baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1277815-A (GB)
Title: Snap switch with positive-drive breaking action
IPC: H01H5/06
Filed: 1969-09-04
Abstract: 1277815 Snap-action switches; retractive switches LA TELEMECANIQUE ELECTRIQUE 4 Sept 1969 [9 Sept 1968] 43831/69 Heading H1N A snap switch having positive actuation in the event of failure of the snap spring comprises a housing carrying fixed contacts, a rocking central part bearing the moving contacts and means for releasably holding it with respect to said housing, a slide extending through the central part and provided with at least one cam for direct action on the central part which is restrained against rocking by an elastic thrust point, and a snap spring positioned between said slide and said central part, whereby operation of the slide simultaneously arms the spring and cams the central part against the action of said elastic thrust point thereby causing sudden release of the central part and rocking thereof by the spring, back-up driving means being additionally provided to operate in the event of failure of said spring. In the embodiment of Fig. 1 the central part 1 carries contact bridges 8 and is urged by a spring-loaded ball 18 such that two of its four legs 2, which straddle upstanding flanges 6 on a slide 3, engage behind fixed shoulders 14. When slide 3 is moved in the direction of arrow f 1  a flange 6 compresses a spring 20 against the opposite pair of legs 2 until cams 17 on slide 3 lift the legs 2 clear of shoulders 14, whereupon the part 1 snaps over (Fig. 3, not shown). Return force (f 2 ) on the other end of slide 3 causes the other flange 6 to act on the spring 20 against the opposite legs 2 which are then released by the other slopes of cams 17, and part 1 snaps back. Pegs secured at the tops of cams 17 act on the appropriate legs 2, if they fail to move under stress of the spring 20, and produce positive actuation. In the embodiment of Fig. 5 the rocking part 1a carries a spring-loaded ball 18a which urges an internal projection 28 into a camming recess 17a in slide 3a. Part 1a carries a pair of contact bridges (8a, Fig. 7, not shown) on each side of the slide 3a and has arms (25) which latch in fixed recesses (26). Pressure f 1  on slide 3a compresses spring 20a until the part 1a is lifted by interaction of 28 and 17a to release the appropriate arms (25) from their recesses (26), whereupon part 1a snaps over (Fig. 6, not shown). In this embodiment a pull (f 2 ) has to be exerted on slide 3a to return the part 1a. Lateral flanges 31 on slide 3a act on part 1a via lever members 32 to provide positive actuation when necessary. In a modification (Figs. 11 and 12, not shown) the switch is made retractive by a return spring (33). A mechanism is described (Figs. 13 to 17, not shown) which translates pivotal movement of an operating arm (35) to either side of a retractive central position into linear motion to actuate the switch slide.
Patent GB-1045443-A (GB)
Title: Optical brightening of shaped articles of synthetic polyesters and polyamides
Inventor: POMMER HORST
IPC: D06L4/65
Filed: 1964-10-28
Abstract: Synthetic linear polyester or polyamide shaped articles e.g fibres and films, are brightened by treating them from aqueous liquors or by means of print pastes with an aqueous dispersion of one or more of p-bis styrylbenzene having the formula <FORM:1045443/D1-D2/1> (I) derivatives thereof which bear substituents on the benzene rings A, B1 and B2 and which are soluble in water to the extent of less than 1% by weight at 25 DEG C. and then fixing the compounds on the shaped articles at a temperature of 90 DEG -225 DEG C. The substituents on the benzene rings A1, B1 and B2 may be chlorine or bromine atoms or cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, alkyloyloxy, carbalkoxy, alkyl-carbamoyl or dialkylcarbamoyl groups, the alkyl radicals preferably containing up to four carbon atoms.  Provided the compounds remain soluble in water to the extent of less than 1% by weight at 25 DEG C. hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, amino, alkylamino, carbamoyl and sulphonamide groups may also be substituents.  The optical brightening agent may be p applied by the thermosol method on a padding machine as an aqueous dispersion which may contain thickeners, the treatment with the aqueous dispersion being followed by drying and a hot air treatment at 120 DEG -220 DEG C. in the case of polyamide materials and at 120 DEG -200 DEG C. in the case of polyester materials, or a treatment with superheated steam at 100 DEG -140 DEG C.  Alternatively a high-temperature exhaustion method in which the material is maintained in the aqueous dispersion in a dyeing machine at a temperature above 100 DEG C. for 30-60 minutes and then dried at 90 DEG -225 DEG C. or an exhaustion method in which the material is introduced into the treatment liquor at 60 DEG -70 DEG C. and the temperature raised to 95 DEG -100 DEG C. for 30-60 minutes may be utilized.  The aqueous dispersions may also contain dispersing agents, e.g. soaps, sulphite cellulose waste liquor, polyglycol ethers of fatty alcohols or fatty amines or condensation products of naphthalenesulphonic acids, substituted napthhalenesulphonic acids and formaldehyde, and in the case of polyester materials a carrier, e.g. dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, o-phenylphenol, p-phenylphenol, benzoic acid, the p-chlorophenyl monoether of glycol and esters of benzoic acid.  A disperse dye may be included in print pastes.  The brightening may be effected in conjunction with chemical bleaching with sodium chlorite.
