baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1030443-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to transistors
IPC: H01L29/00
Filed: 1963-02-01
Abstract: 1,030,443. Transistors. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. Feb. 1, 1963 [Feb. 5, 1962], No. 4229/63. Heading H1K. A transistor comprises a germanium body of one conductivity type with a surface diffused layer of opposite conductivity type provided with an ohmic and a rectifying contact, the latter including a recrystallized layer of the one conductivity type with an overlying resolidified mass including lead or bismuth and tin or lead in addition to the impurities determining the conductivity types of the diffused and recrystallized layers. The illustrated embodiment is made from a P-type germanium wafer 1 on which N layer 2 has been formed by diffusion from antimony vapour. Two pellets of lead alloyed with 10 vol. per cent of an alloy of tin containing 2% by weight of antimony are lightly alloyed to the wafer. After painting one pellet 5 with aluminium the assembly is heated in hydrogen and slowly cooled. During this process layer 2 is extended beneath the pellets and recrystallized P and N zones 6, 4 produced immediately below the pellets. The N layer 2 is etched from the opposite face, a nickel layer 8 attached to the exposed P body with indium solder and lead-tin solder-coated nickel wires 7 attached to the pellets. Finally the configuration shown is obtained by etching with the region between the pellets masked. The prediffused N layer may be dispensed with, in which case surface diffusion of the antimony is relied on to provide the N layer between the pellets. In alternative methods the antimony is incorporated in the pellets from the vapour phase during alloying and the impurity for providing P zone 6 may be similarly added immediately before the cooling step. Layers deposited from the vapour phase or by electrolysis may replace the pellets.
Patent GB-588472-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to straight-edge rulers
IPC: B43L7/00
Filed: 1945-02-20
Abstract: 588,472. Rulers. SHAW, W. Feb. 20, 1945, No. 4312. [Class 97 (iii)] A hollow ruler of substantially polygonal section has ridges or projections separating the faces and is provided with end plugs 8 of the same size and shape as the ruler section. The faces 7 may be concave and the separating ridges 6 rounded. Projections 11 on the end plugs may engage complementary recesses in the ruler to ensure correct alignment of the parts.
Patent GB-337313-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to heating or cooking vessels
IPC: A47J36/02
Filed: 1930-02-08
Abstract: 337,313. Sfinx SpojenÚ Smaltovny a Tovßrny na. KovovÚ Zbozi Akc. Spol. Dec. 24, 1929, [Convention date]. Boiling-pans.-Heating vessels comprising an inner vessel 1 of rustless steel or other metal fitted with an outer sheath or jacket of another metal of higher conductivity, such as aluminium or copper, are provided with outwardly projecting metal parts such as 8<a> secured to the inner parts and closely fitting openings formed in the jackets. The metal projections may serve for the attachment of handles 3, welded thereto, or may be formed integral with the handles, as showm at 4; they also prevent relative movement of the vessel and the jacket.
Patent GB-1100421-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to wall mounted boilers for central heating
IPC: F23N1/08
Filed: 1965-02-01
Abstract: 1,100,421. Hot water boilers; gas burners. CONTIGEA. 1 Feb., 1965 [31 Jan., 1964], No. 4348/65. Headings F4A and F4T. In a combined central heating system and heater for domestic water the burner 23 is controlled by four valves 48, 32, 38 and 44 in series operated by thermostats and by Venturi tubes in the water pipes so as to increase the supply of gas when domestic water is drawn off and to protect the boiler against overheating. The central heating system includes a heat exchanger 40 containing a coil 65 for the domestic water and when water is drawn off a Venturi 66 operates a diaphragm 50 which through a lever 28 moves the support 52 of a sensing element 49 responsive to a thermostatic bulb 58 in the hot water flow pipe of the central heating system. A lever 41 can thus move counterclockwise and permit a spring 70 to move the valve 38 in the opening direction. At the same time, a link 30 acts through a bell crank lever 54 on a spring 57 to increase the opening of the valve 48. The valve 44 is opened against a spring 61 by a diaphragm 43 subject to the pressure difference created by a Venturi 19 when water is flowing in the central heating system. The valve 32 is initially opened to permit gas to the pilot burner 33 by a push button 24 and is maintained open by an electromagnet 63 energized by a thermocouple 11. If the valve 44 sticks in the open position when the water circulation is stopped, a thermostatic bulb 62 in the main heat exchanger 46 overheats and through a sensing element 47 moves the lever 37 away from the electromagnet 63 so that the valve 32 closes. A microswitch 14 is operated by the lever 41 to stop the pump 18 when the required temperature in the central heating system is exceeded. A valve 4 is operated to divert water from the central heating system to the heat exchanger 40 on operation of a switch 16 operated by the diaphragm 50 when water is withdrawn for domestic purposes. In summertime, an adjustment button 26 for the fulcrum of the lever 41 is set to operate a switch 15 which cuts out the pump 18 which is then thermostatically controlled by a switch 17.
