baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-310046-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of artificial filaments, films and the like
IPC: D01F2/30
Filed: 1929-04-18
Abstract: 310,046. British Celanese, Ltd., (Assignees of Dreyfus, C., and Whitehead, W.). April 21, 1928, [Convention date]. Cellulose acetates and other carboxylates, processes for making filaments and films from. - Filaments, threads, yarns, films, and the like are produced by the dry spinning of an organic cellulose ester dissolved in a volatile solvent comprising methyl alcohol and at least 70 per cent of acetone. The presence of the methyl alcohol lowers the viscosity of the solution, whereby the filaments &c. may be more easily drawn out during the process of spinning. The proportion of methyl alcohol is higher according as the desired denier number of the filaments is lower. The addition of 2-5 per cent of methyl alcohol to acetone solutions of cellulose acetate permits of the obtaining of 2.42-2.45 denier filaments while employing normal spinning apertures. Specifications 312,203 and 317,098 are referred to.
Patent GB-1552573-A (GB)
Title: Process for the oxidation of harmful material in aqueous solution
IPC: A62D101/47
Filed: 1978-03-28
Abstract: In a process for the oxidation of oxidizable pollutants, contained in aqueous solution, on activated charcoal used as catalyst with feed of oxygen to the aqueous solution, activated charcoal is used which has been heated to red heat at a temperature of above 1000 DEG C in a reducing or inert atmosphere and cooled. For this purpose, activated charcoal can be used which has been heated to red heat at 1100 DEG C in a hydrogen atmosphere for at least 30 minutes. It is also possible to use activated charcoal which has been heated to red heat at 1100 DEG C in vacuo for at least 30 minutes.
Patent GB-549829-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the catalytic isomerization of paraffinic hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C5/27
Filed: 1940-07-24
Abstract: 549,829. Isomerization of paraffin hydrocarbons. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO. July 24, 1940, No. 12092. Convention date, Sept. 30, 1939. [Class 2 (iii)] Normal paraffins containing at least four carbon atoms are isomerised into isoparaffins by an isomerization catalyst of the Friedelcrafts type in the liquid phase wherein the catalyst is maintained in an amount of at least 100 per cent. by weight of the amount of feedstock in contact therewith at any given instant. The preferred temperature range is from 30‹F. to 300‹F. The presence of promotors is desirable. Compounds mentioned for this purpose include the hydrogen halides and the lower alkyl halides. In order to maintain the necessary amount of catalyst, fresh catalyst is added to the bed either continuously or intermittently. A partial pressure of hydrogen is preferably maintained in the isomerization zone sufficient to establish two phases therein. The spent catalyst is removed from the bottom of the lid. The catalyst is preferably passed into the reaction zone in the form of a slurry with the feedstock at a velocity sufficient to maintain the catalyst in suspension, the slurry being recycled to the isomerization zone until the reaction is complete. If desired a portion of the slurry is separated into solid and liquid, and the catalyst portion only being recycled. Compounds mentioned as starting materials include normal butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane and higher homologues, or mixtures of these. Field butanes, paraffinic mixtures resulting from the removal of olefinic constituents of refinery C 4  and C 5  cuts, waste gases of paraffinic nature evolved from thermal and/or catalytic alkylation and polymerization units. In examples (1) normal pentane and a small amount of HCl is passed through a bed of commercial aluminium chloride at a rate of 0.9 vol. per vol. catalyst per hour at 76‹F. 6 per cent. of isopentane was formed. (2) Normal butane is passed into a reactor containing aluminium chloride at a temperature of 150‹F. to 175‹C. under a pressure sufficient to keep the reactants in the liquid state. (3) Normal pentane containing 3 per cent. HCl is passed through a bed of aluminium chloride at room temperature. Specification 516,659 is referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 also describes with drawings an apparatus in which the process of the present invention may be carried out. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1209241-A (GB)
Title: Print pastes for printing textiles
IPC: D06P1/52
Filed: 1968-03-13
Abstract: 1,209,241. Textile print pastes. BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK A.G. 13 March, 1968 [14 March, 1967], No. 12136/68. Heading C3P. [Also in Division D1] Aqueous textile print pastes contain a dye and, as thickener, a water-soluble copolymer of (a) 10-39À95% of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid; (b) 0À05-5% of a comonomer containing two non-conjugated olefinic bands; (c) 60-89À95% of a C 1 -C 8  alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid; and (d) 0-10% of at least one other comonomer; the percentages being with reference to the total weight of all the monomer components, and part or all of the carboxyl groups in the copolymer being neutralized with ammonia. Suitable as comonomers (b) are the C 2 -C 6  alkylene diesters or C 1 -C 6  alkylene diamides of acrylic or methacrylic acid, diallyl ethers of C 2 -C 6  alkylene glycols, and diallyl esters of C 2 -C 6  alkylene dicarboxylic acids and of phthalic acids. The optional comonomers (d) include (meth)acrylamide- (meth)acrylonitrile, vinyl esters of C 2 -C 8  alkanoic acids, C 1 -C 4  alkyl vinyl ethers, vinyl or vinylidene chloride, styrene and butadiene. Dyes of all types are suitable for the print pastes, e.g. disperse dyes, basic dyes, acid dyes, reactive dyes and vat dyes (the latter in conjunction with reducing agents). The pastes may optionally include assistants such as wetting agents, e.g. water-soluble alcohols, binders, e.g. acrylic ester copolymers, conventional thickeners, e.g. ammonium polyacrylates, organic liquids for forming oil-in-water emulsions, and emulsifiers. In the examples the thickener used is a partial ammonium salt of an acrylic acidbutanediol diacrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymer.
