baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CN-1137244-A (CN)
Inventor: MOORE FRANK D
IPC: B01J19/30
Filed: 1995-06-23
Abstract: 提供一种具有特殊优点的槽梁设计。这些槽梁可以被装配在一具有任何所需布局的封闭环境中并可在以后拆卸和在其它地方重新加以使用。支承板被设计来支承构筑类或倾斜类填塔料。
Patent CN-1144370-A (CN)
Inventor: SOU DUNG BYOUNG
IPC: G11B5/255
Filed: 1996-08-09
Abstract: 在本发明中，一种磁头在芯片铁心和类金刚石碳(DLC)层之间具有一个氧化钛层和钛层，以便改善在DLC层和芯片铁心之间的附着力，从而防止DLC层从芯片铁心表面分离。此外，还提供一种制造该磁头的方法。
Patent CN-1186136-A (CN)
Title: 用有机溶剂制备漂白特种动物绒毛的方法
Inventor: XIN XUELEI
IPC: D06L4/12
Filed: 1996-12-24
Abstract: 本发明涉及一种用有机溶剂制备漂白特种动物绒毛的方法,其主要是首先进行防缩、中和处理,在中和处理中采用碱和过氧化物混合液,用清水洗净后将洗净绒毛浸泡在含有机溶剂的常规媒染液中,然后再进行洗净,脱色处理即可,采用该方法处理后的动物绒毛纤维的强度,弹性大幅度增加,亮度明显增强,不易泛黄,该方法简单,安全可靠,并可大幅度降低环境污染。
Patent CN-1209332-A (CN)
Title: 一种单味中药抗肿瘤制剂及其制备方法
Inventor: GAO JIN
Filed: 1997-08-25
Abstract: 一种单味中药黄独抗肿瘤制剂及其制备方法,它是通过用亲脂无极性或弱极性的烃类、醚或醇等有机溶剂,从黄独中提取具有清香味的无定形固体成分,该提取物含有一定量的萜类、甙元和内酯类成分,不含酚类和鞣质等成分,该提取物及其制剂可用于治疗胃癌、肝癌、红白血病、结肠癌和肺癌等多种恶性肿瘤疾病。
Patent CN-1222929-A (CN)
Inventor: MASAYUKI YAMANA
IPC: C09K23/18
Filed: 1997-06-04
Abstract: 一种水分散型含氟类防水抗油剂,它是由(A)一种由(A－1)具有多氟烷基的单体和(A－2)能够与(A－1)共聚的单体形成的含氟共聚物,在(B)由含氟类阳离子表面活性剂形成的乳化剂的存在下,进行乳化分散而形成。该防水抗油剂的耐摩擦牢固性优良。
Patent CN-1243605-A (CN)
Title: 矩形密封电池
Inventor: MASARU HIRATSUKA
IPC: H01M50/169
Filed: 1998-11-06
Abstract: 一个矩形密封电池包括一个容装能量发生装置的外壳和一个封闭此外壳开口的盖体,外壳开口端与盖体焊接在一起。外壳本体的厚度小于外壳开口端的厚度,因此,盖体的外缘上附有一圈凸缘。当外壳开口端与盖体严密对接时,外壳开口端与盖体上由阶梯部而形成的突出部的外圈表面相接触,外壳开口端紧紧抵住盖体凸缘并在这里将二者焊接固定。盖体与外壳开口端的焊接可从侧面进行。
Patent CN-1257563-A (CN)
Title: 使用乳液的采油方法
Inventor: BRAGG J R
IPC: E21B43/32
Filed: 1998-05-14
Abstract: 本发明申请公开了一种从地层中回收烃类的方法,其中向地层中注入一种包含油和水的乳液。更确切地说,该乳液是使用不溶解的固体颗粒稳定化的,该颗粒优选至少是部分亲油的。固体稳定化的乳液既可用作从地层中顶替烃类的顶替液,也可用于在地层中形成一种障碍,以导流流体流动。这种固体颗粒既可以是地层固体颗粒(例如取材于地层的那些)或非地层固体颗粒(例如地层之外的固体颗粒)。非地层固体颗粒既可是天然的或合成的。一些优选的固体包括粘土、石英、长石、石膏、煤灰、沥青物质和聚合物。二氧化碳或另外的气体可被加到乳液中,以将乳液的粘度调节到所需水平。
Patent CN-1302922-A (CN)
Title: 一种晶体生长方法
Inventor: HE YIZONG
IPC: C30B15/20
Filed: 1999-10-20
Abstract: 本发明涉及一种使晶体、料棒或加热元件产生宏观位移操作的晶体生长方法。本发明利用金属、合金受热膨胀,产生一种非机械、精密平滑的宏观位移,晶体、料棒或加热元件的位移随时间的变化可达到原子水平的平滑极限,并配合常规晶体生长方法,从而生长出高质量的晶体,为晶体机理研究提供了新的方法。本发明简化了设备,降低了造价。
Patent CN-1253971-A (CN)
Title: 可焊树脂组合物,其制备及其模塑制品
Inventor: HIDEO MATSUOKA
IPC: C08L77/00
Filed: 1999-10-25
Abstract: 一种可焊树脂组合物,它包含100重量份的尼龙树脂作为组份(A),0.1—50重量份的聚烯烃树脂作为组份(B)、10—150重量份的玻璃纤维作为组份(C)、0—3重量份的铜化合物作为组份(D)和0—5重量份的硅氧烷化合物作为组份(E)。一种用焊接方法(如振动焊接)由可焊树脂组合物制备的模塑制品。
Patent CR-20110286-A (CR)
Title: Proceso para la preparacion de derivados de l-alanina protegidos
Inventor: FEIBUSH PENINA
IPC: C07C227/16
Filed: 2011-05-27
Abstract: La presente invención se refiere a un proceso novedoso para la preparación de derivados de L-alanina protegidos, útiles como intermediarios de la síntesis de los compuestos usados como moduladores opioides mu/delta.
Patent CR-20130307-A (CR)
Title: Composiciones y métodos para modular el fxr
Inventor: TULLY DAVID C
IPC: C07D487/04
Filed: 2013-06-20
