baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-562345-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods and devices for washing gases
IPC: B01D47/16
Filed: 1943-02-09
Abstract: 562,345. Spray producers. LINDEROTH, E. T. Feb. 9, 1943, No. 2162. Convention date, Feb. 10, 1942. [Class 69 (iii)] [Also in Group II] Several centrifugal machines are described, for removing dust particles from gas, and operate by the method of driving the dust-laden current b (see Fig. 1) against a series of guiding surfaces 2 on a rotor so that thin layers of gas are sharply deflected and dust particles flung centrifugally against the surfaces 2, the faces of which are moistened. The ratio of the gas velocity of entry into the rotor w1 to the peripheral velocity of the rotor w2 is very small, the relative velocity wr being high. In Figs. 7 and 8 a perforated drum 3 in a spiralshaped casing 4 rotates at high speed, the unclean gas entering through a pipe 6 and clean gas passing up a diffuser 7. The gas velocity in the casing 4 varies from 7 per cent to over 100 per cent of the rotor peripheral velocity. Equations for calculating the various gas velocities in the machine in accordance with the dimensions R1, R2, the diffuser angle, &c., are given in the Specification. The energy contained in the gas passing through an outlet 17 may be utilized for outside work. Liquid from a sprayer 8 after wetting the vanes is separated by a screen 9 and re-enters a reservoir 11 supplied by a pipe 14 under control of a float valve 15. A strainer 13 and a drain cock are provided. To prevent the overflow of uncleaned gas into the cleaned gas, an annular slot 19 allows a stream of outer air to enter, or a fan may blow cleaned gas through the slot 19 into the casing. Figs. 11 and 12 show an arrangement wherein gas enters an inlet 32 and passes out through a diffuser 33. Washing liquid drains through slots 34, 35 into a reservoir 36, being guided by strips 39. The spray 40b is generated by air pressure in the reservoir and the shape of the ejectors 40, 41. A strainer 42 is used. The liquid may be heated or cooled by means of a coil 44, and the gas in the inlet 32 heated by a medium circulating through a jacket 45. A further arrangement is described wherein the gas flows from the outside of a volute-shaped casing into the rotor chamber, and is led axially to an outlet diffuser. Axially-arranged sprays play on the outside of the rotor. Figs. 15 and 16 show a further arrangement in which the rotor rotates against the flow of gas entering an inlet 63 at the side of the rotor chamber. The spray is formed by a series of nozzles 66, Fig. 15a, such that the gas may be cooled below its dew point. The film of liquid moves obliquely into the gas current. Drainage slots 67 for the liquid are provided. The liquid may be pumped through a cooler 70. In another arrangement, the rotor has concentric rings of vanes, the gas passes radially inwards through the rings, and is delivered axially to an outlet. In passing through the inner ring, the gas assists in driving the rotor. Axial spray tubes for liquid, are arranged inside and outside the rings of vanes.
Patent GB-1244512-A (GB)
Title: Petroleum oil compositions containing copolymers of ethylene with unsaturated esters
Inventor: ILNYCKYJ STEPHAN
IPC: C10L1/18
Filed: 1969-01-14
Abstract: 1,244,512. Terpolymers. ESSO RESEARCH & ENG. CO. 14 Jan., 1969 [1 April, 1968], No. 2225/69. Heading C3P. [Also in Division C5] Fuel and lubricant additives are terpolymers of (a) 40-89% wt. of ethylene; (b) 10-40% wt. of a vinyl ester of a C 2 -C 4  monocarboxylic acid; and (c) 1-30% wt. of an ester of the formula CH 2 =CXY, where X is hydrogen or methyl and Y is -OCOR or -COOR and R is a C 10 -C 22  alkyl group, the polymer having a number average molecular weight of 1000- 50,000. Preferred are terpolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate with vinyl laurate or stearyl acrylate. The polymers are pour point depressants which also decrease the size of wax crystals formed on cooling when added to kerosene, heating oil, diesel oil, and mineral lube oil. There may also be added sodium nitrite or dicyclohexyl ammonium nitrite and octadecylamine. The terpolymers are formed in benzene solution using ditertiary butyl peroxide with continuous addition of monomers.
Patent GB-111762-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Method of Depositing Clay, Plumbago and other like Products on Absorbent Moulds.
