baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-525890-A (GB)
Title: Method of operating an internal combustion engine
IPC: C10L1/18
Filed: 1939-03-02
Abstract: 525,890. Motor fuel. DEHN, F. B., and LEO CORPORATION. (Leo Corporation). March 2, 1939, No. 6869. Addition to 502,171. [Class 91] Diesel or other motor fuel is improved by adding less than 0.085 per cent. of a #-diketoneof selenium, cadmium, tellurium, thallium, tin, barium, caesium, didymium, lanthanum, potassium, sodium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, or zinc. Two or more diketones may be used, they may contain halogen atoms as substituents, and a volatile organic compound of lead may be present. It is stated that catalyticdeposits are formed on the surfaces of the combustion chamber, permitting the engine to be run advantageously on plain motor fuel until such deposits disappear ; or the advantages may be obtained without break by forming the deposits and then using fuel containing only 0.01 per cent. of #-diketone derivative. Fuels specified are gasoline, benzene, kerosene, fuel oils, alcohols, and mixtures thereof. #-diketones specified are formyl-acetyl, and propionyl-acetonates, and their homologues. Other additions include tin tetrapropyl, cadmium tetra-amyl, zinc diamyl, boron triamyl, diphenyl-diselenide, antimony propionyl acetonate, and potassium or sodium naphthenate. One suitable dope for petrol is tin tetra-propyl 0.5gm., diphenyl-diselenide 0.47 gm., didymium propionyl-acetonate 0.01 gm., tungsten propionyl-acetonate 0.01 gm., and potassium naphthenate 0.01 gm.; and one for a diesel fuel is boron triamyl 0.20 gm., tin tetra-propyl 0.04 gm., and propionylacetonates of tantalum, lanthanum, and antimony respectively 0.30, 0.40, and 0.06 gm. Specification 287,192, [Class 91], is referred to.
Patent GB-858055-A (GB)
Title: New omega cyano thiaalkyl esters of acrylic acids and their polymerisation products
IPC: C08F28/00
Filed: 1957-03-01
Abstract: The invention comprises rubbery homopolymers and copolymers of O -cyano thiaalkyl esters of acrylic and a -substituted acrylic acids wherein the two alkylene groups present contain a total of 3-13 carbon atoms and the sulphur atom is at least two carbon atoms removed from the acrylyloxy group and at least one carbon atom removed from the nitrile group.  Copolymers specified are those of the above esters with copolymerizable olefinic monomers such as vinyl chloride, acrylic acid and alkyl acrylates. Polymerization may be effected in bulk, solution or emulsion. Polymerization initiators, stabilizers and modifiers such as mercaptans and reducing agents may be used.  Specified monomers are the acrylic esters of 4-cyano-3-thiabutanol, 6-cyano-3 and 4-thia hexanols, 5-cyano-3-thia pentanol and 8-cyano 7-thia octanol.  The a -halo acrylates and methacrylates are also referred to.  Homo polymerization of the monomers is suitably effected by mixing the monomer and water with a mixture of dodecylamine hydrochloride, cumene hydroperoxide and triethylene tetramine or of sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium persulphate and sodium meta bisulphite.  The second method is also used to form a copolymer of 5-cyano-3-thia pentyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate. The polymers may be cured with the aid of a mixture of carbon black, stearic acid, MgO and PbO2.ALSO:The invention relates to o -cyanothialkyl esters of acrylic or an a -substituted acrylic acid, wherein the sulphur atom is at least two carbon atoms removed from the acryloxy group and at least one carbon atom removed from the nitrile group.  Methacrylic and a -halo-acrylic acids are specified a -substituted acids.  The esters may be prepared by reacting an appropriate o -cyanothia alkanol with an acrylyl or a -substituted acrylyl compound containing a terminal alkoxy-replaceable group, under ester-forming conditions.  Thus, the alkanol may be reacted with an acrylyl halide in the presence of an acid acceptor such as triethylamine, pyridine or sodium carbonate, or with acrylic acid in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst, or with a low-molecular weight alkyl ester of acrylic acid, if desired in the presence of an ester-interchange catalyst.  The esters have germicidal and insecticidal properties and those containing a total of 3-13 carbon atoms in the two alkylene groups present may be converted into polymers (see Group IV(a)).  The esters may be stabilised by means of hydro-quinone or p-tertiary-butyl catechol. Examples describe the preparation of the acrylic esters of 4-cyano-3-thia butanol, 6-cyano-3-thia-hexanol, 5-cyano-3-thia pentanol, 6-cyano-4-thia-hexanol and 8-cyano-7-thia octanol by reaction of the alkanols with acrylyl chloride, the esters being purified by vacuum distillation or treatment with an activated alumina.  The omega-cyano thiaalkanols used as starting materials are prepared by reacting o -chloro-alkane nitriles with the sodio-derivatives of o -mercapto alkanols in a common solvent.
