Patent EA-005059-B1 (EA)
Title: Method for operating of a pneumatic piston engine and engine therefor
IPC: F01B29/10
Filed: 2002-05-10
Abstract: 1. Method for operating of a pneumatic piston engine (1) including supply of compressed air to a working chamber (6) of a cylinder (2) of the pneumatic piston engine and subsequent exhaust of air out of the working chamber (6) while a piston (3) is in the region of bottom dead center, which is characterized in that starting of supply of compressed air is realized while said piston (3) is in the region within the range from 40 degree before top dead center to 25 degree after top dead center by angle of rotation of a crank (4) of a crankshaft (5), depending on an engine speed, and ending of supply is realized while said piston (3) is in the region within the range from 0 degree to 90 degree after top dead center by angle of rotation of the crank of the crankshaft, depending upon the necessary efficiency, said values being fixed for each engine in advance and then remaining invariable during operation of the engine. 2. Method for operating of a pneumatic piston engine according to claim 1, characterized in that said method includes additionally at least one subsequent stage of operating of a pneumatic piston engine, thus forming a multi-stage method for operating of a pneumatic piston engine (10), wherein - pass-by of air from a working chamber (14) of each preceding stage to a working chamber (21) of a subsequent stage is realized during power stroke of a piston (16) of the preceding stage, said piston not yet reaching the region of bottom dead center; - exhaust of air out of a working chamber (21) of the last one of said subsequent stages is realized during power stroke, a piston (22) not yet reaching the region of bottom dead center; - exhaust of air out of the working chamber (21) of each subsequent stage is realized while the piston (22) is in the region of bottom dead center. 3. Method for operating of a pneumatic piston engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that exhaust of air out of the working chamber (14,21) of at least one stage while the piston (16,22) is in the region of bottom dead center is realized into atmosphere. 4. Method for operating of a pneumatic piston engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that exhaust of air out of the working chamber (14,21) of at least one stage while the piston (16,22) is in the region of bottom dead center is realized with possibility of reuse. 5. Method for operating of a pneumatic piston engine according to any of Claims 1-4, characterized in that operation of said engine (1,10) is realized in a mode of two-sided supply of compressed air to the cylinder. 6. A pneumatic piston engine (1), in which the working fluid is compressed air and which contains a cylinder (2), containing a piston (3) kinematically joined via a crank (4) to a crankshaft (5) and a working chamber (6), which is provided with a means (7) for supply of compressed air and a means (8) for exhaust of air while said piston (3) is in the region of bottom dead center, characterized in that said means (7) for supply of compressed air is arranged with capability to provide starting of supply while said piston (3) is in the region within the range from 40 degree before top dead center to 25 degree after top dead center by angle of rotation of the crank (4) of the crankshaft (5), depending on an engine speed, and with capability to provide ending of supply of compressed air while said piston (3) is in the region within the range from 0 degree to 90 degree after top dead center by angle of rotation of the crank (4) of the crankshaft (5), depending upon the necessary efficiency, said values being fixed for each engine in advance and then remaining invariable during operation of the engine. 7. A pneumatic piston engine according to claim 6, characterized in that it contains at least one consequently joined additional cylinder (12) thus forming a multi-stage engine (10), wherein - said additional cylinder (12) contains a piston (22)kinematically joined via a crank (27) to a crankshaft (28) and a working chamber (21), which is provided with a means (29) for exhaust of air while the piston (22) is in the region of bottom dead center; - each preceding cylinder (11) of said multi-stage engine (10) is provided with means for pass-by of air from the working chamber (14) of said preceding cylinder to a working chamber (21) of the subsequent additional cylinder (12), while the piston (22) of said preceding cylinder is not yet reaching the region of bottom dead center; -the last one in a set of additional cylinders (12) is provided with a means (23) for exhaust of air, while the piston (22) is not yet reaching the region of bottom dead center; - pistons (16,22) of all cylinders (11,12) are kinematically joined to the common crankshaft (28). 8. A pneumatic piston engine according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that at least in one of said cylinders (11,12) said means (15,29) for exhaust of air while the piston (16,22) is in the region of bottom dead center is arranged with possibility to reuse the exhausted air. 9. A pneumatic piston engine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that said means for pass-by of air from said working chamber (14) of said preceding cylinder (11) to said working chamber (21) of said subsequent additional cylinder (12) is realized as a by-pass channel (17) with a non return valve (18) positioned in it, herein the inlet of the by-pass channel (17) is joined to a by-pass outlet (19) of the working chamber of the preceding cylinder (11), said by-pass outlet (19) being located above the region of bottom dead center of the piston (16), and the outlet of the by-pass channel (17) is joined to an inlet port (20) of the working chamber of the additional cylinder (12). 10. A pneumatic piston engine according to any of claims 7-9, wherein the bore of each subsequent cylinder and the diameter of its piston are larger than those in case of preceding cylinder. 11. Using of a method according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that it includes a pneumatic piston engine according to any of claims 6-9 and a source of compressed air. 12. Using of a method according to claim 11, characterized in that a part of power generated in a pneumatic piston engine is supplied to the drive of a source of compressed air.