baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-389726-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric discharge tubes for the emission of luminousrays
IPC: H01J61/35
Filed: 1932-08-12
Abstract: 389,726. Discharge lamps. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN, 13D, Emmasingel, Eindhoven, Holland. Aug. 12, 1932, No. 22635. Convention date, Sept. 18 1931. [Class 39 (i).] A lamp containing sodium, mercury, or other metallic vapour is surrounded by a chamber which is evacuated or contains a filling of gas, such as argon, of poor heat conductivity, and a reflecting metal layer is provided on a part of the wall of the chamber. The layer 8 may consist of chromium or silver applied to the inner surface of the chamber 5, or to the upper half of the outside of the lamp envelope 1. The reflected infra-red rays serve to heat the vapour. A light-emitting filament, a heater, or a current-limiting resistance may be mounted in the chamber 5. The lamp and chamber may be of cylindrical shape.
Patent GB-169078-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrical current plugs
IPC: H01R13/24
Filed: 1920-07-30
Abstract: 169,078. Renzi, W. de. July 30, 1920. Two-part couplings ; earth-continuity fittings. -A plug connection box has interfitting conoidal, tapered, or like contacts c, e, one set e being- fixed and the other set c being carried by spindles c<2> capable of limited sliding movement and carrying the current, helical springs c<1> encircling the spindles to ensure connection. The plug box parts a, b may have a spring catch to secure them together and an interfitting projection and recess to ensure correct relative position. In the form described, the end of the catch, which is mounted in the fixed part a of the coupling, operates through a hole g<1> in the detachable portion band engages a groove j in the latter during coupling. Earth-continuity may be obtained by a screw pin k non-detachably mounted in the part a of the coupling.
Patent GB-204047-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to centrifugal separators
IPC: B04B7/04
Filed: 1923-09-10
Abstract: 204,047. Aktiebolaget Separator. Sept. 13, 1922, [Convention date]. Density separators.-In centrifugal separators for oil and water, to prevent re-mixing due to water particles remaining suspended in the air within the casing, a current of air is blown bv a fan J through a heater K and a pipe I opening into the interior of the vessel D receiving the separated oil. In a modification, the fan-like action of the bowl A is used to draw an air current through the oil pipe G, and the heater comprises a pipe coil disposed within the vessel D and receiving a circulation of steam or hot water.
Patent GB-627228-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for gauging film width variation of a continuous length of transparent birefringent film of artificial organic material
IPC: G01B11/04
Filed: 1946-07-30
Abstract: 627,228. Gauging film width photo-electrically. BRITISH CELLOPHANE, Ltd. July 30, 1946, No. 22744. Convention date, Aug. 3, 1945. [Class 40 (iii)] The width of a travelling web F of transparent birefringent film is measured, indicated and, or recorded, by arranging the respective edges thereof to intercept beams of plane polarised light, and adding the responses of photo-electric cells C1, C2 which are actuated in accordance with the amount of interception of the respective beams. The indication, obtained in known manner from the combined photo-cell outputs is a measure of the film width and is independent of lateral sway of the film. Light from the constant uniform light sources S1, S2 is passed through collimating lenses L1, L2 and means P1, P2, such as Nicol prisms or Polaroid (Registered Trade Mark) sheets to convert the beams into plane polarised light whose plane of polarisation is 45 degrees to the direction of web travel and to the transverse direction of the film. The plane polarised beams then pass to a further set of polarisers P3, P4 set for extinction with P1, P2, respectively in the absence of the film web. Interception of the plane polarised beams by the respective edges of the birefringent film web, varies the polarisation by interference so that the intercepted light is transmitted by the polarisers P3, P4, the amounts transmitted and hence the response of the respective photocells being proportional to the area of the beams intercepted and therefore also to the film width. Adding the responses of the two cells thus renders the indication independent of lateral sway of the web. Condensing lenses may be added between the photo-cells and the polarisers P3, P4, and masks to eliminate stray light and or to correct the cell responses to a straight-line relationship may be used. Specification 545,140 is referred to.
