baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CA-1250383-A (CA)
Inventor: DROESCHER MICHAEL
IPC: C08L65/00
Filed: 1986-05-20
Granted: 1989-02-21
Abstract: ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE         A thermoplastic resin composition, which comprises (a) from 5 to 85 parts by weight of a melted or remelted preliminary molding compound consisting of from 60 to 98 parts by weight of a polyphenylene ether, 40 to 2 parts by weight of a polyoctylene, from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of maleic anhydride and from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a further acid derivative which has a melting point below 100°C and which is selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid having up to 14 carbon atoms, and an anhydride thereof, which excludes maleic anhydride, and an ester of mono- or dicarboxylic acid with an alcohol of up to 6 carbon atoms; and (b) from 95 to 15 parts by weight of an aliphatic homopolyamide or a copolyamide containing a preponderant amount of aliphatic monomer units, wherein the poly-phenylene ether particles are dispersed in the polyamide matrix and have a volume average diameter of below 2 µm.
Patent CA-1243206-A (CA)
Inventor: SEEMUTH PAUL D
IPC: F02B3/06
Filed: 1986-05-21
Granted: 1988-10-18
Abstract: ABSTRACT     The cetane number of diesel fuel is increased by the addition of a small amount of a 4-morpholine alkanol nitrate or a heterocyclic aliphatic nitrate or dinitrate compound.
Patent CA-1263376-A (CA)
Inventor: EIRICH PAUL
IPC: B01F29/83
Filed: 1986-06-06
Granted: 1989-11-28
Abstract: ABSTRACT                            PRESSURE-RESISTANT MIXER   Described is a pressure-resistant mixer with a feed opening (15), a notating mixing container (1) with a drainage device (20) and wich mixing tools (17) arranged eccentrically to the axis of the mixing container axis (35) inside the mixing container (1), and with drive motors (6, 22) and drive devices (33, 34) for driving the mixing devices (17) and/or the mixing container (1). In order, on the one hand, to avoid sliding seals in contact with the materials being mixed, and, on the other, to avoid having to use extremely large size seals, it is proposed in accordance with the invention to position the mixing container (1) inside a stationary pressure vessel (3).
Patent CA-1265519-A (CA)
Inventor: LAMATTINA JOHN L
IPC: C07D239/47
Filed: 1986-07-22
Granted: 1990-02-06
Abstract: HYDROXY AND ALKOXY PYRIMIDINES                         Abstract 2-Amino-4-substituted-5-(hydroxy or alkoxy)-pyrimidines, which may be 6-substituted, and deriva-tives thereof are inhibitors of leukotriene synthesis and are therefore useful for the treatment of pul-monary, inflammatory, allergic and cardiovascular diseases.  The compounds are also cytoprotective and therefore useful in the treatment of peptic ulcers.
Patent CA-1275049-A (CA)
Inventor: WHALEN SCOTT D
IPC: A61K9/22
Filed: 1986-08-15
Granted: 1990-10-09
Abstract: ABSTRACT                 DRUG PARTICLES HAVING CONSTANT RELEASE       Drug particles are disclosed which reduce the variation in dissolution rate with time frequently found with sustained-release dosage forms. This is achieved by coating the drug particle, which may contain a surfactant and a disintegrant in addition to the drug active, with a first coating of a water soluble polymer, a second coating of an enteric material and a third coating of a material which is insoluble at any pH and acts as a diffusion barrier for the drug active.
Patent CA-1274704-A (CA)
Inventor: ELIAS LORNE
IPC: G01N1/00
Filed: 1986-10-16
Granted: 1990-10-02
Abstract: T I T L E                        A SORBENT TUBE, THE INJECTION APPARATUS     INVENTORS                         Lorne Elias André H. Lawrence ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE     A sorbent tube, thermal injection apparatus compri-ses a tubular casing for connection at a downstream end to, say, a gas chromatograph, a spring loaded valve in the bore of the casing, a valved, purging gas inlet downstream of the spring loaded valve and a sorbent tube receiving end portion upstream thereof, surrounded by a heating coil, and fitted with an O-ring seal.          The tubular casing is connected to a sample entry of a gas chromatograph and purging gas is fed to the gas chromatograph.  A sample carrying end of a sorbent tube is inserted in the tubular casing to depress and open the spring loaded valve while a carrier gas is fed along the sorbent tube and the heating coil heats the sample carrying end to release the sample.  The purging gas is shut off to allow the carrier gas to convey the sample into the gas chromatograph.
