baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1044797-A (GB)
Title: Television set and filter
IPC: H01J29/89
Filed: 1964-04-29
Abstract: 1,044,797. Television. DOUGLAS AIRCRAFT CO. Inc. April 29, 1964 [April 29, 1963], No. 17896/64. Heading H4F. Television viewing apparatus rendered un affected by incident ambient light comprises' a radiant image producing surface 30, Fig. 2, and a generally planar space-lattice type ambient light trapping filter 14 placed in front of the surface 30, the filter 14 comprising a plurality of depthwise directed viewing cells and having its upper end bent forward from the lower end. The filter is formed of a plurality of layers of transparent material on which a pattern of opaque and transparent areas are photographed or printed and which are cemented together with transparent cement. The opaque areas may be parallel, straight or wavy lines or sets of parallel lines crossing each other to produce closed transparent areas having square, rectangular or diamond shapes. The transparent areas in the layers are aligned. The inclination of the filter 14 and safety glass 36, when fitted, causes light from sources such as 42 to be reflected below the line of vision 38 of the observer, whilst the cells produced by the aligned transparent areas of the filter layers about any ambient light before it can reach the display screen. It is stated that the presence of the filter gives an appearance of increased contrast, and that with the display screen dead the absorbing quality of the filter causes the screen to disappear, and the filter, if the outer layer thereof is black, will present a uniform black appearance, obviating the necessity for doors in front of the dead screen. To obviate internal reflections between the display screen and the rear face of the filter a transparent mass, Fig. 3 (not shown), may be cemented between the screen and filter with the mass and filter having the same refractive index as the screen and the filter, and with the display tube tilted so that the screen is symmetrically distant from the filter. The tilt of the filter may be adjustable, Fig. 4 (not shown) by pivoting the filter about a horizontal axis, with the space between the screen and filter being kept airtight by means of bellows attached between the display tube housing and the filter, or by side shields 60, Fig. 5 (not shown), and wall 58 attached to the filter. Due to the cells in the filter it is impossible to see the active screen outside of a small angle and some means must be provided for observing the screen when adjust ing the receiver and tuning-in a station. In Fig. 5 this is made possible by having part of the upper wall 58 formed with a transparent window, the filter being pulled forward on hinge 56 against the restoring action of spring 70. In Fig. 6 (not shown) part 78 of the housing folds back, allowing the. screen to be viewed through transparent sheet 74, whilst in Fig. 7 (not shown) part of the housing is transparent and an internal flap is caused to move away from the part revealing the screen.
Patent GB-1601273-A (GB)
Title: Engine and transmission control apparatus
IPC: B60W10/103
Filed: 1978-05-05
Abstract: An integrated transmission-engine control for a transmission, such as a hydrostatic transmission having a variable displacement unit connectable to an engine and a second displacement unit connected to an output shaft, including fluid pressure-operated ratio governor means for the transmission, fluid pressure-operated means for controlling the supply of fuel to an engine, a power demand valve for converting a particular power demand to a particular fluid pressure primary control signal. The primary control signal is applied to the ratio governor means in opposition to a signal representing engine speed to set the transmission ratio for a desired engine speed and also applied to the fuel supply controlling means to establish a fuel setting to match engine horsepower to engine speed for minimum fuel consumption.
Patent GB-334900-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of aliphatic acids and other fermentation products
IPC: C12P7/54
Filed: 1929-06-11
Abstract: 334,900. Langwell, H. June 11, 1929. Acetic, butyric, and other aliphatic acids.-In the production of aliphatic acids such as acetic or butyric acids and other products by the fermentation of suitable materials such as cellulosic materials in which the acid is neutralized to the required extent as it is formed by ammonia, ammonium carbonate, substituted ammonia or the like, the ammonia is subsequently liberated by decomposition of the salt produced by a non- volatile base such as lime or calcium carbonate. The ammonia &c. is isolated by distillation, the liquid preferably being subjected to a partial distillation followed by nitration and then a continued distillation or concentration, multipleeffect Kestner evaporators being employed. The fermentation may be controlled to yield mainly acetic acid, lime or calcium carbonate being employed to liberate the ammonia, and sodium acetate being produced by double decomposition of the calcium lactate and sodium carbonate. In the fermentation step organisms of the kind found in fermenting vegetable matter, septic sewerage, soil &c. or on the corn cobs, or other material employed, may be used and the fermentation may be carried out as described in Specification 248,795.
