baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FI-79725-B (FI)
Inventor: HERRICK FRANKLIN WILLARD
IPC: D21C9/00
Filed: 1984-03-27
Granted: 1989-10-31
Abstract: Redispersible microfibrillated cellulose is prepared by the addition to a liquid dispersion of the microfibrillated cellulose, an additive compound capable of substantially inhibiting hydrogen bonding between the cellulose fibrils. The microfibrillated cellulose, upon drying, is characterized by having a viscosity when redispersed in water of at least 50% of the viscosity of an equivalent concentration of the original dispersion.
Patent FI-91393-B (FI)
Inventor: GIORDANO CLAUDIO
IPC: C07C53/132
Filed: 1985-04-02
Granted: 1994-03-15
Abstract: Compounds of formula 
<CHEM>
 wherein
 Ar represents an optically substituted aryl group,
 R represents a C1-C4 alkyl;
 R1 and R2, equal to or different from each other, represent hydroxy, O<->M<+>, OR3 or 
<CHEM>
 R3 represents a C1-C24 alkyl, a C3-C6 cycloalkyl, a phenyl or a benzyl;
 M<+> represents the cation of an alkaline metal;
 R4 and R5, equal to or different from each other,
 represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl, a C5-C6 cycloalkyl, a (CH2)n-CH2OH group with n=1, 2 or 3, or R4 and R5 together are group (CH2)m  with m=4 or 5, a group -CH2-CH2R6-CH2-CH2- in which R6 is an oxygen atom, an N-H or N-(C1-C4) alkyl group;
 X represents a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, an hydroxy, acyloxy, alkylsulphonyloxy or arylsulphonyloxy group; the carbon atoms marked by an asterisk are both contemporaneously in the R or S configuration, are described. 
<??>The preparation of the compound of formula I by ketalization or by trans-ketalization with tartaric acid derivatives and their rearrangement into alpha-arylalkanoic acids is described too.
Patent FI-87973-B (FI)
Inventor: AKAGI SIZUKA
IPC: A01G31/02
Filed: 1988-04-18
Granted: 1992-12-15
Abstract: A system for hydroculture includes panels (1) provided with holes (2) for receiving vegetable plants. Two of such panels (1) are assembled to form a structure of triangular cross-section. A spray tube (3) provided with nozzles (6) is disposed between the panels (1) and a nutrient solution is applied under pressure to the tube (3) to be sprayed on to the roots of the plants. A drive (7, 8) is provided to protect the spray tube (3) in alternating dirctions.
Patent FI-87612-B (FI)
Inventor: BERGER KURT
IPC: G08G1/07
Filed: 1988-06-23
Granted: 1992-10-15
Abstract: In a data transmission system for road traffic signal systems having a central traffic computer (VSR) with a connection assembly (ABG) for input/output units (EAE), which assembly has a plurality of central modems (ZMO 1,2,3,...), and having a plurality of micro- processor-controlled (MP) crossconnection devices (KG 1,2,3,...), having in each case a device modem (GEMO) which is connected via a 2-wire telecommunications line (FL 1,2,...) to the central modem (ZMO 1,2,...), the data transmission between the traffic computer (VSR) and the crossconnection devices (KG 1,2,3,...) taking place in a predeterminable time-slot pattern (ZR) with fast-frequency shift keying (FFSK), the central modems (ZMO 1,2,...) are controlled by a microcomputer (MC) in the input/output unit (EAE) and connected via an input/output memory (EASP) to the connection assembly (ABG). The device modem is connected via two separate interfaces to the microprocessor (MP) of the crossconnection device (KG). In a first mode of operation only control data are transmitted, for which the first interface has a control interface (STIF), and in a second mode of operation supply data and measuring data are additionally transmitted, for which the second interface has a serial data interface (SDIF). <IMAGE>
Patent FI-94625-B (FI)
Inventor: WOSCHINA AXEL
IPC: C07C217/18
Filed: 1988-09-28
Granted: 1995-06-30
Abstract: Trans-1,1,2-triphenyl-but-1-ene derivatives of the formula 1 are obtained directly by dehydration of carbinols of the formula 2 by heating in strongly hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid medium in the absence of organic solvents. 
