baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2020063596-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHANG XINGWEI
IPC: H04L5/00
Filed: 2019-09-24
Abstract: A communication method and device, for enabling the coexistence of a plurality of resource multiplexing methods in a scenario in which the plurality of resource multiplexing methods are all supported. The method proposed in the present application comprises: a first terminal device determining a resource multiplexing method, wherein the resource multiplexing method represents a resource multiplexing relationship between a control channel and a data channel, the control channel is used by the first terminal device to send control signaling to a second terminal device, and the data channel is used by the first terminal device to send data to the second terminal device; and the first terminal device indicating, by means of the control signaling, the resource multiplexing method to the second terminal.
Patent WO-2020078189-A1 (WO)
Inventor: WANG LIN
IPC: G03B21/60
Filed: 2019-09-26
Abstract: 一种投影屏幕（1000）及其加工方法，其中投影屏幕（1000）从投影光线（T）入射侧依次包括扩散层（100）、微透镜阵列（200）和基材（300），基材（300）内侧设有菲涅尔微结构（400），且菲涅尔微结构（400）部分表面设置反射层（410），其余部分表面为吸光层（420）；微透镜阵列（200）用于将投影光线（T）聚焦在反射层（410）上，反射层（410）用于将投影光线（T）反射回观众视场（G），环境光线（H）大部分被吸光层（420）吸收。通过对微透镜阵列（200）结构和尺寸的设置，使投影光线（T）只入射在菲涅尔微结构（400）的反射层（410）上，而环境光线（H）大部分被吸光层（420）吸收，从而提高投影屏幕（1000）的光线利用率和抗环境光能力；降低投影屏幕（1000）的反射率而不降低投影机的反射率，使投影屏幕（1000）具有高增益、高对比度；适应于超短焦投影仪，保证投影屏幕（1000）具有较佳的视觉效果。
Patent WO-2021056422-A1 (WO)
Title: Array substrate, display apparatus, method of fabricating array substrate, and pixel driving circuit
Inventor: YUAN CAN
IPC: H01L27/32
Filed: 2019-09-27
Abstract: An array substrate includes an array of a plurality of subpixels including a plurality of columns of subpixels respectively spaced apart by a plurality of inter-subpixel regions; a plurality of pixel driving circuits respectively driving light emission of the plurality of subpixels; and a plurality of detection and compensation lead lines respectively configured to respectively detect signals in the plurality of subpixels and respectively compensate signals in the plurality of subpixels. A respective one of a plurality of detection and compensation lead lines is disposed in a first inter-subpixel region between two directly adjacent columns of subpixels. The respective one of the plurality of detection and compensation lead lines is spaced apart by at least one columns of subpixels from a signal line configured to transmit an alternating current and arranged along a direction parallel to the respective one of the plurality of detection and compensation lead lines.
Patent WO-2020108131-A1 (WO)
Inventor: XU YAHUI
IPC: G06Q10/10
Filed: 2019-10-14
Abstract: A data processing method, a device, a computing apparatus, and a storage medium. The data processing method comprises: receiving a case investigation request submitted by a first scheme member, the case investigation request carrying case investigation data (202); if the case investigation request of the first scheme member is determined to be within a scope of a scheme examination group, determining, according to the case investigation request and from second scheme members, a corresponding member to be confirmed as a member of the scheme examination group (204); sending a request for participating in case examination to the member to be confirmed as a member of the scheme examination group and, if a reply from the member confirming participation is received, determining the member as a scheme examination group member (206); acquiring examination data and an examination result of examination performed by the scheme examination group member with respect to the case investigation request according to an anti-cheating mechanism (208); and performing, according to the examination result, case-closing processing with respect to the case investigation request of the first scheme member, and sending a case investigation result to the first scheme member (210).