Patent GB-1283395-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L47/00
Filed: 1969-09-05
Abstract: 1283395 Bulk effect device circuits; ampliude modulation PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 5 Sept 1969 [10 Sept 1968] 44104/69 Headings H3R and H3T [Also in Division H1] Domain formation in a bulk negative conductivity effect device used as a microwave amplifier is prevented by the provision alongside but separated from the active semi-conductor layer of a layer of higher conductivity, separation being achieved by the provision of an insulating film, a PN junction, or a Schottky barrier between the two layers, and the layer of higher conductivity being of semi-conductor or metal. The active semi-conductor may be GaAs (doped with Si, Te, Sn, or Se), CdTe, InP, or ZnSe and may form a monocrystalline or polycrystalline layer. Gold may be used as the high conductivity layer in contact with GaAs with which it forms a Schottky barrier. Gold may be used also as a metal layer separated from a GaAs body by silicon nitride or silicon oxide since pinholes in the insulation will not matter. Tin may be used over an insulator (but does not form a Schottky barrier). If the high conductivity layer is a semi-conductor it is provided with an electrode so that the PN junction may be reverse biased. In all cases the high conductivity layer may be left floating or may be held at the average potential of the underlying active semi-conductor (plus any bias voltage). The high conductivity layer may be subdivided (the gaps are arranged to lie along equipotential lines in the active semi-conductor) and the partial layers may be left floating or held at appropriate bias. A modulating signal such as pulses may be supplied to the high conductivity layer or partial layers. An ohmic contact may be formed at each end of the active semi-conductor layer and the input and reflected output fred through a single coaxial cable. In variants, the input may be fed to one ohmic contact and to the high conductivity layer or an adjacent partial layer and the output may be taken from the other ohmic contact and the high conductivity layer or an adjacent partial layer. Tin may be alloyed to N-type GaAs and Sn/Zn to P-type GaAs to form ohmic contacts. The active semi-conductor layer may be formed on a high resistivity semi-conductor substrate (which also suppresses domain formation) or on a ceramic substrate. Alternatively a high conductivity layer could be provided on both sides of the active layer. Devices shown are linear but devices may be made with concentric electrodes.
Patent GB-1070647-A (GB)
Title: Machine for packing and unpacking bottles
IPC: B65B43/58
Filed: 1963-11-08
Abstract: 1,070,647. Crating and de-crating machines. MACHINEFABRIEK VAN LUXEMBORG N.V. Nov. 8, 1963 [Nov. 9, 1962], No. 44255/63. Heading B8C. In a bottle-crating or -uncrating machine in which a crate-support 6 (Fig. 3) and a bottlecarrying head 8 are interconnected move simultaneously toward one another, the crate-carrier 6 has a further motion independent of the bottle-carrying head: this permits any safetydevice preventing damage if a bottle jams, to stop the independent motion only, without interfering with the operation of the machine as a whole. In the form illustrated, the carrier 6 and head 8 are connected by a linkage (3), (4) (Fig. 1, not shown) and the cross-head 5 carries the crate-carrier 6 through a ram 18 and linkage 19, 20 to provide the additional movement. A guide frame 14 assists in aligning the bottles. The column 1 rotates to feed the bottle-carrying heads 8.
Patent GB-1493697-A (GB)
Title: Control system for promoting catalytic removal of noxious components from exhaust gas of internal combustion engine
IPC: F02B1/04
Filed: 1975-10-28
Abstract: 1493697 Valves NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 28 Oct 1975 [1 Nov 1974 12 Nov 1974] 44318/75 Heading F2V [Also in Divisions F1 and G3] An electromagnetic valve for controlling air to an I.C. engine in an on/off manner at frequencies between 5 and 100 Hg has a closure member 132 made at least partly of magnetic material and forms the only moving part. It is urged to the closed position by a spring 120 and also by the bias of a supporting diaphragm 134 or wire spider (Fig. 12, not shown). As shown the closure member has an upper part 132a of iron or rubber containing iron powder, and a lower part 132b of light metal, rubber or synthetic resin. The object is to achieve low inertia and good durability. The valve is used in an air/fuel ratio control system (see Division F1).
