Patent GB-770804-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rubber treatment
IPC: C08K5/02
Filed: 1955-05-31
Abstract: A vulcanizate of low torsional hysteresis and high electrical resistivity is prepared by mixing synthetic rubber with a large amount of carbon black and a small amount of carbon tetrabromide, heating the mixture at a temperature of at least 275 DEG  F., but below that at which the rubber would be harmed by thermal decomposition, masticating the mixture either during, subsequent to, or alternately with the heat treatment, and incorporating vulcanizing and other ingredients, shaping, and vulcanizing. Preferably 0.75 to 5 parts by weight of carbon tetrabromide and 40 to 100 parts carbon black are masticated with 100 parts synthetic rubber on a mill or in an internal mixer.  To avoid premature reaction of the carbon tetrabromide with the rubber, the former is incorporated in the rubber at relatively low temperature, e.g. below 250 DEG  F.  The synthetic rubber may comprise a polymer of a conjugated diolefin, e.g. butadiene or isoprene, or a copolymer of butadiene with styrene, isobutylene, a -methyl styrene, acrylonitrile, a monovinylpyridine, ethyl acrylate, methyl vinyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, or methyl acrylate or methacrylate.  U.S.A.  Specification 2,118,601 is referred to.ALSO:A vulcanizate of low torsional hysteresis and high electrical resistivity is prepared by mixing natural or synthetic rubber with a large amount of carbon black and a small amount of carbon tetrabromide, heating the mixture at a temperature of at least 275 DEG F. but below that at which the rubber would be harmed by thermal decomposition, masticating the mixture either during, subsequent to, or alternately with the heat treatment, and incorporating vulcanizing, and other ingredients, shaping, and vulcanizing.  Preferably 0,75 to 5 parts by weight of carbon-tetrabromide and 40 to 100 parts carbon black are masticated with 100 parts natural or synthetic rubber on a mill or in an internal mixer.  To avoid premature reaction of the carbon tetrabromide with the rubber the former is incorporated in the rubber at a relatively low temperature, e.g. below 250 DEG F.  The synthetic rubber may comprise a polymer of a conjugated diolefin, e.g. butadiene or isoprene, or a copolymer of butadiene with styrene, isobutylene, a -methyl styrene, acrylonitrile, a monovinylpyridine, ethyl acrylate, methyl vinyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, or methyl acrylate or methacrylate.  In one example 3,3 parts of carbon tetrabromide is added on a two-roll mill at a temperature below 250 DEG F. to a mixture of 100 parts natural rubber, 50 parts carbon black, and 5 parts stearic acid. The mill temperature is then raised to 300 DEG F. and the mixture is masticated for 10 minutes.  The mill is then cooled to 150 DEG  to 200 DEG F. and vulcanizing and filler ingredients added.  The mixture is then vulcanizid in a mould.  In other examples the mixture subjected to mastication and heat treatment comprises (1) 100 parts butadiene-styrene, 55 parts carbou black, 6 parts hydrocarbon oil, and 3,3 parts carbon tetrabromide, (2) 100 parts isoprene-isobutylene copolymer, 50 parts carbon black, and 1,5 parts carbon tetrabromide, and (3) 100 parts of butadiene-acrylonitrile, 50 parts carbon black, and 1,25 parts carbon tetrabromide.  U.S.A. Specification 2,118,601 is referred to.