baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20020055438-A (KR)
Inventor: NISHI KENJI
IPC: H01L21/027
Filed: 2001-12-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: An exposure apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof, a manufacturing method in fabrication line are provided to efficiently produce without using dedicated large scale adjustment jigs. CONSTITUTION: An exposure light(IL), which is an exposure beam emitted from an exposure light source(16) at exposure, enters the first illumination system(IL1) in a first sub-chamber(17). The first illumination system(IL1) is comprised of a beam matching unit(BMU), beam shaping optical system, optical integrator(uniformizer or homogenizer) to uniform the illuminance distribution, light quantity monitor, variable aperture stop, and relay lens system. The emission face of the first illumination system(IL1) is almost conjugate with the pattern face(reticle face) of the reticle, which is an illuminated object, a variable field stop(19) is disposed on the emission face, and an illumination distribution correction filter(18) is for correcting the illuminance distribution in the illumination area is disposed on a nearby face at the incident side of the variable field stop(19).
Patent KR-20020023918-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK JAE HONG
IPC: H04L12/28
Filed: 2001-12-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: A fast hand-off method using a beacon message based on a wireless LAN(Local Area Network) is provided to minimize the loss of user data and perform a fast hand-off by previously obtaining the beacon message including information to a new network under IPv6 environment based on the wireless LAN and mobile IPv6 environment. CONSTITUTION: In case that a user terminal moves to a new network, a current access router and a hand-off object access router periodically transmit a beacon message including power strength measurement information and prefix information to the user terminal(S101,S102). The user terminal receives the beacon message, periodically compares a power strength of the current access router and a power strength of the hand-off object access router, and judges whether a hand-off is performed(S103). If it is judged as the hand-off, an address is generated for a routing with the hand-off object access router using prefix information and the hand-off is performed using the generated address.
Patent KR-20010079916-A (KR)
Title: Process for Making Microcellular Polyurethane Elastomers
IPC: C08G18/00
Filed: 1999-07-27
Abstract: Microcellular elastomers and a process for making them are disclosed. The process comprises reacting a resin component ("B" side) with an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer ("A" side). Pre-reacting the right proportion of chain extender into an "A" side that also includes a high-primary, low-unsaturation polyol is the key to making low-density (less than 0.5 g/cm3) microcellular elastomers while avoiding problems with poor processing or inferior physical properties. The process is easy to practice, and provides lighter, high-quality polyurethane products, including protective sports equipment, arm rests or steering wheels for the auto industry, and midsoles or shoe soles for footwear.
Patent KR-20010075578-A (KR)
IPC: C08K5/523
Filed: 1999-12-15
Abstract: (A) 중량 평균 분자량이 12,000 내지 25,000 인 방향족 폴리카보네이트,  (B) 부틸 아크릴레이트 단위 함량이 1 내지 30 중량 % 인 스티렌-아크릴로니트릴-부틸 아크릴레이트 공중합체, (C) 한 종 이상의 그라프트 중합가능한 단량체를, 폴리오르가노실록산 및 폴리알킬 (메트)아크릴레이트를 함유하는 복합 고무 상에 그라프트 중합함을 포함하는 방법에 의해 수득되는 복합 고무계 그라프트 공중합체, (D) 인산 에스테르 화합물, 및 (E) 테트라플루오로에틸렌 중합체를 함유하는, 용융 유동성이 향상된 폴리카보네이트계 난연 수지 조성물.     본 수지 조성물은 우수한 용융 유동성을 가질 뿐만 아니라, 우수한 난연성, 내충격성 및 탄성율도 가진다.     본 수지 조성물은 유리하게, 각종 성형품, 예컨대 사무 자동화(OA) 기기, 및 전기·전자 기기에 사용되는 성형품들을 제조하는데 유리하게 사용되고, 특히 소폭의 성형품을 제조하는데 유리하다.
Patent KR-20010080005-A (KR)
Title: Accelerator for the Production of Polyamides from Aminonitriles
IPC: C08G69/20
Filed: 1999-10-05
Abstract: Disclosed are the use of lactams, aminocarboxylic acids or mixtures thereof as acceleratant or cocatalyst in the production of polyamides from aminonitriles and water, and a suitable process therefor.
