baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent RU-2058565-C1 (RU)
Title: Coherent pulse radar system
Inventor: BAJ-BALAEV KIRILL F
IPC: G01S13/52
Filed: 1982-11-01
Granted: 1996-04-20
Abstract: FIELD: radar systems. SUBSTANCE: coherent signal radar system has transceiving antenna 8, receiver 1, synchronizer 5-2, pulse train generator, transmitter 7, N circuits each of which consists of switch 2, Doppler filter 3 and accumulation unit 4 connected in series, indicator 9, altimeter 11 and gating selector 10. Pulse train generator has controllable delay unit and N blocking generators connected in series. Stabilizer has switch, pulse generators and gating pulse shaper. Gating selector has meander generator and delay regulator. Delay regulator has adder, AND gate and DC voltage source. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 6 cl, 6 dwg
Patent RU-2042740-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for removal of chlorine from aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide
Inventor: MAREK LIPSHTAJN
IPC: C01B11/02
Filed: 1987-10-28
Granted: 1995-08-27
Abstract: FIELD: cleaning of chlorine dioxide from chlorine. SUBSTANCE: method involves removing chlorine from aqueous solutions of chlorine and chlorine dioxide by subjecting to selective electrolysis with electrode potential at pH of aqueous solution being up to 4; providing electrolytic reduction to chloride ions, with concentration of chlorine dioxide remaining the same as that of treated solution. Chlorine is directly reduced at pH values of up to 2 by means of cathode with low overvoltage and indirectly at pH values of up to 4 by means of cathode with high overvoltage. EFFECT: increased efficiency in cleaning aqueous solutions of chlorine dioxide from chlorine. 1 tbl
Patent RU-2005691-C1 (RU)
Inventor: DZHUZEPPE BELUSSI
IPC: B01J29/87
Filed: 1987-10-21
Granted: 1994-01-15
Abstract: FIELD: used as catalyst. SUBSTANCE: tetraethylsilicate, tetraethyltitanate organic nitrogen-containing base, gallium nitrate, salts or/and hydroxides of alkaline or/and alkaline-earth metals are mixed together in the following mixture ratio based on total oxides: SiO 2 /Ga 2 O 3  130-600; SiO 2 /TiO 2  20-50; H 2 O/SiO 2  20-100; M/SiO 2  0.01-0.1 C 12 H 21 N + /SiO 2  0.2-0.4, wherein M is an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal cation. Hydrothermal crystallization is carried out at 120-200 C for 1-120 hrs. EFFECT: increased efficiency. 6 ex, 1 tbl
Patent RU-2039611-C1 (RU)
Title: Apparatus for pneumatically spraying liquid
Inventor: OVCHINNIKOVA GALINA I
IPC: B05B7/00
Filed: 1990-11-11
Granted: 1995-07-20
Abstract: FIELD: testing of gas turbine engines. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has a core, having an outer diameter, equal to a diameter of a critical cross section of Laval's nozzle, with an output end, smoothly passing to a cone nozzle, rigidly secured to it and having opening a for liquid emission; the core is mounted in a housing with possibility of axial motion. On an outer cylindrical surface the Laval's nozzle has an annular protrusion. On the housing at side of the Laval's nozzle a converging tube nozzle is mounted with possibility of axial motion. The converging tube nozzle forms together with the outer surface of Laval's nozzle an annular cavity, connected by a duct with the source 4 of pressurized gas communicating with the atmosphere by an output annular passage, formed by an output edge of the converging tube and by the annular protrusion on an outer surface of the Laval's nozzle. A cone tip is made of porous water-permeable material. EFFECT: enhanced quality of liquid dispersity degree at spraying. 2 cl, 1 dwg
Patent RU-2051828-C1 (RU)
Inventor: POLEVOJ YURIJ IOSIFOVICH
IPC: B61L3/20
Filed: 1988-12-14
Granted: 1996-01-10
