baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-570210-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in gas-escape reaction-propelled devices
IPC: C06B45/12
Filed: 1942-11-06
Abstract: 570,210. Explosives; projectiles; cartridges. TAYLOR, J., WARK, R., and IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Nov. 6, 1942, No. 15687. [Classes 9 (i) and 9 (ii)] A gas-escape reaction-propelled device such as a rocket projectile or aeroplane take-off apparatus comprises a compact smokeless powder charge 5, which is to generate the propulsive gases, in association with one or more oxidizing charges 6, 7 which are so shaped and positioned that substantially the whole of the surface thereof is swept by the stream of propulsive gases before the stream escapes through the venturi nozzle 2 to the atmosphere. The function of the charges 6, 7 is to supply oxygen to the propulsive gases to burn carbon monoxide and hydrogen contained therein. The charges 6, 7, which may be tubular, as shown, or rod-like, and enclosed in a celluloid container, are made by compressing a composition comprising ammonium nitrate and an alkali metal or ammonium chromate, bichromate or polychromate. The function of the chromate &c. is to enable the decomposition of the ammonium nitrate to take place at a lower temperature than would otherwise be the case. The smokeless powder charge may comprise nitroglycerine, nitrocellulose, diethyldiphenyl urea, mineral jelly and diamyl phthalate. A black powder igniting charge 8 is disposed between the charge 5 and a seal 4 which separates the combustion chamber I from a threaded union 3 adapted to receive the projectile &c. Grids 10, 11, 12 separate the charges from each other and from the venturi nozzle. The nozzle may have a temporary waterproof closure. Specification 570,211 is referred to.
Patent GB-932178-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods and apparatus for producing deuterium by distillation of hydrogen
Inventor: STOULS LEON
IPC: B01D59/28
Filed: 1961-05-01
Abstract: 932,178. Cold separation of gas mixtures. COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE. May 1, 1961 [May 2, 1960; Nov. 9, 1960], No. 15707/61. Class 8(2). Separation of deuterium containing traces of trituim from admixture with hydrogen containing HT and DT is effected in a column 4 having a supply line 14, an overhead hydrogen gas effluent line 16, a tritium-rich liquid deuterium outlet 35 at the base, and a product deuterium outlet line 34 located below the level at which maximum enrichment with D 2  occurs but above that at which enrichment with tritium begins. In operation cold natural hydrogen containing HD and HT is expanded through a valve 21 into a preconcentration column 1 from the base of which HD -rich hydrogen is expanded through a valve 24 into an upper column 2 having an overhead HD- lean hydrogen outlet 6, and a similar outlet 28 leading to a heat exchanger 30 a compressor 31 a a condensing coil 32 and an expansion valve 33 by which reflux re-enters the column at 29 HD- rich hydrogen containing HT is withdrawn from column 2 through a line 7, 8 and is passed into a column 3 having an HT- rich hydrogen outlet 37 and an HD- rich hydrogen outlet 36 which leads through a heat exchanger 11 to a catalyst chamber 12 wherein the HD is in part reduced to D 2  and H 2  which is forced by a compressor 13 back through the exchanger 11 and into the feed line 14 leading to the column 4. The feed gas thus comprises H 2 , D 2  HD, HT and DT and since the boiling point of HT in very near that of D 2  the former is converted to DT by withdrawing a mixture at a level 52, warming in an exchanger 47 and passing over a platinum or palladium catalyst in a chamber 45 from which the DT and HD is forced by a compressor 48 back through the exchanger 46 into the column 4. Liquid withdrawn from the base 50 of the column may be similarly treated in a catalyst chamber 44.
