baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-830976-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to processes for neutralizing vegetable or animal oils
IPC: C11B3/06
Filed: 1956-05-29
Abstract: A process for neutralizing vegetable or animal oils comprises dissolving the oil in a solvent which is completely soluble in both fats and water, such as dioxane, isopropanol, or preferably acetone, and treating the solution with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide and/or carbonate, preferably of more than 30% concentration, until the oil is neutral in reaction, the two phases of the liquid system produced being separated, suitably by centrifuging, and both phases being thereafter distilled to recover the fat solvent, which may be recycled.  The amount of alkali used for neutralization, which is desirably carried out at a temperature between 40 DEG  C. and the boiling point of the liquid mixture, is preferably more than the theoretical quantity required, and the solution may include salts such as sodium chloride or sulphate to assist the separation of the phases, and sulphites or hyposulphites to reduce the risk of oxidation.  If the alkali is added as a concentrated solution, the soapy pastes which form may be thereafter dissolved by dilution with hot water. If desired, the process may be made continuous by passing the fat solution and the alkali solution through a mixer at suitably adjusted rates.  The process finds particular application in the extraction of oil from cotton seeds, in which case the seed may be extracted with the water-soluble solvent, or it may be first pressed in a continuous press, and the pressed flakes then extracted with solvent, the expressed oil being subsequently combined with the extract before neutralization.ALSO:Cattle fodder is obtained from cotton-seeds by a process which comprises extracting the seeds with a solvent which is completely soluble in both fats and water, such as dioxane, isopropanol, or preferably acetone.  The seeds may be first pressed in a continuous press, and the pressed flakes then extracted with the solvent.  The meal obtained from the extracted flakes is stated to be substantially free from gossypol.
Patent GB-136490-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Apparatus for the Sprinkling or Watering of Fields, Gardens, and the like.
Inventor: NYBERG CARL SIGFRID
IPC: B05B3/04
Filed: 1919-07-02
Abstract: 136,490. Nyberg, C. S. July 2, 1919. Perforated pipes.-In sprinkling-apparatus for fields, gardens, &c., of the kind in which a number of perforated pipe-lines mounted in the field discharge water along the length of the pipe, the pipes are automatically rocked in order to distribute the water evenly. In the form shown in Fig. 4, one or more of the pipes 1 are provided with an arm 2 journaled at 4 to the piston-rod 5 of an oscillating cylinder 6, through which the water to the pipe-line passes. The distributing- valve is connected by an arm 8 to a rod 9 passing through the crank-pin 4, which alternately engages stops 10, 11 and thus operates the valve. In the form shown in Fig. 6, the water rotates a propeller 17 which, through worm and bevel gear, turns the shaft 23 carrying a crank 24 con. nected to the link 26, the other end of which is pivoted to a rigid support. In order to vary the amount of oscillation of the pipe, the crank-arm may be made adjustable. In a further modification, the crank-pin 25 slides in fixed guides, which may be so formed as to vary the angular velocity of the pipe so as to give uniform distribution of the water. Each pipe-line is formed of pipes of different diameter, that nearest the main being of greatest diameter, and the pipes are mounted in supports having grooved rollers thereon so as to be displaceable longitudinally, so that when one section of a field is watered, the pipe-line can be displaced to another part.
