baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1107249-A (GB)
Title: Alkali-soluble resins and method of preparing the same
IPC: C08F220/06
Filed: 1965-08-05
Abstract: Alkali-soluble resins having an acid number of 140-300 and a number average molecular weight of 700-5000 comprise units of at least one monomer of the formula Ar-CH=CH2 where Ar is an aryl or alkaryl group, and units of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, the mole ratio of the former units to the latter being from 3:1 to 1:1, the resin being substantially free from any solvent used in its preparation. The aromatic monomer is preferably styrene and/or vinyl toluene.  The resin may also contain units of other monomers, e.g. N-vinyl pyrrolidone, 2 - methyl - 5 - vinyl pyridine, acrylonitrile, diethyl aminoethyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylates and methacrylates, and dimethyl or diethyl esters of fumaric or itaconic acid. The resins are obtained by solution polymerization of the corresponding monomers in a solvent having chain-transfer properties, preferably with controlled incremental addition of the various components.  Suitable solvents include methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene/p - cymene mixtures, 3 - heptanone, isoamyl acetate, methyl isobutyl carbinol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, cyclohexanone, carbon tetrachloride and mixtures thereof. An additional chain transfer agent, e.g. lauryl mercaptan, may also be included in the polymerization. Catalysts such as benzoyl peroxide and azobisisobutyronitrile can be used to initiate the reaction. Alkaline aqueous solutions (resin cuts) are formed by treating the solvent-free resin products with aqueous bases, e.g. ammonium hydroxide, sodium or potassium hydroxide, borax and amines. Examples 22 and 23 illustrate the use of such ammoniacal styreneacrylic acid resin cuts as emulsifying agent in the emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate or styrene using ammonium persulphate as initiator.  Example 21 illustrates the use of an ammoniacal styrene-acrylic acid resin cut as a levelling agent in a floor-coating composition comprising a polystyrene emulsion, a polyethlene wax emulsion, tributoxyethyl phosphate and polyethylene glycol dibenzoate.
Patent GB-760030-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of dispersive, water-soluble alginates with high solubility speed
Filed: 1953-12-04
Abstract: Water-soluble alginates are obtained in a dispersive form more readily soluble in water by subjecting a paste of the alginate having a water-content of 50-90 per cent by weight to kneading and extrusion under mechanical pressure in a pressing device, grinding the pressed product in a rotary crushing apparatus, the peripheral speed of the revolving grinding members of which is greater than 10 m./sec. and drying the ground product.  The pressing device may be a closed cylinder, in which the alginate paste is placed, provided therein with an oscillating perforated pestle, the paste being driven through the perforations of the moving pestle; alternatively an unperforated pestle may be used, the cylinder then being provided with perforated sheets or the like.  The preferred pressing devices, for continuous operation, are worm presses or kneading pumps, e.g. a meat mincer, and the paste issuing from the orifice of the appliance may be in the form of ropes, ribbons, strips or the like.  The grinding apparatus may be a hammer basket mill, the hammers of which have sharp cutting edges and/or are surrounded by a basket of perforated metal sheet, or a crushing device comprising at least one pair of plates, spaced a short distance apart and capable of relative movement, each plate being provided on one face with teeth or other projections.  Drying of the ground product may be effected on belt, drum or plate driers, preferably at below 120 DEG  C.  The process may be applied to the treatment of sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium and organic base salts of alginic acid including the trimethylamine, triethanolamine and tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide salts.  Examples are given, in one of which sodium alginate is prepared by kneading anhydrous sodium carbonate into a paste of alginic acid in a kneading pump.
