baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-597302-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to relay apparatus for controlling electric power networks
IPC: H02H11/00
Filed: 1945-08-13
Abstract: 597,302. Protective cut-out arrangements; induction relays. NALDER BROS. & THOMPSON, Ltd., RUSSELL, L. W. G., and WEBB, C. R. Aug. 13, 1945, No. 20780. [Class 38(v)] Relay apparatus for connecting a network to supply mains when the voltage of the former is lower by a predetermined amount than that of the latter, comprises an induction relay having a plurality of electromagnets, one of said magnets having a winding connected across the supply mains or the network and another of said magnets having a winding supplied with current proportional to the difference in voltage between the network and the supply mains to cause the relay to operate a circuit-breaker connected between the mains and the network. The relay comprises a conducting cylinder 6 mounted on a toothed spindle 7 co-operating with a toothed segment 13. Contacts 16, 17, operated by members 15 carried by the segment 13, are in series with two holding coils 22, 23, respectively, which act on a soft-iron armature 20 also carried by the segment 13. Four of the magnets 10 have windings 24 connected in pairs in series across the phases of the mains or the network. The other four magnets carry current windings 25, 26, responsive to the current in the phases, and windings 27, in series, responsive to the voltage difference between the supply and the network. The windings 27 are energised from the opposed secondaries of the two matched transformers 28, 29, and are de-energised by contacts 34 when the circuit-breaker is closed. If the voltage of the network is too low, the cylinder 6 moves counter-clockwise to close contacts 16, thereby energising a relay 32 and a closing motor 30 for the breaker. The current windings 25, 26 are then energised and hold the cylinder 6 in position against the bias of a spring 9, Fig. 1. This position is maintained until the breaker is manually tripped by switch 33 to energise relay 31 or the network voltage exceeds that of the mains, whereupon the flux due to coils 25, 23, reverses and the cylinder 6 moves clockwise to close trip contacts 17. In a modification, Figs. 4-6 (not shown), the differential windings are each wound in two parts which are connected in series with the primary and secondary respectively of separate transformers for each phase in series with phase-shifting chokes. The primaries of all the transformers are connected to the respective phases on the supply side, and the secondaries to corresponding phases on the network side, of the breaker, the corresponding windings of two of the sets being connected in series and to one phase, as in the case of windings 26 of Fig. 3. In this arrangement, if a phase difference only exists between the mains and network voltages, other than one dependent upon the phase-shift due to the chokes, the contacts 17 will be closed, thereby preventing closure of the breaker.
Patent GB-737228-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for the electrolytic production of metallic titanium
IPC: C25C3/28
Filed: 1953-07-27
Abstract: 737,228. Electrolytic production of metallic titanium. HORIZONS TITANIUM CORPORATION. July 27, 1953 [Oct. 29, 1952], No. 20793/53. Class 41. In a method of producing titanium metal from a titanium tetrahalide other than the tetrafluoride, the tetrahalide is introduced into an anhydrous molten bath composed essentially or solely of an alkali metal fluotitanate, and electrolytically decomposed without degenerative decomposition of the fluotitanate, the tetrahalide being introduced at a rate sufficient to maintain a cathode current density of between 50 and 500 amperes per square decimeter. The bath may comprise sodium or potassium fluotitanate, and may contain as diluent one or more alkali metal halides other than fluoride. Titanium tetrachloride, tetrabromide and tetraiodide may be used, preferably in the gaseous state, and preferably diluted with an inert gas carrier, such as argon or helium. The tetrahalide is preferably added closely adjacent to the anode. A cell comprising a graphite crucible, serving as anode, with a centrally positioned nickel rod as cathode, may be used, the tetrahalide being delivered through a graphite tube having its lower end plugged and its lower side walls perforated with fine holes. A graphite cylinder having small holes in its lower portion, may surround the cathode, the tube admitting tetrahalide being in the anode compartment so formed. Another cell comprises a graphite crucible and nickel cathode with one or more graphite tubes delivering tetrahalide and serving as anodes. The process may be operated at pressures of 5 to 20 pounds per square inch above atmospheric pressure.
