baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent NO-156506-B (NO)
Inventor: ERMA C CAMERON
IPC: G01N33/52
Filed: 1980-10-09
Abstract: A composition, test device, method of making a test device and process for determination of an analyte in a liquid sample are disclosed. More particularly, there is provided a composition for the determination of an analyte in a sample which composition comprises an analyte-responsive component comprising a pyridine nucleotide susceptible of reduction in response to the presence of the analyte, an uncoupler effective to generate an oxidizing substance from the reduced form of said pyridine nucleotide, a peroxidatively active substance, and an indicator which, when oxidized, is not susceptible to reduction by said reduced pyridine nucleotide. The pyridine nucleotide is either nicotine adenine dinucieotide (NAD) or nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP).
Patent NO-154550-B (NO)
Inventor: PFEIFFER HEINRICH
IPC: C07C233/00
Filed: 1981-08-13
Abstract: Novel N-hydroxyalkylated dicarboxylic acid bis(3,5-dicarbamoyl-2,4,6-triiodoanilides) have Formula I    <IMAGE> (I)  wherein R1 is a lower, linear or branched mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl residue, R2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or R1, R3 is lower mono- or dihydroxyalkyl, and X is a direct bond or linear or branched alkylene, which can be interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms or substituted by hydroxy or alkoxy groups. The novel dimeric compounds of Formula I possess good pharmacological and physicochemical properties making them very advantageous as radiopaque agents in all fields of application for water-soluble, iodine-containing X-ray contrast media.
Patent NO-156679-B (NO)
Inventor: BOEN PER
IPC: B29C48/94
Filed: 1983-09-23
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/NO84/00035 Sec. 371 Date May 8, 1985 Sec. 102(e) Date May 8, 1985 PCT Filed Sep. 18, 1984 PCT Pub. No. WO85/01244 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 28, 1985.An extruder assembly (1) for extruding round, cylindrical plastic pipe having a smooth inner pipe wall and a ribbed or ridged outer pipe wall, comprising a feed screw (2) for transporting and softening the plastic material (4), and an annular nozzle having a central mandrel (6). The mandrel constitutes a cylindrical, coaxial extension of the feed screw. The mold part (8) of the nozzle is provided with one or more parallel, helical grooves (14) with the spiral extending in the direction of rotation of the screw and mandrel, and the mold part (8) is provided with a lubricating device (17) for lubricating the molding surface of the mold part. A calibrating device (27) with helical grooves (28) is provided downstream of the annular nozzle.
Patent NO-165526-B (NO)
Inventor: MAES DANIEL
IPC: A61K31/16
Filed: 1985-03-20
Abstract: An improved hair treating or conditioning composition that decreases the friction between hairs thereby facilitating in combing and brushing of hair treated therewith contains a formulation which is a mixture of d-panthenyl ethyl ether and d-panthenol in a weight ratio of about 9 parts d-panthenol ethyl ester to about 1 part d-panthenol. Such hair treating or conditioning compositions also exhibit decreased damaged to hair treated therewith due at least in part to a decrease or reduction in abrasion between hairs.
Patent NO-160042-B (NO)
Inventor: SCHOU HERBERT
IPC: A23L29/10
Filed: 1985-10-29
Abstract: @ A substantially free-flowing powder comprising a surface-active agent such as a food emulsifier applied on a particulate carrier such as a starch is prepared by mixing the surface-active substance with the carrier and subjecting the resulting mixture to extrusion.
Patent NO-179667-B (NO)
Inventor: RASMUSSEN OLE-BENDT
IPC: B29C55/18
Filed: 1988-09-15
Abstract: Sheet material 4 is stretched transversely into longitudinally extending pleats by passage between intermeshing grooved rollers A and B having circularly or helically extending grooves in their surfaces. Each groove is formed of a base 6a, 6b and side walls 5a, 5b inclined outwardly to a peak 7a, 7b. Portions of adjacent side walls 5a and 5b are parallel to one another. The peaks are less than about 3mm apart and the film is stretched by the peaks and is compressed between the side walls by forcing the rollers together. The pleated material is generally then stretched longitudinally substantially to eliminate the pleats and it may then be again stretched transversely between a further set of intermeshing grooved rollers.
