baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-635909-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of industrial mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen
IPC: C01B3/30
Filed: 1947-03-31
Abstract: <PICT:0635909/III/1> <PICT:0635909/III/2> A mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is produced by reacting a hydrocarbon, e.g. methane, with a finely-divided fluidised reducible metal oxide to form reduced metal oxide and a gas mixture containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and water, and contacting this mixture, together with sufficient hydrocarbon to react with the carbon dioxide and water present, with a reforming catalyst, e.g. iron or nickel with or without a carrier such as alumina, magnesia, or clay, under conditions to produce additional carbon monoxide and hydrogen, then separating the product gas.  The reforming catalyst may be the metal of the metal oxide so that both steps of the process can be carried out with a continuous cycle of fluidised solids which effect heat transfer; a preferred composition is 5-20 per cent nickel and 5-10 per cent iron on alumina or magnesia carrier, and particle size should be 20m  to 10 mesh; an inert heat carrier such as sand and/or powdered magnesia may also be used.  Fluidised metal oxide from standpipe 4 and a part of the methane fed in at 22 pass through conduit 5 and reduction vessel 2 at 1600-2000 DEG  F.; the product gas with suspended metal passes through conduit 6 and reforming chamber 3 at 1500-1900 DEG  F. while the remainder of the methane enters at 25, 27 to complete the reforming reaction.  The carbon monoxide and hydrogen mixture passes through cyclone separator 29 to synthesis, while the metal from separator 29 and that falling from the dense phase in vessel 3 pass by pipes 31, 7 to vessel 2 and thence to pipe 8.  Air is blown in at 9 and the fluidised metal passes to oxidation vessel 1 which is at such a height that it can be worked at atmospheric pressure while maintaining vessels 2, 3 under a pressure of, say 200-600 lbs./sq. in.  More air is injected at 11 with or without combustible material to maintain the temperature in oxidation vessel 1 at 1700-2300 DEG  F. and the combustion gases are withdrawn through cyclone separator 13 and through preheaters 16, 23 to preheat the air and methane feeds respectively.  The metal oxide from separator 13 and falling from dense phase in vessel 1 passes to standpipe 4 wherein it is fluidised by gas injected at pipes 17 ready for recycling.  Depending on analysis of the product gas metal may be added to vessel 3 from hopper 32, metal oxide may be withdrawn from branch of pipe 14 from separator 13, or steam and/or carbon monoxide may be added at 25, 27 or 35.  A fixed bed of reforming catalyst 131 (Fig. 3) may be used in conjunction with the fluidised oxidation step and packed into coil 129 arranged in furnace 130 and heated by burners 132.  Alternative apparatus is described wherein vessels 2, 3 and conduits 5, 6 are replaced by one conduit.
Patent GB-1005178-A (GB)
Title: Refractory bodies and their production
IPC: C04B35/575
Filed: 1962-03-07
Abstract: A refractory body characterized by high resistance to flame erosion, high resistance to thermal shock and high flame temperature, consists of a layer of a refractory material having a high Young's modulus of elasticity between 12.4 and 100 x 106 p.s.i. inclusive at all surfaces of said body to be in flame-contact, the remainder of said body consisting of said high Young's modulus material and a different refractory being boron nitride or graphite, the ratio of said high modulus material to the boron nitride or graphite decreasing stepwise in more than one step from the flame-contacting surface. Materials of high Young's modulus specified are carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides and oxides of metals of Groups II, III, IV, V and VI, oxides of the lanthanides, thorium oxide and iranium oxides, and mixtures thereof.  Bodies of the invention may be prepared by hot pressing, optionally around a moulding core to give a tubular body, at 1800 DEG  to 2500 DEG  C. and 2000 to 3000 p.s.i.
