baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1467147-A (GB)
Title: Flow-through type fuel cells
IPC: H01M8/00
Filed: 1974-05-03
Abstract: 1467147 Electrode for fuel cell KANEBO Ltd 3 May 1974 [8 May 1973] 19594/74 Heading H1B A fuel cell comprises an electrode(s) serving as anode and/or cathode in which the electrolyte and reactant flow through the electrode when the fuel cell is operating, comprises at least one layer of a woven or knitted fabric formed from organic high polymer fibres, each fibre having a metal layer on its surface and an electrocatalyst on the metal layer, the characteristics of the electrode being such as to give a fluid transmission coefficient K lying within the range from - 1 to + 1, the coefficient K being defined by where N and S are respectively the thickness and effective area of the electrode in centimetre units, and V is the volume in millilitres flowing in time T of an electrolytic solution having a viscosity in centipoise of # under a static pressure across the electrode of H measured in centimetres of water. Examples of the fibre material for the fabric are: polyamides, polyesters, polyethers, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, phenolformaldehyde resins, polyolefins, polyurethanes and copolymers thereof; semi-synthetic materials such as viscose rayon and acetate; and, natural fibres such as cotton, hemp, silk and wool. The metal applied to the fibre surface consists of one or more of Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ta, W, Pt, Au, or Pb or of Ni with an underlayer of Cu. The catalyst deposited on the metal layer consists of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir, Ni, Cu or Ag. The organic fibre has a diameter of 1-30 microns, the metal layer has a thickness of 0À1-10 microns, and the catalyst is deposited in an amount from 1 to 200 mg. per square centimetre of the electrode area. The electrode may comprise a plurality of layers of the fabric superposed on each other. In Fig. 1 a separator 3 comprises a semi-permeable membrane. The electrolytic solution admitted to cathode chamber 5 through an inlet 7 comprises KOH containing hydrogen peroxide and the electrolytic solution admitted to anode chamber 6 through inlet 8 comprises KOH containing methanol. The solutions leave through outlets 9, 10. Alternative electrolytes are NaOH, H 2 SO 4  and H 3 PO 4 . Alternative fuels are hydrazine, formaldehyde, ethanol, ethylene glycol and glycerine. An alternative oxidant is nitric acid. Either the anode or cathode may comprise a known gas diffusion electrode in which instance the oxidant may be air or the fuel may be hydrogen or methane. Methods of making the electrode are described.
Patent GB-577806-A (GB)
Title: Pyrolytic reforming of hydrocarbons
Filed: 1943-11-24
Abstract: Naphthas having improved anti-knock rating and low unsaturation are obtained by cracking a straight run first naphtha fraction substantially free of C4 and lighter hydrocarbons and boiling below about 500 DEG  F., separating from the cracking product p  a second naphtha fraction substantially free of C5 and lighter hydrocarbons and boiling below 450 DEG  F., recracking this second naphtha fraction, and separating from the resulting recracked product a third naphtha fraction boiling substantially between 240 DEG  F. and 375 DEG  F.  Crude oil is fed through line 1 into fractionating zone 2 from which a naphtha fraction, free from C5 and lighter hydrocarbons and boiling below 450 DEG  F., <PICT:0577806/IV/1> is withdrawn and introduced into cracking zone 7 wherein an inlet pressure of 1255 lbs. per sq. in. and an outlet temperature of 1015 DEG  F. are maintained.  The cracked products are fractionated in zone 10 and a naphtha fraction, free from C5 and ligher hydrocarbons and boiling below 425 DEG  F., is separated and cracked in zone 15 at a temperature of 1050 DEG  F. and a pressure of 1000 lbs. per sq. in. The recracked products are fractionated in zone 17 from which a naphtha fraction of boiling range 240 DEG  to 375 DEG  F. is withdrawn, subjected to known refining treatments in zone 23 to reduce its gum-forming components and improve its colour, odour and stability; and blended in zone 25 to produce a finished aviation gasoline.  At least part of the blending agents necessary is obtained by treatment of the lighter fractions obtained in the process.  The C5 fraction from zone 2 is freed from pentane in column 27 and led into blending zone 25.  The C4 fraction from zone 2 and the C4-C5 fractions from zones 10 and 17 are led, through lines 4, 12 and 19 respectively, into alkylation zone 30 where isobutane is alkylated by olefins.  The alkylate is withdrawn through line 32 and conveyed to blending zone 25.