Patent GB-448181-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of basic esters of polyarylacetic acids
IPC: C07D295/088
Filed: 1934-11-23
Abstract: Basic esters are made by reacting (1) an amino-alkanol disubstituted in the amino group with a polyarylacetic acid or a halide, ester or anhydride thereof in presence or absence of a condensing agent; (2) a reactive ester of such an amino-alkanol with a polyarylacetic acid or a salt thereof; (3) an alkylene halogenhydrin with a polyarylacetic acid or a halide, ester or anhydride thereof and treating the product with a secondary amine; or (4) an alkylene halogenhydrin or an alkylene dihalide with a salt of a polyarylacetic acid, replacing by halogen any hydroxyl group which may be present by treating with a halogenating agent, and then reacting with a secondary amine. Quaternary ammonium compounds of the basic esters so produced may be made by the addition of an alkyl halide, an alkylene halide, an aryl sulphonic acid ester, a dialkyl sulphate, or an arylalkyl halide. Reactive esters of aminoalkanols specified are those with hydrohalogen acids or arylsulphonic acids.  The new compounds are used therapeutically.  In examples: (1) diphenylacetyl chloride or diphenyl-acetic acid methyl or ethyl ester is reacted with diethylaminoethanol; (2) diphenylacetic acid with chlorethyldiethylamine hydrochloride; (3) diphenylacetyl chloride with allyl-ethyl-aminoethanol; (4) triphenyl-acetyl chloride with diethylamino - ethanol; (5) diphenylacetyl chloride with ethylene chlorhydrin, and the diphenylacetic acid-2-chlorethanol ester so obtained with diethylamine, or alternatively the chlor-ethanol ester is made by reacting an alkali salt of diphenylacetic acid with an ethylene dihalide or an ethylene halogen-hydrin, in the latter case treating the oxyethanol ester obtained with thionyl chloride. Ethylene bromhydrin may replace ethylene chlorhydrin, and ethylene dihalides specified are ethylene chlorobromide, ethylene bromide or ethylene iodide.  Other products of the invention are diphenylacetic acid - 2 - methyl - ethylaminoethanol ester, diphenylacetic acid-2-di-n-butylamino-ethanol ester, diphenylacetic acid-2-piperidinoethanol ester, diphenylacetic acid-1-methyl - 3 - diethylaminopropanol ester, and diphenylacetic acid - m - dimethyl - aminocyclohexanol ester.  Methylethylaminoethanol is made from ethylaminoethanol and formaldehyde in presence of formic acid. 1-Methyl-3-diethylaminopropanol is made by reduction of diethylamino-methyl ketone in ethereal solution by means of activated aluminium.  m - Dimethylamino - cyclohexanol is made by methylating m-amino-cyclohexanol, itself obtained from m-acetylaminophenol by catalytic reduction followed by saponification.  Allyl - ethylaminoethanol is prepared from allyl bromide and ethylamino-ethanol.  2 - Di - n - butylaminoethanol is made from ethylene chlorhydrin and di-n-butylamine.  Diphenylacetyl chloride is made by the action of thionyl chloride on diphenylacetic acid.
Patent GB-508182-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in centrifugal separators
IPC: B04B11/02
Filed: 1938-11-21
Abstract: 508,182. Centrifugal separators. AKTIEBOLAGET SEPARATOR. Nov. 21, 1938, No. 33803. Convention date, No. 24, 1937. [Class 23] A centrifugal separator with one or more supply and discharge pipes communicating with the bowl by means of a tightening device has one element of the tightening device supported in relation to the other by a bearing. In the form shown in Fig. 1 the tube 2 at the top of the bowl 1 is enclosed by a bushing 3 coupled by a flexible hose 4 to the fixed discharge pipe 5. A bearing device consisting of the sleeve 6 and ball bearings 7 supports the bushing on the tube so that there is no bearing pressure on the surface 8. Grooves on the tube 2 prevent liquid from penetrating between the tightening surfaces. In the modification shown in Fig. 3, the bowl outlet 12 is coupled by a flexible hose 13 to a tube 14 mounted in the frame 17 by bearings 15, 16. A labyrinth packing 19 prevents leakage round the upper end of the tube. In a further modification the hose 13 is replaced by a rigid tube connected to the bowl outlet and to the pipe 14 through stuffing boxes.
