baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-0075676-A1 (WO)
Title: Vorrichtung und verfahren zur bestimmung von frequenz und amplitude einer schwingenden struktur, insbesondere zur messung von beschleunigungen oder drehraten
Inventor: SCHALK JOSEF
IPC: G01P15/14
Filed: 2000-06-06
Abstract: Eine Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von Frequenz und/oder Amplitude einer schwingenden Struktur, die insbesondere zur Messung von Beschleunigungen bzw. Drehraten dient, hat ein bewegliches Element (2), das zu einer Schwingung anregbar ist. Ein Paar von Positionssensoren (10, 11) dient zur Bestimmung der Auslenkung des beweglichen Elements (2), wobei die Positionssensoren (10, 11) derart angeordnet sind, dass sich ihre Messwerte während einer Halbwelle der Schwingung gegenseitig über- bzw. unterschreiten. Ein Komparator dient zum Vergleich der Messwerte beider Positionssensoren (10, 11) um daraus einen Schwellwert (Us) für die Halbwelle der Schwingung zu bestimmen. Eine Zeitmesseinrichtung dient zur Bestimmung der Zeitdauer, in welcher der Messwert einer der beiden Positionssensoren (10, 11) den Schwellwert (Us) überschreitet bzw. unterschreitet. Die Positionssensoren (10, 11) können z.B. Kapazitäten sein, deren Elektroden stufenartig angeordnet sind. Die Amplitudenbestimmung der Schwingung erfolgt dadurch unabhängig von einer möglichen Parallelverschiebung des beweglichen Elements (2), so dass keine Störung der Messergebnisse mehr erfolgt.
Patent WO-0109958-A1 (WO)
Title: Photodetektor für ultraviolette lichtstrahlung
Inventor: KUHLMANN WERNER
IPC: H01L31/0232
Filed: 2000-07-28
Abstract: In einem Photodetektor für ultraviolette Lichtstrahlung wird das zu detektierende UV-Licht nach Durchgang durch eine Quarzlinse (1) und ein UV-Durchlaßfilter (22) in einer vorzugsweise auf die lichtaustrittsseitige Oberfläche des UV-Durchlaßfilters (22) aufgebrachten Szintillatorschicht (25) in Lichtstrahlung größerer Wellenlänge umgewandelt, für die die Silizium-Photodiode (24) eine größere Empfindlichkeit zeigt. Gewünschtenfalls kann ein zusätzliches Kantenfilter (26) eingesetzt werden, um den Empfinlichkeitsabfall der Anordnung zwischen 350 und 400 nm zu verbessern.
Patent WO-0133763-A1 (WO)
Title: Verfahren und kommunikationssystem zum abschätzen der abwärtsverbindungs-datenübertragungsblock-auslöschungsrate aus aufwärtsverbindungs- und abwärtsverbindungs-messungen
Inventor: REFUESS ULRICH
IPC: H04L1/20
Filed: 2000-11-03
Abstract: Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Übertragungsrahmen-Fehlerrate bei der übertrageung von-Übertragungsrahmen zwischen einer mobilen Teilnehmerstation und einer Basisstation in einem Kommunikationssytem, wobei der Basisstation die Abwärtwverbindungs-Empfangsqualität (RXQUAL-DL) bei einer kommunizierenden Teilnehmerstation in einer Aufwärtsverbindung mitgeteilt wird. Weiterhin kann die Basisstation die Aufwärtsverbindungs-Empfangsqualität (RXQUAL-UL) und eine Übertragungsrahmen-Auslöschungsrate (FER-UL) bestimmen.  Zur Verbesserung der Steuerung des Kommunikationssystem wird vorgeschlagen, die bestimmte Empfangsqualität (RXQUAL-UL) und die bestimmte Übertragungsrahmen-Auslöschungsrate (FER-UL) einer Vielzahl von Aufwärtsverbindungen in Beziehung zu set-zen und in einer Nachschlagtabelle einzutragen. Damit kann dann eine Übertragungsrahmen-Fehler- oder -Auslöschungsrate 8FER-DL) in Abwärtsrichtung bei Kenntnis der Qualität (RXQUAL-DL) abgeschätzt werden.  Zur Verbesserung der Steuerung des Kommunikationssystems wird zusätzlich vorgeschlagen, die Übertragungsrahmen-Auslöschungsrate in Aufwärts- und Abwärtsrichtung (FER-UL bzw.FER-DL), unabhängig davon, wie diese bestimmt wird, in Algorithmen zu Leistungsregelung und Handover zu berücksichtigen.
