baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-868287-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of mixtures of ª+-halogenocarboxylic acid nitriles
Filed: 1958-08-26
Abstract: Telomers are produced in the presence of free-radical catalysts from olefines and cyanogen chloride, the reactants containing less than 0,1% water.  Preferably the cyanogen chloride contains less than 0,1% of free halogen halide.  Specified reactants are ethylene, propylene, organic peroxides and azodiisobutyric acid nitrile.  Magnesium perchlorate, silica gel and alkaline earth metal oxides or hydroxides are used in the purification of the reaction components.  The process may be continuous and in the presence or absence of solvents, and the apparatus used is advantageously constructed of or lined with silver, gold, tantalum, titanium, high-alloy steel or polyvinyl fluoride. The products are mixtures of o -halogeno-carboxylic acid nitriles. Specification 760,043 is referred to.ALSO:Telomers are produced in the presence of free-radical catalysts from olefines and cyanogen halide which contain less than 0,1% water.  Preferably the cyanogen chloride contains less than 0,1% of free halogen halide.  Specified reactants are ethylene, propylene, cyanogenchloride, organic peroxides and azodiisobutyric acid nitrile.  The process may be carried out in the presence or absence of solvents.  The products are mixtures of w-halogeno-carboxylic acid nitriles.  Specification 760,043 is referred to.
Patent GB-1471889-A (GB)
Title: Sound muffling laminate
IPC: E04B1/82
Filed: 1973-06-08
Abstract: 1471889 Sound-muffling laminates VAN HATTUM & BLANKEVOORT BV 6 June 1974 [8 June 1973] 27401/73 Heading B5N [Also in Division F2] A sound-muffling laminate comprises a blanket 8 of fibrous heat-resistant material having on one side a metal wire gauze 6 with 15-25 wires/cm. and on the other side a flexible rubber or plastics, e.g. vinyl, layer 9 of density 2À5- 5 g./cm.<SP>3</SP> which is thinner than the blanket. The blanket 8 may comprise loosely-packed glass or mineral fibre and may be wholly or partly protected by a water and oil resistant layer 7, e.g. fireproofed canvas cloth, PTFE film, PTFE- coated glass fibre cloth, plastics coating. The layer 9 may have lead powder at its surface or distributed therethrough. The gauze 6 may be a copper gauze of wire thickness 0À15-0À40 mm. A reinforcing coarse zinc-coated steel gauze 5 of wire thickness 1 mm. and mesh width 4 mm. may be present. The laminate may be applied to the framework 1, 2 of a cylindrical or polygonal pile-driver casing as a preformed structure or by building up in situ. In the latter case, the mesh layers are riveted (at 10) or spot-welded to the framework and the other layers are held in place by flexible metal straps 11 and bolts 13.
Patent GB-393824-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the continuous treatment of paper refuse, old paper, wood pulp, cellulose and the like in the preparation of paper pulp
IPC: D21D1/32
Filed: 1932-10-03
Abstract: 393,824. Utilization of waste paper, wood pulp, &c. GREWIN, F., Hallstavik, Sweden. Oct. 3, 1932, No. 27454. Conven. tion date, Oct. 15, 1931. [Class 96.] Waste paper, cardboard, wood pulp, cellulose, and the like which accrues during paper making is thoroughly moistened and mechanically disintegrated continuously with its production. The waste paper is preferably sprayed with water and fed straight into the disintegrating apparatus, which may conveniently be situated in a cellar directly underneath the papermaking machine. The waste paper drops down into the trough A through shoots, the sides of which are sprayed with water, and is beaten by the revolving arms a<3>. A water spray d<3> and adjustable baffle a<4> holds back paper which is still voluminous from the beating vat B containing the beater arms b<2> which rotate between steel plates b<4>. The pulp flows through a sieve b<3>, kept clear by a rotating brush or spiked roller b<5>, into the tank c<1>. Coarse material is returned by the pump D to the trough A by nozzles d<2> or to the vat B by nozzles d4, and fine material overflows into the tank c<2> and is pumped to the paper-making machine above by a pump E controlled by the float el. In a modified form of apparatus for use when space is restricted, the trough A is replaced by an endless conveyer belt.
