baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-729459-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of pentaerythritol dichlorohydrin and derivatives thereof
IPC: C08G65/18
Filed: 1952-05-30
Abstract: Pentaerythritol dichlorhydrin and/or derivatives thereof are prepared by treating pentaerythritol dichlorhydrin monosulphurous acid ester with a saponifying agent in the presence of water and/or an organic solvent which will dissolve the saponifying agent and at a temperature at which sulphur dioxide is split off from the sulphurous acid ester.  When the saponifying agent is an acid, the reaction is normally effected by heating the ester with aqueous acid at 80-90 DEG C.; the product is pentaerythritol dichlorhydrin.  Using an acid-binding agent the reaction may be caused to yield the dichlorhydrin and derivatives thereof depending on the conditions employed.  With 2 equivalents of acid-binding agent, the dichlorhydrin is the main product; use of greater amounts results in formation of cyclic ethers.  Specified acid-binding agents are caustic alkalies, alkaline reacting salts, alkaline earths and organic bases.  The organic solvents used may contain functional groups and may then take part in the reaction.  The sulphurous acid ester used may be the pure compound or the crude product obtained by reacting pentaerythritol with thionyl chloride in pyridine and so already containing some pentaerythritol dichlorhydrin.  The products of the invention may be used in making synthetic resins.  In typical examples (1) pentaerythritol in pyridine is reacted with thionyl chloride and the resulting sulphurous acid ester isolated in crystalline form; the ester is saponified by refluxing in aqueous hydrochloric acid yielding the dichlorhydrin; (3) penta erythritol dichlorhydrin sulphurous acid ester (1 mol.) is refluxed with KOH (2 mols.) in absolute alcohol for 30 minutes, yielding the dichlorhydrin; (5) as in (3) using 5 mols. KOH and refluxing for 1 hour, the products being worked up to recover 3 : 6-di-oxaspiro-(3 : 3) heptane and various oxacylobutane derivatives whose formul  are given.
Patent GB-1140884-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to energy conversion processes and apparatus
IPC: H05H1/00
Filed: 1966-03-29
Abstract: 1,140,884. Arc heating apparatus. GEBR. BOHLER & CO. A.G. 29 March, 1966 [6 April, 1965], No. 13821/66. Heading H5H. At least two plasma beams are caused to contact each other and so form conducting components of a closed circuit incorporating at least two conductively connected power supply means RO,OS and the plasma beams. It is stated that the power obtained in the beams is much higher than the sum of the powers required to generate the individual beams. In the arrangement shown three plasma torches, each having a gas inlet 11 and an inner electrode 12 are mounted in the electrically conductive wall of a reaction vessel 13 in which outer-electrodes are formed and which is connected to the star point O of a three-phase transformer 14, the phase terminals R, S and T of which are connected to the inner electrodes 12 to produce arc discharges to the outer electrodes. The torches may produce beams of different diameters which need not lie in the same plane, and may utilize different gases or gas mixtures. The torches may be more than three in number, and may operate on D.C. The arrangement may be used for two stage surface hardening of steels, for melting and evaporating materials such as hard metal carbides having high melting points, or for chemical or nuclear reactions. Workpieces or materials to be reacted are fed into the high temperature zone near the axis of the vessel 13.
Patent GB-129626-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Rear Axle Constructions for Motor Vehicles.
IPC: B60K17/16
Filed: 1919-06-02
Abstract: 129,626. Ford & Son, H., (Assignees of Ford, H.). July 10, 1918, [Convention date]. Axle structures.-The rear-axle housings 14 are bolted at 12 to a forwardly-extending casing 2 which encloses the change-speed gear, the driving worm 4 and the differential-gear. When one of the axle-housings has been detached, the axles and differential gear can be removed bodily, after which the worm-shaft 5 can then be withdrawn rearwardly through a cover-plate provided for the purpose. A draw-bar to which implements may be attached forms part of this cover-plate. The housing 23 of the differential-gear is in two parts carried in bearings 21 and having interior spherical surfaces which receive the side thrust of the sun pinions 24 of the gear. The sun pinions slide on to the axles and are secured in place by split locking-rings 26. The planet-carrier has four arms 27, the outer ends of which are carried in recesses in the gear-housing 23. The two parts of the gear-housing are bolted together at 33, the worm-wheel 32 being also secured by these bolts.
