Patent GB-1058434-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing water-dispersible softener compositions and products produced thereby
IPC: C11D1/62
Filed: 1965-05-13
Abstract: A quaternary softener composition, in the form of a dry, free flowing powder which is readily dispersible in water, is prepared by forming a solution of a quaternary softener having a melting point of at least 90 DEG  F. in a volatile organic solvent, spraying controlled quantities of the solution on to a water-soluble particulate carrier while the carrier is being agitated, continuing the agitation until all the solution has been applied and the solvent evaporated to leave the individual particles of carrier coated with the softener, the particulate carrier remaining in substantially the same state of subdivision.  The carrier particles may be of a size such that at least 85% by weight thereof ranges from -20 to + 100 mesh (U.S. Standard Screen) and may be, for example, urea, sucrose, borax, sodium phosphate such as sodium tripolyphosphate or tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate or sodium sulphate.  The volatile organic solvent may be a lower alcohol, e.g. methanol, ethanol or isopropanol; a low-boiling hydrocarbon, e.g. petroleum ether; or a chlorinated hydrocarbon, e.g. perchloroethylene or 1,1-trichloroethane.  The carrier particles may be agitated in a blender or tumbler mixer. The evaporation of the solvent may be promoted by carrying out the spraying and mixing under a reduced pressure.  The quaternary softener may be of formula wherein <FORM:1058434/C2/1> wherein R1 and R2 represent straight chain hydrocarbon groups containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms, e.g. palmityl, oleyl, or stearyl, R3 represents a methyl or a -(CH2CH2O)nH group, where n is an integer from 5 to 60, A is a mono- or di-valent anion, e.g. chloride, acetate, sulphate, nitrate or phosphate, and p and y are 1 or 2 and balance the valence.  Preferred quaternary softeners are of formula <FORM:1058434/C2/2> or <FORM:1058434/C2/3> in which X is a monovalent ion and n is an integer from 15 to 20, or a mixture thereof containing, for example, from up to 2 parts by weight of the ethoxylated quaternary, e.g. the quaternized alkylene oxide adduct of dicocoamine or di(hydrogenated)tallow amine per part by weight of the non-ethoxylated quaternary, e.g. dimethyl di(hydrogenated)tallow quaternary ammonium chloride.  The coating solution may also contain other ingredients, e.g. brighteners, dyes and perfumes.  An effervescent softener tablet may be formulated with the softener in admixture with a suitable effervescent composition composed, in approximately equal stoichiometric properties, of at least one water-soluble carbonate salt, e.g. sodium bicarbonate, carbonate, sesquicarbonate, or mixtures thereof, and at least one watersoluble acidic substance such as an inorganic acid salt, e.g. sodium dioxygen phosphate, or acid pyrophosphate, or an organic acid, e.g. citric, tartaric or fumaric acid.ALSO:A quaternary softener composition, in the form of a dry, free flowing powder which is readily dispersible in water, is prepared by forming a solution of a quaternary softener having a melting point of at least 90 DEG  F. in a volatile organic solvent, spraying controlled quantities of the solution on to a water-soluble particulate carrier while the carrier is being agitated, continuing the agitation until all the solution has been applied and the solvent evaporated to leave the individual particles of carrier coated with the softener, the particulate carrier remaining in substantially the same state of subdivision.  The carrier particles may be of a size such that at least 85% by weight thereof ranges from -20 to +100 mesh (U.S. Standard Screen) and may be, for example, urea, sucrose, borax, sodium phosphate such as sodium tripolyphosphate or tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate or sodium sulphate. The volatile organic solvent may be a lower alcohol, e.g. methanol, ethanol or isopropanol; a low-boiling hydrocarbon, e.g. petroleum ether; or a chlorinated hydrocarbon, e.g. perchloroethylene or 1,1-trichloroethane.  The carrier particles may be agitated in a blender or tumbler mixer. The evaporation of the solvent may be promoted by carrying out the spraying and mixing under a reduced pressure.  The quaternary softener may be of formula <FORM:1058434/C1/1> wherein R1 and R2 represent straight chain hydrocarbon groups containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms, e.g. palmityl, oleyl, or stearyl, R3 represents a methyl or a -(CH2CH2O)nH group where n is an integer from 5 to 60, A is a mono- or di-valent anion, e.g. chloride, acetate, sulphate, nitrate or phosphate, and p and y are 1 or 2 and balance the valence.  Preferred quaternary softeners are of formula <FORM:1058434/C1/2> or <FORM:1058434/C1/3> in which X is a monovalent ion and n is an integer from 15 to 20, or a mixture thereof containing, for example, from up to 2 parts by weight of the ethoxylated quaternary, e.g. the quaternized alkylene oxide adduct of dicocoamine or di(hydrogenated)tallow amine per part by weight of the non-ethoxylated quaternary, e.g. dimethyl di(hydrogenated)tallow quaternary ammonium chloride. The coating solution may also contain other ingredients, e.g. brighteners, dyes and perfumes.  