Patent GB-464049-A (GB)
Title: Television transmitter
IPC: H04N3/36
Filed: 1935-10-07
Abstract: 464,049. Television. RADIOAKT.- GES. D. S. LOEWE. Oct. 7, 1935, No. 27666. Convention date, Oct. 11, 1934. [Class 40 (iii)] A marginal strip is shaded in the projection of a film picture 6 on an area less than the area scanned by an apertured disc 12 and is illuminated by an auxiliary source of light 14 to an intensity greater than the maximum intensity of light in the image. A negative film is used and positive transmission obtained by phase reversal in the photo-electric amplifier. Alternatively, light from the arc 5, which illuminates the film, is projected round the transparent film to produce sharp edges on the scanning disc, which have a greater light intensity than occurs in the reproduction of the film. To produce image-change signals, the illumination of the film is screened by a diaphragm 13<1> from horizontal strips on which light of greater intensity is projected from the source 14. To produce interlaced scanning, as described in Specification 465,184, the spacings between the horizontal strips differ by the width of one scanning line. The auxiliary light is mixed with the primary light by a prism 9, with a lens surface 16, at the point where the shadow of the carbon of the arc lamp 5 is reproduced. A reversal of phase in the photo-electric amplifier produces positive transmission i.e. the aerial current increases for more brilliantly illuminated points in the image.
Patent GB-242977-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the blades of rotary fans
IPC: F01D5/30
Filed: 1925-11-05
Abstract: 242,977. Soc. Rateau. Nov. 14, 1924, [Convention date]. Impeller blades.-The inner ends of fan blades c are secured by one or more rows of rivets e to ribs b integral with the rotor hub a. The attachment may be completed by the addition of a counter plate d.
Patent GB-266785-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in travelling grates
IPC: F23H11/04
Filed: 1925-11-06
Abstract: 266,785. Underfeed Stoker Co., Ltd., and Wray, J. W. Nov. 6, 1925. Crates.-Travelling grates of the endless chain type have, attached to the chain f, carriers d on each of which are pivoted a number of grate bars a to form a group of bars lying upon each other in the manner of louvre slats when in the upper run of the grate, all the bars of a group turning together on their pivots as the carriers leave the upper run. The bars a have spacing projections n and may be shaped to form pockets o, Fig. 2, for receiving riddlings, which are discharged as the bars reverse their position in travelling over the rear drum; these pockets may carry water for supplying steam to the fuel or oil for assisting ignition. Pivots b at each end of the bars a engage in cavities c in the carriers d which are bolted at e to alternate links of the chain f running on supports g, rollers h and a drum i. The rollers h are each mounted on a sleeve p encircling a spindle q carried by links of the chain f. Instead of having separate cavities c the castings d may be provided with a continuous slot having an opening which permits the pivots of the bars to be inserted or withdrawn when the casting is forced out of its normal position but prevents disengagement of the pivots during normal working. As shown in Fig. 1 the bars of the group of five between the end bars on each carrier d turn together as the carriers leave the upper run. There may be several bars in the width of the grate, carried by parallel chains, and the bars travel free of each other in the lower run.
Patent GB-1179038-A (GB)
Title: Process for the Arc Welding of Root Seams
IPC: B23K9/035
Filed: 1967-06-16
Abstract: 1,179,038. Welding by fusion. OERLIKON BUHRLE HOLDING A.G., and OERLIKONELEKTRODENFABRIK EISENBERG G.m.b.H. 16 June, 1967 [8 July, 1966], No. 27998/67. Heading B3R. In a welding process employing at least one consumable electrode 6 and in which the arc 7 is not submerged but maintained either in the presence of a protective gas or flux from the electrode coating or filling, the weld gap is backed by weld powder 4 in order to obtain a uniform reverse bead and a container 3 for the powder provides a heat sink, the container having a greater cross-section transversely to the weld seam than the powder. The container 3 also supports copper members 5 adapted to dissipate the weld heat from the members 1 to be joined. The member 3 is pressed towards the workpiece. Where more than one electrode, or where a single non-circular section electrode is used the welding head 8 may be rotated within a range of from 0 to 90 degrees about an axis 9 normal to the weld in dependence upon the variation in the air gap, e.g. as in positions A, B, C, Fig. 3. This rotation may be controlled manually or automatically by means of a probe. Inert or other gas shielding of the arc may be employed.