Patent GB-829266-A (GB)
Title: A method of manufacturing bacteriophages in solid dry form
IPC: A61K35/76
Filed: 1958-03-19
Abstract: A therapeutic bacteriophage preparation in solid dry form is obtained by cultivating a strain of a pathogenic bacteria by submerged aerobic cultivation in an aqueous solution of a protein hydrolysate, effecting lysis of the bacteria by the corresponding bacteriophage, precipitating the bacteriophage from the lysate by means of an inorganic salt, e.g. ammonium sulphate, and drying the precipitate, preferably after admixture with 10% calcium gluconate.  The solid is then pressed into tablets or filled into capsules which are rendered enteric by coating with graphite or acetylphthalyl cellulose.  For parenteral use, the concentrate is desalted by dialysis.  The aqueous solution of protein hydrolipate may be an hydrolipate of beef, casein or soya bean containing 200 mg. per cent amine nitrogen.  In the example for the preparation of Dysenteric Phage Sonne, the aqueous medium contains beef hydrolipate (200 mg. per cent amine nitrogen), 0.5% sodium chloride and 0.1% sodium monohydrogen phosphate of pH 7.6.  After sterilization, it is inoculated with a suspension of Shigella sonnei and incubated 3 hours under submerged aerobic cultivation. It is then inoculated with Shigella sonnei phage and lipis allowed to continue until the culture clarifies and the total nitrogen in the medium is the same as at the beginning of the cultivation. The culture is heated to 56 DEG  C. to inactivate the bacteria but not the phage, filtered, cooled to 0 DEG C. and ammonium sulphate added to saturation.  10% calcium gluconate is added to the web precipitate and the mixture dried in vacuo.  Other therapeutic bacteriophages which may be made are those of typhus, paratyphus and other Salmonellas, Vibrio cholerae, E. coli, Staphylococcus and Proteus. They may be used for the treatment of man and animals.
Patent GB-565390-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to street or town's lighting
IPC: F21V21/00
Filed: 1943-06-01
Abstract: 565,390. Automatic control systems for searchlights. LAKEY, E. O. June 1, 1943, No. 8794. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Groups XI and XL] Alignment.-Large ground areas are illuminated by searchlight beams directed on to a reflector b supported above the area by a captive balloon a, the searchlights being moved automatically to correspond with any displacement of the reflector by wind &c. Fig. 1 shows the searchlights n pivotally mounted on a turntable e and attached by links o to the balloon cable c which passes through an eccentrically arranged aperture d in the reflector b. Fig. 4 shows a gimbal-supported searchlight n carrying a box q on the base of which an image of the reflector is focused by a lens. Displacement of the image from a blank portion s<SP>1</SP> of the base to surrounding selenium cells s<SP>2</SP> causes the operation of electric relays controlling the current to electric motors u which move buffers v against the base of the searchlight until the image returns to the blank portion s<SP>1</SP>. Specification 554,615, [Group XI], is referred to.
Patent GB-476015-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods of and apparatus for the decomposition of gaseous mixtures by liquefaction and rectification
IPC: F25J5/00
Filed: 1937-03-25
Abstract: 476,015. Separating gases by liquefaction. GES. FUR LINDE'S EISMASCHINEN AKT.-GES. March 25, 1937, Nos. 8869 and 8870. Convention dates, May 19, 1936 and July 29, 1936. [Class 8 (ii)] Air &c. to be liquefied and the products of separation of the liquefied air are passed alternately for short periods in opposite directions through regenerators 2, 3 and 4, 5 working in pairs, and additional cold is supplied to the warm ends of the regenerators when dealing with air &c. of high moisture content. The cold may be supplied by the injection of water by sprays 6a at points where the temperature is above 4‹ C. into the separation products after the moisture previously deposited by the air &c. has been revaporized. Alternatively, the air &c. is pre-cooled in its passage through a preliminary column 22, Fig. 3, by injection of sprays of water 26, 31, this water being collected, cooled by separated nitrogen &c. in a column 25 and returned to the air &c. column. In a further modification, a part of the air &c. may be cooled by a refrigerating machine and introduced into the warm end, or refrigerated gas may be led with the separated products through the warm end. Specification 276,292, [Class 8 (ii)], is referred to.