Patent GB-1127586-A (GB)
Title: Air cooling and dehumidification systems
IPC: F25B13/00
Filed: 1967-05-17
Abstract: 1,127,586. Refrigerating; heat pumps. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP. 17 May, 1967 [20 June, 1966], No. 22948/67. Heading F4H. The expansion valve means of a refrigeration system for conditioning air is controlled so that when the humidity of the air is above a predetermined value the evaporator is supplied with refrigerant at such a rate that a portion of the evaporator is starved and the remainder operates at a temperature lower than the dew point of the air. Only part of the air passing over the evaporator is thus cooled and dehumidified and reheating of the air is stated to be unnecessary. As shown, the system comprises a compressor C, reversing valve RV, outdoor and indoor heat exchangers 12, 14 with respective fans OF, IF, a liquid line 17 having a portion 18 disposed in a suction line accumulator 19, a two-way valve 23 and a main expansion valve 21 in series downstream of portion 18 and an auxiliary expansion valve 34 in parallel with valves 21, 23. When indoor coil 14 is operating as the evaporator and air humidity is low, the compressor, fans and valve 23 are controlled thermostatically and, when valve 23 is open, valve 21, which is responsive to liquid refrigerant temperature and pressure in line 17, overfeeds coil 14. Excess refrigerant is evaporated in accumulator 19. When the air humidity is high, valve 23 is closed and valve 34 opens at a predetermined low evaporator outlet pressure to supply refrigerant at the rate discussed above. In a modification (Fig. 4, not shown), valve 23 is omitted and valve 21 is closed when humidity is high by energizing a heater which encircles the temperature sensing bulb 46 of the valve. Electric circuitry and switching arrangements (Figs. 2a-2g, 3 and 5, not shown) for operating the system in the above manner are described and examples of operating temperatures are given.
Patent GB-262531-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photo mechanical processes of printing
IPC: G03F7/14
Filed: 1925-09-15
Abstract: 262,531. Eldridge, E. B., and Haeseler, J. A. Sept. 15, 1925. Photo-mechanical printing-surfaces; developing.-To obtain grainless collotype printing-surfaces from silver images, an ordinary plate or emulsion is developed with a developer whose action is so feeble or restricted as to produce an extremely faint or tenuous image, before being fixed and treated with the bichromate or like hardening bath. A developer (e.g. amidol) diluted from 12 to 20 times the strength ordinarily employed may be employed and a hardening bath composed of copper sulphate, potassium bromide, potassium bichromate, and chromic acid. The bleached silver image may be dissolved out or left in. Copper chloride and sodium chloride may be substituted for the copper sulphate. The treated image may, if necessary, be further hardened by a weak chrome alum or other bath. The process may be applied to kinematograph films, for printing copies thereof, or to enlarged positives which can be exposed through a. reversed negative.
Patent GB-490099-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of producing pure alumina
IPC: C01F7/20
Filed: 1937-08-23
Abstract: The process described in Specification 469,061 for decomposing aluminiferous material with an acid such as hydrochloric acid and thermally decomposing the salts obtained into alumina and acid vapours, using the latter together with water to decompose the raw material to form a salt solution, insoluble residues, and steam, and using the said steam for evaporation of the separated salt solution, is modified by effecting evaporation to obtain a concentrated mother liquor and a mass of crystalline aluminium salt, washing the separated salt with water, and adding the wash water to salt solution to be evaporated in the further performance of the process.  The mother liquor, wholly or in part, may be returned to the salt solution to be evaporated until its content of impurities necessitates removal.  The aluminium salt content thereof may be separated by evaporation or by the action of a strong acid, and the mother liquor then be treated to recover the acid.  If hydrochloric acid has been used, the mother liquor may be treated with sulphuric or phosphoric acid, or be decomposed with superheated steam as by atomizing it in a furnace to which hot combustion gases are supplied. If the mother liquor contains alkali chlorides, magnesium chloride or carnallite may be added before decomposition to provide an equivalent quantity of hydrochloric acid, and the residue, comprising alkali chlorides, and oxides of calcium, magnesium, and iron, be used as a fertilizer, preferably after removing iron by reduction and magnetic separation.  When the mother liquor has a high content of iron chloride, decomposition may take place in the presence of a carbonaceous substance such as charcoal, sawdust, or sugar to obtain a residue of iron oxide and carbon, which on further heating yields metallic iron.  Alternatively the solution may be evaporated to dryness and iron chloride be extracted by a solvent such as ether or acetone.ALSO:A mother liquor obtained by decomposing alkali - bearing aluminiferous material with hydrochloric acid, evaporating the solution so obtained to obtain aluminium chloride crystals, and separating the latter, is, after addition of magnesium chloride or carnallite, decomposed with superheated steam to recover hydrochloric acid and obtain a residue comprising alkali chlorides, and oxides of calcium, magnesium, and iron, which may be used as a fertilizer, preferably after removing iron by reduction and magnetic separation. Specification 469,061 is referred to.
