baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1191336-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Photoelectric Sensing Devices
IPC: G01B11/00
Filed: 1967-07-25
Abstract: 1,191,336. Optical position finding. ERNST LEITZ G.m.b.H. 25 July, 1967 [26 July, 1966], No. 34114/67. Heading H4D. [Also in Division G1] In a measurement of the displacement of a measuring scale in the form of a diffraction grating, the grating is imaged either on to another similar grating or on to itself, after which the light is separated according to the orders of diffraction for detection by respective photo-electric detectors. In one embodiment, Fig. 1, a phase grating 12 is imaged on to a similar grating 16, a Wollaston prism 25 located between the gratings causing a splitting of the light beam into two partial beams of mutually perpendicular polarization directions. The placing of an apertured mirror 19 in the beam path arranges that the images of zero order diffraction pass through the aperture to a polarizing beam splitter 26 where the partial beams are separated in accordance with their polarization directions for detection by photo-cells 22, 22<SP>1</SP>, and higher order images or fringes are reflected to a similar arrangement of beam splitter 27 and photocells 23, 23<SP>1</SP>. The outputs of photo-cell pairs 22, 221 and 23, 23<SP>1</SP> are 180 degrees out of phase, and since the outputs of the individual cells of each pair are themselves phase displaced in accordance with the splitting angle of the prism 25, it can be arranged by suitable dimensioning of the optical elements that the total photo-cell output is in the form of a four-phase rotary field of 90 degrees phase separation between the individual outputs. This allows elimination of the effects of D.C. level (light source intensity) variations on the measurements. In a second embodiment, Fig. 2 (not shown), light is passed through a slit (61) in a plane mirror (60) the slit being coincident with the edge of a part-spherical reflector (33) of semicircular plan, Fig. 3 (not shown). The light is directed by a collimator (35) through a birefringent plate (36) and a quarter-wave plate 37 on to a grating (38) the displacement of which is to be measured. The arrangement is such that the grating is imaged on to itself. The diffracted light produced is split up according to the orders of diffraction, as in the Fig. 1 arrangement, by the plane mirror (60) and a four-phase detector output is again obtained. Various arrangements are referred to for determining the displacement in two perpendicular directions of a scale bearing two sets of mutually inclined gratings or a chequerboard pattern. The curved reflector (33), of Fig. 2, may be oscillatable about its pivot axis at one edge. Instead of using polarizing beam-splitting devices chromatic beam-splitters may be used.
Patent GB-154907-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of esters of dioxydiethyl sulphide
Filed: 1920-12-03
Abstract: Dioxydiethyl sulphide is heated with an organic acid or acid anhydride and the resulting ester isolated by distillation in vacuo. According to examples, the diformyl ester is obtained by using formic acid and the diacetyl ester by using acetic anhydride, or glacial acetic acid.  Esters of other acids such as benzoic or phthalic acids are prepared by the use of the corresponding acid anhydrides.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) refers also to the use of dilute acetic acid for ester formation. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1153328-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Container.
IPC: B65D25/22
Filed: 1966-07-29
Abstract: 1,153,328. Tray and cover. REXALL DRUG & CHEMICAL CO. 29 July, 1966 [2 Aug., 1965], No. 34251/66. Heading A4A. [Also in Division B8] A fluid tight closure for a plastics tray 11 and cover 12 comprises, on the tray 1, a U-shaped section rim comprising upwardly divergent walls 14 and 16, into which a corresponding U-shaped section 23, on the cover 12, is wedged, there being also an inverted U-shaped section 24 which fits over the edge of wall 16. Tray 11 can be inverted when a secondary wall 19 forms a seal with U-section 24 when the parts are mated. Tray 11 has two integral handles (21) and, on the underside, dividing walls 35.
Patent GB-1507807-A (GB)
Title: Alloy heat-treatable steel
IPC: C22C38/26
Filed: 1976-08-20
Abstract: 1507807 Heating treating alloy steel THYSSEN EDELSTAHLWERKE AG 20 Aug 1976 [23 Aug 1975] 34841/76 Heading C7A An alloy steel contains in wt. per cent C 0À35 - 0À6 Si 0À1 - 0À5 Mn 0À1 - 1 Cr 0À1 - 0À6 Nb 0À01 - 0À1 Œ V 008 - 1À12 Fe balance and is hardened from a temperature above 1000‹C to form a structure consisting principally of martensite and bainite which is then tempered below A, to provide a minimum tensile strength of 700 N/mm<SP>2</SP> and a notch toughness as measured by the DVM test of at least 55 joules. The preferred temperature is above 650‹C to give a minimum 0À2% PS of 550 N/mm<SP>2</SP> and U.T.S. of 750 N/mm<SP>2</SP>.
