Patent GB-711467-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to detergents
Inventor: HUDSON BERTRAM JAMES FRANK
IPC: C11D1/66
Filed: 1950-06-21
Abstract: A detergent composition comprises an organic ionic soapless detergent and not more than 20 per cent. by weight of the detergent of a polyhydric alcohol monoether of a hydrocarbon substituted phenol of formula R-Ar-O-R1-OH where R is a straight- or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon group containing 4-10 carbon atoms and at least one straight chain of not less than 4 carbon atoms, or a cyclic saturated hydrocarbon group containing 5-10 carbon atoms, Ar is a benzene or naphthalene nucleus, and R1 is an alkylene radical, a dialkylene ether radical or a polyalkylene polyether radical containing not more than 15 carbon atoms in all, nor more than 5 carbon atoms in any one uninterrupted chain of carbon atoms, nor more than 4 oxygen atoms.  The group R may be in the o-, m- or pposition to the ether linkage.  It is preferred that Ar should be a benzene nucleus, which may, if desired, be further substituted by a chlorine atom or a methyl, hydroxyl or nitro group.  The group R1 may carry one or more substituents such as chlorine atoms p  or methyl, hydroxyl, cyano, methylol or chlormethyl groups.  The alkylene constituents of any particular polyalkylene polyether radical may be different or identical.  It is preferred to use polyhydric alcohol monoethers derived from ethylene glycol or glycerol or in which the hydrophilic group consists of condensed ethylene oxide units, preferably from 2 to 5 units, and in which the aromatic nucleus is a benzene nucleus and the saturated hydrocarbon group contains 6 to 9 carbon atoms.  Specified polyhydric alcohol monoethers include p-tert.- octyl phenyl ethylene glycol ether, p-n-butyl phenyl mono-alpha-glycerol ether, p-cyclohexylphenyl mono-alpha-glycerol ether, p-tert.-octylphenyl mono-alpha-glycerol ether, o-, m- and pn-octylphenyl mono-alpha-glycerol ethers, the mono-alpha-glycerol ethers of nonyl phenols obtained by condensing 3 : 5 : 5-trimethyl hexanol with phenol, 2-chloro- and 2-nitro-4-tert.-octyl phenyl mono-alpha-glycerol ethers, mixed alkyl resorcinol mono-alpha-glycerol ethers in which the alkyl groups are derived from the predominantly C8 fatty acid mixture in the waste sludge from glycerol refining, tert.-octyl catechol mono-alpha-glycerol ether, p-n-decyl phenyl mono-alpha-glycerol ether, the mono-alpha-glycerol ethers of nonyl phenols obtained by condensing phenol with chlorinated kerosene fractions, the di-, tri-, tetra- and penta-ethylene glycol ethers of p-tert-octyl phenol, p-tert-octyl phenyl mono-propylene glycol ether and p-tert.-octyl phenyl mono-alpha-glycerol ether chlorhydrin. Suitable detergents include sulphonated alkyl aryl hydrocarbons such as the sodium salts of sulphonated dodecyl toluene and sulphonated dodecyl benzene, salts of sulphated fatty alcohols or secondary alkyl sulphates, and fatty alkyl trimethyl ammonium salts.  They may be used alone or mixed, and mixed with other builders or diluents such as alkali sulphates, silicates, carbonates, phosphates and salts of carboxy methyl cellulose if desired.  Preferred builders are the alkali phosphates, particularly the pyrophosphates and tripolyphosphates.  The mono ether may be incorporated in the detergent at any suitable stage in the production of the composition.  In an example, 1 per cent. by weight of p-tert.-octylphenyl ethylene glycol ether is added to a detergent composition comprising 25 per cent. by weight of the sodium salt of sulphonated commercial dodecyl toluene, 25 per cent. by weight of sodium pyrophosphate and 50 per cent. by weight of sodium sulphate.