baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FI-971664-A (FI)
Inventor: MAEKINEN JORMA
IPC: H04B3/23
Filed: 1997-04-18
Abstract: The invention relates to echo cancelling methods used in telephone systems, more specifically to echo cancelling methods based on two filters. The echo cancelling method according to the invention employs two adaptive filters, namely, a main filter (10) and a background filter (50). The purpose of the background filter (50) is to guard against errors in the main filter (10) model. The main and background filter coefficients are updated on different conditions, and the residual signals (L_RES1, L_RES2) produced by the filters are compared to each other. The set of filter coefficients used for generating the echo canceller's output signal (S_OUT) is selected on the basis of said comparison of the residual signals. The selection of the set of filter coefficients is carried out either by copying the background filter coefficients to the main filter or by interchanging the background and main filter functions. Operation of the echo canceller in a double talk situation is enhanced by comparing the residual signals produced by the two filters frequency band by frequency band, thus avoiding errors caused by echo-resembling correlations caused by random loud sounds in double talk situations. <IMAGE>
Patent FI-974291-A (FI)
Inventor: CHEW CHARLES J
IPC: F24C1/12
Filed: 1997-11-21
Abstract: The method involves use of a structure having a source of IR radiation, which contains a first device for emitting IR radiation of a first wavelength and a second device spaced from the first device and heated by the IR radiation emitted by the first device for emitting IR radiation of a second wavelength. The method also entails moving an object relative to the structure to a position adjacent the source of IR radiation. This is then followed by operating the source of IR radiation so as to emit IR radiation of the second wavelength toward the portion of the object to be de- iced. The second wavelength of the radiation emitted by the source of IR radiation is controlled by adjusting the spacing between the first and second devices.
Patent FI-974586-A (FI)
Inventor: JERNSTROEM ROLF
IPC: E04H12/02
Filed: 1997-12-19
Abstract: The invention relates to a post (1), in which there is an integral lead or wiring harness (5), for conducting a current, signal or similar.
Patent GB-1025854-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to load-distributing structures
IPC: E01C9/08
Filed: 1964-01-09
Abstract: 1,025,854. Temporary roadways; metal flooring. R. S. COLQUHOUN. March 15, 1965 [Jan. 9, 1964], No. 1016/64. Headings E1G and E1V. A load distributing structure comprises a plurality of metal planks 10 of multichannel cross-section with flanges 23, 24 on the webs 18 and corrugations 25 on the upper surface, each plank has tubular cross members and is filled with a compression resistant material. The planks may be arranged in stretcher bond and clamped together by rods or wires through the cross members. The filling material may be foamed polyurethane and the upper surface may have rectangular slots 27 bounded by transverse ribs 28.
Patent GB-385444-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to spectacles
IPC: G02C5/22
Filed: 1932-01-13
Abstract: 385,444. Spectacles. WINDHAM, SIR W. G., 25, Berkeley Square, London. Jan. 13, 1932, No. 1060. [Class 97 (i).] The side arms or temple pieces a are removably fitted into sockets b carried by hinge members on the frame. The length of the arm can be adjusted if required by folding it on to the frame, pushing it through the socket to the desired length, and cutting off the superfluous projecting part. When adjusted, the arm is secured in the socket, e.g. by a set-screw or by pressing the socket wall into a recess in the arm.
Patent GB-1138673-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to semiconductor devices
Inventor: PURDOM NEIL STUART
IPC: H01L23/49
Filed: 1967-01-09
Abstract: 1,138,673. Semi-conductor device. WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO. Ltd. 17 Nov., 1967 [9 Jan., 1967], No. 1099/67. Heading H1K. A connector of a semi-conductor device 1 comprises a plurality of independent electrically-conductive connections 4 extending through and bonded to a mass of electrically insulating material 5 and emerging at one face to terminate in ends 6, 7, resiliently urged into engagement with contact areas 2, 3, respectively, of the device. The mass 5 is sufficiently flexible to accommodate any discrepancies in relative levels of the faces of the contact areas. The device and its connector are enclosed in an hermetically sealed encapsulating housing and parts 8 and 9 of the connections 4 receive electrical leads which pass through the housing.
