baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-795716-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a process for the production of shaped articles of cellulose acetate by extrusion into an aqueous coagulating bath
IPC: D01F2/28
Filed: 1956-05-14
Abstract: Filaments, films and like products are made by extruding a solution of cellulose acetate in acetic acid into an aqueous coagulating bath, washing the resultant products, treating them with water vapour at super-atmospheric pressure and at over 100 DEG  C., and drying them. The treatment temperature may be up to 200 DEG  C. or over and the treatment may be continuous or discontinuous. During the treatment the products may be allowed to shrink freely, held under tension to avoid shrinkage, or stretched.  The solution of cellulose acetate in acetic acid may be obtained directly from the acetylation reaction and may be submitted before extrusion to one or more known treatments such as stabilization, hydrolysis, neutralization of the catalyst or filtration.  In an example, a 13 per cent solution in acetic acid of cellulose acetate of acetyl value 60.5 per cent, which has been obtained directly by the acetylation of cellulose in the presence of sulphuric acid as catalyst, is extruded into an aqueous coagulating bath containing 25 per cent of acetic acid, the catalyst having previously been neutralized and the solution filtered.  The resulting thread is stretched after leaving the coagulating bath, washed in counter-current with water at room temperature and mangled to reduce its water content to 400 parts per 100 parts of dry cellulose acetate.  Skeins of the thread are treated with water vapour at 135 DEG , 160 DEG  and 160 DEG  C. at 2, 5 and 5 kg./sq. cm. pressure for 2, 2, and 5 minutes respectively.  The effect of the treatment is to reduce the water content of the thread and thus facilitate the subsequent drying operation.  The safe ironing temperature of the thread is also increased.
Patent GB-307662-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cables
IPC: H01B7/00
Filed: 1928-05-22
Abstract: 307,662. Kalin, F., and Vacha, K. D. May 22, 1928. Flexible tubes.-An armoured cable for use in connecting divers or submarine vessels such as diving bells with the surface comprises air-lines a, preferably of flexible metal tubing, surrounded by insulated electric signalling conductors b. Power conductors c surround the conductors b, and the cable is completed by steel wire armour d which is twisted to form a, protective sheath and also to take a heavy pull.
Patent GB-369465-A (GB)
Title: A milk cooling plant equipped with refrigerating machine, cold accumulator and milk cooler
IPC: A01J9/04
Filed: 1931-05-21
Abstract: 369,465. Refrigerating ; cooling milk. BROWN, BOVERI, ET CIE, AKT.-GES., Kõfertal, Mannheim, Germany. May 21, 1931, No. 15013. Convention date, Nov. 20, 1930. Addition to 285,003, [Class 29, Cooling &c.]. [Class 29.] In order to avoid over-cooling of milk &c. in the cooler i by brine from the cold accumulator c of the parent Specification, a pipe connection m with a valve n is provided between the brine return pipe f and the brine supply pipe g of the cooler, whereby some of the used brine may be mixed with the very cold brine to modify its temperature. The pump k may draw brine through a pipe b<1> from the cooling-tank b, and the pipe h from the cold accumulator to the pump may be omitted. The valve n may be adjusted automatically.
Patent GB-369073-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in curtain suspending devices
IPC: A47H15/02
Filed: 1931-05-21
Abstract: 369,073. Suspending curtains. SCHMIDT, J. P., Dorfmiihle, Remscheid, Germany. May 21, 1931, No. 15034. [Class 52 (v).] Curtain rails r are supported in spaced relationship from a plate a provided with a number of offset tongues k distributed over the surface of the plate which is secured to the ceiling &c. A plate may be shaped as shown in Fig. 6 and provided with strengthening ribs h.
