baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20060117980-A (KR)
Title: Method for controlling sheeting in gas phase reactors
Inventor: HAGERTY ROBERT O
IPC: H01H50/54
Filed: 2004-12-15
Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to measuring and controlling static in a gas phase reactor polymerization. In particular, embodiments relate to monitoring carryover static in an entrainment zone during gas phase polymerization to determine the onset of reactor discontinuity events such as chunking and sheeting. Embodiments also relate to monitoring carryover static to determine the need for effective additions of continuity additives that minimize reactor static activity and thereby preventing discontinuity events.
Patent KR-20070004564-A (KR)
Title: Active energy ray-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition, light-transmitting component, and method for manufacturing the light-transmitting component
Inventor: WATANABE TOSHINORI
IPC: G02B6/13
Filed: 2004-12-10
Abstract: The present invention relates to an active energy ray-curable organopolysiloxane resin composition that comprises an organopolysiloxane resin having an epoxy group and an aromatic hydrocarbon group and a photopolymerization initiator, as well as to a light-transmitting component that comprises cured bodies produced by irradiating the aforementioned organopolysiloxane resin with active-energy rays in the presence of the aforementioned photopolymerization initiator, and to a method for manufacturing the aforementioned light-transmitting component. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Patent KR-20070009985-A (KR)
Title: Lubricating oil composition for sizing pressing
Inventor: KANEKO MASATO
IPC: B22F1/10
Filed: 2005-03-30
Abstract: A lubricating oil composition for sizing pressing which is excellent in suitability for processing and anticorrosive properties. The lubricating oil composition for sizing pressing comprises (A) a lube base oil having a dynamic viscosity at 40C of 0.5-150 mm2/s and (B) 5-80 mass% highly basic calcium sulfonate serving as both an extreme- pressure additive and an anticorrosive and optionally further contains (C) 0.5-30 mass% neutral barium sulfonate and/or polyhydric alcohol/fatty acid ester as an anticorrosive, (D) 0.005-10 mass% benzotriazole compound and/or thiadiazole compound as a metal deactivator, and (E) 0.05-10 mass% antioxidant, each ingredient amount being based on the whole composition. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Patent KR-20070006727-A (KR)
Title: Electrophoretic display panel
Inventor: JOHNSON MARK T
IPC: G09G3/34
Filed: 2005-01-25
Abstract: An electrophoretic display panel (1), comprises a plurality of picture elements (2); and drive means (100), for providing overreset pulses prior to application of grey scale pulses. The display panel comprises two or more interspersed groups of display elements. Each group is supplied with its own scheme (I, II) of overreset potential differences, the application schemes for overreset potential differences differs from group to group in such manner that the time at which an overreset condition is maintained differs between said groups for at least some transitions. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Patent KR-20060130162-A (KR)
Title: Directly compressible pharmaceutical composition for the oral admimistration of cci-779
Inventor: ASHRAF MUHAMMAD
IPC: A61K31/4745
Filed: 2004-12-14
Abstract: Micronized CCI-779 is described. This directly compressible rapamycin 42-ester with 3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropionic acid provides a convenient and effective method to deliver therapeutic levels of CCI- 779 to a patient.
Patent KR-20070024481-A (KR)
Title: Process for production of cyclic carbonates
Inventor: TAKAHASHI TOSHIKAZU
IPC: B01J23/04
Filed: 2005-03-01
Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of cyclic carbonates which is applicable to various fields including organic solvents, finishing agents for synthetic fibers, raw materials of drugs, solvents for the electrolytic solution for lithium batteries, and intermediates for the synthesis of alkylene glycols or dialkyl carbonates and advantageous in respect of the service life of a catalyst or the equipment. A process for the production of cyclic carbonates which comprises the step of reacting an epoxide with carbon dioxide, wherein the reaction is conducted in the presence of both at least one element selected from the group consisting of alkali metal elements and alkaline earth metal elements and a metal oxide; and cyclic carbonates obtained by the process which have halogen concentrations of 1ppm or below. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Patent KR-20070017339-A (KR)
IPC: G11C29/00
Filed: 2005-03-23
Abstract: 본 발명은 반도체 메모리에서의 지연 장애를 검출하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다.  예시적인 실시예(100)에서, 어드레스 비트들과 데이터 비트들은 반도체 메모리를 검사하기에 적합한 검사 패턴에 따라서 발생(110)된다.  어드레스 비트들과 데이터 비트들은 검증(120)된 후, 반도체 메모리의 입력 포트들(130)에 제공된다.  이후 어드레스 비트 및 데이터 비트의 제공과 메모리 동작의 시작 사이의 시간 간격이 거의 반도체 메모리의 동작 클록 사이클과 동일해지도록 메모리 동작(140, 150, 160, 170)이 시작된다.  이러한 타이밍은 어드레스 디코더와 판독/기록 회로 모두가 시간에 적절하게 강제되어, 작은 지연 장애의 검출을 가능하게 한다.
