baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1355069-A (GB)
Title: Automatic equaliser systems for phase-modulated data signals
IPC: H04L27/01
Filed: 1971-06-04
Abstract: 1355069 Adaptive equalizers SIEMENS AG 4 June 1971 [4 June 1970] 19126/71 Heading In an adaptive equalizer for a phase modulated data transmission system the received signal is applied to an equalizer consisting of a number of filters 444, Fig. 4, whose outputs are connected to the inputs of an adder (40) via respective multiplier devices C o -C M . A computer, Fig. 6, is fed with the output of the adder, and with the signals at the outputs of all but one of the filter networks. The computer detects the errors in the output signal by sampling the instantaneous output signal Y k  at the instants which should be zero crossings in an ideal waveform. The errors are multiplied at 80, 81, 82 &c. by the signals X 1k , X 2k  &c., at the output of the filters and the resulting signal integrated, for each filter, to derive a correction signal C 1 , C 2 , C 3  &c. to adjust the respective multiplier device, C o  to C 2M+1 , interposed between that filter and the adder, in such a way as to tend to reduce the error to zero. The multiplier C n  on the remaining filter output is adjusted by an age circuit on the equalizer output. The filters may be a chain of series delay devices, providing a transversal equalizer of known form, or a chain of delay devices 444, Fig. 4, with 90 degree phase shifters 445, or Hilbert transform circuits, connected at the tappings with separate outputs being taken from the tappings and the phase shifters via respective multipliers C 0  to C 2M+1  to the adder 40. Sampling, in the computer, Fig. 6, of the output signal of the adder and the partial signals at the outputs of the filter network is controlled by waveform M to occur only at the possible instants at which the signal wave should be passing through zero. Switches 88 are arranged to feed the product signal to the integrators 89 only when the signal passes through zero in a time region adjacent a possible instant for the phase modulation system in use. In addition the switching is only operated in a time region in the middle of a modulation period so as to eliminate errors at the beginning and end of a modulation period. In order to provide a number of zero crossings on which the apparatus can function the incoming signal is preferably fre quency changed to a higher frequency range.
Patent GB-1215505-A (GB)
Title: Lead-through members
IPC: C03C27/02
Filed: 1968-04-23
Abstract: 1,215,505. Si and SiC whiskers. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. 23 April, 1968 [26 April, 1967], No. 19154/68. Heading CIA. [Also in Divisions B1, H1 and H2] In a method of manufacturing an electrical lead-through member (see Division H1) Si or SiC whiskers 3 are grown by a vapour-liquidsolid (VLS) mechanism. In Example 1, gold dots (Fig. 1, not shown) are applied to a silicon wafer substrate 1, which is then heated in a hydrogen atmosphere, so as to form droplets of gold-silicon alloy. SiCl 4  is added whereby silicon is first incorporated in the droplets and then epitaxially deposited, forming silicon whiskers capped with a gold nodule 4. In Example 2, silicon carbide patterned with iron dots forms the substrate, and the use with the hydrogen of methyl dichlorosilane containing AlCd 3  results in the formation of Al-doped SiC whiskers. The VLS mechanism is described in detail in transactions of the Metallurgical Society of A.I.M.E. 233, 1965, 1053-1064.
