baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-271611-A (GB)
Abstract: 271,611. Tugwood, R. J., (Lampen-u Metallwaren-Fabriken R. Ditmar Geb. Br³nner Akt.-Ges.). April 13, 1926. Ornamenting.-A reflecting layer is applied to a base plate of glass or marble which is then coated, while horizontal, with celluloid or gelatine. The coating is dried in a vertical position and is then stripped off, forming a flexible mirror. A second backing layer, which may incorporate a flexible reinforcement, may be applied before or after the stripping operation. The coating may be opaque or translucent and in the latter case ornamental designs or advertisements may be applied thereto and illumined from the rear, or such designs may be applied to the reflecting face. A transparent or coloured protecting varnish may be applied by dipping. The reflective sheets may be cut or stamped and employed for decorative purposes. Specification 1284/92 is referred to.
Patent GB-816047-A (GB)
Title: Process for refining crude silicon
IPC: C01B33/037
Filed: 1955-09-23
Abstract: Crude silicon obtained in an electric furnace process and containing iron, aluminium, calcium, magnesium, and manganese silicide is purified by the following steps: (a) converting the crude silica to finely-divided form, e.g. to less than 80 mesh; (b) treating the finely-divided crude silica with water at a temperature of preferably 50-80 DEG  C., more preferably 60-65 DEG  C., until substantially all the magnesium silicide is decomposed; (c) agitating the watertreated silicon with an aqueous mineral acid solution without heating, the acid concentration being increased from 0 to 16 gm./l. within a period of not less than 3 hrs., and the amount of silicon being treated being less than 80 gm./l., preferably 60 gm./l., of the acid solution; and (d) increasing the temperature and concentration of the acid.  Acids specified are hydrochloric, sulphuric, nitric, and hydrofluoric acid, and mixtures thereof.  The concentration of hydrochloric acid may be increased to 300 gm./l.  The temperature may be increased to 90-96 DEG  C.  The treatment may last 48 hours.  The main treatment may be followed by one with a solution of hydrofluoric acid, optionally containing hydrochloric and/or sulphuric acid.  A solution may be used containing 200 gm./l. of hydrochloric acid and up to 20 gm./l., preferably 6 gm./l., of hydrofluoric acid, at a temperature rising from room temperature to 90-95 DEG  C. Alternatively or in addition, 200 gm./l. of hydrochloric acid and up to 300 gm./l. of hydrofluoric acid may be mixed with the silicon, each in an amount of 10-20 per cent of the silicon, to form a paste. When using the additional treatments the main treatment may be restricted but should be continued until the possibility of explosion has passed.  The treatment after this critical period may be carried out in an autoclave.  After the treatment the silicon is washed with water, e.g. at 60-65 DEG  C., and dried, e.g. at 75-80 DEG  C. Carbon may be removed by a pretreatment comprising heating the crude silicon with an iron oxide, e.g. magnetite, in the absence of air at 900-930 DEG  C.  The crude silicon may be degassed in known manner.
Patent GB-723715-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of fluorochlorethylenes
IPC: C07C17/25
Filed: 1952-10-29
Abstract: Fluorochloroethylenes are made by passing vaporized fluorochlorethanes over heated surfaces.  Substances having large surfaces are preferred, e.g. active carbon and silica gel, and activators, e.g. metal salts such as chlorides and particularly alkaline earth metal or copper chlorides may be present. Specified temperatures are 200-300 DEG  C. or higher.  In examples 1-fluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrachlorethane is passed through (1) a copper p tube containing copper turnings at 470 DEG  C. to yield fluoro-trichlorethylene; (2) active carbon containing barium chloride at 300 DEG  C. to yield fluoro-trichlorethylene; and (3) active carbon containing strontium chloride at 240 DEG  C. to yield 1,1-difluoro-2,2-dichlorethylene.
Patent GB-944313-A (GB)
Title: Process for the photochemical oxidation of no to no
IPC: C10K3/00
Filed: 1961-07-27
Abstract: Nitric oxide is oxidized to nitrogen peroxide in the presence of oxygen and one or more diolefines by irradiation of the mixture with ultra-violet light of wavelengths 2000<\>rA and above.  Dienes used are 1-3 butadiene, 1-2 butadiene, trans 1-3 pentadiene, cis 1-3 pentadiene and 1-3 cyclopentadiene, and wavelengths of 2050-3500<\>rA, depending on the diene.  The invention may be used to determine the amount of NO present in gases or to remove NO from these gases, e.g. coal gas or nitrogen, diolefines being added to the mixture if these are not already present, or present in insufficient amount.ALSO:Nitric oxide present in coal gas or coke oven gas is oxidized in the presence of oxygen and one or more diolefines by irradiation of the gas with ultra-violet light of wavelengths 2000 <\>rA and above.  The NO2, or gums formed by reaction with NO2, are removed by oil washing. Diolefines are added to the gas if these are not already present, or present in insufficient amount.  Dienes noted are 1-3 butadiene, 1-2 butadiene, trans 1-3 pentadiene, cis 1-3 pentadiene, and 1-3 cyclopentadiene, and wavelengths of 2050-3500 <\>rA depending on the diene.
