baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1372458-A (GB)
Title: Receivers for optical signals
IPC: H04B10/2507
Filed: 1972-08-08
Abstract: 1372458 Optical communications link WESTERN ELECTRIC CO 8 Aug 1972 [16 Aug 1971] 36970/72 Heading G1A In an optical transmission system in which an optical fibre is used to link transmitter and receiver, and in which optical fibre exhibits double reverse scattering which produces a component in the receiver output which interferes with the signal to be this latter component is compensated for by including in the receiver an equalizer circuit operating on the detector output to provide minimization of the double reverse scattered signal. This scattering results from light which is scatterd backwards from one point on the fibre, back to a previous point where it undergoes further scattering this time in a forward direction,but which therefore provides signal component considerably delayed with respect to the main signal. The detector response to this delayed interfering component can be represented in the receiver circuit by an R-C integrator circuit. Thus in Fig. 3, the detector signal is split up into a main component r(t) which is delayed at 36 and combined at 34 (differencing circuit) with the component r(t) which has been passed through integrator circuit 35. There is still an interfering component in the output of 34 but at a much lower level than originally. To provide even greater attenuation of the interfering component an iterative arrangement of RC equalizers may be provided, Fig.4 (not shown).
Patent GB-1401410-A (GB)
Title: Control of chemical processes
IPC: C01B17/04
Filed: 1973-08-06
Abstract: 1401410 Claus process R P RANKINE D G EARL and R MELLOR 6 Aug 1973 [7 Aug 1972] 37186/73 Heading C1A [Also in Division B1] A method of monitoring and controlling the production of a chemical substance by a chemical process comprises sampling the output of the process, chemically treating the sample to convert all of one element therein (being an element which is a constituent of the chemical substance) into a first compound and all of another element therein (being an element not forming a constituent of the chemical substance, and the flow rate of which is the same at the outlet as at the inlet of the process; hereinafter called the "reference element") into another compound; measuring the ratio of these compounds and thence the atomic ratio of the elements; and using this ratio to alter a controllable variable in the process to maximize production. The inlet to the process may also be sampled and similarly treated so as to evaluate process losses. As applied to the Claus process for recovering sulphur from an H 2 S-containing gas stream by oxidizing part of the H 2 S to SO 2  and reacting the latter with the remainder of the H 2 S to give sulphur, which is condensed and separated as liquid the constituent element is sulphur and the reference element may be carbon or hydrogen; the chemical treatment is oxidation to SO 2  and CO 2  or H 2 O; the process variable may be the air input to the oxidation, or a process temperature.
Patent GB-935111-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fluid pressure regulator valves
Inventor: WELLS GEORGE MAYES
IPC: G05D16/06
Filed: 1958-11-19
Abstract: 935,111. Lamps for detecting combustible gases. COAL INDUSTRY (PATENTS) Ltd. Nov. 19, 1959 [Nov. 19, 1958], No. 37196/58. Class 75 (4). [Also in Group XXIX] A flame methanometer consists of a base 50 with a chimney 51, the base housing an annular tank 52 containing a pressurized liquid-gaseous fuel, e.g. butane; fuel in gaseous form passes from the top of the tank through a pipe 63 in the tank past an on/off valve 55 to a line 54 that leads to a burner 56, which line contains a diaphragm 57 with a small hole therethrough, a pressure regulator 58, as in Fig. 2, not shown (see also Group XXIX), and another diaphragm 59 with a hole therethrough; the regulator 58 is connected on its outlet side to a tapping point 60 to enable the full pressure to be gauged. The chimney 51 comprises an outer casing 62 mounted above a glass cylinder 63 whilst a gap 64 is provided therebetween; two conical gauzes 66, 67 inside the casing 62 encircle a flame tube 68. The hot products of combustion rising through the chimney 51 draw a continuous sample of ambient atmosphere through the gap 64 between the cylinder 63 and tube 68 to the region of the burner 61 where any combustible constituent is ignited; the resulting temperature increase of the combustion products is measured by thermocouples 70, which indicate the combustible constituent content of the sample. Any increase in ambient temperature is corrected either by the electrical circuit of the thermocouples or by inserting a thermosensitive flow restrictor in the line 54.