Patent GB-408480-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrically operated acoustic signalling apparatus
IPC: G08B3/10
Filed: 1933-07-06
Abstract: 408,480. Audible signalling apparatus. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP MACHINERIEEN - EN - APPARATEN FABRIEKEN, 30, Croeselaan, Utrecht, Holland. July 6, 1933, No. 19184. Convention date, July 23, 1932. [Class 118 (ii).] In an acoustic signalling system employing a polarized electromagnetic sound emitter which is operated by alternating current, the undirectional current required for polarization is derived from a source of alternating current through a rectifier and the currents are superposed in such a manner that the minimum resulting value of the current is approximately at but not less than zero. Fig. 2 shows an arrangement wherein the winding of the emitter S acts both as a polarizing and operating winding. The rectifier bridge R is supplied by a transformer T and the arrangement is such that pulsating and unidirectional current flows in the rectifier circuit, the minimum value of the current being approximately zero. The value of the current may be adjusted by a regulating resistance in circuit with the emitter. In a modification the rectifier is supplied by a current transformer instead of a potential transformer. Both transformer arrangements permit variations in the direct current component which are proportional to variations in the A.C. component. In a further modification one supply lead is connected to the centre point of the transformer secondary the end leads of which are connected through rectifiers to the corresponding supply lead of the sound emitter. The emitter circuit may be tuned by a condenser. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes also an arrangement wherein the sound emitter has two windings one supplied from an A.C. source and the other supplied with direct current derived from the source through a rectifier. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1037305-A (GB)
Title: Side delivery rake
IPC: A01D78/00
Filed: 1963-05-15
Abstract: 1,037,305. Haymaking machines. MASSEY-FERGUSON Inc. May 15, 1963 [May 25, 1962], No. 19192/63. Heading A1F. In a rotary-reel type of haymaking machine the reel 24 is mounted on a sub-frame 14 connected to the main frame 12 by bell-crank levers 40, 42 which are also connected to the ground-wheels 50 and to lifting gear 70 76 on the main frame, the arrangement being that the main and sub-frames are movable simultaneously relative to each other and to the ground-wheels. The main frame 12 is Y-shaped in plan, the main members 16, 18 being interconnected by struts 20, 22 and having downwardly-pendant ends which carry bearings for the bell-cranks 40, 42. The bell-cranks are pivoted to the wheel-axles 52 and to points 56 on the parallelogram-shaped sub-frame 14 which carries the reel. Spring-cushioned supportrods 60 connect the bell-cranks with arms 70 on a torque-rod 72 rotatable on the main frame by a turn-buckle 76. The rods 60 are adjustable by members 74. The ground-wheels drive the reel through gearing 32, shafts 44 and chain-drives 110, 112, the shafts 44 being interconnected by a jointed shaft 116 and a differential clutch (Fig. 3, not shown) which enables either wheel to drive the reel independently of the other. For transport, one of the rods 60 can be latched in the raised position.
Patent GB-185286-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in instruments for measuring the internal circumferences of tyres and like rings
IPC: G01B3/12
Filed: 1921-07-16
Abstract: 185,286. Barr & Stroud, Ltd., Barr, A., Stroud, W., and Bond, W. de la R. July 16, 1921. Dials. - In an apparatus of the measuring- wheel type, adapted for use in determining the internal circumference of rings such as steel tyres and the like, a heavy base A carries a central shaft 2, about which turns a sleeve 3 carrying an arm B provided with a swivelling joint. On the further side of this joint is another arm C carrying the measuring-wheel D. A spring 8 tends to increase the angle between the two arms, thus pressing the wheel against the object to be measured. The measuring-wheel D, is mounted within a casing 9 and is geared to the small index dial E seen through the window 11 in the casing 9. The wheel D is turned until the zero on the dial E is opposite the index mark 12, it is then put in contact with the tyre F which is to be measured, the zero of the wheel D being placed opposite a mark 13 on the tyre. The case 9 is then given one complete revolution about the central axis 2 in the direction of the arrow, and the readings of the dial E and wheel D indicate the size of the tyre. The wheel D may be marked with the standard tyre sizes with broad markings or extra marks to indicate the allowable tolerance.
