Patent GB-802853-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisable compositions and their production of polymer products therefrom
Inventor: BARNEY ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
IPC: C08F291/18
Filed: 1956-12-21
Abstract: An addition polymerizable composition comprises an addition polymer having a plurality of extralinear salt-forming groups, an ethylenically unsaturated addition polymerisable monomer component having at least one complementary salt-forming group, and an addition polymerization initiator.  Salt forming polymers specified are those derived from acidic monomers such as acrylic, methacrylic, ethacrylic, chloroacrylic, crotonic, sorbic, vinylsulphonic, -phosphonic, -benzoic, benzene-sulphonic, allyl sulphonic, itaconic, maleic and citraconic acids, vinyl phosphate and vinyl sulphate, and also polymers in which the acid groups have been introduced after polymerization, e.g. sulphonated polystyrene and a phosphated butyl methacrylate/glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, and basic monomers such as allylamine, diallylamine, p-(b -diethyl aminoethyl) and p-(b -dimethylaminoethyl) styrenes, 3-vinyl pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine, 2-vinyl - 5 - ethyl pyridine, b  - methylaminoethyl acrylate, #-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 4-diethylaminocyclohexyl methacrylate, b ,b -dioctylaminoethyl acrylate, b -aminoethyl vinyl ether, b -diethylaminoethyl vinyl ether N-(b -dimethylaminoethyl) acrylamide and also polymers in which the basic groups have been introduced after polymerization, e.g. by reacting with ammonia or amines mono-olefin/carbon monoxide polymers, polyvinyl methyl ketone, polymers of allyl glycidyl ether and glycidyl methacrylate and polymers of vinyl chloracetate and vinyl chloride and by the reduction of acrylonitrile polymers.  Other monomeric materials may be combined in the acid or basic copolymers such as ethylene, isobutylene, acrylonitrile, methyl, butyl and cyclohexyl methacrylates, vinyl and vinylidene chlorides and fluorides, tetrafluoroethylene, vinyl formate, acetate and trimethyl acetate, styrene, vinyl naphthalene, methyl vinyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ether, butadiene, 2-fluoro- and 2-chlorobutadienes, monovinyl- and divinyl-acetylenes, fumaric, maleic, itaconic and citraconic esters, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and acetylene.  Salt forming monomers specified are methacrylic acid, 2-vinyl pyridine, b -diethylaminoethyl methacrylate and b -methacryloxytrimethylammonium methyl sulphate which may be used alone or in conjunction with other monomers such as acrylic and alkacrylic esters, nitriles and amides and polyunsaturated monomers such as acrylic and methacrylic esters of polymethylene and polyethylene glycols, divinyl benzene, crotyl methacrylate, diallyl phthalate, diallyl maleate and triallyl cyanurate. Polymerization initiators specified are: (a) thermal initiators such as benzoyl, lauroyl and ditert. - butyl peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, barium and sodium peroxides, ammonium, sodium and potassium persulphates, redox systems, e.g. ferrous ion/organic hydroperoxides, mercaptans/peroxides and persulphates/bisulphite ion, ascaridole, benzalazine, azodiisobutyronitrile, azodiisobutyramidine dihydrochloride and azodicyclohexanecarbonitrile; and (b) photopolymerization catalysts such as diacetyl, benzil, benzoin, pivaloin, benzoin methyl and ethyl ethers, and a -methyl-, a -allyl and a -phenyl benzoins.  Also present in the polymerizable mixture may be plasticisers such as dibutyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, tricresyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate and polypropylene glycol adipate and inert solids such as barium sulphate, bentonite, silica, powdered glass, titanium oxide, chromic oxide, mica, carbon black, wood flour, cotton flock, ethylene/sulphur dioxide polymers, phenol/, urea/, and melamine/formaldehyde resins and natural and synthetic fibres in woven and non-woven form.  The compositions may be polymerised either thermally or with the aid of actinic light to produce ionically cross-linked polymeric bodies.  The polymerization using actinic light may be used to produce relief printing images by the insolubilization of the composition in areas exposed to actinic light through a process transparency.  Specifications 475,131 and 475,132 are referred to.