Patent CA-1256215-A (CA)
Inventor: BALDWIN GARY
IPC: H03K17/693
Filed: 1986-10-30
Granted: 1989-06-20
Abstract: Abstract A high speed monolithic current switching digital-to-analog   converter  (DAC)  having  a  sampled  output  is provided.  The DAC includes an output sampling circuit which is  an on/off switch rather than a sample and hold  circuit.          Elimination  of  a  holding capacitor  results  in   faster switching  and less error.   The sampler is a  differential, triple   balanced   architecture  which  steers  the   DAC's differential  outputs alternately to a load resistor  via  a balancing transformer and to ground.  The sampler includes a three-stage,  AC  coupled  GaAs  pre-amp  which  provides  a complementary clock to drive the sampler.
Patent CA-1266278-A (CA)
Inventor: JEFFERY JAMES E
IPC: C07C/
Filed: 1986-12-17
Granted: 1990-02-27
Abstract: Abstract N,N-Dimethyl-1-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]-3-methylbutylamine   hydrochloride   monohydrate   is   a non-hygroscopic  material  which  can  be  used  as  a pharmaceutical in the treatment of depression.
Patent CA-1274074-A (CA)
Inventor: TAGA YUKIO
IPC: A44B19/52
Filed: 1987-07-23
Granted: 1990-09-18
Abstract: ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE     A garment-fastener assembling apparatus includes a combined supporting and connecting mechanism composed of a pivot lever rotatably mounted on a frame and pivotably connected at its one end with the cylinder tube of a punch-driving cylinder and at the other end with a first pusher mechanism having a first pusher, and a spring-biased slide rod slidably mounted on the frame and having one end pivoted to the pivot lever adjacent to the cylinder tube.          The slide rod is normally urged such that during a portion of the movment of the piston rod from the cylinder tube adjacent to the fully retracted position of the piston rod, the pivot lever operates the first pusher mechanism to retract and advance the first pusher.  With the combined mechanism thus constructed, a punch and the first pusher can be driven in an acculate timed relation to one another.          The first pusher mechanism includes a chshioning arrangement for preventing advancing movment of the first pusher if an element-feed passage is jammed by a foreign matter.  The stroke of a second pusher can be adjusted independently from the stroke of a die by a cam block connected to the piston rod of a die-driving cylinder.
Patent CH-530410-A (CH)
Title: Antibronchospasmodic hypolipidic triazolopyrimidines
Inventor: MICHAEL DUKES
IPC: C07D249/14
Filed: 1969-09-15
Abstract: Antibronchospasmodic hypolipidic triazolopyrimidines. M3A. Are new cmpds. of formula (I): (where R1 is NH2 opt. acylated with R4CO or R4CS, where R4 is 1-6C alkyl or alkoxy, Ph or halophenyl; 1-10C alkylamino or up to 15C (halo)phenalkylamino opt. acylated as above; up to 12C dialkylamino; urea gp. opt. substd. by 1-6C alkyl or (halo)phenyl; COOH,HOCH2, carbamoyl or carbazoyl opt. substd. by 1-6C alkyl; R2 is 1-10C alkyl, 3-6C cycloalkyl or up to 4C alkenyl; R3 is H, halogen or 1-10C (hydroxy)alkyl; X or Y is CO or cS and the other is H or 1-4C alkyl and the double bond is in position 5, 6 or 6,7). - Prefd. cpds. include 2-amino-6-methyl-5-oxo-4-n-propyl-4, 5-dihydro-s-triazolo  1,5-a  pyrimidine (II).
