baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-567575-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of hydroxy carboxylic acids
IPC: C07C59/06
Filed: 1943-03-24
Abstract: A process for the production of mixtures consisting of hydroxyacetic acid and a high proportion of polyhydroxyacetic acid comprises evaporating within a period of two minutes and, preferably, in less than 0.6 min., substantially the whole of the water from an aqueous solution of hydroxyacetic acid, the said aqueous solution containing less than 40 per cent by weight of water.  The aqueous acid solution may be obtained by the hydrolysis of a water-miscible alkyl ester of hydroxyacetic acid, for example, the methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl esters, in the absence of added hydrolysis catalyst other than hydroxyacetic acid and removing the alcohol produced thereby before the rapid evaporation step.  Evaporation of the water from the aqueous acid solution takes place preferably at temperatures between 78-110 DEG  C. and in the presence of a stream of dry inert gas such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen.  The evaporation process may be carried out by "flash" evaporation and a suitable process is described which is identical as regards apparatus and conditions, with the process described in Specification 567,237.  The molten dehydrated acid thus obtained may be cooled rapidly; when the polyacid content is less than 10 per cent it should be cooled in less than 45 seconds, preferably in less than 30 seconds, yielding micro-flake crystals. If desired, the molten or the solid product may be further dehydrated by heating and the application of reduced pressure to remove combined water and so give a product which may contain up to 131 per cent hydroxyacetic acid.
Patent GB-408085-A (GB)
Title: Process of hardening gelatin
IPC: G03C1/30
Filed: 1933-02-16
Abstract: Gelatin is hardened with the use of a derivative of a dialdehyde in which each aldehyde group is transformed into a group of the formula <FORM:0408085/IV/1> where X = hydrogen or the acid radical of any organic or inorganic acid, and Y = the acid radical of any organic or inorganic acid. The gelatin must not have a higher acidity than pH = 4, and when employed as photographic material, hardens in two stages, the second occurring during development of the exposed product.  The hardening agent is added in aqueous solution, in the proportion of about .2--5 gms. per 100 gms. gelatin.  According to examples glyoxal-sodium bisulphite and tetracetate are employed in gelatino-silver-halide emulsions, in which the gelatine has pH = 6 and 7 respectively.ALSO:Gelatin for photographically-sensitive layers is hardened with the use of a derivative of a dialdehyde in which the aldehyde groups have been transformed into groups of the formula <FORM:0408085/V/1> - in which X represents hydrogen or the acid radical of any organic or inorganic acid, and Y = the acid radical of any organic or inorganic acid.  According to examples, gelatin-silver halide emulsions of pH = 6 and 7 are mixed with aqueous solutions of glyoxal-sodium bisulphide and glyoxal tetracetate respectively and cast on to supports.  The gelatine must not have a higher acidity than pH = 4, and when it is employed as photographic material hardens in two stages, the second occurring during development of the exposed film or plate.
Patent GB-956011-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pneumatic vehicle wheel tyres
IPC: B60C11/02
Filed: 1961-02-09
Abstract: 956,011. Replaceable tread tyres. PIRELLI S.p.A. Feb. 9, 1961 [Feb. 10, 1960], No. 4850/61. Heading B7C. A replaceable tread tyre comprises a casing formed with a substantially cylindrical seat 2 on its outer periphery bounded by circumferential ribs 3, and a plurality of separate tread rings 4, 5, each interiorly reinforced as at 6 by one or more layers of circumferentially or helically extending parallel inextensible cords or convolutions of cord, maintained in axially spaced relationship in the seat by spacing elements 8 which are separate from the tyre. The spacing elements 8 may be of trapezoidal, square or rectangular cross-section with or without interior reinforcement, and may be separate from or integral with the tread rings. Fig. 2 shows a central tread ring 4 spaced by elements 8 from lateral tread rings which are each in two parts 5<SP>1</SP>, 511 separated by a spacing element 10. The outermost ring parts 511 have reinforcements 7<SP>11</SP> of smaller diameter than that 7<SP>1</SP> of the ring parts 5<SP>1</SP>, and the reinforcements 7<SP>1</SP> may have the same, or a smaller, diameter than the reinforcement 6 of ring 4. The lateral portions 2<SP>1</SP> of the casing seat 2 may be conically flared axially outwardly at an angle of 2 degrees to 10 degrees to the tyre axis. In a further embodiment the tread rings may have axial projections on their adjacent sides to abut each other in overlying relationship to the separate spacing elements 8. Fig. 4 shows a further arrangement wherein the laterally outermost tread rings 5 have a conical layer of reinforcements 7, and wherein intermediate tread rings 13 have an inner peripheral axial extension 14 on each side thereof to space the rings 13 from the central ring 4 and lateral rings 5. In this case, the reinforcement of the rings 13 is extended into the extensions 14. In an alternative arrangement, extensions 14 may be incorporated on all adjacent faces of the rings 4, 5 and 13. Specifications 755,990, 787,705, 864,909, 874,292, 879,926 and 910,539 are referred to.
