baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent UA-73658-C2 (UA)
Title: Device for chain tightening
Inventor: BABENKO MYKOLA PAVLOVYCH
IPC: B65G19/24
Filed: 2003-11-17
Abstract: A device for the stretching the chain of rake conveyor is installed in the housing and is fastened to the reducer flange, from the side of input shaft, on which the brake disc is mounted. Braking and unbraking the brake disc are achieved by two brake clutch blocks and system of unequal-arm levers. Unequal-ram levers are connected with the mobile blocks screwed on the screw with the right-hand and left-hand threads, which is mounted in the borings of the openings of sectional halves of the housing of device.
Patent UA-66960-C2 (UA)
Title: Method of milk processing
Inventor: KARATUN VOLODYMYR OLEKSIIOVYCH
IPC: A23J1/20
Filed: 2003-12-30
Abstract: A method of milk processing consists in separation resulting in obtaining a fat fraction of non-fat milk, treating the non-fat milk with disodiumphosphate in an amount of 0.2-0.6% of the mass of dry matters of the non-fat milk at a temperature of 0-2 c, adding a pectine solution in the non-fat milk, keeping the mixture in a rest, separating the mixture into protein and pectine fractions, from which, in turn, obtained are products of special purpose. Due to the proper milk treatment, the method proposed provides for increasing in the stability of the process of dividing the protein and pectine fractions into layers and the biological value of the final products. The semi-finished products obtained in a closed production cycle are used to make highly effective food products with medicinal and prophylactic properties.
Patent UA-76250-C2 (UA)
Title: Cleaner of root heads
Inventor: BULHAKOV VOLODYMYR MYKHAILOVYC
IPC: A01D23/02
Filed: 2004-06-14
Abstract: A cleaner of root heads has a joint horizontal axis, whereon a driver shaft with radial elastic cleaning blades are mounted. Each of the cleaning blades is fixed at one end of a rotary actuator shaft, consisting of two parts, which are made in such a manner as to allow rotating around the joint axisand are interconnected by a torsion spring, and the second end of the above-mentioned rotary actuator shaft contains a conical gear wheel linked to an immovable toothed wheel. The cleaning blades are made as bundles of elastic nap.
Patent DE-1548728-C3 (DE)
IPC: H03M1/26
Filed: 1966-07-26
Granted: 1974-06-12
Abstract: 1,157,641. Selective signalling. MOORE REED (INDUSTRIAL) Ltd. 15 July, 1966 [28 July, 1965], No. 32250/65. Heading G4H. A shaft 64, Fig. 6, position digitizer includes a 10 -3  stage 61 in which brushes 0/9, 1/8, 2/7, 3/6, 4/5 and A, B, C, C o , C e  and COM, Fig. 5, are moved over stationary conductive segments 53, 54, 55, and 10 -2  and 10-1 stages 62, 63 in which coded scales (e.g. as in Fig. 7, not shown, or as in Specification 1,135,204, which is referred to) are moved past stationary brushes, the arrangement being such that each stage produces a " choosing signal " which selects which brushes in the next higher stage are to be operative. The lowest denominational stage 61, Fig. 6, includes two brushes A, B, Fig. 5, whose outputs when suitably combined (Fig. 2, not shown) produce inverse signals a, b, Fig. 3a, which are used to energize the C e  and C 0  brushes respectively, Fig. 5, so that each numbered brush (e.g. 0/9) produces a signal when in a position corresponding to either of its numbers, the ambiguity being resolved by reference to brush C.
