Patent GB-1181317-A (GB)
Title: Automatic Power Transmission Mechanism
IPC: F16H59/18
Filed: 1968-04-02
Abstract: 1,181,317. Change-speed control. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. 2 April, 1968 [3 April, 1967], No. 15690/68. Heading F2D. In a vehicle change-speed planetary gear giving three forward gears and reverse which are selectively engaged by hydraulically-actuated brakes 38, 64 and clutches 30, 78 controlled by automatic shift valves 328, 280 which respectively control 1-2 and 2-3 gear-shifts in accordance with opposing signal pressures responsive to vehicle speed (sensed by governor 312) and engine inlet manifold depression and a manually operable R, N, D1, 2, L, ranging valve 130, controlling servo-pressure distribution from a regulator valve 86 to the shift valves, "L" is a fixed two-way first ratio, "2" is a fixed two-way second ratio, and D1 provides starts in one-way first with automatic upshifts to two-way second and two-way direct top. Servo pressure supply and regulation.-An engine-driven pump 28 alone supplies the system through a main pressure regulator valve which regulates the pressure in the servo supply line 84 by exhausting it to the engine sump, and fills a torque converter 18 through line 114 as engine-pump pressure builds up. The main spool 92 of the regulator valve is loaded downwardly by engine pump pressure and upwardly by a fixed spring 102 and a spring-connected spool 106 itself loaded by reverse gear pressure 154, to increase line pressures above that for forward drive, engine manifold responsive T.V. pressure 122 and at low speeds additional T.V. pressure 124 cut in by a cut-back valve 214, thereby obtaining high servo apply pressures for standing starts. The cut-back valve spool 222 is loaded down by governor pressure 310 and upwardly by cut-in T.V. pressure 226 and additionally T.V. booster pressure 268 in line 374 which delays cut-off of the valve until after a 1-2 shift but before a 2-3 shift. In ranges "2", R and L, line pressure is augmented at speeds above that at which the cut-back valve closes, by a line coasting boost valve 232, the spool 234 of which is down-loaded by T.V. pressure 212 against spring 242 to connect manual ranging valve line pressure 166 or 174 in line 244 to line 124 to thereby load the main regulator valve spool upwards. Automatic shift valves.-The 1-2 and 2-3 shift valves are loaded down towards upshift position by governor pressure 310 and upwards by a spring, line pressure and modulated T.V. pressure 278 at the base of the 2-3 shift valve. The 1-2 shift valve is in two parts 330, 344 such that when the manual ranging valve 130 is moved to its "2" setting, line pressure 174 is directed between the two parts to hold the lower part 330 in its upshifted position. The kickdown valve 350 operates on wide open throttle, to supply T.V. pressure 368 from booster valve 252 to the shift valves to produce successive downshifts below predetermined speeds. At smaller throttle openings, with the manual valve in "L" setting, the downshift valve regulates manual valve line pressure 166 in line 276 to produce a modified pressure in line 274 acting on the upper part 344 of the 1-2 shift valve to establish the proper 2-1 downshift point. A 2-3 back-out valve 370 smooths 2-3 upshifts by preventing simultaneous application of the direct clutch and engaged second ratio brake servo by venting brake-servo apply line 324 to the lower initial apply pressure line 298 of the direct clutch. The spool of valve 370 is loaded down by clutch apply pressure 298 and up by a spring 372 and T.V. pressure 374 from the booster valve 252. The 2-3 back-out valve is over-ridden in "L" and "2" range of the manual valve for engine braking by a spool 376 loaded upwards by line pressure 276 from the ranging valve. Operation.-Drive range D1: the manual ranging valve 130 directly pressurizes the forward clutch 30 and with rear planet reaction taken by the one-way brake, a start is made in one-way first ratio with high line pressure. With increase in speed, governor pressure 310 predominates over modulated T.V. pressure 278 to upshift the 1-2 shift valve spool 330 which directly pressurizes the apply line 324 of the intermediate ratio band brake 38. The high line pressure is then reduced by the cut-back valve. With increased speed, the 2-3 shift valve upshifts, pressurizing the direct clutch 78 and exhausting the apply line of the intermediate brake band servo. Drive range 2: the manual valve directly pressurizes the forward clutch 30 and moves the lower spool of the 1-2 shift valve down to pressurize the intermediate brake servo for second ratio. Manual valve line pressure 174 in line 360 is also applied between the differential lands 286, 288 on the 2-3 shift valve spool to hold it in its downshift position. In manual two-way low the manual valve pressurizes the rear brake band servo 64 and the forward clutch 30, and for reverse the manual ranging valve pressurizes the rear brake servo 64 and the reverse clutch 78.