Patent GB-1219461-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of methane
IPC: B01J23/70
Filed: 1968-04-25
Abstract: 1,219,461. Making methane. JAPAN GASOLINE CO. Ltd. 25 April, 1968 [27 April, 1967], No. 19696/68. Heading C5E. In a method of making methane from hydrocarbon feedstock containing 2 or more carbon atoms by hydrocracking the feedstock in a bed of highly activated solid nickel catalyst, steam in an amount sufficient to control the maximum temperature of the bed in the range 400 to 600 C. is passed through the bed which is indirectly cooled so that the exit temperature of the bed is at a value at least 100 C. lower than the maximum temperature. The hydrogen which should comprise 90 to 150% of the amount theoretically required to produce methane from the feedstock, may be any H 2 - containing gas, and feedstocks mentioned include naphtha, kerosene, gas oil and 1.p.g. The catalyst comprises 5 to 10% b.w. Ni on an inorganic oxide support and may include as promoters oxides of Cu, Cr and Mn or a compound of an alkali metal or of an alkaline earth metal. Any cooling system may be used, ineluding coils within the reactor, and intermediate cooling may be employed between two or more catalyst stages. In a specific example, condensate was removed from the gas which had been cooled to ambient temperature between the second and third stages, and the gas was reheated prior to entering the third stage.
Patent GB-804958-A (GB)
Title: Processing phosphor screens for cathode ray tubes
IPC: H01J29/18
Filed: 1956-06-26
Abstract: 804,958. Processing luminescent screens. SYLVANIA ELECTRIC PRODUCTS, Inc. June 26, 1956 [June 27, 1:955], No. 19782/56. Class 39(1). In a radiant energy printing operation for forming a phosphor pattern on the screen of a cathode ray tube, the powdered phosphor material is applied to a layer of undeveloped radient energy sensitive material, which may itself be mixed with the phosphor material, whilst that layer is still tacky. The layer is thereafter exposed and developed. Alternatively a first sensitive layer may be applied to the screen and thereafter a second layer on to which the powdered phosphor is dusted whilst the second layer is still tacky. The first layer may be exposed and developed, exposed but not developed, or neither exposed nor developed before application of the second layer. The second layer is exposed and developed after the application of the phosphor powder but if the first layer is only exposed and not developed the exposure of the second layer is not essential. The radiant energy sensitive material may be light sensitive, e.g. dichromate sensitized polyvinyl alcohol and dichromate sensitized polyvinyl alcohol and the process may be repeated for each phosphor in a screen for a colour tube.
Patent GB-239680-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to holding means for inductance coils for use in wireless systems
IPC: H01F27/00
Filed: 1924-08-21
Abstract: 239,680. Mitchell, G. A. Aug. 21, 1924. Wireless tuning-apparatus, adjustment devices for.-In inductance-coil holders for use in wireless systems, applicable to variable aerial, anode and transformer couplings, one or more movable holders are controlled and adjusted relatively to an adjacent fixed holder by spring means and one or more adjusting screws. In a holder for two coils, the movable block 2, Fig. 1, is moved in one direction by the abutting end of a screw 16 threaded through the fixed block 1 and having an operating handle 17 and in the other direction by a spring 13 in tension between screws 14 on the blocks 1, 2. The blocks 1, 2 may be mounted on a stand or may be individually and directly mounted on a cabinet, panel or case 3 of a wireless set bv studs 4, 8 and nuts 5, 9 or by screws, the block 2 being mounted on a hinge 6 and a template being used in drilling two holes for two studs for each block. In a holder for three coils, two adjusting screws may work in opposite directions in tapped holes in a fixed block and may engage the movable blocks, which have clearance holes for the screws, or two screws 15<a>, 16<b>, Fig. 3, may engage tapped holes in the movable blocks 2<a>, 2<b> drawn towards each other by a spring 13<a> and may abut against opposite sides of the fixed block 1<a>. In modifications, the adjusting screw may rotate in an attachment clipped or fastened to the fixed block, and mav be connected to one or more lugs or the like on the movable blocks, and the tension springs may be replaced by compression or blade springs. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 204,376, 228,357, and 234,267.
