Patent GB-782418-A (GB)
Title: Process for enhancing the fastness to washing of flame-resistant dressings on textiles
IPC: D06M15/423
Filed: 1954-08-06
Abstract: 782,418. Flame-proofing, and optionally waterproofing, textile materials. CIBA Ltd. Aug. 6, 1954 [Aug. 7, 1953], No. 22999/54. Class 140. A process for enhancing the fastness to washing of flame-resistant dressings, produced with non-cyclic compounds of the urea group and phosphoric acids on textile materials, comprises after-treating the impregnated material with a formaldehyde condensation product of the amino-triazine or urea group or an ether of such a condensation product with an alcohol of low molecular weight. The impregnated material thereby acquires an enhanced resistance to alkaline washing agents provided after washing the material is subjected to ion exchange whereby the alkali metal ions are replaced by ions of a volatile base. Specified non-cyclic compounds of the urea group are urea, thiourea and non- cyclic compounds containing the group: such as dicyandiamide, dicyandiamidine, guanidine, acetoguanidine and biguanide. Specified phosphoric acids are phosphorous acids, ororthophosphoric acid, pyro-phosphoric acid, meta-phosphoric acid, diamido-phosphoric acid and diimido phosphoric acid. Salts of these acids may also be used, such as ammonium salts, salts with organic nitrogenous bases such as methylamine, diethylamine, tripropylamine, monoethanolamine, piperidine or morpholine, and salt mixtures obtained by heating pyrophosphoric acid or another phosphoric acid with urea at a high temperature. Specified formaldehyde condensation products of the amino-triazine group are reaction products of formaldehyde with melamine: methylol compounds of melam, melem, ammeline, ammelide, or halogen substituted aminotriazines such as 2 - chloro - 4: 6 - diamino - 1: 3: 5 - triazine; methylol compounds of guanamines such as benzoguanamine, aceboguanamine or formoguanamine; and condensation products of formaldehyde with guanyl-melamines. Specified formaldehyde condensation products of the urea group are condensation products of formaldehyde with urea, thiourea, or non-cyclic compounds containing the group : such as dicyandiamide, dicyandiamidine, guanidine, acetoguanidine or biguanide. A suitable compound is dimethylol urea. Specified ethers with aliphatic alcohols of low molecular weight are those derived from the foregoing formaldehyde condensation products of the urea group with methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, a propyl alcohol or a butyl alcohol. Suitable ethers are methyl ethers of methylol-melamines containing 3-6 methylol groups, in which 2-6 methylol groups are etherified. The condensation products may be applied in aqueous solution. The impregnated material may be dried at a raised temperature or heated to harden the condensation product. A hardening catalyst such as hydrochlorin, sulphuric or formic acid, ammonium chloride, sulphate, nitrate, oxalate or lactate, diethyl tartrate or triacetin may be added to the impregnation bath. Suitable salts for carrying out the step of ion-exchange after an alkaline wash are ammonium sulphate, chloride, carbonate or nitrate, diammomium  phosphate and ethylene diamine dihydrochloride. Specified textile materials which may be treated are linen, jute, viscose, cotton and wool. Examples describe the impregnation of cotton, regenerated cellulose and viscose rayon fabrics with aqueous solutions of pyrophosphoric acid and urea, and of phosphoric acid, dicyandiamide and urea, followed by after-treatment with melamine-formaldehyde, hexamethylol trimethyl ether, dimethylol urea, dicyandiamideformaldehyde, or dicyandimidine-formaldehyde. The after-treatment of the invention may be coupled with an after treatment for imparting hydrophobic properties to the material, e.g. by the use of a paraffin wax emulsion. Specification 730,018, [Group IV (a)], is referred to.