Patent KR-20070015164-A (KR)
Title: External palladium plating structure of semiconductor component and semiconductor device manufacturing method
Inventor: SEKI KAZUMITSU
IPC: C25D21/12
Filed: 2005-05-16
Abstract: In an external plating structure of a semiconductor package, a Pd or Pd alloy film is used as a material replacing the conventional solder plating as a soldering metal. The highly reliable semiconductor component external plating structure is provided without causing problems, such as short-circuiting, due to whiskers, etc. between terminals. In the external plating structure, on the surfaces of the external connecting terminals (10, 12) of the semiconductor component using copper or copper alloy material, Pd or Pd alloy (26) is used, replacing the conventional solder plating as a soldering metal. In the case of forming a plating film having a thickness of 0.3mum or less, plating is performed between the material and the plated Pd or Pd alloy layer, without having a base layer or an intermediate metal layer in between. On the plating film, depending on a case, an Au or Au alloy plating (28) having a thickness of 0.1mum or less is further formed. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Patent KR-20060133068-A (KR)
Title: Epithelial cell growth promoter
Inventor: OKA SYUICHI
IPC: C07K5/08
Filed: 2005-03-28
Abstract: It is intended to provide a novel oligopeptide which can be relatively easily produced, has not only a hair growth-stimulating effect but also an effect of promoting the growth of epithelial cells (for example, skin regeneration) and can easily pass through the horny layer to thereby reach the desired target cells in which its effects are to be exerted. Namely, water-soluble oligopeptides containing a prolyl isoleucyl glycyl unit or an isoleucyl glycyl serine unit and having from 3 to 7 amino acids and water-soluble salts thereof.
Patent KR-20070005716-A (KR)
Title: Silicon on insulator read-write non-volatile memory comprising lateral thyristor and trapping layer
Inventor: BHATTACHARYYA ARUP
IPC: H01L29/768
Filed: 2005-04-28
Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved thyristor-based memory cell. In one embodiment, the cell is formed in a floating substrate using Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology. The cell preferably incorporates a lateral thyristor formed entirely in the floating substrate, and which is gated by a second word line. The cathode of the thyristor also comprises a source of an access transistor, whose drain is connected to the bit line of the device, and which is gated by a first word line. A trapping layer is built into the floating substrate, and when writing to the cell, pulses are added to cause holes to be trapped on the trapping layer for a logic state '1' and to cause electrons to be trapped on the trapping layer for a logic state '0'. Trapping of charges on the trapping layer adds extra margin to the stored data states, prevents their degradation, and renders the cell non-volatile. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Patent KR-20070011476-A (KR)
Title: Group iii-nitride semiconductor crystal and manufacturing method thereof, and group iii-nitride semiconductor device
Inventor: SASAKI TAKATOMO
IPC: H01S5/323
Filed: 2005-03-30
Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a group III nitride semiconductor crystal wherein an alloy (11) containing at least a group III metal element and an alkali metal element is put in a reaction container (1) and a nitrogen-containing substance (14) is introduced into the reaction container (1), so that the nitrogen- containing substance (14) is dissolved in an alloy melt (13) of the molten alloy (11) and there is grown a group III nitride semiconductor crystal (15). By this method, there can be efficiently obtained a group III nitride semiconductor crystal (15) having a low light absorption coefficient. Also disclosed is a group III nitride semiconductor device having a high luminous intensity. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Patent KR-20070050872-A (KR)
Inventor: HEREDIA RAFAEL
IPC: H04H20/00
Filed: 2005-05-05
Abstract: 인스턴트 메시징 터미널은 다수의 인스턴트 메시징 서비스를 통해 다수의 대화 세션을 관리한다.  터미널은 대화 세션 윈도우를 위한 디스플레이, 데이터 입력 장치, 무선 네트워크 통신을 위한 통신 모듈, 및 네트워크 액세스를 조정하고 대화 세션 관리를 제어하기 위한 제어 모듈을 포함한다.  데이터 입력 장치는 이모티콘을 위한 프로그래머블 키를 포함하며, 제어 모듈은 메시지 수신자에 의해 이용되고 있는 서비스와 양립 가능한 그래픽 심볼의 생성을 위한 키 시퀀스의 생성을 자동화한다.   