Patent GB-1448292-A (GB)
Title: Electric arc furnace and a method of treating molten metal in such a furnace
IPC: F27D11/08
Filed: 1974-01-30
Abstract: 1448292 Producing steel PENNSYLVANIA ENG CORP 30 Jan 1974 [26 Feb 1973] 04359/74 Heading C7D [Also in Division F4] A pivotal electric arc furnace for use in making steel has a tuyÞre 11, Fig. 5, which is above the level of the metal charge 31 when the furnace is in a first position and which is below the surface of the metal charge, as shown, when the furnace is pivoted to a second position. The tuyÞre comprises coaxial pipes (75, 76), Fig. 4 (not shown). Flow control means, Fig. 6 (not shown), allow each of the inner and outer pipes to be selectively coupled to different fluid sources when the vessel is in each of its first and second positions. When the furnace is in the first position, so as to pre-heat the charge of scrap metal before using the electric arc, oxygen is passed through the inner pipe (75) and a fuel such as propane through the outer pipe (76). The pre-heating is to 1600‹ to 1800‹F. The electric arc completes melting of the charge. After using the electric arc, (optionally a hot metal charge is added to the melt), the furnace is pivoted to its second position, and the same gases are passed through the tuyÞre means, the oxygen oxidizing impurities such as Si, Mn, P and C in the melt and the propane shielding the tuyÞre. Thereafter, the melt may be desulphurized by passing CaO and Ar through the inner pipe and Ar through the outer pipe. Fig. 6 (not shown) illustrates supply to the tuyÞre means of (a) hydrocarbons and (b) O 2 , N 2 , Ar and air into which can be entrained from pressure vessels (150, 151) powders such as lime, burnt lime, limestone, iron oxide, desulphurizing agents, fluorspar, powdered coke, silica sand, and alloying agents. Low carbon, stainless or silicon steels may be produced. A double slag process may be performed.
Patent GB-770361-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to 3-amino-4-butoxy-benzoates and to the preparation thereof
Filed: 1955-02-14
Abstract: The invention comprises b -dimethylaminoethyl 3-amino-4-butoxybenzoate and the acid addition salts thereof, and its preparation by esterifying 3-nitro-4-butoxybenzoic acid to produce b -dimethylaminoethyl 3-nitro-4-butoxybenzoate and reducing the nitro group thereof.  The esterification is effected (a) by reacting 3-nitro-4-butoxybenzoic acid with thionyl chloride to give the acid chloride and reacting this with dimethylethanolamine, (b) by transesterifying methyl or ethyl 3-nitro-4-butoxybenzoate with b -dimethylaminoethanol in the presence of sodium methoxide while removing methanol or ethanol from the reaction mixture, (c) by reacting the 3-nitro-4-butoxybenzoic acid, a salt or the methyl or ethyl ester thereof with b -dimethylaminoethyl chloride, (d) by reacting 3-nitro-4-butoxybenzoic acid or a salt thereof with a haloethanol, replacing the hydroxy group in the product by a halogen atom (e.g. by the action of thionyl chloride) and reacting the resulting product with dimethylamine, or (e) reacting 3-nitro-4-butoxybenzoic acid or a salt thereof with an ethylene dihalide and reacting the product with dimethylamine.  The reduction of the nitro group may be effected by chemical methods (e.g. with iron or tin and hydrochloric acid, ferrous sulphate and ammonia, or sodium hydrosulphite) or by catalytic hydrogenation (e.g. in the presence of Raney nickel, platinum or palladium). Examples illustrate methods (a), (b), (c) and (d) above.  The product is useful as a local an sthetic (see Group VI).  Starting material.  3-Nitro-4 - butoxybenzoic acid is prepared by reacting methyl p-hydroxybenzoate with n-butyl bromide in alcoholic sodium ethoxide solution, hydrolysing the ester group, and nitrating the resulting p-butoxybenzoic acid.ALSO:Local anaesthetic preparations, which may be in the form of sterile solutions for irrigation, intravenous administration or subcutaneous injection, dispersions in an oil, emulsion, jelly or cream base, troches or lozenges contain b  - dimethylamino ethyl 3-amino-4-butoxybenzoate or an acid addition salt thereof dispersed in a pharmaceutical carrier, with or without other therapeutic agents, such as antihistamines, sulpha drugs or antibiotics.  Examples describe compositions containing: (I) the hydrochloride of the base, benzyl alcohol and water for injection; (II) the free base, methylcellulose, propylene glycol and distilled water; (III) the free base, propylene glycol and Carbowax-6000.