<IMAGE>
Patent FI-88346-B (FI)
Title: Method for installing arc-suppression plates in an arc-control device of a connector and a tool for the application of the method
Inventor: SUNDSTROEM ERIK
IPC: H01H9/34
Filed: 1991-10-16
Granted: 1993-01-15
Abstract: The invention concerns a method and a tool for installing arc-suppression plates 2 in an arc-control device 6 of a connector. According to the invention the arc-suppression plates 2 are placed in an installing tool 13 which is inserted in the arc-control device 6 and utilizing the tool 13 the arc-suppression plates are deformed in the arc-control device 6 to such an extent that the arc-suppression plates are locked fast. <IMAGE>
Patent FI-114154-B (FI)
Inventor: KAELLSTROEM LARS AAKE
IPC: A61P1/04
Filed: 1996-01-09
Granted: 2004-08-31
Abstract: A novel compound form of magnesium omeprazole, i.e. with a degree of crystallinity which is higher than 70% as determined by x-ray powder diffraction, useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations, the use of the product and the process for its production are described.
Patent HU-217260-B (HU)
Title: Ship hull
Inventor: RAAB MANFRED
IPC: B63B1/20
Filed: 1990-11-27
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP90/02028 Sec. 371 Date May 22, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date May 22, 1992 PCT Filed Nov. 27, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO91/08137 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 13, 1991.The invention relates to a boat hull, in particular for high speed crafts, the underside of which has in at least one longitudinal section through or, respectively, parallel to the center plane a profile similar to the profile of an aircraft wing, the vertex of the longitudinal sectional profile, with respect to the bow-side end point of the chord of the longitudinal sectional profile, being positioned in the front half of the entire length of the chord. According to the invention there is provided that the chord (1) of the unloaded boat hull (2) includes an angle () with the horizontal plane defined by the water level (3) of 1 DEG  to 3 DEG , preferably of 1.5 DEG  to 2.5 DEG , in particular of 1.8 DEG  to 2.2 DEG , so that the stern-side end point (4) of the profile is positioned at the lower end point of the stern or, respectively, of the transom (5) below the water level (3).
Patent HU-192715-B (HU)
Inventor: KOPETKA BELA
IPC: B66C1/16
Filed: 1985-05-20
Abstract: A találmány tárgya ellensúlyos emelőszerkezet, különösen szálanyagok, illetve rakodólapon levő rakományok daruval történő kötözésmentes emeléséhez, amely emelőszerkezetben alsó, előnyösen vízszintes villaszárak (1) és az alsó villaszárakhoz (1) mereven csatlakozó felső, előnyösen az alsó villaszárakra (1) merőleges, függőleges villaszárak (2) vannak, amely felső villaszárakhoz (2) csuklósán, összekötő rudak (6, 7) segítségével, a villaszárakhoz (1, 2) képest elmozgatható, felfüggeszthető ellensúly (8) csatlakozik, tű-  HU 192 715 B zi leírás terjedelme: 8 oldal (ezen belül 3 ábra) -1-
Patent HU-199311-B (HU)
Title: Chargeable low-pressure preparative chromatography column
Inventor: POPPE LASZLO
IPC: B01D15/08
Filed: 1986-06-06
Abstract: Die erfindungsgemässe nachfüllbare Niederdruckkolonne für präparative Chromatographie weist einen Ab­sorptionslösung enthaltenden rohrförmigen Kolonnen­körper /1/ auf, an dessen beiden Enden je ein Hals­abschnitt /2/ ausgebildet ist und in jedem Halsab­schnitt /2/ ein gegen axiale Bewegung befesitigter und einen Einströmkanal /3/ enthaltender Kern /4/ ange­ordnet ist, zwischen dem und der Wandung des Halsab­schnittes /2/ mindestens ein elastischer Dichtring /7/ axial unverschiebbar angeordnet ist, und dem mittels einem an Halsabschnitt /2/ des Kolonnenkörpers /1/ lösbar befestigten Element /9/ in seiner Lage fest­gehaltenen Kern /4/ ist ein Filter- und Verteiler­element /5/ unmittelbar, im Weg des Einströmkanals /3/ angeschlossen.
