Patent GB-627710-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in plastic materials and articles
IPC: C08K5/03
Filed: 1946-09-12
Abstract: Solid mouldable compositions having a basis of a mouldable thermoplastic or thermosetting material are plasticised by intimate admixture with a compound of the general formula <FORM:0627710/IV (a)/1> where R is an alkyl group, X is a halogen atom and n is 0, 1 or 2. Examples of such plasticisers are dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane, difluoro-diphenyl-trichlorethane and their nuclear substituted alkoxy derivatives such as dichloro-dimethoxy-diphenyl-trichlorethane.  These compounds may be incorporated in the base material in amounts from 2-50 per cent or more of the plastic base material.  They may be the sole plasticisers present or other plasticising agents such as dimethyl and dibutyl phthalate, methyl phthallyl ethyl glycollate, triphenyl and tricresyl phosphate, triacetin, camphor, p-dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, castor oil, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexane-diol, n-butyl mesityl oxide oxalate, and resins and waxes may be employed.  Thermoplastic base materials with which they may be compounded include cellulose esters (nitrate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, acetate-propionate, acetate-butyrate) and ethers (ethyl and benzyl cellulose), polystyrene, polyvinyl compounds (acetate, chloride, &c. and copolymers) polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride and copolymers thereof, polyvinyl acetals and alcohols, polyamides, polybutadiene, polysulphide and polybutene rubbers, polymethyl methacrylate, polymerized chloroprene, copolymers of butadiene and styrene; thermosetting materials suitable are phenol formaldehyde resins, urea and melamine formaldehyde resins.  The plasticisers may be incorporated by being dissolved in the solutions employed for casting or extrusion, or by dry mixing. When the composition is to be subjected to heat, e.g. in moulding, stabilizers such as calcium lactate or dicyandiamide may be added. The compositions may be formed into films, foils, sheets, rods, tubes and the like by casting or moulding, and filaments by dry, wet or melt-spinning processes.  The insecticidal properties of the halogenated diphenyl-trichlorethanes are not diminished by their use as plasticisers, and thus filaments in which they are incorporated may be formed into staple fibre which may be mixed with wool and formed into moth-proof yarns.  In examples (a) a foil is cast from a composition comprising cellulose acetate, dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane, acetone, alcohol and calcium lactate; (b) a film is cast from a composition comprising ethyl cellulose, dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane, acetone, alcohol and diphenylamine; (c) a moulding composition is described comprising polystyrene and dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane, and (d) filaments are formed of a composition comprising a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride, dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane and ethyl methyl ketone.  The use of dichloro-diphenyl-trichlor-ethane in cellulose ester or ether fibres as described in Specification 586,505 is disclaimed.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to the use of plasticisers of the general formula <FORM:0627710/IV (a)/2> where R is an alkyl group, X is halogen, m is at least 1 and n is 0, 1 or 2, and also to the use of phenyl-chlorphenyl-trichlorethane as a plasticiser.  Materials with which these plasticisers may be incorporated include in addition casein.  The plasticisers may be applied to the surface of formed materials by immersing these in a solution of the plasticiser in a suitable solvent for a time sufficient to incorporate the desired amount of the material.  Moth-proof and insect-resistant fabrics may be made by weaving woollen fabrics with effect threads of a synthetic yarn into which halogenated diphenyl trichlorethane has been incorporated.  Additional examples describing the production of cellulose acetate yarns including dichlorodiphenyl-trichlorethane are given.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Polybutene rubbers, polymerised chloroprene and copolymers of butadiene and styrene are plasticized by intimate admixture of a compound of the general formula <FORM:0627710/V/1> wherein R is alkyl, X halogen and n is 0, 1 or 2.  Examples of such plasticizers are dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane, difluorodiphenyl-trichlorethane and their nuclear substituted alkoxy derivatives such as dichloro-dimethoxy-diphenyl-trichlorethane. These compounds may be incorporated in amounts from 2-50 per cent or more of the base material.  Other plasticizers such as dimethyl and dibutyl phthalate, methyl phthallyl ethyl glycollate, triphenyl and tricresyl phosphates, triacetin, camphor, p-dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, castor oil, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, n-butyl mesityl oxide oxalate, and resins and waxes may be employed in addition. Heat stabilizers such as calcium lactate and dicyandiamide may be added. The plasticizers may be incorporated by dry mixing or by being dissolved in the solutions employed for casting or extrusion. Specification 586,505, [Group IV], is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to the use of plasticizers of the general formula <FORM:0627710/V/2> where R is alkyl, X halogen, m is at least 1 and n is 0, 1 or 2, and to the use of phenyl-chlorphenyl-trichlorethane as plasticizer.  The plasticizers may be applied to the surface of formed materials by immersing these in a solution of the plasticizer in a suitable solvent for a time sufficient to incorporate the desired amount in the material.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.