Patent GB-809643-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of making semi-conductor devices
IPC: C30B31/06
Filed: 1956-06-13
Abstract: 809,643. Semi-conductor devices. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. June 13, 1956 [June 20, 1955], No. 18258/56. Class 37. The invention relates to a semi-conductor body having two contiguous surface layers of opposite conductivity types produced by heating the body in the presence of a donor and an acceptor impurity, the relative concentrations of donors and acceptors being such that the impurity having the larger diffusivity has the lower surface concentration in the body. In one example (Fig. IE) a transistor is manufactured by heating an N-type silicon body in the presence of Sb 2 O 3  for 1 hours at 1250 C. to form an N+ layer 11. AlSb, or InSb, or pure A1 or In is then diffused into the surface to convert an inner layer 12 to P-type, without destroying layer 11, since aluminium and indium have greater diffusivity and lower solubility in silicon than antimony. The connection 14 to the 'base zone 12 is of annular shape and is produced by evaporating a thin (1 mil.) film of aluminium on the surface and heating to 800 C. so that the converted P-region 14 reaches the interior 10A. An aluminium wire 15 is bonded to zone 14. The emitter zone consists of that part of layer 11 within the base electrode and connection thereto is provided by passing a current pulse through a gold antimony coated tungsten wire 16, thus avoiding penetration to layer 12. Connection to the collector zone 10A is made by heating a gold antimony film to 500 C. to form N zone 17. The end portions of the body are then etched away to form the finished transistor, as shown in Fig. 1F, which is encapsulated. The arrangement provides an impurity gradient in the base zone to produce an electric field. Arsenic and bismuth may be used in place of antimony, and if indium antimonide is used, for example the two layers 11 and 12 may be provided in one heating step. Fig. 2B shows a modification in which the base and emitter contacts are provided by aluminium tube 21 and wire 22. For high-frequency applications (Fig. 3C) the emitter contact may consist of an evaporated, alloyed line 32 of goldantimony and the base contact of an evaporated, alloyed line 31 of aluminium, if desired, on both sides of line 32. Alternatively aluminium, or aluminium coated tungsten wire could be used. Diffusion into the semi-conductor body may be effected by having impurities in gaseous state in the presence of an inert gas, or by evaporating as film, if necessary mixed with an inert material, and then heating. For making connection to the base zone, aluminium or indium could be diluted with tin, or thallium (low solubility) could be used. A PNP body could be made by using bismuth as the donor to form the intermediate base zone, and gold and antimony for the connection to this zone. The use of phosphorus as donor, and gallium or boron as acceptor is also referred to. The manufacture of PNIP and NPIN arrangements are also described. Specifications 700,231 and 809,642 are referred to.
Patent GB-1302975-A (GB)
IPC: C10K1/16
Filed: 1970-04-16
Abstract: 1302975 Degassing liquid FLUOR CORP 16 April 1970 [18 April 1969] 18309/70 Heading B1M Physically dissolved acidic gases are removed from a hygroscopic liquid solvent by flowing the solvent in direct contact with a stripping gas, which stripping gas has previously been contacted with chilled water to cool the stripping gas and reduce its water content. Thus air at 45‹F-120‹F may be contacted in countercurrent with water at 35‹F-65‹F and then contacted in countercurrent with propylene carbonate to remove acidic gas therefrom.
Patent GB-110986-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Protractors.
Inventor: SYNNOTT WILFRID THOMAS
IPC: F41G11/00
Filed: 1916-12-21
Abstract: 110,986. Synnott, W. T. Dec. 21, 1916. Protractors.-A protractor, more particularly adapted for solving on charts and maps problems relating to gunnery and surveying with the aid of threads whereby direction lines are laid down, comprises two members A, B, Fig. 1, jointed at C, one member A bearing a scale of degrees and the other B serving as a radius arm, which, when clamped in position either by means of an arm D or by means of a pin inserted in the hole d<1>, retains the member bearing the degree scale in proper relation to the zero point b<4>. For portability, the members A and B are hinged at a and b, and the member B provided with a sliding extension b<3>. The instrument is retained on the map by means of a pin passed through the hole b<4> at the point of observation, and pins passed through the holes a<4>, b<5>. Angles with zero line E E may be read by means of threads attached to the pin passed through the hole b<4> and stretched across the map. The member B is preferably marked with a scale of ranges and may be provided with a slide extension. The pins used are preferably of the form shown in Fig. 8, wherein the head of the pin is made flat, with incurved edges, in order that the thread may be wound thereon.
