Patent GB-1245985-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicle brake constructions
Inventor: CLAY BENJAMIN ANDREW
IPC: F16D65/14
Filed: 1968-11-14
Abstract: 1,245,985. Brake locking devices. GIRLING Ltd. 13 Nov., 1969 [14 Nov., 1968; 6 Feb., 1969], Nos. 54114/68 and 6456/69. Headings F2E and F2F. A vehicle wheel brake comprises a fixed structure, a friction element movable mounted on the backplate for movement into and out of engagement with a brake rotor, a power-operated service brake actuator for applying the friction element, and locking means 10 acting on the friction element independently of the actuator and having a first operative condition in which it automatically follows up movement of the friction element and a second operative condition in which it locks the element against movement away from the rotor; there is a driver-operated control for selecting the first and second operative conditions of the locking means. As shown, opposed brake shoes 2 mounted on the backplate 1 and inter-connected by return springs 3 are operated by double-ended, hydraulic slave cylinders 4 between each pair of adjacent shoe ends and incorporating an automatically adjustable abutment 6; alternatively, the locking device is applied to a disc brake. As shown, the device 10 is positioned at the midpoint of each shoe 2 and comprises a housing 11 secured to the backplate 1 and incorporating a piston 12 and a frusto-conical clutch surface 14 which co-operates with a complementary surface 16 on a spindle 17, the surfaces being biased into engagement with each other by a spring 18; a reversible screw-thread on the spindle engages with a two-part nut 24 slidable in the housing and carrying a castellated cap 27, normally non-rotatable relative to the backplate, and a pressure plate 28 acting on the cap is anchored by springs 29 to the adjacent shoe 2. During normal vehicle operation, fluid passes through a normally open valve under the control of a driver, to force piston 12 outwardly so that when the service brake is actuated and the shoes are moved in engagement with the brake drum the spindle 17 and nut 24 move outwardly under the action of the springs 29, releasing the clutch torque and enabling the spindle to spin on the thrust bearing 23, the nut 24 moving axially, relative to the spindle thereby lengthening the assembly; for parking purposes the driver moves the valve control lever to a closed position to release the pressure behind the piston 12 to allow the friction clutch to re-engage. Reopening of the valve causes the piston to be displaced to release the friction clutch. Where, under high axial loads imposed on the locking device by cooling of an overheated brake drum, the hydraulic pressure is insufficient to release the device, the brake is freed by releasing a bolt which normally locks the cap 27; alternatively, the inner and outer parts 24A, 24B of the nut are coupled by a friction clutch. In modifications, (a) the housing 11 is pivotally but non-rotatably connected to the adjacent shoe 2, Fig. 3, and connected to the opposite shoe 2 by a rod 41 secured to the nut 24, a spring 42 acting as an anti-vibration spring, and a collar 36, splined to the nut, carries an arm which extends through a slot in the backplate and into which is screwed a pin for disengaging the collar from the housing to release the nut 24 for rotation to unload the spindle 17, (b) resilient means comprising Belleville washers are inserted between two elements having screw threaded interengagement with axial clearance between the threads so that under the application of a predetermined thrust the washers flatten to allow the elements to move towards each other and to release the locking device; such resilient means may be incorporated in a two-part rod connecting the housing 11 with one of the brake shoes.