baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-670094-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of carboxymethylcellulose
IPC: C08B11/12
Filed: 1949-02-01
Abstract: Comminuted cellulose having particles of such size that they are capable of passing through a 40-mesh screen, and to a major extent through a 100 mesh screen, is subjected to a mechanical mixing operation and during the mixing there is added an aqueous solution of caustic alkali and an aqueous etherifying solution of monochloracetic acid or sodium monochloracetate.  Preferably the cellulose is finer than 100 mesh screen size and has a bulk density of at least 5 pounds per cubic foot.  The solutions of the reagents are preferably added in sequence but they may be added in either order.  For the mixing there may be used a rotary tumbling drum, dough mixer, or similar device.  The use of cellulose of the specified particle size enables smaller quantities of reagents to be used.  The sodium chloracetate may be found in situ or within the reaction mass by spraying dilute chloracetic acid solution on to the cellulose and caustic alkali reaction mixture, or by adding dry solid sodium carbonate to the cellulose and then spraying chloracetic solution on to the mixture, or by spraying the acid on to the cellulose and then adding sodium carbonate.  Relatively concentrated solutions of reagents may be used, e.g. caustic soda of 50 per cent strength and chloracetic acid of 50-80 per cent strength.  In an example, comminuted wood cellulose having a particle size of 40-300 mesh screen size, the major portion being finer than 100 mesh screen size, is placed in a rotary tumbling drum and a solution of monochloracetic acid is added gradually, the total corresponding to 1.07 mols. per glucose unit of the cellulose. Mixing is continued for 1 hour and then anhydrous sodium carbonate in equivalent amount to the chloracetic acid is added.  The mixing is continued for 1 1/2 hours and then a 50 per cent solution of caustic soda is sprayed on the mixture over a period of 56 minutes. Sufficient sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the excess of caustic soda is added after a further period of 94 minutes.  Mixing is continued for a further 2 hours. The carboxymethyl cellulose ether obtained has a degree of substitution of 0.72.  In another example, the comminuted cellulose is fed continuously into an elongated rotary reaction drum.  The speed of rotation and angle of inclination of the drum are such that the cellulosic material travels from one end to the other in 3-5 hours.  Caustic soda solution of 50 per cent strength is sprayed into the drum near the feed end and an 80 per cent monochloracetic acid solution is sprayed on to the mixture near the mid-point of the length of the drum.  The cellulose ether obtained is continuously discharged from the open end of the drum. The product may be used in moist condition as discharged from the drum or may be passed to a drying oven or flash dryer. p Specifications 138,116, [Class 2 (ii)], and 637,133 are referred to.
Patent GB-271538-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of substantially pure methanol
IPC: C07C29/151
Filed: 1926-01-30
Abstract: 271,538. Audibert, E. Jan. 30, 1926. Methyl alcohol is prepared by passing carbon monoxide and hydrogen at elevated temperature and pressure over a copper catalyst prepared in the following manner. A boiling solution of a pure copper salt, such as the nitrate or an organic acid salt but excluding the chloride and sulphate. is treated with alkali, the precipitate well washed and dried in vacuo, mixed with a small proportion of violet coloured copper, and then reduced at a temperature not exceeding 200‹ C. with hydrogen or carbon monoxide under ordinary pressure, using either a slow circulation of the gas or a mixture of the gas with an inert diluent such as nitrogen or methane. The copper oxide for reduction may also be prepared by calcining the nitrate or an organic salt at a low temperature. For the methyl alcohol production, pressures of 100 atmospheres and upwards may be employed, the temperature of the reaction mixture should not exceed 180‹ C. and the temperature at any point of the catalytic space should not rise above 450‹ C.
