baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent UY-27647-A1 (UY)
Title: Utilización de inhibidores de tirosina-quinasa para el tratamiento de procesos inflamatorios
Inventor: BIRGIT JUNG
IPC: A61K39/395
Filed: 2003-02-04
Abstract: Utilización de quinazolinas de fórmula general en que A, B, C, D, X, Ra, Rb, Rc, y n están definidos según reivindicaciones 1, o de los compuestos (1) 4-( (3-cloro-4-fluorofenil) amino) -6- (4-dimetilamino- ciclohexil) amino) pirimido (5,4-d) pirimidina, (2) 4-( (R) -(1- feniletil)amino - 6- (4- hidroxifenil) -7H- pirrolo (2,3-d) pirimidina, (3) 4- (3- cloro-4- (3- fluoro- 4 benciloxi) - fenil) amino) -6-(5-( 2-metanosulfonil-etil) -furan-2-il) -quinazolina o de los anticuerpos Cetuximab C225, Trastuzumab, ABX- EGF, acn ICR- 62 o EGFR - antisentido, sus tautómeros, estereoisómeros y sales, en particular sus sales fisiológicamente compartibles con ácidos o bases inorgánicos u orgánicos, para preparar un medicamento de prevención o tratamiento de enfermedades de vías respiratorias o pulmones.
Patent UY-30267-A1 (UY)
Title: Nuevos derivados de la tioxantina , composiciones farmacéuticas que los contienen, procedimientos de preparacion y aplicaciones
Inventor: VIKLUND JENNY
IPC: H01L31/04
Filed: 2007-04-10
Abstract: Se describen compuestos novedosos de Formula (I) en donde L, R1, X e Y son como se definen en la memoria descriptiva, y sales farmacéuticamente aceptables del mismo; junto con procedimientos para la preparacion de los mismos, composiciones que los contienen y su utilizacion en terapia. Los compuestos son inhibidores de la enzima MPO y son por lo tanto particularmente utiles en el tratamiento o profilaxis de trastornos neuroinflamatorios, trastornos arterioscleroticos cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares, enfermedad de la arteria periférica y trastornos respiratorios.
Patent UY-30493-A1 (UY)
Title: Compuestos derivados 5-cloro-1??h,3h-espiro[ 1-benzofuran-2, 4??- piperidin]-1??-ilo sustituidos de los acidos acético y 2-metil- propanoico, composiciones farmacéuticas, procedimientos de preparacion y aplicaciones
Inventor: STRANDBERG PER
IPC: A61P11/00
Filed: 2007-07-19
Abstract: Se describen y reivindican compuestos de formula I en donde R1, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 y R10 son como se definieron en la memoria descriptiva. También se describen y reivindican procedimientos para la preparacion de dichos compuestos y de los compuestos intermedios utilizados, así como composiciones farmacéuticas que los contienen.
Patent UY-31676-A1 (UY)
Title: "derivados de 3-metil-imidiazo-[1,2-b]-piridazina"
Inventor: STAUFFER FREDERIC
IPC: A61P35/00
Filed: 2009-02-26
Abstract: Compuestos de la fórmula (I) y sales de los mismos: en donde los sustituyentes son como se definen en la memoria descriptiva; aplicación de dicho compuesto en un proceso para el tratamiento del cuerpo humano o animal, en particular con respecto una enfermedad mediada por la cinasa de tirosina c-Met; uso de dicho compuesto para la fabricación de un medicamento para tratamiento de dichas enfermedades; composiciones farmacéuticas comprendiendo dicho compuesto , opcionalmente en la presencia de un componente de combinación; procesos para la preparación de un compuesto de la fórmula (I).
Patent CH-713392-A1 (CH)
Title: Steuerelektronik für mehrere Elektrofilter.