Patent WO-2021097711-A1 (WO)
Title: Mode rapide de dispositif de mémoire
Inventor: WU MINJIAN
IPC: G06F9/445
Filed: 2019-11-20
Abstract: L'invention concerne des systèmes et des dispositifs de mode rapide d'un dispositif de mémoire. Dans certains exemples, un dispositif de mémoire peut être initialisé pendant une procédure d'amorçage de système. Le dispositif de mémoire peut prendre en charge de multiples modes de fonctionnement, comprenant au moins un premier mode qui comprend un premier ensemble de capacités, et un second mode qui comprend le premier ensemble de capacités ainsi qu'une ou plusieurs capacité(s) supplémentaire(s). Le dispositif de mémoire peut effectuer l'initialisation tout en faisant fonctionner le dispositif de mémoire selon le premier mode, qui peut comprendre le retardement d'une ou plusieurs action(s) associée(s) à la capacité ou aux capacités supplémentaire(s). Après que la procédure d'amorçage de système est achevée, le dispositif de mémoire peut fonctionner selon le second mode, qui peut comprendre l'exécution d'une action retardée pendant l'amorçage de système.
Patent WO-2020114366-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HE KE
IPC: G01L1/22
Filed: 2019-12-03
Abstract: 一种压力传感器及其制备方法，其中压力传感器包括相对设置的第一电极板（10）和第二电极板（20），第一电极板（10）包括第一衬底（11）以及设置在第一衬底（11）上的金属叉指电极（12），金属叉指电极（12）的表面形成为粗糙表面（13）；第二电极板（20）包括一侧表面具有微结构阵列（21a）的第二衬底（21）和覆设于微结构阵列（21a）上的复合金属层（22）；其中，复合金属层（22）与粗糙表面（13）互相抵触连接。该压力传感器在提高其灵敏度的同时又能保持器件循环的稳定性。
Patent WO-2020119729-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHEN YANGHAO
IPC: H04W24/00
Filed: 2019-12-11
Abstract: 本申请提供一种基站开站方法、装置、计算机存储介质及设备，该方法包括：发送配置请求到配置服务器，所述配置请求中携带有待配置基站的地理位置信息，以供配置服务器根据所述配置请求返回与所述地理位置信息匹配的开站脚本；对开站脚本进行解析，获取所述开站脚本中的脚本控制命令；建立与待配置基站的控制连接；基于控制连接将脚本控制命令下发到待配置基站，以供待配置基站根据接收到的脚本控制命令进行开站配置。本申请能够自动获取与待配置基站所在地理位置匹配的开站脚本，基于开站脚本配置基站所需的参数，免去了过往复杂的参数配置过程，有效提高了基站开站的效率和安全性，降低了大量部署基站的难度和人力成本。
Patent WO-2020135408-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHANG LIANGJUN
IPC: H04B10/61
Filed: 2019-12-24
Abstract: 本发明公开了一种载波相位估计方法及装置、设备和存储介质，该方法包括：对当前码元中获取到的待测信号进行数字信号处理，得到只带有相位噪音的相位噪音信号；基于各预设测试角旋转所述相位噪音信号以得到各旋转信号，并基于误差函数获取各旋转信号对应的误差值；获取各误差值中的最小误差值，并确定最小误差值对应的相角及与所述相角左右相邻的两个相角；基于所述最小误差值和所述最小误差值对应的相角及与所述相角左右相邻的两个相角确定最优相角；获取所述当前码元之前的各估计相角，并基于所述最优相角和各所述估计相角确定目标相角。
Patent WO-2020135425-A1 (WO)
Title: Procédé de construction miniature de véhicule de tête reposant sur une équivalence de force et de rigidité et miniature de véhicule de tête
Inventor: XU PING
IPC: G06F17/00
Filed: 2019-12-24
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un procédé de construction miniature de véhicule de tête de train reposant sur une équivalence de force et de rigidité et un véhicule de tête miniature, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes : S1 : l'acquisition de facteurs de similarité de divers paramètres dynamiques d'une miniature de véhicule de tête par rapport à un train de taille réelle ; S2 : la division d'un véhicule de tête de train de taille réelle en une zone d'absorption d'énergie de déformation et une zone de non-déformation en fonction d'une caractéristique d'absorption d'énergie de déformation ; S3 : la construction d'une zone d'absorption d'énergie de déformation et d'une zone de non-déformation de la miniature de véhicule de tête selon les facteurs de similarité, l'obtention d'une courbe caractéristique d'absorption d'énergie de déformation de la miniature de véhicule de tête de train au moyen d'une conversion selon une courbe de caractéristique d'absorption d'énergie de déformation du véhicule de tête de train de taille réelle, puis la conception des tailles d'un pare-chocs, d'un tube écrasable, d'un dispositif d'absorption d'énergie principal et d'une cabine dans la zone d'absorption d'énergie de déformation de la miniature de véhicule de tête sur la base de la courbe de caractéristique d'absorption d'énergie de déformation de la miniature de véhicule de tête et d'un facteur de similarité de taille ; et la conception de la zone de non-déformation de la miniature de véhicule de tête selon le facteur de similarité de taille et un facteur de similarité de rigidité. La miniature de véhicule de tête construite décrite par la présente invention peut garantir la similarité entre la force d'impact d'un train et la rigidité d'une carrosserie de véhicule de manière à restaurer avec précision le processus d'une collision d'un train et à présenter une fiabilité supérieure.