Patent GB-1537149-A (GB)
Title: Pipe-handling apparatus
IPC: B23K37/053
Filed: 1976-03-25
Abstract: 1537149 Welding by fusion SAIPEM SpA 25 March 1976 [28 March 1975] 12142/76 Heading B3R In clamping means for internally clamping and aligning two sections of pipe, to be butt welded together end-to-end, on land or in sea, and comprising a frame 6 provided with radially outwardly movable pipe-engaging clamping shoes 7, 8 respectively engageable with pipe sections 3, 11, the shoes 8 are axially movable with respect to the frame 6 to provide for drawing the pipe section 11 axially up to the section 3. The shoes 7, 8 have roughened or indented faces 46 and are tiltably mounted on columns 44, 19 dovetail-connected to axially movable camming wedges 41, 43, 52. The wedges 41, 43 are respectively fast wth a piston 33 and a double-acting cyinder thereof both of which are axially slidable on a frame spine 28. The wedge 52 is fast with an axially slidable piston in a double-acting cylinder 18 carrying the columns 19. The cylinder 18 is provided with bearing balls 53 to be axially slidable, by hand or electric motor, on both the frame spine and an axially slidable double-acting cylinder 17 the piston 56 of which is fast with the frame spine. The cylinders are hydraulically energized, by an electric motor driven pump 25, under control of valves 38, 39, 51, 61. The frame is provided with pipe engaging driving and guiding wheels 9, 10, the wheels 9 being reversibly electric motor driven and the wheel 10 being outwardly urged by springs (not shown). The frame is provided with a lifting eye 23 and a safety cable attachment ring 21. A frame socket 22 is provided for connection of electric power and motor and valve control cables. In operation, (i) the frame is moved rightwardly through the pipe section 3 into the pipe section 11 aligned therewith and spaced therefrom, and the cylinders 17, 18 are sequentially extended rightwardly; (ii) the shoes 7, 8 are sequentially extended to clampingly engage the pipe sections 3, 11; and (iii) the cylinder 17 is leftwardly moved to abut and thereafter leftwardly carry along the cylinder 18 to cause the clamped pipe section 11 to be drawn towards the pipe section 3 until it abuts the latter or is suitably spaced therefrom. The shoes, may, alternatively, be actuated mechanically. The pipe lengths 3, 11 have a concrete coating 31 for weighting purposes.
Patent GB-746488-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of new steroid compounds
Inventor: WALKER THOMAS
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1953-05-01
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the formula <FORM:0746488/IV(a)/1> (where R and R1 each represent an acyl radical, preferably an alkylacyl radical of 1-4 carbon atoms or a benzoyl group) and a process for their preparation by rearranging a 17:21-diester of 2:2 - dibromoallopregnan - 17a :21 - diol - 3:11:20-trione by treatment with hydrogen bromide in an inert, preferably non-polar, solvent, e.g. chloroform, ethyl bromide and methylene chloride. The 2:2-dibromo compound may be prepared by bromination of a 17:21 - diester of allopregnan - 17a :21 - diol - 3:11:20-trione, its 2-bromo-derivative, or its D 2-enol acylate, and the two-step process is preferably carried out without isolation of the intermediate 2:2-dibromo compound.  In examples: (1) 17a :21 - diacetoxy - allopregnan - 3:11:20-trione is brominated in chloroform in the presence of hydrogen bromide to yield 17a :21-diacetoxy - 2:4 - dibromoallopregnan-3:11:20-trione; (2) 3:17a :21-triacetoxyallopregn-2-en-11:20-dione is brominated as in (1) to yield the same product; (3) 2-bromo-17a :21-diacetoxyallopregnan-3:11:20-trione is brominated in acetic acid containing potassium acetate to yield the corresponding 2:2-dibromo compound, which is then rearranged with hydrogen bromide in chloroform to the 2:4-dibromo isomer, also obtained (4) by direct bromination of 2-bromo-17a :21-diacetoxyallopregnan-3:11:20-trione as in (1).  3:17a :21 -Triacetoxypregn-2-en-11:20-dione is prepared by treating 21 - acetoxy - 17a -hydroxyallopregnan - 3:11:20 - trione with perchloric acid and acetic anhydride in benzene, and 2 - bromo - 17a :21 - diacetoxyallopregnan - 3:11:20-trione by bromination of the above triacetoxy compound in glacial acetic acid.