Patent GB-1181253-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Railway Vehicle Bogies
IPC: B61F5/06
Filed: 1967-05-05
Abstract: 1,181,253. Railway vehicle undercarriages. CENTRALNE BIURO KONSTRUKCYJNE PRZEMYSLU TABORU KOLEJOWEGO PRZEDSIEBIORSTWO PANSTWOWE. 5 May, 1967 [7 May, 1966], No. 20908/67. Heading B7L. A railway vehicle bogie comprises separate side frames 4, Figs. 1 and 3, supported on axleboxes 2 through rubber mountings 3, and a bolster 5 mounted on helical springs 7 carried by spring beams 8 supported from the side frames 4 by swing hangers 9. The invention is characterized in that each end of the bolster 5 is pivotally connected to a link 13, pivoted to a spring strip link 10 in turn pivoted to the corresponding sideframe, the three pivotal axes of the links being parallel to the central longitudinal vertical plane of the bogie. The longitudinal axes of the links 10, 13 forming therebetween an angle of approximately 90 degrees when the bogie is loaded. The pivot pins of the links are formed from sections of tubes and are mounted in synthetic plastic sleeves as described with reference to Figs. 5 and 6 (not shown). The link 10 is formed in the shape of an S.
Patent GB-1014955-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the desulphurisation of gases
IPC: C01B17/60
Filed: 1963-05-24
Abstract: <PICT:1014955/C1/1> Gases containing oxides of sulphur are desulphurized by contacting them, preferably between 350 DEG  and 400 DEG  C., with an adsorbent mixed with an iron oxide.  Adsorbents specified are silica gel, aluminium oxides, clays, aluminium-magnesium oxides and activated carbon. The desulphurizing material may be formed by heating an adsorbent, previously impregnated with a solution of an iron salt, to convert the iron salt into an iron oxide.  The exhausted desulphurizing material may be regenerated by thermal treatment, preferably at about 700 DEG  C., and re-used, and the sulphur constituents thereby discharged may be collected. Any SO3 given off can be removed and dissolved to give sulphuric acid or sulphates. Fig. 1 shows the apparatus used in the desulphurizing of flue gases originating from an oilfired boiler. The boiler 1 contains the desulphurizing apparatus in its third flue 2. Flue gases pass through screening plate 4, covered with a layer of desulphurizing material 5.  Any sulphur constituents not removed at 5 react with further fresh particles of desulphurizing material passing through perforated plates 7 and 8 as the gases flow through flue 2. The desulphurizing material is recovered in oven 12 and SO3 is removed through 13 and fixed as H2SO4 or sulphates.  The regenerated desulphurizing material passes to cyclone 16, which also acts as a storage bin, wherein the particles are separated out and recycled.  A modification is described in which the oven for regenerating the desulphurizing material is not used, the heat necessary for regeneration being taken directly from the boiler.
Patent GB-1093152-A (GB)
Title: Pulse counter
Inventor: KORABLEV LEV NICKOLAVICII
IPC: H03K23/82
Filed: 1964-11-21
Abstract: 1,093,152. Electronic counters. FIZICHESKY INSTITUTE IM. LEBEDEVA. Nov. 21, 1964, No. 21000/64. Heading G4A. Odd pulses render tube 1 conducting. Even pulses are blocked from 1 by diode 16 but step a 5-stage ring counter comprising tubes 0-8, the charging of the related capacitor 22 then extinguishing tube 1. In a modification. Fig. 5, weighted tubes 1, 2, 2<SP>1</SP> conduct singly or in combination to represent values up to 4, the fifth pulse turning all on momentarily to be followed by tube 5 alone. The tenth pulse turns on tube O alone and produces a carry pulse. A scale-of-six counter, Fig. 9, operates tubes 1, 2, 3 successively then 3 in combination with 1 or 2 before all three conduct momentarily to fire tube 0 to produce a carry. The counters may be used in an electric clock.
Patent GB-947830-A (GB)
Title: Esters of fatty acids with xylite
IPC: C07C31/24
Filed: 1962-05-31
Abstract: Xylite esters of fatty acids containing 6-30 carbon atoms, said esters having at least two free hydroxyl groups per molecule, are prepared by heating 1 mole of xylite with about 0.5-1 moles of the appropriate fatty acid at 90-110 DEG C. for about 2 hours in the presence of an acidic catalyst and an atmosphere of an inert gas and in the absence of solvents. Certain mixtures of the esters are claimed per se.  Several suitable acid catalysts are specified. Preferred fatty acids are lauric, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids. Examples are given.