Inventor: RENÉ OBERHÄNSLI
IPC: G06F13/10
Filed: 2017-01-30
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft eine Steuerelektronik für mehrere Elektrofilter einer Gebäudelüftungsanlage, die wenigstens ein Master-Gerät (1) und Node-Geräte (2) umfasst, wobei an jeden der Elektrofilter ein Node-Gerät (2) angeschlossen ist. An das Master-Gerät (1) bzw. an jedes der Master-Geräte (1) sind eine oder mehrere Ketten (3) von Node-Geräten (2) angeschlossen, wobei in jeder Kette (3) ein erstes Node-Gerät (2) an das zugehörige Master-Gerät (1) angeschlossen und die weiteren Node-Geräte (2) der Kette (3) jeweils an das Vorgänger-Node-Gerät (2) angeschlossen sind, so dass die Node-Geräte (2) der Kette (3) in Serie miteinander verbunden sind, wobei das Master-Gerät (1) der Vorgänger des oder der ersten Node-Geräte (2) der angeschlossenen Kette (3) bzw. der angeschlossenen Ketten (3) ist. Das wenigstens eine Master-Gerät (1) und die Node-Geräte (2) sind eingerichtet, jedem der Node-Geräte (2) einer Kette (3) eine eindeutige Platznummer zuzuordnen.
Patent DZ-3099-A1 (DZ)
Inventor: SZEZYGIEL MANUS
IPC: E06B3/46
Filed: 2000-11-22
Granted: 2004-06-20
Abstract: Frame for sliding door has central rectangular glass panel (5,6) which slides in fixed frame (2) surrounding the opening leaf frames (3,4). Outer frame has upper and lower horizontal profiles (9,10). Leaf frames each have lower traverse (11) and upright (12) forming two sides of frame assembly, with lower traverse engaged by two corresponding sides of the central panel. The two other sides of the central panel have support profiles.
Patent ES-160905-A1 (ES)
Title: MEJORAS EN LA OBTENCIoN DE PRODUCTOS ATICRIPTOGAMICOS AGRiCOLAS A BASE DE UROTROPINA YA CINC
Filed: 1943-03-29
Abstract: Mejoras en la obtención de productos anticriptogámicos agrícolas a base de urotropina y zinc esencialmente caracterizadas en el producto anticriptogámico agrícola obtenido contiene como elemento activo una mezcla de urotropina y de una sal de zinc.
Patent ES-177230-A1 (ES)
Title: Mejoras en o relativas a dispositivos de descarga electronica del tipo de modulacion en velocidad de los electrones
Filed: 1947-03-13
Abstract: Mejoras en o relativas a dispositivos de descarga electrónica caracterizado porque comprende un resonador de línea coaxial incluido en una ampolla aislante y que tiene un conductor central separado de las paredes del resonador por un par de espacios, teniendo dicho conducto un pasaje a través del mismo entre dicho conductor un pasaje a através del mismo entre dichos espacios y medios para proyectar una corriente de electrones desde un cátodo a través del resonador por dicho pasaje y pasador dichos espacios para excitar oscilaciones en dicho resonador, incluyendo dichos medios, medios para aplicar un voltaje de aceleración a los electrones y estando dichos espacios proporcionados de tal modo que el cambio de frecuencia de oscilación con el cambio de voltaje y aceleración es un máximo.
Patent ES-179675-A1 (ES)
Title: UN PROCEDIMIENTO DE TRATAMIENTO DE LOS MINERALES DE HIERRO SULFUROSOS PARA SU APROVECHAMIENTO EN LOS PROCESOS SIDERuRGICOS
Filed: 1947-09-10
Abstract: Procedimiento de tratamiento de los minerales de hierro sulfurosos, para su aprovechamiento en los procesos siderúrgicos, caracterizándose porque se tratan los minerales sulfurosos de hierro, particularmente los residuos de piritas de hierro, en dos fases, procediendo en la primera de ellas a la desulfuración previa por dispositivos Huntington y similares, o por hornos rotativos en atmósfera oxidante y mediante adición de elementos de escorificación, como sílice, caliza y análogos.
Patent ES-197184-A1 (ES)
Title: Un procedimiento para impregnar por zonas los rodillos de madera
Filed: 1951-03-29
Abstract: Procedimiento para la impregnación por zonas de los rodillos de madera con líquidos adecuados y a presión caracterizado por el hecho de que los troncos en sentido horizontal son rodeados por líquidos de impregnación e impregnados en una sola fase de trabajo y en una caldera adecuada en la cual los líquidos están separados por una pared divisoria.