Patent GB-515048-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the cooling of propeller-shaft stern-tube bearings
IPC: B63H23/36
Filed: 1938-04-22
Abstract: 515,048. Cooling and lubricating stern tube bearings. PAINE, H. SCOTT-, and THOMAS, G. H. S. April 22, 1938, No. 12157. [Classes 12 (i) and 12 (iii)] [Also in Group XXXIII] Water, for cooling and lubricating, is circulated through the propeller-shaft stern-tube bearing of a boat by the action of a submerged scoop upon movement of the boat through the water. As shown, one or more pipes 7 are connected to the stern tube bearing 1 as near as possible to the usual water-tight gland fitted at the forward end thereof. The other end of each pipe 7 is fitted to an outlet scoop 9 screwed to the side 12 of the boat below the water line. A flexible rubber joint 8 is utilized. The orifice 11 of the scoop 9 opens aft, so that upon forward movement of the boat the suction created at the orifice 11 causes flow of water through the stern tube.
Patent GB-1465788-A (GB)
Title: Monolithic structure including a transistor
Inventor: BJORKLUND F L G
IPC: H01L27/00
Filed: 1974-03-19
Abstract: 1465788 Semi-conductor devices TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET L M ERICSSON 19 March 1974 [19 March 1973] 12196/74 Heading H1K A monolithic structure for transistors, which may also include other circuit components, comprises a lightly doped substrate 1 having a heavily doped subcollector region 2 of opposite conductivity to the substrate for each transistor, an epitaxial layer 3<SP>1</SP> lightly doped to be of the same conductivity type as the subcollector but re-doped through a major part 12 of its depth to be of opposite type, the part 12 being the transistor base and having an emitter region 5 formed therein of the same conductivity type as the subcollector 2; the epitaxial layer 3<SP>1</SP> also has heavily doped isolation regions 4 surrounding the subcollector to which the collector contact is made. In the NPN transistor and circuit resistor shown, the epitaxial layer 3<SP>1</SP> has a further, heavily doped, surface layer 13 of opposite conductivity type to the subcollector. In another arrangement the layer 13 is omitted. The surface of the epitaxial layer 3<SP>1</SP>, which may be of silicon, is covered by a layer 6 of silicon oxide in which windows 7-11 are formed to enable connection to be made to the emitter, base and collector of the transistor and to the resistor respectively. The doped regions 5, 12, 13 in the epitaxial layer may be produced by diffusion or ion implantation. The structure may also include diodes and capacitors.
Patent GB-311371-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric machines comprising rotary working tools
IPC: B23B45/00
Filed: 1929-04-19
Abstract: 311,371. Volet, R. A. L. May 10, 1928, [Convention date]. Driving arrangements. - A portable electric tool such as a drill has the tool spindle driven by toothed reduction gearing at least one member 22 or 25 of the train being cupped from sheet metal, the teeth being cut in the turned-up edge. Casings.-The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that the motor is constructed substantially as described in Specification 295,985 and provided with a switch which may be as described in Specification 311,320, [Class 80 (i), Gearing. Belt. &c.]. The parts are assembled substantially in an axial manner in the sectional casing the reduction gearing being enclosed in a separate compartment. A fixing screw 13 for the casing may be removed to give access for lubricating and is itself masked by a plug 18 which may be replaced by feeding or other devices.