       
     인스턴트 메시징 터미널, 이모티콘, 그래픽 심볼, 프로그래머블 키
Patent KR-20070022114-A (KR)
IPC: G02B3/14
Filed: 2005-05-27
Abstract: 제 1 유체(14) 및 제 2 유체(16)를 함유한 유체 챔버(12)를 구비한 가변 포커스 렌즈(10)가 개시되어 있다. 상기 유체는, 혼화 불가능하고 메니스커스(18) 상에 접촉하고 있고 제 2 유체는 자계의 영향에 따라 그 형상을 변경할 수 있다. 제 2 유체는 액체자석인 것이 바람직하다. 그 유체의 이동을 최대화하는 자속을 유도할 수 있도록 상기 유체 챔버의 적어도 일 부분 상에 경사 자계(24)를 인가하기 위한 수단(20,22)이 설치되어, 상기 자계에 따라 메니스커스의 형상을 변화시킨다. 
       
     가변 포커스 렌즈, 유체 챔버, 액체 자석, 경사 자계.
Patent KR-20070038049-A (KR)
Inventor: HIROSE MASAYUKI
IPC: H01B12/00
Filed: 2005-07-12
Abstract: 액체 수소(1)가 수송되는 유체용 단열관(2)과, 이 유체용 단열관(2) 내에 수납되는 초전도 케이블(2)과, 액체 수소(1)와 케이블(10)의 냉매 사이에서 열교환을 하는 열교환 수단을 구비하는 초전도 케이블 선로이다.  초전도 케이블(1)은, 케이블용 단열관 내에 케이블 코아를 구비하여, 유체용 단열관(2)에 수납됨으로써, 케이블(1)의 외주가 저온 환경으로 되고, 또한, 단열관(2)과의 이중의 단열 구조로 된다.  따라서, 본 발명의 선로는 초전도 케이블(10)로의 칩임열이 저감되고, 또한, 액체 수소(1)에 의해 냉매가 냉각되기 때문에, 냉매를 냉각하는 에너지를 저감할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20070081086-A (KR)
Title: Bear back n' neck pillo
Inventor: MOON SANG HYUN
IPC: A47G9/10
Filed: 2007-01-16
Abstract: A bear back and neck pillow is provided to strengthen user's backbone and nervous tissues by relaxing user's muscles and joints of user's bones using a back acupressure portion. A bear back and neck pillow includes a head support(110) for supporting a back of a user's head and having a desired curvature, a neck acupressure portion(120) for relaxing a user's neck by extending a crooked cervical vertebral and pressing the user's neck, a shoulder support(130) for supporting user's shoulders and having a desired curvature, a back acupressure portion(140) for supporting user's thoracic vertebrae by relaxing the joint of user's bones, and an auxiliary portion(150) for maintaining a stable posture by supporting user's waist vertebra and having a desired curvature.
Patent KR-20070015971-A (KR)
IPC: H04N7/18
Filed: 2007-01-17
Abstract: 본 발명은 폐쇄회로티브이(CCTV) 시스템에서 직렬로 연결된 비디오 카메라들에 공급되는 영상 및 전원배선 제조방법에 관한 것이다 
         본 발명은 기존 CCTV의 카메라 배선은 최소  영상신호 선로 2개와 전원 선로 2개를 사용하여 제조를 함으로 인하여 원가상승의 요인이 되었고, CCTV 설치시 불필요한 선을 제거하거나 공통 선과 결합하기 위해 병행하는 작업으로 인한 작업 손실이 매우 크다. 
