Patent GB-1057282-A (GB)
Title: Rotary internal combustion engines and fluid motors
IPC: F02B75/02
Filed: 1963-04-19
Abstract: 1,057,282. Rotary internal combustion engines and fluid motors. J. W. MARSHALL. April 15, 1964 [April 19, 1963; May 22, 1963; July 31, 1963], Nos. 15430/63; 20336/63 and 30264/63. Heading F1F. A rotary I. C. engine or fluid motor comprising a male rotor and one or two female rotors mounted on parallel axes with the female rotors rotating in the opposite direction to the male rotor with substantially no contact of the rotors with each other or with the casing, includes at least two cycloidal-shaped lobes on the male rotor engageable with cavities of greater depth in the female rotor or rotors with casing ports disposed such that pressure is released from behind one male rotor lobe whilst the rear face of the next succeeding lobe is subjected to the pressure of the ignited compressed fuel/air mixture or the working fluid. Operating as an I. C. engine, a two-lobed male rotor 1, Fig. 1, co-operates with a single female rotor having a pair of cavities 28. Air from a blower admitted through an inlet is compressed by the rotor 1 and mixed with fuel injected through an injector 10. The mixture is then transferred to a cavity 28 and ignited by a spark-plug 9 which may be timed to give two or more sparks per revolution of the rotors. Two or more spark-plugs may be fired alternately to share the load. Air is also admitted through an inlet 6' to scavenge the female rotor. A duct 11 permits the high pressure burning gases to expand down to male rotor pressure. On rotation, the port 38 from the duct 11 is cleared by one male rotor lobe just prior to a cavity 28 reaching the duct edge 39 and the other male rotor lobe clears the exhaust port 7 before the other cavity reaches the inlet port 6'. The rotors are geared together in a 1:1 ratio and labyrinth grooves 15, 16 in the casing and male rotor improve sealing. A spark or glow-plug 9' may be fitted for starting and instead of the injector 10 fuel may be injected directly into the cavities 28 through a duct 41 and nozzles 42 in the male rotor or passages in the female rotor. In another embodiment, Fig. 3 (not shown) the male rotor includes five lobes which co-operate with two-three cavity female rotors geared to the male rotor in the ratio of 5: 3. In this case the diameter of the body of the male rotor is greater than the diameters of the female rotor and two inlet ports (6) and two exhaust ports (7) open into the chamber associated with the male rotor. Fuel is injected directly into the cavities (28) through fuel-injectors (1) and coolant is circulated through axial and radial passages in the rotors. In a further embodiment, Fig. 4 (not shown) in which a three-lobed male rotor co-operates with two-three cavity female rotors, one of the female rotors functions as a rotary blower. This permits an air/fuel mixture from a carburetter to be supplied to the inlet (6) compressed by the male rotor into the cavities (28) of the blower rotor (3) and transferred through a duct connecting a transfer port (43) with the port (6'). Alternatively air only may be supplied through the inlet (6) and compressed by the blower rotor. A fuel-injector (10) is then fitted or an anti-chamber (53) is continuously supplied with fuel and mixed with the compressed air. Endwise sealing of the male rotor is improved by the provision of shallow indentations (47) on the end faces of the lobes. Further embodiments with one or two female rotors and various arrangements of lobes and cavities are described. Instead of operating as an I.C. engine, high pressure gas, compressed air, vapour, steam or other fluid may be employed in order to operate as a fluid motor.