baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent HK-1074877-A1 (HK)
Title: Audio decoding apparatus and method
Inventor: TANAKA NAOYA
IPC: G10L19/093
Filed: 2005-10-10
Abstract: An audio decoding apparatus decodes high frequency component signals using a band expander that generates multiple high frequency subband signals from low frequency subband signals divided into multiple subbands and transmitted high frequency encoded information. The apparatus is provided with an aliasing detector and an aliasing remover. The aliasing detector detects the degree of occurrence of aliasing components in the multiple high frequency subband signals generated by the band expander. The aliasing remover suppresses aliasing components in the high frequency subband signals by adjusting the gain used to generate the high frequency subband signals. Thus occurrence of aliasing can be suppressed and the resulting degradation in sound quality can be reduced, even when real-valued subband signals are used in order to reduce the number of operations.
Patent HK-1081354-A1 (HK)
Title: Method to check communication link reliability
Inventor: MALLADI DURGA P
IPC: H04B7/26
Filed: 2006-01-27
Abstract: Techniques to mitigate the effects of link imbalance for the uplink between a terminal (or UE) and multiple base stations (or Node Bs). In one aspect, the serving base station (i.e., the one designated to transmit packet data to the terminal) monitors the uplink received SNR for each terminal designated to receive packet data transmission. The serving base station then determines, based on the uplink received SNR and an SNR threshold, whether or not link imbalance potentially exists for each such terminal. In another aspect, if it is determined that link imbalance potentially exists, then a 3-way handshake is performed to check the reliability of a feedback mechanism used for packet data transmission. Appropriate responsive actions may then be performed based on the result of the check.
Patent HK-1134519-A1 (HK)
Title: Method for manufacturing a recombinant polyclonal protein
Inventor: NIELSEN LARS SOEGAARD
IPC: C07K/
Filed: 2010-03-09
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a recombinant polyclonal protein composition, in particular a recombinant polyclonal antibody composition. The method comprises obtaining a collection of cells transfected with a collection of variant nucleic acid sequences, wherein each cell in the collection is transfected with and capable of expressing one member of the collection, which encodes a distinct member of a polyclonal protein. The cells are cultured under suitable conditions for expression of the polyclonal protein, which is obtained from the cells or culture supernatant. The nucleic acid sequence is introduced into the cells by transfection with a collection of vectors. The present method is suitable for manufacturing recombinant polyclonal antibodies for therapeutic uses.
Patent HK-1140802-A1 (HK)
Title: Sliding door device
Inventor: IWAUCHI KENJI
IPC: E05D/
Filed: 2010-07-29
Abstract: Provided is a sliding door device capable of guiding opening and closing motions of a sliding door and preventing a lower part of the sliding door from shaking even when the sliding door is closed.  The sliding door device according to the present invention has a first pin body 16 provided at a floor surface; a guide member 11 provided at the sliding door 3 and having a guide groove 13a in which the first pin body 16 fits when the sliding door 3 is in the closed position; and a second pin body 17 that is provided on the floor surface and can be fit in a sliding door groove 3a formed at a bottom part of the sliding door 3. When the sliding door 3 in the closed position is slid in an opening direction and toward the back side of the wall surface, the guide member 11 moves relatively along the first pin body 16 while the first pin body 16 is fit in the guide groove 13a of the guide member 11. When the sliding door 3 is further slid in the opening direction, the second pin body 17 gets in the sliding door groove 3a of the sliding door 3, and the sliding door 3 slides along the second pin body 17 while the second pin body 17 is fit in the sliding groove 3a of the sliding door 3.
Patent HK-1142619-A1 (HK)
Title: Grafted autoxidisable polyester resin
Inventor: HENDRIKS JOHANNES WILHELMUS MARIA
IPC: C08G/
Filed: 2010-09-22
Abstract: A method for preparing a grafted autoxidisable polyester resin wherein the resin is obtained by steps comprising: a) grafting of at least a diacid or its anhydride onto a first agent by a Diels-Alder and/or Ene reaction; and b) reacting the product of step a) with a second agent. The first agent comprises at least one first functionality selected from a group consisting of a first set of conjugated double bonds or a first allylic hydrogen and comprises at least one further functionality selected from the group consisting of a set of conjugated double bonds, allylic hydrogen, non conjugated double bond, OH group, COOH group and amino group. The second agent is selected from the group consisting of alcohol with a number average hydroxy functionality > 2.0, dialkanolamine or mixtures thereof. The grafted autoxidisable polyester resin has an oil length = 80, a number average molecular weight Mn = 1000 g/mol and a PDI = 3. The grafted autoxidisable polyester resin is for example highly advantageous in high solid coating formulations and provides very low viscosities in combination with low drying times and relatively high average molecular weight.