Patent GB-1242956-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of benzotriazoles
Inventor: RANDELL DONALD RICHARD
IPC: C07D249/18
Filed: 1969-01-29
Abstract: 1,242,956. Benzotriazoles. GEIGY (U.K.) Ltd. 28 Jan., 1970 [29 Jan., 1969], No. 4907/69. Heading C2C. Benzotriazoles are produced by contacting an N-hydroxybenzotriazole with molecular hydrogen in the presence of a platinum, palladium or nickel hydrogenation catalyst. The reaction may be effected in a sealed container at 25- 200‹ C. and at 1-250 atmospheres; the catalyst may be supported on a conventional carrier and may contain metal in an amount of 10- 75% by weight based on the total weight of supported catalyst; and the amount of catalyst used may be 0À1-5% by weight based on the weight of the N-hydroxy benzotriazole. Starting materials exemplified are the 5-methyl, 6- methyl, 5-methoxy, 6-methoxy, 5-carboxylic acid and 5-carboethoxy 1-hydroxy benzotriazoles.
Patent GB-806611-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to steam turbine power plant
Inventor: LONDON JOSEPH CLARE
IPC: F01D13/00
Filed: 1956-02-17
Abstract: 806,611. Steam turbines. METROPOLITANVICKERS ELECTRICAL CO. Ltd. Feb. 7, 1957 [Feb. 17, 1956], No. 5024/56. Class 110 (3). A steam turbine power plant comprises four turbines each comprising two pressure sections coupled in tandem pairs on two shafts each of which drive a generator. The turbine I on the shaft X contains a high-pressure section 4 and a secondary intermediate pressure section 13, and the turbine II two low-pressure sections 15. The turbine III on the shaft 7 contains primary and secondary intermediate pressure sections 10, 16 and the turbine IV two low-pressure sections 18. Steam is supplied to the section 4 from a boiler B through a superheater 1 and controlled by the emergency and governor valves 2, 3. After expansion in the section 4, the steam is reheated in the heater 7 and passed through intercept emergency and governor valves 8, 9 to the primary intermediate pressure section 10 of the turbine III. After expansion in the section 10, the steam is divided. Half the quantity passes through a cross-over 11 and an energency valve 12 to the secondary intermediate pressure section 13 of the turbine I which discharges through the sections 15 of the double-flow low-pressure turbine II. The remaining half of the steam from section 10 expands through the secondary intermediate pressure section 16 of turbine III which discharges through the section 18 of the doubleflow low-pressure turbine IV. The pressure in the cross-over 11 can be adjusted to vary the distribution of the load between the two shafts. Additional turbines may be coupled to one or both shafts. These additional turbines may be located intermediate the machines I and II and III and IV.
Patent GB-1094013-A (GB)
Title: Freeze drying method and apparatus
Inventor: ILLICH GEORGE MICHAEL
IPC: F26B5/06
Filed: 1966-02-04
Abstract: 1,094,013. Freeze drying. ABBOTT LABORATORIES. Feb. 4, 1966, No. 5051/66. Heading F4G. [Also in Division G1] In apparatus for freeze drying material 12 in an evacuable chamber 10, heat is supplied to the frozen material as through a circulating fluid heating system 14 and two dissimilar electrical vacuum pressure measuring devices are mounted within the chamber, viz. a thermocouple type vacuum pressure gauge 23 and an ionization type vacuum pressure gauge 24, to determine accurately the end point of the high vacuum drying operation when further heat and/or pressure may be desired. The gauges are calibrated for a vacuum atmosphere of air and the gauges 23 can be utilized to control a heater 19 through a control and transmitting device 20 and a similar device 25 in conjunction with the gauge 24 actuates a pressure valve 26 to control automatically the operation of the apparatus. A condenser 28 is mounted within the chamber.
