baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1161022-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in vacuum packaging
IPC: B65D75/28
Filed: 1966-08-26
Abstract: 1,161,022. Packaging in receptacles. AMERICAN CAN CO., R. A. MAHAFFY and J. R. HARDER. 26 Aug., 1966 [1 Sept., 1965 (2)], No. 38485/66. Heading B8C. A package containing perishable foodstuffs is formed from a receptacle 12, Fig. 1, to hold the product and a flexible sheet 20, hermetically sealed to the perimeter (16), Fig. 4, of the receptacle and stretched beyond its elastic unit to conform to the profile of the foodstuff. The receptacles, carrying the foodstuffs, are singly held in a series of trays 10 that move from right to left (as viewed in Fig. 1). When a tray is halted under a rectangular preliminary sealing head 22 of a packaging head 18, the head 18 descends to cover the receptacle with film 20, drawn from a supply roll. Heat sealing bars 26, Fig. 2, which extend around three sides of the head 22 and part of the fourth side and a silicon rubber strip (28), which extends along the remainder of the fourth side, press the edges of the film 20 against the flanges 16 of the receptacle 12 to seal the package. Air is withdrawn from the chamber above the film through a vacuum line 36 to force the film up against a heated platen 30 which softens it. The head 18 is lifted and the tray is indexed to move underneath a final sealing head 24 whereon the head 18 is again lowered. The package is evacuated through the flange adjacent to the partially heat-sealed fourth side and inert gas admitted to the package to a level remaining below that of atmospheric pressure whereon a seal bar completes the heat-sealing of the package. Air is admitted to the chamber above the film, the chamber being previously evacuated with the package, to force and stretch the film against the upper contours of the foodstuff which it follows, Fig. 4. The film may be stretched in the preliminary sealing stage and films may be used where preheating is unnecessary. A finger tab (64), Fig. 3, facilitates opening of the package and a paperboard member (60), Fig. 6, may be secured to the edges of the film 20, to provide additional rigidity, the package being opened by peeling the film and board, as one, away from the receptacle 12, Fig. 7. The receptacles are made of transparent callendered non-plasticized polyvinyl chloride, and the film is a laminate of polyester coated with Saran (Trade Mark), and polyvinyl chloride.
Patent GB-330221-A (GB)
Title: Process of producing water gas
IPC: C10J3/46
Filed: 1928-12-31
Abstract: 330,221. Tyrer, D., Watts, H., and Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. Dec. 31, 1928. Water gas is generated by passing a mixture of finely divided carbonaceous material (liquid or solid) with a gas containing oxygen and steam, or steam alone, at a rate of about 10 c.m. per second or less in contact with a highly heated surface. Finely divided coal or coke and steam are blown by an injector through a preheating chamber heated to 600‹ C. and then passed into a larger chamber heated externally to 1500‹ C. in which the mixture is heated by radiation, a velocity of 10 c.m. per second being maintained. The generator may be divided into zones of different temperatures by internal baffles; and vertical generators of relatively large diameter are preferably used. Specifications 266,354, 288,797, and 295,717 are referred to.
Patent GB-1260280-A (GB)
Title: A device for collecting turns of rod or wire
IPC: B21C47/14
Filed: 1970-08-11
Abstract: 1,260,280. Coiling rod or wire. SCHLOEMANN A.G., and HUTTENWERK OBERHAUSEN A.G. 11 Aug., 1970 [11 Aug., 1969], No. 38695/70. Heading B3E. A device for collecting turns of rod or wire and forming them into coiled bundles has a guide cone 1, a lower collecting zone from which the coils are discharged, an upper collecting zone for holding on-coming turns while a previous coil is being discharged said zone having at least one retractable arm 5 for engaging the turns, a raisable and lowerable lower internal centering mandrel 3 in the lower collecting zone and an upper internal centering mandrel 9 in the upper collecting zone supportable on said lower internal centering mandrel and upon said retractable arm, or arms. Preceding the cone 1 is a conveyer. 6 which continuously feeds turns of rod or wire 7 which are collected to form a bundle 8. The upper collecting zone has an outer cylindrical centering device 2a and the lower zone outer centering bars 2b mounted on a reciprocable plate 14 which carries the lower mandrel 3. The bars extend through a collecting plate 4. The carrying arms are swung in and out by rams 12. In operation the fanned out turns of wire 7 pass into the upper collecting zone and are centered and supported by the mandrel 9 and arms 5 respectively. After a bundle of wire has been formed, the arms 5 are swung away so that the bundle falls on to the collecting plate 4 whilst guided by the rods 2b and lower mandrel 3. The arms then swing back to immediately receive the following turns and the lower mandrel and rods are retracted by an hydraulic cylinder 13 to enable the bundle to be pushed off the collecting plate 4 on to a discharge conveyer belt.