Patent GB-255615-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of making up business and private visiting cards
IPC: B42D15/04
Filed: 1925-06-29
Abstract: 255,615. Jones, M., and O'Brien, P. P., (trading as Carfax Co.). June 29, 1925. Perforated books, blocks, and other series of detachable cards.-Business and private visiting- cards are made up in the form of a book, block, or pad which is removably attached in a case or cover. The cards a are bound together at one end by means such as a staple b, and near that end are perforated, scored, or otherwise weakened for detachment singly. A cover strip c may be bound in with the cards, the bound end may be covered by an adhesive strip d, and a tongue or flap g may be provided underneath for attachment in a. pocket within the case or cover. Specifications 10604/87, 29181/06, 26348/07 and 203,331, [all in Class 16, Books &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-1356464-A (GB)
Title: Reactivation of solid supported catalysts containing platinum and lead
IPC: B01J23/96
Filed: 1971-05-24
Abstract: 1356464 Dehydrogenating cyclohexane; reforming naphtha; cracking ASAHI KASEI KOGYO KK 24 May 1971 [25 May 1970] 16671/71 Heading C5E [Also in Division B1] Solid supported platinum and lead-containing catalyst having reduced activity, for example by reason of use in hydrocarbon reforming which may involve isomerization, dehydrogenation, dehydrocyclization, hydrocracking or cracking, is reactivated by a process wherein the catalyst is caused to absorb an aqueous solution containing hydrochloric acid and/or nitric acid in an amount of from 0À05 to 1À5 ml. of solution per ml. of catalyst and thereafter is calcined; for example, at a temperature of from 300 to 800 C. for a period of from 10 minutes to 5 hours, and subsequently is, used in such reforming. The solution, which may be applied to the catalyst either by spraying the catalyst with the solution or by immersing the catalyst in the solution, has a concentration greater than 5 weight per cent, preferably from 10 to 35 weight per cent in the case of a solution of hydrochloric acid and from 10 to 65 weight per cent in the case of a solution of nitric acid. The catalyst may contain, additional to platinum and lead, at least one member selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, copper, silver, gold, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, yttrium, boron, thallium, titanium, zirconium, germanium, tin, vanadium, tantalum, bismuth, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, thorium and uranium. As exemplified, naphtha having a specified composition is reformed under specified reaction conditions in the presence of a fixed bed of catalyst which contains, as support material, either alumina or silica-alumina and which is used (i) when fresh and (ii) after use and subsequent oxidative burn-off and reactivation by a procedure according to the invention; and benzene is prepared by dehydrogenation of cyclohexane under specified reaction conditions in the presence of a fixed bed of catalyst which contains, as support material, alumina and which is used (i) when fresh, (ii) after heating at 800 C. for 24 hours and (iii) after subsequent reactivation either by a procedure according to the invention or (comparison not as per invention) by contact at 500 C. with air containing hydrogen chloride.
Patent GB-956445-A (GB)
Title: Automatic moisture content determination and control apparatus
IPC: G01N22/04
Filed: 1960-05-11
Abstract: 956, 445. Determination of moisture content S. SASAKI. May 11, 1960, No.16679/60. Heading G1N. An arrangement for determining the moisture content of a material such as fibre, cloth, or pulp comprises a waveguide 4 Fig. 1, including a transverse passage d through which the material 5 is passed, an oscillator 2 feeding the waveguide and a metering device 8 in which the attenuation of the oscillator signal by the material is determined by comparing the signal from a detector h which may be a crystal, with the output from a detector f at the top end of a tuning waveguide 6. The waveguides have tuners 7 and 9 at their ends, and the strength of the input signal is adjustable by an attenuator 3. The waveguide 4 comprises a hinged top portion b and the opening area of the slot beneath the hinged portion may be adjusted. The slot is lined to prevent dust from entering the waveguide and to facilitate the smooth passage of the material. A waveguide with a lateral hole for testing a yarn is described with reference to Fig. 2 not shown. In a modified circuit arrangement described with reference to Fig. 4 (not shown) the detector outputs are supplied to a single meter through a differential D. C. amplifier, the output of which may control also a steam valve for control of the moisture content. In an arrangement, Fig. 5, a reference waveguide 27 and a measuring waveguide 28 are arranged between two magic -T devices 24, 25, the former of which is fed by an oscillator 2 and includes a transfer shutter 31 driven by a motor 23 whereby the signal is applied alternatively to the two waveguides. The system is made self balancing by a two phase motor 32 adjusting an attenuator 29, the direction being governed by the phase relation between a synchronising signal produced by a rotor 30 on motor 23 in an induction coil 36, applied to field winding 34, and the rectified envelope from detector H. The action is described with reference to waveforms Fig. 6 (not shown). Balancing motor 32 is made also to drive a recording potentiometer 38 and the output to recorder 19 is applied also to a controller 20 to correct for deviations. The selection of a suitable frequency is referred to, and an example is given. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 887, 556.
Patent GB-155520-A (GB)
Title: Improved railway block instrument control lock
IPC: B61L11/04
Filed: 1920-06-21
Abstract: 155,520. Roe, N. P. June 21, 1920- Addition to 155,498. Signalling - instruments, interlocking; interlockkeys. - The lock for attachment to the siging hand levers and signalling - instruments as described and claimed in the parent Specification is modified by the provison of means for directly locking the instrument handle by the bolts 7, 14 operated by the keys. The slide 5 attached to the instrument spindle is in one piece only.