Patent GB-986387-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric switches
IPC: H01H1/00
Filed: 1961-05-19
Abstract: 986,387. Retractive switches. BROOKHIRST IGRANIC Ltd. May 19, 1961 [July 11, 1960], No. 18345/61. Heading H2B. In a snap-action retractive switch the contacts such as 26 are observable through magnifying lenses, such as 52, formed integrally with a transparent plastics cover 36 in which is formed a semi-cylindrical guide slot for the top leg 46 of the rectilinearly moving contact actuator 30. The switch mechanism may be enclosed in a sealed transparent or opaque casing.
Patent GB-1068701-A (GB)
Title: A process for recovering hydrocarbons
IPC: C07F5/06
Filed: 1965-04-30
Abstract: Vinyl olefines are initially recovered as n-alkyl aluminium from a mixture of normally liquid vinyl and non-vinyl olefines by reaction with a trialkyl aluminium, a dialkyl aluminium hydride or a mixture thereof in which the alkyl radicals, e.g. C4-C9, especially isobutyl, are b -branched and have at least two carbon atoms less than the lowest m.w. olefines of the mixture have per molecule.  The alkyl radical: vinyl olefine molar proportion is from 1/2 to 6/5 :1.  The reaction is carried out at such a temperature and pressure that the vinylidene olefines formed are vaporized and such that essentially no reaction occurs between the alkyl aluminium and the non-vinyl olefines.  The vinyl olefine may be recovered by a displacement reaction of the n-alkyl aluminium with ethylene.  The olefines in the mixture may be C6-C16.  The reaction temperature may be 150-300 DEG C. with a reaction time preferably not exceeding about 1 minute.  The initial olefines may have been produced by catalytic dehydrogenation or by the "growth" reaction. Operation may be batchwise or continuous by passing the reactants through 1/4 -1 inch I.D. tubes 20-70 feet long at rates to provide residence times of 2-10 seconds.ALSO:Vinyl olefines are recovered as n-alkyl aluminiums from mixtures of normally liquid vinyl and non-vinyl olefines by reaction with a trialkyl, aluminium, dialkyl aluminium hydride, or a mixture thereof, in which the alkyl radicals, e.g. C4-C9, especially isobutyl, are b -branched and have at least two carbon atoms less than the lowest m.w. olefines of the mixture have per molecule.  The alkyl radicals: vinyl olefine molal proportion is from 1/2 to 6/5 : 1.  The reaction is carried out at a temperature and pressure such that the vinylidene olefines formed are vaporized and such that essentially no reaction occurs between the alkyl aluminium and the non-vinyl olefines.  The olefines in the mixture may be C6-C16. The reaction may be carried out at 150-300 DEG  C. with a reaction time preferably not exceeding about 1 minute.  The vinyl olefine may be recovered by a displacement reaction of the n-alkyl aluminium with ethylene.  The initial olefines may have been produced by catalytic dehydrogenation or by the "growth" reaction. Operation may be batchwise or continuous by passing the reactants through 1/4 to 1 inch. I.D. tubes 20-70 feet long at rates to provide residence times of 2-10 seconds.
Patent GB-130593-A (GB)
Title: Improved Method of Cooling the Cylinders and other Parts of Internal Combustion Engines.
Inventor: AUGER EMILE HENRI
IPC: F01P1/02
Filed: 1919-07-24
Abstract: 130,593. Auger, E. H. July 3, 1918, [Convention date]. Cylinders, construction of and cooling.-To cool the cylinder, scavenging air is admitted to it at one end through ports which cause the air to travel in a helical path to the other end and return in a whirling stream towards the inlet end where the exhaust port is situated. The invention is applicable to both four and two-strokecycle engines of all kinds, including those in which two pistons move oppositely in the same cylinder. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 14401/88.
