Patent GB-840338-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for the continuous treatment of synthetic yarn and products thereof
IPC: D06B13/00
Filed: 1957-04-29
Abstract: Synthetic multifilament yarns or goods made therefrom are subjected to a continuous treatment comprising immersion in three successive aqueous baths, the composition of which is subjected to continuous control providing a constant relationship between the volume and the concentration of the baths with reference to the weight of material being treated, the material moving at a constant speed through the baths which are maintained homogeneous by the action of mechanical and physical means.  Mechanical means is defined as pumps, helical runners, paddles or vibrators and physical means as ultrasonic or high-frequency vibrations.  When the physical means consists of ultrasonic vibrations they are preferably produced by a piezoelectric crystal or magnetostrictive transducer.  The ultrasonic vibrations may consist of pulses, which may be damped or undamped, or continuous waves.  The contents of the three successive aqueous baths are such that in (1) a treating agent causes the material to swell or crimp, in (2) the treating agent is inactivated and in (3) the material is rinsed.  The process is preferably carried out in apparatus comprising at least three successive vats, preferably fitted with heating means, wherein the material is fed between two endless belts between which it is subsequently drained before it is carried into a receiving vessel, each of the vats being provided with at least one ultrasonic generator and with mechanical means (as above defined) for agitating the bath, and one of them at least being provided with means for measuring the amount of reagent fed into it.  The material to be treated may comprise a superpolyamide, e.g. nylon or "Perlon" (Registered Trade Mark), a polyester, e.g. "Terylene," "Dacron" or "Tengal" (Registered Trade Marks), or polyacrylonitrile, e.g. "Orlon" (Registered Trade Mark).  In examples, a polyamide stocking and a hank of polyamide yarn are treated in three baths containing respectively: (1) aqueous phenol and a sulphonated fatty alcohol; (2) an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sulphonated fatty alcohol; and (3) a dilute aqueous solution of sulphonated fatty alcohol.ALSO:<PICT:0840338/IV (c)/1> Synthetic multi-filament yarns or goods made therefrom are subjected to a continuous treatment comprising immersion in three successive aqueous baths, the composition of which is subjected to continuous control providing a constant relationship between the volume and the concentration of the baths with reference to the weight of material being treated, the material moving at a constant speed through the baths which are maintained homogeneous by the action of mechanical and physical means.  Mechanical means is defined as pumps, helical runners, paddles or vibrators and physical means as ultrasonic or high-frequency vibrations.  When the physical means consists of ultrasonic vibrations they are preferably produced by a piezoelectric crystal or magnetostrictive transducer.  The ultrasonic vibrations may consist of pulses, which may be damped or undamped, or continuous waves.  The process may be carried out in apparatus comprising at least three successive vats, preferably fitted with heating means, wherein the material is fed between two endless belts between which it is subsequently drained before it is carried into a receiving vessel, each of the vats being provided with at least one ultrasonic generator and with mechanical means (as above defined) for agitating the bath, and one of them at least being provided with means for measuring the amount of reagent fed into it.  As shown, the material is held between two endless belts 5 and 6, which pass over and under rollers 7-27 through vats 2, 3, 4.  Between vats 2, 3, 4 and receiver 31 driven rollers 28, 29, 30 may serve both to wring the material being treated and also to drive belts 5 and 6.  A mechanical or electrical device may be used to vary the rotational speed of the rollers.  Constant level of treating liquid in vats 2, 3, 4 may be achieved by use of a float (not shown) governing a valve controlling the feed from a storage tank.  Physical and mechanical means (as above defined) ensure that the liquids in vats 2, 3, 4 are kept homogeneous.