Patent GB-172566-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to roadways
IPC: E01C9/02
Filed: 1921-03-22
Abstract: 172,566. Greene, R. March 22, 1921. Roads and ways, arrangements of; wheel tracks.-Consists in forming triangular serrations along the abutting edges of adjacent hard and soft portions of road material extending longitudinally along a road surface, to prevent the formation of ruts. In the form shown, wheel tracks 1 of concrete &c. are laid in an ordinary roadway of gravel, macadam, &c., the edges of the tracks having triangular serrations 4 filled in with the material of the softer portions 2, 3 of the roadway.
Patent GB-772638-A (GB)
Title: Improved vacuum milking apparatus
IPC: A01J5/14
Filed: 1955-03-28
Abstract: 772,638. Pulsators. AYRE, E. R., and POOL, K. R. March 28, 1955, No. 8944/55. Class 84. [Also in Group XL(c)] The Figure shows a timing circuit for controlling pulsators in a vacuum milking apparatus in which the frequency of the cycle and the on/  off ratio of the pulses may be separately controlled. A multi-vibrator comprising tubes 5, 6 inter-connected between anode and control grid has a relay A1 in its anode circuit so that by adjustment of the values of capacitors 10 and 12 the make to break ratio of relay A1 may be changed, and by adjustment of the ganged potentiometers 13, 14 the pulse repetition frequency of the multi-vibrator may also be varied. Contacts A1 of relay A1 control the D.C. supply from rectifier bridge 20 to a higher current relay B the contact of which controls the D.C. supply to the pulsators in the vacuum milking line. Indicator lamp 15 is connected across the circuit and a fuse 17 is in series with the load, fuse lamp 18 and limiter resistor 19 are connected so that if fuse 17 blows indicator lamp 18 will light up ; lamp 15 is similarly illuminated while relay B is operated. The multi-vibrator should operate at a frequency not exceeding 200 cycles per minute and preferably within the range 30 to 100 cycles per minute. The ratio of the capacitors 10 to 12 may be varied by switching additional capacitors across one of them. Specification 700,170 is referred to.
Patent GB-1008612-A (GB)
Title: Sprayer device
IPC: B05B11/00
Filed: 1964-03-03
Abstract: 1,008,612. Reciprocating pumps. SOC. TECHNIQUE DE PULVERISATION. March 3, 1964 [May 3, 1963 and Jan. 1, 1964], No. 9013/64. Heading F1A. [Also in Division B2] In an atomizing type spray pump for mounting on a container; means are provided for sealing the pump outlet and the air inlet to the container when the pump is not in use. As shown in Fig. 2, the pump actuating knob 16 is connected to the bucket valve 10 which is held closed in the inoperative position; the first movement of the knob 16 opens the valve 10 and subsequently the knob 16 engages the bucket 7 to discharge the liquid. The bucket 7 has a shoulder which seats on the end 1a to close the air bleed passage 20, 19, 8 when the knob is in the inoperative position. In a modification, Fig. 5, a plunger head 26 forms the closure to seal the pump and has a sleeve 27 which controls the air bleed passage 29. In a modification of this type (Fig. 6, not shown) an annular chamber surrounding the plunger communicates with the outlet in place of the bore 30. In a further embodiment (see Division B2) the knob forms an air compressor, the air from which entrains liquid discharged by the pump.