Patent GB-1095097-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of opaque protective layers on aluminium or aluminium alloy bases
IPC: C25D11/06
Filed: 1966-05-24
Abstract: In a method of anodizing aluminium or aluminium alloy articles to form an opaque protective layer on the surface thereof, using an acidic electrolyte to which salts of titanium and/or zirconium and/or thorium have been added, a cobalt or nickel salt such as cobalt or nickel acetate is also added to said bath, preferably in an amount of less than 6 grams/1000 grams water.  The bath may comprise oxalic acid to which boric acid and citric have been added as buffers, 0.5-2.5 gms/1 of cobalt or nickel acetate being present therein. The cobalt or nickel acetate may be added to the bath following activation thereof by using the bath to treat dummy specimens.  In examples given the bath also contains potassium-titanyl oxalate.
Patent GB-337779-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in two-stroke internal combustion engines of the sleeve-valve type
IPC: F01L5/06
Filed: 1929-07-29
Abstract: 337,779. Ma.rtin, D. J., and Sickenberger, A. C. July 29, 1929. Two-stroke-cycle engines.-In an engine having a sleeve valve B controlling inlet ports 11 and exhaust port 15 the inlet ports are fitted with check valves 12. Fig. 1 shows a Diesel engine air being supplied by a compressor 13 or from the crank case to a chamber 10 surrounding the cylinder, and entering the cylinder past the check valves 12 when the inlet ports are uncovered. A piston 1 on the sleeve valve serves to maintain the compression pressure in the cylinder as the main piston commences its down-stroke. In an explosion engine, a compressor is arranged between the carburettor and the inlet passages 11, the chamber 10 being omitted. In modifications, the compressor piston on the sleeve valve is omitted. Driving-gear.-The sleeve valve and compressor piston 1 are actuated by a pair of eccentrics 6 arranged with a lag behind the main crank.
Patent GB-599027-A (GB)
Title: An improved fitting for suspending curtains
IPC: A47H1/19
Filed: 1945-09-10
Abstract: 599,027. Wire &c. strainers. HILL, C. E. Sept. 10, 1945, No. 23248. [Class 45] [Also in Group XIV] A wire strainer 3 comprises a ratchet 4 rigidly attached to a key pin 5 which is rotatably mounted in a U-shaped frame 6 provided with a resilient detent 7. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 577,343, [Group XIV].
