Patent GB-787703-A (GB)
Title: Interpolymer latices and process for the production thereof
IPC: C08F220/12
Filed: 1955-11-08
Abstract: An aqueous latex comprises an interpolymer formed from (a) 35 to 60 per cent by weight of an alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid having from 5 to 20 carbon atoms in the ester group and having from 5 to 14 carbon atoms in the longest continuous carbon chain; (b) 3 to 10 per cent of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile; (c) 2 to 5 per cent by weight of acrylic acid or a monomethyl or monophenyl derivative thereof; and (d) 60 to 25 per cent by weight of a monovinylidene aromatic hydrocarbon or a nuclear halogen substitution product thereof, the latex drying to a continuous adherent film when applied to wood at a temperature of 10 DEG  C.  Monomers specified are: (a) acrylic and methacrylic acid esters of amyl alcohol, hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol, 2-methylpentanol, heptyl alcohol, 3-methylheptyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol, oxo alcohols derived from isobutylene dimer and trimer and propylene dimer and tetramer, and mixtures of such esters; (c) acrylic, methacrylic, cinnamic, atropic and crotonic acids and mixtures thereof; (d) styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, alphamethyl - p - methylstyrene, p - chlorostyrene p - bromostyrene, 2,4 - dichlorostyrene, 2,5-dichlorostyrene, p - methylstyrene, m - ethylstyrene, p - isopropylstyrene and vinyl naphthalene and mixtures thereof.  The latices are prepared by gradually adding a mixture of 3 to 10 per cent of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile dissolved in 1.5 to 3 times its weight of the monovinylidene aromatic compound (d) to a heated aqueous bath which may contain a part of the emulsifying agent employed, concomitantly with the addition of 25 to 40 per cent of an aqueous solution containl ing a polymerization catalyst together with alor the remainder of the emulsifying agent, thereafter adding a mixture of the remainder of the monovinylidene aromatic compound together with 35 to 60 per cent of the ester (a) and the acid (c) concomitantly with the remaining 75 to 60 per cent of the aqueous solution containing the polymerization catalyst, and maintaining a polymerizing temperature until the reaction is complete, the total amount of monovinylidene aromatic compound used being 60 to 25 per cent.  Emulsifying agents specified are sodium oleate, triethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulphate, salts of the 2-ethylhexyl ester of sulphosuccinic acid and dioctylsulphosuccinic acid, the sodium salt of sulphated cetyl alcohol, an alkyl aryl polyether sulphate, alkali metal salts of rosin acids, ethylene oxide condensates of long chain fatty acids, alcohols or mercaptans, sodium salts of sulphonated hydrocarbons and alkaryl sulphates. Catalysts specified are benzoyl, lauroyl and di-tertiary butyl peroxides, cumene hydroperoxide, potassium persulphate and azo-bis-isobutyronitrile.  After preparation the latices may be rendered alkaline with ammonia or other basic substance.  In examples latices made from the following interpolymers are described: (1) 2-ethylhexyl acrylate/styrene/acrylonitrile/methacrylic acid; (3) 2-ethylhexyl acrylate/styrene/methacrylonitrile/methacrylic acid; (4) 2 - ethyl acrylate/styrene/alpha - methyl styrene/acrylonitrile/methacrylic acid; (5) 2-ethylhexyl acrylate/styrene/2,5 - dichlorostyrene/acrylonitrile/methacrylic acid; (6) 2 - ethylhexyl methacrylate/styrene/acrylonitrile/acrylic acid; (7) decyl acrylate/styrene/acrylonitrile/methacrylic acid; (8) tridecyl acrylate/styrene/acrylonitrile/methacrylic acid.