Patent GB-223984-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to oil burners
IPC: F23D11/08
Filed: 1923-07-31
Abstract: 223,984. White, A. E., (Hardinge Bros., Inc.). July 31, 1923. Spray burners.-A rotary oil burner comprises a fuelsupply pipe extending through a rotating hollow spindle carrying an atomizing nozzle and means for inducing a current of air to flow between the spindle and fuel pipe out of said nozzle. The burner apparatus is mounted on main and auxiliary bed-plates 19, 31 formed with depressions surrounded by side and end walls and carried by rails 15, 16. The fire-box comprises a series of overlapping metal plates 42 supporting fire-bricks and fireclay 44, 45 and carried by vertical posts 38, 46. A deep tubular or bell-shaped two-part atomizing nozzle 93 is screwed on a hollow spindle 90 which is mounted in bearings 88, 89 of a hollow head 83<1>. An electric motor 21 fixed in the depression of the bed-plate 19 rotates the spindle 90 acting through a universal joint 56, shafts 54, 73, 77 and bevel gearing 87, 91. The motor also drives through worm gearing 62. 63 and a clutch 111 the shaft 64 of a pump 110 which draws fuel from a supply tank through a pipe 113, a strainer 114, a pipe 117, a conduit 119 formed in the head 83<1> and a pipe 121. The passage of oil through the conduit 119 cools the head and renders the oil more fluid. The pump discharge pipe 122 serves as a stand-pipe for priming the pump and leads to a four-way union 123. The oil is separated from air by passing down a pipe section 125 on the union and up a pipe 127 which is secured by a reducing union 126 to the upper end of a pipe section 124 on the union. The pipe 127 leads through a fine strainer 131 to an oil-control valve 148 from which the oil passes through a cut-off valve 150, and pipes 149, 153 to a block 154 secured to the bed-plate 31. The valve 148 is provided with a continuallyrotating valve stem formed with a triangular oil aperture. The oil passes through a right-angled bore in the block 154 to a stand-pipe 158 which is formed with a detachable upper extension 161 having apertures 163 opposite radially-extending grooves 164 in a cap 165. The oil runs outwardly over a flange on the cap 165 into a rotating annular trough from which it passes by centrifugal force through apertures 169 on the inner wall of the rotating atomizing nozzle 93. The apertures 169 are preferably arranged directly above the upper edges of the blades or vanes 102 of a fan centred on a thimble 107 in the nozzle 93 and rotated by a pin 106 projecting therefrom. This fan draws air upwardly through the hollow spindle 90 and throws it outwardly against the atomizing nozzle cooling the inner walls thereof and preventing the flame from being sucked back on to its surface. The atomizing nozzle is prevented from becoming overheated by being provided with a number of radiating fins preferably made in the form of flat rings 97 having integral spacing collars 98 and secured to the two nozzle parts 93<1>, 94<1> by nuts 99, 100. The rings 97 may be perforated so that balancing of the nozzle may be effected by adjusting their positions. The four-way union 123 is connected laterally to a spring-pressed pressure reducing- valve 132 connected through pipes 141, 142 to the supply tank. The bearings 88, 89 are yieldingly supported to allow them to align with one another by flexible rings 321 having lugs projecting in one direction to engage the head and in the opposite direction to engage the outside of the outer races 320. Valve-controlled branch pipes leading from the discharge pipe 149 and from the stand-pipe 125 enable the oil in the various parts of the system to be drained back into the tank. In order to provide the proper amount of air to mix with oil spray discharged from the nozzle 93 the upper end of the nozzle is provided with a number of radial fan blades 235 preferably undercut as shown at 236 and a flat air-controlling ring 237 formed with a projecting boss 240 and undercut at 248 is fitted around the fan blades. The ring 237 is carried by a sleeve 238 having at its upper edge spaced openings 239 and at its lower edge inclined cam surfaces 241 riding on rollers mounted on a neckring 39 supported by the posts 38. The ring is rotated to adjust the openings 239 by means of a link 246. The link 246 is connected by link mechanism 258, 251 to a cap 250 secured to the top of the adjusting screw 190 of the valve 148 so as to render the air and fuel supplies simultaneously adjustable. This adjustment may be effected automatically to produce a maximum or minimum amount of heat bv a thermostat 274 controlling a motor enclosed in a housing 272. The motor 272 carries pulleys 275 attached to chains 276 which pass over pulleys 277 to the opposite ends of a lever 278 fixed to a rod 265. The rod 265 operates the link 246 through an adjustably-connected arm 268 and link 269. The burner is stopped automatically in the event of extinction by the overflowing oil running from a spout 280 on a trough 40 at the base of the neck ring 39 into a bucket 282 carried by a lever 283 which is pressed upwardly about its pivot 284 by a spring-pressed plunger 288. As the weight of oil in the bucket depresses one end of the lever 283 the other end will rise and be engaged by a pin 290 on a pulley 221 secured to the clutch member 111. The lever is thereby moved bodily inwards and operates a switch button on the switch-box 263 to stop the motor 21. The mechanism contained in the head 83<1> is lubricated by oil kept in continuous circulation by being thrown by the gear wheel 87 into a depression in the head from which it passes into a conduit 298 having a small opening 299 communicating with the interior of the head. Some of the oil from the sear wheel 87 is also thrown or drains into a passageway 300 in the end closure 83 and lubricates the sleeves 80', 80 of the shaft 77. A serrated thimble 306 is secured to the spindle 90 and a thin walled tube 304 is interposed between the spindle and the standpipe 158 to prevent accidental mixing of the fuel oil with the lubricating oil by drainage through the spindle. The lubricating oil is supplied to the head through a cup 312 and pipe 310. The connections between the various parts are such that the head, the spindle, the spindle bearings and associated parts may be removed from the burner bed-plate and a similar unit substituted without disturbing the remaining portions.