Patent GB-552752-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to collapsible tents
IPC: E04H15/36
Filed: 1941-11-22
Abstract: 552,752. Awnings. SMITH & CO. (LONDON E.), Ltd., J., SMITH, J. J.; and BROWN, F. A. Nov. 22, 1941, No. 15053. [Class 20 (i)] A collapsable tent which, when erected, can be moved bodily, is formed of tubular ribs each curved at its end, two ribs 2 being joined in spaced relation by removable tubular rods 6 at intervals of their lengths, and at their upper ends, by a fixed tube 3 to form a unitary framework which is covered with flexible material by seams through which the ribs pass as described in Specification 309,325, [Class 20 (i)]. Opposed halfarches are joined together by straps secured to one of the fixed tubes by a screwed pin which passes through apertures in the tubes, and so secured to the strap and one tube by nuts. The tubes 6 are provided with channel fittings 8 at their ends to abut on the ribs, and screw-ended rods 7 pass through the tubes and are fitted with nuts on the outsides of further channel fittings 9. The tubes 3 have welded to their ends socket members 4 with spigots 5 which enter the ends of the ribs 2 and are welded therein. Opposed frames are joined at their upper ends by straps 11 fixed by bolts 13 to an upper tube 3, these bolts having stems 12 which pass through registering apertures in the adjacent tubes 3 and locate them, and at their lower ends by spacers 22 having end hooks to engage the spacers 6. The structure may be lengthened by using further unit frames and the ribs of adjoining frames may be strapped together by further straps 11, with spigots 34 disposed between the adjacent ends of the fixed tubes 3, the exterior channels 9 on the adjacent ribs interfitting as shown in Fig. 5.
Patent GB-487316-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to internal shoe brakes
IPC: F16D51/48
Filed: 1936-12-21
Abstract: 487,316. Internal shoe brakes. AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS CO., Ltd., HAYES, C., and CHOUINGS, L. C. Dec. 21, 1936, No. 15114/38. Divided out of 487,252. [Class 103 (i)] The invention described in Specification 487,252, is shown applied to an internal shoe brake of the self-energizing type. The shoes are adapted to apply one another by means of an adjuster 53 connecting their lower ends. The upper ends are operated by a hydraulic cylinder 34 and anchor on anchors 40 by means of V-shaped notches having sliding surfaces 37a which engage the flat sides of intermediate members 38 rotatable on the anchors. Specification 311,015, [Class 103 (i)], also is referred to.
Patent GB-328469-A (GB)
Title: Trigger apparatus for the single and continuous fire of automatic firearms
IPC: F41A19/33
Filed: 1929-05-15
Abstract: 328,469. Rheinische, Metallwaarenund Maschinenfabrik. Nov. 9, 1928, [Convention date]. Machine guns.-An automatic gun is provided with two triggers, one d' for single fire and one d<2> for continuous fire, arranged one over the other in the same or parallel planes. The sear a is released by the rod h and block 9 by pulling the trigger d<1> as far as permitted by the stop f<2> on the trigger d<2> and trigger-guard c<1>. The breech mechanism b depresses the block g before firing and by overlapping of the recessed ends g<1>, h<1>, the sear is allowed to re-engage the breech mechanism after firing, single firing being repeated by releasing and pulling the trigger. By pulling the trigger d<2>, however, the stop f<2>, Fig. 4, clears the shoulder on the trigger-guard and the extra movement given to the rod h prevents re-engagement of the sear and breech mechanism, so that firing continues automatically till the trigger is released. The trigger d<2> is pivoted in the trigger d<1> and the usual return springs are provided.
Patent GB-981724-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to thermographic copying
IPC: B41M5/382
Filed: 1961-04-28
Abstract: 981,724. Thermographic copying. COLUMBIA RIBBON & CARBON MANUFACTURING CO. Inc. April 28, 1961 [April 28, 1960], No. 15430/61. Drawings to Specification. Heading G2C. An original sheet bearing infra-red absorbing images is copied on a copy sheet having a coloured foundation masked by a substantially opaque coating which becomes transparent when impregnated with melted wax, by superposing the original sheet, a donor layer comprising a heat-meltable wax, and the copy sheet with the wax and opaque coating in contact, and applying infra-red radiation for a time sufficient to melt the wax in the image areas of the original. The wax layer may be applied to a separate support or it may be coated over the opaque coating of the copy sheet which may comprise a dispersion of calcium carbonate in a binder such as sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin or gum arabic. Instead of coating the wax on the opaque layer a donor sheet may be secured along one margin to the copy sheet and removed after exposure. The wax layer may be any of a large number of animal vegetable or synthetic waxes but must be such that pressure does not effect imaging on the copy sheet, and to this end appreciable amounts of oils and semi-solid materials such as lanolin, petrolatum or hydrogenated vegetable oils should not be included with the wax, although with high melting point waxes may be employed minor amounts may be included to lower the melting point.