Abstract: LA PRESENTE INVENCIÓN SE REFIERE A COMPUESTOS DE LA FÓRMULA (I), UN ESTEREOISÓMERO, ENANTIÓMERO, UNA SAL FARMACEÚTICAMENTE ACEPTABLE O UN CONJUGADO DE AMINOÁCIDO DEL MISMO; EN DONDE LAS VARIABLES SON COMO SE DEFINEN EN LA PRESENTE, Y SUS COMPOSICIONES FARMACÉUTICAS, QUIE SON ÚTILES COMO MODULADORES DE LA ACTIVIDAD DE LOS RECEPTORES X FERNESOIDES (FXR).-
Patent CR-20200218-A (CR)
Title: Mitoflavoscins: targeting flavin-containing enzymes eliminates cancer stem cells (cscs) by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration
Inventor: LISANTI MICHAEL P
IPC: C07C25/22
Filed: 2018-10-23
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compounds that bind to flavin-containing enzymes and inhibit mitochondrial function, referred to herein as mitoflavoscins. Methods of screening compounds for mitochondrial inhibition and anti-cancer properties are disclosed. Also described are methods of using mitoflavoscins to prevent or treat cancer, bacterial infections, and pathogenic yeast, as well as methods of using mitoflavoscins to provide anti-aging benefits. Specific mitoflavoscin compounds are also disclosed.
Patent CR-20200423-A (CR)
Title: Pd-1-binding molecules and methods of use thereof
Inventor: LA MOTTE-MOHS ROSS
IPC: C07K16/00
Filed: 2016-07-28
Abstract: <p>The present invention is directed to selected anti-PD-1 antibodies capable of binding to both cynomolgus monkey PD-1 and to human PD-1 : PD-1 mAb 1, PD-1 mAb 2, PD-1 mAb 3, PD-1 mAb 4, PD-1 mAb 5, PD-1 mAb 6, PD-1 mAb 7, PD-1 mAb 8, PD-1 mAb 9, PD-1 mAb 10, PD-1 mAb 11, PD-1 mAb 12, PD-1 mAb 13, PD-1 mAb 14, or PD-1 mAb 15, and to humanized and chimeric versions of such antibodies. The invention additionally pertains to PD-1 -binding molecules that comprise PD-1 binding fragments of such anti-PD-1 antibodies, immunocongugates, and to bispecific molecules, including diabodies, BiTEs, bispecific antibodies, etc., that comprise (i) such PD-1 -binding fragments, and (ii) a domain capable of binding an epitope of a molecule involved in regulating an immune check point present on the surface of an immune cells. The present invention also pertains to methods of using molecules that bind PD-1 for stimulating immune responses, as well as methods of detecting PD-1.</p>
Patent EC-SP088684-A (EC)
Title: N-sulfonilacion selectiva de alcoholes 2-amino trifluoroalquilo sustituidos
Inventor: RAVEENDRANATH PANOLIL
IPC: C07C303/38
Filed: 2008-08-15
Abstract: Se proveen procedimientos para la preparación de derivados N-(2-hidroxialquilo) heteroareno- y bencensulfonamida trifluoroalquilo sustituidos de fórmula (I) o fórmula (II) (en donde las variables se definen en las reivindicaciones) y comprenden hacer reaccionar un amino alcohol sustituido con trifluoroalquilo, un cloruro de sulfonilo y un sistema de base/solvente seleccionado del grupo que consiste en (a) 4-metilmorfolina/acetato de isopropilo, (b) base de Hünig/tetrahidrofurano, (c) 4-metilmorfolina/acetonitrilo, (d) 4-metilmorfolina/propionitrilo y (e) 4-metilmorfolina/tolueno.