Patent CH-504842-A (CH)
Title: Chocolate products manu
Inventor: DEL CARLO DOMENICO
IPC: A23G1/20
Filed: 1970-02-13
Abstract: Machine for the manufacture of chocolate products of varying composition and shape, comprising an endless conveyor belt running horizontally between two side walls so that it constitutes a type of mobile platform on to which the hot liquid chocolate can be filtered to form a strip, a gate or shutter being arranged above the conveyor belt at a controlled height to level off the strip and then passed through a cold air cooler; the trough has upper openings corresponding to the spaced, liquid chocolate discharge nozzles which are fed by a system of double-walled tubes designed to carry hot water in the jacket and regulated by an electromagnetic valve, controlled by a photoelectric cell situated at the side of the belt and coming into action when the chocolate layer on the belt exceeds a predetermined height and interrupts a light beam.
Patent CH-510259-A (CH)
Title: Detection of substances in aqueous fluids
Inventor: AENEAS JOHN SHAND
IPC: G01N33/52
Filed: 1967-03-10
Abstract: An anhydrous composition for the detection of a substance in an aqueous fluid, comprising (A) a compound which reacts specifically with the substance to be detected, but only in an acidic medium, and (B) a solid addition product of a Friedel-Crafts salt (e.g. SnCl4, BCl3, BF3, AlCl3, FeCl3 or ZnCl2) and an organic Lewis base (e.g. an amine, amide, imide, urea, ether, cyclic ether or nitrile) which is hydrolysable by an aqueous fluid into a mineral acid which furnishes an acidic medium for the composition. The composition may also contain a neutral or weakly acidic salt to augment the buffering power of the acid formed by hydrolysis of (B). Colorimetric detection (i.e. quantitative, semi quantitative or qualitative analysis) of aqueous biological, industrial or other fluids employing reactions which only operate at an acidic pH.
Patent CH-501000-A (CH)
Title: 2 7-diamino-6-arylpyrido 2 3-d-pyrimidine cpds
Inventor: JOHN DAVOLL
IPC: C07D309/12
Filed: 1968-11-08
Abstract: (A) Cmpds. of (I) - where R1 and R2 = H or alkyl, and Ar = thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl, or   where R3, R4 and R5 = H, Hal (1-4C) alkyl, (1-4C)O-alkyl, (1-4C) S alkyl, OH, NO2, NH2, or (2-8C) N (alkyl)2. - (B) Salts of (I). - Diuretics and sodiouretics, with little anti-folic acid activity. - 2,4-Diamino-5-pyrimidinecarbonaldehyde (2.07g.) and PhCH2 CN (1.76 g.), were refluxed 2 hr. in a soln. of sodium 2-ethoxyethanolate (0.14 g. Na in 60 ml. EtOCH2CH2OH), cooled, and filtered. The crude product was dissolved in DMF (100 ml.) and AcOH (20 ml.), charcoaled, filtered, basified with c.NH4OH (40 ml.) in DMF (100 ml.), dild. with H2O, filtered, and dried, giving (I), as the free base, m.p. 317-8 deg., (I) - 1/2 H2SO4 m.p. 229-231 deg.
Patent CH-507894-A (CH)
Title: Production of 11-desoxyprostaglandin and its homologues
Inventor: JEHAN F BAGLI
IPC: C07C405/00
Filed: 1967-05-10
Abstract: Preparation of 9,15-dihydroxy-prostene-(13)-acid (11-desoxyprostaglandin) and its homologues, (I) where n = integer from 1 to 6 (11-desoxyprostaglandin has n = 4). The compounds show hypotensive and anti-hypertensive activity. 19 mg. Sodium borohydride is added to a solution of 44 mg. 9-hydroxy-15-oxoprostene-(13)-acid in 2.5 cc. isopropanol and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hr. Ether is added and the mixture is shaken three times with water. The water layer is acidified and extracted with ether. Evaporation of the ether gives 11-desoxy-prostaglandin.
Patent CH-529201-A (CH)
Title: Brown disazo pigment prodn
Inventor: SCHNABEL ERNFRED DR
IPC: C09B43/38
Filed: 1970-06-18
Abstract: Pigments of formula (I) (in which R is H or CH3) are produced by reacting cpd. of the formula (II) with SOCl2 and then condensing the resulting acid chloride with diamine in a molar ratio of 2:1. - The resulting pigments have high light, weathering- and heating-fastness, and are resistant to migration. They can be used in graphic printing pastes, papers, polymers (esp. hard and soft PVC and polypropylene) and stoving lacquers (esp. thermoplastic or thermosetting acrylic resin lacquers or metal-effect lacquers).
