baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-132276-A (GB)
IPC: B23D21/08
Abstract: 132,276. Humphris, F. Sept. 18, 1917. Pipe-cutters.-Relates to pipe-cutters of 'the kind in which the sliding jaw is on the side of the handle remote from the fixed jaw and is operated by a member moving longitudinally of the handle, and consists in arranging the movable jaw so that it moves at an inclination to the axis of the handle. In the pipe wrench shown in Fig. 4, the fixed jaw f is welded, riveted, or otherwise secured in the body g of the tool, and the shank a<6> of the sliding jaw a is arranged in an inclined guide in the body g and is connected by a link e to a screw d operated by a nut b. The nut b is provided with ridges b<1> engaging grooves c<1> in the handle part c of the body g to prevent longitudinal movement and is rigidly connected to an operating sleeve h by a screw i and interengaging serrations formed on the conical parts b<3>, h<1> of the nut and sleeve. The body g is formed in two similar parts Fig. 5, shaped at their upper ends to form hooks g<3> adapted to engage in a groove in the shank a<6> and thus guide the shank in its movements. In the pipe-cutter, Fig. 6, two cutting disks j are pivoted in recesses in, or are pivoted on the sides of, the jaws a, f. Owing to the inclined movement of the shank a<6>, only three of the disks coact to cut pipes of small diameter, whereas, for large pipes, the four disks come into operation.
Patent GB-710999-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and apparatus for the gasification of coarse-pieced and fine grained fuels
IPC: C10J3/30
Filed: 1952-05-26
Abstract: 710,999. Gasifying solid carbonaceousfuels; charging gas producers. BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK. May 26, 1952 [May 30. 1951.], No. 13240/52. Classes 51 (1), 51 (2) and 55 (1) In a process for the gasification of coarsepieced and small-grained fuels, the coarse-pieced fuels are fed into the top of a run-off gasproducer to form a static bed of fuel to which the small-grained fuel is fed directly by means of an externally cooled worm conveyer or cooled piston, oxygen or free oxygen-containing gases with or without other gasifying agents being fed to the producer at the same time through passages associated with the small-grained feeding device and in such a manner that the smallgrained fuel is brought into intimate contact with the gasifying agent immediately at the outlet of the passages through which the gasifying agent is fed. The feeding device for the small-grained fuel may comprise a worm conveyer 2 having a housing provided with a cooling jacket 3 through which water is circulated and a passage 6 through which the gasifying agents are supplied. The pitch of the helical thread of the conveyer preferably increases towards the outlet end and a space 5 which is filled with small-grained fuel protects the conveyer from the high temperature of the fuel bed within the producer. Wedgeshaped grooves extending longitudinally thereof are provided on the inside of the conveyer housing to prevent rotation of the fuel. The small-pieced fuels may be mixed with oils or appropriate additions may be made to the coarsepieced fuel to allow, simultaneously with the gasification of the fuels, the production of carbides, alumina cement, ferrosilicon or other substances produced by fusion at very high temperatures. Temperatures. of 1500‹C. or more are obtained in the fuel bed.
Patent GB-486256-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods of making vacuum tight connections between metal and ceramicsubstances
IPC: H01J5/42
Filed: 1937-05-10
Abstract: 486,256. Sealing metal to ceramic material by heat. BRITISH THOMSONHOUSTON CO., Ltd. May 10, 1937, No. 13296. Convention date, May 12, 1936. [Class 36] A process for making vacuum-tight connections between metal and ceramic substances comprises filling the space between both substances at the point of connection with an easily fusible metal or solder, heating the substances in a vacuum furnace up to or above the melting temperature of the solder and, after melting the solder, admitting a neutral gas, preferably hydrogen, into the furnace at a pressure of one or several atmospheres to increase the pressure acting on the surface of the solder. The example shows a sealed leading- in arrangement into a metal discharge vessel 7, wherein a ceramic sleeve 1 of porcelain, steatite, or the like is sealed between a metal tube 2 and cap 3, the tube 2 being welded to the vessel 7. Annular grooves 5 are provided in the ceramic sleeve 1 to receive a soldering medium such as silver and, to prevent the solder from being attacked by mercury vapour when the device is in use, a packing material such as a glass flux, metal oxide, or asbestos, is located within annular slots 4. Alternatively the annular grooves may be provided in the metal parts, so that a smooth insulator may be used. The soldering medium is placed in the form of wire ribbon or powder.
