baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-841145-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the preparation of ª‡-phenyl glutaric acid esters and of tetrahydro-oxo-naphthoic acid therefrom
IPC: C07C51/36
Filed: 1956-08-31
Abstract: Esters of a -phenyl glutaric acid are prepared by mixing a lower alkyl ester of a -phenyl acetic acid with 3-15 mols. per cent of a 1 : 4-addition catalyst, adding 2/3 -1\ba1/2 mols. of a lower alkyl ester of acrylic acid per mol. of phenyl acetic ester and maintaining the result-reaction mixture at -40 DEG  to +60 DEG  C.; the resulting esters may be hydrolysed to obtain a -phenyl glutaric acid.  The 1 : 4-addition catalysts are those utilizable in the conjugate addition of an activated carbon atom, bearing at least one hydrogen atom, across a pair of conjugated double bonds of a 1 : 4-unsaturated system; such catalysts include alkali metals, the oxides, hydroxides and hydrides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, quaternary ammonium bases and strongly basic ionexchange resins in their hydroxide or alkoxide forms. The term "lower" is used to denote alkyl groups containing not more than 8 carbon atoms.  The reaction of the phenyl acetate with the acylate may be effected in the presence of inert polar or non-polar solvents.  Polymerization inhibitors may be present. The catalyst is finally neutralized, salts removed and the desired ester recovered, suitably by solvent extraction with a chloroform-water system.  The free phenyl glutaric acid, obtained for example by refluxing the ester with aqueous alkali, acidification and solvent extraction, may be cyclised for example by treatment with H2SO4 in the absence of a solvent at 90-100 DEG  C., yielding 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-oxo-1-naphthoic acid. The latter may be hydrogenated at an elevated temperature under a pressure of at least 500 p.s.i. in the presence of a Raney nickel catalyst and a hydrogenation inert organic liquid to yield 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthoic acid.  A temperature of 110-150 DEG C. and a pressure of 500-2000 p.s.i. may be used.  The solvent may be a hydrocarbon, an aliphatic or cyclic ether or preferably a C1-6 alkanol; the acid formed may be isolated or esterified with the alkanol in solution.  In examples: (1) ethyl or isobutyl phenyl acetate is condensed with methyl, ethyl or isobutyl acrylate using a sodium or potassium alkoxide as catalyst at temperatures from -25 DEG to +35 DEG  C., additional catalyst being added sometimes to maintain the reaction rate and the resulting phenyl glutarates are isolated; (2) methyl ethyl a -phenyl glutarate obtained as in (1) is hydrolysed to the free acid which (4) is cyclized to tetrahydro-keto-naphthoic acid and this acid is (5) hydrogenated in ethanol and the resulting 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthoic acid is recovered, or (6) heated in its ethanolic solution with added H2SO4 to give the ethyl ester. Experiments describe the reaction of phenyl acetic acid ethyl ester with acrylonitrile and phenyl acetonitrile with methyl acrylate, using sodium methoxide as catalyst and gives the lower yield of phenyl glutarates ultimately prepared.
Patent GB-426001-A (GB)
Title: An indicator rose and stop for use in combination with rim or mortice latches
IPC: E05C1/16
Filed: 1933-09-28
Abstract: 426,001. Latches. LEGGE, F. V., Pinetrees, The Wergs, Wolverhampton, and LEGGE & CO., Ltd., J., Stafford Street, Willenhall, Staffordshire. Sept. 28, 1933, No. 26677. [Class 44] A spring-pressed sliding latch bolt H is adapted to be held shot or retracted by a flat metal strip c<1> which engages behind or in front of projections h<1> on the bolt when turned to the position shown in Fig. 4 by a lever arm C carried by a spindle c bearing in an extension of a rose plate B. The strip c<1>, which passes freely between the projections h' when it is parallel to the latch movement, is pivoted to the spindle c by a transverse split pin f, and is held in a central position by a spring F which serves also to press a washer E into a recess in the rose plate. The arm C moves between stops b<1> on the rose plate and covers the words " shut " and " open " according to the position of the strip c<1>, and is held in these positions by a rib or pip on the rose plate engaging grooves in the washer E, which is slidable but non- rotatable on the spindle c.
