baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1332531-A (GB)
Title: Shaft furnace smelting
IPC: C21B5/00
Filed: 1971-06-25
Abstract: 1332531 Smelting ores CENTRE DE RECHERCHES METALLURGIQUES -CENTROM VOOR RESEARCH IN DE METALLURGIE 25 June 1971 [30 June 1970 23 Sept 1970 8 Feb 1971] 29966/71 Heading C7D In a shaft furnace smelting process in which no oxygen is deliberately introduced into the furnace a hot reducing gas in introduced so that it ascends in counterflow to the burden, and the operation of the furnace is regulated by varying the temperature of the hot gas. The latter may be produced by reforming hydrocarbon fuel, and heated by heat exchange or electrically before introduction preferably through the tuyÚres, while its temperature may be controlled by addition of cooler reducing gas, or of hot or cold reducing substances together with an oxidizing agent in such amount that the reaction products contain Co, H 2  and N 2 . In a further embodiment the reducing gas is heated either by forming it into a plasma stream by arc or induction or by introducing it into a carrier plasma; the plasma torches may be located in the furnace tuyeres and the gas temperature may be controlled by adjustment of the power supply, while production of the reducing gas may be effected by directly reforming a fuel in the torches.
Patent GB-484660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of unsaturated hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C1/30
Filed: 1936-11-04
Abstract: Unsaturated hydrocarbons are prepared by splitting hydrogen halide from aliphatic or cyclo-aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons containing at least 3 carbon atoms and at least 1 halogen atom by bringing them into contact with a glowing electrically heated body for a period of less than 1 second, e.g. 0,01 sec. or less, and rapidly cooling the products.  Initial compounds mentioned are dichlor- or dibrompropanes or butanes, di- or trichlor-pentanes or cyclohexanes, or those containing olefinic linkages.  A metal wire or rod of silicon carbide may be electrically heated to 700-900 DEG  C. and dipped into the liquid compound which boils vigorously and moves at great speed past the wire or rod.  The products are quenched by the body of liquid, the quenching temperature being determined by its boiling point and therefore regulatable by varying the pressure.  Alternatively, the compound may be blown in vapour form through glowing spirals or grids, the reaction gases being immediately quenched.  The heated bodies may be of metals such as alloys of chromium with nickel or iron, or of lustrous or graphitic carbon or graphite.  Increased or reduced pressure may be used and inert gases or vapours may be present. In examples: (1) a glowing wire spiral is dipped into a dichlorbutane, the time of contact with the flowing liquid being about 0,1 sec.  The reaction gases pass through a reflux condenser and are then treated with alkali.  They contain butadiene and some butane and butene; (2) dichlorbutane vapour at 300 DEG  C. is led over a graphite rod heated electromagnetically to red heat.  The contact time is about 0,1 sec.  Butadiene is the main product.  Three heated silicon carbide rods may be employed similarly; (3) dichlorpropane is treated as in (1) yielding a mixture of hydrocarbons including mono- and diolefines; (4) butenyl chloride heated to 250 DEG  C. is led over a glowing silicon carbide rod to give butadiene.
Patent GB-805824-A (GB)
Title: Combined fluid pressure bearing and seal for apparatus utilizing a fluid
Inventor: BROWN EDWIN HARRISON
IPC: F04D29/04
Filed: 1956-10-02
Abstract: 805,824. Fluid bearings. ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURING CO. Oct. 2,1956, No. 30062/56. Class 12 (1). [Also in Group XXVI] In a centrifugal pump, an impeller 11 is rotatably mounted in a casing 10 by a fluid bearing 22 comprising a plurality of circumferentially-disposed pressure chambers 23 which co-operate with a cylindrical surface 20 on the impeller 11. The chambers 23 are bounded by axially-spaced projections 25 extending radially inwardly and terminating adjacent the cylindrical surface 20 to form therewith a pair of axially-spaced restricted passages placing each of the fluid-pressure chambers in continuous restricted communication with the working fluid at different pressures. Fluid is supplied through ducts 26 to an annular chamber 27 from which it passes through orifices 30 to the chambers 23, and it is discharged through grooves 33. A pressure gauge 50 is associated with each chamber 23, whereby the clearance and load at each chamber can be determined. The impeller 11 is attached to a shaft 12 supported by a radial fluid bearing 35 and fluid thrust bearing 46 described in Specification 805,825. In a modification, shown in Fig. 3, a conduit 32 leads to a single annular supply chamber 27. Alternatively, entirely separate supply means may be used.