Patent GB-1513252-A (GB)
Title: Frying apparatus
IPC: A47J37/12
Filed: 1975-08-01
Abstract: 1513252 Frying apparatus PROCTER & GAMBLE Ltd 1 Aug 1975 [8 Aug 1974] 35006/74 Heading A4D Frying apparatus comprises a deep-frying kettle A, a frying basket B and a shallow frying pan C which can be suspended from the upper rim of the frying basket by means of lugs a and removed therefrom by means of a handle b. The frying pan is heated by being in contact with the hot fat in the frying kettle and can be used for shallow-frying of food which would contaminate the fat in the kettle.
Patent GB-649119-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to straight-bar knitting machines
IPC: D04B15/64
Filed: 1947-12-31
Abstract: 649,119. Knitting-machines. SOC. ITALIANA E. BREDA PER COSTRUZIONI MECCANICHE. Dec. 31, 1947, No. 35050. Convention date, Dec. 31, 1946. [Class 74 (ii)] The plating yarn carrier rods 3, 4 of a straight-bar machine are secured to members 5, 6 having each projections 7-10, of which 9, 10 are engaged by a reciprocating tooth 16, movable transversely of the' path of the rods for engagement or disengagement with them. The tooth 16 is raised or lowered in its housing 11 by the action upon a roller 17 secured to it, of cam surfaces 18, 19, 22, 23, carried on fixed bars 20, 21 and on end stops 24, 25. The tooth 16 is maintained in position by the engagement of a spring loaded ball with recesses in its side. As shown, the tooth 16 has been raised from engagement with the projection 9 of the member 5 by the cam surface 18 and moves to the left to engage the projection 10 of the member 6. As the projection 7 of the member 6 reaches the end stop 25, the cam surface 23 lowers the tooth 16 to engage the projection 9 to return the member 6 to the right. The cam surface 19 disengages the tooth 16 from the member 6 and positions it to engage the projection 10 of the member 5. The projections 8 of the member 6 and 7 of the member 5 serve no purpose other than for uniformity. The tooth 16 may be raised by handles 28 clear of the members 5, 6.
Patent GB-949836-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for use in the coating of electrically conducting members by the process of electrophoresis
Inventor: JACKSON THOMAS
IPC: C25D13/22
Filed: 1960-10-13
Abstract: <PICT:0949836/C3/1> Apparatus for coating a selected portion, or portions, of electrical conductors with electro phoretic deposits of uniform thickness, particularly the coating of tubular conductors with thermionically emissive material for the construction of indirectly heated cathodes.  A rotary cylindrical drum 1 is fitted with a plurality of peripheral rows of raised projections 3-two in example shown-and formed from electrically insulating material.  The electrical conductors 4 for coating are supported between successive projections of each row and the lateral spacing between the peripheral rows of projections defines the portion(s) of the conductors to be coated, and other portions are effectively masked. During rotation of the drum 1 about its axis a segment dips into liquids contained in trough 2.  Each trough has a plurality of ribs 5-two in example shown-which co-act with said rows of projections 3 to partition the trough into compartments. Alternate compartments contain an electrophoretic suspension to be applied to said conductors and an electrode of positive charge 7 which drips into said suspension; the remaining compartments containing an electrically conductive liquid of high surface tension, usually mercury, through which electrical contact with the said conductors is obtained from negative electrodes 9.  The drums 1 and troughs 2, of electrically insulating material, are suitably formed from nylon. The speed of rotation of the drum, and the current supplied to the electrodes, determine the thickness of the coating which is formed on the conductors.  In a modification (not shown) the trough 2 is subdivided into five compartments by four rows of raised projections 3 and co-acting ribs 5, the outer and central compartments containing the electrophoretic suspension with mercury in the intermediate compartments.  A further embodiment of the invention is that whereby the raised projections are formed on an endless flexible band which moves over the circumference of both said drum support and a further cylindrical drum spaced apart therefrom.
