Patent GB-660355-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions
Filed: 1948-03-03
Abstract: A mineral oil composition comprises a mineral or synthetic lubricating oil, such as polymerized olefins, copolymers of alkylene glycols and alkylene oxides, organic esters such as 2-ethyl hexyl sebacate, dioctyl phthalate and trioctyl phosphate, polymeric tetrahydrofuran and polyalkyl silicon polymers, or mixtures thereof, and (a) an oil-soluble salt of a condensation product of an aldehyde and a phenol or thiophenol containing at p  least one alkyl group of at least 4 carbon atoms, and (b) an oil-soluble carbamic acid derivative of one of the formul : <FORM:0660355/IV (a)/1> <FORM:0660355/IV (a)/2> <FORM:0660355/IV (a)/3> wherein R1, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or alkyl, alkaryl, aryl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl radicals and R3 may also be a metal or a nitrogen base radical, and may only be hydrogen if R1 and R2 are not also both hydrogen, at least one of these radicals preferably being a group having at least 4 carbon atoms, and the X's are oxygen or sulphur, at least one of the X's in formul  II and III being sulphur.  The radicals R1, R2 and R3 may contain halogen atoms or sulphonic groups.  Many examples of additive (b) are specified. Additive (a) may be formed from 2,4-dibutyl phenol, p-amyl phenol, p-tertiary butyl phenol, p-tertiary amyl phenol, p-octyl phenol, p-isooctyl phenol. p-isobutyl phenol, p-nonyl phenol, p-cetyl phenol, and the corresponding thiophenols.  Aldehydes which may be used are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde and furfuraldehyde.  The salts may be formed with metals such as Na, K, Li, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, Al, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Co and Sn.  The salts of the condensation product may be prepared by condensing the phenol and aldehyde at an elevated temperature in the presence of an acid or basic catalyst, dispersing the condensation product in a hydrocarbon oil and adding the metal forming constituent, for example hydrated lime.  Alternatively the salt may be formed by mixing the lime or other metal compound with the aldehyde and the phenol in a suitable solvent and agitating the mixture at an elevated temperature.  The composition may also contain, among other optional ingredients, an aryl amine and/or an oil soluble salt of an organic sulphonic acid, may examples of both of which are given.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 states also that the alkyl group of the phenol or thiophenol contains at least one carbon atom.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:A lubricating oil composition comprises a mineral or synthetic lubricating oil, an oil-soluble salt of a condensation product of an aldehyde and a phenol or thiophenol containing at least one alkyl group of at least 4 carbon atoms, and an oil-soluble carbamic acid derivative of one of the formulae I. <FORM:0660355/III/1> II. <FORM:0660355/III/2> III. <FORM:0660355/III/3> wherein R1, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or alkyl, alkaryl, aryl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl radicals and R3 may also be a metal or a nitrogen base radical, and may only be hydrogen if R1 and R2 are not also both hydrogen, at least one of these radicals preferably being a group having at least four carbon atoms, and the X's are oxygen or sulphur, at least one of the X's in formulae II and III being sulphur.  The radicals R1, R2 and R3 may contain halogen atoms or sulphonic groups.  Metals used to form the salts of formula I may be Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Cu, Zn, Cd, Va, Cr, Mo, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni; nitrogen base salts specified are those of ammonium or alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl and heterocyclic amines. Carbamic acid derivatives mentioned are the Zn, Al, Pb, Fe, Ca, Ba, Na and amine salts of dibutyl, diethyl, dimethyl, dihexyl, diamyl, dioctyl, dipropyl, N-butyl-N-ethyl, N-ethyl-N-phenyl, octyl-butyl, dicyclohexyl, and methyl-octyl mono and dithiocarbamic acids; ferric dibenzyl amyl dithiocarbamate, ferric piperidine dithiocarbamate, benzyl diethyl dithiocarbamate, dithiocarbamic ethyl ester, ethyl dithiocarbamic ethyl ester, dithiocarbamic phenyl ester, phenyl dithiocarbamic phenyl ester; tetra methyl and ethyl, thiuram sulphides, and tetra methyl, dibutyl-diethyl, butyl, isopropyl and propyl thioram disulphides.  The metal salt of the condensation product of an aldehyde and a phenol or thiophenol may be formed from 2, 4-dibutyl phenol, p-amyl phenol, p-tertiary butyl phenol, p-tertiary amyl phenol, p-octyl phenol, p-isooctyl phenol, p-isobutyl phenol, p-nonyl phenol, and p-cetyl phenol and the corresponding thiophenols.  Aldehydes which may be used are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde and furaldehyde, The salts may be formed with metals such as Na, K, Li, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, Al, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, and Sn. Synthetic oils which may be used are polymerized olefins, copolymers of alkylene glycols and alkylene oxides, organic esters such as 2-ethylhexyl sebacate, dioctyl phthalate and trioctyl phosphate, polymeric tetrahydrofuran and polyalkyl silicon polymers.  The compositions may also contain an aryl amine and/or an oil-soluble salt of an organic sulphonic acid, many examples of both of which are given, and also sulphurized sulphur-halogenated and phosphor-sulphurized organic compounds, oleic or stearic acids, pour point depressors, organic silicones, fluoro organic compounds and nitro-paraffins.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers also to the use of beryllium salts of the carbamate of formula I, and states that the alkyl group of the phenol or thiophenol contains at least one carbon atom.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.