Patent GB-459297-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rotary land cultivators or tilling machines
IPC: A01B33/06
Filed: 1935-07-05
Abstract: 459,297. Machines for working land. ROYSTON, M. H., 854, Scott Hall Road, Leeds. July 5, 1935, No. 19251. [Class 6 (i)] A tilling - machine comprises a number of pendant tool shafts 3 rotatably mounted in bearings at their upper ends and furnished at their lower ends with several fixed or detachable horizontally projecting tines 15 located in each of several substantially horizontal planes, the bearings being arranged transversely across the machine frame 1 which is adjustable relative to its land wheels 45 for controlling the depth of work, and chains or gears being provided for rotating adjacent tool shafts in opposite directions in such a manner that soil is thrown rearwardly and outwardly by pairs of tilling tools with a substantially fan-like distribution. Three shafts 3 on each side of the machine are geared together by spur wheels 5, or chain gearing, and the two inner shafts are driven by bevel gearing from one or two longitudinal shafts 11 driven from the power take off shaft 6 of a tractor 7 through a flexible shaft 8 and couplings 9. The tines 15 may be removably fastened to a sectional or other barrel-shaped holder 16, the sides of which may be parallel, tapered, or curved. The interchangeable tines 15 may be secured in slots by through bolts. The holders 16 may be secured on the shafts 3 by nuts, pins, &c. or by bolts 19 passing through the gear wheels 5 and holding the holders 16 against spacing sleeves 3a on the shafts 3. The tines 15 may be curved, with a leading knife edge 20, Fig. 4, or may be straight, cranked, &c. without a knife edge and with or without removable points. Each tine 15 may be in the form of a three-pronged fork having the prongs arranged in various ways. Fig. 5 shows three tines 15 projecting from a plate 21 which is slotted or apertured to fit over the shaft 3 between the sections of the holder 16. In another form a circular plate is formed with saw-like teeth acting as tines. In another the tines are in the form of propeller blades. In another arrangement the holder 16 is formed integral with the shaft 3 and provided with projections to receive tines having recessed ends. A tool shaft may be made in two flanged parts connected together by a central pin and a bolt which shears under excessive stress. For vertical resilience a spring may be located between the holder 16 and the frame 1, the bearings, or the gear wheel 5. For rotary resilience spring steel tines may be employed, or tines 37, Fig. 12, may be pivoted on the holder 16 and supported by springs 39. Alternatively the holder may be rotatably mounted on the shaft 3 under the control of a spring. Tilling tools may be furnished with integral tines 41, Fig. 14, and may be straight, curved, or inclined, or cranked as shown. In another form in which four series of tines are provided, the tines in each series are opposite to the spaces between the tines in the diametrically opposite series. The vertical distances between the tines may vary. Disc coulters 43, Fig. 1, are mounted on the machine, which may be provided with more than two wheels, or with skids or endless tracks. The frame may be lifted by the engagement of toothed segments with bolts on the wheel hubs. It is held raised by the engagement of a projection 50 on a bar 48 with a stop member 49. The draught connection 51 is adjustable to allow of a slight inclination of the tines. In self-propelled machines the tool shafts are driven from the main power unit. The tool frame may be pivoted on the main frame and may be provided with wheels, rollers, or skids to ensure even depth of work. A transverse guard member at the rear may be employed for levelling the soil. Deflecting blades may assist the levelling action.