Patent GB-1015769-A (GB)
Title: Process for overbased sulfurized metal phenates
IPC: C10M159/24
Filed: 1963-05-09
Abstract: A lubricating oil composition containing a basic carbonated sulphurized alkaline earth metal alkyl phenate is made by blending together in a lubricating oil medium an alkyl phenol, a metal sulphonate, a monohydric alcohol having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and sulphur, there being for each molal quantity of alkyl phenol from 0.01 to 1 mole of sulphonate and from 0.05 to 0.15 mole of the alcohol, adding to the resulting blend an alkaline earth metal hydroxide or oxide, the mole ratio of sulphur to alkaline earth metal being from 0.25 to 4.0, then adding ethylene glycol in an amount such that the mole ratio of said hydroxide or oxide to ethylene glycol is in the range of from 2:1 to 0.25:1, heating the resulting mixture to remove water of reaction, adding carbon dioxide in an amount of from 300 to 10 mole per cent of the alkyl phenol, removing uncombined carbon dioxide, adding a further amount of said hydroxide or oxide, heating to remove water of reaction, adding further carbon dioxide in an amount of from 300 to 10 mole per cent, and thereafter heating the reaction mixture at reduced pressure to remove ethylene glycol, the total amount of the alkaline earth metal hydroxide or oxide used being such as to give a base ratio of 1.2 to 4.5.  The alkyl phenols have the formula (R)aAOH where A is an essentially hydrocarbon aromatic radical, R is a straight or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated essentially hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 30 carbon atoms and a is 1 or 2. The total number of carbon atoms for R has a minimum value of 8.  The metal sulphonates contain from 0 to 300% of metal in excess of normal sulphonates.  The basic sulphonates are made by addition of excess base to neutral sulphonates of the formula [(R)aASO3]2M where R is a straight or branched chain saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical of molecular weight of about 150 to 800, A is an aromatic radical, a is 1 to 4 and M is an alkaline earth metal.  The lubricating oils include petroleum lubricating oils, alkylene polymers, alkylene oxide-type polymers, carboxylic acid esters, alkyl benzenes, polyphenyls, and polymers of silicon.
Patent GB-253735-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric lamp holders and the like
IPC: H01R33/955
Filed: 1925-07-21
Abstract: 253,735. Waite, R. T. July 21, 1925. Holders comprise a hollow insulating core and a surrounding casing, the core being made in parts 4, 5, 6 adapted to be fitted together, and on one of which parts the casing 7 is detachably secured, for example by means of a screw-thread on the part 4, the external shape of the core and the internal shape of the casing being complementary whereby the attachment of the casing to one part of the core secures the whole of the core in position. The meeting faces of the parts 5, 6 are grooved to accommodate the flex 13 and its terminals 12 and a sliding switch-bar 15, which is held resiliently up to the terminals 12 by the operating springs of the contact plungers 11. The socket 18 for the reception of the lamp bulb and a protecting-skirt 19 are mounted on the part 4 of the core.
Patent GB-940218-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to extreme-pressure lubricants
IPC: C10M131/12
Filed: 1960-05-25
Abstract: 940,218. Lubricating oil compositions. REGIE NATIONALE DES USINES RENAULT. May 25, 1960 [June 11, 1959], No. 18549/60. Addition to. 859,732. Heading C5F. A lubricant comprises lubricating oil, a small amount of pentachlorobutyric acid CCl3.CHCl.- CHCl.COOH and a small amount of 1: 3: 5- trithiane. The composition may also contain dibenzyl sulphide and one or more of methyl, ethyl, propyl and isopropyl stearates, palmitates and behenates.
Patent GB-1419461-A (GB)
Title: Cutting apparatus of a rod machine for the manufacture of rod-like articles of the tobacco-processing industry
IPC: A24C5/28
Filed: 1973-04-18
Abstract: 1419461 Continuous-rod cutting guide HAUNI-WERKE KORBER & CO KG 18 April 1973 [22 April 1972] 18586/73 Heading A2C The rod guide 22 is fixed to a cantilever support 31 which is mounted to tilt about a stationary 'bearing 36, (37), the drive means for reciprocally tilting the support 31 being connected to it in the immediate viscinity of the bearing 36, (37). The rod guide 22 is driven in synchronism with the support 51 for the cutter 25 via helical spur gears 46, 48, respectively, by a common helical spur gear 47 connected to the drive shaft of the machine. As shown, the conversion of the rotary drive from the gear 46 to a reciprocating tilt drive is effected by a Hooke's joint 38 carrying a bolt 41 at its fork end which bolt is secured to a shaft 34 non-rotatably fixed to the support 31. The other end of the Hooke's joint is eccentrically mounted in a drive disc 43. In another embodiment, Fig. 6 (not shown), the tilt drive is effected by means of a flat linkage eccentric drive. In both embodiments, the drive from the gear 48 to the cutter support 51 is transmitted via a constant velocity joint 53.