Patent GB-957977-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to automatic control systems
Inventor: TAYLOR WILFRED KENNELM
IPC: G05B13/02
Filed: 1959-10-16
Abstract: 957,977. Automatic controL NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Oct. 7, 1960 [Oct. 16, 1959],No. 35164/59. Heading G3R. In a system in which a variable is adjusted to a maximum or minimum value, a controllable quantity affecting the variable is varied to a small extent in opposite directions alternately, and the difference between the resulting changes of the variable in each sense, integrated over a period of time, are used to adjust the variable towards its maximum or minimum value automatically. In Fig. 2 the output voltage of a potentiometer 36 is applied to a line 41 to control a variable of a system, e.g. flow of reagent to a chemical process, and a signal voltage dependent on a measured property of the system, e.g. yield of the chemical process, is applied at Q. A continuously operated switch D oa  periodically increases and decreases by a small amount the control voltage applied to adjust the flow and corresponding signal voltages, one of which is inverted at 30, are compared with reference voltages of opposite polarity applied by a switch C oa  operated synchronously with switch D oa . The resultant voltages alternately render rectifiers 32, 32a conductive to charge condensers C 3  and any inequality between successive voltages indicating that the yield is not a maximum is effective to operate a servo-system 25 at a corresponding rate and in the appropriate sense to adjust potentiometer 36 and hence the mean value of flow until maximum yield is obtained. Duplicate systems responsive to the same signal voltages may be rendered effective repeatedly in succession to adjust two separate variables of a system until each produces optimum conditions. In a modification successive signal voltages produced in consequence of periodic small deviations of a variable of a system in each sense may cause a motor to run in opposite directions so that its final position and that of a potentiometer which it adjusts is dependent on change in the rate of change of the measured property of the system with respect to changes in the variable. The output of the potentiometer is then applied to adjust the mean value of the variable to obtain optimum conditions. The motor driven potentiometer is afterwards automatically reset to zero in readiness for the next adjustment. In another modification integrator networks forming a band-pass circuit associated with the error voltage of a position servosystem give an output which is minimised by oscillating and adjusting the mean value of velocity feedback in a manner similar to that by which the variable in Fig. 2 is controlled. In this arrangement relays are operated periodically by an electronic multivibrator. Sequential operation of multiple systems for controlling a plurality of variables in a similar manner is referred to. Testing response by inputs having various waveforms and adjustment of circuit component values is referred to.
Patent GB-335442-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with water and other like heaters
IPC: F24H1/20
Filed: 1929-11-18
Abstract: 335,442. Duncan, W. O., (ALdawade Electrical Appliances Proprietary, Ltd.). Nov. 18, 1929. Heating water.-In a water-heater having a heating chamber 5 and a storage tank 6 insulated in a common casing 4 and having circulation connections between the chambers including a pipe 7 connected to chamber 5 and projecting into tank 6, the pipe 7 is provided with means for restricting the passage of steam from the chamber 5. The pipe 7 has only a small opening at its lower end in chamber 5 and a metal plate 19 rests on. its upper end and lifts when the steam in pipe 7 exerts pressure. Boiling water can be withdrawn from container 6 through tap 11. Cold water is supplied from a cistern 8 through a pipe 9, and an expansion pipe 21 returns to the cistern. The heating may be electrical and a heating element 20 is shown.
Patent GB-841348-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil
IPC: C23F11/10
Filed: 1958-11-03
Abstract: A composition, suitable for addition to mineral lubricating oil as an oxidation and rust inhibitor, comprises (a) 3-10 wt. per cent of a sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, barium, zinc, ammonium or amine salt of a dialkylnaphthalene sulphonic acid, the alkyl radicles of which contain 6-12 carbon atoms and are branched, (b) 80-95 wt. per cent of a diphenylamine derivative resulting from the reaction of 1.3-2.0 mols. of a hydrocarbon mixture, containing 2-5 parts by weight of diisobutylene and 1 part by weight of styrene, with 1 mol. of diphenylamine in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts condensation catalyst, and (c) 2-10 wt. per cent of a metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate wherein the metal is chosen from Group II of the Periodic Table and the hydrocarbyl groups each contain 3-12 carbon atoms.  Ingredient (b) comprises p,p1-di - tert. - octyl - diphenylamine, p,p1 - dialphaphenethyl - diphenylamine, p - mono-tert. - octyl - p1 - alphaphenethyl - diphenylamine, p - mono - tert. - octyl - diphenylamine and p-alphaphenethyl-diphenylamine and is commercially available under the name " Age-Rite Stalite " (the word " Stalite " is a Registered Trade Mark).  In examples, mineral oil compositions are described containing (a) barium dinonyl naphthalene sulphonate (of which the nonyl radicles are highly branched), (b) " Age-Rite Stalite " and (c) a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate whose alkyl groups are derived from a mixture of isopropyl alcohol and methyl isobutyl carbinol.  The effect of omitting one or more of ingredients (a), (b) and (c) is described.  A similar composition is also described wherein the alkyl groups of ingredient (c) both contain 6 carbon atoms.  In a further example, a composition is described consisting of (a) the diethylamine salt of the dinonyl naphthalene sulphonic acid, and (c) cadmium dicyclohexyl dithiophosphate together with the ingredient (b).