Patent GB-736390-A (GB)
Title: Hygienic compositions
IPC: A61K9/06
Filed: 1953-10-06
Abstract: A disinfectant, medicinal, veterinary, shamppoo and dental hygienic composition contains trichloracetic acid together with salicylic acid or an alkali metal salicylate or sulpho salicylic acid, the amount of trichloracetic acid being greater than the amount of the second substance and preferably in the ratio of 12 : 1 to about 12 : 2.  The mixture is preferably used as dilutions or dispersions in liquid, e.g. mainly aqueous, mainly alcoholic, mainly hydroalcoholic or mainly oily, pasty or solid carriers in which the trichloracetic acid content is preferably 3 to 15 per cent.  The composition using a mainly aqueous or mainly oily carrier and having a trichloracetic acid content of about 3 per cent may be employed, preferably with perfume added, on the body to protect skin and mucous membranes against infection.  When the carrier is mainly aqueous the composition is used for tooth hygiene, a disinfectant for buildings &c. and as a sheep dip or pediluvium, and may further contain a water-soluble detergent, preferably of the active anion type, e.g. a mixture of sodium alkyl sulphonates containing from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably in the proportion of about 6 per cent or more by weight with perfume when it may be employed as a shampoo.  The carrier may also be a soap preferably derived from a fatty acid or the conventional components of tooth paste and soaps to provide a tooth hygienic composition.  An example of an aqueous solution for treating bovines orally is crystallized trichloracetic acid 30 g., salicylic acid or sodium salicylate or sulfo salicylic acid 2.5 g., Glycerol 60 g., with water, to make up 1000 g.  An example of an oily solution for treating the animal's body and litter is crystallized trichloracetic acid 30 g., salicylic acid 2.5 g., dimethyl phthalate 5 g., ether 200 g. with vegetable oil to make up 1000 g.
Patent GB-1101349-A (GB)
Title: Connectors for the outer casings of flexible drive cable assemblies
Inventor: TILBURY RICHARD GEORGE
IPC: F16C1/12
Filed: 1964-07-02
Abstract: 1,101,349. Flexible shafts; tube joints. S. SMITH & SONS (ENGLAND) Ltd. 2 July, 1965 [2 July, 1964], No. 27414/64. Headings F2G, F2K and F2U. A connector for the outer casing of a flexible drive shaft 10, transmitting linear or, as in a flexible shaft assembly between a vehicle gearbox and speedometer, rotary motion, comprises a nylon sleeve 18 moulded or cast on to the outer casing and having outwardly flaring prongs 21 encircled by a collar 23 which is axially movable to press the prongs inwardly against a member to which the outer casing is to be connected. The outer casing comprises helically wound flat metal strip 11 covered with an outer layer 12 of P.V.C. The nylon sleeve 18 presses the P.V.C. layer into the space between the helical strip. The prongs 21 may engage the screw-threads of a conventional spigot of a device to which the outer easing is connected, may have inturned ends to engage in a groove in the spigot, or may be ribbed or provided with projections to engage the outer casing of a second flexible shaft. The shaft 10 may have a moulded-on square-section male or female coupling member or an integral male square end. The collar 23 may be a split resilient collar. A dirt or moisture-sealing sleeve or rubber or P.V.C. may be fitted to extend between the outer casing and the outer member of the structure co-operating with the sleeve 18. As shown, the sleeve 18, connecting together the outer casings 12, 25 respectively of two flexible drive shafts 10, 24, has an inner wall 19 and an internal step from which project four prongs 21 provided with inner projections 22 and presenting an increasing outside diameter and an end section of constant outside diameter. The outer casings 12, 25 and the shafts 10, 24 have, at their ends remote from the sleeve 18, moulded-on sleeves carrying captive nuts and integral and moulded-on square-section male coupling ends. The ends of the shafts 10, 24 coupled within the sleeve 18 have respectively a moulded-on square socket 16 and a moulded-on or integral square male end 26. The moulded-on sleeve and captive nut at the end of the outer casing 12 remote from the sleeve 18 may be replaced by the connector according to the invention. The shafts 10, 24 are respectively axially located by the engagement of the socket 16 and the inner wall 19 and a similar engagement of parts within the moulded-on sleeve of the outer casing 25. Injection moulding may be used for the sleeve 18 and the socket 16. The shaft may comprise a core around which steel wire is helically wound. To ensure full insertion of the shaft 24 in the socket 16 the outer casing 25 carries a mark to be aligned with the ends of the prongs 21. The sleeve 18 may have an integrally moulded annular internal projection near the base of the prongs to form a dirt-seal with a co-operating spigot.