Patent HU-185949-B (HU)
Inventor: NAGY ALADAR
IPC: E21F13/00
Filed: 1981-08-29
Abstract: A talámány tárgya csavarkapcsolat főleg vékonyfalú rúdszerkezetek elemeinek egymáshoz rögzítésére vagy toldására, amelyben a kapcsolandó elemek azonos átmérőjű, átmenő körkeresztmetszetü nyílásokkal vannak ellátva, és az összekapcsolandó elemek összetartozó nyílásainak tengelyei egybeesnek. A talámány tárgya azzal jellemezhető, hogy az átmenő nyílásokban kiékelő betét van, a kiékelő betétkülső felületét hengerpalást, belső felületét csonkakúppalást alkotja. A kiékelő betét külső felületének átmérője kisebb az átmenő nyílások átmérőjénél, belső felületének nagyobb átmérőjű végénél a kiékelő betéten az átmenő nyílások sugaránál gyobb sugarú peremgyűrű vagy kihajtás van. A kiékelő betét teljes hosszában hasítékkal van ellátva, belső felületének nagyobb átmérőjű vége felől csavar van beleillesztve, a csavar szárán, annak a csavar feje felőli végén kiékelő közdarab van elhelyezve, ennek belső felülete illeszkedik a csavar szárára, külső felületének alkotói a kiékelő betét belső felületével affin kúppalástot alkotnak a kiékelő közdarab teljes hosszában hasítékkal van ellátval a csavar szárának a fejével ellentétes oldali vége közelében menet van, a menetre anya van felcsavarva, az anya alá pedig adott esetben mélyedéssel ellátott alátét van behelyezve.
Patent HU-212163-B (HU)
Inventor: SEIFERT ROBERT P
IPC: A01H5/10
Filed: 1991-08-01
Abstract: A találmány tárgya kétvonalas kukorica hibrid, amely két Pioneer-vonal egyszeres keresztezéséből származik. Levelei lehajlók. közepesen hosszúak és szélesek. Címervirágzásának és bibehányásának ideje korai. Címere kalászkapelyvájának antociános színeződése gyenge, a kalászkapelyva alapi részén a zárt antociángyűrű hiányzik. Szárközei, szárcsomói és levélhüvelye nem antociánosak. Levélhüvelyének széle gyengén sző- rözött. Címerágai félig felállók, számuk közepes és a száron magasan helyezkedik el, rajta a szemsorok száma is közepes. Szemtípusa lófogú, szemei sárga színűek. Csutkapelyvájának antociános színeződése közepes. Jellegzetessége, hogy portokja egyáltalán nem vagy csak nagyon gyengén, bibéje közepesen antociános és a növény magassága a címerrel együtt meghaladja a 240 cm-t. HU 212 163 B A leírás terjedelme: 4 oldal (ezen belül 7 lap ábra)
Patent HU-192073-B (HU)
Title: One-piece identification label made of flexible material
Inventor: REGGERS CHARLES G
IPC: A01K11/00
Filed: 1981-10-14
Abstract: A one piece identification tag which is formed from a flexible material. The tag comprises a panel 10 on which identification indicia can be applied. A neck portion 11 extends from the panel 10 and terminates in a head portion 12. The head portion 12 has a pair of flaps 14 which project backwardly therefrom toward the panel 10 with a flap 14 being situated either side of the neck portion 11.
