Patent GB-191202852-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Railway Train Controlling Systems.
Inventor: ULLRICH HANS
IPC: B61L3/10
Filed: 1912-02-03
Granted: 1912-08-01
Abstract: 2852. Ullrich, H. Feb. 4, 1911, [Convention date]. Electrical systems, automatic; single-track systems; track apparatus actuating signals on and other than on trains; signals and points, interlocking. - In a single-track system, the track is divided into overlapping sections, one rail being electrically continuous. A large station may be divided into several sections, and a small one form part of an ordinary section. The locomotives are provided with clockwork-controlled brake-applying apparatus which is put into operation when a train enters an occupied section. Fig. 1. is a diagram showing the track I between two stations E, E', the rail R' being continuous, and the corresponding rails of all the side tracks are connected thereto. The other rails have insulated pieces n<1> at each side of each station, the pieces being bridged by wires n. At all the points, these rails, otherwise disconnected, may be connected by wires such as 175, 176 and switching - devices g operated by the points rod, which contacts only make circuit for the correct road when the points are home. The engine apparatus, one half of which is shown in Fig. 2, consists of pivoted insulated arms a, b projecting from the sides and adapted to contact with and be deflected by contact-bars mounted on posts at the track side. The arms a, b are held by springs 35, 36, which also connect to wires 18, 12 leading to opposite sides of a. battery Q, the wire 18 also energizing a magnet 13, and being connected by a wire 185 to the frame. The arm b carries a switch 15, which, when the arm is deflected, connects the conductors 12<a>, 16 with conductors 12<b>, 29. The conductor 12<a> connects through a switch 5 with the armature of the magnet 13, through a contact 6 to an electro-magnet 17 and to the wire 18. The conductor 12<b> is connected to the conductor 12. The armature 19 of the magnet 17 carries a pawl 23, Fig. 8, normally engaging a ratchet 20 of a clock-work 21 wound up by a handle 24. A pawl 22 holds the armature in its disengaged position. The clock-work is connected by a rope to an air-brake setting-apparatus. When the arm b is deflected, the magnet 17 is energized, and the brake put on unless the magnet 13 is also energized. The brake is reset by resetting the pawl 22 and the handle 24. The magnet 13 may be energized by the closing of an outer circuit between arms a, b or between an arm and the frame. If the circuit is broken or short-circuited, the brakes are applied. A second battery Q<1> is connected to an alarm K through the switch 5 or through the armatures of interrupters U, U<1>, U<11>, the magnets of which are normally energized to hold open the circuit, from batteries Q<11>, Q<111>, Q. The interrupters are connected to wires 29 and 12, and 12<a> and 18, and in shunt to the battery Q respectively. On the track, circuit-changing apparatus J, J<11> and a signalling-apparatus H are provided at either side of station E, and a circuit-changing apparatus J' at either side of station E<1>. The apparatus J consists of a magnet 97 the armature 52 of which has a pawl engaging a two - toothed clockwork - driven ratchet-wheel 53 which carries a contact 56 for engaging successively two sets of contacts 1, 2, 3. The contact 56 is connected to a line wire 93, the contacts 1 to the magnet 97 and to a conductor 88 leading to a wire 233 connected to the continuous rail R', the contacts 2 to a wire 92, and the contacts 3 to a wire 95. The apparatus H consists of two relays L, L' and a returning-relay 68. The armatures 61, 62 are spring-held away from the magnets, and carry posts 95<5>, 95<6> pressed against screws 61<1>, 62<1> on a bridge 35<c>, Fig. 15, on a standard 186. Two movable bars 57, 58 carry contact-bolts 188 normally out of contact with connected contacts 59, 60. The holts are connected to wires 82, 83 leading to a battery Q<2> through an alarm 81. The armatures, when attracted, depress the bars 57, 58 to complete the alarm circuit. The post 95<5> is connected to the wire 95, and the post 95<6> to the conductor 88 through the magnet 68, a circuit being completed when both posts are in contact. Connected to wires 90, 92 are pins 200, 200<1> on the armatures, which pins carry change switches 63, 63<1> adapted to contact with pieces 65, 67 on pillars 194. The pins rest in triangular grooves and normally contact with pieces 65. On the armature being attracted and then released, the pin passes to another side of the triangle and contacts with a piece 67. The contacts are returned by a bent lever on the armature 69 of the magnet 68, which armature also returns the bars 57, 58. The contacts are cross-connected while the contacts 65 are connected through magnets L, L<1> respectively to the wire 88. The apparatus J' at station E<1> comprises two relays 98, 99 and a .disengaging-relay 41. The armatures 44, 45 carry insulated disks 216 