Patent GB-1580333-A (GB)
Title: Bending apparatus
IPC: B21D5/14
Filed: 1975-06-02
Abstract: Assigned to an upper roll (3) are two side rolls (4) and one or two abutments (6) for guiding and supporting the shorter circular-arc edge of the sheet-metal blank (5). The abutments (6) are designed in such a way that they direct the supporting force or a component of the latter into an adjustable counter-pressure device (8) safeguarded against overload. The abutment (6) can be arranged between or to the outside of the side rolls. In order to ensure that the sheet-bending process is carried out in a particular, desired working region of the rolls, the abutment (6) can be adjusted parallel to the rolls on cross-members (9) or rocker levers, as a guide for the sheet-metal blank. It is thereby possible to ensure that the sheet-bending operation takes place in the working region of the rolls in which both bending-roll adjusting drives are subjected uniformly to forces. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-714814-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ratchet mechanism for presses, stamping machines, or the like machines working material in band form
IPC: F16H31/00
Filed: 1952-09-17
Abstract: 714,814. Ratchet gearing. SCHULER AKT.- GES., L. Sept. 17, 1952 [Oct. 6, 1951], No. 23360/52. Class 80(3) A ratchet mechanism for presses. stamping, or like machines working on material in band form and releasing a cutting device to cut the end of the band after a series of operative strokes of the ram, comprises a ratchet wheel 1 with teeth around its periphery except at points 2 and 3 co-operating with a pawl 8 carried on an oscillating member 7 which is operated in unison with a feed slide for the material. Secured to the ratchet wheel 1 is a further wheel 4 having notches 5, 6 in its periphery adjacent the points 2 and 3 of the wheel 1 and co-operating with a further pawl 9 carried on the member 7 and also a wheel 25 with notches 23, 24 co-operating with a snout 17 of a lever 18 which controls the cutting device. The pawl 9 is adapted to be put into or out of operation by means of a slide 12 with a groove 13 engaging an extension 10 of the pawl. This slide 12 is adapted to be actuated by an electromagnet 22 or other suitable means under control of a feeler device in the feed path of the band of material. On operation the band of material is inserted into the feed device which is set in operation. After the first 'feed step the band is cut at its beginning and the ratchet mechanism brought into operation. The pawl 8 steps ratchet wheel 1 around together with wheels 4 and 25 until one of the interruption points 2. 3 comes under the pawl to render it inoperative and the wheels 1, 4 and 25 stop with the pawl 9 over a notch of the wheel 4 and a notch of wheel 25 one step from the snout 17 of lever 18, the pawl 9, however, being held out of action. When the end of the :band passes the feeler device the pawl 9 is released and engages the notch of wheel 4 to move it and the wheel ?5 around one step for the snout 17 to enter the notch 23 or 24 and the leve- 18 to operate the cutting device to cut the end of the band. The ratchet wheel 1 is also moved forward one step to enable the pawl 8 to resume operative engagement therewith for another cydle of operations.
Patent GB-171173-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of felt
IPC: D04H1/4266
Filed: 1920-08-10
Abstract: 171,173. Jackson, W. J. Mellersh-, (Tanners Products Co.). Aug. 10, 1920. Felt.-Felt is made of a mixture of about three parts of cattle hair, which is relatively soft and inelastic, and one part of either hog bristles or tampico fibre which is of a stiffer and more springy nature. After mixing the fibres, they are passed through a carding-machine and formed into thin layers and subsequently into thick pads and mechanically felted under heat in the usual way.
Patent GB-405719-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of acetic acid
IPC: C07C51/235
Filed: 1932-08-22
Abstract: The oxidation of acetaldehyde to acetic acid is effected in a coherent vertical column of acetic acid to which acetaldehyde and oxygen or air are supplied at the bottom and cold acetic acid, which may contain a catalyst, at the top.  Suitable catalysts are active carbon or one or more metals such as manganese, copper, cobalt, nickel, chromium, iron, vanadium, platinum and other metals of the platinum group.  The metals may be in the form of salts of organic acids such as formic, acetic, propionic, butyric or tartaric acid or of inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, sulphuric or nitric acid, if desired in conjunction with salts of calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium or aluminium.  Preferably manganese acetate is employed. The air or oxygen may be supplied under pressure, for instance, up to 6 atmospheres above the pressure of the acetic acid column.  The temperature at the bottom of the upper zone of the column may be 25--40 DEG  C. and that <PICT:0405719/IV/1> of the lower may be 30--100 DEG  C.  Cooling of the lower zone is effected by jackets or coils or by withdrawing a considerable quantity of the liquor, externally cooling it, and returning it to the lower portion of the lower zone; thus the liquor moves upwards in the lower zone in the same direction as the oxygen and aldehyde, the withdrawal of the product being effected from an intermediate point in the column.  The column may contain filler bodies such as Raschig rings, and may be formed of pure aluminium, alloy steels such as chrome nickel steels or ceramic materials. In the apparatus shown, the column consists of tubular parts 1, 2, a check valve or nozzle plate 3 separating the contents into two zones, but more than two zones may be formed if desired. Oxidizing gas is admitted at 13 and aldehyde, preferably in liquid p  state, at 15 or into a pipe 5<1>.  Cold acetic acid, which may contain a catalyst, is supplied at 11, and exit gases escape at 12.  Pipes 5, 5<1> lead from the lower section to an external cooler 6, and a pipe 4 leads from the bottom of the upper section to the bottom of the lower section, or to the pipe 5.  Acetic acid is withdrawn from the upper part of section 1 by a siphon-pipe 7 to a vaporizer 8 connected to a cooler 9, the top of the siphon 7 being connected, if desired, with the top of the section 2.  Cold acid from 9, containing the catalyst, if such is used, is returned by a circulating pump 10 and pipe 11 to the top of the section 1, and vapours of acetic acid, and aldehyde pass by a pipe 16 to a still column 17, aldehyde vapour passing through a dephlegmator 18 to a condenser 20 while pure acetic acid passes to a cooler 21 and is withdrawn at 22.