Patent KR-20010085912-A (KR)
Title: 내연기관용 냉각회로
IPC: F01P5/12
Filed: 2000-08-05
Abstract: 내연 기관용 냉각회로는, 두 개의 평행하는 냉매 채널(4,5), 및 냉매 흐름을 평행 채널(4,5)로 분할하기 위한 분배기(14)를 포함하고 있다.
Patent KR-20010088870-A (KR)
IPC: C05D1/02
Filed: 1999-09-30
Abstract: 탄산수소나트륨 및 황산칼륨을 제조하기 위한 방법론. 일 실시예에서, 황산나트륨과 중탄산암모늄이 반응하여 탄산수소나트륨을 형성하되 잔여 용액 또는 염수는, 이어지는 황산칼륨의 침전과 더불어 탄산염을 제거하기 위해, 황산으로 처리된다. 다른 실시예에서는 탄산수소나트륨을 침전시키기 위해 중탄산암모늄, 암모니아 가스 또는 이산화탄소를 사용한다. 본 방법들의 결과로서 고품질 비료와 식용등급 탄산수소나트륨을 제조할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20010101150-A (KR)
IPC: C09J129/10
Filed: 1999-03-31
Abstract: 테이프(14)에 가변 정보를 인쇄하여 테이프 세그먼트를 형성하고, 상기 테이프 세그먼트를 절단하여 태그를 형성하며, 이 태그를 대상물에 부착하는 본 발명의 장치(10)는 정보를 테이프 세그먼트에 인쇄하는 프린터(18)를 포함한다.  컨트롤러(20)는 테이프에 인쇄되는 정보를 변화시키는 입력에 응답하여 프린터를 제어한다.  인쇄된 테이프 세그먼트는 대상물에 부착하기 위한 위치로 전송되어 절단된다.  접착 테이프(14)는 그 위에 가변 정보가 인쇄될 수 있고, 대상물 위에 부착될 수 있다.  상기 테이프는 백킹층과, 이 백킹층의 제1 측면에 접착층을 포함한다.  상기 백킹층과 접착층 중 적어도 하나는 60보다 큰 불투명도를 나타내도록 채색 처리된다.  상기 테이프는 흑색 배경에 부착될 때 적어도 C의 스캔 등급과, 적어도 65의 불투명도록 가질 수 있다.  상기 테이프는 서로 조합하여 선택되는 a*,b*,L*의 조합을 포함하는 색 코디네이트를 갖는 표면에 부착될 때 특정의 스캔 등급을 달성할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20010101768-A (KR)
IPC: E03C1/04
Filed: 2000-01-27
Abstract: 본 발명은 원피스 매니폴드 몸체와 상기 몸체에 피봇운동하도록 장착된 스위블 스파우트로 구성되는 수도꼭지에 관한 것이다. 바람직하게는, 상기 몸체는 그 곳을 통해 유체 흐름을 허용하는 제 1 및 제 2 레그로 구성된다. 상기 수도꼭지는 바람직하게는 상기 제 1 및 제 2 레그 부분을 고착하기 위한 싱크대(sink deck) 장착 너트를 포함할 수 있다. 또한, 상기 수도꼭지는 상기 몸체에 결합되는 이스카쳔 및 카트리지와, 상기 카트리지와 몸체사이에 개재되는 리테이너 링을 포함할 수 있다. 본 발명의 바람직한 일구체예에 있어서는, 상기 수도꼭지는 몸체내에 배치되는 전환 밸브뿐만 아니라 몸체에 결합되는 핸드 스프레이를 포함할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20010102385-A (KR)
Title: 차량 탑승자 위치 감지 시스템
IPC: B60R21/01
Filed: 2000-01-31
Abstract: 차량 탑승자 위치 감지 시스템(10)은 펄스 변조 송신기 신호를 생성하기 위한 송신기(12)를 구비한다.  비교적 낮은 Q 팩터를 갖는 수신기(14)는 송신기 신호의 반사파를 수신한다.  제어기(16)는 반사 신호의 수신에 응답하여 차량 탑승자와 송신기 사이의 거리를 표시한다.