Patent GB-680562-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic relays
Inventor: FRYDMAN EMANUEL
IPC: H01H51/08
Filed: 1950-01-17
Abstract: 680,562. Electromagnetic relays. AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE & ELECTRIC CO., Ltd. Jan. 9, 1951 [Jan. 17, 1950], No. 1156/50. Class 38 (v) In a relay in which successive impulses move contacts alternately into different positions, a ratchet wheel 18 is carried by lugs 16 on the leaf spring 15 which operates the contact springs and is moved bodily as well as rotarily by the impulses. On energization of the magnet an armature 12 is attracted and the spring 15 raised causing the operation of the contact springs by the lifting pins 26. The ratchet wheel 18 is also lifted bodily and slightly rotated by engagement of a tooth with a fixed pawl 23. On deenergization, at the end of the impulse, the wheel 18 moves back slightly and rotates slightly due to the engagement of another tooth with a fixed pawl 24. but the full bodily return movement is prevented by a fixed stop 25 engaging a part 31 filling up the space between two teeth of the wheel, and the contact springs remain operated. A similar action occurs at the next impulse but the wheel 18 this time returns the whole way at the end of the impulse as the stop 25 enters between two teeth, and the contact springs are therefore restored to their original position.
Patent GB-570734-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rotary swaging machines
IPC: B21J7/16
Filed: 1944-01-21
Abstract: 570,734. Forging-machines. SMITH, S. Jan. 21, 1944, No. 1187. [Class 83 (iv)] Rotary swaging-machines have the shape of the hammer blocks e, that transmit blows from the rollers to the die sections f, controlled by wedges g located in overlapping transverse slots in the blocks e and in the guide channel c secured in a transverse slot in the head b of the rotary spindle. The wedges are adjusted by screws g<1>, provided with lock-nuts h, that abut the wedges.
Patent GB-802199-A (GB)
Title: A movable piston structure for a fluid storage tank
IPC: B65D88/34
Filed: 1957-01-11
Abstract: 802,199. Gas-holders; tanks. WIGGINS, J. H. Jan. 11, 1957, No. 1189/57. Classes 54 and 69 (1). The weighted piston of a storage tank for gas or a volatile liquid consists of a relatively flexible diaphragm 17 reinforced by an annulus 18 which is braced to the diaphragm in such a manner that the torsional moments applied to the annulus from the inner and outer portions 19 and 20 of the diaphragm are in opposite directions and tend to minimize the torsional stresses in the annulus. As applied to the gasholder 10 of Fig. 1, the annulus is formed by concrete cast in situ between permanent or removable forms 21, 22. Upstanding struts 33, 34 and 35 on the central portion 19 of the diaphragm are braced to the bottom of the annulus by tension rods or cables 36, 36a and the outer portion 20 and an upright fender 28 are braced to the annulus by struts 25, 29 and 32; the bracing is anchored to the annulus by means of plates 30 or 38 connected to rods 31 or 38a extending radially through the concrete. Circular re-inforcing members may be embedded in the upper portion of the annulus. For supporting the piston on the base of the holder in a position accessible from underneath, flanged pipes 50 with gas-tight caps 54 are welded to the diaphragm and embedded in the concrete and support legs may be fitted to these pipes. A curtain seal 24 or other type of seal is provided between the fender 28 and the side of the holder. The piston is balanced to maintain a horizontal position by a pair of weights 39 arranged at 90 degrees spacing and each connected by a pair of double cables to opposite sides of the piston. In the tank shown in Fig. 6, the vapour above a volatile liquid is maintained at a pressure either greater or less than atmospheric pressure by a piston sliding in the upper portion 75 of the tank and comprising a relatively flexible diaphragm 79 reinforced by an annulus 81 of channel-section steel, the annulus being braced to the diaphragm by struts 84, 85. The piston is balanced by a pair of counterweights 91 and double cables at 90 degrees to each other. Where the weight of the counterweights is greater than that of the piston assembly, in order to maintain the vapour at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure, circular backing bands 102 are provided to support a curtain seal 86, when the piston is in its lower position.
Patent GB-1262439-A (GB)
Title: Improved cold trap
IPC: G21C19/313
Filed: 1971-01-11
Abstract: 1,262,439. Cooling reactors. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. 11 Jan., 1971 [4 Feb., 1970], No. 1196/71. Heading G6C. In a nuclear reactor liquid metal cooling circuit, the impurities are precipitated in a cold trap through which the coolant is circulated by electromagnetic action induced by an external polyphase magnetic field. The impure sodium is drawn downwards, through the economizer 25, by the action of the polyphase stator 14, into the annulus 20 where it is cooled by the air flow through the passage 13. The impurities collect at 34 and the purified sodium flows upwards through the mesh 19 and is discharged through outlet 31. The thermocouple 22 may be connected to a cooling air controller.