Patent CH-531082-A (CH)
Title: Textile finishing prodn - for partially shrunk crumpled effect using organic swelling agent and heat
Inventor: DIPL-CHEM MULLER VOLKMAR DR
IPC: D06C23/04
Filed: 1968-06-05
Abstract: A uniform appearance pattern is obtained by first printing the surface of the textile of at least part synthetic fibres, using as ink a mixture of 1/3-1/2 water soluble swelling agent for those fibres with 2/3-1/2 of partly- or insoluble agents in solid form with a m.pt. of 50-230 degrees C. The subsequent heat-treatment is either two stage i.e. drying at 50-90 degrees C. followed by shrinkage at 110 degrees-150 degrees C. or these two may be combined in a single stage at 110-150 degrees C.
Patent CH-522651-A (CH)
Title: (A) Cpds:- W = NO2, CN, H, or Ph P = H or NO2, with the proviso that at least one of W and P = NO2 Q = alkylene, alkenylene, aralkylene, or alkylidene R = alky
Inventor: JOHN ALAN CARLSON
IPC: C07D487/04
Filed: 1966-07-07
Abstract: (A) Cpds. (I) W = NO2, CN, H, or Ph P = H or NO2, with the proviso that at least one of W and P = NO2 Q = alkylene, alkenylene, aralkylene, or alkylidene R = alkyl opt. subst. by oxo, alkenyl, acyl-O-, alkyl-O-, aralkyl-O-, aryl-O-, alkyl-OCO-, aralkyl-O-CO, CO2H, carbamoyloxy, Opt. subst. carbamoyl, opt. subst. CONH2, opt. subst. aryl, OH, halogen, SH, S-alkyl, S-aralkyl, S-aryl, alkyl-SO-, aralkyl-SO-, aryl-SO-, alkyl-SO2, aralkyl-SO2, aryl-SO2, heteroalkyl, NH2, NHalkyl, or N(alkyl)2; opt. subst. aryl, or -CH2CH2- linking N to the residue Q. T = a halocarbonate, halothiocarbonate, -CN, -SCN, carbamoyloxy, carbamoylthio, thionocarbamoyloxy, thionocarbamoylthio, pseudo-ureido, pseudo-thioureido, and their N- and N,N-substd. derivs. or a residue of formula- A = O or S M = O, S, NH, or N-alkyl, R3 and R4 = H, alkyl, opt. subst. by halogen, OH, alkoxy, aralkoxy, aryloxy, carbalkoxy, carbaralkoxy, oxo, acyloxy, SH, alkyl-S-, aralkyl-S-, aryl-S-, alkyl-SO, aralkyl-SO, aryl-SO, alkyl-SO2, aralkyl-SO2, aryl-SO2, opt. subst. carbamoyloxy, opt. subst. carbamoyl, opt. subst. sulphamoyl, opt. subst. thiocarbamoyl, opt. subst. dithiocarbamoyl, opt. subst. NH2 or heteroalkyl; opt. subst. aryl; acyl or derivs. such as cyanoacyl, chlorosulphonyl, dichlorophosphoryl; opt. subst. OH; opt. subst. NH2; opt. subst. carbamoyl; opt. subst. thiocarbamoyl; opt. subst. sulphamoyl; opt. subst. alkylidene; opt. subst. aralkylidene, heterocyclic alkylcarbonyl; and/or NO2, with the proviso that if R3 and R4 are linked directly, R3 and R4 = -(CH2)2R5(CH2)2-, where R5 = O, S, CH2, NH, N-alkyl, or a single C-C bond. Y = a bonding residue, e.g. -(CH2)n- where n = 2 or 3. (B) Acid addn. salts of (I).
Patent DK-130680-A (DK)
Inventor: GOLZ H J
IPC: H01M10/48
Filed: 1980-03-26
Abstract: The grid frame surfaces of the plate block are bridged in electrolytically conductive manner. As a result of the forming process, these surfaces exhibit sufficient traces of active mass. A brush-like instrument is used, whose bristles are capillaries which communicate through an electrolyte container. In a closed multi-cell battery, each plate block is contacted at its grid frame through the filler opening by the capillaries of an instrument supported above the filler opening. The battery voltage is measured at the terminals. This would otherwise be measurable only after filling with electrolyte.