Patent GB-329016-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to sectional toys
IPC: A63H33/10
Filed: 1929-02-09
Abstract: 329,016. Grant, W. G. Feb. 9, 1929. Animals; mechanical constructions, details for building-up.-Constructional toys and alphabetical letters in block form are built up from sections detachably assembled by the engagement of pearshaped studs on some sections with resilient bushes secured to others. A model of a horse may be made in two sections a, b, the section a having a stud e entering a bush f in a socket in the other section b. The studs may be made of celluloid or other material, and the bushes of rubber or guttapercha. Both studs and bushes may be secured to their respective sections by the use of an adhesive. The legs c, d of the model are also similarly secured to the body sections. The studs may The formed with flat parts to prevent relative rotary motion of the sections. In the case of thin sections, the studs and bushes are provided with flanges by which they are secured to the sections. A double stud for uniting two sections both having bushes is described. Wheels G, Fig. 3, may be provided on axle-like extensions of studs e<4>, the wheels being retained in position by pins h. Specifications 23650/01 and 8798/02 are referred to.
Patent GB-917140-A (GB)
Title: Turbine meters
IPC: G01F1/115
Filed: 1959-02-09
Abstract: 917,140. Rotary meters. ROCKWELL MANUFACTURING CO. Feb. 9, 1959 [Feb. 27, 1958], No. 4408/59. Class 110 (2). In a rotary meter, Fig. 2, of the turbine type the rotor assembly consists of a shaft 90 of magnetic material suspended by a magnet 96 and a rotor 98, 100 journalled in ring sapphire radial bearings 92, 94. The magnetic driving element 102 is coupled to a magnetic follower 108 through a non-magnetic partition 110, the member 108 driving a vertical register drive shaft 124 through suitable gearing (see Figs. 13 and 14, not shown). The meter housing is provided with ribs 62 to eliminate any tangential component in the fluid approaching the rotor. In a modification, Fig. 15, the rotor 314 is journalled in anti-friction thrust bearings 320, 322 and the register is located downstream of the rotor being driven through a like magnetic drive coupling and a shaft 332 coupled to the rotor shaft 318. Specification 880,106 is referred to.
Patent GB-548803-A (GB)
Title: Combined water tube-flue type boiler for small central water heating installations and general domestic uses
IPC: F22B17/02
Filed: 1941-04-05
Abstract: 548,803. Furnaces. YATES, E. W. April 5, 1941, No. 4556. [Class 51 (i)] [Also in Group- XIII] A boiler has horizontal internal flues F, H at the sides of a furnace chamber and a vertical internal flue I at the back. The gases pass from the furnace chamber over side water walls E, downward through the side flues and upwards through the rear flue. The side flues contain horizontal or inclined water-filled partitions G directing the gas backwards and forwards through the flues. The rear flue contains a vertical water chamber C communicating with the main water space. Inclined water tubes D extend across the top of the furnace chamber. A float in the boiler .is so connected by rods and levers to a damper door toothed catch and to a furnace door locking bar as to damp combustion and prevent firing when the boiler water falls below its proper working level.
Patent GB-325989-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to alternating current dynamos
IPC: H02K19/30
Filed: 1929-02-12
Abstract: 325,989. Shillito, B. J. Feb. 12, 1929. Exciting; regulation of exciting-machines.- The invention relates to alternators, the voltage of which is kept substantially constant at all loads by supplying the exciter with currents proportional to the alternator output current through transformers and rectifiers. According to the invention, a current transformer 7 and rectifier 16 are provided for a single phase machine or for each phase of a polyphase machine 1, 2, 3, and a smoothing condenser 29, and the rectified current is supplied to a field winding 27 on the exciter 5, which winding may be one provided for the purpose or an exciting field winding disconnected from its circuit. The rectifier is of the double wave, four element, copper oxide type. As shown the primary windings 13, 17, 21 of the transformers 7, 8, 9 are connected in series with the three phase mains 14, 18, 22, and the output terminals of the rectifiers are connected in parallel to the exciter field terminals. A rheostat 28 is connected across the rectifier output terminals. Shunt windings 30, 31, 32 may be provided on the transformers, or a separate shunt transformer may be employed for each phase with its secondary winding in series with the secondary winding. of the appropriate current transformer 7, 8 or 9.
