baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1392183-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for catalytically treating internal combu stion engine exhaust gases
IPC: B01D53/94
Filed: 1971-05-24
Abstract: 1392183 Purifying IC engine exhaust gases SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ NV 23 May 1972 [24 May 1971 28 May 1971 17 Sept 1971] 16570/71 17780/71 and 43400/71 Heading F1B Hot exhaust gases are treated by contact with a catalyst containing iron and/or cobalt on a ceramic carrier containing at least 50 wt per cent of silicon carbide. The catalyst may be located in a reaction chamber between an exhaust inlet and an outlet. Air may be added to the exhaust gases upstream of the catalyst, e.g. 7 and 17% of the quantity of primary combustion air fed to the engine, to produce between 0.4 and 0.8% carbon monoxide in the treated exhaust gases. The engine may be operated with a fuel to air ratio between 12:1 and 14:1 or with a leaner than stoichiometric mixture. A plurality of catalyst beds may be arranged in series in a single or respective reaction chambers and air may be added to the exhaust gases between a pair of beds. The first bed of the series may have a  cobalt catalyst and the second an iron and/or cobalt catalyst. The exhaust gases may be first contacted by a de-oxygenation catalyst, then a nitrogen oxides reduction catalyst and finally with added oxygen or air an oxidation catalyst. Up to 15% of the untreated exhaust gases may be recycled to the engine inlet. A two-way valve controlling a reactor by-pass may be operated by a thermal signal, and an indication of by-pass flow provided for the engine operator. The cobalt may be in metallic form or in one or more compounds with sulphur and oxygen. The catalyst may contain copper, aluminium and/or lanthanides. The carrier contains more than 50% silicon carbide, preferably above 80%, and may contain silicon dioxide, aluminium, calcium, iron and titanium. The carrier may be in particulate form through which the exhaust gases are passed in a downward direction, e.g. 1 to 10 m m spheres or strands or hollow cylinders, honeycombs, rings or saddles. Blocks of carrier may be drilled or moulded with waterglass and alumina binder to provide straight parallel open channels and tubes of silicon carbide may cast into a cheaper material. Between 1 and 20 parts by weight of cobalt, e.g. 10, per 100 parts per weight of carrier may be provided and 10 parts by weight of iron are specified. The cobalt may be incorporated into the carrier by impregnation with a solution or by adding one or more suitable cobalt compounds to the carrier material prior to forming. The volume of the reaction chamber may be between two and four times the engine swept volume with a maximum space velocity of 150,000 hr<SP>-1</SP>. Results of comparative tests of the catalyst are given in examples in the Specification.
Patent GB-847030-A (GB)
Title: Device for liquid-treating artificial threads travelling in mutually parallel relationship
IPC: D06B3/10
Filed: 1958-05-23
Abstract: Apparatus for the liquid treatment of artificial threads, e.g viscose rayon threads travelling in mutually parallel relationship comprises a tray 1, containing treating liquid and provided with vertically slotted overflow end walls 2, each wall being composed of a row of vertical pegs 3, such that the space between each pair of pegs is less than 2 mms.  A thread supporting bar <PICT:0847030/IV(a)/1> may be arranged parallel with either row of pegs at a location closely adjacent the latter upstream of the overflow.  As shown in Fig. 3 a pair of thread supporting cross bars 4, may be located upstream of the overflow walls 2.  As shown in Fig. 4 spun viscose threads may be treated in a three tray arrangement, tray 1 ensuring complete decomposition of the cellulose xanthogenate, tray II containing water for scouring and tray III containing a fibre lustrant.  Specification 846,520 is referred to.ALSO:<PICT:0847030/IV (c)/1> <PICT:0847030/IV (c)/2> <PICT:0847030/IV (c)/3> Apparatus for the liquid treatment of artificia threads travelling in mutually parallel relationship comprises a tray 1 containing treating liquid and provided with vertically slotted overflow end walls 2, each wall being composed of a row of vertical pegs 3 such that the space between each pair of pegs is less than 2 mms.  A thread supporting bar may be arranged parallel with either row of pegs at a location closely adjacent the latter upstream of the overflow.  As shown in Fig. 3 a pair of thread supporting cross-bars 4 may be located upstream of the overflow walls 2.  As shown in Fig. 4 a plurality of liquid treating units such as have been described may be used in series for the treatment of viscose threads.  Specification 846,520 is referred to.