Patent GB-958415-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for automatically steering a missile
Inventor: GUTHRIE JOHN MCELLROY
IPC: G01S3/786
Filed: 1961-08-02
Abstract: 958, 415. Automatic steering of missiles. GENERAL DYNAMICS CORPORATION. Aug. 2, 1961, No. 28036/61. Heading G3R. In a system for automatically steering a missile towards a target, the missile is rolled continuously and a pair of oppositely disposed fixed incidence retractable wings are extended from the sides of the missile for such times as are necessary to correct heading and pitch. In Fig. 2 a Cassegrain telescope 17, 18 forms part of a gyro rotor having a permanent magnet 25 rotated by a pair of stator coils energized alternately by a magnetically operated switch (not shown) responsive to rotation of the permanent magnet. The gyro stabilized telescope is mounted in the nose of a missile having a window 24 transparent to radiation, e.g. infra-red, from a target, so that an image projected through a disc 21 having alternate transparent and opaque sectors and rotating with the rotor, produces, from a photo-cell 22, electric pulses on deviation of the telescope axis from the direction of the target. The pulses produced are applied through a transistor amplifier-demodulator, having automatic gain control, so that a coil 27 is energized to precess the gyroscope and bring the telescope into alignment with the target. A loud speaker is operated by the error signal so that it is known when the target has been acquired. The error signal applied to precess the gyro, together with a signal, representing the position of the gyro rotor relative to the missile, produced in a coil 28 by the rotor magnet, is applied to a demodulator the output of which controls an electromagnetically operated bleed valve controlling a hot gas fluid pressure jack 35, Fig. 11, to extend a pair of fixed angle of incidence wings 34 on each side at the rear end of the missile during appropriate periods of each roll cycle to turn the missile towards the target. The continuous roll of the missile is produced by canted nozzles or fins. An external battery is used to bring the gyro up to speed before launching. Hot gas for the control system is produced by solid propellant ignited at launching.
Patent GB-1513972-A (GB)
Title: Porous laminated sheet
IPC: F23M5/08
Filed: 1976-07-06
Abstract: 1513972 Porous metal composite sheeting GENERAL MOTORS CORP 6 July 1976 [24 July 1975] 28042/76 Heading E1K [Also in Division F1] A laminated porous metal sheet, suitable for forming into a combustion liner 10 for a gas turbine engine, consists of two layers 31, 32, Figs. 2 and 3, or 51, 52, Fig. 5, bonded together in face-to-face relationship, the inner face of layer 31 or 51, intended to be the layer facing into the combustion space of liner 10, having a plurality of rows of grooves 36 or 56 each communicating with the outer face of the layer via outlet openings 40 or 60, and the inner face of layer 32 or 52 having grooves 35 or 55 extending transversely of the grooves 36 or 56 so that each groove 35 or 55 interconnects two grooves 36 or 56 in adjacent rows, an inlet aperture 34 or 54 communicating each groove 35 or 55 with the outer face of the layer 32 or 52. As a result, when the sheet is formed into the liner 10 shown in Fig. 1 and the engine is in operation, cooling air is drawn into the combustion space via the inlet apertures, disposed on the outside of the liner, and discharged at a substantial angle to a normal to the sheet from the outlet openings, disposed on the inside of the liner. In the embodiment of Figs. 2 and 3, the discharge from alternate rows 38 of grooves 36 is angled in the opposite direction from the normal relative to that from the intervening rows 39, whereas, in the embodiment of Fig. 5, the discharge from the grooves 56 in all the rows is angled in the same direction. The embodiment of Figs. 2 and 3 therefore results in a turbulent layer of cooling air on the inside of the liner 10 whereas the embodiment of Fig. 5 results in a layer of cooling air moving in a predetermined direction relative to the direction of flow of the combustion gases. The size of the outlet openings in either case is such that there is no considerable penetration of cooling air into the main body of air, introduced via primary combustion air openings 26 and secondary (dilution) air openings 27, the former of these being provided by sleeves and the latter by punching the laminated sheet. The lining 10 is preferably formed of two pieces of the laminated porous sheet, to form main chamber 11 and end wall 12, having air-swirling louvres 23, 24 and opening 22 for a fuel spray nozzle and an ignitor and an outlet ring 15 of non-porous metal.
