baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-778145-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for the production of artificial threads, filaments and the like
Inventor: ENTWISTLE DONALD
IPC: D01D5/06
Filed: 1954-12-29
Abstract: <PICT:0778145/IV(a)/1> <PICT:0778145/IV(a)/2> An apparatus for the production of artificial threads, e.g. from viscose, cellulose esters, alginates or proteins, comprises a rotating surface for forwarding a thread and a jet for directing a stream of fluid, preferably air, tangentially to the surface at the point at which it is desired that the thread should leave the surface, thereby overcoming any tendency for the thread to adhere to and be lapped round the surface.  As shown, spinnerets 1, thread guides 2 and godets 3 form two spinning positions A and B on a tow spinning machine.  The thread 4 formed by extruding the spinning solution through spinneret 1 into coagulating bath 5 passes over guide 2, around godet 3, again over guide 2 and for a second time round godet 3 before joining a travelling tow 6 (position B).  In setting up the apparatus manually (position A), the operative passes the thread from the bath as described over the guide and godet, but on the second lap round the godet brings the thread to shelf 9.  By the provision of a stream of air from jet 7, the thread is stripped from the godet and prevented from lapping it a third time, and forms a pile 10 on the shelf.  The operative then joins the thread to the tow.  The apparatus is particularly useful when high spinning speeds, e.g. speeds greater than 70 metres per minute, are employed.
Patent GB-777152-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisation of ethylene
IPC: C07C2/88
Filed: 1954-12-31
Abstract: Ethylene is catalytically polymerized to form solid paraffin-like polymers by first binding ethylene in the absence of an activator on an aluminium trialkyl of the formula <FORM:0777152/IV(a)/1> wherein R1, R2 and R3 are similar or dissimilar alkyl radicals to form a product of the desired molecular weight and represented by the formula <FORM:0777152/IV(a)/2> wherein R1, R2 and R3 are similar or dissimilar alkyls and (x+y+z) is the average number of molecules of ethylene per mol. of aluminium trialkyl, and then treating the compound with a higher olefin than ethylene in the presence of nickel, cobalt or platinum as activator.  The olefins may be up to C30 and have melting points up to 100 DEG  C.  The higher olefins which may be used in the displacement stage are propylene, butene, pentene, hexene, and olefins with up to 10 carbon atoms. If the activators are supported on carriers such as granulated aluminium the process may be carried out in two reaction towers, one of which is packed with activatorfree bodies and the other with nickel carrying bodies, aluminium trialkyl and ethylene may be introduced into the first tower and the product treated with propylene in the second tower.  If some nickel goes into solution in the reaction product it may be rendered inactive by the addition of anhydrous iron chloride or iron acetyl acetonate. Specifications 713,081 and 742,642, [Group IV (b)], are referred to.ALSO:Ethylene is catalytically polymerized to form butene, pentene, hexene or higher liquid polymers by first binding ethylene on an aluminium trialkyl in the absence of an activator on an aluminium trialkyl of the formula: <FORM:0777152/IV(b)/1> wherein R1, R2 are similar or dissimilar alkyl radicals to form a product of the desired molecular weight and represented by the formula: <FORM:0777152/IV(b)/2> wherein R1, R2 and R3 are similar or dissimilar alkyls and (x + y + z) is the average number of molecules of ethylene per mol. of aluminium trialkyl, and then treating the compound with a higher olefin than ethylene in the presence of nickel, cobalt or platinum as activator.  The olefins may be up to C30 and have melting points up to 100 DEG  C.  The higher olefins which may be used in the displacement stage are propylene, butene, pentene, hexene and olefins with up to 10 carbon atoms. The production of alpha olefins is favoured by the use of lower temperatures (i.e. broadly lower than 70 DEG  C.) and higher temperatures give a double bond in the middle of the molecule.  If the activators are supported on carriers such as granulated aluminium the process may be carried out in two reaction towers, one of which is packed with activator-free bodies and the other with nickel-carrying bodies, aluminium trialkyl and ethylene may be introduced into the first tower and the product treated with propylene in the second tower.  If some nickel goes into solution in the reaction product it may be rendered inactive by the addition of anhydrous iron chloride or iron acetyl acetonate. Specifications 713,081 and 742,642 are referred to.