An effervescent softener tablet may be formulated with the softener in admixture with a suitable effervescent composition composed, in approximately equal stoichiometric properties, of at least one water-soluble carbonate salt, e.g. sodium bicarbonate, carbonate, sesquicarbonate, or mixtures thereof, and at least one water-soluble acidic substance such as an inorganic acid salt, e.g. sodium dioxygen phosphate, or acid pyrophosphate, or an organic acid, e.g. citric, tartaric or fumaric acid.ALSO:A quaternary softener composition, in the form of a dry, free-flowing powder which is readily dispersible in water, is prepared by forming a solution of a quaternary softener having a melting-point of at least 90 DEG F. in a volatile organic solvent, spraying controlled quantities of the solution on to a water-soluble particulate carrier while the carrier is being agitated, continuing the agitation until all the solution has been applied and the solvent evaporated to leave the individual particles of carrier coated with the softener, the particulate carrier remaining in substantially the same state of subdivision. The carrier particles may be of a size such that at least 85% by weight thereof ranges from - 20 to + 100 mesh (U.S. Standard Screen) and may be, for example, urea, sucrose, borax, sodium phosphate such as sodium tripolyphosphate or tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate or sodium sulphate.  The volatile organic solvent may be a lower alcohol, e.g. methanol, ethanol or isopropanol; a low-boiling hydrocarbon, e.g. petroleum ether; or a chlorinated hydrocarbon, e.g. perchloroethylene or 1,1-trichloroethane. The carrier particles may be agitated in a blender or tumbler mixer.  The evaporation of the solvent may be promoted by carrying out the spraying and mixing under a reduced pressure.  The quaternary softener may be of formula <FORM:1058434/C3/1> wherein R1 and R2 represent straight chain hydrocarbon groups containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms, e.g. palmityl, oleyl, or stearyl, n is an integer from 5 to 60, A is a mono- or di-valent anion, e.g. chloride, acetate, sulphate, nitrate or phosphate, and p and y are 1 or 2 and balance the valence.ALSO:A quaternary softener composition, in the form of a dry, free flowing powder which is readily dispersible in water, is prepared by forming a solution of a quaternary softener having a melting point of at least 90 DEG F. in a volatile organic solvent, spraying controlled quantities of the solution on to a water-soluble particulate carrier while the carrier is being agitated, continuing the agitation until all the solution has been applied and the solvent evaporated to leave the individual particles of carrier coated with the softener, the particulate carrier remaining in substantially the same state of subdivision.  The carrier particles may be of a size such that at least 85% by weight thereof ranges from -20 to +100 mesh (U.S. Standard Screen) and may be, for example, urea, sucrose, borax, sodium phosphate such as sodium tripolyphosphate or tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate or sodium sulphate.  The volatile organic solvent may be a lower alcohol, e.g. methanol, ethanol or isopropanol; a low-boiling hydrocarbon, e.g. petroleum ether; or a chlorinated hydrocarbon, e.g. perchloroethylene or 1,1-trichloroethane.  The carrier particles may be agitated in a blender or tumbler mixer. The evaporation of the solvent may be promoted by carrying out the spraying and mixing under a reduced pressure.  The quaternary softener may be of formula <FORM:1058434/B1-B2/1> wherein R1 and R2 represent straight chain hydrocarbon groups containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms e.g. palmityl, oleyl, or stearyl, R3 represents a methyl or a -(CH2CH2O)n H group where n is an integer from 5 to 60, A is a mono- or di-valent anion e.g. chloride, acetate, sulphate, nitrate or phosphate, and p and v are 1 or 2 and balance the valence.  Preferred quarternary softeners are of formula <FORM:1058434/B1-B2/2> or <FORM:1058434/B1-B2/3> in which X is a monovalent ion and n is an integer from 15 to 20, or a mixture thereof containing, for example, from up to 2 parts by weight of the ethoxylated quaternary e.g. the quaternized alkylene oxide adduct of dicocoamine or di(hydrogenated) tallow amine per part by weight of the non-ethoxylated quaternary e.g. dimethyl di(hydrogenated) tallow quaternary ammonium chloride. The coating solution may also contain other ingredients, e.g. brighteners, dyes and perfumes.  An effervescent softener tablet may be formulated with the softener in admixture with a suitable effervescent composition composed, in approximately equal stoichiometric properties, of at least one water-soluble carbonate salt, e.g. sodium bicarbonate, carbonate, sesquicarbonate, or mixtures thereof, and at least one water-sol