baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-136613-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Apparatus for Controlling or Actuating Detection Devices in Railway Point Operating Apparatus and the like.
IPC: B61L5/10
Filed: 1918-12-14
Abstract: 136,613. Saxby & Farmer, and Rose, A. C. Dec. 14, 1918. Interlocking signals and points.-The operation of a detection device is effected or controlled by the combined full movement of the point-operating mechanism and of both the tongues of the points themselves. The points shown are operated by a mechanism as described in Specification 26362/07, including a cam-member 8 pivoted on a pivoted bar 5 and movable transversely of the track rails. A bar 18 is jointed to the points blade 2 and to the rod 19, which is connected to the cam 8 and to the rod 20. Thus the cross-slide 21 is moved by the combined action of the pointsoperating member 8 and the points-blade 2. The slide 24 is operated by both points-blades through the lever 14.
Patent GB-1419914-A (GB)
Title: Method of manufacture of elongated forgings with at least one  enlarged end in a closed die and die adapted for this method
IPC: B21J5/08
Filed: 1974-05-10
Abstract: 1419914 Forging; making crank or connecting rods VYZKUMNY USTAV TVARECICH STROJU A TECHNOLOGIE TVARENI 10 May 1974 [14 May 1973] 20890/74 Headings B3H and B3A An elongated forging is made by placing a length of rolled stock in a cavity 1a of a die part 1, forging the stock using die parts 2, 3 movable transverse the stock axis followed by a second forging using a die part 4 movable axially of the stock. The die part 4 causes upsetting of the ends of the stock enclosed by the die parts 1, 2, 3. The rolled stock is produced by cross wedge rolling and has a volume for unit length distribution approximately the same as that of the elongated forging. The forging may be a pedal crank or a connecting rod of a two stoke engine.
Patent GB-1531154-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for continuous casting
IPC: B22D11/14
Filed: 1976-05-21
Abstract: 1531154 Tundishes FUNABASHI STEEL WORKS Ltd 21 May 1976 [30 May 1975] 21143/76 Heading F4B [Also in Division B3] Of apparatus including a melting furnace and at least one tundish 1 having a number of nozzles 9, at least one nozzle is plugged initially, as by a stopper 11 and filler material 18, e.g. a mixture of silica sand and carbonaceous material such as coke powder for preventing fusion of metal with the nozzle; the nozzle 9 is unplugged for metal outflow after a period of time determined according to the production cycle of melt by the furnace. The purpose is to match the throughput of melt (steel) in a multistrand apparatus, e.g. with four moulds 8, to the rate of melting, by delaying the use of one strand line. Once the nozzle 9 is open it remains so until the nozzles 9 need replacement. Two ladles 10 may be used, each receiving one complete furnace charge, the tundish providing sufficient reserve capacity to allow the interchange of full and empty ladles and facilitate continuous use of the furnace. The lined metal tundish 1 is mounted on legs 3 and wheels 4 running on tracks 5. It is preheated after plugging. The filler 18 is introduced through a funnel 19 from a bucket, or, as shown, a container 20 divided by slidable plates 21 into compartments each containing a filler charge.
Patent GB-500119-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to optical image producing arrangements
IPC: H01J29/88
Filed: 1937-07-30
Abstract: 500,119. Discharge apparatus. EHRENBERG, W. July 30, 1937, No. 21162. [Class 39 (i)] In an electron-discharge device, such as a cathode-ray tube, in which an optical image is produced, to reduce scattering or reflection of light, all or most parts of the wall of the tube, with the exception of that through which the screen is viewed, are coated on the outside with a light-absorbing material, the refractive index of which is substantially the same as that of the material of the tube. Black cellulose or lacquer, an example of which is given, may be sprayed or brushed onto the tube.