Patent GB-691749-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the operation of gates or like structures
IPC: E05F1/02
Filed: 1950-08-02
Abstract: 691,749. Automatic catches; gate-operating appliances; stops and holders for doors; hinges. ROBERTS, J. Aug. 1, 1951 [Aug. 2, 1950,] No. 19263/50. Classes 44, 65 (i) and 65 (ii) Means for remotely operating a hinged gate by tilting its pivotal axis from one to the other side of the vertical comprise four interconnected members arranged in pairs on opposite sides of the closed gate, one member of each pair being raised while the other is depressed, the depression of a raised member effecting raising of a depressed member. A gate 11 has an upper pivot 19 hung from a bracket 21 secured to a gatepost 14, and a lower pivot 20 journalled in a yoke 17c connected to operating rods 17a, 17b. Pivot 20 carries a roller 22 disposed in a slotted guide 23 secured to the gatepost and arranged at 45 degrees to the line of the roadway 10. As shown, the roller is at one end of the slot and the gate is biased to the closed position. Movement of the rods to the left carries the roller to the other end of the slot to bias the gate to the open position. Each rod is connected at its end remote from the gate to a lever 33, the levers being secured respectively to rotatable shafts 18a and 18b disposed in transverse channels in the roadway. Shaft 18a interconnects hinged road pads 16a, 16c and shaft 18b similar pads 16b, 16d. The arrangement is such that, when the gate is closed, pads 16a, 16d are raised above the road surface and pads 16b, 16c are depressed. A vehicle then approaching the gate from either side and depressing pad 16a .or 16d causes the shafts 18a, 18b to rotate in an anti-clockwise manner to effect movement of the rods 17a, 17b to open the gate and also to raise the pads 16b and 16c. When the vehicle subsequently traverses pads 16b or 16c the process is reversed and the gate closes. The rods are notched for engagement with a spring-loaded ball mounted in a bearing 25 for retaining the pads temporarily in their raised or depressed position. It is stated that the pads may be connected to the lower pivot by a hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical linkage. The gate is fastened automatically in the open position to a latch post 15a, and in the closed position to the other gate post. The latch means comprise a catch 28 pivoted on a plate 29 secured to the post, the catch being biassed by a spring 30 and being adapted to receive a latch bar fitted to the gate. While engaging the catch, the bar stresses a cushioning spring 32 which subsequently serves to impart initial impetus to the gate when the latter is lifted out of engagement with the catch by the transverse movement of its lower pivot.
Patent GB-345898-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pouring ladles
IPC: B22D41/00
Filed: 1930-06-25
Abstract: 345,898. Ladles. COLLYER, W. T., Middlemore Road, Handsworth, Birming- ham. June 25, 1930, No. 19314. [Class 82 (i).] A ladle for molten materials, particularly applicable for use in making aluminium and magnesium castings, is provided with means, such as a projecting scraper 4, for scraping the surface of the molten material to remove scum, oxide, &c. before the material is allowed to enter the ladle. The scraper may be at a position not exactly opposite the spout, and may be slightly downturned. The invention may be applied to a ladle as described in Specification 333,384, [Class 82 (i), Metals, Extracting &c.], having an L-shaped internal partition 5, 6.
Patent GB-643136-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of higher alcohols
IPC: C07C29/06
Filed: 1948-07-20
Abstract: Higher alcohols are obtained by treating alkenes having six or more carbon atoms in the molecule with strong sulphuric acid and partially hydrolysing the reaction product in a first stage yielding a sulphuric acid solution of 35-45 per cent concentration, removing the acid, and completing the hydrolysis of the product in a subsequent stage or stages to give a sulphuric acid solution of 5-15 per cent concentration, the duration and conditions of each stage being controlled to avoid substantial dehydration of the alcohol. Unreacted acid may be removed before hydrolysis by treatment with a small quantity of water as in Specification 510,637.  The first hydrolysis is preferably at 100 DEG  C. for half-an-hour when the reaction product is cooled and hydrolysed at 100 DEG  C. for half to one hour.  The dilute acid from the final stage may be used for the initial hydrolysis, acid from this latter stage being reconcentrated for use in the sulphation. In an example a cracked distillate consisting of 45 per cent hexene, 45 per cent heptene and 10 per cent paraffins is sulphated continuously at 20 DEG  C. with 90 per cent sulphuric acid, the reaction product is diluted with second stage dilute acid so that on hydrolysis for half-an-hour at 100 DEG  C. with intensive stirring and on cooling and stratifying, the acid layer which is run off is of 40.5 per cent strength, the residue is mixed with water and hydrolysed for about half-an-hour at 100 DEG  C. to give on cooling and treating as in the first stage an acid of strength 11.5 per cent and a product which is purified by fractionation in vacuo after removal of free acid, acid alkyl sulphates and alkyl sulphate by washing with water and treatment with caustic soda solution.