Patent GB-754880-A (GB)
Title: New esters having plasticising properties
IPC: C08K5/12
Filed: 1954-05-27
Abstract: Capryl n-heptyl phthalate (see Group IV (b)) is used to plasticize synthetic resins, particularly vinyl resins.  It is compatible with polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polymethacrylates, polystyrene, vinyl chloridevinyl acetate copolymers and alkyd resins. In an example, capryl n-heptyl phthalate is mixed, together with lead stearate and lead silicate, with polyvinyl chloride.ALSO:The invention comprises the mixed ester capryl-n-heptyl phthalate which is prepared by esterifying phthalic anhydride with capryl alcohol in a first stage to form capryl hydrogen phthalate, the latter being esterified in a second stage with n-heptyl alcohol.  The second stage of the esterification is preferably carried out in an inert solvent which removes the water formed by entrainment, and is also preferably catalysed by a strong mineral acid such as sulphuric acid or an aryl sulphonic acid.  The capryl and n-heptyl alcohols may be obtained by splitting castor oil, the capryl alcohol being obtained directly and the n-heptyl alcohol by the hydrogenation of oenanthol.  The ester is a plasticizer for synthetic resins particularly vinyl resins.  It is compatible with polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate chloride, nitrocellulose, polymethacrylates, polystyrene and alkyd resins (see Group IV (a)).  In an example phthalic anhydride is heated with capryl alcohol in the presence of toluene to form capryl hydrogen phthalate.  Heptyl alcohol, sulphuric acid, and a further amount of toluene are added and the mixture is heated to form the neutral mixed ester.  For comparison an example is given to show that when a single stage esterification is carried out using a mixture of capryl and n-heptyl alcohols with phthalic anhydride, a mixture of esters of high acid number is obtained owing to the dehydration of the capryl alcohol.
Patent GB-853758-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to tractors
IPC: E02F3/627
Filed: 1959-05-07
Abstract: 853,758. Earth-moving equipment. ASTROM, K. R. May 7, 1959 [May 9, 1958], No. 15775/59. Class 68(1). [Also in Group XXXI] A tool-carrying, vertically swingable boom 17 is pivotally mounted on brackets 16 upstanding from the ends of the arms of a U-shaped frame 15 designed to horizontally embrace the front of a tractor 10. The arms of the frame at the rear are secured to the tractor by bolts 13, and rearwardly opening lugs 18 on the underneath of the arms of the frame embrace pivots 12 extending from the sides of the tractor. Alternatively, the pivots 12 may be on the side arms and engage in forwardly opening lugs on the tractor. A pair of legs 24 is pivotally mounted beneath the front of the frame. When the tool is'not required on the tractor the boom 17 is lowered so that the tool 23 rests on the ground, the legs 24 are swung down against the ground, the bolts 13 securing the U frame 15 to the tractor 10 are removed, hydraulic piping is uncoupled as required, and the tractor is backed out of the U frame.
Patent GB-1277353-A (GB)
Title: Olefin copolymers
Inventor: LONGI PAOLO
IPC: C08F210/00
Filed: 1970-04-02
Abstract: 1277353 Olefin copolymers MONTECATINI EDISON SpA 2 April 1970 [2 April 1969] 15791/70 Heading C3P Sulphur vulcanizable high molecular weight copolymers of ethylene, propylene, butadiene- 1,3 and dicyclopentadiene containing 15 to 50 mol per cent of propylene units and 0À1 to 20 mol per cent of butadiene and dicyclopentadiene units in a molar ratio of 5 : 1 to 5 : 1, may be prepared by copolymerization in the presence of a catalyst comprising an organometallic compound or hydride of beryllium, aluminium or lithium-aluminium and a hydrocarbon-soluble vanadium compound. The catalyst may comprise an aluminium trialkyl or alkyl halide, and a vanadium halide or oxyhalide, optionally complexed with a Lewis base, or a vanadium or vanadyl alcoholate, haloalcoholate, acetylacetonate or haloacetylacetonate. Polymerization may be effected in the presence of a solvent or diluent, e.g. hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons. In examples polymerization is effected with aluminium ethyl sesquichloride and vanadium tri-acetylacetonate or vanadyl trichloride, and the products compounded with carbon black, extender oil, stearic acid, zinc oxide, sulphur and accelerators, and vulcanized.
Patent GB-421035-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rotary piston machines
IPC: F01C21/08
Filed: 1934-05-28
Abstract: 421,035. Rotary engines. SULZER FRERES SOC. ANON., Winterthur, Switzerland. May 28, 1934, No. 15796. Convention date, July 7, 1933. Drawings to Specification. [Class 110 (ii)] In a rotary engine of the eccentric rotor type having four or more sliding or pivoted vanes, the spacing of the vanes around the rotor is irregular. The pitch of the vanes may increase from a minimum to a maximum several times in 360‹ and the changes may also be irregular. The angle of a blade with a radius passing through a blade root may also vary around the rotor circumference.
Patent GB-207760-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in shock absorbing road wheels of vehicles
IPC: B60B9/04
Filed: 1923-06-18
Abstract: 207,760. Courtney, T. L., and Keith, H. June 18, 1923. Spring wheels.-A wheel comprises a rim 1 to which are pivoted jointed links 5, 5<b>, 6, 6<b> supported by radial leaf springs 7, 7<a> carried on and divergent towards, loosely fitting hub sleeves 10, 10<a> which are placed inwards of the spokes A and are laterally slidable on the hub. Rings C' bearing on flanges 2 of the rim 1 carry the spokes A, flanges C<3> on the rings preventing excessive movement of the rim. Transverse bolts D bear against the enlarged joints 5<a>, 6<a> of the links and transmit pressure from road shocks to the links 5, 6 to move them laterally and exert pull on the resilient springs 7, 7<a>.
