Patent GB-994643-A (GB)
Title: Method and means of electrostatic coating
IPC: B05B5/12
Filed: 1962-04-11
Abstract: 994,643. Electrostatic spraying; coating apparatus. DE MACHINES ELECTROSTATIQUES S.A. April 11, 1962 [April 14, 1961 (2)], No. 13990/62. Headings B2B and B2F. An electrostatic powder spraying device comprises an inlet for receiving a stream of solid particles suspended in a carrier gas, a discharge orifice, means for shaping said stream into a thin cloud or sheet having a large dimension and a small dimension in cross-section in a plane normal to the general direction of stream flow and ionizing means substantially coextensive with said large dimension for electrostatically charging substantially all the particles throughout the cloud or sheet as it is discharged from the discharge orifice. A nozzle as in Fig. 1, for example, is connected by a screw threaded inlet 5 to a source of pulverulent particles in a carrier gas, controlled, for example, by a gun. The nozzle comprises a conical inner member 2 supported by a spider (or other means) in an outer member 1, the relative dimensions of the inner and outer members leaving a narrow annular flow passage 3. The member 1 is of electrically conductive material and is connected to a high voltage D.C. source. When the gun is operated an annular jet or sheet, effectively ionized throughout, in view of its thinness, issues from the nozzle, which has a sharp tip 4. This embodiment may be modified in two respects, either by the inner member 2 having the sharp tip and being connected to the high voltage or by both members having sharp tips and being connected to high voltage. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 the high voltage electrode is a circular length of wire 8, supported, as shown, from the inner member or, in modifications, supported from the outer member, or from both, or from a separate support. A flat jet is sprayed from a nozzle as shown in Fig. 7, which comprises a pair of spaced plates 12, 13 with flat, sharp outlet edges 14, 15 and both connected to high voltage. A modification of the embodiment, Fig. 11, employs a wire high voltage electrode 8, which, in other modifications, may be sinuous, Fig. 13, or helical. The wire electrode in the Fig. 5 embodiment may also be sinuous or helical, these shapes reducing the maximum distance from any of the particles to a point in the ionizing wire. A large jet may be sprayed through a combination of flat jets, Fig. 14. The inner electrode may take the form of a fan 15, Fig. 15, connected to high voltage, or a spiral metal strip 20, Fig. 18, likewise connected. The embodiment shown in Fig. 20 also provides for a large jet, wherein the inner electrode 2 is well spaced from the outer electrode 1 and the sharp edge 6 of the inner ionizing zone 9 in a different plane from the sharp edge 4 of the outer ionizing zone. A nozzle 38 according to the invention, when used in a spraying installation, Fig. 22, is supplied through a gun 37 from a store of powder 49 in a tank 41. When the trigger 36 of the gun is depressed an inlet valve in the grip 35 is opened, through a flexible line 45, to a source of compressed air, not shown, and allows compressed air to pass, through a line 46, to a small chamber 51 into which powder is metered through a needle valve 50. The air pressure forces powder from the chamber 51 through a line 52 to the gun and thence to the discharge nozzle 38. A riser tube 47 branches off part of the compressed air to the space above the powder 49, so aiding the feed into the chamber 51. The trigger 36 also operates a switch to connect the ionizing element of the nozzle 38, through a flexible conductor 40, with high voltage in a D.C. unit 39. The switch is preferably operated indirectly through a low voltage relay switch powered through a conductor 44. After being sprayed, the articles 31 (chair frames) are passed by a conveyer 32 through a curing oven 34. A continuous wire, instead of a succession of articles, may be similarly sprayed. The spray gun may be adapted to enter a tube and carry at its end a nozzle through which the inner wall of the tube is sprayed.