Patent GB-1451015-A (GB)
Title: Heat exchanger
IPC: F28F9/16
Filed: 1974-06-25
Abstract: 1451015 Tubular heat exchangers K TAKAYASU 25 June 1974 [26 June 1973 16 Aug 1973 1 Oct 1973 10 Dec 1973 (4)] 28089/74 Heading F4S [Also in Division F2 A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger (e.g. of stainless steel) having tubes mounted in end plates comprises the steps of inserting each end portion of the tubes into holes bored in the end plates and subjecting the peripheries of the end plates to a compressive force to produce plastic deformation of the end plates sufficient to make a fluid-tight seal between the pipes and the holes. In an embodiment, Fig. 4, additional end plates 7 are placed adjacent end plates 1 and pipes 2 are inserted into holes bored in plates 1, 7 and force is applied to the peripheries of plates 1, 7. Cylindrical body 4, having nozzles 5, 6 may be welded into recesses 9 on plates 1 and plates 7 may be provided with serewthreads 8. In another embodiment the plates and tubes are assembled inside the cylinder and the force producing plastic deformation is applied through the cylinder wall around the peripheries of the end plates. More effective sealing of the cylinder to the end plates may be obtained either by forming grooves in the peripheries of the end plates or by placing sealing material, e.g. rubber between the peripheries of the end plates and the inner surface of the cylinder. In a further embodiment, Fig. 7, grooves 13 are provided on the inner surface of cylindrical body 4 into which end plates 1 are placed and when force is applied through the cylinder wall around the peripheries of end plates 1, as indicated by arrows X, the end plates are deformed increasing their thickness so that their outer edges fill grooves 13 and decreasing their diameter so that they grip tubes 2.
Patent GB-692508-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric lighting systems for vehicles
IPC: H02J7/14
Filed: 1950-11-17
Abstract: 692,508. Self-contained supply systems; charging and discharging batteries; automatic voltage control systems. ALLMANNA SVENSKA ELEKTRISKA AKTIEBOLAGET. Nov. 17, 1950 [Nov. 19, 1949], No. 28135/50. Class 38 (iv). In an electric lighting system for electrically driven vehicles having an alternator 1 driven from a power source on the vehicle, a battery reserve set 3, a parallel connected lighting load circuit 4 which may comprise discharge lamps and a battery charging circuit 2, and switchover means 5a, 5b for alternatively switching the load 4 to the alternator 1 or the battery reserve set 3, at least two automatic regulators are provided, of which one is a field regulator 8 for controlling the alternator voltage to a value suitable for either the load (as shown) or the battery charging circuit, and another provides a suitable voltage for the remaining one of the two circuits and is connected between the alternator and such circuit. Should the alternator voltage fall, e.g. due to slowing of the vehicle, a voltage-sensitive relay energizes the switch-over means to change the load supply from the alternator to the battery, Fig. 1 (not shown), and to avoid the resulting momentary supply interruption a relay 12 is energized by the regulator 8 as it approaches the limit of its ability to maintain the required load voltage, whereupon the relay 5a connects the battery 7 in parallel with the alternator 1. A timing relay 11a subsequently energizes the relay 5b to disconnect the alternator from the load. The battery 7 may be charged through a transformer 2a, transductor 2b and rectifier 2c at constant voltage, with maximum current limitation. A current transformer 10 influences the charging current to limit the total current to the capacity of the alternator. An inverter 9 and a further regulator 6 (not shown) may be connected between the battery and the load. A number of forms of voltage and current control by the regulators are disclosed in the Specification.
Patent GB-310066-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to a luminous electrical discharge tube
IPC: H01J17/04
Filed: 1927-10-22
Abstract: 310,066. James, R. W., (Manhattan Electrical Supply Co., Inc.). Oct. 22, 1927. Vacuum tubes.-In luminous electric discharge tubes such as lamps, signs, &c., having two electrode structures spaced apart a distance several times the diameter of either electrode, one at least of the electrode structures comprises a sleeve 5, Fig. 2, surrounding the electrode 3 at a distance slightly greater than the distance through which an electron falls to produce ionization in the gas at the impressed voltage, as described in Specification 278,751, together with a barrier 13 of insulating material such as glass or mica extending between the sleeve 5 and the surrounding part of the wall 1 of the tube to prevent the discharge spreading around the sleeve 5 to the leading-in wire 9. The tube can then be operated at a current density exceeding one ampere per 1.5 square decimeters of active electrode surface without damage to the wire 9 and without disintegration of the electrode and consequent gas absorption. In a tube with a neon filling at a pressure of 7-17 mm. and with an applied potential of 5,000-15,000 volts, the spacing between the sleeve 5 and the electrode 3 is 0.02 inches. The sleeve 5 may be of insulating material and may be supported around the carbon electrode 3 by an insulating tube 7 and a re-entrant tube 10. In a tube with asymmetric conductivity, the active area of the electrode 3 is very small as in Fig. 2, the other end of the tube 1 having a cup-shaped electrode without a sleeve 5 and barrier 13. In a tube with symmetric conductivity, each electrode is a cylinder of large diameter within a sleeve 5, the cylinder ending flush with, or extending beyond, the end of the sleeve 5. The space behind the glass barrier 13 may be packed with glass wool which may form the barrier, the glass 13 then being omitted. In a modification, Fig. 4, the end 21 of the carbon or aluminium electrode 3 is hollow or the electrode is a hollow sphere with a small aperture and surrounded by an apertured spherical screen instead of the sleeve 5. The electrode 3, Fig. 4, is massive and is held in place by glass wool 20 which extends around a barrier 23 on the sleeve 5. This wool 20, with or without glass wool at other parts of the tube, absorbs and liberates gas and so maintains the gas pressure constant and increases the life of the tube. The wool 20 also prevents ionization around the electrode 3 and discharges to the lead 9 and conducts heat from the electrode to keep the seal 27 at the narrowed end 25 of the tube 1 cool, an open partially evacuated space being left if desired between the wool 20 and the seal 27. The wire 9 is of copper and the seal is made airtight by fluid balsam of fir retained by a wood or other stopper 28. If the tube 1 is of quartz or boro-silicate glass, a glass having a lower melting point than copper is used at 29; if the tube is of ordinary glass, it is directly sealed to the copper.