Abstract: FIELD: railway transport. SUBSTANCE: device has axial track sensor with contacts, flip-flops 2 and 3, pulse counters, unit to set maximum speed of train moving between stations; unit to clamp border of block section, release button with contact, NOR gate, cab signalling receiver, decoders, pulse generator, register, comparator unit 18, locomotive light unit, inverter, amplifier, electropneumatic valve, indicators, multiplexers and storage elements. Track meter is formed by counter and flip-flop 2 through contact coupled with supply source. Block section counter is formed by counters and NOR gate. Speed meter is formed by counter, decoder and flip-flop 3 whose inputs are coupled through contact with supply source. Program speed unit is formed by storage elements. EFFECT: enhanced reliability of control. 3 dwg
Patent RU-2032300-C1 (RU)
Title: Liquid agent atomizer for treatment of grain
Inventor: FREDERIK VAKE
IPC: A01C1/00
Filed: 1990-02-16
Granted: 1995-04-10
Abstract: FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: device has at least one tubular frame with at least one row of perforations. Frame inner space is connected through supply line with source of liquid agent delivered under pressure for treatment of grain. Dimensions of frame correspond to dimensions of holes of structure through which grain circulates under gravity or under pressure. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 6 cl, 2 dwg
Patent RU-2070058-C1 (RU)
Title: Method of chronic bronchitis treatment
Inventor: IVANOV EVGENIJ M
IPC: A61M1/36
Filed: 1990-03-21
Granted: 1996-12-10
Abstract: FIELD: medicine, pulmonology. SUBSTANCE: method involves carrying out therapy (5 seances at 2 days interval) at initial volume of irradiated blood 0.5-0.8 ml/kg mass body at graduate increase from the third seance to 1.3-1.5 ml/kg and decrease to the fifth seance of initial level. EFFECT: decreased treatment period, prolonged remission, no antibiotics use.
Patent RU-2060991-C1 (RU)
Inventor: YURGEN LIBSHER
IPC: A61P25/08
Filed: 1990-11-16
Granted: 1996-05-27
Abstract: Использование: в химико-фармацевтической промышленности. Сущность изобретения: 3-аминопироллы ф-лы 1, где радикалы имеют определенные значения и фармацевтическое средство на основе соединений ф-лы 1, обладающее антиконвульсивным действием, некоторые соединения также обладают анальгетическим действием. 2 с. и 1 з. п. ф-лы, 2 табл. Структура соединений ф-лы 1 приведена в описании изобретения.
Patent RU-2048822-C1 (RU)
Inventor: LOPATIN VALERIJ FILIPPOVICH
IPC: A61N1/04
Filed: 1990-09-05
Granted: 1995-11-27
Abstract: Использование: в медицине, для локальной гипертермии злокачественных опухолей человека и животного. Сущность изобретения: электроды и скрепленные с ними стенки аппликаторов установлены с возможностью перемещения, а камера каждого аппликатора выполнена в виде сильфона. Сильфон может быть выполнен в виде усеченного конуса с увеличивающимся периметром по направлению к рабочей стеке камеры. Камера аппликатора снабжена дополнительной эластичной емкостью, объем которой заполнен антифрикционным веществом и в которой одна стенка установлена с возможностью контакта с рабочей стенкой камеры аппликатора. Емкость выполнена выступающей за пределы внешнего контура рабочей стенки аппликатора. Соприкасающиеся стенки камеры аппликатора и дополнительной эластичной емкости могут быть выполнены как единое целое в виде общей стенки. 4 з. п. ф-лы, 4 ил.
Patent RU-2009361-C1 (RU)
Inventor: KULAEV PAVEL V
IPC: F02M51/00
Filed: 1990-10-02
Granted: 1994-03-15
Abstract: Использование: двигателестроение, в частности топливная аппаратура дизеля. Сущность изобретения: во втулке плунжера 4 насоса выполнена проточка 10 и сообщенные с ней радиальные отверстия 11, причем осевой канал 15 плунжера 4 соединен с полостью низкого давления 8 через эту проточку 10. Верхняя кромка А проточки 10 расположена от верхнего торца 6 втулки 3 на расстоянии, большем хода плунжера 4, а расстояние между стенками проточки 10 в направлении оси плунжера имеет величину, большую хода плунжера 4. 1 ил.
