baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-231192-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in regenerative preheaters for air or other media
IPC: F28D19/04
Filed: 1925-03-21
Abstract: 231,192. Sandberg, A., (Assignee of Sandberg, J. T.). March 21, 1924, [Convention date]. Regenerators.-In apparatus for effecting the transfer of heat between gaseous media, such as waste furnace gases and air for combustion in a furnace, of the kind comprising discs mounted on a shaft separated by partitions which also separate the heatexchanging media, the discs and partitions are so arranged that they can be suitably pressed together in the direction of the shafting in order to obtain as small clearance as possible between the partitions and discs. In the form of apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4, rotary discs 9 are disposed within two conduits arranged within a casing 1 and separated by partition walls 6, 7, air for combustion entering one of the conduits at 4 and after passing over and between the discs leaving at 2 and waste furnace gases entering the other conduit at 3 and after passing over and between the discs leaving at 5. The discs may be provided at the centre with collars 12, 13 coupled together by spigot and socket joints and may be loosely mounted on the shaft 11 or secured thereto. When the discs are loosely mounted on the shaft, the outer discs may be provided with extended collars such as 20 to which a driving-pulley 23 is attached. When the discs are secured to the shaft, the latter is driven by a pulley such as 22. The discs are separated by partitions 8 provided with bushings 16 forming bearings for the discs. The partitions 8 are secured to the walls 6, 7 by loosely fitting bolts so as to permit a small sliding movement of the partitions on the shaft. The discs and partitions may be pressed together by devices such as springs. The discs may be guided by plate washers 24, Fig. 7, supported on rods 25 in the casing, such washers being spaced apart by small adjusting washers 26. Guides 29 secured to the frame may also be provided. Loose packing may be provided between the discs and partitions 8. The partitions 8 need not be arranged entirely on the vertical axis of the apparatus but may be arranged at an angle as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. The discs may be plane, conical or dished or formed with concentric grooves, the partitions 8 being shaped to correspond. The apparatus may be modified, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, in such a manner that two different media may heat the discs which then transfer the heat to a third medium or vice versa, the partitions and dividing walls being arranged at angles of 120‹. Fans may be employed to force the gases through the apparatus.
Patent GB-434819-A (GB)
Title: Wave filters
IPC: H03H9/54
Filed: 1934-03-10
Abstract: 434,819. Impedance networks; piezo-electric crystal mountings. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., 63, Aldwych, London.-(Western Electric Co., Inc. ; 195, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.) March 10, 1934, No. 7658. [Classes 40 (iii) and 40 (v)] In band-pass lattice or bridged-T wave-filters utilizing piezo-electric crystals, (1) the pass-band may be broadened by insertion in both line and lattice arms of inductance in series or in shunt to the crystals ; (ii) the crystals may be coupled to the filter arms by step-down transformers so that crystals and impedances of convenient size may be used ; and (iii) in order that mass-produced crystals of equal size may have differently pitched frequency characteristics, they may be tuned by means of series and shunt condensers. Band filters utilizing crystals. A crystal being equivalent to an acceptor circuit shunted by a condenser, Fig. 2 (not shown), the Specification shows how a band-pass filter can be made with a lattice section, Fig. 4 (not shown) which has equal line arms and equal lattice arms. the line arms being suitably dimensioned in relation to the lattice arms and unequal to them. The band can be widened by the addition of inductance in series and capacity in shunt with each crystal, Fig. 6, or by the addition of inductance in shunt with each crystal, Fig. 7 (not shown) : or there may be inductance and capacity both in series and in shunt with each crystal, Fig. 9 (not shown). Where the added impedances are numerous the attenuation characteristic may become distorted by dissipation, but this result may be prevented by, for instance, substituting for the section shown in Fig. 6 the equivalent section shown in Fig. 12, provided that LO1=LO2=LO and C1>C2. The resistances of the coils marked ¢LO raise the characteristic impedance of the reaction, but this can be reduced by means of resistance shunted across the terminals of the section. When the filter is to be used in an unbalanced amplifier, a bridged-T section, equivalent to the balanced lattice section, may be employed. Coupling of crystals. The dimensioning of the above circuits may necessitate inconveniently large inductances or thin crystals. This necessity is obviated by coupling the crystal to the filter arms by means of step-down transformers instead of conductive connections. An economy of crystals can be effected by means of the double inductive couplings shown in Fig. 14. Tuning crystal circuits. The impedance characteristic of a crystal may be varied by the use of series and shunt condensers, Figs. 15, 16. Thus mass-produced crystals all having the same dimensions can be tuned to have different frequency characteristics. Mounting of crystal. A crystal having electrodes P, P, Fig. 1, is supported by median knife-edges 15 parallel to the optic axis O O<1> and in the plane of the electric axis E E<1>.
