Patent EA-004849-B1 (EA)
Title: New exhaust valve and intake system
IPC: F02F1/42
Filed: 2001-06-28
Abstract: 1. A method of operation internal alternative combustion engine, comprising an operative cycle that foresees at least one admission phase, one proportioning phase, one combustion phase and provided of a combustion chamber, an intake system, a system and a duct for the expulsion of fluid from said chamber, a timing system to control the opening and the closure of the system of fluid expulsion, characterized in that the method used to effectuate the proportioning phase that regulates the fluid quantity to be used for the combustion in the chamber at every operating cycle and that happens expelling part of unburned gases, cyclically entering in the chamber during the admission phase, from the exhaust duct and with the expulsion system, before the combustion phase. 2. A method for an operative cycle in an alternative internal combustion engine, comprising eight possible phases: expansion, exhaust expulsion, cleaning, comburent admission, proportioning, fuel injection, compression, combustion; provided with one or a plurality of combustion chambers with relative included pistons free to slide in accordance with a sliding axis in the limits of a stroke imposed by a system for the transformation of the alternate motion in to rotating motion, characterized in that a complete cycle of all the phases happens during the time of two stroke Plus the time of two stasis of the piston in proximity of the superior and inferior ends of the strokes, in accordance with the following operative timing: first stroke-expaulsion-exhaust expulsion-beginning of cleaning, first stasis (at the point of inferior ending stroke)-ending of cleaning-admission comburent, second stroke-ending admission comburent-eventual proportioning-fuel injection-compression, second stasis (at the point of superior endingstroke)-combustion. 3. An alternative internal combustion engine, provided with one or a plurality of combustion chambers with relative enclosed pistons free to slide in accordance with a sliding axis, endowed of supports and ball bearings or roll bearings, of a system for the transformation of the alternate motion in rotating motion, this system being characterized by an axle (1) (or engine shaft), around which there is a support (2) united in the rotation with the engine shaft; this support (2), is surrounded by a slot or guide that is coherent to an indefinite conic or cylindrical surface which axis is the same of the support rotating axis, the advancing progress of the slot around this indefinite conic or cylindrical surface is cyclically rectilinear and/or curved. In revolving contact with the opposite internal faces (3-4) of the slot or guide, operate some ball bearing (5-6), hush pivots together with their supports and the relative pistons, are bonded to move only in accordance with the sliding axis of the pistons in their combustion chambers. 4. An alternative internal combustion engine adopting a block comprising one or a plurality of combustion chambers with relative enclosed pistons free to slide in accordance with a sliding axis, the pistons are provided of supports and of ball bearings pivoted to the same supports, the engine is also provided of an axle (1) (or engine shaft) parallel to the sliding axis of the pistons and of a system that can regulate the volumes delimited by the pistons and the combustion chamber, the system is characterized by a variator (9) substantially cylindrical, screwed internally, coaxial to the engine shaft and screwed to a structure (56) fixed to the cover (55) of the block; around the variator (9), is fixed, coaxial, one or a plurality of ball bearings, or it is created a track for a ring (9) of rollers or balls (9) that are useful to permit the rotation of a larger support (2) that remains anyhow bonded to the ball bearings or to the rings of rollers or balls (9) that follow the variator (9) in his parallel movements to the rotation axis on the screw (8), the large support (2) is coupled with the engine shaft with a groove (15-16) that give him the chance to rotate with the engine shaft(l) and to move according the rotating axis of both (the shaft and the support), the large support (2) is surrounded externally by a slot or guide that sustains the ball bearings (5-6) of the supports (27) of the pistons bonded to move according the sliding axis of the pistons in their combustion chambers. 5. An engine according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that a hollow shaft (1) is provided. 6. An engine according to one of claims 3-5, characterized by an annular or toroidal combustion chamber (24) and an annular or toroidal piston (7) defined in said chamber. 7. An engine according to one of claims 3-6, comprising a piston and one or a plurality of relative supports (27) each one of said supports provided of one or a plurality of ball bearings pivoted to the sides of the supports (27) of the pistons. 8. An engine according to one of claims 3-7, characterized in that comprising a transmission shaft (1) and a timing system to open and close valves, a regulating system for the beginning of the opened phase of valves and comprising a regulator (75), substantially cylindrical, coaxial to the transmission shaft (1) and coupled to said shaft with a straight or helicoidally groove, it is possible the parallel movement according to the rotating axle of the transmission shaft (l), of said regulator (75), so to cause a rotation on the transmission shaft (1) of a coaxial external support (73-77), that is bonded in the axial movement, but comprehends the regulator (75) and it is with him coupled via a straight or helicoidally groove, this support (73-77) is provided of cams (59) developed on a plane (72) substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of the support (73-77) and of the transmission shaft (1), the cams (59) are placed opportunely so that putting in rotation the transmission shaft (1) and with him the regulator (75) and the support (73-77) of the cams, said cams activate with the cyclic contact the roller tappets, the oscillating supports or what ever else can be used to execute the lift of the relative valves. 9. An engine according to one of claims 3-8, comprising tappets, and a timing system to open and close the valves that can modify the duration and/or the height and/or the accelerations and or the decelerations of the lift of the valves, comprising an appropriate shaped cams (59), positioned on the plane (72) substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of a rotating support (73-77), the cams, at every revolution of the rotating support (73-77), press subjected push rood, oscillating supports (65), tappets or any other device useful to execute the lift of the relative valves and since the cams (59) can be moved towards or backwards the rotating axle of the support (73-77), their contact point with the tappets (51), or oscillating support (65), or what ever else to execute the lift of the relative valves, can change; in this way the shape of the cams, on the line contact that pertains the tappets (51), can vary the lifting law of the valves, that change opportunely at every radial movement of the cams on their support (73-77). 10. An engine according to claim 9, characterized in that comprising a flat routable support (94) proximally positioned to the support (73-77) with the cams (59), but facing the back side of the cams (59), both the supports are coaxial, the flat support (94) is provided of fissures (95) that are spirally extended from the periphery to the rotating axis, although not in a radial way; the fissures (95) are shaped in order to permit to the pivots (96) that are fixed to the backs of the cams (59), to be inserted in, the pivots (96) are also bonded to move in a radial way on the support (73-77) by their slit, so they can be pushed from the periphery of the support (73-77) to his central rotating axle and voiceovers, thanks to the pressures caused from the sides of the fissures (95) when their flat support is rotated of few degrees angle with respect to the support (73-77) of the cams, this happens via the possible axial movement of a variator (93) that is substantially cylindrical and that is internally coupled with the transmission shaft(l) in force of a straight or helicoidaly groove, wile externally is coaxial coupled to the routable flat support (94) via similar helicoidal or straight grooves. 11. An engine according to one of claims 3-10, characterized in that comprising a combustion chamber and an expulsion system, an annular valve (42) is used to open or to close an exhaust duct (41) in communication with said combustion chamber.