Patent WO-0178111-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SCHINDLER WILHELM
IPC: B23P19/12
Filed: 2001-03-23
Abstract: According to the invention, a conveyor belt (1) is used and is provided with recesses or tops (2) which are arranged in a frame-like manner, whereby isolated semiconductor chips (3) can be inserted therein. The conveyor belt is also provided with openings (4) or holes between the chip positions. Said openings or holes are sufficiently great so that the chips can be transported through said openings. The chips used can thus be conveyed to planes above or below the conveyor belt by means of an adapted pick and place system and purely vertical movements. The chips can be further processed in said planes.
Patent WO-0213720-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HUBLE KAI R
IPC: A46B11/00
Filed: 2001-08-15
Abstract: The invention is characterized in that it can be used easily by a patient, neither the gums nor the teeth are damaged or injured and greater cleaning efficiency is also provided in the areas between the teeth and in the pockets of the gums. .In a first embodiment, the tooth cleaning device is form elastic and comprises at least one container (11) for receiving a rinsing agent (13), provided with at least one hole (12, 12'). In a second embodiment, the tooth cleaning device is form elastic and comprises at least one porous block for receiving a rinsing agent.
Patent WO-0238341-A1 (WO)
Inventor: EICHER BERNHARD
IPC: B25F5/02
Filed: 2001-08-24
Abstract: L'invention concerne une poignée de machine-outil portable (10), en particulier, d'une machine portable commandée électriquement, présentant un élément de préhension (12, 14) qui est relié, via au moins un dispositif amortisseur de vibration (16, 18), à un élément support (20, 22) et qui est fixé, via l'élément support (20, 22), à la machine-outil (10). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le dispositif amortisseur de vibration (16, 18) présente au moins un élément amortisseur de vibration constitué par un rembourrage gazeux (24, 26).
Patent WO-0242666-A1 (WO)
Title: Radialwellendrichtring und dessen verwendung
Inventor: KREUTZER SIEGMAR
IPC: F16J15/32
Filed: 2001-11-21
Abstract: Ein bekannter Radialwellendichtring (1) zum Abdichten gegenüber fluiden Medien hohen Drucks verliert seine Dichtwirkung, wenn die Richtung des Druckunterschieds sich umkehrt, beispielsweise beim Evakuieren des Druckbehälters. Durch Einlegen eines zweiten Membrankörpers (2), bevorzugt in einer Ausnehmung, auf der dem ersten Membrankörper (2) abgewandten Seite des Stützkörpers (4) wird eine Dichtung auch in dieser Richtung ohne wesentliche Erhöhung der Reibleistung und eine sichere axiale Abstützung des Dichtrings erreicht. Der Dichtring kann für Kohlendioxidkompressoren in Kältemaschinen von Klimaanlagen verwendet werden.
Patent WO-02068431-A1 (WO)
Title: Organische rot elektrolumineszierende chromophore, herstellungsverfahren und verwendungen dazu
Inventor: ROGLER WOLFGANG
IPC: C07F5/04
Filed: 2002-02-15
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft Chromophore mit halbleitenden Eigenschaften, deren Herstellung und ihre Anwendung als Luminophore in organischen Leuchtdioden (OLEDS) und organischen Solarzellen. Es handelt sich dabei um hochkondensierte Borkomplexverbindungen, in denen die Boratome durch Aufbau von Spirozentren bessere Verarbeitbarkeit, Löslichkeit und Erhöhung der Fluoreszenzquantenausbeute bewirken.
Patent WO-02077991-A1 (WO)
Inventor: BECKER VOLKER
IPC: G11B17/051
Filed: 2002-03-20
Abstract: Es wird ein Laufwerk (1) mit einem Einzug (5) für plattenförmige Speichermedien (10) vorgeschlagen, das Beschädigungen des Abspielbereichs solcher Speichermedien (10) verhindert. Der Einzug (5) umfasst eine Gewindestange (15) mit einer Drehachse (20) in Einschubrichtung (25) des Speichermediums (10). Der Gewindegang (30) der Gewindestange (15) wirkt mit dem Randbereich (35) eines in den Einzug (5) eingeführten Speichermediums (10) derart zusammen, dass das Speichermedium (10) durch Drehung der Gewindestange (15) je nach Drehrichtung (40) in das Laufwerk (1) eingezogen oder aus dem Laufwerk (1) ausgeschoben wird.