Patent SE-323752-B (SE)
Inventor: BRAY A
IPC: G21C15/24
Filed: 1966-06-01
Abstract: 1,148,179. Nuclear power plant. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 3 June, 1966 [3 June, 1965], No. 24964/66. Heading G6C. [Also in Division F1] In a boiling water nuclear reactor, jet pumps (see Division Fl) 12, are arranged in an annular space around a reactor core 10, Fig. 1. Feedwater is added to the pressure vessel through line 26, pump 28, line 30 and control systems 32, each of which is connected to a jet pump nozzle 18 through a line 34. The jet pumps force the mixture in the direction of the arrow 20 up through the reactor core which converts the mixture partly to steam which passes via line 21 to turbine 22 and thence to condenser 23 from where it is returned to the reactor via pump 25 and line 24. In known systems the speed of pump 28 is controlled by an automatic system including a motor 40 supplied by a variablefrequency generator 42 driven through a variable fluid coupler 44 from a prime motor 46. The latter system is eliminated by use of the jet pumps described in which part of the driving fluid is diverted into the pump body downstream of the nozzle 18 to control the pumping rate. Additional water is supplied to the suction side of pump 28 via valve 39 from the reactor pool 15.
Patent YU-46884-B (YU)
Title: Unutrašnji deo đona cipele, naročito srednji deo ili tabanica
Inventor: FOHST M
IPC: A43B7/36
Filed: 1988-07-18
Abstract: UNUTRAŠNJI DEO ĐONA CIPELE, NAROČITO SREDNJI DEO ILI TABANICA, za radne ili zaštitne cipele, sa vlaknastim materijalom u vidu runa, sa nekim vezivnim sredstvom i, po potrebi puniocima, naznačen time, što je vlaknasti materijal u vidu runa jedna mešavina se oko 1 do 10% mas. električno provodljivih štapelnih vlakana (12). Prijava sadrži još 8 zavisnih zahteva.
Patent YU-45811-B (YU)
Title: Flotacioni uređaj za pročišćavanje otpadnih voda
Inventor: MILAN NOVACIC
IPC: C02F1/24
Filed: 1986-12-12
Abstract: FLOTACIONI UREDAJ ZA PROCISCAVANJE OTPADNIH VODA, narocito za prociscavanje otpadnih voda sa sadrzajem masnoce i anorganskih cestica, u kojem su ulazna komora VII, celije I, II, III, IV, te izlazna komora VIII medjusobno odjeljene poprecnim vertikalno polozenim pregradnim stijenkama 4,1,2,3,5 ciji su donji horizontalni rubovi postavljeni iznad stijenke dna 9, a sa svake strane niza od cetiri celije I,II,III,IV nalaze se uzduzno polozene kolektorske komore V,VI odjeljenje uzduznim razdjelnim stijenkama 6,7 ciji su preljevni rubovi 6.1, 7.1 za priblizno jednu cetvrtinu visine udaljeni od gornje stijenke 8, dok su vratila 26 turbinskih kola 28 ulezistena na poklopcima 18, celija I,II,III,IV, naznacen time, sto je vertikalna poprecna pregradna stijenka (36) ucvrscena unutar ulazne komore (VII) ispred pregradne stijenke (4) celije (I); sto je unutar izlazne komore (VIII) paralelno sa pregradnom stijenkom (5) ucvrscena vertikalna poprecna pregradna stijenka (49) ciji je gornji horizontalni preljevni rub (49.1) u visini nivoa tekucine u uredjaju; sto su poklopci (18) celija (I,II,III,IV) ucvrsceni za gornju stijenku (8); sto cilindricni plastevi (29) turbinskih kola (28), obodnim dijelom plostina leze na okvirnim brtvilima (19) koja su postavljena na rubove otvora (8.1) gornje stijenke (8); sto na okvirnim brtvama (21) koje su trakasto polozene uzduz obostranih rubova gornje povrsine stijenke (8), te na prirubnim izdancima (12.1, 12.2, 12.3) uzduzne vanjske stijenke (12) kolektorske komore (V) odnosno s druge strane na prirubnim izdancima (13.1, 13.2, 13.3) uzduzne vanjske stijenke (13) kolektorske komore (VI) leze rubno utbrdjeni poklopci (20) koji su sastavljeni od uzduzno nanizanih segmenata (20.1) i sto se poklopci (46,60) sa okvirnim brtvenicama (47,61) nalaze iznad revizionih otvora (8a, 8b) ulazne komore (VII) odnosno izlazne komore (VIII). Prijava sadrzi jos 8 patentnih zahteva.