Patent HK-1153492-A1 (HK)
Title: Polypeptide libraries with a predetermined scaffold
Inventor: LARS ABRAHMSEN L
IPC: G01N/
Filed: 2011-07-25
Abstract: Populations of polypeptide variants based on a common scaffold, each polypeptide in the population comprising the scaffold amino acid sequence E XXX A XX EI X X LPNLT X XQ X X AFI X KL X DD PSQSSELLSE AKKLNDSQ or AKYAKE XXX A XX  EI XX LPNLT X  XQ XX AFI X KL  X DDPSQSSEL LSEAKKLNDS Q, wherein each X individually corresponds to an amino acid residue which is varied in the population are disclosed. Also populations of polynucleotides, wherein each member encodes a member of a polypeptide population are disclosed. Furthermore, combinations of such polypeptide populations and such polynucleotide populations are disclosed, wherein each member of polypeptide population is physically or spatially associated with the polynucleotide encoding that member via means for genotype-phenotype coupling.  Furthermore, methods for selecting a desired polypeptide having an affinity for a predetermined target from a population of polypeptides, isolation of a polynucleotide encoding a desired polypeptide having an affinity for a predetermined target, identifying a desired polypeptide having an affinity for a predetermined target, selecting and identifying a desired polypeptide having affinity for a predetermined target, and production of a desired polypeptide having an affinity for a predetermined target are disclosed.
Patent HK-1175457-A1 (HK)
Title: Anti-leishmania compound and anti-leishmania drug
Inventor: KIMURA JUNJI
IPC: A61K/
Filed: 2013-03-06
Abstract: Provided is an anti-leishmanial compound represented by formula (3):
Patent HK-1000258-A1 (HK)
Title: Air humidification apparatus
Inventor: PER WOLFF
IPC: F24F6/02
Filed: 1997-09-23
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/DK90/00321 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 19, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 19, 1992 PCT Filed Dec. 7, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO91/09256 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 27, 1991.A movable device for improving the indoor air-environment comprising a water pump, a substantially vertical sheet element (10, 11, 12) which is so arranged that a free falling curtain-like stream of water (17) is formed at the upper end of the sheet element proximate to the sheet element (10, 11, 12) and a tank (9) for collecting and recirculating the water to the water pump. A satisfactory air humidification and an effective removal of impurities in the air are obtained.
Patent HK-1005246-A1 (HK)
Title: Ink for ink jet printing and method of printing using the same.
Inventor: HAYASHI HISATO
IPC: B41J2/015
Filed: 1998-05-21
Abstract: Ink of the present invention is used in an on-demand ink-jet printing system wherein droplets of ink are discharged through a nozzle by heating, and comprises (i) a colorant, (ii) a chelating agent which links with a metal ion to form a water-soluble complex and (iii) water or a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent, wherein the chelating agent is contained in the amount enough to convert the metal ion in ink into the complex and the pH is from 6 to 10, thereby making it possible to prevent that an insoluble matter derived from the metal ion is adhered on a heating head to cause clogging of the orifice and printing failures.
Patent HK-1010448-A1 (HK)
Title: Facilitated oxygen delivery in conjunction with hemodilution
Inventor: ROTH DUANE J
IPC: A61K31/02
Filed: 1998-10-15
Abstract: A method for facilitating autologous blood use by a patient facing a loss of blood, comprising the steps of removing and preferably storing a portion of the patient's blood, intravenously administering a biocompatible liquid in sufficient quantity to substantially maintain the patient's hemodynamic stability, wherein the liquid comprises an effective oxygen-delivery enhancing amount of a biocompatible synthetic oxygen carrier, after which the patient undergoes a loss of blood, and then readministering blood to the patient, preferably the stored blood. In one embodiment, the biocompatible liquid further comprises a hemodiluent and the hemodiluent is administered separately from the oxygen carrier.
