baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-787479-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of tubular film
Inventor: GERBER KENNETH GEORGE
IPC: B29C48/10
Filed: 1955-06-03
Abstract: In the continuous production or treatment of tubular film, a gas is enclosed within a section of the continuously advancing film, this section being bounded at least at one by a pair of contra-rotating nip rolls which advance the film and pinch its walls firmly together, the gas being introduced through a tubular probe passing through the nip of the rolls, at least one of which is circumferentially grooved in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the roll to provide a passage for the probe, which is held substantially stationary against the rotation of the rolls while the process is in operation.  Both nip rolls are preferably grooved to provide conjointly a passage for the probe, and each groove is preferably lined with a resilient substance, such as sponge rubber, to reduce the escape of the gas (usually air) from within the tubular film.  The external shape of the transverse section of the probe is preferably elliptical or lenticular and the rolls are preferably correspondingly grooved. Additional tubular probes may be passed through the nip rolls, for example to provide for the withdrawal of the gas and the regulation of the pressure within the film.  When two or more probes are used, these are preferably placed or joined together side by side or in a group having an approximately elliptical or lenticular overall transverse section.  They may, however, be placed apart, and the nip rolls may be grooved at more than one point to receive them. The process may be used, for example, for forming a bubble of gas in extruded tubing issuing from an extrusion die (as an alternative to supplying the inflating gas through the core of the die) to stretch the tubing while it is still hot and soft; for introducing gaseous pressure into the solidified amorphous tubing to draw and orient it; to introduce gaseous pressure into the oriented tubing to prevent or control shrinkage or stretching while the tubing is heat-treated to set it in the oriented state; and for inflating the tubing to enable it to be pleated.  The probe or probes may pass into the interior of the film either through the core of the tube-forming die, or at any point at which the tubular film is slit to convert it to flat film, and thence between the paired nip rolls.
Patent GB-1013743-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fault detection systems
Inventor: HOGG KENNETH
IPC: G08B23/00
Filed: 1963-04-23
Abstract: 1,013,743. Protective arrangements. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CO. Ltd. March 23, 1964 [April 23, 1963], No. 15973/63. Heading H2K. [Also in Division H3] A fault indicating arrangement comprises two silicon controlled rectifiers SCR1, SCR2, a load L, R in series with each rectifier and a capacitor C connected between them, and a source O of firing pulses connected to the trigger electrodes of the rectifiers through gate circuits DG1, DG2, at least one of which is normally closed to prevent alternate conduction of the rectifiers but is opened in response to a fault signal to permit alternate conduction of the rectifiers to indicate the fault condition. In the arrangement shown, the load L is a lamp which is lit when the rectifier SCR1 only is conducting, is extinguished when the rectifier SCR2 only is conducting and flashes when the rectifiers conduct alternately. The gate circuits are diode gate circuits, Fig. 2 (not shown) to which control voltages are applied on the operation of alarm contacts associated with a filter circuit, Fig. 5 (not shown). A further silicon controlled rectifier SCR3 may provide a " lock on facility should the fault clear. This rectifier has its trigger electrode connected through a capacitor C4 to the cathode of rectifier SCR2 (or SCR1) and its cathode connected to the gate circuits. Thus the firing of the rectifier SCR2 passes a pulse through the capacitor C4 to fire the rectifier SCR3 which supplies a control voltage to both gate circuits to hold them open so that the lamp continues to flash even after removal of the initiating control voltage due to fault clearance. On operation of an " accept " switch S, the anode circuit of the rectifier SCR3 is interrupted so that if the fault has cleared, the lamp ceases to flash, i.e. is extinguished or gives a steady light which may be extinguished on the operation of a reset switch, Figs. 6 and 7 (not shown). The source O may be an oscillator, Fig. 3 (not shown) having an PNPN diode in series with a parallel capacity/resistance arrangement and may have its pulse rate altered when the rectifier SCR3 fires.
Patent GB-1032588-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cushions
IPC: A47C31/11
Filed: 1964-04-17
Abstract: 1,032,588. Cushions. K. R. V. MAGNUSSON. April 17, 1964 [Aug. 26, 1963], No. 15974/64. Heading A4M. A cushion, especially for winter use on a car seat, comprises an intermediate layer '17 of heat insulating cellular plastics material, e.g. polystyrene, having a continuous skin 18, 19 on both sides, a lower layer 16 of wear resistant material such as coated fabric, and an upper layer 15 of textile material. The cushion 3 is provided with hook 6 carrying securing straps 4, 5, which may be -of elastic material, which are attachable to bars 2 on the underside of the seat. The front straps 5 are attached to a flap 7 extending down the seat front. A back cover cushion portion 8 is provided.