Patent GB-317155-A (GB)
Title: Improved device for supplying dry heated air, particularly for avoiding deposits of moisture on shop windows or the like
IPC: A47L1/16
Filed: 1928-05-30
Abstract: 317,155. Lavender, P. C., and Sherman, A. E. May 30, 1928. Heating by electricity.-An electrical air heater comprises a wire wound upon a dielectric arranged in a metal tube having wire gauze wings k and disposed in a casing containing a fan f and cages g for desiccant.
Patent GB-406718-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to hair waving
IPC: A45D7/06
Filed: 1932-06-04
Abstract: 406,718. Hair - waving appliances. MAcDONALD, W., and MAcDONALD, H., Springfield, Ness Walk, Inverness. June 4, 1932, No. 15859. [Class 131.] In a method of hair waving wherein the tress, wound on a curler, is enclosed in a jacket or sachet and is heated, in the presence of chemical vapours, either by the admission of steam or by the application of a heater, the liquid or solid substance from which the vapour is to be evolved is enclosed in a capsule which is inserted in the jacket or sachet. The capsule may be formed of a substance which melts or dissolves under the action of heat or steam, or which bursts under the pressure produced by the evaporation of its contents ; it may be provided with a weak or thin spot, with a teat or neck adapted to be broken before use, or with an aperture 17, Fig. 3, closed by a soluble, meltable or rupturable seal 18, or it may comprise a flexible tube, e.g. of rubber, provided with a small unsealed aperture. The capsule may be divided into two compartments 20, 21 of the same or different sizes. The capsule may be used with a steaming jacket 10, Fig. 6, of the kind disclosed in Specification 246,904, [Class 131], the jacket being provided with an offset portion 11 to accommodate the steam pipe 12 and with a clip 14 to retain the capsule adjacent the outlets 15 of the steam pipe. The arrangement may be such that two capsules, the outlets of which face in opposite directions, are retained one on each side of the pipe 12.
Patent GB-356111-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in thermionic valve circuits
IPC: H04J3/04
Filed: 1930-05-23
Abstract: 356,111. Transmission systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., Columbia House, Aldwych, London.- (Reeves, A. H. ; 46, Avenue de Breteuil, Paris.) May 23, 1930, No. 15895. [Class 40 (iv).] A valve interposed between two sections of an electric transmission path is arranged to open and close the path by the action of a controlling impulse on a pair of reciprocally - coupled triode valves, in conjunction with one or more diode valves. As shown in Fig. 1, the device is arranged to control the operative condition of a repeater valve K interposed between an input line AB and an output line CD, and operates by affecting the bias of the valve grid. The device comprises a pair of reciprocally-coupled valves 1, 2 each having a battery E1, E2 and a resistance 13. 14 in its plate circuit, the junction of the battery and resistance for one valve being connected to the grid of the other valve. The control circuit FH is coupled by a transformer S to the grid circuit of the valve 1. In one position of equilibrium, the grids of the valves 2, K are sufficiently negative to block the transmission path AB, CD. In this position valve 1 is conducting, and valve 2 is blocked. When an impulse is applied in the control circuit FH, the condition of the valves is reversed, and grid 8 loses its negative bias owing to its connection to the plate circuit of the blocked valve 1. Consequently the main transmission path AB, CD is opened. A quick opening and slow blocking of the repeater K is provided for by the use of a condenser M across grid and filament of the valve 2, and a high resistance R shunted by a diode valve G is interposed in the lead from the plate circuit of valve 1 to the grid of valve 2. The effect of this is that a negative charge on the grid and on the condenser M can leak away quickly through the diode G, but a negative charge can only accumulate on the grid slowly as it has to traverse the resistance R. A diode E shunted by a resistance P is interposed between the transformer S and the grid of the valve 1, to ensure that only those impulses which render the grid negative are passed to the grid. The arrangement shown in Fig. 2 employs a pushpull repeater in the transmission path AB, CD. The operating voltages are applied to the grids and plates of the valves 1, 2 in the manner described in Specification 344,936, [Group XL]. Control impulses are applied through a transformer L connected between the plate circuit resistances of the valves. The transformer is shunted by a diode valve Q arranged to give quick opening and slow blocking of the repeater.