Patent GB-1317228-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for cooking and colouring eggs
IPC: A23L1/275
Filed: 1972-02-28
Abstract: 1317228 Cooking and colouring eggs SEGZURICH VERWERTUNGSGENOSSENSCHAFT FUR EIER und GEFLUGEL DER OSTZENTRAL-und SUDSCHWEIZ 28 Feb 1972 [2 March 1971] 9053/72 Heading A2E [Also in Divisions A4 and B6] A method of cooking and colouring eggs comprises transporting eggs by means of a continuous feed device through an oven in which the eggs are cooked by dry heat and through a colouring device in which the eggs are coloured. An apparatus for performing the method comprises a number of parallel feed devices 6 each of which conveys a number of rows of eggs through an oven 7 for baking the eggs, a cooling zone 8, a colouring compartment 9, a drying zone 10 and a cooling zone 11. Eggs are examined for freshness and shell defects at a screening device 3 before passing to the feed devices 6. Each row of eggs may be coloured differently in the compartment 9 and are passed to a mixer 15 where they are randomly mixed before being packaged at 16. The colouring compartment 9 may be before the oven 7.
Patent GB-943068-A (GB)
Title: Tethering device for stabled animals
IPC: A01K1/06
Filed: 1962-03-09
Abstract: 943,068. Tethering animals. R. GUILLAUME, and E. GUILLAUME. March 9, 1962 [March 23, 1961], No. 9072/62. Heading A1M [Also in Division B8] A tethering device comprises two lengths of chain 1, 8 anchored respectively to the floor and ceiling of a stable, a neck yoke 5 slidable on the chain 1 and a coupling 4 for joining the free ends of the chains, the chains being retained in their anchorages by locating an end link e.g. 17 (Fig. 3) in a groove 19 and a penultimate link 16 in a slot 20 (Fig. 2) formed in the walls of the anchorages. The ground anchorage 2 and the upper anchorage 41 of a coupling 4 (Fig. 8) may be provided with rings 23 and 46 respectively which prevent unauthorised removal of the chains. In order to allow for wear of the lower chain and to alter the tension in the chains, the upper chain 8 need not be located at the ceiling by its end links but by some intermediary ones (Fig. 6 not shown). Coupling 4 is provided with a key 55 which on being moved to position 55<SP>1</SP> (Fig. 8) allows a catch 66 having a normally restrained tail 67 to rotate about its pivot points 74, 75 (and Figs. 11, 12, 13 not shown) thereby releasing chain 1. Key 55 may be operated by hand or in cases of emergency by a rope 76 attached to all such keys in the stable.
Patent GB-1270652-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical pulse frequency meters
Inventor: SINDEN EDGAR WILLIAM
IPC: B29C48/90
Filed: 1968-02-26
Abstract: 1,270,652. Frequency discriminators. SMITHS INDUSTRIES Ltd. 23 May, 1969 [26 Feb., 1968], No. 9191/68. Heading H3A. [Also in Division G1] A pulse frequency meter comprises: a pulse shaper, e.g. a blocking oscillator 14, which receives the input pulses to be measured and which produces an output signal of pulses having a constant volts-seconds product; a first D.C. amplifier stage 27 coupled to the output of the pulse shaper; a meter 30 coupled to the output of the amplifier; and a capacitor 34 which smoothes the supply to the meter at low frequencies. The capacitor is arranged with a further amplifier 31 as a miller integrator, and at higher frequencies this amplifier saturates to reduce the effective miller capacitance. The circuit is used as a tachometer, the input pulse train being derived from a toroidal core 10 round one of the sparking plug leads of an engine.
Patent GB-539612-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to packing cases
IPC: B65D5/32
Filed: 1940-05-24
Abstract: 539,612. Packing-cases. THOMPSON & NORRIS MANUFACTURING CO., Ltd., and PRIDEAUX, G. E. May 24, 1940, No. 9207. [Class 18] Packing-cases of corrugated fibreboard, fibreboard, cardboard &c. are made from two pieces, one constituting walls A, B, C, the other walls D, E, F. The parts are stitched together as shown and end insertions, covering finger holes B<SP>4</SP> may be used, consisting of wood frames with panels of corrugated fibreboard or solid wood or other panels. The top and bottom may be nailed to the edges of these end insertions and/or bands, wires or adhesive strips may be .secured around the packing-case. Panels B<SP>3</SP>, C<SP>3</SP> may meet at the middle. Specifications 237,976, [Class 18], 460,803 and 475,159, are referred to.