Inventor: ALLEN BERNARD JAMES
IPC: B28B1/26
Filed: 1917-02-15
Abstract: 111,762. Allen, B. J. Feb. 15, 1917. Moulds; processes.-Articles of clay, plumbago, silica, or the like are made by deposition from liquid suspensions by electric endosmose on plaster or other porous moulds. The substance is mixed with liquid, with the addition of acid or alkali, and introduced into the mould. One metal electrode plate B is attached to the outside of the mould A and the other electrode D is placed inside, the polarities being determined by the character of the substance. By reversing the current for a period or periods, or by varying the pressure' the porosity of the deposit may be increased. Deposits of varying thickness may be produced by placing plates of opposite polarities against different parts of the outside of the mould and operating as in Specification 110,649. Reversal of the current may also be employed for detaching the deposit from the mould. Superfluous liquid may be siphoned off and the residual moisture absorbed bv the mould, or extracted by a vacuum jacket as described in Specification 110,649. The apparatus shown is for making silica tubes. A. suspension flows from a pipe I and vessel H through procelain &c., tubes J to the mould, which is supported by insulators N. Water escapes by pipes J<1> and a vessel K. Electric conductors pass through the vessels H, K to the interior electrode D, which is held by non-conducting plugs E. An apparatus for making Woulff's bottles, retorts, and stills has the absorbent mould enclosed in a vacuum chamber: the .separated liquid is removed from the interior of the mould through perforated inner electrodes.
Patent GB-717827-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of isopropenyl acetate
Inventor: LACEY RICHARD NORMAN
IPC: C07C69/145
Filed: 1951-01-30
Abstract: In a process for continuous production of isopropenyl acetate, ketene and acetone in the liquid phase are passed concurrently through a reactor comprising at least two reaction zones in the presence of an enolizing catalyst, the molecular ratio of ketene to acetone fed to the reactor being at least 0.5 and the reaction zones <PICT:0717827/IV (b)/1> being maintained at a temperature in the range 60-100 DEG  C. and at a pressure not substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure.  The term "reaction zone" indicates a zone in which the liquid and gaseous reactants are brought into intimate contact in a finely dispersed condition, e.g. by high-speed stirring, the gas being introduced near the stirrer.  Enolizing catalysts are defined as sulphuric acid and compounds of the general formula X-SO3H where X represents an alkyl group having one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by a corresponding number of radicals selected from the class consisting of the carboxyl radical, the sulphonic acid radical and the halogens such as acetyl sulphuric acid, 1 : 2-ethane disulphonic acid and methionic acid or a compound of the general formula H-D-CO-O-SO2-D1-COOH, where D and D1 represent divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon radicals, e.g. acetyl sulphoacetic acid, phosphorus oxychloride or chlorsulphonic acid.  The reaction may be carried out in the presence of a higher-boiling inert organic liquid, e.g. isopropenyl acetate and the recycled reaction products may be employed.  In examples: using apparatus represented by the drawing ketene and acetone containing sulphuric acid (1) or acetylsulphoacetic acid (2) are supplied to vessel 1 through lines 3 and 4, the ketene inlet terminating below the liquid level in the vessel and the liquid reaction products overflow through line 5 into vessel 2 and thence into collector 10.  Vessels 1 and 2 are provided with stirrers and connected by a gas line cooled with an acetone/solid carbon dioxide cooled condenser 7.  Vessel 2 is provided with an exit gas line 8 and condenser 9.  Collector 10 is also connected to the exit gas line.  Isopropenyl acetate is obtained by distillation of the reaction products.
Patent GB-819751-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pantograph current collectors
Inventor: GRAY WILLIAM TRAIN
IPC: B60L5/24
Filed: 1957-01-22
Abstract: 819,751. Pantograph current collectors. METROPOLITAN-VICKERS ELECTRICAL CO. Ltd. Jan. 1, 1958 [Jan. 22, 1957], No. 2289/57. Class 104 (3). In an electric current collector having a collecting shoe CB carried at the apex B when the upper ends of supporting rods 3 are articulated together, the other ends of the rods 3 being connected separately to arms 1 of bellcranks, the short arms 2 of which bell-cranks are interconnected by an equalizing lever E so that rotation of the levers in opposite directions raises or lowers the apex B, a lazy tongs construction 4 is inserted between the bell-crank arms 1 and the support rods 3. The lazy tongs 4 are pivoted together at 4a and one end of each rod of the tongs 4 is connected to a lever arm 1 on one side of the pantograph and the other end of each rod is connected to the end of a supporting rod 3 on the other side of the pantograph.