Patent FI-20055313-A (FI)
Inventor: ANTTILA MIKKO
IPC: C01B32/50
Filed: 2005-06-15
Abstract: A method and an apparatus for removing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from sulphur dioxide containing (SO 2 ) flue gases, wherein the flue gases are washed with washing solution in a scrubber (1), which comprises at least two washing stages (1a, 1b). In the first washing stage (1a) the flue gases are washed for removing the sulphur dioxide in the flue gases and after that in the second washing stage (1b) for removing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Sodium carbonate solution (Na 2 CO 3 ) is used as washing solution in both the first (1a) and the second washing stages (1b).
Patent FI-20125607-A (FI)
Inventor: SIIKONEN MARJA-LIISA
IPC: B66B1/14
Filed: 2012-06-04
Abstract: Method for handling erroneous calls in an elevator system, which comprises at least one elevator (A, B, C, D), call-giving devices (1 10, 1 13, 151 ) for registering calls on the floor levels (F0, F1 - F10) and/or in the elevator car (150), and also a control system (101 ) that responds to the aforementioned calls. One or more calls given by a passenger are registered, it is assessed on the basis of at least one criterion whether some call is erroneous, and at least one corrective action is performed for removing a call, or for rectifying the call data of a call, if the call is ascertained to be erroneous on the basis of the aforementioned criterion.
Patent FI-20165910-A (FI)
Inventor: KOSKINEN JANNE
IPC: G06F17/30
Filed: 2016-11-30
Abstract: There is provided system for migrating virtual machines. The system is capable of managing virtual machines in a source service for hosting one or more source virtual machines and a destination service for hosting one or more destination virtual machines, and memory for storing program code and at least one processing core capable of executing the program code to cause generating, by the source service, a temporary virtual machine in the source service, attaching, by the source service, at least one storage drive of at least one source virtual machine, to the temporary virtual machine, preparing, by the temporary virtual machine, a disk image of the attached at least one storage drive in a format supported by the destination service, and writing, by the temporary virtual machine, the disk image to a storage drive of the destination virtual machine.
Patent FR-1605103-A (FR)
Title: Modified cephalosporin c-type antibiotics
IPC: C07D501/24
Filed: 1962-08-23
Granted: 1973-03-16
Abstract: Cephalosporin C-type cpds. where R1 = HO, (1-8C) acyloxy, tert. amino R2 = HO (when R1 = HO, acyloxy) or O (when R1 = tert. amino) or R1 + R2 = -O- R3 = (2-4C) str. or (3-4C) br. alkylene R4 = Ph, which may be substd. by: halogen, NO2, CF3, (1-4C)alkyl, (1-2C)alkoxy together with pharm. accept. salts, esters and amides thereof. 7-acylamino derivs. of cephalosporanic acid:- beta-PhO-propionyl d- & 1-alpha-PhO-n-butyryl alpha-p-NO2-PhO-n-butyryl alpha-PhO-iso-valeryl alpha-PhO-n-butyryl alpha-p-Cl-PhO-n-butyryl alpha-PhO-iso-butyryl The cpds. are active agst.Staph.albus, B.subtilis, Sarcina lutea. Also agst. resistant Staph. in the pres. of serum and haemolytic Strep.
Patent GB-1047334-A (GB)
IPC: B23K11/24
Abstract: 1,047,334. Protective arrangements. HADDON ELECTRIC WELDING MACHINES Ltd. July 7, 1964 [July 10, 1963], No. 27354/63. Heading H2H. A protective arrangement for an unearthed welding transformer comprises a reactor X, which is unsaturated at the maximum secondary voltage but saturated at less than the primary voltage, connected between one end of the or each secondary winding and earth so that between primary and secondary windings will cause sufficient current to flow to operate an over-current device in the primary circuit. In the unsaturated condition the reactor current will be small.