Patent WO-03075114-A1 (WO)
Inventor: BURGSTALER ANDREE
IPC: B60T7/06
Filed: 2003-02-18
Abstract: The invention relates to a device for adjusting a connecting piece (6) that is mounted on a bearing device (5) in a manner that enables it to rotate. The connecting piece is preferably part of a foot control in a motor vehicle, to which a transmission unit (7) for transmitting the motion of the connecting piece (6) is coupled. The inventive device comprises an adjusting mechanism (4) for adjusting the position of the connecting piece (6), and a locking unit that prevents an unwanted adjustment of the connecting piece (6). The bearing device (5) comprises a bearing shell (3) and a base plate (1). The bearing shell (3) is displaceably connected to the base plate (1) that is mounted on the vehicle in a fixed manner. When the locking unit is disengaged, the bearing shell (3) can be displaced along the base plate (1) in such a manner that the position of the transmission unit (7) coupled to the connecting piece (6) remains unchanged when adjusting the connecting piece (6) that is mounted on the bearing device (5), whereby the adjusting mechanism (4) is integrated in the bearing device (5).
Patent DE-1801212-A1 (DE)
Title: Carpet seaming tape having a barrier web a joining web and a hot melt - adhesive layer
Inventor: DONALD BURGESS CHRALES
IPC: A47G27/04
Filed: 1968-10-04
Abstract: Face aeaming of carpets, using a tape having a barrier web, a joining web, and a layer of hot-melt adhesive, the joining web being formed of discrete elements spaced from each other to provide interstices between the elements, common means securing the joining web and the adhesive layer to one side of the barrier layer. The adhesive layer weighs at least 0.12 oz./ft. tape length. The barrier web is pref. formed of paper, and acts to prevent the flow of molten adhesives away from the carpets to be joined. The joining web may be a woven tape of loose structure or a loosely constituted fibrous webbing, pref. of glass fibre. The voids in the joining web. enable the adhesive to penetrate it and anchor it to the joining web.
Patent DE-1908691-A1 (DE)
Title: Pvc based plasticel
Inventor: SCHREIBER HERBERT
IPC: C08K5/04
Filed: 1969-02-21
Abstract: Vinyl chloride (mixed) polymer based plastigel. Contains cycloaliphatic softener with (a) non-aromatic ring structure and (b) (at least) C5 replaceable (in part) by O2. Yields plastic mass at raised temp. for lifelike toys (mfre.) which when deformed, slowly return to their original shape.
Patent DE-1935231-A1 (DE)
Title: Current yield determination of electrolytic - baths
Inventor: HANS-WILHELM LIEBER DR-ING
IPC: G01R1/30
Filed: 1969-07-11
Abstract: The electrolytic cell contains the electrolyte and the electrodes. A source of constant current which is adjustable according to the current density is connected to the electrodes. A control device which contains an impulse former, controls the amount of electricity passed in so that 100% current yield is obtained. After the required amount of electricity has passed through, current is switched off and the substance deposited at the cathode is measured.
Patent DE-1956261-A1 (DE)
Title: Charge distribution aid for shaft furnaces
Inventor: NIEBOER PIETER
IPC: C21B7/18
Filed: 1969-11-08
Abstract: Mechanism for the distribution of a granular charge from a charging bell of a pressurised vertical shaft furnace, over a wider horizontal area consisting of a vertically displaceable outer ring with an inwards pointing deflection lip which is lowered into the path of the falling charge so as to deflect it inwards and also an inner ring of fixed height below and at a smaller radius than the discharge lip of the bell for deflecting outward into a intermediate position.
Patent DE-1964102-A1 (DE)
Title: Leather stamping safety device
Inventor: MUEHLBACH ANTON
IPC: C14B5/00
Filed: 1969-12-22
Abstract: The sides of the stamp are shrouded with pliable sheets on mountings carrying micro-switches to open the operating circuit should the shroud strike an operator's hand or other obstruction. The gap between shroud and stamp is at least equal to the length of the throw of the stamp from the start of its initial acceleration to the point of rest on an intermediate halt.
