baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ZA-9810315-B (ZA)
Title: Steel cord with spatially waved elements
Inventor: VOS XAVIER DE
IPC: D07B7/02
Filed: 1998-11-11
Abstract: A steel structure adapted for the reinforcement of elastomeric members has steel elements containing a plurality of steel filaments at least one of which filaments is provided with first and second crimps. The first crimp lies in a plane that is substantially different from the plane of the second crimp. Application of the both crimps can be carried out efficiently using two pairs of toothed wheels which are not externally driven. This arrangement renders it possible to obtain steel structures with an increased penetration of rubber or with an increased elongation at break.
Patent AT-412246-B (AT)
IPC: H01R13/66
Filed: 2002-08-05
Granted: 2004-11-25
Abstract: The invention relates to a plug coupling, particularly a mains plug swap system (1), for electrical devices, more particularly for a charger, in which an interchangeable mains plug (5) that can be fixed to the housing (4) is provided, wherein at least one projecting guide web (10) having contact elements (7) is arranged in said housing and the mains plug (5) having contact elements (9) has at least one corresponding cavity (11) for receiving the guide web (10). In order to easily and economically produce said plug coupling, a recess (12) is provided in the guide web (10) and a corresponding pin (13) engaging in the recess (12) is provided in the mains plug (5) and/or a recess (12) is arranged in the mains plug (5) and a corresponding pin (13) engaging in the recess (12) is arranged in the guide web (10) so that the mains plug (5) is fixed to the housing (4) as a result of a connection between the contact elements (9) of the mains plug (5) and the contact elements (7) of the guide web (10) when a corresponding movement of the mains plug (5) relative to the housing (4) is carried out.
Patent CN-1316664-B (CN)
Inventor: SDZLAY B D
IPC: G02B6/36
Filed: 2001-04-02
Granted: 2010-06-16
Abstract: 连接器组件(10)通过面板(14)上的开孔(12)进行安装。第一连接装置(16)可固定在面板上的开孔。第二连接装置(18)可轴向插入第一连接装置。连接装置(16)包括两个可轴向相对移动的部分(44，46)，一部分(46)可与连接装置(18)对接。第一锁定机构(64，68)设置在连接装置(16)的两部分(44、46)之间可防止这两部分相对轴向移动。连接装置(18)上装有释放装置(40)用来释放锁定装置(64，68)，使连接装置(18)可相对面板(14)浮动。
Patent CN-1017429-B (CN)
Title: 象牙烯宁衍生物的制备方法
Inventor: ZARNOS
IPC: A61K31/47
Filed: 1986-04-19
Abstract: 本发明涉及通式(Ia)或(Ib)(式中，R 1 代表C 1-4 烷基，R代表氢、C 1-6 烷基、C 2-6 烯基、酰基和取代酰基)的外消旋和旋光活性象牙烯衍生物以及酸加成盐的顺和反-差向异构体的制备，其反式化合物是新的。本发明还涉及通式(IIIa)和(IIIb)(式中R 1 和R′代表C 1-4 烷基)的化合物。 
     通式(Ia)和(Ib)化合物的血管扩张作用比已知的外周血管扩张剂己酮可可豆碱高得多。
Patent CN-1008978-B (CN)
Title: 快干铸铁涂料
Inventor: HANSHENG LIU
IPC: B22C3/00
Filed: 1986-10-03
Abstract: 一种快干铸铁涂料由石墨、陶土、滑石粉、石英粉、树脂、硅胶和有机溶剂组成。适用于树脂砂、合脂砂、水玻璃砂型或型芯喷涂、浸涂或刷涂。涂后可点燃干燥硬化，也可自干。使用本发明涂料可有效地防止粘砂，并可使铸铁表面粗糙度的平均值达到9-5μm，同时材料成本低廉。
Patent CN-1014607-B (CN)
Inventor: RULE MARK
IPC: C08G75/0263
Filed: 1988-10-18
Abstract: 一种制备相应于下述结构式的共聚亚芳基硫醚的方法， 
     [(-A-S-) 1-x (-A-S-S-) x ] n   
     其中x为0.5～0.001，上述方法包括使二磺代芳族化合物和元素硫的混合物进行反应。
Patent FI-112880-B (FI)
Inventor: NILSSON SVEN MELKER
IPC: F28F1/42
Filed: 2002-12-13
Granted: 2004-01-30
Abstract: The invention relates to a device for heat/moisture exchange which has ducts (1) with turbulence generators (3, 4) extending transversely to the ducts and having a rear edge side (5), an upper side (6) and a front edge side (7). The device is characterised in that the ducts are such that the distance A between the inlet of the ducts and the centre of the nearest turbulence generator is determined by the ratio of the distance A to the product of the hydraulic diameter and Reynolds number being in the range of 0.01-0.04, that the angle  theta  which indicates the inclination of the rear edge sides (5) of the turbulence generators is in the range of 30 DEG -60 DEG , that the ratio of the height e of the upper side (6) above the bottom of the duct to the hydraulic diameter Dh is in the range of 0.3-1.1, that the ratio of the distance P between the turbulence generators (3, 4) to the height e is in the range of 8-30, that the ratio of the length B and the upper side (6) of each turbulence generator to the height e is in the range of 1.0-4.0, and that the ratio of the edge radius r of the turbulence generators to the hydraulic diameter Dh is in the range of 0.01-0.2.