Patent ES-197914-A1 (ES)
Title: UN APARATO AUTOMáTICO SUMINISTRADOR DE MONDADIENTES
Filed: 1951-05-18
Abstract: Aparato automático suministrador de mondadientes caracterizado por comprender una caja-depósito cuya cara inferior se encuentra dispuesta en plano inclinado y termina en una canal de un ancho ligeramente mayor al grueso del palillo en cuya canal actúa con movimientos alternos de ascenso y descenso una lámina clasificadora capaz de ordenar de uno en fondo los palillos que vengan a caer en dicha canal.
Patent ES-250025-A1 (ES)
Title: Synthetic bast of linear polymeric thermoplastic material
IPC: B29C48/17
Filed: 1959-06-10
Abstract: <PICT:0864488/IV (a)/1> A synthetic bast-like material consisting of a flat, irregularly folded and at least partly agglutinated tubular filament is made by extruding a molten linear high polymeric thermoplastic material through an annular orifice in a spinneret, maintaining a slight superatmospheric gas pressure inside the tubular filament so formed, passing the filament, while still not completely hardened, through a cooling liquid and round a deflector therein, so as to flatten it, and withdrawing the filament under tension. Preferably the polymeric thermoplastic material melts between 100 DEG -300 DEG C. and is a polyamide or polyester. As shown, a spinneret 1 having an annular orifice 2 is fitted with a gas supply pipe 3 through which an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen, can be fed into the emerging tubular filament 4, which passes into cooling bath 5 and then under deflector rod 6 and over rod 7, being thereby flattened and folded by the action of the withdrawal tension exerted by the driven rollers 8. The filament is then stretched, preferably continuously with the spinning process, or subsequently as a separate process, in known manner, and wound up. The melt may be pigmented, or the final product may be dyed. The Provisional Specification refers also to the use, as a deflector, of a narrow passage exerting a squeezing and folding action on the tubular filament, or of a pair of rollers so constructed that irregular folding and creasing take place. Specification 533,307 is referred to.
Patent ES-260975-A1 (ES)
Title: 5-(gamma-dimethylamino-n-butyl) iminostilbene and salts thereof
IPC: C07D223/28
Filed: 1960-08-27
Abstract: The invention comprises substituted 5H-dibenz[b, f]azepines of the general formula: <FORM:0962461/C1/1> wherein Y and Z each represent a halogen or hydrogen atom, one of R1 and R2 represents a methyl group and the other a hydrogen atom, and R3 and R4 represent C1- 4 alkyl or C2- 4 alkenyl radicals, or jointly represent a C2-8 alkylene chain other than a hexamethylene chain, and the preparation thereof by (1) reacting a dibenzazepine of the general formula: <FORM:0962461/C1/2> with a reactive ester of a basic alcohol of the general formula: <FORM:0962461/C1/3> or (2) reacting a reactive ester of a hydroxy compound of the general formula: <FORM:0962461/C1/4> with a secondary amine of the general formula: <FORM:0962461/C1/5> or (3) heating a compound of the general formula: <FORM:0962461/C1/6> until one molecular proportion of carbon dioxide is split off, or (4) (when R3 and R4 are alkyl radicals) alkylating the corresponding primary or secondary amines (R3 and/or R4=H, obtained by replacing compound V in process (2) by ammonia or a monoalkylamine). The products, which form salts with inorganic or organic acids, have spasmolytic, antiallergic, sedative, anticonvulsive and antiemetic activity. Chlorides of basic alcohols III are prepared as follows: (a) (when R1=H, R2=CH3) by reacting 1, 3-butylene glycol with acetyl chloride to form 3-chloro-n-butyl acetate, reacting this with an amine V, and chlorinating the resulting 3-tertiary amino-n-butanol (b) (when R1=CH3, R2=H) adding hydrogen bromide to b -methallyl chloride in the presence of dibenzoyl peroxide and reacting the resulting g -bromo-b -methyl-propyl chloride with an amine V. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 914,717.
Patent ES-338845-A1 (ES)
Title: A Method of Electrophoretically Coating Conducting Surfaces
IPC: C25D13/18
Filed: 1967-04-03
Abstract: In a method of electro-phoretically coating an article immersed in a coating bath, the electric current passed is in the form of a sequence of pulses, the amplitude and duration of which are such that only a single species of charge carrier is discharged at the surface of the article to be coated during each pulse. Preferably the interval between successive pulses is such that the charge carries discharged by one pulse are replaced by diffusion before the next pulse, e.g. the pulses may be of length equal to of less than 10-1 sec., with an interval between 10-2 and 1 sec. The pulses used may be rectangular or trapeze-shaped, or may be bilateral pulses such that the mean potential of the pulse is other than zero. The bath may comprise an acrylic resin together with aluminium silicate, titanium dioxide and various pigments.
