Patent GB-895008-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing expandable moulding powders and putties
IPC: C08J9/00
Filed: 1959-09-29
Abstract: A composition which is stable in storage at room temperature and can be cured by heat alone into a polyurethane foam is made by (a) preparing a polyester comprising the reaction product of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhdyric alcohol, the polyester having a viscosity of at least 9 Gardner seconds at 120 DEG  C., (b) heating the polyester to 50 DEG -170 DEG  C., (c) mixing the polyester, a polyisocyanate and a foaming agent at 50 DEG -130 DEG C., and (d) cooling the resulting mixture.  Specified polycarboxylic compounds are oxalic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, sebacic, isosebacic, pimelic, azelaic, suberic, tricarballylic, dimethyl-succinic, citric, maleic, fumaric, aconitic, citraconic, mesaconic, pyrocinchoninic, ethyl maleic, itaconic, phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic, tetrachlorophthalic, and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acids.  Specified polyhydric alcohols are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene (1, 2 and 1, 3) glycol, butylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, and pentaerythritol.  The polyester may alternatively be formed from a halogen-containing adduct by (i) condensing such adduct with a dicarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol containing at least three functional groups, or (ii) reacting such adduct with a polycarboxylic compound having at least three carboxyl groups. Specified hexahalocyclopentadiene carboxylic acid adducts are 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2, 2, 1)-5-heptene-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid and anhydride; 1, 4, 5, p  6-tetrachloro-7, 7-difluorobicyclo-(2, 2, 1)-5-heptene-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid; 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachloro-2-methylcyclo-(2, 2, 1)-5-heptene-2, 3-dicarboxylic anhydride; 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2, 2, 1)-5-heptene-2-acetic-2-carboxylic anhydride; and 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2, 2, 1)-5-heptene -2, 3-dicarbonyl chloride. Specified hexahalocyclopentadiene polyhydric alcohol adducts are 2, 3-dimethylol-1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachloro-bicyclo-(2, 2, 1)-5-heptene, and 3-(1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2, 2, 1)-5-heptene-2-yl) methoxy-1, 2-propanediol.  Specified poly-isocyanates are 2, 4- and 2, 6-tolylene diisocyanate; methylene-bis-(4-phenyl isocyanate); 3, 31-bitolylene-4, 41-diisocyanate; 3, 31-dimethoxy-4, 41-biphenylene diisocyanate; and naphthalene-1, 5-diisocyanate.  The foaming agent is a material which liberates gas when reacted with an isocyanate, and may be t-butyl alcohol; t-amyl alcohol; polymethyl phenol; polymethylol urea; 1-phenyl-1, 2-ethanediol; acetaldol; 1, 1-dimethyl-2-phenylethyl alcohol; 1-benzyl-1-cyclohexanol; 2-methyl-2, 4-pentanediol; 1, 4-butanediol; 1, 4-butenediol; 2, 2-diethyl-1, 3-propanediol; formic acid; mono- and polycarboxylic acids and anhydrides; tetrahydroxymethyl-phosphonium chloride; or water.  Foaming agents of the alcoholic type are preferably used in conjunction with a catalyst, e.g. sulphuric, phosphoric, nitric, hydrochloric, p-toluene sulphonic, or chloro-sulphonic acid or aluminium chloride.  In the examples: (a) an alkyd resin made from 2 moles of adipic acid, 7,6 moles of glycerol and 4 moles of 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2, 2, 1)-5-heptene-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid, was mixed with methyl pentachlorostearate and epoxidized soy bean oil, before mixing with diisocyanate and foaming agent; and (b) 0,5 moles of an adduct of hexachlorocyclopentadiene and a -allyl glyceryl ether was reacted with 1 mole of pentaerythritol and 1 mole of phthalic anhydride, and the resulting resin plasticized with tricresyl phosphate before mixing with diisocyanate and foaming agent.ALSO:A composition which is stable in storage at room temperature and can be cured by heat alone into a polyurethane foam is made by (a) preparing a polyester comprising the reaction product of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhydric alcohol, the polyester having a viscosity of at least 9 Gardner seconds at 120 DEG C., (b) heating the polyester to 50 DEG -170 DEG C., (c) mixing the polyester, a polyisocyanate and a foaming agent at 50 DEG -130 DEG C., and (d) cooling the resulting mixture.  Specified polycarboxylic compounds are oxalic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, sebacic, isosebacic, pimelic, azelaic, suberic, tricarballylic, dimethylsuccinic, citric, maleic, fumaric, aconitic, citraconic, mesaconic, pyrocinchoninic, ethyl maleic, itaconic, phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic, tetrachlorophthalic, and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acids.  Specified polyhydric alcohols are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene (1, 2 and 1, 3) glycol, butylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, and pentaerythritol.  The polyester may alternatively be formed from a halogen-containing adduct by (i) condensing such adduct with a dicarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol containing at least three functional groups, or (ii) reacting such adduct with a polycarboxylic compound having at least three carboxyl groups. Specified hexahalocyclopentadiene carboxylic acid adducts are 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2.2.1)-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid and anhydride; 1, 4, 5, 6-tetrachloro-7, 7-difluorobicyclo-(2.2.1)-5-hep-tene-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid; 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachloro-2-methylbicyclo-(2.2.1)-5-heptene-2, 3-dicarboxylic anhydride; 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2.2.1)-5-heptene-2-acetic-2-carboxylic anhydride; and 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, p 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2.2.1)-5-heptene-2, 3-dicarbonyl chloride. Specified hexahalocyclopentadiene polyhydric alcohol adducts are 2, 3-dimethylol-1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2.2.1)-5-heptene, and 3-(1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2.2.1)-5-heptene-2-yl) methoxy-1, 2-propanediol.  Specified polyisocyanates are 2, 4-and 2, 6-tolylene diisocyanate; methylene-bis-(4-phenyl isocyanate); 3, 31-bitolylene-4, 41-diisocyanate; 3, 31-dimethoxy-4, 41-biphenylene diisocyanate; and naphthalene-1, 5-diisocyanate.  The foaming agent is a material which liberates gas when reacted with an isocyanate, and may be t-butyl alcohol; t-amyl alcohol; polymethyl phenol; polymethylol urea; 1-phenyl-1, 2-ethanediol; acetaldol; 1, 1-dimethyl-2-phenylethyl alcohol; 1-benzyl-1-cyclohexanol; 2-methyl-2, 4-pentanediol; 1, 4-butanediol; 1, 4-butenediol; 2, 2-diethyl-1, 3-propanediol; formic acid; mono- and polycarboxylic acids and anhydrides; tetrahydroxy-methyl-phosphonium chloride; or water.  Foaming agents of the alcoholic type are preferably used in conjunction with a catalyst, e.g. sulphuric, phosphoric, nitric, hydrochloric, p-toluene sulphonic, or chloro-sulphonic acid or aluminium chloride.  In the examples: (a) an alkyd resin made from 2 moles of adipic acid, 7,6 moles of glycerol and 4 moles of 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachlorobicyclo-(2.2.1)-5-heptene-2, 3-dicarboxylic acid, was mixed with methyl pentachlorostearate and epoxidised soy bean oil, before mixing with diisocyanate and foaming agent; and (b) 0,5 moles of an adduct of hexachlorocyclopentadiene and a -allyl glyceryl ether was reacted with 1 mole of pentaerythritol and 1 mole of phthalic anhydride, and the resulting resin plasticized with tricresyl phosphate before mixing with diisocyanate and foaming agent.