baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-957003-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of vinylene carbonate
IPC: B01J27/06
Filed: 1962-03-27
Abstract: Vinylene carbonate is made in a continuous process by passing vapours of monochloroethylene carbonate over a catalyst comprising a metal of Group 1B, 2B or 8 or at least one oxide and/or chloride thereof supported on a carrier material, inert during the reaction; preferably of a particle size of 4-8 mm., suitably at temperatures of 270 DEG  to 450 DEG C. though preferably at 300-400 DEG C.  There may be used 0.2-0.5 moles of the catalytic material per litre of inert support. The preferred catalysts are chlorides of iron, cadmium, cobalt and copper. In an example monochloroethylene carbonate, diluted with nitrogen, is passed over a catalyst consisting of pumice granules which have been impregnated with cadmium chloride monohydrate and dried, in a stainless steel tube at temperatures between 300 DEG  and 395 DEG C.  Chloracetaldehyde is also formed in the reaction.ALSO:A catalyst for the dehydrochlorination of monochloroethylene carbonate comprises at least one metal of Sub-Group Ib or IIb or of Group VIII of the Mendel<\>aeeff Periodic System of elements or at least one chloride and/or oxide thereof and a carrier inert under the reaction conditions.  Preferred catalysts contain one or more of the chlorides of iron, cobalt, copper, and cadmium. Suitable carrier materials are, for example, granulated pumice, Stuttgart composition or coke preferably in a grain size of 4-8 mm. 0,2-0,5 mole of the metals or salts may be applied per litre of the carrier.  In an example, a catalyst is prepared by drying pumice of grain size 4-5 mm. after impregnation with a solution of cadmium chloride monohydrate.
Patent GB-942435-A (GB)
Title: Process for the hydrogenation of organic compounds
IPC: C07C5/02
Filed: 1962-03-27
Abstract: Organic compounds are hydrogenated by contacting them with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a cobalt complex of the formula HnCo(CO)z(ER3)x(R2ER1ER2)y in which x, y and z represent integers satisfying the equation x+2y+2=4, while x and z have values from 0 to 3 and y from 0 to 2; n is O or 1; E is a phosphorus or arsenic atom; R1 is a bivalent unsubstituted or halogen and/or alkoxy-substituted hydrocarbon group and each R represents a hydrogen atom or a univalent group corresponding to R1.  The catalyst may be a mixture of such complexes in one of which n is O and in the other is 1.  The compounds which may be hydrogenated may be, for example, unsaturated hydrocarbons which give more saturated hydrocains, saturated aldehydes and ketones which yield alcohols, unsaturated compounds such as cyanides to give saturated cyanides and unsaturated ketones which may give saturated ketones or saturated alcohols.  In general temperatures between 50 DEG C. and 300 DEG C. are used. Examples are given of the hydrogenation of (a) 3-sulfolene to 'sulfolane; (b) butyraldehyde to butanol-1; (c) acrylonitrile to ethyl cyanide; (d) acetone to isopropyl alcohol; (e) mesilyl oxide to methyl isobutyl ketone and (f) quinoline to tetrahydroquinoline. The complexes used as catalysts may be prepared, for example, by intermixing a cobalt salt with a suitable solvent in the presence of a trivalent phosphorus or arsenic compound and carbon monoxide, and hydrogenating the solution. Preferably the catalyst is prepared by reacting dicobalt octacarbonyl with an appropriate phosphine or arsine.ALSO:Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrogenated by contacting them with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a cobalt complex of formula <FORM:0942435/C3/1> , in which x, y and z satisfy the equation x+2y+z=4, x and z having values from 0 to 3 and y from 0 to 2; n is 0 or 1; E is a phosphorus or arsenic atom; R1 is a bivalent unsubstituted or halogen and/or alkoxy-substituted hydrocarbon group and each R represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent group corresponding to R1.  These catalysts are used in the hydrogenation of ethylene or acetylenic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, terpenes and fused ring polycyclic olefins.  In the examples: (a) a -methyl styrene is reduced to cumene; (b) cyclohexene to cyclohexane; (c) piperylene and cyclopentadiene to pentene and cyclopentene; (d) pentene-1 to pentane; and (e) anthracene to dihydroanthracene.
Patent GB-129801-A (GB)
Title: An Improved Method of Making Typographical Matrices.