Patent RU-2040053-C1 (RU)
Inventor: MORDVINTSEV VLADIMIR M
IPC: G21C17/00
Filed: 1990-10-10
Granted: 1995-07-20
Abstract: Сущность изобретения: на свободном уровне шаровой засыпки размещают тестовые шары с распределенными по их поверхности датчиками контактного типа, представляющими собой тридцать два электропроводящих участка, электрически изолированных друг от друга и выполненных таким образом, что в контакт с каждым участком может войти только один шар окружающей его электропроводной засыпки. Тестовый шар снабжен внутри коммутатором сигналов, позволяющим через минимальное количество электрических проводников (четыре) опрашивать датчики тестового шара на наличие или отсутствие контакта с засыпкой с помощью ЭВМ, расположенной вне модели активной зоны. Для определения локальной пористости опрос датчиков тестовых шаров проводят с необходимой частотой, позволяющей определить изменения локальной пористости не только в статическом состоянии засыпки модели активной зоны, но и в ее динамике (при перегрузке засыпки, землетрясениях, введении погружных стержней системы управления и защиты), причем многократно в требуемых местах активной зоны. 2 с. п. ф-лы, 6 ил.
Patent RU-2072120-C1 (RU)
Title: Printed-circuit board checking device
Inventor: PAVLYUK VSEVOLOD I
IPC: H05K1/18
Filed: 1990-10-11
Granted: 1997-01-20
Abstract: FIELD: electronic engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has hold-down unit 1, insulating gasket 2, receiving plate 3, insulating plate 4 with holes for contacts, supporting board 5 with holes for shanks of contact seats, supporting board 6 with blind holes of supporting board 7, long spring contacts 8, short spring contacts 9, contact seats with long shanks 10, contact seats with short shanks 11, contact pins 12, guide board of adapter 13, supporting printed-circuit board of adapter 14, locking pins 15, guide pins 16, bracing screws 17, fastening bushes 18. Supporting board 5 mounting contact seats 10 and 11 builds up contact matrix of device. EFFECT: improved design. 6 dwg
Patent RU-2012085-C1 (RU)
Title: Manufacturing technique for segmentoceramic materials of capacitors
Inventor: KOSTOMAROV SERGEJ V
IPC: H01G4/12
Filed: 1991-02-07
Granted: 1994-04-30
Abstract: FIELD: segmentoceramics technology. SUBSTANCE: material has following composition, mass percent: BaTiO 3  79÷92,25; SrTiO 3  4,5÷12,0; BaSuO 3  1,0÷4,5; BaF 2  1,75÷3,5; LiF 0,25÷0,5; Li 2  0,25÷0,5. During its manufacture source cakes are pre-mixed this procedure being followed by sintering of mixture and its crushing in SrTiO 3  medium; then fluoride-activated SrTiO 3  is mixed with remaining cakes and additives. EFFECT: reduced volatility of Li and F during sintering, improved structure and porosity of ceramic material which improves dielectric and electric properties of material and parts. 1 tbl
Patent RU-2005969-C1 (RU)
Inventor: TSUGLENOK NIKOLAJ V
IPC: F26B3/34
Filed: 1991-02-19
Granted: 1994-01-15
Abstract: FIELD: wool processing. SUBSTANCE: device comprises frame, bed, support, roller bed, pressing plate and loading chamber, hydraulic drive for moving pressing plate and loading chamber along frame, tie-pieces and catchers installed in loading chamber, exhaust fan and air duct mounted on external surface of support, shielding housing fitted around the device and provided with drive for moving along axis of device between air duct and bed. Frame, loading chamber, catchers and tie-pieces are made of radio-transparent material, support is also made from radio-transparent strip plates and has high-potential electrodes of high-frequency capacitor, installed in plates, while pressing plate serves as low-potential electrode of high-frequency capacitor. Loading chamber walls are perforated. EFFECT: improved design. 5 dwg
Patent RU-2048531-C1 (RU)
Title: Nose of charging machine
Inventor: SHILOV YURIJ I
IPC: F27D3/06
Filed: 1991-04-08
Granted: 1995-11-20