Patent GB-752223-A (GB)
Title: Device for indicating and recording the distance and speed of travel of motor vehicles
IPC: G01P1/12
Filed: 1954-01-26
Abstract: 752,223. Ink-ribbon mechanism. SIEMENS & HALSKE GES. Jan. 26, 1954 [Feb. 12, 1953; June 17, 1953], No. 2308/54. Class 100 (4). [Also in Group XIX] The ink ribbon 22 of a recording speedometer is attached at one end to a spring 26 and at the other to a tension band 28 passing over a roller 27 and attached to a crank-pin 29 of a crank disc 30 driven by the trip counter of the speedometer so as slowly to reciprocate the ribbon over an ink pad 31 and past the window 25, through which the recordings are made by pointers 8.
Patent GB-785668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the separation of acetylene from gas mixtures
IPC: C07C7/11
Filed: 1956-01-25
Abstract: A process for the separation of acetylene from a gas mixture obtained by cracking hydrocarbons comprises washing the gas mixture in a first stage with an amount of solvent and at a sufficiently low pressure such that only a small quantity of acetylene and diacetylene is absorbed and washing the gas from the first stage in a second stage with a larger amount of the same solvent and at a higher pressure than in the first stage so as to recover acetylene.  The preferred solvent is methylpyrrolidone or butyrolactone.  The first stage may be effected at 1-1 1/2 atmospheres using only 2 per cent of the solvent, and the second stage may be effected at 8-30 atmospheres. In a preferred embodiment, a cracked gas containing 8.1 per cent by volume of acetylene is passed at the rate of 100 cubic metres per hour at a temperature of 19 DEG  C. and at a pressure of 1.1 atmospheres through line A into pre-washer B and at the same time 2 kgs. of butyrolactone is fed into line C.  The residual gas is passed via line D to a compressor Z where it is compressed to 9 atmospheres and then passed to scrubber E containing 1,150 kgs. of butyrolactone. Spent gas is withdrawn through line G and the solvent passes through pipe H into rectification tower I and then through pipe N into the degassing tower O where by heating to 100 DEG  C. and reducing the pressure to 0.2 atmospheres the dissolved gases are liberated and pass through pipe K into the lower end of rectification tower I. Part of the acetylene leaves the tower through pipe I and the product leaves through pipe M.  The degassed solvent is for the most part returned to the washer E while a smaller stream is subjected to redistillation in tower S. Specification 689,444, [Group IV (b)], is referred to.ALSO:A process for the separation of acetylene from a gas mixture obtained by cracking hydrocarbons comprises washing the gas mixture in a first stage with an amount of solvent and at a sufficiently low pressure such that only a small quantity of acetylene and diacetylene is absorbed and washing the gas from the first stage in a second stage with a larger amount of the same solvent and at a higher pressure than in the first stage so as to recover acetylene.  The preferred solvent is methylpyrrolidone or butyrolactone.  The first stage may be effected at 1-1 1/2 atmospheres using only 2 per cent of the solvent, and the second stage may be effected at 8-30 atmospheres.  Specification 689,444 is referred to.
Patent GB-1160192-A (GB)
Title: Electric Cable with Sodium Conductor
IPC: H01B7/06
Filed: 1968-01-17
Abstract: 1,160,192. Extensible cable. KABEL-UND METALLWERKE GUTEHOFFNUNGSHUTTE A.G. 17 Jan., 1968 [17 Jan., 1967], No. 2522/68. Heading H1A. An extensible cable comprises a sodium core and a plastics sheath having tension absorbing means embedded therein. Such means may comprise glass fibres, or helically stranded steel or plastics, e.g. polyamide, wire.