Patent GB-1088671-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sound-deadening material
Inventor: WESTON MICHAEL ANDREW
IPC: C08L95/00
Filed: 1963-09-21
Abstract: A sound-deadening sheet comprises (a) bitumen, (b) filler, and (c) synthetic hydrocarbon rubber.  Based on the weight of (a), the composition contains not less than 400% (b) and not less than 25% nor more than 200% (c). When laid on an upward-facing steel panel the sheet wilts into conformity on heating in an oven.  The sheet may also comprise, e.g.5-50% based on (a) of natural resin or modified natural resin.  Bitumen (a) preferably has PEN 400-500, and may be straight run or blown; or may be harder, preferably with a mineral or vegetable oil softening agent. Filler (b) may be whiting, limestone, barytes, silica or mixture thereof, and may contain up to 20% mica. Synthetic rubber (c) may be a butadiene/ styrene copolymer in which the styrene content does not exceed 30% by weight of the rubber, with Mooney plasticity 25-60 at 100 DEG  C., or butyl rubber, polybutadiene or polyisobutylene. The sheet may be nupervious and provided on one surface with a pattern of narrow intersecting grooves, or may be perforated by a pattern of holes.  The sheets may be bonded to metal by heat, with or without use of an adhesive, non-bituminous coating.  Two plies of sheet containing differing proportions of ingredients may be used.ALSO:A sound-deadening sheet of bituminous composition may be coated with acrylic or phenolic resin adhesive.  The adhesives may be butyl acrylate or cashew nut oil/formaldehyde resins.  The coated sheet may be attached to a metal panel by means of heat.  The bituminous composition comprises bitumen, filler, and synthetic hydrocarbon rubber, with or without natural resin or derivatives thereof.  The sheets may be impervious and provided on one surface with a pattern of grooves, or may be perforated.
Patent GB-1477037-A (GB)
Title: Production of heterogeneous metal compositions
IPC: B22F3/16
Filed: 1974-08-23
Abstract: 1477037 Powder metallurgy SIEMENS AG 23 Aug 1974 [13 Sept 1973] 37243/74 Heading C7D  Powder mixtures of two or more of Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Ti and Zr with Fe, Cu or Ni constituting 35-60 volume % of the mixture, are cold pressed to a porosity no more than 30 volume %, sintered in a protective gas or under vacuum and the sintered body is hot compressed below the melting point of the lowest melting point of any metal present to provide a final porosity of no more than 2 volume % avoiding the formation of a liquid phase during the hot compression. The product may be annealed in protective gas or vacuum, the hot compression may be effected by drop-forging, pressing or extrusion and the composition may be used for contact materials in vacuum switches.
Patent GB-910713-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to shock absorbing devices for moving bodies
Inventor: JEFFERY DEREK BOYD
IPC: G21C7/20
Filed: 1959-11-03
Abstract: 910,713. Non-frictional brakes. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Nov. 2, 1960 [Nov. 3, 1959], No. 37296/59. Class 103 (1). [Also in Group XL (a)] A shock-absorbing device, suitable for a reactor shut-down or control rod 1, comprises a plastically deformable helically-wound tube 14, Fig. 1 (Prov.), arranged to be compressed between a flange 13 of a rod 12 attached to a head 5, and a flanged number 4 attached to a tubular member 3, by relative movement between the parts 3, 4 to dissipate the energy of such movement. The member 3 is screwed to the rod 1 and contains shear pins 7 projecting into an annular part 6. When the rod 1 falls, a shoulder 8 of the head 5 engages an arresting member, a spring 10 is compressed by the annular part 6 and, if the impact is great enough the pins 7 shear to allow the number 4 and number 3 to continue their downward motion, the tube 14 then being deformed plastically and also engaging the rod 12 frictionally. In another embodiment, Fig. 3, a shut-down rod 21 is held in a supporting head 22 by latches 25 which are held operative by a sliding collar 26 such that when the rod is released the collar 26 engages and arresting member, the pins 27 shear, and the collar 26 slides to release the latches and free the rod 21. An impacting member 23 at the lower end of the rod compresses a helical deformable tube 28 against a collar 30 which is attached to the wall of the rod, a plunger 29 attached to member 23 simultaneously sliding through the collar.