Patent GB-197204-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric accumulators or storage batteries
IPC: H01M10/04
Filed: 1922-05-18
Abstract: 197,204. Leitner, H. May 18, 1922. Electrodes; separators.-In a storage battery of the kind described in Specification 177,198 in which the electrodes consists of pencils of active material with a lead core separated by porous material, the pencils are arranged in parallel rows as shown at X, Y, Z in Fig. 1, the rows alternating in polarity and having separators h between them, the pencils in each row alternating with spaces g which contain the greater part of the electrolyte. The separators are so constructed that when placed together they form the cells c, g for the electrodes and electrolyte. In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, separators are provided with ribs e on each side and with projecting portions b, the ribs e being cut away as shown at f to provide passages for the electrolyte. The projecting portion b on one edge of the separator may be dispensed with, the projecting portion on the other edge being of greater width to abut against the plain edge of the adjacent separator. In a further modification the separators are provided with ribs on one side only, the ribs on one separator abutting against the ribs or the plain surface of an adjacent separator to form the cells. The ribs are cut away as shown in Fig. 2 and holes provided in the plain surfaces of the separators. Sheets of veneer may be placed over the joints between adjacent cells. In another modification the separators consist of single channel-shaped members as shown in Fig. 11. These may be arranged as shown in Fig. 10 with the ribs e opposed but separated by sheets of veneer l to form cells c, the arrangement being duplicated so that the plain surfaces b of one set of separators abut against the plain surfaces of the other set, a sheet of veneer l<1> being placed between them. Fig. 12 shows a further modification in which the ribs e on the separators b do not abut, but form grooves to receive the pencils d, spaces g being left for electrolyte between the pencils in each row. The ribbed separators shown in Fig. 12 may be entirely dispensed with, and plain sheets of veneer used to separate the rows of pencils. The pencils are spaced apart to provide the spaces g in this case by connecting the cores of the pencils by a lead bar at each end as shown at n and o in Fig. 13. The bar o may be notched to receive the lower ends of the pencils. Tnsulating casings q are provided for supporting-feet p from the bar o.
Patent GB-548645-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rod feeding devices for automatic welding apparatus
IPC: B23K9/133
Filed: 1941-11-01
Abstract: 548,645. Uniting by fusion. LINDE AIR PRODUCTS CO. Nov. 1, 1941, No. 14083. Convention date, Nov. 13, 1940. [Class 83 (iv)] A device for feeding a coiled welding rod or wire in an automatic electric arc or gas welding apparatus, comprises a jaw plate with a longitudinally curved surface for engaging and imparting a predetermined curvature to the rod. The rod is thus fed to the welding puddle at an angle other than a right angle so that a momentary change in the speed of the rod does not appreciably change the distance between the end of the rod and the work. The conditions in the welding zone in an arc welding apparatus are thus substantially stabilized. The device comprises a two part handle or bracket 10, 12 in which is mounted an electric motor M which through reducing gear rotates a feed roller F co-operating with a pressure roller P normally pressed forward by an adjustable spring 32 but retractable by a hand operated eccentric 42 to permit the rod to be threaded between the rollers. To the portion 12 of the bracket is secured by screws a bus bar provided with terminals 48 connected by cables 74 to a terminal box 70 having switches 76 for controlling the motor and flow of current to the welding rod. To a vertical surface on the forward end of the bus bar is secured by bolts 54 and slots 56 a contact jaw J which has a longitudinally grooved curved surface 51 co-operating with a pair of spring- pressed rollers S mounted in the bracket to bend the rod in a radius slightly smaller than that of the rod as it is drawn from the reel R. Each slot 56 is formed about one of the bolts 54 as a centre so that the jaw may be adjusted so as to feed the welding rod to the work at any desired angle.
