baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-792860-A (GB)
Title: Process for making (chloromethyl) styrene
IPC: C07C17/25
Filed: 1956-04-26
Abstract: A (chloromethyl)styrene is prepared by dehydrochlorination of a (chloroethyl)benzyl chloride by heating vapours thereof at 420 DEG to 700 DEG  C. at a pressure for the vapours not greater than 0.2 atmospheres and for a time such that not more than 10 per cent by weight of the (chloroethyl)benzyl chloride which is dehydrochlorinated undergoes pyrolysis to form by-products of lower boiling-points than that of the (chloromethyl)styrene.  The (chloroethyl)benzyl chloride may be the ortho-, meta- or paraisomer or mixtures of these and the chlorine atom may occupy either the a - or b -position in the ethyl side-chain.  An inert diluent such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, a saturated lower aliphatic hydrocarbon, vapours of a benzene hydrocarbon or steam can be used, advantageously at 500 DEG  to 620 DEG  C. for 0.01 to 10 seconds at total pressures between 0.01 and 1.5 atmospheres absolute pressure, the diluent being employed in such amount that the pressure of the (chloroethyl)benzyl chloride does not exceed 0.2 atmospheres. Advantageously, a mixture comprising one part by weight of a (chloroethyl)benzyl chloride and from one to 10 parts by weight of steam is used, the process being conducted in a conventional manner, preferably with the steam being superheated and supplying at least a portion of the heat, with final cooling of the vapours to condense liquid product which is then distilled. Polymerization inhibitors such as sulphur, dinitro-o-cresol, tert.-butyl catechol or hydroquinone may be added at any stage of the reaction or distillation or to the final products.  In examples: (1) a mixture of about 70 per cent by weight p-(chloroethyl) benzyl chloride and 30 per cent of the o-isomer, containing 95 per cent of (alpha-chloroethyl) benzyl chlorides and 5 per cent of the beta-isomers is mixed with steam and dehydrohalogenated at 550 DEG to 600 DEG  C. for 0.25 seconds, the vapours being condensed to a liquid product which is fractionally distilled to give 95 per cent pure (chloromethyl)styrene; (2) the process of (1) is repeated at 580 DEG  to 610 DEG  C. and 60 to 80 mm. absolute pressure for 0.4 seconds; (3) para(chloroethyl)benzyl chloride containing 95 per cent by weight of the alpha-isomer and 5 per cent of the beta-isomer is dehydrohalogenated in three separate experiments, the conditions being similar to those employed in (1) with minor variations in time and temperature; (4) a mixture similar to that used in (1) is dehydrohalogenated in the absence of steam, the reaction time being 0.7 second at 385 DEG  to 500 DEG  C. and 20 to 30 mm. pressure, to give a product containing 68 per cent by weight of (chloromethyl)styrene which is purified by distillation. Specification 792,859 is referred to.
Patent GB-265438-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of cotton or the like preparatory to spinning
IPC: D01H13/04
Filed: 1926-05-20
Abstract: 265,438. Le Blan et Cie, and Roth, M. A. May 20, 1926. Drawing-frames; lap-forming apparatus. - In the treatment of cotton preparatory to spinning the material in the form of a " supply," comprising a number of juxtaposed slivers, which are of equal length and have not been drafted or calendered, wound upon a reel, is subjected to a single high draft in a drawing-frame. The sliver lap machine, which prepares the supply," is fitted with stop-motions which operate on the breakage of an individual sliver and on the winding of a predetermined length of the on the reel. The slivers are fed from cans 3, Fig. 1, over stop-motion levers 2 and between rollers 5, 6 to the reel 7, on which they are wound side by side. The tension imparted is only sufficient to depress the levers 2. The winding-cylinders 8, 9 are driven through gearing from the shaft 10 on which are mounted the driving pulleys 12, 13, Fig. 4. The stop-motion not only moves the belt on to the loose pulley but applies a brake 33 to the driving-pulley to stop the machine before the broken end reaches the rollers 5, 6. A spring-controlled bar 16 slides through a slot in a bracket 21 on the frames and is pivoted at 22 to a hand lever 23. The bar 16 has notches 19, 20 on opposite sides adapted to engage the edge of the slot in the bracket 21. The bar 34 carrying the belt fork 35 moves on a stud 36 and a roller 240 on the pivot of the lever 23. It also carries an extension 340 reaching between pins 38 on a sliding bar 25 pivoted to the handle 23. The bar 25 slides through a slot in the bracket 21 and has notches 26, 27 connected by a rounded part to engage the edge of such slot. A bent lever 28, 280 rests against a collar 30 on the bar 16 and supports an arm 31 on the sleeve of the brakeblock 33. When an end breaks the lever 2 turns a bell-crank lever 46 through gearing and a cam device 48 and raises the bar 16, whereupon the spring 17 draws it to the right and operating the lever 23 throws the belt on to the loose pulley. The lever 28, 280 also moves and allows the brake 33 to operate. When the desired length of sliver has been wound, throw-out members on the peripheries of two engaging gears, one of which is on the axle of the cylinder 9, and the other of which is carried by a pivoted lever 40, come into contact. The gears are forced apart and the lever 40 operates to release the lower end of a weighted lever 44, the upper end 431 of which raises a sliding-member 45 to lift the bar 16. The device is locked until the meter device is re-set. The drawing-frame comprises brackets 51, Fig. 7, on which rolls the spindle 50 carrying the "supply" reel 7. The lap is unwound by a fluted roll 54 and passes over a guide 57 to the drawing- rollers 60 - - 63. A member 64 rides loosely on the lap to prevent spreading. The drawn slivers are collected by a guide 65 and passed through the funnel 66. A bracket is mounted on the frame to carry a reserve lap.