Patent GB-874135-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tobacco
IPC: A24B15/12
Filed: 1959-02-27
Abstract: A tobacco smoking material is formed from finely-ground tobacco mixed with an adhesive and a dialdehyde polysaccharide.  Adhesives mentioned are methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose, gum karaya or tragacanth, starches, polyuronides, pectins, algins, galactomannans such as guar and locust bean gum, and dextrans. The dialdehydes are preferably formed by oxidation of the polysaccharides with periodic acid; examples of polysaccharides given are cellulose, starch, dextran and galactomannans.  The adhesive is mixed with a humectant such as glycerine and with the dialdehyde substance and to the mixture is added finely-ground tobacco powder, e.g. powder passing through a 200-mesh sieve.  The slurry is applied to an endless band in a thin layer which is dried, remoistened, and stripped off into a coiled sheet which can subsequently be used as a shredded filler or as a wrapper or binder.
Patent GB-548337-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in photo-sensitive electrodes
IPC: H01J29/43
Filed: 1941-05-30
Abstract: 548,337. Photo-sensitive electrodes. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO., Ltd. May 30, 1941, No. 6969. Convention date, June 1, 1940. [Class 39 (i)] In a photo-sensitive electrode including a rigid transparent insulating sheet having deposited on one side a photo-sensitive mosaic and on the other a transparent metallic layer, a transparent protective insulating layer is either deposited on, or mounted closely adjacent to, the metallic layer. In the form shown, the photo-sensitive electrode comprises a sheet of mica 2 about 0.002 inches thick to which are applied two metallic ribbons 6, 6a, for example by painting on a colloidal solution of platinum chloride and subsequently heating to 400 C. to reduce the platinum. A transparent film 4 of chromium, platinum, tungsten, or other metal is then evaporated on to the mica and subsequently covered with a film of evaporated quartz, barium borate, cryolite or other material to form the transparent protective layer 5a Alternatively, the protective layer may be formed of a glass sheet 5 with the corners 7, 7a cut away to allow connections to be made to the metal ribbons 6, 6a, and held by a frame or clamps. The photosensitive mosaic 3 is formed on the other surface of the mica sheet, preferably after the electrode is mounted in the tube, and may consist of caesiated silver globules or a film of photo-sensitive material so thin that the molecules or small groups of molecules are physically separate from one another. The electrode is shown mounted in a television transmission tube comprising an electron gun consisting of a cathode 13, control electrode 14, and accelerating electrodes 15, 16 together with a shielding electrode 18 and a collector electrode 19 for electrons which do not reach the mosaic surface 3. The beam is focused by a coil 11 and deflected by deflecting plates 17 and a coil 12. The protective layer may be formed by the end wall of the tube. Specifications 462,550 and 506,143 are referred to.