Patent GB-1417611-A (GB)
Title: Tyre-building apparatus
IPC: B29C67/00
Filed: 1973-01-18
Abstract: 1417611 Tyre building apparatus NATIONAL STANDARD CO 18 Jan 1973 [19 Jan 1972] 2620/73 Heading B7C A tyre building apparatus (of which one half is shown in Fig. 1b) is similar to the tire-making apparatus described in Specification 1,361,679 and has a radially expandable intermediate drum assembly 4 having a plurality of circumferentially arranged segments 8 each comprising a plurality of peripherally extending elongate supporting members 62, 63 with the supporting members of adjacent segments always being disposed in interdigital relationship to allow radial expansion of the drum assembly, and means for radially expanding and contracting the drum assembly being provided to enable the supporting members to define supporting surfaces of different radii. When in the collapsed condition the reduced cross-sectional ends 64 of the members 62 of each segment overlap the ends 64 of the members 62 of the next but one segment. As shown, each segment 8 includes a former member having surfaces 61, Fig. 9, for supporting members in the expanded position of the drum assembly. The supporting members 62, 63 have spaced arms 66 provided with inwardly extending flanges 68 which, in the contracted position, engage the outer surface (38<SP>1</SP>), Fig. 2 (not shown), of a guide block 38 to provide a generally cylindrical supporting surface. The axially outer supporting members 63 have flat side surfaces. In the embodiment shown, the ends 64 of the members 62 are of tapered form, although they may be of stepped form (Figs. 17-18a, not shown). The supporting members 62, 63 are moved radially outwards by pusher arms 17 upon appropriate rotation of shaft 26. End drum assemblies 5, 6 each include a tyre bead-core locking and supporting means 80 which comprises a plurality of circumferentially overlapping clamping members 95 which are pivotally mounted on a carrier 138 and are pivoted outwards by supplying fluid pressure through ports 173. Annular sleeves 136 are provided with flanges 102 for supporting an elastic sleeve 36. Each end drum assembly also comprises a carrier 89 on which the carrier 138 is movable axially by spring 162 or by pressure fluid supplied through port 170. The carrier 89 is axially movable as a consequence of expansion or contraction of the intermediate drum assembly 4. The tyre carcass material 7 is maintained under tension by introducing air through the port 170. An inflatable bag 185, Fig. 1b is provided for turning up the sidewall component 206 of the tyre. The interior of the apparatus may be placed under pressure by admitting fluid through a port 202, Fig. 1b. A pusher (210), (Fig. 15, not shown) is provided for placing the tyre bead-core and for engaging the bag 185 to assist turning up of the outer ends of the tyre carcass material. In a modified embodiment (Fig. 19, not shown) the segments (8<SP>1</SP>) are formed with integral support members (220, 222). Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,323,778.
Patent GB-104507-A (GB)
Title: Process for the Treatment of Peat in its Natural State, with the Object of its Ready and Economical Transformation into a Combustible Product, having Properties Resembling those of Coal.
Inventor: GIUSEPPE MONDOLFO
IPC: C10F5/04
Filed: 1917-02-22
Abstract: 104,507. Mondolfo, G. Feb. 26, 1916, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Act]. Peat, preparing.-In a treatment of peat for rendering it suitable for fuel, the peat is first pressed and filtered to separate some of the moisture, and then disintegrated. During or before this process, conglomerating-materials may be added, which may be suitably chosen to increase the heating-power of the peat. It is again pressed and then cut to the required shape and size and dried in a chamber at a temperature not exceeding 60‹ C.
Patent GB-803571-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pneumatic brakes of rail vehicles
IPC: B60T15/18
Filed: 1957-01-24
Abstract: 803,571. Fluid pressure brakes. DANEK, J., and KOVOLIS NARODNI PODNIK. Jan. 24, 1957, No. 2631/57. Class 103 (1). In a control valve device for pneumatic brakes on rail vehicles comprising a control reservoir RK having a substantially constant pressure therein, which is brought into communication with the main air line HP in dependence on the pressure in the brake cylinder BV, which acting in chamber 31, effects through diaphragm 32 and valve 37 communication between the main air line HP and the control reservoir RK, there is provided a non-return valve 30 with a calibrated aperture Y, such non-return valve being operative to permit a rapid falling of the chamber 31 in the event of the air pressure in the brake cylinder BV rising and a slow emptying of the chamber 31 in the event of the pressure in the brake cylinder BV dropping.
Patent GB-194874-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to flue dampers and the like
IPC: F23L13/00
Filed: 1922-01-30
Abstract: 194,874. Crawshaw, E., and Stuart, W. Jan. 30, 1922. Leakage, preventing.-To prevent leakage of air or gases at the hole through which a flue damper slides, the damper 6, Figs. 1 and 4, is pressed against one or more sides of the hole by one cr more resiliently yielding members 2, 11 adapted to slide in guides 1, 12. The members 2, 11 may yield against the action of springs such as 4 or weighted levers. Asbestos pads may be provided on the edges of the members bearing on the damper.