Patent GB-754513-A (GB)
Title: Production of expansible thermoplastics
IPC: C08J9/00
Filed: 1954-09-16
Abstract: Heat-expandable styrene polymers or copolymers are made by treating the polymers in finely-grained form, in a closed vessel, with a mixture of a major proportion of water and a minor proportion of a volatile aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon which is liquid at room temperature at a raised temperature which is below the softening point of the polymer.  Specified copolymerizable monomers are acrylonitrile, n-butyl acrylate, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylimidazole, N-vinylcaprolactam, vinyl methyl or vinyl isopropyl ketone, an alpha-methyl styrene, a terpolymer styreneacrylonitrile-N-vinylcarbazole being also specified, while a mixture of polystyrene, polyethylene and polyvinyl isobutyl ether is also described.  Specified hydrocarbons are pentane, hexane, heptane, petroleum ether, cyclopentane, and cyclohexane which may be diluted with methanol or ethanol or the monoethyl or monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol.  The products may be expanded by heating to above the boiling point of the raising agent and the softening point of the styrene polymer.
Patent GB-964077-A (GB)
Title: Film coated rod or wire traveller for ring spinning and twisting machines and methodof making the same
Inventor: MORIN LOUIS HUNTINGTON
IPC: D01H7/60
Filed: 1963-07-06
Abstract: 964,077. Injection moulding. J. & P. COATS Ltd. July 6, 1963, No. 26859/63. Heading B5A. [Also in Division D1] ] A traveller for textile spinning-apparatus comprises a rod or wire 20 with its ends 28, 29 and shank 26 having coatings of plastics material separated by a thread-engaging part 30, the ends 21, 24 of the rod &c. projecting beyond the coatings. To coat the wire it is placed in registering recesses in injection moulding dies 10, 10<SP>1</SP>, in each of which are arranged replaceable plugs 11, 12, 13, and a gate 37 with branches 38, 39. The plugs have cavities to receive the rod &c. which are enlarged where the coatings are to be formed, the enlarged portions being of the cross-section shown in Fig. 2 to provide a coating of irregular section, part being semicircular and the remainder thicker. A third branch of the gate may communicate with the plug 13.
Patent GB-784059-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of polyester amides
IPC: C08G69/44
Filed: 1955-03-17
Abstract: Polyesteramides suitable for coating textiles, paper and synthetic leather and for use as adhesives for metals are obtained by reacting phthalic anhydride with a basic reacting ethylene imine substituted in the N atoms by a hydrocarbon radical, e.g. alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or alkaryl radical. Compounds containing two or more imine radicals may be employed, e.g. compounds of the type: <FORM:0784059/IV (a)/1> The reaction is carried out from - 20 DEG  C. to + 220 DEG  C. in the presence of inert solvents.  The imine may be first reacted with the anhydride of a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having from 2-5 C atoms and then with the phthalic acid.  In examples: (1) 99 part N-n-butyl ethylene imine dissolved in 500 parts benzene are boiled under reflux and mixed with 148 parts phthalic anhydride in 1500 parts benzene; after reaction for two hours the product is cooled and the polyesteramide is precipitated as a light yellow resin; (2) N-cyclohexyl ethylene imine is used; (3) N-methyl ethylene imine is employed; (4) 45 parts of the reaction product of N-cyclohexyl ethylene imine and acetic acid having the formula: <FORM:0784059/IV (a)/2> is reacted with 33 parts phthalic acid.  The products are soluble in tetrahydrofurane butyl acetate or toluene.  Specification 466,270, [Group IV], also is referred to.
Patent GB-710660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hydraulic brake master-cylinders
IPC: B60T11/22
Filed: 1951-11-16
Abstract: 710,660. Hydraulic brakes. BRISSON, L. C. Nov. 16, 1951 [Jan. 23, 1951], No. 27003/51. Class 103(1) In a master cylinder for hydraulic brakes, the reservoir connection 5 communicates through a spacing member 10 formed with holes 11 with a space 14 between two seals 8 and 9, the space 14 being in communication with the pressure chamber through radial parts 13 in the inner end of the piston only when the piston is in its rearmost position corresponding to an idle condition of the brakes, this arrangement preventing backflow of liquid from within the master cylinder due to vapourization. A screwed plug 17 is provided at the highest part of the cylinder for air venting.