Patent GB-996632-A (GB)
Title: Improved laminated structures
Inventor: ENNOR KENNETH STAFFORD
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1962-10-08
Abstract: 996,632. Laminates and laminating. ESSO RESEARCH & ENGINEERING CO. Sept. 9, 1963 [Oct. 8, 1962], No. 38051/62. Heading B5N.  Honeycomb-type structures of the kind formed by impregnating sheet plies with a thermosetting liquid polymer of a C 4 -C 6  conjugated diene, corrugating or otherwise deforming the sheets and then placing them so that localized areas are in contact and curing them at a temperature and pressure which will bond then at the areas of contact, have a sheet of polyethylene interposed between the impregnated and dried plies before the curing operation in order to improve the bond. Preferably, sheets of polyethylene are placed on each side of each impregnated and dried ply, the ply is then shaped in a mould to the B- stage of cure and the composite plies thus formed are then clamped together at corresponding points (Fig. 2) to form a honeycomb structure whilst cure is completed. The sheet material may be woven or non-woven sheet of animal, vegetable or mineral origin, e.g. cloth, paper, wood or glass fibres, the preferred material being glass cloth. The impregnant may be applied by dipping or brushing and may be, e.g. a polymer of 1,3-butadiene, dimethyl butadiene, isoprene, piperylene or methyl pentadiene, or a copolymer thereof with other unsaturated monomers, e.g. styrene, acrylonitrile, esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, vinyl iso-butyl ether and methyl vinyl ketone especially graft polymers of polybutadiene with styrene and divinyl benzene and simple copolymers of 1,3-butadiene and styrene. Solvents may be benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, petroleum, naphtha, and white spirit, whilst suitable curing catalysts are organic peroxides or peresters, e.g. ditertiary butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, butyl diperphthalate and tertiary butyl perbenzoate. Adhesion promoting agents such as vinyl tri- 2-methoxy-ethoxy silane and other vinyl silanes may be included. The solvent may be removed from the impregnated plies by hot air blast or by over-drying.
Patent GB-835343-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to thermionic electrodes and electric discharge lamps
Inventor: POWER ERNEST BENJAMIN
IPC: H01J61/073
Filed: 1957-12-09
Abstract: 835,343. Cathode constructions. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Dec. 9, 1958 [Dec. 9, 1957], No. 38259/57. Class 39(1). A thermionic electrode for a high-pressure mercury vapour lamp comprises a rod 1, Fig. 1, a tungsten coil 2, one end of which fits tightly onto one end of the rod, the other end being of larger diameter and enclosing the rod and an electron emissive pellet 3. The coil was formed by winding the wire round a cylindrical mandrel consisting of two parts of different diameters, collinear along one side and joined by a bevelled section. The coil thus formed tends to return to its position of axial symmetry, such that when it is fitted over the rod and the pellet is inserted a force is applied to the pellet such as to press it against the rod. The pellet is locked in place by turning the last turn of the coil 4. Specification 594,059 is referred to.
Patent GB-1037467-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to web printing machines
IPC: B65H20/08
Filed: 1964-09-18
Abstract: 1,037,467. Screen printing machines. FRITZ BUSER A.G. Sept. 18, 1964 [Sept. 18, 1963], No. 38266/64. Heading B6C. In a web-fed screen printing machine in which the web is stuck to an endless conveyer belt for presentation to a printing station, the upper flight 2a of the belt is intermittently movable whilst the lower flight 2b moves continuously. This is achieved by passing the belt around two rollers 3 and 4 each of which is mounted in a carriage 17 movable along rails 18 the carriages being joined together in fixed relative positions by an endless chain 19. Hydraulically operated gripper elements 10 are used to intermittently advance the combined web and upper belt flight 2a to a position on the printing table 1, such forward movement also causing similar movement of the roller carriages 17. Whilst the flight 2a is stationary a motor and chain drive 32, 31, 30, 29, 28, 25, 24 and 26, Fig. 2 (not shown), causes retraction of the carriage 17 carrying the roller 3, the latter roller carrying a suitable sprocket-wheel 23 for this purpose such wheel engaging the chain 24 of the motor and chain drive. The motor is of variable speed being controlled by an element 33 connected by a rod system 34 to the carriage 17.
Patent GB-1158403-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a Method and Apparatus for the Continuous Casting of Metal in a Mould
IPC: B22D11/108
Filed: 1966-08-26
Abstract: 1,158,403. Continuous casting-machines. TSENTRALNY NAUCHNO - ISSLEDOVATESKY INSTITUT CHERNOI METALLURGII " I. P. BARDINA". 26 Aug., 1966 [2 Feb., 1966; 26 Feb., 1966; 7 April, 1966 (2)], No. 38395/66. Heading B3F. In a continuous casting machine slag in a powdered form is passed from a hopper 5 by a stream of reducing gas, e.g. butane or propane, and distributed on the surface of the liquid metal in the mould 1 by enclosures 12 having orifices 13 to form a layer 18, which may also include an exothermic mixture. The liquid metal is fed to the mould 1 by a nozzle 2 closed at its end and having apertures 20 to direct the liquid metal to the transition zone between the slag and metal but without intermixing with the layer 18. The nozzle 2 may have upwardly and downwardly directed apertures 20 (24), (Fig. 5, not shown), in vertical alignment so as to reduce the kinetic energy of the flow, and in a rectangular cross-section mould the apertures may be directed diagonally thereto (Fig. 6, not shown). A reducing gas may further be supplied above the layer 18 by a conduit (21), (Fig. 3, not shown).