Patent GB-1104382-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of carboxylic acid vinyl esters
IPC: C07C69/527
Filed: 1965-04-14
Abstract: Vinyl esters of carboxylic acids are prepared by reacting acetylene with the carboxylic acid in the gaseous phase in the presence, as a catalyst, of a zinc compound containing a radical of the carboxylic acid and of a sparingly volatile mineral acid the radical of the mineral acid being free from acid hydrogen atoms and the ratio of mineral acid equivalent to carboxylic acid equivalents in the zinc compound being from 0.15 to 6.0.  The catalyst is applied to a carrier such as active carbon.  Radicals of ortho-, pyro-, and meta-phosphoric acids and sulphuric acids are mentioned.  Examples describe the preparation of vinyl acetate and vinyl isobutyrate.ALSO:Catalysts for the preparation of vinyl esters of carboxylic acids by reacting acetylene with the carboxylic acid in the gaseous phase (see Division C2) comprise zinc compounds containing a radical of the carboxylic acid and a radical of a sparingly volatile mineral acid, the radical of the mineral acid being free from acid hydrogen atoms and the ratio of mineral acid equivalents to carboxylic acid equivalents in the zinc compound being from 0.15 to 6.0.  The catalyst is applied to a carrier such as activated carbon and the mineral acid radicals may be derived from ortho-, meta-, and paraphosphoric acid or sulphuric acid. The carrier may be impregnated with the aqueous solution of the zinc salt of the carboxylic acid, e.g. zinc acetate, dried, and impregnated with the desired proportion of the phosphoric or sulphuric acid or a mixed salt, e.g. zinc acetate phosphate may be applied to the carrier and the amount of acid then added. Examples describe the use of zinc acetate zinc propionate and zinc isobutyrate impregnated with phosphoric acid for the preparation of the vinyl esters.
Patent GB-1144009-A (GB)
Title: An automatic carton closing machine
IPC: B65B57/02
Filed: 1966-11-16
Abstract: 1,144,009. Closing cartons; endless conveyers. LOVESHAW CORP. 16 Nov., 1966 [20 Dec., 1965], No. 16036/68. Divided out of 1,144,008. Headings B8A and B8C. The description is identical with that in Specification 1,144,008. The claims include the feature that the flight conveyer conveying the cartons to be closed is driven at low power to hold a carton with light pressure against a stop while the flaps are being folded, and is driven at higher power when the stop is retracted.
Patent GB-726479-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to elastic yarns and fabrics
IPC: B29D99/00
Filed: 1953-06-10
Abstract: The vulcanized organosiloxane compositions of the parent Specification, with or without additives such as titania, the oxides and carbonates of iron, mercury, cadmium and zinc, and metallic zirconates, are used for making elastic filaments or threads, e.g. in extruded or cut strip form, and elastic yarns, which are the elastic filaments or threads around which textile yarns are wrapped.
Patent GB-200666-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to screw couplings
IPC: F16L37/26
Filed: 1922-06-09
Abstract: 200,666. Fry, W. H. June 9, 1922. Couplings, disconnectible.-A fire-hose &c. coupling consists of two similar members each comprising a tubular portion 1 having an inclined outer surface 8 and a skirt 4 extending around approximately one-half and having mutually inclined inner and outer faces, a nut 6 being adapted to travel along the thread 5 and bear on the inclined outer surface of the skirt of the other tubular member to force the jointing faces, with their washers 10, together obliquely along the inclined surfaces of the inner parts of the skirts and the inclined outer surfaces of the tubular members by wedge action between the lower edge of the nut 6 and the inclined outer surface of the corresponding tubular member. In modifications, the skirt 4 may be adapted to swivel and the single tubular member may be replaced by an inner sleeve and an external tube or tail sleeve. One nut only may be employed to effect the coupling.