Patent GB-422204-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to reverse current relays
IPC: H02H3/18
Filed: 1933-07-10
Abstract: 422,204. Electromagnetic switches. WEST & CO., Ltd., A., and PADDOCK, W. J., Lewes Road, Brighton, Sussex. July 10, 1933, No. 19482. [Class 38 (v)] In a reverse-current-operated electromagnetic relay the movement of the moving contact is effected by means of a moving coil located in a gap between fixed poles arranged inside and outside the turns of said coil, the said coil being mounted on a core of magnetic-material. As shown, the fixed current winding 2 surrounds a core 6 terminating at its upper end in an enlarged cylindrical polepiece 4, the lower end being secured to a U-shaped magnetic yoke 7. The yoke 7 is formed at its upper end with an annular polepiece 5 so that an annular air gap is formed between this and the central pole 4. In this gap is disposed a voltage winding 3 wound on an inverted " pill-box " shaped former 8 of magnetic material connected by a rod 10 to the movable contact member 1, current being led to the voltage coil through flexible leads. The weight of the moving member is counterbalanced by a spring 13 and it is guided on pins 9 so that on reversal of current in the controlled circuit the coil 3 is raised by the interaction between the current therein and the flux across the air gap. The bridging contacts become disengaged from a lower pair of fixed contacts and engage an upper pair. If the current in coil 2 ceases while the coil is in the raised position the action of the current flowing in the voltage coil alone is sufficient to return the coil automatically to the lower position. As the former 8 carrying the moving coil is of soft iron the relay is sensitive to a lower value of reverse current and the energy required to return the device to normal is smaller than would be the case if a non-magnetic former were employed.
Patent GB-1173100-A (GB)
Title: Pigment Dyes of the Perinone Series
IPC: C07D519/00
Filed: 1968-04-26
Abstract: 1,173,100. Perinone dyestuffs. BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK A.G. 26 April, 1968 [27 April, 1967], No. 19821/68. Heading C4P. The invention comprises compounds of the formula where A and B are optionally substituted orthophenylene or peri-naphthylene radicals. The compounds are prepared by reacting 3,3<SP>1</SP>,4,4<SP>1</SP>- benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid or an acid derivative thereof with a diamine of the formula H 2 N-A-NH 2  and/or a diamine of the formula H 2 N-B-NH 2 .
Patent GB-1323645-A (GB)
Title: Weighing apparatus
IPC: G01G3/02
Filed: 1971-06-10
Abstract: 1323645 Adjustable dampers C JOHNSON 10 June 1971 [22 Sept 1970] 19822/71 Heading F2S [Also in Division G1] A damping device comprises a piston 202 movable in a chamber of liquid 204, the liquid above the piston being connected to the liquid below the piston by a duct (not shown) incorporating an adjustable valve 214.
Patent GB-260686-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the removal of tar acids from ammonia liquor and other liquors
IPC: C07C37/86
Filed: 1925-08-07
Abstract: 260,686. Robinson, H. W., and Parkes, D. W. Aug. 7, 1925. Drawings to Specification. Ammoniacal liquor, treating. - Ammoniacal liquor is treated with activated charcoal for the removal of tar acids. The liquor is saturated with carbon dioxide, the precipitated solids are allowed to settle, and the clear liquor is then agitated with the charcoal.
Patent GB-1155546-A (GB)
Title: Electrophotographic Process for Producing Negative Transparencies or Translucencies
IPC: G03G13/22
Filed: 1967-05-01
Abstract: 1,155,546. Electro-photographic process. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. May 1, 1967 [May 5, 1966], No. 19931/67. Heading G2H. [Also in Division H1] A negative transparency or translucency is made by forming an electrostatic charge image on a transparent or translucent photo-sensitive material which has a photo-conductive insulating layer and which is also capable of being made coloured or more opaque by treatment with an agent or radiation, developing the electrostatic charge image with a transparent or translucent barrier material and subjecting the developed photo-sensitive material to treatment with the said agent or radiation so that the areas not protected by the barrier material are made coloured or more opaque. The photo-sensitive materials specified contain a layer having an organic photoconductor and comprise (i) those containing as a separate layer or dispersed in the photo-conductive layer (a) a diazo compound and an azo coupler or a diazo compound alone which become coloured on treatment respectively with ammonia gas or an alkaline solution containing an azo coupler, the barrier material