Patent HU-185477-B (HU)
Inventor: HATVANY SANDOR
IPC: E04H3/16
Filed: 1981-11-20
Abstract: A találmány szerinti oldalfal elem konstrukció lehetővé teszi a hagyományosan készitett feszített víztükrű úszómedencék építése során jelentkező nehézségek kiküszöbölését. Alkalmazásával a medencék gyorsan és egyszerűen szerelhetők a helyszínen az előírt pontosság betartása mellett. A találmány szerint a borítólemeznek a medence belső falát alkotó része és a túlfolyócsatorna egyetlen darabból van kialakítva, a bukóéi profil pedig függőleges vezetőfelülettel ellátott külön elemként van a borítólemezekhez csatlakoztatva. Ez a konstrukció kizárja a túlfolyócsatornába jutó víz elszivárgásának veszélyét és lehetőséget ad az első vízfeltöltés után vagy esetleg az üzemeltetés későbbi szakaszában a bukóéi vízszintes helyzetének pontos beállítására, illetve korrigálására.  -1-
Patent HU-188110-B (HU)
Title: Process for producing new tripeptide-derivatives
Inventor: KITAURA YOSHIHIKO
IPC: A61K38/00
Filed: 1981-12-01
Abstract: A compound of the formula or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt:   <CHEM> and processes for their preparation and also a pharmaceutically composition comprising, as an effective ingredient, the above compound in association with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
Patent HU-183756-B (HU)
Inventor: KOSZTA IMRE
IPC: B65G47/12
Filed: 1981-12-21
Abstract: A találmány szilárd anyagú rendezetlen szálaknak kötegbői való kiemelésére szolgáló válogató berendezés. Jellegzetessége, hogy két fő részből, adagoló egységből és válogató egységből van összeállítva. A két fő rész keretként kialakított tartóváz útján egymással relatív szögelfordulásra alkalmas módon össze van erősítve. A válogató egység mellett a már kiválogatott egyes szálak fogadására alkalmas lerakó egység helyezkedik el. A két fő rész közös tengely és munkahenger útján alapkerettel van kapcsolatban. Az adagoló egység a köteget megtámasztó kereszttartókat, valamint beállítható hatásirányú vibrátorokat tartalmaz. A válogató egység pedig menetes orsókkal, valamint a kiválogatott egyes szálakat eltávolító szervekkel, pl. csúszdával vagy menesztő tárcsával van ellátva. 16/18 11  2. ábra -1-
Patent IT-1213636-B (IT)
Title: Automatic silo for automobiles
Inventor: BRAGAGLIA GIORGIO
IPC: E04H/
Filed: 1987-07-01
Granted: 1989-12-29
Abstract: The longer dimension of the compartments (14) is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the service corridor (Z). The elevator unit mounted on the trans elevator tower (44) is provided with telescopic structures which may be extended in cantilever fashion from either side of the trans elevator to introduce the vehicles into and withdraw them from any one of the selected compartments. This is achieved by translating the vehicles normally to their longitudinal axis and by supporting the vehicles by their wheels. The arrangement is such as to displace the vehicles longitudinally during the ensilage and de-ensilage steps.
Patent LV-10379-B (LV)
Title: Preparation for skin care after shaving
Inventor: ILJA GERCIKOVS
Filed: 1992-08-19
Abstract: This invention pertains to cosmetic skincare products. It consists of ethyl alcohol, glycerine, citric acid, fragrant agents and vegetable raw material extracts as well as menthol. The product produces a beneficial effect on the skin after shaving: eliminates causes of inflammation, promotes healing of small cuts, softens skin and renders astringent effect on skin.
Patent LV-11435-B (LV)
Title: Powder inhaler
Inventor: HOERLIN ERNST
IPC: A61M15/00
Filed: 1996-02-06
Abstract: The invention concerns an inhaler device (1) having a hollow tubular member (2, 102, 402) connected to a chamber (5, 105, 405). The tubular member has a first opening (3, 103, 203) at one end through which air can be sucked and the chamber (5, 105, 405) has a hole (4, 104, 204) therein for entry of air. When air is sucked through the first opening, air enters the chamber through the hole swirls and moves towards the first opening (3, 103, 203). To maintain or increase the swirling effect of the air a single restriction (10, 110) is arranged between the opening and the hole (4, 104, 204). A powdered substance (8) within the chamber is picked up by the swirling air within the chamber and is uniformly and finely divided by the swirling effect of the air. The effect can be enhanced by adding a movable element (6) such as a ball inside the chamber (5) and/or by providing a central core element (112, 412) inside the chamber. <IMAGE>
Patent LV-11867-B (LV)
Title: Method for producing of microcristallic cellulose
Inventor: JANIS BELICKIS
IPC: C08B1/00
Filed: 1997-05-08
Abstract: The purpose of this invention is to develop the method of obtaining microcrystal cellulose from non dry wood mechanical processing wastes (for example sawdust), by using a single-stage vapour cracking process without extra mechanical or chemical after-treatment. The essence of the invention: the deciduous or needle wood sawdust processed with 4% acetic acid is being handled in the reactor for 2-3 minutes with water vapour at 250 degrees C temperature with quick decompression following, discharging the mass from the reactor. All the products have to be used with purpose after mass extraction in watery lixivium solution, the acid component is used for the preprocessing of the next output sample, but the remaining extract's faction can be used as a valuable cohesive substance.