Patent GB-301476-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of rubber goods
IPC: B29C41/14
Filed: 1928-11-30
Abstract: 301,476. Soc. Italiana Pirelli. Nov. 30, 1927, [Convention date]. Moulding indiarubber.-Tubular rubber articles, such as inner tubes, are made by deposition from latex &c., for example, by .the processes described in Specifications 284,608; and 292,964, [Class 70, Indiarubber &c.], on heated cylindrical cores which pass through the latex and emerge carrying a layer of rubber. A vessel B with feed pipe E and overflow F, is closed at its bottom with a membrane C having an opening through which passes a mandrel A heated by any convenient means. The latex is cooled by water circulated through a pipe D. By keeping the latex level, the temperature of the mandrel, and the speed of the mandrel in the direction of the arrow, constant, a uniform coating may be obtained. A latex vessel having a trapezoidal vertical crosssection enables coatings thicker on one side than the other to be obtained. The mandrel shown is arc-shaped, but it may be helical or straight, of metal or other rigid material, or flexible. On leaving the bath the rubber is dried and may be vulcanized on the mandrel.
Patent GB-1315096-A (GB)
Title: Wrapping materials for cooking purposes
IPC: B65D65/00
Filed: 1971-07-28
Abstract: 1315096 Coated foil COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO 28 July 1971 [11 Sept 1970] 35409/ 71 Heading B2E [Also in Divisions B5 B6 and B8]  To form a cooking foil (see Division B8), the edges of a sheet of a sheet of heat resistant plastics are coated, e.g. by spraying, with a material which solidifies to be heat resistant and have dead fold characteristics. Alternatively the sheet edges are provided with continuous or discontinuous areas of adhesive, which may be pressure sensitive.
Patent GB-319993-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pressure reducing valves, or regulators, more especially intended for use with containers of compressed, or liquefied gas
IPC: G05D16/06
Filed: 1928-12-01
Abstract: 319,993. British Oxygen Co., Ltd., and Thompson, St. J. M. Dec. 1, 1928. Pressure-regulating valves. -A reducing valve of the kind described in Specification 26521/06 has the valve member 10 mounted in the sliding piece 25 actuated by the diaphragm 19 so that it can move relatively thereto and in the event of the inlet pressure falling below a predetermined limit engage the valve seat 32 irrespective of the position of the sliding piece. The annular actuating diaphragm 19 is clamped at its outer periphery between the casing 1 and a cover 18 secured by a screwed ring 20 and at its inner periphery is clamped between a flanged member 24 connected to the piece 25 and a ring 26 screwed to the member 24. A loading spring 29 is arranged between the ring 26 and an adjustable abutment 30. The valve member 10 is slidably mounted in a member 33 screwed into the piece 25 and is acted on by a spring 36 arranged in a socket 35 about a projection 34 on the valve member. Rotation of the member 33 is prevented by washers 37 having a non-circular contour engaging corresponding surfaces on the members 25 and 33.
Patent GB-373971-A (GB)
Title: A process and apparatus for drying of peat or similar materials
IPC: C10F5/00
Filed: 1930-11-25
Abstract: 373,971. Drying peat &c. BERLIN, D. W., Rasunda, Sweden. Nov. 25, 1930, No. 35501. Convention date, Nov. 26, 1929. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. [Class 34 (ii).] Peat &c. is dried in two stages in drums 1, 2 being first acted on by steam, superheated at 3, part of which is subsequently condensed at 5, the heat of condensation being transferred to air utilized as the drying medium in the second stage. As shown, both steam and air are used in countercurrent to the materials which are fed forward by rotating the drums or by providing them with reciprocating or endless conveyer feeding-means. Or the steam may be used in direct current, and the air in countercurrent. The stages may be reversed, part of the superheated steam used in the second stage being condensed to heat air used in the first stage. A disintegrator 7 may act on the material in its passage between the drums.