Patent GB-1050963-A (GB)
IPC: B01F15/02
Abstract: 1,050,963. Mixing appliances. MARMITE Ltd., and W. S. SPOFFORTH. May 1, 1964 [May 10, 1963], No. 18684/63. Heading B1C. Apparatus for mixing a solid or liquid additive into a liquid comprises a shoot 1 into which the additive is introduced, a mixer head 8 incorporating a rotary vane disintegrating pump on the discharge end 3 of the shoot for extracting the additive therefrom, and a duct 4 for recirculating parts of the pump output; the level of material in the shoot is maintained at a constant level below the level of the liquid in the vessel 11 by bleeding in liquid through a duct 5 which may be controlled by a valve 6. The pump may be pivoted at 10 so that it can be swung into the inclined dotted line position to homogenize the mixture after all the additive has been supplied. In a modification (Figs. 3-6, not shown) the shoot 1, funnel 2 and ducT 5 are integral with the walls of the vessel.
Patent GB-1143614-A (GB)
IPC: B24B19/02
Abstract: 1,143,614. Grinding. CESKE ZAVODY MOTOCYKLOVE, NARODNI PODNIK. 14 July, 1966 [19 July, 1965], No. 31599/66. Heading B3D. A machine for grinding helical slots on cylindrical parts, such as pistons of fuel injection pumps, comprises a double armed lever 14 in the form of a T pivotally connected to a stationary pin 17 and a pin 16 on a casing 10 for the working spindle 11 of the machine, one arm of the lever being engaged with a rack 12 by means of a pin 13, and the rack being shiftable by a gear 18 firmly connected to the working spindle, whereby axial feed of the spindle is derived from rotation of the spindle. The spindle has a front-face 20 and is driven through a key 19 with a reversible turning motion from an electric motor 42, Fig. 1, mounted in a column 33. The casing 20 for the spindle is axially movable along guideways 21, 22, Fig. 5, and carries the pin 16 on which the T-shaped lever is mounted. One end of an arm of the lever is connected by the pin 13 to the rack 12 engaging the gear 18 on the spindle, and the other arm of the lever is formed with a groove 23 engaged by the pin 17 on the column. As the spindle 11 rotates, the gear 18 and rack 12 cause pivoting movement of the lever about the pin 17 so that the pin 16 imparts axial movement to the spindle. The pin 17 can be adjusted to either side of the pin 16 to produce a left or right handed helix, the pitch of which is determined by the distance between the pins 16, 17. The pin 17 is also adjustable in a direction parallel to the axis of the spindle to determine the position of the helix to be ground relative to the front of the workpiece. The grinding wheel 38, Fig. 1, is carried by a slide 35 which is vertically movable on the front face of the column 33 byan hydraulic cylinder 32 which effects an axial movement of a screw to provide a rapid approach movement of the slide. The screw engages a nut formed as a wheel engaged by a worm which can be rotated by a handle or axially moved by an hydraulic cylinder connected to the worm by a spring coupling for a working feed of the grinding wheel. Wheel dressers are disposed on the column of the machine.
Patent GB-1226119-A (GB)
IPC: G01N25/00
Filed: 1968-11-26
Abstract: 1,226,119. Determining enthalpy of steam. TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORP. Nov.26, 1968 [Nov. 30, 1967], No. 55916/68. Heading G1S. Also in Divisions B1, G3, F4] Apparatus for determining the enthalpy of steam comprises a throttling tube 13 for adiabatically expanding a sample of the steam, a separator 20 for collecting a portion of the liquid entrained in the steam sample and a device 16 for measuring the quality of the steam sample. Water in a tank 18 is supplied to a steam generator 10 which feeds steam to a conduit 11 provided with a temperature or pressure measuring device 14. A nozzle 12 supplies the steam sample to the tube 13 in the form of a tubular orifice so that the steam is expanded at constant enthalpy and fed to the separator 20 via a tube 22 provided with holes 25. The steam passes through a filter 23 consisting of ester base polyurethane or glass fibre and a clothlike member 28 before leaving the separator via the annular gap between an outer cover 24 and a container 21. A thermometer or thermocouple 29 projects into the filter and the liquid separated from the steam collects in the base of the container 21 from which it is fed by a tube 31 to the quality measuring device 16. The device 16 measures the chloride ion concentration of the collected liquid thus enabling the quality or degree of dryness of the steam to be calculated from this measurement and a measurement of the chloride ion concentration of the feed water supplying the generator. Alternatively the device 16 may measure the conductivity of the collected liquid and the feed water. The device 16 is connected to a control 15 which regulates the heat input to the generator 10 to automatically regulate the quality of the steam. From the measured value of the steam quality at the separator, the enthalpy of the steam at the separator may be calculated using standard steam tables. This enthalpy equals the enthalpy of the steam in the conduit 11 since the expansion of the sample steam takes place at constant enthalpy. Hence the quality of the steam in the conduit 11 may also be calculated using the steam tables and the temperature or pressure measured by the device 14.