Patent GB-1126091-A (GB)
Title: Magnetic recording and playback apparatus
IPC: G11B15/32
Filed: 1966-08-30
Abstract: 1,126,091. Slip couplings. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. 30 Aug., 1966 [15 Sept., 1965], No. 38728/66. Heading F2U. [Also in Division G5] A magnetic tape transport mechanism comprises a take-up turntable 14 and a friction clutch mechanism consisting of a clutchplate 32 attached to turntable 14 and frictionally coupled to a pulley drum 20 driven by a motor 26. A U-shaped leaf spring 34 mounted on spindle 10 of turntable 14 is coupled to and bears against clutch-plate 32 to press friction layer surface 30 of the latter against the bottom of pulley cup 20. The degree of friction coupling and hence the driving torque between clutch-plate 32 and pulley 20 is charged by adjusting the position of a bushing 38 and lock nut 40 and a threaded portion of spindle 10. To increase engagement between the clutch-plate 32 and pulley cup 20, for fast forward reeling of the tape, pressure is applied to a second leaf spring 50, which is also coupled to and bears against clutch plate 32, by means of an arm 66 of member 62 actuated by a lever 72 through a rod 74. Member 62 is connected via a cord 78, lever 82 and rod 84 to a brake lever 86 which normally applies a brake 88 to restrain a drive pulley 90 associated with the tape supply spindle (not shown). On pulling lever 72 into the position shown in Fig. 3 brake 88 is released and brake lever 86 closes the contacts of a micro-switch 92 to energize drive motor 26. On release of lever 72, brake lever 88 is automatically applied and the motor 26 is de-energized.
Patent GB-1181370-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Pins of electric Plugs
Inventor: BUTCHER ERIC JAMES
IPC: H01R13/44
Filed: 1967-08-24
Abstract: 1,181,370. Two part couplings. J. A. CRABTREE & CO. Ltd. 16 Aug., 1968 [24 Aug., 1967], No. 39013/67. Heading H2E. Pins of rectangular cross-section in a mains plug have grooves adjacent the plug body filled with insulation which extends around the pins and is flush with the contact-making portions of the pins.
Patent GB-1271035-A (GB)
Title: Processes for forming semiconductor devices and individual semiconductor bodies from a single wafer
Inventor: METS EDWIN JOHANNS
IPC: H01L21/329
Filed: 1970-08-13
Abstract: 1,271,035. Semi-conductor device manufacture. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 13 Aug., 1970 [20 Aug., 1969], No. 39129/70. Heading H1K. A layer of one conductivity type semiconductor material is epitaxially grown on a region of higher resistivity and of the opposite conductivity type and the resulting structure heated in an oxidizing atmosphere to simultaneously move the PN junction into the substrate and form a passivating oxide layer at its intersection with the surface. In a typical method for making controlled rectifiers in multiple a high-conductivity silicon layer 101 (Fig. 2b) is grown on one face of silicon wafer 100. A further layer 102 of the same type as 101 is formed on the opposite face by epitaxy or diffusion and annular PN junction forming regions 105 formed in it by diffusion. Intersecting mutually perpendicular sets of parallel grooves are formed, e.g. by abrasion, between regions 105 which extend close to junction 103. The opposite face is abraded or an interstitial impurity diffused into it. On heating for a controlled period at 900-1200‹ C. in an oxidizing atmosphere and slowly cooling junction 103 moves upwards so that it breaks surface in the grooves where it is passivated by the resulting oxide, and detrimental impurities such as iron diffuse into traps generated by heating the treated lower face. The oxide is removed except from the grooves together with the region containing the traps, appropriate electrodes provided (Fig. 2e, not shown) and the wafer divided into single elements by scribing or sawing along the grooves. By omitting layer 102 and regions 105 PN diodes may be similarly made. Use of the method to make devices singly is also envisaged as is the use of other groove patterns.
