Patent GB-191301413-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Automatic Electric Supply Systems.
Inventor: LEITNER HENRY
IPC: H02J7/34
Filed: 1913-01-17
Granted: 1914-02-17
Abstract: 1413. Leitner, H. Jan. 17. Systems of charging and discharging galvanic batteries ; starting prime-movers, dynamo-electric machines with control circuits for.-The dynamo of an electric supply system comprising an internal-combustion engine, a dynamo, a battery, and a lamp circuit, runs as a shunt machine at low load to charge the battery and supply the low loads, and as a compound-wound machine for loads greater than, say, one-quarter of the full output. The change from one mode of running to the other is effected by a relay, which also controls a resistance in the shunt field circuit and a fixed resistance between the battery and the lamps, and effects the starting of the engine, which is automatically stopped when the battery is fully charged. The engine is started by running the dynamo as a motor from the battery, and means are provided for breaking the circuit if the engine should fail to start in a given interval of time. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the dynamo B is driven by an internal-combustion engine A, and operates in conjunction with the battery C to supply the lamp circuit D. A relay E, the winding d of which is placed in the lamp circuit, is provided with two movable contacts e, e<1> and four pairs of fixed contacts 1, 2 ; 3, 4 ; 5, 6 ; 7, 8. A resistance K in the circuit of the shunt field winding J of the dynamo is placed across the contacts 3, 4, a lamp resistance H across the contacts 5, 6, and the series field winding I of the dynamo B across the contacts 7, 8. The control of the dynamo, to run as a starting-motor, is effected by a starting-relay F, the winding i of which is controlled by means of the relay E and a relay G ; the winding i being connected in series with a solenoid k, which controls a short-circuit on the sparking-plug l of the engine. In the position shown, the engine is not running, and the battery C is supplyirg the lamps through the resistance H and relay winding d. When the lamp load is sufficiently large, the relay E is operated to close the contacts 1, 2 ; 5, 6 and open the contacts 3, 4 ; 7, 8 ; thereby energizing the winding i of the relay F and solenoid k, short - circuiting the resistance H, introducing the resistance K, and removing the short-circuit about the field-winding I. The energization of the winding i causes an arm j to connect the dynamo B to the battery C, thereby causing it to run initially as a motor to start the engine, and finally as a compound-wound dynamo driven by the engine to supply the battery and lamps. When the lamp load falls to a predetermined value, the relay E again occupies the position shown ; but the dynamo B continues to run as a shunt-wound machine until the battery is fully charged, whereupon the armature g of the relay G is operated to open the circuit of the windings i, k to disconnect the dynamo from the battery and to stop the engine by shortcircuiting its sparking-plug l. In the modification shown in Fig. 2, the relay E controls only the resistance K and field-winding I, and is provided with a fine winding d' in addition to the winding d. The lamp resistance H is controlled by a relay L, the winding of which is controlled by a volt-meter M. The winding r of the volt-meter control M is connected across the battery C, and is arranged to close the circuit of the relay L through the contact s if the battery voltage is above normal, and to close the circuit of the starting - relay winding i through the contact t when the battery voltage falls below a predetermined value. A device N is provided for breaking the circuit between the battery C and the machine B if the machine be motored for a certain interval of time. The relay E may be constructed in the manner described in Specification 20,257/10, [Class 38 (v), Electric switches &c.]. The lamp resistance H may be replaced by a variable resistance controlled by an automatic regulator. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4, the shunt field resistance is in the form of a solenoid k controlling the series field winding I, while the engine-starter F consists of a relay i controlling the circuits of the relay G, operating coil i<1>, and shunt about the solenoid k. The coil i<1> through the arm j<1> controls the circuits of the dynamoelectric machine B and a shunt about a solenoid k' adapted to relieve the compression while the engine is starting.