Patent GB-1227025-A (GB)
IPC: H02P6/08
Filed: 1968-03-25
Abstract: 1,227,025. Electric motors; control of motors. MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO. Ltd. 25 March, 1968 [24 March, 1967], No. 14376/68. Headings H2A and H2J. [Also in Division G3] A brushless D.C. motor has stator windings 4, 5, 6 energized in sequence from supply lines 31, 32 by the action of semi-conductor switches 20-25 controlled in accordance with rotor position by the output of transducers 7-12 thereby to rotate permanent magnet rotor 1. The rotor position sensing device shown in Fig. 2 is a high frequency inductive arrangement with a magnetic sector plate 13 attached to the rotor shaft which directs the flux, from a primary member not shown, to induce a signal at the respective individual transducers. This output signal is shaped at 14-19 to provide pulses which are applied to the gate electrodes of thyristors 20-25 to switch current through the winding the shape of the sector plate being such that two devices are always conductive. Capacitors 33, 34, 35 connected in parallel with the windings act to switch off one of the previously conductive devices as the rotor rotates but forced quenching can be used so that the conductive period of the windings may be raised. Speed control.-The output of the transducer signal shaping circuits 14, 15, 16: 17, 18, 19 are combined in circuits 36, 37 and the resultant signals supply delay circuits 38, 41 respectively. The delay circuits are also supplied with the error signal from comparator 36 which compares the outputs of rotor speed senser 54 and reference signal generator 55. The output of the delay circuits is used to trigger auxiliary semiconductor switches 39, 40 respectively which generate reverse voltages across capacitors 47-52 which are applied to devices 20-25 to turn them off. The speed of the motor may be varied by altering the value of the reference signal. The delay circuit includes a unijunction transistor and a R.C. circuit. Fig. 3 (not shown). It is stated that the speed control system could be open loop and could employ a variable delay circuit in each supply to the gate electrode of thyristors 20-25. In a modification, current only flows in one direction through the windings which halves the number of components used, Fig. 4 (not shown). Photo-electric sensing of rotor position may be used or a phase detection system employed.
Patent GB-1231240-A (GB)
IPC: G09B19/12
Filed: 1968-10-22
Abstract: 1,231,240. Educational device. P. J. L. DANIEL. 21 Oct., 1969 [22 Oct., 1968], No. 49970/68. Heading G5G. [Also in Division G3] A device for teaching the telling of time comprises a clock face 1 which is coloured so as to divide it into two sectors 7, 8 to differentiate between minutes past and minutes to the hour, the hours and minutes scales and their respective hands 3, 4 being in two different colours. The invention may be applied to real clocks and watches.
Patent GB-1233112-A (GB)
IPC: F26B3/08
Filed: 1969-08-07
Abstract: 1,233,112. Method and apparatus for drying granular materials. ROYAL INDUSTRIES Inc. 7 Aug., 1969 [8 Nov., 1968], No. 39613/69. Heading F4G. Apparatus for drying materials, such as grain, in the field, is fitted with an elongated drying chamber comprising a preheating section B and a drying section C. The material to be dried is fluidized in the drying section by a flow of hot gas, supplied by fan 13 and heater 12, which passes from plenum chamber G through apertures 17a and is so directed by baffles 22 that it carries material towards the discharge section D while drying it. In the preheating section B the material is partly fluidized by gas flow via apertures 15a, 17a and material is gravity fed to the drying chamber by hopper A. Part of the hot gas leaves the drying chamber via cleaning section E, and carries with it lighter contaminants in the material, which are carried out through a separate discharge outlet E. Initially the apparatus is operated with the discharge valve 21 shut, but this is opened to a controllable setting after an interval, and the apparatus functions continuously.