Patent GB-1173177-A (GB)
Title: Conveyor Apparatus
Inventor: BOERI ANGELO GIULIO
IPC: B61B10/02
Filed: 1967-08-29
Abstract: 1,173,177. Endless conveyers. VAGNONE & BOERI, S.A.S. 29 Aug., 1967, No. 39435/67. Heading B8A. An endless overhead conveyer comprises a plurality of carriages 16 connected to endless chains 27, 28, each carriage has rollers 17-20 to engage respective guides 11-14 and an arm 21 to suspend a workpiece. The upper end of the arm 21 is coupled through meshing gears 22, 23 to a cranked arm 25, the free end of which mounts a roller 26 for engagement with a cam track 25 shaped to effect angular displacement of the arm 25 and thus the workpiece on movement along the conveyer path. The guides 11-14, the track 25 and the carriages 16 are enclosed in an inverted channel-shaped member 1.
Patent GB-970295-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to earth fault protection for electrical supply systems
IPC: H02H3/33
Filed: 1961-11-03
Abstract: 970,295. Protective cut-out arrangements. HEINEMANN ELECTRIC SOUTH AFRICA Ltd. Nov. 3, 1961 [Nov. 7, 1960], No. 39445/61. Heading H2K. A circuit-breaker 5 in a single-phase A.C. system fed from a transformer 6 has an overload trip-coil 12, an earth leakage trip coil 8 fed from a current balance arrangement 7 in the line 2 and return 4, and a further trip coil 10 connected between the return 4 and earth 9 so as to be energized if the return is broken between the transformer 6 and the circuit-breaker. The return 4 may have a series of earth connections as shown, the reference 11 indicating local earth resistance.
Patent GB-1000456-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor piezoresistance device
IPC: H01L29/84
Filed: 1961-11-06
Abstract: 1,000,456. Accelerometers. TEXAS INSTRUMENTS Inc. Nov. 6, 1961 [Nov.15, 1960], No. 39639/61. Heading G1N. [Also in Division H1] A piezo-resistive element has a semi-conductor member the major portion of which is of one conductivity type and another (active) portion of which is a long, narrow, thin volume of different resistivity and/or conductivity-type, and has means for holding the member in a position which is suitable for the application of stress-producing forces to the member. In the embodiments described such elements are incorporated in accelerometers, The embodiment of Figs. 1 (not shown) and 2 has a long thin high resistivity bar 6 (e.g. of P-type silicon) having surface layers 7, 8 which are more highly doped (e.g. by gallium diffusion) and are thus of low resistivity. Two such bars extend parallel to each other from a fixed support 1 and are connected at their other ends by a floating mass 4. (View of the second bar is obscured by the first in Fig. 2). The surface layers of the two bars each have two electrodes 5 and are connected in a bridge circuit to obtain high sensitivity. The semi-conductor material is orientated so that the compressive or tensile stress of the active areas occurs in the direction giving the maximum sensitivity. In the case of P-type silicon this arises in the direction perpendicular to the (1, 0, 0) crystallographic plane. Instead of using a bar of constant cross-sectional area a constant strength beam may be used as shown in Fig. 5. Beams with upper and lower active regions, 20 and 21 (not shown) are held in a hollow rigid casing of plastic or metal, the tongues 14,15 of the casing acting as end stops for masses 18 to prevent the elastic limit limit of the semi-conductor from being exceeded. The active regions need not be linear in form but may, for example, be of a meandering pattern Fig. 7 (not shown) produced by known masking or etching techniques. In the devices interaction between active areas on opposite sides of the beam is prevented by the presence of the region of high resistivity material between them, but the same effect may be achieved by using surface layers which are of different conductivity type to the material of the beam. The element shown in Fig. 8 is provided with four active areas on a single beam and consists of a bar of P-type germanium with N-type regions 42, 44 between the body of the bar and the surface P-type layers 46, 48. The N- and P-type regions may be produced by known methods such as two stage diffusion or simultaneous diffusion of donor and acceptor impurities. Each of the active regions is provided with two ohmic contacts and the resistors between these pairs are connected into a bridge circuit whose out of balance signal forms the output. It is stated that other embodiments may make use of rod type elements in which shear stresses are produced by torsional forces.