Patent GB-865420-A (GB)
Title: Process for obtaining pure polyalkylene derivatives
IPC: C08G65/30
Filed: 1957-07-04
Abstract: One or more esters of poly alkylene glycol mono alkyl esters with alkanoic acids containing not more than five carbon atomes and subsequently, if desired, the corresponding poly alkylene glycol mono alkyl ethers, are obtained as individual compounds from a mixture of poly alkylene glycol mono-alkyl ethers of an average molecular weight not exceeding 600, the alkyl groups being the same in all compounds of the mixture, by converting the mixture into a mixture of their esters with a single alkanoic acid having not more than five carbon atoms by reaction with the acid or a functional derivative thereof, subjecting the resulting mixture of esters to fractional distillation and collecting one or more fractions, each fraction consisting of a single ester and, if desired, deacylating the isolated ester.  The invention comprises also as single new compounds the acetates of the mono-methyl ethers of octa-, nona- and deca-ethylene glycols. After deacylation, effected for example by hydrolysis with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compound of alkaline reaction, the liberated poly glycol mono ether may be recovered from the hydrolysis solution by salting out or concentrating down, followed by extraction with a solvent.  In Examples: (1) a mixture of the monomethyl ethers of octa-, nono- and deca-ethylene glycols is esterified with acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine, the resulting ester mixture is stripped of acetic acid and excess acetic anhydride and fractionally distilled under high vacuum in a double-tube column; separate fractions of the individual pure ether-esters are collected and separately saponified and the ether alcohol recovered; (2) a poly ethylene glycol mono methyl ether (mean M.W. 350) is esterified with acetic anhydride and fractionated as in (1) and a pure nona-ethylene glycol mono-methyl ether acetate recovered and deacylated; (3)-(4) a commercial triethylene glycol mono methyl ether is esterified as above, fractionated under reduced pressure and a pure fraction of triethylene glycol mono methyl ether acetate is collected and saponified; (5) a commercial poly ethylene glycol mono-methyl ether (mean M.W. 425) is esterified as in (2) and fractionated in the column of (1) to obtain an almost pure nona-ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate fraction which is then redistilled to obtain the pure ester which is thereafter hydrolysed as above.
Patent GB-163616-A (GB)
Title: Improvements connected with watch pendants
IPC: G04B37/14
Filed: 1920-07-14
Abstract: 163,616. Wachter, L. E. F. July 14, 1920. Bows and pendants.-In watch pendants in which the two ends of the bow are held between the two parts of a sleeve which is secured on a reduced part of the pendant by a screwed nut &c., the divided sleeve 8 is provided with int.egral diametrically opposed extensions 8<a> in which are formed the seatings for the two ends of the bow. A screwed nut 12 secures the two parts of the sleeve and serves as a guide for the winding-crown.
Patent GB-1063895-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ion exchange membrane assemblies
IPC: B01D63/08
Filed: 1964-05-22
Abstract: <PICT:1063895/C6-C7/1> <PICT:1063895/C6-C7/2> An ion-exchange membrane assembly for use in electro-dialysis apparatus comprises an endless loop of ion-selective material tightly surrounding a cell frame which has a central opening therethrough such that the central opening is completely covered; see Figs. 14 and 20. Many ways of securing the ion-exchange material to the frame are specified. Opposite sides of the cell frame may be covered by anion and cation selective material respectively.  Fig. 1 (not shown) illustrates the use of such assemblies in an electro-dialysis apparatus for, e.g. removing acidity from fruit juices.  Polyethylene film suitably treated, may be used as the ionselective material.
Patent GB-220466-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in stereotype casting machines
IPC: B41D3/00
Filed: 1923-08-22
Abstract: 220,466. Sokal, S., (Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-N³rnberg Akt.-Ges.). Aug. 22, 1923. Cam-actuated pumps; bever-actuated pumps; actuating by weight; pumps for molten materials. -A pump for use in forcing metal to the mould of a stereotype casting-machine comprises a piston 10 working in a cylinder 9 in the melting-pot 5 and controlled by a cam 16 on a disc 13 and by an adjustable weight 22 on one arm of a lever 20 pivoted to the piston rod. Rotation of the disc in an anticlockwise direction causes the raising of the piston from the position shown to effect the withdrawal of the metal from the conduit 4, and the opening of the mould. On reverse rotation of the disc, movement of the piston under the influence of the weight 22 is prevented, during the closing of the mould, by causing the end of the lever 20 to ride over the top of a spring-pressed pawl 18 in contact with the cam 16. Normally the lever 20 does not rest on the cam, the piston being pressed down until the weight of metal in the conduit 4 and in a head of metal 3 balances the weight 22, in order to maintain a constant pressure on the stereoplate during casting in case of leakage past the piston.