Patent RS-49645-B (RS)
Inventor: SKORIC MIRKO
IPC: A01G9/04
Filed: 2000-05-08
Abstract: Saksija i žardinjera sa kontrolisanim kapilarnim navodnjavanjem, aeracijom i odvodnjavanjem supstrata, pri čemu se telo (1) saksije sastoji od omotača (4) i dna (5) sa središnjim otvorom (6), dok je telo (22) žardinjere izliveno najpovoljnije od betona, naznačen time, što su na dnu (5) tela (1) saksije, naizmenično i na medjusobno jednakom razmaku, izvedena gornja sedišta (7) i donja sedišta (7), što su u gornja sedišta (7) sa perforiranim dancetom (8) prekrivenim poroznim geotekstilom (9) uglavljeni krajevi perforiranih cevi (3) ispunjenih sabijenim peskom (10), dok su u donja sedišta (7’) uglavljeni krajevi perforiranih cevi (3) ispunjeni nabijenom glinom (11), što podmetač (2) tela (1) saksije ima po isturenom obodu odozgo izveden konusni kanal (13) sa ulivnim otvorom (17) za vodu i njemu naspramnim otvorom (19) za dovod vazduha, što je na podmetaču (2), uz otvore (17, 19), izveden merač (14) nivoa vode u podmetaču (2) i što supstrat (21) u telu(1) prekriva sve perforirane cevi (3). Prijava sadrži još 3 zavisna patentna zahteva.
Patent RS-51031-B (RS)
Inventor: SUSILO RUDY
IPC: A61K31/7072
Filed: 2002-04-29
Abstract: Jedinjenje, koje ima opštu formulu (I):gdeR predstavlja R"-COO;R' predstavlja vodonik ili hidroksi grupu;R" predstavlja monorazgranati ili multirazgranati alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, monoenski alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, monoenski razgranati alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, polienski alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, polienski razgranati alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, razgranati ili nerazgranati alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, koji sadrži karbociklični ili heterociklični prsten, monoinski alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, moninski razgranat alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, poliinski alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, poliinski razgranat alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, koji sadrži najmanje jednu dvogubu ijednu trogubu vezu, razgranati alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika, koji sadrži najmanje jednu dvogubu i jednu trogubu vezu, hidroksi grupa ili tiol grupa, koja sadrži razgranat ili nerazgranat i/ili zasićen ili nezasićen alkilni lanac sa 8 do 30 atoma ugljenika i njihove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli.Prijava sadrži još 24 patentna zahteva.
Patent ZA-816103-B (ZA)
Title: Piperidylidene derivatives, their production and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
Inventor: HASSPACHER K
IPC: C07D335/20
Filed: 1981-09-02
Abstract: Piperidylidene derivatives of formulawherein n is 2 or 3, R<sub>1</sub> comptises a tricyclic nucleus and R<sub>2</sub> is hydrogen or an acid residue, useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of asthmatic conditions.
Patent ZA-825454-B (ZA)
Title: Process and ready-to-use flour for the production of firm bread having an increased content of dictary fibre
Inventor: SCHOBERTH HANS
IPC: A21D2/18
Filed: 1982-07-29
Abstract: Disclosed is a bread flour comprising bread cereal flour, cereal bran and self-rising starch flour and method for making a leavened bread by preparing a dough having bread cereal flour, water, leavening agents, soy bran and self-rising starch flour which is subjected to baking, the said soy bran being in an amount equal to 10 to 30% by weight of the bread cereal flour and the said self-rising starch flour being in an amount equal to 2 to 8% by weight of bread cereal flour.
