Patent GB-190404264-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics and in Looms for Weaving the same.
Inventor: GRAY WILLIAM CRAWFORD
Filed: 1904-02-20
Granted: 1905-02-20
Abstract: 4264. Gray, W. C., and McKenzie, W. Feb. 20. Carpets; pile fabrics; looms, pile forming and cutting in; stop-motions; starting-mechanism.- The loops of carpets and other pile fabrics are formed by raising the weft by means of pivoted wires a, Fig. 1, resting in the lay between the dents of the reed, these wires being raised to form the loops in one or more colours by pattern mechanism. The wires a, pivoted to plates a' secured within an adjustable casing a<11>, are connected by cords b to wires c furnished with discs or plates c<1> on a shaft c". The wires c are provided with pins g, adapted to be engaged by hooked portions d<111> on corresponding catches d on a shaft or rod e, the catches being vertically reciprocated. On a shaft are secured arms i<11>, one at each end, the lower ends of the arms carrying a spindle j, on which are mounted fingers j<1> corresponding to the catches d and connected by cords &c. k to a jacquard apparatus. The shaft is rocked by lever and cam mechanism j<111>, l, m, m<11>, Fig. 3, the fingers j<1> being thus given a forward movement. Lugs j<11>, on the selected fingers which have been raised by the jacquard, then come in contact with the inclined or cam surfaces d<1111> on the corresponding levers d, forcing them off the pins g so that the wires c and pile wires a required by the pattern may descend in readiness to form the pile. These wires c, a are then raised by inclines h<1>, Fig. 8, and friction bowls h<11>, on an endless chain h, arranged to travel in the same direction as the shuttle. The chain h passes round chain-wheels o, Fig. 4, on short shafts n, o', driven by gearing n<11>, p' and o<11>, q<1> from sleeves on shafts p, q driven by belt gearing in opposite directions, sliding and fixed clutch members being used to connect the sleeves and shafts as required. If the picking-shaft D is being actuated, an arm D<11> thereon strikes against a lever arm r' and rocks the shaft r, which similarly rocks the shaft t and, by lever mechanism t<1>, t<11>, t<111>, withdraws the end of the lever t<1111> from engagement with a notch on the sliding clutch member v on the shaft q. The spring v<1> then forces the sliding clutch member endwise, bringing a finger thereon into the path of the lugs on the fast clutch member v<11>, when the sleeve carrying the spur-wheel q' is rotatably secured to the driven shaft q. The chain h is then traversed across the loom in the same direction as the shuttle, raising the wires a in succession. When the picking-shaft D<1> is actuated, by similar mechanism the shaft p and sleeve carrying the pinion p' are geared together and the chain is traversed in the opposite direction. The pile is cut by the sharpened edges a' of the wires a. The chain h and ordinary shafts U, F of the loom are thus driven separately, and the loom is automatically stopped after each pick, until all the wires c, a have been raised. For this purpose, a cam w on the sleeve q, by means of lever mechanism w<1>. w<11>, reciprocates a hooked vertical rod w<111>, Fig. 9, extending under a stud on a barrel x, and thus turns the latter. An extension x<1> moves the spring-actuated lever x<11> outwards, the shoulder x<111> thereon being moved clear of a stoppiece y fast on the boss y' of the low shaft F of the loom, and at the same time the lower end of the lever x<11> releases a sliding belt y<11> on the boss y'. The bolt y<11> is then forced by a spring into the path of a lug on the driven wheel y<111> loose on the shaft F, the latter and the wheel y<111> being thus secured rotatively together and the loom started. When the loom has completed a revolution, the barrel has moved so that the lever x<11> has returned to its normal position, the shaft F and wheel y<111> are no longer secured rotatively together, and the loom is quickly stopped by a stop-piece. Two endless chains, each having one or more lugs or inclined planes thereon, or a drum with a spirallywound thread or series of projections, may be used instead of the chain h. In a modification, the wires a are connected to looped slotted connectors a<111>, Fig. 5<a>, operated direct from the jacquard. The wires c are all depressed by a transverse vertically-reciprocated rod c<g>, and are raised in succession by the springs c<e>, as the catches c<d> are successively released from the catches c<c>.