Patent GB-900903-A (GB)
Title: Vehicle capable of flight within the ground cushion and of free flight
Inventor: SHAW RONALD ANDREW
IPC: B60V1/00
Filed: 1959-09-25
Abstract: 900,903. Aircraft; vehicles supported by gaseous cushions. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Sept. 9, 1960 [Sept. 25, 1959], No. 32752/59. Class 4. A vehicle capable of flight within the ground cushion and of free flight, comprises at least one fan mounted thereon with its axis substantially vertical and arranged to draw in air and to discharge it as a downwardly directed stream through an aperture in the vehicle undersurface so as to afford upthrust on the vehicle in free flight, and means for diverting the airstream from the aperture to nozzle means in the vehicle undersurface, the nozzle means being separate from and outboard of the aperture, extending peripherally of the vehicle, and being so shaped and arranged as to discharge the air in a downwards direction as a curtain extending peripherally of the vehicle. The vehicle comprises an oval platform having upper and lower decks connected by inner and outer sidewalls 3, 4 which define an annular plenum chamber 5 surrounding a central well 6. Six axial flow fans 7 are mounted in the upper deck, each comprising a rotor 11 supporting axial flow fan blades 12 connected at their tips by a shroud ring 13 to turbine blades 14 associated with a volute 18 supplied with working fluid from a manifold branch 48, Fig. 5 (to be described). Air is drawn by each fan into an intake 16 through a gauze screen 23 and discharged downwardly through apertures 31 in the lower deck, each aperture being provided with pivotted slots 32, shown aligned in Fig. 4 to close the apertures 31. Adjacent the wall 4 the lower deck is formed with peripherally extending slots 51, 52 so directed that air discharged therefrom forms annular, inwardlydirected gaseous curtains. The well 6 is formed with an engine bay 8 housing two power plants 41, 42, of which 41 is considerably the larger, respectively driving compressors 43, 44 which supply air through respective control valves 45, 46 to a manifold 47. The manifold carries the branches 48 previously mentioned and further branches 63 connected through an isolating valve 64 and control valves 62 to jet propulsion units 61 mounted on the upper deck. The compressor 43 is connected to manifold 47 through a combustion chamber 49 in which fuel may be burnt to produce extra power. The compressor 44 is connected also to a branch 74 through a control valve 75 to supply air to a turbine 73 connected by gearing 72 to the road wheels 71. In operation, the vehicle may perform three roles; a road vehicle when valve 75 is operated to cause wheels 71 to be driven, lateral stability being provided by pressures exerted by the air curtains issuing from slots 51, 52; a ground cushion vehicle when engine 42 alone is operated and slots 32 are closed so that the curtain flow generates and contains a gaseous supporting cushion, the vehicle being propelled by jet propulsion units 61 which may be adjusted by valves 62 to give asymmetrical control; and a vertical lift, free-flying aircraft when slots 32 are opened and engine 41 alone is operated to generate sufficient lift to support the vehicle in free-flight, propulsion and control again being provided by units 61. Either or both of wheels 71 may be steered and braked and in emergency either engine may perform the role of the other, or for overload conditions they may be operated together. Slots 32 could be transverse so that they could be partially opened to provide a component of thrust for for forward propulsion. The fans and wheels may be driven through shafting and clutches. An annular cavity 9 forms a buoyancy compartment. Specifications 811,840, 834,800 and 839,977 are referred to.