Patent DE-3923937-C5 (DE)
Title: Diagnoseeinrichtung zum Überprüfen eines elektronischen Steuersystems einer Brennkraftmaschine
Inventor: ABE KUNIHIRO
IPC: G06F11/22
Filed: 1989-07-19
Granted: 2004-09-09
Abstract: Diagnoseeinrichtung zum Überprüfen eines elektronischen Steuersystems (2) einer Brennkraftmaschine (E), die in einem Kraftfahrzeug montiert ist, bestehend aus  – einer abnehmbaren Speicherkassette (34);  – einem ersten Speicher mit wahlfreiem Zugriff (RAM 41) der in der Speicherkassette (34) angeordnet und derart ausgebildet ist, daß ein Diagnoseprogramm speicherbar ist;  – einem I/O-Interface (39, 40); wobei  – das elektronische Steuersystem (2) Sensoren (9–17) zum Feststellen von Betriebsbedingungen des Kraftfahrzeugs und Steuereinrichtungen (3–7) aufweist, um Eingangsdaten aus den Sensoren (9–17) zu speichern und Ausgangsdaten zum Steuern des Fahrzeugs zur Verfügung zu stellen; wobei  – die Diagnoseeinrichtung (25) eine Steuereinheit (28) umfaßt, die auf die Ausgangsdaten hin diese automatisch diagnostiziert und Diagnosedaten abgibt, mir Anzeigeeinrichtungen (31) zum Anzeigen der Diagnosedaten, mit einem Tastenfeld (32) zum Eingeben eines Diagnosemodus in die Steuereinheit (28), mit Verbindungseinrichtungen (24, 26, 27) zum Verbinden der Steuereinheit (28) mit dem elektronischen Steuersystem (2), gekennzeichnet durch...
Patent DE-4441691-C5 (DE)
Title: Verwendung eines feinkörnigen Quarzsandprodukts
Inventor: FENTEN NORBERT
IPC: C09D7/62
Filed: 1994-11-23
Granted: 2006-01-26
Abstract: Die
Verwendung eines feinkörnigen Quarzsandproduktes,
bei welchem das einzelne Korn (10) im Kern (2) aus Quarz und an
der Oberfläche
aus α-Cristobalit
besteht, das einzelne Korn des Quarzsandproduktes eine gerundete
weitgehend unversehrte glatte Oberflächenstruktur aufweist und der
Anteil des α-Cristobalits
am Gesamtkorn im Mittel 1 bis 25 Gew.-% beträgt, als Füllstoff in kunstharzgebundenen
Massen.
Patent DE-102004041202-C5 (DE)
Title: Verfahren zum Abschalten eines Kraftfahrzeugheizgerätes und hierfür vorgesehenes Steuergerät
Inventor: MOST DIETER
IPC: F23N5/00
Filed: 2004-08-25
Granted: 2019-02-28
Abstract: Verfahren zum Abschalten eines Kraftfahrzeugheizgerätes (10), bei dem eine Ausbrennphase durch Herunterfahren einer in einer Kraftstoffzuführung (12) vorgesehenen Dosierpumpe (14) eingeleitet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Kraftstoffzuführung (12) vorhandener Kraftstoff zumindest zeitweise während der Ausbrennphase durch eine in der Kraftstoffzuführung (12) angeordnete Vorrichtung (16) erwärmt wird.
Patent DE-102010055463-C5 (DE)
Title: Gesinterte Ventilführung und Herstellungsverfahren hierfür
Inventor: FUJITSUKA HIROKI
IPC: F01L3/08
Filed: 2010-12-21
Granted: 2018-02-01
Abstract: Gesinterte Ventilführung, aufweisend eine metallische Struktur, die eine gemischte Struktur und eine feste Phase, worin feste Partikel in einer Legierungs-Matrix dispergiert sind, hat, wobei die gemischte Struktur aus Perlit, einer ternären eutektischen Fe-P-C-Phase, einer Ferrit-Phase, einer Kupfer-Phase und Poren besteht, wobei die gemischte Struktur aus, in Gew.-%, 0.075 bis 0.525% an P, 3.0 bis 10.0% an Cu, 1.0 bis 3.0% an C und zum Rest aus Fe und unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen besteht, und die feste Phase in 2 bis 15 Gew.-% in der gemischten Struktur dispergiert ist.