Patent GB-1490685-A (GB)
Title: Earthworking bowl type scraper vehicles
IPC: B60G17/005
Filed: 1976-04-01
Abstract: 1490685 Earth-moving bowl type scrapers INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO 1 April 1976 13299/76 Heading E1F A lockable hydraulic mechanical suspension system is provided between the tractor and the bowl of an earth-moving bowl type scraper vehicle for damping out shock loads during transport of earth in the bowl while also acting as a rigid connection when the bowl is involved in scraping operations. The vehicle comprises a tractor 22 and a bowl pivotally connected to the tractor and supported from the tractor by a suspension system including a hydraulic jack 26 for controlling the vertical position of the bowl, which is supported at its rear by driven wheels. The suspension system further comprises a lever 42 pivoted at 60 to the jack 26, a hydraulic ram 44 pivoted at 58 to the lever 42, a variable spring rate shock absorber 46 rigidly attached at 48, 50 to the tractor 22, pivotally attached at 52 to the ram 44, and pivotally supporting at 56 and connected at 54 to the lever 42, and control means operable to lock up the ram 44. Preferably the suspension system is duplicated on each side of the vehicle. The control means then includes a hydraulic fluid reservoir 86, a large pump 84, a first conduit system 88 connecting the pump to said rams a first control mechanism 100 in the system 88, the mechanism 100 having spool valve means 102 for either connecting the head ends 62 to the rod ends 64 of the cylinders of the rams 44 or the rod ends to each other and the head ends to each other and actuator means 104 for controlling the setting of the spool valve, a second conduit system 106 connecting the rams 44 to the reservoir, a second control mechanism 108 interposed in the second conduit system, the second control mechanism 108 having spool valve means 112 for permitting of selective connection to or blocking from the reservoir of the rams 44. The shock absorber 46 includes a housing 70, a spring 74 supported by the housing and responsive to motion of the lever 42, a series of elastomer pads 76 also responsive to the motion of the lever and supported by the housing and rod means 77 slidably supported within the housing and pivotally attached at 54 to the lever 42 for supporting the pads. Preferably the spring 74 is located within the housing 70 about the pads.
Patent GB-437652-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of potassium sulphate
IPC: C01D5/10
Filed: 1934-05-02
Abstract: Potassium sulphate and/or the double salt K2SO4.CaSO4.H2O are obtained by the reaction of excess of the necessary potassium chloride with calcium sulphate in ammoniacal aqueous medium.  The calcium sulphate and/or the ammonia may be added to the reaction mixture in stages with or without the intermediate separation of the solid product of the preceding stage.  If the reaction is conducted so as to produce the double salt, this may be separated and treated by extraction with hot or cold water &c. to yield gypsum, anhydrite and/or the penta-calcium double salt K2SO4.CaSO4.H2O and a solution of potassium sulphate.  A two stage counter-current extraction may be used.  The resulting penta-calcium double salt, anhydrite and gypsum may be used in the process together with fresh calcium sulphate, the anhydrite and/or penta-calcium double salt being preferably added in the preliminary stages of the reaction.  The process may be conducted at about ordinary temperature.  The potassium sulphate may be precipitated from its aqueous solution by means of ammonia.  The ammoniacal mother liquor may be used for conducting the main reaction or the ammonia may be removed and the resulting liquor used for the extraction of further quantities of the double salt K2SO4.CaSO4.H2O. Alternatively, the potassium sulphate may be recovered by evaporation or by crystallization, the mother liquor being employed for extracting fresh quantities of the double salt.  The potassium chloride employed may contain sodium chloride.
Patent GB-1090311-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor diodes
Inventor: KAHNG DAWSON
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1965-03-30
Abstract: 1,090,311. Semi-conductor devices. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. March 30, 1965 [March 30, 1964], No. 13367/65. Heading H1K. A diode comprises a body 11 of semi-conductor material coated on one surface with an oxide layer 12 having an opening therethrough to expose a portion of the semi-conductor surface, a layer 13 of a first metal overlying the oxide layer 12 round the opening, a layer 14 of a second metal overlying the first, and a surface barrier layer overlying the semi-conductor surface within the opening. The semi-conductor material is silicon or gallium arsenide and the barrier layer may be formed by the first metal layer 13 (of chromium, titanium, vanadium, or zirconium) extending across the opening (Fig. 2, not shown), or, after heating, by the second metal layer 14 (of palladium, nickel, copper, rhodium, platinum, tungsten, or molybdenum) which then penetrates through the first (Fig. 3, not shown), or, after further heating, as shown, by a layer 17 (e.g. of palladium silicide) produced by a solid-state reaction between the second metal layer 14 and the semi-conductor material. A third layer 15 of silver or of the second metal has a thin coating 16 of gold.
