Patent GB-190120133-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Adding Machines.
Inventor: HOPKINS WILLIAM WALLACE
Filed: 1901-10-08
Granted: 1902-10-08
Abstract: 20,133. Hopkins, W. W. Oct. 8. Calculating-apparatus.-Fig.12 is a view of the left-hand end of the machine, and Fig. 46 is a sectional view from the left. Fig. 38 is a view of mechanism at the light-band end of the machine. Fig. 7 is a rear view of gear-shifting mechanism, of which Fig. 8 shows separately a detail. Fig. 22 is a sectional view of the adding-wheels with means for returning them to zero. Fig. 25 is a section of a printing-wheel, and Fig. 35 shows a detail of the mechanism for feeding the inking ribbon. The framework of the machine consists of three pairs of standards 40,41, Fig. 7,42,43,45, Figs. 12 and 46, together with bridges 41 between the second and third pairs which contain a hinged frame 50. The printing and adding wheels 51, 73, which are mounted respectively in the front pair of standards and in the hinged frame, gear with idle wheels 55 which through wheels 69, 90, 84 are in train with a spring motor. The first pair of standards hold on a shaft 107, keys 106 for digits, and keys 154 for digit-places, the latter of which determine which adding-wheel is operated, and the former to what extent. The mechanism for carrying the tens, printing the items or totals, zeroizing the wheels, and winding up the motor, derives its operation from the shaft on which the keys are mounted, when it is turned to and fro by a handlever. The striking of the digit key 154 raises the concentric bail 156, and as the left-hand arm of the bail (not shown) reaches to the lever 148, Fig. 7, this lever by means of the pin 149 raises the dogs 145,147 out of engagement with the rack-bar 141. This releases the carriage 138 on the track 137, which, being under the influence of a spring, moves towards the left (the right in Fig. 7), until the elbow 143 of its stop 144 strikes the key 154 which has been elevated, which thus determines the position of the carriage. One of the dogs 145, 147 which engages the rack-bar 141 is carried by the lever 146, and the other is pivoted to the carriage track. The carriage, being connected by the arm 151 to the collar 66, moves the same longitudinally on the shaft 60, and brings the spurwheel 69 into engagement with the idle wheel 55 in the digit-place corresponding to the key struck. Fo.t the purpose of preventing premature return of the key 154 to its normal position, which would allow the carriage to move to its extreme position at the left, the long catch 159 is provided, which holds the key in its raised position until the cam 160, slightly in advance of the elbow 143 of the stop 144, strikes the key and presses the catch away from it. The digit keys 106 being now struck, each elevates the overlying pivoted frame 109 which brings the rack 111 upon it into engagement with the spur-wheal 90, and at the same time withdraws the dog 113 from the ratchet-wheel 89. The motor now drives the ratchet-wheel 89 and spur-wbeel 90 in the direction of the arrow, thus drawing the rack 111 forward along the frame 109 until the stop 112 comos in contact with the end of the key. The length of the digit-key thus determines the distance through which the rack 1 11 can move, and consequently the amount of revolution of the spur-wheel 90. The shaft 60 of the transferable wheel 69 has a fast wheel 65, Fig. 7, in gear with the motor wheel 90, and the transferable wheel 69 being in engagement with the idle wheel 55 in the left-hand digit-place of the number to be registered, will rotate the same and thus turn the corresponding printing-wheel 51 and the corresponding adding-wheel 73. As the pin 158 on the lever 146 rests upon the bar 110 of the pivoted frame 109, the lever throws the dog 147 to the left sufficiently to take into the next notch to the left on the rack bar 141, and as the key is released and the frame 109 lowered, the lever 146 is drawn back to its normal position by the spring 164, Fig. 7. The dog 147 consequently moves the carriage one tooth, bringing the spur-wheel 69 into engagement with the next idle wheel 55 to the right, ready for the action by the next key used. The bell-crank lever 177 is actuated by the bar 179 of the pivoted frame 109 to throw the arm 180 forward against the downward extension 175 of the pawl 173, which locks the idle wheel 55. A pin, not shown, on the pivoted frame 109 sets a nearly vertical pivoted hook, not shown, so as to hold the lever 148 and thus prevent the operation of a digit-place key instead of a digit hey. As the arm 193, Fig. 7, extending forwards from the carriage ends against the downward extension 194 of the dog 192, Fig. 38, the dog is raised out of contact with the teeth on the rack-bar 188, and the sleeve 189 is pushed to the left the same distance that the carriage moves. After the keys have been depressed to register the number as above described, the hand-lever on the shaft 107 is pulled forward and downward. The rotation of the shaft 107 forces the link 