Patent GB-1286723-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in shell cartridges
Inventor: BIRKIGHT LOUIS
IPC: F42B5/10
Filed: 1970-04-24
Abstract: 1286723 Shell cartridges BREVETS AERO MECANIQUES SA 24 April 1970 [7 May 1969] 19800/70 Heading F3A A shell cartridge comprises a cartridge case 1, Fig. 1, containing a principal propellant charge 2; an additional solid propellant charge 4 of greater calorific value than the charge 2, contained in a cavity 5 in a shell 3; and a delay means 6 arranged to effect firing of the charge 4 whereby the combustion of the charge 4 takes effect in the barrel of the launching weapon from the moment when the pressure developed by the charge 2 starts to decrease. The means 6 is a charge of lower calorific value than the charge 4. The charge 2 has a calorific value of 750- 850 cal./g. and the charge 4, e.g. of tetryl, has a calorific value of at least 900 cal./g. The shell is a perforating, explosive or incendiary shell. The shell may also be of the kind comprising a subcalibre core 7, Fig. 2, an envelope 8 which is discarded on firing, locking pins 9 which are expelled by centrifugal force and a base 3a which is discarded along the trajectory of the shell.
Patent GB-793559-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in colouring textile materials
Inventor: OLPIN HENRY CHARLES
Filed: 1955-07-08
Abstract: In forming azo dyes on textile materials of cellulose triacetate an enolic azo coupling agent is incorporated in the textile from an aqueous bath in the presence of a water-insoluble organic substance which is a solvent for the coupling agent and is compatible with the cellulose triacetate.  Suitable organic substances are diethyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, tripropyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, tri-beta-chlorethyl phosphate, chlorobenzene and any of the water-insoluble assistants prescribed in Specification 791,391.  The coupling component and the organic substance are preferably applied from the same aqueous bath which may contain an anionic or non-ionic dispersing agent and which may be neutral, slightly acidic or slightly alkaline.  The diazotizable base may also be applied from this aqueous bath or from a separate bath.  Diazotization and coupling are effected on the fibre by subsequent treatment with an acidified nitrite solution.  The coloured material may subsequently be given a mild reducing treatment, e.g. with a hot acidified aqueous formaldehyde sulphoxylate solution.  Numerous examples are given. The cellulose triacetate textiles are made by the wet-, dry- or melt-spinning processes or by the further esterification of lowly acetylated cellulose fibres as described, for example, in Specifications 448,816, 448,817, 448,917, [all in Group IV], 687,414, 719,853, 721,674, 726,900, 731,930 and 748,772, [all in Group IV (a)].  The textiles may be after-treated by the process of Specification 758,442, [Group IV (a)], to raise their safe-ironing point.
Patent GB-758980-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to phenoxyaliphatic compounds and to plant-growth promoters and selective herbicidal compositions containing same
Inventor: WAIN RALPH LOUIS
IPC: C07C69/712
Filed: 1954-07-06
Abstract: The invention comprises omega-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)-butyric acid and the corresponding caproic acid and their salts, esters, amides and nitriles and compositions containing them.  The products may be obtained by the reaction between gamma-chlorobutyronitrile and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenol: (1) (followed by conversion of the product into several salts and esters), and by hydrolysis of the product of the action of potassium cyanide on 1 - bromo - 5 - (41 - chloro - 21 - methylphenoxy)-pentane; (2) (and conversion into salts and esters), to give the substituted butyric and caproic acids and derivatives, respectively, above-metnioned. Compositions containing these herbicides or their salts or amides are made up with conventional additives.  Specifications 598,072, 598,104 and 598,105, [all in Group VI], are referred to.ALSO:Herbicides and plant-growth regulants consist of omega-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)-butyric and -caproic acids, their salts, esters, amides and nitriles (see Group IV(b)) with inert diluents with or without wetting agents.  In examples the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of the above substituted butyric or caproic acids are made up with water and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid, with or without sodium lauryl sulphate, diethylamine, diethanolamine, and other wetting agents; mineral and other oils and wetting agents for emulsions; solid carriers such as silica dust and water; and in dry preparations by spraying an oil dispersion on to gypsum.  Specifications 598,072, 598,104 and 598,105 are referred to.