Patent GB-1243727-A (GB)
Title: Method of loading a flowable material and a flexible bag for the same
IPC: B65D88/62
Filed: 1969-05-08
Abstract: 1,243,727. Filling and emptying collapsible containers; container traffic containers. FINLAYSON FORSSA A.B. OY. 8 May, 1969 [10 May, 1968], No. 23623/69. Headings B8C and B8Q. A method of loading a flowable material into a flexible storage bag 3 having a loading connection 4 comprises placing the deflated bag in a rigid container 1, introducing gas under pressure into the bag to inflate it against the corresponding walls of the container, and loading flowable material into the inflated bag through the loading connection 4 while controlling the internal pressure of the bag so that the wall in which the loading connection 4 is located is maintained rigid during loading. As shown, the bag 3, made, e.g. of polyester fibres coated on both sides with plastics, is preferably provided with a stronger portion where it is unsupported due to an open door 2. The charging connection 4 is adapted to be connected to a conventional charging device 6, a similar discharging connection 5, closed by co-operating rails, preferably also being provided. The bag is pressurized by the charging device until the bag is inflated loading then being carried out by employing a syphoning action or a suitable, pneumatic or hydraulic, pressure, the pressure within the bag being controlled, e.g. by a safety valve located in the charging hose which is closed when the bag is filled. For discharge the charging connection is connected to compressed air, the discharge connection being opened. To assist the flow of material ropes 7, attached to the lower inner edge of each bag, are wound on to a winch. Alternatively, the entire container can be tilted. Discharge of liquids is carried out by pumping, or pouring.
Patent GB-442830-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to supporting tackle for mine cages, lift cages and the like
IPC: B66B7/10
Filed: 1935-08-23
Abstract: 442,830. Suspension means for lift cages. GRIFFIN & SONS, Ltd., W., and GRIFFIN, W., Cradley Heath, Staffordshire. Aug. 23, 1935, No. 23632. [Class 78 (ii)] Tension-equalizing suspension-means for mine or lift cages is arranged so that the stress in the suspension chains does not become unequal owing to the tilting of the equalizing-levers resulting from unequal stretching of the chains. Fig. 3 shows a construction for a four-chain support in which a pair of chains is connected to each shackle 2 carried by a plate 1 perforated at A for engagement with the lifting rope. The point A is chosen, so that when the plate is in mid-position, it is located at the intersection of the perpendiculars E to the line of action of the shackles passing through their pivots D. With this arrangement, the perpendiculars from point A to the line of action of each shackle are equal in length in all tilted positions of plate 1 within the limits of its normal range of movement. Fig. 9 shows an arrangement for a six-chain support. The three shackles P, Q are carried by two plates 6 pivoted to one another at H and suspended by links 5 from a plate 4 perforated at F for attachment to the hoisting rope. In this case the points G for attachment of the links 5 are chosen so that the perpendicular GL is double the length of the perpendicular GK, and the points L and H and J and K are close together in the normal position of the apparatus. The triangles GHL and GJK remain similar in all displaced positions of the links 6 and thus the ratio of the lengths of the perpendiculars GL and GK remains unaltered.