Patent GB-213814-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in air and overflow control devices for apparatus for delivering liquids in measured quantities
IPC: B67D7/16
Filed: 1923-06-21
Abstract: 213,814. Shell-Mex, Ltd., and Lawson, J. June 21, 1923. Fixed-chamber apparatus; controlling passage of air and gases for.--The apparatus is fitted with a normally open air-outlet which is closed by a float valve when the chamber is filled, a spring valve, normally closing an opening to an overflow tube, being opened when the air-valve is closed. The invention is described as fitted to apparatus having two measuring chambers which are alternately filled by a pump. In one form, Fig. 1, the tube 9 at the top of the chamber 1 is fitted with a ball-valve 8 and is surrounded by a spring piston 4 having a hole 7 allowing communication with a pipe 10 leading to a similar arrangement in the second chamber. The piston 4 normally closes a port 11 leading to an overflow pipe 12 fitted with a sight portion 13. As the chamber 1 fills, air passes through the valve 8 and pipe 10 to the second chamber, which is emptying. When the liquid rises sufficiently, the valve 8 is lifted and closes the port 7 in the piston, which then rises against its spring and opens the chamber to the overflow pipe. Air is admitted to the pipe 12 by means of a pipe 15. In a modification, Fig. 3, the passage 7 is closed by a rod or dolly 17 when the chamber is full. The port 11 is normally sealed by a ball 19 acted upon by a loose piston 21 pressed by a spring 6. The passage 16 is closed by a ball 23 when the chamber is full.
Patent GB-1387909-A (GB)
Title: Treatment of brines by chlorination
IPC: C07C17/093
Filed: 1972-04-07
Abstract: 1387909 Treating brines DOW CHEMICAL CO 7 April 1972 16204/72 Heading ClC The concentration of one or more carboxylic materials (as defined), in brine containing at least 1% by wt. of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal chlorides, is reduced by contacting the brine with chlorine and irradiating the brine with light having a wavelength of less than 3600Š. The carboxylic materials are watersoluble carboxylic acids, salts thereof and organic materials (e.g. alkylene glycols, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, amines), which when treated in brine with chlorine form watersoluble carboxylic acids. The pH of the brine is maintained within the range from 2À5 units less than to 1À0 unit more than the pKa value of the brine, which pKa value is defined as the pKa value of the carboxylic acid or salt present in or formed in the brine when the brine contains only one carboxylic material or the weighted average of the pKa values of the individual acid(s) and/or salt(s) when the brine contains more than one carboxylic material. The brine may comprise formic, acetic, propionic, burytic, valeric, hexanoic and chloroacetic acids or salts thereof. The brine may be treated with chloride gas or chlorine produced in situ electrolytically or by use of sodium hypochlorite. The brine may be heated during the process. The light source may be sunlight or a mercury arc. Chlorinated hydrocarbons produced in the process may be collected.
Patent GB-827243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to high temperature electric insulating materials
Inventor: CARWARDINE ANTHONY JOHN
IPC: H01B3/04
Filed: 1957-05-22
Abstract: Insulating composition comprises mica powder or similar magnesium silicate, e.g. talc or steatite, bonded by alumina obtained from aluminium hydroxide produced by the hydrolysis of organic compounds of aluminium, e.g. aluminium isopropoxide.ALSO:A ceramic insulating composition comprises mica powder or similar magnesium silicate bonded by alumina obtained from aluminium hydroxide produced by the hydrolysis of organic compounds of aluminium.  Specified are aluminium isopropoxide, talc and steatite.  Hydrolysis is carried out on a solution of the isopropoxide in e.g., isopropyl alcohol, white spirits or toluene.
Patent GB-793461-A (GB)
Title: An improved tuning and indicating device
Inventor: FISHER LEONARD
IPC: H03J1/10
Filed: 1955-06-07
Abstract: 793,461. Adjusting radio apparatus. MULLARD RADIO VALVE CO., Ltd. May 3, 1956 [June 7, 1955], No. 16340/55. Class 40 (5). A tuning mechanism particularly for frequency modulation receivers comprises a control spindle 6 which is coupled to a capacitor spindle 10 and moves an index 1 over a scale 5 by means of a cord drive in which two loose pulleys 14, 15 are pivoted on the rim of a larger pulley 12 attached to the capacitor spindle 10. Two loose pulleys 11, 13 are also pivoted on the capacitor spindle 10. Four idler pulleys 3, 4, 18, 19 are pivoted on brackets not shown. The cord is secured to the index 1 then passes in order around part of the pulley 3, completely around the control spindle 6, then round parts of the pulleys 11, 14, 13, 19, 12, before passing through the hole 17 in the fast pulley 12 to be secured to the tension spring 20. The other part of the cord passes through the hole 16 and round parts of the pulleys 12, 18, 15 then around the control spindle 6 and part of pulley 4 before being attached to the other side of the index 1. In a modification not illustrated in the Specification, the cord after passing round the pulley 3 passes round a further pulley adjacent the pulley 4 before being wound round the spindle 6.
