Patent GB-181014-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of condensation products from urea or its derivatives and formalehyde
IPC: C08L61/24
Filed: 1922-05-30
Abstract: The gelatinization or hardening of the initial water-soluble condensation products from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea, or their derivatives is prevented, retarded, or accelerated by the addition of appropriate salts or by their formation in situ. Salts which have a retarding influence are those of weak acids, for instance alkali or alkaline earth salts of organic carboxylic acids or weak inorganic acids; accelerators are the salts of strong acids, such as sulphates, chlorates, chlorides and nitrates, as well as ammonium salts in general, particularly ammonium sulphocyanide, which produce gelatinization in the cold. The soluble liquid condensation products are gelatinized and rendered insoluble, even when a salt having a retarding action is present, by heat treatment or by the addition of an accelerator or both.  The hardening may take place after the addition of powdery, fibrous, cellular, or porous fillers.  The products are useful for the manufacture of adhesives.  Examples of the process are given. Specification 157,416 is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) refers to the use of aldehydes in place of formaldehyde and includes additional examples of the process.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:The gelatinization or hardening of the initial water-soluble condensation products from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea or their derivatives is prevented, retarded or accelerated by the addition of appropriate salts or by their formation in situ. Salts which have a retarding influence are those of weak acids, for instance alkali or alkaline earth salts of organic carboxylic acids or weak inorganic acids; accelerators are the salts of strong acids, such as sulphates, chlorates, chlorides and nitrates, as well as ammonium salts in general, particularly ammonium sulphocyanide, which produce gelatinization in the cold. The soluble liquid condensation products are gelatinized and rendered insoluble, even when a salt having a retarding action is present, by heat treatment or by the addition of an accelerator or both.  The hardening may take place after the addition of powdery, fibrous, cellular or porous fillers.  The products are useful for the manufacture of lacquers, artificial threads, moulded articles, waterproofing materials and adhesives.  Moulded articles may be built up of a number of layers, each of which is dried before the next is superimposed.  According to examples, urea and formaldehyde are condensed in the presence of a little hexamethylenetetramine to form a clear liquid which is rendered permanently fluid by the addition of a small quantity of sodium acetate or of borax.  The addition of ammonium sulphocyanide transforms it into a transparent solid. Specifications 157,416 and 171,094 are referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) refers to the use of aldehydes in place of formaldehyde, and contains examples in which the initial product of the condensation of urea with formaldehyde in the presence of hexamethylenetetramine is transformed into a glassy mass either by evaporation in vacuo after the addition of sodium acetate, or by adding ammonium sulphocyanide, potassium sulphate, nitrate, chloride, chlorate, iodide or sulphocyanide and allowing the mass to stand.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.