Patent HK-1019914-A1 (HK)
Title: An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine
Inventor: HOEG HARRO ANDREAS
IPC: F01L3/02
Filed: 1999-10-27
Abstract: An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine including a movable spindle with a valve disc of a nickel-based alloy which also constitutes an annular seat area at the upper surface of the valve disc. The seat area abuts a corresponding seat area on a stationary valve member in the closed position of the valve. At manufacturing, the seat area of the valve disc is subjected to a thermo-mechanical deformation process at a temperature lower than or around the recrystallization temperature of the alloy. The seat area on the upper surface of the valve disc has been given dent mark preventing properties in the form of a yield strength of at least 1000 MPa at a temperature of approximately 20° C. by means of the thermo-mechanical deformation process and possibly a yield strength increasing heat treatment.
Patent IE-20060442-A1 (IE)
Title: A roof panel
Inventor: FLYNN GREGORY
IPC: E04D3/35
Filed: 2006-06-13
Abstract: A roof panel for a flat or low pitch roof comprises an inner metal sheet liner or decking 2, an outer liner scrim 3 and a body 4 of insulation therebetween. The scrim 3 for receiving a waterproof membrane may be a glass fibre scrim bonded to cellulose/polyester tissue or a bitumen-impregnated scrim. <Figure 2>
Patent IE-20070103-A1 (IE)
Title: A double wall beverage container
Inventor: FOX TERENCE
IPC: B65D81/38
Filed: 2007-02-16
Abstract: A double wall container for a hot beverage comprises an inner cup having a base 12, a sidewall 14 and an open top 16.  An outer sleeve 22 surrounds the sidewall.  The sleeve has upper and lower circumferential regions 26, 36 continuously sealed around upper and lower circumferential regions 18, 32 respectively of the sidewall.  The lower circumferential region 32 of the sidewall stands proud of the main body of the sidewall so that between its upper and lower circumferential regions the sleeve 22 is spaced from the sidewall with the air sealed in the gap 30 between the two.  <Figure 6>
Patent IT-BO940568-A1 (IT)
Title: Macchina per locomazione su una superficie
Inventor: ZAMAGNI GIANCARLO
IPC: B62D57/032
Filed: 1994-12-22
Abstract: Macchina per locomozione artropode su superficie (2) comprendente una struttura (1) portante sostenuta da sei arti (A1, B2, B3, A4, A5, B6) sferoidalmente interfulcrati su pattini (8), montati su guide (12) di scorrimento longitudinale della struttura (1), aventi una estremità (4) libera per interazione con la superficie (2) ed una estremità (5) opposta montata sulla macchina (70) rototraslabilmente rispetto ad assi (13) verticali. La macchina comprende mezzi di motorizzazione (55) delle estremità (5) vincolate, e mezzi di motorizzazione (62) dei pattini (8) delle guide (12), interfacciati con mezzi di comando (60) in modo da interoperare per far sollevare e ruotare in avanti tre arti (A1, A4, A5) alternativamente disposti sui due lati della macchina, mentre i restanti tre arti (B2, B3, B6), sostenendo la macchina (70) sulla superficie (2), vengono corrispondentemente ruotati indietro, e viceversa.[Fig. 2].
Patent IT-BO950500-A1 (IT)
Title: Metodo per l'incarto in continuo di prodotti.
Inventor: SPATAFORA MARIO
IPC: B65B11/32
Filed: 1995-10-20
Abstract: Metodo per l'incarto in continuo di prodotti (3), secondo il quale dei fogli (5) di incarto, durante il loro avanzamento continuo, unitamente a relativi prodotti (3) da incartare, lungo un primo percorso (P3), una cui tangente (T) istantanea si estende in una prima direzione (73) eventualmente variabile da punto a punto del primo percorso (P3) stesso, vengono impegnati da rispettivi utensili (58; 75; 91; 106) piegatori, i quali vengono avanzati in modo continuo e ciclico lungo un secondo percorso (P4) chiuso per effettuare, ad ogni ciclo, un'operazione di piegatura di un rispettivo foglio (5); a ciascun utensile (58; 75; 91; 106) viene impartito, durante lo svolgimento di ciascuna operazione di piegatura, almeno un primo spostamento in una seconda direzione (72) sostanzialmente trasversale, ad ogni spostamento alla prima direzione(73), ed almeno un secondo spostamento alla prima direzione (73). (Figura 1)
Patent IT-BO950540-A1 (IT)
Title: Apparecchiatura per il dosaggio e la distribuzione controllata di  metadone o di altre sostanze similari.