Patent GB-413432-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric storage batteries
IPC: H01M50/528
Filed: 1933-03-15
Abstract: 413,432. Accumulators; mounting terminals. PRITCHETT & GOLD & E.P.S. CO., Ltd., CHAPMAN, E. S., and HONEY, E. M. O'C., Dagenham Dock; Essex. March 15, 1933, No. 7847. [Classes 38 (i) and 53.] An accumulator comprising a number of cells each having a separate lid E is provided with connectors between the cells and with terminals H which lie wholly below the top of the accumulator. The top is made into a level surface by sealing composition F between the lids E. Adjacent cells are connected by a conductor J which passes over or through the partition B between the cells and is burned to lead strips G which are burned to the plate lugs. The strips G may have teeth which project between the plate lugs or they may be formed with slots through which the lugs project. Each of the terminals H is provided as shown in Fig. 5 with a flange H' which is embedded in the wall of the container, and also with a projection H<3> which passes through the wall and is burned to the strip G. The outer end H<4> of the terminal is tapered and it may be threaded and provided with a nut. A collar H abuts against the outer surface of the casing. The casing may be moulded round the terminals or round bushings through which the terminals are passed, or the terminal or its bushing may be cast into a correspondingly shaped opening formed in the casing. The connectors J may be provided with projections which are flush with the top of the accumulator to provide intercell terminals for testing purposes, or small holes may be formed in the composition F above the oonnectors. Terminals for intermediate cells may be taken through the side walls and may be constructed similarly to the end terminals, Specification 413,433 is referred to.
Patent GB-249858-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric heaters
IPC: H05B3/74
Filed: 1926-03-22
Abstract: 249,858. Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co., (Assignees of Keene, A. D.). March 26, 1925, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. Wire resistances, embedded.-The resistors of electric heating units in ovens, furnaces, &c. are embedded directly, or with interposed insulation such as alundum, in carborundum or other material which conducts heat and electricity to a similar extent to carborundum. A helicallywound wire with the turns spaced apart before or after winding may be dipped in, or otherwise coated with, moistened, powdered electric-insulating material such as alundum and, when the coating has dried, bent to the form shown in Fig. 1 on a former such as a wooden plate with pegs, and lightly pressed into moistened, powdered heat- and -electric conducting material such as carborundum in a rectangular mould. Alternatively, grooves in the powdered carborundum may receive the wire, which is afterwards covered with powdered carborundum. In either case, a high pressure and heat are applied to press the carborundum into intimate contact with the insulated wire and to form a plate unit 14 which may act also as a muffle. The carborundum is mixed with 5 to 10 per cent of clay acting as a binder. Terminals 15, 16 of michrome or other refractory material extend into the plate 14, have the ends of the resistance wire 12 wrapped around them, and are covered with insulation 17 such as alundum. In a modified unit of rod form, Fig. 5, a wire helix 12 is embedded in a rod 18, 19 of carborundum &c., terminals similar to those in Fig. 1 or formed by doubling the wire 12 on itself being employed. In this form, the insulation 13 about the wire may be omitted, the carborundum itself conducting a small current. The helix 12 may be embedded in the rod by the process used for the rectangular plate or by extrusion of plastic material through a nozzle.