Patent GB-384791-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to linear measuring instruments or measuring devices
IPC: G01B3/12
Filed: 1931-12-07
Abstract: 384,791. Measuring- wheels. JONES, L. R., Glenwater, Woodhill Avenue, Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire. Dec. 7, 1931, No. 33851. [Class 106 (ii).] A measuring-wheel a is freely mounted on a spindle d carried by a handle e, the spindle also having freely mounted upon it the hub f<1> of a pendulum f carrying the usual counter g and means are provided for temporarily locking the wheel and pendulum against relative rotation with respect to one another but not with respect to the spindle d. The flange of the wheel a which bears on the surface to be measured is provided with a rubber tread b. The actuating arm g<1> of the counter g is connected by a link h to one arm of a lever i pivoted on a stud on the pendulum. The other arm of the lever i carries a roller pin l which is maintained in contact with a ratchet surface m on the wheel a by means of a spring k. The surface m has three teeth and the circumference of the wheel is one yard, the teeth coming opposite pointers n in a viewing aperture o when the pointers n come opposite each zero of the members representing feet on the wheel. A plunger p attached to a cap q passes through the hollow spindle d and is connected by a chain r and cable s to a small lever t on the handle e. When the lever t is pressed down, the hub f<1> of the pendulum is forced against a friction washer u on the hub c and the wheel and pendulum are locked. In measuring the ground outside buildings, a zero on the wheel is adjusted to the pendulum and the two are locked. The zero is now placed on the ground at the commencement of the distance and the wheel rolled along the surface. For measuring floors indoors where the distance begins or terminates at the wall, the pendulum f is adjusted initially so that the pointers n are opposite a point v situated at each measurement on the wheel and equivalent to À94 of a foot. A pointer w indicates when the wheel l has just dropped off a tooth.
Patent GB-305761-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sheet feeding mechanisms
IPC: B65H3/02
Filed: 1927-12-15
Abstract: 305,761. Frauenberger, C. F. Dec. 15, 1927. Sheet-separators.-Sheets are fed to a cutting and creasing machine of the platen type from a pile 13, Fig. 5, from which the sheets are separated by a reciprocating roller 53 which is held from rotating by a pawl 70 as the carriage containing the roller 53 is moved to the left to separate the top sheet. Two reciprocating rollers 53, one at each side of the pile, are reciprocated by rack-bars 55 operated by gear wheels 61 on a shaft 60 which is oscillated by a segmental gear wheel on a shaft 24, Fig. 2, which is oscillated by lever-and-link connection with the platen oscillating mechanism. The bars 55 are pressed downwards by spring action, and as the bars 55 are advanced, the top sheet is separated from the pipe by action of the rollers 53, and the separated sheet passes under a pressure roller 68 to guiding and registering devices which position the sheet. While the sheet is being fed by forwarding-mechanism, the rollers 53 are raised out of action by the engagement of a roller 57 with a fixed cam 65, or by a movable cam 66 the inclination of which varies with the height of the pile, and as the rollers are raised they rotate under action of a pawl 71, and rotate in contact with a cleaning brush 56. The rollers 57 engage pawls 73 on their return, and the rollers 53 are raised still further from the pile.
Patent GB-1236444-A (GB)
Title: Fluid actuated valve
Inventor: MAIGROT ROBERT
IPC: B30B15/14
Filed: 1968-06-07
Abstract: 1,236,444. Valves. E. W. BLISS CO. 7 June, 1968 [6 July, 1967], No. 34101/70. Divided out of 1,236,443. Heading F2V. A valve assembly for exhausting a fluidoperated brake-clutch mechanism on a crankdriven press has an inner non-return valve 52 seated on a sleeve 51 which is moved off its seat 54 by the pressure in chamber 49 when the pressure in chamber 45 is exhausted by a solenoid-actuated valve. Chamber 49 and the mechanism are thus exhausted to chamber 49<SP>1</SP> Valve 52 allows the mechanism to be pressurized when the solenoid-actuated valve connects chamber 45 to a pump.
Patent GB-606284-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heat exchange devices
IPC: F28F1/00
Filed: 1945-12-18
Abstract: 606,284. Tubular heat-exchangers. STEADMAN, C. S., and IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Dec. 18, 1945, No. 34245. [Class 64(iii)] [Also in Group XXVIII] In a heat-exchange device for two fluids, e.g. a vehicle heating device, comprising concentric tubular elements 1, 2 having an annular space 4 between them, from which the fluids are excluded, partly occupied by secondary surfaces 3 to conduct heat from one tubular element to the other, the annular space 4 is hermetically connected to a warning unit so that changes of pressure caused by the fluids entering the annular space operate the warning unit. The space 4 may be partly filled with a volatile liquid which evaporates on change of pressure and thus operates the warning unit or the space may be maintained under vacuum by connecting it to the vehicle engine exhaust. The secondary surface may comprise flanged annular perforated fins, longitudinal corrugated elements or, according to the Provisional Specification, metal shot sintered together and to the tubular walls.