Patent GB-752622-A (GB)
Title: Multi-switch of the crossbar type
IPC: H04M3/64
Filed: 1954-09-17
Abstract: 752,622. Electric selectors. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Sept. 17, 1954 [Sept. 25, 1953], No. 27007/54. Class 40 (4). A11 the contact sets in a cross-bar switch can be operated or returned to normal in any desired sequence by devices individually assigned to the contact sets. The switch is particularly applicable to signal indicator boards where a large number or even a majority of lamps may be lit at one time. Downward movement of a select bar VS places finger MF between a projection MH and an arm of a Geneva device UK so that subsequent movement of an operating bar HS rotates the Geneva device UK through a right angle. Attached to the Geneva device is a flat member BT so that alternate operations of the Geneva device close and open the contact set BF.
Patent GB-1513971-A (GB)
Title: Assemblies for use in nuclear reactors
IPC: G21C3/322
Filed: 1976-06-29
Abstract: 1513971 Reactor core assemblies COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 29 June 1976 [2 July 1975] 27087/76 Heading G6C A reactor core assembly 1 comprises an open casing 4 housing a bunch of sheathed pencils (not shown) filled with fissile, fertile or neutronabsorbent material, and connected at its lower end by means of a spherical bearing surface 3 with a cylindrical locating shank 2' The shank 2 is disposed within a hollow upright 9 forming part of the core support grid 10 of a fast liquidmetal cooled reactor, and bears on the top part of the upright 9 via bearing surface 3. A plug 8 which closes the bottom end of the shank 2 is received in a recess 30 in the base of the upright 9. The upright 9 is formed with apertures 11 in alignment with similar apertures 7 in the shank 2 whereby liquid-metal coolant can flow into the shank 2, then up through the casing 4. The rate of flow of the liquid-metal coolant is regulated by a device 14 situated within the shank 2 and comprising either a single diaphragm 16 formed with an aperture 20 (Figure 2, l.h.s.) or a number, e.g. four, of diaphragms 16', 17, 18, 19 each formed with a number of apertures 20' (Figure 2, r.h.s.) through which the liquid metal flows with a given pressure drop. Where the assembly 1 comprises control or safety elements, the casing 4 forms a guiding sheath.
Patent GB-279635-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to turbines driven by a mixture of steam and water
IPC: F01K21/00
Filed: 1926-10-29
Abstract: 279,635. Brõuer, E. Oct. 29, 1926. Railway locomotives, steam. - A part of the coil constituting the high-pressure water heater 40 of a locomotive forms the walls of the fire-box, anether part being mounted in a wide fire tube 41. Steam and water mixture from the heater operates in turbines 43 driving the two rear trailing axles through gearing 44, the feed pump 45 being driven from a crank as shown. The exhaust steam from the turbine flows through a coil 51 in the lower half of the boiler 52, generating steam of lower pressure, which is led through a superheater 54 and pipes 55 to reciprocating engines 56 driving the two front axles. Specification 11060/02, [Class 122, Steam engines], is referred to.
Patent GB-1243551-A (GB)
Title: Compression relief for internal combustion engines
IPC: F01L1/08
Filed: 1968-06-07
Abstract: 1,243,551. Relieving compression. BRIGGS & STRATTON CORP. June 7, 1968, No.27174/68. Heading F1K. Means for facilitating starting of an internalcombustion engine comprises orifice means 16 providing an outlet from the engine combustion chamber through which gas can escape during the compression stroke, gas flow actuable valve means 10 operable to substantially close the outlet in response to the flow of gas through the orifice means and means 13 connected with the piston and operatively associated with the valve means for so controlling response of the valve means to rate of flow of gas through the orifice means that the valve means is actuated to its substantially closed position upon attainment of a critical value of rate of flow of gas through the orifice means, which critical value depends upon the position of the piston in the compression stroke and decreases through the compression stroke relative to the ratio of the piston velocity to crank-shaft velocity, the critical value approaching zero at a point in piston travel which precedes the end of the compression stroke and is no later than the point in the piston motion at which ignition is intended to occur. The invention is described as applied to an inlet valve 10 but it could be applied to an exhaust valve or even to a valve separate from the inlet and exhaust valves.
