Patent GB-484903-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of basic substituted fibrous or film-like material
IPC: D06P5/22
Filed: 1936-08-10
Abstract: Basic groups are introduced into natural or artificial fibrous or film-like materials containing hydrogen bound to carbon or nitrogen and capable of reacting with carboxyl compounds by treating such materials with a reactive substance of the general formula <FORM:0484903/IV/1> or <FORM:0484903/IV/2> or <FORM:0484903/IV/3> wherein X, Y, and Z each represent O-alkyl, S-alkyl, a residue of a secondary amine or an amide residue linked through the N atom, halogen or a sulphonic acid residue, X may also represent OH, SH, O-acyl or S-acyl or an easily hydrolyzable organic residue linked through carbon, R and R1 each represent H or an organic residue or together represent an alkylene residue, R1 and R2 represent alkyl or aralkyl, substituted or not, or both symbols R1 or two of the symbols R2 together represent an alkylene residue or the three symbols R2 represent a trivalent residue forming a heterocyclic ring with the N-atom and linked thereto by a single and a double bond, R3 represents a divalent residue and An represents an anion equivalent. The substance may be applied in aqueous solution or as vapour or the treatment may be with components capable of forming the substance. Specified fibrous and film-like materials treated are silk, wool, hair, tanned or untanned hides, artificial threads or films of fibroin, polyamides of high molecular weight, e.g. polyacrylic acid amide, cellulose xanthate, fatty acid amides and novolaks.  Specified reactive substances are dimethyl aminomethanol, piperidomethanol, tetramethylmethylenediamine, the product of reaction of dimethylolurea (1 mol.) with dimethylamine (2 mols.), an N-dimethylaminomethylamide of a fatty acid, methoxymethylpyridinium chloride, the product of reaction of a  : a 1 - dichlorodimethyl ether (1 mol.) with pyridine (2 mols.), a pyridinium salt substituted in 2-position by halogen, SH, O-alkyl or SO3H, the product of reaction of diethylaminomethyl chloride with methylmercaptan, condensation products of b -ketonic acid esters or b -diketones with formaldehyde and dimethylamine.  As components of the reactive substances are specified, as amines, dimethyl-, diethyl- and dibutyl-amines, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine thiomorpholine and piperazine and, as carbonyl compounds, formaldehyde and glyoxal. Substances yielding the carbonyl compounds, e.g. their bisulphite compounds, trioxymethylene and the methylol compounds of urea, thiourea, guanidine or cyanuric acid may also be used.  The treatment may be by way of impregnation or printing and may be facilitated by the presence of a swelling agent for the fibrous or film-like materials.  The treated materials have an increased affinity for dyestuffs, dyestuff components, mordants, softeners, insecticides and matting agents of acid reaction and such affinity may be further increased by a treatment with an alkylating agent such as a toluenesulphonic acid alkyl ester, an alkyl halide, a halogen fatty acid ester, an alkylene oxide or sulphide, epichlorhydrin, trimethyloxidopropylammonium iodide, diethylethyleneiminium chloride or 3-chloro-1 : 2-propylenesulphide.  Such alkylation may be effected before or after dyeing.  In examples, (1) skeins of schappe silk are treated with a solution of dimethylaminomethanol containing some trimethylamine, centrifuged and kept for 8 hours in a moist atmosphere at 50 DEG  C.; the treated silk has a high affinity for acid dyestuffs, e.g. Orange II, and the fastness of the dyeing to washing may be improved by an after-treatment with epichlorhydrin vapour; the treatment also improves the affinity for direct dyes and for indigosols and is applicable for obtaining effects in printing; (2) woollen yarn is similarly treated with dimethylaminomethanol and epichlorhydrin to increase its affinity for acid dyes, e.g. Orange II and Alizarine direct blue A; (3) fibroin artificial silk is treated for 4 hours with a solution of dimethylaminomethanol at 40 DEG  C.; (4) an ethylcellulose thread containing polyacrylic acid amide is immersed for 16 hours in a solution of dimethylaminomethanol at 80 DEG  C., dyed with an acid dyestuff, e.g. Orange II, Alkali fast green 10G or Brilliant indocyanine G and after-treated with epichlorhydrin; (5) an ethylcellulose thread containing a novolak from phenol (10 mols.) and formaldehyde (5 mols.) is treated as in (4); (6) an acetylcellulose film containing a novolak from phenol (10 mols.) and formaldehyde (7 mols.) is treated for 18 hours with an aqueous solution at 50 DEG  C. containing dimethylamine and formaldehyde in equimolecular proportions and dyed with Orange II; by doubling the proportion of dimethylamine used a stronger dyeing is obtained owing to deeper saponification of the film.  A sample has been furnished under Sect. 2 (5) of a satin fabric obtained by heating a satin from unloaded silk for 8 hours in a moist atmosphere at 60 DEG  C. containing tetramethylmethylenediamine and dyed with Orange II.  Specifications 463,043, 467,173, and 469,457 are referred to.