Patent GB-911566-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the production of a filament or filaments of plastic material
IPC: B29C48/45
Filed: 1961-04-11
Abstract: An apparatus for the continuous production of a filament or filaments of filament-forming synthetic organic thermoplastic polymeric material, in which the material is melted by the frictional heat developed by the forcing of the material through a screw extruder, comprises a barrel fitted with an extruder screw which is subjected to the action of a compression spring tending to move the extruder screw longitudinally towards the spinning pump, the screw being provided with a protuberance or a bulge, and the barrel being fitted with a co-operating recess forming a gap through which the material is passed into the barrel.  In a preferred embodiment, the polymeric material, which may be a polyamide, a terephthalic acid-ethylene glycol polyester, or low pressure polyethylene or polypropylene, is fed from a hopper 1 into a funnel 2 and passes through an annular opening 3 to an extruder screw 4 rotating at a high speed.  A compression spring 13 bears against a sleeve 12 thus tending to displace the extruder screw 4 longitudinally towards the spinning pump 9.  Screw 4 is <PICT:0911566/IV(a)/1> provided with a protuberance 17 and the barrel 16 has a recessed portion 18 to accommodate the protuberance, the two thus forming a throttle gap 19. A further throttle gap 21 between the sides of the end portion of the screw 4 and barrel 16 is so designed that it does not undergo any change when the extruder screw 4 is displaced in the lengthwise direction.
Patent GB-500349-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of coating or impregnating compositions having an aqueous vehicle
IPC: C08G63/48
Filed: 1937-05-06
Abstract: 500,349. Synthetic resin compositions. PINCHIN, JOHNSON, & CO., Ltd., and BEVAN, E. A. May 6, 1937, No. 13005. [Class 2 (iii)] [Also in Group III] A coating or impregnating composition is obtained by reacting the synthetic resins described in Specification 500,348 with a solution of a water-soluble base. Water is employed as the dispersion medium in these compositions. Examples of the water-soluble bases are alkali hydroxides, ethylamine and triethanolamine. In an example, to 1 kg. of the synthetic resinous composition obtained by heating one molecular proportion of linseed oil with three molecular proportions of maleic anhydride for two hours at 220‹ C. is added 9 cc. of a cobalt naphthenate solution in water. The mixture is warmed to 60‹ C. and one litre of water at the same temperature added. Ammonia solution is then added gradually till the thick emulsion first formed becomes thinner and clear and bright. 200 Gms. of this liquid are mixed with 100 gms. of an aqueous paste of middle chrome and the resulting paint thinned with 30 cc. of water. The product may be applied by brush, spray or roller and yields a glossy film becoming hard and insoluble after one hour at 200‹ F. or two to three days of air drying.
Patent GB-128988-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Removable Bogies for Trailers, Gun Carriages and other Vehicles.
