Patent GB-482277-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and apparatus for the manufacture and production of soaps from oxidation products of non-aromatic hydrocarbons
IPC: C11D13/02
Filed: 1936-09-21
Abstract: <PICT:0482277/III/1> Soaps, or fatty acids therefrom, freed of unpleasant odour are obtained from nonaromatic hydrocarbons oxidized by air or other gas containing oxygen, by treating the saponified oxidation products with steam at a temperature below that at which the unsaponifiables distil off and until the unpleasant odour is removed.  The unsaponifiables may be removed before or after, e.g. by solvents, or by treatment with steam at the higher temperatures necessary but for a time too short to remove much of the malodorous substances.  Before saponification the oxidized products may be freed from readily soluble oxidation products of low B.P. by water, acids, or organic solvents.  The saponification may be effected by alkali, alkaline earth, or heavy metal compounds, and the saponified products may be treated with steam while in solution or suspension in water or while fused and anhydrous.  The odour-free soaps may be bleached by hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite.  In an example, a mixture of crude scale wax with unsaponifiables from a previous oxidation is oxidized at 115 DEG  C. with air in presence of potassium permanganate, saponified at 230 DEG  C. and under pressure with a 15 per cent caustic soda solution, diluted to a 20 per cent soap solution with water and ethyl alcohol, and extracted with benzine to remove unsaponifiables.  The soap solution is then forced by a pump 1 through a preheater 2 under pressure and sprayed at 250-300 DEG  C. into a tower 4; the water, solvents and malodorous substances evaporated pass to a condenser 7; the soap solution, now at about 150 DEG  C., flows over Raschig rings 9 against a current of steam from a pipe 11, and is withdrawn through a pipe 13. Specification 396,769 is referred to.ALSO:<PICT:0482277/IV/1> Fatty acids free from unpleasant odour are obtained from non-aromatic hydrocarbons oxidized by air or other gas containing oxygen, by treating the saponified oxidation products with steam at a temperature below that at which the unsaponifiables distil off and until the unpleasant odour is removed, and liberating the free fatty acids in a known manner.  The unsaponifiables may be removed before or after, e.g. by solvents, or by treatment with steam at the higher temperatures necessary but for a time too short to remove much of the malodorous substances.  Before saponification the oxidized products may be freed from readily soluble oxidation products of low B.P by water, acids or organic solvents.  The saponification may be effected by alkali, alkaline earth, or heavy metal compounds, and the saponified products may be treated with steam while in solution or suspension in water or while fused and anhydrous.  The odour-free soaps may be bleached by hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite.  In examples; (1) hard paraffin wax is oxidized by air at 115 DEG  C. in presence of a manganese catalyst, washed with hot water, saponified under pressure at 200 DEG  C. with soda solution, and freed from unsaponifiables by diluting with aqueous isopropyl alcohol and extracting with petroleum ether; (2) a mixture of crude scale wax with unsaponifiables from a previous oxidation is oxidized at 115 DEG  C. with air in presence of potassium pemanganate, saponified under pressure with dilute soda, diluted with water and ethyl alcohol, and freed from unsaponifiables by extraction with benzine.  In both examples the soap solution freed of unsaponifiables is forced by a pump 1 through a preheater 2, and sprayed at 250-300 DEG  C. into a tower 4; the water, solvents and malodorous substances evaporated pass to a condenser 7; the soap solution, now at about 150 DEG  C. flows over Raschig rings 9 against a current of steam from a pipe 11, and is withdrawn through a pipe 13.  Specification 396,769 is referred to.