Patent GB-836525-A (GB)
Title: A process for the preparation of carboxylic acids
IPC: C07C51/10
Filed: 1958-09-22
Abstract: Carboxylic acids are prepared by reacting mercaptans having at least three carbon atoms and in which a mercapto group is attached to a hydrocarbyl group through an aliphatic carbon atom with carbon monoxide in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid and in the absence of added water, diluting the resulting reaction mixture with water in the absence of any substantial addition of free carbon monoxide, and separating the carboxylic acid from the resulting diluted reaction mixture.  The reactants may be pretreated to remove water.  The mercaptan may contain more than one mercapto group and may be substituted, e.g. by halogen, nitro or carbonyl groups; secondary and tertiary mercaptans are preferred.  The sulphuric acid is above 90 and preferably above 95% concentration and is preferably in molecular excess, e.g. a molar ratio of H2SO4 to mercaptan of 2:1 to 10:1. Temperatures of - 10 DEG  to 100 DEG  C. and pressures up to 105 atmospheres and higher are mentioned.  Preferably at least a substantial portion of the reaction mixture is maintained in the liquid phase.  A solvent may be present during the reaction. Carbon monoxide may first be absorbed in the acid before the addition of the mercaptan.  The reaction conditions of temperature and pressure are preferably maintained for some time after carbon monoxide absorption has ceased.  If the mixture is appreciably above room temperature it is preferably cooled to a temperature not substantially above about 20 DEG  C., and the pressure is preferably reduced to about atmospheric before diluting with water.  The amount of water may be from 2 to 2,500, preferably 75 to 500% by volume of the acid originally charged.
Patent GB-908220-A (GB)
Title: Improved polymerisation process
Inventor: BUCKLEY GERARD DUNSTAN
IPC: C08G69/20
Filed: 1960-09-01
Abstract: In a process for making polyamides by the alkaline polymerization of at least one monomeric lactam having at least six carbon atoms in the ring, an N-substituted carbamoyl lactam having at least six carbon atoms in the lactam ring is added to the anhydrous monomeric lactam and the mixture held at a temperature above the melting point of the lactam.  Specified lactams are caprolactam, enantholactam, capryllactam, dodecanolactam, a -methylcaprolactam, b :d -dimethylcaprolactam and b -phenylcaprolactam.  Conventional alkaline catalysts are specified.  Specified N-substituted carbamoyl lactams are N-(phenyl-carbamoyl)-caprolactam, N-benzyl-carbamoylcaprolactam, N-cyclohexyl-carbamoyl-caprolactam, N-(a -naphthylcarbamoyl)-caprolactam, hexamethylene-bis-(N-carbamoyl-caprolactam), m-toluylene-bis-(N-carbamoyl-enantholactam), N-(p-brmoophenylcarbamoyl)-capryllactam, N-ethyl-carbamoyl-b -methyl caprolactam, ethylene-bis-(N-carbamoyl-b ,d -dimethyl caprolactam), N-methylcarbamoyl-b -phenyl-caprolactam, N-(p-nitrophenyl-carbamoyl)-a -methyl-caprolactam, N-isobutyl-carbamoyl-capralactam, N-(o-methoxyphenyl-carbamoyl)bis-caprolactam, N-allyl-carbamoyl-dodecanolactam and N-(b -chloroethyl-carbamoyl) caprolactam.  Pigments and fillers, e.g. finely-divided metals, short glass fibres and graphite may also be present in the polymerization mixture.  The examples describe the polymerization of caprolactam in the presence of sodium methoxide and:- (1) N-(phenyl-carbamoyl)-caprolactam; (2) N-(a -naphthyl-carbamoyl)-caprolactam and (3) hexamethylene bis-(N-carbamoyl-caprolactam).