IPC: B62D7/02
Filed: 1917-09-11
Abstract: 128,988. Schneider et Cie. Jan. 18, 1917, [Convention date]. Field carriages.-Consists in a special form of wheeled axle or bogie, a number of which can be applied to a gun carriage, trailer, or other vehicle framing to provide a combined screw jack and elastic suspension device whereby the frame can be raised and lowered relatively to the wheels, or the wheels raised when the frame is on the ground. Figs. 2 and 3 show a vehicle frame I supported on four bogies A the axles B of which are horizontally pivoted at C to spring-suspension devices D rotatably supported in vertical bearings M. By means of arms N and links O, O<1>, the bogies may, to facilitate turning the vehicle, be moved to the positions shown in Fig. 2, one pair being fixed by a pin passing through a link P and the member O<1>. One form of screw-jack suspension device for raising and lowering the frame is shown in Fig. 5. The spring E, formed of a number of Belleville washers, is mounted between a lower abutment D forked to receive the pivot pin C, and an upper abutment F screwed to engage a nut K which is rotatable in a casing G by operating a lever L. The screw F is prevented from rotating by a feather on a central spindle J. The casing G is freely mounted in the bearing M the front part of which is removable after pins m have been withdrawn. When the frame I is on the ground, the bogie can be raised, as shown in Fig. 6, the abutment f of the screw F engaging a collar d' on the tube D. Modifications are described in which (1) the lever L operates the screw instead of tne nut, (2) a fine-pitch screw is used for lowering the frame, one of coarser pitch on the same spindle being employed for raising the bogies, (3) the suspension springs E are of the laminar type, Fig. 15, the lower abutment D being vertically guided between four supports G<3> depending from the vertical pivot G<4> on the frame G whicH forms one of the elements G<5> of the screw-jack.
Patent GB-1074094-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of flat glass
IPC: C03B18/22
Filed: 1963-04-02
Abstract: <PICT:1074094/C1/1> In the method of producing flat glass wherein a ribbon of glass is advanced along a bath of molten metal as in Specifications 893,663 and 1,073,603, the rate of advance of the ribbon and the viscosity of the glass are held at such levels that the ribbon can be attenuated to a desired thickness by a tractive force applied thereto. Molten glass 3 is poured on to the surface of the bath of molten tin 7 and passes into a first zone defined by a pair of depending walls 13, 32 in the bath superstructure where it is permitted to flow out laterally to its limit of free flow, temperature regulators 29, 30 ensuring that the glass is sufficiently molten.  The ribbon is then advanced to a second zone defined by walls 32, 33 wherein temperature regulators 34, 35 cool the glass to a viscosity within the range 106-108 poises so that the ribbon may be attenuated. A pair of rollers 36 on each side grip the edges of the ribbon and control its rate of advancement, the rollers being located downstream a distance from the wall 32 such that the viscous ribbon upstream constitutes a resistance to the tractive effort. The ribbon is then passed into a third zone between walls 33, 39 in which the temperature is maintained constant to ensure a constant viscosity of 106-108 poises, such that the ribbon is attenuated to the desired thickness by the traction of rolls 23, 24.  An atmosphere of inert gas is constantly maintained within the bath.
Patent GB-575733-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of nitro-paraffins
Filed: 1940-08-16
Abstract: Nitroparaffins are produced by heating paraffins with nitric acid in the gaseous phase in the presence of a catalyst comprising a silicate glass, which contains arsenic and/or antimony.  The catalyst is used in the form of fragments or capillary tubing in order to present a large surface area.  Nitration is carried out above 300 DEG  C. and at atmospheric or higher pressures.  In the example, propane is passed through a chamber in which nitric acid is vaporized, and the mixed gases are passed through the catalyst chamber maintained at 390 DEG  C. and containing a borosilicate glass prepared by fusing together silica, potassium, calcium and magnesium carbonates, arsenic, aluminium and zinc oxides, borax and boric acid.  The nitroparaffins are separated from the reaction product and consist chiefly of 2-nitropropane, with some 1-nitropropane, nitroethane and nitro-methane.
Patent GB-1028073-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tuning devices with push-buttons
IPC: H03J5/12
Filed: 1964-03-31
Abstract: 1,028,073. Push-button tuning mechanisms PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. March 31, 1964, No. 13127/64. Heading H3Q. A push-button tuning mechanism comprises a frame 5 containing a number of strip-shaped slides 3, each carrying a substantially semicircular disc 7 the edge of which, upon operation of the slide engages pins 22 on a frameshaped rotatable tuning member. Each disc can be rotated about a pivot 9 formed as a depression on the corresponding slide and can be locked in position with respect to it by means of a U-shaped clamping lever 11. This has short inwardly-bent limbs 13, 15 extending through apertures 17, 19 respectively in the slide, and it co-operates with a strip-shaped member 21 capable of sliding freely along the slide, whereby the disc 7 can be clamped by its edge between lever and slide (see Fig. 2), or alternatively released (see Fig. 5). Clamping occurs between a fulcrum 23, situated on limb 13 and a point 25 which is almost opposite and which engages the edge of the disc, so that a considerable force can be exerted. Sliding member 21 is forked to embrace the other limb 15 of the clamping lever, which has an inclined portion 27 provided to retain member 21 and slide 3 in contact. To this end a leaf spring 45 is also provided, the ends of which resiliently engage the ends of the bottom portion 11 of the clamping lever; its left-hand end is bifurcated to embrace the clamping lever while its centre engages and is located by the pivot 9, on which it also retains the disc 7. Sliding member 21 is forked at its left-hand end, which with the corresponding end of slide 3 projects into two grooves (Fig. 3, not shown), formed in the push-button 1, being locked therein by resilient separation of the ends 33, 35, whereby projections 37, 39 formed on end 33 engage corresponding apertures 41, 43 in the push-button.