Patent GB-905664-A (GB)
Title: Power plant including a gas turbine
Inventor: COCKBURN DAVID MARK
IPC: F02C7/08
Filed: 1959-11-03
Abstract: 905,664. Gas turbine plant. DE HAVILLAND ENGINE CO. Ltd. Nov. 3, 1960 [Nov. 3, 1959; March 7, 1960], Nos. 37321/59 and 37782/60. Divided out of 905,663. Class 110 (3). A power plant includes a combustion chamber and a turbine using the combustion gas as working fluid, the combustion gas or air being heated before admission to the turbine in a heater which is heated by means of an electric generator, the energy supplied to the generator being derived from the heat in the exhaust gases from the turbine. In Fig. 1 combustion gases are generated in an auxiliary gas turbine set comprising an air compressor 13, combustion chamber 36 and turbine 12, the turbine driving the compressor. The gases discharging from the turbine 12 are then re-heated in a heater 14 by means of an electric resistance element 25, and then pass to a second combustion chamber 15 where they are further heated by burning fuel therein. The combustion gases then enter the main turbine 11 which is indicated as driving a ship's propeller. The exhaust gases then pass to a steam generator 17, the steam generated passing through line 18 to the steam turbine 21 which drives an electric generator 24, current from which flows to the resistance element 25. The steam is withdrawn from the turbine 21 by means of an extraction pump 22 and passed to a condenser 23. The steam generator is supplied by means of a feed pump 19. An astern turbine 26 is mounted on the same shaft as the turbine 11 and gas is supplied to either turbine by operation of the valves 27. Air from the compressor 13 of the gas generating set may be preheated in a heater 31 having an electric heating element supplied from the generator 24. In Fig. 2, the gas generating set again comprises a compressor 13, combustion chamber 36 and turbine 12, the gases passing from the turbine 12 to the main turbine 11 with no reheating therebetween, but in this case two stages of preheating are provided upstream of the combustion chamber 36. The exhaust gases from the turbine 11 pass through a first stage air preheater 33, the gases then passing to the steam generator 17, the steam generated passing to a steam turbine 21 driving an electric generator 24 as in the first embodiment. Current from the generator 24 is fed to the electric resistance element 31 in the second stage air preheater 14. In a further embodiment, current for the electric resistance element is generated in a thermopile which instead of being driven by an engine generates electric power directly from the heat in the exhaust gases from the turbine. The combustion gases may alternatively be generated in a free piston gas generator instead of in the compressor-turbine set.
Patent GB-995188-A (GB)
Title: Spatial discriminator for analyzing the cross-section of particle beams
IPC: G01T1/29
Filed: 1963-09-23
Abstract: 995,188. Electron multipliers; mass spectrometers. BENDIX CORPORATION. Sept. 23, 1963 [Sept. 28, 1962], No. 37386/63. Heading H1D. A spatial discriminator for analyzing the cross-section of a particle beam comprises an array 10 of channel electron multipliers of the kind disclosed in Specification 950,640, each channel receiving a different part of the beam, and an anode disposed at the output end of each channel to detect separately a signal produced by the particles entering that channel. As shown, the discriminator is used in a mass spectrometer, ions from source 1 being deflected by a magnetic field so that ions of the same mass enter the same column of channels in the multiplier array 10. The anodes comprise wires 18, 24 &c. passing through an insulating base 16, and the anodes of each column of channels are connected to a common terminal and to an ammeter 22, 40 &c. The discriminator may also be used to determine the cross-section of experimental molecular beams, or beams produced by particle accelerators.
Patent GB-1173259-A (GB)
Title: Automatically Reversible Cartridge Tape Recorder
IPC: G11B15/44
Filed: 1968-08-06
Abstract: 1,173,259. Feeding record tapes. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 6 Aug., 1968 [15 Nov., 1967], No. 37390/68. Heading G5R. A tape recorder having an automatic tape reversal facility and able to accept tape cassettes comprises a deck 12 supporting dual capstans 17, 17<SP>1</SP>, dual reel hubs 18, 18<SP>1</SP> and associated drive means 22, 22<SP>1</SP>, and a carriage 11 movable between two positions A, A<SP>1</SP>; the carriage 11 movably supports dual pinch rollers 15, 15<SP>1</SP> which are in an engagement position with respect to the capstans 17, 17<SP>1</SP> when the carriageis in position A, actual engagement of one or other pinch roller with its capstan and of the corresponding drive means 22 or 221 with its reel hub 18 or 18<SP>1</SP> being effected by means of a plate 13 movable between two positions B, B<SP>1</SP> with respect to the carriage 11 in response to means for sensing the end of the tape. This sensing means may detect a conductive or transparent portion in the tape or the cessation of rotation of one of the reel hubs, e.g. using a capacitor which is charged by rotation of the hub and discharged when rotation ceases, and may control a solenoid (61, Figs. 3, 4 and 5) which moves the plate 13 either laterally, Fig. 1 (and Fig. 3), or rotarily (Figs. 2 and 4). The carriage 11 carries a magnetic head 14 and dual erase heads (44, 44<SP>1</SP>, Figs. 3 and 4). Tape reversal is accompanied by track selection, either by means of head switching or through the shifting of the head 14 by a cam (121) carried by the plate 13 (Figs. 6a and 6b).