Patent GB-1268320-A (GB)
Title: Pharmaceutical compositions
Inventor: MORSE LEWIS DAVID
IPC: A61K9/50
Filed: 1970-06-08
Abstract: 1,268,320. Encapsulated indomethacin. MERCK & CO. Inc. 8 June, 1970 [12 June, 1969], No. 27547/70. Heading A5B. [Also in Division B8] To obtain a material affording delayed or sustained release of the active substance, particles of indomethacin are encapsulated by polymer/polymer incompatibility coacervation, either of gelatin-gum arabic from aqueous solution or of ethyl cellulose-polyethylene from cyclohexane solution. The indomethacin particles are suspended in the solutions of encapsulating material and encapsulation is induced by cooling from an initially high temperature (55C. for the aqueous solution, 80C for the cyclohexane solution), the gelatingum arabic capsules being subsequently hardened by treatment with glutaraldehyde.
Patent GB-1017668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rotary regenerative heat exchangers
Inventor: HAZZARD NOEL DAVID
IPC: F28D19/04
Filed: 1962-07-18
Abstract: 1,017,668. Thermal regenerators. SVENSKA ROTOR MASKINER A.B. July 18, 1962, No. 27564/62. Heading F4K. The heat transfer mass of a rotary thermal regenerator is made by applying a layer 48 of resilient ceramic material (e.g. asbestos and silica fibres) to the radial and arcuate surfaces of each of a number of sector-shaped ceramic blocks 42 each formed with the usual fluid passageways, assembling the blocks about a common centre so as to leave a radially extending space between neighbouring blocks, and finally pouring a castable ceramic material into the said radial spaces and also into an annular space formed around the block assembly by means such as a mould or former. When set, the castable material grips the outer layers of the resilient ceramic material and hence bonds the assembly into a cylindrical mass. The cast ceramic material forms a shell 8 and radially extending partitions 46 dividing the shell into sector-shaped compartments each containing one of the blocks, each block, owing to the layer of resilient material being capable of movement within its compartment to accommodate thermal expansion. Specification 1,017,774 is referred to.
Patent GB-701685-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of improving iron or steel surfaces
IPC: C23C8/28
Filed: 1952-04-04
Abstract: Iron and steel surfaces are treated at 550-750 DEG C. with a sulphurising gas, diluted in a reducing or neutral carrier gas, in the presence of a nitrogenising gas or vapour.  The sulphurising gas may be sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, carbon disulphide, a mercaptan, mono-or dihydrosulphuric ether, or a gas obtained by the cracking of disulphite lyes.  The carrier gas may be hydrogen, carbon monoxide, cyanogen, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon, ammonia, or nitrogen and the nitrogenising gas ammonia or a cyanogen derivative.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the treatment of metal surfaces generally by the action of hot gaseous sulphur compounds.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-535588-A (GB)
Title: Coating coal
IPC: C10L9/10
Filed: 1939-10-12
Abstract: 535,588. Fuel. FIFE, H. R. Oct. 12, 1939, No. 27755. [Class 50] [Also in Group III] A petroleum composition for spraying upon coal or like fuel to form a protective coating or binding consists of petroleum oil having a viscosity within the range of 50 to 150 Saybolt seconds at 60‹-100‹F. charged with added amorphous petroleum wax in a quantity such that the oil will, at least partially, gel at normal room temperature, but will remain capable of being sprayed at normal room temperature and of initially flowing rapidly over the surface of the fuel. The wax may be added in quantities up to 15 per cent. of the total weight of the blend. In examples the wax is added in the form of crude petrolatum containing approximately 50 per cent. paraffin wax. The composition may be sprayed on to the coal at pressures up to 400 lb. per square inch. Specifications 504,945 and 535,589 are referred to.