Patent FI-127944-B (FI)
Title: A magnetic actuator for a magnetic suspension system
Inventor: JASTRZEBSKI RAFAL PIOTR
IPC: H02N15/00
Filed: 2015-06-26
Granted: 2019-05-31
Abstract: A magnetic actuator comprises interconnected actuator elements (101-104) each comprising a core element (109) that comprises a center tooth section (110), side tooth sections (111, 112) on both sides of the center tooth section, and a yoke section (113) connecting the center and side tooth sections. Each actuator element further comprises a winding (105) around the center tooth section. The magnetic actuator further comprises permanent magnets (114-117) in gaps between the yoke sections of adjacent ones of the core elements. The direction of magnetization of each of the permanent magnets is across the gap where the permanent magnet is located. As there are three teeth in each core element, decoupling is achieved so that magnetic flux caused by electric current in one actuator element does not significantly flow to other actuator elements. The permanent magnets generate bias magnetic fluxes which make the operation of the magnetic actuator more linear.
Patent FI-127950-B (FI)
Inventor: KULLBÄCK LEIF
IPC: E02F3/40
Filed: 2016-08-29
Granted: 2019-05-31
Abstract: Esillä oleva keksintö liittyy järjestelyyn palteen poistamiseksi. Tällainen järjestely käsittää ainakin yhden pikakiinnikkeen (1), tähän kääntyvästi sovitetun kaapimen (2), siirtoelimet (4) irrotetun aineksen poistamiseksi ja käyttölaitteen (5) siirtoelinten ohjaamiseksi. Sanotussa kaapimessa on oleellisesti yhdensuuntasiksi järjestetyt pohjalevy (7) ja kansi (8) jotka rajaavat väliinsä kuljetustilan (9). Tällöin siirtoelimet on sovitettu kuljetustilaan ollen samanaikaisesti kiertyvät akselin (11) ympäri. Tämä akseli ulottuu käyttölaitteesta kannen läpi pohjalevylle, käyttölaitteen ollessa sovitettu kannen (8) yläpuolelle jossa se on yhteistoiminnassa akselin (11) kanssa.
Patent FI-129212-B (FI)
Inventor: KUKKONEN JUHANI
IPC: B27L1/00
Filed: 2019-03-13
Granted: 2021-09-30
Abstract: Keksintö koskee kuorimakoneen (100) syöttörullaa (10) puiden (102) syöttämiseksi kuorimakoneelle (100), johon syöttörullaan (10) kuuluu, - runko (12) käsittäen liitosvälineet (14), - tartuntalaput (16) kiinnitettyinä runkoon (12) ja - kiinnitysvälineet (20) tartuntalappujen (16) kiinnittämiseksi runkoon (12). Runko (12) on pyöreä keskikiekko (22), johon on muodostettu keskikiekon (22) säteen suuntaisesti syvennyksiä (24) tartuntalappujen (16) kiinnittämiseksi, jotka syvennykset (24) ovat kannaksien (26) erottamina toisistaan. Tartuntalaput (16) ovat sovitettu paksuudeltaan tartuntalappujen (16) sovittamiseksi irrotettavasti syvennyksiin (24) oleellisen välyksettömästi ja kiinnitysvälineet (20) ovat kannaksiin (26) irrotettavasti kiinnitettäviä kiiloja (30), joista kukin kiila (30) on sovitettu kiinnittämään ainakin yhden tartuntalapun (16) keskikiekkoon (22). Keksinnön kohteena on myös vastaava kuorimakone.