Patent GB-1185560-A (GB)
Title: Patterning device for a circular Knitting Machine
Inventor: CHLADEK OTOKAR
IPC: D04B15/66
Filed: 1968-08-06
Abstract: 1,185,560. Knitting machines. ELITEX-ZAVODY TEXTILNIHO STROJIRENSTVI GENERALNI REDITELSTVI. 6 Aug., 1968 [30 Aug., 1967], No. 37408/68. Heading D1C. Coaxial with the normal patterning drum 8 at each feed of a multi-feed knitting machine, an auxiliary rotatable drum 10 is provided controlling slats attached to pressing elements provided in selected openings in a panel which elements engage the levers 22 controlled by drum 8 to over-ride its selection. Drums 8 and 10 carry pins 9 and 11, 12 respectively and are mounted between plates 5, 6 adjacent a pin 13 carrying levers 25, 26, levers 22, arms 14, 15 carrying a disengaging bar 16, and a disengaging lever 17 biassed by spring 20 and controlled by cable 19. Levers 22 are each biassed by a spring 49 and each comprise three arms 22a, 22b, 22c and openings 23 through which pass a bar 24 mounted between plates 5, 6. Arms 22b engage the butts 4 of needle selecting devices in needle cylinder 2. Levers 25, 26 co-operate respectively with slats 27, 31 slidable in grooves 28, 32 in a plate 29 mounted between plates 5, 6 with their lower ends engaging stop 33. Slats 27, 31 co-operate respectively with pins 35, 37 slidable in openings 34, 36 in plate 29. Drum 10 is mounted on a shaft 38 and extends outside drum 8 having a recess 42 which can be uncovered so as to be engaged by a pawl 39 on drum 8 so that drum 10 is driven with drum 8. Recess 42 is normally covered by one arms of a spring biassed lever 44 operated by a Bowden cable. In operation, release of cable 19 allows normal patterning to take place. When normal patterning is to be interrupted, recess 42 is uncovered and drum 10 is driven and according to the arrangement of pins 11, 12 slats 27, 31 may be pressed against pins 35, 37 which engage the arms 22c, of levers 22 to prevent the levers which were selected from engaging butts 4.
Patent GB-820888-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for developing and fixing exposed photographic paper
Inventor: SCHWIENBACHER GEORG
IPC: G03B27/30
Filed: 1955-12-30
Abstract: 820,888. Photographic processing apparatus; contact printing. DELPLANQUE, M. L. A. Dec. 30, 1955, No. 37518/55. Class 98(2) Photographic processing apparatus comprises two liquid receptacles through which exposed photographic paper is passed, each receptacle containing at least one pair of rollers the lower one of which dips. into the liquid and the upper one is connected to a common driven shaft, a lever switch being provided at the inlet which is operated on the insertion of the paper to start an electric motor for the driven shaft. In Fig. 1, the two baths 3, 5 each contain two pairs of rollers the lower ones 8, 8a, 10, 10a dipping into the liquids and the upper ones 7, 7a, 9, 9a being driven from electric motor 11 by a common shaft 12. The lever switch 39 projects into the inlet opening 2 and switches on the motor 11 on the insertion of a paper. The switch is maintained closed by feelers 44, 45, 46, 47 which are connected to the lever switch 39 and project into the path of the paper. The apparatus may be combined with a contact printer of the type having a transparent cylinder driven by an endless belt and rotating round the light source. The cylinder belt is driven from the common motor 11 and a further feeler switch is provided with levers in the printer inlet and outlet guides and is connected in parallel with switch 39. A combination of such a printer with a processing apparatus having one pair of rollers in each bath is shown.
Patent GB-967485-A (GB)
Title: A process for the production of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and acids
IPC: B01J27/19
Filed: 1962-10-04
Abstract: a , b -Unsaturated aldehydes and carboxylic acids are produced by reacting propylene or isobutylene in the vapour phase with molecular oxygen at a temperature between 350 and 575 DEG C. in the presence of a catalyst consisting of phosphomolybdic acid and 0.1 to 25% by weight of tellurium or a tellurium compound. The starting materials need not be pure but may contain gaseous paraffinic hydrocarbons. If the catalyst contains less than 10% of tellurium the product is predominantly aldehyde i,e. acrolein in the case of propylene and methacrolein in the case of isobutylene but if the catalyst contains more than 10% of tellurium the product is predominantly acid, i.e. acrylic or methacrylic acid. The catalyst may be deposited on a suitable support.  The tellurium may be present for example in the form of its oxide or sulphate or as tellurides of molybdenum.ALSO:A catalyst for use in the oxidation of propylene and isobutylene to unsaturated aldehydes and acids consists of phosphomolybdic acid and 0,1-25% of the total weight of the catalyst of tellurium or a tellurium compound.  The catalyst may be supported on a conventional support.  The tellurium compound may be, for example, the oxide, sulphate or tellurides of molybdenum.