Patent DK-256285-A (DK)
Inventor: BELKA HEINRICH
IPC: B62J15/00
Filed: 1985-06-06
Abstract: The invention proposes an electrical contact terminal arrangement for cycle fenders constructed from a molded multi-layer laminate of plastic with at least one metal foil layer embedded therein. The arrangement includes a metal head having a substantially flat underside which is pressed against an outer surface of the fender. A shaft-like projection is formed onto the underside of the head, extending at right angles to the underside and when mounted penetrating the fender. An attachment means anchored on this projection secures the contact terminal arrangement in the cycle fender. In order to attain long service life of the contact location between the metal foil and the contact arrangement projection, and to attain low transitional resistance, only one shaft-like projection is provided, disposed concentrically with the head. A large number of contact protrusions is embodied on the outer circumference of the shaft-like projection, extending in the longitudinal direction thereof. The attachment arrangement likewise concentrically surrounds the shaft-like projection.
Patent DK-307484-A (DK)
Inventor: HARTMANN UWE
IPC: H04N3/16
Filed: 1984-06-22
Abstract: 1. A circuit arrangement for the vertical deflection of electron beams in a television picture tube, wherein the deflection current is obtained by actuating, with line-frequency, pulse-width-modulated signals, a bipolar switch (2, 3), one contact of which is directly at reference potential and the other contact of which is connected to reference potential through a series connection consisting of a winding (8) of the line transformer, of an integrating coil (4) and of an integrating capacitor (5), one connection of the deflection winding (6) of the television picture tube being connected to a positive supply voltage (+) through a precision resistor (7), characterised in that an inductive component (4', 9) is connected in series with the integrating capacitor (5) and that the other connection of the deflection winding (6) of the television picture tube is connected to the reference potential through the series connection of the inductive component (4', 9) and the integrating capacitor (5), the inductive component being so dimensioned that it at least compensates the current through the deflection winding (6) resulting from the line-frequency residual voltage at the integrating capacitor (5).
Patent DK-314088-A (DK)
Inventor: BUNTAIN IAN GEORGE
IPC: C07D231/38
Filed: 1988-06-09
Abstract: N-Phenylpyrazole derivatives of the formula: <CHEM>  wherein R<1> represents cyano, nitro, halogen, acetyl or formyl: R<2> represents R<5>SO2, R<5>SO or R<5>S in which R<5> is optionally halogen substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl; R<3> represents a hydrogen atom or a group NR<6>R<7> wherein R<6> and R<7> each represent hydrogen, alkyl, alkenylalkyl, alkynylalkyl, formyl, optionally halogen substituted alkanoyl, optionally halogen substituted alkoxycarbonyl, or alkoxymethyleneamino, halogen, or R<6> and R<7> together form a cyclic imide and R<4> represents a substituted phenyl group possess arthropodicidal, plant nematocidal, anthelmintic and anti-protozoal properties; their preparation, compositions containing them and their use are described.
Patent DK-341687-A (DK)
Inventor: HANSEN FINN BENNED
Filed: 1987-07-03
Abstract: Previously unknown human insulin analogues of high biological activity in which the amino acid residue PheB25 is replaced by His or Tyr and in which further replacements may occur in one or more of the positions A4, A8, A17, A21, B9, B10, B12, B13, B21, B26, B27, B28 and B30, and in which the amino acid residue in the B30 position can furthermore be entirely lacking or can be blocked C-terminally in the form of an ester or amide.
Patent DK-432485-A (DK)
Inventor: SANDSTROEM GUNNAR
IPC: A61K39/00
Filed: 1985-09-24
Abstract: A method of detecting biological substances having affinity properties by passing the substance to be detected in a flow over a solid surface to which surface a second substance, to which the substance to be detected shows affinity, is attached, so that the two substances form a complex and give enrichment of the substance to be detected. 
<??>A means for detecting biological substances consisting of a flow of a fluid sample of the substance to be detected generated via a pump over a solid surface to which another substance, to which the first substance to be detected shows affinity, is attached, so that a complex is formed of the two substances and gives enrichment of the substance to be detected.