Patent GB-618598-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in ring winding machines
IPC: H01F41/08
Filed: 1946-03-06
Abstract: 618,598. Winding toroidal coils. JACK & HEINTZ, Inc. March 6, 1946, No. 6971. Convention date, March 30, 1945. [Class 83 (iv)] A motor-driven ring-winding machine comprises a rotatable turntable 39 for supporting the ring 46 to be wound, a concentric split gear 52 disposed at right angles to the ring and having secured thereto a spool carrier 54 including a wire-feeding spool 63 and a guidewheel 56 in spaced relationship on either side of the ring rim, and a motor-driven gear train for rotating the turntable and for rotating the split-gear device carrying spool about the rotating ring to wind the wire thereabout in a single continuous contiguous winding, the gear train including a gear in driving relationship with the turntable and a manually adjustable friction drive means between the turntable and the turntable gear for varying the speed ratio drive therebetween. The gear train for the split gear comprises a driving gear 2, a pair of driven gears 3, 5, meshing with the split gear 52 so that one of the gears 3, 5 is always in mesh therewith; and for the turntable comprises the driving gear 2, driven gear 5, a worm 7 meshing with a gear 8, a worm 31, Fig. 3, meshing with the turntable gear 32, the shafts 17 and 9 of the worm 31 and the gear 8 respectively being in alignment and carrying therebetween a pair of wheels 16, 15 of the adjustable variable-speed friction drive, wheel 16 being fast to shaft 17 and loose to shaft 9 and the wheel 15 being fast to shaft 9. Between the wheels 16, 15 is a friction disc 24 pinned through a shaft 27 to a bracket 66 which latter is clamped to the casing through an arcuate slot which allows of its adjustment and therefore of the friction disc. Between the turntable gear 32 and the turntable 39 is a frictional drive adjustment comprising a friction disc 35, a loosely mounted collar 37 all held in position by an adjustable nut 41 and a compression coil spring 42. The speed of rotation of the turntable is therefore dependent on this adjustment, together with the adjustment of the variablespeed friction-drive 16-15. These adjustments allow the speeds of rotation of the ring 46 and of the gear 52 to be so correlated that there will be no overlapping of wire and no space between each turn of wire on the ring. The machine may be used for the wire winding of electrical devices, such as potentiometers.
Patent GB-307213-A (GB)
Title: A combined closure and decanting device for cans or like liquid containers
IPC: B65D47/06
Filed: 1928-03-07
Abstract: 307,213. Gadsden, S. W., Gadsden, N. C., and Topham, C. H. March 7, 1928. Spouts; opening by cutting or tearing. - A combined closure and pouring spout for oil or other liquid containers comprises a plug member 2 fitted into an opening in the container and formed either with an aperture 12 in the bottom near the edge closed by a sealing member 13, Fig. 1, or with a weakened portion 16, Fig. 3, adapted to be pressed out of the bottom when required. The plug is formed with a flange 6 adapted to be soldered to a groove formed around the opening of the container. Within the plug is rotatably fitted a valve member 21, the two being held together by indentations in the plug engaging a groove formed in the valve member. The bottom valve is formed with a port 27 adapted to.coincide with the opening in the plug when the parts are in the pouring position, Fig. 5, and to close it in the position shown in Fig. 6. The spout portion 22, fitted to the valve member, is preferably of the form shown in Fig. 3, provided with a cover portion 31 in which is an opening closed by a removable cap 33.
Patent GB-107197-A (GB)
Title: Process for Producing a Water Softener.
Inventor: WIDNER GEORGE HENRY
IPC: C01B33/46
Filed: 1917-05-17
Abstract: 107,197. Widner, G. M. May 20, 1916, [Convention date]. Double silicates.-A clay consisting mainly of hydrated aluminium silicate but containing also some alkali and/or alkaline earth is dried, reduced to suitable size by mechanical means, baked at a high temperature, for instance 600--700‹ C., and stored in salt water; or the material may be mixed with salt before baking, and stored in water after the baking. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) describes the invention described in Specification 116,023. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-348264-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to water heaters or steam generators
IPC: F24H1/26
Filed: 1930-03-04
Abstract: 348,264. Vertical and internally-fired steam and hot water boilers. CLARKSON, T., 43, Heybridge Avenue, Streatham, London. March 4, 1930, No. 7074. [Classes 64 (i) and 123 (ii).] In a water heater or steam generator having an annular water space C between two cylindrical shells A, B, the inner shell has a number of inwardly projecting tapered tubular projections or thimbles B' formed by pressing from a metal sheet, which is afterwards bent to a cylindrical shape and welded at the abutting edges, a cap B<2> being then welded to the inner end of the cylinder. The cylindrical combustion chamber E formed oi refractory material is in contact with the inner ends of the thimbles. The combustion gases from a gas or oil burner directed into the chamber pass through perforations E<2> in the inner end of the chamber and then flow downwards over the thimbles to the outlet flue B<4>. The thimbles may be of square or diamond shape section.
Patent GB-258792-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in double drum hoists
IPC: B66D1/26
Filed: 1926-03-16
Abstract: 258,792. Ingersoll-Rand Co., (Assignees of Cousins, G. T.). Dec. 8, 1925, [Convention date]. Winches ; driving- gear.-In a winch of the kind described in Specification 183,427, the pawl X is made of such length and shape and its path of movement is so correlated to the distance between opposing teeth of the drum drivers O, J that it has no neutral position in which it is free from engagement with opposite teeth and therefore shifts into complete driving engagement with the opposite drum driver immediately upon reversal of the main driver R.