Patent GB-891976-A (GB)
Title: A method for the manufacture of steam-cured light-weight concrete products
IPC: B28B7/42
Filed: 1960-06-16
Abstract: Steam-hardened light-weight concrete products are manufactured by casting the concrete mass in a mould which is already located in the chamber where the steam-hardening process will subsequently take place.  During the casting and the setting of the concrete mass, the chamber usually contains an artificial atmosphere preferably steam. The pressure in the chamber may be lowered below atmospheric pressure especially when casting a concrete mass which has been foamed by blowing or whipping into it a gaseous medium.  In a particular method, a light-weight concrete mass is heated to 100 DEG C. by blowing steam into it, a foaming agent is added, the mass foamed by means of further steam injection and cast into a mould in a chamber which has been previously heated to 100 DEG C. using steam, after which the temperature in the chamber is adjusted in accordance with the increasein temperature of the setting mass until the mass is sufficiently strong to be insensible to minor variations in pressure, and then the temperature is finally increased to the hardening temperature.
Patent GB-1112812-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical or other equipment housing units or structures
Inventor: LEWER ERIC HARRY
IPC: H05K7/18
Filed: 1965-05-19
Abstract: 1,112,812. Rack mounted electrical equipment. ALFRED IMHOF Ltd. 17 Aug., 1966 [19 May, 1965], No. 21191/65. Heading H1R. [Also in Division A4]  A unit for mounting electrical equipment comprises a front panel 1, a back panel 4 and a pair of spaced oppositely disposed top and bottom panels 5, 6 provided with regularly spaced holes 7 between which intermediate panels 11 are mounted. The unit shown in Fig. 2 is removably mounted in a frame, Fig. 1 (not shown), by means of flanges 8 which co-operate with slides in the frame or by telescopic runners. The intermediate panels 11 which may be plain or perforated or may be printed or other circuit boards are held in position by support bars 12 which are tubular, one segment throughout their length being cut away to form a slot to receive the panel, Fig. 9 (not shown), and which are fastened to the panels 5, 6 by screws. Side panels 17 complete the unit and a terminal plate may be fixed to the side panels 17 or to one or both of the corner posts 9. By means of the spaced holes the intermediate panels may be positioned at different angular positions and if the intermediate panels themselves are apertured they may support further panels therebetween, Figs. 3, 4 (not shown). In the modification of Figs. 5 to 7 (not shown), the supporting bars 12 are dispensed with and the panels are provided with flanges having projections which pass into the holes 7. In the arrangement of Fig. 8 (not shown) the front panel may have secured thereto two units as described above which are spaced apart and have secured therebetween top and bottom support bars for supporting secondary rear panels and additional top, bottom and intermediate panels. The two units may also have a common back panel, Fig. 10 (not shown), in which case a single corner post is arranged at the outer corner of each unit. Additional support is provided by means of support bars fixed between the flanges 8 of the two units. Instead of the intermediate panels being mounted between the top and bottom panels they may instead be mounted between the side panels.
Patent GB-1461538-A (GB)
Title: Mould release composition
IPC: B29C33/64
Filed: 1974-05-14
Abstract: 1461538 Organopolysiloxane compositions SWS SILICONES CORP 14 May 1974 [14 May 1973] 21253/74 Heading C3T A composition comprises (i) an organopolysiloxane fluid of the general formula wherein R denotes a C 1 -C 18  monovalent hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon radical and n is greater than 20; and (ii) an aminofunctional silicon compound prepared by equilibrating a mixture of an organopolysiloxane and an aminofunctional silane or siloxane in the presence of a basic catalyst. Component (i) is preferably free of terminal hydroxyl groups, and generally has an R/Si ratio of from 1À75 to 2À25 and preferably has a viscosity of from 5-10<SP>6</SP> cSt at 25‹ C., and is preferably a polydimethylsiloxane. Component (ii) is preferably prepared from a cyclic organopolysiloxane of the general formula where w = 3-10, or a linear or branched organopolysiloxane of the average unit formula where y=0À5-2À49, z=0À001-1 and y+z= 1- 2À5, and an amino functional silane or siloxane of the formula wherein G is a radical of the formula Q denotes a radical of the formula Z is R<SP>1</SP>O 0À5 , R 3 SiO 0À5  or R<SP>1</SP> 2 NR<SP>2</SP>O 0À5 , R<SP>1</SP> is a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 18  monovalent hydrocarbon radical, R<SP>2</SP> is a saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 - C 18  divalent hydrocarbon radical, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent hydrocarbonoxy radical in which the oxygen is in the form of an ether linkage, a = 0-2; b = 0-3; x = 1-20,000. The composition may optionally comprise an organic solvent. The compositions can be used as mould releasing agents particularly between a metal mould and a cured polyurethane. In typical examples compositions are prepared comprising (i) 85 p.b.w. of a trimethylsilyl end-blocked polydimethylsiloxane (350 cSt), and (ii) 15 p.b.w. of an aminofunctional silicon compound prepared by heating either (a) a mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, # - (aminoethyl) - 8 - aminorpropyltrimethoxysilane, and potassium naphthalene as catalyst, or (b) a mixture of #-(aminoethoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane and n-butyl lithium as catalyst. The compositions are applied to the surface of a metal mould and a polyurethane foam or rigid polyurethane prepared therein.