Patent DE-2016622-A1 (DE)
Title: Anthelmintic benzimidazole deriv
IPC: C07D235/10
Filed: 1970-04-08
Abstract: Anthelmintically active medicaments contain 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2-trifluoromethylbenzimidazole (I) as active substance. (I) has good activity against parasitic helminths such as nematodes and trematodes (esp. Fasciola hepatica) and is suitable for use in human or veterinary medicine. Dosage is generally 0.1-5 mg/kg/day, pref. orally or parenterally.
Patent DE-2037020-A1 (DE)
Title: Nickel base alloy of improved stress - rupture properties
IPC: C22C19/05
Filed: 1970-07-25
Abstract: Nickel base super alloy for manufacture of turbine blading for jet aircraft, consists of 0.05 - 0.25% C, 5 - 8% Cr, 0.5 - 4.0% Mo, 0.5 - 2.0% Ti, 4.5 - 6.5% Al, 1 - 10% Co, 4 - 8% W, 0 - 2% Re, 0.2 - 3.0% Hf, 0.01 - 0.50 Zr, 0.005 - 0.200 B, 6 - 10% Ta, 0 - 2% Nb, 0 - 1% V, balance Ni. The sum of Mo, W and Ta is 15 - 20% of the amount distribution being Ta > W > Mo. The stress rupture life of the alloy at an applied stress of 15,000 p.s.i. at 2000 degrees F is 20 hr. Spec. there is sufficient Ni present to provide the compound Ni3AlxTiy, where x + y=1, but y 0.6.
Patent DE-2045881-A1 (DE)
Title: Alpha-chloro-alpha-formylcarbonyl phenylhydrazones - prepn - from diazotised anilines and chloroacetaldehyde, used as inse
IPC: C07C47/24
Filed: 1970-09-17
Abstract: Cpds. of formula:- (where X is one or more halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, NO2, CN, alkylthio or alkylsulphony gps) with acaricidal and insecticidal activity, and also useful as intermediates for plant protection agents and pharmaceuticals, are prepd. by reacting the corresp. X-substd. diazotised aniline with an aqs. soln. of chloroacetaldehyde or its hemihydrate at 0-80 degrees C pref. 25-40 degrees C at pH 3-8 pref. 4-6.
Patent DE-2048430-A1 (DE)
Title: Etching information carrier - through masking coat partly removed by laser beam
IPC: G11B7/24
Filed: 1970-10-02
Abstract: A method for making an information area comprising a relief surface patterned according to the information by using a laser beam or electron beam modulated to transmit the information, is carried out by first coating the carrier support with a material of such type and sufficiently thin that the beam easily evaporates it; the coating is also resistant however to an etching material so that when etching is carried out the message applied to the coating by the beam becomes etched into the support. Galvanic application may be used as an alternative to etching. Specif. the coating is 500 angstroms thick of Mg, Cd, Zn, Pb, Bi or Al upon a metal or ceramic base. The method may be used for forming printing dies.
Patent DE-2056916-A1 (DE)
Title: Clay granules prodn - of size 0 2-4mm
IPC: C04B20/06
Filed: 1970-07-31
Abstract: Clay granules are produced from dry ground clay using the separation plant according to the main patent consisting of a sieving machine with a sieving surface and coating knife, a conveyor with a powder bath, a sieve for the separation of granules from powder, and fluid bed drying and firing plant. The sieving machine employed is of the revolving barrel type comprising an outer shell fitted with a feeding device for the paste and coating knives for pressing the paste through the cylindrical sieve. Inside the sieve is a bed of powder which together with the droplets discharges onto a conveyor to the fluidised bed.
Patent DE-2138037-A1 (DE)
Title: Removal of oil pollution - and suspended materials from water,using hydrophobic cellulose fibres
Inventor: ORTH JUN GEORGE OTTO
IPC: B01D17/02
Filed: 1971-07-29
Abstract: The polluted water is brought into acontact with a hydrophobic cellulose fibre material which shows an affinity for the suspended matter. The cellulose material is pref. wood fibre with the individual fibres completely coated with hydrophobic material, pref. wax, bitumen, resin, elastomer or thermoplastic resin. The coated fibres may be moulded into a suitable shape before use. The materials are able to absorb oil, suspensions slimes, gels, etc. from water up to their volume capacity without sinking.