Patent GB-647586-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric irons
Inventor: WILKINSON GEORGE HENRY
IPC: D06F75/24
Filed: 1947-06-25
Abstract: 647,586. Electric heating resistances. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. June 25, 1947, No. 16724. [Class 39 (iii)] In an electric iron wherein the heating element 3 comprises an electrical resistance wire or tape arranged between sheets of insulating material such as mica or micanite and wherein a layer of heat insulating material 6, such as asbestos, is provided adjacent the heating element on the side away from the sole plate to confine the heat produced to the sole plate 1 of the iron, a heat distributing member 4 of platelike form as distinct from a sheath is provided and disposed between the heating element 3 and the heat insulating material 6. The heat distributing member, which may be a metal plate, mesh or gauze, may be bent around the heating element at one or more places to contact the sole plate of the iron. Specification 630,100 is referred to.
Patent GB-612767-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to wringers
IPC: H01M4/88
Filed: 1946-06-03
Abstract: 612,767. Wringers. WEBB & CO., Ltd., H. C., and TAYLOR, F. W. June 3, 1946, No. 16726. [Class 138(ii)] Relates to means for mounting a wringer provided with rubber or like resilient rollers on a table, stand, cabinet or domestic sink. According to the invention, an attachment bar 19 is provided with means at the ends for detachably securing it to the wringer frame and an intermediate portion adapted to receive the bolts of jaw clamps at points disposed between the frame pillars 10 of the wringer. The bar 19 has its ends, which are secured by bolts 23 to the underside of the pillars 10, somewhat offset so that the main portion of the bar is spaced away from the bottom bar 13 of the wringer. Along the centre line of the bar, one or more holes are provided, preferably as a series 24, 25 near each end. The jaw clamps, which cooperate with the bar 19, are of the usual U-type, having two intersecting bores disposed therein at right-angles. Either of the bores, according to whether the clamp is to be used with its jaws vertical or horizontal, is adapted to receive a bolt 15, which is held in the clamp by a pinchscrew engaging the neck portion of the bolt, and passes through one of the holes 24, 25 in the bar 19; a nut 26 accommodated in the space between the bar 19 and wringer base 13 serves to secure the clamp on the bar. By this arrangement, a wringer may be secured on a wall member which is shorter than the length of the wringer, or, for normal use, the bar 19 may be detached and the bolts 15 of the jaw clamps screwed into the holes in the underside of the pillars of the wringer.
Patent GB-1300195-A (GB)
Title: Chain connecting link
IPC: F16G13/06
Filed: 1971-05-24
Abstract: 1300195 Chain connector LITTON INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS Inc 24 May 1971 [20 Oct 1970] 16739/71 Heading F2Q A link connector for a motorcycle roller chain comprises identical half-link assemblies 30, 30<SP>1</SP> each formed with one side plate 32 integral with a connecting pin 34 and connected together by separate spring links 42, 42<SP>1</SP> arranged one each side of the chain to double the safety of the link, against chain link separation, over the conventional link using a single spring clip i.e. in the event of a spring clip inadvertently released e.g. pushed off the pins or broken through chain misalignment, shockloads, centrifugal forces or any other such detrimental effects resulting in the link failing or separating from the chain with resulting damage to surrounding equipment &c.
Patent GB-413117-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in boxes formed of stiff paper, cardboard or the like
IPC: B65D3/04
Filed: 1933-06-12
Abstract: 413,117. Cardboard &c. boxes. ROYLE, J., 11a, Goldsmith Street, Elwood, Victoria, Australia. June 12, 1933, No. 16763. Convention date, Dec. 22, 1932. [Class 18.] A two-part cardboard, pasteboard, stiff paper &c. box for dry or comparatively dry material, and of circular oval, rectangular, triangular octagonal &c. form has the bottom secured to the body by springing a flat bottom into a continuous groove on the interior of the wall, and has a flanged lid similarly formed. A wrapper of the material known under the Registered Trade Mark " Cellophane " &c. may be secured over the top, bottom or both. In the form shown in Fig. 2 the body 1 has a groove 2 at or near the end with which the bottom 3 is introduced, and may have also a sleeve 7 forming a neck 8 over which the lid 6 fits. The lid is similarly bound and may be arranged to clamp a " Cellophane " &c. covering 12 in the groove 5, the under surface being if desired further clamped by a plate 13. In Fig. 3 " Cellophane " &c. covers are applied to both the lid and bottom and clamping plates 14, 15 hold them in place. The lid and the plate 15 may be perforated for viewing the contents. Fig. 5 shows a covering 12<a> secured by an external sleeve 7<a>. This external sleeve may constitute the box body 1, flanged caps as in Fig. 3 being fitted in the ends. A semicircular handle may be loosely or pivotally attached to the body.
