baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2003513781-A (JP)
Title: ゴルドニア・テレｃｉｐｉ−２１９４による少なくとも１種のエーテルを含む廃液のバクテリア処理方法
IPC: C12S99/00
Filed: 2000-11-09
Abstract: (57)【要約】
【課題】  バクテリア・ゴルドニア・テレＣＩＰ Ｉ−１８８９の増殖期において潜伏期をもつという欠陥を修復する。
【解決手段】  少なくとも１種のエーテル、好ましくは、エチル・tert−ブチルエーテル（ＥＴＢＥ）および／またはメチル・tert−ブチルエーテル（ＭＴＢＥ）および／またはtert−アミルメチルエーテル（ＴＡＭＥ）を含む水性廃液を処理する方法であって、当該エーテル濃度を低下させることを目的とし、少なくとも１種のバクテリア・ゴルドニア・テレ（Gordonia terrae）ＣＩＰ Ｉ−２１９４を増殖基質の存在下に好気性条件下で増殖させ、その廃液中に含まれる上記エーテルを当該基質の存在下にそこで産生された当該バクテリアのバイオマスにより分解する方法。
Patent JP-2003515397-A (JP)
IPC: A61B19/00
Filed: 2000-11-27
Abstract: An apparatus for steering a guidewire and for connecting the guidewire to an extension guidewire. The apparatus includes a steering device for gripping an exterior of the guidewire, the steering device defining a passageway therein through which the guidewire may pass; and a connecting device for connecting the guidewire to the extension guidewire. The connecting device is configured for mating with the steering device to form an integral unit. The invention further includes a method of inserting a guidewire in a body and connecting the guidewire to an extension guidewire. The method includes the steps of: providing an integral guidewire holder and tool for connecting a guidewire to an extension guidewire; gripping the guidewire with the integral guidewire holder; inserting the guidewire into a body lumen; displacing the integral guidewire holder and tool relative to the guidewire so that the proximal end of the guidewire is located in a slot of the integral guidewire holder and tool; inserting an extension guidewire into the slot of the integral guidewire holder and tool; and connecting the guidewire to the extension guidewire. The method further includes the step of aligning the guidewire and extension guidewire in the slot prior to the connecting step.
Patent JP-2003522244-A (JP)
Title: 熱可塑性メタクリル（共）重合体ベースの耐衝撃性組成物
IPC: C08F291/00
Filed: 2001-01-26
Abstract: (57)【要約】