Patent DE-2141382-A1 (DE)
Title: Tablet press machine - with precise measurement of exerted pressing and ejection forces on tablet blank
IPC: B30B11/08
Filed: 1971-08-14
Abstract: The upper and lower dies are each inserted in a piston with the upper piston guided into the matrix to press the blank and the lower guided through the matrix to eject it, in which one or both pistons are provided with a bore in which a plug gauge fits with one end supported in the upper or lower piston and with the central axial part of the gauge having a smaller o.d. than the piston bore dia. and equipped with wire strain gauges. The matrix end of the plug gauge accepts the upper or lower die.
Patent DE-2156912-A1 (DE)
Title: Additive for animal feed - which improves acceptance of feed by animal
Inventor: STEPHENSON JOHN LOUIS
IPC: A23K20/105
Filed: 1971-11-16
Abstract: Compsn. for animal ingestion comprises a balanced food and additive contg. 28%-30% of each of squalene, oleyl alcohol, and oleic acid and 10-18% linoleic acid. The additive suitably forms 0.2-1% wt. of the compsn. The additive increases acceptance of food by animals such as dogs, swine and other domestic animals and increases the wt. gain per lb. of food.
Patent DE-2159301-A1 (DE)
Title: Hydrocarbon hydroperoxides prodn - by oxidn of hydrocarbon in presence of akali metal fluoride
Inventor: MEAD THEODORE CHARLES
IPC: C07C409/14
Filed: 1971-11-30
Abstract: Hydroperoxides of formula (where R and R1 = H or 1-10C alkyl, >=1 R being alkyl, R2=1-10C n-alkyl, x=3-10) are prepd. by contacting hydrocarbons of formula (I); COOH is CH and (II); COOH is CH with an O2 contg. gas in the presence of 0.1-10 (pref. 1-5) wt.% KF at 100-350 (pref. 160-250) degrees F under press. of 7-100 p.s.i. The KF particles have dism. 0.04-1.5 mm. The mole ratio of O2 to hydrocarbon is >1:10 and pref. in the range 1:5 to 2:1.
Patent DE-2256539-A1 (DE)
Title: Fractional distillation - of raw spirit soln by head fluid cooling without dephlegmation
Inventor: MIKLAU RICHARD DIPL ING
IPC: C10G7/02
Filed: 1972-11-17
Abstract: The fore-runnings are separated from a diluted 20-25 vol.% raw spirit solution by fractional azeotropic distillation. The raw spirit solution is introduced at the head of a fractionating column which is steam heated at the bottom. The spirit solution is freed from the fore-runnings and extracted at the bottom. The fluid from several plates at the top is recirculated through a cooler. Vapours with a high content of fore-runnings are extracted at the head and are liquefied in a cooler without any dephlegmation.
Patent DE-2262040-A1 (DE)
Title: Multiple glazing sheet - comprising three or four separate panes and used as thermal and acoustic insulation and safety glass
Inventor: WEIGT PAUL DIPL-PHYS DR
IPC: C03C27/12
Filed: 1972-12-19
Abstract: Unit comprising three or four separate panes, esp. two pairs of outer and inner panes or one pair of outer and inner panes and one single pane, whereby the inner panes or the inner pane and the one single pane are sepd. by an end batten and a brace is formed around the inner and the single or the two inner panes enclosing and contacting the end batten.
Patent DE-2322311-A1 (DE)
Title: Continuously electropolishing copper or copper alloys - by passing as anode through two electrolysers contg. phosphoric acid and copper ions one at const. temp
Inventor: PRZYLUSKI JAN DR ING
IPC: C25F3/22
Filed: 1973-05-03
Abstract: Cu or Cu materials, esp. cylindrical materials, e.g. wire or tubes, for electronics and other industrial uses, are continuously electro-polished to obtain very smooth surfaces by passing through 2 consecutive electrolysers filled with an electrolyte soln. contg. 70-90 wt. % H3PO4, Cu ions in concn. of 0.05-2 g ion/1 H3PO4 and org. additives. In 1st electrolyser, (I) is passivated at a const. soln. temp. of 70-100 degrees C, using an anodic current density of 0.1-2 mA/cm2 of (I). In 2nd electrolyser, temp. is 10-30 degrees C at inlet and 60-140 degrees C at outlet, and voltage between (I) as anode and the cathode is 1.5-2.5 v. depending on type of additives. Pref. org. additives consist of 1-100 g/l tert. aliphatic amines and/or 1-5 mg/l alkyl ammonium cpds.