Patent GB-529601-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulic governors for prime movers
IPC: F01D17/14
Filed: 1939-06-03
Abstract: 529,601. Fluid-pressure servomotor systems. PATENTVERWERTUNGS GES. HERMES. June 3, 1939, No. 16382. Convention date, June 4, 1938. [Class 135] In a hydraulic speed governor for turbines and other prime-movers comprising two gearwheel pumps driven by the prime-mover, the changes of pressure in the delivery of one pump being used to control the delivery pressure of the second pump, and the latter pressure being used to control the servomotor, the two gear pumps are separately arranged in a common housing. Fig. 2 shows a pump 2, 3 which delivers liquid through passages 15, 18, 19 and past an adjustable throttle 20, the pressure in the passage 19 being transmitted through passages 21, 23, 26 to the top of a piston 7, over which is a cap 28 controlling the outlet 36 from the second geared pump 4, 5 by way of passages 32, 35. The pressure in the passage 32 is used to act on the valve 40 of the servomotor controlling the steam-inlet valve 39 of the turbine. A further control may be effected by an additional throttle 48 arranged in a bore in the pump shaft 9 and connected with the passage 32, the adjustment being effected by the steam pressure applied to a diaphragm 45. In further modifications, additional throttles arranged in bores in the other pump shafts are influenced by the steam pressure supplied to two or more turbines, and the resulting pressures of the pumps used to control the several inlet valves of the turbines through servomotors.
Patent GB-792969-A (GB)
Title: Information bearer for recording figures in a styled form and method for identifying the figures
Inventor: KOSTEN LEENDERT
IPC: G06V30/224
Filed: 1955-06-07
Abstract: 792,969. Statistical apparatus. STAAT DER NEDERLANDEN TEN DEZE VERTEGENWOORDIGD DOOR DE DIRECTEURGENERAAL DER POSTERIJEN TELEGRAFIE EN TELEFONIE. June 7, 1955 [June 12, 1954], No. 16382/55. Class 106 (1). [Also in Group XL (b)] Data is represented on a carrier by characters formed according to a common pattern which as shown in Fig. 2 may be in the form of a vertical rectangle with a horizontal cross-bar, this pattern being provided on the carrier with a surface or path upon which it is possible to write, whereas the adjacent areas are treated so that it is difficult or impossible to write on them. The characters are entered by filling in the appropriate parts of the writing path as illustrated in Fig. 2. The writing path is scanned by a spot of light as shown in Fig. 3 which, by making twelve steps or phases, crosses at right angles each limb of the writing track in turn, the reflected light being conducted to a photo-cell F as shown in Fig. 4. The light spot originates in a cathode-ray tube, the vertical and horizontal deflector plates being energized to cause the beam to follow the path necessary. According to the character being scanned the photocell F will give an output pulse in different ones of the scanning phases. Thus for a " 5 " there is an output in phases 2, 3, 6, 9 and 10 (Fig. 3). The highest possible number of signals, i.e. for the numeral " 8 " is seven occurring in phases 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11. Gates Pa to Pg are accordingly enabled during these phases so that signals generated during them are passed through triggers Ta-Tg to output terminals a to g which therefore present a coded representation of the character scanned.
Patent GB-203784-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in urethroscopes
IPC: A61B1/307
Filed: 1922-06-13
Abstract: 203,784. Montague, J. H., and Rose, W. D. June 13, 1922. Appliances for illuminating cavities.-Relates to urethroscopes of the kind in which light is reflected into the cannula by an inclined apertured mirror and having means for inflation and an inclined branch tube for the passage of a probe &c., and consists in the provision of a flexible tube, with or without an enclosed spring, connecting the probe to the inclined tube, in the provision of a combined lamp holder and switch, and in various details of construction. The cannula a is connected to a nozzle b fitted with a screw-down air inlet valve d and with an inclined branch tube q for the passage of a probe r formed with an inclined manipulating portion r' terminating in a handle r<2>. The probe r is connected to the tube q by a flexible tube s and is normally held retracted by a spring t. The nozzle b is connected by a bracket k to a tubular fitting j enclosing a lamp having rotary and longitudinal adjustments, a condenser i, and an apertured inclined mirror g, and fitted with a telescope m. The lamp holder comprises a base piece w with central and eccentric spring plungers x, x<1>. The central plunger x is in contact with a central spring plunger z<2> making contact with one lamp terminal, and the eccentric plunger x<1> may, by rotation of the part w, be brought into or out of contact with a rod y' in connection with the other terminal of the lamp.