Patent GB-1002571-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to signalling systems
IPC: H04M19/04
Filed: 1961-12-14
Abstract: 1,002,571. Automatic exchange systems. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. Deo. 14, 1961 [Dec. 23, 1960], No. 44750/61. Heading H4K. A substation-calling arrangement comprises a source of signalling energy connectable to and disconnectable from the line, means for transmitting control signals to the line, signalling control means arranged to connect the source of energy to the line in response to these control signals, and a timing circuit in the control means effective to measure a signalling interval beginning with this connection of the energy source to the line, the control means further including means effective under the control of the timing circuit to disconnect the signalling energy source from the line at the end of the measured signalling interval. As shown, in a time-division multiplex system generally similar to that described in Specification 921,384, each line circuit includes two PNPN diodes 123 and 128 of the type disclosed in Specification 813,862 and a transistor 120. Diode 123 and transistor 120 are normally conductive but are switched off on receipt of a negative pulse from ringing source 104, allowing relay 127 to operate. This completes the ringing circuit from battery 111 and 20-cycle generator 108 and also completes a timing circuit comprising capacitor 129 and resistor 131. After a predetermined ringing period, say two seconds, capacitor 129 is sufficiently charged to break down diode 128, raising the potential at terminal 124 so that diode 123 returns to its normal conductive state, transistor 120 having been switched on again at the end of the pulse from ringing source 104. The discharge of timing capacitor 129 and the conduction in diode 123 cause diode 128 to revert to its non-conductive condition; and relay 127 is shunted down by diode 123, breaking the ringing circuit. After four seconds of silence, another ringing cycle is initiated by a further pulse from ringing source 104, unless line scanner 106 has detected an answer by the called subscriber. If the called subscriber answers during a ringing period, the operation of switchhook 139 substitutes the lowimpedance speech path 126 for the highimpedance ringer 138 in the ringing circuit, raising the potential across resistor 132 and causing capacitor 129 to charge rapidly and terminate the ringing as described above.
Patent GB-1451913-A (GB)
Title: Arc welding torch
IPC: B23K9/167
Filed: 1973-09-25
Abstract: 1451913 Welding by fusion CLARKE CHAPMAN Ltd 6 June 1974 [25 Sept 1973] 44819/73 Heading B3R [Also in Division H5] A hand or rotary arc welding torch, particularly for tube welding in heat exchanger repair, comprises a copper member 10 provided with a PTFE sleeve 14, and a ceramic gas cup 16 push fitted on said sleeve, the cup projecting beyond the front of said sleeve by a distance less than half the maximum diameter of the cup and the overall axial length of the torch (excluding electrode projection) being less than said cup maximum diameter. The PTFE sleeve accommodates differential expansion between the member 10 and the cup, and the latter prevents torch/work arcing. The overall length of the torch is preferably less than 1À00 inch. In the particularly described torch, the overall length of the torch is 0À75 inch, the maximum diameter of the body and the cup is 1 inch, the total length of the cup is 0À50 inch, and the cup projects slightly less than 0À20 inch beyond the sleeve 14. A tungsten electrode 40 is retained in the torch by a rear accessible collet 36 screwthreaded into an insert 24 in the body 10. The collet is interchangeable to suit different sizes of electrode. The insert and the body form an annular gas channel 26 in communication with a gas inlet pipe 32 and the interior of the gas cup. A channel 18 extending 340 degrees in the body is connected to cooling air or water pipes (20); alternatively, shielding gas may be directed to the channel 26 via the channel 18, dispensing with a separate coolant. The torch optionally includes a gas "lens" 28 for achievement of laminar gas flow. Preferably, the lens comprises a cartridge consisting of one or more annular sheets of woven stainless steel mesh mounted between an outer ring 30 and an inner bush 31, the cartridge being retained by a flange of the PTFE sleeve 14. The cartridge is replaceable if dirty and interchangeable to provide for different gas flow rates. When used as a hand torch, a handle is attached to the body and a layer of insulation applied about said body and handle. Argon is referred to as a shielding gas.