Patent DE-2333614-A1 (DE)
Title: Powder metallurgy composite anode matrixes - as multi phase strip from coarse and fine materials
Inventor: HORN WERNER GUSTAV
IPC: B22F1/052
Filed: 1973-07-02
Abstract: The strip is produced from a coarse particled Cu of Fe (alloy) matrix phase (I) and a fine powder originating phase (II) made up of Fe, Al, Pb, graphite, Mo S2, Al oxide, Ba sulphate. Al silicate, or Si carbide. Before compaction (I) is of particle size 150-1200 mu, and (II) of size 50 mu. Additionally (II) represents 0.1-20 vol% of the product. To form the strip, (I) is initially preheated just above recryst. temp. esp. 350-500 degrees C for Cu (alloy) and (II) added just prior to compaction. Segregation effects are minimised and high compacting speeds through rolls can be achieved e.g. 200 ft./min.
Patent DE-2336211-A1 (DE)
Title: Pneumatic power cylinder - inverted cup-shaped piston connected to U-shaped elastic diaphragm
Inventor: STOLL KURT DIPL-ING
IPC: F15B15/10
Filed: 1973-07-17
Abstract: On a rigid base two concentric length of tubing are fitted. On the outer surface of the small tube slides the inverted cup-shaped piston the gap between the inner surface of the piston and the outer surface of the cylinder being fitted with a gland providing at the same time a positive glide control for the piston operation. To the bottom part of the piston one end of the elastic U-shaped diaphragm is attached, the other end is fitted to the top part of the larger of the concentric tubes. Compressed air is introduced through the base into the annular space between the two tubes. Between the top of the hollow piston and the centre of the base is a return spring.
Patent DE-2339484-A1 (DE)
Title: Fixing fishing-line guides on fishing rods - by bonded resin-impregnated sleeves placed over feet on guides
Inventor: BUTLER JAMES OSCAR
IPC: A01K87/04
Filed: 1973-08-03
Abstract: Fishing rod has at least one fishing-line guide with a pair of feet, and bonded, resin-impregnated sleeves for holding the guide on the rod, these sleeves having two ends joined by a connection extending along the rod, and arranged under tension in the peripheral direction around the rod and over the feet. Easy, rapid fixing of the of the guides on the rod in a durable secure manner is achieved with an attractive appearance and minimum use of matl.
Patent DE-2340131-A1 (DE)
Title: Mowing machine with auxiliary appts. - includes spring tyne rake and weed cutter attachments
Inventor: KOHLMANN RICHARD
IPC: A01B45/00
Filed: 1973-08-08
Abstract: A mowing machine of the kind having a horizontally rotating blade about a vertical spindle has auxiliary apparatus fitted in front of the blade. A spring tyne rake for scratching out moss and dead grass is attached to a bar on one end of a pivotable arm. The arm may be raised to an inoperative position by a Bowden cable. The force of the ground acting on the tynes is used to maintain the rake in an operative position. The spring tyne rake can be replaced with a set of knives having hooked ends useful for cutting up flat weeds in the path of the mower.
Patent DE-2344857-A1 (DE)
Title: Universal drive electric bus - with universal fitting pantograph and internal battery and electronic control applied in motion
Inventor: GERHARD ALBERT
IPC: B60L11/18
Filed: 1973-09-06
Abstract: The two parallel overhead wires are wiped by a universal pantograph whose wiper has five contact strips in two lines at 90 deg. to the wires, with the two rear contacts bridging the gaps between the three front ones. An automatic electronic selector control and a bank of rectifiers ensures that the polarity to the traction motor is correct, with the drive controlled by thyristors. The internal battery is charged during the time the vehicle is powered from overhead lines and drives it when there are no overhead lines available. The centre contact serves as a control strip to operate the horizontal servo to keep the wiper centrally on the wires. The pantograph can be applied without stopping the vehicle and provides a flexible trolleybus system.