Abstract: FIELD: load catching and lifting members of charging machine. SUBSTANCE: charging machine nose X projection 4 is made in its rear part 2 X and pit 3 on front part 1. Pit 3 and projection 4 are made with clearance for hot setting. Place of connection of part 1 and 2 there is recess 11 for holder 6. Heated holder 6 is set in recess 11 till its rest on butt and apply welding seam 14. Ends В and Г have radial holes 15 and 16, in which pins 7 and 8 are mounted with pulling and plunging in holes 15 and 16. The rest part of holes 15 and 16 is filled by electrical welding. Operational duration of such noses X is increasing from 1.5 2 months to 4 6 months, due to sharp decrease of heat attack on place of parts connection and partial unloading of welding seams from action of turning and bending moments. EFFECT: increased operational duration of charging machine nose. 2 dwg
Patent RU-2012949-C1 (RU)
Title: Process of manufacture of electroluminescent sign indicator with altering color of glow
Inventor: KUPRIYANOV VLADIMIR D
IPC: H01L33/00
Filed: 1991-04-15
Granted: 1994-05-15
Abstract: FIELD: automobile, aviation industries, instrumentation engineering. SUBSTANCE: electric luminophor with composition (Zn, Cd) (S, Se): Cu, Ya of orange-red glow color in binder with relation (3-5): 1 (first electroluminescent layer) is deposited on one side of substrate made of polyethyleneteraphthalate with clear shaped electrodes and electric luminophor ZnS(Cu, Al) of altering glow color in binder with relation (2-3): 1 (second electroluminescent layer is deposited on the other side of substrate. Composition based on butadiene-nitrile rubber is used as binder with further formation of adhesive protection layers and deposition of aluminium foil over it with titanium oxide coat on side of first electric luminescent layer as opaque electrode and film manufactured from polyethylenetherophthalate with clear current-conducting coat on side of second electric luminescent layer with further sealing on side of opaque electrode with composition based on synthetic latex which is copolymer of butylacrylate, styrene and metacryle acid. EFFECT: facilitated manufacture, improved stability of characteristics. 1 dwg, 1 tbl
Patent RU-2027592-C1 (RU)
Title: Apparatus for concentration of polymeric crumb
Inventor: KOMAROV STANISLAV M
IPC: B29B15/02
Filed: 1991-06-13
Granted: 1995-01-27
Abstract: FIELD: chemical branches of industry at treatment of suspensions of polymeric materials. SUBSTANCE: branch-pipe for withdrawal purified water is installed in the apparatus tangentially to the housing in its bottom part Branch-pipe for supply of source mixture is installed in the top part of the apparatus. The distance between these two branch-pipe equals 1 to 7 diameters of the apparatus housing. Installed in the bottom is a branch-pipe for supply of water and dilution of concentrated polymeric crumb. Mounted in the apparatus cover is a branch-pipe for withdrawal of concentrated polymeric crumb. The distance between these two branch-pipes equals 1 to 4 diameters of the apparatus housing. EFFECT: facilitated procedure. 2 dwg
Patent RU-2010488-C1 (RU)
Title: Feed grinder
Inventor: MURZAGALIEV KADYRSHE G
IPC: A01F29/10
Filed: 1991-06-25
Granted: 1994-04-15
Abstract: FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: grinder has frame 1 with bunker 2 with driven blades 3, and grinding rotor 6. Moreover, the grinder has additional pins 7 mounted behind the rotor through its entire length and inclined to the bunker bottom down the rotation at an angle of 40 -60. The height of the pins increases from the center of the bunker to its periphery. EFFECT: improved structure. 2 dwg
Patent RU-2009734-C1 (RU)
Inventor: SINELNIKOV VYACHESLAV A
IPC: B21B1/02
Filed: 1991-06-28
Granted: 1994-03-30
Abstract: Использование: производство проката из непрерывно-литых прямоугольных заготовок, преимущественно для сталей для объемной штамповки с соотношением содержания Mп/S= 45 - 150. Нагрев заготовки производят до 900 - 1200С с различной скоростью нагрева граней со стороны малого и большого радиуса. Скорость нагрева заготовок со стороны малого радиуса в 1,1 - 1,2 раза выше, чем со стороны большого радиуса. Прокатку ведут с различной интенсивностью деформации в первых проходах по широким граням, равным 22 - 30% . 1 ил.