Patent GB-824597-A (GB)
Title: A method of permuting marked dice in a closed transparent container in four columns
IPC: A63F9/04
Filed: 1958-02-13
Abstract: 824,597. Chance apparatus. ABBS, J. W. Feb. 13, 1958, No. 4648/58. Class 132(2) A transparent dice container has a head 1 having one domed side face 2 and of sufficient volume for mixing the dice 5 and a tube 3 into which they can be slid in alignment to give the chance indication in four columns.
Patent GB-130699-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Fuel Oils.
Inventor: TINKER FRANK
IPC: C10L1/32
Filed: 1918-03-18
Abstract: 130,699. Tinker, F. March 18, 1918. Oils for burning &c.-A fuel oil containing both mineral oil and tar or tar oils containing pitch is obtained by adding to the tar &c., betore it is mixed with the mineral oil, a third ingredient or intermediate oil which is miscible with each of the other ingredients and which is intermediate of them in its chemical composition and surface tension. Usually, an intermediate oil is intermediate in specific gravity also, as it is found that the surface tension and specific gravity increase with the proportion of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur in the oil. In one method of making an intermediate oil, a mineral oil is oxygenated. For example, a shale oil of a specific gravity of 0.85-0.90 is heated to 300‹ C., and air is blown through it for 3-4 hours until the product is soluble in tar and has acquired the necessary surface tension. In a second method, asphaltic oils, such as Mexican oils, are stripped of the lighter and medium fraction, thus removing the oils having a high hydrogen-content. In a third method, oils such as Borneo oils having the requisite hydrogen-content are stripped until the requisite surface tension is obtained. In a fourth method, naturally.occurring intermediate oils are used. If the surface tension of these oils is slightly too low, as in the case of oils from Trinidad and Texas, or too high as in the case of creosote, heavy asphaltic oils and asphalts, and oils from sulphurous shales, the surface tension is adjusted by blending. The tars &c. employed include dehydrated tar alone or mixed with pitch, and creosote oil in which pitch has been dissolved. The tar, mineral oil, and intermediate oil are preferably used in equal proportions, and any solids are separated by heating to 85-90‹ C. and afterwards settling or filtering.
Patent GB-113180-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Devices for enabling Parcels and other Objects to be readily Carried by Hand.
Inventor: EARLE HARDMAN ARTHUR
IPC: A45F5/10
Filed: 1917-04-04
Abstract: 113,180. Earle, H. A. April 4, 1917. Parcel and like carriers.-Two members a, a<1> are spring-connected at a<2>, and the lower member is detachably engaged with a loop a<3>. A handle b may be mounted on the upper member, and one or more links c, pivoted upon that member and retained in position by washers d, may be adapted to hook on to the lower member, which may be waved to form seatings for the string loops of the parcels, &c.
Patent GB-179668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cutting tool sharpening devices
IPC: B24B3/48
Filed: 1921-02-12
Abstract: 179,668. Gouldbourn, J., and British United Shoe Machinery Co., Ltd. Feb. 12, 1921. Block, rubber, and like apparatus ; cutting- edges, treating; gauges.-A cutting-tool having a bevelled edge, for example, the knife of a machine for splitting leather &c., is held in a clamp so as to present the bevelled face to a flat hone, and the tool is moved over the hone in a complex path, so that the hone is evenly worn down and does not glaze. The hone 1 is mounted in a horizontal holder 3, which has at its ends trunnions 4 supported on plungers 5. The plungers are supported by springs 7 located in bearings in the frame 6; the hone also may be fixed in position by plates 8 and screws 9. The knife 10 is mounted in a holder 11, in which it is positioned by screws 16 and pivoted gauge-bars 13, and secured by a screw 20; screws 14 clamp the gauges in the inoperative position and also clamp the screws 16 in adjusted position. The holder 11 is fulcrumed on a shaft 18. and has an arm 19 adapted to carry a weight, whereby the pressure of the knife on the hone is adjustably determined. The shaft 18 is mounted in lugs 21 extending upwardly from a member 22, which is supported by plates mounted on ball bearings 29, and has at one end a bearing for a crank-pin 23, and near its other end a slot 24 engaging a crankpin 25. The crank-pins are carried by shafts 27 and are driven at different speeds by spur gearing 32, 34. The member 22 thus moves in a continually varying path dependent upon the relative numbers of teeth in the spur-wheels carried bv the shafts 27; by these means, the whole surface of the hone is evenly worked over. The downward movement of the holder 11, and thus the extent to which the knife is ground, is determined by the engagement of a boss 42 on the holder with an adjustable screw 43 carried by the member 22. The holder 11 is supported in a raised position, during insertion and removal of a knife, by lugs 31 on the member 22, which engage with the holder. Specification 17808/09, [Class 31 (i), Cutting and severing machines &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-873712-A (GB)