Patent GB-366616-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in withdrawing appliances for trench props and the like
IPC: E02D9/02
Filed: 1930-11-14
Abstract: 366,616. Load-handling apparatus. MALPAS, G. M., 77, Park Road, Bolton, and WAITE, W. G., 39, Castle Street, Cirencester, Gloucestershire. Nov. 14, 1930, No. 34251. [Classes 78 (iii) and 78 (iv).] An appliance for removing trench props &c. comprises a tiltable grip adapted to encircle the prop and connected by a chain to a winch &c. or to a pulling lever adjustably pivotable on a post and having lugs with which the chain is engaged. The grip has a V-shaped strap a with a stiffening web a<1> and carries a pivoted plate a<6> adapted to engage the trench prop x, Fig. 4, while an edge a<4> on the strap bites into the prop under the pull of the hauling chain b. The lever c, Fig. 5, has slots c<1> and a strap c<2> so that a pin d<1> mounted on the post (not shown), can be engaged in any desired slot. The chain b passes through an aperture c<5> in the end of the lever and is engaged with a pair of slotted parallel lugs e on the upper face of the lever.
Patent GB-353355-A (GB)
Title: Vat for wet treating of lengths of fabric
IPC: D06B3/16
Filed: 1930-11-14
Abstract: Lengths of fabric are conducted free from folds and free of tension underneath the liquid level in a vat a by means of a thin layer of water flowing down a chute b at the entrance end of the vat.  The chute is inclined towards the vat, the end being bent downward under the level of the water in the vat.  In order to keep the fabric spread out, the inflowing liquid spreads out from the middle towards both sides, and at the outlet end of the <PICT:0353355/IV/1> <PICT:0353355/IV/2> <PICT:0353355/IV/3> vat the liquid is sucked off towards both sides, i.e. transversely to the path of the fabric. This effect may be enhanced by jets of liquid squirted from pipes p, which may be above or below the liquid level, in outward directions on the fabric length.  The liquid drawn off at the outlet end of the vat is returned to the reservoir d by means of the pump o.  A second chute r may be arranged at the discharge end of the vat over which liquid flows in a direction opposite to the movement of the fabric, the liquid spreading from the centre towards the sides, so that the spreading effect exerted on the fabric is considerably increased.
Patent GB-211630-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in head attachment gear for telephone receivers and the like
IPC: H04R1/10
Filed: 1922-12-15
Abstract: 211,630. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., Young, A. P., and Butcher, J. H. Dec. 15, 1922. Head sets.-In head attachment gear for telephone receivers, of the type in which means are provided for moving the earpieces apart against resilient means, a curved resilient band 13, Fig. 2, to which two handles 18 not pivoted together are attached, is the support for the receivers, or the resilient means is substantially enclosed within the supporting means. The receivers may be carried by a pair of arms 13, Fig. 1, joined by pivot pin 14 to form uncrossed tongues, and the springs 21 joining pins on the arms being contained within the handles 18. which are formed of channel section. Stops 22 are provided to limit the inward movement of the receivers. The pivot 14 may be contained within a semi-tubular member 24, Fig. 3, with which a second semitubular member 28 forms a dumb bell handle containing the springs 21. A pin 27 carried by the member 28 works in a slot in a bracket 25 fixed to the pivot 14. The dumb bell is formed with slots for the supports 13. The leads may be carried along the ear-piece supports, being held in position by hooks 17. The receivers may be mounted by means of ball and socket joints with limited movement; or a stirrup support 33, Fig. 4, may be provided. The end of the supporting member 13 is drilled to take a sleeve 31, through a hole in which the rod 32 of the stirrup passes. The sleeve 31 may be tapered and slit, a nut serving to lock the sleeve on the rod or the rod may be of D-section and slightly smaller than the correspondingly shaped hole in the sleeve 31, a locking nut being then dispensed with. The following details are described in the Provisional Specification :-The pivot may be mounted upon a handle located between the projecting triggers. In the modification employing a hollow handle, a toggle mechanism, preferably consisting of four links forming a quadrilateral, may be employed. One pair of links is pivoted together and to studs on the earpiece supports, this pair of links lying within the handle, and the other pair of links is pivoted together and to the same studs and lies normally outside the handle, but passes through a slot into the handle when the mechanism is operated to move the earpieces apart. The earpieces may be of the type described in Specification 202,873.