Patent WO-2021128007-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHU QINGCHEN
IPC: H01Q21/06
Filed: 2019-12-24
Abstract: Provided is a base station antenna. The base station antenna comprises an integrally formed support, several antenna array portions, which are provided at one side of the support and are arranged in a first direction of the support, and a calibration plate, which is provided at a side of the support that is away from the antenna array portions, wherein the support comprises a first base board and an accommodation groove provided in one side of the first base board; the antenna array portions are provided at a side of the first base board that faces away from the accommodation groove; the calibration plate is arranged in the accommodation groove; a reflective conducting layer is provided at a side, where the accommodation groove is provided, of the first base board; a power division network layer is provided at a side of the first base board that faces away from the accommodation groove; and the power division network layer is electrically connected to the calibration plate. In the base station antenna provided in the present invention, no metal reflection plate and feed core need to be separately manufactured, the structure of same is simple, the assembly process is simplified, and the influence on performance indexes of each channel of the base station antenna is reduced. In addition, the weight and cost of the base station antenna are also greatly reduced.
Patent WO-2021128215-A1 (WO)
Title: 可拉伸式智慧织物
Inventor: HSU MAOFENG
IPC: A61B5/00
Filed: 2019-12-26
Abstract: 一种可拉伸式智慧织物（100，200），包括织物本体（110，210），织物本体（110，210）具有至少两个缝合处（111，211）。可拉伸式智慧织物（100，200）还包括：至少两个信号汇集部（120，220），至少两个信号汇集部（120，220）分别裁缝在织物本体（110，210）的至少两个缝合处（111，211）。每个信号汇集部（120，220）包括：多条第一信号传输线（14）以及至少一信号处理元件（13），多条第一信号传输线（14）分别与信号处理元件（13）电连接；以及多条第二信号传输线（140，240），多条第二信号传输线（140，240）分别与信号汇集部（120，220）内的多条第一信号传输线（14）电连接并形成一个回路。第一信号传输线（14）与第二信号传输线（140，240）均具有弹性。信号处理元件（13）用于收集并分析第二信号传输线（140，240）的电阻值的变化，以判断穿戴者的运动姿势。该可拉伸式智慧织物（100，200）拉伸性好，外表美观。
Patent WO-2020248597-A1 (WO)
Inventor: BAO ZHENG
IPC: H01L27/32
Filed: 2020-01-06
Abstract: L'invention concerne un panneau d'affichage, son procédé de préparation, un procédé de détection associé, et un dispositif d'affichage pour améliorer une précision de détection de propriétés électriques de transistors. Un panneau d'affichage (50) peut comprendre une zone d'affichage (1) comprenant une pluralité de pixels et une zone de non-affichage (2) entourant la zone d'affichage (1), chacun de la pluralité de pixels pouvant comprendre un circuit de pixels d'affichage (51), et la zone de non-affichage (2) pouvant comprendre un ou plusieurs circuits de pixels de test (21), chacun de l'un ou plusieurs circuits de pixel de test (21) ayant une structure de circuit équivalente au circuit de pixel d'affichage (51), l'un ou plusieurs circuits de pixel de test (21) peut comprendre une pluralité de transistors, et des électrodes d'au moins un transistor de la pluralité de transistors peuvent être respectivement couplées de manière conductrice à différents plots de test (13).