Patent RU-2575598-C9 (RU)
Title: Способ получения белка альфа5-интерферона
Inventor: BUMELIS VLADAS ALGIRDAS
IPC: C12P21/02
Filed: 2011-01-31
Granted: 2016-04-27
Abstract: Изобретение относится к области биотехнологии и может быть использовано для рекомбинантного получения α5-интерферона. Клетку E. coli - продуцента ИФНа5 культивируют с использованием углеродного раствора для подпитки с глюкозой в качестве источника углерода, содержащего на литр следующие компоненты, мг: 90-111 гексагидрата хлорида железа (III), 12,15-14,985 дигидрата хлорида кальция, 20,25-24,975 гептагидрата сульфата цинка (II), 4,5-5,55 моногидрата сульфата марганца (II), 9-11,1 пентагидрата сульфата меди (II), 3,42-4,218 гексагидрата хлорида кобальта (II), 0,9-1,11 дигидрата молибдата натрия и 2,07-2,553 борной кислоты. Ферментационная среда является, по существу, свободной от компонентов животного происхождения или дрожжевого происхождения и характеризуется содержанием на литр следующих компонентов, мг: 28,5-36,9 гексагидрата хлорида железа (III), 3,8475-4,9815 дигидрата хлорида кальция, 6,4125-8,3025 гептагидрата сульфата цинка (II), 1,425-1,845 моногидрата сульфата марганца (II), 2,85-3,69 пентагидрата сульфата меди (II), 1,083-1,4022 гексагидрата хлорида кобальта (II), 0,285-0,369 дигидрата молибдата натрия и 0,6555-0,8487 борной кислоты. Изобретение позволяет минимизировать инкорпорацию дополнительного остатка метионина в N-концевую часть полипептидной цепи и генерацию его окисленных молекул. 9 з.п. ф-лы, 13 ил., 3 табл., 4 пр.
Patent RU-2607752-C9 (RU)
Title: Winding device
Inventor: NISHIDA KIHACHIRO
IPC: B29D30/48
Filed: 2012-06-22
Granted: 2019-07-18
Abstract: FIELD: machine building. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to winding device. Technical result is achieved by winding device having base plate, which is rotated by means of rotary shaft, plurality of segments arranged in annular zone corresponding to base plate outer circumference. At that, every segment has shape corresponding to one of forms obtained by annular zone dividing into plurality of sections along base plate circumference. At that, each of segments is supported by base plate, each is in movable way in base plate radial direction. Manipulation shaft, which is rotated by means of handle, and conversion mechanism arranged between manipulation shaft and each segment. At that, conversion mechanism converts manipulation shaft rotation into corresponding segment movement in base plate radial direction. At that, conversion mechanism includes: first gear wheel, supported by base plate in rotary manner relative to rotating shaft, second gear wheel attached to manipulation shaft so, that to engage with first gear wheel, plurality of threaded shafts supported by base plate, plurality of third gear wheels attached to threaded shafts so, that to engage with first gear wheel, and plurality of movable elements, which are directed by plurality of guide sections, which are formed on base plate, to pass in base plate radial direction. Each of threaded sections includes internal threaded section, screwed in to corresponding threaded shaft, and each of segments is supported by one of movable elements. At that, when base plate rotates, wire is wound on segments outer circumference, which rotate integrally with base plate, thereby forming bead ring. 
     EFFECT: technical result is simplification of rings with different diameters winding. 
     7 cl, 9 dwg
Patent DK-133391-D0 (DK)
Inventor: JOERGENSEN-BECK FRODE
IPC: B65D85/60
Filed: 1991-07-10
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/DK92/00220 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 10, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 10, 1994 PCT Filed Jul. 9, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/01095 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 21, 1993.The carton has a hinged top with a depending flange in the front. A panel is folded up against the inside of the depending flange. The middle of the folded up panel has an arcurate nose and the edges are adhered to the depending flange, causing the nose to bulge out slightly from the depending flange. This nose engages a slot on the front panel of the carton to lock the top in place.
Patent DK-137887-D0 (DK)
Inventor: MINJOLLE LOUIS
IPC: B01D39/20
Filed: 1987-03-18
Abstract: Filter based on cellular ceramic material consisting of mullite and zirconia. 
<??>Process of preparation and the application to the filtration of liquid metals or alloys of very high melting point.
Patent DK-167188-D0 (DK)
Inventor: LEGRAND FRANZ
IPC: C01B13/32
Filed: 1988-03-25
Abstract: The powder is manufactured by cohydrolysis of metal alcoholates in the presence of an acidic organic compound; mixed metal oxide powders in which the molar ratios R1 and R2 of a metal oxide to the sum of the metal oxides in the powder and in a grain of the powder are such that
 
<IMAGE>
 
<??>The process applies to powdered zirconia doped with yttrium oxide. 