Patent GB-945060-A (GB)
Title: Thermosetting aqueous coating composition
IPC: C09D133/20
Filed: 1960-01-26
Abstract: A thermosetting composition comprises an alkaline mixture of (1) an aqueous dispersion of at least one water-insoluble copolymer containing units of (a) styrene, vinyl toluene, acrylonitrile and C1-C8 alkyl acrylates and methacrylates, and (b) acrylamide methacrylamide and formaldehyde reaction products thereof, including methylol and alkoxymethyl derivatives, (2) a tertiary amine, and (3) a water-soluble heat-convertible aminoplast condensate, e.g. methylol derivatives of urea, cyclic ethylene and propylene ureas, melamines and alkyl and aryl melamines, guanamines, aryl and alkyl guanamines and, especially, formaldehyde condensates of urea or melamine when alkylated with a C1-C4 alkanol. Specified amines are trialkylamines containing up to 12 carbon atoms, e.g. triethylamine, triethanolamine and N-methylmorpholine.  Also present in the compositions may be coalescents, e.g. isophorone, e-ethylhexanol and tributyl phosphate, pigments, e.g. titanium dioxide, iron oxide, calcium carbonate, barytes and clays, and dispersants, e.g. copolymers of maleic anhydride with diisobutylene or methyl vinyl ether or the dimethylamine salt of polyacrylic acid.  The examples describe the use of deionized emulsions of the following copolymers: (i) methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate-methacrylamide; (ii) methyl methacrylate-ethyl methacrylate-methacrylamide; (iii) ethyl acrylate-styrene-methacrylamide; and (iv) ethyl acrylate-styrene-methyl methacrylate-methacrylamide.ALSO:Surfaces of iron, steel, aluminium, copper, bronze, brass, ceramic and wood are coated by applying thereto e.g. by spray or by film applicator compositions comprising an alkaline mixture of (1) an aqueous dispersion of at least one water-insoluble copolymer containing units of (a) styrene, vinyl toluene, acrylonitrile and C1-C8 alkyl acrylates and methacrylates, and (b) acrylamide, methacrylamide and formaldehyde reaction products thereof, including methylol and alkoxymethyl derivatives, (2) a tertiary amine and (3) a water-insoluble heat-convertible aminoplast condensate, followed by heating, e.g. to 250-350  DEG F., in order to cure the coating. The composition may contain a pigment, e.g. iron oxide, titanium dioxide calcium carbonate barytes and talc, and a pigment dispersant, e.g. copolymers of diisobutylene or methyl vinyl ether with maleic anhydride, or the dimethylamine salt of polyacrylic acid.  The examples describe the application of pigmented and unpigmented coatings on primed and unprimed steel panels.
Patent GB-1119464-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to technical educational devices
IPC: B42D1/08
Filed: 1967-01-19
Abstract: 1,119,464. Educational appliances. N. V. PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN. 19 Jan., 1967 [22 Jan., 1966], No. 2823/67. Heading G5G. An educational device comprises a plurality of sheets, arranged as the pages of a loose-leaf book, of schematic drawings of a mechanical, optical or electrical system and a transparent plate which is located relative to the sheets and adapted to have mechanical, optical or electrical components fastened thereto. As illustrated the transparent plate 9 is pivotably attached to the cover 3 of the book, and has glued thereto rectangular conductive frames 19 each having tags inserted into holes 23 which are adapted to receive plugs (not shown) provided with leads for the connection of electrical apparatus. An adjacent pair of holes may receive spaced plug pins of a component 25 having an insulating plate 27. Each sheet is provided with a diagram 17 of the circuit to be constructed and the rear of the preceding sheet contains a text associated with the circuit shown. The clips 7 are preferably releasable.
Patent GB-136025-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Vacuum Pumps.
Inventor: ALLAN ALEXANDER BUCHANAN
IPC: F01L33/04
Filed: 1919-02-05
Abstract: 136,025. Allan, A. B. Feb. 5, 1919. Valves, arrangement of; regulating compression. - To reduce clearance and to evacuate the contents of the clearance, the Corliss valves 4, with which the vacuum pump is fitted, are placed close up to the cylinder heads 2 so as to reduce the length of the ports 5. In addition, the two ends of the cylinder are connected by the equalizing passage 12 which, when the piston 3 arrives at the end of its stroke, is opened so as to pass the contents of the clearancespace to the vacuum on the other face of the piston. While this transference is taking place, the Corliss valve has closed the port 5 which by the overlap in the valve-wall, is not opened until the equalizing passage is closed. A valve 15 or its equivalent, oscillated by the lever 16, opens or closes the passage 12. By means of a spring, the plug-valve 15 is kept at tight working fit on its seat. The eccentric which actuates the valve rod 10 is disposed on the crank-shaft approximately at right-angles to the crank so that the operation of the valves takes place while the piston is moving at its lowest speed. The two compartments of each Corliss valve are for suction and discharge respectively.