Patent GB-1203905-A (GB)
Title: Toy with variable torque-producing means
IPC: A63H31/08
Filed: 1969-01-30
Abstract: 1,203,905. Toy transmission means. MATTEL, Inc. 30 Jan., 1969 [22 Aug., 1968], No. 5162/69. Heading A6S. [Also in Division F2] A toy comprises a motor, a plurality of transmission means engagable to couple the motor to a rotatable output shaft at a plurality of speeds relative to the speed of the motor, and means responsive to the load on the output shaft for selectively engaging the plurality of transmission means. The toy has a power transmission that shifts in response to the load or output torque to prevent stalling and yet maintains a high speed under light loading conditions. With reference to Figure 5, a shaft 102 has four gears 104, 106, 108 and 110 for driving the output shaft 112 at any of four speeds, and is also connected by subsidiary gearing to a motor, (not shown). At low loads the output gear 118 is engaged with the fast gear 110 to propel the vehicle at a high speed. However, as the load increases the torque produces an axial force, by reason of engagement of the inclined surface 114I on the coupling element 116, which overcomes the preload force of the spring 120. Depending upon the size of the torque, one of the intermediate gears 122, 126 or 130 engages with a gear 104, 106 or 108 respectively to drive the output gear 118 via clutches 132 and/or 128 and/or 124. In an alternative embodiment only one intermediate gear may be provided. The transmission is useful in a variety of motion toys which may be subjected to large variations in load, such as train locomotives, tracked vehicles and cranes.
Patent GB-780488-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spectacle frames
Inventor: INCE DAVID CECIL
IPC: G02C5/22
Filed: 1954-02-22
Abstract: 780,488. Hinges. OPTICRAFTS, Ltd. Feb. 22, 1955 [Feb. 22, 1954], No. 5190/54. Class 65(2) [Also in Group XX] The side arm hinges of a spectacle frame are each attached to the lens frame by a hollow rivet expanded from the front of the frame, and have means for preventing rotation of the hinges relative to the frame. In the form shown the rivet 16 is secured to the frame 1, and a screw 14 which projects through the rivet from the hinge plate 4 is engaged by an internally screw - threaded sleeve 17 provided with a decorated head 12. a pin 8 preventing rotation of plate 4 about the rivet. In modifications the hollow rivet is either riveted to or is soldered or welded to plate 4, and is internally threaded to receive a screw provided with a decorated head.
Patent GB-557869-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sound film reproducing apparatus
IPC: G11B7/00
Filed: 1941-04-22
Abstract: 557,869. Optical sound reproducing apparatus. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. April 22, 1941, No. 5192. Convention date April 22, 1940. [Class 40 (ii)] An apparatus for reproducing sound from a class B push-pull sound film, Fig. 3, by means of a single photo-sensitive device comprises a slit 9 so inclined, namely at about 30 degrees that it scans the opposite phases of the two traces alternately. The slit plate 8, Fig. 1, may be rotatably adjustable, for example by means of a knob 21 geared by a pinion 20 to the slit plate 8. This enables the slit to be set transversely for scanning normal single track films or class-A push-pull sound films.
Patent GB-114666-A (GB)
Title: Method of and Means for Supplying Fuel to Combustion Engines Employing Dust, Liquid or Gaseous Fuels.
Inventor: WILKENS FREDRIK WILHELMSSON
IPC: F02M69/08
Filed: 1917-04-12
Abstract: 114,666. Wilkens, F. W. April 12, 1917. Cinders, arrangement of ports in.-The apparatus which is designed for supplying liquid fuel may also be used with gaseous or solid fuel. Liquid fuel is supplied by a calibrated chamber 17 in a plunger 15 to a port in the wall of a conical passage 15 into which it is expelled by a current of air supplied by a pump 2 along the passage 14. The fuel meets in the passage 15<a> a larger current of air from the pump 2. The escape of the air from the pump is controlled by a valve 11 actuated by the plunger 5 through a lever 8. Fig. 4 is drawn on a larger scale than Fig. 2.
Patent GB-497986-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lift valves
IPC: F16K15/14
Filed: 1938-02-19
Abstract: 497,986. Valves. MERCIER, P. E. Feb. 19, 1938, No. 5323. [Class 135] In a lift-valve device comprising a sleeve 14, 15 which slides along a cylinder 19 and one edge of which is applied to a seat element 22 which is elastic or is rigid but elastically supported, a fluid-tight connection between the sleeve and the cylinder is formed by a stack of elastic elements 20 compressed between the sleeve and a flange on the cylinder 19. Washers 21 to ensure cooling are interposed between the elements 20. The sleeve comprises screwed interengaging elements 14, 15 which clamp a thin metal plate 16 bearing permanently on a fixed part 17. The elastic seat element 22 is clamped to a fixed element 18 by a screwed ring 24. The sleeve may be arranged to engage the ring 24 after it has seated on the element 22. A number of rods are connected to the sleeve at the level of the aperture 23 and these are actuated by cams, levers, or other mechanically operated parts which may be associated with a piston working in the cylinder 19.
