Patent GB-774290-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cathode ray tube display systems or apparatus
Inventor: CUTLER ALBERT ERNEST
IPC: G01S7/40
Filed: 1954-02-05
Abstract: 774,290. Air and marine traffic supervision. COMMUNICATIONS PATENTS, Ltd. Jan. 18, 1955 [Feb. 5, 1954; Feb. 8, 1954], Nos. 3452/54 and 3707/54. Class 118 (2). [Also in Groups XL (b) and XL (c)] Relates to a system for displaying the x and y co-ordinates of the positions of a number of craft, e.g. aircraft, ships or land vehicles, sequentially on a C.R.T. as luminous spots, each with an electronically-produced distinctive identification symbol, e.g. a numeral, adjacent thereto. In a first embodiment as illustrated in the Figures pairs of D.C. X and Y position deflection voltages corresponding to the x and y co-ordinates of the craft are applied sequentially to the C.R.T. together with scanning voltages which cause the cathode-ray to scan a small area adjacent to or including the luminous spot produced by the position voltages and the tube is intensity modulated by a set of symbol video signals, different sets of video signals producing different symbols being applied sequentially to the tube in synchronism with the sequential application of said X and Y signals. As described the video signals are generated by an iconoscope and applied directly to the display C.R.T., Figs. 1-4, or the video signals so generated are recorded photographically or on a magnetic drum, Fig. 5, and then reproduced electrically. In the second embodiment (not illustrated) the display tube is scanned by a conventional rectangular roster occupying all the screen of the tube and a rectangular array of symbols is scanned in a similar manner by a television camera, the position voltages and further symbol deflection voltages being applied sequentially to the camera deflection circuits so that during the application of any one set of position voltages the co-ordinates of the corresponding symbol relative to the centre of the camera scan are proportional to said position voltages; the video output corresponding to said symbol is then selected by gating and applied to the display tube. As shown in Figs. 1-3, pairs of A.C. voltages corresponding to the x and y co-ordinates of the craft are applied simultaneously to pairs of gates 27, 28; 33, 34, &c., the x and y outputs from the gates being applied in parallel to x and y amplifiers and rectifiers 39 and 43 producing D.C. voltages which are applied to the X and Y plates of the display C.R.T. 42. A 1,000 c/s oscillator 1 is coupled to the first and second guide electrodes 6, 3 of a 12-cathode dekatron counter 4 whose eleventh cathode 11k is coupled through an amplifier 14 to the guide electrodes of a 10- cathode dekatron 15 such that staggered trains of 100 c/s pulses are produced at the cathodes 11a . . . 11j of dekatron 4 and staggered trains of 10 c/s pulses are produced at the cathodes 22a . . . 22j of dekatron 15. Each pair of gates, e.g. 27, 28, is coupled to one cathode, e.g. 11a of dekatron 4 and to one cathode, e.g. 22a, of dekatron 15 such that any one pair of gates are open only when coincident gating pulses from dekatrons 4 and 15 are applied thereto so that it is possible to operate a hundred pairs of gates sequentially. A board 46, Fig. 2, is divided into a 10 Î 10 array of squares each containing a transparent numerical symbol and a pinhole 47, Fig. 3, in the bottom lefthand comer. A light source and diffusing screen is mounted in a box 48 behind the board 46 and a lens 49 focuses an image of the board 46 on to the mosaic screen of an iconoscope 51. The cathode-ray beam of the iconoscope is scanned over an area on the screen equal to the size of the image of one of the squares by means of a time-base unit 52 synchronized with oscillator 1 via unit 65 and the beam is also deflected in discrete steps from one image square to another by means of " staircase " waveforms applied to the X and Y deflection plates 53, 54 from leads 58, 63 and generated by coupling tapping points on the cathode resistors of dekatrons 4 and 15 to leads 58 and 63 through rectifiers 57a . . . 57b and 62a . . . 62b. The video output from the signal plate 50 of the iconoscope is applied to the grid of the display tube 42 via gate 74 coupled to synchronizing unit 65 and the output from time-base unit 52 is also applied to the deflection plates of tube 42 so that the identification number of each craft appears on the display tube at the side of a spot corresponding to the hole 47 whose position on the screen indicates the location of the craft. The heading of the craft may also be displayed by focusing on the mosaic screen of the iconoscope the image of a board 75 carrying a corresponding number of heading indicators; alternatively, each square on board 46 could contain both an identification number and a heading indication. In a modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), the output from time-base unit 52 as well as the video signal from the iconoscope are applied to display tube 42 through gate 74 which in this case is controlled by gating pulses from the cathodes of dekatrons 4 and 15 in a similar manner to the control of the x and y gates 27, 28; 33, 34 described above, manual switches being included in the gating pulse circuit so that gate 74 may be held closed in any selectable gate period thereby preventing the display of the corresponding identification number. In this modification number board 46 is not provided with pin holes 47 but brilliance pulses synchronized with oscillator 1 are applied to the grid of display tube 42, the gating pulses applied to gate 74 being delayed relative to the brilliance pulses so that a position-indicating spot is produced before the production of the corresponding identification number, said position-indicating spot being still produced when the identification number is switched out. In another modification, Fig. 5, both dekatrons 4 and 15 have 12 cathodes and the oscillator 1 and iconoscope 51, together with its associated components are replaced by a rotating magnetic drum 85 having seven record tracks 86 . . . 92 on which are respectively recorded (1) signal corresponding to the output from oscillator 1; (2) sets of symbol video signals corresponding to the output from iconoscope 51; (3) and (4) synchronizing pulses for dekatrons 4 and 15, (5) and (6) frame and line small area scanning voltages corresponding to the output from time-base unit 52, Fig. 2; and (7) gating pulses synchronized with the sets of video signals on the second track which are applied to control video signal gate 74. Each set of video signals on track (2) may produce both a position spot and an identification symbol; alternatively a spotproducing signal may be recorded on a separate track so that the identification can be switched out. In the second embodiment the electron beam of the iconoscope 51 and of the display tube 42, Fig. 2, scans an area corresponding to the whole of the box 46 and the D.C. X and Y position deflection voltages are applied to the iconoscope instead of to the display tube. The "staircase" deflection waveforms now cause the centre of the iconoscope raster to be deflected sequentially from one image square to another and the X and Y position voltages displace the centre of the iconoscope raster relative to an image square by amounts proportional to the co-ordinates of the craft identified by said image so that at the display tube 42 the displayed image is displaced from the centre of the display raster by the corresponding co-ordinates; the video output from the iconoscope is further gated so that only signals corresponding to the required image are applied to the display tube.