Patent GB-905998-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of alkali metal borohydrides
IPC: C08F4/12
Filed: 1960-11-09
Abstract: An alkali metal borohydride is produced by reacting an alkali metal hydride, or a mixture of an alkali metal and hydrogen, at a temperature between 50 DEG  and 500 DEG C., preferably from 100 DEG to 200 DEG C., with boron trifluoride or an addition product thereof in the presence of a fluoroboric acid ester of the general formula FnB(OR)3-n, in which R is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical and n is 1 or 2, the ester being present in an amount of from 0,5 to 50% by weight, calculated on the alkali metal hydride. Preferred esters are those of difluoroboric acid, particularly the n-butyl ester, and other R radicals specified are methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, phenyl and tolyl. Suitable BF3 addition products are those formed by addition of BF3 to ethers, e.g. diisopropyl ether, dimethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, amines, e.g. triethylamine and pyridine, alkali metal (e.g. Na) fluorides, or alkali metal oxides, e.g. Na2O.  An organic nitrogen base, e.g. triethylamine, pyridine, and dimethylcyclohexylamine, or an ether, e.g. tetrahydrofuran, diisopropyl ether, and dimethyl ethers of mono-, di-, tri-, or tetraethylene glycol, may be present as a cocatalyst.  An inert dispersing agent may also be present, those specified being aliphatic hydrocarbons, e.g. paraffins boiling above 150 DEG C., and aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. xylene, or mixtures thereof, and dimethyl ethers of mono-, di-, tri-, or tetraethylene glycol, these latter compounds serving both as dispersing agents and co-catalysts.  The reaction may be carried out in an atmosphere of hydrogen at superatmospheric pressure.
Patent GB-1522154-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus and method for handling and stacking battery plates and the like
IPC: H01M10/14
Filed: 1975-09-19
Abstract: 1522154 Stacking sheets separated from alternative piles GENERAL BATTERY CORP 19 Sept 1975 [1 Oct 1974] 38586/75 Heading B8R [Also in Division F2]  Plate and separator sheets for batteries are separated from respective piles and placed alternately in stacks. A plurality of spaced plate and separator pile holders 100, 101 are provided. The piles are supported on-edge on indexable chains, e.g. 151 between adjustable side walls. Pile vibrators and weights are provided. The foremost sheet of each pile is normally retained by presser pads 118, Fig. 7, (123), Fig. 6 (not shown), and by a pivotable plate 133 which is pivoted away just before separation. Separation is by alternately operating vacuum heads, e.g. 83, 84 on a common oscillating shaft 56. Each head can be extended by cylinders 81, 82 to a position adjacent, but not touching, the foremost sheet in the associated pile of plates or separators. This sheet is thus pulled from the presser pads and jumps to the head. The plate 133 then returns, the pads are released and the pile advanced. The shaft 56 then rotates, moving the separated sheet over an indexable, stack supporting chain conveyer 215 and the head drops it on to a stack. By alternately separating sheets from the two types of piles, stacks of alternate plates and separators are formed. A photoelectric device detects stack jams or too few sheets per stack and stops the whole apparatus.
Patent GB-920037-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in coated fabrics and method of making
IPC: D06N7/00
Filed: 1961-10-30
Abstract: 920,037. Coated fabrics. UNITED STATES RUBBER CO. Oct. 30, 1961 [Jan. 30, 1961], No. 38690/61. Class 140. A coated fabric having both tear resistance and abrasion resistance is formed of a fabric woven from yarns of continuous, essentially untwisted filaments, said filaments being composed of organic fibres containing a plurality of isocyanate-reactive groups, a flexible elastomeric sealing material free of isocyanate groups applied to one side of the fabric so as to penetrate the interstices thereof, and a polyurethane elastomeric composition applied to the other side of the fabric so as to adhere thereto, said adhesion being limited to the tops of the filaments by the sealing material. The sealing material may be free of both isocyanate and isocyanate-reactive groups. The filaments may be composed of organic fibres containing more than two isocyanate-reactive groups having at least one active hydrogen atom, selected from amide or hydroxyl groups, and wherein said yarns have a greater width than thickness e.g. linear sythetic polyamides having recurring carbonamide groups as an integral part of the main polymer chain such as nylon, silk, casein, viscose rayon or high strength regenerated cellulose fibres. The coated fabric may be formed of a fabric woven from yarns of continuous, essentially untwisted polyhexamethylene adipamide filaments, neoprene applied to one side of the fabric so as to penetrate the interstices thereof, and a polyurethane elastomeric composition containing unreacted isocyanate groups applied to the other side of the fabric so as to adhere only to the tops of the filaments. Examples of elastomeric sealing materials and polyurethane compositions are given. Specification 486,878 is referred to.
