Patent GB-911401-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a servo system
IPC: F15B17/00
Filed: 1961-03-17
Abstract: 911,401. Power steering. ROSS GEAR & TOOL CO. lnc March 17, 1961 [March 18, 1960], No. 9895/61 Class 79(5). A servo system for a power steering mechanism has a reversible hydraulic motor 10, a power-driven pump 12, a reversible control pump 11 and a valve 13, for controlling the flow of liquid between the pumps and the motor which valve has a pair of motor ports 26, 27 connected to motor 10 through Conduits 28, 29, a pair of control ports 22, 23 connected to pump 11 through conduits 24, 25; a pressure port 30 receiving liquid discharged from pump 12, a return port 31, and a valve member 21 movable in opposite directions from a neutral position in which it blocks communication of ports 22, 23 and 26, 27 with ports 30 and 31, and means, responsive to the pressure differential resulting from operation of control pump 11 which are arranged to urge member 21 from the neutral position to a position interconnecting the ports so as to provide between pressure and return ports 30 31 a liquid circuit including control pump 11 and motor 10 whereby liquid displaced in operation of the ,motor will pass through the control pump. Shaft 18 of motor 10 is connected to the parts to be steered and also to piston 17 slidable in cylinder 16. Pump 12 draws liquid from a sump 34 into which liquid is discharged from return port 31. A pressure-relief valve 35 connects .conduits 32, 33. The bore of housing 20 of valve 13 has annular grooves 40, 41, 42, the latter pair being connected respectively with ports 26, 27. The valve spool 21 has a central land 45 somewhat wider than groove 40, a pair of intermediate lands 51, 52, and end lands 53, 54 Pressure, .chambers 56, 57, to which the ends of spool 21 are exposed are connected respectively by passages 58, 58<SP>1</SP> in the spool with the spaces between lands 45 and 52 and between lands 45 and 51. Springs 59, 59 are provided to bias spool 21 towards the neutral position and are preloaded to ensure that spool 21 remains in the centered position until the pressure difference between chambers 56 and 57 reaches a predetermined value. Control pump 11 is operated by a steering wheel 65 which, when turned, causes liquid to be withdrawn from port 23 and be delivered to port 22 or vice-versa according to the direction of rotation of wheel 65. Spool 21 has a number of radial passages 64 communicating with axial passage 55 which connects the space between lands 51 and 53 with the space between lands 52 and 54, and opening centrally in the annular face of land 45,. A spring-loaded valve 64 is contamed in passage 31<SP>1</SP> and contains a valve 62 opening in the opposite direction to permit flow from return line 33 to the bore of housing 20. When pump 11 is not being operated, spool 21 occupies its neutral position and liquid delivered by pump 12 passes through conduit 32, port 30, passages 64, 55 into the space between lands 41 and 53, then via passage 31<SP>1</SP> past valve 61 to return line 33, and thus has no effect on motor 10. Application of steering effort in the clock wise direction will increase the pressure in conduits 24 and 28, in the right-hand end of cylinder 16 and in the space between lands 45 and 51, and therefore in chamber 57; arid will decrease pressure in conduits 25, 29 in the other end of cylinder 16 and in the space between lands 45 and 52, and therefore in chamber 56 with the result that, if the pressure difference is sufficient, spool 21 will move to the left. Pressure liquid from pump 12 now flows to the right-hand end of cylinder 16 via conduit 32, ports 31, and 23, pump 11. ports 22 and 26, conduit 28, and liquid displaced from left-hand end of cylinder 16 returns to sump 34 via conduit 29, port 27, passages 55 and 31<SP>1</SP>, port 31 and conduit 33. This condition continues as long as the pressure differential necessary to hold spool 21 in that position is maintained. When spool, 21 does not return to the neutral position, the flow of liquid from pump 12 to motor 10 ends. if operation of steering wheel 65 does not produce the minimum pressure differential to move the spool, the motor will operate under the manual effort applied, as will also occur should pump 12 fail to operate. Two other embodiments ' are described with reference Figs. 3 and 4 (not shown). In the first, the control pump is located in the-return line between the motor and the control valve instead of being located in the pressure line. In the second, the control pump is located in the pressure line to the motor when the system is operating in one direction but in the return line from the motor when the system is operating in the other direction.