Patent WO-2021008109-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CAO WENYIN
IPC: G01N33/24
Filed: 2020-01-10
Abstract: A soil moisture sensor for greenhouse detection, comprising a sensor body (1) and a protective casing (2); the sensor body (1) is arranged inside the protective casing (2); a connecting plate (3) is welded to a side of the sensor body (1), an end of the connecting plate (3) extending out of the protective casing (2); a pulling handle (10) is welded to the end of the connecting plate (3) outside of the protective casing (2); an installation trough (4) is internally provided in the connecting plate (3); an electromagnet (7) is fixedly arranged on the bottom part of the installation trough (4); a display device (6) is movably installed in the installation trough (4); turning supports (11) are fixedly arranged on the sides of the protective casing (2); turning plates (12) are installed on the sides of the protective casing (2) by means of the turning supports (11); and detection probes (14) and collection tubes (15) are arranged on a side of the sensor body (1). When not being used, the detection probes (14) can retract into the protective casing (2), providing better protection for the sensor body (1) and being convenient to carry.
Patent WO-2020147767-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HUANG TAO
IPC: D06F39/02
Filed: 2020-01-16
Abstract: 一种添加剂自动投放装置，包括：供水流道（100）；贮液盒（200），其内含有添加剂；抽吸结构（400），能够将贮液盒（200）内的添加剂抽至供水流道（100）、并随水流输送至出水口；防倒吸装置，设于供水流道（100）的调压口（3）处；在供水流道（100）进水时，受流经水流压力作用而控制防倒吸装置闭合调压口（3）；在供水流道内产生负压时，控制防倒吸装置打开调压口（3）、调节供水流道（100）内压力。该添加剂自动投放装置中设有随管路内压力而自动调整通气孔开闭的调压装置，以对管路内压力进行相应调整，避免管路内存在负压情况的发生，进而达到了防倒流功能的目的。
Patent WO-2020164365-A1 (WO)
Title: 信息传输的方法及装置
Inventor: YAN LE
IPC: H04W36/36
Filed: 2020-01-17
Abstract: 本申请实施例提供信息传输的方法、装置及系统，可以实现条件切换机制下的切换参数优化。第一网络设备向终端设备发送包括候选小区的信息和触发切换条件的条件切换配置信息；终端设备接收该条件切换配置信息并执行条件切换后，向第二网络设备发送条件切换过程中候选目标小区对应的第一失败原因值，和/或，待定小区对应的第二失败原因值，第二网络设备接收来自终端设备的上述第一失败原因值，和/或，第二失败原因值，并向第一网络设备发送该第一失败原因值，和/或，第二失败原因值。其中，候选目标小区为上述候选小区中满足上述切换触发条件且终端设备接入失败的小区，待定小区为上述候选小区中不满足上述切换触发条件的小区。
Patent WO-2020186943-A1 (WO)
Inventor: ZHA HONGBIN
IPC: G01C21/00
Filed: 2020-02-13
Abstract: A mobile device posture determination apparatus and method and a visual odometer. The apparatus comprises one or more processors (81920) configured to: determine an image-difference feature with respect to a current frame and a preceding frame in a video stream acquired by a mobile device; determine, according to the image-difference feature, current encoding information by means of a first machine learning model; and determine, according to the current encoding information and at least one piece of historical encoding information, a posture of the mobile device by means of a second machine learning model.
Patent WO-2021163832-A1 (WO)
Inventor: XU BIN
IPC: H04W4/00
Filed: 2020-02-17
Abstract: 本申请提供了一种数据传输的方法和装置。该方法包括：第一接入网设备可以向第二接入网设备发送模式切换请求信息，这样第一接入网设备或第二接入网设备可以切换第一业务的传输模式为第一传输模式，进而可以动态切换单播传输和多播传输，提高传输的灵活性。在切换为单播传输时，核心网设备根据来自第一接入网设备的第二指示信息确定在所述第一接入网设备切换所述第一传输模式之后向第一接入网设备发送的第一个数据包，从而可以保证第一业务的连续性。
Patent WO-2020177750-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LI FENG
IPC: C12N5/10
Filed: 2020-03-05
Abstract: Provided is a plant improvement method, wherein knocking out N members (N ≥ 1) of a miR156 gene family can improve seed dormancy and enhance the capability of pre-harvest sprouting prevention of seeds. Also provided are a genetically engineered plant tissue or plant cell and a preparation method therefor, a method for preparing a genetically engineered plant, a grain production method, and use of a miR156 gene family inhibitor.