Patent GB-655780-A (GB)
Title: Starting system for gas turbine engines
IPC: F02C7/26
Filed: 1948-02-23
Abstract: 655,780. Ignition systems. BENDIX AVIATION CORPORATION. Feb. 23, 1948, No. 5343. Convention date, Feb. 24, 1947. [Class 7(iv)] [Also in Groups XVIII, XXVI and XXIX] The ignition circuit for a gas turbine plant (see Group XXVI) comprises a pair of parallel-connected sparking plugs 58, 59, ignition coils and interrupters 60, 61, a spring-loaded switch 65 operated by fuel pressure, a spring-loaded main control switch 72 and a battery 75. The switch 72 is actuated by the main fuel control lever 31 whilst switch 65 constitutes part of a thermal control circuit embodying a pair of thermally-operated switches 78, 79 and a solenoid coil 85 adapted to control a port 54 in the starting fuel supply line; upon the temperature in the starting combustion-chambers 80, 81 attaining a value of say 500‹F, the thermal switches operate and de-energize the ignition circuit and coil 85. The ignition circuit may comprise a single sparking plug only.
Patent GB-1449315-A (GB)
Title: Block copolymer of polyamide and polyether and its preparation  and use
IPC: B32B27/06
Filed: 1974-02-06
Abstract: 1449315 Coated block copolymer film TOYO BOSEKI KK 6 Feb 1974 [6 Feb 1973 22 Feb 1973] 05473/74 Heading B2E [Also in Divisions B5 and C3] A film of a polyamide-polyether block copolymer is optionally coated with an anchor coating agent and dried, and is then coated with a melt-extruded polymer. In Ex. 10 the coating polymer is polyethylene, and after coating the film is heat-bonded for 1 sec. at 180‹C and 2 kg/cm<SP>2</SP>. The block copolymer consists of 99.8-90% wt of at least one polyamide (P) and 0.2-10% wt of segments of at least one polyether (Q), the two polymers being bonded to each other, and the (Q) segments being agglomerated to form islands of max size #10Ám, without complete separation from the polyamide (P), the block copolymer having scattering index N#1, (Q) having M.W. 2000- 20000 and having an amino or carboxyl group in at least one terminal position, and (P) being derived from a diamine component (A) comprising from 100-50% moles m-, or m- and p-, xylylenediamine, and (B) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component containing 100- 50% moles of at least one C 6-12  dicarboxylic acid. N is defined as (E 400 -E 800 )/D, and E 800  are the extinctions at 400 and 800 nm resnectively of a melt-extruded amorphous film and D is the film thickness in mm. Polyether (Q) is X-(OY) n -OX' where X and X' are each H, a C 1-20  hydrocarbon group, or Z a C 1-16  group bearing amino, carboxyl, and/or esterified carboxyl, at least one of X and X' being Z; Y is C# 6  alkylene or cycloalkylene, and n is such that the M.W. of (Q) is 2000- 20000. Diamine component (A) may also comprise hexamethylene-, trimethylhexamethylene- or dodecamethylene-diamine, or N(aminoethyl)- piperazine, N, N'-bis(aminopropyl)piperazine, 1, 3-bisaminocyclohexane, bis-p-aminocyclohexylmethane or p-bis-(2-aminoethyl)benzene. Dicarboxylic acid component (B) may also comprise tere- or iso-phthalic, 2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic, or 1, 1, 3-trimethyl-3-p'-carboxyphenylindane-5 carboxylic acid. Also present may be e-aminocaproic 7-aminoheptanoic 12- aminododecanoic, or p-aminocyclohexylcarboxylic acid or lactam thereof. The block copolymer film can be uniaxially or biaxially drawn to give an oriented or shrunk film.