Patent GB-372808-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric motor control systems
IPC: H02P3/18
Filed: 1931-01-13
Abstract: 372,808. Control of A. C. motors. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., Magnet House, Kingsway, London, and COATES, H. J., of General Electric Co., Engineering Works, Witton, Birmingham. Jan. 13, 1931, No. 1217. [Class 38 (iii).] Non-regenerative braking.-During plugging of an induction motor 1, an extra resistance 7 is inserted in the secondary circuit by means responsive to the ratio of secondary voltage to line voltage. A controller 14 when moved from the "off" position effects closure of forward contactor 3, and also closure of contactor 25 over finger 18 and relay contacts 38, 31. Closure of contactor 25 causes closure of contactor 10 to short-circuit the resistance 7. Further movement of the controller operates the liquid rheostat 9. If the controller is thrown from forward to reverse position, contactors 3, 25, 10 open as it passes through the " off " position and thereafter contactor 5 closes. If the motor was running at high speed, the effect of closing contactor 5 will be to induce in the secondary circuit a voltage which will cause relay coil 34 to overpower coil 32 thus opening contacts 31 and so preventing closure of contactors 25, 10. As the relay opens contacts 31 it also closes contacts 30 and thus energizes a relay coil 39 to close contacts 37 to maintain it energized until the controller 14 is returned to the "off" position and to open contacts 38 so as to prevent closure of contactors 25, 10 even though contacts 31 reclose.
Patent GB-802978-A (GB)
Title: Substituted propanediol dicarbamates and their preparation
IPC: C07C271/06
Filed: 1957-01-11
Abstract: The invention comprises 2-n-propyl-, 2-tert-butyl-, 2-sec.-butyl-, 2-n-amyl-, 2-(1-methyl-butyl)-, 2-methyl-2-n-butyl-, 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-, 2-methyl-2-n-amyl-, 2-ethyl-2-n-propyl-, 2-isobutyl- and 2-n-butyl-1 : 3-propanediol dicarbamates and their preparation by reacting the appropriate 1 : 3-propanediol with phosgene to form the corresponding dichlorocarbonate and converting this to the dicarbamate by ammoniation.  Preferably an acid-combining agent such as 1 : 5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-3-pyrazolone, dimethylaniline or sodium hydroxide is added in the first stage of this process.  In examples the 2-methyl-2-n-butyl- and 2 - ethyl - 2 - n - propyl - compounds are prepared by the above method and the other compounds of the invention are prepared by distilling alcohol as an azeotrope with toluene from a mixture of the appropriate 2-substituted-1 : 3-propanediol, ethyl urethane, a catalytic amount of aluminium isopropylate and toluene solvent, with subsequent working-up of the residue.  Starting materials.  2-Substituted-1 : 3-propanediols are prepared by reduction of the corresponding malonic esters with lithium aluminium hydride.  The preparation of 2-tert-butyl-, 2-n-amyl-, 2-(1-methylbutyl)-, 2-methyl-2-isobutyl-, 2-methyl-2-n-amyl-, 2-ethyl-2-n-propyl- and 2-isobutyl-1 : 3-propanediols by this method is described.  Specification 802,979 is referred to.ALSO:Pharmaceutical compositions comprise one of the compounds 2-n-propyl-, 2-tert-butyl-, 2 - sec - butyl-, 2 - n - amyl-, 2 - (1 - methylbutyl)-, 2 - methyl - 2 - n - butyl-, 2 - methyl-2-isobutyl-, 2 - methyl - 2 - n - amyl-, 2 - ethyl-2-n-propyl-, 2-isobutyl- and 2-n-butyl-1 : 3-propanediol dicarbamates formed into a pill, tablet or capsule, or dissolved in a solvent such as a mixture of water and polyethylene glycol. Specification 802,979, [Group IV (b)], is referred to.
