Patent EA-005300-B1 (EA)
Title: Solar station of hot water supply and solar heat collector therefor
Inventor: VINOGRADOV VLADIMIR SERGEEVICH
IPC: F24S10/70
Filed: 2003-12-30
Abstract: 1. A solar station for hot water supply, comprising a solar battery, which includes at least two solar collectors connected therebetween by a flange pipe, a storage tank, a water supply piping from the storage tank to the solar battery, a water discharge piping from the storage tank to the solar battery, a cold water supply piping to the storage tank, a hot water discharge piping to a user, wherein the cold water supply piping to the storage tank and the water supply piping from the storage tank to the solar battery are connected to the bottom section of the storage battery and the hot water discharge piping from the solar battery to the storage tank and the hot water discharge piping to the user are connected to the upper section of the storage tank, characterized in that each collector of the storage battery is provided with an individual heat sensor and an individual hot water discharge piping via the flange pipe, wherein locking devices are provided in places of crossing the flange pipes with the pipings, the water supply piping from the storage tank to the solar battery is provided with a water pump, and the storage tank comprises heat exchangers of different capacity: bigger - for heating of water, smaller - for domestic needs. 2. The solar station for hot water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that provided with a program electronic device for controlling the heat sensors, the water pump electrical motor and the locking devices. 3. The solar station for hot water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar collectors are fixed at an operation premises being adapted to rotate relative to the axis and to the horizon. 4. The solar station for hot water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar collectors are fixed at an operation premises at an angle to the horizon, which meets the angle of the sun descent to the horizon at the given time. 5. The solar station for hot water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the solar collectors are fixed at an operation premises to a building wall oriented East-West, the rest - on the building roof. 6. The solar station for hot water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar collectors can have any geometry. 7. The solar station for hot water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar collectors the capacities of heat exchangers for heating and for domestic needs are rated as 1:4. 8. The solar station for hot water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage tank and the hot water discharge piping from the solar collectors to the storage tank are heat-insulated. 9. A solar heat collector, comprising a transparent upper panel, a heat-insulating layer, a heat absorbing panel designed as a set of parallel metal pipes for liquid carrier connected to the bottom surface of the heat absorbing panel, characterized in that further comprises a support heat-insulating panel arranged beneath the heat-insulating panel, and the metal parallel pipes of the heat-insulating panel are embedded in the metal energy absorbing sheet, wherein the support heat-insulating panel, the heat-insulating layer, heat-absorbing and the transparent upper panel are tightly connected into a rigid structure and metal or plastic profiles are arranged atop or bottom of the structure along its perimeter. 10. The solar heat collector according to claim 9, characterized in that parallel metal pipes embedded in the metal energy absorbing sheet are arranged along the short panel sides and connected therebetween by pipes arranged along the long panel sides. 11. The solar heat collector according to claim 9, characterized in that the energy absorbing sheet of the heat-absorbing panel is made of aluminum having black or selective coating on the outer surface and embedded metal pipes are made of copper. 12. The solar heat collector according to claim 9, characterized in that has two openings on its outer end sides for fluid feeding and discharging. 13. The solar heat collector according to claim 9, characterized in that a mixture of water and antifreeze or a similar product is used in winter as liquid heat carrier in a 1:1 ratio. 14. The solar heat collector according to claim 9, characterized in that rubber packing is provided between panels and the heat-insulating layer along the collector perimeter. 15. The solar heat collector according to claim 9, characterized in that the support heat-insulating panel, the heat-insulating layer, heat-absorbing and the transparent upper panel are tightly connected into a rigid structure mechanically, by bolts, for example. 16. The solar heat collector according to claim 9, characterized in that the support heat-insulating panel is made of wood, veneer, woodchip board or of plastic and the like materials. 17. The solar heat collector according to claim 9, characterized in that the heat-insulating layer is made of foam plastic, glass wool, mineral wool or basalt fiber or articles thereof.