Patent GB-1269327-A (GB)
Title: Helicopter rotor
IPC: D06M11/82
Filed: 1970-02-19
Abstract: 1,269,327. Helicopters. DORNIER G.m.b.H. 19 Feb., 1970 [26 Feb., 1969], No. 8055/70. Heading B7W. A helicopter rotor and mast assembly has rotor blades 5 attached to the cup 3 and a hollow mast 1 fixed to the ball 2 of a ball-andcup joint, and a bendable rod 8 supporting the cup 3 and non-rotatably mounted at a location 11 away from the cup. The mast 1 transmits power to the blades 5 through a synchronous joint 6 at any position of the cup 3 relative to the ball 2, and the blades 5 are attached to the cup by connections 4. Bearings 7 are provided between the cup 3 and bendable rod 8 and the latter is braced by a sleeve 9 and bearing 12. This sleeve 9, 12 slides within the mast 1 and is controlled by linkages 10 so that the rigidity of the ball and cup joint 2, 3 may be varied in accordance with flying conditions. In order that the phase angle in the plane of the rotor disc between cyclic control deflection and control moment should remain the same at all degrees of rigidity when a change in flapping, resistance is imposed part of a swash-plate attached to the fuselage may be rotated. Alternatively, by increasing rotor speed it is possible to maintain the phase angle constant when the control rigidity is changed.
Patent GB-854989-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with the carrying out of processes using electrical glow discharger
IPC: C23C8/36
Filed: 1957-03-12
Abstract: 854,989. Discharge apparatus. ELEKTROPHYSIKALISCHE ANSTALT B. BERGHAUS. March 12, 1957 [March 12, 1956 ; Aug. 20, 1956], No. 8187/57. Addition to 805,163. Class 39(1). In a process as described in the parent Specification for treating metal articles in a gas - fitted metallic discharge vessel, the applied voltage is kept below, and the gas pressure is kept above the critical valves at which the glow discharge just covers the negative parts, and the distances between the articles to be treated and the counter-electrodes and walls of the vessel are so arranged that the glow discharge concentrates on the said articles. In the apparatus shown a steel tube 5 to be nitrided is supported between three countereleotrodes 6 by a holder 4 connected to the internal lead 8 of a lead-in 2 provided with protective gaps, Fig. 3 (not shown), and insulated from the wall cover of an earthed iron vessel 1 containing a filling of 75% hydrogen and 25% nitrogen at a pressure of 11 mm. of mercury. A D.C. supply 7 is pulsed between 480 volts and 395 volts by periodically short-circuiting a series resistance 26 by a switch 27 controlled by a pulsing means 28. It is stated that in arranging the electrodes a "capacity rule " must be followed, the " capacity " referred to being that existing in the absence of a discharge. The capacity between tube 5 and the counterelectrodes 6 must be greater than the parallel capacity formed by the series capacities between the vessel 1 and the holder 4 together with the load 8 and between the vessel 1 and the counterelectrode 6 and the internal lead of the lead-in 3. A discharge condition can be obtained in which the lead 8 is entirely free from glow discharge. The counterelectrodes 6 may be replaced by a cylinder and the vessel 1 may be divided into upper and lower halves which are insulated from each other or the vessel may be provided with top and bottom covers of insulating material, Figs. 5 and 6 (not shown).
Patent GB-1087484-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to register control in printing presses
Inventor: ASTLEY EDWARD THOMAS
IPC: B65H23/04
Filed: 1965-02-25
Abstract: 1,087,484. Photo-electric register control of a web. CROSFIELD ELECTRONICS Ltd. Feb. 18, 1966 [Feb.25, 1965], No. 8188/65. Heading G1A. Register marks on a moving web of printed paper are in the form of a transverse line 2 positioned in a clear space between two areas of printing 3 and are recognized by a linear array of photodiodes 7 to 11 sensing in succession a clear space by all diodes, a mark by some of the diodes but clear space for the remainder and finally clear space for them all again. The diodes are arranged in The Figure so that 8, 9 and 10 view areas 8a, 9a and 10a along a line of light 6 over which the register mark passes while diodes 7 and 11 view areas outside the path of the mark. Signals from the diodes pass via circuits 12 and 13 to shape the signals representing black and white areas to the correct height before passing to a circuit which recognises the correct sequence of signals. When all diodes see clear space, as prior to a mark, Schmitt trigger circuit S 1  has zero output and allows Miller integrator M 1  to charge at a rate proportional to the web speed and of " of clear space is sensed M 1  will have reached a voltage sufficient to turn on trigger circuit T 1 . If the registration mark is subsequently sensed gate A 1  gives an output which is passed via the now open gate G 1  to set a monostable trigger circuit. If a mark, but not the registration one, is sensed A 1  gives no output but with the output from S 1  opens gate A 2  to reset the trigger circuit T 1 . Trigger circuit T 2  will revert to the original state after #" of web travel and differentiation circuit D provides a pulse to start Miller integrator M 2  charging as it does so. If at this point the diodes are still sensing the mark (i. e. it is thicker than the correct one) S 1  has an output and together with the differentiating pulse opens AND gate A 3  to reset the trigger. If however clear space continues to be sensed for a further #" the integrator M 2  reaches a potential to operate pulse generator PG to supply the registration pulse. If during this last #" of web a mark is sensed gate A 2  opens to reset trigger circuit T 1  and so reset integrator M 2 . The register pulse is used to activate a further scanning head which senses register marks to give a more accurate register pulse. The register mark may extend from one edge of the web, when only one of the outside diodes 7 and 11 will be needed. Instead of having continuous outputs from each diode they may be sampled in the order in which they are arranged. Individual diodes may again be used for this or a block of silicon having the diodes etched in may be used.