Patent GB-176811-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of anhydrous chlorides
IPC: C01G1/06
Filed: 1922-03-13
Abstract: Inorganic chlorides are obtained by passing chlorine containing sulphur chloride over a heated mixture of an oxide and carbon, the production of silicon and aluminium chlorides being particularly described.  When aluminium chloride is prepared, the first product is a sublimate containing an addition product of sulphur chloride with aluminium chloride from which the two chlorides are separated by distillation, preferably under reduced pressure.  The mixture of chlorine and sulphur chloride may be made by passing chlorine through an evaporator containing sulphur chloride.  Alternatively, the sulphur chloride may be formed in situ, for example by adding sulphur compounds such as pyrites or a sulphate to the mixture of carbon and oxide.ALSO:Inorganic chlorides are obtained by passing chlorine containing sulphur chloride over a heated mixture of an oxide and carbon, the production of silicon and aluminium chlorides being particularly described.  When aluminium chloride is prepared, the first product is a sublimate containing an addition product of sulphur chloride with aluminium chloride from which the two chlorides are separated by distillation, preferably under reduced pressure. The mixture of chlorine and sulphur chloride may be made by passing chlorine through an evaporator containing sulphur chloride. Alternatively, the sulphur chloride may be formed in situ, for example by adding sulphur compounds such as pyrites or a sulphate to the mixture of carbon and oxide.
Patent GB-126136-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Machines for Shaping Uppers to Lasts.
IPC: A43D21/12
Filed: 1918-05-02
Abstract: 126,136. British United Shoe Machinery Co., (United Shoe Machinery Corporation). May 2, 1918. Lasting.-In an end-lasting mechanism for combined pulling-over and lasting machines, particularly of the type described in Specification 920/15, a pair of end wiper plates 10, Figs. 1 and 2, are mounted for independent movement about a pivot 8 on a support 6 secured to a holder 4, which is connected to the front tacker arm 2 so that either of two sets of wiper mechanisms carried by the holder may be moved into operative position. On the other side of the support 6 from the end plates 10, a pair of side wipers 12 are mounted to swing about pivots 14 offset from the pivot 8 in opposite directions widthwise of the shoe; these wipers are bevelled on their lower sides and serve virtually as extensions of the end plates 10. The wipers 12 carry pins 16 having rolls 17 adapted to engage the outer edges of the end plates 10 for closing movement, and other pins 18 arranged to engage extensions 20 of the end plates for opening movement, the extent of which is limited by the engagement of pins 26 on the extensions 20 with recesses in the support 6; the side wipers are opened by springs 22, and their opening movement is limited by the pins 18. In the normal open position of both pairs of wipers, the side wipers are offset laterally outward with respect to the end plates, leaving room between the wipers and the shoe for the grippers to perform their functions, and there is lost motion between the rolls 17 and the end plates 10, as shown in Fig. 2, to enable the wipers 12 to advance into alinement with the end plates 10 before the closing movement of both pairs of wipers over the shoe margin; this closing movement is effected in the usual way from the side tacker arms. The pins 16, 26 are provided with wide heads 28, 30 to overlap respectively the end plates 10 and the support 6, so as to prevent relative movements between the plates 10 and wipers 12, and between the plates 10 and the support 6 in a direction normal to the shoe bottom. Fig. 4 shows a modified construction in which the intermediate portions of the end plates 10 have substantially straight-wiping edges for some distance on opposite sides of the pivot 8. In this construction, the opening movement of the side wipers 12 is limited by the engagement of extensions 34 on the wipers with shoulders 32 provided on the support 6. while to ensure full retraction of the end plates 10 in their opening movement, springs 36 are mounted on pins 38 carried by the extensions 34, and are arranged to bear at one end on the rolls 17, and at the other end on the extensions 20 of the end plates 10.