Patent GB-942090-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fertilizers
Inventor: PRICE OWEN THOMAS WILLIAMS
IPC: C05B17/00
Filed: 1961-06-13
Abstract: Granular mixed fertilizers comprise ammonium nitrate and finely divided rock phosphate, in which the N : P2O5 ratio is from 90 : 29 to 1 : 2, the sum of the proportions expressed as percentages (number of plant food units) being at least 20.  The fertilizer may contain 12% to 27% by weight of nitrogen and 8.7% to 24% by weight of P2O5. The ingredients may be mixed with up to 6% by weight of water, or the rock phosphate may be mixed with a 85% to 99.5% solution of ammonium nitrate, and the granules so formed are dried and may be sieved to obtain 1 to 4 mm. granules.  They may be coated with oil and powdered rock phosphate, china clay, kieselguhr or anhydrite, or with paraffin wax.  In examples, fertilizers prepared contain 21% of nitrogen and 14.6% of P2O5 and 14.5% of nitrogen and 21.5% of P2O5.  Specification 902,363 is referred to.
Patent GB-489680-A (GB)
Title: Furnace roof
IPC: F27D1/14
Filed: 1937-08-03
Abstract: The bricks for a suspension type furnace roof are made of a refractory consisting mainly of chrome ore with magnesia as the chief minor constituent, the ore being coarsely ground to particles ranging in screen size between 3 and 20 mesh per linear inch, while the magnesia is more finely ground, e.g. to pass through at least a 48 mesh screen.  The grading into coarse and fine particles as between the ore and magnesia may vary, but preferably more than 80 per cent of the particles larger than 10 mesh size are ore, and more than 80 per cent of the finer particles are magnesia.  When the bricks are to be burnt in situ a bonding agent is used, e.g. sulphuric acid, acid sodium sulphite, waste sulphite liquor or dextrin, and the bricks are dried at a temperature between 212 and 572 DEG  F.
Patent GB-1272592-A (GB)
Title: Vapour phase oxidation of hydroxy compounds
Inventor: HOWE BRIAN KEITH
IPC: B01J23/00
Filed: 1968-05-06
Abstract: 1,272,592. Oxidizing hydroxy compounds to carbonyl compounds. LAPORTE CHEMICALS Ltd. 6 Aug., 1969 [6 May, 1968], No. 21422/68. Heading C2C. Carbonyl compounds are prepared by the vapour phase oxidation of corresponding hydroxy compounds by contacting at elevated temperature a gaseous mixture containing oxygen and the hydroxy compound with a catalyst containing as essential constituents one or more of Cu and Ag with P as a promoter. Au, As, Sb and/or Sn may also be present. The catalyst may be a mixture of particulate ingredients or may be an alloy, the surface of which may be oxidized prior to use. It may be supported. The oxygen may be introduced at more than one point along the reaction. A diluent gas may be present. The reaction product after removal of readily condensable products may be recycled. Examples oxidize ethylene glycol to glyoxal with some glycollic aldehyde, glycollic acid and formaldehyde, propylene - 1,2 - glycol to methylglyoxal and acetol, butene-2,3-diol to diacetyl and acetoin, and cyclohexan - 1,2 - diol to cyclohexan - 1,2- dione. Reference is also made to the oxidation of C 1-6  aliphatic alcohols, cyclohexanol and benzyl alcohol. In the oxidation of ethylene glycol to glyoxal, unreacted glycol may be removed by cooling the reaction gases to a temperature below the condensation point of ethylene glycol but above that of glyoxal. The glycol reacts with some of the glyoxal to give 2,3-dihydroxydioxan. After separating the condensed material, which may be recycled, an aqueous solution of glyoxal may be formed from the remaining reaction gases. Formaldehyde may be removed from this solution by purging with a gas at elevated temperature and acidic impurities, mainly glycollic acid, by treatment with a weakly basic anion exchange resin in the free base form. Glyoxal prepared as above may be reacted with urea to give 4, 5-dihydroxy-2-ketoimidazolidine. If formaldehyde is also present the 1- and 1,3 - methylol - 4,5 - dihydroxy - 2 - ketoimidazolidines are formed or if an alkanol is also present the 0-alkylmethylol compounds.
