Patent GB-842990-A (GB)
Title: Fuel oil compositions
IPC: F02B3/06
Filed: 1956-11-02
Abstract: A polymer composition for stabilizing fuel oils comprises (1) an oil-soluble, basic amino nitrogen containing copolymer of a plurality of polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compounds at least one of which is amino nitrogen free and at least one of which contains a hydrocarbon chain of at least 8 carbon atoms, said copolymer containing 0,% to 3\se% of basic amino nitrogen and (2) a fatty acid amide having the general formula: Ac-NH-(CnH2n-NH)m-CnH2n-NR1R2 wherein Ac is an aliphatic acyl group of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms; m is a whole number from 0 to 3 inclusive; n is an integer from 2 to 3 inclusive; R1 and R2 are hydrogen or a normal alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms with the proviso that when n equals 2, at least one of R1 and R2 is alkyl; and, each pair of nitrogen atoms is separated by at least 2 carbon atoms, and an organic solvent therefor with a ratio of the oil-soluble, basic amino nitrogen-containing copolymer to the amide between about 1:100 and 400:1.  The fatty acid amide may be derived from caprylic, pelargonic, capric, myristic, lauric, palmitic, margaric, stearic, oleic or linoleic acids and polyamines such as 1,2-propylene diamine, 1,3-propylene diamine and N-alkyl - and N,N-dialkyl substituted ethylene and propylene diamines and polyethylene and polypropylene polyamines of which several examples are given.  The oil-soluble copolymer component (1) is derived from polymerizable oil-solubilizing components, polymerizable components containing basic amino nitrogen groups or groups capable of giving them by after-treatment of the copolymer with ammonia or amines, and, optionally further polymerizable monomers.  The oil-solubilizing component may be long-chain ester of unsaturated carboxylic acids e.g. decyl acrylate and lauryl and octadecenyl methacrylate; esters of unsaturated alcohols and long-chain saturated carboxylic acids e.g. vinyl stearate or laurate; long-chain esters of vinylene dicarboxylic acid e.g. methyl lauryl fumarate; N-long chain hydrocarbon substituted amides of unsaturated acids e.g. N-octadecyl acrylamide; long chain ethers e.g. vinyl lauryl ether; or long-chain monoolefins such as the alkyl or acyl substituted styrenes e.g. dodecylstyrene.  The basic amino nitrogen containing component may contain amino nitrogen or groups which can be converted readily to such, e.g. those present in glycidyl acrylate or vinyl chloroacetate, and examples are p-(beta-diethylaminoethyl) styrene; vinyl pyridines; beta-methylaminoethyl acrylate; 4 - diethylaminocyclohexyl - beta - dibutyl - amino-ethyl-, or beta-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate; beta-diethylaminoethyl vinyl ether; N-(beta-dimethylaminoethyl) acrylamide or N(3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide: and diallylamine.  As further polymerizable monomers there may be used vinyl or allyl formates, acetates propionates or butyrates; ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, styrene or vinyl toluene; butadiene or isoprene; acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile or methacrylamide; ethyl or butyl vinyl ether or allyl glycidyl ether; or substituted amides such as N-butyl or octyl acrylamide or methacryl- or acrylanilide.  The above composition comprising polymer (1) and amide (2) may be used in small proportions as an oil additive to stabilize fuel oils and prevent emulsification of p  water therein and the components (1) and (2) may either be added separately to the oil or together in solution in a solvent such as kerosine or fuel oil together with further additives e.g. cresylic acid or a metal deactivator such as N,N1-disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine.  Fuel oils mentioned are cracked oils, Diesel fuel, jet fuel or burner oils. Specifications 734,632 and 842,991 are referred to.ALSO:A fuel oil composition has incorporated therein (1) at least 0.001% of an oil-soluble, basic amino nitrogen containing copolymer of a plurality of polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compounds at least one of which is amino nitrogen free and at least one of which contains a hydrocarbon chain of at least 8 carbon atoms, said copolymer containing 0.1% to 3.5% of basic amino nitrogen and (2) 0.00025-0.1% of a fatty acid amide having the general formula: <FORM:0842990/III/1> wherein Ac is an aliphatic acyl group of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms; m is a whole number from 0 to 3 inclusive; n is an integer from 2 to 3 inclusive; R1 and R2 are hydrogen or a normal alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms with the proviso that when n equals 2, at least one of R1 and R2 is alkyl; and, each pair of nitrogen atoms is separated by at least 2 carbon atoms.  The fatty acid amide may be derived from caprylic, pelargonic, capric, myristic, lauric, palmitic, margaric, stearic, oleic or linoleic acids and polyamines such as 1,2-propylene diamine, 1,3-propylene diamine and N-alkyl- and N,N-dialkyl substituted ethylene and propylene diamines and polyethylene and polypropylene polyamines of which several examples are given.  The oilsoluble copolymer component (1) is derived from polymerizable oil-solubilizing components, polymerizable components containing basic amino nitrogen groups or groups capable of giving them by after-treatment of the copolymer with ammonia or amines and, optionally further polymerizable monomers.  The oil-solubilizing component may be a longchain ester of unsaturated carboxylic acids e.g. decyl acrylate and lauryl and octadecenyl methacrylate; esters of unsaturated alcohols and long-chain saturated carboxylic acids e.g. vinyl stearate or laurate; long-chain esters of vinylene dicarboxylic acid e.g. methyl lauryl fumarate; N-long chain hydrocarbon substituted amides of unsaturated acids e.g. N-octadecyl acrylamide; long chain ethers e.g. vinyl lauryl ether; or long-chain mono-olefins such as the alkyl or acyl substituted styrenes e.g. dodecylstyrene.  The basic amino nitrogen containing component may contain amino nitrogen or groups which can be converted readily to such e.g. those present in glycidyl acrylate or vinyl chloroacetate, and examples are p-(beta-diethylaminoethyl) styrene; vinyl pyridines; beta - methylaminoethyl acrylate; 4-diethylaminocyclohexyl-, beta-dibutylaminoethyl-, or beta-diethylaminoethyl-methacrylate; beta-diethylaminoethyl vinyl ether; N-(beta-dimethylaminoethyl) acrylamide or N(3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide; and diallylamine.  As further polymerizable monomers there may be used vinyl or alkyl formates, acetates, propionates or butyrates; ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, styrene or vinyl toluene; butadiene or isoprene; acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile or methacrylamide; ethyl or butyl vinyl ether or allyl glycidyl ether; or substituted amides such as N-butyl or octyl acrylamide or methacryl-or acrylanilide.  The above polymer (1) and amide (2) may be used in small proportions as an oil additive to stabilize fuel oils and prevent emulsification of water therein and the components (1) and (2) may either be added separately to the oil or together in solution in a solvent such as kerosine or fuel oil together with further additives e.g. cresylic acid or a metal deactivator such as N,N1-disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine.  Fuel oils mentioned are cracked oils, diesel fuel, jet fuel or burner oils. Specification 734,632 and 842,991 are referred to.