Patent GB-820652-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to controlled electric rectifier devices
IPC: G05F1/42
Filed: 1956-12-31
Abstract: 820,652. Automatic current control systems. SOC. DE L'ACCUMULATEUR FULMEN. Dec. 31, 1956. [Dec. 30, 1955], No. 39663/56. Class 38 (4). A constant current thyratron rectifier has an A.C. grid voltage supplied through a phaseshifting circuit and a D.C. grid voltage derived from a bridge circuit, to which are applied the automatic control signal and a manually adjusted signal to set current level. In series with the thyratron 5 across the A.C. supply S1, S2 are the load 4 and a current transformer 13. An A.C. grid voltage is applied to the thyratron via transformer 61 and phase shifting components 63, 64; in series with this voltage between grid and cathode is the D.C. difference voltage across the anode load resistances of double triode amplifier 7. To one grid 8 is applied a manually set voltage, for setting current level from potentiometer 10 across the rectified supply 12. To the other grid is applied the rectified output from the current transformer and variations of this signal are amplified and applied as bias variations to the thyratron. Its striking point on the A.C. grid voltage cycle is thus varied to compensate for current changes. The triodes 8, 9 with their load resistances form a bridge circuit across the supply 12, its output being taken between the anodes.
Patent GB-1022736-A (GB)
Title: Elastomeric porous material and method for manufacturing same
IPC: C08L21/00
Filed: 1964-09-29
Abstract: A resilient and deformable porous product comprises a vulcanized mixture of particles of an elastomer and factice.  The elastomer may be natural rubber, polychloroprene, a copolymer of butadiene with acrylonitrile or with styrene or homologues thereof.  The factice may be a vegetable oil such as rapeseed or soyabean oil vulcanized with S or S2Cl2.  A resinous material may be included which may be thermosetting, e.g. phenolformaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resins, or thermoplastic, e.g. polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl chloride resins.
Patent GB-1150419-A (GB)
Title: Automatic Irrigation Apparatus
IPC: A61M1/00
Filed: 1966-09-06
Abstract: 1,150,419. Surgical irrigation apparatus. IRRIGATION CONTROL Inc. 6 Sept.; 1966 [4 OCt., 1965], No. 39829/66. Heading A5R. [Also in Division F2] Irrigation apparatus, for irrigating the bladder of a patient with a sterile liquid, comprises a first passage 50 for supplying sterile liquid from a source 47 thereof to the bladder; first valve means 30 associated with the first passage 50 and having an open position, where liquid is permitted to pass through the first passage 50, and a closed position, where liquid is prevented from passing through the first passage 50; a second passage 52 for draining liquid from the bladder; second valve means associated with the second passage 52 and having an open position, where liquid is permitted to pass through the second passage 52, and a closed position, where liquid is prevented from passing through the second passage 52; and control means operable in response to a change in the pressure of a fluid to move said first and second valve means between a first arrangement where the first valve means 30 is retained in the open position and the second valve means is retained in the closed position, and a second' arrangement where the second valve means is retained in the open position and the first valve means 30 is retained in the closed position. As shown, first valve means 30 comprises a reciprocally movable pin 34 protruding from slot 27a in hollow post 27. Pin 34 is normally biased so as to bear against tube 50 so as to pinch it closed. But, under the influence of reduced pressure produced by vacuum pump 11, pin 34 is urged away from tube 50, thereby permitting flow of liquid through tube 50. The second valve means comprises a similar reciprocally movable pin 39 normally spaced away from tube 52. But, under the influence of the reduced pressure, pin 39 is urged against tube 52 so as to pinch it closed. Liquid passing through tube 52 is collected in intermediate waste container 55, which is connected by tube 56 to final waste container 57. A third valve means 40 comprises a reciprocally movable pin 44, which is similar to pins 34 and 39, and which is normally biased so as to bear against tube 56 so as to pinch it closed. But, under the influence of the reduced pressure, pin 44 is urged away from tube 56, thereby permitting flow of liquid through tube 56. Pins 34, 39 and 44 are all mounted on a metal rod (59) positioned within hollow post 27 and reciprocally movable therein. The metal rod (59) is rigidly secured at its lower end to a piston (89) reciprocally mounted within cylinder 24. Movement of the metal rod (59), automatically controlled by the electronic control apparatus 13, ensures that the irrigation and drainage phases in the operation of the irrigation apparatus each last the desired length of time.