Patent FI-129662-B (FI)
Title: Load unit arrangement for connecting and disconnecting load units of the load unit arrangement
Inventor: LEPPIAHO TOMMI
IPC: B60P1/64
Filed: 2019-08-12
Granted: 2022-06-15
Abstract: A load unit arrangement (100) has first (101) and second (102) load units to be carried by a vehicle (103). Load units have first and second ends (101A, 101B, 102A, 102B) and they are configured to move in relation to each other in a first direction (115) to connect and disconnect the load units. The arrangement comprises also a guiding device (105) having a first arm (121) for guiding and lowering the first end (101A) of the first load unit (101) to the ground, and a second arm (122) for guiding and lifting the second end (102B) of the second load unit (102) over the top of the first load unit (101).
Patent FI-130552-B (FI)
Title: Method and system for detecting damages in freight container
Inventor: SELINUMMI JYRKI
IPC: G06T7/73
Filed: 2021-07-02
Granted: 2023-11-15
Abstract: A method of detecting damages in a freight container (10), comprising capturing a first image (IM11, IM12, IM13, IM14, IM15, IM16) of a part (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the freight container at an angle deviating from a perpendicular direction in respect of the part of the container, capturing a second image (IM21, IM22, IM23, IM24, IM25, IM26) of the same part (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the container (10) at an angle substantially perpendicular in respect of the same part of the container, analysing the first and second images for detecting a damage in the part of the container, and in response to detecting the damage in the part of the container providing a damage information image (DII1, DII2, DII3, DII4, DII5, DII6) regarding to the part of the container, the damage information image being an image based on the second image regarding to the respective part of the container and including damages detected in at least one of the respective first image or this second image. Also, a system for detecting damages in a freight container.
Patent HK-1052359-B (HK)
Title: Tolerogenic peptides
Inventor: MAZZA GRAZIELLA
IPC: G01N33/53
Filed: 2003-06-26
Abstract: There is provided a tolerogenic human peptide, capable of binding to an MHC class I or II molecule without further antigen processing, for use in the treatment and/or prevention of multiple sclerosis, which peptide is selected from the following myelin basic protein (MBP) peptides: 83-99 and 131- 145.
Patent HU-180036-B (HU)
Inventor: THEURER JOSEF
IPC: E01B27/02
Filed: 1979-08-23
Abstract: Waehrend das Ziel der Erfindung in einer wesentlichen Erhoehung der Wirtschaftlichkeit liegt, besteht die Aufgabe darin, dasz die Gleisbaumaschine selbst eine einfache und robuste Bauweise aufweist und mit ihren Pflug- und Schotterplatten nach und stoerungsfrei an die jeweiligen Einsatzbedingungen umstell-bzw. anpaszbar ist. Als Loesung ist nunmehr vorgesehen, dasz bei einer derartigen Gleisbaumaschine mit an einem Fahrgestellrahmen- ueber einen insbesondere hydraulischen Antrieb hoehenverstelllbar aangeordneter Pfluganordung, die wenigstens einen, etwa V-foermigen Mittelpflug aufweist, der aus jeweils eine der beiden Schienen ueberbrueckend angeordneten Pflugplatten und aus zu diesen verstellbaren, im Mittelbereich zwischen den Schienen angeordneten Schotterleitplatten gebildet ist, die Schotterleitplatten zu den Pflugplatten des Mittelpfluges gesondert hoehenverstellbar ausgebildet sind und fuer eine wahlweise gesonderte oder gemeinsame Hoehenverstellung gegenueber den Pflugplatten mit einer zusaetzlichen Hoehenverstell-Antriebsanordnung  verbunden sind.
