Patent GB-438069-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of resins and of plastic compositions containing them
IPC: C08B37/00
Filed: 1934-07-12
Abstract: Synthetic resins are manufactured by heating a water-soluble carbohydrate, e.g. a polysaccharide such as water-soluble starch, dextrin, glycogen or insulin, or a sugar such as glucose, lactose or saccharose, with aqueous mineral acid, e.g. hydrochloric or sulphuric acid, until a water insoluble product is obtained.  The reaction may be effected at ordinary pressure at temperatures up to the boiling point of the solution, or at higher temperatures at increased pressure.  The resins may be extracted from the product by means of a solvent, e.g. acetone.  The products may be employed as ingredients in liquid or solid compositions containing cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose nitrate, acetate, formate, propionate or butyrate, or ethyl, methyl or benzyl cellulose.  The compositions may be employed as adhesives, e.g. in the manufacture of safety glass, for the preparation of filaments, straws, ribbons and films, as coating compositions, for the preparation of safety-glass inter-layers or other sheets, or as moulding compositions.  The compositions may also contain: natural gums or resins, e.g. manilla, acaroids, pontianak, kauri, dammar, rosin or shellac; semi-synthetic resins, e.g. ester gums such as the glycerol ester of rosin; synthetic resins, e.g. the fusible and soluble phenol- or diphenylolpropane - formaldehyde resins; plasticizers, e.g. diphenylolpropane, triacetin, dibutyl tartrate, diethyl or dimethyl phthalate, ethyl toluenesulphonamide or xylene monomethylsulphonamide; fire-retardants, e.g. brominated organic compounds such as brominated tricresyl phosphate; softeners, diluents, pigments or dyes.  Suitable solvents for the liquid compositions are: acetone, alcohol, benzene, ethylene dichloride, ethyl acetate, ethylene formal, ethyl lactate, formal glycerol, tetrachlorethane, benzyl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, or mixtures thereof.  In examples: (1) glucose or cane sugar is boiled with aqueous hydrochloric acid until a humus-like mass separates, this mass is filtered, washed and dried, and the resin is extracted with acetone; (2) a coating composition comprises the product of (1), cellulose acetate, diethyl phthalate and acetone; (3) a coating composition comprises the product of (1), cellulose acetate, toluene ethyl sulphonamide, acetone, benzene, alcohol and diacetone alcohol; (4) an adhesive solution comprises the product of (1), cellulose acetate, acetone, ethyl acetate and ethyl lactate; (5) a plastic composition comprises the product of (1), cellulose acetate and xylene monomethyl sulphonamide worked up with benzene and alcohol; (6) a solution for dry spinning of artificial yarn comprises the product of (1), cellulose acetate and acetone; (7) a lacquer comprises the product of (1), cellulose acetate, diphenylolpropane, a pigment, acetone, ethyl acetate, benzene, p  toluene and ethyl lactate; (8) (a) a coating composition comprises the product of (1), cellulose nitrate, camphor, diethyl phthalate, benzene, alcohol, butyl alcohol, butyl acetate and ethyl acetate; (8) (b) an adhesive solution comprises the product of (1), cellulose nitrate, camphor, dibutyl phthalate, and solvents as in (a).ALSO:Coating-compositions contain synthetic resins obtained by heating a water-soluble carbohydrate with aqueous mineral acid until a water-insoluble product is obtained, together with a cellulose ester or ether, e.g. cellulose nitrate, acetate, formate, propionate or butyrate, or ethyl, methyl or benzyl cellulose.  The compositions may also contain plasticizers, e.g. diphenylolpropane, triacetin, dibutyl tartrate, diethyl or dimethyl phthalate ethyl toluenesulphonamide or xylene monomethylsulphonamide, diluents and pigments.  Suitable solvents are: acetone, alcohol, benzene, ethylene dichloride, ethyl acetate, ethylene formal, ethyl lactate, formal glycerol, tetrachlorethane, benzyl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, or mixtures thereof.  In examples, a resin obtained by heating glucose or cane sugar with aqueous hydrochloric acid is mixed with: (1) cellulose acetate, diethyl phthalate and acetone; (2) cellulose acetate, toluene ethyl sulphonamide, acetone, benzene, alcohol and diacetone alcohol; (3) cellulose acetate, diphenylolpropane, a pigment, acetone, ethyl acetate, benzene, toluene and ethyl lactate; (4) cellulose nitrate, camphor, diethyl phthalate, benzene, alcohol, butyl alcohol, butyl acetate and ethyl acetate.ALSO:Adhesive solutions contain synthetic resins obtained by heating a water-soluble carbohydrate with aqueous mineral acid until a water-insoluble product is obtained, together with a cellulose ester or ether, e.g. cellulose nitrate, acetate, formate, propionate or butyrate, or ethyl, methyl or benzyl cellulose.  In examples, a resin obtained by heating glucose or cane sugar with aqueous hydrochloric acid is mixed with: (1) cellulose acetate, acetone, ethyl acetate and ethyl lactate; (2) cellulose nitrate, camphor, dibutyl phthalate, benzene, alcohol, butyl alcohol, butyl acetate and ethyl acetate.