Patent GB-840536-A (GB)
Title: Rail lubricating apparatus for a wheeled carriage travelling on rails
IPC: B61K3/02
Filed: 1958-01-28
Abstract: 840,536. Lubricating. SVENSKA TECALEMIT A.B. Jan. 28, 1958 [Feb. 4, 1957], No. 2861/58. Class 12 (3). A rail lubricator comprises a pair of pivoted members 17, 18 arranged adjacent a wheel 12 and having their lower ends lying close to the sides of the rail 13 so that when contacted by the rail, the member 17 or 18 pivots about an axis 19 or 20 and causes lubricant to be supplied through passages 27, 25, 23 to lubricate the side of the rail 13. The upper end of each pivoted member 17, 18 is formed as a cylinder 32 in which a plunger 31 is disposed, the plunger being connected by a strap 30 to a fixed arm 29. Lubricant is supplied to each cylinder 32 from a container, having a spring loaded or manually operable piston, through a flexible tube 35 and is forced into the passages 27, 25, 23 by the plunger 31 when the member 17 or 18 is caused to pivot. A spring 33 effects the return of the pivoted member. A non-return valve 28 is dis. posed between passages 25, 27. The bottom contact portion of each pivoted member carries a ball bearing ring 22.
Patent GB-176976-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved mechanical toy
IPC: A63B67/10
Filed: 1921-01-24
Abstract: 176,976. Lowther, W. Collis-, and Curtis, F. Jan. 24, 1921. Cup-and-ball and like toys.-A toy comprises a lever having an object freely attached to its outer end, means for swinging the lever about its pivot, and a device for catching and retain. ing the object when the lever is operated with the required force. In the form shown in Fig. 1.an object E representing a cock is freely attached to one end of a U-shaped lever D hinged to a baseboard A, the other arm G of the lever D normally resting on one end of a striking-lever H. When the othar end of the lever H is sharply depressed, the lever D swings about its pivot, the object of the user being so to swing the lever D that the cock is caught by and rests on a perch or stand K. In another modification, shown in Fig. 5, a ball L is suspended from the end of the ]ever D and a raised cup or bowl N is adapted to catch the ball if the lever H is manipulated successfully.
Patent GB-428957-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric motors
IPC: H02K19/14
Filed: 1934-01-29
Abstract: 428,957. Alternating-current motors. BRITISH THOMSON - HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London.- (Assignees of Allgemeine Elektricitõts-Ges. ; 2, Friedrich Karl-Ufer, Berlin) Jan. 29, 1934, No. 2982. Convention date, Jan. 27, 1933. [Class 35] Motors with unwound iron armatures.-A singlephase synchronous motor has on the stator auxiliary polepieces further from the main polepieces of similar polarity than from the main polepieces of opposite polarity, and this shorter spacing is equal or proportional to the rotor pole pitch. In the form shown, the plate 8 carries main poles 81 and shaded poles 82 which are interleaved with corresponding poles 71, 72 respectively on the edge of the cylinder 7 containing the winding 5 and core 9. The torque may be increased by the provision of additional poles 73, 83 on the two stator members. The plate 8 may be replaced by a second " potshaped " member, the polepiece arrangement being the same. The rotor comprises a Ferraris disc 10 with a toothed ring 11 of magnetic material and may have a yoke ring 12. Some rotor teeth may be omitted, the pitch being kept the same. In a modified form having radially extending rotor poles, the winding is located between two of the stator poles and the rotor may have a squirrel cage winding. The polarity of the rotor teeth does not change. Specification 428,958 is referred to.
Patent GB-562996-A (GB)
Title: An improved liquid control valve
IPC: F16L29/02
Filed: 1943-02-24
Abstract: 562,996. Tapping casks. GEE, J, W. Feb. 24, 1943, No. 3017. [Class 21] [Also in Group XXIX] A coupling-actuated valve device particularly adapted for use in con. nection with beer barrels and other liquid con. tainers comprises a hous. ing a adapted to be secured in the container. a sleeve b screwed into the housing and provided with a seat b4 and an annular passage b<3> for a ported valve bush c slidably mounted in the sleeve. The valve is normally held in its closed, position by a spring d bearing against a flanged plug e screwed into the sleeve. The valve is opened when a discharge pipe is secured to the sleeve by means of a coupling nut screwed on to a thread b on a reduced part of the sleeve. A hemispherical strainer f is secured to the plug e.