Patent GB-271849-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sheet feed mechanism
IPC: B65H3/00
Filed: 1927-05-06
Abstract: 271,849. Spiess, G. May 27, 1926, [Convention date]. Sheet-separators; gripper mechanism; dropping-roller feeds.-In a sheet-feeding mechanism sheets are removed from the pile 1, Fig. 1, by means of suction devices 37, Figs. 4 and 5, arranged at the sides of the pile on independently mounted swinging arms 29 which are freely mounted and transversely adjustable on a shaft 13. Grippers 75, Fig. 11, grip the separated sheet which is then carried by the arms to rollers 26 driven by variable gearing from a shaft 9 which also drives the shaft 13, and finally rollers 27 carried by the arm 29 co-operate with the rollers 26 to advance the separated sheet. Each suction member 37 is mounted on a pivot 38 in a box-like member 36 attached to an extension 35 of a slide 31 which is mounted in a guide in arm 29 alongside of a slide 30 which is reciprocated by means of a link 57, lever 58. and cam 61 on a shaft 62 mounted in the lower end of arm 29 and geared to the shaft 13. A cam 65 on shaft 13 operates via lever 67, link 69, and freely mounted lever 70 to oscillate the arm 29. When it is desired to give the suction member 37 a tilting motion after it has engaged the pile, the slide 31 is fixed by a screw 32 to the arm 29, and when the slide 30 is reciprocated an abutment 50 on it engages a roller 49a on a lever 49 and rotates the shaft 34 upon which the lever is mounted. This shaft is connected by bevel gearing to a spring-controlled vertical shaft 43 fitted with a disc 44 for transmitting an anticlockwise motion to the suction member 37 about its pivot 38. A crank 79 on shaft 43 actuates bv link 78 a lever 74 fitted with the spring-controlled 'gripper 75 which is closed on the sheet by a cam-bar 72 linked to the suction member 37. The sheet is thus gripped to the members 37 and carried to roller 26, and on the return movement of the arm 29 the spring on shaft 43 returns the suction member and gripper to normal position. A sheet blower 87 is pivoted to shaft 13 and is laterally adjustable with arms 29.
Patent GB-494593-A (GB)
Title: The electrical control of window blinds and curtains
IPC: A47H5/032
Filed: 1937-04-29
Abstract: 494,593. Control of motors. WILTSHIRE, H. C., and WALTER, A. D. April 29, 1937, No. 12236. [Classes 38 (iii) and 38 (v)] [Also in Groups X and XIV] Travelling between predetermined limits,- Motor actuating means for a window blind or curtain is reversed by controlling switches 37, 39 in the field circuit, the switch 37 being automatically actuated by the motor and screwtraversed adjustable member 54, as shown in Fig. 7, or by nut 33, as shown in Fig. 2, at the end of the opening and closing movements, and the switch 39 being reversed by hand. The light circuit of the lamp 42 may be connected with the motor circuit so as to prevent the curtains or blind being opened when the lamp is on. This is effected by placing the lamp in parallel circuit with the curtain closing circuit, the switches 43 and 37, Fig. 5, being then in lowered position. When the switches 43, 37 are up the lights are extinguished and the curtain &c. opened. A connector for the lamp and motor switch may be in the form of a slotted plate 47, Fig. 6, by which when the light switch 45 is closed the motor circuit for closing the blind &c. is closed by the switch 46.
Patent GB-1047872-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for the production of semiconductor and other articles
IPC: B25B11/00
Filed: 1964-03-23
Abstract: 1,047,872. Semi-conductor devices; mass production processes. PHILCO CORPORATION. March 23, 1964 [March 21, 1963], No. 12242/64. Heading H1K. A wafer to be worked on-specifically a silicon wafer (Fig. 2, not shown) embodying a plurality of transistors to be separated by scribing along two sets of perpendicular lines L and L 1  and subsequently breaking the scribed wafer into diceis held by suction in position adjacent the working tool. In the machine shown in plan in Fig. 3 a scribing tool 11 is movable along a rectilinear guide 12 and a mounting 31 for the wafer is movable in a perpendicular direction by a nut- and-screw 51, 52. The mounting 31 consists of a base 15 mounted on a rectilinear guide 19, Fig. 4, an intermediate support 16 held to the base by suction introduced via pipe 32 and an upper support 17 held to the intermediate support by suction introduced independently via pipe 33. This latter suction also holds the wafer W on the upper support. The intermediate support 16 has two pairs 25, 26 and 26, 27 (see Fig. 3) of accurately perpendicular sides and the base 15 carries a mating right-angled locator 23-24: the wafer can thus be scribed in two perpendicular directions in turn. Accurate initial orientation of the upper support carrying the wafer is obtained with a microscope and, once this support has been secured on the intermediate support, the whole mounting is moved by manual rotation of knob 55 to set the tool 11 over the first line to be scribed. Thereafter the operation is automatic, screw 52 being intermittently driven by motor 57 in alternation with the transits of the scribing tool. A duplicate mounting assembly 23a enables a second wafer to be mounted on its intermediate and upper supports 16a and 17a and microscopically lined up thereon, so that the second wafer can replace the first without further adjustment.
