Patent GB-757451-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to epoxidized vegetable oils
IPC: C08L27/06
Filed: 1954-06-30
Abstract: A vinyl polymer, e.g. polyvinyl chloride, is plasticized with an epoxidized vegetable oil having an oxirane oxygen-content of at least 4.0 per cent and an iodine number of 3 or less.  The oils are obtained by hydrogenating an epoxidized vegetable oil made by known methods (see Group IV (b)).  Epoxidized oils mentioned are soybean, corn, linseed, cottonseed, safflower, sunflower, sesame, poppyseed, walnut, and peanut oils.  In an example, polyvinyl chloride stabilized with tribasic lead sulphate is plasticized with a hydrogenated epoxidized soybean oil.  U.S.A. Specification 2,485,160 is referred to.ALSO:An epoxidized vegetable oil having an oxirane oxygen-content of at least 4.0 per cent also has a degree of unsaturation which is no greater than that which is represented by an iodine number of 3.  The oxirane oxygen-content is preferably at least 5.0 per cent and the iodine number about one.  The products are prepared by reacting hydrogen with an epoxidized vegetable oil of oxirane oxygen-content of at least 4.5 per cent until the degree of unsaturation of the oil is no greater than that represented by an iodine number of 3.  The oils specified comprise soybean, corn, linseed, cottonseed, safflower, sunflower, sesame, poppyseed, walnut and peanut oils.  The epoxidized oils are made by known methods using peracids such as performic and peracetic acids.  The oils preferably contain at least 5.5 per cent oxirane oxygen before hydrogenation, since during the latter this content is reduced up to 0.5 per cent. The hydrogenation catalysts are preferably Raney nickel, finely divided platinum or palladium. With the latter two catalysts temperatures of 0 DEG  C. to room temperature may be used; with the nickel catalyst the temperature may be from 50 DEG  to 150 DEG  C. The reaction may be effected with the oils dissolved in solvents, e.g. hydrocarbons such as heptane and iso-octane and lower alcohols such as ethanol.  The pressure may vary from less than 1 atmosphere using platinum or palladium to several atmospheres using nickel. Numerous examples are given of the preparation of such epoxidized oils.  The products may be used as plasticizers for plastic materials such as vinyl resins, nitrocellulose and chlorinated rubber.  U.S.A. Specification 2,485,160 is referred to.ALSO:An epoxidized vegetable oil having an oxirane oxygen-content of at least 4.0 per cent also has a degree of unsaturation which is no greater than that which is represented by an iodine number of 3.  The oxirane oxygen-content is preferably at least 5.0 per cent and the iodine number about one. The products are prepared by reacting hydrogen with an epoxidized vegetable oil of oxirane oxygen-content of at least 4.5 per cent until the degree of unsaturation of the oil is no greater than that represented by an iodine number of 3.  The oils specified comprise soybean, corn, linseed, cottonseed safflower, sunflower, sesame, poppyseed, walnut and peanut oils.  The epoxidized oils are made by known methods using peracids such as performic and peracetic acids. The oils preferably contain at least 5.5 per cent oxirane oxygen before hydrogenation, since during the latter this content is reduced up to 0.5 per cent.  The hydrogenation catalysts are preferably Raney nickel, finely divided platinum or palladium. With the latter two catalysts temperatures of 0 DEG C. to room temperature may be used; with the nickel catalysts the temperature may be from 50 DEG  to 150 DEG C.  The reaction may be effected with the oils dissolved in solvents e.g. hydrocarbons such as heptane and iso-octane and lower alcohols such as ethanol.  The pressure may vary from less than 1 atmosphere using platinum or palladium to several atmospheres using nickel.  Numerous examples are given of the preparation of such epoxidized oils.  The products may be used as plasticizers for plastic materials such as vinyl resins, nitrocellulose and chlorinated rubber.  U.S.A. Specification 2,485,160 is referred to.