Patent GB-804835-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to control means for electrically power operated machines
IPC: G05B19/06
Filed: 1955-06-08
Abstract: 804,835. Transmitting mechanical power; electromagnetic clutches and brakes. IGRANIC ELECTRIC CO., Ltd. June 8, 1955 [June 9, 1954], No. 16448/55. Classes 35 and 38 (4). The ram of a press 10 is driven downwardly from its upper normal position by operating controller 23 to energize motor 22 which is coupled to shaft 20 and flywheel 21. Simultaneous operation of two push-buttons causes a clutch coil 19a to be connected to generator 25 and a separate excitation circuit to be closed for the field winding 25b of the generator, so that driving torque is transmitted from shaft 20 to shaft 11 which is free to rotate since brake coil 14 is energized. The initial degree of coupling is at a maximum value determined by the adjustment of resistor 30, but, after a time delay, resistor 32 is connected in series with field winding 25b to reduce the degree of coupling between the shafts. Just before the press ram reaches the bottom of its stroke and comes into contact with the work, a limit switch closes to effect the energization of field winding 36b whereby generator 36 energizes brake coil 17a to decelerate the ram as it approaches the work. Further limit switches are subsequently opened to de-energize the field winding 25b and then to energize it reversely, thus rapidly forcing the dissipation of the magnetic field produced by the winding. Accordingly, the driving torque coupling between shafts 20 and 11 is quickly reduced to zero as braking torque is applied to shaft 11. When the voltage of generator 25 is reduced to zero and starts to develop in the reverse direction, the reverse energizing connections of the field winding 25b are discontinued. Further limit switch operation results in disconnection of the field winding 36b and in its reverse excitation to de-energize brake coil 17a and to remove quickly the braking torque on shaft 11. The field-forcing de-energization of the brake coil is interrupted before any appreciable reverse excitation of the coil occurs. Subsequent operation involves the reconnection of field winding 25b with resistor 31 in circuit so that the clutch coil 19a is energized to a reduced degree for re-coupling the shafts 20 and 11. The resistor 31 is then removed from the circuit of the field winding 25b to afford increase of the energization of clutch coil 19a and consequent increase of the driving torque on shaft 11 so that the speed at which the ram moves toward its upper normal position is increased. The push buttons must be released before another cycle of operations can be initiated. As the press reaches its upper position, clutch coil 19a is de-energized by forcing generator field winding 25b, brake coil 17a is energized, and coil 14 is de-energized to set the friction brake. After a time delay period, forced de-energization of the brake coil 17a takes place. The clutch-brake 16 may be replaced by separate clutches and magnetic brakes.
Patent GB-1186403-A (GB)
Title: Direct Process for the Production of Instant Mashed Poato Product of Varied Bulk-Densities
IPC: A23L19/15
Filed: 1967-04-11
Abstract: 1,186,403. Dehydrated mashed potato products. AMERICAN POTATO CO. 11 April, 1967 [14 April, 1966], No. 16460/67. Heading A2D. A process for preparing a dry instant mashed potato product comprises preparing an aqueous damage-free, debris-free potato slurry and either (a) producing a stable wet foam from the slurry, drying (e.g. on a drum) a major portion of the west foam and mixing the dry foam portion with the wet foam portion to form a damp mix or (b) dividing the slurry into a major portion and a minor portion, adding milk to the minor portion, forming stable wet foams from each portion, drying the major foam portion and mixing the dry foam portion with the wet milk-containing foam portion to form a damp mix. The damp mix has a 60-65% by wt. moisture content. The damp mix may be predried to about 30% by wt. moisture content, granulated or mixed with or without retrogradation and finally dried to about 7% moisture content. The slurry may be formed by mashing precooked, cooled and cooked potatoes in water containing butylated hydroxytoluene sulphites, monoglycerides and chelating agents. The slurry is foamed in the presence of gas (e.g. air).