Patent GB-586759-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the surface coating of sheet material consisting of or coated with polyvinyl chloride
IPC: C08L33/12
Filed: 1944-07-13
Abstract: A sheet material consisting of, or coated with polyvinyl chloride has a surface layer containing an interpolymer of methacrylic acid and a methacrylic ester of a saturated aliphatic alcohol containing 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms.  The surface layer may also contain polymerized methyl methacrylate and also a ureaformaldehyde resin, an alcohol (e.g. butanol) modified urea-formaldehyde resin, a melamineformaldehyde resin, dimethylol urea or a dialkyl ether of dimethylol urea.  When one of these amino compounds is present polyvinyl chloride may also be added. A pigment such as lithopone may also be added.  The surface layer may be embossed and a two-colour effect layer applied consisting of carbon black, polymerized methyl methacrylate and a mixture of benzene and industrial spirit.  In this case the presence of polyvinyl chloride in the surface layer is an advantage.  The surface layer is applied as a solution or dispersion in a volatile organic solvent such as a mixture of acetone, benzene, and industrial spirit, or such as methyl ethyl ketone.  It is applied to the polyvinyl chloride substrate while the latter is in a partially gelatinized condition.  The substrate may also contain interpolymers with other vinyl esters, acrylic or methacrylic esters or ethyl fumarate or dialkyl esters of dibasic unsaturated acids. Specifications 571,227 and 574,157, [Group XVI], are referred to.
Patent GB-135407-A (GB)
IPC: A44B1/18
Abstract: 135,407. Bell, O. D. March 24, 1919. Cleats.-A fastener element or cleat for securing a button or loop to a garment, &c., by means of a flexible fastening medium 12, comprises a plate 10 with an approximately central hole 11 of comparatively small diameter, re-entrant or undercut recesses 13 in diametrically opposite edges, and a radial slot 14 extending from the edge 20 to the hole 11, the recesses 13 being out of communication with the bole 11. An additional hole 15 may be provided, as shown in Fig. G.
Patent GB-543943-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in frequency-modulated radio altimeters
IPC: G01S19/40
Filed: 1940-08-31
Abstract: 543,943. Radio echo apparatus condensers. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO., Ltd. Aug. 31, 1940, No. 13698. Convention date, Sept 1, 1939. [Class 37] In a frequency modulated radio altimeter the modulation band is made inversely proportional to the altitude so as to improve the ratio of signal to amplifier noise by decreasing the modulation band width as the signal strength diminishes. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 a heterodyne receiver 1 is connected through an amplifier 3 to a frequency meter 5 of the electronic type. The frequency meter output is connected to a D.C. amplifier 7 which controls the gain of a low frequency amplifier 9. The input of the low frequency amplifier is connected to a low frequency oscillator 11 and the amplifier output is applied to a frequency modulator 13 which is connected to a radio transmitter 15 and an A.C. voltmeter 17. The frequency modulator 13 may be of the variable capacitor type shown in Fig. 3. A pair of stationary capacitor plates 19, 21 is secured by insulating posts 39 to a frame 23 on which is mounted an electromechanical motor 25. The movable element of the motor reciprocates vertically and carries a movable capacitor plate 29. The resulting variation in capacitance is applied to the transmitter to vary its instantaneous frequency. Alternatively inductive variation may be used and may be applied by means of a motor or electronically. The altitude is measured in terms of the A.C. voltage or current applied to the frequency modulator. The A.C. voltmeter 17 may be calibrated directly in altitudes. Voltage or current corresponding to the altitude may alternatively be measured at other points in the system such as the controlling bias or voltage.
Patent GB-419219-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to percussive pneumatic tools
IPC: B25D9/18
Filed: 1933-05-11
Abstract: 419,219. Valve-gear for percussive tools. PETTIT, W. R., MILLER, E. W., and HOWARD PNEUMATIC ENGINEERING CO., Ltd., 36, Victoria Street, London. May 11, 1933, No. 13764. [Class 122 (ii).] A pneumatically-operated percussive tool is provided with a differential piston valve arranged at the end or on the side of the cylinder comprising three parts, a small head V<1>, a larger head V<2> and a spacing element M. The head V<1> is subjected constantly to fluidpressure, and the head V<2> is acted upon by cylinder compression to move the valve to the left. The head V<1> alternately connects the forward end of the cylinder to supply by passage A, F and with the exhaust by passages F, D and port C. The head V<2> puts the rear cylinder end alternately to pressure through a port E and passage X, and to auxiliary exhaust through a passage B and port C. The rear main exhaust takes place through port G. When the piston moving rearwardly closes port B<1> the compression reverses the valve, and when, in moving forwardly, it uncovers the port G, the pressure acting on the head V<1> moves the valve to the right. The heads are formed of ground and hardened bearing rollers, and the spacing member is of cylindrical or ball form.