IPC: B41B5/12
Filed: 1918-07-17
Abstract: 129,801. Lanston Monotype Corporation, (Lanston Monotype Machine Co.). July 17,1918. Single-type composing and casting machines; matrices; moulds. - Relates to matrices for use in machines for casting printing-forme elements having elongated printing faces such as rules. The invention has particular reference to machines of the kind described in Specifications 7202/15 and 113,262 for casting strip material. A matrix blank 45, Fig. 5, formed, say, by stamping, is divided on a line X which gives the desired width of printing-surface forming part 44b, and a side member 21a, Fig. 6, is riveted thereto to form the side wall of the matrix cavity. By employing such a matrix, a rule for printing thick and thin lines, shown in Fig. 7, may be cast. The wall may be at rightangles to the printing-surface 44b, in which case the rule produced would have a straight side continued up to the printing-surface. Both walls may be formed in the above manner. Fig. 2 shows the matrix in position in the mould structure of the above-mentioned machine.
Patent GB-805835-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to mechanical multi-colour writing instruments
Inventor: MORLOCK KURT
IPC: B43K24/16
Filed: 1955-04-22
Abstract: 805,835. Writing instruments. MORLOCK, H., MORLOCK, H., and MORLOCK, K., [trading as MORLOCK, H., [Firm of]]. April 22, 1955, No. 11723/55. Class 146(3) A multi-colour writing instrument comprises a casing 2 housing a plurality of pen or pencil units 8 which can be projected forwards against spring pres- :sure into writing position, a feed casing 3 slidably mounted on the rear end of the casing 2, and a ball 5 arranged for free movement within the jacket 2, so that, when the instrument is rotated into a selected position whilst inclined. the ball moves by gravity to lie in axial alignment with the shank of the pen or pencil unit required to be moved forward for writing. As shown, ball-point pen units 8 are individually slidable in the casing 2 from the retracted position, shown, into writing position by depression of the casing 3. The unit 8 to be projected is selected by suitably inclining the casing 2, such that the ball 5 rolls along a channel 9 under gravity, to a position at the rear of the unit to be projected. Thus, on depression of the sleeve 3, against a spring 27, the selected unit 8 is projected, against a return spring 13, by engagement of the ball 5 with a shank 7 on the unit 8. The shank 7 has a bent end 20 which is guided along a slot 21 in a sleeve 22 which slidably receives the front of a support 4; the bent end 20 also engages a slot 34 in a sleeve 33 rotatable on the sleeve 22. The slot 34, Fig. 7, has enlarged portions 36, 37 at either end, such that advance of the end 20 rotates the sleeve 33 through engagement with the slanting front edge of the portion 37, thus unlocking the end 20 of a previously projected unit 8 from engagement with the rear edge of the portion 36. Engagement of the shank end 20 of the unit 8 being projected with the forward slanting edge 35 of the slot portion 36 effects rotation of the sleeve 33 into position for retaining the projected unit 8 in writing positions. In a modification, Fig. 5 (not shown), four units are provided. In this case, the shape of a support housing the ball is square with rounded corners, the units being positioned beneath these corners. In a further modification, Fig. 9 (not shown), the casing 2 has a detachable tapered front portion permitting the exchange of pencil units through the front end of the instrument.
Patent GB-892478-A (GB)
Title: Separators for liquid suspensions
IPC: D21D5/04
Filed: 1959-04-07
Abstract: 892,478. Filters; wet screening. CORN PRODUCTS CO. April 7, 1959 [April 11, 1958], No. 11754/59. Class 46. A slurry, e.g. of starch and fibres, is introduced at 1, Fig. 2, preferably past stationary guide blades 2 to 4, to an adjustable slot 5, Fig. 1, formed by the base of a casing 9 and by the underside of a valve member 7, the valve member being mounted on a rockable shaft 8 to which is secured a counterweight 12 urging the valve member counter-clockwise. The slot is aligned with the surface of a perforate screen 6 which may be curved (as shown) or flat.
Patent GB-594487-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the condensation of zinc vapours
IPC: C22B19/18
Filed: 1945-05-10
Abstract: 5 9 4 , 4 8 7.  Distilling metals ; zinc. COMPAGNIE DES METAUX D'OVERPELTLOMMEL ET DE CORPHALIE, SOC. ANON. May 10, 1945, No. 11767. Convention date, June 13, 1944. [Class 82 (i)] An improved concondenser for the condensation of zinc vapours mixed with carbon monoxide obtained from multiple retorts A open at one end, of a zinc oven working in a non- continous manner and having a common condensation chamber V for all or several of the retorts, is characterised in that the rear wall of the said condensation chamber is formed by the front wall, made of refractory material, of the zinc oven itself into which the mouths of the retorts are held by claying, while the front wall of the condensation chamber is made of metal and is allowed to radiate its heat freely into the surrounding atmosphere and is made of removable parts. This front wall may be made in small sections S, each of which may be opened separately. A cooling medium, such as water, may be circulated through metal boxes which divide the condenser into compartments and which are placed between each vertical row of retorts. Thus the temperature of the chamber, in which the zinc is condensed, may be controlled.
