluidine Blue O, New Methylene Blue, Methylene Blue, thionine, Azure B, Azure A, safranine dyes including dimethyl safranine, Rhoduline Violet, Safranine B, Janus Blue, Janus Green, Janus Green B, Janus Black, Ethyl Blue, Amethyst Violet, Rhoduline Red, Neutral Red and Pinakrystol Green. Polyhydric alcohols may be ethylene glycol, glycerol, erythritol, arabitol, mannitol, sorbitol and other dihydric, trihydric, tetrahydric alcohols. The chosen composition depends on the temperature at which the device is to be used. Applications may include photographic dodging, optical signal processing, holography, and dynamic displays. Protective lenses, spectacles or goggles are mentioned.
Patent GB-616891-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to air filtering apparatus
IPC: B01D46/04
Filed: 1946-09-07
Abstract: 616,891. Air filters. BRAND, A. N. Sept. 7, 1946, No. 26959. [Class 8 (ii)] In an air filtering apparatus comprising fabric tubes 16 attached at their open upper ends 17 to a cleaned air exhaust conduit 19 leading from a filter chamber 15, the tubes are held distended by reinforcement, e.g. open pitch helical springs 23, except at their lower ends which are partially closed, the remaining unsecured part being closed during normal operation of the filter but free to open when normal airflow is stopped to permit escape of dust from the interior surface of the tubes 16. The lower ends of the tubes are held partially flattened and closed by stitching together opposite parts of the walls, but leaving the middle free. Extension wires 26 of the coils 23 pass through the slits so formed and serve to vibrate the tubes when a rod 17 to which they are connected is rocked.
Patent GB-191466-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and appertaining to driving gear for wringing and mangling machines
IPC: D06F61/02
Filed: 1921-10-12
Abstract: 191,466. Murton, E. Oct. 12, 1921. Mangles and wringers, driving-gear for.-In mangling and wringing ma chines having chair and sprocket-whee driving - gear the hand driving-wheel 9 and its pinion are mounted upon a stud 6 which takes through a slot in a bracket 7 fixed upon the end frame A o the machine. The stud is adjusted by a nut 8 so as to take up slack in the chain, and is tightened by a nut 6<a>. The connection between the driving-wheel and its pinion is formed as a clutch coupling 5<a> so that the wheel may be readily removed. A guard 10 for the gearing is mounted upon the bracket 7 by a set-screw 11.
Patent GB-1340606-A (GB)
Title: Photographic process
IPC: G03C5/02
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1340606 Producing negative continuous tone images or colour separation records AGFAGEVAERT AG 19 April 1971 [18 April 1970] 27128/71 Heading G2C A series of negative continuous tone images or continuous tone colour separation records is produced, starting from black and white or coloured originals differing in their density range, by exposing photographic materials each having at least one supported silver halide emulsion layer to the originals and subjecting the exposed materials to a development which is the same for all negative continuous tone images or colour separation records, the exposure time being determined solely by the density of the highlight areas in the originals irrespective of their density range, and each photographic material comprising at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion which has a characteristic curve with a substantially uniform sag (i.e. the maximum deviation, which is the vertical interval between the negative characteristic curve and a straight line between the minimum and maximum densities on the curve, is in the central region of the log Ixt range) at least in the log Ixt range of the maximum density range of the originals. The maximum deviation of the characteristic curve from a straight line connecting the points corresponding to the highest and lowest density of the original may be from 10 to 50 percent of the difference between the highest and lowest density (i.e. density range of the negative). The characteristic curve may be linear as low and/or at high densities. The photographic material may comprise two or more photo-sensitive layers arranged on the same or different sides of the support. One photo-sensitive layer may have a relatively high sensitivity with relatively flat gradation while at least one other layer may have a steeper gradation and a lower threshold sensitivity. Alternatively these layers may be combined by mixing the emulsions and forming a single layer. The continuous tone negatives may be used to make screened positive images. Specifications 1277213 and 1225241 are referred to.