Patent NO-140634-B (NO)
Title: Fremgangsmaate til aa fremstille magnesiumbisulfitt-kokevaeske og apparat til utfoerelse av fremgangsmaaten
Inventor: HAKULIN BERTEL
IPC: D21C11/02
Filed: 1972-10-19
Abstract: Fremgangsmåte til å fremstille magnesiumbisulfitt-kokevæske og apparat til utførelse av fremgangsmåten .
Patent NO-134706-B (NO)
Inventor: KUGLER T
IPC: C23C4/08
Filed: 1972-11-14
Abstract: Karbonanode til bruk ved fremstilling av aluminium ved smelteelektrolyse.
Patent NO-161267-B (NO)
Inventor: CORWIN MICHAEL ALLEN
IPC: B29C48/92
Filed: 1981-12-03
Abstract: A non-volatile, acid acceptor which is soluble in polyolefins is added to a film grade polyolefin resin composition to prevent gel streaking/pinstriping or corrosion during film extrusion processes. The acid acceptor has a molecular weight greater than 180 with less than 5% by weight volatiles at 180 DEG C as measured by a thermal evolution analysis.
Patent NO-158213-B (NO)
Inventor: ASHBY ROBERT EARL
IPC: B65D27/10
Filed: 1982-07-12
Abstract: A continuous, filled envelope assembly includes continuous, envelope forming webs and laterally abbreviated insert webs. The insert webs are capable of accurate feeding with the envelope webs, and also adapted to be processed independently, and include a row of spaced feed holes of one web superimposed on a non-marginal row of spaced feed holes of an adjacent web.
Patent NO-167399-B (NO)
Inventor: VERWER ANDREAS NICOLAAS JACOBU
IPC: C08G63/52
Filed: 1983-10-07
Abstract: Powdery coating agent, suitable for application in the in-mould coating technique, comprising as the main component, besides a curing catalyst and if desired other additives, a crystalline unsaturated polyester with a melting point of at least 40 DEG  C., a degree of unsaturation of between 1 and 5 moles unsaturation per 1000 g polyester and a viscosity in the melt at 120 DEG  C. of at least 1 dPa.s.
Patent NO-161984-B (NO)
Title: Anordning ved snoe-, grave- eller planeringsredskap saa somsnoeplogblad og lignende.
Inventor: LINDSTROEM LENNART
IPC: E01H5/06
Filed: 1986-06-03
Abstract: Snaplogingsredskap eller lignende beregnet på ved arbeidå fares framover ved hjelp av et kjøretøy, det omfatter et plogblad (1) med en nedre arbeidskant (3), som er skråstillbart i kjøreretningen med en fremre, foranløpende endekant (6), ved denne endekant er anordnet et rundt en lagring svingbart ekstra blad (2) , som er lagret på en aksel (8) festet på plogbladet og som strekker seg i hovedsak vinkelrett på plogbladets- (1) hovedretning. Bladet utgjøres dels av en ytre i avstand fra akselen beliggende del med en ytre endekant (21), en nedre arbeidskant (20), som i nedfelt stilling av det ekstra bladet er beregnet på å befinne seg i en slik linje med plogbladets (1) arbeidskant (3), at det kan ligge an mot underlaget med dette, samt en øvre med arbeidskanten i hovedsak parallell kant (23), og dels en indre del (22), nærmest akselen med en arbeidskant, som utgjør en fortsettelse til den ytre delens arbeidskant (20), samt en øvre kant (24), som er innrettet slik at det dannes et triangulært område, når det ekstra bladet er nedfelt til en nedre arbeidsstilling, i hvilken dets arbeidskant utgjør en forlengelse av plogbladets arbeidskant (3) , strekker det seg i hovedsak parallelt med plogbladets hovedretning og det ekstra bladet befinner seg da med sin ytre del utenfor plogbladets endekant (6) mens den indre delen befinner seg foran plogbladet delvis overlappende det samme, en løfteanordning (16,. 18 ) er anordnet for å svinge det ekstra bladet mellom den nedre arbeidsstillingen og trinnløst opp mol den øvre.
