Patent GB-1153952-A (GB)
Title: Fuel Injection Pumps
IPC: F02M59/46
Filed: 1966-07-07
Abstract: 1,153,952. Fuel-injection pumps. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. July 7, 1966 [July 16, 1965], No. 30531/66. Heading F1A. A fuel-injection pump comprises pistons 50 reciprocated by a swash-plate 34 and drawing fuel from a chamber 66 through inlet ports 58 and delivering the fuel to injectors through outlet ports 56, the timing and quantity of delivery being controlled by a valve 70 rotated by the pump driveshaft and axially and angularly adjustable by a governor and accelerator pedal, a control edge 78 on valve 70 co-operating with inlet ports 58 to open them during the delivery stroke for controlling the delivery timing and quantity. For starting the engine, the accelerator pedal is fully depressed causing shaft 82 and valve 70 to be moved to an uppermost position to provide excess fuel for starting. When the engine starts, the accelerator pedal is released and valve 70 moves downwardly to an idling position controlled by the governor acting against a spring 97, which determines the lower idle limit speed. Depression of the accelerator pedal raises shaft 82 and the engine speed increases, the governor acting to move valve 70 downwardly against spring 97 up to a speed of 900 r.p.m., when it contacts a stop 99 and prevents further operation of the governor until the engine speed increases to 2,400 r.p.m., above which speed the governor overcomes a spring 114 to move governor sleeve 100 downwardly. Between 900 and 2,400 r.p.m. the engine speed is a direct function of the accelerator pedal position. Sleeve 100 is coupled to valve 70 by a pin 108 in a slot 110, 112. Slot 110 is effective for axial movement of valve 70 up to 900 r.p.m. Above 2,400 r.p.m., pin 108 moves in slot 112 causing rotation of valve 70 relative to the drive-shaft. The upper speed limit, say 3,400 r.p.m. is reached when pin 108 reaches the upper end of slot 112. To provide compensation for reduction in fuel delivery when injection is advanced above 2,400 r.p.m., thrust bearing assembly 88 has balls (142) seated on inclined cam surfaces (144) Figs. 4 to 6 (not shown), so that when valve 70 is rotated relative to drive-shaft 83, the balls move up the cam surfaces and raise valve 70 to increase the fuel delivery. In the embodiment of Figs. 7 to 12 (not shown), the speed control springs (178), (182) are mounted horizontally directly on the governor weights (156), and pointers (192), (194) visible through windows in the pump casing co-operate with scales to indicate the timing and the axial position of the valve control shaft. The pump delivery valves 59 act to reduce the pressure in the delivery lines when they close, to prevent drip or secondary injection. The delivery valve of Fig. 13 (not shown), comprises a slide valve (200) engaging a ball valve (218), passages (228), (230) in valve (200) providing communication between delivery port 58 and delivery passage (238) when valve (200) is moved to the right to move ball (218) off its seat and expose valve groove (226). When valve (200) closes, land (222) seals with passage (202), and further leftward movement of the valve reduces the pressure in the delivery line. In the Fig. 14 embodiment (not shown), the ball valve is omitted and slide valve (200') is formed with a valve seat (250). In Figs. 15 and 16 (not shown) a ball valve (260) is located between the slide valve and the delivery port. Lubrication of the swashplate, pistons and drive-shaft is provided by the engine oil through passages 4 and a lubricating groove 54' in the pistons, which also have a leakage fuel-collecting groove 54. Lubrication of the governor and control assembly is by fuel from chamber 66 passing through check valve 127. Chamber 66 has a window for viewing air bubbles and is supplied with fuel by a feed pump.