Patent GB-566553-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with sleepers for railway permanent ways
IPC: E01B3/46
Filed: 1943-08-24
Abstract: 566,553. Railway sleepers. FLETCHER, B. P., and CHASTON, D. M. Aug. 24, 1943, No. 13782. [Class 104 (ii)] A sleeper consists of two pads 4 of concrete, cast iron, timber, &c. connected by a light tie 1 of timber &c., the chairs being anchored thereto by rag bolts 5 embedded in the pads and passing through holes in the tie 1 and the chairs. The pads may be fixed to the tie 1 by rings &c. of teeth 9 and two pads may be provided at each end of the tie.
Patent GB-514531-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of triarylmethane dyestuffs
IPC: C09B11/26
Filed: 1938-05-09
Abstract: 514,531. Dyes ; intermediates. GROVES, W. W. (I.G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). May 9, 1938, No. 13796. [Class 2 (iii)] Triarylmethane dyestuffs, which dye wool from an acid bath greenish shades, are prepared by condensing a 4<1> - halogenbenzophenone-3- hydroxy - 4 - carboxylic acid with an alpha-arylindol, sulphonating the condensation product simultaneously with the condensation or in a separate operation and then exchanging the halogen atom for the residue of a primary or secondary aromatic amine. Alternatively, the sulphonation may be performed after the exchange of the halogen atom for the amine residue. In examples: (1) 4<1>-chlor-3-hydroxybenzophenone-4-carboxylic acid is condensed with 1-methyl-2-phenylindol, sulphonated and reacted with p-phenetidine or N-methyl-pphenetidine; (2) 4<1>-chlor-3-hydroxybenzophenone-4-carboxylic acid is condensed with 1-isobutyl-2-p-chlorphenyl-4 : 6-dimethylindol, sulphonated and reacted with N-methyl-panisidine. The 4<1>-chlorbenzophenone compounds may be replaced by the corresponding 4<1>-brom compounds. The dyestuffs may be converted into complex metal compounds. 4<1>-chlorbenzophenone-3-hydroxy-4-carboxylic acid may be prepared by condensing 3-nitro-4- toluic acid chloride with chlorbenzene to give 4<1>-chlor-3-nitro-4-methylbenzophenone, the nitro group of which is then reduced and acetylated. The methyl group is oxidized with potassium permanganate, the acetyl group removed by saponification and the amino group replaced by a hydroxy group. The 4<1>-brombenzophenone may .be prepared in a similar manner.
Patent GB-552956-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines with opposed pistons
IPC: F01B7/14
Filed: 1941-10-29
Abstract: 552,956. Two-stroke cycle engines. SULZER FRERES SOC. ANON. Oct. 29, 1941, No. 13916. Convention date, Jan. 8. [Class 7 (ii)] In an engine with opposed pistons 2, 3 reciprocating in the cylinder 1 with the same length of stroke and acting on separate crankshafts 6, 7 which rotate at the same speed, the pistons 2, 3 respectively control exhaust and inlet ports 11, 12 and the connecting-rod 4 of the piston 2 is longer than that of the piston 3, in order to facilitate dismantling of the pistons and their connecting-rods without removing the other moving parts. As shown, the crankshaft 6 is laterally displaced with respect to the axis of the cylinder. In a modification, the upper end of the cylinder is provided with a sleeve forming a removable extension.