Patent GB-359429-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in concrete slab structures
IPC: E04B2/30
Filed: 1930-07-14
Abstract: 359,429. Walls ; blocks and slabs. THOMPSON, J. W., 151, Trafalgar Street, Stanmore, near Sydney, Australia. July 14, 1930, No. 21269. Convention date, July 20, 1929. [Classes 20 (iv) and 87 (i).] Hollow walls consist of inner and outer slabs 13 tied together by ties 24, 36<1>, 40 at the connected ends of the reinforcing bars 14 which project into the bevelled joints. In Fig. 3, the bars and ties are looped and joined by pins 23; in Fig. 10, they are hooked together; and in Fig. 11, the ties have eyes engaging over the upturned ends of the bars. Fig. 12 shows the bars welded into tubes 38 through the opening 39 ; the tubes may be joined by a crossbar or tube 40 to form ties. The lower part of the wall is formed of pier blocks 27 with splayed tops, beam blocks 29 with bevelled ends, and slabs, all united by the reinforcing bars projecting into the joints and interconnected. Lintels 33 are similarly secured. The wall may comprise a moulding course of blocks 25, Fig. 4, with tongues 25a and grooves 26 to engage the slabs. The slabs may be further provided with recesses 20, Fig. 6, into which the bars project and are united by wire binding, welding, or pins and eyes.
Patent GB-1368692-A (GB)
Title: Crystallizer method and apparatus
IPC: B01D9/00
Filed: 1972-05-08
Abstract: 1368692 Crystallization PULLMAN Inc 8 May 1972 [21 May 1971] 21370/72 Heading B1G Crystallization of a solid from a liquid or slurry is effected by introducing the liquid or slurry into a crystallizer vessel the bottom of which comprises an upwardly projecting conical surface, the diameter of the base of it being at least a major part of the width of the bottom of the vessel, at or above the level of the top of the conical surface rotating the liquid or slurry around this surface, and withdrawing slurry from the lowermost part of the vessel. The crystallizer may be used in combination with a cooler, e.g. an evaporative cooler. The bottom of the cooler may also comprise an upwardly projecting conical surface. The liquid or slurry in the vicinity of the conical surface is generally stirred, preferably by a rotating rack arm. The figure shows a crystallizer 10 in combination with an evaporator cooler 16. The crystallizer contains a conical surface 12 and the cooler a similar surface 12': Shaft 40 carries rake arms 42. The liquid or slurry or reactants are introduced through conduits 26 and 28. The slurry is withdrawn from the crystallizer by conduit 14 and passes in the direction of the arrows into the evaporator 16. The evaporator operates under reduced pressure, e.g. by a suitable vacuum pump operating through 18, whereby liquid evaporates from surface 22 and the cooled slurry is returned to the crystallizer via conduit 24. The circulation of the slurry is maintained by pump 34 and the desired product slurry recovered from conduit 15. In a modification (not shown) the evaporator and crystallizer are arranged as one unit with the evaporator located vertically over the crystallizer. The process of crystallization is particularly applicable to the product of phosphoric acid by the "wet process" and also ammonium sulphate or phosphate.
Patent GB-918287-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to conveyor mechanisms
IPC: A23L3/00
Filed: 1960-06-17
Abstract: 918,287. Endless conveyers. CARVALLO, P. June 17, 1960 [June 18, 1959], No. 21388/60. Class 78 (1). Tubular baskets 3, containing fluid-tight containers such as bottles or cans, are conveyed through a treatment chamber, Fig. 3, by a chain 1, a multiplicity of baskets being filled with and emptied of containers at two or more stations simultaneously. As shown in Fig. 1, a reciprocating lever 12, pivoted about an axis 13, pushes two adjacent baskets from the chain 1 in the chamber outlet 5 on to two parallel floors 9, 10 on which the baskets 3c, 3d are located by resilient fingers 9b, 10b as they are filled with containers, having been emptied in the positions 3a, 3b. The baskets are then pushed by the following baskets on to the chain in the chamber inlet 4. The chain wheel 6 is provided with teeth 8 which engage a cam on the lever 12 to oscillate the lever in synchromizm with the chain movement. A spring 21 prevents damage if the baskets wedge and may be provided with means for stopping the chain in such circumstances. As shown, Fig. 3, the treatment chamber is provided with a steam treatment chamber 23 and cooling chambers 28, 29. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), the lever 12 is replaced by a reciprocating pusher provided with fingers spaced apart by a distance equal to the spacing of the floors 9, 10.