Patent GB-1272234-A (GB)
Title: An optical image intensifier
Inventor: UCHIDA TEIJI
IPC: H01S3/00
Filed: 1969-08-04
Abstract: 1,272,234. Lasers. NIPPON SELFOC CO. Ltd. 4 Aug., 1969 [22 Oct., 1968], No. 38968/69. Heading H1C. [Also in Division G2] A laser amplifier comprises as an active medium a rod 6 whose refractive index n decreases from a maximum value N according to the square of the distance r from its axis, as given by the equation n = N(1-ar<SP>2</SP>) where a is a positive constant. Such a refractive index gradient is stated to cause the medium to act as a series of convex lenses. The amplifier is incorporated in an image intensifier, Fig. 1, an object P being illuminated by light transmitted from a source 12 through a fibre guide 2. An image Q 1  is formed by a lens 4 and transmitted through a fibre guide 3 to the laser amplifier 5, which comprises a neodymium doped glass rod 6 and a pump 7. The image is projected on to a film or screen 8. Each of the fibres in guides 2 and 3 preferably has a refractive index variation given by the above equation, as described in Application No. 38648/69. In another embodiment, Fig. 2 (not shown), guides 2 and 3 are replaced by a common fibrous body having the above refractive index variation. The light source 1 may be a laser generator with an output suitable for amplification by rod 6, such as a neodymium doped YAG, or may be a white light source. In the latter case a filter may be used which passes only radiation suitable for amplification by rod 6, thereby minimizing heating of the object P. If the fibre guide 3 is long, laser amplifiers may be disposed therein at intervals. An optical isolator such as a Faraday effect device may be used at the input of the intensifier to prevent effects of backward radiation. The rod 6, and the common guide of the second embodiment, may be made by the method described in Specification 1,269,101.
Patent GB-366228-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dynamo electric machines
IPC: H01R39/58
Filed: 1930-12-29
Abstract: 366,228. Brushes and brush-holders for dynamo -electric machines. ELECTROLUX., Ltd, 153, Regent Street, London.- (Assignees of Inventia Patent-Verwertungs- Ges.; 10, Herrenacker, Schaffhausen, Switzerland. Dec. 29, 1930, No. 39076. Convention date, Dec. 28, 1929. [Class 35.] When a brush is worn down too far to make proper contact with the commutator the stump is automatically broken into pieces which are ejected from the machine. For this purpose the brush 15 is secured to the lead 24 by means of a spring 21 the ends 22 of which fit into a slot 20 in the brush and press outwards so that when the brush is worn down as far as the ends of the slot the two portions are ejected as shown in Fig. 5. The brush is pressed against the commutator by a spring which is prevented from touching the commutator when the broken brush is ejected by an abutment 28. The spring 21 may be prevented from touching the commutator by its lead 24, or by a second spring adapted to come into action to overpower the spring 17 when the brush has been broken. An alternative arrangement of the spring 21 is described.
Patent GB-883926-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to densimetric separating units
IPC: B03B5/42
Filed: 1959-11-18
Abstract: 883,926. Washing granular &c. materials. PREPARATION INDUSTRIELLE DES COMBUSTIBLES. Nov. 18, 1959 [Dec. 2, 1958], No. 39148/59. Class 82(2.) A bucket wheel for removing heavies from a sink and float apparatus rotates about a horizontal axis and has each bucket arranged to drain the heavy fraction and so shaped as to discharge it outside the plane of the wheel as the latter rotates. As shown, wheel 6 has a casing 13, spokes 15, a hub 14 and perforated radial walls 7 which may be shaped with a dihedral angle (Fig. 7) flat (Fig. 8) or curved (Fig. 9) a discharge surface 16 serving to deflect material collected by the wheel. In Fig. 10 the deflector 16 is replaced by a deflector 53 which joins one of the edges of perforated wall 51 to the centre of the preceding wall 51, discharge occurring over surface 52 which is parallel to the axis of the wheel, the surfaces 52 forming a regular prism about the axis of the wheel.