used being an alkali-absorbing material, or (b) a light-sensitive composition, such as an aryl amine-halohydro-carbon composition or a triarylmethane-dye cyanide, which becomes coloured on exposure to ultraviolet radiation, or a diazo compound which gives a vesicular image on exposure to ultraviolet followed by a heat treatment, the barrier material used being an ultraviolet absorbing material; and (ii) those in which the photoconductor or the binder therefor is a polymer containing dye-absorbing groups which can be dyed on treatment with a dye solution, the barrier material used being a non-dye-absorbing material. Lists of suitable diazo compounds, azo couplers, light-sensitive compositions and dye solutions are given. Polymer dye-absorbing binders specified are polyvinyl formal and polyvinyl butyral. The photo-conductive layer may have a NESA glass support or a polyethylene terephthalate support coated with a transparent aluminium or copper layer. Barrier materials used to develop the electrostatic charge image comprise, as alkali-absorbing materials, stearic acid, phenylacetic acid, malonic acid, glycolic acid and saturated fatty acids of m.p. above 43 C.; as ultraviolet-absorbing materials, e.g. 2:2'-dihydroxy-4:4'-dimethoxy benzophenone, phenyl salicylate and various hydroxybenzophenones, resorcinols, salicylates and nitro aromatic compounds; and as non-dye-absorbing materials, polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene. The barrier material may be ground and dispersed with glass beads or ferromagnetic particles, or dispersed in a dielectric liquid or may be dissolved and the solution dispersed in a dielectric liquid. The photo-conductor layers described in the examples are polyvinyl carbozole containing 3:5-dinitrobenzoic acid with or without Malachite Green oxalate, and polyvinyl formal containing 1:3:5-triphenylpyrazoline and 3:5 dinitrobenzoic acid.
Patent GB-492076-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pressure actuated lifts with load balancing devices
IPC: B66F7/18
Filed: 1937-07-19
Abstract: 492,076. Platform lifts. KONIG, W. July 19, 1937, No. 19938. Convention date, July 29, 1936. [Class 78 (iii)] In a fluid-pressure actuated platform lift, e.g. for vehicles, provided with means for balancing the load over the lifting ram or rams prior to raising, the ram or rams are disengaged from the load during the balancing operation. In Fig. 2 a lifting ram 14 has longitudinal bars 17, 18 for engaging under the axles of a vehicle. On either side of the bars, and separate therefrom, are runways 1, 2 connected together at their ends and pivoted in bearings 3, 4 adjacent the centre of the ram. The vehicle is adjusted in position on the runways 1, 2 until a balance is obtained, and the ram and bars 17, 18 then elevated to raise the vehicle. Alternatively, a single runway engaging the wheels of the vehicle on one side only may be employed. To facilitate balancing, electric lamps controlled by contacts at either end of the runways may be provided. In Fig. 4, the balancing runways 1 are pivoted in open bearings 3 and serve to lift the vehicle when balanced, the bars 17, 18 being dispensed with. The ram 22 has a supporting platform 27 at its upper end initially below and disengaged from the runways. When the vehicle is balanced, the ram 22 is elevated and raises the runways supporting the vehicle out of the bearings 3.
Patent GB-422786-A (GB)
Title: Method of and appliances for permanently waving or curling hair
IPC: A45D4/10
Filed: 1933-07-14
Abstract: 422,786. Hair waving appliances. KOHLER, F., 3, Blumenstrasse, Leipsic, Germany. July 14, 1933, No. 19961. [Class 131] Hair is permanently waved or curled by laying in waves or curls, treating with superheated steam, and then treating with hot air at a temperature above 100‹ C. Apparatus for carrying out the process comprises a two-part casing a adapted to contain the tress which is either (1) wound on a mandrel or (2) laid on a corrugated perforated sheet metal member d and pressed into waves by semicylindrical perforated members e secured to the member d by lugs e<1>, the end of the tress being wound in a rod d<1> inserted in the turned over end d<2> of the member d. The casing is provided with an inlet c and an outlet b for the superheated steam and hot air, and with an electric heater a<1>. To prevent burning of the scalp, a layer of insulating material h and a conduit g for cold air are provided at the bottom of the casing.
Patent GB-1106413-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of hexachlorodibenzyl
IPC: C07C17/358
Filed: 1966-05-06
Abstract: Hexachlorobibenzyl of formula <FORM:1106413/C2/1> is prepared by heating a solution of chlorinated DDT in an inert solvent and in presence of a Lewis acid, at 100-150 DEG C.