Patent GB-770687-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing cellulose
IPC: D21D1/32
Filed: 1954-09-30
Abstract: Cellulose is obtained from straw, esparto, sabai grass, reed, jute, sisal waste, or the like, by first subjecting to an intensive steam treatment, then impregnating with a solution of sodium hydroxide and treating at a pulp density above 18 per cent in worm presses in which the material is broken up and ground, at elevated temperatures if desired.  The impregnation with sodium hydroxide must be thorough and this is ensured by subjecting the material to a preliminary steam treatment.  In an example, chopped rice straw is first subject to a steam treatment for 2 hours and then to a 5 per cent solution of sodium hydroxide at about 90 DEG  C. for several hours.  The impregnated material is then broken up by vigorous mechanical treatment in worm presses, followed by grinding in a disc refiner. The material is then washed, and bleached if desired.
Patent GB-611058-A (GB)
Title: Cathode for electron discharge device and method of producing the same
IPC: H01J9/04
Filed: 1945-10-25
Abstract: 611,058. Diaphragms; sound-reproducing devices. YOUNG, L., and YOUNG, A. Oct. 9, 1945, No. 26354. [Class 40 (iv)] The diaphragm 7 of a microphone, telephone or loudspeaker is protected from blast by the provision of metal grids 13, 16, one on each side thereof. The grids, which may be of perforated metal or of stiff wire gauze, conform to the shape of the diaphragm and are spaced therefrom beyond the limits of its normal maximum vibration but within the limits of its possible movement without permanent distortion, so that during a blast the diaphragm is supported by a grid. In the loudspeaker shown, the diaphragm is provided with an annular groove 9 and a flange 10. The grids 13, 16 have corresponding grooves 14, 17 and flanges 15, 18 respectively. The flanges and securing washers 11 are held between a clamping ring and the framework 12. The diaphragm carrier and speech coil 6 are mounted between the poles 4 and 5 of a magnet and the grid 16 is apertured to accommodate the coil. The diaphragm may be flat or corrugated.
Patent GB-598497-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of felted material
IPC: D04H17/00
Filed: 1945-10-26
Abstract: 598,497. Felt. WHITEHEAD & BROS., Ltd., R. R., and PORRITT, C. P. Oct. 26, 1945, No. 28267. [Class 42 (ii)] Laps or batts of fibrous material including animal, vegetable or mineral fibre, are hardened by being constrained between elements on opposite sides, both of which are movable, but only one of which is moving at any one movement, while the other is stationary. The laps or batts 7, 8 (Fig. 4) may be conveyed between carrying cloths 11, 12 and passed either continuously or step-by-step between the pair of plates 13, 14. Sets of cams 15, 16, mounted on shafts 17, 18, are disposed at the corners of the plates, are independently driven, or geared together, in which latter case the cams 15, 16 are mounted out of phase, and each has a concentric portion of 180 degrees, so that the top plate is driven when the lower plate is stationary, and vice versa. Groups of rolls mounted in a common frame may be used instead of the plates 13 or 14. Alternatively, the movements of the plates or rollers may be effected by a pair of crank pins 20, 21 carried by a shaft 19 and connected by connecting rods 22, 23, slide links 24, 25 and lost-motion mechanism to the plates or sets of rollers 26, 27 respectively.