baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-596056-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the vulcanization of rubber and synthetic rubber
IPC: C08K5/00
Filed: 1945-07-17
Abstract: Butadiene-styrene and butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers are vulcanized by incorporating therein sulphur, a primary organic rubber vulcanization accelerator and a compound having the general formula Aryl-S-NH2, where aryl represents a benzene or naphthalene nucleus having a nuclear carbon atom directly bonded to the S, and which nucleus is further substituted by an electro-negative group. Specified compounds are the following phenyl sulphenamides: o-cyano; o-, m- and p-nitro; o-, m- and p-fluoro; 2,5-dichloro; 2,3,5-trichloro; o-carboxy; p-acetyl; p-ethyl carboxy; p-chloro-o-acetyl; 2-methyl-4-nitro; 2-phenyl-4-nitro; 4-tert.-butyl-2-nitro; 2-nitro-4-chloro, and o-sulphonamido; and the following naphthalene 2-sulphenamides: 1-nitro and1,4-dichloro; and also 2-nitro-naphthalene 1-sulphenamide.  A list of over 30 suitable primary accelerators is given.  Carbon black, zinc laurate, pine tar, zinc oxide, whiting, lithopone and acetone-diphenylamine condensate may also be added.ALSO:Natural and synthetic rubbers are vulcanized by incorporating therein, sulphur, a primary organic rubber-vulcanization accelerator, and a compound having the general formula Aryl-S-NH2 where aryl represents a benzene or naphthalene nucleus having a nuclear carbon atom directly bonded to the S, and which nucleus is further substituted by an electro-negative group. Specified compounds are the following phenyl sulphenamides:-o-cyano; o-, m-, and pnitro; o-, m-, and p-fluoro; 2, 5-dichloro; 2, 3, 5 trichloro; ocarboxy; pacetyl; p-ethyl carboxy; pchloro o-acetyl; 2-methyl 4-nitro; 2- phenyl 4-nitro; 4- tert. butyl 2-nitro; 2 nitro 4-chloro, and o-sulphonamido; and the following naphthalene 2-sulphenamides:-1-nitro, and 1, 4-dichloro; and also 2-nitro naphthalene 1-sulphenamide.  A list of over 30 suitable primary accelerators is given.  The natural rubbers include balata and gutta-percha and the synthetic rubbers include polybutadiene and butadiene-styrene and -acrylonitrile copolymers.  Carbon black, zinc laurate, pine tar, zinc oxide, whiting, lithopone and acetone-diphenylamine condensate may also be added.
Patent GB-1046555-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pneumatic tyres
Inventor: LOUIS TRAVERS GEORGES
IPC: B60C9/02
Filed: 1964-05-01
Abstract: 1,046,555. Pneumatic tyres. MICHELIN & CIE (COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENT MICHELIN]. May 1, 1964 [May 4, 1963], No. 18308/64. Heading B7C. A pneumatic tyre comprises at least two bead wires 5, 6 in each bead 1 and one or more carcass plies 8 which, after following the inside wall of the tyre, extend radially inwardly of the wires 5, 6, and pass in oppositely curved paths, first, closely around the more or most axially outward bead wire 6 and then closely round the more or most axially inward bead wire 5, embracing at least half the circumference of each wire. The length of carcass ply in contact with the bead wires is not less than the radial height of the flange of the wheel rim which mounts the tyre. The free ends of the ply 8 terminate in the beads 1, the tread region or zones of the sidewalls spaced from the regions of maximum flexure adjacent the beads. The latter regions are reinforced with layers of hard rubber 10. The wires 5, 6 may be circular rectangular or elliptical in cross-section.
Patent GB-297946-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for winding elastic or other thread around spherical bodies
IPC: B29D99/00
Filed: 1927-07-11
Abstract: 297,946. India Rubber, Gutta Percha, &. Telegraph Works Co., Ltd., and Turpin, G. E. July 11, 1927. Balling-machines. - In a machine for winding elastic or other threads around spherical bodies and particularly adapted for winding golf-ball cores, a .centrifugal device comprising an eccentric weight constrained to move in a circular path is provided to augment and relieve periodically the pressure exerted by the pressing roller on the rotating core. The pressing rollers 25, 26, Figs. 1 and 2, are carried in a bracket 24, the spindle 23 of which is slidable vertically and carries a rubber cushion 30 which supports the free end of a pivoted lever 29. A wheel 31 having a weight 32 secured eccentrically thereto is mounted on a pin 31<a> in the free end of the lever 29 and is driven by a band 34 from a pulley 22 on the spindle of one of the rotating and axially reciprocable supporting rollers 9, 10. The lever 29 is pressed downwardly by a spring 38 and the rotating weight 32 serves alternately to increase and diminish the pressure of the rollers 25, 26 on the core 27. In a modification, the wheel comprises a disc 42, Fig. 5, carrying two blocks 43, 44 adjustable radially thereon.
