Patent GB-428438-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to resinous materials
IPC: C08G61/02
Filed: 1934-04-04
Abstract: Non-oxygenated synthetic resins containing aromatic nuclei (other than insoluble and infusible resins) are modified by nuclear alkylation.  This may be effected (a) by the Friedel-Crafts or Fittig reaction, or (b) by reaction of the resin with an olefine in the presence of a catalyst such as aluminium chloride or sulphuric acid, or (c) by reaction of the resin with an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of sulphuric acid or other dehydrating catalyst.  Specified types of resins to which the process may be applied are resins from aromatic hydrocarbons and dihalogenparaffins, e.g. from benzene and ethylene dichloride, and polymerization products of arylolefines such as styrene and indene.  The alkylated resins are more soluble in hydrocarbon oils than the initial resins and may be used (a) as thickeners for gasoline, solvent naphtha, burning oils, white oils and lubricating oils, and particularly for increasing the viscosity p and improving the viscosity index of lubricating oils; (b) as additions to paraffin wax, to restrain its tendency to crack; (c) as ingredients of coating or impregnating compositions containing mineral oils, for application to surfaces or to textiles or textile materials; and (d) in the manufacture of plastic compositions and moulded articles.  In the examples: (1) a resin prepared from benzene and ethylene dichloride, as described in Specification 428,410, is treated with amyl chloride in carbon bisulphide solution in the presence of aluminium chloride; the amylated resin, unlike the initial resin, is completely soluble in paraffin base solvents and petroleum lubricating oils; (2) a benzene - ethylene-dichloride resin of a higher molecular weight than the starting material of example 1 is amylated as described in example 1; (3) styrene is polymerized in the presence of boron fluoride and the product is treated with an alkyl halide as described in example 1; the alkylated product has the properties and uses indicated above; (4) a benzene-ethylene-dichloride resin is treated with secondary butyl chloride as described in example 1; particulars are given of the viscosity properties of mixtures of the products of examples 1, 2 and 4 with petroleum lubricating oils.  It is stated that the alkyl groups introduced may contain 1--20 carbon atoms, and reference is made to the use as alkylating agents of higher fatty alcohols and their halides, chlorinated paraffin wax, and normally gaseous or liquid olefines, including the liquid products obtained by cracking paraffin wax.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 is not restricted to the treatment of nonoxygenated synthetic resins, and refers to the treatment of phenolic resins such as phenolformaldehyde resins, resins prepared from phthalic anhydride, and naphthalene-formaldehyde resins.  The alkylation products of these resins are stated to be useful for the purposes indicated above.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Non-oxygenated synthetic resins containing aromatic nuclei (other than insoluble and infusible resins) are alkylated in the nucleus by known alkylation processes.  Specified types of resins to which the process may be applied are resins from aromatic hydrocarbons and dihalogenparaffins, e.g. from benzene and ethylene dichloride, and polymerization products of arylolefines such as styrene and indene.  The alkylated resins are more soluble in hydrocarbon oils than the initial resins and may be used (a) as thickeners for gasoline, solvent naphtha, burning oils, white oils and lubricating oils, and particularly for increasing the viscosity and improving the viscosity index of lubricating oils, and (b) as additions to paraffin wax, to restrain its tendency to crack.  In the examples, (1) a resin prepared from benzene and ethylene dichloride, as described in Specification 428,410 is alkylated with amyl chloride; the amylated resin, unlike the initial resin, is completely soluble in paraffin base solvents and petroleum lubricating oils; (2) a benzene-ethylene-dichloride resin of a higher molecular weight than the starting material of example 1 is amylated; (3) styrene is polymerized in the presence of boronfluoride and the product is treated with an alkyl halide; the alkylated product has the properties and uses indicated above; (4) a benzene-ethylene-dichloride resin is treated with secondary butyl chloride; particulars are given of the viscosity properties of mixtures of the products of examples 1, 2 and 4 with petroleum lubricating oils.  It is stated that the alkyl groups introduced may contain 1--20 carbon atoms, and reference is made to the use as alkylating agents of higher fatty alcohols and their halides, chlorinated paraffin wax, and normally gaseous or liquid olefines, including the liquid products obtained by cracking paraffin wax.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 is not restricted to the treatment of nonoxygenated synthetic resins, and refers to the treatment of phenolic resins such as phenolformaldehyde resins, resins prepared from phthalic anhydride, and naphthalene-formaldehyde resins.  The alkylation products of these resins are stated to be useful for the purposes indicated above.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.