Patent GB-750067-A (GB)
Title: Production and treatment of filamentary materials
IPC: D01D10/04
Filed: 1952-05-16
Abstract: Apparatus for treating filamentary material, particularly artificial filaments, with liquids comprises a trough, means for moving a tow of filamentary material along the trough from the inlet to the outlet thereof, and a nozzle for introducing liquid treating medium into the inlet end of the trough in the same direction as the tow and at high velocity so as to pass along the trough to the outlet thereof.  The floor of the trough may be formed with a plurality of perforations and furnished with means for introducing further liquid treating medium into the trough through the perforations.  A plate may be positioned close to the path of the tow for separating from the tow a portion of the liquid treating medium.  The apparatus may be associated with other apparatus so that the tow may be subjected to a series of treatments in succession.  Filaments may be produced by extrusion of a spinning solution into a coagulating bath and the filaments may be collected to form a tow which is passed in continuous manner first through treatment apparatus as set forth wherein it is plasticised and stretched, then through a cold washing apparatus, and then to a cutting device and to a device for opening up the cut fibres.  As shown in Fig. 2, tows 49 of continuous filaments, e.g. viscose rayon filaments, coming directly from the spinning apparatus in which they are formed, enter the stretching apparatus between guide pins 52 and merge to form a tow 53 in the form of a flat sheet.  The tow 53 passes between squeeze bars 56, 57 to express some of the adherent coagulating medium.  Liquid draining through conduit 62 is sent to a hot dilute acid tank from which it is drawn for use as a plasticising agent.  The upper bar 57 is fastened to the lower end of a weighted member 63 which is slidably mounted in channels 64. The tow passes between vertical guide pins 65 and into an elongated trough 66 which is enclosed by means of a hood 67.  The tow enters the trough between bars 68, 69, the upper one of which is fastened to the lower end of a door 71 mounted for vertical movement in channels 72.  The pressure of the bar on the tow forms a gas- and liquid-tight seal.  A plasticising liquid such as a hot solution of dilute sulphuric acid is introduced through nozzle 75 with a high velocity in the direction of travel of the tow. Simultaneously, additional plasticising liquid is introduced through perforations 79 in the floor of the trough 66 so as to ensure the plasticising of all the filaments in the tow.  Carbon disulphide or other gases which may be liberated from the tow are exhausted from the hood 67 through a conduit 81 (Fig. 4).  After traversing trough 66, the tow enters a trough 82 forming an extension of trough 66 but having an imperforate floor.  It then passes under a plough 83 (Figs. 4 and 5) which is pivotally supported from a bar 84 and is positioned slightly above the tow 53.  The sharp leading edge 86 acts to lift the major portion of the liquid from the tow and the curved plates 87 sweep this liquid over the edges of plate 85, these edges having skirts 88 to keep the liquid from disturbing the filaments at the edges of the tow 53.  The liquid which <PICT:0750067/IV(a)/1> <PICT:0750067/IV(a)/2> <PICT:0750067/IV(a)/3> is removed by the plough drops into a collecting chamber 91 and the major portion flows over the baffle 92 into conduit 110 and is returned to a storage tank for re-use.  The remainder of the liquid from chamber 91 flows through the perforated plate 93 to a drain 94.  Plate 95 dipping into the pool of liquid in chamber 91 forms a gas-tight seal to prevent an excessive flow of air into the hood 67 around the plough 83.  The tow 53 passes between guide pins 96, 97, 99 and 101, and under wiper bar 102 which is secured to the lower edge of door 103.  The tow then passes to a cold washing section of the apparatus.  Water is sprayed on the tow from a perforated conduit 106 while the tow is passing between pairs of vertical guide pins 107 and pairs of horizontal pins 108. The water cools the tow and washes out part of the plasticising medium and impurities and then flows into collecting chamber 91. The tow passes under wiper bars 111 which express a portion of the wash liquid from the tow to ensure a more thorough removal of impurities.  Towards the discharge end of the washing section, the pairs of pins 107 are spaced closer together so that the tow is gradually converted from a flat sheet to a bundle of generally circular cross-section.  The tow passes on to a take-up drum which is driven at a speed sufficient to impart the required degree of stretch to the filaments in the tow. The major part of the stretching takes place while the tow is traversing the trough 66. From the take-up drum, the tow passes to a cutting machine.  