Patent GB-795913-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for emptying milk cans
IPC: B65G65/23
Filed: 1955-09-30
Abstract: 795,913. Tipping milk cans. VENNOOTSCRAP ONDER DE FIRMA INDUSTRIEEN HANDELSONDERNEMING LANFERS & CO. Sept. 30, 1955 [Sept. 30, 1954], No. 27840/55. Class 78 (4). A rotatable frame 1 receives milk cans from a conveyer 4, tips them about a stop 6 so discharging them into a shoot 7, and then deposits them in an inverted position on a further conveyer 5. The frame is provided with carriers 11 which, during rotation of frame 1, are pivoted about axes 8a, by the engagement of rollers 12a with a stationary cam track 13 to control the emptying action. Each carrier is also pivoted about an axis 9 when it strikes a fixed abutment (not shown) at the top of its movement so freeing the can for movement along conveyer 5; a further fixed abutment (also not shown) being provided to return each carrier to its own can engaging position when it reaches the bottom of its movement. The frame 1 is supported by rollers 2 and is rotated by a pinion 3 engaging teeth (not shown) on the rim of the frame.
Patent GB-789907-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the marking of heat-stable objects
Inventor: MAUNDER CLAUDE ALFRED
IPC: B41F19/06
Filed: 1955-09-30
Abstract: 789,907. Printing processes. MASSON SEELEY & CO., Ltd. Aug. 24, 1956 [Sept. 30, 1955], No. 27933/55. Class 100(2) A method of marking heat-stable objects made of metal or of materials of comparable hardness by a blocking or heat transfer operation comprises the steps of preheating the object to be marked applying a blocking or transfer foil thereto and causing the desired marking to be transferred to the objects by application to the foil of a cold die made of a hard but resilient material. Preferably, the die is made of a thermo-setting plastic such as a phenol-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde plastic. The objects to be marked are preheated to such a temperature that during the heat transfer operation, they have a temperature within the range of 100‹C to 130‹C and preferably 110‹C to 120‹C. The objects to be marked may be preheated by passage through a heated chamber, tunnel or runway. The blocking or transfer foil ' may comprise glassine paper or regenerated cellulose coated with a thermo-plastic layer, which may be pigmented, and which is transferable under the combined action of heat and pressure.
Patent GB-799351-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the removal of condensible impurity from gases, and apparatus therefor
IPC: B01D51/10
Filed: 1955-09-30
Abstract: 799,351. Cold separation of gas mixtures. STAMICARBON N. V. Sept. 30, 1955 [Oct. 1, 1954], No. 27939/55. Class 8(2). In a process for condensing impurities from a gas mixture e.g., nitrogen and argon from hydrogen prior to the separation of the deuterium content of the hydrogen comprising passing the crude hydrogen alternatively through sets of regenerators 1, 2 and 3, 4, Fig. 1, or reversing heat exchangers the regenerator 3, 4 not in use being simultaneously scavenged by a reverse flow of flushing hydrogen, the crude hydrogen traversing the regenerators 1, 2 also flows in countercurrent heat exchange with colder hydrogen in ducts b of the regenerators and the flushing hydrogen also flows in countercurrent heat exchange with warmer hydrogen in ducts c of the regenerators and the flow of at least one of these countercurrents is so varied that the temperature at any place in the regenerator or regenerators is on average lower during a deposition period than the average temperature at that place during evaporation. In operation a washing cycle is divided into four periods. In the first crude hydrogen at about 65‹K and 12 atm. pressure pans from ducts g through previously cooled packed spaces a of regenerators 1, 2 in countercurrent to colder low pressure hydrogen at 1À3 atm. in ducts b supplied from ducts e; the counterflow through duct b of regenerator 2 being less than that through duct b of regenerator 1 resulting in a fall in temperature of the latter and a rise in the former. Similarly the amount of warm hydrogen at 100 atm. pressure traversing a duct c of regenerator 4 in countercurrent heat exchange with cold flushing hydrogen at 12 atm. pressure passing from a duct h through the contaminated space a of said regenerator 4 is also greater than the amount tranversing the duct c of regenerator 3. This results in the temperature of regenerator 3 rising and that of regenerator 4 falling. During the third period the previously cooled and cleaned spaces a of regenerators 3, 4, Fig. 3, serve to condense nitrogen from crude hydrogen in counterflow with cold low pressure hydrogen in ducts b ; the flow through duct b of regenerator 3 being greater than that through duct b of regenerator 4 whilst more warm high pressure hydrogen traverses duct c of regenerator 1 than traverses duct c of regenerator 2. During the final period regenerators 2, 4, Fig. 4, are again switched, the amount of cold low pressure hydrogen traversing duct b of regenerator 2 being greater than that traversing duct b of regenerator 3 and the amount of warm high pressure hydrogen traversing duct c of regenerator 4 being greater than that traversing duct c of regenerator 1. Specification 647,654 is referred to.