Patent GB-867634-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to punches and dies
IPC: B21D37/20
Filed: 1959-04-17
Abstract: 867,634. Cutters and dies. GENERAL BRONZE CORPORATION. April 17, 1959 [June 6, 1958], No. 13132/59. Class 31 (1). [Also in Group XXII] In making a cutter-anddie set 11, 18, one of the parts is mounted on a plate 12 and used as a pattern for making the other from pieces of metal 18 around which is moulded the base 21, 21<SP>1</SP>, 22 of the other part. As shown, the cutter 11, constructed from separate sections (Fig. 1, not shown) on a backing plate 12, is used as a pattern to form the die 18, Fig. 2, which has rubber &c. stripping pads 27 secured, as by an adhesive, in the die - opening and around cutter-elements 19, 20 corresponding with dieopenings 14, 15<SP>1</SP> in the cutter 11. Guide-rods 13 are provided on the cutter and corresponding guide-sleeves 38 in the die. A die-frame 17 having lateral screws 24, Fig. 7, to key with the moulded die-base is temporarily secured to the plate 12. Hardened metal strips 18, 19 having lateral keys 23, 231 are held by spacers 39 and springs 40, 53 against paper &c. spacers in contact with the cutter, and diefixing plates 48, 49, the cutter-element 20 and guide-sleeves 38 are positioned before the base 21, 21<SP>1</SP>, 22 of the die is trowelled on to the wax, or oil, coated exposed surface of the cutter and plate 12 to the level X, Fig. 9. An epoxy resin may be used for the base and may include an additive of iron, steel or aluminium filings &c. After solidification of the base, screws 37 attaching the frame 17 to the plate 12 are removed and more base-material, in mounds 41, is added to the base before the die base-plate 16, Fig. 10, is positioned by the screws 37 and screws 45 engaging the cutter-element 20 and fixing plates 48, 49. Excess base-material enters openings 43 in plate 16 and grooves 42 in the frame 17.
Patent GB-1389977-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for continuous decatizing of fabrics
IPC: D06B15/04
Filed: 1973-03-19
Abstract: 1389977 Web decatizing apparatus DRABERT SOHNE 19 March 1973 [20 March 1972] 13150/73 Heading D1L In a method for continuously decatizing a web 2 of textile material the material is passed round and in contact with a steaming cylinder 3 and a suction cylinder 4 by an endless backing cloth 1, the tension applied to the cloth 1 and hence the pressure exerted on the web 2 as it passes the steaming cylinder 3 being different from that as it passes the suction cylinder. As illustrated the backing cloth is tensioned initially by cylinder 11 acting on deflecting roller 11a the differential pressure on the web being achieved by driving rollers 7, 8, 9 and 10 such that rollers 8 and 9 have the same peripheral speed, roller 7, which is the feed roller is driven at a slower speed than rollers 8 and 9 and roller 10 is driven so that the part of the backing cloth passing round the suction cylinder is under a higher or lower tension than that part surrounding the steam cylinder. Different applied pressures may also be achieved by having a separate backing cloth surrounding each cylinder [Fig. 4, not shown] or providing each cylinder with a second and independently tensioned backing web (e.g. of textile fabric or metal) [Fig. 5, not shown]. A further alternative embodiment is illustrated in Fig. 2 in which three cylinders are provided, this arrangement allowing the following combinations:-(a) steam treatment on cylinders 3 and 4 and suction treatment on cylinder 12; (b) steam treatment on cylinder 3 and suction on cylinder 4 and 12; and (c) steam treatment with superheated steam on cylinder 3, suction treatment on cylinder 4 and steam treatment with saturated steam under a lower surface pressure on cylinder 12. The drive means for each of the rollers 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 and 14 are arranged so that the peripheral speeds of 8 and 9 and 10 and 13 are the same and the speeds of rollers 7, 8, 10 and 14 are independently variable [see Fig. 3, not shown].