Patent GB-1308732-A (GB)
Title: Alcoholic concentration indicator
IPC: G06G1/00
Filed: 1971-04-28
Abstract: 1308732 Timepieces combined with other articles H Z LUND 28 April 1971 [7 May 1970 30 July 1970] 11795/71 Heading G3T [Also in Division G4] A device, which may be combined with a watch or clock, for indicating the alcohol concentration in the blood as related to the volume of alcohol consumed, the weight of the consumer and the time elapsed since consumption comprises first and second coaxial circular dials, bearing alcohol concentration and time indicia respectibely, with the first dial rotatably attached to the second dial, and limit means defining an angle through which the first dial may be incrementally rotated with respect to the second dial on the consumption of a particular volume of alcohol. The spacing of the limit means is preferably adjustable to selectively alter said angle in relation to the weight of the consumer. In the embodiment shown the first dial is formed by a bezel 104 rotatably attached to a watch face comprising the second dial. The incremental rotation of the bezel 104 is defined by the ends 108 and 111 of fixed and adjustable guards 106 and 110 respectively. The guard 110 is adjusted by means of a tab 112 which runs over a weight scale 116 marked on a surface of the watch casing. In another embodiment Figs.13 to 16 (not shown), the time dial is comprised by the face of a wall clock and the concentration dial (142) is rotatable by means of a lever (134) movable between a fixed stop (140) and an adjustable stop (160) that lies on a weight scale (156). The lever carries a pawl (147) engageable with a toothed wheel (144) fixed is the dial (142) which is held against reverse rotation by a further pawl (150).
Patent GB-785911-A (GB)
Title: Improved electrical heater elements
IPC: H05B3/48
Filed: 1956-04-18
Abstract: 785,911. Sheathed electric heating resistors. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. April 18, 1956 [May 4, 1955; June 3, 1955], No. 11824/56. Class 39(3) [Also in Group XXII] The heater comprises an outer tube 20 filled with compacted insulation, e.g. magnesium oxide, and containing two or more heating resistance wires 34 extending longitudinally and connected to terminals 22, 24 protruding through one end of the tube, and a resilient plug 26 of heat-resistant synthetic rubber is gripped by compressing the end of tube to locate the terminals, part of the plug protruding from the tube. In Fig. 9 three resistor wires 128 are connected to spaced terminal pins 122 passing through the resilient plug 134 and a second resilient plug 138 is spaced within the tube from the first plug 134 by a ceramic bushing 136, which, on compressing the end of tube, e.g. to a square shape, is crushed. A second ceramic bushing 140 bearing against the inner end of the inner resilient plug is also crushed. The part of the synthetic plug protruding from the end of the chromium steel tube 20 is formed with integral radial or diametral fins 63, 142 extending out between the terminal pins. The plug may be of silicone rubber or Buna N synthetic rubber and its exposed surface and adjacent parts of the pins may have a water repellent coating, e.g. a 2 per cent solution of linear methylpolysiloxanes applied thereto by brushing. The heater is made by supporting by a hook 48 a coiled resistance wire 34 in the tube 20 and pouring powdered magnesium oxide powder through a funnel 50 into the tube, which is vibrated by a mechanical shaker 53. The terminal pins 22 passing through the resilient plug 26 and ceramic bushing 27 are held against sliding by a cup-shaped clamp 28 carrying set screws 30. When the tube is full its top end is compressed by transverse dies to a square shape to hold the wire loop firmly. A cap placed in the open end of the tube is then sealed by turning in the end of the tube and welding it to the cap. The plugged end is then swaged to decrease its diameter from 0.5" to 0.45" or to give a 25 per cent reduction. The tube between the ends is then pressed between dies to a triangular cross-section, preferably after bending the tube to a spiral to form a hot-plate.