Patent GB-1374056-A (GB)
Title: Production of monocrystalline semiconductor rods
IPC: C30B13/00
Filed: 1973-04-17
Abstract: 1374056 Non-crucible zone melting SIEMENS AG 17 April 1973 [16 Aug 1972] 18471/73 Heading B1S A monocrystalline semiconductor rod having a specific resistance less at its centre than its periphery is made by the non-crucible zonemelting of a starting semiconductor rod from a seed crystal located at its lower end by (i) rotating the seed crystal at a speed dependent on the diameter of the monocrystalline rod to be produced and greater than that normally used in the production of such a rod, or (ii) cooling a part of the starting rod located adjacent to and above the molten zone or (iii) using steps (i) and (ii) concurrently. As shown in the figure, the original rod 1, is cooled above the molten zone 3 by a cooling coil 5 filled with water. The zone is produced by a flat coil 4, and the recrystallized rod 2 is drawn from a seed crystal (not shown). The rod 2 and the seed crystal are rotated about their axis as shown at 7, e.g. for a rod of diameter 20 m,m at a rotational speed of 100r.p.m. and for a rod of diameter 40mm at a speed of 15 r.p.m.
Patent GB-408226-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical conductors
IPC: H01B7/295
Filed: 1932-06-30
Abstract: 408,226. Insulated conductors. ROCKBESTOS PRODUCTS CORPORATION, Nicoll Street, New Haven; Connecticut, U.S.A.- (Assignees of Reeves, B. H. ; Pasadena Avenue, Pine Orchard, Connecticut, U.S.A.) June 30, 1932, No. 18518. Convention date, July 11, 1931. [Class 36.] An insulated conductor has a covering impregnated with a substance, such as urea or ammonium carbonate, which when heated, as for instance under conditions of arcing, evolves an arc quenching and non-toxic gas. The covering is preferably of fireproof fibrous material such as asbestos but may be of cotton or other fibrous textile material. The Figure shows a conductor A having absorptive insulation C enclosed in a braided asbestos covering B over which may be disposed a lead sheath. The insulation C may consist partly of linen or cotton and rubber, but is preferably of a helically wound sliver of asbestos fibres which are reinforced by cotton threads. Both the insulation C and the covering B are impregnated with urea.
Patent GB-1394111-A (GB)
Title: Springless mechanical seals
IPC: F16J15/36
Filed: 1972-04-21
Abstract: 1394111 End face shaft seals SOC INTERNATIONALE DE MECANIQUE INDUSTRIELLE SA 21 April 1972 [23 April 1971] 18538/72 Heading F2B  An end face seal for a rotary shaft 3 where it passes through a first member 1, comprises an elastic diaphragm 4 having peripheral portions 6, 7 interconnected by a central portion 9. One peripheral portion 6 is fastened to the shaft or the member and the other portion 7 engages a circular recess in a sealing ring 8 which is urged axially into sealing contact with the member or shaft. The diaphragm has the section of a "U" lying on its side and one branch of the "U" reinforced by a ring 5. The ring 8 has recesses engaged by corresponding projections 13 on the diaphragm. The lower portion of Fig. 1 shows the seal in its unstressed condition before assembly.