Patent GB-213434-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with cutter chains of cutting machines for use in mining coal and other minerals
IPC: E21C25/36
Filed: 1923-04-04
Abstract: 213,434. Mavor & Coulson, Ltd., and Davies, A. W. April 4, 1923. Coal cutting machines. - Means for fastening the coupling links of chains B for coal-cutting machines comprise a bolt C, a split nut D tapered externally and threaded internally, a tapered socket for the nut in one of th members B<1> of a link and a hole in the opposite member B<2> through which the bolt C may be entered and screwed into the nut D. The nut is prevented from turning in its socket by a key 6 engaging keyways cut in the nut and link member B<1>. Holes 7, 8 are cut in the walls of the channel of the jib A to permit access to the bolt. Fig. 3 shows one application wherein link members B<1>, B<2> are coupled by parts B<3>, which are bored to receive cylindrical parts of the link members and so sustain endwise strain. Specification 154,088 is referred to.
Patent GB-1189573-A (GB)
Title: A process of preparing Chalcones, a novel Chalcone and Composition comprising the same
IPC: C07H17/07
Filed: 1968-02-26
Abstract: 1,189,573. Preparation of chalcone derivatives. INTERNATIONAL MINERALS & CHEMICAL CORP. 26 Feb., 1968 [10 March, 1967; 15 May, 1967], No. 9274/68. Heading C2C. The invention comprises novel 2<SP>1</SP>,4<SP>1</SP>,6<SP>1</SP>,3- tetrahydroxy - 4 - n - propoxydihydrochalcone - 4<SP>1</SP>-#-neohesperidoside and a process for the preparation of chalcones which comprises condensing phloracetophenone-4<SP>1</SP>-#-neohesperidoside and a benzaldehyde compound, namely, 3-hydroxy-benzaldehyde, isovanillin, 3- hydroxy-4-ethoxy-benzaldehyde or 3-hydroxy- 4-n-propoxy-benzaldehyde in a solvent containing an effective amount of an alkali metal hydroxide and at a temperature in the range of 20‹ to 160‹ C., said solvent being water or a mixture of water and methyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol containing a maximum of 95% of the said alcohol. 2<SP>1</SP>,4<SP>1</SP>,6<SP>1</SP>,3 - tetrahydroxy - 4 - n - propoxydihydrochalcone-4<SP>1</SP>-#-neohesperidoside may be used as a sweetening agent in any material or formulation intended for human consumption in view of its intense sweetness, water-solubility, stability, low caloric value when employed in amounts desired to yield effective sweetness levels, and lack of undesirable after-taste qualities when used in such amounts. Phloracetophenone - 4<SP>1</SP> - #- neohesperidoside is prepared by refluxing naringin in an aqueous alkaline solution to effect the degradation thereof to the desired starting material.
Patent GB-146636-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with collapsible boxes
IPC: B65D55/06
Filed: 1919-04-12
Abstract: 146,636. Garner, C. N., and Wild, E. J. April 12, 1919. Folding boxes; fittings, external; lids; corner joints.-A collapsible box of the kind in which the sides and ends are removably attached to the bottom and in which these parts when collapsed are adapted to be secured in the lid for transport, for example, as described in Specification 105.960, is provided with eye devices r, Fig. 5, in the form of hinged loops, rings, or links to allow the box to be corded either in the erect or collapsed condition. The eye devices may be arranged as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, so that the lid may be laced to the body.
Patent GB-117073-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Ignition Magneto Switches for Internal Combustion Engines.