Patent GB-812638-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to echo sounders
Inventor: LINDARS JOHN HENRY
IPC: G01S15/96
Filed: 1956-05-30
Abstract: 812,638. Echo sounders. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO. Ltd. Feb. 22, 1957 [May 30,1956], No. 16762/56. Class 118 (2). In a fish-finding echo sounder the echoes from the sea bottom are substantially suppressed before recording takes place; another, displaced, recording of the normal type is added on the same record chart. In Fig. 4 the recorded representation provided by the invention of a shoal of fish near to the sea bottom appears as shown in the upper part of the Figure, the normal recorded representation being as depicted in the lower part. In Fig. 5 the receiving transducer 5 feeds amplifiers 6, 7 having variable gain controls 8, 9 respectively the latter being so adjusted that sea bottom echoes only appear at terminal B and this amplifier output controls gating circuit 10 (see below) so that no sea bottom echoes appear at terminal F. A short pulse corresponding to the beginning of a sea bottom echo appears at terminal BI and may be used to record a fine line indicating the sea bottom contour. The normal display output appears at terminal FB and this is delayed (see Fig. 7) by a lumped capacitance/inductance delay line and is thereafter mixed (see also Fig. 8, not shown) with the output from terminal F, the mixer output being fed to recorder RD; the delay line may be replaced by a known acoustic delay device or a known recording- playback system using a magnetic drum, and the delay is conveniently made equivalent to a depth of ten fathoms. To counter any delay arising in the operation of gating circuit 10 (see Fig. 5) an electrical or acoustic delay line may be inserted at the point X; and to preserve correct relative timing between the outputs at terminals F and BI a delay device may be inserted at the point X1. Gating circuit.-The gating circuit (see Fig. 6) includes a known " flip-flop " circuit triggered by the positive-going front edge of a pulse derived by differentiating the positive-going pulses corresponding to sea bottom echoes only, applied at terminal B. Resistor 16 is so adjusted that the suppressor grid of valve 18 is normally at zero, or a slightly negative, voltage and bias to its control grid from point 22 is applied so that it is normally near cut-off. At terminal F there appears a signal representing only the fish and the leading edge of the sea bottom. The positive pulse 24 is differentiated by capacitor 25 and resistor 25A to give the short pulse at terminal BI.
Patent GB-477260-A (GB)
Title: Electric circuit breaker having arc-extinguishing means
IPC: H01H33/96
Filed: 1937-06-16
Abstract: 477,260. Fluid - blast switches. ALLMANNA SVENSKA ELEKTRISKA AKTIEBOLAGET. June 16,1937, No. 16778. Convention date, June 20, 1936. [Class 38 (v)] In a circuit-breaker in which a differential piston forces a flow of extinguishing liquid against the arc formed on breaking the circuit, the fixed contact 14 is arranged in a space 15 which, at least during the first part of the opening movement, is in free communication with the space outside the extinguishing chamber, the space 15 communicating with the spaces 16, 17 closed by the differential piston only through an opening 11 provided for the movable contact 13 in an intermediate insulating wall 4. In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the extinguishing chamber is mounted on an insulator 1 and comprises a metallic cover 2 secured to a cylinder 3 carrying the insulating wall 4. A second insulating wall 5 having a hole 12 for the movable contact is carried by a cylinder 6 connected to the cylinder 3. The differential piston is formed by a cylinder 8 having an insulating bottom 10 and a top 9, the cylinder being normally held in its upper position by a spring 21. In this position, the chamber 15 inside the cylinder 3 is in communication with the space outside through openings 18. On separating the contacts, as soon as the movable contact 13 passes through the opening 12, the cylinder 8 is forced downwardly, and a stream of oil is forced through the openings 11, 12. As the cylinder moves down, a collar 19 co-operates with a cylindrical portion 20 of the cover 2 and substantially closes the communication between the chamber 15 and the outside space, so that the pressure in the chamber, acting on the cover 9 of the cylinder 8, forms an additional downward force on the cylinder. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), both the insulating walls 4, 5 are connected to the piston and move with it. In another construction, Fig. 3, the cylinder 8 is stationary, and is secured to the cover 2, and the insulating walls 4, 5 are supported on an insulating cylinder 33 mounted on the bottom 10 of the cylinder 8. The differential piston 34 is ring-shaped and is mounted between the cylinders 8 and 33, the piston being normally maintained in its lower position by a spring 35. When the movable contact 13 passes through the opening 12, the pressure produced in the chamber 17 acts through an opening 27 and raises the piston, thereby forcing a stream of liquid from the chamber 16 through the openings 11, 12.