Patent GB-1117245-A (GB)
Title: Hearing aid
IPC: H04R25/02
Filed: 1965-11-16
Abstract: 1,117,245. Hearing aids. DAHLBERG ELECTRONICS Inc. 16 Nov., 1965 [23 Sept., 1965], No. 39257/67. Divided out of 1,117,246. Heading H4J. The description is substantially identical with that of Specification 1,117,246 but the claims differ.
Patent GB-817772-A (GB)
Title: Improved heating means for viscous fluids carried in ships
IPC: B63J2/14
Filed: 1956-12-28
Abstract: 817,772. Tubular heat exchangers. CASINGHINI, F. Dec. 28, 1956 [Dec. 29, 1955], No. 39524/56. Class 64(3) In an arrangement such as is described in Specification 742,683 for heating fuel oil and other viscous fluids carried in ships and comprising heating tubes on which are provided externally finned sleeves, the tubular elements may, according to the invention, be made of steel or other metal or alloy such as an aluminium alloy and the finned sleeves are made of aluminium alloy.
Patent GB-812487-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to wrist-watches
IPC: G04B19/30
Filed: 1956-12-28
Abstract: 812,487. Watches. BUCHTER, A., [trading as GLOBO INVESTMENT TRUST.]. Dec. 28, 1956 [April 30, 1956], No. 39540/56. Class 139 A wrist watch has dial illuminating means comprising an incandescent lamp 8, Fig. 2, and an accumulator. The movement 1 and the dial 2 are located in a watchcase having a bottom 4, a combined case band and bezel 3 and a glass 5. The base plate of the movement has a recess on which is fixed by paste or glue the lamp 8 the lower part of which is silver coated. The lamp is covered by a transparent member 12 located in a dial recess 6 and marked with the hour marking "12". The accumulator comprises a cadmium plate electrode resting on the bottom 4, an electrolyte of an organic acid or potassium hydroxide film and an upper plate electrode of a nickel carbon alloy against which rests a steel plate 14. An insulating ring 15 separates the plate 14 from the bottom 4. The connecting wire 9 of the lamp 8 is connected to a metal sheet 16 which is connected to the plate 14, insulation 17, 18 being provided. The connecting wire 10, Fig. 1, has a bare end 25 which may be engaged by a flange of a pusher 20 to cause the lamp 8 to light. A wire 26 is connected to the plate 14 and passes through the pusher 20 where its bare end 28 is welded at 29 to an insulating ring. The circuit is shown in Fig. 6 from which it is clear that the accumulator may be recharged by connecting the spot 29 and the watchcase to a D.C. source. The pusher 20 may normally be latched in its inner operative position or may be constructed so that depression of the pusher breaks the lamp circuit. In another embodiment, Fig. 5, the lamp 8 is located in a movement supporting ring 32. The bezel has a reflecting surface 35 and the glass 5a has a lens 36.
Patent GB-1118708-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hand-held electric stud-welding tools and apparatus including the same
Inventor: ETTINGER DONALD HERBERT
IPC: B23K9/20
Filed: 1965-07-12
Abstract: 1,118,708. Welding by pressure. WARREN FASTENER CORP. 12 July, 1965, No. 39546/67. Divided out of 1,118,707. Heading B3R. The subject matter of the Specification is similar to that of the parent Specification except that the claims are directed to a hand-held electric stud welding tool comprising a reciprocably mounted electrode assembly 22 having a button holding means 64 provided with a rearwardly extending passage into which leads a transverse inlet 94, and the support of the tool being provided with an aperture through which a stud can be introduced to pass through the inlet 94 into the passage whereby a fluid pressure operated electrode plunger 66 can push a stud forwardly through the passage into the button holding means 64.
Patent GB-918549-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the fixing of carpets
IPC: A47G27/04
Filed: 1960-11-22
Abstract: 918,549. Wire staples. WOOLFENDEN, G. Sept. 29, 1961 [Nov. 22, 1960], No. 40032/60. Class 89 (2). [Also in Group IX] A staple of roundsection spring steel wire has the ends of its limbs turned back to form hooks so that when the staple is lying flat the hooks lie in vertical planes. The ends are hooked into the backing fabric of a carpet and the U-shaped part lies flat below the carpet for looping on to a screw or nail secured in the floor to fix the carpet. The hooks, after securement to the carpet, may be closed by hammering or squeezing. Underlay may be fixed in the same way.