<IMAGE>
Patent DK-289590-D0 (DK)
Inventor: APTER ROBERT
IPC: G01N21/90
Filed: 1990-12-05
Abstract: The apparatus is used for testing the surface structure of hollow, cylindrical regions of transparent, hollow bodies (e.g. bottles) moved along a track. It comprises an illuminating device (10), a conveyor (14) by means of which the hollow bodies (34) are moved through an inspection region, and an imaging device (12). The illuminating device (10) has several light sources (26) which are arranged so that, in every position within the inspection region (9), the hollow bodies (34) receive light at an angle of incidence such that the hollow bodies (34) act as wave guides and appear as secondary light sources with respect to the imaging device (12), so that the imaging device (12) yields a high-contrast image of the surface structures of the hollow bodies. The device is principally used for the testing of recycled bottles.
Patent DK-291083-D0 (DK)
Inventor: MARHOLD ALBRECHT
IPC: C07D319/20
Filed: 1983-06-23
Abstract: Compounds of the formula   <IMAGE>   in which R1 is hydrogen, halogen or alkyl, R2 is halogen, alkyl or alkylthio, X is oxygen or sulphur, and Y is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or halogenoalkyl, which possess pesticidal activity.
Patent DK-366485-D0 (DK)
Inventor: NEERVEN ALEXANDER RAYMUNDUS WI
IPC: C12P19/04
Filed: 1985-08-13
Abstract: Gel-forming polysaccarides, built up of galactose, glucose and mannose in a ratio of 4:1:1, obtainable by extracting cultures of strains of the genus Rhizobium and producing gels having a high gel strength, especially at low concentration.
Patent DK-409685-D0 (DK)
Inventor: KANKKUNEN HEIKKI ILMARI
IPC: B28B1/44
Filed: 1985-09-09
Abstract: This publication describes a ram casting machine (1. . .6) for the fabrication of concrete slabs, movable on a casting bed (7) and incorporating a feed hopper (2) or similar unit, and members (3), for generating internal pressure in the cast concrete (8). The extruder in accordance with the invention comprises at least one ram member (3), cyclically moving in the cast direction, with at least one wedge-shaped surface assembly (32, 33; 34, 35), approximating a V-shape by its longitudinal section, so that in the concrete entrance direction the first surface (32, 34) is essentially steeper towards the casting direction than the other surface (33; 35).
Patent DK-453387-D0 (DK)
Inventor: NIWA RYUJI
IPC: A61K31/505
Filed: 1987-08-28
Abstract: A medicament for curing arteriosclerosis which comprises pyrimido [2,1-b] benzothiazole derivative.
Patent DK-484988-D0 (DK)
Inventor: MAURER FRITZ
IPC: C07F9/547
Filed: 1988-08-31
Abstract: The present invention relates to diesters of O-(6-methyl-2-alkyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-O-alkyl-thionoalkanephosphonic acid, of the formula (I) 
<IMAGE>
 in which
 R represents methyl or ethyl,
 R<1> represents methyl or ethyl and
 R<3> represents isopropyl or tert-butyl, which can be used as pesticides.
Patent DK-521685-D0 (DK)
Inventor: UMEZAWA HAMAO
IPC: C07C279/14
Filed: 1985-11-12
Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of compounds of the formula   <CHEM> or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, for the preparation of medicaments having immunosuppressive activity.
Patent DK-523583-D0 (DK)
Inventor: MACDUFF MALCOLM GAVIN JOHN
IPC: C11D1/12
Filed: 1983-11-15
Abstract: In a foaming liquid detergent composition suitable inter alia for hand dishwashing and including in its detergent-active system a dialkyl sulphosuccinate, performance is enhanced and physical characteristics (stability, viscosity, hydrotrope requirement) are improved by the inclusion of a fatty acid dialkanolamide such as lauric diethanolamide.