Inventor: ALTEI FRANCESCO
Filed: 1995-11-16
Abstract: Un'apparecchiatura per il dosaggio e la distribuzione controllata di metadone od altre sostanze similari ad un utente 3, comprende: almeno una unità di dosaggio 1 di detto metadone, contenuto in un serbatoio 2 collegato a detta unità di dosaggio 1; almeno una unità di controllo 4 collegata a detta unità di dosaggio 1, per l'interposizione di mezzi di connessione 5, e destinata ad abilitare l'erogazione di una dose 12 di metadone dalla citata unità di dosaggio 1, a seguito del consenso di mezzi di riconoscimento 7 del citato utente 3, collegati ai citati mezzi di connessione 5.
Patent IT-MI952443-A1 (IT)
Title: Attacco per snowboard e scarpa per esso
Inventor: BINOTTO ANTONIO
IPC: A43B/
Filed: 1995-11-24
Abstract: Un attacco per uno snowboard, comprende una prima parte di innesto (10) destinata ad essere connessa ad uno snowboard e una seconda parte di innesto (11) destinata ad essere connessa inferiormente ad una suola di una scarpa. La prima parte (10) comprendendo elementi di innesto (17, 19) per innestarsi rimuovibilmente in complementari elementi di innesto (29, 32) della seconda parte e vincolare la scarpa allo snowboard. L'innesto fra prima e seconda parte avviene in tre punti.Una scarpa (38) con suola (27) comprende sedi in cui è accolta la detta seconda parte (11) dell'attacco.
Patent IT-PN940006-A1 (IT)
Title: Dispositivo di elaborazione di segnali biologici prelevati mediante elettrodi sulla pelle di un paziente
Inventor: LARIBIERE LAURENT
IPC: A61B5/276
Filed: 1994-01-28
Abstract: L'invenzione riguarda un elaboratore di segnali biologici prelevati mediante elettrodi disposti sulla pelle di un paziente, comprendente almeno due elettrodi di misura di segnale e un elettrodo di riferimento, almeno un amplificatore differenziale di ingresso (10) i cui ingressi (11, 12) sono collegati a questi due elettrodi, ed un circuito rivelatore di assenza di corrente di polarizzazione di questo amplificatore differenziale d'ingresso (10), in modo da produrre un segnale d'allarme al distacco o allo scollegamento di almeno un elettrodo.Si applica specialmente per la sorveglianza a domicilio di malati.
Patent IT-TO950177-A1 (IT)
Title: Serratura per locali con azionamento elettronico, provvista di mezzi  per l'azionamento d'emergenza
Inventor: DE ROBERTIS ALESSANDRO
IPC: E05B/
Filed: 1995-03-10
Abstract: Una serratura comprendente un equipaggio mobile destinato a comandare il sistema di chiavistelli di una porta, ed un motore elettrico principale disposto per comandare gli spostamenti dell'equipaggio mobile e controllato da un circuito elettronico ricevitore coordinato ad un mezzo di comando elettronico, in cui è prevista una maniglia di azionamento manuale di emergenza dell'equipaggio mobile, un primo mezzo di trasmissione disinnestabile è inserito tra tale maniglia e l'equipaggio mobile, ed è previsto un motore elettrico ausiliario, di ridotta potenza, controllato dal circuito elettronico ricevitore e disposto per operare l'innesto ed il disinnesto del primo mezzo di trasmissione disinnestabile in caso di emergenza. Preferibilmente un secondo mezzo di trasmissione disinnestabile è inserito tra il' motore elettrico principale e l'equipaggio mobile ed è azionato inversamente al primo mezzo di trasmissione disinnestabile.