Patent GB-1037553-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of manufacturing electrical resistors
IPC: H01C7/00
Filed: 1963-04-19
Abstract: A method of manufacturing a resistor comprises depositing by vacuum evaporation or cathode sputtering a layer of a refractory metal (e.g. Ta, W, Re or Ti) on the surface of an electrically insulating substrate (e.g. of glass or ceramic) and thereafter filling fissure at the grain boundaries of the refractory metal layer by heating (e.g. in a vacuum oven at 500 DEG C.) the refractory metal layer and diffusing a further metal (e.g. Au, Ag, Pt or Pd) into the fissures, the amount of further metal being enough to substantially fill the fissures but less than an amount which would leave a layer of further metal on the surface of the refractory metal layer after the fissures have been filled.  The resistor may subsequently be heated at 250 DEG C.in air to stabilize the resistance.  The layers of refractory metal R and diffusing metal D may be deposited on the substrate in the order (a) R, D, (b) R, D, R, (c) D, R or (d) a homogeneous layer of R and D may be deposited from a source which is a mixture of the required metals. In (c) a bismuth oxide coating may be used between the substrate and diffusing metal to ensure good adhesion.
Patent GB-846745-A (GB)
Title: Ink ribbon for electric typewriters
IPC: B41J31/00
Filed: 1957-05-15
Abstract: 846,745. Carbon paper ribbon. ETABLISSEMENT CONSULTING. May 15, 1957 [May 24, 1956], No. 15457/57. Class 96. [Also in Group XVI] Carbon paper, used as an ink-ribbon, is provided on one side with a reinforcing coating or impregnation having a thickness such that 5 gms. of the coating covers one square metre of paper, the coating being a mixture of synthetic resin, a plain pigment or metallic pigment and a softening agent whose proportion is not less than 10% by weight of the synthetic resin. The ribbon may be applied with an advising stripe to indicate that the ribbon is nearly spent.
Patent GB-319625-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to variable gearing
IPC: F16H61/02
Filed: 1928-05-25
Abstract: 319,625. Rydberg, T. A. T. May 25, 1928. Variable-speed gearing suitable for vehicles comprises a continuouslyvariable planetary toothed arrangement with spiral teeth 43, Figs. 1 and 3, engaged by a driving pinion 41 moved automatically by a torque helix 56. Alternatively, the arrangement with many small steps shown in Fig. 10 may be used. The spiral teeth 43 are formed on two or more cones such as 42, or discs, so that one of them is always in full mesh with pinion 41. The planetary cones &c. 42 are supported in a loose drum 47 which is normally held fast by a band brake 52 re - leasable to disconnect the drive. The driving torque acts so that helix 56 moves against springs 59, 60 to traverse shaft 46 axially and so change the speed automatically, the cones 42 being constantly geared at 48 to driven shaft 50. In the extreme position of shaft 46 to the left, a clutch head 77 upon it engages clutch teeth on shaft 50, effecting a direct drive, the brake 52 being automatically released. Alternative operation at will is effected by a foot lever 81. In the modified construction of planetary cone shown in Fig. 10, there are stepped complete gear discs 29 alternately fixed to cone shaft 30 and frictionally gripped to facilitate the passage of pinion 41 in changing speed. Shaft couplings.-Between the engine flywheel 45 and the nut 87 of helix 56 is a resilient coupling comprising tangent springs 90, Fig. 1, between projections respectively upon an outer ring 89 and an inner ring 88. The ring 88 is connected to a concentric flange on the nut 87 by rubber discs 85 bolted one on each side.