Inventor: GIUSEPPE DI PIETRO MARTIRE
IPC: F02N15/00
Filed: 1918-06-10
Abstract: 117,073. Martire, G. June 8, 1917, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Act]. Switches, snap-action; switchboards.-A switchboard for controlling the starting and running magneto-ignition circuits of two motors having a starting-magneto common to both and two running magnetos for each comprises a rotary two-way switch having an operating-handle A, Fig. 2, and a contact arm t whereby the starting- magneto may be connected to either of the engines, and two series of press-button switches 1, 2, 12, 0, Figs. 2 and 3, one for each engine, the buttons of each series being interlocked so that the actuation of one releases any other already actuated. The operating-spindle of the rotary change-over switch contains a plunger r which operates a second change-over switch for putting in circuit a battery instead of the starting-magneto. The press-buttons carry at their inner ends plug contacts such as k<2> adapted to engage with fixed contacts such as f<2>, f<1>, g<1>, and the stems of the buttons have conical formations q. When one of the buttons is pressed, the part q passed eccentrically through a gap in a centrally-pivoted, spring-controlled disk D displacing the disk and freeing any other press-button member already in engagement when fully pressed, the button is held by the disk engaging the outer end of the conical formations. Buttons 1 and 2 connect up one or other of the magnetos; button 12 connects up both, and button 0 serves to release any button without making any connexion itself. In the construction shown in Fig. 5, the spring-retracted contact-member l is pressed into the contact position by the button Z<3> which has a conical formation q<3> passing eccentrically through a hole in a pivoted spring-controlled plate. The plunger is held in the depressed position by the engagement of the plate with the enlarged part of the conical formation and is released to free the switch by pressing a second button Z<4>. In a modified form of this construction, a longitudinally-moving locking-plate is employed to lock anyone of a number of plunger-operated contact-members.
Patent GB-375436-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to chequer brick-work construction for regenerators
IPC: F28F21/04
Filed: 1931-03-30
Abstract: 375,436. Chequerwork for regenerators. STEIN & CO., Ltd., J. G. and HYSLOP, J. F., Bonnybridge, Stirlingshire. March 30, 1931, No. 9539. [Class 51 (i).] Chequerwork for regenerators comprises bricks 1 so formed and disposed, as shown in plan, that faces 2 forming the boundaries of vertical flues 3 are inclined obliquely to closed walls 4 between which the bricks extend, there being superposed on each course, in vertically spaced relation, a course of bricks similarly formed but having the oblique faces oppositely inclined to those of the lower course, thus forming vertical flues of diamond or hexagonal section. The oblique faces may be continuous or may be stepped as shown at 1a. Each brick 1 is formed with offset rectangular end portions built into the walls 4, which comprise bricks 5 of inverted T-shape.
Patent GB-1194846-A (GB)
Title: Electrostatic Copying Method and Apparatus
IPC: G03G15/26
Filed: 1967-02-28
Abstract: 1,194,846. Electro-photographic apparatus. ING. C. OLIVETTI & C. S.p.A. Feb. 28, 1967 [Feb. 28, 1966], No.9555/67. Heading G2H. A copy sheet C, Fig. 4, having a zinc oxide or other photo-conductive coating on its lower face is electrostatically charged to a potential in the rapid decay region X-Z, Fig. 5, at a charging station 3 while a portion of the sheet is being imagewise exposed at a station 4 to a master M. The master and copy sheets are fed through an inlet 2 by rollers 30, 31. Upper and lower sections 40, 41 have corona discharge slides 42. The station 4 has an exposure opening 51 covered by a sheet of transparent plastic. A fluorescent lamp 56 is partially surrounded by a sheath 58 which upon rotation of the lamp assembly by a knob (61) Fig. 3 (not shown) controls the light output. The master and copy sheets are separated by guide plates 86, 87 Fig. 4, and plates 81, 82. Copy sheets are fed through a developer trough containing liquid having removable guide ribs 97 leading to squeegee rollers 101, 102.