Patent GB-412957-A (GB)
Title: Carburettors for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M1/08
Filed: 1932-11-05
Abstract: 412,957. Spray carburetters. CARTER CARBURETOR CORPORATION, 2838, North Spring Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Nov. 5, 1932, No. 31300. Convention date, Nov. 6, 1931. [Class 7 (iii).] The air-choke valve of a carburetter is operated by a pressure or suction actuated mechanism, the movement of which is controlled by a heat-responsive device so that the opening of the valve is initiated as soon as the engine starts to run under its own power, and the valve is progressively opened as the temperature of the engine increases, and becomes fully open at normal engine temperatures. In the construction shown in Figs. 3, 5, and 6, liquid fuel is supplied by a pump to the float chamber of a down-draught carburetter, and is delivered through a metering orifice 37, which is controlled by a stepped needle valve 51 operated from the throttle valve 22 through links 52, 53, and through passages 38, 40 to the main nozzle 41, which discharges into the mixing chamber 23 through the smallest of a series of Venturi tubes 31, 32, 33. During slow running, fuel passes from the passage 40 through passages 45, 43 to one or more ports 44 adjacent the edge of the throttle valve 22, air being admitted to the passage 43 through a port 48 controlled by a valve 50. Additional fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber through a nozzle 60, when the throttle opens, by a pump plunger 55 operated by the throttle valve. Fuel is also supplied by the pump through an orifice 65 in a check valve 64 to a cylinder 61, and acts on a spring-pressed piston 67, which is connected by a link 72 to one end of an arm 73 on the shaft 34 of a choke valve 27, the other end of the arm 73 carrying rollers 84. The movements of the choke valve are controlled by a bimetallic coil 80 which moves a link 82 connected to an arm 83 having cam surfaces 76, 77 that contact with the rollers 84. When the engine is stopped and the temperature is low, the coil 80 contracts and raises the cam 77, permitting a spring 68 to move the piston 67 downwards to close the choke valve. When the engine fires, a relief valve 28 in the choke valve 27 opens to admit a little air, and the bigger pressure produced by the fuel pump raises the piston 67 and opens the choke valve until the roller 84 contacts with the cam 76. As the temperature of the coil 80 increases, the cam 76 is lowered and the pressure of the fuel on the piston 67 opens the choke valve 27. When the engine stops, the spring moves the piston 67 downwardly, and brings the roller 84 into contact with the cam 77, partly closing the choke valve 27, and as the coil 80 cools, the cam 77 is gradually withdrawn from the roller 84 to allow the choke valve to close. In modified constructions, (1) the piston 67 is replaced by a diaphragm, and (2) the piston is operated by the suction developed in the intake manifold. In the construction shown in Fig. 8, a primary mixture is formed by the admission of air through a port 116 in the base of a stand-pipe 115, and a sliding choke valve 144 controls the main air supply as it enters a Venturi tube 104. The valve is operated by a yoke 145, on a shaft 146, either by the mechanism previously described, or through arms 156, 154 by a spring- pressed diaphragm 152 enclosed in a casing, the upper part 150 of which is exposed to the suction at the outlet 130 of the carburetter through a conduit 157, whilst the lower part 151 is connected by a conduit 162 to a chamber 161 mounted on the exhaust pipe 3, and containing a volatile liquid such as ether. During cold weather, at starting, the valve 144 completely closes the annular space 147, but as soon as the engine fires, the suction above the throttle valve 108 raises the diaphragm 152 to open the valve 144 slightly. As the temperature of the engine rises, the ether vaporizes and the pressure exerted in the chamber 161 opens the valve fully. Accelerating holes 122 feed the nozzle 121 with fuel from a well 119, where it is mixed with air which enters through passages 118. During slow running, fuel is drawn through passages 125, 126, together with air which enters at 128, into a tube 128<1> to the slow-running nozzle which discharges at the edge of the valve 108. The fuel enters the well 119 from a space 124, between the bottom of the nozzle and a nut 113 which secures the float chamber 112 to the carburetter body 101. A thin flexible bimetallic strip 142, which is supported by a bracket mounted between plugs 132, 135, controls the fuel passing to the space 124 through a bore 137, whilst a larger bore 138 is uncontrolled. As the temperature rises, the strip bends and closes the bore 137, to reduce the quantity of fuel supplied. A rich mixture when running at high speeds when the temperature is low is avoided, since the suction transmitted through the slow-running nozzle 129 will bend the strip 142 and close the bore 137. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 also states that a bimetallic strip shortens the stroke of the pump plunger as the temperature rises. It also describes a manual, instead of an automatic, control of the choke valve 144, and two modifications of the plug arrangements 132, 135. As shown in Fig. 16 (Cancelled), a plug 170 provided with a bellshaped opening 176 is screwed into the standpipe and supports a bracket 173, which carries the suction and thermally actuated bimetallic strip 175 having a ball-and-socket joint carrying a head with a small bore 171. The strip reduces the fuel supply by substituting for the fuel passage 176 the bore 171. In the second modification, a single plug replaces the plugs 132, 135, and the strip 142 has a small orifice to allow fuel to enter the plug when the strip is closed by suction or heat. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.