Patent GB-409683-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fluid-control valves
IPC: F16K11/16
Filed: 1932-09-30
Abstract: 409,683. Multiple-way valves. PARSONS MARINE STEAM TURBINE CO., Ltd., and COOK, S. S., Turbinia Works, Wallsend-on-Tyne. Sept. 30, 1932, No. 27244. [Class 135.] In a fluid control valve wherein a pair of interconnected valves, operated by a single spindle, provide that two ducts or passageways may be in. dividually put into communica tion with a thirc duct but not with each other, as in Fig. 1, one, 19, o: the valves is pro vided with i spindle 24 acte( on by a spring 16 disposed outside the valve casing The single opera tion screw spindle 7<a> engages a valve 19 of the lift type and screw through the other valve 32 which is of a tubular piston type. When the screw 7<a> has operated to close the valve 19 further rotation of the screw causes the valve 32 to move downwards thereby opening passage 11 to passage 13. Reverse rotation of the screw first closes valve 32 and then opens valve 19 giving communication between the passages 4 and 13. Passages 4 and 11 always remain isolated the one from the other. The above valve is specially suited for gland packings of the reservoir system for steam turbines &c. in which the reservoir is connected both to the live steam supply and to the condenser as in Specification 407,397, [Group XXVI], and where it is essential that no live steam passes directly to the condenser.
Patent GB-1192044-A (GB)
Title: Inhibiting Corrosion in Urea Synthesis Reactors
IPC: B01J19/02
Filed: 1967-06-13
Abstract: 1,192,044. Urea. LUMMUS CO. 13 June 1967 [13 June, 1966], No. 27315/67. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C7] Urea is synthesized by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide at a high temperature and pressure in the presence of a limited amount of oxygen and the process is carried out in an apparatus made of a fully austenitic steel, which is resistant to corrosion by the molten ammonium carbamate intermediate product and comprises :- with the balance, apart from carbon and impurities, being iron, in which the amounts of Mn + N, Ni + Mo or Ni+Mn+N are sufficient to stabilize the austenitic structure of the alloy.
Patent GB-1154923-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Two-Stroke Engines
Inventor: GRAB GUILLAUME
IPC: F02B33/04
Filed: 1966-06-18
Abstract: 1,154,923. Two stroke engines with charging pumps. G. GRAB. June 20, 1966, No.27318/66. Heading F1B. A two stroke engine comprises at least one pair of combustion cylinders 1, 2, and an associated pumping cylinder 10 the piston 11 of which operates at twice the rate of the working pistons 3, 4, for alternately charging the cylinders 1, 2, the inlet and outlet ports of the pump being controlled by a reciprocable sleeve valve 15. The piston 11 is connected to a crank-shaft 12 drivenat twicethe speed of the main crank-shaft 5 through gearing 13, 14. The sleeve valve 15 is reciprocated from the crank-shaft 5 through connecting rods 16 having openings straddling the shaft 12. The transfer passages 20, 21 controlling ports 19 in the valve 15, have outlet ports 7 which direct the charge of air or fuel-air mixture towards the cylinder heads. The sleeve valve 15 which is preferably of aluminium and chromium plated is lubricated by oil supplied to a cavity in the head around the upper end of the sleeve. A nozzle (25) Fig. 2 (not shown) supplies extra air to the pump inlet port 22.
Patent GB-205983-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rotary pulp strainers
IPC: D21D5/06
Filed: 1922-10-10
Abstract: 205,983. Jonsson, C. H. Oct. 10, 1922. Rotary strainers.-A rotary strainer for paper pulp, wood pulp &c. comprises a stationary vat 2 of polygonal or irregular cross-section, and a straining drum 1, also of polygonal or irregular cross-section, adapted to rotate in the vat. The form of the vat may be determined by longitudinal ribs 3, Fig. 2, and the drum may be provided with internal longitudinal wings 5, Fig. 3, and also with external wings.
Patent GB-471085-A (GB)
Title: A pressure operated star-delta controller for electric motors driving gas compressors
IPC: G05D16/20
Filed: 1936-10-09
Abstract: 471,085. Automatic control systems. HUNDT & WEBER GES. Oct. 9, 1936, No. 27457. Convention date, Oct. 11, 1935. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Group XXXVIII] Fluid pressure.-When the pressure in a compressed air pipe 1 falls, a switch 2 is closed to energize a relay 7 which operates a valve 3, and allows compressed air to operate through a piston in a cylinder 5 a switch spindle 16. This spindle operates to close a main switch 9 and to move a change-over switch 10 to its upper position so that the electric compressor motor is started in star connection. The motor is started free of load. When the switch 9 is closed, an auxiliary cam switch 20 is closed to energize a thermal relay 33 which after a time interval closes contacts to energize a relay 8 which operates through a link 30 on a pawl 18 to free the switch 10 from the spindle 16. A spring thereupon operates the switch 10 to its lower position and the delta connections are made, the compressor motor being at the same time loaded by operation of the valve 4. When the pressure in the pipe 1 attains its maximum value, the switch 2 is opened and the relay 8 de-energized to operate the valve 4, and relieve the compressor motor of load. After a time interval, the thermal relay 33 operates to de-energize the relay 7 which uncouples the switch 9 from the shaft 16. Thus the main switch is opened by its spring 27 and the valve 3 is operated to cause the piston in the cylinder 5 to return the spindle to its initial position. A pawl 23 locks the spindle 16 if the pressure in the pipe 1 is less than that necessary to operate fully the switches 9, 10.