Patent DK-561886-D0 (DK)
Inventor: CARR LUCINDA GAYLE
IPC: C12N15/52
Filed: 1986-11-24
Abstract: The present invention comprises novel DNA com­pounds that encode isopenicillin N synthetase. The invention also comprises methods, transformants, and polypeptides related to the novel DNA compounds. The novel isopenicillin N synthetase-encoding DNA, together with its associated transcription and translation activating sequence, was isolated from Penicilliumchrysogenum. The isopenicillin N synthetase-encoding DNA can be used to construct novel E. coli expression vectors that drive expression of isopenicillin N syn­thetase in E. coli. The intact P. chrysogenum iso­penicillin N synthetase-encoding DNA and associated transcription and translation activating sequence can also be used to construct expression vectors that drive expression of the isopenicillin N synthetase in P. chrysogenum and Cephalosporiumacremonium. The transcription and translation activating sequence can be fused to a hygromycin phosphotransferase-encoding DNA segment and placed onto expression vectors that function in P. chrysogenum and C. acremonium. The transcription termination and mRNA polyadenylation signals of the P. chrysogenum isopenicillin N synthetase can be used to increase ultimate expression of a product encoded on a recombinant DNA vector.
Patent DK-569487-D0 (DK)
Inventor: WELLINGA KOBUS
IPC: A01N43/76
Filed: 1987-10-30
Abstract: The invention relates to a herbicidally and/or algicidally active compound of the general formula <CHEM>  wherein R1 is a substituted or non-substituted alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms; R2 is a halogen atom; a nitro group; a cyano group; a substituted or non-substituted benzyl, phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio, phenylsulphinyl, phenylsulphonyl or phenylsulphonyloxy group; or a halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl or alkylsulphonyloxy group having 1-4 carbon atoms; R3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; and  X is O or S; or a salt of this compound with an organic or inorganic acid.
Patent DK-581088-D0 (DK)
Inventor: AKESAKA TOSHIO
IPC: E21B7/20
Filed: 1988-10-19
Abstract: A method for excavating a hole and an apparatus therefor are suitable for the operation of excavating a hole used for laying a lateral sewer or mounting pipe, which extends from a main sewer pipe (10) toward the ground surface, on the main sewer pipe. The method comprises the step of rotating a rod (12) about its axis in a space provided in the ground (72) while advancing the rod in the direction of penetrating a wall member (10) defining the space, and the step of utilizing the advanced rod for a guide while excavating a hole in the ground from the tip side of the rod toward the space. The apparatus embodying the method described above comprises a rod propelling machine (14) disposed in a space provided in the ground (72) and for rotating a rod (12) about its axis while advancing the rod and an excavating machine (74) utilizing the advanced rod for a guide and for excavating a hole in the ground from the tip side of the rod toward the space, wherein the rod propelling machine (14) includes operating means (21) for rotating the rod about its axis while advancing the rod and means (59) placed in front of the operating means and for guiding the rod in the direction of penetrating a wall member defining the space. Therefore, the hole is easily accurately excavated even in a spot incapable of being excavated by a driving method.
Patent DK-677387-D0 (DK)
Inventor: DURUISSEAU BERNARD
IPC: F16H25/22
Filed: 1987-12-22
Abstract: Rollers situated on the circumference of a threaded screw inside a nut have a cavity at each end containing a spring and a pin. When a roller enters the recirculation groove, the spring/pin assembly bearing against the cap recirculates the roller towards the interior of the nut. By enabling the roller to be repositioned at the time of its reinsertion between the threads of the screw and of the nut, this arrangement provides for flexible operation of the screw.
Patent DK-709088-D0 (DK)
Inventor: MARKWELL ROGER EDWARD
IPC: A61K31/22
Filed: 1988-12-20
Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula (I), a process for their preparation and their use as collagenase inhibitors are described: <CHEM>  in which,R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, or optionally substituted aryl;  R2 is hydrogen, or acyl such as   - @-alkyl or - @ - Z where Z is optionally substituted aryl;  R3 is C3-6 alkyl; R4 is hydrogen, alkyl, -CH2-R10 where R10 is optionally substituted phenyl or heteroaryl, or a group <CHEM> where R11 is hydrogen, alkyl, or -CH2-Ph where Ph is optionally substituted phenyl, and R12 is hydrogen or alkyl; and  R5 is hydrogen, alkyl, or a group <CHEM> where R13 is hydrogen, or alkyl, and R14 is hydroxy, alkoxy, or -NR6R7, where each of R6 and R7 is hydrogen or alkyl, or R6 and R7 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring with an optional oxygen or sulphur atom in the ring or an optional further nitrogen atom optionally substituted by alkyl.