Patent GB-1124142-A (GB)
Title: Control system and fluid flow transducer therefor
IPC: F02D29/00
Filed: 1966-04-18
Abstract: 1,124,142. Measuring rate of flow of fluid electrically. CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO. April 18, 1966 [May 4, 1965], No.16812/66. Heading G1N. The rate of flow of fuel to the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine is assessed by detecting the strain in a cantilever leaf spring 36, Fig. 1, which is flexed by the fuel flowing through a valve at the end of a conduit 51, normally closed by one end of the spring. The spring e.g of beryllium copper, is anchored at one end by dowels 38 in the valve housing 37, and has its free end recessed at 43 to receive a hemispherical cap 44, see also Fig. 2 (not shown), which engages a valve seat 46 at the end of the conduit 51. The strain in the spring is measured by two strain gauges 41, 42, e.g. semi-conductor, metallic wire or foil gauges, bonded to either side of the spring. The gauges are connected in a bridge circuit, Fig. 4 (not shown), to provide a D.C. signal proportional to the fuel flow-rate, and may be shunted by temperature compensating resistors (86), (87). The fuel flow-rate signal is compared with a command signal (R), Fig. 5 (not shown), indicative of the engine fuel requirements in an amplifier (31), the resultant signal energizing a torque motor 32 to adjust the fuel supply valve (56). The amplifier has negative feedback through a network, Fig. 6 (not shown), comprising a capacitor (98) in series with a parallel arrangement of a resistor (96) and capacitor (97) to provide integral and differential components.
Patent GB-554440-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to rotary breakers for stone and the like
IPC: B02C13/30
Filed: 1941-12-31
Abstract: 554,440. Impact pulverizers. THORNE, N. A. L., and DAGLISH, N. Dec. 31, 1941, No. 16836. [Class 59] In apparatus for breaking stone or the like of the kind comprising a rotor 11 with hammers 14 arranged within a casing provided on its periphery with breaker bars, the sides of the casing are provided with lining plates 17 which do not extend to the periphery of the side walls 16 so that the breaker bars 18 bear on the edges of the lining plates 17 and are secured by the peripheral casing 19 which is bolted to flanges on the side walls 16. The hammers 14 and breaker bars 18 are formed of lengths of railway track. The rotor is driven through change speed gear of the belt and expanding pulley type.
Patent GB-130850-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Systems of Electric Motor Control.
IPC: B60L15/04
Filed: 1918-10-16
Abstract: 130,850. British Thomson - Houston Co., (General Electric Co.). Oct. 16, 1918. Systems for continuous-current motors only.-In a seriesparallel system of control, the bridging connexion is made by leaving all the motors connected to one side of the line and only one motor to the other side..so that' only one motor is energized and that motor has a full field. The motors A, A<1> have divided field coils F, F<1> and F<2>, F<3>, and are connected in series with resistance sections r - - r<3>. During the movement of the controller through its first six positions, the resistances are gradually cut out and the field strengths reduced by cutting out the field coils F<1>, F<2>. In the transition position 6<a>, the field coils remain bridged and both motors are connected to the line as shown in Fig. 8, and only one motor is earthed. In the position 6b, the connexion across the field coils is broken as shown in Fig. 9, leaving one motor energized, and in position 7, both motors are earthed to con. nect them in parallel. Further movement of the controller cuts out the resistance. Specification 11768/15 is referred to.
Patent GB-1022576-A (GB)
Title: Aerosol valve assembly
IPC: B65B31/00
Filed: 1963-04-30
Abstract: 1,022,576. Dispensing liquids by gaseous pressure. SCOVILL MANUFACTURING CO. April 30, 1963 [Sept. 20, 1962], No. 16935/63. Addition to 960,544. Heading F1R. An aerosol container valve adapted to facilitate charging of the container with propellant comprises a valve member 15 spring-biased against an elastomeric sealing washer 14 which is normally seated on a tapered face 23 of valve housing 12, Fig. 2, such that when a pressure filling head, (Fig.3 not shown), is applied to the valve assembly, the filling pressure acts through clearance 36 around valve stem 30 to move washer 14 downwardly on to abutment 22 and valve member 15 on to abutments 43 for passage of propellant through valve housing grooves 24<SP>1</SP>, 25<SP>1</SP>. Washer 14 has a tapered central aperture and is concave at its periphery. The valve components may be of nylon.