Patent GB-1221099-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric motor control systems
Inventor: ORPET EDWARD GEORGE
IPC: H02P7/29
Filed: 1968-08-21
Abstract: 1,221,099. Automatic control of speed and temperature. ENERGY CONVERSION Ltd. Aug.11, 1969 [Aug.21, 1968], No.40040/68 Heading G3R. The speed of an electric motor M is controlled by varying the frequency of constant length pulses in response to the difference between a reference signal and a D. C. actual speed signal, e.g. from a tachogenerator. The reference signal is compared with the tachogenerator signal in an amplifier A1 whose output controls a constant current generator comprising an amplifier A2 and a transistor TR1, with feedback resistor R6. The conduction of TR1 varies the frequency of an oscillator comprising capacitors C5, C6 and unijunction transistor TR2. When TR2 conducts a triggering pulse is applied via transformer PT1 and diode bridge D5-8, with a pulse lengthening capacitor C9, to the gate of a thyristor SCR1 in series with the motor M and an autotransformer PR1, which charges a commutating capacitor C12. Conduction of TR2 also switches a one-shot multi-vibrator TR3, TR4 to its unstable state in which TR4 is off, thereby allowing a capacitor C13 to charge until it switches on a second unijunction transistor TR5 to produce a triggering pulse for a commutating thyristor SCR2, which thus switches off SCR1 a fixed time after it was switched on. The time can be adjusted by a rheostat VR3. The gain of error amplifier A1 is reduced by a capacitor C1 for high frequency fluctuations in the reference signal and its output is limited by diodes D1, D2. A rheostat VR2 sets an upper limit on the frequency of the oscillator and diodes D3, D4 limit the positive and negative input to TR1. In Fig. 2 (not shown) three motors are controlled as described and are associated with a fuel cell. One drives an air compressor and its speed is controlled by the current through the cell, another drives an electrolyte pump and operates at constant speed and the third drives a heat exchanger blower and is controlled by a thermistor bridge sensitive to the temperature of the electrolyte, although the set point for this temperature is varied in steps about a normal level if the cell system departs from water balance beyond upper and lower levels.
Patent GB-1164803-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in and relating to Machine Tools and Tool Mounting Members therefor
Inventor: JONES WILLIAM OWEN MCKENZIE
IPC: B23B29/06
Filed: 1965-09-20
Abstract: 1,164,803. Preset tools. W. O. M. JONES. 31 Aug., 1966 [20 Sept., 1965], No. 40047/65. Heading B3T. A lathe having means for mounting preset tools i.e. tools which are set up accurately in a location away from the lathe in which they are to be used, comprises a mounting member having an accurately positioned face 12 in or on which is formed a horizontally disposed dovetail 8 for receiving a corresponding dovetail portion of a preset tool or tool carrier and which abuts a stop member 14 projecting from the mounting member. The face 12, and inclined side 6 of the dovetail and the stop member 14 are positionally related so that the preset tooling when mounted on the mounting member assumes its precise operative position without any further adjustment. The tools are clamped in the predetermined position on the mounting member. The mounting means may be provided on the faces of a tool turret as well as the normal tool side on the lathe.
Patent GB-1283736-A (GB)
Title: Hexadecimal base number system calculator
Inventor: WYATT PHILIP J
IPC: G06G1/00
Filed: 1969-08-11
Abstract: 1283736 Hexadecimal base number system slide rules SCIENCE SPECTRUM 11 Aug 1969 [9 July 1969] 40055/69 Heading G4B A slide rule has a scale formulated in accordance with a hexadecimal base number system and an indicator movable over the scale for performing numerical calculations in the hexadecimal base number system. The rule may be straight. As shown, the rule is circular and includes a number of concentric scales on each of its faces. Included are the scales normally found on a slide rule, only based on the hexadecimal number system. The outer scale CH, for example, is logarithmic and its basic subdivisions are bounded by the first sixteen hexadecimal numbers, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F, 10, beginning and ending at the origin 27. Scales 16S, 16S1 of numbers M are also provided, representing values of 16<SP>M</SP> in hexadecimal. Some scales based on the decimal number system are also provided, e.g. decimal logarithmic scale C. Calculations involving conversion from hexadecimal to decimal and vice versa are possible. The indicator associated with each face of the rule comprises two arms 12, 14 pivoted at 20. When arm 12 is rotated about 20, arm 14 rotates through a corresponding angle, but arm 12 remains stationary when arm 14 is moved.
Patent GB-1521160-A (GB)
Title: Letter opener
IPC: B26B27/00
Filed: 1976-09-28
Abstract: 1521160 Letter opener A KUSTER 28 Sept 1976 [17 Nov 1975] 40297/76 Heading B6P When an envelope is drawn along slot 4 and encounters either of the angled cutting edges of pivoted blade 8 the face which bounds the edge directs it towards the base of the slot. If the envelope jams against the blade 8 the blade moves to release it and is returned by the legs of U-spring 10. .