本発明は、熱可塑性耐衝撃性組成物に関するものであり、それは、（Ａ）主としてメタクリル酸メチル単位を含む熱可塑性メタクリル重合体または共重合体Ｐと、（Ｂ）少なくとも１種類の耐衝撃性を高める添加剤と、エラストマー共重合体Ｃ ０ 上の少なくともペンダント位置にグラフトした熱可塑性メタクリル（共）重合体基Ｐを担う少なくとも１種類のグラフトしたエラストマー重合体Ｃとを含み、前記エラストマー共重合体Ｃ ０ が、（ｉ）少なくとも１種類の芳香族ビニルモノマーＣ １ と、（ｉｉ）線状または枝分かれしたＣ １ 〜Ｃ １５ のアクリル酸アルキルと、アルキル基（単数または複数）が１〜４個の炭素原子を有するアクリル酸アルコキシアルキルと、アルキル基（単数または複数）が１〜１５個の炭素原子を有するアクリル酸アラルキルの中から選ばれる少なくとも１つのモノマーＣ ２ および／または少なくとも１つのジエンモノマーＣ ３ と、（ｉｉｉ）場合によってはペンダント型開始官能基（単数または複数）を有する少なくとも１つのエチレン性不飽和モノマーＣ ４ とから得られ、前記モノマーＣ ４ （単数または複数）は、モノマーＣ ３ が存在しないとき必要であり、前記グラフトしたエラストマー共重合体Ｃは、小滴カプセルタイプの単一混在物および／またはサラミタイプの複数混在物の形態を有することができる１０ｎｍから５００ｎｍの大きさのノジュールの形でマトリックスＡ中に分散している。
Patent JP-2003522666-A (JP)
Title: 自動車のオートマチック伝動装置用のシフト・バイ・ワイヤ式のシフト装置
IPC: F16H63/48
Filed: 2001-02-08
Abstract: (57)【要約】
本発明は、自動車のオートマチック伝動装置にシフト命令を力なしに伝達するシフト装置１であって、少なくとも１つのシフト路内に旋回可能に支承されたシフトレバー２と、シフトレバー位置Ｐ，Ｒ，Ｎ，Ｄ...のための検出装置と、オートマチック伝動装置へのシフト命令伝達のための力なしの伝達装置とが設けられており、検出装置及び／又は伝達装置が少なくとも部分的に電気式／電磁式に運転される形式のものにおいて、シフト装置が、シフトレバー２とオートマチック伝動装置との間における機械式の連結のための手段５〜１４を有しており、この手段が、オートマチック伝動装置のパーキング位置のロック解除を実施することができるようになっている。
Patent JP-2003525672-A (JP)
Title: シリコン・チューブで被覆したワイヤーのループからなる泡立て器
IPC: A47J43/10
Filed: 2001-03-01
Abstract: (57)【要約】
【解決手段】  それぞれの両端が握りの内端に固定されている可撓性ワイヤーのループ列から成り、付着防止加工された調理用具と併用できる安全なワイヤー泡立て器。泡立て器のワイヤーからなる各ループをシリコン・チューブで被覆することによって、耐熱性が得られるだけでなく、付着防止コーティングを施した面に対して使用しても磨耗作用が起こらない。シリコン・チューブと内側のワイヤーのループとが協働して、可撓性ワイヤーからなるループの優れた泡立て作用とシリコン面の付着防止および磨耗防止効果とを両立させる。ワイヤーからなるループ及びこれと連携するチューブが、ピアノ泡立て器構造；エッグ泡立て器構造；フラット泡立て器構造；バルーン泡立て器構造；および螺旋ワイヤー構造から成るグループから選択された構造を有する。
Patent JP-2003526101-A (JP)
IPC: G01F1/708
Filed: 2001-03-05
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for measuring volume flow rates of liquid phase components and gas and determination their volume concentrations in a multiphase mixture along a pipeline. Measurements are executed with an ultrasonic system which includes a set of local acoustic transducers arranged in the interior of the pipeline. Each pair of an emitter and a receiver of the transducer forms a sampling volume of a medium being under control. Volume concentrations of mixture components are determined by timing of passage of acoustic pulses through the sampling volume of the medium. Volume flow rates of the mixture components are calculated by measuring phase velocities and volume concentrations in two pipeline divisions with different cross-section areas located in series at a distance one from the other in flow direction.