Patent NO-167275-B (NO)
Inventor: PETIT PIERRE
IPC: C01B13/10
Filed: 1986-12-11
Abstract: Each ozonization loop (1) which includes a compressor (2), an ozonizer (3), and a heat exchanger (8) for cooling the oxygen-ozone mixture, is associated with three cylinders (4,5,6) filled with silica gel. Each cylinder operates in succession in a cocurrent adsorption, in countercurrent desorption by a substitution gas, and in scavenging by taking off a part of the flow circulating in the loop. The scavenging flow is recovered and combined with the substitution gas. The substitution gas may be in particular impure nitrogen supplied by an air distillation apparatus producing the necessary oxygen.
Patent NO-168863-B (NO)
Inventor: GREITHER OTTO
IPC: A23F3/40
Filed: 1987-06-12
Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of a mixture for a tea drink with fruit flavour, wherein a fruit concentrate is mixed with a powder of plant parts, the fruit concentrate is dried and the dried fruit concentrate is subsequently mixed with dried plant parts.
Patent NO-168481-B (NO)
Inventor: BULL JAMES R
IPC: A61K31/565
Filed: 1988-11-16
Abstract: 14,17 beta -ethano-14 beta -estratriene and estratetraene of Formula I   <IMAGE> (I)  wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl or an acyl group of a monocarboxyclic acid of 1-12 carbon atoms, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an acyl group of a monocarboxylic acid of 1-12 carbon atoms, R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and  <IMAGE> is a single or double C-C-bond show strong estrogenic activity.
Patent NO-178579-B (NO)
Inventor: VERHELST GABRIEL
IPC: C08G101/00
Filed: 1990-04-04
Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid isocyanate-containing prepolymer composition having an average isocyanate functionality greater than 2 and an NCO content of from 2 to 15 % by weight, as obtainable by reacting an isocyanate reactive polymer having an average nominal functionality of from 2 to 6 with a stoichiometric excess of a diphenylmethane diisocyanate composition containing at least 2 % by weight of 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and having an average isocyanate functionality in the range from 2 to 2.3. The invention also relates to a method for preparing a polyurethane foam, which comprises reacting such a prepolymer composition with water.
Patent NO-179169-B (NO)
Title: Fremgangsmåte for utvinning av naturgass i form av en normalt flytende karbonholdig forbindelse
Inventor: DIJK CHRISTIAAN P VAN
IPC: C07C41/01
Filed: 1992-10-09
Abstract: Denne oppfinnelse omfatter en fremgangsmåte for omdannelse av naturgass til en normalt flytende karbonholdig forbindelse, så som metanol og/eller dimetyleter og/eller flytende hydrokarboner av bensinkvalitet og/eller olefiner. Fremgangsmåten ifølge denne oppfinnelse eliminerer nødvendigheten av dampreformering og/eller adiabatisk reformering av naturgassen til en syntesegass med i hovedsak rent oksygen. I henhold til fremgangsmåten ifølge denne oppfinnelse kan en syntesegass fremstilles ved et driftstrykk som er egnet for omdannelse av gassen til metanol og/eller dimétyleter uten at det er nød-vendig å rekomprimere syntesegassen. Videre har ventilasjonsgassen eller utluftingsgassen fra overheadene etter omdannelse til det rå produkt metanol/DME og/eller omdannelsen til flytende hydrokarboner av bensinkvalitet, generelt en BTU-kapasitet som er nødvendig for nyttiggjørelse som brenngass for forsyning med den energi som er nødvendig for drift av det nødvendige gasskomprimeringsutstyr ved hjelp av hvilket fremgangsmåten ifølge denne oppfinnelse kan gjennomføres. I henhold til dette reduseres kapital- og driftskostnadene i forbindelse med fremstillingen av metanol, DME og bensin fra naturgass i betraktelig grad ved hjelp av fremgangsmåten ifølge denne oppfinnelse og gjør behandling av utvunnet naturgass på avsidesliggende steder øknomisk gjennomførlig.