Patent GB-412729-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in anchorage devices
IPC: E04H15/62
Filed: 1933-04-04
Abstract: 412,729. Ground anchors. FIORONE, M., 36, Via XX Settembre, Genoa, Italy. April 4, 1933, No. 10125. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Oct. 5, 1933.] [Class 45.] A ground anchor comprises a base element 31, Figs. 7 and 9, a spike 1 driven into the ground in an inclined direction through a hole 33 in the base which is larger than the spike, and an abutment 36, so that when force is first applied to the base 31 in the direotion of the arrow, the lower part of the spike bends as shown in Fig. 9, the abutment subsequently coming into action to bend the upper part of the spike in the opposite direction. A number of spikes may be arranged transversely to the direction of pull as in Fig. 6, or in the direction of pull as in Fig. 10, and a number of the devices shown in these Figs. may be connected in series or parallel. In the form shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the base member comprises a pair of transverse bars 5, 6 with apertures 5<1>, 6<1> for the inclined spikes, the front edges of the holes in the upper bar 5 serving as abutments corresponding to 36, Figs. 7 and 9. The force is applied to ring 4 connected by inclined bars 2 to the bars 5, 6, and further cross-bars 8, 9 may be provided to receive a pin 10 to prevent the device slewing around if the force is applied in an inclined direction Fo. The device may be extended by the addition of a member 12 hooked around a cross pin 14 and having a foot 17 which rests upon the ground. The front end of the extension may have an aperture 16 to which a pull rope may be applied. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 10, the base member is of U -section with holes 33 in the bottom and abutments 36 connected across the top. A transverse bar 74 may be provided to prevent the device from turning about a longitudinal axis. The anchors may be applied to the base elements of lifting or hauling devices. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 19 comprises also the form of spike shown in Fig, 15 (Cancelled). This spike of polygonal section at its lower portion 81 and of rectangular section at its upper portion 82 which is formed with a head 85 and swivelling ring 87. The spike may be withdrawn by bar 98 or by the tool shown in Fig. 21 (Cancelled) or Fig. 19 (Cancelled). The spike may be loosened by engagement of the slot 130, Fig. 21, (Cancelled), with the rectangular portion of the spike and rotating it, the spike being then withdrawn by hooking 131 under projections 101 and exerting a pull. The tool shown in Fig. 18 (Cancelled) is used similarly but is provided with a swivelling portion 116 carrying the slotted part 118, and a hammer-like portion 112 for driving the spike. Fig. 12 (Cancelled) shows a strainer for rope 7, and comprises a lever 49 pivoted to a base 59 and carrying pulleys 51, 52 controlled by pawl and ratchet mechanism, the rope being taken around the pulleys so that by oscillating the lever, the rope is tensioned. This device may be carried by the ground anchors described above. The sea anchor shown in Fig. 31 (Cancelled) comprises a U-section shaft 31 carrying a sleeve 161 having flukes 165. The sleeve abuts against a stop 163 on the shaft and is held in position by a pin 43. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.