Patent RU-2057842-C1 (RU)
Title: Гидроузел
Inventor: FINK ALEKSANDR K
IPC: E02B9/00
Filed: 1991-06-28
Granted: 1996-04-10
Abstract: Изобретение относится к гидротехническому строительству, а именно к сооружениям ГЭС и ГАЭС. Гидроузел включает здания гидроэлектростанции 1 и гидроаккумулирующей электростанции 2 с размещенными в них гидроагрегатами 3, подводящими водоводами 4, сообщенными с верхним водохранилищем, и отводящими водоводами 5, сообщенными с нижним водохранилищем. Отличительной особенностью предлагаемого технического решения является то, что гидроузел снабжен верховым соединительным водоводом 6, сообщающим подводящие водоводы гидроэлектростанции и гидроаккумулирующей электростанции, и низовым соединительным водоводом 7, сообщающим отводящие водоводы гидроэлектростанции и гидроаккумулирующей электростанции. Предлагаемый гидроузел позволяет повысить выработку энергии агрегатов ГЭС и ГАЭС путем снижения гидравлических потерь в подводящих и отводящих водоводах. 1 ил.
Patent RU-2018673-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for mining of gently dipping coal seams
Inventor: ZABRODSKIJ VALERIJ A
IPC: E21C41/18
Filed: 1991-06-28
Granted: 1994-08-30
Abstract: FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: formed behind the face, in its central part, are workings and their support is ensured by erection of consolidated strips and strips of self-hardening materials. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 dwg
Patent RU-2042553-C1 (RU)
Title: Automobile wheelhouse shield
Inventor: YUSIM MIKHAIL D
IPC: B62D25/16
Filed: 1991-07-02
Granted: 1995-08-27
Abstract: FIELD: automotive industry. SUBSTANCE: shield 1 is made in form of inner surface of automobile wheelhouse and it has flange 5 with protective decorative edging 6. Flange 5 is arranged under raised edge 7 of fender 4. Slot 9 arranged above flange 5 along shield serves, together with flange, as attachment member. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 3 dwg
Patent RU-2003342-C1 (RU)
Inventor: FUZAJLOV BORIS N
IPC: A61K36/752
Filed: 1991-07-18
Granted: 1993-11-30
Abstract: Способ лечени  калькупезных холециститов и  лекарственный препарат дл  его осуществлени   относ тс  к области медицины. Дл  растворени   калькулезов при отсу ствии побочных вредных воздействий  на организм больных принимаетс  настой сбора лекарственных трав на фоне общей диеты с  включением растительного масла морковно-све-  кольного сока, кефирного насто  и кашицы хрена  особым образом приготовленных и назначенных в  заданном режиме. Предлагаетс  два варианта лечебного  сбора содержащих, мас.%: первый состав  трава полыни горькой 10 - 15; корень одуванчика  10 - 15; лист м ты перечной 10 - 12; цветки бессмертника  20 - 23; кора крушины 8 - 12 и корни  мзрены красильной 35 - 48; второй состав- кукурузные  рыльца 15-25; корень одуванчика 15 - 25;  цветки ромашки аптечной 10-20; лист и корень  земл ники лесной 15-25, трава тыс чепистника 20  - 25 и трава чистотела 20-25 2 с и 1 з.п ф-лы
Patent RU-2036579-C1 (RU)
Title: Watering machine
Inventor: IGNATOV YURIJ NIKOLAEVICH
IPC: A01G25/02
Filed: 1991-09-06
Granted: 1995-06-09
Abstract: FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: machine comprises water outlets in the form of electric water pumps, secured on flexible belt. Said belt with water outlets secured thereon is located on canal bench in operation while in transport position it is wound on drum. In operation, the watering machine moves along the bottom of the canal. EFFECT: automated operation of watering machine, programmed consumption of water from all water outlets, and smaller overall dimensions of machine in travelling position. 4 dwg
Patent RU-2026264-C1 (RU)
Title: Device for rolling up small bottles with penicillin
Inventor: OSIPOV VLADIMIR V
IPC: B67B3/02
Filed: 1991-09-03
Granted: 1995-01-09
Abstract: FIELD: packaging technology. SUBSTANCE: small bottles with caps are pressed against the mandrel. With the aid of a pickup, a drive bringing through a pulley into rotation a hollow shaft with a squeezing packing is turned on. Under the action of centrifugal forces the counterweights, turning on the axle, press the rollers which roll up the metallic cap. EFFECT: simpler design. 1 dwg
Patent RU-2019710-C1 (RU)
Title: Уплотнение приводной станции ленточного транспортера
Inventor: CHURYUMOV VITALIJ A
IPC: B65G21/00
Filed: 1991-08-01
Granted: 1994-09-15
Abstract: Использование: уплотнение приводной станции ленточного транспортера относится к технике транспортирования и может быть использовано в промстройматериалах и других отраслях промышленности. Сущность изобретения: уплотнение приводной станции ленточного транспортера содержит кожух с наклонной грузоподъемной стенкой и фартуками над и под приводным барабаном. Ширина кожуха меньше ширины транспортерной ленты, а верхний фартук опирается на приводной барабан с касанием свисающего конца грузоподъемной стенки. Кожух сообщен с аспирационной системой. Верхний фартук выполнен из нескольких продольных частей. Последние закреплены с перекрытием кромок. На средней из продольных частей закреплен износостойкий элемент. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.
