Patent GB-370916-A (GB)
Title: A process for the production of soluble resinous products
IPC: C08G8/28
Filed: 1930-10-07
Abstract: Fusible resinous products, soluble in oil and useful as varnish ingredients, are prepared by heating a phenol-aldehyde or -ketone condensation product with a partial ester formed from a polyhydric alcohol and a dry-distilled natural resin.  The pre-formed partial ester may be heated with the pre-formed condensation product, or the condensation product may be formed in the presence of the partial ester, or the condensation product may be formed in the presence of the dry-distilled natural resin and the mixture then heated with the polyhydric alcohol, or all the reagents may be present in the mixture at the start.  The phenol-aldehyde or -ketone condensation product is preferably produced in the presence of an organic salt of a metal, particularly an organic salt of a metal of the second periodic group or of lead, cobalt, manganese, tin, aluminium, tungsten, tellurium or an alkali metal; an organic salt of zinc, particularly zinc abietate, resinate, tungate, oleate or stearate is preferred.  The condensation product may also be formed in the presence of drying or non-drying oils, turpentine oil, untreated natural resins, coumarone resins, bitumens, asphalts and pitches. If a resin acid is present in the mixture at the start, a metal oxide, hydroxide or acetate may be used, to form the metal resinate in situ.  According to the examples: (1) an ester mixture, produced by heating dry-distilled wood or stump rosin with glycerol and containing mono- and di-esters, is heated with phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of zinc abietate; (2) dry-distilled stump rosin, phenol and formaldehyde are heated in the presence of zinc abietate and, after distilling off water, glycerol is added and the mixture further heated; as a modification, all the reagents may be present from the start; (3) as in example 1, but with the use of glyceryl esters of dry-distilled fossil gums instead of esters of wood or stump rosin; (4) a condensation product prepared from phenol and/or cresol and formaldehyde in the presence of zinc abietate is added to mixed glycerol mono-, di-, and tri-esters prepared as described above, and the mixture is heated.  The use of acetaldehyde or acetone instead of formaldehyde is mentioned. Specifications 259,030 and 315,870, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], are referred to.  The Provisional Specification is not restricted to the use of partial esters prepared from dry-distilled natural resin, but includes part of the subject-matter of Specification 370,946, as well as the following examples: (1) a turpentine solution of phenol or a cresol is heated with formaldehyde, with or without a catalyst, and the product is heated with a mixture of glyceryl mono-, di-, and tri-abietates; (2) the turpentine used in the previous example is partly replaced by glyceryl triabietate. The Specification also states that the phenol-aldehyde condensation product may be prepared in the presence of an organic salt of chromium, and includes the following examples of the preparation of phenol-formaldehyde condensation products suitable for treatment as described above: (1) phenol or cresol, colophony, and formaldehyde solution are heated in the presense of zinc oxide; (2) phenol and/or cresol is heated with formaldehyde in the presence of zinc resinate and triglyceryl resin ester or coumarone resin; (3) phenol and/or cresol is heated with formaldehyde in the presence of zinc resinate or oleate and asphalt or a pitch, such as resinous pitch or stearine pitch.