Patent GB-713989-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in single disc liquid cooled brake
IPC: F16D65/78
Filed: 1952-04-01
Abstract: 713,989. Disc brakes. WINGFOOT CORPORATION. April 1, 1952 [Sept. 15, 1951], No. 8285/52. Class 103(1) A disc brake, particularly for stationary apparatus such as oil well drilling gear, having friction blocks 10 which are adapted to be moved into the housing 4 to contact the disc 5, has a fluid tight housing filled with liquid which contacts and cools both the brake blocks and disc. As shown in Fig. 3, the liquid is circulated by a pump 19 from a storage tank 21, which is of such a height as to keep the housing 4 filled with liquid at all times. The liquid may be refrigerated during its circuit. Specification 688,382 is referred to.
Patent GB-357165-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of phthalic anhydride derivatives
Filed: 1930-03-14
Abstract: Phthalic anhydride derivatives are obtained by replacing the nitro groups in nitrophthalic anhydrides or their derivatives by halogen, by treatment of such derivatives with halogens.  Further halogenation may also occur in such process.  The reaction can conveniently be carried out at a temperature at which the starting material is molten, say at 240 DEG  C.  In examples 3-nitrophthalic anhydride is converted to 3-chlorphthalic anhydride, a mixture of 3- and 4-nitrophthalic anhydrides to 3- and 4-chlorphthalic anhydrides (which may be separated in the form of their acids), and mononitro-4,5-dichlorphthalic anhydride (obtained by the nitration of 4,5-dichlorphthalic anhydride in nitric acid with addition of sulphuric acid) to a trichlorphthalic anhydride.
Patent GB-981427-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to preparation of trichlorocyanuric acid
IPC: B01J19/00
Filed: 1961-03-07
Abstract: A continuous process for the preparation of trichlorocyanuric acid comprises chlorinating by gaseous chlorine an aqueous solution containing cyanuric acid and an alkaline metal hydroxide, the molar ratio of acid to hydroxide being 1 : 3, at a temperature of 0-16 DEG C., and keeping the oxidation-reduction potential of the solution at the end of the chlorination at a substantially constant value (i.e. with a maximum variation of 5 millivolts) between 1050 and 1150 millivolts, when measured between a platinum electrode and a standard calomel electrode in KCl.  The time of contact between the reactants may be 1-38 minutes, and the original solution preferably contains between 20 and 30 grams per litre of cyanuric acid.  In Fig. 2, the aqueous solution of cyanuric acid and alkali metal hydroxide is introduced into a tank 1 which feeds continuously a series of chlorinators 4 and 8, this flow being regulated by valve 2 controlled by a remote regulating device 3. The solution enters chlorinator 4 at the bottom 5 and flows upwards to 6 and then by gravity to the lower portion 9 of chlorinator 8.  The crystals in chlorinator 8 are agitated from the bottom up by the flow of gaseous chlorine 17, and agitation in the opposite direction may be effected by a pump 7 which takes a portion of the solution at 10 and ejects it at 11 thus ensuring continuous circulation of the crystals.  The <PICT:0981427/C1/1> platinum-calomel couple 12 of regulating device 3 registers the average oxidation-reduction potential of the solution in 8.  The aqueous slurry pours off continuously into decanter 13 via overflow 14, and the product is recovered via valve 15, the spent liquor being drawn off by a filtering device 16. The chlorine flow through the system involves introduction through pipe 17 into chlorinator 8 where it is distributed uniformly by device 18, and unreacted chlorine leaves at 19 and is introduced via tube 20 into the bottom of chlorinator 4.  A cooling system shown as coils 21, 22 and 23 maintains the reaction medium at a temperature of 0-16 DEG  C. Instead of the flow of starting solution being dependent on and regulated by the oxidation-reduction potential at the end of the chlorination, the flow of chlorine may be so regulated, and whichever flow is not so regulated may be either kept constant or made responsive to another variable, e.g. the chlorine content of the residual gases. The process may be carried out in any number of stages from one upwards (two as illustrated), an alternative means of measuring the oxidation-reduction potential may be employed.