Patent ES-351982-A1 (ES)
Title: Apparatus and method for the manufacture of electric cables impregnated with insulating liquid
IPC: H01B13/30
Filed: 1968-03-14
Abstract: Apparatus for attaching a cable end to a drum comprises a clamp device 2 for engagement with a cable end 1, means for making electrical contact with the cable end when engaged with the clamp device, the clamp device being pivotally mounted on a cable drum 3 about an axis parallel to the drum axis, and means preventing removal of the cable end in a direction tangential to the drum surface but permitting removal thereof when the clamp device is rotated to move the cable end radially outwards. The clamp device 2 comprises an elbow-shaped member, one arm 12 being connected to an electrical conductor 15 and the other arm 11 mating with the cable end. The arm 11 has a socket 10 in which a plurality of lamin[mu] 18 extend parallel to the axis of the socket and are anchored at the closed end of the socket, spring elements 22 being provided to urge the lamin[mu] into contact with the cable end 1 and extension 131 of the arm 11, thereby effecting electrical contact between the clamp device and the cable end. A plug 5 in the cable end 1 is provided with a groove 6 and collar 7, the edge of the collar remote from the groove being rounded. Mounted on the drum 3 there is a latch member 31 which is spring biased radially outwards from the drum surface, the outward extension being limited by a stop 35. The side 36 of the latch 31 facing the cable end 1 is inclined so that contact with the rounded edge of the collar 7 depresses the latch 31 which is then released to engage the groove 6 and prevent removal of the cable end 1 from the clamp 2. The drum 3 preferably has a flat recessed portion 31 for the positioning of the cable end. When cable is unwound from the drum 3, the clamp 2 is pivoted about shaft 16 to lift the plug 5 clear of the latch member 31 and the cable end 1 is readily detached from the socket 10. The device is most advantageously used in the manufacture of oil-filled cable cores in which the cable core is wound on the drum 3 which is immersed in a bath of oil and is thereafter removed and passed to a sheathing press without contact by air.
Patent ES-353265-A1 (ES)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Electric Level Sensing Devices
IPC: G01F23/36
Filed: 1968-04-27
Abstract: The level of liquid in a container is sensed by a float coupled to the slider 18 Fig.1 of a variable resistance, so that the resistance between one end of the element 15 and the slider 18 is indicative of the liquid level. The wire element 15 is wound on a shaped former and located in a molded casing 5 by lugs 20. The ends are contacted by terminal strips 8, 1 which are located in recesses 9, 2 of the case 5 by lugs and projections forming elastic catches for the strips. The slider 18 carries contact finger 21 Fig. 9 for the resistance element 15, an additional contact finger 22 which contacts terminal strip 1 at an alarm level, and a part 23 with a recessed portion 31 for attachment to an extension 33 of a float, with sufficient play to absorb minor movements of the liquid level. The slider 18 is spring-loaded centrally against a cover which is earthed.
Patent ES-356517-A1 (ES)
Title: Container train for transportation by water
IPC: B63B35/68
Filed: 1968-07-26
Abstract: A barge train comprises a twin-hulled tug and a plurality of barges such as 1 2 longitudinally coupled in a line, the two hulls 5 1 and 5 2 of the tug operating astride the line of barges. Transverse beams 71 and 7 2 connecting the hulls of the tug are also connected to at least one of the barges by pins 10. In the embodiment of Fig. 14 the two hulls 5 1 , 5 2 of the tug are mounted so that sharp turning may be achieved. Figs. 9 10 and 11 show the arrangements in a barge for a cargo M, e.g. of flour or grain. Air passes along the gap 37 in the double bottom of the barge through perforations 33, cloth 34 and wire net 35 into duct 38 to take the cargo through outlet 39. In violent storms the barges may be temporarily submerged below the surface to wait for weather improvement. As shown in Fig. 12 buoyancy chambers 30 1 , 30 2 may be flooded through openings 43 in their bottom walls surrounded by inner-threaded block 44. Lid 46 is broken by detonator 48 and the amount of water admitted is controlled by air under pressure from the tug. As shown in Fig. 5 the barges are coupled by a rubber block in recesses 26 1 , 26 2 and into which transverse pins 28 pass.
