Patent GB-190823614-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Typewriting Machines.
Inventor: ADERS MAX LEO CARL FRANZ
Filed: 1908-11-04
Granted: 1909-11-04
Abstract: 23,614. Aders, M. L. C. F. Nov. 4, 1907, [date applied for under Section 91 of Patents Act, 1901]. Typewriters.-In machines of the kind in which the type adjustment, paper carriage movements, and other functions are performed pneumatically by the actuation of keys, the fluid is taken to special actuating-devices, as required, from a central source through a system of pipes or channels which branch into groups and sub-groups, guide devices actuated from the keyboard being arranged at the junctions. The source of power may be a compressor, exhauster, bellows, pressure tank, compressed air reservoir, steam boiler, &c., and the pipes &c. may be of nickel, copper, aluminium alloys, &c. If glycerine or carbon dioxide be used, it can be recovered after use. The cylindrical type-carrier moves to any position of adjustment by the shortest path without returning to a fixed position. The various switches, keyboard actuation, and fluid actuated devices are described in Specifications Nos. 20,282, 20,731, 22,035, and 22,961, A.D. 1908. Fig. 1 shows a pressure drum 101 with a manometer 102 and a pipe 103 leading to a pump. The fluid flows through a reducing- valve 104 to conduits 105, 106 from which branch all the other conduits. The keys operate valves 107-120 of pipes leading to switches 121, 122 ; the pipes lead from switch 121 to a turbine 123 with oppositely-directed vanes and a dead chamber 155, so that the opening of any pipe causes the turbine to take the shortest path to the corresponding position. The fluid flows through the turbine to a piston cylinder 148 without actuating the turbine, but the actuation of the piston releases a special latch, which normally holds the turbine, and allows the turbine to rotate. When the turbine arrives with its dead chamber opposite the open supply pipe, discharge through the pipe 151 is cut off and the consequent discharge through a pipe 156 to a piston-cylinder 157 releases the latch to brake and hold the turbine. The depression of a key opens two pipes, one leading to the switch 121 and the other to the switch 122. From the switch 122, the fluid flows to a switch 127 and thence to a rectilinear turbine vane-series 129 which provides the axial adjustment of the type carrier, the turbine 123 providing the circumferential adjustment. Piston cylinders 148<a>, 157<a> actuate the holding-latch of the turbine 129. By depressing a shift key III, the switch 127 is released and moves so that the fluid flows to one of the pipes 107<d> . . . 111<d> instead of to one of the pipes 107<c> . . . 111<c>, and the type carrier is thus adjusted for printing capitals &c. The pistons 157, 157<a> act as valves for a pipe 158 and, when actuated, admit the fluid to a piston 159 which causes the paper to be impressed against the type, for example by means of a hammer. The piston 159 affords passage to the fluid which thus flows through switches 161, 162 to a pipe 163 and a piston 164 and releases a slide 132. The fluid then flows through the pipe 165 to a piston 166 which couples the feedcontroller device with the paper carriage, and also opens the pipe 167 leading to a turbine 135 which actuates the paper carriage. The turbine rotates in one or other direction according as the switch 168 connects the pipe 167 with the pipe 167<a> or 167<b>. Pistons 148<b>, 157<b> operate the turbine latch. The perforated piston 164 admits fluid from the pipes 106, 170 through the pipe 171 to the piston cylinder 172 of the key-releasing mechanism, which cuts off the flow through the keyboard switch and allows all the pistons to return to their normal position. A slide 132<1> and a turbine 134 control in a similar manner the line-adjustment of the paper. When an accent or dieresis sign is to be printed, the key operates the switch 161 so that the fluid enters the pipe 171 and not the pipes 160, 163. A piston 172 is thus actuated to release the key and re-close the valves, the paper-carriage not being actuated. Depression of a key VII operates the switch 162 which deflects the fluid to actuate the line-adjustment turbine &c., transmits it to the piston 172 to stop the carriage feed, or transmits the fluid both to the carriage-feed mechanism and to the line-adjustment mechanism. Switches operated by keys VI, IV also affect independently the carriage feed and line adjustment. By depressing a key V, a slide V is actuated which causes the printing to be repeated, while the key is held denressed, without the paper feeds being actuated. By simultaneously depressing other keys, any single character, for example a dot may be repeatedly printed in either a horizontal or vertical line, or diagonally of the paper. The normal character keys may be used to produce paper carriage movements of predetermined length, after operating change keys, according to number values allotted to the keys. If change-key I be operated, switches 138, 121, 122, 179 are actuated, and by the depression of a character key, the fluid flows to the turbine 135 by way of a turbine switch 125. The slide of this switch engages the turbine 135 so that it is rotated through a distance corresponding to that through which the slide moves when actuated by the fluid supplies from one of the pipes 112<c> . . . 120<c>. When the hole in the slide comes opposite the supply pipe, the fluid passes through the pipe 180, and the keyboard to the switch 122 and thence through a switch 130 to the opposite side of the turbine 135. The switch 125 first coacts with the turbine 135 to effect the coarse adjustment of the paper carriage to the particular "tens" group, and the switch 130 afterwards acts to produce a fine adjustment to the particular unit in the selected "tens" group. If, prior to the depression of a character key, the shift key III be depressed, the carriage is stopped at a scale number greater than the ordinary number by five units. The two numbers allotted to each character key are shown on adjacent number strips. An arrangement is also provided whereby, by the depression of any character key, two additional numbers being allotted to each key, the carriage can be moved through scale distance corresponding to the numbers of the key. This allows of writing backwards and jumping spaces without removing the fingers from the keyboard. A change-key II controls this device and actuates switches 137, 121, 12<2>, 124, 204. The fluid passes to the turbine 135 through an additional switch 131 which acts on the turbine 135 first to effect the "tens" and afterwards the units adjustment of the paper carriage. If, prior to the depression of the character key, a key VIII be depressed, an inverting-device 126 and a switch 188 are operated and the carriage is fed to the corresponding extent in the opposite direction. The Specification in the original form, as open to inspection under Section 91 (3) (a), comprises also a second scale with oppositely arranged numbers for use with the keys. This subject-matter does not appear in the Complete Specification as accepted.