Patent GB-598966-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to detecting apparatus for electromagnetic radiation
IPC: G01J5/38
Filed: 1945-04-05
Abstract: 598,966. Temperature-responsive actuating- elements. BENDIX AVIATION CORPORATION. April 5, 1945, No. 8484. Convention date, March 13, 1944. [Class 64 (ii)] [Also in Group XL] An electrical apparatus responsive to electromagnetic radiations, e.g., heat or light, comprises a flexible conductor supported in a magnetic field and connected in an electrical circuit which is energized when the conductor is actuated by means of a substance responsive to the radiant energy. As shown, a substance 12, such as carbonized vegetable fibre in the form of a fine fluff which releases absorbed gases when exposed to radiant energy is disposed in a conical recess 11 having a window 13 formed, for example, of rock salt, and a small aperture 14 above a conducting ribbon 18 mounted between the pole faces 16, 17 of a magnet 15. Terminals 23, 24 on supporting members 19, 20 are connected through a transformer 28 and amplifier 32 to an indicating instrument 33, which may be replaced by a control device. The ribbon 18 is vibrated in the magnetic field by the gaseous discharge through the aperture 14 and the pressures on the opposite sides of the ribbon are subsequently equalized by flow through the gaps between the ribbon 18 and the pole faces 16, 17.
Patent GB-270062-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gear cases for cycles
IPC: B62J13/04
Filed: 1926-03-29
Abstract: 270,062. Pugh, J. V., and Rudge-Whitworth, Ltd. March 29, 1926. Gear cases for cycles of the drop-out wheel type, in which the wheel is moved forwards and downwards in inclined slots for detachment, comprise a rigidly-attached main longitudinal upper portion a, and a smaller longitudinal lower portion b which is adapted to be lowered as a unit upon disconnection of a single fastening-means. The lower edge of the upper section a is made for the greater part of its perimeter of three-fold thicknesses of material a<1>, a<2>, a<3>, Fig. 3, spaced apart to form grooves for the reception of the upper edge b<1> of the lower section b and the flanges c<1> of a bridge-piece or spacing-member c, the joint thus formed between the upper and lower sections preventing .escape of oil. Notches d, e, f are cut in the lower edge of the upper section a to receive the bottom bracket and the back wheel spindle and hub, the notches e, f for the latter being so shaped at e<1>, f<1> as to correspond with the inclined slots in the back forks. The unfilled portions of the notches are closed by parts b<2>, b<3>, b<4> on the lower section rising above the joint level. The chain stay is accommodated in a pocket h, at the rear end of which the chain stay passes through to the inside of the case, a slit h<1> being provided to enable the material upon each side thereof to be sprung in opposite directions in order to pass the upper section over the stay. The upper section a may be secured to the frame by clips &c., and the lower section b is pivoted to it at l<1>, a quickrelease catch o being provided at the rear end. The downward pivotal movement is limited by a stud n on the lower section engaging a slot m<1> in a stop-plate m on the upper section.
Patent GB-106170-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Gyroscopic Compasses.
Inventor: PERRY JOHN
IPC: G01C19/38
Filed: 1916-06-16
Abstract: 106,170. Perry, J., and Brown, S. G. June 16, 1916. Gyroscopic apparatus.-The tilt of a gyroscope having a substantially vertical axis due to the rotation of the earth is utilized to give the directional indication. The gyro casing A turns on horizontal trunnions carried by gimbal rings and a compress-card D slightly out of balance is mounted so as to be capable of turning freely on the extension c of the gyroscope axle. Means for exerting gravitational control and for damping oscillations shown in Fig. 3 comprise a cup G containing viscous material such as cobbler's wax mounted on gimbal rings g, g<1> carried by the gyro casing A, a member a<2> on the casing extending downwardly into the wax.