Patent GB-645267-A (GB)
Title: Mineral oil composition
Filed: 1947-08-25
Abstract: The magnesium salts of sulphonic acids of wax-substituted benzene and naphthalene, wherein the wax-substituent is a long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing at least about eighteen carbon atoms obtained from paraffin wax, are employed as ingredients of mineral oil compositions (see Group III).  In the examples: (1) paraffin wax having an average of 24 carbon atoms per molecule is chlorinated to give a 12 per cent weight increase and the chlorowax is condensed with benzene in the presence of aluminium chloride; the diwax-benzene thus obtained is sulphonated with oleum and the sulphonic acid is treated with magnesium hydroxide to give a basic magnesium diwax-phenyl sulphonate, and (2) the diwax-phenyl sulphonic acid of (1) is neutralized with a solution of sodium hydroxide in methanol and the sodium salt thus obtained is converted to neutral magnesium diwax-phenyl sulphonate by metathesis with magnesium chloride. Specifications 590,973, 597,338 and 644,043 are referred to.ALSO:A stable composition having detergent properties and a high degree of resistance to oxidation comprises a viscous mineral oil fraction together with from 0.5 to 10 per cent of an oil-soluble magnesium sulphonate and from 0.10 to 3 per cent of an oil-soluble, phosphorus-and sulphur-containing reaction product obtained by reaction at a temperature greater than 100 DEG  C. of a phosphorus sulphide and a dicyclic terpene or an essential oil consisting predominantly of a dicyclic terpene.  Magnesium sulphonates which may be employed are those obtained from the sulphonic acids produced by reaction between aromatic hydrocarbons or substituted aromatic hydrocarbons and such sulphonating agents as strong sulphuric acid, oleum and chlorsulphonic acid.  Other magnesium sulphonates which may be employed are those obtained from the sulphonic acids produced by sulphonating paraffins, naphthenes, and paraffinic, naphthenic or aromatic petroleum fractions.  Preferred magnesium sulphonates are those obtained from sulphonic acids produced by sulphonating wax-substituted benzene or naphthalene, the wax substituent being a long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing at least about 18 carbon atoms obtained from paraffin wax.  Dicyclic terpenes mentioned are pinene, camphene and fenchene, while an example of an essential oil consisting predominantly of a dicyclic terpene is turpentine oil. The mineral oil composition may contain other phosphorus- and sulphur-containing reaction products such as the phosphorus pentasulphide-oleyl alcohol reaction product of Specification 590,973 or the reaction products of phosphorus pentasulphide with the recycle stock of a unit for the thermal cracking of petroleum.  Mineral oil concentrates may be prepared which, on dilution with further mineral oil, produce the desired mineral oil composition.  In the examples, mineral oil compositions containing pinene-P2S5 reaction product and neutral or basic magnesium diwax phenyl sulphonate are described. For comparison purposes, similar mineral oil compositions are described which contain, instead of the magnesium sulphonate, the corresponding neutral or basic barium, basic aluminium, neutral calcium or neutral zinc sulphonate, or which contain no sulphonate at all.  Specifications 597,338 and 644,043 also are referred to.