Patent GB-1039475-A (GB)
Title: Light-sensitive material for use in the production of printing plates
IPC: G03C1/61
Filed: 1964-07-08
Abstract: 1,039,475. Etching. KALLE A.G. July 8, 1964 [July 12, 1963], No. 28216/64. Heading B6J. [Also in Division G2] A copper etching solution comprises an aqueous solution of 45% ferric nitrate and 5% calcium acetate.
Patent GB-1333902-A (GB)
Title: Electron beam recording materials
IPC: G03C1/76
Filed: 1971-06-16
Abstract: 1333902 Electron beam apparatus FUJI PHOTO FILM CO Ltd 16 June 1971 [18 June 1970] 28238/71 Heading H1D An electron beam recording material comprises a support 13, Fig. 2, coated on one side with a silver halide photo-sensitive layer 12, opaque layers 11 and 14 covering the layer 12 and the other side of the support, and a metallic layer 1050-10,000 Š thick over the layer 11. The layer 11 may extend over the edge of layer 12 (as illustrated) and over the edge of the support, or the layers may all be plane (Fig. 1, not shown). The support 13 may be of triacetyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene or polycarbonate. The opaque layers may be a mixture of a polymer and a pigment or a dye, or may be of pitch. The layer 11 should be 0À2-5 microns thick, preferably 0À2-2 microns, and the layer 14 should be 1 to 10 microns thick. The layer 10 may be a metal having a high evaporation temperature, such as silver, gold, iron, aluminium, copper, nickel or chromium; the metals zinc, beryllium, cobalt, germanium, lead, tin and titanium are also suitable. The metal may be evaporated on to the layer 11 in the same apparatus to be used for electron beam recording. In one example a polyethylene terephthalate film 75 microns thick is irradiated with ultra-violet rays and coated on one side to a dry thickness of 5 microns with a mixture of 50 parts carbon black, 20 parts nitrocellulose, 80 parts ethanol and 20 parts butyl acetate. The opposite surface is coated with a gelatine silver chlorobromide fine grain emulsion to a dry thickness of 5 microns on which is deposited a mixture of 10 parts black dye, 50 parts polyvinyl acetate and 200 parts methanol to form the opaque layer 11; aluminium is evaporated at 1000‹ C. at a pressure of 5 Î 10<SP>-5</SP> mm. to a thickness of 400 Š on top of the opaque layer. After recording, the material is immersed in methanol to remove the opaque layer and the metal coating and is then developed and fixed: finally the rear opaque layer is removed with butyl acetate.
Patent GB-1456580-A (GB)
Title: Foundry moulding
IPC: B22C15/24
Filed: 1974-06-26
Abstract: 1456580 Foundry moulding HENRY WALLWORK & CO Ltd and C M G WALLWORK 19 June 1975 [26 June 1974] 28262/74 Heading B3G An automatic machine for producing flaskless foundry moulds comprises a vertically driven frame 6 with a moulding chamber extending through it and into the ends of which pattern plates 15 are horizontally driven; sand is blown into the chamber from a head 30 and the mould preform is squeezed to final shape by further inward movement of the plates which are then withdrawn and the frame lowered. The mould is then removed by an hydraulic ejector ram 12 and joined on to a line of moulds. The ram may perform alternate short and long strokes, the former merely to eject the mould and allow the frame to be raised, and the latter to push the ejected mould against the mould line. The frame is vertically driven by hydraulic rams and the plates may be driven by a single hydraulic ram, one plate being drivingly connected to the ram cylinder and the other to its piston. Fluid is fed to the ram cylinder initially at low pressure to bring the plates into the moulding chamber and squeezing of the sand is effected by supplying fluid at higher pressure. The plates are removed by separate pairs of single acting rams. After sand admission from a measuring hopper a sandgate 31 is closed by an hydraulic ram 32. Air is admitted to the head via valves 34, 35 controlling flow to upper and lower regions 37, 38, Fig. 5. Air is removed from the moulding chamber via vents 40-42. The peripheries of the plates contain tubular seals; separation of the plates from the mould is assisted by pressure air fed through vents 39 in platens 13 supporting bolsters 14 on which the pattern plates are mounted. When the frame rises parting compound is sprayed on to the plates. Hydraulic and pneumatic circuits are described for automatic machine operation.