Patent KR-20020008160-A (KR)
Title: 동력 머신용 메인 제어 컴퓨터 장치
IPC: E02F3/96
Filed: 2000-04-21
Abstract: 본 발명은 스키드 스티어 로더 등의 동력 머신(10)상에서 유압, 전기 및 기계 액츄에이터(64, 66, 67)를 제어하기 위한 컴퓨터 기반의 제어 시스템(50)에 관한 것이다. 상기 컴퓨터 기반의 제어 시스템(50)의 다수의 특징들을 실시하여 상기 전력 머신(10)의 어떤 동작적인 양상을 향상시키도록 구성된다.
Patent KR-20020010136-A (KR)
IPC: A01M29/30
Filed: 2000-04-28
Abstract: 본 발명은 수목성장제어용 통형상체 및 수목성장제어방법에 관한 것으로서, 파장 560~700㎚의 적색광을 최대 30~50% 커트하고, 파장 400㎚ 이하의 자외광을 100% 커트하는 재료로 제조한 것을 특징으로 하는 수목성장제어용 통형상체 및 파장 700㎚ 이상의 원적외광을 최대 50~80% 커트하고, 파장 400㎚ 이하의 자외광을 100% 커트하는 재료로 제조한 것을 특징으로 하는 수목성장제어 통형상체 및 파장 400~500㎚의 청색광을 최대 30~80% 커트하고, 파장 400㎚ 이하의 자외광을 100% 커트하는 재료로 제조한 것을 특징으로 하는 수목성장제어용 통형상체를 제공하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20020011136-A (KR)
Title: Prioritization and flow control of data packets for a spread spectrum multiuser channel
IPC: H04L/
Filed: 2000-05-19
Abstract: The present invention provides a scheduling mechanism (74) for controlling packet data from multiple types of data sources (48-52), including data sources (48-52) having reroutable data and data sources (48-52) having non-reroutable data, the multiple types of data sources (48-52) flowing into a multiuser channel (56) in a wireless spread spectrum code division multiple access communication system, the mechanism (74) characterized by:a queue (54) associated with the multiuser channel (56) having an input configured to receive incoming packet data from a plurality of data source queues (48-52), the multiuser channel queue (54) outputting the received packet data for transmission over the multiuser channel (56);the plurality of data source queues (76-86), each data source queue (76-86) uniquely associated with each data source (48-52) and having an input configured to receive data from that queue's data source (48-52), each data source queue (48-52) capable of varying its capacity; andwherein the varying capacity of each data source queue (48-52) changes based on in part an availability of the multiuser channel queue (54).
Patent KR-20020028903-A (KR)
Title: Dinucleotide crystals
IPC: C07H1/06
Filed: 2000-06-30
Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing dCP4U involving reacting uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP), 2'-deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate (dCMP), diphenyl phosphochloridate (DPC), and pyrophosphate (PPi). The crystals of dCP4U obtained through the process according to the present invention have high purity and high stability and no hygroscopicity as compared with a freeze-dried product, and thereby serve as a useful raw material for preparing a pharmaceutical. The process for producing dCP4U according to the present invention permits use of inexpensive UMP as a raw material and realizes high yield. Thus, the process is suitable for large-scale synthesis of dCP4U.
Patent KR-20030061135-A (KR)
Title: Wire condensor
Inventor: LEE JIN GYEONG
IPC: F25B39/04
Filed: 2002-01-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: A wire condenser is provided to reduce vibration of a refrigerant tube and to improve durability. CONSTITUTION: A wire condenser(13) includes a refrigerant tube(17) in which refrigerant compressed in a compressor(11) flows; and a wire(15) placed in horizontal direction with respect to longitudinal direction of the refrigerant tube to fix the refrigerant tube. The compressor is placed near the wire condenser to compress refrigerant. The refrigerant tube has a plurality of pitches from a first pitch section(P1) near the compressor to a last pitch section, and is formed zigzag. An end of the first pitch section of the refrigerant tube is connected with the compressor. An end of the last pitch section of the refrigerant tube is connected with an expander. High temperature and high pressure refrigerant flowing in from the compressor flows in the refrigerant tube, and exchanges heat with outside air to be condensed. A shock absorbing section(19) is formed on a section over a half of the first pitch section of the refrigerant tube to reduce vibration transmitted from the compressor.