         본 발명은 CCTV 카메라의 영상 및 전원 공급 배선에 있어서, 영상신호를 감싸고 있는 실드선을 공통으로 하여(공동선) 카메라전원(직류)의 마이너스(-)를 공통으로 사용하도록 제조하고, 실드선 포함 3가닥 선으로 CCTV 카메라의 영상과 전원을 동시에 공급하는 CCTV 카메라의 영상 및 전원선 제조방법에 관한 것으로 제조원가 절감 및 CCTV 설치 작업시간을 단축할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20090000174-A (KR)
Title: Automobile safe driving system and method using rfid
Inventor: LEE SUK JOO
IPC: G06K17/00
Filed: 2007-01-23
Abstract: A system and a method for the safe driving of a vehicle using RFID are provided to exchange information with vehicles outside of each communications region, thereby reliably providing a variety of information necessary to the safe driving. An RFID tag(1) stores the instinct identification number of a vehicle, the information of an ambient vehicle, and the information of GPS(Global Positioning System) reception coordinate. An antenna transmitter(2) sends the information stored in the RFID tag. A RFID reader receiver(3) reads the information stored in the RFID tag. A controller(4) processes the information of the RFID reader receiver and the RFID tag. A display unit(5) displays the process information of the controller. A receiver(6) receives the location coordinate of the vehicle.
Patent KR-20080069434-A (KR)
Title: Door unit for opening/closing in dual directions and refrigerator including the same
Inventor: CHOI YONG KEUN
IPC: F25D23/02
Filed: 2007-01-23
Abstract: A door unit and a refrigerator having the same are provided to improve durability of a door by movably installing an interlocking member at an upper part of a fixed plate and separating the interlocking from a latch. A door unit placed at one part of a body comprises a door unit and an opening/closing unit(40). The opening/closing unit, formed at one part of the door unit, has a pair of opening/closing parts(100), and an interlocking unit(60). The opening/closing part is detachably installed at the hinge unit(22) of the body. The interlocking unit is interlocked to any one of motion of the opening/closing part, and constraints the other motion.
Patent KR-20070078819-A (KR)
Title: Face importance level determining apparatus and method, and image pickup apparatus
Inventor: XIAO RUIHUA
IPC: G06T7/40
Filed: 2007-01-30
Abstract: A face importance judgment device, a method therefor, and an image pickup device are provided to judge the importance of high precision in consideration of a size and a position of a face by operating the last importance of the face on the basis of the first importance factor based on size information of the face detected from an input image signal and the second importance factor based on position information of the face detected from the input image signal. A face detecting unit(25) acquires size information and position information of a face detected from an input image signal. A microcomputer(15) operates the first importance factor on the basis of the size information. The microcomputer(15) operates the second importance factor on the basis of the position information. The microcomputer(15) operates importance on the basis of the first and the second importance factors.
Patent KR-20080071438-A (KR)
Title: Day division apparatus and method of mobile terminal
Inventor: RA SANG JOON
IPC: H04B1/40
Filed: 2007-01-30
Abstract: A date classification apparatus in a portable terminal and a method thereof are provided to shorten a time for searching for a list stored in the memory of a portable terminal by classifying stored lists according to dates. A date classification apparatus in a portable terminal comprises a transceiver part(110), a camera(120), a keypad(130), a memory(140), a display part(150), and a control part(160). The transceiver part transmits and receives signals. The camera photographs images. The keypad is provided to input memos. The memory stores a list of signals transmitted and received through the transceiver part, a list of images photographed through the camera, and a list of memos inputted through the keypad. The display part displays the lists stored in the memory. The control part classifies the stored lists according to dates and displays the classified lists through the display part.