Patent GB-1385500-A (GB)
Title: Web driving arrangements
IPC: G06K13/077
Filed: 1972-04-12
Abstract: 1385500 Punched tape transport RICOH KK 12 April 1972 16777/72 Heading G4M A punched tape, strip or card reader has a driving system automatically arranged to change from intermittent to continuous drive if a unit receiving data from a reader requests further data before the tape or strip has advanced to the next read out position. A sprocket drive wheel 23 is driven by a continuously rotating motor via a spring clutch. An electromagnet 20 operates a pawl 19 to release ratchet wheel 14 to allow intermittent or continuous drive. Punched data holes and timing drive holes are optically sensed 28.  A control circuit, Fig. 3, contains two normally reset flip-flops 32, 41. A request signal for data on line 42 sets both flip-flops and lines 44, 45 operate the magnet to allow drive to be applied. The signal on line 44 is shaped and delayed and resets flip-flop 32. The signal also indicates the end of read out. If the trailing edge of a feed hole is sensed a delayed signal on line 47 resets the flip-flop 41 and stops the drive. If the trailing edge of a feed hole is not sensed before a further request for data on line 42 flipflop 32 is set preventing the resetting of flip-flop 41 and preventing release of the pawl. Sensing of the trailing edge resets flip-flop 32 via delay circuit 35 ready for the next request signal but does not release the drive.
Patent GB-860791-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to methods of and apparatus for calcining, burning or sintering cement raw material, lime, ore and similar raw material
Inventor: SYLVEST KARL JENS
IPC: C04B7/44
Filed: 1957-05-27
Abstract: <PICT:0860791/III/1> Cement raw material, lime, ore or similar raw materials are calcined, burned or sintered during movement on or over a gas-permeable support while gases effecting the calcination &c. pass through the material and the support, all the raw material forming a layer in contact with the support being covered by one or more layers consisting of return material, with or without fuel.  In Fig. 1, cold nodules of raw material of about 10 to 20 mm. in size and 15% water content are fed on to a travelling grate 2 from a hopper 9 and are immediately covered by a mixture of fuel 12 and return material 13 from a hopper 14.  The fuel is ignited by a burner 16 in an ignition zone 15 and the bed passes under a casing 17 while a fan (not shown) draws hot air therefrom through bed and grate and away by a pipe 22, causing the combustion to penetrate further into the layer as the bed moves. Cold air is drawn from the atmosphere down through the bed into compartment 21, thereby cooling the bed and passing as hot air into the casing 17 by a pipe 18.  At the discharge end of the grate a blade 23 divides the bed into layers 25a and 25b, the division coinciding with or lying above the original division of the bed.  A transverse conveyer 26 carries the upper layer away as finished product while lower layer 25a is passed as return layer by hopper 27, conveyer 28 and elevator 29 and finally into hopper 14. In the ignition zone 15 temperatures of the upper surface of the bed boundary between the layers, and surface in contact with the grate are about 1400 DEG , 500 DEG  and 30 DEG  C., the temperature of the boundary becoming about 1400 DEG  C. where the casing 17 ends.  In the cooling zone heat is carried further into the lower layer by the downwardly-passing, cold atmospheric air, so that the upper surface of the bed close to the drum 4 is at a very low temperature, whereas the grate may be at the maximum permissible temperature of 700 DEG C.  If the point of division of the bed by blade 23 lies above that of the original layers, so that part of the final product is used as return material, the blade may be displaced toward the feed end of the grate, thus allowing shortening of the latter.  Two blades instead of one may be used to provide two return layers, if desired. Fig. 1 may be modified by preheating the fresh layer before it becomes covered by return material.  In another form of apparatus intended for use with irregularly-shaped raw material unmixed with fuel, conveyer shoes are connected through slots in a stationary grate to a horizontal beam which is continually reciprocated so that the shoes carry material with them on the forward stroke but slide beneath it during the return stroke.  Fuel is burnt above the grate in two flames which may have joint or separate sources of air for their combustion.