Patent GB-898627-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisation of butadiene-1,3 and catalysts therefor
IPC: C08F136/08
Filed: 1959-10-21
Abstract: Butadiene is polymerized in presence of a catalyst system consisting of a mixture of (1) an iodide of a transition metal in its maximum valency state of Group IV, V or VI, (2) an organo-compound of a metal of Group III and (3) 0,3-6 moles of an ether or 0,3-1,0 moles of an organic hydroxy compound or a carboxylic acid, per mole of (2); components (2) and (3) may be admixed and allowed to interact before admixture with the transition metal iodide.  Specified catalyst components are (1) TiI4, ZrI4, VI5 and MoI6; (2) various Al trialkyls, AlPh3, Al(CH2Ph)3, AlEt2H, AlEt2OEt and Al(i-Bu)2O-i-Bu; (3) methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl and octyl ethers, isopropylmethyl, -ethyl and -butyl ethers, methyl-ethyl, vinyl, methyl-phenyl and diphenyl ethers, ethylene oxide, furan, furfural, tetrahydrofuran, dioxan and morpholine; methanol, ethanol, n-and iso-propanols, n-, iso- and tert.-butanols, amyl, octyl, decyl and dodecyl alcohols, ethylene, propylene and butylene glycols, terminal diols of propane, butane, pentane and decane, glycerol, erythritol and mannitol, phenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone and pyrogallol; formic, acetic, oxalic, benzoic, cinnamic and salicylic acids.  In examples, the catalysts were prepared from TiI4, Al(i-Bu)3 and various components (3).  The polybutadienes have mainly a cis.-1,4 structure.
Patent GB-336846-A (GB)
Title: Improved receiving device for extremely short electric waves
IPC: H03D1/26
Filed: 1929-11-22
Abstract: 336,846. Telefunken Ges. f³r Drahtlose Telegraphie, and Ludenia, W. Nov. 22, 1928. [Convention date]. Thermionic detectors. - A receiver for short waves of the order of 1 metre comprises a valve A having a small adjustable negative voltage applied to the plate. The grid is at a high positive voltage and the supply voltages are fed through chokes D while the two halves of the antenna K are connected as shown, or to the anode, and gria, or to the grid and cathode.
Patent GB-482476-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus and method for coating lithographic plates
IPC: G03F7/16
Filed: 1936-12-31
Abstract: In a process of coating a printing-plate with a light-sensitive material, the plate is rotated to spread the coating-material, and is surrounded by a surface, rotating more slowly, which catches and holds any material thrown off from the plate.  An apparatus for carrying out this process is shown, comprising a housing 1, with a sliding door structure 3, surrounding a circular container 9, open at 13, which contains the frame 21 for holding the printing-plate 32. The frame 21 and the container 9 are rotated by the motor 43, the container at the slower speed.  Sensitizing coating liquid is poured upon the rotating plate 32, the pouring preferably starting at the centre of the plate and the pouring instrument moving slowly towards the periphery.  When pouring has ceased, the liquid is uniformly distributed upon the plate by the continued rotation thereof, material projected from the plate being caught by the <PICT:0482476/III/1> <PICT:0482476/III/2> inner surface of the rotating container 9 which is kept wet by the water 49.  The uniformly coated and still rotating plate may then be dried by hot air, from heaters 53, 54, circulated by fans 62, 63.
Patent GB-1375640-A (GB)
IPC: C22F1/04
Filed: 1972-08-01
Abstract: 1375640 Aluminium-iron alloys; refining COMALCO ALUMINIUM (BELL BAY) Ltd and UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND 1 Aug 1972 [9 Aug 1971] 35856/72 Headings C7A and C7D Alloy compositions containing, by weight:- 0.5 to 10% iron 0.0001 to 0.1% each of one or more of lithium sodium, strontium and barium the balance being aluminium together with impurities e.g. Mg, Mn, Si, Cn, Ti, up to a maximum of 0.5% are solidified from the melt under controlled temperature gradient between solid and melt and growth rate conditions to produce an alloy having a microstructure comprising a substantial proportion of Al 6 Fe or refined Al 3 Fe phases. The alloys may be heat-treated at just below the entectic temperature, e.g. at 600‹C. for at least 8 hours, followed by air cooling or water quenching to improve ductility.