296, Fig. 38, upwardly, thus rotating the rack-bar 188 and sleeve 189 in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 46. As the sleeve 189 has been moved to the left the same distance as the carriage, the blade 195 borne by the sleeve operates as many of the printing-hammers 184 as there are digits in the number registered, thus causing the number to be printed on the paper 329. At the same time the dog 190 is disengaged from the rack 188 by contact with the rod 191, and the sleeve is drawn to its normal position by a spring. As the rotation of the shaft 107 continues, the link 223, Fig. 12, is drawn downward by. the arm 222, and as soon as the screw 224 reaches the lower end of the slot 225, which is immediately after the tripping of the printing hammers, the downward movement of the link 223 will be communicated to the arm 215, and as the pin 220 is in engagement with the recess 221, the arm 213 on the pivot 217 moves the toothed segment 214 in the direction of the arrow. The sector being in gear with the spur-wheel 212, which is fast on the shaft 56 of the idle wheels 55, the latter and the printing- wheels are rotated to zero by the contact with the pins 59 of the teeth of the comb 58. Just previous to the beginning of the rotation of the shaft 56, owing to the links 328, 341 between the pairs of arms 222, 327, and 342, 343, the last arm turns the shaft 169 so as to move the blade 267 downwardly, and thus allow the pawls 265 to swing into the path of the pins 59. Over-rotation of the wheels 56 is thus prevented. The motion of the link 328, which begins with the movement of the hand-lever, is communicated through the arm 327 to the shaft 131 which, by cam sections, lifts the frame 50 so as to take the adding-wheels 73 out of engagement with the idle wheels 55 and put them into engagement with the teeth 120 on the carrying-bars 118. Whenever one of the adding-wheels 73 has been moved more than nine places, that is, has made more than half a revolution, one of the tens carrying teeth 77 comes in contact with the inclined portion of the downward projection 122 of the pawl 121 upon the corresponding carrying- bar, and as the rear end of the pawl 121 rests upon the pin 126 of the pawl 124 which locks the next carrying-bar to the left, the downward motion unlocks the bar and it is thrown backward by the spring 125. The further rotation of the shaft 131 brings the blade 132 in contact with the downward extensions 119 of any of the carrying-bars which have been released, and forces them forward thus moving the corresponding adding-wheels one space. The bars are retained in their position by engagement with the pawls 124. In case a carrying-bar is released when its adding-wheel is at nine, the downward projection 122 of its pawl strikes upon the tooth 77, and is tripped in the same manner as if the adding-wheel were moved one space and so disengages the next pawl to the left from its carrying-bar. It will be seen from this that if all the adding-wheels were at nine and one was added in the units order, all the bars would be released for carrying. If the carriage has not completely returned to its position on the right, the cam 306, Fig. 38, engages with the pin 305 upon the arm 301, which pulls the carriage to its normal position by the link 302, Fig. 7. With the return movement of the band lever, the link 223, Fig. 12, is forced upwards, and when the screw 224 has reached the upper end of the slot 225, the link 215 is forced upwards, thus rotating the spur-wheel 212 in the opposite direction to the arrow. This rotates the shaft 56 and brings the comb into its normal position. At the same tine the shaft 169 is rotated by the movement of the link 341 so as to force the pawls 265 to resume their normal position out of the path of the pins 5P. When it is desired to print the total of the numbers registered in the machine, the total key 236, Fig. 12, is depressed, and the first movement forces the extension 76 of the comb 75, Fig. 22, to the right by the action of the inclined end of the projection 238 (which is cut away in Fig. ]2). This brings the teeth of the comb 75 in a position to engage with the inner ends of the teeth 77 on the adding-wheels. At the same time the downward movement of the plate 240 through the link 259 and arm 261, rotates the shaft 200 so as to throw the pawls 2)1 to the rear in such position that their rear corners are in the path of the stop 208 on the carriage, and the projections 205 of the dogs 203 in proximity to the downward extensions 175 of the pawls 173. The key having a slot in engagement with the pin 234, the arm 232 and segment 233 rotate the spur-wheel 230 and the shaft 72, so bringing the teeth of the comb 75 into engagement with the teeth 77. This transfers the amount on the adding-wheels to the printing-wheels, and sets the former to zero, the wheels being rotated in the opposite direction to that in which they are rotated when registering a number. As the printing faces are arranged from one to nine on each side of the zero on the printing-wheels,