Patent GB-706998-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to luminescent materials and methods of manufacturing the same
IPC: C09K11/71
Filed: 1951-07-17
Abstract: 706,998. Luminescent materials. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. July 17, 1951 [Aug. 5, 1950], No. 16940/51. Class 39(1) A luminescent material comprises a double salt of cadmium phosphate and a phosphate of either calcium or magnesium activated by manganese. Equimolecular proportions of precipitated cadmium phosphate formed by adding a hot solution of diammonium hydrogen phosphate to a cadmium salt solution and either calcium or magnesium hydrogen phosphate or calcium oxide or magnesium oxide are mixed with powdered manganese phosphate and fired in a hydrogen-steam atmosphere at 800-900‹C. The proportion of manganese is ¢-3 per cent, preferably 1 per cent. The luminescence is yellow or red.
Patent GB-1077941-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical generating systems
Inventor: BURNS DENNIS OWEN
IPC: H02P9/38
Filed: 1965-04-22
Abstract: 1,077,941. Automatic voltage control. MINISTER OF AVIATION. April 22, 1966 [April 22, 1965], No.16954/65. Heading G3R. In a voltage regulating system for a generator including an exciter 3, 6, 7 and an alternator 8, 4, 5, which produces a rectified output, the output voltage is applied together with a reference voltage to a comparator 9; the resultant e is multiplied in a circuit 10 by a factor, derived from a circuit 11, which is inversely proportional to the generator speed and the signal from the multiplier 10 is applied over an amplifier 12 to control the exciter field current. The overall gain of the control loop is thus rendered independent of generator speed so that the response of the regulating system is not excessively damped at low speeds yet remains stable at high speeds. The comparator 9 Fig. 3 (not shown) includes a variable resistor (VR) and a bridge network constituted by reference Zener diodes and resistors; the circuit 11 includes transistors (Q1, Q2) arranged as two Miller integrators which produce a signal proportional to 1/n<SP>2</SP> where n is the speed of the generator the circuit 10 includes two magnetic amplifiers (MA1, MA2) the outputs from which are applied over diodes (D3, D4) and transistors (Q6, Q7) to the control magnetic amplifier (MA3) which produces pulses having a width linearly dependent upon e/n<SP>2</SP>; these pulses are applied to a thyristor (SCR) in the field circuit (3) of the exciter whereby the output voltage of the generator is maintained constant at a desired value determined by the setting of (VR). The system may also include a stabilization circuit 13 Fig. 4 (not shown) to compensate for transient changes in the field current, and a circuit 14 which compensates for variations in load on the generator. The multiplying factor is preferably proportional to nx where n is the speed of the generator and x is the number of air gaps across which relative motion takes place in a magnetic field in the generator, x being 2 in the embodiment described.
Patent GB-569571-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical condensers
IPC: H01G4/224
Filed: 1943-10-15
Abstract: 569,571. Condensers. TELEPHONE MANUFACTURING CO., Ltd., and WARD, C. O. L. Oct. 15, 1943, No. 16966. [Class 37] A condenser 1 has a casing 3 moulded completely over an inner protective shell 2 which consists of a tube, of any cross-section, open at one or both ends, having plugs 6 with apertures for passage of leads. The tube and plugs may be of thermosetting resin or of metal, in which case it will act as a screen, and one lead may . be soldered to it. The condenser may have, as dielectric, polymerized ethylene or cellulose tii-acetate.
