Patent GB-954086-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of modified alkyd resins
IPC: C08G63/82
Filed: 1961-07-24
Abstract: A process for the production of an alkyd resin comprises reacting a polycarboxylic acid and/or anhydride thereof with an epoxy alkyl ester of an a -mono-alkyl or a , a -dialkyl-alkane mono-carboxylic acid and/or a partial ester of a polyhydroxy compound and an a -monoalkyl or a , a -dialkyl-alkane monocarboxylic acid, which partial ester contains on an average more than one free hydroxyl group per molecule, and in addition with a hydroxy carboxylic acid and/or ester, lactide or lactone thereof, at least one trifunctional or polyfunctional compound being present in the reaction mixture. The hydroxy acids include glycollic, lactic, hydroxy-butyric or valeric, 12-hydroxy stearic, citric, malic and tartaric acids' esters of hydroxy carboxylic acids and glycerol, glycidol and other alcohols, hydrogenated castor oil and monoglycerides.  The monocarboxylic acids containing a tertiary or quaternary carbon atom can be those produced by the processes of Specifications 871,278 and 873,738. Catalysts for the esterification are sulphuric, phosphoric and sulphonic acids, halides of boron, magnesium, zinc or aluminium, alkali metal hydroxides, amines, quaternary ammonium complexes and BF3 complexes.  Colour and colour stability can be improved by treating the products with an oxidising agent the standard potential of which is at least 0.6 volt e.g. nitric acid, chlorates, bromates chlorites, hypochlorites, chromates, permanganates, chlorine, bromine, hydrogen peroxide and ozone. The products can be used in paints, lacquers and varnishes, with pigments, phenol, formaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde resins melamine-formaldehyde resins and thickeners. In examples the C9-11 acid used is obtained from a mixture of C8-10 alkenes, (unbranched, branched, and cyclic), and has an equivalent weight of 151.5 and contains 90% of acids in which the carboxyl group is attached to a quaternary carbon atom and 10% in which it is attached to a tertiary atom.  Reacted together are (1) and (2) phthalic anhydride, glycerol, glycidyl esters of C9 to C11 monocarboxylic acids and 12-hydroxystearic acid, in xylene; (4) a similar mixture in which, however, glycollic acid replaces the 12-hydroxystearic acid and the product is heated with hydrogen peroxide.  The resin of (1) is mixed with urea formaldehyde resin and titanium white to give a stoving enamel.  Specifications 936,808, 942,465 and 946,432 also are referred to.ALSO:A process for covering articles with protective or decorative coatings is characterized in that for this purpose there are used alkyd resins obtained by reacting a polycarboxylic acid and/or anhydride thereof with an epoxy alkyl ester of an a -monoalkyl or a -dialkyl-alkane monocarboxylic acid and/or partial ester of a polyhydroxy compound and an a -mono alkyl or a ,a -dialkyl-alkane monocarboxylic acid, which partial ester contains on an average more than one free hydroxyl group per molecule, and in addition with a hydroxycarboxylic acid and/or ester, lactide or lactone thereof, at least one trifunctional or polyfunctional compound being present in the reaction mixture. Suitable components for the alkyds are specified (see Division C3). Pigments, diluents, phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins may also be added to the coatings.  In an example (1) an alkyd prepared from phthalic anhydride, glycerol, glycidyl esters of C9 to C11 monocarboxylic acids branched at the alpha position and 12-hydroxy-stearic acid by heating in xylene is mixed with urea-formaldehyde resin and titanium white, applied to thin steel panels and baked at 150 DEG C.  Specifications 871,278, 873,738, 936,808, 942,465 and 946,432 are referred to.