Patent GB-249317-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in road signs
IPC: G09F13/16
Filed: 1925-03-19
Abstract: 249,317. Wright, H. L., and Mason, R. March 19, 1925. Reflex lights.-A road sign is formed of a cast metal plate having apertures or recesses containing mirrors, with or without lenses mounted thereon, and forming, emphasizing or surrounding the characters. The cast metal plate 1 has a rim 2 and a rib 3 which divides the plate into an upper and a lower part. The plate is cast with a projecting symbol 4 which is surrounded by recesses 6, Fig. 2, containing convex mirrors 8 and lenses 9, secured by a filling of pitch &c. 7. The lower part of the plate is cast with letters 4<a>, Fig. 3, provided with recesses 11 and mirrors 13. The recesses may be replaced by lipped apertures in which the mirrors &c. are secured.
Patent GB-900022-A (GB)
Title: Steroid compounds and their preparation
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1958-10-24
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the general formula <FORM:0900022/IV (b)/1> wherein R represents a hydrogen or fluorine atom, R1 represents a keto or hydroxy radical, and R11 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or acyl radical, and the preparation thereof by reacting a compound of the general formula <FORM:0900022/IV (b)/2> wherein R, R1 and R11 have the above significance, with diazomethane in an inert solvent.  When the compounds of the first general formula contain a 21-alkanoate group, the compounds may be hydrolysed to the corresponding 21-hydroxy compounds.  4,16-Pregnadienes, of the second general formula above, are prepared by reacting the required 3,20 - diketo - 17a  - hydroxy-11,21-di-oxygenated-4-pregnene 3,20-disemicarbazones with hot acetic acid followed by pyruvic acid.
Patent GB-398257-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to optical systems
IPC: G02B13/00
Filed: 1932-03-14
Abstract: 398,257. Optical sound-recording apparatus. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA, 570, Lexington Avenue, New York, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Maurer, J. A. ; 620, West 116th Street, New York, U.S.A.) March 14, 1932, No. 7496. Convention date, April 6, 1931. [Class 40 (ii).] An optical system for producing a linear image, particularly for forming an image on the sound track of a kinematograph film, consists of two components of which one is composed of a number of lenses having different kinds of curvature (i.e. spherical and cylindrical lenses or two cylindrical lenses with their axes at right-angles), or of a single lens with one or both surfaces toric, so as to form a linear image of the light,source, and the other component produces in the image plane a linear image of the said linear image. The first-mentioned image is formed either between the two components or within the first component. Several forms are described. In Figs. 1 and 2 the front component 2 consists of a spherical element 10 and a cylindrical element 11 forming a linear image of the light source 1 at 7, and the rear component consists of a spherical lens 3 forming at 8 in the image plane 4 an image of the image 7. The length of the image 7 may be defined by a diaphragm 6. The lens 3 may consist of a spherical element and a cylindrical element and may be provided with a diaphragm to improve the definition of the final image. The cylindrical element of the front component may be placed in front of the spherical element, or this component may consist of two cylindrical elements with their axes at right-angles, or.of a single lens having different curvatures about vertical and horizontal axes. Either the spherical or the cylindrical element of the front component may be divergent. In Figs. 15 and 16 the front component consists of a single piece of glass having at one end a spherical surface 11<1> and at the other end a cylindrical surface 12<1>. the surface 11<1> being of such power as to produce an image 7 between the two end surfaces. Specification 387,148 is referred to.
Patent GB-259117-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to silver plated eating utensils
IPC: A47G21/02
Filed: 1926-03-18
Abstract: 259,117. Holthaus, E., and Bremer Silberwarenfabrik Akt.-Ges. March 18, 1926. Spoons and forks.-In silver plated eating utensils, such as spoons, forks, and knife handles, wherein the portions exposed to the greatest wear are provided with a thickened layer of silver, the article is formed, prior to plating, with a flattened surface f to which is soldered a silver plate g having a plano-convex cross section. Studs g<2> may be formed on the plate to engage in corresponding recesses in the article.
Patent GB-1400725-A (GB)
Title: Copying apparatus
IPC: G03G21/20
Filed: 1972-06-01
Abstract: 1400725 Electrostatic printing CANON K K 1 June 1972 [3 June 1971 (2), 9 June 1971, 10 June 1971 (3), 21 June 1971, 30 Aug 1971] 7591/75 Divided out of 1400724 Heading G2H The copying apparatus is substantially identical to that disclosed in parent Specification 1400724 but the claims are limited to electro-photosensitive members and the formation and development of electrostatic latent images.