Patent GB-431694-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the packing of fish for transit
IPC: B65D81/18
Filed: 1934-01-13
Abstract: 431,694. Packing fish. SMART, J. H., 53, St. Andrew's Dock Chambers, St. Andrew's Dock, Hull. Jan. 13, 1934, No. 1281. [Class 94 (i)] Fish is packed by enclosure in a waterproof wrapper or envelope 12 which isolates it from a layer of ice 15 in a box 10. The envelope may be of pure sulphate or sulphite pulp and sealed by adhesive such as rubber latex, or by sewing. The wrapper may be wholly or in part impregnated with wax.
Patent GB-122474-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Treatment of Spathic Iron-ore for use in the Manufacture of Hydrogen.
IPC: C01B3/06
Filed: 1918-01-23
Abstract: 122,474. British Oxygen Co., Bray, S. W., and Balfour, I. H. Jan. 23, 1918. Hydrogen.-Spathic iron ore, for use in the production of hydrogen by the alternate reduction and oxidation of iron oxide, is rendered porous by treating with hydrochloric or nitric acid and then washing with water.
Patent GB-538193-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the stretching of filaments or threads
IPC: D02J1/22
Filed: 1940-01-23
Abstract: 538,193. Stretching filaments or threads. HILL, F. B., and ALFORD, M. W. Jan. 23, 1940, Nos. 1343 and 10895. [Class 2 (ii)] In a process wherein filaments or threads are drawn under tension from a feed chamber 6 into and through a stretching chamber 9 containing a fluid softening medium under a pressure slightly higher than the compressed air in the feed chamber, the softening medium and the compressed air are admitted to their respective chambers, and the pressures are raised to working levels, after the material has started to run through the chambers, and automatically operated valves are arranged to ensure that the pressure in the feed chamber 6 is controlled by that in the stretching chamber 9 and that both are maintained at proper working levels. As shown, the threads 1 pass from the bobbins 2, guide eyes 4 and comb 5 to the nip rollers 8 in the chamber 6 from which they pass to tension-controlling and collecting apparatus of the kind described in Specification 537,962. Steam is fed to the stretching chamber 9 by the pipe 12 through a pressure reducing valve 87, a stop valve 88 and a valve 32 operated by a spring-loaded diaphragm 34 on a chamber subject to pressure through the controller 33. Air is supplied to the feed chamber 6 through the pipe 13 with reducing and stop valves 35, 36 and a valve 77 operated by a spring-loaded diaphragm 78 subject on one side to the pressure of the stretching chamber 9, and on the other to a pressure dependent in part upon that in the feed chamber 6, so that in the event of a variation in the difference of pressure between the chambers 6, 9 the valves are operated to restore the balance. Coupled with the valve 80 which supplies air pressure to one side of the diaphragm 78 is another valve 81 with a leak exit 82 and this constitutes a setting device for the diaphragm operation which ensures that the pressure in the chamber 9 always exceeds that in the feed chamber 6. Air is supplied through the pipe 37 to the controller 33 where it,passes through a valve 39 to a pipe 40 under the control of a leak valve 41 so that the air pressure applied to the diaphragm 34 of the steam control valve 32 may be varied: The position of the valves 39, 41 is determined by a bellows 44 supplied with air through a throttle 50, the supply being controlled by a leak from a nozzle 51. A pivoted flapper 52, actuated by steam pressure, determines the extent of this leak, and a pen 55 makes a record of the steam pressure on the chart 56. Specifications 443,707 and 443,773 also are referred to.
Patent GB-555133-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fluid operated clutches or coupling devices
IPC: F16D25/062
Filed: 1942-02-02
Abstract: 555,133. Disc brakes. SELF-CHANGING GEAR CO., Ltd., WILSON, A. G., and MILLER, A. A. Feb. 2, 1942, No. 1357. [Class 103 (i)] [Also in Group XXIV] In a friction coupling or brake the friction surfaces are first brought into light driving and sealing contact by pressure fluid concentrated over a small area between the friction parts and near the centre of rotation after which the pressure is extended over the large area between the friction parts to produce the full engaging pressure. As shown, a clutch member b on an input shaft d has a small annular cylinder g into which fits a piston h on a clutch member a. Pressure fluid supplied through ducts e, f, to the cylinder g moves the member b against the pressure of a spring t to cause initial light engagement of the cone clutch faces. The fluid pressure also passes by means of a groove k to act on a double piston valve member l, o, p. The latter thereupon moves against the pressure of a spring r to uncover a pressure fluid inlet port m to the main pressure chamber n and to close an outlet duct q. The fluid pressure in the chamber n supplies the main clutch engagement pressure. For disengagement the small chamber k is open to exhaust whereupon the piston valve moves to close port m and open duct q. The fluid in the chamber n is evacuated through the ducts P, u, and the friction faces are separated by the spring t. The piston valve member may be conter-balanced or disposed axially of the clutch. The Figures shows a pair of cone clutches arranged back to back. In a modification, particularly for low speed clutches or brakes the piston valve is omitted, the rate of entry of pressure fluid into the main pressure cylinder being restricted by an adjustable choke pin.