Patent ES-357477-A1 (ES)
Title: Bucket drive for overhead mining machine
IPC: E02F3/352
Filed: 1968-08-22
Abstract: A drive for controlling the raising and lowering of the bucket-carrying arms of a shovelling machine comprises a motor-driven shaft 27 having a cam clutch 28 that limits rotation of the shaft to one direction, a second shaft 37 connected by a gear train 39, a cable reel 18 and cable 17 to the bucket-carrying arms, and a clutch 26 for controlling drive of the shaft 37 by the shaft 27. The drive is such that when the motor 19 is started up and the clutch 26 is engaged the bucket will be moved upwardly and will be automatically held in an elevated position by the cam clutch 28 when the motor is stopped until the clutch 26 is disengaged to allow of free rotation of the shaft 3-7 so that gravity-induced lowering of the bucket will occur.
Patent ES-359257-A1 (ES)
Title: Continuous Process for the Preparation of p-Xylene.
IPC: C07C1/00
Filed: 1968-10-17
Abstract: In a one-stage continuous isomerization process in which a mixture of two or more C 8 aromatic hydrocarbons comprising ethylbenzene as one component is contacted with hydrogen in an isomerization section in the presence of a catalyst comprising an acidic refractory oxide and a hydrogenating/dehydrogenating metal component, and in which the product mixture is subsequently fractionated, the isomerization is conducted under such conditions of temperature and hydrogen partial pressure that the product mixture before fractionation contains 1-50 wt. per cent of C 8 naphthenes, at least 10% of which are recycled, after recovery, direct to the isomerization. Decrease in catalyst activity may be counteracted by increasing both temperature and hydrogen partial pressure in such a way that the product mixture maintains the desired C 8 naphthene content. Individual xylenes may be recovered as desired: o-xylene by appropriate fractionation, m-xylene by extraction with HF/BF 3 or HF/PF 5 , and p-xylene by crystallization. Unwanted xylenes may be recycled to isomerization.
Patent ES-359720-A1 (ES)
Title: 2 - amino - 5 - (5 - nitro - 1 - substituted-2 - imidazolyl) - 1,3,4 - thiadiazoles and oxadiazoles
IPC: C07D233/95
Filed: 1968-10-30
Abstract: Novel 1-substituted-5-vitro-2-imidazolyl compounds of the formula wherein R is C 1-4 alkyl, hydroxy (C 1-4 ) alkyl, or C 2-5 alkanoyloxy (C 1-4 ) alkyl X is oxygen or sulphur, and R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen, C 1-4 alkyl, hydroxy (C 1-4 ) alkyl formyl, C 2-5 alkanoyl, monohalo (C 2-5 ) alkanoyl, polyhalo (C 2-5 ) alkanoyl, amino (C 1-4 ) alkyl, lower (C 1-4 ) amino- (C 1-4 ) alkyl or -N(R 1 )R 2 taken together is -N = CH-N (C 1-4 alkyl) 2 , piperazine, C 1-4 alkylpiperazine, benzylpiperazine, phenylpiperazine, tolylpiperazine, C 1-4 alkoxypiperazine, halophenylpiperazine, nitrophenylpiperazine, pyridylpiperazine, quinolylpiperazine, thiazolylpiperazine, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonylpiperazine or C 1-4 alkylthiothionocarbonylpiperazine are prepared by effecting ring closure with an oxidizing agent of the corresponding 1-substituted-5-nitro- 2-imidazole carboxaldehyde semicarbazone (or thiosemicarbazone), obtained by reacting the corresponding 1-substituted-5-nitro-2-imidazole carboxaldehyde with the appropriate semicarbazide or thiosemicarbazide, or by reacting the corresponding 2 - [2 - halo - 5 - oxadiazolyl (or thiadiazolyl)] - 1 - substituted - 5 - nitroimidazole with the appropriate primary or secondary amine of the formula HN(R 1 )R 2 , or by acylating the corresponding 2-[2-amino-5- oxadiazolyl (or thiadiazolyl)]-1-substituted-5- nitroimidazole with formic acid or the appro. priate acid anhydride or chloride, or by esterifying the appropriate hydroxy substituted compound, or by simultaneously acylating and esterifying the appropriate amino and hydroxy substituted compound. 