Patent ZA-872363-B (ZA)
Title: A multiprocessor system
Inventor: PFEIFFER KLAUS
IPC: G06F12/00
Filed: 1987-04-01
Abstract: A method in which a common multi-processor bus (MPB) connecting all microprocessors is cyclically allocated to each microprocessor system in an order predetermined by priority codes, has superimposed on it a further method which coordinates the access of a microprocessor system to the area (DBSp) storing the database of a common memory (Sp). One of the microprocessor systems controlled as main processor system (HP) is authorised to update the database; on the other hand, all remaining microprocessor systems controlled as secondary processors (NP) can read the database information items. Each microprocessor system accessing the database transmits before its access a message (M1, M2) to the main processor system (HP) or to all secondary processor systems (NP), by means of which it is prevented that the main processor system (HP) is still updating the database when one of the secondary processor systems (NP) is already reading the database information. 
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Patent ZA-874611-B (ZA)
Title: Curable compositions based on fluoroelastomers vulcanizable with peroxides
Inventor: MOGGI GIOVANNI
IPC: C08F214/22
Filed: 1987-06-25
Abstract: Fluoroelastomeric peroxy curable compositions, endowed with improved characteristics of processability and compatibility, and with enhanced low-temperature properties, comprising, as additives, vinylidene fluoride cotelomers having the general formula:  (I) R[(CH2CF2)n(C3F6)m(C2F4)p(C2F3Cl)q]X  wherein  X = Br or I;  R is an optionally halogenated alkyl radical; n, m, p, q are integers; m, p, q may also be zero.
Patent ZA-886482-B (ZA)
Title: N-(halobenzoyl)-n'-2-halo-4-(1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoro-methoxy)ethoxy)-phenyl-ureas with insecticide activity
Inventor: MASSARDO PIETRO
IPC: A01N47/34
Filed: 1988-08-31
Abstract: A class of particularly active insecticide compounds: N-(halobenzoyl)-N min -2-halo-4-[1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoro-methoxy)ethoxy)-ph enyl-ureas, the preparation of such compounds and their use in the fight against the infestations by insects is disclosed.
Patent ZA-897045-B (ZA)
Title: Polyurethanes active in non-linear optical and their production and use
Inventor: MIGNANI GARARD
IPC: G02F1/361
Filed: 1989-09-15
Abstract: The invention relates to a polyurethane which permits the preparation of optically active non-linear materials. This polyurethane is characterised in that it has a recurring unit of the formula <IMAGE> in which m is a number greater than 5, R1 and R2, which are identical or different, represent a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical or an aromatic radical and R3 represents a linear or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or an aromatic or arylaliphatic radical, and Y represents a group comprising a radical with delocalised  pi electrons and an electron acceptor group (A).
Patent ZA-909658-B (ZA)
Title: Immunomodulation
Inventor: LINK HARRIET
IPC: A61K39/39
Filed: 1990-11-30
Abstract: Immunostimulant products are prepared by adding lysozyme to a culture of L.bulgaricus at a pH of from 4-8 and then incubating the culture to hydrolyze peptidoglycans of cell walls of the bacteria. A suspension containing the lysozyme-treated L.bulgaricus is collected, which is centrifuged to obtain an immunostimulant supernatant. The supernatant may be filtered to obtain an immunostimulant solution, which may be added to a fermented milk, or to a whey, to prepare an immunostimulant product. Alternatively, L.bulgaricus may be cultured and hydrolyzed by lysozyme in a milk product to provide an immunostimulant milk product.