Patent GB-1098226-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of caprolactam
IPC: B01J19/24
Filed: 1965-04-14
Abstract: The invention comprises a process for the production of caprolactam from cyclohexane carboxylic acid or its derivatives or ketones containing the cyclohexyl ring, and nitrosyl sulphuric acid or other nitrosating agents, in the presence of H2SO4, SO3- containing H2SO4, or SO3, wherein the nitrosating agent is added in several stages to the compound to be nitrosated so that the quantity of the nitrosating agent added in a single stage does not exceed 65% of the total amount of nitrosating agent, and the temperature of the mass being reacted in the several stages is maintained, for the cyclohexyl-ring-containing ketones at from 30 DEG  to 110 DEG C and for cyclohaxane carboxylic acid and its derivatives at from 60 DEG to 110 DEG  C., by evaporation of a liquid which is miscible or immiscible with the reaction mass or by means of heat exchangers. Preferably, the temperature in the several stages is not lower than the temperature of the preceding stage and the overall stay time is from 5 to 60 minutes.
Patent GB-1393702-A (GB)
Title: Electrical apparatus for promoting the growth of bone and other body tissues
IPC: A61B17/56
Filed: 1972-04-06
Abstract: 1393702 Apparatus for stimulating bone growth W KRAUS 6 April 1972 [6 April 1971] 16015/72 Heading A5R Apparatus for assisting the formation of bone and other body tissues comprises a generator 10 for the supply of alternating current with a frequency of 10-30 Hz and rise/fall times greater than 5ms, a coil 14 connected to the output terminals 12 of the generator 10, and a device (not shown) which can be applied to the body in the zone in which bone growth is to be stimulated to concentrate the magnetic field in that zone. The device consists of one or more ferromagnetic bodies (28); (36); (40); (44); or (28'), which may be incorporated in a marrow nail (26), Fig. 4 (not shown); a compression screw (34), Fig 5 (not shown); a splint plate (38); Fig 6 (not shown); an implantable flexible tube (42); Fig 7 (not shown); or a marrow nail (26'), Fig 8 (not shown). The coil 14 may, as shown, consist of insulated copper tape wound around a U-shaped core. The coil may alternatively consist of several individual coils which may each be flat, Fig 2 (not shown) and of eliptical or circular cross-section, Fig 3 (not shown); the individual coils being hingedly connected. The alternating current may have the form of sinusoidal or triangular waves or pulses. Means 18 for detecting a blood pulse may be connected to the generator 10 to synchronise the current oscillations with the pulse. The output of the pulse detector 18 may also determine the form of the current oscillations. In the marrow nail (26') of Fig 8 (not shown), the ferromagnetic body (28') forms a core for a winding (46), to the ends of which are connected bare electrodes (48) The electrodes (48) are on, or embedded in, the outer surface of the nail (26') and are insulated therefrom.
Patent GB-116217-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Securing Stamp Tappets and other Bodies to their Stems or Shafts.
Inventor: DALY WILLIAM
IPC: B21D28/34
Filed: 1917-11-05
Abstract: 116,217. Daly, W. Nov. 5, 1917. Gibs.-In means for securing stamp tappets &c. on shafts, a gib formed in two parts 6 connected by a central flexible portion 7 is pressed into engagement with inclines 5 on the tappet, and thus against the shaft 4, by a cotter 1.