Patent GB-1282586-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to water filtration plant
IPC: B01D/
Filed: 1969-07-25
Abstract: 1282586 Granular filter; backflushing SULZER BROS Ltd 25 July 1969 [26 July 1968] 37631/69 Heading B1D A water filter comprises an upper volumetric filter layer 8 comprising grains of low specific gravity and large grain size the sizes being substantially similar or spread over a relatively small range, and a lower surface filter layer comprising grains of high specific gravity and small grain size, the sizes being spread over a relatively larger range. Cleaning by backflushing is effected by stopping the flow of water at 6, allowing the water level to fall to the level of slot 22, passing air from 16 up through the layers, adding a backflush of water from 17 through the layers, stopping the flow of gas from 16, allowing the backflushing water to carry dirt through slot 22, adjusting the flow of backflush water to hydraulically grade the filter grains, and finally reducing the supply of water to allow the grains to settle. The upper layer may comprise roughed grains of plastics material, pumice stone; active carbon or anthracite. The lower layer may comprise quartz, corundum or garnet.
Patent GB-1457606-A (GB)
Title: Holders for tape cassettes
IPC: B65D85/575
Filed: 1974-08-29
Abstract: 1457606 Tape cassette holders IDN INVENTIONS & DEVELOPMENT OF NOVELTIES AG 29 Aug 1974 [5 June 1974] 37866/74 Heading B8P A holder for a tape cassette consists of a housing 6 formed as a one-piece moulding, e.g. by injection moulding of plastics material, for example polystyrol, having an entrance through which a cassette may be inserted; a leaf spring 3 fixed inside the housing opposite the entrance, which, when a cassette is present in the housing acts directly on the cassette to bias the cassette towards the entrance; and a locking means 14 provided by an extension of the one-piece housing which engages behind the cassette when it is present in the housing and which is displaceable from the locking position to allow ejection of the cassette from the holder by the leaf spring. As shown cams 18 are provided which engage the cassette reels to prevent movement thereof whilst it is in the holder; in a further embodiment (Fig. 3, not shown) the majority of the large faces of the holder are cut away such that the holder is merely a U-shaped frame in which three edges of a cassette may be engaged. In each embodiment means is provided whereby a number of holders may be stacked securely together.
Patent GB-1277947-A (GB)
Title: Compositions and method for controlling insect pests
IPC: A01N33/04
Filed: 1969-07-29
Abstract: 1277947 Pesticides containing polymethylene diamines ARMOUR INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL CO 29 July 1969 [22 Aug 1968] 37962/69 Heading ASE  A method for combating insect pests comprises applying to an insect-infested area an N-sec-aliphatic diamine of formula: wherein R 1  and R 2  are aliphatic such that R 1  + R 2  contains 7 to 22C atoms; R 3  and R 4  are C 1  to C 4  alkyl; and w is 2, 3 or 4. The diamine may be employed in the form of a composition comprising an inert carrier which is an inert solid or a liquid containing a surfactant. Other pesticides such as salicylanilide, pyrethrum and rotenone may be present. The preferred diamines are the following N', N'- dimethyl-1, 3-trimethylene diamines:-N-1-heptyl-octyl-, N-1-methyloctyl-, N-1-methyldecyl-, N-1-methyldodecyl-, N-1-methyloctadecyl-, N- 1-nonyldecyl- and N-1-hendecyldodecyl-. The diamines find application in protecting textiles, e.g. carpets, woollens, hair goods, and furs. Specification 1185989 is referred to.
Patent GB-1015572-A (GB)
Title: Cycloaliphatic oximes
Filed: 1962-10-08
Abstract: Cycloaliphatic oximes are prepared by adding nitrosyl chloride up to a 1 to 2% concentration to the corresponding cycloalkane in the presence of an inert solvent and hydrogen chloride, treating the resulting mixture with such an amount of 70 to 96% sulphuric acid as to produce a molar ratio of sulphuric acid to oxime of between 1: 1 and 3 : 1, irradiating the resulting mixture with actinic light with vigorous stirring at a temperature of between -30 DEG  and +30 DEG C., and separating the sulphuric acid layer containing the oxime. Examples describe the preparation of cyclohexanone and cyclododecanone oximes.