Patent ZA-923192-B (ZA)
Title: Catalytic converter for the catalytic treatment of exhaust gas
Inventor: STEENACKERS PIETER DELFINA
IPC: F01N3/24
Filed: 1992-04-30
Abstract: The catalyst (1) has a housing (3) having an inlet (3d) and an outlet (3e) and a gas-permeable catalyst body (7), arranged in the casing (3), having an exhaust gas inlet surface (7a). A guide surface (15a) facing the inlet (31) opening and arranged at a distance from the edge thereof, is present in the casing, which guide surface forms an angle of preferably at least 60 DEG  and, for example, 90 DEG  with the axis (5) mentioned. The inlet (3d) possesses an internal surface having a cylindrical or slightly conical interior surface section (3g) which, in the opening area of the inlet (3d), is steadily connected to a baffle (3i) opposite the guide surface (15a), via a transition surface section (3h) expanding arcuately in a section running through the axis (5) of the inlet (3d) towards the housing interior. The exhaust gas flowing through the inlet (3d) can be deflected by the guide surface (15a) with low pressure drop and can then flow into the body (7) uniformly distributed over the exhaust gas inlet surface (7a) of the body (7). <IMAGE>
Patent ZA-926169-B (ZA)
Title: Apparatus for extruding thermoplastic synthetic plastics material.
Inventor: BACHER HELMUT
IPC: B29C48/76
Filed: 1992-08-17
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/AT92/00110 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 25, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 25, 1994 PCT Filed Aug. 6, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/04841 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 18, 1993.An apparatus for filtering and extruding plastic scrap consists of an extruder housing having an interior chamber and an extruder worm received and supported for axial rotation in the chamber. The extruder worm includes a centrally located set of return threads which divide the chamber into first and second chamber portions. The housing further includes an intake opening in the first chamber portion for receiving raw material, an exit opening in the second chamber portion for discharging filtered material, and a degassing opening in the second chamber portion for discharging gasses from the chamber. A drive mechanism is provided for rotating the extruder worm. A filter channel connects the first and second chamber portions wherein the plastic material passes from the first chamber portion to the second chamber portion through the channel. The channel has an inlet opening in the first chamber portion and an outlet opening in the second chamber portion. The degassing opening is preferably located between the outlet opening of the channel and the exit opening of the chamber. A filter is disposed in the channel for filtering the plastic material as it passes therethrough. The extruder worm has a thread geometry in the second chamber portion which creates a no pressure zone therein. The no pressure zone is preferably located between first and second ends of said second chamber portion.
Patent ZA-933629-B (ZA)
Title: Cyclopeptides and their use as absorption promoters when applied to the mucosa
Inventor: SANDOW JUERGEN DR
IPC: A61K38/04
Filed: 1993-05-25
Abstract: The invention relates to the compounds of the general formula I <IMAGE>  and to the physiologically tolerated salts thereof, in which     X is a basic L- or D-amino acid,   Y is a neutral or basic L- or D-amino acid, Z is a neutral or basic L- or D-amino acid which can be identical to or different from Y,   R<1> is an N-bonded acyl radical of the formula II <IMAGE> in which Ar is a phenyl radical which is optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 identical or different radicals from the series comprising hydroxyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxy, amino, carboxyl, (C1-C4)-alkylamino and halogen, or is a 2-aminothiazol-4-yl radical, p is an integer from zero to 4 and q, n, m and l are, independently of one another, zero or 1.   The invention additionally relates to the use of compounds of the formula I and their physiologically tolerated salts for promoting the absorption of peptides and proteins on administration onto the mucous membrane and to pharmaceutical compositions which contain a pharmacologically effective amount of one or more peptides or proteins as well as a compound of the formula I or its physiologically tolerated salts.
Patent ZA-935869-B (ZA)
Title: Aqueous dispersions of zein and controlled release coatings derived therefrom
Inventor: OSHLACK BENJAMIN
IPC: C09D189/00
Filed: 1993-08-12
Abstract: Stable aqueous dispersions of zein which may be used as controlled release coatings of pharmaceutical, animal, health, or food products in an inorganic solvent-free environment are disclosed, as well as methods for preparing the same.