Patent GB-891147-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for loading and unloading goods
Inventor: WEBER ERHARD
IPC: B65G37/00
Filed: 1958-09-22
Abstract: 891,147. Endless belt conveyer apparatus for loading or unloading. INSTITUT FUR FORDERTECHNIK LEIPZIG. Sept. 22, 1958, No. 30251/58. Class 78 (1). The conveyer apparatus is modified according to its use for loading or unloading. Loading (Fig. 1).-The apparatus of Fig. 1 is adapted to receive goods at 6 and to discharge them at 27. It comprises endless belt conveyer 4, the rear frame of which is pivoted to the carriage 1 at 2 and 11 for variable inclination effected by screw jack 9 and the front frame of which is pivoted at 13 to the rear frame likewise for variable inclination. Goods from conveyer 4 slide down ramp 15 on to endless belt conveyer 17. The framework of the latter is carried by turntable 19 rotated by piston 18, and it pivots at 22 in brackets 20 carried by said turntable so that its inclination may be varied by piston 21. Additionally it may be extended by extending beam 27, the linking of belt support rollers 33 by links 35 serving to space the rollers as the beam extends and the power being provided by piston 32 acting through rack-and-pinion. The apparatus is carried by carriage 1 supported on three wheels 51, 49 and driven by motor 47. Unloading (Fig. 3).-The same apparatus as above is now adapted to receive goods at 27 and to deliver them at 6. The goods received on conveyer 17 are discharged by plough 42 over conical slide 38 and fall down ramp 41 to be discharged by conveyer 4 at 6.
Patent GB-755736-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to skipping-rope handles
IPC: A63B5/20
Filed: 1953-11-03
Abstract: 755,736. Skipping-ropes. MASON, P. T., and MERRICK G. [trading as REPETITION WOOD TURNING CO.]. Nov. 3, 1954 [Nov. 3, 1953], No. 30315/53. Class 132(1) A skipping rope handle comprises a ball bearing with its outer race mounted in the bore of tubular attachment means which secure the ball bearing to a hand grip which is recessed to provide clearance for the inner end of the rope and its anchoring means to rotate. A metal sleeve 10, Fig. 3, is flanged to retain the outer race of ball bearing 12 when it is secured to the nose 9 of a wooden hand grip 8. An end of a rope 13 is anchored within the inner race of the ball bearing by a wood screw 14 screwed axially into the rope. The inner end of nose 9 has a recess 20 to accommodate the inner end of rope 13. In a modification sleeve 10 may be made of resilient plastic and have a rib which engages a groove in nose 9. Alternatively, nose 9 may be dispensed with and sleeve 10 provided with a perforated flange which is secured directely to the handle by nails, Fig. 4. Instead of a flange, pointed lugs may be provided which penertrate the wood of the handle.
Patent GB-155983-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in starting apparatus for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02N1/02
Filed: 1919-12-04
Abstract: 155,983. Docherty, J. W. Dec. 4 1919. Turning-gear.-In a starting-device in which the handle is prevented from turning backwards and acts through a star clutch arranged to override under excessive strain without causing axial movement of the handle, one member n of the star clutch is mounted rigidly upon the shaft d of the handle e. The other member p and a dog clutch r for engagement with the engine shaft are free on the shaft d and are connected by interlocking lugs q, s, a spring u being interposed. Backward movement of the handle is prevented by pawls carried by a member m on the squared part g of the shaft d and engaging a non-rotatable member c. For stationary or marine engines, the device is arranged to act through a chain sprocket secured to the dog-clutch member.
Patent GB-364680-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to jigging conveyors and the like
IPC: B65G27/00
Filed: 1930-10-10
Abstract: 364,680. Jigging conveyers. BAILLIE, S., Pool Hayes Colliery, Short Heath, near Wolverhampton. Oct. 10, 1930, No. 30366. [Class 78 (i).] The troughing is supported by rollers 30, one of which is mounted at each side of each section, and engages with substantially diamond-shaped cams, channels, guides, or the like 29 formed in fixed plates 28. A pawl 31 'pivoted adjacent to the rear end of the guide directs the roller into the upper part 32 of the guide on the forward stroke of the conveyer.
Patent GB-1001923-A (GB)
Title: Wheeled vehicle body construction
IPC: B62D25/16
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: 1,001,923. Vehicle bodies. AUTO UNION G.m.b.H. Aug. 4, 1964 [July 18, 1963], No. 30534/64. Heading B7B. An exterior mud-guard panel 10 is secured at 9 to a body panel 8 and the space 11 between these panels is closed by a shaped panel 12 secured at 13 to the body panel 3 and at 16 to the lower part 14 of the mud-guard.
