Patent GB-190714780-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Dyeing Bleaching and Treating Fibrous Materials.
Filed: 1907-06-27
Granted: 1908-06-29
Abstract: 14,780. Halliwell, T., and Mather & Platt. June 27. Bleaching ; dyeing ; washing. - Apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, scouring, or otherwise treating fibrous materials by circulating the treating liquid through them in alternating directions, is particularly described in connexion with the treatment of cops. It comprises a closed reservoir communicating with a closed vat through a drum therein, on the perforated periphery of which are placed the fibrous materials, a slide valve actuated by steam pressure for alternately placing the interiors of the vat and of the receiver respectively in communication with steam supply and exhaust, and a piston valve operated by a float in the receiver for changing the connexion of the steam supply to the slide valve. The drum 6, loaded with cops 3 on skewers 4 which are kept in place by curved perforated metal plates 7, is lowered into the vat 1 so that its tubulure 8 fits tightly in a hole in the bottom, and the lid 2 is shut hermetically. The vat 1 and receiver 9 are then exhausted and liquor is admitted from an upper tank through an inlet E, preferably up to the level of the top of the drum 6 in the vat 1 and fills the receiver 9, and the circulation of the liquor is started. When the receiver 9 empties, filling the vat 1, the float 11 descends its spindle 12 and, bearing upon the lower of two collars 13 thereon, pulls down, through its rod 14, a piston 15, Fig. 4. The piston 15 works in a cylinder 16 provided with five ports. In this position the central port 27, to which steam is admitted, is connected, through the lower intermediate port and a passage 28<A> in the wall of the chamber 17 of the main slide valve 18, to the left-band end of the chamber 17, Fig. 5. As a result, the slide valve 18 is driven over to the right, the right-hand end of the chamber 17 being connected through a second passage 28<B> to an end port of the cylinder 16, both the end-ports of which are connected to the exhaust. Steam now flows from an inlet pipe A, through a passage 23 (opening into the two end ports 19 of the five annular ports 19, 21, 22, 20, 19), the left-hand end and intermediate ports 19, 21, a passage 25, and pipes R, T, S to the top of the vat 1; the receiver 9 is connected to exhaust through a pipe P, a passage 24, the right-hand intermediate and central ports 20, 22, a passage 26, a pipe Q, a passage W, and a pipe C, whence the exhaust steam passes into the upper liquor tank. When sufficient of the liquor in the vat 1 has been driven back through the cops 3, drum 6, and connecting-pipe 10 to fill the receiver 9, the float 11 strikes the upper collar, raising the piston 15 ; steam passes through the second passage 28<B> and drives the slide valve 18 to the left ; this causes a reversal of the previous steam and exhaust connexions, the steam driving the liquor from the receiver 9 back to the vat 1 through the cops as before. These reversals take place automatically as described until the steam is shut off from the cylinders 16, 17. The vat 1 and receiver 9 are then simultaneously connected with an exhaust and steam, admitted to both, forces the liquor into a tank ; or air is admitted to both vat and receiver and the liquor run out by gravitation. Sundry inlet, outlet, and drain pipes D, F, G, H for water and liquor, and also gauge-glasses on the vat and receiver, are provided. Specification No. 2840, A.D. 1896, is referred to.