Patent GB-812401-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to speed regulating systems for electrical machines
Inventor: HILL WILLIAM FRANK
IPC: H02P9/42
Filed: 1954-04-28
Abstract: 812,401. Automatic speed control systems. LANCASHIRE DYNAMO ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS Ltd. July 28, 1955 [April 28, 1954], No. 12278/54. Class 38 (4). In a system for automatically regulating the speed of an electrical machine, an A.C. reference signal and an A.C. signal dependent on the speed of the machine are each applied through separate frequency dividers to a phase discriminator the output of which, representing the speed error, regulates the speed of the machine. In Fig. 1 a D.C. motor M is supplied from three-phase mains through a transformer 15 and grid-controlled thyratron rectifiers V1-V3. Two control systems operating simultaneously maintain motor speed constant. In the first control system the output voltage of a tachometer alternator 18 is rectified and applied in opposition to the voltage from a speed-setting potentiometer 24 to the input of an amplifier 14 controlling the D.C. grid bias of rectifiers V1-V3. In the second control system the phase of a tachometer alternator G is compared with the phase of an A.C. signal obtained from a valvemaintained tuning fork 1, any error controlling rectifiers V1-V3 through amplifier 14. In this second control system the A.C. signal from the tuning fork is transformed into rectangular pulse form by a circuit including valve V9, differentiated by a resistance-capacity network 2, 4, frequency-divided by a circuit including a dekatron V10, and converted to sawtooth form by a circuit including valve V12a. The output of alternator G is transformed into rectangular pulse form by a circuit including valve V9a, differentiated by a second resistance-capacity network 2, 4, frequency divided by a circuit including a dekatron V10a, and the resulting pulses applied through a transformer 12 to render valves V12b and V14a conductive at each pulse so that a condenser 13 is charged to the instantaneous value of the sawtooth voltage output of valve V12a. The voltage across condenser 13 remains constant between pulses and, being representative of the phase error between motor M and the tuning fork 1, is applied through a cathode-follower valve V14b to amplifier 14. A modification in which motor M is supplied by a controlled generator in a Ward-Leonard arrangement is referred to.
Patent GB-253333-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to processes and apparatus for the lixiviation or extraction of solid substances by means of volatile solvents
IPC: B01D11/02
Filed: 1925-05-11
Abstract: 253,333. Rushen, P. C., (Krupp Gruson werk Akt..Ges., F.). May 11, 1925. Fats and fatty oils, extracting by solvents.-In continuous countercurrent extraction apparatus in which the residual solvent is at once. evaporated off, the extractor comprises a rotatable conical drum subdivided by perforated transverse partitions into compartments provided with lifting and conveyer blades. In the apparatus shown, the extractor comprises a tapering drum 3 provided with a worm conveyer or other feeder 40, perforated partitions 41, driving blades 42. conveying blades, an ejector blade. a discharging worm 4, solvent inlet and outlet pipes 45. 46, 47, a filter or strainer 12, a collecting chamber 13, rolling rims 48, and a tocthed driving rim 49. A pipe for rinsing the strainer 12 with pure, solvent to prevent choking may be fitted. Oil-seeds are fed by a heated worm-conveyer 1 and a charging device 2 to the extractor 3, and the exhausted seed is discharged through a pipe 5, an evaporator 6 for removing residnal solvent, and an outlet 7 to a conveyer 8. Solvent is pumped or forced from a tank 9 to the extractors 3 via a heater 11 provided with an automatic temperature regulator or via an intermediate vessel 52 and a pipe 53. The extract flows the strainer 12, a. pump 14. and a pipe 15 to a filter or separator 16 in which any solid particles carried over are retained, and then through a pipe 19 and a heater 20 to a still 23. The still vapours pass to a jet condenser 29 and a water separator 27. The solvent is recirculated through a pipe 34 to the tank 9 or by a pipe 54 to the vessel 52. The slime retained in the filter 16 is lixiviated or extracted in a vessel 18 to recover oil, and heated to recover solvent which is separated in the condenser 29, and separator 27. The heater 20 is heated by the vapours from the tanks 3, 6, which vapours are then drawn by a water-jet apparatus 24 through a separator 25. the condensed solvent passing to the water separator 27. The, vapours in the separator 27, filter 16, and condenser 29 pass through a pipe 35 to a column 36 in which they are washed with oil. Absorbed solvent is evaporated off in a still 38 and collected in the condenser 29 and separator 27.