Patent GB-1437283-A (GB)
Title: Radiographic apparatus
IPC: A61B6/08
Filed: 1974-04-24
Abstract: 1437283 Automatic control MACHLETT LABORATORIES Inc 24 April 1974 [26 April 1973] 45029/75 Divided out of 1437282 Heading G3N [Also in Division H5] A radiographic apparatus comprises means for directing radiation through a shutter aperture on to an image receptor, means for adjusting the aperture and distance between source and receptor and an electro-mechanical sensing means providing an electrical output signal proportional to both the size of the shutter aperture and the distance, so that it represents the size of the field of radiation at the image receptor. As shown, a cone 30 of X-radiation generated in a tube 16 passes through a shutter, comprising longitudinally extending leaves 37 of lead which overlap to form a cone. The leaves are connected to a ring 38 which is adjusted, to set the aperture 36, by a motor 138. The ring may be manually adjusted by a knob 40. The cone of radiation passes through a patient 42 to an image receptor 46, such as an image intensifier tube. The tube 16 is carried on a cantilever arm, Fig. 1 (not shown), so that the source-to-image distance S.I.D. can be varied. Variation in S.I.D. is indicated by a coupled drum 106 carrying cams 108 which actuate switches 110 at selected S.I.D.'s to energize lamps 112. In order that the cross-section of the cone 30 is limited to that necessary to cover a screen 48 of the image receptor, a collimation monitoring unit, see Specification 1437282 Division G2-G3, is responsive to signals from a potentiometer 120, representative of S.I.D., a potentiometer 72, representative of image size, and a potentiometer 130, providing feedback from the drive to the cone-ring 38. A logic arrangement is provided whereby the final positioning movement, consequent on a change of S.I.D. or image screen, is such as to tend to keep the cone size at a minus tolerance. In an alternative arrangement, Fig. 7 (not shown), the axis of the cone of radiation is vertical and two motors are employed to adjust plates determining the long and short dimensions of a pyramidal beam of radiation directed towards a rectangular screen of an image receptor.
Patent GB-985650-A (GB)
Title: Novel pentafluorophenyl-substituted alcohols
Inventor: BUXTON MICHAEL WILLIAM
IPC: C07C29/00
Filed: 1960-09-09
Abstract: The invention comprises alcohols of formula C6F5CHOHR, wherein R is H, C6H5 or C6F5. Pentafluorobenzyl alcohol *(R = H) is prepared by reducing pentafluorobenzaldehyde with LiAlH4 or by hydrolysing pentafluorobenzyl bromide or iodide with an alkaline agent. Bis-(pentafluorophenyl) carbinol *(R = C6F5) is prepared by reacting pentafluorophenyl Grignard reagent with pentafluorobenzaldehyde or with ethyl formate, with subsequent hydrolysis. Phenylpentafluorophenyl carbinol (R = C6H5) is prepared by reacting pentafluorophenyl Grignard reagent with benzaldehyde and subsequent hydrolysis.  The alcohols * were characterized as 3,5-dinitrobenzoates.
Patent GB-1530163-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for bursting the closed cells of elastic foam pieces
IPC: B29C59/00
Filed: 1975-10-31
Abstract: 1530163 Bursting the closed cells of foams BAYER AG and MASCHINENFABRIK HENNECKE GmbH 31 Oct 1975 [21 Dec 1974] 45235/75 Headings C3C and C3R The closed cells of an elastic foam, e.g. polyurethane, are burst by applying a vacuum to the foam in a pressure chamber with a rigid bottom portion and a lid which can be sealed air-tightly and which comprises an elastic film. The preferred apparatus consists of two similar units 1a, 1b are connected to a common pneumatic control 3 wherein foam pieces 10a, 10b are placed in chambers 4a, 4b and suction is applied, simultaneously or alternatively, to the two units by vacuum pumps 18 using manual operation or a pneumatic control 3.
Patent GB-1218966-A (GB)
Title: Oxychlorination process
IPC: C07C17/38
Filed: 1968-09-25
Abstract: 1,218,966. Hydrogen chloride. PRINCETON CHEMICAL RESEARCH Inc. 25 Sept., 1968 [25 Sept., 1967], No. 45637/68. Heading C1A. [Also in Divisions B1, C2 and C5] Gaseous inorganic constituents, especially hydrogen chloride and water vapour, are removed from the oxychlorination products of ethane which consist principally of vinyl chloride and ethylene, by scrubbing the products with aqueous hydrogen chloride (preferably 13-50% by weight HCl) at -25‹ to 212‹ F. The liquid bottoms is then preferably distilled to recover gaseous hydrogen chloride until an azeotropic mixture of aqueous hydrogen chloride is obtained, whereupon part of the liquid bottoms is returned with make-up acid to the scrubbing step. The remainder of the liquid is then mixed with a material which releases hydrogen chloride gas from the azeotropic mixture, suitably sulphur trioxide, concentrated sulphuric acid (>80%) or oleum, and the mixture distilled. The hydrogen chloride gas released, together with the gas obtained from the first distillation stage, is preferably returned to the oxychlorination reactor. The liquid bottoms is concentrated, and returned with make-up sulphuric acid &c., to be mixed with the liquid bottoms from the first distillation stage.