Patent KR-20020024098-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE WON SUK
IPC: A01M7/00
Filed: 2002-01-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A power driven sprayer capable of adjusting a height and a width of an injection nozzle is provided to rapidly and safely perform an injection work even in a narrow space regardless of a height and a width of crops. CONSTITUTION: The power driven sprayer has a base body(2) containing a driving device(11) and a medicinal fluid storage tank(9) and a handle(P) is formed on the rear end of the body. A sprayer support(10) composed of a first, a second, and a third sections(12,13,14) is fixed on top surface of the body by using a bracket(3). The second section is provided with an assembly of a rack(15) and a pinion(16) for adjusting the height thereof, and the third body contains a shover(20) fixed to a shaft(17) on the top end and having a rod(22) fixed to the second body by using a hinge shaft(18). A horizontal rod(33) is coupled with an injection nozzle support(40) having plural injection nozzles(36) so that the injection nozzle support is rotatable into all directions and the angle thereof is able to be freely adjusted.
Patent KR-20020069149-A (KR)
Inventor: FUJII NARIAKI
IPC: C08J5/18
Filed: 2002-02-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for producing biaxially stretched film made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is provided in which the dry heat shrinkage and the bowing of the EVOH biaxially stretched film can be suppressed at the same time when an EVOH having a specific composition is used and specific production conditions are selected. CONSTITUTION: The method for producing a biaxially stretched film comprises stretching a film made mainly of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene content of 15 to 70 mol % and a saponification degree of 80 mol % or more under heating, cooling the film, and subjecting the cooled film to a heat treatment, wherein a heating temperature during the stretching is 60 to 160 deg.C, a cooling temperature is a temperature 30 to 100 deg.C lower than the heating temperature during the stretching, and a temperature for the heat treatment is 150 to 190 deg.C, wherein the stretching is simultaneous biaxial stretching, wherein preheating is performed at 60 to 160 deg.C before the stretching, wherein a stretching ratio in a longitudinal direction is 2.5 to 4.5, a stretching ratio in a transverse direction is 2.5 to 4.5, and an area stretching ratio is 7 to 15 in the biaxially stretched film, and wherein a bowing coefficient of the biaxially stretched film is 15% or less. The ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer biaxially stretched film is produced by the method for producing a biaxially stretched film, wherein the film has a dry heat shrinkage coefficient in a longitudinal direction of 4.0% or less. The laminate comprises a layer made of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer biaxially stretched film and a layer made of another thermoplastic resin, wherein the thermoplastic resin is a polyolefin.
Patent KR-20020070108-A (KR)
Inventor: MASUMURA TETSUYA
IPC: H01J29/07
Filed: 2002-02-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a color cathode-ray tube which is capable of preventing curved surface errors of a shadow mask and improving display characteristics and impact resistance. CONSTITUTION: In this color picture tube, a shadow mask is shaped in dome-like with a gentle slope by means of pressing formation, and consists of a nearly rectangular mask effective portion 20 with through holes 17 for electron beams and a skirt portions 18 extended from the periphery of the mask effective portion. Here the skirt portion has a plurality of opening portions 22 disposed in a direction parallel to the periphery 21 of the mask useful portion with spaced relation to each other, and belt-like portions 24 extended along an extended edge formed with each of opening portions and extended edge 19 of the skirt portion, and also each of the opening portions is formed as its width becomes wider from the periphery of the mask effective portion to the extended edge of the skirt portion.
Patent KR-20020025936-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JOON MO
IPC: E21B10/28
Filed: 2002-03-04
Abstract: PURPOSE: A directional control core boring method is provided to bore a tunnel by using a boring hole and a magnified hole. CONSTITUTION: The directional control core boring method comprises the steps of: surveying a boring hole by using a surveying instrument and comparing with the preplanned location and direction; inputting a boring core direction indicator using gravity force into the boring hole and marking to the boring core, wherein the surveying instrument is installed in the direction indicator; setting correct direction and angle to a directional control core barrel in advance, then drilling to correct an error of the boring hole to boring exactly and to obtain information about the ground exactly.