Patent ZA-947063-B (ZA)
Title: Wound implant materials
Inventor: ARNOLD PETER STUART
IPC: A61L15/16
Filed: 1994-09-13
Abstract: Wound implant materials are described comprising a plurality of bioabsorbable microspheres bound together by a bioabsorbable matrix, such as in a freeze-dried collagen matrix. The microspheres preferably comprise over 30% of the volume of the material, and preferably have diameters of 10  mu m to 1500  mu m. The microspheres and/or the matrix preferably comprise a polylactic/polyglycolic copolymer, collagen, cross-linked collagen, hyaluronic acid, cross-linked hyaluronic acid, an alginate or a cellulose derivative. The resulting implants are stronger and more slowly resorbed than conventional collagen sponge implants. Better control over the porosity of the implant is achieved. <IMAGE>
Patent ZA-955686-B (ZA)
Title: Positive photoactive compounds based on 2,6-dinitro benzyl groups
Inventor: KAHLE CHARLES F II
IPC: G03F7/00
Filed: 1995-07-07
Abstract: Photoreactive compounds are synthesized from 2,5- or 2,6-dintrobenzyl groups. Also disclosed are methods of synthesizing reactive monomers containing 2,5- or 2,6-dintrobenzyl groups.
Patent ZA-955987-B (ZA)
Title: Multistage process for the (Co) polymerization of olefins
Inventor: GOVONI GABRIELE
IPC: C08F4/68
Filed: 1995-07-18
Abstract: Multistage process for the polymerization of olefins CH2=CHR, where R is hydrogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical with 1-10 carbon atoms, comprising two stages of polymerization. In a first stage, in the presence of a titanium or a vanadium catalyst and working in one or more reactors, an olefinic polymer with particular values of porosity is prepared; in a second stage, in the presence of the said porous polymer and a metallocene compound and/or their reaction products, one or more olefins, that are equal to or different from those polymerized in the first stage, are polymerized in one or more reactors.
Patent ZA-974805-B (ZA)
Title: Waterproof paper-backed coated abrasives.
Inventor: GAETA ANTHONY C
IPC: B24D11/02
Filed: 1997-05-30
Abstract: Waterproof coated abrasive paper made using a maker and/or size coat comprising a radiation-curable binder that is hydrophobic when polymerized.
Patent ZA-976699-B (ZA)
Title: Seam for paper machine clothing.
Inventor: COLLETTE A LEON
IPC: D21F7/08
Filed: 1997-07-28
Abstract: A method for manufacturing a papermaker's fabric by spirally winding a woven fabric strip (16), narrower than the intended width of the fabric, and the papermaker's fabric manufactured in accordance with the method, are disclosed. The fabric strip includes lengthwise and crosswise yarns, and has a lateral fringe (34,36) along at least one lateral edge (32) thereof, the lateral fringe (34,36) being unbound ends of the crosswise yarns extending beyond the lateral edge (32). During the spiral winding of the fringed strip (16), the lateral fringe (34,36) of a turn overlies or underlies an adjacent turn of the strip (16). The lateral edges (32) of adjacent turns abut against one another. The spirally continuous seam so obtained is closed by ultrasonically welding or bonding the overlying or underlying lateral fringe (34,36) to the fabric strip (16) in an adjacent turn.
Patent ZA-985993-B (ZA)
Title: Pharmaceutical compositions
Inventor: CAREY FRANK
IPC: A61P25/02
Filed: 1998-07-07
Abstract: The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an aldose reductase inhibitor and an ACE inhibitor, and their use in the treatment of diabetic complications such as diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy.
Patent CH-634708-B (CH)
Inventor: ABEL HEINZ
IPC: D06P3/62
Filed: 1978-09-29
Abstract: A process for slop-padding textile cellulose material with anionic substantive dyes, which consists in applying to said material an aqueous dye liquor which, in addition to the dye, contains (a) a quaternization product of a polyalkylene oxide adduct of 2 to 100 moles of alkylene oxide and optionally 1 mole of styrene oxide with 1 mole of a fatty amine containing at least 8 carbon atoms, (b) an etherified N-methylolmelamine, and (c) an acid catalyst, if desired drying the impregnated cellulose material and then subjecting it to a heat treatment.