Patent GB-1460819-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for separating calender rolls
IPC: D21G1/00
Filed: 1974-04-04
Abstract: 1460819 Calenders KLEINEWEFERS INDUSTRIE-COMPAGNIE GmbH 4 April 1974 [4 April 1973] 14086/74 Heading D2A In a calender comprising rolls (1-7) retained in bearings by supports 8-13, externallythreaded spindles 14 positioned one at each side of the calender and which pass through the supports 8-13, and nuts 21-26 underlying each support and spaced therefrom by preset distances 59 such that when the spindles 14 are raised the nuts 21-26 engage the supports 8-13 and cause the rolls to rise by different distances such that they become separated from one another to allow threading of material such as paper through the calender, each support is provided with a guide rod 45 and a sensing head 55 of a contactless proximity switch A and the underlying nut carries a switch-actuating member e.g. a magnet 50 guided by the rod 45 so that the nut-support spacing can be automatically adjusted to the preset distance 59 to compensate for changes in the diameters of rolls (1-7), e.g. caused by machining or replacement. As shown each nut 21-26 is rotatably mounted in a non-rotable retaining ring 27 on which the actuating member 50 is mounted. Should the distance 59 vary from the preset distance, the head 55 activates a motor 42 which rotates a worm 41 housed in a bore 36 in the ring 27 and engaging a circumferential thread 35 on the nut 21-26 thereby turning the nut and moving it vertically along the spindle 14 until the present spacing is attained whereupon the motor 42 is switched off by the sensing head. Failure of a motor 42 is sensed by pulses produced by an arrangement (60-64) coupled to the worm 41 (Fig 6 not shown) and either signals the failure or shuts down all the motors. The vertical and horizontal positions of the sensing heads 55 on the supports 8-13 are adjustable.
Patent GB-994856-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to air conditioning systems
Inventor: ABRAHAMS NOEL
IPC: B64D13/06
Filed: 1963-04-10
Abstract: 994,856. Plant comprising elastic fluid turbines. NORMALAIR Ltd. March 23, 1964. [April 10, 1963], No. 14246/63. Heading F1Q. [Also in Division F4] In an air cooling system comprising first and second turbines which receive pressurized air from a source and supply cooled air to a space to be cooled, the turbines may be connected in series or in parallel in the air flow depending on the pressure of the air supplied by the source. As shown, compressed air from an aircraft turbo-compressor 1 is passed through conduits 2, 5 to a heat exchanger 6 in which it is cooled by ram air flowing through a duct 28 and from which it passes through a conduit 7 to the inlet of a turbine 8. Part of the air from conduit 7 passes through conduits 23, 24 including a valve 25 to the inlet of a turbine 26 and air from the outlets of turbines 8 and 26 passes via a heat exchanger 11, moisture separator 12 and one way valve 13 to a space to be cooled. A valve 9 is disposed in the outlet of turbine 8 and a conduit including a non-return valve communicates the outlet of turbine 8, at a point upstream of valve 9, with the inlet of turbine 26. Thus, when valves 9 and 25 are open the turbines operate in parallel and when they are closed the turbines operate in series. The valves are controlled in dependence of the pressure in a by-pass line 14 which conveys air from line 5 to a point upstream of heat exchanger 11 under the control of a valve 16 to regulate the temperature of the air passing to the space to be cooled. The control system is arranged so that the turbines operate in parallel when the pressure in line 14 is low and in series when the pressure is high. Turbines 8 and 26 drive respective fans 36, 37 having inlets 34, 35 which communicate with the ram air duct 28 via a duct 33 containing a valve 32. When the ram air pressure falls valve 32 closes and fans 36, 37 operate to draw air over heat exchanger 6 and through a duct containing a non-return valve 39.
Patent GB-257656-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in drag-line excavators
IPC: E02F9/14
Filed: 1925-06-02
Abstract: 257,656. Savage, W., and Ruston & Hornsby, Ltd. June 2, 1925. Scraping - apparatus. -In a dry line excavator, the block a carrying the pulley b at the head of the jib f is mounted on a universal joint g, q, d so as to follow the lead of the cable when the dry bucket swings; the cable n passes from the pulley b over a pulley on the bucket and is then either fixed to the block a below the pulley b, or passes over a further pulley c in the block a and is secured to the dry bucket. Specification 249,277 is referred to.
Patent GB-368142-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the regulation of the voltage of power supply systems or other a.c. circuits
IPC: H02M5/12
Filed: 1931-05-14
Abstract: 368,142. Systems depending on static transformers. FERRANTI, Ltd. and NORRIS, E. D. T., Hollinwood, Lancashire. May 14, 1931, No. 14323. Addition to 341,903. [Classes 38 (ii) and 38 (iv).] Two windings 2, 3 connected electrically in series and mutually disposed to possess considerable leakage reactance, and associated with a short circuited winding 4 capable of movement with respect to both windings, as in the parent Specification, are connected to definite unchanged tapping points a, b on a transformer winding to enable the voltage to be varied between the limits imposed by the tappings. A transformer secondary may be divided into two sections and a part of such windings may be connected in the above manner to one section and the junction between the windings connected to one end of the other section, and in a further modification both sections may be similarly connected with pairs of windings, each with a related short circuit winding 4, 4<1>, Fig. 3. the junctions between each pair of windings being connected together.