Patent IT-1260047-B (IT)
Title: Automatic machine for closing the openings of bags and sachets by tying them with eyelets at the ends
IPC: B65B/
Filed: 1992-05-04
Granted: 1996-03-28
Abstract: This automatic machine for closing the openings of bags and sachets with ties of annealed steel wire and eyelets at the ends has the distinguishing feature that it comprises a first 10 and a second 11 long shaped arms that engage with each other and with a third 13 and a fourth 14 arms 15 hinged to each other by their movement taken from two supporting bars 6, 7 fixed to a pair of gearwheels 4, 5 meshing with each other in order to create a space with a progressively reducing perimeter 20, 21 inside which the edges of the opening of the bag are brought together to such a point that they are given a certain compact and mechanically strong columnar form about which the steel wire rod of a tie with end eyelets is wound in a twisted loop (Fig. 3). <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1245890-B (IT)
Title: Formulazioni farmaceutiche per uso orale gastroresistenti contenenti acidi biliari.
Inventor: MARCHI EGIDIO
IPC: A61K9/50
Filed: 1991-04-12
Granted: 1994-10-25
Abstract: Formulazioni farmaceutiche per uso orale ricoperte da una pellicola gastroresistente enterosolubile, preferibilmente scelte tra granulati gastroresistenti, compresse gastroresistenti, capsule gastroresistenti, di gelatina dura contenenti polveri o granulati o due o più compresse o sospensioni oleose, capsule gastroresistenti di gelatina molle contenenti sospensioni oleose e capsule di gelatina dura contenenti granulati gastroresistenti o due o più compresse gastroresistenti, contenenti quantità terapeuticamente efficaci di acidi biliari in miscela con sostanze aventi carattere basico fisiologicamente compatibili che favoriscono la salificazione e quindi l'assorbimento degli acidi biliari nel tratto intestinale, processo per la loro preparazione e loro uso terapeutico nel trattamento delle calcolosi biliari, delle dispepsie biliari, della cirrosi biliare e delle epatopatie croniche e colestatiche.
Patent IT-1273795-B (IT)
Title: Device for the sewing of two articles, particularly leather articles, with overlapping edge
Inventor: CIUCANI MARIO
IPC: D05B/
Filed: 1994-02-08
Granted: 1997-07-10
Abstract: The device for the sewing of two leather articles with overlapping edge comprises a lengthwise guide 7 consisting of a fixed lower part 9, having at the vertex a recurved fin 12 bending downward, and a movable upper part 10, able to slide along said fixed lower part 9. The parts 9 and 10 of the guide 7 define two inclined plane surfaces 9a, 10a, mutually converging from bottom to top, on which are made to advance a first article 1 and a second article 2 being sewn. An edging tool 14 can move vertically above the lengthwise guide 7 and is able to grasp an edge 3 of said first article 1 on the recurved fin 12, bending the edge 3 itself so as to overlap a corresponding edge of said second article 2, in the process of producing a sewing stitch 4. The movable part 10 of the guide 7 can be placed in alternating motion by a movement assembly 23 having a foot 24 able to press the edge of the second article 2 against the surface 10a of the same movable part 10. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1249598-B (IT)
Title: Impianto di sollevamento ausiliare di strada ferrata
Inventor: GANZ JORG
IPC: E01B29/04
Filed: 1991-02-15
Granted: 1995-03-09
Abstract: L'invenzione è destinata ad attrezzare una macchina (1) di cantiere di strada ferrata, in particolare una rincalzatrice, per aiutare i mezzi di sollevamento abituali (5) al momento del sollevamento di un'apparecchiatura ferroviaria. Essa comprende un dispositivo di sollevamento (9) munito di mezzi per permettere la presa ed il sollevamento di un binario della strada ferrata per appoggio sulla piattaforma. Questo dispositivo (9) è portato da un braccio (8) articolato alla sua seconda estremità ad un dispositivo mobile (7) che si sposta lungo un binario (6) fissato sul fianco della macchina (1). L'impianto è realizzato per permettere lo spostamento della macchina (1) tra almeno due posizioni di rincalzamento consecutive nel senso assiale del binario pur mantenendo il dispositivo di sollevamento ausiliare (9) in posizione. L'impianto permette, naturalmente, lo spostamento relativo del dispositivo di sollevamento (9) rispetto alla macchina (1).