Patent NO-20093015-A1 (NO)
Title: Apparat og fremgangsmate for overflatebehandling av et legeme
Inventor: TORLAND KJELL
IPC: B05C1/08
Filed: 2009-09-17
Abstract: Det beskrives et apparat (1) og en fremgangsmåte for overflatebehandling av et legeme (3), hvor apparatet (1) omfatter: et fremføringsmiddel (5) for å kunne frembringe relativ bevegelse mellom legemet (3) og apparatet (1); i det minste en påføringsanordning (7) som er innrettet til å kunne påføre legemet (3) et overflatebehandlingsmiddel; og i det minste en herdeinnretning (11) for å frembringe eller fremskynde herding av overflatebehandlingsmiddelet som er påført legemet (3), hvor apparatet (1) ytterligere omfatter en strukturfrembringende innretning (9) som er anordnet i et parti mellom påføringsanordningen (7) og herdeinnretningen (11) for å kunne frembringe en struktur (4) i overflatebehandlingsmiddelet før dette herder.
Patent NO-20121385-A1 (NO)
Title: Skjaereelementer for bronnskjaereverktoy
Inventor: STOWE II CALVIN J
IPC: E21B10/42
Filed: 2012-11-21
Abstract: Skjæreelementer for brønnskjæreverktøy omfatter en toppoverflate med et skjæreoverflateparti og et skjæreprofil asymmetrisk anbrakt over toppoverflaten. Skjæreelementene omfatter første og andre langsgående sideoverflater og første og andre laterale sideoverflater, hver har et respektivt tverrsnitt. Tverrsnittet til en av de langsgående sideoverflater kan ha et avfaset parti og tverrsnittene til de andre langsgående sideoverflater og de første og andre laterale sideoverflater kan ha to avfasede partier. En skjæreende til et brønnskjæreverktøy omfatter to skjæreelementer anbrakt vendende mot hverandre med et parti av skjæreoverflatepartiet til et første skjæreelement som er anbrakt motstående skjæreprofilet til det andre skjæreelement og skjæreoverflatepartiet til det andre skjæreelement er anbrakt motstående skjæreprofilet til det første skjæreelement.
Patent NO-20121560-A1 (NO)
Title: Et sagesystem, en støttestruktur for en sag og en bytteenhet for sagveaier
Inventor: RAMFJORD HARALD
IPC: B23D21/00
Filed: 2012-12-28
Abstract: Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører et system for kutting av ben, med en benstøtteklemme 2 med en høyde h for å opprettholde den strukturelle integriteten til benet 1 under og etter kutting av benet 1. Systemet innbefatter minst to benstøtteklemme-deler som gjør det mulig å montere benstøtteklemmen 2 rundt benet 1. De minst to benstøtteklemme-delene er koblet sammen i minst en klemmestruktursammenføyning 11 med løsbare mekaniske festemidler for sammenkobling eller løsgjøring av de minst to benstøtteklemmedelene langs den minst ene klemmestruktursammenføyningen. En vaiersag 6 med en vaiersagstøtteramme 7 og langsgående sagspor 16 for aksial forflytning av sagvaieren langs de langsgående sagsporene 16 kan være fastgjort til benstøtteklemmen. En vaierbytteenhet 9 med et flertall sagvaiere med en sammenføyning som gjør det mulig å sammenføye vaierene er anbragt tilstøtende vaiersagen. Oppfinnelsen vedrører videre en benstøtteklemme.
Patent NO-20172008-A1 (NO)
Inventor: BINGHAM RICHARD
IPC: E21B21/06
Filed: 2017-12-18
Abstract: This disclosure is generally drawn to systems, devices, apparatuses, and/or methods, related to monitoring a shaker and monitoring a room in which shaker(s) operate. Specifically, the disclosed systems, devices, apparatuses, and/or methods relate to controlling an actuated arm to inspect, remove, replace, repair, clean the shaker and/or screen assemblies based on monitoring the shaker and its screen assemblies, and to adjust or maintain shaker(s) in a defined area such as the room in which shaker(s) operate. While the examples disclosed herein generally describe shakers for separating solids from fluids, the present disclosure contemplates that other separation equipment (e.g., machines for separating solids from other solids) may also be monitored and controlled by the systems and methods described herein.
