Patent GB-1112845-A (GB)
Title: Additive suitable for a lubricating oil,and lubricants and fuels containing such additives
IPC: C10L1/16
Filed: 1966-07-14
Abstract: A lubricating oil additive is the reaction product of (a) the reaction product of an "isofatty acid" (see below) and a polyalkylene polyamine, which product comprises a polyamide containing at least one free basic amino group with (b) an aldehyde and (c) an alkyl hydroxy-aromatic compound.  The component (a) may contain 1-100 free basic amino groups and is prepared by heating 1-4 mols of the "isofatty" acid with 1 mol of the polyalkylene polyamine at 50-250 DEG  C.  The additive is prepared by reacting 1 mol of (a) with 1-20 mols each of (b) and (c), at 25-250 DEG  C.  Suitable "isofatty acids" are C8- 22 branched chain fatty acids, e.g. isooleic and isostearic acids and dimerized and trimerized C16- 20 fatty acids e.g. oleic and linoleic acid dimers; other acids, e.g. amounting to 5-30% of the total, may be present, e.g. lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids; suitable polyalkylene polyamines include diethylene triamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine, tripropylene tetramine, tetrapropylene pentamine and polymerized ethylene imine of MW 50-40,000; the aldehyde may be e.g. formaldehyde, paraldehyde, acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde and furfuraldehyde; the alkyl hydroxy-aromatic compound may be e.g. an alkyl phenol or aralkyl phenol e.g. p-octylphenol, p-dodecylphenol or p-benzylphenol. In Examples diamides derived from (B) dimerized oleic acid and diethylene triamine, (G) isostearic acid and tetraethylene pentamine and (H) isostearic acid containing 10% stearic acid and tetraethylene pentamine, are reacted with 1-3 mols each of formaldehyde or acetaldehyde and p-dodecylphenol, p-decylphenol, a C14- 18 alkylphenol mixture, p-benzylphenol or a C8- 18 alkylnaphthanol mixture. The products may be added in amount of 0.1-25% by weight of the total to a lubricating oil mixture.  This may also contain viscosity index improvers (e.g. polyacrylic esters); pour point depressants (e.g. methacrylate polymer); oxidation inhibitors (e.g. bis[2:6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]methane); metal deactivators (e.g. disalicylal ethylene diimine); rust inhibitors (e.g. a long chain alkene/maleic anhydride adduct): antifoam agents (e.g. a silicone); extreme pressure additives (e.g. triphenyl-phosphate); antiseizure agents (e.g. tallow or castor oil), and may in turn be added to a fuel.ALSO:Lubricating oils and fuels contain as additive the reaction product of (a) a branched chain fatty acid or fatty acid dimer or trimer condensed with a polyalkylene polyamine to give a product having at least one free amino group and (b) an aldehyde and (c) an alkyl phenol (see Division C3).  The additive may amount to 0.1-25 wt. per cent of the lubricating oil composition. Suitable oils include synthetic lubricating oils, e.g. polyolefins, organic and inorganic esters, e.g. bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-sebacate and the pentaerythritol ester of a C3- 8 fatty acid mixture, and silicones and natural mineral oils, e.g. of viscosity SAE 5W to 140 and blends of, e.g. 10-25 wt. per cent Bright Stock and 90-75 wt. per cent of a fraction of viscosity index at least 80 and viscosity 100-600 SUS at 100 DEG  F.  Suitable fuels include hydrocarbon fuels to which are added lubricating oils plus additive as above, in the ratio oil : fuel of 1:5-100 by wt. There may also be added to the compositions viscosity index improvers, e.g. polyacrylic esters; pour point depressants, e.g. methacrylate polymers; oxidation inhibitors, e.g. bis-[2:6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl] methane; metal deactivators, e.g. disalicylal ethylene dimine; rust inhibitors, e.g. long chain alkene/maleic anhydride adducts; antifoam agents, e.g. silicones; extreme pressure additives, e.g. triphenyl phosphate; anti-seizure agents, e.g. tallow, castor oil.  To the fuel compositions may be added lead tetraalkyls; halogenated olefins or aromatic or heterocyclic compounds (lists); methyl cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl; butanes; tert-butyl acetate; isopropanol; dyes; silicones; antioxidants; phosphate and boron esters.  In examples additives are prepared from diamides derived from (B) oleic acid dimer and diethylene triamine, (G) isostearic acid and tetraethylene pentamine and (H) 9:1 isostearic/stearic acid and tetraethylene pentamine, by reaction with formaldehyde or acetaldehyde and C10, C12 or C14- 18 alkylphenols, benzylphenol or C8- 18 alkylnaphthols; they are added in amounts of 5-10 wt. per cent to mineral oils or blends optionally also containing bis-(3:5-di-tert-butyl-4 - hydroxy - phenyl) - methane and/or tricresyl phosphate, which in turn may be added to gasoline.