Patent GB-692488-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the refining of petroleum oils
IPC: C10G29/00
Filed: 1950-06-28
Abstract: Finely divided metallic lithium, sodium or potassium is contacted with petroleum oil in the presence of an activator comprising an ether, a ketone or an alcohol, and the treated oil is filtered at a temperature below about 50 DEG C.  The treatment removes gum-forming substances, improves the colour and sweetens the oils.  The process is applicable to gasolines, heating oils, Diesel fuels and to petroleum oils in general, but in particular to thermally or catalytically cracked gasolines.  Sodium is the preferred alkali metal, and it may be used in the form of particles of size less than 50 microns in diameter or smaller (30 or even 2-10 microns).  It may be used in suspension in a high-boiling hydrocarbon oil free from olefines such as a virgin naphtha of B.P. 300-400 DEG F.  Dispersing agents such as sodium oleate or a resinous polymer may be added to maintain the suspension.  The preferred ethers are secondary aliphatic ethers containing 4-10 carbon atoms such as isopropyl ether or secondary butyl ether, but other ethers such as ethyl ether, normal propyl ether, isobutyl ether, benzyl ether and mixed ethers may also be used.  Acetone is the preferred ketone, but methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone may also be used.  The alcohols may be monohydric or polyhydric, the secondary and tertiary monohydric alcohols being preferred, and it is desirable that they should contain less than seven carbon atoms per molecule. The time of treatment may be from 10 minutes to 2 hours.  The temperature may be above 40 DEG C and preferably from 200-250 DEG C. When using a secondary or tertiary alcohol as activator, the preferred temperature range is from 70 DEG -250 DEG C, with ketones from 200-225 DEG C and with ethers from 200-250 DEG C.  The concentration of sodium is from 0.25-2.0 per cent (preferably 0.5 to 1.0 per cent) by weight, based on the oil to be treated.  Its concentration in the vehicle may be 50 per cent by weight or higher. The quantity of activator may be 5-30 molar per cent (preferably 5-10 molar per cent) based on the weight of sodium used.  After filtration, oils containing acid materials may be washed with water or an acid wash to remove oil soluble sodium salts.  In the examples there are reported the results of tests carried out on thermally cracked and catalytically cracked naphthas, crude gasoline, and thermally cracked gasoline purified according to the process of the invention using finely divided metal sodium and various activators.
Patent GB-386312-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for separating solids from liquids
IPC: B01D21/00
Filed: 1931-06-04
Abstract: 386,312. Gravity-separation apparatus. WILKINS, E. T., Fuel Research Station, Blackwall Lane, East Greenwich, London. June 4, 1931, No. 16193. [Class 46.] A settling tank, particularly applicable for separating suspensions of coal and associated impurities, is provided with a number of inclined baffles and its inlet and overflow outlet are at the same level so that liquid passes from the inlet to the outlet as a horizontal stream over or between the upper ends of the baffles. The distance between the baffles in a horizontal plane is considerably less than their average height. Fig. 1 shows a conical tank with baffles PI in the form of conical frustra. There is a central inlet F1 surrounded by a perforated distributer B1, a peripheral overflow W1, and a sediment outlet E1. Modifications are described in which (a) the conical frustra are upright instead of inverted and (b) the baffles take the form of parallel tubes or of a multi-start spiral with vertical axis. Fig. 4 shows a form with inlet F4 and distributer B4 at one side, the clear liquid outlet W4 being at the other side. The baffles are built up of units, as shown in Fig. 5, each unit consisting of a number of plain or corrugated plates spaced by rods G. In the form shown in Fig. 7, one of the baffle plates Q is extended to the wall of the tank and an additional outlet R is provided so that the different classes of sediment collecting in the two portions of the tank are discharged separately. Fig. 8 shows a tank which may be rectangular in plan and which has three separate sediment-collecting compartments. It is stated that arrangements may be made for continuously or intermittently moving the whole system of baffles.
Patent GB-997523-A (GB)
Title: Supported nickel catalyst and production thereof
Inventor: ARNOLD MELVIN ROY
IPC: B01J23/78
Filed: 1964-04-20
Abstract: The catalyst of the parent Specification which comprises NiO supported on a carrier of anhydrous Al2O3 and clay bonded with calcium aluminate of formula CaO2.5Al2O3 is modified in that (1) clay may be omitted, and (2) the calcium aluminate must contain 73-82% Al2O3, and (3) the finished catalyst contains 10-25% NiO, not more than 3% SiO2 and 15-55% calcium aluminate.  The catalyst may be calcined at 1300-1600  DEG F.
Patent GB-1236739-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in a zinc electrode and method of forming
IPC: H01M4/24
Filed: 1969-03-28
Abstract: 1,236,739. Making electrodes. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 28 March, 1969 [1 April, 1968], No. 16313/69. Heading B3A. [Also in Division H1] In a zinc electrode comprising a support and zinc powder pressed against opposite surfaces of the support, the zinc powder is amalgamated with mercury in the surface of the electrode. A die is filled with a zinc powder which has not been amalgamated by mercury or by mixing zinc powder in a mercury salt electrolyte such that the powder becomes amalgamated to 5- 20% by weight mercury. A metallic screen, preferably of silver, is used as a support, and an electrical lead is attached to the support, which is then placed in the die. The powder mixture is pressed against the support at a pressure of about 5000 p.s.i. The pressed electrode is contacted by an aqueous solution of a mercury salt, so that the powder in the surface of the electrode is amalgamated by the mercury. The electrode is finally washed in distilled water to remove the salt residue therefrom.