Patent GB-786502-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of compressed pellets or tablets fromfinely divided solid materials
Inventor: REYNOLDS PETER WILLIAM
IPC: B01J37/00
Filed: 1954-11-26
Abstract: In making pellets by feeding finely-divided solid material into dies and compressing it between punches, each die is lubricated by producing therefrom at least one pellet of a material comprising a lubricant, and then one or more pellets of the finely-divided solid material is produced from the thus-lubricated die.  Thus an initial pellet is made in a die from pure lubricant or from lubricant mixed with chalk or alumina or the finely-divided material, and then one or more pellets of tungstic acid (H2WO4), or a mixture of Fe2O3, Cr2O3 and Al2O3, or a mixture of ZnO and CuO are made in that die.  These pellets may be used as catalysts. The initial pellets (comprising the lubricant) may be crushed and re-used many times, if desired after the addition of fresh lubricant and/or other material.  Lubricants mentioned are graphite, talc, long chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, acids, esters, salts, and disulphides of molybdenum and tungsten.
Patent GB-1279300-A (GB)
Title: Self synchronized laser apparatus
Inventor: HILBERG RONALD PHILLIP
IPC: H01S3/11
Filed: 1969-07-08
Abstract: 1279300 Lasers TRW Inc 8 July 1969 34346/69 Heading H1C The resonator of a Q-switched laser includes a plane polarizing Glan prism 18 positioned between a normally biased Kerr cell 20 and an unbiased Pockel's cell 22. When the laser active medium 28, e.g. a neodymium-doped YAG rod, is flash pumped by a lamp 30 energized from a trigger generator 38, the polarization rotation produced by the Kerr cell causes radiation from the active medium to be initially deflected by the prism towards an absorber 34. After a delay imposed by a delay circuit 42, the Kerr cell bias is removed by a modulator 44 and the radiation is able to oscillate between the resonator mirrors 14, 16. The radiation peak is detected by a photodiode 46 aligned with mirror 14, and after a further delay produced by a delay line 50, the Pockel's cell is biased and restores polarization rotation. Output radiation 36 is then deflected by the prism out of the resonator. The active medium and flash lamp are housed in an aluminium casing 32.
Patent GB-1024201-A (GB)
Title: Electronic alarm system
IPC: B60R25/10
Filed: 1962-09-07
Abstract: 1,024,201. Burglar and fire alarms. L. B. HEISER. Sept. 7, 1962 [Sept. 7, 1961], No. 34431/62. Heading G4N. [Also in Division G1] An alarm system comprises a pair of terminals for connection to a battery or other D.C. source, a sensing arrangement connected to one of the terminals through a capacitor so as to be responsive only to voltage changes at the terminals, the sensing arrangement including a unidirectional conductive device of such polarity as to cause the sensing arrangement to respond only to decreases in voltage across the terminals, the sensing arrangement being such as to initiate energization of an electrically actuated alarm in response to decreases in voltage. The system may be used in a burglar or fire warning arrangement fitted to a vehicle. When the interior, bonnet or boot light of the vehicle is operated by means of one of the switches 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 a load is put on the vehicle battery 10 causing a reduction in its output voltage. This instantaneous drop in voltage is used to actuate the warning system 40 of the invention when this has been set by closing the switch 64. The drop in voltage is amplified through the transistors 42 and 44 and the current, surge through the coil 60 operates the relay 62. This causes the contacts 65, 66 to close, so that current will flow through the relay continuously, and also closes the contacts 68, 72 and 70, 74 to bring into operation the horns 75, 77 and the lights 80. A flasher arrangement 82 in the circuit causes these to operate intermittently. The arrangement 40 may be contained in a box situated close to the battery inside the bonnet. In order to activate the circuit the bonnet must first be opened (in order to reach the switch 64), but closing it thereafter will not set off the alarm since this responds only to decreases in voltage. To detect fire, thermally operated switches such as 90 positioned in strategic positions in the vehicle may be arranged in parallel with the bonnet or interior lights. The system may also be used to determine the state of the battery, since the battery must normally bias off the transistor 44 through the resistor 55. If the open circuit battery voltage drops, the battery will fail to provide this bias and the circuit will be activated to set off the alarm.