Patent JP-2003527709-A (JP)
Title: 独立して配置可能なプログラマブルスイッチを有するコンピュータ入力デバイス
IPC: H01H13/04
Filed: 2001-03-07
Abstract: (57)【要約】
コンフィガラブルコンピュータ入力デバイスである。少なくとも１つのスイッチは、面に移動可能に取り付け可能であり、プロセッサと通信する。少なくとも１つの記号が、そのスイッチの操作に割当可能である。その少なくとも１つのスイッチは、その少なくとも１つのスイッチの長さあるいは幅よりも短い距離で再配置可能である。回路は、少なくとも１つの機能をスイッチの操作へ割り当てる少なくとも１つのスイッチと通信する。回路は、その少なくとも１つの機能をホストコンピュータへ送信する。回路は、少なくとも１つのスイッチの操作状態を判定し、かつその操作状態をホストコンピュータへ送信する。
Patent JP-2003533728-A (JP)
Title: 波長分散補償器
IPC: G02B6/34
Filed: 2001-05-18
Abstract: (57)【要約】
波長分散補償器は、複数の波長λ i の光に対する入力（３）と、光を出力するための出力と、入力（３）と出力の間に配置され、かつそれぞれが、波長と共にほぼ周期的に変化する波長分散特性を提示する複数の波長分散要素（１，２）であって、変化が、最大リプル振幅Ａ i を有し、各分散要素（１，２）が、互いの分散要素（１，２）の形式と概ね同じ形式であるが、動作帯域幅にわたって、補償器が、それぞれの最大振幅Ａ i の和より小さい最大リプル振幅を有する波長と共に変化する分散特性全体を提示するように、波長λが変位している分散特性を提示する複数の波長分散要素（１，２）とを備える。
Patent JP-2003533218-A (JP)
IPC: A61P1/04
Filed: 2001-05-14
Abstract: This invention concerns interactions among APRIL/G70, AGP-3/BLYS, BCMA, and TACI and related methods of use and compositions of matter. It has been found that (1) sAPRIL/G70 binds to the cell-surface receptors BCMA and TACI on T and B lymphoma cells, resulting in stimulation of proliferation of primary human and mouse B and T cells both in vitro and in vivo; (2) APRIL competes with AGP3's binding to TACI and BCMA; (3) sBCMA inhibits APRIL and AGP3 binding to its receptors; (4) sBCMA ameliorates T cell dependent and T cell independent humoral immune responses in vivo; (5) sTACI inhibits APRIL and AGP3 binding to its receptors and ameliorates T cell dependent and T cell independent humoral immune responses in vivo; and (6) BCMA exhibits similarity with TACI within a single cysteine rich domain located N-terminal to a potential transmembrane domain. These discoveries provides a strategy for development of therapeutics for treatment of autoimmune diseases, and cancer, for prevention of transplant rejection. Disease states and disease parameters associated with APRIL and AGP-3 may be affected by modulation of BCMA or TACI; disease states and parameters associated with TACI can be affected by modulation of APRIL; disease states and parameters can be affected by modulation of any of TACI, BCMA, APRIL and AGP-3 by a single therapeutic agent or two or more therapeutic agents together.
Patent JP-2003203051-A (JP)
Title: Security measure execution device and method, security measure execution program, and storage medium with the program stored therein
Inventor: SANAI DAIJI
IPC: G06F21/57
Filed: 2002-01-07
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new security measure technique for realizing the security of a computer by clearing a fragile password.  <P>SOLUTION: User identifier information registered in a computer of a measure object is acquired, a fragile password is generated on the basis of this, and the user identifier information and the fragile password are designated to try the log-on to the computer of the measure object, whereby it is checked whether the password registered in the computer of the measure object is fragile or not. When the registration of the fragile password is judged, the registered fragile password is rewritten, whereby the use of the computer by a user using the fragile password is obstructed. Accordingly, the problem resulted from the fragile password can be prevented, and the fragile password can be cleared.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003201100-A (JP)
Title: Safety device for working vehicle
Inventor: ANZAI KOICHI
IPC: B66F9/24
Filed: 2002-01-09
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safety device for a working vehicle with a power takeoff mechanism (PTO) to be operated only when a vehicle is in a stopped condition.  <P>SOLUTION: The safety device comprises the power takeoff mechanism (PTO) for allowing the transmission of the driving force of an engine, necessary for a hydraulic pump to be driven and as a driving source for a body to travel, to the hydraulic pump and a gear-shift condition detector for detecting the shifted condition of a gear-shift mechanism. When the gear-shift condition detector detects that the gear-shift mechanism does not transmit the driving force of the engine to a travelling device, the PTO can be operated on, and when the gear-shift condition detector detects such a travelling condition that the gear-shift mechanism transmits the output of the engine to the travelling device, the PTO is operated off. Thus, even when the PTO is on, the PTO can by operated off by the shift of the gear-shift mechanism into the travelling condition, and so the PTO is prevented from being operated on when the working vehicle is in the travelling condition and the PTO and the hydraulic pump are prevented from being broken.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003201826-A (JP)
Title: Exhaust emission control device of diesel engine
Inventor: ADACHI TAKAYUKI
IPC: F01N3/02
Filed: 2002-01-09