Patent GB-208150-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for generating and supplying products of combustion as motive fluid to propulsion nozzles
IPC: F02K5/02
Filed: 1923-12-05
Abstract: 208,150. MÚlot, H. F. Dec. 7, 1922. [Convention date]. Generating combustion products under pressure.-Combustion products are supplied to a nozzle F by a double-acting internal-combustion cylinder A with a single piston B, the explosion on one side of the piston serving to compress a fresh charge on the other side. The cylinder works on a two-stroke cycle, and a number of cylinders may be arranged in any desired way, with pistons connected together. Mixture is supplied to the inlet valves C 'through pipes D from a common carburettor or two carburettors, and the exhaust escapes through valves E leading to the nozzle F. When working on a twostroke cycle, the exhaust is also withdrawn through terminal ports G leading to a nozzle 1 within the main nozzle F. The jet of combustion products from the nozzle P may be applied for propelling vehicles, driving turbines, producing a blast in metallurgical apparatus, &c. Starting is effected by moving the piston to one end of the cylinder, thus drawing in a charge at the other end, the piston then being set in motion by compressed air or gas or by igniting the mixture by means of a detonating cap or the admission of oxygen under pressure. The air, oxygen or other gas is admitted through cocks K. The Specification, as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a), states also that the cylinder may work on a four-stroke cycle or a Diesel cycle. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-535629-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to calender machines and the like
IPC: D06C15/00
Filed: 1939-11-23
Abstract: 535,629. Winding fabrics. MORLEY, W. T. B., and MORLEY, F. E. Nov. 23, 1939, No. 30622. [Class 42 (ii)] [ALso in Group XVI] A batch roll 1 taking delivery of fabric &c. from a calendering or other machine and normally driven through chain &c. gearing 18, 11 from the calender bowl 20 and a slipping clutch 9 has its rotation interrupted at intervals proportionate to the speed of the bowl &c. 20 by a ratchet wheel 28 and pawl 26 which are put into and out of engagement by a cam &c. 25 driven from the bowl 20. This allows an accumulation of fabric &c. in front of the batch roll which is wound up evenly without tension when the drive is restored.
Patent GB-321053-A (GB)
Title: An improvement in or relating to urinals
IPC: E03D13/00
Filed: 1928-10-24
Abstract: 321,053. Barber, F. P., and Leeds Fireclay Co., Ltd. Oct. 24, 1928. Urinals. - The whoJe or the lower part A<1> of the front surface of a urinal slab is inclined forwardly, and a vertical web or webs A<2> is provided at the back.
Patent GB-602293-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to masking-frames for photo-reproduction
IPC: G03B27/58
Filed: 1945-11-16
Abstract: 602,293. Photographic masking frames. KIESCHKE, W. Nov. 16, 1945, No. 30757. [Classes 98 (i) and 98 (ii)] A masking frame of the type in which adjustable sides are held in position by spring pressure, has one, or two adjacent, adjustable sides carried by a resilient mounting that fits closely opposite faces of a guide running at right angles to the masking edge, a compression spring separate from the mounting serving to press the mounting to the faces of the guide with sufficient pressure to hold the side in any adjusted position, and a lever, separate from the spring, pivoted on the mounting, to relieve spring pressure to enable the mounting to be slid along the guide. As shown in Fig. 1, the masking frame has a base 43, fixed sides 10, 11 and adjustable sides 16, 17 attached to mountings 23, 24 which are arranged to slide along guides consisting of pairs of rods 14, 15. Each mounting is formed from a strip of material 25, Fig. 3, bent around the guide rods and tensioned by spring 28 held by bolt 30 and nut 31, and is provided with a handle 39 pivoted at 40 to the lower part of the mounting 27, which handle has a toe 41 engaging the upper part of the mounting 26 to relieve the spring pressure by Lever action. The sides may be swung clear of the base 43 for insertion of a sensitive sheet.