Patent GB-597159-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to drawing appliances
IPC: B43L13/14
Filed: 1944-10-13
Abstract: 597,159. Drawing-apparatus. WILLIAMS, A. G., and MOORE, D. M. Oct. 13, 1944, No. 19832. [Class 97 (iii)] A drawing appliance comprises a tracing point and a drawing point each having a drawing- board associated with it, a linearreducing linkage constraining the drawing point to follow the movements in one direction only of the tracing point to a proportionately reduced extent, a second linkage constraining the drawing point to follow the movements of the tracing point with or without reduction in the direction normal to the first direction and means for shifting one of the drawing - boards relative to the other so that a perspective view may be constructed. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the tracing point is carried on the tracing carriage 17 at the point where it is detachably secured to the slide 16 which, to facilitate the tracing of circles of differing radii, is adjustable in the radius arm 11. The pivots 12, 14 of the supporting arm 13, pivoted to a fixed support 15, allow the pivot 12 to be brought over the centre of any circle in the original drawing mounted on the rotatable drawing-board 10. The tracing carriage 17 is mounted on the tracing slide bars 18, 20 by rollers 19, 21. Movement of the carriage 17 in the direction parallel to the bar 20 is transmitted by the levers 22, pivoted at 23 to the fixed support 24, to the lever 29 and movement in the direction parallel to the bar 18 is communicated by levers 25, pivoted at 26 to the fixed support 27, to the lever 30. The levers 29, 30 communicate the movement of the tracing carriage 17 to a duplicate set of levers 22c, 25c controlling the movements of slide bars 18c, 20c and hence of the drawing point 31 mounted on the copying carriage 17c and resting on the drawing-board 10c adjustable on rails 33. If the levers 22, 25, 22c, 25c are all of the same length, an exact copy is drawn, but if the slides 32 are adjusted to decrease the effective length of either of the levers 22c, 25c, one dimension of the copy will be reduced and suitable placing of the drawing-board 10c with subsequent joining of parallels as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 will give a perspective drawing. If the effective length of both levers is reduced in differing ratios, a perspective drawing of reduced size will result.
Patent GB-866066-A (GB)
Title: Thermostats
IPC: B32B15/01
Filed: 1958-06-20
Abstract: A sheet or snap-acting disc of compound material (similar to bimetal), for a thermostat (see Group XIII), has two layers of material one of which is of electrically-nonconductive retractory material and the other of one of the following alloys, 80Ni, 20Cr; 60Ni, 16Cr, 24Fe; 60Ni, 6Fe, 34Mo; 20Cr, 20Ni, 6Mo, 54Co; or 72Mn, 18Cu, 10Ni forming the high expansion and electrical resistance, current-carrying layer.
Patent GB-449845-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of rotary condensers
IPC: H01G5/06
Filed: 1935-07-12
Abstract: 449,845. Condensers. PORZELLANFABRIK KAHLA, Kahla, Thuringia, Germany. July 12, 1935, No. 20029. Convention date, July 13, 1934. [Class 38 (ii)] A method of making rotary condensers consists in forming the rotor and stator plates and the bolts, shaft and casing of low loss ceramic material of small heat expansion, the plates, after being ground to exact shape, size and parallelism, being fitted into notches made in the ceramic bolts &c. and secured therein by glazing or soldering the latter after suitable metallizing of the surface preferably by precious metal. The sides and base of the casing are similarly secured together.