Patent GB-996184-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in heating blast furnace blast
IPC: C21B9/12
Filed: 1962-01-26
Abstract: A method of heating the blast for a blast furnace comprises adding a fuel selected from the group consisting of blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, denatured gas, heavy oil, light oil, and creosote oil, to the cold blast between a blower and a hot blast stove and burning the fuel at this position.  The amount of heat to be added by the stoves is thereby reduced and the time of stoves on "blast" is increased.
Patent GB-1451877-A (GB)
Title: Halogen incandescent lamp
IPC: H01K1/18
Filed: 1974-01-23
Abstract: 1451877 Electric incandescent lamps PATENT-TREUHAND GES FUR ELEKTRISCHE GLUHLAMPEN mbH 23 Jan 1974 [7 Feb 1973] 3188/74 Heading H1F A halogen lamp comprises a tubular envelope 1 closed at each end by a pinch seal 2 and containing a zig-zag filament 3 extending generally in the longitudinal direction of the envelope, the filament being supported by a plurality of wires 4 non- rotatably mounted on a support tube 5 fixed in the envelope. The tube 5 is carried by a molybdenum wire 6, the ends of which are initially bent to U- shape and welded to the lead-in foils 7 to form a mount assembly which is subsequently pinchsealed into the envelope. One or both of the U- shaped ends can then be severed according to whether the lamp is to be single or double ended. Alternatively the tube 5 may extend through one of the pinch seals and serve as an exhaust tube. The tube may be of square or triangular cross-section at the points where the wires 4 are attached, and gettering substances such as phosphorus or zirconium may be disposed on the tube in the form of discs, foils or a tangle of wire. The lamp may be mounted in an outer envelope.
Patent GB-736357-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to piezo-electric pick-ups
IPC: H04R1/16
Filed: 1953-02-04
Abstract: 736,357. Gramophone pick-ups. VRIES, M. DE. Feb. 4, 1953 [May 26, 1952], No. 3190/53. Class 40 (4). [Also in Group XL (b)] A vibration-transmitting element, e.g. a gramophone stylus, is connected to a vibrationreceiving member, e.g. a piezo-electric crystal, by a member made of a plastic elastic material. Such materials are said to behave at low frequencies like a viscous mass to damp the vibrations, but at high frequencies to behave like a harder material and provide a closer coupling. The coupling member may be made of polyvinyl chloride or natural, synthetic or silicone rubber. The invention is particularly useful in the case of a piezo-electric pick-up for playing records in which the recorded amplitude is inversely proportional to the frequency. The exploded view of the pick-up shows a piezo-electric crystal 1 arranged between mounting blocks 2, 2a and embraced at its other end by a polyvinyl chloride coupling member 3. Two needle holders 5, 5a carrying sapphire points 4, 4a for microgroove and ordinary records respectively are fastened to the mounting blocks 2, 2a by screws 6, 6a and have, at their other ends, lugs 7 for transmitting the needle vibrations to the coupling member 3. The needle holder contains a vertical portion 8 to provide lateral flexibility.
Patent GB-607374-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to de-icing equipment for aircraft
IPC: B64D15/02
Filed: 1946-01-31
Abstract: 607,374. Aircraft de-icing systems. SOC. ANON. BELGE DE CONSTRUCTIONS AERONAUTIQUES, S.A.B.C.A., and CORNELIUS, H. Jan. 31, 1946, No. 3199. [Class 4] [Also in Group XIII] An aircraft de-icing system includes an exhaust-heated boiler comprising a plurality of pairs of horseshoe-shaped tubes 2, one end of each of which is closed and projects substantially radially into the exhaust pipe or silencer 1, the other end of each tube being connected to a common collector conduit 3 from which individual distribution pipe-lines 4, 41, 4<SP>11</SP> ... lead. The condensate may be returned to the boiler by gravity or a pump.
Patent GB-251366-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to compressors for circulating a volatile cooling medium in refrigerating plant
IPC: F25B31/00
Filed: 1925-02-04
Abstract: 251,366. Birk, A. E. A., and Gundel, V. J. Feb. 4, 1925. Single-acting suction-valveless piston pumps.- A compressor adapted to deal with wet refrigerant from the evaporator of a refrigerating plant is provided with a chamber, preferably constituted by a jacket 29 around the cylinder, wherefrom gas passes to the compressor cylinder proper, while liquid separated out in the chamber is pumped separately to the delivery side. Preferably a hollow stepped piston 31 is used, the space 32 above the larger part of the piston forming the gas compressor and the annular space 33 below forming the liquid pump. The mixed gas and liquid enters the jacket 29 through pipes 20, 28, and gas passes through ports 29a in the cylinder and ports 30 in the piston wall to the interior of the piston, and thence to the space 32. When the larger part of the piston uncovers the lower parts of the cylinder ports 29<a>, liquid flows into the annular cylinder and is pumped through a bye-pass 34 to the gas delivery pipe 16. The compressor may be driven from a vehicle axle by belt and pulley, a clutch 14 operated by lever 15 being mounted on the shaft 13.