Patent KR-20080075591-A (KR)
Title: 순환 행렬을 이용한 리차드슨 엘디피씨 부호화 알고리즘기반의 고속 부호화 방법
Inventor: YOO HYUN SEUK
IPC: H03M13/11
Filed: 2007-02-13
Abstract: LDPC 코드에서 문제가 될 수 있는 부분 중에 하나는 부호화  복잡도로써 많이 논의되어왔다. 보통 블록 코드에서의 부호화는 패리티 검사 행렬을 가우시안 소거법에 의하여 생성 행렬을 만들었으나, 리차드슨(T.J.Richardson)은 하삼각 구조의 패리티 검사 행렬로부터 저밀도 행렬의 연산을 통해 패리티 검사 비트를 생성하였다. 이런 블록 엘디피씨 부호의 저밀도 연산을 통한 부호화 방법을 더 빠르게 할 수 있는 방법을 고안한다. 리차드슨이 설계한 효율적인 부호화 방법을 바탕으로 복잡도를 더 낮추는 방법을 유한장 기반 순환 행렬의 특성을 바탕으로 찾는다. 특히 순환 행렬을 바탕으로 부호화 과정에서 겪게 되는 역행렬 연산을 최대한 줄이는 방법을 택한다. 그 결과 부호화 복잡도를  에서  으로 줄일 수 있게 된다. 
       
     고속 엘디피씨 부호화, 배열 구조 엘디피씨, 부호화 복잡도, 순환 행렬, 역행렬, 효율적 부호화 방법, 유사 하삼각 구조, 파이프라인 구조
Patent KR-20080077751-A (KR)
Title: A dewatering and drying machine for recycling the waste vinyl resin
Inventor: CHOI HONG CHUL
IPC: B29B17/00
Filed: 2007-02-21
Abstract: A dewatering and drying device for recycling waste vinyl is provided to dry the waste vinyl while minimizing power, by drying the waste vinyl by heat generated by using friction force of the waste vinyl and the wind generated by a rotary blade and naturally draining moisture through a mesh drum. In a dewatering and drying device for recycling waste vinyl, a mesh drum(6) is rotatably fixed in a frame(9), formed in the shape of an empty cylinder, rotated by a motor(12), and provided with plural holes bored through the outer peripheral surface and screw-shaped projections formed on the inner surface in a direction of transferring the waste vinyl from an input hopper(1) to a discharge port(11). A rotary rod(13) comprises a rotary blade(4) turned together with the mesh drum to transfer the waste vinyl to the rear side and a discharge blade(5). The rotary blade has an input screw(2) protruded on a part projected from the mesh drum, in a screw form and turned to pour the waste vinyl into the mesh drum according to the rotational direction, and plural crossing blades installed at a part included in the mesh drum at the rear side of the input screw. The discharge blade is horizontally formed at a part protruded from the mesh drum to discharge the waste vinyl through a discharge port. The rotary rod is installed in the mesh drum to penetrate through the mesh drum and turned by a motor(10). The input hopper is mounted on the upper part of the mesh drum to pour the waste vinyl transferred to the mesh drum, into the mesh drum. A water tank(14) is formed at the lower part of the mesh drum to collect the moisture and foreign materials separated from the waste vinyl, in one spot. The discharge port is formed on the other side of the lower part of the mesh drum to discharge the waste vinyl dried and dewatered by the mesh drum and the rotary rod, to a conveyor belt.
Patent KR-20070032770-A (KR)
Title: 자동차 평균속도 측정속도조절 시스템
IPC: B60K28/10
Filed: 2007-02-28
Abstract: 평균과속방지시스템 
     구간속도,GPS,네비게이션,측정,과속,방지,
Patent KR-20080082329-A (KR)
Inventor: KWON OH KOANG
IPC: B60R21/201
Filed: 2007-03-08
Abstract: An air bag device is provided to inflate an air bag cushion rapidly, and to preclude gas pressure from affecting an occupant after completing the inflation of the air bag cushion by closing a vent hole during the inflation of the cushion and opening the vent hole after the cushion is completely inflated. An air bag device comprises an inflator, an airbag cushion(120), a tether(130), tear lines(131), and combined parts(140). The inflator generates high pressure gas at the time of a vehicle collision. The tether is installed in the airbag cushion to keep the airbag cushion inflated. The tear lines are formed around the airbag cushion to form a vent hole through which the high pressure gas passes. The combined parts are formed by combining one side of the airbag cushion with one side of the tether to tear the tear lines and sealed by sealing the airbag cushion and the tether.
