Patent GB-908337-A (GB)
Title: A process for the production of foam materials
Inventor: WINDEMUTH ERWIN
IPC: C08G18/24
Filed: 1960-05-25
Abstract: A process for the production of foam materials comprises reacting at least one polyhydroxyl and/or polycarboxyl compound with a molecular weight greater than 300 and, if necessary or if desired (the latter case being where carboxyl groups are present), a compound which produces a blowing action under the reaction conditions, in the presence of a catalyst capable of polymerizing isocyanates to form a perhydrotriazine ring, with more than twice the quantity of polyisocyanate which is required for reaction with the free hydroxyl and/or carboxyl groups and, if present and reactive, the compound which produces a blowing action under the reaction conditions. Suitable starting materials are linear or branched polyethers and addition products of alkylene oxides, poly-addition compounds of polyacetals and olefins, compounds HOOCR1-(RX)n-R11-COOH in which n is a whole number larger than 1, X is an oxygen or sulphur atom, the R's are alkylene radicals which can contain urethane or ester groupings; linear or branched polyesters, including those obtained from polyglycols; OH-containing products from silanols or siloxanes; polyacetals; hydrogenated ethylene/carbon monoxide reaction products; polyfunctional polymerized fatty acids; OH and COOH-containing decomposition products of natural rubber. Suitable catalysts are combinations of tertiary amines with substituted carbamates: tertiary amines which include hetero atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur; compounds of the general formula ROMe+ in which Me+ represents a metal or quaternary ammonium ion and R is hydrogen, a hydrocarbon radical (which may contain hetero atoms) or a grouping R1CO-, R1CS, R1COO-, R1O-, or R1CONH- in which R1 is hydrogen or hydrocarbon, e.g. potassium salts of fatty acids or polymerized fatty acids.  Also suitable are metal derivatives of amides or amines and compounds which contain an alkali metal directly bonded to carbon. As blowing agents there are specified water, low-boiling solvents, aldoximes, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate or nitrite, hydrogen peroxide, dimethylol-p-cresol, substances spliting off formaldehyde and compounds which decompose to liberate nitrogen. The reaction mixture may also contain monoisocyanates, pigments, dyes, silica gel, metal powder, cellulose, silicones, emulsifiers, halo-alkyl phosphates, ammonium phosphate and phenol formaldehyde-dicyandiamide mixed condensates.  Polyethers or polyesters containing double bonds can be foamed in the presence of other polymerizable compounds.  In typical Examples (8) a polyester (acid number 64, OH number 0), prepared from dimerized linoleic acid and polyethylene glycol, is reacted with a mixture of potassium oleate in oleic acid, permethylated tetramethylene diamine, phenyl methyl polysiloxane and mixed toluene 2:4- and 2:6-diisocyanates to give a foamed product: (9) the dehydrated potassium salt of dimerized linoleic acid and (10) a polyester from adipic acid, triethylene glycol and trimethylol propane are used as starting material in a similar process.  Specifications 804,369, 832,352, 842,420, 866,323 and 888,691 are referred to.ALSO:A process for the production of foam materials comprises reacting at least one polyhydroxyl and/or polycarboxyl compound with a molecular weight greater than 300 and, if necessary or if desired (the latter case being where carboxyl groups are present), a compound which produces a blowing action under the reaction conditions, in the presence of a catalyst capable of polymerising isocyanates to form a perhydrotriazine ring, with more than twice the quantity of polyisocyanate which is required for reaction with the free hydroxyl and/or carboxyl groups and, if present and reactive, the compound which produces a blowing action under the reaction conditions.  Suitable starting materials are linear or branched polyethers and addition products of alkylene oxides, polyaddition compounds of polyacetals and olefins, compounds HOOCR1-(RX)n- R11- COOH in which n is a whole number larger than 1, X is an oxygen or sulphur atom, the R's are alkylene radicals which can contain urethane or ester groupings; linear or branched polyesters, including those obtained from polyglycols; OH- containing products from silanols or siloxanes; polyacetals; hydrogenated ethylene carbon monoxide reaction products; polyfunctional polymerised fatty acids; OH and COOH-containing decomposition products of natural rubber. Suitable catalysts are combinations of tertiary amines with substituted carbamates; tertiary amines include hetero atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur; compounds of the general formula ROMe+ in which Me+ represents a metal or quaternary ammonium ion and R is hydrogen, a hydrocarbon radical (which may contain hetero atoms) or a grouping R1CO-, R1CS, R1COO-, R1O-, or R1CONH- in which R1 is hydrogen or hydrocarbon, e.g. potassium salts of fatty acids or polymarised fatty acids.  Also suitable are metal derivatives of amides or amines and compounds which contain an alkali metal directly bonded to carbon.  As blowing agents there are specified water, low-boiling solvents, aldoximes, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate or nitrite, hydrogen peroxide, dimethylol-p-cresol, substances splitting off formaldehyde and compounds which decompose to liberate nitrogen.  The reaction mixture may also contain monoiso cyanates, pigments, dyes, silica gel, metal powder, cellulose, silicones, emulsifiers, halo-alkyl phosphates, ammonium phosphate and phenol-formaldhyde-dicyandiamide mixed condensates.  Polyethers or polyesters containing double bonds can be foamed in the presence of other polymerizable compounds.  In typical Examples (8) a polyester (acid number 64, OH number O) prepared from dimerised linoleic acid and polyethylene glycol, is reacted with a mixture of potassium oleate in oleic acid, permethylated tetramethylene diamine, phenyl methyl polysiloxane and mixed toluene 2 : 4- and 2 : 6- diisocyanates to give a foamed product: (9) the dehydrated potassium salt of dimersed linoleic acid and (10) a polyester from adipic acid, triethylene glycol and trimethylol propane are used as starting material in a similar process.  Specifications 842,420, 866,323 and 888,691 are referred to.