Patent GB-908223-A (GB)
Title: Process for improving materials in the form of fibres or films
IPC: D06M13/322
Filed: 1959-06-05
Abstract: An aqueous composition for treating fibrous materials contains:-  (a) a dispersion of a copolymer obtained from 28-50% of vinylidene chloride, 0,2 to 10% of an acid <FORM:0908223/IV(a)/1> and at least 35% of an ester <FORM:0908223/IV(a)/2> where R1 is H or a C1-4 alkyl group and OR2\t is the residue of an alcohol R2OH wherein R2 is an aliphatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic radical which may be interrupted by ether oxygen atoms and  (b) an aqueous dispersion of a water-insoluble ester or partial ether of an amino-compound/formaldehyde hardenable condensation resin and/or  (c) a water-soluble condensation resin of the above type or water-soluble partial ether thereof.  Component (a) may be obtained as described in Specification 908,222.  Resins mentioned are those obtained by condensing formaldehyde with urea, thiourea, guanidine, acetylenediurea, dicyandiamide, or an aminotriazine such as melamine and guanamines such as acetoguanamine, benzoguanamine and formoguanamine. Water-soluble derivatives mentioned are these methanol and ethanol derived ethers while their water-insoluble derivatives may be obtained by etherification with C3 and higher alcohols such as propyl, alkyl, butyl, amyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl, dodecyl, oleyl, or abietyl.  C12-30 acid residues (e.g. stearic) may also be present in the derivatives.  The dispersions may contain protective colloids such as casein, gelatine, and ethylene oxide condensates of C12-30 alcohols, acids or amines.  Applications of copolymer compositions.  The compositions are used to produce elastic coatings on fabrics which may be made from cotton, linen, jute, hemp straw, polyesters, artificial or natural silk, regenerated cellulose or cellulose esters, wool, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile, glass, or mixtures thereof.  They are of particular application as binding agents in pigment dyeing and printing, but may also be spread on fabrics to produce water-resistant raincoat materials, imitation wax or oil cloth, oiled silk material, and rear dressings on corduroy or carpets.  They may also be used as a filling dressing for fabrics by the immersion method to produce bed ticking material, feel-modified wash-resistant cloths, water resistant tent materials, and dry-cleaning-resistant lining materials. Other uses are as backing layers under polyvinyl chloride coatings, e.g. for artificial leather; and as binding agents for colouring compositions applied to leather.  Numerous examples are given which describe the treatment of cotton, polyglycol terephthalate fibre fabric and regenerated cellulose fibre fabrics with compositions comprising (i) copolymers of vinylidene chloride/acrylic acid/n-or iso-butyl or 2-ethylbutyl acrylate and occasionally styrene or acrylonitrile; (ii) ethers of melamine or urea resins; and (iii) various of the following ingredients:-Turkey red oil; triethanolamine; sodium alginate; ammonium sulphate; copper phthalocyanine or azo pigments; concentrated ammonia solution; ammonium nitrate; gas soot paste; a silicone anti-foam agent; ammonium chloride; petroleum, and xylene.ALSO:An aqueous composition for treating fibrous materials contains:-(a) a dispersion of a copolymer obtained from 28-50% of vinylidene chloride, 0.2 to 10% of an acid <FORM:0908223/IV (b)/1> and at least 35% of an ester CH2=C-C-OR2, where R1 is H or a C1-4 alkyl group and OR2 is the residue of an alcohol R2OH, wherein R2 is an aliphatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic radical which may be interrupted by ether oxygen atoms, and (b) an aqueous dispersion of a water-insoluble ester or partial ether of an amino-compound/formaldehyde hardenable condensation resin and/or (c) a water-soluble condensation resin of the above type or water-soluble partial ether thereof (see Group IV(a)).  The dispersions may contain protective colloids such as casein, gelatine, and ethylene oxide condensates of C12-30 alcohols, acids or amines.  The compositions are used as binding agents in pigment dyeing and printing and as binding agents for colouring compositions applied to leather.  In an example bleached cotton is dyed with a composition of a vinylidene chloride/isobutylacrylate/acrylic acid copolymer emulsion, sodium alginate, diammonium phosphate and a copper phthalocyanine or an azo pigment.  Numerous examples are given which describe the treatment of cotton, polyglycol terephthalate fibre fabric and regenerated cellulose fibre fabrics with compositions containing various of the following ingredients:-Turkey red oil; triethanolamine; sodium alginate; ammonium sulphate; copper phthalocyanine; azo or vat pigments; concentrated ammonia solution; ammonium nitrate; gas soot paste; a silicone anti-foam agent; ammonium chloride; and petroleum. Specification 908,222 is referred to.