Patent GB-129725-A (GB)
Title: A New or Improved Apparatus for Generating Combustion Products under Pressure.
Inventor: PATTISON CHARLES MENSFORTH
IPC: F02G3/00
Filed: 1917-12-10
Abstract: 129,725. Pattison, C. M. Dec. 10, 1917. Generating combustion products under pressure.-A mixture of air with gas or vapour is exploded in two or more chambers in, or adjacent to, a receiver for the products of combustion; the apparatus and the carburettor supplying it are controlled by valves which, after starting the apparatus, are operated automatically by the pressures in the various parts of the apparatus. The apparatus described comprises three explosion tubes D, Fig. 1, in a. receiver R surmounted bv a compressed-air reservoir AR. Each of the tubes or chambers D is controlled at the one end by valves B<1>, B<2> which admit the products of combustion to the reservoir R and by valves E<8> which allow the residual gases, after the valves B<1>, B<2> have closed, to pass to and drive the air-compressor A. At the other ends of the tubes D are controlling-valves D<12> which, in succession, operate the carburettor C. Oil from a tank and air from the reservoir AR pass by pipes C<1>, AR<1> into the carburettor C, which contains a vertically-moving plug C<2>. The mixture of fuel and air passes through a vaporizer V and the valves D<12> to the explosion tubes D, and is exploded by plugs P. The air-compressor A forces air through the casings B<3> of the valves B<1>, B<2>, and thence to the air reservoir AR. In starting a new or repaired apparatus, the reservoir AR is charged by a hand-pump or other independent compressor. Valves E<2>, of which there is one to each chamber D, and which are connected so as to be manually operated simultaneously, are operated so as to allow air from the reservoir AR to pass by way of the pipes A<4>, A<1> to the undersides of valves E', E<8>, E<9>, Fig. 5, thus lifting them and cutting off the air-compressor A from the explosion tubes D, Fig. 1; these are marked D", D<10>, D" in Fig. 5. The plug C<2> is then raised and lowered by hand three times, thus charging fuel and air through the vaporizer V into all three of the tubes D. The pressure of the charges in the tubes is transmitted through the passage D" and valve D<8> to the undersides of the pistons D' in the valves D<12>, which are thus raised so as to cut off the explosion tubes D from the vaporizer V. The charges are then fired by the plugs P. The gases pass mainly into the reservoir R, but a residual charge remains in each of the tubes D. One of the tubes D, Fig. 1, say the tube D<9>, Fig. 5, is then allowed to exhaust through a suitable valve, so that the valve E<8>, which is controlled by the pressure in the tube D<9> transmitted through the pipe E<4>, but controls the gases in the tube D<10>, falls and allows the residual charge of explosion gases in the tube D<10> to pass to and drive the compressor A. As soon as the tube D<10> has been exhausted, the valve E<9> similarly opens and exhausts the tube D". During the exhaust of the tube D<10>, a new charge enters the tube D<9> and closes the valve E<8> at the end of the tube D<10>, which is thus prepared for the introduction of a new charge. These events thereafter occur in a cyclical sequence, the tubes D<9>, D<10>, D" being charged in succession, and the charge in each serving to operate the valves E<8>, E<9>, E' of the next tube in the cycle. The construction of the apparatus and its valves is such that, at any moment, two of the three tubes D contain combustion products exhausting into the receiver R or to the air-compressor, while the third contains only a non-exhaustible residue of combustion products and is in a condition ready to receive a new charge. At the other end of the receiver R the three valves D<1> have been raised by the pressure in the tubes D transmitted through the passages D<13> to the under. sides of the valves, but the exhaustion of the tube D<9>, referred to above, causes the valve D<1> of the tube D<9> to fall, the corresponding valves D' of the tubas D<10>, D" being held up-raised by the pressure of the gases in them. A charge of fuel and air may therefore enter the tube D‹. This is supplied by the carburettor C, which operates as follows. The plug C<2> of the carburettor C is raised by the admission of compressed air to the underside of the piston C<7>, and is depressed again by the spring 2. Oil enters the passage C<13> in quantity determined by a regulable orifice C<3>. The valve D' of one of the chambers D, say the chamber D<9>, having been raised by the introduction, just previously, of a charge into the chamber D', the compressed air in the chamber AR is enabled to pass through the ports D<3>, D<5> and a groove D<15> in the valve D<1>, and thence through the pipe D<4> to the underside of the piston C<7>. This closes the valve 3 against a seat C<9> in the lower end of the plug C<2>, and raises it, cutting off the air inlet c<5>, so that a charge of fuel and air rests in the lower end C<4> of the cylinder C. The piston C<7> immediately begins to descend, the air passing out through an orifice C<11>. In its lowest position, as shown, the further entry of oil is prevented by the contact of the lower end of the plug C<2> with the lower end of the cylinder C, and the port C<5> admits compressed air, which sweeps the charge of fuel and air through the vaporizer V into the next chamber D<10>. This raises the valve D<1> attached to that chamber, and establishes connexions, like those described above, which enable the plug C<2> to operate and to supply a charge of fuel and air to the next chamber D<11> of the cycle. If the pressure in the receiver D becomes excessive, a plunger 4 in a cylinder G rises and enables a pawl G<1> to drop and engage with the teeth H<1> in the rod C<6>, which is thus prevented from falling until the pressure falls off. Greatly excessive pressures are vented through the aperture 5. The rising and falling of the piston C<7> operate a switch lever F which supplies current to the sparking-plugs P. The pistons D<1> have, just below the grooves D<15>, spring rings which close the ports D<3>, D' and cut off the air supply to the underside of the piston C' during the down-stroke of the pistons D<1>. The vaporizer V consists of a chamber with a number of screens.