Patent GB-865727-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to resins
IPC: D06M15/595
Filed: 1958-08-21
Abstract: Water-soluble condensates are made by heating together at reaction temperatures a C3 to C8 saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a polyalkylene polyamine containing 2 to 8 alkylene groups and reacting the resultant polyamide with epichlorohydrin.  Specified polyamines are the polyethylene, polypropylene and polybutylene polyamines, diethylene triamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine, dipropylene triamine, N-bis (aminopropyl) methyl amine and mixtures thereof which may be mixed with ethylene diamine, propylene diamine or hexamethylene diamine.  The water-soluble condensates may be cross-linked by further reaction in alkaline medium to cationic thermosetting resins which may be cured by heat treatment.  In a modification of the process, a quaternizing agent may be present with the epichlorohydrin.  The cationic resins may be applied to fibrous objects made from cellulose and cured; they may be reacted with water-soluble polymers, e.g. cellulose derivatives and soluble salts thereof, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, maleic anhydride-styrene copolymers, polyacrylamide, polyvinylamine and polyethylene imine to increase the insolubility; they may be used in the manufacture of non-woven fabrics alone or in conjunction with synthetic latices; they may be used for the treatment of regenerated cellulose and they may be applied together with water-soluble or water-insoluble coating or impregnating materials, e.g. polymers and co-polymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid, cellulose ethers and salts thereof and condensates of alkylene oxides with polymers of acrylic, methacrylic or itaconic acid to fibrous materials which are subsequently transformed into felted products.  The examples describe the preparation of polyamides from adipic acid and:-(1), (7), (21), (22), (23) and (60) diethylene triamine; (2), (42) and (43) triethylene tetramine; (3) diethylene triamine and N-bis (aminopropyl) methylamine; (4) diethylene triamine and azelaic acid and (6) diethylene triamine and ethylene diamine; the products being reacted with:-(1) to (4), (6), (13), (14), (21), (22) and (23) epichlorohydrin; (7) to (12) epichlorohydrin and dimethyl sulphate and, in Examples (15) to (20) epichlorohydrin and (15) methyl iodide; (16) diethyl sulphate; (17) ethyl bromide; (18) 1-chloroglycerol; (19) 1, 3-dichloroglycerol and (20) benzyl chloride.  The products being:-(1) to (4) and (7) to (46) mixed with paper pulp and cured in sheets; (6) impregnated into paper sheets and cured; (47) and (48) mixed with asbestos fibres and cured in sheets or mats; (49) mixed with paper pulp and glass fibres and cured in sheets; (50) to (53) impregnated into wool flannel cloth and cured; (54) to (59) impregnated into non-woven rayon fabric webs and cured; (60) and (61) coated as a film on cellulose, cured and coated with nitro-cellulose. Specified additives to the modified polyamide being:-(42) an acrylic acid-acrylamide co-polymer; (43) and (44) an alkyl ketene dimer; (45) wax; (46) clay; (57) polyvinyl acetate and (58) and (59) an ethyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer.  Specifications 574,577, 830,009 and U.S.A.  Specifications 2,226,546, 2,601,598, 2,627,477 and 2,661,309 are referred to.ALSO:Examples (50) to (53) describe the padding of wool flannel cloth or woollen fabric with an aqueous solution of a thermosetting resin made by reacting epichlorohydrin with a polyamide derived from adipic acid and diethylene triamine, the treated cloth being dried and the resin cured.  The shrinkability of the fabric is reduced.  Specifications 574,577, 830,009 and U.S.A. Specifications 2,236,546, 2,601,598, 2,627,477 and 2,661,309 are referred to.