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust emission control device for a diesel engine which purifies the exhaust gas in good performance using a trap filter of catalyzed continuous regeneration type, while demerits with such a trap filter of conventional arrangement are eliminated.  <P>SOLUTION: In a casing where a downstream exhaust pipe is fitted to one end and an upstream exhaust pipe is fitted to the side face in its position nearer the downstream exhaust pipe, the trap filter whose surface is coated with an oxidizing catalyst is installed in such a way that a gap is reserved with respect to the casing through a supporting member and the space between the periphery of the trap filter on its outlet end face side and the casing is blocked, so that the exhaust gas having flowed into the casing from the upstream exhaust pipe can flow in along the periphery of the trap filter to the inlet end face, whereby the exhaust gas having flowed down inside the trap filter flows out via the downstream exhaust pipe from the outlet end face of the filter.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003199499-A (JP)
Title: Frozen desert and method for producing the same
Inventor: MAEDA TATSUYA
IPC: A23G9/44
Filed: 2002-01-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new frozen desert having a spring texture, a threadly property, and deep and smooth palatability.  <P>SOLUTION: This frozen desert comprises 0.1-3.0 wt.% guar gum, 0.05-5.0 wt.% modified tapioca starch and has 30-50 wt.% solid and 0-60% overrun and, thereby, has glutinousness and stringy property. The method comprises dissolving and mixing raw materials comprising 0.1-3.0 wt.% guar gum and 0.05-5.0 wt.% modified tapioca starch, heating and stirring the obtained, homogenizing the resultant, sterilizing and, by an ice cream freezer, cooling to have 0-60% overrun.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003207326-A (JP)
Title: Lead shape inspection device for pc card connector and smt connector
Inventor: KIKUCHI SHIN
IPC: G01B11/30
Filed: 2002-01-10
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simultaneously perform the measurement of the coplanarity and pitch of a lead terminal part by means of transmitted illumination.  <P>SOLUTION: A PC card connector 2 is placed on an inspection stage 1, and a light diffusing member 3 is raised so that a flat plate part 7 is inserted between the molded part 5 and lead terminal part 6 of the PC card connector 2. A beam of light from a light source 4 is cast onto a light reception part 8, and the transmitted image of the lead terminal part 6 is photographed by a photographing device 11 using the diffused light 10 from the flat plate part 7, and the output signal is fed to a data processing device 12 to serve for measurement of the coplanarity and pitch of the lead terminal part 6.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003219667-A (JP)
Title: Driving method of piezoelectric actuator, drive control circuit of piezoelectric actuator, clock and portable electronic apparatus
Inventor: FURUHATA MAKOTO
IPC: H02N2/00
Filed: 2002-01-17
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the power required for driving a piezoelectric actuator.  <P>SOLUTION: A drive control circuit 82 controls a drive circuit 80 such that a positive voltage is applied to a piezoelectric actuator A1 only during a drive interval R<SB>2</SB>where kinetic energy must be transmitted to a rotor 100 in a period where the protrusion 36 of the piezoelectric actuator A1 is touching the rotor 100.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003207254-A (JP)
Title: Electric refrigerator
Inventor: TANIGUCHI KATSUSHI
IPC: F25D21/04
Filed: 2002-01-18
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric refrigerator disusing an outer box pipe, reducing a material cost and assembling manhours, preventing the inflow of heat into a storage from the outer box pipe, improving cooling efficiency, further reducing electric power consumption, and reducing a cost by leaving the role of the outer box pipe for preventing dewing of a front opening peripheral edge part of a heat insulating box body to a heat radiating pipe arranged on respective side surfaces of the heat insulating box body also serving as a condenser for constituting a refrigerating cycle of the electric refrigerator.  <P>SOLUTION: An extension part 10a extended in the direction of the front opening peripheral edge part 1a is arranged in a front opening peripheral edge part 1a side straight pipe part 10' of the heat radiating pipe 10 arranged by being folded back several times on the side surface one side of the heat insulating box body 1. The extended straight pipe part 10' is arranged in the vicinity of the front opening peripheral edge part 1a, and the heat radiating pipe 11 of the other side surface and an outer box pipe part 15' (a part of a pipe to the front opening peripheral edge part 1a) are integrally formed so as to allow the heat radiating pipes 10 and 11 to also serve as a role of the outer box pipe.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003217064-A (JP)