connected to conductors A, B and normally contacting with screws 214 connected to the opposite magnets, which are then connected together and to a wire 220. The right-hand ends of the armatures arc normally out of contact with screws 42, 43 connected to a conductor C. The armatures are connected together and by a wire 100 to one side of a battery Q<3>. The relay 41 is connected to wires C, 220, the latter leading to the other side of battery Q<3>, and to the rail R'. The armature 50 carries a pawl controlling a twotoothed clockwork-driven ratchet 49 having an arm 51 and two connected sets of contacts 1, 2, 3 as in the apparatus J. The ratchet 49 also carries a double arm which releases the armatures 44, 45 from detents 46 which hold them in attracted position. These detents are connected to contacts 2, 3 respectively. Contacts 1 are connected to the wire C. The apparatus J<11> is similar, but the contacts 1, 2, 3 are omitted, its contacts 91<1>, 96<1> being connected by wires 95, 90 to apparatus H. Contacts M<1>, M<2>, M<3>, N, O<1>, O<11> are placed outside each station, the inner ones contacting with the arm a, the outer ones with the arm b. A line wire 75 connects contacts N, the wire 93 connecting contacts 51, 56 of apparatus J<1>, J. At station E' contacts M<1>, M<2>, M<3> are connected to wires A, B, C, while at station E similar wires A, B, C connect the contacts to screws 214<1> and the magnet 41<1>, respectively, in the apparatus J<11>. A battery Q<4> at station E<1> is connected to wire 93 and to earth, while at station E a battery Q' is connected on one side by a wire 76 to armatures 44<1>, 45<1>, and on the other side with the relay 41<1> and the wires 88. 233. Three circuitbreakers U<1>, V, V<1> are also provided at station E, the first connected to wire 83 and to a wire 85 leading from battery Q<2> to wire C, the second connected to battery Q<2> by wires 236, 87, 86, C, and 85, while the third receives current from battery Q<4> through the wire 93 and an earthed return, this normally closed circuit holding off an alarm 81, and closing a circuit through the contacts 77, 78, 79 to the rail N from the battery Q<1>. The contact-rails O<1> of each station are connected to the sectioned rails on the station side by wires 39, while the rails O<11> are connected across the station by wires 37, 180. The circuit is completed through the engine apparatus and through the devices g. The wire 180 is also connected to armatures of circuitbreakers l, energized from a battery Q<9> and connected to the rail pieces n<1> by wires 244, 245. The pieces n<1> are also connected together and to the battery Q<9> by a wire 243, the other pole of the battery being also connected to the rail R<1>. A wire 177 connects the armatures with the rail i<1>of track m<2>, which rail is connected to the sectioned rail of the track q'. An engine contacting with rails O<1>, O<11> short-circuits one of the magnets l, l<1> across the rails. A current from the engine then passes from a rail o<1> through the other armature back through rail o<11> to energize the magnet 13 and hold off the brake. A second engine entering the other end short-circuits the other magnet, and both trains are stopped. For controlling the tracks m<2>, q<1> at station E<1>, a circuit-breaker 252 is connected across the rails through a battery Q<10>, white the armature is in a normally open circuit inclnding an alarm 253 and a battery Q<9>. At any interruption of the rail circuits by a switching-device g, the alarm sounds. Similar apparatus is provided at the station E, together with additional magnets for controlling circuits for the additional side tracks. The devices g are arranged to close the circuits for the corresponding tracks, these circuits passing through the devices of all points governing the particular road, from pairs of contact rails such as u, u<1> at the points. A train will thus be stopped by another train on its road, or by incorrect placing of the points, Additional contacts D, F, P, G are provided to contact with the arm b to prevent trains from striking switch tongues improperly set, the contacts being energized from the battery Q<5> through the switch devices which put the corresponding contacts in circuit. An engine leaving station E<1> first encounters contacts M<3>, M<1>. A circuit is then closed through wire A, contacts 216, 214, magnet 99, wire 220, rail R<1>, conductor 185, to battery Q on the engine. The relay opens its contacts 214, 216 and closes contacts 43, 96. A circuit is then closed from battery Q<3>, through wires 100, contact 43, and wire C, part then passing to battery on engine, energizing magnet 13. Part energizes magnet 41, and part passes over contact 1, along wire 93 to contacts 56, 1 and magnet 97, returning through wires 88, 233 and rails. The relays 41, 97 simultaneously release their ratchets 49, 53, and the arms 51, 56 move synchronously over contacts 2, whereupon a current passes from battery Q<3> over contact 96. contact 2, wire 93 to station E. arms 56, contact 2, wire 92, through th