Patent WO-2020199862-A1 (WO)
Title: Encapsulation structure, display substrate, display apparatus and encapsulation method for display device
Inventor: HU YOUYUAN
IPC: H01L51/52
Filed: 2020-03-10
Abstract: Provided are an encapsulation structure (102), a display substrate, a display apparatus, and an encapsulation method for a display device (101), falling within the technical field of display. The encapsulation structure (102) for encapsulating the display device (101) comprises: at least one composite film layer (201), wherein the composite film layer (201) comprises an inorganic pattern (201a) and an organic pattern (201b). The inorganic pattern (201a) comprises a plurality of bending structures (a1) arranged spaced apart, and the organic pattern (20b) comprises a first organic sub-pattern (b1), wherein the first organic sub-pattern (b1) and the inorganic pattern (201a) are arranged on the same layer, and the positions thereof are complementary. An orthographic projection of the composite film layer (201) on the display device (101) at least covers a display region (AA) of the display device (101). The inorganic pattern (201a) of the encapsulation structure (102) comprises the plurality of bending structures (a1) arranged spaced apart, and therefore, the bending of the encapsulation structure (102) in any direction can be realized while the structural stability of the encapsulation structure (102) is ensured.
Patent WO-2021184148-A1 (WO)
Title: Memory device and method for forming the same
Inventor: WANG QIGUANG
IPC: H01L27/115
Filed: 2020-03-16
Abstract: A method for fabricating a memory device includes providing an initial semiconductor structure, including a base substrate, a stack structure of interlayer dielectric layers and first sacrificial layers; a channel trench formed through the stack structure. The method includes removing a portion of each first sacrificial layer from the channel trench to form a trapping-layer trench; forming a second sacrificial layer in the trapping-layer trench; forming a charge trapping film to fill the trapping-layer trench; and removing a portion of the charge trapping film from the channel trench to form a charge trapping layer; forming a tunneling layer and a channel layer on the sidewalls of the channel trench; removing the first sacrificial layers and the second sacrificial layer; forming a blocking layer on the charge trapping layer; and forming gate structures, in contact with the tunneling layer, between adjacent interlayer dielectric layers.
Patent WO-2021184157-A1 (WO)
Title: Antenna and antenna array
Inventor: LI WEI
IPC: H01Q1/50
Filed: 2020-03-16
Abstract: Provided are an antenna and an antenna array. The antenna comprises a conductor layer and a dielectric substrate. The conductor layer is located on a first surface of the dielectric substrate and used for grounding. The conductor layer is provided with a hollowed-out annular groove, and a hollowed-out defect is provided along the annular groove. By means of the hollowed-out defect provided along the annular groove, the resonant frequency of the antenna is increased while not increasing the size of the antenna as much as possible, thereby increasing the operation bandwidth of the antenna.
Patent WO-2020238383-A1 (WO)
Inventor: WANG JING
IPC: G06V40/13
Filed: 2020-03-27
Abstract: Provided are a fingerprint detection apparatus and an electronic device, which apparatus is applicable to an electronic device having a display screen, wherein the display screen sequentially comprises, from top to bottom, a transparent cover plate, a display panel, a buffer layer and a copper layer, and the display screen is provided with a window penetrating through the buffer layer and the copper layer. The apparatus comprises: a light path layer and a first sensor chip, wherein the light path layer is arranged above the first sensor chip; and a substrate, a fixed structure and a first pressure-sensitive adhesive, wherein the first sensor chip is fixedly and electrically connected to the substrate, the fixed structure is arranged at an upper surface of the substrate and is located at a side portion of the first sensor chip, and the fixed structure is fixed, by means of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive, to a peripheral region of the window at a lower surface of the copper layer, so that the first sensor chip is arranged in such a way that same is aligned with the window. According to the present application, on the basis of ensuring the performance of a fingerprint recognition module and the display screen, the maintainability of the fingerprint recognition module can be improved.
