Patent GB-352981-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of condensation products
IPC: C08G63/46
Filed: 1930-02-12
Abstract: Ester condensation products.-Polyhydric alcohols and polybasic organic acids, or their anhydrides with or without monobasic organic acids, esters from higher monobasic acids and polyhydric alcohols, or esters still containing free hydroxyl groups of the mono- or polybasic organic acids are condensed together in the presence of a practically inert and water-insoluble organic liquid which has a boiling point below 200 DEG  C. and are capable of forming pseudo-azeotropic mixtures with water vapour, the water formed during the condensation and the said liquid being continuously distilled off.  Suitable organic liquids are liquid aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, cyclohexane and its homologues and benzine fractions, and neutral derivatives of hydrocarbons such as acetylene tetrachloride, esters, ketones, as for example cyclohexanone and its homologues, and ethers.  The organic liquid distilling off with the water may be returned after separation of the water to the reaction chamber. Glycerine is a suitable polyhydric alcohol but glycols, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or the like may be used.  Phthalic, succinic, adipic, citric acids and ether or thioether-dicarboxylic acids such as diglycollic or thiodiglycollic acid may be used as polybasic organic acids. Monobasic acids such as oleic, linoleic, ricinoleic acids, the acids of china wood oil, abietic acid and esters (neutral or containing free hydroxyl groups) of monobasic acids with polyhydric alcohols such as linseed oil, olive oil, china wood oil, castor oil, or linoleic acid mono- or diglycerides and other fatty acid hydroxyalkyl esters may also be used.  Other substances, such as natural resins, as for example colophony, copals and the like or artificial resins such as those prepared from phenols and aldehydes or alkyl or aryl phosphates, benzyl benzoate, ethylene glycol monoethylether and like softening agents or diluents may be added.  In examples (1) glycerine and diglycollic acid are condensed in the presence of xylene and the product may be dissolved in ethylene glycolmonoethyl ether and may be further diluted with acetone, ethyl acetate or alcohol; (2) glycerine and diglycollic acid are condensed in the presence of cyclohexanone and the product may be dissolved in ethylene glycol monomethylether, methylethylketone or acetone; (3) glycerine and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of cyclohexanone; (4) glycerine, linseed oil and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of xylene and the product is suitable for the preparation of compositions which may also contain cellulose esters; (5) glycerine, linoleic acid, and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of xylene; (6) glycerine, castor oil and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of xylene and the product, which is soluble in benzene, may be worked up with nitrocellulose solutions; (7) glycerine, linoleic acid, linseed oil and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of xylene and the product is soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons; (8) ethylene glycol and diglycollic acid are p condensed in the presence of xylene and the product is soluble in acetone or ethylene glycolmonoethylether; (9) ethylene glycol, stearic acid and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of xylene giving a product soluble in benzene, acetone, ethyleneglycolmonoethylether, butyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof; (10) butylene glycol, linoleic acid and phthalic acid are condensed together in the presence of xylene to give a product soluble in hydrocarbons, acetone, and glycol ethers; (11) sorbitol and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of xylene; (12) glycerine and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of butyl acetate giving a product soluble in acetone, benzene, or monoethyleneglycolmonoethylether; (13) ethyleneglycolmonocresylether ether, succinic acid and phthalic anhydride are condensed in the presence of xylene giving a product soluble in cyclohexanone; (14) pentaerythritol, glycerine, the fatty acids of linseed oil and phthalic anhydride are condensed together in the presence of di-n-butyl ether to give a product soluble in benzene or solvent naphtha.  Specifications 235,589, 235,595, 273,290, 275,219, 275,604, 327,946, and 329,335, [all in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], are referred to.