Patent KR-20030078380-A (KR)
Title: The system control purification re-use Sewage
Inventor: SON KI TAE
IPC: C02F1/28
Filed: 2002-03-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is a sewage reclamation system for reusing grey water drained from kitchen sink, bath tub or laundry room, thereby reducing water consumption. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises a water tank(1) for collecting sewage drained from kitchen sinks, bath tubs and laundry rooms, a sedimentation tank(3) for settling solids in the wastewater which passes a screen sieve(2), a purification tank(8) having porphyry(4) 25%, jade(5) 25%, char(6) 25% and waste tire(7) 25% for purifying the sewage therein, and a stabilization tank(9) for removing remained contaminants by adsorption, the outflow of the stabilization tank(9) is used as toilet sink water.
Patent KR-20030078433-A (KR)
Title: storage tank of a water purifier
Inventor: KIM GYEONG GI
IPC: B01D35/00
Filed: 2002-03-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is a storage tank being detachable from a casing of a water purifier so as to be easily cleaned. CONSTITUTION: The storage tank for a water purifier having a casing(20), a storage tank(30) in one side of the casing(20) and a filtration unit(24,26) in the other side of the casing(20), the storage tank(30) comprises a tank(34) being detachable from the casing(30) and a cover(32) connected to the filtration unit(24,26) by a pipe, wherein the tank(34) has a valve(36) at the bottom thereof and the casing(20) has an opening and closing device(28a) for controlling the valve(36).
Patent KR-20020031145-A (KR)
Inventor: KONG BYEONG SEOK
IPC: G02C5/22
Filed: 2002-04-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A spring hinge for spectacles is provided to assembly easily components of the spring hinge by simplifying a structure of the spring hinge. CONSTITUTION: A spring hinge is formed by combining a support body(1), a plate spring(2), an operating section(3), a fixing section(4), and a hinge screw(5). A groove(10) is formed to a longitudinal direction of the support body(1). A projection groove is formed on an upper end portion of the groove(10). A front end portion and a rear end portion of the plate spring(2) is formed with a plurality of shaft bar(2a,2b). The plate spring(2) has a curved portion(20) of zigzag shape. A plate spring insertion portion(30) is formed in a center support plate(3a) of the operating section(3). A support groove(31) is formed on a rear portion of the operating section(3). A support portion(32) is formed on a front portion of the operating section(3).
Patent KR-20030080419-A (KR)
Title: Method for finding motion vector
Inventor: LEE JUN HO
IPC: H04N7/24
Filed: 2002-04-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for determining a motion vector is provided to obtain motion vector with high precision adjacent to the full search by a small computation amount in a short time, thereby properly being employed in the real image processing. CONSTITUTION: A method for determining a motion vector includes the steps of determining a motion vector by searching a position having a smallest SAD three times with respect to (0,0) among pixels(S1), determining whether determined motion vector is (0,0)(S2), and finishing the routine if so(S8). In the other case, each SAD at 9 positions is obtained by 2 pixel interval search and 1 pixel interval search with respect to (0,0)(S3). In step(S4), a minimum SAD is obtained among the SADs obtained at the 18 positions and the SADs obtained in the first step. If the minimum SAD is obtained from the first step, the routine is finished(S5,S8). Otherwise, the minimum SAD is obtained by the 1 pixel search(S6). If the minimum SAD is obtained by the 2 pixel search, SADs are further obtained from 9 adjacent positions to determine a minimum SAD and the motion vector is determined at the positions(S7).
Patent KR-20030081809-A (KR)
Title: Structure of steam vessel
Inventor: KIM CHANG HO
IPC: A47J27/05
Filed: 2002-04-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: A structure of a steamed container for improving tightness is provided to prevent the steamed container from melting by preventing the steamed container from directly contacted with the upper end of a steaming container. CONSTITUTION: A steamed container(10) is made of plastic and is semitransparent. A ring-shaped groove is formed at the bottom edge of an adhering unit(16) adhering closely to the upper end(2) of a steaming container(1) made of metal. A sealing ring(14) is made of silicon and is inserted into the groove. One part of the sealing ring protrudes from the groove so that the steamed container is directly not contacted with the upper end of the steaming container.