Patent WO-2021134955-A1 (WO)
Inventor: TIAN RENGUI
IPC: H01R12/72
Filed: 2020-04-02
Abstract: 本实用新型涉及电源安装技术领域，具体公开了一种使用成本低的无线通讯模块外置式电源装置，该无线通讯模块外置式电源装置包括接线模块、电源模块及通讯模块，接线模块的输入端用于与外部电源电性连接，接线模块的输出端用于与电源模块的输入端电性连接，电源模块的输出端用于与外部电气设备电性连接，电源模块上设置有USB接口，通讯模块具有USB插接端子，USB插接端子插设于USB接口并与电源模块电性连接，且通讯模块与电源模块的外表面滑动连接，通讯模块用于与外部云端服务器通讯连接。
Patent WO-2020211844-A1 (WO)
Title: Electric vehicle security control method based on security tree probabilities and security importance, and electric vehicle
Inventor: ZHANG WEI
IPC: G06Q10/06
Filed: 2020-04-17
Abstract: An electric vehicle security control method based on security tree probabilities and security importance. The method comprises: constructing a security tree; analyzing a parameter deviation existing for intermediate events, and converting original frequency data of the intermediate events into standardized intermediate event frequency data at all levels; performing analysis and statistics collection on the basis of the logical causality and the results of the intermediate events to obtain the occurrence probability of each bottom event; collecting statistics to obtain the occurrence probability of each top event on the basis of the security tree, the acquisition of the intermediate events, and the intermediate event frequency data; obtaining the impact probabilities of the bottom events on the top events; sequencing the security importance of the bottom events on the bass of the impact probabilities of the bottom events on the top events; and performing security control on the electric vehicle on the basis of the security importance of the security tree. According to the method, security tree probabilities and security importance can be calculated, and the system can effectively analyze, quantitatively describe, and accurately reflect the security state of an electric vehicle.
Patent WO-2021184486-A1 (WO)
Title: Display panel and manufacturing method
Inventor: WANG JUN
IPC: H01L27/32
Filed: 2020-04-23
Abstract: The embodiments of the present application provide a display panel and a manufacturing method. An anode layer of the display panel is provided with a first face and a second face which are oppositely arranged, a metal layer is arranged on the first face, the face of the metal layer away from the anode layer is provided with a containing space, a pixel definition layer is arranged on the face of the metal layer away from the anode layer, an opening is provided in the face of the pixel definition layer away from the metal layer, and a light-emitting layer is arranged in the containing space. The containing space is in communication with the opening, and the containing space extends towards the pixel definition layer on the two sides of the opening, such that a gap is formed between the side of the pixel definition layer close to the metal layer and the metal layer. The present application can improve the light-emitting effect of a display panel.
Patent WO-2020259043-A1 (WO)
Inventor: YIN HONGLEI
IPC: F24F1/0073
Filed: 2020-04-24
Abstract: L'invention concerne un tamis filtrant, un dispositif de nettoyage de tamis filtrant et un climatiseur. Le tamis filtrant (2) a un canal de guidage d'écoulement (61, 20). Le canal de guidage d'écoulement (61, 20) a une sortie d'eau (62), celle-ci étant en communication avec le canal de guidage d'écoulement (61, 20). Avec l'agencement du canal de guidage d'écoulement (61, 20), d'une part, le canal de guidage d'écoulement peut obtenir l'effet de renforcement traditionnel sur un tamis filtrant; en outre, lorsque l'eau passe à travers le canal de guidage d'écoulement (61, 20), l'eau s'écoule hors de la sortie d'eau (62) de façon à nettoyer directement le tamis filtrant (2) sans retirer puis nettoyer le tamis filtrant (2), ce qui permet d'éviter des inconvénients inutiles.
Patent WO-2020259066-A1 (WO)
Inventor: YAO KUN
IPC: H04N5/232
Filed: 2020-04-28
Abstract: An electronic device and a method for controlling a decorative member lens are provided. The electronic device (100) includes a camera component (120), a decorative member (140), a decorative member lens (160) and a driving mechanism (180). The camera component (120) includes a motor (122) and a lens (124). The motor (122) is configured to drive the lens (124) to move. The decorative member (140) is provided relative to the camera component (120). The decorative member lens (160) is mounted on the decorative member (140). The decorative member lens (160) is spaced from the lens (124). The driving mechanism (180) is coupled to the decorative member lens (160). The driving mechanism (180) is configured to drive the decorative member lens (160) to move away from or towards the lens (124).