Patent GB-965317-A (GB)
Title: Novel process for preparation of synthetic rubber
IPC: C08F236/10
Filed: 1962-05-24
Abstract: A cold rubber is prepared by copolymerizing a butadiene and a styrene in an aqueous medium in the presence of a modifier comprising a mixture of at least two of the following: nonyl, decyl or undecyl mercaptans which are secondary or tertiary in structure and wherein, in the case of a binary mixture each of the mercaptans is present in an amount, in the mixture, of at least 10% and, in the case of a tertiary mixture in amount of at least 5%. The modifier may be used in amount from 0.05 to 0.5 parts per 100 monomers, preferably at 15 to 50 DEG F. and may be a mixture of decyl and undecyl mercaptans in a ratio of 10:90 to 90:10, preferably equal parts.  The modifier may be contaminated with an olefin while a tertiary mixture of nonyl, decyl and undecyl mercaptans in a ratio of 10:45:45 may be used.  The usual polymerization ingredients, e.g. catalysts p-methane hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and phenylcyclohexyl hydroperoxide, rosin soap, sodium sulphonate dispersent, sequestrant, iron sulphate, potassium perphosphate and sodium phosphate may be present as may also other modifiers. Specification 625,647 is referred to.
Patent GB-958089-A (GB)
Title: Improved checking and locating device
IPC: B23Q17/24
Filed: 1962-05-24
Abstract: 958,089. Machine tool details. MICHIGAN TOOL CO. May 24, 1962 [June 20, 1961], No. 20099/62. Heading B3B. [Also in Division G1] A machine tool table 16 or other object is rotated through a desired angle by placing thereon an instrument having a base 12 with a flat undersurface 14 incorporating holding magnets 15 and upwardly facing circumferentially spaced teeth 19 engaging similar teeth on a carriage 13 carrying a mirror 35. By raising a handle, pivoted at 24 to a vertical post 22 secured to the base 12, cams 25 allow a spring 28 to raise carriage 13 so that the circumferentially spaced teeth are disengaged and carriage 13 is rotated so that a zero mark thereon is aligned with the zero of a scale marked on the base 12 as seen through a transparent skirt 33. The handle is then lowered and cams 25 press carriage 13 downwardly to re-engage the teeth which are so tapered that the carriage is brought into concentric relationship with base 12. A collimator is set up so that the mirror 35 is perpendicular thereto, the handle and cams 25 are raised, carriage 13 rotated through the desired angle and cams 25 lowered. By turning the table 16 back until mirror 34 is again perpendicular to the collimator the table 16 has been rotated through the desired angle. Alternatively in checking calibrations on the table 16 if it is rotated back through the desired angle as denoted by the calibrations thereon any error may be measured within the collimator eyepiece.
Patent GB-355437-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in change speed mechanism
IPC: F16H61/02
Filed: 1930-07-03
Abstract: 355,437. Controlling variable-speed gearing; controlling electric motors. ROYCE, SIR F. H., Nightingale Road, Derby. July 3, 1930, No. 20197. [Class 80 (ii).] Speed changes are effected by causing the armature a, Fig. 1, of an electric motor to turn one way or the other according as the change is up or down, and then to stop when the change has been effected. Armature a slides and is normally held to the left by a spring a<8> with a brake cone a<6> held firmly. Armature a through sliding coupling b and worm b4 turns a multiple cam barrel c which operates the gearing. The gearing may be of the epicyclic type referred to in Specification 353,523 with drums e held by brake shoes e<1>, e<2> selectively. In the form shown, the shoes are normally held off by the cams and applied each by a spring f<2> when a lever d falls into a cam recess c<1>. Turning with cam barrel c is a drum switch s consisting of conducting parts g, h, separated by a stepped or inclined insulating strip j. Contacting with drum s are brushes 4, 3, 2, 1, N, R corresponding to four speeds, neutral, and reverse, connected to segments similarly denoted upon a quadrant k over which a conducting arm k<2> passes. Arm k<2> is connected to follow the movements of a selector arm upon the steering column of a vehicle. Before a change can be made, a switch n, shown also in Fig. 5, must be closed by depressing the engine clutch pedal n<2>, which first frees the engine. To change, say, to speed 1, the main switch n is closed and arm k<2> moved to cover segment 1. Two circuits are thus closed from battery l comprising solenoids and switches which effect that armature a slides to the right to unlock cone a<6>, and then turns so as to turn barrel c to apply the brake to the corresponding drum e. Drum s has also turned to bring insulating step j<1> under brush 1, which breaks the circuit, so that spring a<8> locks the armature a in the new position. Armature a turns either way. The drum e may be positively stopped by balanced locking means as described in Specification 350,114.