Patent GB-767771-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the treatment of textile materials to obtain improved antistatic and elastic properties
IPC: D06M13/224
Filed: 1954-09-23
Abstract: Textile materials are treated with an aqueous emulsion containing lanolin, a cationic emulsifying agent and a non-ionic emulsifying agent, the emulsion being stable in the absence of the textile material, and deposition of lanolin upon the textile material is caused by the addition of an alkali or an anionic emulsifying agent. The textile material may be composed of nylon, polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, viscose and cuprammonium rayon, polyvinylidene chloride, cellulose acetate, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, a 40/60 copolymer of acrylonitrile and vinyl chloride, proteins and blends thereof, or cotton, linen, wool or silk and blends thereof.  The cationic emulsifying agent may be a quaternary ammonium salt having one or two straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chains having from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, the other valencies of the nitrogen atom being satisfied with benzyl or straight or branched chain alkyl groups having not more than 7 carbon atoms and the salt being a chloride, bromide, fluoride, sulphate or phosphate.  The cationic emulsifying agent may also be a salt of a mono -, di -, or tri-amine having a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain of 14 to 24 carbon atoms and acetic, formic or lactic acid.  The non-ionic emulsifying agent may be a polymerized monoglyceride of a straight or branched chain aliphatic acid having from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, sorbitan monostearate or an alkyl phenoxypolyoxyethylene wherein the alkyl group contains from 14 to 24 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain.  The alkali may be sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or sodium borate, and the anionic emulsifying agent may be neutralized sulphonated castor, olive or corn oil, a sodium or potassium soap of tallow or olive oil, an alkyl aryl sulphonate in which the alkyl group is a straight or branched chain of 10 to 24 carbon atoms and the aryl group is benzene, toluene or naphthalene, a sodium or potassium salt of a sulphonated alcohol having a straight or branched chain of 10 to 24 carbon atoms, a condensation product of a straight or branched chain fatty acid having from 10 to 24 carbon atoms with an alkylamine having not over 5 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups or a sulphated fatty acid ester derived from a straight or branched chain acid of 10 to 24 carbon atoms and a straight or branched chain alcohol having not more than 6 carbon atoms.  The alkali or anionic agent may be applied to the material in a rinse after dyeing and may be carried entrained in the material to the lanolin bath, or it may be added to a treating bath before or after the lanolin to provide an unstable bath from which the lanolin will precipitate upon the material.  The treating bath may have a pH of 7.5 to 10 to precipitate the lanolin and a temperature of 80 DEG  to 120 DEG F.  The treating bath may also contain a resin or other finishing agent.  The textile materials may be in the form of staple or continuous fibres, slubbing, tow, sliver, yarn, fabric or garments.ALSO:An emulsion for treating textiles comprises lanolin, a cationic emulsifier and a non-ionic emulsifier.  The cationic emulsifier may be a quaternary ammonium chloride, bromide, fluoride, sulphate or phosphate having one or two straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups of 14 to 24 carbon atoms, the remaining nitrogen valencies being satisfied with benzyl or straight or branched chain alkyl groups having not more than 7 carbon atoms.  The cationic emulsifier may also be an acetic, formic or lactic acid salt of mono-, di-, or triamine having a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon group of 14 to 24 carbon atoms.  The non-ionic emulsifier may be a polymerized mono-glyceride of a straight of branched chain aliphatic acid having from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, sorbitan monostearate or an alkyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene wherein the alkyl group contains 14 to 24 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain.  The lanoline is precipitated upon the textile material by rendering the emulsion unstable by adding an anionic emulsifying agent or by treating the textile first with an anionic emulsifier and then with the composition.  The anionic emulsifier may be neutralized sulphonated castor, olive or corn oil, a sodium or potassium soap of tallow or olive oil, an alkylaryl sulphonate in which the alkyl group is a branched or straight chain of 10 to 24 carbon atoms and the aryl group is benzene, toluene or naphthalene, a sodium or potassium salt of a sulphonated alcohol having straight or branched chain of 10 to 24 carbon atoms, a condensation product of a straight or branched chain fatty acid having from 10 to 24 carbon atoms with an alkylolamine having not more than 5 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups or a sulphated fatty acid ester derived from a straight or branched chain acid of 10 to 24 carbon atoms and a straight or branched chain alcohol having not more than 6 carbon atoms.