Patent RU-2052616-C1 (RU)
Title: Гараж-накидка
Inventor: OZEROV GRIGORIJ I
IPC: E04H6/02
Filed: 1991-11-12
Granted: 1996-01-20
Abstract: Использование: изобретение относится к области строительства, в частности к конструкциям малогабаритных гаражей для одного автомобиля. Сущность изобретения: гараж - накидка содержит каркас канатов, вшитых в накидку из ткани. Новым является то, что каркас канатов запирается при помощи запорно - натяжного устройства и защищает автомобиль от угона, а детали от снятия, включая наружные, при помощи вмонтированных в него металлических пластин. В комплект входят две половинки буксировочного троса с петлями, с помощью которых степени защиты доводятся до четырех. Гараж - накидка в сложенном виде перевозится в автомобиле. 5 ил.
Patent RU-2006396-C1 (RU)
Inventor: STROJKIN VIKTOR D
IPC: B60T13/68
Filed: 1991-09-26
Granted: 1994-01-30
Abstract: FIELD: railway transport. SUBSTANCE: to regenerate electric load consumed by braking electric valves and to release the brakes, coils are connected independently to frame through transistors. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 1 dwg
Patent RU-2001491-C1 (RU)
Inventor: KAMYSHNYJ ALEKSEJ N
IPC: H02M3/335
Filed: 1991-12-09
Granted: 1993-10-15
Abstract: Использование: источники вторичного электропитани  Сущность изобретени  расчленение источников  вторичного электропитани  на два автономных  (2 и 5), снабженных индивидуальными герметичными  корпусами модул  в одном модуле (2)  осуществл етс  преобразование посто нного тока  в переменный, а во втором модуле (5) - обратное  преобразование Магнитопровод трансформатора  разделен на два участка на первом (3) из которых. размещенном в модуле преобразовани  посто нного  тока в переменный, расположена первична
Patent RU-2019349-C1 (RU)
Title: Method of making cylindrical tanks
Inventor: ONISHCHENKO VASILIJ V
IPC: B21D51/24
Filed: 1991-12-11
Granted: 1994-09-15
Abstract: FIELD: production of parts and mounting of large-volume tanks. SUBSTANCE: parts of the tank such as a cover and a bottom are being made at a mounting place from standard coiled sheet blanks, had been fed; the coils are being coiled out and their engaging edges are being mutually joined. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency due to elimination of use of special equipment for coiling ready parts in a factory and for feeding them to the mounting place. 2 cl
Patent RU-2010085-C1 (RU)
Title: Sheet piling
Inventor: GONCHAROV VIKTOR V
IPC: E02B3/06
Filed: 1992-01-09
Granted: 1994-03-30
Abstract: FIELD: hydraulic engineering. SUBSTANCE: sheet piling comprises front vertical face of tubular pipes driven-in in row and locked. Piles have sheet piles L-shaped in cross-section turned to opposite sides skew-symmetrically relative to sheet piling neutral axis. When connecting two and subsequent piles the geometric axis of members running through their centers of gravity forms zigzag line to increase rigidity and supporting power of sheet piling. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 dwg