Patent GB-1261324-A (GB)
Title: A rating, selecting and indicating device for a circuit breaker
Inventor: FILLET ROBERT
IPC: H01H71/74
Filed: 1970-03-24
Abstract: 1,261,324. Automatic circuit breakers; current setting and indicating in. SOC. D'APPAREILLAGE ELECTRIQUE SAPAREL. 24 March, 1970, No. 14331/70. Heading H1N. A circuit breaker having a member 5 movable to various positions to set the current rating, is provided with an indicator which comprises a flap 7 in the breaker housing 6 having a window 13, and an open-ended drum 11, having rating indications on its closed end visible through the window and a cut-away portion 12 in its side wall 11, which co-operates with the member 5 so that the flap cannot be closed unless the rating visible through the window is the same as that set by the member 5. The member 5 is a screw or plug which connects a plate 4 to one of several shunts 1. In a multipole circuit breaker (Fig. 4, not shown) two setting members 5, 5<SP>1</SP> are coupled by an insulating link so that they must select the same ratings and the indicator co-operates with one only of the members.
Patent GB-242544-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in bearings for folding and sliding doors and the like
IPC: E05D15/06
Filed: 1925-06-02
Abstract: 242,544. Goddard, E. A., and British Trolley Track Co., Ltd. June 2, 1925. Sliding doors.-A support for each leaf of a sliding-folding door consists of a runner 1 supporting a ball bearing 3, the upper bearing 4 being secured to the slotted top rail 5 of the door so as to have limited movement thereon, balls 8 being interposed which are housed in recesses in the plate 4.
Patent GB-448537-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ash trays
IPC: A24F19/14
Filed: 1935-05-16
Abstract: 448,537. Smokers' ash-trays; cigarette &c. extinguishers. BYWATER, L., 3, Putney Park Avenue, London, and PIPER, W. H., 75, Victoria, Street, Westminster. May 16, 1935, No. 14347. [Class 130] In an ash-tray provided with a standard 2 on which is pivoted a small invertible ash receptacle 5, the latter is formed as a tube with its ends inturned to form a seating for a metal ball or mass 6 adapted to move from end to end of the tube when the latter is inverted. As shown, the tube 5 is pivoted at 4 in arms 2<a> on the standard 2, which is coned at 3 to prevent lodging of ash at the base of the arms 2<a>. The device serves as an extinguisher for cigar or cigarette ends inserted in the tube. The standard is mounted in the tray 1 by means of a screw 1<b> having a hexagonal head fitting in a recess 1<c> in the tray. In a modification for use in a motor car, the tray is hinged to the side wall or dash of the car and the standard is hinged to the tray and held vertical by a spring, so that the standard can be turned down and the tray moved about its hinge into a recess in the wall or dash.
Patent GB-225471-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to time fuses for projectiles
IPC: F42C17/00
Filed: 1924-06-13
Abstract: 225,471. Metallurgica Bresciana gia Tempini. Jan. 7, 1924, [Convention date]. Projectile fuzes.-Relates to time fuzes having a number of rings set in succession and provided with locking devices for preventing the rotation of each ring before the rotation of the preceding ring is completed. According to the invention, the locking devices are constituted by balls in recesses in the fuze rings. As shown, the rings 3, 4, 5 are each locked to the fuze body 1 by a ball 12, which lies partly in a slot 10 in the fuze body and partly in a recess 11 in the ring, the recess 11 having a sloping bottom When the rotation of the first ring 2 is completed, a recess 13 in the ring 2 comes over the recess 11 of the ring 3 at the same time that the end of the groove 7 in the ring 2 comes against the pin 6 on the ring 3. The ring 3 is now unlocked, the ball 12 being moved out of the slot 10 and up into the recess 13 by the action of the sloping bottom 11 while rotation is imparted to the ring 3 by means of the pin 6. Each successive ring is similarly released and operated.