Patent GB-696371-A (GB)
Title: Reciprocating fuel-injection engines
Inventor: MORRIS ALBERTO JORGE
IPC: F02B23/06
Filed: 1950-05-12
Abstract: 696,371. Combustion chambers. LISTER & CO., Ltd., R. A. May 8, 1951 [May 12, 1950], No. 11881/50. Class 7 (iii). The combustion chamber formed in the piston of a fuel injection engine having an inlet passage arranged to cause the entering air to swirl comprises at least three similar part-spherical depressions, with their centres lying in a circle, which intersect with one another. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the combustion chamber is formed in a piston of diameter d by four depressions 15 of radius r the centres of which lie on a circle of diameter a, and a = 0.01 to 0.33d, r = 0.1 to 0.25d, and b = 0 to 0.1d where b is the distance between the centre of a depression and the adjacent end face of the piston. The fuel injection nozzle is preferably provided with spraying orifices equal in number to the repressions. The Provisional Specification states that the combustion chamber may be formed from at least two depressions.
Patent GB-180531-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tipping-seats for use in a confined space
IPC: A47C7/58
Filed: 1921-04-26
Abstract: 180,531. Tagg, W. G. April 26, 1921. Folding brackets for tip-up seats. Trunnions 7 are forwardly disposed on the seat 6, and are carried in channels 8 which extend backwards and upwards from the point where the trunnions are intended to pivot in the frame 5, so that the seat board tends to remain vertical under the action of gravity at the forward pivoting position and can be displaced backwards therefrom as shown by broken lines. The tipping movement of the seat is limited by stops 9 on the seat engaging quadrant guide slots 10.
Patent GB-577372-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric push-button switches
IPC: G04F1/00
Filed: 1944-06-23
Abstract: 577,372. Press-button switches. ELECTRICAL APPARATUS CO., Ltd., and WALTON, J. R. June 23, 1944, No. 11974. [Class 38 (v)] The moving contact 19 of a press-button switch is held by magnets 20 while the pressbutton 10 is being depressed and while a spring 21 arranged between the button shaft 11 and the contact 19 is being strained. Eventually the magnetic attraction is overcome and the contact 19 moves with a snap into its other position. On releasing the press-button a spring 24 returns it, the shaft 11 and the contact 19 at a rate determined by the dash pot 13. In the form shown the magnets 20 form the fixed contacts of the switch.
Patent GB-400289-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to a method of and means for transmitting signals electrically to a distance
IPC: G08C19/02
Filed: 1932-04-26
Abstract: 400,289. Electric signalling systems. MIDWORTH, C., 116, Ridgeway Road, Osteriey, Middlesex. April 26, 1932, No. 11976. [Class 40 (i).] Signals are transmitted by making an alternating current asymmetrical, the receiver measuring the degree of asymmetry of the received signals. As shown in Fig. 6, wherein the position of the contactor 4 is to be signalled, the alternating current from generator 12 passes over Wire 14 tocohtactor 4 where it divides and passes over two paths to point 7, the two paths having rectifiers 1 and 2 arranged to suppress the positive half wave in one path and the negative half in the other. As the contactor 4 divides the impedance 3 unequally, the wave form of the alternating current is made unequal as is indicated diagrammatically. The two half waves are reunited at 7 and pass to 19 as an asymmetric current. At 19 the two halves of the waves are again divided by rectifiers 15, 16 and ampere-meters 17, 18 measure the degree of asymmetry of the current. The arrangement shown in Fig. 7 is similar to that shown in Fig. 6 except that the receiving devices 17, 18 are replaced by the coils 171, 181 of a known type of indicating instrument in which the two coils act on the armature 28 carrying pointer 29. In other arrangements fully described in the Specification the variable impedance comprises resistance, inductance, capacitance or degree of coupling, the rectifiers are dry, electrolytic or thermal, the circuits are transformer-coupled, a number of receivers respond to a single transmitted value, the symmetry is restored at the receiver, the degree of control necessary giving the signal transmitted, and relay motors are employed. Means for checking the transmitted reading are also described.