Title: Sensor signal processing unit and sensor signal processing method
Inventor: WATANABE HIKARI
IPC: H03M1/78
Filed: 2002-01-21
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reconcile simplification of a device and quickness of processing by quickly processing respective signals supplied from a plurality of sensor elements without using many telecommunications lines in a sensor signal processing unit and a sensor signal processing method.  <P>SOLUTION: This sensor signal processing unit 20 is provided with three sensor elements 22 to 26 for outputting an analog signal according to an analog quantity. A 4-bit digital data train of parallelly superimposing respective 1-bit digital data on the basis of output of the respective sensor elements 22 to 26, and parallelly superimposing a clock pulse signal with a trigger as a reference, is converted into analog voltage having a level of a 2<SP>(3+1)</SP>(=16) value between earth voltage '0' and reference voltage VCC. The analog voltage is supplied to a microcomputer 46 via a single telecommunication line 48 from a sensor signal processing IC 28, and is demodulated and converted into the 4-bit digital data train by an A/D converter 50 of the microcomputer 46.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003215543-A (JP)
Title: Liquid crystal panel having photodetecting function and control method therefor
Inventor: KI YUTEI
IPC: G09G3/36
Filed: 2002-01-22
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal panel having a photodetecting function capable of automatically adjusting the brightness of the liquid crystal panel according to the brightness of ambient light, and reducing a degree of eye fatigue when a user operates the panel, and to provide a control method therefor.  <P>SOLUTION: The liquid crystal panel is provided with a photodetecting means 11, and an optical processing module 2; the optical processing module comprises a memory means 21, a microprocessor 22, a driving unit 23, and a display unit 24; among them, the memory means stores an optical set value; the microprocessor compares an optical detection value outputted from the photodetecting means with the optical set value stored in the memory means and also outputs a control signal; the driving unit receives the control signal outputted from the microprocessor; and the display unit is connected with the driving unit and receives the driving signal.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003210352-A (JP)
Title: Sheet for cleaning body, method of cleaning body and shampooing method
Inventor: ANDO JUNKO
IPC: A45D19/00
Filed: 2002-01-23
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheet for cleaning the body which enables a nursing person to easily and sufficiently clean the body in hospitals or welfare facilities for nursing care and even on a bed in home care, a method of cleaning the body and a shampooing method.  <P>SOLUTION: The sheet 1 for cleaning is covered with a waterproof sheet 3 having an absorbent 2 of an approximately oblong configuration longer in lateral length than longitudinal length and consisting of waterproof material on one side and is provided with a waterproof bag 4 on the side which is one end in a transverse direction and is held covered by the waterproof sheet 3.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003211631-A (JP)
Title: Stencil printing method and device therefor
Inventor: SAITO SUSUMU
IPC: B41F15/08
Filed: 2002-01-24
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stencil printing method and a device therefor, by which printing inferiority such as blot or faint or the like is prevented.  <P>SOLUTION: A stencil is superposed on a specified position on a substrate, a squeegee is made to move along the top surface of the stencil and solder paste is filled in the pattern opening part of the stencil. Then, the substrate is separated from the stencil and the solder paste is printed on the substrate. In the state having the pattern opening part of the stencil filled with the solder paste, the substrate is separated from the stencil after the hold time set previously elapses.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003213999-A (JP)
Title: Wireless door locking device
Inventor: SEKO TAKATOSHI
IPC: B60R25/34
Filed: 2002-01-25