Patent GB-818708-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in acceleration-responsive devices
IPC: G01R17/08
Filed: 1955-10-27
Abstract: 818,708. Measuring acceleration electrically. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Oct. 27, 1955 [Oct. 29, 1954], No. 30784/55. Addition to 816,779, [Group XIX]. Class 40 (1). [Also in Group XIX] An acceleration responsive device comprises a container rotatably mounted about an axis and including a resiliently mounted unbalance mass away from said axis, so arranged that accelerations transverse to the line joining the axis and centre of mass of the container tend to rotate the latter and means for exerting a counter torque on the container in response to such a rotation tendency. The container is immersed in a liquid of density equal to the ratio of weight to displacement of the container and its contents. The embodiment (Fig. 1) is substantially identical with that described in the parent Specification in which the rotation is sensed by electromagnetic means 21. This provides a signal which after amplification rotates a motor 17 mounted in the container 10 the counter torque exerted on stator 16 acting on the container, which is neutrally suspended in a fixed fluid filled outer housing 12, to balance the acceleration torque. A selsyn 41 feeds signals representing the instantaneous position of the motor rotor to a remote point. The system differs from that in the parent Specification in that the unbalance mass 15 does not form part of the container wall but is resiliently mounted thereon, for example on a leaf-spring 50 which is resilient only in the direction of accelerations to which the device responds. Alternatively the mounting may be a composite leaf-spring as shown in Fig. 6, having resilience both in that direction and perpendicular thereto. In a third embodiment the mass is mounted (Fig. 5) on a coil spring, container 57 restricting its motion to the direction perpendicular to the direction of measurable accelerations. The mass and mounting which may be duplicated are mounted in a container full of damping fluid. Alternatively, pneumatic, electromagnetic or spring damping may be used. Resilience in the direction of measurable accelerations reduces response of the device to high-frequency vibrations while a suitably chosen degree of resilience perpendicular to that direction prevents errors due to accelerations in the perpendicular direction and to the finite displacements of the container from its no acceleration position.
Patent GB-1024125-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in chain conveyor systems
Inventor: SKINNER NORMAN PHILIP
IPC: B61B10/02
Filed: 1963-09-06
Abstract: 1,024,125. Overhead conveyers. BAGSHAWE & CO. Ltd. Nov. 26, 1964 [Sept. 6, 1963], No. 30902/63. Heading B7L. In a conveyer system of the type having a track 12, Fig. 1, for trolleys 20 driven by abutments or dogs depending on overhead chain (not shown) guided along and supported by a second track mounted above the track 12, the load carrying members of the trolleys passing downwardly through a gap between two opposed channel members of the track 12 there is provided an indexing station having a plurality of indexing positions including a master and most forward position, a most rearward position and at least one intermediate position, and each position (an intermediate positioa is shown) comprises two separate portable structures A, B having guide rollers 22, 21 and mountable on opposite sides of the track 12 and securable thereto, the structure A containing a front stop 44 for stopping a trolley and the structure B containing a trip mechanism 49, 56 for controlling the front stop of the next rearward indexing position, and wherein the structures A and B alternate along each side of the track 12. The front stop of the structure A of the master position is operable by a manual lever or by an electromagnetic actuator and the structure B of the most rearward position may comprise a blank structure omitting the trip mechanism. As shown in Fig. 1, the trip mechanism comprises pivoted levers 49, 56 with rollers 53, 60 and interconnected by a push-rod 51 pivoted to the lever 56 at 61 and also at that point to a pushrod 62. The latter at its other end constitutes the coupling rod 42 for operating a bell-crank 39 pivoted to the structure A and operating the front stop 44 at the next preceding indexing position. The coupling rod 42 may also operate in known manner (through a connection 68a) a driving-dog disengaging-ramp on a spindle 66 on the structure A. A further spindle thereon carries a pivoted back stop 72.
Patent GB-1473086-A (GB)
IPC: F25B41/00
Filed: 1973-06-28
Abstract: 1473086 Refrigerating HOWDEN COMPRESSORS Ltd 10 June 1974 [28 June 1973] 30912/73 Headings F4H and F4U In a refrigeration system comprising a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an expansion device 3 and an evaporator 4, a fluid line 7a extends from a point between the condenser and the expansion device for delivering a  portion of the refrigerant from the condenser outlet to the compressor motor 5 to act as a cooling medium therefor. The refrigerant is wholly or partially vaporized in cooling the motor before passing into the compressor through an additional inlet. In a further embodiment, a vessel 6 is provided, Fig. 5, between the condenser and the expansion device and a liquid line 7a and/or a gas line 7b extends from the vessel to the compressor, the motor 5 being interposed in one of the lines. The system may include an oil separator 8 and an oil cooler 9 as described in Specification 1,473,085.