Patent GB-1390133-A (GB)
Title: Briodegradable hard water detergents
IPC: C11D1/52
Filed: 1972-03-15
Abstract: 1390133 Substituted alkanoic acid derivatives MOBIL OIL CORP 15 March 1972 11996/72 Heading C2C [Also in Division C5] Compounds of formula  wherein n is 1 to 4; B 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are hydrogen of hydrocarbyl, or oxy-, amino- or hydroxylsubstituted, hydrocarbyl (1-4‹ C.), and at least one of which is an alkyl radical (at least 2C); E is a hydroxy, alkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy, polyalkylene glycol ether, aryloxy or cyano radical or R 2  and E together are a divalent oxo or imino radical, said radicals (E or R 2  with E having a formula weight 15 to 1600; and X is -OX<SP>1</SP>; OX<SP>2</SP> or  in which X<SP>1</SP> is an alkali metal or ammonium, X<SP>2</SP> is a hydrocarbyl radical (1-20C) or a hydroxy- or amino-containing organic radical up to 1700 and X<SP>3</SP> and X<SP>4</SP> are hydrogen or X<SP>2</SP> are used as detergent compositions together with conventional adjuvants. The compounds are prepared by opening the ring of a substituted, beta, gamma, delta or epsilon type lactone which may have R 1 , R 2 , R 3  or R 4  substituents attached, for example by mixing the lactone with an alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide. In a modification the soaps may be further reacted with an olefine oxide to produce the ester or ester-ether derivatives. Amides, esters, amines may also be produced in this way, examples describe the preparation of sodium gamma-hydroxydodecanoate, the ammonium, ethanolamide, diethanolamide and tetramethyl ammonium salts of gamma-hydroxytetradecanoic acid, the polyethylene glycol ester of gamma-(polyethylene glycol ether) tetradecanoic acid, the glycol ester of gamma-hydroxytetradecanoic acid, sodium 6 - hydroxydodecanoate, sodium 4- hydroxy - 2,3 - dimethyldodecanoate, sodium gamma-hydroxyoctadecanoate, sodium 4- ketodecanoate, the potassium salt of gammapoly(ethylene glycol)ether tetradecanoic acid and the dodecanoic acid. The preparation of the intermediates, gamma- and alpha-(n-octyl)- gamma-butyrolactones is also described. Detergent compositions with conventional additives are described.
Patent GB-1177498-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a Gas Cooled Nuclear Reactor.
IPC: G21C15/18
Filed: 1967-03-15
Abstract: 1,177,498. Cooling reactors. GESELLSCHAFT FUER KERNFORSCHUNG m.b.H. 15 March, 1967 [23 March, 1966], No. 12059/67. Heading G6C. In a gas-cooled nuclear reactor, the gas inlet socket 9 is closed by the non-return valve 11 if a leak develops in the supply pipe to 9. The valve 11 is mounted beneath the tubular recess 20 in the thermal shield between the core 1 and the pressure vessel 3. 1,177,499. Magnetic tape recorder. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 15 March, 1967 [14 April, 1966], No. 12060/67. Heading G5R. In a magnetic tape data-recording system, the drive to the tape reels is controlled by photoelectric circuits which determine the length of tape loop in associated vacuum-operated tape storage bins. The lines 18, 20 are illuminated from a common light source 88 and are each provided with a separate light detector arrangement, e.g. arrangement 84 comprising photo resistors 85a to 85j for bin 18. The resistors of each arrangement 84, 86 are connected to a position summing circuit 98, 96 which supplies an output via impedance matching circuit 173, 174 to a loop position sensing circuit 44, 46. In this circuit the voltage representing the loop position is compared with a voltage representing a loop end position on the mid-depth line 104 of the bins as modified by the output of photocell 106 which monitors the light intensity of lamp 88. Any output signal resulting from the comparison controls the motor drive to the associated reel to reposition the end of the loop on line 104. Photo resistors 116, 118 and 120, 122 detect respectively when the tape loops exceed their normal upward and downward excursions and provide a signal to unit 126 which makes and switches off the reel motors and also halts the capstan 26.
Patent GB-740271-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vacuum vaporisation apparatus
Inventor: JAQUES THOMAS ARTHUR JOHN
IPC: C23C14/24
Filed: 1953-05-01
Abstract: 740,271. Coating by vapour deposition. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. July 23, 1954 [May 1, 1953], No. 12065/53. Class 82 (2). In a vacuum vaporization apparatus, filamentous material to be vaporized is continuously supplied to the heating element through means repeatedly scanning the element. As shown, Al wire 1 on a spool 2 is fed through a scanning guide tube 3 on to a heating element 4. The spool 2 is supported on a carrier 5 which pivots about an axis 6, said carrier, together with the guide tube, being oscillated by a crank mechanism comprising a peg 7 fixed to a gear wheel 8 which is driven by a gear wheel 10 coupled to a driving shaft, the peg being slidable in a groove 9 in the carrier. The Al wire is driven between pulleys 13 and 14 having concave and convex rims respectively, pulley 13 being driven by wheel 8. Driving pulleys of different diameter may be provided so as to alter the driving speed of the filament in relation to. the rate of scan, and a shield may be attached to the scanning guide so that only that part of the element being scanned at any one time radiates material beyond the shield.