Patent GB-159753-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to mould for making heels, lifts, soles or articles from rubber or other material
IPC: B29D35/12
Filed: 1920-02-03
Abstract: 159,753. Ridout, H. C. Feb. 3, 1920. Moulds; moudding india-rubber and boots and shoes. - In divided moulds for resilient heels, soles, &c., or other articles, the matrices are stamped, pressed, &c. from sheet or other metal or material and mounted or formed in container plates to provide a single mould or a multiple or gang form of mould; the matrices are also so shaped as to produce a resilient heel or sole. The top and bottom matrices a, a<1> are stamped &c. by master dies and mounted in container plates M, N respectively, and are formed with the ccnfigurations shown. In these configurations, b is convex, the faces of the tiers c are parallel with the marginal edges of the matrix, and the projections d<1> are formed on a central concavity while on the lower matrix the outline is waved as shown. The upper matrix is provided with a marginal trimmer and spue grooves f. Registering apertures and pins l are provided while the lower matrix is provided with pegs which form apertures in the finished product to accommodate screws. Fig. 11 shows a number of matrices stamped &c. out of a sheet, bosses n being provided to take and limit the pressure when the members of the mould are pressed together.
Patent GB-1447412-A (GB)
Title: Pin and socket joints
IPC: F16J15/52
Filed: 1974-01-24
Abstract: 1447412 Boot seals AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS Ltd 17 Dec 1974 [24 Jan 1974] 03295/74 Heading F2B [Also in Division E2] A protective boot 14 for a ball-and-socket joint 10 (Division E1-E2) is held in place by a clamping band 18 fitted into an external groove 17 in the boot, the band 18 comprising a split ring of corrugated spring wire 19 having overlapping flat end portions 20, 21.
Patent GB-270391-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for folding paper or the like
IPC: B65H45/18
Filed: 1926-02-05
Abstract: 270,391. Cook, T. Feb. 5, 1926. Associating-apparatus; dropping-roller and like sheet feeds; sheet-registering devices; sheet guides and smoothers.-In a machine for folding paper having folding- rollers 5 and a reciprocating blade 6, means are provided for insetting a supplemental sheet into the main folded sheet, comprising rotating feed rollers 10, 12 for the supplemental sheet having a surface speed greater than that of the blade 6 so as to project the sheet into the main sheet as it is being folded. The main sheet rests on a table 4 and the supplemental sheet is fed down an inclined table 7 against front stops 8 mounted on a shaft 9. As the knife 6 commences its downward stroke, the roller 12, which is mounted on a pivoted arm 11, is pressed against the driven roller 10, and the stops 8 are moved away from the table 7 by lever mechanism 13 - - 16, so as to project the supplemental sheet into the fold of the main sheet. The lever 16 is slotted to engage a pin 17 attached to an arm on the shaft 9 of the stops 8, so as to actuate the stops. A plate 20 carried by the shaft of the arms 11, 16 moves into position to guide the supplemental sheet into the fold of the main sheet as the stops 8 move to inoperative position.
Patent GB-312953-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to radiators and the like
IPC: F24H3/00
Filed: 1928-02-02
Abstract: 312,953. Besson, J. V. H. Feb. 2, 1928. Electric radiators.-A radiator comprises relatively thin elements 1a connecting upper and lower tubes 11, 12 and containing a series of partitions 2 arranged in echelon to form water-circulating passages 3, 4. The water may be heated by electric resistances 5 carried by a screw cap 17 and located in the lower tube 12. A spherical expansion chamber or condenser 13 is provided the lower half of which serves as a filling funnel when the upper half is removed; a tube 14 may be provided for filling under pressure, or to carry an alarm whistle. In a modification a radial arrangement of elements is adopted, or the partitions 2 may be in the form of vertical tubes.