Patent GB-708938-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to high speed warp beaming machines
Inventor: BONSER ALFRED WALKER
IPC: D02H3/00
Filed: 1951-06-13
Abstract: 708,938. Yarn-beaming machines. FINE SPINNERS & DOUBLERS, Ltd. June 12, 1952 [June 13, 1951], No. 13980/51. Drawings to Specification. Class 142(1) When less than the maximum number of yarns are required for winding on a beam in a beaming machine, the yarns, not required are held out of operative position without being unthreaded from the machine. The yarns are led from a creel through a reed and thence through a comb on to the warp beam; for removing unwanted threads a comb-like device is provided having teeth with the same pitch as the teeth of the comb, the spaces between the teeth being equal to the number of unwanted threads. The comb-like device is lowered on to the warp adjacent to the comb and centrally in relation to the width of the beam, and a bar is inserted through holes in the teeth of the device to trap the threads between the teeth. The device is then lifted above the comb and placed on a support in front of the reed and below the remaining threads, where it is retained until the full number of threads are again required. The threads pass through the droppers of a stop motion on the creel, the droppers through which unwanted threads pass being rendered inoperative by a bar which engages projections in the droppers and holds them in a raised position.
Patent GB-406517-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to brake mechanism
IPC: F16D65/56
Filed: 1933-05-15
Abstract: 406,517. Brakes. NAPIER & SON, Ltd., D., 211, Acton Vale, Acton, and SEWELL, C.W., 2, Holly Park Road, Finchley, both in London. May 15, 1933, No. 14109. [Class 103 (i).] Means for equalizing the clearance of two brake shoes from a brake drum comprises a member which acts upon the shoes and is slidable transversely with frictional restraint upon a rotatable operating spindle. This device may be combined with means for adjusting the clearance of the shoes as described in Specification 406,518 and it may form part of mechanical means for applying a brake which can also be applied by a hydraulic cylinder. Brake shoes B can be applied by a hydraulic cylinder B<3> and also by mechanical means which includes the means for equalizing the clearance of the two shoes from the drum A and also for reducing the clearance of both shoes to a predetermined amount. A cam C engaging projections B<4>, B<5>, on the shoes B can slide with frictional restraint on the flat end D of the operating spindle Dx, which is mounted in the fixed bearing E. The frictional restraint is provided by disposing the cam C between a flange D<1> formed on the spindle and a spring washer D<3> threaded on it. The arm F of the spindle D<x> is connected by links H<2>, to a bell-crank G<2> mounted concentrically at G<1> with a hand-lever G operatively connected to the bell-crank by a screwed rod J<1>. A winged handle J<4> pivoted at J<3> to the rod J<1> has a cam surface J<6> for engagement with the lever G. The rod J<1> is normally locked against rotation by the engagement of its non-circular head J<2> with a corresponding recess in the lever G. A locking pawl and rack G<5>, G<6> is provided for the lever G. The brake shoes B may thus be applied by the lever G through the cam C and if one shoe is applied before the other, the cam slides on the spindle D against the frictional restraint so that when the shoes are released the clearance is equalized. To reduce the clearance of both shoes, the handle J<4> is turned on the pivot J<3> to a vertical position and by the action of the cam surface J<6> the rod J<1> is lifted and the shoes are thus moved towards the drum. The rod J<1> can then be rotated until the shoes are actually applied. Upon returning the handle J<4> to the position shown, the shoes are spaced from the drum to a predetermined extent. If the hydraulic operation only of the brakes is desired the adjusting means J<1>, J<4> may be mounted upon the anchor plate of the brake.
Patent GB-1096848-A (GB)
Title: Methods for producing polymers containing alanyl units and for producing alpha-alanine therefrom
IPC: C08G69/10
Filed: 1965-04-02
Abstract: Copolymers of units [A] <FORM:1096848/C3/1> and [B] <FORM:1096848/C3/2> which are amorphous by X-ray analysis and have a M.P. of 230 to 280 DEG C. may be prepared by polymerizing acetaldehyde cyanohydrin in the presence of HCl, HF, HBr, or sulphuric, sulphurous, nitric, phosphorous, phosphoric thiosulphuric, pyrophosphoric, polyphosphoric, iodic or chlorous acid at between -100 and 60 DEG  C. The cyanohydrin may be formed in situ from acetaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide.  The polymers are stated to be useful as wetting agents, surfactants, detergents, fibre- and paper-treating agents, antistatic agents, viscosity thickeners, and additives for cosmetics, paints, food and adhesives.  They may also be hydrolysed to alpha-alanine (see Division C2).  The disclosure in Specification 883,323 that acetaldehyde cyanohydrin may be polymerized with catalysts at temperatures above 50 DEG C is acknowledged.ALSO:DL-Alpha-alanine is prepared by hydrolysis of a polymer containing units [A] <FORM:1096848/C2/1> and [B] <FORM:1096848/C2/2> The polymer is prepared from acetaldehyde cyanohydrin, or acetaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide (see Division C3) and is thus an intermediate in the preparation of alpha-alanine from these materials.