Patent GB-420221-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to plasticised compositions and articles made therefrom
IPC: C08K5/12
Filed: 1933-02-17
Abstract: Compositions comprise cellulose derivatives and/or synthetic resins which are plasticized by the addition of monomeric cyclic esters of polycarboxylic acids containing in the ester ring two carboxylic residues belonging to the acid and one or more methylene or substituted methylene groups, with or without oxygen or nitrogen atoms.  The plasticizers are prepared by (1) esterification of the polycarboxylic acid with a glycol; (2) internal condensation of a partial ester of a polycarboxylic acid in which an esterifying group contains a halogen; (3) external condensation between a di-metallic salt of a polycarboxylic acid and a dihalogen derivative of the other ring-forming component. Esters containing nitrogen in the ring may also be prepared by heating a diester of a polycarboxylic acid containing a halogen in both ester groups with aqueous ammonia. Examples are given of the preparation of (1) ethylene phthalate from phthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol, and by internal condensation of b -chlorethyl phthalate; (2) diethyleneglycol phthalate from phthalic anhydride and diethyleneglycol chlorhydrin, followed by internal condensation; (3) dicarboxyethylene phthalate from disodium phthalate and ethyl a b -dichlorsuccinate; and (4) diethanolamine phthalate from phthalic anhydride and ethylene chlorhydrin and treatment of the b b <1>-dichlordiethyl phthalate so obtained with ammonia.  It is stated that dicarboxyethylene phthalate may be converted by dehydration of its di-ammonium salt into the imide, which may then be acylated.  Polycarboxylic acids mentioned are phthalic acid and its halogen or alkyl substitution products, malonic, glutaric, succinic and tartaric acids and their substitution products.  The compositions are made up with the same ingredients (cellulose derivatives, synthetic resins, solvents and diluents, other plasticizers, filling materials, anti-acid bodies and non-inflammators), and are used for the same purposes, as the compositions described in Specification 418,506. The plasticizer may be introduced into the product in any way, special reference being made to the methods described in Specifications 354,860 and 354,861, [both in Group V].  Examples are given of the following compositions: (1) a plastic composition comprising acetone-soluble cellulose acetate, ethyl acetate, benzene and a plasticizer as described above; (2) a lacquer containing cellulose acetate, polymerized vinyl acetate, acetone, benzene, alcohol and either diethyleneglycol phthalate, ethylene phthalate, diethyl dicarboxyethylene phthalate or diethanolamine phthalate; (3) a lacquer comprising nitrocellulose, diphenylolpropaneformaldehyde resin, triphenyl phosphate, butyl acetate, acetone and a plasticizer as above described; (4) a composition for making films or coatings, e.g. for rubber-insulated cables, containing cellulose acetate, diphenylolpropaneformaldehyde resin, butyl tartrate, acetone, dioxane and a plasticizer as above described.  According to the Provisional Specification, cyclic esters of the kind described having keto groups in the ring may be used; if desired, they may be reduced to the hydroxy compound and this then etherified or esterified.  Thus, the cyclic phthalate of dioxyacetone is obtained by heating the calcium salt of di-(carboxymethyl)-phthalate; this may be reduced to cyclic 1 : 3 glycerol phthalate, which can then be acetylated to produce cyclic 2-acetylglycerol phthalate.  Specification 207,562, [Class 2 (ii)], also is referred to.ALSO:Compositions comprise cellulose derivatives and/or synthetic resins which are plasticized by the addition of monomeric cyclic esters of polycarboxylic acids containing in the ester ring two carboxylic residues belonging to the acid and one or more methylene or substituted methylene groups, with or without oxygen or nitrogen atoms.  Polycarboxylic acids mentioned are phthalic acid and its halogen or alkyl substitution products, malonic, glutaric, succinic and tartaric acids and their substitution products.  The compositions are made up with the same ingredients (cellulose derivatives, synthetic resins, solvents and diluents, other plasticizers, filling materials, anti-acid bodies and non-inflammators) and are used for the same purposes as the compositions described in Specification 418,506.  The plasticizer may be introduced into the product in any way, special reference being made to the methods described in Specifications 354,860 and 354,861. Examples are given of the following compositions:-(1) a plastic composition comprising acetone-soluble cellulose acetate, ethyl acetate, benzene and a plasticizer as described above; (2) a lacquer containing cellulose acetate, polymerized vinyl acetate, acetone, benzene, alcohol and either diethyleneglycol phthalate, ethylene phthalate, diethyl dicarboxyethylene phthalate or diethanolamine phthalate; (3) a lacquer comprising nitrocellulose, diphenylolpropaneformaldehyde resin, triphenyl phosphate, butyl acetate, acetone and a plasticizer as above described; (4) a composition for making films or coatings, e.g. for rubber-insulated cables, containing cellulose acetate, diphenylolpropaneformaldehyde resin, butyl tartrate, acetone, dioxane and a plasticizer as above described. According to the Provisional Specification, cyclic esters of the kind described having keto groups in the ring may be used; if desired, they may be reduced to the hydroxy compound and this then etherified or esterified.  Specification 207,562, [Class 2 (ii)], also is referred to.