Patent GB-545548-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for molding hollow glass articles
IPC: C03B9/22
Filed: 1940-11-21
Abstract: 545,548. Glass manufacture. PARFITT, A. W. (Owens-Illinois Glass Co.). Nov. 21, 1940, No. 16732. [Class 56] A machine for forming glassware comprises a rotary mould carriage with moulds which are displaced relatively to the carriage during its rotation, hydraulic apparatus for rotating the carriage and moving the moulds and means for causing the hydraulic apparatus to effect a periodic slowing-down of the carriage so that each mould traverses the charge-receiving zone at a comparatively slow speed. A machine of the Owens type, constructed according to the invention, comprises a mould carriage mounted to rotate about a tubular column 100, Fig. 1, rising from the base of the machine. The mould carriage includes five units each comprising a parison mould 102, a neck mould 103, and a finishing mould 104. The parison moulds gather charges of glass by suction from a pool 105 within a container 106, and each mould is dipped into the glass by a hydraulic piston motor 108 which raises and lowers the dip frame or head 107 that carries the parison and neck moulds. When the mould rises from the pool 105, the trailing glass is cut off by a knife operated by cams and by a hydraulic cylinder. The parison mould is then opened, and the finishing mould 104 is lifted by a hydraulic piston motor 111 and closed around the suspended parisons by a hydraulic motor 112, the parisons then being blown to final form in the mould. Power for operating the different parts of the machine is supplied from three motordriven hydraulic pumps mounted on the base of the machine. They include a rotary pump 113, Fig. 3, directly connected to an electric motor 114, a rotary pump 115 driven by an electric motor 116, and a rotary pump 117 driven by electric motor 118. The pump 113 causes the mould carriage to rotate at a periodically varying speed, the pump 115 operates a piston motor to raise and lower the dip heads, and the pump 117 drives the motors 111 for raising and lowering the finishing moulds. Another pump driven by an electric motor 119, actuates motors by which the parison moulds are "cracked" or given an initial opening movement. Air under pressure, for blowing the glass and for cooling purposes, is supplied to the mould units through a distributing head 123 to which it is conducted by pipes that extend through the column 100. The application of vacuum. to the parison moulds is controlled through pipes leading to the distributing head from which the main vacuum pipe extends downwards through the column 100. A chamber 134 in the base provides a passage through which air is conducted for cooling the various parts of the machine. The machine base also includes a reservoir or tank 128 from which oil is supplied to the hydraulic pumps and motors. The oil is maintained at a working temperature by circulating steam or water through a pipe within the reservoir. The mould carriage is rotated by a rotary hydraulic motor 114A through which oil is forced by the pump 113. The amount of fluid delivered by the pump to the motor is varied periodically by mechanism operated by a cam 209 on a shaft 205 driven by the motor 114A. The shape of the cam is such that the speed of rotation of the motor 114A, and therefore of the mould carriage, is reduced as each parison mould passes over the pool of glass 105. The parison moulds are lowered and lifted, to dip them into the molten glass 105, by a hydraulic piston motor 108, Fig. 1, the action of which is supplemented and positively controlled, as described in Specification 545,549, by mechanical means to ensure the correct movement of the moulds if the hydraulic mechanism fails to operate. The motor 108 is driven by the pump 115, and the direction of circulation of the oil forced out of the pump is reversed periodically by mechanism operated by a cam 207 in order to reverse the movement of the piston of the motor 108. The piston is connected by a rod 171 to the carrier end of a lever 172, Figs. 1 and 29, which is pivoted to a stationary part of the machine. The outer end of the lever is pivoted on a block 177 which slides vertically between guide bars. The block is faced with a cam groove 182 which is brought into alignment periodically with a stationary cam track 183. This track controls the vertical position of the dip heads 107 that carry the parison moulds. As each dip head approaches the gathering position, its cam roller 184 runs off the cam track 183 into the groove 182, and the lever 172 is operated by the motor 108 to lower the parison mould into the glass 105. The motor is then reversed to lift the dip head 107 to bring the groove 182 again into line with the track 183 permitting the dip head to continue its travel with the mould carriage. Each parison mould 102 opened and closed by a stationary cam 346, which reciprocates a slide block 340 in horizontal guides. The block 340 is connected to an arm which rotates a vertical shaft that opens and closes the mould. A spring 358 and a latch 348, forming part of the mechanism, yields and prevents damage if an obstruction prevents the mould from closing. The parison and neck moulds may be locked in open position, if desired to maintain a particular parison mould out of service during the working of the machine. This is effected by a latch which can be actuated manually to engage the slides that open and close the moulds. The neck-forming plungers 421, and the associated blow slide 442, are operated by a pneumatic cylinder 415. The knife for severing the glass from the mould after the charging operation is moved to and from the mould by a stationary cam, but is given an accelerated movement by a hydraulic cylinder during the cutting operation. The carriers of the finishing moulds 104, Fig. 1, are each provided with a hydraulic cylinder 111, connected to the pump 117, for raising and lowering the finishing mould 104. The carrier is reciprocated vertically by the cylinder 111, and a cam 256 swings the mould upwards towards the parison as the carrier rises. Each mould is opened by a hydraulic cylinder 112 and is closed by a hydraulic accumulator 295. A manually operable valve is provided to prevent the mould from rising and closing if part of the mechanism should become damaged.