Patent DK-560681-A (DK)
Inventor: ZEEH B
IPC: C07D249/08
Filed: 1981-12-17
Abstract: alpha -Azolylglycols of the formula   <IMAGE>   where R1 is alkyl, R2 is alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or biphenyl, R3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or unsubstituted or substituted benzyl and X is CH or N, their plant-tolerated salts and metal complexes, their preparation, and their use as plant growth regulators.
Patent DK-659289-A (DK)
Inventor: GASPERS JOHANNES
IPC: G11B17/035
Filed: 1989-12-22
Abstract: 1. Loading device for a recording and/or playback apparatus for recording discs of different diameter. 
<??>2.1 Apart from customary CDs, in the meantime a CD of smaller diameter, the so-called mini CD, is on the market. To be able to play a mini CD in a CD player, it has to be manually inserted into a usually ring-shaped adaptor. 
<??>2.2 In order to save the user both from requiring this accessory and from the tiresome handling it involves, the loading device (N) has a depression (V) for receiving the disc (CD) of the larger diameter, the edge of which secures the disc (CD) against shifting. A clearance (AS) for a lowerable rest (L) is provided in the centre of the depression (V). On the circumference of an imaginary circle, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the smaller disc (M), there are arranged on the rest (L) at least three supports (S), which on the one hand secure the smaller disc (M) against shifting and on which on the other hand the disc (CD) of larger diameter rests. By lowering the rest (L) by means of an arm (AR), which is pivotally fastened on the loading device (N), an inserted disc is brought into the playback position. 
<??>2.3 CD players, magneto-optical equipment, DRAW-disc players, video disc players. 
<IMAGE>
Patent DK-701788-A (DK)
Inventor: HALENBECK ROBERT F
IPC: C12N15/27
Filed: 1988-12-16
Abstract: Dimeric, biologically active CSF-1 is isolated from bacterially expressed recombinant CSF-1 genes. The process comprises isolating the solubilized monomeric form, following the isolation by dimerizing it under refolding conditions and then subjecting the dimer to further purification. It is also possible to use this process for preparing heterodimers. <IMAGE>
Patent FI-854788-A (FI)
Inventor: NEEF GUENTER
IPC: C07J41/00
Filed: 1985-12-03
Abstract: 1. 13 alpha-alkylgonanes of general formula I  see diagramm : EP0186834,P6,F4  wherein R represents an acyl radical having up to 10 C atoms and X represents an oxygen atom or the grouping N apprch OH.
Patent FI-854944-A (FI)
Inventor: LIU PAUL S
IPC: C07H15/26
Filed: 1985-12-13
Abstract: Homonojirimycin glycosides active as inhibitors of carbohydrate digestive enzymes are described herein. The compounds are prepared by the reaction of an appropriately protected homonojirimycin with a protected glycosyl halide followed by removal of the protecting groups.
Patent FI-860969-A (FI)
Inventor: IWATA NOBUYOSHI
IPC: A61P25/26
Filed: 1986-03-07
Abstract: Compounds of formula (I):(wherein R' and R<sup>2</sup> are hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy or acyloxy or R<sup>2</sup> is hydrogen, R<sup>3</sup> is hydrogen or alkyl and R<sup>4</sup> and R<sup>5</sup> are hydrogen or various organic substituents) have valuable antidepressant activity and may be used in the treatment of mental depression. They may be prepared by a variety of processes.
Patent FI-862920-A (FI)
Inventor: PARNOFF GEORGE KENNETH
IPC: A61M16/08
Filed: 1986-07-11
Abstract: An adaptor assembly is described for sampling gas in an airway tube attached to a patient. The adaptor assembly employs a filter arrangement in a subassembly which extends transversely of the axis of the patient's airway and maximizes the ratio of the effective filter area to the dead volume added by the adaptor assembly to the sampling system.
Patent FI-863871-A (FI)
Inventor: BAUER JOHANN
IPC: H01H50/66
Filed: 1986-09-25
Abstract: An auxiliary switch hookup assembly in a motor contactor includes a slide member biased by a spring and forming a portion of the limiting wall for the reception of an auxiliary switch. The spring force exerted by the biasing spring can be greater than a total force exerted by restoring and contact compression springs of the motor contactor.