The chips of cut fibres may be opened up by a stream of liquid as described in Specification 750,066, [Group IV (c)], and the suspension of fibres so formed may be separated from the liquid in apparatus such as that described in Specification 750,065, [Group I].ALSO:<PICT:0750067/IV(c)/1> <PICT:0750067/IV(c)/2> <PICT:0750067/IV(c)/3> Apparatus for treating filamentary material, particularly artificial filaments, with liquids comprises a trough, means for moving a tow of filamentary material along the trough from the inlet to the outlet thereof, and a nozzle for introducing liquid treating medium into the inlet end of the trough in the same direction as the tow and at high velocity so as to pass along the trough to the outlet thereof.  The floor of the trough may be formed with a plurality of perforations and furnished with means for introducing further liquid treating medium into the trough through perforations.  A plate may be positioned close to the path of the tow for separating from the tow a portion of the liquid treating medium. The apparatus may be associated with other apparatus so that the tow may be subjected to a series of treatments in succession.  Filaments may be produced by extrusion of a spinning solution into a coagulating bath and the filaments may be collected to form a tow which is passed in continuous manner first through treatment apparatus as set forth wherein it is plasticized and stretched, then through a cold washing apparatus, and then to a cutting device and to a device for opening up the cut fibres.  As shown in Fig. 2, tows 49 of continuous filament, e.g. viscose rayon filaments, coming directly from the spinning apparatus in which they are formed, enter the stretching apparatus between guide pins 52 and merge to form a tow 53 in the form of a flat sheet.  The tow 53 passes between squeeze bars 56, 57 to express some of the adherent coagulating medium.  Liquid draining through conduit 62 is sent to a hot dilute acid tank from which it is drawn for use as a plasticizing agent.  The upper bar 57 is fastened to the lower end of a weighted member 63 which is slidably mounted in channels 64.  The tow passes between vertical guide pins 65 and into an elongated trough 66 which is enclosed by means of a hood 67.  The tow enters the trough between bars 68, 69, the upper one of which is fastened to the lower end of a door 71 mounted for vertical movement in channels 72.  The pressure of the bar on the tow forms a gas and liquid tight seal.  A plasticizing liquid such as a hot solution of dilute sulphuric acid is introduced through nozzle 75 with a high velocity in the direction of travel of the tow. Simultaneously, additional plasticizing liquid is introduced through perforations 79 in the floor of the trough 66 so as to ensure the plasticizing of all the filaments in the tow.  Carbon disulphide or other gases which may be liberated from the tow are exhausted from the hood 67 through a conduit 81 (Fig. 4).  After traversing trough 66, the tow enters a trough 82 forming an extension of trough 66 but having an imperforate floor.  It then passes under a plough 83 (Figs. 4 and 5) which is pivotally supported from a bar 84 and is positioned slightly above the tow 53.  The sharp leading edge 86 acts to lift the major portion of the liquid from the tow and the curved plates 87 sweep this liquid over the edges of plate 85, these edges having skirts 88 to keep the liquid from disturbing the filaments at the edges of the tow 53.  The liquid which is removed by the plough drops into a collecting chamber 91 and the major portion flows over the baffle 92 into conduit 110 and is returned to a storage tank for re-use. The remainder of the liquid from chamber 91 flows through the perforated plate 93 to a drain 94.  Plate 95 dipping into the pool of liquid in chamber 91 forms a gas-tight seal to prevent an excessive flow of air into the hood 67 around the plough 83.  The tow 53 passes between guide pins 96, 97, 99 and 101, and under wiper bar 102 which is secured to the lower edge of door 103.  The tow then passes to a cold washing section of the apparatus.  Water is sprayed on the tow from a perforated conduit 106 while the tow is passing between pairs of vertical guide pins 107 and pairs of horizontal pins 108.  The water cools the tow and washes out part of the plasticizing medium and impurities and then flows into collecting collecting chamber 91. The tow passes under wiper bars 111 which express a portion of the wash liquid from the tow to ensure a more thorough removal of impurities.  Towards the discharge end of the washing section, the pairs of pins 107 are spaced closer together so that the tow is gradually converted from a flat sheet to a bundle of generally circular cross-section.  The tow passes on to a take-up drum which is driven at a speed sufficient to impart the required degree of stretch to the filaments in the tow.  The major part of the stretching takes place while the tow is traversing the trough 66.  From the take-up drum the tow passes to a cutting machine.  The chips of cut fibres may be opened up by a stream of