2-Amino-5-(1-methyl-5- nitro - 2 - imidazolyl) - oxadiazole is obtained by reacting 1-methyl-5-nitro-2-imidazolecarboxylic acid hydrazide with cyanogen bromide and N,N - dimethyl - N1 - [5 - (1 - methyl - 5 - nitro - 2 - imidazolyl) - thiadiazol - 2 - yl] - formamidine by adding the suspension obtained by bubbling phosgene into N,N-dimethylformamide to 2 - (2 - amino - 5 - thiadiazolyl) - 1 - methyl - 5-nitroimidazole. 1 - Methyl - 5 - nitro - 2 - imidazolecarboxaldehyde and 1 - (2 - acetoxyethyl) - 5 - nitro - 2 - imidazolecarboxaldehyde are made by oxidizing the appropriate 2-hydroxymethyl compounds with lead tetra-acetate. 2 - (2 - Chloro - 5 - thiadiazolyl) - 1 - methyl - 5 - nitroimidazole is prepared by treating a solution of 2 - (2 - amino - 5 - thiadiazolyl) - 1 - methyl - 5-nitroimidazole in a concentrated hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrate. 1 - Methyl - 5 - nitro - 2 - imidazolecarboxaldehyde - 41 - carbethoxy - 11 - piperazine thiocarbohydrazone, which gives on ring closure 2-[2-(4- carbethoxy - 1 - piperazinyl) - 5 - thiadiazolyl]- 1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, is obtained from 4 - carbethoxy - piperazine-1-thiocarbohydrazide and 1 - methyl - 5 - nitro - 2 - imidazolecarboxaldehyde.
Patent ES-366823-A1 (ES)
Title: Polymerization catalysts
IPC: C08F4/68
Filed: 1969-05-05
Abstract: An olefin polymerization catalyst is obtained by (a) forming a complex of an organoaluminium compound and a tetrachloride, bromide or iodide of titanium or vanadium, (b) reacting the complex with a support comprising magnesium hydroxychloride, and (c) reacting the product of (b) with an organometallic compound or hydride of a Group I to III metal. In examples ethylene is homopolymerized in solution in nheptane in the presence of hydrogen and TiCl 4 , TiBr 4 , TiI 4 -Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 , Al(i-C 4 H 9 ) 3 , Al(i-C 6 H 13 ) 3 or Al(C 2 H 5 ) 2 Cl-Mg(OH)Cl-Al(i- C 4 H 9 ) 3 or Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 reaction products, and ethylene, propylene and ethylidene norbornene are terpolymerized in bulk in the presence of VCl 4 -Al(C 2 H 5 ) 2 Cl-Mg(OH)Cl-Al(C 2 H 5 ) 2 Cl reaction product.
Patent ES-367985-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for the reductive cleavage of sulphonic acid groups from anthraquinone-sulphonic acids
IPC: C25B3/25
Filed: 1969-06-03
Abstract: Anthraquinone - # - sulphonic acids which contain an electron donator as substituent in at least one [alpha] - position of the nuclei bearing the sulphonic acid group or groups are subjected to electrochemical reductive cleavage of # - sulphonic acid groups. The electron donator may be a hydroxyl group a lower alkoxy group an amino group an alkylamino group a dialkylamino group a phenylamino groups a thiol group an alkylthio group or an arylthio group. The reaction may be carried out with the anthraquinone - # - sulphonic acid in solution or suspension, e.g. in an alkali metal hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide electrolyte. The cathode may be of carbon, platinum, tungsten, lead, antimony, gold, nickel, tantalum, palladium, silver, tin, zinc, manganese, copper, cadmium, thallium, copper alloy, lead dioxide, mercury, gallium or a liquid amalgam and metal cathodes may be of bright rolled sheet or sponge. The anode may be of graphite, carbon, lead, lead dioxide, iron, nickel, platinum or platinized titanium. Anode and cathode may be separated by a diaphragm, e.g. of clay. The reaction vessel may form the cathode.