Patent PE-20000378-A1 (PE)
Title: Barra de malla para elevacion bidireccional de fabricacion posible
Inventor: SAFWAT SHERIF
IPC: A01K73/02
Filed: 1999-02-10
Abstract: SE REFIERE A CELDAS DE MALLA QUE USAN PARES DE BARRAS DE MALLA LAS CUALES COMPRENDEN UNA LONGITUD CONTINUA DE MATERIAL DE FORMA TRANSVERSAL QUE TIENE UN SESGO CON UNA DIRECCION COMUN A LO LARGO DE LA LONGITUD DEL MISMO Y UN EJE LONGITUDINAL DE SIMETRIA, DONDE DOS BARRAS DE MALLA CUANDO SE INCLUYEN EN LA CELDA RETICULADA SE ALCANZAN EN UN ACOPLAMIENTO; Y EN UN MODELO DE ZIGZAG USADO PARA TEJER LA MALLA HECHA A MAQUINA, EL EJE LONGITUDINAL DE SIMETRIA DE LAS BARRAS DE MALLA GIRAN HACIA CADA ACOPLADOR; DONDE ARRASTRAR ESAS BARRAS DE MALLA HACE QUE EL FLUJO DE AGUA PASE A TRAVES DE PARES DE LAS MISMAS EN 2 DIRECCIONES DIFERENTES CON RESPECTO A ESE SESGO COMUN, LAS DIRECCIONES DEL FLUJO DE AGUA NO SON PARALELAS NI PERPENDICULARES AL EJE LONGITUDINAL DE SIMETRIA DE LAS BARRAS DE MALLA, Y A MEDIDA QUE LOS FLUJOS DE AGUA PASAN LAS BARRAS DE MALLA, LA FORMA TRANSVERSAL DE LAS MISMAS RESPECTIVAMENTE PRODUCEN UN COMPONENTE DE FUERZA QUE ESTA EN DIRECCION SIMPLE PREESTABLECIDA PERPENDICULAR AL COMPONENTE DE FUERZA DE DRAGADO PARA LAS BARRAS DE MALLA
Patent PE-55498-A1 (PE)
Title: Compuestos de triarilo
Inventor: MANLEY PAUL WILLIAM
IPC: C07D413/10
Filed: 1997-03-06
Abstract: SE REFIEREN A COMPUESTOS ARILCARBONILOXI, DE FORMULA (Ia), Y 4-OXI-3-(ARIL)FENIL-AZARILO, DE FORMULA (Ib), EN DONDE: "W" ES N o C-CO-R, EN DONDE: "R" ES OH, O-ALQUILO C1-C6 o NR3R4, EN DONDE R3 Y R4 SON H o ALQUILO C1-C6; Az ES UN GRUPO AZARILO, COMO POR EJEMPLO IMIDAZO[1,2-a]PIRIDINA; R1 ES ALQUILO C1-C4, DE PREFERENCIA METILO; R2 ES UNA PORCION FENILO DE FORMULA (II) (EN DONDE R5 Y R6 SON H, Cl, NITRO o FENOXI, O R5 Y R6 JUNTOS FORMAN UN PUENTE DE 3 o 5 ATOMOS DE LONGUITUD DE CADENA CON ATOMOS DE O, N o S, DE PREFERENCIA ES FURAZANIL), O ES UNA PORCION 2,5-CICLOHEXADIEN-3,4-ILIDINA-1-ILO. TAMBIEN SE REFIERE AL PROCEDIMIENTO DE PREPARACION DE (Ia) E (Ib), Y A LOS COMPUESTOS INTERMEDIOS EN DONDE R2 NO ES EL SUSTITUYENTE DE (Ia) E (Ib), SINO ES "X", SIENDO "X" Br o UN GRUPO SALIENTE QUE CONTIENE ESTANO O BORO, DE PREFERENCIA -B(OH)2. LOS COMPUESTOS OBTENIDOS ACTUAN INHIBIENDO A LA ISOENZIMA NUCLEOTIDO FOSFODIESTERASA CICLICA (PDE) SELECTIVA PARA LA ISOENZIMA TIPO 4 E INHIBIENDO LA SECRECION DEL FACTOR DE NECROSIS TUMORAL (TNFa), SIENDO UTIL EN EL TRATAMIENTO INFLAMATORIO E INMUNOSUPRESOR, DE PREFERENCIA PARA EL ASMA