Patent GB-1353443-A (GB)
Title: Auxiliary workpiece supporting means for precision grinding machines
IPC: B24B41/06
Filed: 1972-04-21
Abstract: 1353443 Grinding WARNER & SWASEY CO 21 April 1972 [26 April 1971] 18549/72 Heading B3D A machine tool, such as a machine for grinding a crank-shaft, comprises work support means 117, 118 having clamping means 35, 37 that frictionally engage a portion of a workpiece W and are releasable to allow the workpiece to be displaced and positioned for engagement with a cutting tool, means for displacing and positioning the workpiece relative to the support means, and auxiliary work support means 140 on the work support means operable when the workpiece is released by the clamping means for supporting a portion of the weight of the workpiece and providing rolling engagement with the workpiece to facilitate the displacement thereof by the displacing means. As described, the workpiece is in the form of a crank-shaft and is clamped by movable jaws 37 in half bearings 35 on pot chucks 117, 118 carried by work heads 115, 116. A base-plate 142 is adjustably mounted adjacent each half bearing and has a pivot 150 disposed parallel to the axis of the workpiece and carrying a lever 152. One end of the lever carries a roller 160 which is urged towards the workpiece by a spring 164 by an amount determined by an adjustable screw 156 at the other end of the lever. The roller supports a portion of the weight of the workpiece when the movable jaw 37 is released and has its axis perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece if the workpiece is to be adjusted axially. If the workpiece is to be rotatably adjusted, the axis of the roller is parallel to the axis of the workpiece. In another embodiment, the roller is replaced by a sphere which permits both axial and rotational adjustment. In a further embodiment, Figs. 5 and 7, each pot chuck 117 has three piston-and-cylinder devices 201 each having a roller 210 movable to engage and support a portion of the weight of the workpiece. The control devices 201 have their rollers disposed with their axis perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece and are operated to support the workpiece when a device 31 is actuated to axially displace and position the workpiece, and the other devices 201 have their rollers disposed with their axes parallel to the workpiece and are operated to support the workpiece when a clutch 81 is actuated to disengage a locating peg from the workpiece and a mechanism 47 is actuated to index the workpiece for the next crank-pin to be ground.
Patent GB-1343867-A (GB)
Title: Data processing system
IPC: G06F17/15
Filed: 1972-04-21
Abstract: 1343867 Comparing data INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 21 April 1972 [17 June 1971] 18555/72 Heading G4A The degree of similarity between first and second character strings is determined by forming a matrix M, the elements αij of which have the value "1" when the Ith character of the first string is identical to the Jth character of the second string and the value "0" otherwise. In each row, or column of the matrix (or both) only the "1" value nearest the diagonal of the matrix is retained, the X and γ co-ordinate positions of these "1" values in the matrix being used to compute the standard correlation co-efficient to measure the similarity between the character strings. For example, the terms ANNE and ANNIE are compared by deriving a five by four matrix which, after rejecting all the "1's" in each row except that nearest the diagonal, becomes i.e. there are "1" values in the X, Y co-ordinate positions (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3) and (5, 4). The correlation co-efficient given by where N equals the number of elements in the matrix (that is 20) is then computed to obtain a correlation co-efficient of 0À9827. This comparison method is used in a processing system in which an operator makes a request using input/  output device 11 (Fig. 3). The request is compared with all the questions stored in a table Q in main store 13 to derive a correlation coefficient as described above for each question, the co-efficients being then stored in a list "SCORE". Associated with each question is a threshold level for the correlation co-efficients stored in list "TH", these being compared with the computed co-efficients and a zero entered in the list "SCORE" when the threshold level exceeds the co-efficient. The highest co-efficient is then read into a register "MAX", the number of the corresponding question being entered into a register "IMAX". The answer in a table "ANS" associated with the selected question is then printed out. If, even with a high correlation co-efficient, the answer is wrong, the user types a query which results in the processor asking the user if the answer is correct, this check being effected automatically if the correlation co-efficient is low. If the user indicates that the answer is wrong the threshold for the selected question is increased to above the computed correlation co-efficient and the processor requests the correct answer which is entered into the answer table, the question being stored in the question table. If the user requests the processor to try again the question with the next highest co-efficient is selected if it exceeds its threshold level. The system may be used in adaptive query systems such as passenger reservation systems or language processors.
Patent GB-1043608-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in power hammer
IPC: E02D7/12
Filed: 1964-05-05
Abstract: 1,043,608. Power hammers. KUPKA, J. J., HORNSTEIN, M., HORNSTEIN, L., and GOLDMAN, E., [trading as KHG ASSOCIATES]. May 5, 1964 [May 31, 1963], No. 18612/64. Heading B3H. A power hammer, particularly for driving piles, comprises a differential ram 10, 12, Fig. 1 (not shown), working in a differential cylinder 11, 13 and providing an annular expansion chamber 16 to which working fluid is admitted at the bottom of the stroke through one or more flutes 23 in the ram. Steam or compressed air is supplied through port 27 to a chest 24 having ports 25 communicating with an annular groove 26. At the bottom stroke position the fluid passes through the flutes 23 into the chamber 16 to raise the ram. Simultaneously pressure acts through port 33 on a differential piston valve 38 which opens to exhaust the space above ram 10. When the ram uncovers port 34 pressure fluid is admitted above the valve 38 which is lowered to close the exhaust and open a side valve 48 in the cylinder wall whereby fluid from chamber 16 passes through ducts 42, 44 into the top of the cylinder to cushion the upstroke. During the subsequent downstroke the port 34 is closed whereby the valve 38 is raised to close the side valve 48 and open the exhaust. A bleed passage 55 ensures that the ram is always raised sufficiently to open port 34. Sealing rings 17 and a packing 30 engage the lower portion of the ram.