Patent GB-1083524-A (GB)
Title: Process for obtaining smooth surfaces on metal ingots made by chill casting
IPC: B22D15/00
Filed: 1965-05-20
Abstract: 1,083,524. Casting processes; mould linings. FARBWERKE HOECHST A.G. and EDELSTAHLWERKE BUDERUS A.G. May 20, 1965 [May 21, 1964], No. 21399/65. Heading B3F. To deposit carbon between melt and mould so that a smooth-surfaced ingot is obtained when chill casting, a granular chlorine-containing synthetic resin and/or a granular chlorinecontaining paraffin is added to the melt before or during casting or both. The added material may be polyvinyl chloride, a co-polymer of vinyl chloride, e.g. with vinyl acetate, polyvinylidene chloride, chlorinated polyolefin or mixtures of these. Polyvinyl chloride mixed with chlorinated polyethylene may be used. The material may be mixed withup to four times its weight of a fluoride flux such as fluorspar.
Patent GB-214154-A (GB)
IPC: A61B7/02
Abstract: 214,154. Walter, A. Aug. 17, 1923. Ear instruments; stethoscopes; anthropometrical appliances; sounds and probes. -The chestpiece of a binaural stethoscope is constructed to serve as a percussion hammer, means being provided for the attachment of a handle. The stethoscope, as shown in Fig. 1, comprises a chest-piece e having readily-detachable tubes d<1> connected to ear-tubes d. The spring a is formed in two parts pivoted at a<1> to facilitate folding. The chest-piece, as shown in Fig. 6, comprises a circular metal body recessed on one side and having a diaphragm e<1> held in position over the recessed portion, and conical perforations leading from the recessed portion to the tubes d<1>. An indiarubber ring e<3> is retained in a peripheral groove on the chest-piece, and means are provided at g for the reception of a rod g<1> forming part of the handle h. The rod g<1> has a collar j and a screwed portion j<1> which may engage an internal thread in the handle h, or may extend beyond the handle h at its other end, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. In this way the length of the handle may be varied. The hammer with the handle in its extended position is for use in testing reflex actions. The outer end of the rod g<1> may be sharpened to act as a probe.
Patent GB-663720-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a method for the selective elimination of water vapour from gaseous mixtures
IPC: B01D53/26
Filed: 1947-08-06
Abstract: Water vapour is separated from the other constituents of a gaseous mixture by enclosing the mixture in a vessel having a wall comprising a non-porous membrane which will form, in the presence of water, a hydrated compound, and establishing a lower partial pressure of water vapour on the outside of the membrane.  Suitable membranes may be formed of regenerated cellulose, gelatine and its derivatives, silica gel or vinylic lacquers.  The method may be applied to concentrating liquids, e.g. wine, milk, coffee, broths, fruit juices and perfumes, and also to desiccating fruits and vegetables, and may be effected in an inert atmosphere to prevent oxidation, or under a partial vacuum to prevent carbonization when the liquid is heated.  The process may be continuous and the membrane may be strengthened by a porous support.  Azeotropic and heteroazeotropic mixtures may also be resolved, and ether, hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid concentrated. The liquid to be concentrated may be agitated and the atmosphere outside the membrane may be agitated, heated by infra red rays or subjected to vacuum treatment.
Patent GB-1512297-A (GB)
Title: Silencers
IPC: F01N1/12
Filed: 1976-05-24
Abstract: 1512297 Absorption silencers SCOVILL MFG CO 24 May 1976 [10 Sept 1975] 21488/76 Heading F1B Helically arranged ridges 38, having slots 40 in part of their length, formed on a central tubular member 36 immobilize the metal wool packing and ensures even distribution of gas to be silenced in the packing. Wire fitting 42 retains and urges tube 36 against end-wall 16. The packing may be brass or bronze. Reinforcing ribs 28, Fig.1, are situated between the outlet slots 26 on the silencer casing 14.