Patent GB-562061-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for feeding articles from a supply
IPC: B07C5/02
Filed: 1942-11-30
Abstract: 562,061. Shoots and hoppers. BEST. C., . JACKSON, D. R. P., and MOLINS MACHINE CO., Ltd. Nov. 30, 1942, No. 17014. [Class 78 (i)] Relates to apparatus for feeding articles such as cartridges from a hopper through a downwardly-directed guide passage. According to the invention, a part of the wall of the passage is adapted to yield if an article being fed from the hopper is unable to pass through the guide passage. The apparatus shown is of the kind described in Specification 545,661 and comprises a circular inclined hopper 2 having a rotary bottom plate 6 provided with slots 7 into which articles C fall, as the,plate rotates, and from which they are delivered into a guide passage 8. One wall of the passage 8 has its upper part cut away to accommodate a vertical flap 30 which is pivoted on a bracket 31 and is kept in its normal position by a counterweight 32. If a cartridge jams in the passage, the next cartridge is thrust against the flap 30 which yields and allows this and succeeding cartridges to pass down a shoot 35 into a tray 36. In another construction, the flap is pivoted on a vertical stud and is kept in its normal position by a spring. The shoot 35 may be replaced by a curved channel which leads into the lower portion of the hopper. According to a modification described in the Provisional Specification, the rotary bottom plate of the hopper is driven through. a slip clutch which slips if the cartridge becomes jammed between the plate and the guide passage.
Patent GB-318943-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to printing-arrangements for calculating machines
IPC: B41J11/36
Filed: 1928-06-12
Abstract: 318,943. Greve, J. E., and Astrawerke Akt.-Ges. June 12, 1928. Column-spacing. - In a calculating-machine adapted to print and compute items in columns across a wide sheet of paper, and. also to print the items of any one line in column form on a narrow sheet or strip of paper movable at rightangles, means are provided for varying the number of steps of movement given to the two sheets of paper. The platen 1 co-operating with the type racks 54 is mounted in a carriage supported by rollers 5, 6 on a bar 7 and the sheet of paper 53 is guided at 8 into position and is gripped by rollers 9, 10 carried by manually displaceable spring-controlled levers 12. Below the platen is a pair of rollers 25, 26 for receiving and feeding a narrow strip 56 supplied by a roll 20 and guided by shoots 24, 27. The upper roller is depressed by levers 34 subjected to the action of springs and the lower roller 26 is geared with a ratchet wheel 44 advanced for line-spacing by a pawl 45 pivoted on an arm 46 rocked at each operation of the machine. A masking plate 49 pivoted at 43 normally limits the action of the pawl to one ratchet tooth feed but if it is desired to feed the strip through more than one line-space a key 60 may be depressed to displace the masking plate through one or more steps by means of a pawl 70 thus producing an extra advance of the strip when the machine is next operated. A pawl 81 retains the plate when thus displaced, the subsequent rocking of arm 46 acting through a three-armed lever 86 to disengage both pawls to allow the plate to return to normal. A connection at 63 between the key 60 and the carriagespacing mechanism 16 allows one or more columnjumps by the wide sheet, to correspond with the extra line-spacing of the strip. To correct an excessive spacing the lever 17 may be operated to disable the tappets 15 to allow the carriage to be put back, and a rail 91 simultaneously rocks the lever 86 to permit return of the masking- plate.
Patent GB-497238-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in relay switching circuits
IPC: H01H47/00
Filed: 1937-06-19
Abstract: 497,238. Electromagnetic relays. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and SCOWCROFT, J. June 19, 1937, No. 17083. [Class 38 (v)] [Also in Group XXXIX] In a telephone cord circuit having an electromagnetic relay whose release is effected by short-circuiting it, to ensure effective release even when the short-circuit is only partial, a dry-plate rectifier or other conductor with an inverse current resistance characteristic is connected in series with the relay. The current through the relay is thus further reduced by the increase of resistance of the rectifier so that the relav releases even when the shortcircuit path contains an appreciable resistance. In the arrangement shown operation of a switch K by a subscriber causes partial shortcircuit of a relay C and effects its release whilst at the same time holding a further relay D operated. The rectifier RE is inserted in series with the relay C. The relay C is in a cord circuit and controls a supervisory lamp.
Patent GB-439511-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to insulating material for use in electric discharge devices
IPC: H01J19/44
Filed: 1934-06-08
Abstract: Mica, prior to its insertion into an electric discharge device, is heated to a temperature at which its thickness increases markedly and is then subjected to pressure so as to reduce its thickness.  It is stoved in hydrogen, air or a vacuum at 800-1000 DEG  C., for 1/2 -5 mins., the thickness increasing up to ten times the original value. It is then pressed, if desired after cooling.