Patent GB-382944-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to receptacles or containers
IPC: A61F7/02
Filed: 1931-07-28
Abstract: 382,944. Coverings for liquid containing vessels. FAULTLESS RUBBER CO., Ashland, Ohio, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Miller, T. W. and Greene, A. D.; Ashland, Ohio, U.S.A.) July 28, 1931, No. 18687/32. Convention date, Aug. 18, 1930. Divided on 383,279. [Class 66.] A sponge rubber holder 15 for a receptacle or container such as a hot-water bottle, is provided with apertures 22 for radiation of heat. Specification 383,279 is referred to.
Patent GB-1326132-A (GB)
Title: Slung furniture
IPC: A47C7/18
Filed: 1971-06-03
Abstract: 1326132 Seats; upholstery's furniture joints KNOLL INTERNATIONAL Inc 3 June 1971 [8 June 1970] 18723/71 Headings A4H A4J and A4M [Also in Division E2] In an article of furniture comprising two side pieces 30 joined by front and rear stretchers 32 and a "support structure" 34, e.g. forming the seat and back of a chair, slung between the stretchers, each stretcher has a channel 32c in which the corresponding edge of the support structure is engaged. In the form shown, the structure 34 comprises padding 34h, 34i between fabric sheets 34a...34c (see below), the ends of these sheets being wrapped and stitched round cords 34d-34g to form beads which can be slid longitudinally into the channels 32c and cannot be pulled out of them laterally. The structure 34 may alternatively comprise a single piece of fabric with beads of the same form, or may be formed of a sheet of rigid or semi-rigid material with lips at the ends to hook into the channels 32c, Fig.25 (not shown). The ends of the stretchers 32 fit over bosses 36a' on the side pieces 30 and are secured thereon by bolts 44 which expand rubber bushes 40 into gripping engagement with the interior of the stretchers by compression between blocks 38, 42. In a modification, Fig.4 (not shown), the end of the stretcher fits in a corresponding recess in the side piece 30 and is secured in the same way. In a further form, the bolt 44 is screwed directly into a solid stretcher. In either of these forms a seat of two or more units side by side may be constructed by using a single piece 30 between each unit and the next with a stretcher connected to each side of it as described. An arm-rest made with suitable end formations may be fixed to the side pieces by the same means as the stretchers, Figs.22, 23 (not shown). Two seats may be secured back-to-back by link members formed and fixed in a similar way. A long settee may be produced by using stretchers and "support structure" of suitable dimensions, and the latter may be divided into units by rows of stitching; a curved settee is formed by using a front stretcher shorter than the rear one, with a suitably shaped "support structure", the stretchers being curved beforehand or during assembly of the article. Upholstery. The seat and back unit 34 shown in Fig.3, for attachment to stretcher members 32 as described above, is formed by stitching together two flat pieces of fabric 34a, 34b, and a tension sheet 34c to take the load, along their longitudinal edges and along a transverse line 34j to form distinct seat and back portions in the form of openended bags, stuffing these bags with plastics foam or other resilient material, and closing the mouths of the bags by sliding them into the securing channels 32c as shown. The ends of the structure 34 may be wrapped completely round the stretchers before entering the channels 32c, Fig.20 (not shown), or the latter may be arranged on the lower side of the stretchers and the upholstery wrapped round to a lesser extent accordingly, Fig.19 (not shown). The division into units may be omitted in the case of a stool or bench.