Patent GB-690377-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric valve control circuits
IPC: B23K11/24
Filed: 1948-06-09
Abstract: 690,377. Thermionic switching control systems. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. June 9, 1948 [June 10, 1947], No. 15572/48. Class 38 (iv). A controlling arrangement for valves 38, 45, particularly for controlling the firing tubes 13, 14 of ignitrons 8, 9 through which a resistancewelding transformer 6 is intermittently supplied, comprises transformers 62 for impressing on the grids of the valves, through resistors 60, an adjustably-phased " turn-on " voltage, and controlled rectifiers 58 through which, when conducting, a " hold-off " voltage in phase opposition to that of the anode-cathode voltage of the valves is impressed on the grids from a transformer 37 which also supplies the anodes of the valves. The arrangement is such that the rectifiers are normally conducting, so that the instantaneous grid voltage of valves 38, 45 corresponds to whichever is the more negative of the " turn-on " and " hold-off " voltages. The valves are, therefore, normally non- conducting, but can be caused to fire under the control of transformers 62 upon application of hold-off bias to the rectifiers by further transformers 79, 80. In the welding control system shown, closure of push-button 142 causes conduction of a thyratron 100 having an inductive anode load 103 which causes a leading " turnon " tube 90 to conduct an odd number of halfcycles later, the number depending upon the discharge time constant of a condenser 107 previously charged over load 103, resistor 108, voltage stabilizer tube 112 and rectifier 113. Conduction of tube 90 energizes transformer 79, thereby blocking the lower rectifier 58 and causing valve 38 to fire under the control of transformer 62. Transformer 24, in the anode circuit of valve 38 consequently reverses the phase of its secondary voltage and brings about conduction of tube 14 and ignitron 9. A previously non-conducting tube 92 trails conduction of tube 90, due to the inductive anode load of the latter, whereupon transformer 80 becomes energized to block the upper rectifier 58 and bring about conduction of ignitron 8 in a manner similar to that by which ignitron 9 was caused to fire. A tuning circuit, including a condenser 131 and similar to that associated with condenser 107, causes conduction of a further tube 124 an odd number of half-cycles after conduction of tube 94, whereupon a transformer 128 in the anode circuit of tube 124 injects a " turn-off voltage into the control circuit of tube 100. By this arrangement the welding transformer is intermittently energized for periods of at least two cycles separated by periods of at least similar length. To obtain periods of one cycle " on " and one cycle " off " switch 145 is closed and switch 134 opened, whereby tube 90 now controls the " turn-off , " transformer 128 and tube 124 never becomes conducting. In a modified arrangement a combination of inductors and resistors replace the transformers 79, 80. Specifications 659,996 and 670,584 are referred to.
Patent GB-543324-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in dynamo-electric machines
IPC: H02K23/46
Filed: 1940-10-23
Abstract: 543,324. Dynamo-electric machines. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Oct. 23, 1940, No. 15576. Convention date, Oct. 25, 1939. [Class 35]  Relates to direct current commutator type machines of the kind which utilize armature reaction as the main source of excitation. The magnetic field structure is modified by a magnetic shunt substantially saturated by residual magnetism of the magnetic field structure arranged between adjacent pole pieces of different sign. Preferably, also, a non-magnetic element is included in the magnetic circuit of the field structure to provide an effective gap to increase its reluctance. The usual short-circuiting brushes 11, 12 are arranged between pole pieces 19, 20 and 21, 22 respectively forming primary poles of the same sign, and the load brushes 14, 15  between the pole pieces of different sign. The latter are each bridged by a shunt 24, 25 of magnetic material, proportioned so as to be substantially saturated by the residual magnetism of the stationary member. Non-magnetic shim elements 23 are inserted between each of the pole pieces on the frame 18. The open circuit voltage may be further controlled by a field exciting winding 26.
Patent GB-529795-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dish washing machines
IPC: A47L15/20
Filed: 1939-05-26
Abstract: 529,795. Dish washing machine. BOLINDER'S FABRIKS AKTIEBOLAG, and BILDE, T. E. D. May 26, 1939, No. 15763. [Class 138 (i)] An electrically operated dish washing machine, Fig. 1, has the switch for the motor operatively connected with the lid displacing mechanism so that the switch is locked in the " off " position when the lid is slightly opened for insertion of the hand and lid displacing mechanism is locked in an actuated position when lid is closed and switch is on. Fig. 2 shows lid 16 closed. For use, handle 71 is turned counter-clockwise causing the lid 16 to be opened slightly, Fig. 1, so that it can be grasped by hand. No actuation of a support 52 is caused, a pin 56 only sliding in slot 57 in bracket 58. When lid is fully opened, a link 55 raises support 52 along rails 50 until arm 62 rests on stop 64. Support 52 is then flush with top of drainboard 11, whereby a basket 53 of dishes may be pushed thereon. A pin 52a lies at one side of arm 84 preventing return of handle 71. When the handle 71 is turned a piston 78 is pressed out of engagement with recess 75 on disc 73 and into tube 77 compressing spring 82. A shoulder 78a on piston 78 displaces loose tube 77 into engagement with shoulder 79a on piston 79 causing pistons 78, 79 and tube 77 to form a rigid lock for disc 74. Consequently in this position of handle 71 when lid is open handle 72 cannot be actuated and motor is locked switched off. The first part of the following closing movement of the lid 16 causes link 55, Fig. 1, to push arm 62 from stop 64 causing no movement of support 52 on account of pin and slot 59, 60. When lid rests on abutments 61 it is not fully closed as arm 84 is no longer locked by pin 52a handle 71 can be returned into starting position causing arm 84 to be swung downwardly so lid may be fully closed. Return of handle 71 causes re-engagement of piston 78, Fig. 4, with recess 75 in disc 73 whereby handle 72 is unlocked. Handle 72 is now turned. Either valve 26 or 29, Fig. 2, is opened and the other valve is closed. In both cases the motor is switched on so that in the former case dishes are washed by liquid sucked by pump 23 from tank 20 and forced out through spray pipe 36. In the latter case the dishes are rinsed by liquid sucked by pump 24, from tank 21 and forced out through spray pipe 38, Fig. 1. When handle 72 is turned piston 79 is disengaged from recess 76 in disc 74 and pressed into tube 77 causing handle 71 to be locked. When washing and rinsing are complete, handle 72 is returned to starting position in which handle 71 is unlocked. In a modification, Fig. 5, lid displacing means comprises spindle 69 carrying at its end inside the container a horizontal arm 90 engaging a recess in a vertical rod 91 in guides 92 secured to the container wall. By turning the handle 71 clockwise direction rod 91 will be raised thereby opening lid 16 through necessary small angle to allow insertion of the hand.