Patent GB-591358-A (GB)
Title: Process for the separation and purification of alkyl halides
IPC: C07C17/38
Filed: 1944-09-28
Abstract: Alkyl halides, highly purified, are recovered from the polymer-free recycle materials in a low temperature olefinic catalytic polymerization reaction in which an alkyl halide having up to 4 carbon atoms has been employed as a solvent for a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, the recycle materials comprising the solvent, unreacted olefinic material and volatile impurities, by a process comprising drying the recycle materials, separating therefrom by fractiona <PICT:0591358/IV/1> tion a fraction consisting essentially of alkyl halide, scrubbing the fraction with 90-93 per cent w/w sulphuric acid at a temperature below 140 DEG  F., preferably between 120 DEG  and 140 DEG  F., and distilling the acid treated alkyl halides. Desirably, a two-stage scrubbing is employed, first using 87-90 per cent sulphuric acid and then the 90-93 per cent acid.  The purified alkyl halide is thereby freed of catalyst poisons and impurities including water, olefines and oxygenated and acidic compounds, and is suitable for re-use in the low temperature polymerization, for example, of iso-olefines with or without conjugated diolefines having 4 to 6 carbon atoms at temperatures below - 10 DEG  C.  Thus in an application, a mixture of an iso-olefine and diolefine from 1 is cooled and passed to polymerization zone 3 together with recycle materials from 6 and catalyst in methyl chloride from vessel 5.  The reaction mixture is then led to a flashing zone 4 where unreacted materials and methyl chloride are volatilized off, leaving the polymer to be recovered at 7.  The flashed material is cooled at 8 to separate water vapour, passed through a drier 11 and fed as a compressed vapour to distillation column 13.  In this column, an amount of methyl chloride, containing less than 1 per cent olefinic material, sufficient to serve as catalyst solvent is removed overhead, the residue leaving as bottoms and being re-cycled to the polymerization zone through line 6.  The methyl chloride is passed via heater 17 to primary tower 18 where it is scrubbed, preferably in vapour phase, with 87-90 per cent sulphuric acid and is then passed through line 24 to secondary scrubber 25 for scrubbing with the 90-93 per cent sulphuric acid. The scrubbed vapours are then led via line 26 through an acid-intrainment drum 29 and thence to a clean-up column 30 where heavy olefinic material, polymer and sulphur dioxide may be removed as bottoms.  The sulphur dioxide may also be removed by means of solid caustic soda or lime.  The purified alkyl halide which contains less than 100 parts, and preferably less than 10 parts per million of olefinic material is finally liquefied by cooler 33, and mixed with catalyst in vessel 5 and the solution fed to the polymerization zone.  Australian Specification 112,875 is referred to.
Patent GB-1259776-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical machines
Inventor: HALL SAMUEL STEWART
IPC: H02K11/04
Filed: 1968-04-19
Abstract: 1,259,776. Motor generators. PLESSEY CO. Ltd. 8 April, 1969 [19 April, 1968], No. 18692/68. Heading H2A. A motor-generator unit for use with an engine, particularly on an aircraft has a commutator 20 operative during starting of the engine . after which the brushes 21 are lifted by an electrically actuated device 30 to reduce wear. Excitation current is then supplied to an auxiliary field winding 28, e.g. from a battery, so that the unit delivers a D.C. voltage at the terminals of diodes 24 ... 26. As shown, the diodes are housed in the hollow shaft 7 of the unit and are used to supply excitation current to the rotor 9 of an alternator also mounted on the shaft 7, the stator 11 of the alternator having two windings 12, 13 providing respectively an A.C. output at 14 and a D.G. output at 16 through diodes 15 which may be controllable. The D.C. output may provide the excitation for winding 28 of the motor-generator unit. A two-part casing 1, 2 encloses the alternator and motor-generator and is open at one end to admit cooling air which exhausts at outlets 31 adjacent a centrifugal fan 32 on shaft 7.