Patent GB-1428265-A (GB)
Title: Four-drinier paper-making machine
IPC: D21F9/02
Filed: 1973-04-18
Abstract: 1428265 Paper-making machines J M VOITH GmbH 18 April 1973 [20 April 1972] 18785/73 Heading D2A In a paper-making machine including a looped Fourdrinier wire 1, a base wire 4 is provided within the loop to move in contact with the Fourdrinier wire 1 in the webforming zone, the base wire being of felt or a plastics mesh to apply capillary forces to extract white water from the web and store at least part of it so that sudden changes in dewatering pressure in the web-forming zone are avoided, means such as a suction box 5 and spray tube 6 being provided to adjust the water content of the base wire in the region where the wires 1, 4 are apart. As shown in Fig. 1, the base wire 4 passes beneath the Fourdrinier wire 1 over the breast roll 2 adjacent stock inlet 3 and leaves the wire at a support 10 at the downstream end of a series of suction chambers, a suction box 7 cleaning and dewatering the base wire 4. Two such machines may be combined as in Fig. 2 to make two webs which are subsequently combined to form a composite paper. In a modification (Fig. 3-not shown) the base wire 4 underlies the Fourdrinier wire in two separate dewatering sections, a suction box (7) dewatering the base wire between the sections.
Patent GB-673737-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to power transmission apparatus
Inventor: HOBBS HOWARD FREDERICK
IPC: F16D25/0635
Filed: 1948-07-13
Abstract: 673,737. Friction clutches. HOBBS TRANSMISSION, Ltd. Aug. 12, 1949 [July 13, 1948],. No. 18794/48. Class 80 (ii). In a hydraulically-actuated friction clutchhaving valveless ducting 41, 42 leading from a. liquid supply pump 30 and a stationary control valve (not shown) to the inlet port 43 of a radially-outwardly spring urged valve 45 of the liquid-pressure centrifugally balanced type monitoring supply to and discharge from the clutch. pressure space 20 through a single port or, as. shown, ports 48, 49 respectively and which,.. when forced inwardly on opening of the control valve, and after closing communication between the port 49 and an exhaust port 50, moves an appreciable distance inwards before opening communication between the ports 43, 48, cavitation in the supply system between the control valve and the pressure space 20 is prevented by making the cross-sectional area of a radially outer part of the system, as the port 48 and/or all or part of the duct 42 and/or the radially outer end of the duct 41, considerably less than, and preferably not more than one-half of, the cross-sectional area of a radially inner part of the system, i.e. the appropriate part of the duct 41, upstream of the radially outer part. As applied to a double clutch, a rotary housing, comprising plates 12, 13 and a valve body 14, is bolted to a driving engine flywheel 10. The driven discs 3, 4 of the two clutches can be selectively engaged with the housing by presser plates 22, 23 backed by heat insulating plates 24, 25 and operated by flexible side walls 15, 16 of clutch pressure spaces 20, 21. The space 21 is supplied from the pump 30 through a system similar to that supplying the space 20 and monitored by a valve (not shown) similar to the valve 45. Clutch disengaging springs 26, 27 are provided. Each space 20, 21 has a further exhaust port 28 monitored by a centrifugally actuated valve 29 acting automatically to engage and disengage the clutch at a predetermined low speed. The control valve, which is mounted on the pump body 31, selectively controls the liquid supply from the pump 30 to grooves 32, 33 co-acting through a drilled sleeve 34 with grooves 35, 36 leading to the respective clutches. A drilling 52 prevents fluid being trapped beneath the valve 45. To reduce the torque capacity of a clutch constructed in accordance with the invention, the clutch pressure space may be provided with a permanently open exhaust so that the pressure liquid circulates whilst the-clutch is engaged, and, according to the Provisional Specification, can comprise oil which is led away to lubricate and cool the friction surfaces. Further according to the Provisional Specification, the clutch pressure space may be L-shaped or triangular in section, the axial depth being greatest at the innermost radius thereof.
Patent GB-229201-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to light projectors
IPC: B61L5/18
Filed: 1924-08-07
Abstract: 229,201. Lebby, S. L. Aug. 7, 1924. Projectors; signal and like lamps; mounting clectric lamps in lanterns.-A light projector, such as a railway signal lamp, is provided with a universally adjustable source of light and with a focusing target which forms part of the projector. The electric lamp bulb 23 is off-set from the upper end of a flattened hollow standard 22, the lower end 21 of which is slidably mounted for vertical and rotary adjustment in a hollow tapered extension 18 of a plate 16 which is adjustable longitudinally of the cylindrical casing 5 by means of a lock nut 20 and pin-and-slot connections 17. At the front of the casing is a glass cover 10 carried by a door 9, the inner surface of which is preferably painted a dull colour to form a focusing target 12 around a circular opening 11 of a diameter equal to that of the normal beam at this point. The casing is also provided with an angularly disposed peep-hole 15 for viewing the target 12, and with a pair of sights 13, 14 for directing the projector.