Patent GB-126035-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Steam Condensing Plant.
Inventor: MORISON DONALD BARNS
IPC: F01B25/00
Filed: 1916-11-04
Abstract: 126,035. Morison, D. B. Nov. 4, 1916. Aspirating-apparatus, ejector.-The system of three or more ejectors in series with or without intermediate condensers for the working steam, as described for employment as the air-pump of a steam condenser in Specification 8335/15, is modified by substituting for or placing in parallel with the end or air-delivery steam ejector either a water ejector or a mechanical air-pump or its equivalent, or else the two in combination. The apparatus retains the three essential ejectors or groups thereof of the former arrangement, working under prescribed pressure differences. Fig. 1 shows the air-withdrawing ejector a, the controlling ejector b, and a water-operated discharging ejector of the kind described in Specification 7809/11, supplied from the discharge tank g by means of a pump h. For this ejector may be substituted a reciprocating air-pump of the valveless-bucket type, which may draw air and vapour from a condenser intermediate the controlling ejector and the air-pump. According to the modification shown in Fig. 4, a water-operated ejector c<1> and a steam ejector c work in parallel as the delivery element of the series, with provision for disabling the steam ejector when required by closing a valve v, or the steam ejector may be in parallel with the air pump h, and the water ejector may be omitted, suitable shut-off valves being provided. In some cases, water of condensation from the first receiver e is delivered to the airpump cylinder between the piston and the discharge valves, the pump itself drawing from the condenser at somewhat higher pressure. The application of the apparatus to a marine engine is described briefly
Patent GB-769781-A (GB)
Title: Extinguishing chamber for oil blast electric circuit breakers
IPC: H01H33/75
Filed: 1955-06-03
Abstract: 769,781. Oil-blast switches. ALLMANNA SVENSKA ELEKTRISKA AKTIEBOLAGET. June 3, .1955 [June 4, 1954], No. 15917/55. Class 38(5) An arc-extinguishing chamber of an oilblast switch has a fixed internal cylinder 5 and a domed shaped member 9 which is vertically movable and surrounds the fixed contact 3. When the contacts 3, 4 are opened, the pressure produced by the arc on the initial movement of the contact 4 lifts the member 9 and closes the annular slot between the member 9 and the base 7 of the cylinder 5. At the same time an opening is formed between the lower edge of the member 9 and the metal base 2 of an outer cylinder 1 for the escape of oil into the space between the cylinders 1, 5 and a cover 6 to compress a pocket of gas indicated at 14. As the arc is .extended and the arc-current decreases towards zero, the member 9 separates from the base 7 and the pressure of the gas at 14 forces oil through the annular slot, now formed towards the arc.
Patent GB-479261-A (GB)
Title: Device for massaging foot muscles
IPC: A61H15/00
Filed: 1937-06-09
Abstract: 479,261. root-massage appliances. KOSCHWITZ. A. June 9, 1937, No. 16022. [Class 81 (ii)] A foot-massage appliance comprises a frame a in which are rotatably and eccentrically mounted on co-linear axes two massage rollers b. The surfaces of the rollers may be roughened, grooved or provided with projections. The rollers may be mounted interchangeably in the frame, and may be mechanically driven.