Patent GB-499144-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of sulphonation products
IPC: C07C309/03
Filed: 1937-07-15
Abstract: Sulphonation products obtained by reacting a sulphonating agent with a poly-ester produced by the complete esterification of an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound, free from other substituents, with a mixture of saturated carboxylic acids containing at least 5 carbon atoms, obtained by the oxidation of a mixture of non-aromatic hydrocarbons, have a high emulsifying power and can be used in the form of emulsions.ALSO:Sulphonation products are obtained by reacting a sulphonating agent with a poly-ester produced by the complete esterification of an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound, free from other substituents, with a mixture of saturated carboxylic acids containing at least 5 carbon atoms obtained by the oxidation of a mixture of non-aromatic hydrocarbons.  Polyhydroxy compounds specified are glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, pentaerythritol, hexitols, e.g. mannitol and sorbitol, and mixtures thereof, and mixtures of poly-alcohols such as are formed by condensing formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, &c. and hydrogenating the products or by hydrogenating carbohydrates such as cane sugar.  Hydrocarbon mixtures which yield suitable oxidation products are petroleum fractions, paraffin oil, hard paraffin, those formed by hydrogenating coal under pressure and by-products in the synthetic production of benzine by the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.  The carboxylic acids obtained according to the processes described in Specification 310,069, [Class 2 (iii)], may be used.  Esters are prepared from the above components by the usual methods.  They may be sulphonated in the absence or presence of a solvent such as cyclohexane, dioxane, carbon tetrachloride or trichlorethylene, with sulphuric acid monohydrate, fuming sulphuric acid, chlorosulphonic acid, sulphuric anhydride, &c. In examples: (1) the acid chlorides of a mixture of saturated carboxylic acids obtained by oxidizing paraffin are heated with trimethylol-propane and the product, after purification, is sulphonated; (2) saturated carboxylic acids obtained by oxidizing paraffin are esterified by a mixture of polyhydric alcohols obtained by catalytically hydrogenating cane sugar and the product, after purification, is sulphonated; (3) and (4) acids obtained in the same way as in (1) are esterified with pentaerythritol or a mixture of alcohols (mainly hexanetriols and octanetetrols) obtained as a by-product in the preparation of 1 : 3-butylene glycol by condensation of acetaldehyde and hydrogenation, and sulphonated.  The products have capillary-active properties and high wetting and emulsifying powers.  They are suitable for the treatment of textile materials, leather, paper, &c. and can be used, if desired, in the form of emulsions, as softening, oiling and greasing agents for textiles, such as wool, cotton, artificial silk and rayon staple fibre, and for oiling leather.  Some have a washing effect.  They may be used alone, mixed with one another or mixed with soap, textile adjuvants, mucilage, glue, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, starch, bentonite, organic solvents, e.g. butanol, xylenyl-glycol, inorganic salts, e.g. Glauber's salt, sodium carbonate, pyrophosphate or metaphosphate, trisodium phosphate, or with agents yielding oxygen, e.g. sodium perborate, perpyrophosphate or hypochlorite.