Patent GB-565777-A (GB)
Title: Modified drying oils and like unsaturated esters
Filed: 1942-11-16
Abstract: A glycerol ester of an unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid is treated with an organic compound containing a plurality of isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups.  The treatment may be applied not only to the simple ester, but to natural drying oils, interpolymers thereof with vinyl compounds, e.g. vinyl acetate, methyl-acrylate and styrene, and to varnishes, paints or enamels based on a drying oil composition.  Synthetic resins, natural resins, cellulose derivatives, pigments, plasticisers, driers, fillers, waxes, inhibitors and solvents may also be present.  The following components are mentioned: polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polystyrene, polyvinylesters, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylacetals, polyvinylketals, ureaformaldehyde resins, amideformaldehyde resins, phenolformaldehyde resins, ester gum, hydrogenated phenolformaldehyde resins, hydrogenated rosin, limed rosin, leaded rosin, copal, kauri, congo, manilla and damar resins, shellac, pyroxylin, cellulose acetate, cellulose ethers, zinc oxide, phthalate esters, phenols, mineral oils, cobalt, manganese, lead and iron naphthenates, wood flour, cork, mica, whiting, aluminium powder, carnauba wax, beeswax, paraffin wax, hydroxystearin, spermacetic wax, montan wax, cresol, pine oil, hydroquinone, guaiacol, cresol, soyalecithin and solvents such as hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, ethers, chlorinated hydrocarbons and nitroparaffins.  In examples: (1) decamethylenediisocyanate is added to an enamel, prepared from blown linseed oil, containing phenol-aldehyde modified ester gum, titanium and antimony oxides, lead and cobalt driers and hydrocarbon solvents; (2) m-phenylene diisothiocyanate is added to a varnish, prepared from blown soya bean oil, containing ester gum, driers and hydrocarbon solvents; (3) hexamethylenediisocyanate is added to (a) a varnish containing castor oil, coconut oil, phenol formaldehyde resin modified ester gum, litharge, cobalt drier and mineral spirit; (b) castor oil and xylene and the mixture used as a softener for a pyroxylin, butyl acetate lacquer and as a constituent of pyroxylin coating for fabrics; (c) a lacquer comprising blown castor oil, xylene, isobutanol, naphtha, toluene, a maleic anhydride rosin condensation product and a condensation product from urea, formaldehyde and isobutanol; (d) a paint comprising linseed oil, a drier, mineral spirits, zinc and titanium oxides, white lead and a titanium-magnesium pigment; (4) hexamethylenediisocyanate is used in the manufacture and cure of linoxyn; (5) decamethylene diisothiocyanate and cobalt drier are added to a varnish comprising alkali refined linseed oil, a phenolic resin modified ester gum and mineral spirits; (6) ethylenediisocyanate is added to a vacuum bodied linseed oil, and the mixture after heating used to prepare a varnish by adding ester gum, mineral spirits and driers.  The use of glycerol esters of oleic, oleostearic and sorbic acids and of chinawood, sunflower, perilla, oiticica, cashew-nut and olive oils is mentioned. Other specified polyisocyanates are: tetramethylenediisocyanate, propylene-1 : 2-diisocyanate, butylene-1 : 3 - diisocyanate, 1 - methylphenylenediiso - cyanate and diphenyl-4 : 41-diisocyanate. They may be made by phosgenating the corresponding diaminedihydrochlorides.