Patent GB-497485-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of substituted acid amides
IPC: C07D213/89
Filed: 1937-06-17
Abstract: Amides containing a tertiary amino or a quaternary ammonium group are obtained by the action of a heterocyclic secondary amine, or an aliphatic or heterocyclic tertiary amine which is unsubstituted or substituted only by hydrocarbon radicles, on an amide of either of the formulae XRCONHR1 or XR11(CONHR1)2, where X is chlorine or bromine, R is an alkylene group of not more than seven carbon atoms, R1 is hydrogen or hydroxymethyl, and R11 is a trivalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radicle.  Specified amides which may be treated are chloracetamide, chloromalonamide, b -bromopropionamide and N-hydroxymethyl-chloracetamide. Specified amines which may be used are piperidine, morpholine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, N-methylpiperidine, N-cetylpiperidine, N-benzylpiperidine, pyridine, a -picoline and quinoline.  Examples are given in which (1) piperidine and chloracetamide yield piperidylacetamide, (2) pyridine and chloromalonamide yield di(carbamyl)methylpyridinium chloride, (3) pyridine and N-hydroxymethylchloracetamide yield (N-hydroxymethylcarbamyl)methylpyridinium chloride, (4) pyridine and b -bromopropionamide yield b -carbamylethylpyridinium bromide, (5) pyridine and chloracetamide yield carbamyl-methylpyridinium chloride, (6) benzylpiperidine and chloracetamide yield carbamylmethylbenzylpiperidinium chloride, (7) triethylamine and chloracetamide yield carbamylmethyltriethylammonium chloride. The products are useful in the treatment of textiles.  b -Bromopropionamide is obtainable from ammonia and b -bromopropionyl chloride, which may be prepared from b -bromopropionic acid and thionyl chloride.
Patent GB-1262764-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to battery-powered clocks
IPC: G04C3/16
Filed: 1969-04-01
Abstract: 1,262,764. Transistor oscillator circuits. GENERAL TIME CORP. 1 April, 1969 [5 April, 1968], No. 17047/69. Heading H3T. [Also in Divisions G3 and H2] In a battery powered clock a synchronous motor is energized via a bi-stable switching circuit 102 (Fig. 9) driven by an oscillator circuit 101 the output frequency of which is controlled by a tuning fork. The oscillations of the fork are maintained by current pulses through a drive coil 105 when a transistor Q 1  is rendered fully conducting by a pulse derived from voltage induced in a pick-up coil 104 due to oscillation of the fork. The pick-up and drive coils are coaxially wound on a permanent magnet core (Fig. 8, not shown) and disposed between the tines of the fork. The oscillator circuit is self starting by virtue of a slight positive bias due to current through coil 105, R112 and the base/ emitter of Q 1 , and appearing at the base when the circuit is initially energized. The fork tines are thereby caused to deflect and induce a voltage in coil 104 which renders Q 1  more conductive and eventually Q 1  is driven into saturation. Capacitors 110 and 111 serve to shift the electrical resonant frequency of the circuit into the vicinity of the natural resonant frequency of the fork. C110 also reduces the possibility of spurious H.F. oscillations triggering Q 1 . The oscillator output is coupled via a capacitor 120 to a conventional bi-stable switching circuit 102. Each time a negative pulse is received via diodes 117, 118 the bi-stable circuit changes state and passes current to motor coils 113, 114 alternately.
Patent GB-529924-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to pyrophoric lighters
IPC: F23Q2/40
Filed: 1939-06-12
Abstract: 529,924. Pyrophoric igniters. NATIONALE SOC. ANON. June 12, 1939, No. 17138. Convention date, Nov. 18, 1938. [Class 75 (iii)] The wick cap 5 of a pyrophoric igniter is formed with projections 6 which can be inserted through notches 4 in a circular rib 3 in a guide 2 on the pivoted cover so as to form a bayonet joint retaining device and a spring 8 engaging at its upper end the rib 3 and at its lower end a shoulder 7 on the cap with considerable friction imposes a resistance against the removal of the cap. Alternatively the ends of the spring may be provided with projections engaging one with a notch 4 and the other with a notch in the shoulder 7.