Patent IT-1248562-B (IT)
Title: Improvement in water demineralizer equipment using magnetization
Inventor: PASSONI GIOCONDO
Filed: 1991-06-27
Granted: 1995-01-19
Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in water demineralizer equipment using magnetization of the type described in patent application no. MI 91 A 000268 dated 04.02.91 by the same inventor, and comprises the fact that the efficiency of the magnet increases by a further 15% if the so-called inductive catalyst is formed of a mixture of equal parts by weight of sulphur, ion exchange resin, silicon phosphates and magnesium oxides instead of sulphur alone, and by a further 10% if the non- magnetizable metal pipe subjected to the action of the magnets is of square cross-section instead of being of circular cross-section. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1252693-B (IT)
Title: Equipment for taking a sample of vapourizing and solidifiable liquid from a tank
Inventor: BADOCCHI CLAUDIO
IPC: G01F/
Filed: 1991-11-27
Granted: 1995-06-23
Abstract: The equipment is used for taking samples of vaporizing and solidifiable liquids from a tank; in particular, it is to be used in industries in which the operation must cause a minimum emission of vapours and dispersion of liquid in the environment. The equipment takes the sample from the bottom of the tank, from the liquid phase, and allows only the requisite quantity to fall into the collecting vessel, without opening the tank, and with minimal evaporation. The operation is carried out by means of a combined piston, shutter and measurement device, operated by a pneumatic actuator, which opens, closes and calibrates the periods in order to supply the measured quantity which is to be taken. The liquid sample flows into the sampling and discharge pipe without leaving residues, since it is kept hot, in other words liquid, throughout its passage; finally, it falls into the collecting vessel, where it cools and eventually solidifies. A second manually operated piston can clean the sampling and discharge pipe to eliminate residues, and forms a reserve closing device. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1255742-B (IT)
Title: Operating device especially for transfer machines and the like
IPC: B23B/
Filed: 1992-05-19
Granted: 1995-11-15
Abstract: Operating device especially for transfer machines and the like, characterised in that it comprises offset means for a spindle arranged on an operating unit. The offset means have transmission kinematics between the spindle and a transmission shaft and they are connected to means of rotation which can be controlled by external control means and which rotate the offset means independently of the transmission shaft. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1269825-B (IT)
Title: Linea di bit incassata e cella di porta cilindrica,e relativo metodo di fabbricazione
Inventor: KIM HYOUNG-SUB
IPC: H01L21/76
Filed: 1994-05-24
Granted: 1997-04-15
Abstract: Si descrive un dispositivo a semiconduttore altamente integrato e un metodo per la sua fabbricazione. Detto dispositivo comprende una zona di isolamento a trincea allo scopo di definire una zona attiva in un substrato semiconduttore, una linea di bit su detto substrato in cui è realizzata la zona di isolamento a trincea, una cella di porta cilindrica formata da colonna di silicio. Una pellicola isolante di porta e una linea di porta circondano la colonna di silicio, e fra le linee di porta adiacenti vi è uno strato planarizzante. Uno strato isolante sulle linee di porta presenta un foro di contatto che espone la zona sorgente del transistor, che così si collega a un nodo di memorizzazione di condensatore. Detto dispositivo permette di utilizzare la massima area efficace attiva.
Patent IT-1274682-B (IT)
Title: Potentiometric system of elevated resolution
Inventor: ZANINELLI ETTORE
IPC: H01C/
Filed: 1994-07-29
Granted: 1997-07-24
Abstract: Potentiometric system for regulating voltage, comprising a potentiometer and one or more pairs of potentiometers connected together mechanically in each pair, the voltage being picked off between one of the two feed lines and the cursor acting on the individual potentiometer, the latter being intended for the fine regulation, while the potentiometers in a pair are intended for rough regulation. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1260020-B (IT)
Title: Dispositivo di tenuta tra pistone e cilindro, in particolare, di motori alternativi a combustione interna.
IPC: F02F/
Filed: 1992-11-20
Granted: 1996-03-28
Abstract: Il presente trovato concerne un dispositivo di tenuta tra pistone e cilindro, in particolare, di motori alternativi a combustione interna. Secondo il trovato, in un'unica cava o scanalatura circonferenziale (3) di uno stantuffo o pistone (1) vengono alloggiati più anelli elastici e segmenti (10, 11, 12) i quali sono reciprocamente e solidalmente vincolati alla rotazione rispetto all'asse del pistone (1) in modo che le aperture (23, 24, 25) dei singoli anelli elastici e segmenti (10, 11, 12) risultino collocate tra loro sfalsate.