Title: Production of unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes
Inventor: BARCLAY JOHN LYNN
IPC: B01J23/38
Filed: 1959-02-13
Abstract: Acrolein or methacrolein is prepared by reacting at an elevated temperature propylene or isobutylene respectively with oxygen over an oxidation catalyst comprising (1) a mixture of tungsten oxides with oxides of silver, tin or bismuth and/or (2) a compound of silver, tin or bismuth with tungsten and oxygen.  The catalyst may be deposited on a support such as alumina or silica.  Preferably the molar ratio of the tungsten component to the silver, tin or bismuth component is between 0.3:1 and 3:1 and the olefine forms 1-20% by volume of the feed and the oxygen 1-20%.  The oxygen may be diluted with inert gases, preferably nitrogen or steam or mixtures thereof.  The reaction may be carried out as a fixed bed or as a fluidised bed process, preferably at a temperature in the range 300-500 DEG C. Specifications 625,330 and 648,386 are referred
Patent GB-1531771-A (GB)
Title: Sliding clasp fastener
IPC: F16H59/02
Filed: 1976-02-10
Abstract: 1531771 Sliding clasp fasteners YOSHIDA KOGYO KK 10 Feb 1976 [21 Feb 1975] 05066/76 Heading E2S A sliding clasp fastener for use with the selector box 33 of an automatic transmission automobile, consists of opposed stringers 11, 12 with fastening elements 16 held engaged except for a gap, through which the selector lever 28 protrudes, by sliders 17, 18 interlinked by a retainer ring 24, or even a cord. As lever 28 moves backwards and forwards, the fastener is opened and closed by the sliders so that only the gap position is disengaged.
Patent GB-892147-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hot-gas reciprocating apparatus
IPC: F02G1/043
Filed: 1959-02-13
Abstract: 892,147. Hot gas engines. PHILIPS GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN N.V. Feb. 13, 1959 [Feb. 15, 1958], No. 5079/59. Class 7(1). [Also in Group XIII] In a hot gas reciprocating engine the working medium consists of a gas mixture free of oxygen the mixture comprising at least 3% by weight and at the most 20% by weight of hydrogen. The medium may contain 5% by weight of hydrogen. The remaining portion of the working medium may consist substantially of helium. The engine may be of the type shown in the Figure.
Patent GB-833345-A (GB)
Title: Pencil lead holder
IPC: B43K21/16
Filed: 1956-02-20
Abstract: 833,345. Pencil holders. HEINZ, K. H. Feb. 20, 1956 [Feb. 19, 1955], No. 5211/56. Class 146(3) A pencil holder has a feed claw 19, closed by a clamping member 26 under the action of a spring 25, which feeds the lead 32 through a point collet 11, a clearance 31 being provided between an abutment 30 on a guide member 24 and an abutment 29 on the point section 6 or in the forward part of the holder barrel 5 which provides for variations in dimensions of leads, the point collet 11 being closed independently of the feed claw 19 by return spring 15 which abuts the lead magazine 14 and a shoulder in the barrel 5. The feed claw 19 has jaws 22 which engage the lead through slots 18 in the lead guide 16. If a lead within the jaws 22 is thinner than that in the point collet 11, the jaws 22 are drawn further back into the member 26 than with a thicker lead, thereby causing the clamping member 26 and the guide member 24 to be pressed by the spring 25, further forward to reduce the clearance 31 between the abutments 30 and 29. The clearance 31 is increased when the jaws 22 engage a lead of larger diameter than the point collet 11. In operation, the collet 11 is pushed forwardly to release the lead and the abutment 30 engages the abutment 29. The jaws 22 carry the clamping member 26 forward into engagement with a shoulder formed between bores 7 and 8 in the point section 6, thereby advancing the lead. Further forward movement of the jaws 22 releases the lead. Upon release of forward axial pressure on the lead magazine the claws and collet 11 are retracted by the spring 15. In a modification, the point collet and lead guide tube are integral. In a further modification, the feed claws are secured to the lead guide which is advanced by a collar on a pressure member engaging a shoulder on the lead guide tube after the collar has taken up lost-motion, while the barrel and point section are integral.