Patent GB-827338-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for dispensing articles
IPC: G07F11/54
Filed: 1957-08-30
Abstract: 827,338. Vending apparatus. HEALEY, C., PARKER, J. F., and SHELLEY, G. E. Aug. 29. 1958 [Aug. 30, 1957], No. 27457/57. Class 27 Apparatus, which may be coin-freed for dispensing articles or groups of articles from a series of compartments arranged around a central tube 1 comprises a rotatable member 7 with radial partitions 9 forming compartments 10 any of which may be selected and brought into alignment with a discharge opening 2 in the wall of the tube. Each compartment has an opening at its inner end and means 26, 27 for tilting the base 11 of the selected compartment so that the contents are discharged through the opening 2 to a delivery shoot 3. The serrated top edge of the tube 1 is engaged by a spring-loaded pawl 25 to locate positively the selected compartment opposite the discharge opening 2, the compartments being turned by a handle 16 at the top of a square-sectioned vertical member 15. The operating handle 26 may be released on the insertion of a coin in a slot 28 to free a known form of locking mechanism; the opening 2 may be closed by a door which may be opened simultaneously with the tilting of the base 11 of the compartment on the operation of the handle 26, and closed by springs on the release of the handle. The compartments 10 are enclosed by a cover 14, including a transparent portion which may be rotatable with the goods holder, to prevent access to the compartments. The transparent portion of the cover is located in its protective position or in a raised position for permitting access for loading by flanges 17 or the vertical member 15 engagable by locating pins 18 to secure the cover 14 in either its raised or lowered position; the pins 18 are movable by a pull-rod 21, access to which may be provided by a lockable door in the lower part of the casing. The apparatus may comprise a plurality of rotary holders. each having circumferentially arranged compartments and each provided with means for selecting and discharging its contents, the holders being mounted co-axially and about a common central drum, or on annular tracks on the outer casing. Articles may be discharged automatically on the insertion of a coin or they may be discharged manually by mechanism released by the insertion of a coin.
Patent GB-1181224-A (GB)
Title: Gearing and Lubricating Means Therefor
Inventor: HODGES JOHN EDMUND
IPC: F04C2/08
Filed: 1966-06-20
Abstract: 1,181,224. Lubricating. DOWTY HYDRAULIC UNITS Ltd. 15 June, 1967 [20 June, 1966], No. 27494/66. Heading F2A. [Also in Division F1] Shafts of meshing gears are mounted in bushes each having a lubricant-groove formed in the bore thereof and an inlet conveniently located in a side thereof, said inlet connecting to the lubricant groove and to a space formed between the meshing teeth, which space increases in volume as the teeth pass by, thus creating a suction effect and causing lubricant to be drawn through said inlet via said lubricant-groove so as to lubricate the shafts as they run in the bushes. In an embodiment, a gear pump 10, Fig. 1, has a casing 11 having an inlet port 12, Fig. 3, and an outlet port 13. Gears 14 and 15, Fig. 1, are mounted on shafts 16, 17, and 18, 19, respectively. The latter are supported by pairs of bushes 20, 21, and 22, 23, which are of "D"- shaped cross-section. Each bush is provided with a lubricant-groove 46, Fig. 3, in its bore 47 and with a port 52 in its side-face 44. The port 52 in one bush may be connected to a port 52 in the adjacent bush by means of a groove 53. In operation, suction caused by the expanding space between the meshing teeth causes lubricant to flow from said space, through a radiallydirected slot 45 in the side-face 44 of each bush; part-way around relief recesses 38, 39, 40 and 4] formed in the shafts 16, 17, 18 and 19, respectively ; along the groove 46 of each bush into a respective chamber 36, 37, 42 or 43 in the casing 11; and finally into the respective port 52 and interconnecting groove 53, via a respective recess 49, Fig. 2, and respective hole 48 formed in each bush.