Patent GB-375770-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for producing acid-, lime- and salt resisting sulphonated oil preparations
IPC: C07C309/62
Filed: 1930-12-24
Abstract: Aliphatic aldehydes and ketones of high molecular weight after sulphonation with vigorously acting sulphonating agents, are used as emulsifying agents.  For the sulphonation, large quantities of sulphuric monohydrate may be used or organic sulphoacids, oleum, chlorsulphonic acid or sulphur trioxide with or without dehydrating agents and/or solvents or diluents.  In examples: (1) the ketone obtained by distilling the lime salt of cod liver oil is treated with oleum; (2) the ketone obtained from coco nut oil is treated with chlorsulphonic acid; (3) stearyl ketone is sulphonated in petroleum with a mixture of oleum and acetic anhydride; (4) palmitic aldehyde is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid and acetic anhydride; (5) ricinoleyl ketone is sulphonated with monohydrate in the presence of toluene and phosphorus pentoxide; (6) the product of example (4) is further treated with monohydrate and iso propyl alcohol.  The sulphonation products of stearyl ketone and ricinoleylketone are compared, as regards solubility and stability with products obtained from castor oil, stearin and stearic acid by similar processes of sulphonation.  The ketones and aldehydes employed may be prepared by distillation of the lime salts obtained from vegetable, animal, mineral or synthetic oily and fatty substances by saponification with lime.ALSO:Aliphatic aldehydes and ketones of high molecular weight are sulphonated with vigorously acting sulphonating agents, if desired in the presence of inorganic or organic dehydrating agents and/or solvents or diluents.  For the sulphonation, large quantities of sulphuric monohydrate may be used or organic sulphoacids, oleum, chlorsulphuric acid or sulphur trioxide.  The following dehydrating and condensing substances are mentioned; phosphorus trichloride and pentoxide, aluminium chloride and aliphatic, aromatic and hydroaromatic acids and their anhydrides, chlorides and amides.  The sulphonation may be effected in the presence of aliphatic, aromatic or hydroaromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, esters, ethers and halogen, nitro and amino compounds.  The sulphonation may be effected in stages.  In examples: (1) the ketone obtained by distilling the lime salt of cod liver oil is treated with oleum; (2) the ketone obtained from coco nut oil is treated with chlorsulphonic acid; (3) stearyl ketone is sulphonated in petroleum with a mixture of oleum and acetic anhydride; (4) palmitic aldehyde is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid and acetic anhydride; (5) ricinoleylketone is sulphonated with monohydrate in the presence of toluene and phosphorus pentoxide; (6) the product of example 4 is further treated with monohydrate and iso propyl alcohol.  The sulphonation products of stearyl ketone and ricinoleylketone are compared, as regards solubility and stability with products obtained from castor oil, stearin and stearic acid by similar processes of sulphonation.  The ketones and aldehydes employed may be prepared by distillation of the lime salts obtained from vegetable, animal, mineral or synthetic oily and fatty substances by saponification with lime.  The products are wetting and emulsifying agents for use in the textile and leather industries, e.g. in dyeing, dressing and purifying processes.