Patent GB-1233759-A (GB)
IPC: F02B53/00
Filed: 1968-12-24
Abstract: 1,233,759. Rotary-piston I.C. engines. DAIMLER-BENZ A. G. Dec. 24, 1968 [Dec. 28, 1967], No. 61405/68. Heading F1F. A multiple-unit trochoidal type engine has outof-phase pistons 9, 10, 11 mounted on a common shaft (not shown) and separated by walls 6, 7, of housing furnished with one or more ducts 26 extendingaxially between openings 32, 35, or (25a, 25b), Fig. 3 (not shown), located such that gas trapped between sealing strips 17 and oil-retaining rings 19 on each piston can escape into the working spaces associated with the adjacent piston. The openings in each wall are in a region near to an inlet port 15 and bounded by a curve 22 traced by imaginary points of intersection of the strips 17 on mutually-adjacent pistons and by a curve 23 followed by sealing pieces 18 on each piston adjacent the wall in question. Fuel-air mixture escaping through these openings effects turbulence in the mixture being inducted and compressed by the adjacent piston. An additional duct and openings 43 may be provided as shown. Valves (not shown) may close the opening (25a, 25b) in depence upon the engine load. Pressure-equalizing passages 20 may be provided at the piston apices.
Patent GB-1237937-A (GB)
IPC: G06V30/192
Filed: 1968-09-18
Abstract: 1,237,937. Character recognition. TELEFUNKEN PATENTVERWERTUNGS G.m.b.H. 18 Sept., 1968 [20 Sept., 1967], No. 44429/68. Heading G4R. In character-reading apparatus, the largest of a number of extent-of-match voltages, respective to different reference characters, is detected, the largest voltage being supplied to a threshold device respective to that one of a plurality of different character groups (to be identified with different reliabilities) to which the character belongs. A photo-cell matrix sensing the character feeds a correlation matrix via a flip-flop matrix to produce extent-of-match voltages on lines L1 . . . Lj respective to different possible characters, the largest voltage being passed by a maximum detector F (and the next largest if it is within a predetermined interval of or exceeds a predetermined fraction of the largest). The outputs from F are thresholded at S1 . . . Sj to mark an output line, this output being gated out at T1 . . . Tj if the largest voltage exceeds an adjustable threshold at VB or VZ according as the character is a letter or digit respectively, as indicated by ORs OB, OZ gating at UB, UZ the outputs of VB, VZ. The thresholds at S1 . . . Sj relating to digits are adjustable jointly as are those at S1 . . . Sj relating to letters. OZ and UZ may be omitted, VZ being connected directly to OR D. Output may be disabled if F passes more than one voltage.
Patent GB-1239156-A (GB)
IPC: B01D29/00
Filed: 1969-04-29
Abstract: 1,239,156. Filter; liquid-solid contact apparatus; precipitation apparatus. S. M. KARPACHEVA, J. G. KARKHACHEV, V. M. MURATOV and L. S. RAGINSKY. 29 April, 1969 [6 May, 1968], No. 21769/69. Headings B1D, B1F and B1X. Slurry entering vessel 1 by inlet 2 is thickened by filtration as it passes one or more filter elements 4 and discharged at outlet 3, the interior of element 4 opening into pulsator chamber 5 and filtrate outlet 6, and the vessel 1 outside element 4 being connected to pulsator chamber 7. The levels in chambers 5, 7 are reciprocated, in phase or out of phase, by one or two sliding valves which connect the chambers alternately to high and low-pressure gas lines. Thus filtrate is drawn through element 4 during low-pressure periods into chamber 5 and expelled, partly to outlet 6 and partly in reverse flow through element 4, during high-pressure periods. Chamber 7 creates flows of slurry across the upstream surface of element 4, which assist cake removal therefrom. The latter effect may be amplified by various arrangements which direct jets of slurry on to the element during high-pressure periods in chamber 7. For example, inclined plates (8), with apertures (9) which may be extended by nozzles (10), enclose the element 4 in Figs. 2, 3 (not shown). In Figs. 4, 5 (not shown) a cylindrical element 4 is enclosed by an annular manifold with apertures (14). In Figs. 6, 7 (not shown) tubular perforate manifolds (12) are arranged around a plurality of elements 4. In Figs. 8, 9 (not shown) manifolds (12') direct jets on to the sides of flat elements (4') so as to create a generally zigzag flow across them. The apparatus may be used as a filter-reactor for precipitation and subsequent separation of reactants, also for continuous solid-liquid contacting processes such as dissolution, extraction and leaching. As well as cleaning the filter elements, the pulsations fluidise slurries of high solids concentration.