Patent GB-1345040-A (GB)
Title: Seamless steel con-ainers
IPC: B65D1/16
Filed: 1971-05-12
Abstract: 1345040 Making cans; cupping CROWN CORK & SEAL CO Inc 12 May 1971 [22 July 1970] 14434/71 Headings B3A and B3Q [Also in Division B8]  A seamless steel can body having an integral bottom comprising a first downwardly-extending frusto-conical portion 20 joined by a bead 22 to a second upwardly-extending frusto-conical portion 24 around a central upwardly-domed panel 26 extending above the junction of said first portion with the body side wall, is formed by drawing, redrawing, and wall-ironing a steel blank, Figs. 4a-4d (not shown), and shaping the bottom between appropriately-formed dies 58 and 60. The core half angles A and B of said portions are respectively within the ranges 30 degrees to 50 degrees and 10 degrees to 20 degrees. The can interior is provided with a sprayed on coating of a modified vinyl acetate or chloride polymer. The upper end of the body is necked-in and double-seamed to a can end (18), Fig. 1 (not shown), to form a completed, stackable can. Specific examples of can body dimensions are given.
Patent GB-982392-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to an apparatus for delivering discrete amounts of granular material
Inventor: RAND WALTER LESLIE
IPC: B29B13/02
Filed: 1960-04-26
Abstract: 982,392. Preparing plastics materials for moulding. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. April 26, 1961 [April 26, 1960], No. 14519/60. Heading B5A. An apparatus for delivering discrete amounts of a thermoplastic material comprises a chamber 3 having an inlet aperture at its upper end and an exit aperture at its lower end and means for heating the material as it moves downwardly through the chamber. A slicing blade 11 is disposed at a suitable distance above the base of the chamber and is arranged to be moved periodically so as to slice horizontally through the mass of heated material and sever the discrete amounts of material from the forward end of the mass. In the construction shown the material passes from a hopper 1 through neck 2, slide 4 and perforated section 5 of stainless steel wire mesh into the tubular heating chamber 3. Hot gas from a blower (not shown) passes from inlet 6 into a jacket surrounding the chamber and through perforations in chamber 3 to heat the material, the hot gas passing upwardly through the material and is drawn away through section 5. The gas may be collected in section 5 and recirculated. Chamber 3 may be lagged by a material in a further jacket 8. After the severing operation a semi-circular ejector 14 moves against the material in the direction 16, the material being removed through an aperture 17. The ejector may be operated hydraulically and together with blade 11 in a timed cycle. The surfaces of the apparatus in contact with the material may be coated with a solid lubricant, e.g. P.T.F.E., to prevent adherence of the material to the surfaces. The material may be used for the manufacture of gramophone records.
Patent GB-255600-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with note books, pocket books, entry books, and the like
IPC: B42D1/00
Filed: 1925-06-04
Abstract: 255,600. Moss, G. H. June 4, 1925. Bookbinding; writing pads and blocks; covers; refill attachments.-Leaves a, Fig. 1, adapted for use as refills in manuscript books, are. connected by stitches d along their line of fold to an end paper b which is reinforced by a strip c of cloth or the like secured by adhesive, the exterior faces of the end paper being subsequently coated with adhesive and folded on to the opposite faces of a stiff sheet or flap of pasteboard or the like. One or more sections of leaves may be attached to a flap in this manner; Fig. 3 shows three sections a secured together by stitching, the end paper b and cloth strip c being attached to the middle section and folded for attachment to a flap o hingedly connected at g to one edge of a cover f. The hinge connection between the flap e and the edge of the cover may be formed by an overlapping strip of cloth, or, as shown in Fig. 7, metal hinge members may be provided. The hinge members consist of two strips of sheet metal bent to V-shape and pivotally connected at their apex, the two strips having end tongues k, k<1> which are inserted from the outside through slits provided near the edges of the cover f and the flap and are bent over on to the adjacent inside portion of the strip. The rigid flap may also be used as a refill attachment for insertion into covers of the kind provided with an edge pocket. The end paper may be dispensed with, the fabric strip being then secured directly to the flap by adhesive and the whole stitched through for additional security. Perforations may be provided to facilitate detachment of the leaves. In a modification, the outer end of the rigid flap is connected to a blotting-pad or the like by metal hinge members or by a strip of adhesive linen.