Patent GB-417877-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of modified polyhydric alcohol-polybasic acid resins and coating and moulding compositions manufactured therefrom
IPC: C08G63/46
Filed: 1933-04-13
Abstract: Modified polyhydric alcohol-polybasic acid resins are prepared by treatment of an ester wax with a polyhydric alcohol preferably in the presence of an alcoholysis catalyst followed by esterification of the product with a polybasic acid if desired in the presence of an inert solvent.  Other modifying agents may be incorporated into the product at any stage in the process.  Ester waxes--defined as higher fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols--include montan wax, spermaceti, beeswax, carnauba wax, pisang wax, sperm oil, flax wax, wool wax, palm wax, gondang wax, psylla wax, rhimba wax, sugar cane wax, or chinese (insect) wax and synthetic waxes such as lauryl stearate, cetyl palmitate, or melissyl pelargonate.  In examples: (1) glycerol, crude montan wax and sodium hydroxide; (2) glycerol, spermaceti, resin and sodium hydroxide; (3) linseed oil acids, montan wax, glycerol and sodium hydroxide are heated together and the products are esterified with phthalic anhydride.  The resins are suitable for the production of varnishes, lacquers, enamels, sanding lacquers, insulating varnishes, waxes and polishes.  In examples: (4) a lacquer is prepared from a toluol solution of the resin of example (1), nitrocellulose zinc stearate and a mixture of ester and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents; (5) the resin of example (2) dissolved in acetone is used to impregnate porous paper giving a tough, water resistant product.  The resins may be used in compositions with cellulose derivatives such as cellulose acetete or butyrate and ethers such as ethyl, benzyl or cretyl cellulose; resins such as congo, dammar and kauri; oils such as chinawood and linseed; bitumens such as asphalt; driers, pigments, plasticizers, antioxidants; anti-bodying agents and fillers.ALSO:Modified polyhydric alcohol-polybasic acid resins are prepared by treatment of an ester wax with a polyhydric alcohol preferably in the presence of an alcoholysis catalyst followed by esterification of the product with a polybasic acid if desired in the presence of an inert solvent.  Other modifying agents may be incorporated into the product at any stage in the process--introduction of fatty oils by the alcoholysis method if used should be carried out separately from that of the wax.  Ester waxes--defined as higher fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols--include montan wax, spermaceti, beeswax, carnauba wax, pisang wax, sperm oil, flax wax, wool wax, palm wax, gondang wax, psylla wax, rhimba wax, sugar cane wax, or chinese (insect) wax and synthetic waxes such as lauryl stearate, cetyl palmitate, or melissyl pelargonate.  Suitable polyhydric alcohols include glycerol and its monoalkyl and aryl ethers, polyglycerols, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and higher polyglycols, triethanolamine, sorbitol and its monoalkyl and aryl ethers, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol.  Suitable polybasic acids or anhydrides include phthalic, succinic, adipic, sebacic, chlorophthalic, diphenic, quinolinic, naphthalic, maleic, itaconic, hexahydrophthalic, tartaric, citric, dilactylic, thiodilactylic, salicylacetic, tricarballyic and pyromellitic acids.  Modifying agents include rosin; natural resins; resin acids; ester gum; fatty oils such as linseed or castor oils; fatty oil acids such as linseed, china wood, cotton-seed, and castor oil acids; monobasic acids such as butyric, oleic, stearic, benzoic and salicyclic acids; and monohydric alcohols such as N-butyl alcohol.  Alcoholysis catalysts include sodium, potassium or barium hydroxides, litharge, boric acid and salts thereof, calcium oxide, lead glyceride or glycolide and glycerides of alkaline earth metals.  In examples, (1) glycerol, crude montan wax and sodium hydroxide; (2) glycerol, spermaceti, rosin and sodium hydroxide; (3) linseed oil acids, montan wax, glycerol and sodium hydroxide are heated together and the products are esterified with phthalic anhydride.  The resins are suitable for the production of varnishes, lacquers, enamels, sanding lacquers, insulating varnishes, binders, cements, adhesives, inner layers for safety glass, waxes and polishes.  In examples, (4) a lacquer is prepared from a toluol solution of the resin of example (1), nitrocellulose, zinc stearate and a mixture of ester and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents; (5) the resin of example (2) dissolved in acetone is used to impregnate porous paper giving a tough, water resistant product; (6) a moulding composition is prepared from the resin of example (3), benzene and wood flour.  The resins may be used in compositions with cellulose derivatives such as cellulose acetate or butyrate and ethers such as ethyl, benzyl or crotyl cellulose; resins such as congo, dammar and kauri; oils such as chinawood and linseed; bitumens such as asphalt; driers, pigments, plasticizers, antioxidants; anti-bodying agents and fillers.ALSO:Modified polyhydric alcohol-polybasic acid resins are prepared by treatment of an ester wax with a polyhydric alcohol preferably in the presence of an alcoholysis catalyst followed by p esterification of the product with a polybasic acid if desired in the presence of an inert solvent.  Other modifying agents may be incorporated into the product at any stage in the process.  In examples: (1) glycerol, crude montan wax and sodium hydroxide; (2) glycerol, spermaceti, rosin and sodium hydroxide; (3) linseed oil acids, montan wax, glycerol and sodium hydroxide are heated together and the products are esterified with phthalic anhydride. The resins are suitable for the production of binders and cements. In example (6) a moulding composition is prepared from the resin of example (3), benzol and wood flour.  The resins may be used in compositions with cellulose derivatives such as cellulose acetate or butyrate and ethers such as ethyl, benzyl or crotyl cellulose; resins such as congo, dammar and kauri; oils such as chinawood and linseed; bitumens such as asphalt; driers, pigments, plasticizers, antioxidants; anti-bodying agents and fillers.