Patent KR-20030082319-A (KR)
Title: Debugging apparatus for processor and method thereof
Inventor: KANG TAE JUN
IPC: G06F11/28
Filed: 2002-04-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: A device and a method for debugging a processor are provided to move to a constant address of a program without using a complex software instruction after using the hardware reset on a debugging environment. CONSTITUTION: A selection flag setting part(1) sets and outputs a flag according to a sort of a reset signal generated by detecting a system reset signal and the software reset signal. An OR gate(OR1) performs an OR combination with the system reset and the software reset, and detects it. An AND gate(AND1) performs the AND combination of an output signal of the OR gate(OR1) and the selection flag setting part(1). A processor core(3) is controlled by receiving a break signal from a debug controller(2), is reset by the output signal of the OR gate(OR1), and outputs a control signal. The OR gate performs the OR combination by receiving the output signal of the AND gate(AND1) and the reset signal of the debug controller(2). A memory break controller(4) controls the operation of a memory(5) by receiving the output signal of the OR gate and the control signal of the processor core(3).
Patent KR-20030083970-A (KR)
Inventor: KO JANG YEON
IPC: A47L11/00
Filed: 2002-04-24
Abstract: PURPOSE: A cleaning robot is provided to enable a user to select a suitable suction port according to the state and condition of a cleaning surface and to improve cleaning efficiency by having suction ports of various structures. CONSTITUTION: In a cleaning robot, a suction unit(300) is rotatably installed at one side of the bottom of a robot body(10), and includes a rotary head(310) and at least two suction ports(321,322,323,324). The rotary head has a passage(311) communicated with an air suction passage. The suction ports are installed at the rotary head, and are different from each other in structure.
Patent KR-20030086665-A (KR)
Title: Overhead door system
Inventor: SHIN HYEON SEUNG
IPC: E06B9/02
Filed: 2002-05-06
Abstract: PURPOSE: An overhead door system is provided to open and close a door by hand easily when a driving motor stops, and to open and close a door with minimum force and at high speed. CONSTITUTION: The overhead door system comprises: a door panel(201) composed of many rectangular unit door members; a driving motor(202) supplying driving force for opening and closing movement by ascending and descending a door panel; a control panel(203) connected to the driving motor(202) electrically and composed of a circuit unit and a switch for driving/stopping a motor and controlling forward/backward rotation; a vertical/horizontal track(204) guiding the ascending and descending movement of the door panel(201); a guide roller(205) connecting the vertical/horizontal track with a door body and guiding the ascending and descending movement of the door panel(201); a photo sensor(206) sensing an obstacle placed when the door panel is descending, then transferring the sensed signals to the control panel(203); a cable drum(207) winding or unwinding a cable connected to the door panel(201) to make the ascending and descending movement of the door panel possible by the rotation of the motor; and a torsion spring(208) opening and closing a door easily by torsion force corresponded to the winding and unwinding degree of the cable.
Patent KR-20030088599-A (KR)
Title: Optical fiber for optical amplifier and production method of the same
Inventor: KIM DAE WON
IPC: H01S3/067
Filed: 2002-05-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: An optical fiber for an optical amplifier and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to reduce the manufacturing cost by doping a core layer with a mixed solution of rare earth and metal ions using a solution doping method. CONSTITUTION: In order to manufacture an optical fiber using MCVD(Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition), a clad layer and a second core layer are formed in a silica substrate tube(S10). A first core layer is formed on an inner surface of the second core layer(S20). The first core layer forms a partially-sintered layer that provides a host with respect to a Tm¬3+ ion and a metal ion. A mixed solution of the Tm¬3+ and metal ions is uniformly doped on the first core layer(S30). After completing the doping of the mixed solution, an optical fiber is manufactured by wire-drawing a glass rod containing the Tm¬3+ and metal ions(S40).