Patent HU-892262-D0 (HU)
Title: Method for producing steroide 17 alpha silyl esthers
Inventor: LIVINGSTON DOUGLAS ALAN
IPC: C07J71/00
Filed: 1987-11-02
Abstract: 17 beta -Cyano-17 alpha -hydroxy steroids (I) are transformed to 17 alpha -halo silyl ethers (II) which are intermediates useful in the production of progesterones (V), 17-hydroxyprogesterones (VI), corticoids (VII) and 21-halo corticoids (III) which can readily be transformed to corticoids (VII).
Patent NO-881918-D0 (NO)
Inventor: KAAS POVL
IPC: C02F1/30
Filed: 1988-05-02
Abstract: Chlorinated water is circulated through vessels first for irradiation with infra-red radiation at a wavelength of 765 nm to 10 microns then for irradiation with ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength exceeding 300 nm and finally for irradiation at a wavelength of 100 to 200 nm and at a wavelength of 253.7 nm.
Patent NO-882095-D0 (NO)
Inventor: BLUECHER HUBERT VON
IPC: A43B17/10
Filed: 1988-05-13
Abstract: The present invention involves an inner shoe material with adsorbent properties, whereby activated carbon particles are fixed as the adsorbent material by means of an adhesive substance in a punctiform manner to the side of the material facing away from the foot. The inner shoe material of the invention can be designed as inside lining, insoles, slipsoles, as inner sole of the shoe or as a covering material for the inner sole of the shoe. The inner shoe material of the invention can e.g. be used for combat boots with integrated C-protection or for safety boots with protection against aggressive chemicals. The inner shoe material has the advantage that it exhibits a high degree of scuff resistance on the one hand and the adsorbent activated carbon is freely accessible to the substances to be adsorbed, on the other.
Patent NO-891337-D0 (NO)
Inventor: PEREGO JEAN
IPC: A61M5/145
Filed: 1989-03-30
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FR88/00386 Sec. 371 Date May 22, 1989 Sec. 102(e) Date May 22, 1989 PCT Filed Jul. 25, 1988 PCT Pub. No. WO89/00866 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 9, 1989.The invention concerns a device and a process for administering a liquid drug preparation, in particular by infusion, by implantation or percutaneously, at a given flow rate for relatively long period of time, using a technique involving the retractation of an elastic membrane. More specifically, using this technique, said drug preparation is placed in a tubular reservoir (13) where it is subjected to the action of at least one movable wall (112, 112a). The movable wall is displaced by the pressure of a hydraulic fluid (10), the entry of which is controlled by a capillary tube (4) fed with hydraulic fluid (10) under pressure by a hydraulic accumulator subject to the thrust of a previously dilated retractable elastic membrane (8).
Patent NO-892035-D0 (NO)
Inventor: GAROFF THOMAS
IPC: C08F4/02
Filed: 1989-05-22
Abstract: The invention relates to the improving of the particle structure of carrier compounds for polymerization catalysts, and thereby to the improving of the activity of the entire catalyst, by jet grinding one or more carrier compounds (4), or a mixture of the same, in a grinding chamber in which one or more gas jets (2) transport particles (4) of the material to be ground finely, at such a force against each other and/or against one or more anvils (5) of the jet mill that the particles are pulverized into a finely-divided chemically active carrier.
Patent NO-892630-D0 (NO)
Inventor: NAMEN ANTHONY E
IPC: C07K16/00
Filed: 1989-06-23
Abstract: Mammalian Interleukin-7 proteins (IL-7s), DNAS and expression vectors encoding mammalian IL-7s, and processes for producing mammalian IL-7s as products of cell culture, including recombinant systems, are disclosed.