Patent GB-885562-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to submarine cables having repeaters at intervals
Inventor: MEYERS ARTHUR LENNOX
IPC: H02G15/14
Filed: 1959-01-14
Abstract: 885,562. Mechanical couplings for cable armouring; repeater housings. SUBMARINE CABLES Ltd. Jan. 14, 1959, No. 1440/59. Class 38(1). In a coaxial submarine cable of the type having an internal tensile member T and repeaters, or the like, at intervals along its length, the tensile member is terminated at the repeater housing R and the tensile stress is transferred to the housing R and vice versa by a layer of armouring 10 applied to the cable for a short distance on each side of the housing and clamped to the housing and the cable. The armouring 10 is protected by a jute serving 19 and the ends 18 are anchored to the housing R by a conical ring 11 and clamp plate 14, being subsequently carried out of the housing and along the serving 19 for a short distance. An outer layer of serving 20 is applied over the laid-back wires and the whole is bound down by a lashing of galvanized iron wire 21. Specifications 740,647 and 833,004 are referred to.
Patent GB-899406-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of metals
Inventor: NAIRN JOHN SYME
IPC: C22B60/02
Filed: 1959-01-15
Abstract: Uranium and plutonium are obtained from their halides by reduction with alkali metal, preferably an alloy of sodium and potassium, both the halide and the reducing agent being dissolved in an organic solvent.  Suitable solvents are ethers such as b b 1 dibutoxydiethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, containing diphenyl.  The product metal may be separated from alkali chloride by vacuum melting.
Patent GB-304213-A (GB)
Title: Inhaling and heat interchanging apparatus
IPC: A62B23/06
Filed: 1929-01-16
Abstract: 304,213. Monbeig, J. H. Jan. 16, 1928, [Convention date]. Inhalers; respiration, appliances for promoting. - An air-filtering appliance utilizing the warmth of the breath to warm subsequently inhaled air and permitting the inhalation of medicinal vapours comprises a pair of nostril plugs such as 1 each having a central tube 2 wound closely with wire 3 of two or more strands to form a filtering and warmth-retaining mass surrounded by an outer metal sheath 4. The tubes 2 contain wicks 6 in communication with containers 5 for the inhalant and sheet rubber valves 7 may be provided at the outer ends of the masses 3 to increase the resistance to inhalation. On commencement of use the container 5 may be temporarily removed and the tube 2 progressively closed by the insertion thereinto of a helical wire. The plugs 1 may be connected by a spring. In modified constructions the masses 3 may be replaced by a shield comprising several layers of metal gauze placed over the nostrils and carrying tubular inhalation plugs which enter the nostrils and grip the septum and which may be connected by a spring. The shield may be shaped to fit over and engage the nose. The above appliances are normally of metal, eg., copper and aluminium but asbestos, spun glass or other material may be employed particularly if iodine be the material inhaled. A further modification applicable for animals comprises a mask of sheet aluminium or metal gauze fitting over the muzzle and secured by straps to the collar of the animal. Inhalation tubes are secured to the mask and in use enter the animal's nostrils. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that when the appliance is in the form of a shield fitting over the nose, it may be supported by a spectacle frame. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-635660-A (GB)
Title: Intermittent current operated reciprocatory motors
IPC: H02K33/12
Filed: 1948-01-19
Abstract: 635,660. Reciprocating motors. SYNTRON. CO. Jan. 19, 1948, No. 1569. Convention date, March 9, 1943. [Class 35] The windings of a rotary motor associated with a reciprocating motor, e.g. for driving a fan, are connected directly in shunt with one of the windings of the reciprocating motor, which are fed with pulsating current. As shown, the field and armature windings 57, 58 of the series fan motor are shunted across coil 5 of the reciprocating hammer motor, the coils 4, 5 being energized alternately through rectifiers 41, 42. Specification 293,685; [Class 35], is referred to.