Patent GB-696018-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in union nut assembly
IPC: F16B39/22
Filed: 1952-03-03
Abstract: 696,018. Nuts. AEROQUIP CORPORATION. March 3, 1952 [Dec. 7, 1951], No. 5541/52. Class 89 (i) [Also in Group XXVIII] Relates to union nuts of the type described in Specification 656,483, and consists in means for limiting the relative movement of the nut proper and the surrounding sleeve that does not cause jamming and consequent locking of the sleeve on the nut. The nut 10, that has a ring of teeth 18 for the purpose described in the prior Specification, is connected to the sleeve 12 by a quick pitch thread 14 of opposite hand to that of the nut thread 16. On the side remote from the teeth 18, the nut has the flange 20, shown as 26 in Specification 656,483, and the sleeve has a flange 22. To prevent these flanges from contacting and jamming, a key 26 in an axial groove in the nut engages an arcuate slot 28 in the sleeve to limit the relative motion. The key 26 is retained in position by the flange 22, that is spun over after assembly.
Patent GB-1161374-A (GB)
Title: An Adjustable Specimen device for an Electron Microscope
IPC: H01J37/20
Filed: 1968-02-02
Abstract: 1,161,374. Electron microscopes. NIHON DENSHI K.K. 2 Feb., 1968 [3 Feb., 1967; 1 June, 1967], No. 5547/68. Heading H1D. An electron microscope comprises a specimen stage 1 slidable transverse to the beam axis and provided with a central opening in which a specimen holder 7 is arranged, and the stage is adjustable in position by means of two levers. In Fig. 1, one lever 5 is bifurcated and pivoted at 22 and 23, and the other lever 6 is pivoted at 26, and the two levers extend outside the microscope through respective bellows and are adjustable by micrometer screws 27 and 30. The levers bear on the specimen stage through balls held in grooves in the stage, which is biased towards the levers by a spring 34, and the stage is slidably mounted on the upper yoke 4 of the objective lens by means of balls (not shown). In a modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), one or both of the levers extends parallel to the axis and is adjustable by a screw extending through the wall of the microscope. In another modification, Figs. 5 and 6 (not shown), the two levers bear on diametrically opposed surfaces, and the specimen stage is constrained by a ball situated between parallel grooves in the stage and in its supporting surface. In further arrangements, Figs. 4 and 8 (not shown), the two levers are pivoted axially and act on diametrically opposed surfaces on the specimen stage which is constrained either by a fixed bearing surface (Fig. 4) or by a ball situated between parallel grooves in the stage and in its supporting surface (Fig. 8).
Patent GB-766217-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to motor vehicles
IPC: B62D47/00
Filed: 1955-02-24
Abstract: 766,217. Motor vehicles. CZETTEL, R. Feb. 24, 1955 [March 4, 1954], No. 5599/55. Classes 79(3) and 79(5). [Also in Group XXXII] The steering column 16 of a collapsible vehicle is pivoted at 18 to the vehicle body and is connected by links 29, 30 to the windscreen 31 for simultaneous motion therewith during collapsing. The steering pinion 22 is rotatably mounted in a sleeve 24 and receives its motion from the steering wheel 15 via universal joints 19, 20 and also engages a rack on the track rod 12 to rotate the wheel assemblies about their vertical axes 11. The rear engine 42 drives half shafts 41 on which are mounted chain sprockets to drive the rear wheels. The vehicle is arranged to be tilted over on to one side for parking, &c., and the petrol tank 46 is provided with a filler 48 arranged to prevent spillage. The battery 49 is suspended from a longitudinally arranged pin to enable it to remain upright when the vehicle is tilted.
Patent GB-435841-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to cans
IPC: B65D43/02
Filed: 1934-02-28
Abstract: 435,841. Lever-lid cans. BENNETT, H. J., 6, Melgund Road, Highbury, London. Feb. 28, 1934, Nos. 5615/35 and 5616/35, (divided out of 435,802), and 35945 /34. [Classes 66 and 125 (iii)] A closure for a can comprises in combination a seamed-on mouth ring 1, the lower end of the substantially cylindrical fitting portion of which has an outward bead, curl or flare 3 and a stepped cap or lid 5 which fits in the fitting portion of the mouth ring below the step. The mouth ring may be formed with a step 2 and the lid 5 provided with a beaded rim 7 and seated on sealing material 8 on the step 2. The mouth ring may be flared outwardly at 10, Fig. 2, and liquid or plastic sealing material 11 used as sealing means. In a further modification the lower end of the mouth ring contacts with an inward bead 12 on the wall of the can while two channels 13 are provided for packing material. Specifications 257,998, [Class 66], 435,802, and 435,847 are referred to.