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wireless door locking device, by which a portable machine and a receiver are miniaturized and lightened and their costs are reduced and their power consumptions are decreased and in which the certainty, safety and protective capacity of a door locking are improved, a door-locking operation can be recognized visually and a convenience on a usage is enhanced.  <P>SOLUTION: The wireless door locking device has the portable machine 1 having a transmission function and the receiver 3 having a reception function, and a controller receiving the signals of the portable machine 1 and the receiver 3 and being capable of controlling the locking-unlocking operation and locking- unlocking display of a door-lock actuator 6 for a car 2. A door-lock locking can be displayed before the locking operation of the door-lock actuator 6 in the case of the door-lock locking.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003223574-A (JP)
Title: Transportation means deciding method by auction
Inventor: MORI TAKAAKI
IPC: G06Q30/06
Filed: 2002-01-31
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize further efficient transportation by solving a problem that transportation is carried out with non-loaded space left in conventional transportation and by finding out transporting articles of a customer matching the non-loaded space.  <P>SOLUTION: The purpose can be accomplished by a transportation means deciding method by auction by providing air freight information and track information to a transportation client demanding the transportation of a package by using a computer system.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003221969-A (JP)
Title: Single arm type window lifter
Inventor: ICHIKAWA YASUHIRO
IPC: E05F11/38
Filed: 2002-01-31
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve waterproofness and dustproofness in a single arm type window lifter while inhibiting the increase of the number of parts, and to enhance reliability on the side of the mechanical strength of a casing.  <P>SOLUTION: In the single arm type window lifter moving up and down a window pane by rocking an arm by a motor, a casing 2 is composed of a base 20 consisting of a main wall 22 and a peripheral wall 23 installed around the main wall, a base cover 25 mounted at one end section of the peripheral wall 23 on one surface side of the base and a cap disposed at the other end section of the peripheral wall 23 on the opposite surface side of the base. In the lifter, a planet gear mechanism 4 is finished interiorly into the casing while the cap is formed integrally together with the base end section 51 of the arm 5. Waterproofness and dustproofness in the casing are ensured by the base end section 51, and the increase of the number of parts is inhibited. Waterproofness and dustproofness are further enhanced by securing a flange section 515 covering the peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 23 to the cap (the base end section 51 of the arm).  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003220820-A (JP)
Title: Vehicular air conditioner
Inventor: DOI NOBUYUKI
IPC: B60H1/00
Filed: 2002-01-31
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicular air conditioner capable of securing blowing performance for blowing to a center face blowout hole and a side face blowout hole without enlarging ducts 4, 5 in the vertical directions of the vehicle.  <P>SOLUTION: A side face opening portion 30 is arranged at roughly the center of the lateral directions of the vehicle of an air conditioning case 11 and a center face opening portion 22 is arranged on the outside of the lateral directions of the vehicle relative to the side face opening portion 30. Thus, the center face duct 4 and the side face duct 5 can be handled by a simple channel to simplify the duct shape to secure a sufficient passage area without enlarging the duct in the vertical directions of the vehicle. Thereby, the blowing performance for blowing to the center face blowout hole and the side face blowout hole can be secured sufficiently.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Patent JP-2003229262-A (JP)
Title: Test method of short-circuited pixel of organic el panel, and test device of the same
Inventor: NAITO HISATSUGU
IPC: H01L51/50
Filed: 2002-01-31
Abstract: <P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a test method of a short-circuited pixel of an organic EL panel capable of easily and simply test the short-circuited pixel.  <P>SOLUTION: A direct current voltage for testing the short-circuited pixel, generated at a direct current source 18B, is impressed between a plurality of positive electrodes 13 exposed at the side end part of the organic EL panel 11 and a plurality of negative electrodes 17 with a polarity reversed from that at the light emission, namely, the voltage is impressed by reversing the positive side and negative side. As the voltage with reversed polarity is impressed, current does not flow through the normal pixels G and ammeters 21, 22 do not work. On the contrary, when a short-circuited pixel exists, as the current of the direct current source 18B flows, the existence of the short-circuited pixel and its coordinate can be detected with the two ammeters 21, 22.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO