baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-970951-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lactones
IPC: C07C45/63
Filed: 1962-01-19
Abstract: The invention comprises the g -lactone of 2,3-dihydroxy cyclododec -1- ene -1- carboxylic acid, which exists also in the tautomeric form as the lactone of 2-keto -3- hydroxy-cyclododecane -1- carboxylic acid, and alkali metal derivatives thereof. It comprises also the preparation of the lactone by treating an alkyl ester of a 1- or 3- haloe.g. 1- or 3-bromo -2- keto-cyclododecane -1- carboxylic acid with an acid or mixture of acids capable of converting an a - or g - halob -keto carboxylic ester into the g -lactone, for example a strong mineral acid such as aqueous hydrochloric or sulphuric acid, a strong organic acid such as p-toluenesulphonic, or a mixture of organic acids such as glacial acetic and p-toluenesulphonic acids or a mixture of an acid and its alkali-metal salt such as sodium acetate and glacial acetic acid.  Some decarboxylation may occur during the reaction to give a ketone such as 2-bromo-cyclododecenone as a by product.  Alkyl 1- or 3-halo -2- keto-cyclododecane -1- carboxylates such as the 1- or 3-bromo compounds are made by treating sodio-cyclododecanone with an alkyl carbonate and halogenating the product.  Pharmaceutical preparations having choleretic activity for the treatment of dyspeptic and hepatic conditions comprise the above compounds of the invention and a carrier, preferably in a form suitable for oral or parenteral administration, e.g. tablets, pills, powders, granules, emulsions, solutions, syrups, elixirs for oral use or sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions or emulsions for injection.
Patent GB-418648-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric lamps and similar articles
IPC: H01K3/16
Filed: 1933-01-23
Abstract: 418,648. Electric incandescent lamps. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London.-(Assignees of Wright, D. K. ; 3162, Redwood Road, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, U.S.A.) Jan. 23, 1933, No. 2188. Void [Abridged as open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, July 24, 1933]. [Class 39 (ii).] The filament is supported through leads by contact terminals. The exhaust tube 10, Fig. 1, is sealed to the flare 13 whilst both parts are rotated about an axis 14, and thimble-like terminals 11, 12 are then sealed to the flare by the method described in Specification 377,602 or by providing them with glass rings 16 which are fused to the flare during rotation about the axes 17, 19 respectively. Channel shaped supporting leads 20, Fig. 6, are fitted into the thimbles and are secured therein by welding or soldering. A filament 27 is supported by asbestos or cement members 23, 24 which are fixed within the channels of the leads 20 by pins. Supports 29 fixed to the member 24 are provided with hooks through which pass wires 30 attached to the filament. In a modification, the lamp is exhausted through one of the thimbles.
Patent GB-1480295-A (GB)
Title: Lamp fitting for tubular fluorescent lamp
IPC: F21V19/00
Filed: 1975-01-17
Abstract: 1480295 Tubular lighting fitting THORN ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 17 Jan 1975 2193/75 Heading F4R [Also in Division B8] A tubular fluorescent lamp fitting comprises a lampholder, Fig. 2, carried at each of a spine, Fig. 1, each lampholder including a synthetic plastics housing 23 having two integrally moulded hooks 30, 31 in a middle region thereof and an integral resilient tongue 32 with a locking projection 33 at the top region thereof, and the spine 10 including a channel-section member 12 which is closed by a cover 11, the channelsection member having recesses 19, 21 and 22 which are engaged respectively by the tongue locking projection 33 and the two hooks 30, 31 to thereby receive the lampholder. As shown, the recesses 21, 22 in which the hooks engage are formed in brackets 17 extending across the channel-section member 12 at each end, with the cover being screwed to these brackets. The lower part of each lampholder which accommodates and supports the lamp and its terminal pins has a cover plate 24 which is secured to the housing 23 by three resilient tongues 28 integral with the housing 23 which extend through apertures in the plate 24. The terminal pins of the lamp are received via a groove 25 into a ring 26 in the lampholder, the ring being rotated by turning the lamp to secure it in the holder and establish the necessary electrical connections.
Patent GB-781761-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pipe, hose, or like couplings
Inventor: LLEWHELLIN THOMAS GERALD
IPC: F16L23/06
Filed: 1954-01-25
Abstract: 781,761. Clamp fastenings. K. A. C., Ltd. Jan 25, 1955 [Jan. 25, 1954], No. 2204/54. Class 44 [Also in Group XXVIII] A clamping ring for connecting together in coaxial alignment two externally peripherally flanged members e.g. pipes, comprises two or more sections, at least one of which includes two lengths of metal wire 1 and 2 arranged in side-by-side relationship and secured together at spaced intervals in the central plane of the ring, such lengths of wire being formed between the spaced intervals with inwardly directed portions 3 diverging from the central plane and adapted to engage between them the flanges of the flanged members, and fastening means 7 for drawing the ring tightly around the flanges so as to cause the inwardly directed portions to draw the flanges together. As shown the ring consists of a single section and the two lengths of wire are joined together e.g. by welding with the portions 3 in register and with those in one wire at an angle to those of the other wire. A hook 5 is formed in one end of the ring and an eye. 6 is formed at the other end. The means 7 is a toggle lever of channel section which is pivoted in the eye 6 and which carries a link 10 which is adapted to engage the hook 5. The ring is used with wedge shaped flanges and to position them a spigot may be formed on the end of one flange with a corresponding groove in the end of the other flange and with a sealing ring in the groove which is compressed by the spigot. A pin may be passed through aligned holes 14 in the sides of the channel to lock the lever to the band. In a modification the ring has a plurality of pivotal sections. The side-byside lengths of wire may be initially separate of a single piece of wire bent double. Specifications 732,442, 735,271 and 736,879 are referred to.
Patent GB-1508352-A (GB)
Title: Cable fault location
IPC: G01R31/11
Filed: 1975-01-17
Abstract: 1508352 Locating faults in cables ELECTRICITY COUNCIL 16 Jan 1976 [17 Jan 1975] 2239/75 Heading H4D Apparatus for locating a fault in a conductor of a cable comprises an impulse generator with connecting means for applying a voltage step impulse between the conductor to be tested and a return conductor, a waveform display or recording device and linear coupling means having a primary winding in series with the connecting means and a secondary winding connected to the display or recording device whereby a voltage signal dependent on the rate of change of current in the connecting means is displayed or recorded thereby giving an indication of the fault condition of the cable. In Fig. 1, the cable under test 10 has an inner 11, and an outer 12, conductor, conductor 12 being earthed. Low resistance or high resistance faults between the conductors and open circuit may be detected by connecting the fault location apparatus to the conductors 11 and 12. High voltage D.C. source 14 charges capacitor 16 via resistor 15. Switch 17 connects the high voltage side of the capacitor via co-axial connector 18 to inner conductor 11. The other capacitor terminal is connected via the primary winding 19 of the linear coupling transformer 20 and the connector 18 to the earthed conductor 12. Linear coupler 20 further comprises a secondary winding 21 one end 22 of which is connected to earth and to an electrostatic screen 25, the end is connected, in shunt with damping resistor 26 to oscilloscope 24. Circuit 21, 26 is effectively a highpass filter. The differentiated current waveforms resulting from various faults in the form of spikes, whose amplitude and spacing is indicative of the range and type, e.g. a flashing intermittent fault, as sensed in winding 21, are displayed on oscilloscope 24, which may have storage facilities. Details of typical waveforms are given (Figures 3(a)-3(e), not shown).
Patent GB-509903-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the reinforcement of sheet metal drums, tubes and the like
IPC: B21D15/04
Filed: 1938-01-24
Abstract: 509,903. Corrugating. HARRISON, T. M. Jan. 24, 1938, No. 2265. Convention date, Feb. 16, 1937. [Class 83 (iv)] Apparatus for progressively forming helical corrugations in drums, tubes &c. comprises grooved discs 3, 4 engaging the surfaces of the drum. One, at least, of the discs is rotated as by the shaft 19 to effect the rotary and longitudinal movement of the drum. The distance between the discs is adjusted by a screw 16 and the pitch of the helix is adjusted by adjustment of the discs 3, 4 in mountings 14, 13. The drum is supported in a cradle comprising rods 24, 26 on an adjustable pivot 28. The discs 3, 4 may be supported on shafts 32, 33 with removable end bearings.
Patent GB-1002790-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to carbon bodies
IPC: C23C24/08
Filed: 1964-01-17
Abstract: A body containing 40-99.5% volume of carbon or graphite and 60-0.5% volume of at least one of the carbides of Be, B, Si, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Th and the rare earth elements is coated with one or more of these carbides.  An outer layer comprising the metallic element or elements, or the oxide, silicide, nitride or boride of the metallic elements of the carbide component may be formed.  The coatings may be applied by the application of molten material by dipping, plasma arc spraying, by painting, lacquering, impregnation or by the decomposition of volatile compounds of the required coating material.  In the examples the following substrates are coated: C/ZrC, C/SiC, C/TiC and C/NbC; a ZrC coating is formed by plasma arc spraying Zr and converting to ZrC by heating in CO at 1600  DEG C.; SiC coating is formed by thermal decomposition of H3CSiCl3; TiC/WC coating by thermal decomposition of Ti and W chlorides in propane; NbSi by plasma arc spraying.  The SiC coating may be heated in wet argon to form silicon oxide and the NbSi coating may be fused to form NbC, and SiC.ALSO:A body containing 40-99.5% volume of carbon or graphite and 60-0.5% volume of at least one of the carbides of Be, B, Si, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Th and the rare earth elements is coated with one or more of these carbides.  An outer layer comprising the metallic element or elements, or the oxide, silicide, nitride or boride of the metallic element or elements of the carbide component may be formed.  The coatings may be applied by the application of molten material by dipping, plasma are spraying, by painting, lacquering, impregnation or by the decomposition of volatile compounds of the required coating material.  In the examples the following substrates are coated:-C/ZrC, C/SiC, C/TiC and C(NbC.  A ZrC coating is formed by plasma are spraying Zr and converting to ZrC by heating in CO at 1600 DEG  C.; SiC coating is formed by thermal decomposition of H3CSiCl3; TiC/WC coating by thermal decomposition of Ti and W chloride in propane; NbSi by plasma arc spraying.  The SiC coating may be heated in wet argon to form silicon oxide and the NbSi coating may be fused to form NbC and SiC.
Patent GB-401529-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of coloured extruded products of rubber bitumen or a like plastic
IPC: B29C48/05
Filed: 1933-01-24
Abstract: 401,529. Sheathing electric conductors &c. by extrusion machines. LIVERPOOL ELECTRIC CABLE CO., Ltd. and TWEEDLE, T. H., Linacre Lane, Bootle, Liverpool. Jan. 24, 1933, No. 2318. [Class 87 (ii).] Long lengths of extruded rubber, bitumen or like plastic material are wholly or partly covered with similar material of a different colour which is co - extruded with the main stream. The invention is specially applicable to the identification of the separate wires in multi-conductor cables, the coloured layer being either in the form of a projecting or inlaid strip or as a coating extending substantially all round the cable. Fig. 1 shows a main sheath 4 being applied to a single wire 13 by the screw 1 and an inlaid coloured strip 12 being delivered to the outlet die by a plunger 10. In a modification the plunger 10 delivers material to a recess in the wall of the die so that the coloured strip projects above the periphery of the main sheath. Fig. 6 shows a construction in which two pistons 10 supply inlaid strips of different colour to identify the wires 15 in a multi-conductor casing 5. Specification 260,837, [Class 36, Electricity, Conducting &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-305799-A (GB)
Title: Improved electric heating element
IPC: H05B3/16
Filed: 1928-01-24
Abstract: 305,799. Katunsky, J. Jan. 24, 1928. Wire resistances, embedded.-In an electric heating element consisting of a resistance wire embedded in refractory material, the core is constituted by a calcined mixture of ground emery, felspar and water glass, the resistance wire being wound thereon and surrounded by an outer layer of a similar calcined mixture. In an example, 4 parts by weight of ground emery are mixed with 1 part of felspar and 1 to 2 of a 33 per cent solution of sodium silicate. Cylindrical or other bars are formed from this mixture, dried and fired at from 500‹ to 700‹ C. On the bars so formed the resistance wire, such as chrome nickel, is wound and coated with the above mixture made sufficiently then by the dilution of the sodium silicate. After setting, the body is dried at 50‹ to 60‹ C., calcined and annealed by passat 50‹ to 60‹ C., calcined and annealed by passing a current through the wire. It is stated that the resistance of units so formed increases with temperature up to about 1000‹ C.
Patent GB-887099-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a method of and means for removing loose particles from cavities
IPC: B23B47/34
Filed: 1960-01-22
Abstract: 887,099. Nozzles. SCHOBERG, B. L. Jan. 22, 1960, No. 2401/60. Class 69 (3). [Also in Group XXII] Loose particles 13, e.g. cuttings, are removed from a cavity, e.g. a drilled blind hole, by directing a central stream of compressed-air into the cavity and surrounding the central stream with a screen of compressed-air to obstruct or direct the particles dislodged from the cavity. The stream and screen are supplied from a nozzle 1 attached to a compressed-air line 2 and fitted with a leveroperated valve 3. Air passes through holes 6 via a chamber 7 to a passage 8 in a tip 5 to provide the central stream, and to bores 9 leading to an annular opening 11 to provide the screen which preferably is directed at about 45 degrees to the stream. The tip is adjustable relatively to body 4 to vary the intensity of the screen.
Patent GB-728942-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to disc brakes for vehicles
Inventor: REDMAYNE LEONARD
IPC: F16D55/228
Filed: 1953-01-28
Abstract: 728,942. Disc brakes. GIRLING, Ltd. March 15, 1954 [Jan. 28, 1953], No. 2414/53. Class 103 (1). In a disc brake having opposed friction pads for engaging opposite faces of a rotatable disc, in which at least one pad is slidable under the action of hydraulic pressure on a piston in a direction perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the face of the disc, in a bore in a housing constrained against movement tangential to the disc, the section of the pad, piston and bore, in a plane perpendicular to the direction of sliding, has substantially the form of a segment of a ring having its axis at or near the axis of the disc. In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1), opposite faces of the brake disc 10, which is rotatable with the vehicle wheel or other rotating part of the vehicle transmission, are adapted to be engaged by friction pads 12 of segmental cross-section which operate in complementary-shaped bores in a stationary housing 13 which straddles the outer periphery of the brake disc 10. Each pad 12 is backed by a piston 14 of complementary cross-section and the ends of the bores are closed by plates 16, hydraulic pressure being introduced into the spaces between the piston 14 and the end plates 16 to force the friction pads 12, right angles to the faces of the disc, into frictional engagement with the side faces of the disc. An arrangement is described in which the axes of movement of the pistons and friction pads are inclined to the faces of the disc at an angle, dependent on the coefficient of friction between the pads and the disc, such as to reduce or eliminate frictional resistance resisting movement of the pads and resulting from the transmission of the tangential braking force from the pads to the side walls of the cylinder bores. The invention may also be applied to disc brakes in which there is an hydraulic cylinder on one side only of the brake disc and the friction pad on the other side of the disc is urged into engagement with the disc by the reaction on the housing which is permitted a limited small axial movement relative to the disc. Specifications 688,382 and 703,213 are referred to.
Patent GB-496015-A (GB)
Title: A process for treating bast fibre shives
IPC: D01C1/02
Filed: 1938-01-25
Abstract: Bast fibre shives with all the woody material therein are treated at a pressure of 5-6 atms. with caustic soda solution containing a small proportion of sodium sulphide.  The solution may be maintained at boiling temperature for 5 hours.  After the treatment, the material is subjected to bleaching in two stages between which it is subjected to a further treatment with caustic soda.  In an example, shives from flax or hemp are heated in an autoclave with caustic soda solution which may be that recovered from a previous operation.  During boiling, a small proportion of sodium sulphide is added to prevent oxidation.  The product is washed and crushed to form a uniform paste.  This is treated with NaOCl for a few hours.  Caustic soda is then added to remove chlorinated ligninic matter.  The product is washed and then treated with a dilute solution of NaOCl.  It is then washed with water and sodium bisulphite.  The product may be used in the production of medical wadding, explosives, and artificial textile filaments or staple fibres.  It may be dissolved by stirring with an ammoniacal solution containing a copper salt, caustic soda subsequently being added.  The cellulosic solution thus formed may be spun into water and then into acid, the filaments being stretched during their formation, or the solution may be spun into hot air moving in counter-current to the direction of the filaments.
Patent GB-537530-A (GB)
Title: Short wave transmitters
IPC: G01S1/02
Filed: 1940-02-09
Abstract: 537,530. Wireless transmitting systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Feb. 9, 1940, No. 2532. Convention date, March 22, 1939. [Classes 40 (iii) and 40 (v)] In high-frequency transmission systems, a circuit asymmetric to earth is connected to a symmetric circuit, e.g. a balanced amplifier or aerial, by connecting two equal reactances across the balanced circuit, connecting the mid-point to earth through a reactance of opposite sign, and by connecting the live side of the asymmetric circuit to the outer end of one of the equal reactances. The coupling is used for energizing a pair of balanced aerials in a radio beacon, and modulating arrangements are described for use therewith. The output from a valve 102 or other radio frequency source earthed on one side is applied to a coupling transformer 103, the secondary of which is also earthed at one side. Its other side is connected through a variable condenser to the grid of a valve 106 constituting one of a push-pull pair 106, 107. Two equal coils 110 and 111 separated by a blocking condenser 113 are connected between the two grids, and the junction is connected to earth through a condenser 112 the reactance of which is about half that of the coils 110, 111 at the working frequency. The coils 110, 111 may be replaced by condensers, and the condensers 112 by a coil. The balanced output circuit of the valves 106, 107 is tuned by condensers and is coupled by a transformer 115 and condensers 120, 121 to two lines 118, 119 each of which feeds one side of the balanced aerials 130, 131. The other sides of these aerials are fed through networks comprising coils 122, 124 and earthed condenser 126 similar to those used on the input side of the valves 106, 107. Separate grid bias sources are connected at 114, 114<SP>1</SP> to the gnds of valves 106, 107. To provide for modulation of the emitted waves, a quarter-wave frame 132, 133 is coupled to each aerial transmission line, so that when in resonance they prevent emission by absorbing energy from the lines. The frames are put in and out of resonance by the rotation of a condenser vanes 203, Fig. 2, over notched stator plates 201, 202 connected to opposite sides of the frames. The vanes are driven jointly by a common motor 140, and the notch patterns on the stators may be different, so as to distinguish between the modulation on the respective aerials. In a modified modulating arrangement, half-wave length lines are connected to the aerial supply leads, and shortcircuiting rotary switches driven by a common motor are arranged at a quarter-wave or other suitable distance from the leads. Specification 517,935 is referred to.
Patent GB-837222-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sewing machines
IPC: F16C3/28
Filed: 1957-01-24
Abstract: 837,222. Eccentrics. UNION SPECIAL MACHINE CO. Jan. 24, 1957 [Jan. 26, 1956], No. 2539/57. Class 122 (1). [Also in Group VII] A variable eccentric for controlling the rate of work feed in a sewing machine comprises an outer sleeve 35 attached by a pin 46 to a plate 41 fast with a rotary shaft 18, an inner sleeve 34, a compression spring 36 interposed between said sleeves for biasing sleeve 35 against a housing 39 fixed by a screw 42 to plate 41, and sleeve 34 towards plate 41, a friction disc 44 being interposed between the latter and sleeve 34, and the eccentricity is varied by altering the relative angular positions of the sleeves. For this purpose a radial extension 55 of sleeve 34 passes through a peripheral slot 39a in housing 39, and a circular band 56, which is rotatable in a circumferential groove 39b formed in housing 39, is secured at its ends by screws 58 to the outer end of extension 55 so as to leave a notch 53 in the latter exposed. Depression of a plunger 66 causes a nose 73 of a bell-crank lever 65, 72 to engage band 56, when rotation of shaft 18 by means of a hand wheel causes nose 73 to enter notch 53 to prevent rotation of sleeve 34. Further turning of the hand wheel produces the required adjustment, the degree of eccentricity being indicated by the appearance of successive numerals, formed on the hand wheel, in a window formed in a flange overlying the hand wheel. Specification 837,221 and U.S.A. Specification 2,718,860 are referred to.