Patent GB-1522419-A (GB)
Title: Annular seal for rotary piston fluid-machines
IPC: F01C19/08
Filed: 1976-11-02
Abstract: 1522419 Rotary positive-displacement fluidmachines WANKEL GmbH 2 Nov 1976 [13 Nov 1975] 45407/76 Heading F1F An annular seal for a side face of a rotary piston 3, such as one for a Wankel-type engine (as shown), comprises a body 1 having a generally U- shaped radial cross-section with radially inner and outer portions of the limbs thereof inclined inwardly, and also comprises an annular insert 11  with webs 13 dividing the space within the body into chambers 12. The body may be made of sheet metal and pressed in dies to the required shape, Fig. 3 (not shown). The seal may be held against a housing side-wall 4 by an annular spring 5 and may further comprise a ring 6 biased towards the wall 4 by an annular spring 7. A radially outer axial seal is shown at 8.
Patent GB-1139785-A (GB)
Title: Ion pumps
Inventor: WEISS ROBERT
IPC: H01J41/20
Filed: 1967-10-05
Abstract: 1,139,785. Ion pumps. SIEMENS A.G. 5 Oct., 1967, No. 45582/67. Heading H1D. An ion pump wherein cathode particles are sputtered on to a collecting surface, is characterized in that the collecting surface is rough to prevent the sputtered layer being removed by thermal shock. The collecting surface may be an anode of honeycomb shape and may have grit or the like sintered or soldered to its surface, or may be formed of sintered material, or may be etched. The anode may be disposed between two planar cathodes and the pump may be disposed in a magnetic field.
Patent GB-1105930-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to telecommumication cables
Inventor: ISHERWOOD LESLIE
IPC: H01B11/00
Filed: 1965-10-28
Abstract: 1,105,930. Cables. BRITISH INSULATED CALLENDER'S CABLES Ltd. 28 Oct., 1966 [28 Oct., 1965], No. 45711/65. Heading H1A. In a telecommunication cable insulated video conductors 4 are twisted in pairs with insulated audio conductors 7 to form " pods " 2, each pair in a pod having the same length of pair twist. The pair twist in the cores of each pod may be different from that in any of the remaining pods. In one embodiment the pods 2 are helically laid with the same length of lay around an insulating core 1 and are covered by polyester tape 9, seamless polythene 10, a screen of copper tape 11 and a seamless sheath 12 of black polythene. The core may be a solid insulator (21) (Fig. 2, not shown) or consist of four or more pairs of insulated audio conductors or at least one " pod " (41) (Fig. 3, not shown). The insulation of the conductors and cores may be of polythene and the video and audio conductors may be of copper and aluminium respectively. The screen may be a polythene coated aluminium tape (31), (51), (Figs. 2 and 3, not shown), and a colour code to distinguish the video pairs may be used in which the audio pairs are of a single colour.
Patent GB-1408487-A (GB)
Title: Mirrors
IPC: A47G1/02
Filed: 1973-10-01
Abstract: 1408487 Mirrors BRAAS SPEGELINDUSTRI AB 1 Oct 1973 [2 Oct 1972] 45761/73 Heading G2J [Also in Divisions B5 and B7] A mirror suitable for use as a rearview mirror for a vehicle comprises a transparent body 1 the two opposite faces 2 and 3 of which make an angle not greater than 3 degrees 25 minutes with one another and one face 2 of which is covered with a mirror coating, e.g. a metal foil 4 bearing a protective film, the face 3 of the body directed away from the mirror coating consisting of a layer 5 of transparent plastics material, the rest of the body being glass 6. The face 7 of glass body 6 directed toward the plastics layer 5 may have irregularities obtained by rough grinding to improve adhesion between the glass and the plastics layers. The mirror may be produced by injecting the plastics layer into an injection mould in which the face of the glass body directed away from the mirror coating constitutes one boundary plane of the plastics layer and a planar side of the injection mould constitutes the other boundary plane.