Patent GB-942595-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for electroplating
IPC: C25D7/04
Filed: 1961-06-14
Abstract: A metal surface is treated as cathode with an electrolyte brought into contact with the surface through a porous dielectric surface mounted on an electrode of opposite polarity and in rubbing contact therewith, preferably by rotating and reciprocating motion.  The apparatus comprises a conducting, rotating tool 18, fitted with swinging vanes 73 covered with a porous dielectric material e.g. <PICT:0942595/C3/1> <PICT:0942595/C3/2> perforated nylon sheet 78, and acting as anode ; which moves rapidly by rotational and reciprocal motion in contact with the bore being treated, the bore acting as cathode. Electrolyte is caused to circulate, by pump, through the porous surface and the rubbing action is achieved by the vanes moving outwards under the action of centrifugal force.  The electrolytic treatment may be etching, polishing of plating. Examples, plates of copper, nickel, chromium and chromium-iron alloys are deposited.
Patent GB-401448-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to knitting machines and to loop transferring instrumentsfor use therein
IPC: D04B9/38
Filed: 1932-08-02
Abstract: 401,448. Knitting. MELLOR BROMLEY, & CO., Ltd., BROMLEY, C., and SHORTLAND, A., Minotaur St. Saviour's Road East, Leicester@ Aug. 2, 1932, No. 21608. [Class 74 (i@] A loop transferring member 1 has its stem cranked laterally to form a main portion 5 and a shorter offset portion 7 having a shoulder 3 for engaging a loop to be transferred and positioning it for transference. A hook 2 and latch 2a, or a beard, is provided so that the member 1 can function as a needle. The member 1 is held in the needle trick in a flexed condition so that when it is projected with the cranked portion beyond the trick, it is deflected due to the resilience. Plain or rib eyelet fabric may be produced and patterning mechanism, preferably as in Specification 329,369, [Class 74 (ii), Knitting &c.], may be provided for selecting jacks disposed beneath the members 1.
Patent GB-810506-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical switching circuits
Inventor: TOMLINSON TERENCE BERNARD
IPC: H03K17/78
Filed: 1956-07-12
Abstract: 810,506. Photo-electric devices. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. July 9, 1957 [July 12, 1956], No. 21620/56. Class 37. [Also in Groups XIX, XL (a) and XL (c)] In an electrical switching circuit such as a shift register or ring counter, including an indicating circuit and a shift circuit each comprising a plurality of electro-optical pairs forming sub-circuits comprising an electroluminescent element such as zinc sulphide or zinccadmium sulphide and a photo-conductive element, each sub-circuit, Fig. 4, comprises a unit of layers of photo-conductive material such as P B1  and electroluminescent material such as E B1  sandwiched between glass plates 10 coated with a conducting film 11 having conductive metal electrodes 12 attached thereto. These units are aligned, those of the indicating circuit being interposed between those of the shift circuit, the output from the shift circuit being masked at 13. Alternatively the units may be in an overlapping echeloned arrangement. Transfer of data in the reverse direction to that required is prevented by the absorbing power of the elements since such a transfer would require passage of light through a, photo-conductive layer and through an electroluminescent layer. Each electroluminescent element may be of two sections connected in parallel with the photoconductive element formed as a single crystal of a suitable material such as cadmium sulphide mounted on one section, the other section being opposite the succeeding photo-conductive element.