Patent IT-1253859-B (IT)
Title: Machine for dispensing measured portions of fluid products onto fabrics, particularly for prewashing treatments
Inventor: VOLTAN VALERIO
IPC: D06L/
Filed: 1991-09-25
Granted: 1995-08-31
Abstract: The distinguishing feature of the machine is the fact that it comprises rotary means of dispensing detergent fluid onto garments in general, in which the means are functionally connected to at least one detergent fluid supply device. The rotary dispensing means and the supply device are supported, together with motor means, by a base. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1275060-B (IT)
Title: Process and device for feeding cellulose plants into plant for the separation of cellulose
Inventor: CAPPELLETTO PIETRO LUIGI
IPC: B31F/
Filed: 1994-10-27
Granted: 1997-07-30
Abstract: A process for feeding cellulose plants into plant for the separation of cellulose is provided. The plants are first compacted by means of a continuous press device and then continuously fed to the pressurized plant. A device for carrying out this process is also provided, and, in addition to a flange within which a feed opening is provided, this device comprises both an acceptance and a reception conformation having respective configurations which will first permit natural expansion of the compacted plant extrudate and subsequent expansion of the same following impregnation with water and the reagents present in the plant. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1270947-B (IT)
Title: Impianto di depurazione a fanghi attivi ad elevato rendimento completodi sedimentazione, flottazione e stabilizzazione dei fanghi.
Inventor: FORTUNATO VITTORIO
Filed: 1992-04-08
Granted: 1997-05-26
Abstract: Il processo di depurazione a fanghi attivi ampiamente studiato ed applicato nella depurazione degli scarichi civili ed industriali consente di metabolizzare le sostanze disciolte di natura organica con l'utilizzo di una fIora microbica areobica che viene fatta sviluppare con l'erogazione d'aria. L'impianto descritto consente nella stessa vasca operazioni diverse come la flottazione, l'areazione o processo a fanghi attivi, la sedimentazione della miscela areata e la stabilizzazione dei fanghi. In pratica con questo impianto si effettuano più operazioni nella stessa vasca con notevoli economie.
Patent IT-1261872-B (IT)
Title: Applicazione di ingranaggi facciali a trasmissioni per elicotteri.
Inventor: TOMASELLI LUIGI
IPC: B64C27/12
Filed: 1993-09-17
Granted: 1996-06-03
Abstract: Una scatola (1) di trasmissione per elicotteri presenta almeno un primo gruppo riduttore (8) atto a ricevere il moto da un relativo motore dell'elicottero, ed un secondo gruppo riduttore (9) collegato al primo gruppo riduttore (8) ed atto a trasmettere il moto ad un albero (4) di un rotore principale dell'elicottero stesso; entrambi i gruppi riduttori (8) (9) presentando un unico stadio di riduzione, e comprendendo, ciascuno, una coppia di ruote facciali (35, 36) (53, 54) fra loro coassiali ed affacciate, una sola delle quali è calettata su di un albero di uscita (50) (4) del relativo gruppo riduttore (8) (9), e due pignoni (31, 45) (52, 64, 65), di cui uno (31) (52) flottante di ingresso e l'altro (45) (64, 65) ad asse fisso, ingrananti, ciascuno, con entrambe le ruote facciali (35, 36) (53, 54).[Fig. 1].
Patent IT-1253597-B (IT)
Title: Motorcycle front suspension system
IPC: B62K/
Filed: 1991-11-11
Granted: 1995-08-22
Abstract: A front suspension and steering system for the front wheel 2 of a motorcycle employs a suspension swing arm 3 hinged to the frame 1, the end of which supports, via a ball joint 6, a hub carrier 7, the stability of which is ensured by two connecting swing arms 14, 15 between this hub carrier 7 and a steering column 12 that extends through the space between the wheel 2 and the frame 1. The steering column 12 is hinged to the frame 1 and is directly turned by the motorcycle handlebar 13. The motorcycle front end combines the advantages of a swing- arm suspension with those of a direct-action steering set- up. The pivoting masses are minimized and the geometrical parameters that determine the dynamic behaviour of the front end can be freely defined in a largely independent manner at the design stage. <IMAGE>