Patent KR-20080082718-A (KR)
Title: Color filter substrate and method of fabricating the same
Inventor: LEE SANG IL
IPC: G02F1/13363
Filed: 2007-03-09
Abstract: A color filter substrate and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to simplify the process of work by implementing spacers according to superposition of at least two color filters. A color filter substrate includes a black matrix(120), color filters(130R,130G,130B), and spacers(140). The black matrix comparts cell regions on a substrate(110). The color filters are formed on the cell regions by the black matrix. The spacers overlapped with the black matrix maintain cell gaps. The spacers are formed by overlapping at least two color filters. The color filter substrate further includes an over coating layer formed on the color filter and an alignment layer formed on the over coating layer.
Patent KR-20070093855-A (KR)
Title: Catalytic composition for fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon and method for producing the same
Inventor: WATABE MITSUNORI
IPC: B01J27/14
Filed: 2007-03-13
Abstract: A catalytic composition for fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon and a method for preparing the same are provided to increase octane number of gasoline and lower olefins even while the catalytic composition contains a low content of pentasil-type zeolite. A catalytic composition for fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon comprises micro-particles each consisting of P2O5 of 5-20 wt%, pentasil-type zeolite of 10-50 wt%, porous inorganic oxide of 30-85 wt%. A content of P2O5 formed on a surface of the micro-particle is more than 1.5 times of a content of P2O5 formed in the center portion of the micro-particle. The micro-particles are obtained by mixing P2O5, pentasil-type zeolite, and porous inorganic oxide to prepare sludge, and spraying and drying the sludge.
Patent KR-20070107585-A (KR)
Title: Slider for preventing excessive pole tip protrusion, head gimbal assembly, and method of operating hard disk drive
Inventor: LEE SUNG CHANG
IPC: G11B5/60
Filed: 2007-04-26
Abstract: A slider for preventing a pole tip from being projected excessively, a head gimbal assembly, and a method for operating a hard disc drive are provided to prohibit the pole tip from being projected excessively due to overheat of a deformation area by decreasing temperature of the deformation area by a heat transfer plate and a heat sink and by keeping a part of the expanded deformation area by an expansion chamber. A slider(90) for preventing a pole tip from being projected excessively comprises a deformation area(97), a heating element(95,95P), and an expansion chamber(93). The deformation area includes a read/write head to access data of a surface for a disc(12). The heating element is installed inside the deformation area to change a vertical position(Vp) of the read/write head for the surface of the disc by expanding the deformation area by increasing temperature of the deformation area. The expansion chamber is positioned inside the deformation area to keep a part of the expanded deformation area and to limit a projection of the pole tip. A head gimbal assembly includes a flexure finger and a micro actuator assembly. The flexure finger is combined with the slider. The micro actuator assembly is connected with the slider and the flexure finger to position the read/write head to access the data of the surface for the disc. A method for operating a hard disc drive includes a step of changing the vertical position of the read/write head for the surface of the disc by expanding the deformation area by increasing the temperature of the deformation area by giving a vertical control signal to the heating element; and a step of limiting the projection of the pole tip by keeping the part of the expanded deformation area by the expansion chamber when expanding the deformation area to an inside of the expansion chamber.
Patent KR-20080100078-A (KR)
Title: Bias circuit for quick start up
Inventor: LEE DUK MIN
IPC: G11C11/4074
Filed: 2007-05-11
Abstract: A high speed operation of the bias generating circuit is provided to shorten the operation time of bias voltage outputted to each bias voltage terminal when a bias generating circuit is started up. In a bias generating circuit, a first current path or the sixth current path are connected between the power supply voltage and reference voltage(I1-I6). A first gate line(G1) controls the first current path or the third current path and is connected to the first current path. A second gate line(G2) which is connected to the second current path controls the first current path, the second current path, and fourth current path. A third gate line(G3) controls the fourth current path and the fifth current path while being connected to the fourth current path, outputs the first bias voltage(Vb1) corresponding to the current flowing in the fourth current path. A coupling capacitor(C1) couples the third gate line to the first gate line. A first transient capacitor(C2) is connected between the power supply voltage and the first gate line.