Patent GB-858533-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of cellulose triacetate filamentary products
Inventor: GROOMBRIDGE DENIS WILLIAM
IPC: D01F2/28
Filed: 1956-08-23
Abstract: A solution of cellulose triacetate in acetic acid is heated to a temperature of at least 70 DEG C. for a time which is insufficient to cause the acetyl value of the cellulose triacetate to fall below 59% but which is at least equal to "the miniumum useful period", the latter decreasing with increasing temperature in a linear manner and being 3 hours at 70 DEG C. and 10 minutes at 120 DEG C. Thereafter the solution may be filtered and extruded in the form of filaments into a liquid coagulant bath.  Filaments thus produced, before they have become completely hardened, may be stretched while in contact with a stretchassisting liquid having a stronger softening or swelling action on cellulose triacetate than has the coagulant e.g. an aqueous acetic acid solution of 12-20% concentration may serve as coagulant while the stretching-assisting liquid is either a stronger aqueous acetic acid solution or at a higher temperature than the coagulant or both.  Stretching may be effected between rolls driven at different peripheral speeds.  Preferably the filaments remain immersed in the coagulant bath for a time sufficient to give them coherence but much too short to allow them to attain equilibrium with the coagulant, and are stretched while still wet with liquid carried by them from the coagulant bath and after the acetic acid content of the liquid has been considerably increased by diffusion into it of acetic acid from the filaments.  The coagulant may be aqueous acetic acid contained in a small vessel and coagulant carried away from the vessel by the filaments may be compensated for by introducing into the vessel water or very dilute aqueous acetic acid which becomes enriched to the desired acetic acid content with acetic acid from the cellulose triacetate solution. The amount of acetic acid carried away from the vessel by the filaments can be reduced by use of a squeeze device e.g. a pair of rolls between which the filaments are caused to pass after leaving the vessel.  Preferably the cellulose triacetate contains from 1-3% by weight of water and has been obtained by the acetylation of cellulose followed by neutralization of the acetylation catalyst, normally sulphuric acid, with e.g. the carbonate or acetate of a Group I or II metal.  Advantageously, the cellulose triacetate solution may be mixed or stirred continuously during at least part of the heat treatment, e.g. when heating above 110 DEG -115 DEG C. the solution may be heated in the form of a thin flowing film on a heated inclined or vertical surface.  Examples are given.  Specification 834,884 is referred to.
Patent GB-911331-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of polymerization and polymers resulting therefrom
IPC: C08F2/06
Filed: 1959-06-24
Abstract: Block polymers of the formula R-R1 in which R is a homopolymeric chain consisting of units of a single monoolefinic monomer and R1 is a copolymeric chain consisting of at least one monomer unit of the type making up the R chain in random distribution with at least one other monoolefinic monomer unit and which may be terminated with an R are made by forming a mixture of monomers in the approximate proportions of homopolymeric and copolymeric blocks desired in the ultimate product, dissolving the monomers in a solvent and effecting polymerization with a metallic lithium catalyst at a temperature in the range of from about 70 DEG  to about -25 DEG C.  Monomers specified are ethylene, propylene, styrene, alphamethyl styrene methyl acrylate, methyl and butyl methacrylates, vinyl acetate, vinyl pyridine and vinyl ethyl ether and acrylonitrile.  The ratio of homopolymeric to copolymeric block in the final product is influenced by the choice of monomer, the choice of solvent and the temperature of polymerization. Solvents specified are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, acetic anhydride, diethylamine, triethylamine and dimethylaniline.
Patent GB-1005870-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hollow articles
Inventor: STERN BERNARD
IPC: F16L11/16
Filed: 1961-06-16
Abstract: 1,005,870. Strip fastenings. ROTAFLEX (GREAT BRITAIN) Ltd. June 18, 1962 [June 16, 1961], No. 21776/61. Heading E2S. [Also in Divisions A4, F2 and F4] A strip of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or metal has at one end thereof a groove 21 and at the other end a bead 24, the latter being entered into the groove when the strip is wound helically.
Patent GB-277311-A (GB)
Title: Method of recovering oil from fatty solutions of proteins and glues in water
IPC: C11B1/12
Filed: 1927-08-18
Abstract: 277,311. Aktiebolaget Separater. Sept. 8, 1956, [Convention date]. Grant of Patent refused. Fats and fatty oils, extracting.-In the separation of animal or vegetable oils by centrifuging aqueous solutions of proteins and glues obtained by boiling the raw materials, the " glue " or " fruit " water is centrifuged before the glues or proteins coagulate and separate as solids, i.e. before the temperature falls below about 80‹ C. For example, the glue water from the extractor in which whale flesh is boiled is run direct to centrifugals of the concentrator type through a strainer in an intermediate tank. The tank is provided with a heater and an automatic temperat,ure regulator for use when storage therein of the water is necessary. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that the process admits of the extraction of vegetable oils by pressure being carried out at higher temperatures than usual, with correspondingly increased yields. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.