Patent GB-1529928-A (GB)
Title: Three-speed transmission hub for a bicycle
IPC: B62M11/16
Filed: 1976-01-23
Abstract: 1529928 Change-speed gear SHIMANO INDUSTRIAL CO Ltd 23 Jan 1976 [23 Jan 1975 7 Feb 1975] 02741/76 Heading F2D A three-speed bicycle hub comprises a carrier 4 with planets 41 in permanent mesh with both a sun 11 on a fixed spindle 1 and a ring gear 5 movable axially with the carrier for ratio shift, a drive member 2 secured to a sprocket 21 and having pawls 23 and a clutch 22 for driving the carrier, and pawls 42, 53 on the carrier and ring gear, respectively, for co-operation with ratchet teeth 31, 32 in the hub shell 3. As shown, high ratio is established, the carrier being driven by the member 2 and the ring gear driving the shell 3 through the pawls 53. Direct drive is established when the assembly 4, 5 is moved leftwardly against a spring 63 by means 61, 62 to an intermediate position in which the clutch 22 is disengaged, the pawls 53 remain engaged with the teeth 32 and the pawls 23 engage ratchet  teeth 52 in the ring gear. Further leftward movement of the assembly 4, 5 disengages the pawls 53 from the teeth 32 so that low-ratio is established by rotation of the ring gear through the pawls 23 and teeth 52, the pawls 42 driving the hub shell. Coupling of the carrier and ring gear for simultaneous axial movement is by pins 10 projecting radially from the carrier and engaging a groove in the ring gear.
Patent GB-1100668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to photographic apparatus
IPC: G03B17/52
Filed: 1965-03-22
Abstract: 1,100,668. Photographic apparatus. INTERNATIONAL POLAROID CORPORATION. March 22, 1965 [April 8, 1964], No. 2849/67. Divided out of 1,100,666. Heading G2A. A photographic apparatus (e. g. a self-processing camera) has first and second housing sections joined by a hinge 16, and a pair of juxtaposed pressure applying rollers 82, 84 for superposing successive exposed portions of a photo-sensitive sheet 42 with an image receiving sheet 50, and distributing a processing liquid therebetween. Pressure roller 82 is mounted on a member 96 which is movably mounted on a first suppport 56 attached to the first housing section, and pressure roller 84 is mounted on a support 58 attached to the second housing section, the two sections being releasably held together by pins (66) on support 56 engaging slots 78 in support 58; roller 82 is biased towards roller 84 by means of springs 103 which abut a wall 64 of support 56 and engage the movable members 96 on which is mounted roller 82; roller 82 is held adjacent to roller 84 by stub shafts (90) thereon which engage slots (80) in support 58, but the rollers may be separated to enable the sheets 42 and 50 to be loaded into the camera by rotating a lever 114 which is attached by a shaft 112 to a cam 110 which moves member 96 away from roller 84 against the action of springs 103. The apparatus may be used in conjunction with the indexing mechanism described and claimed in Specification 1,100,668.
Patent GB-284859-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for separating and purifying sulpho-acids of high molecular weight
Filed: 1927-02-01
Abstract: 284,859. Petroff, G. Feb. 1, 1927. Sulphonic acids of high molecular weight obtained by sulphonating hydrogenated anthracene, hydrocarbons of the terpene series or turpentine with oleic acid or sulpho-aromaticfatty acids are purified by mixing their solutions in water or water and alcohol with hydrocellulose, wood powder finely ground sawdust or other porous cellulose. The mass is dried at a moderate temperature and extracted successively with benzine, benzene and alcohol. In examples (1) black naphtha-supho-acid obtained from acid tarry matter after the sulphonation of the distillate of spindle oil is mixed with wood powder, dried and extracted with benzine, thus obtaining the oil in the sulpho acids, resinous substances, sulphones and a small portion of the sulpho-acids. The wood powder is then extracted with benzene, obtaining a large portion of pure sulpho-acids soluble in water and a further extraction with alcohol gives a furtherportion of the sulpho-acids; (2) sulpho-acid known as " Idrapidspatter " (octohydroanthracene sulpho-acid) is mixed with hydrocellulose obtained by treating commercial cellulose with naphthasulpho-acids, dried and extracted as in (1).