Patent GB-131812-A (GB)
IPC: G03F7/14
Abstract: 131,812. McCafferty, J. Dec. 24, 1918. Printing-surfaces.-A printing-surface for copying documents, drawings, or other matter is prepared by applying to a metal or other plate a sheet of paper &c. coated on one or both sides with a sensitive or sensitizable colloid composition, heating the plate to melt the composition and allowing the latter to cool and set. When the sheet is coated on one side only it is stripped off, leaving the composition upon the plate, but if the sheet is coated on both sides, the exposed coating forms the printing surface. The drawing, writing, or design may be formed on the composition by the application of an unwashed blue print, or bichromate print, the composition being sensitized with a ferrous salt, or the composition may be sensitized with bichromate of potash and exposed to a negative of the design, or the printing-surface may be exposed to direct contact with drawing, writing, &c. prepared with alum, formalin, or aniline ink.
Patent GB-568214-A (GB)
Title: Improved machine for dressing fish
IPC: A22C25/14
Filed: 1943-08-13
Abstract: 568,214. Fish-gutting machines. AKTIEBOLAGET G. AREHNS MEKANISKA VERKSTAD. Aug. 13, 1943, No. 13192. Convention date, Aug. 24, 1942.. [Class 28 (ii)] Fish are placed belly down, in front of a guard plate 55, in the transverse pockets 1 of endless conveyer chains 2 which advance in the direction of the arrow A. Each fish slides on to the oblique grooves of a guide bar 12 which displaces it longitudinally until it abuts against an adjustable gauge bar 14. It is then conveyed under a bar 10, with weight 44, which is timed to press on the fish back so that its soft belly is pressed against the bottom of the pocket. The bottom of the pocket has an opening 46 in which rotary scissors blades 20-60 on the rotor rotate upwards so cutting out the throat (and head if required), the cut-out parts being released to drop down the shoot 9. The pressure of the weight 44 is relieved by an eccentric 35 acting through a link 36. The fish is then conveyed under another pressure bar 11 which squeezes part of the entrails out of the cut, so allowing them to be seized by the grippers 20-60 of the rotor 8, thereby pulling out the intestine, stomach and bladder, but leaving the milt and roe inside the fish. These grippers then open and throw the entrails down into the shoot 9. The cutter rotor 7 (and the extracting rotor 8) has shaped co-operating cutters or grippers 20, each on a spindle 19 geared at 21 to close together and spring open during rotation of the rotor by a closing cam 25, Fig. 9, and opened by the action of a return spring 22, Fig. 7.
Patent GB-1072574-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to microwave tuning devices
Inventor: HONEYBALL WALTER JOHN
IPC: H01J23/207
Filed: 1964-04-01
Abstract: 1,072,574. Tuning cavity resonators; magnetrons. ENGLISH ELECTRIC VALVE CO. Ltd. Jan. 29, 1965 [April 1, 1964],No. 13441/64. Headings H1D and H1W. The tuning plunger or plungers 4 of an evacuated resonant cavity (of e.g. a magnetron) are supported from a movable member 8 connected by one or two pairs of bellows 9, 10 and 14, 15 to fixed members 11, 13. The space enclosed by the fixed members and the bellows communicates with the evacuated resonant cavity. Where there are two pairs of bellows (as shown) an actuating fluid may be introduced into the annular space between them. Otherwise, the member 8 is moved mechanically.
Patent GB-139960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to chain-track tractors
IPC: B62D55/108
Filed: 1919-05-28
Abstract: 139,960. Caterpillar Tractors, Ltd., (Holt Manufacturing Co.). May 28, 1919. Endless-track vehicles.-Horizontal movement is transmitted from the main frame to the roller trucks by means of a resilient connexion; the roller trucks being in pivoted sections, the front section carrying the idler wheels, while the driving-sprocket is mounted on the main frame. The main frame is supported on a pivoted cross-piece the ends of which are supported by the front sections, and on springs supported by the rear sections. The main frame 10 is provided with brackets 26 which rest on springs 27, 28 bearing on the rear truck sections 22 and are connected by telescopic resilient members 39, 40 to the front sections 19. The front sections 19 carry the idlers 17 and support the frame through a crossmember 21 pivoted to the frame with limited free play in the longitudinal direction. The rear sections are connected to the brackets 26 by slotted links 31.