Patent GB-735091-A (GB)
Title: Synthetic lubricant
IPC: C08F210/02
Filed: 1953-09-15
Abstract: A copolymer having an average molecular weight of from 400 to 700, suitable for use as a lubricant is made by polymerizing at least one terminally unsaturated olefin containing from 2 to 16 carbon atoms with at least one vinyl alkyl ether having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical thereof.  Polymerization may be effected in bulk or in the presence of a solvent such as benzene, petroleum ether, hexane or heptane.  The olefine may be ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutene, 1-pentene, 3-methylbutene-1, 1-hexene, 3-methylpentene-1, 1-octene, 2-ethylhexene-1, 1-decene, 1-dodecene or 1-hexadecene, or mixtures thereof.  The alkyl group of the ether may be methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec.-butyl, tert.-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-decyl, n-dodecyl or n-hexadecyl. Suitable catalysts are benzoyl, acetyl, di-tert.-butyl, di-tert.-amyl, lauroyl or hydrogen peroxide, tert.-butyl hydroperoxide, an alkali metal perborate or persulphate, oxygen or a Friedel-Crafts catalyst such as boron trifluoride, boron trifluoride etherate, aluminium chloride, zinc chloride or ferric chloride.  Preferably there is employed 0.1 to 0.5 mol. of ether for each mol. of olefine.  The polymeric lubricant may be recovered by distilling off the more volatile portion of the reaction mixture.  The copolymers may be blended with any desired base oil stock such as a paraffin or refined naphthenic base oil or a synthetic oil such as an alkylated wax or similar alkylated hydrocarbon of high molecular weight, a hydrogenated hydrocarbon polymer, a condensation product of a chlorinated alkyl hydrocarbon with an aryl compound, an oil obtained by the polymerization of propylene and/or ethylene oxide, an oil obtained by etherification and/or esterification of the hydroxy groups in alkylene oxide polymers, such as the acetate of the 2-ethylhexanol-initiated polymer of propylene oxide, or a high molecular weight ester such as di(ethylhexyl)-sebacate.  The lubricant copolymers, whether employed alone or blended with other oils may have conventional oil additives incorporated therein, and may also contain detergents such as polyvalent metal phenates and sulphonates, sorbitan mono-oleate, pentaerythritol mono-oleate and polymethacrylate-methacrylamides.ALSO:A lubricating composition comprises a synthetic lubricant obtained by copolymerizing at least one terminally unsaturated olefin containing from 2 to 16 carbon atoms with at least one vinyl alkyl ether having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical thereof (see Group IV (a)), blended with any desired base oil stock such as a paraffin or refined naphthenic base oil or a synthetic oil such as an alkylated wax or similar alkylated hydrocarbon of high molecular weight, a hydrogenated hydrocarbon polymer, a condensation product of a chlorinated alkyl hydrocarbon with an aryl compound, an oil obtained by the polymerization of propylene and/or ethylene oxide, an oil obtained by etherification and/or esterification of the hydroxy groups in alkylene oxide polymers, such as the acetate of the 2-ethylhexanolinitiated polymer of propylene oxide, or a high molecular weight ester such as di-(ethylhexyl) sebacate.  The compositions may contain pour-point depressants, oiliness agents, extreme pressure additives, anti-oxidants, corrosion-inhibiting agents, blooming agents, thickening agents, viscosity index improvers and detergents such as polyvalent metal phenates and sulphonates, sorbitan mono-oleate, pentaerythritol mono-oleate and polymethacrylatemethacrylamides.