baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-696259-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to an arrangement for determining the black temperature and colour temperature of radiating bodies
IPC: G01J5/60
Filed: 1951-08-17
Abstract: 696,259. Radiation pyrometers. SIEMENS & HALSKE AKT.-GES. Aug. 17, 1951 [Aug. 19, 1950], No. 19468/51. Class 40 (iii). The colour temperature and the black body temperature of a body S are measured simultaneously with the aid of a common optical system for selecting the part of the body viewed. As shown, radiation from a part of the body S selected with the help of a visual sighting arrangement, after transmission through a semi-transparent mirror 2 and reflection by a fixed mirror 3 passes to an oscillating mirror 4, and thence to a photo-cell 7 alternately through two colour filters F1, F2. The resulting impulses from the photo-cell 7 are compared in a phase-sensitive amplifier 12, which varies the amplitude of oscillation of the mirror 4 until the mean impulse magnitudes are equal, the output current of the amplifier 12 being a measure of the colour temperature of the body S. At the same time, the beam reflected from mirror 2 passes to oscillating mirror 4, and is projected on to a diaphragm B with a central hole, so that for one half cycle the light passes through the hole to a photo-cell 10, and for the other half cycle the cell is energized by a comparison lamp X, which is only lit for the required half-cycles. The output of photo-cell 10 is fed to an amplifier 13 which controls the current through the lamp X to equalize the photo-cell output pulses, and is thus a measure of the block temperature of the body S. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), the light to the photo-cell 10 from the body S is obtained by placing a semi-transparent mirror in the path through filter F2. In another modification (Fig. 3, not shown), only one photo-cell is used, the pulses being produced by inserting a surface containing the filters F1, F2 and alternate transparent and opaque parts in the path of the beam, consecutive pulses in one direction of oscillation of mirror 4 being due to filter F1, the lamp X (the light beam being blocked by an opaque part), the whole of the light beam (passing through a transparent part) and filter F2. Comparison between the appropriate pairs of pulses is made by a selective amplifier. The light path contains optical means such as a glass block 21 with total internal reflection surfaces in a direction normal to the light path for directing the various beams on to the photo. cell 7.
Patent GB-903188-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the treatment of synthetic fibres
Inventor: FURNESS VERA ISABELLA
IPC: D06L4/671
Filed: 1960-06-02
Abstract: The discolouration of polyacrylonitrile fibres when subjected to hot aqueous baths is eliminated or reduced by using baths containing a reducing agent, e.g. formaldehyde, para-formaldehyde, sodium formaldehyde bisulphite, sodium meta-bisulphite, formic acid or oxalic acid.  The fibres may be composed of homopolymers of acrylonitrile or of copolymers thereof containing at least 80% of acrylonitrile units by weight. The concentration of the reducing agent, in general 0.1-2g. per litre of bath-liquor, and the bath-liquor: fibre ratio may be such that the amount of reducing agent on the fibre is of the order 0.5-10% by weight.  Examples discribe the use of sodium metabisulphite and oxalic acid in hot aqueous baths for dyeing and treatment with an optical bleach.
Patent GB-147573-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in internal combustion engines
IPC: F02F1/24
Filed: 1920-07-08
Abstract: 147,573. Emerson, V. L. April 6, 1916, [Convention date]. Valve-gear.-In a multicylinder engine, the inlet and exhaust valves are mounted in a casing 1 secured to the cylinders by bolts 8 and having longitudinal supply and exhaust passages 18, 19 respectively, which extend throughout its length. Mounted upon the valve casing 1 is an overhead cam shaft 11 enclosed by a cover 5 and carried in bearings secured to bosses 15 which are machined level with a projection 9 forming a chamber in which collects lubricating oil escaping from the bearings. The cam-shaft is driven through a chain gearing with a wheel 40 on a spindle carrying a cooling-fan 17 and having mounted thereon a wheel driven from the crank-shaft through a chain 38. The fan is flexibly mounted upon the spindle 41 to enable it to slip, e.g. at starting, and thus prevent undue strains on the driving- chains.
Patent GB-624000-A (GB)
Title: Luminescent screen and process of producing the same
IPC: H01J9/22
Filed: 1946-07-01
Abstract: 624,000. Ornamenting. DU MONT LABORATORIES, Inc., A. B. July 1, 1946, No. 19612. Convention date, July 6, 1945. [Class 93] [Also in Group XL (a)]  Luminescent material is allowed to settle onto a surface through a colloid which causes each particle to be covered with a layer which binds it to the surface. The colloid is formed in several ways by reacting (1) an ammonium compound with inorganic salts such as sodium or potassium silicate or organic salts or esters e.g., ethyl silicate, (2) acids such as H 3 PO 3  or H 3 B0 3  with inorganic salts containing the SiO 2  radical, (3) bases such as LiOH or NH,OH with organic or inorganic salts containing the SiO 2  radical (4) acid salts such as Na HCO 3 , Na 2 HPO 4  K 2 CO 3 , KHCO 3 , Li 2 CO 3 , Li 2 C 2 O 4  sodium or potassium mono- or dihydrogen phosphate with an organic or inorganic SiO 2  salt, (5) alcohols, ketones or other organic compounds with salts containing the SiO 2  radical. The alkali metal in the colloid preparation is in small concentration, e.g..25 - 1.00 per cent by weight. The luminescent material may be a sulphide, oxide, tungstate, aluminate or silicate of one or more of the metals zinc, cadmium, beryllium, magnesium, manganese, calcium and strontium. The finished screen is dried at 60-100‹ C. before baking.
Patent GB-223341-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in brassieres
IPC: A41C3/00
Filed: 1923-08-02
Abstract: 223,341. Panes, I. Aug. 2, 1923. BrassiÞres.-In a brassiÞre of the type in which the part 6 overlaps the part 5 and carries fastenings 8 some distance from the edge, the complementary fastenings on the part 5 are arranged in two or more parallel rows 9, 10 for adjustment purposes. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 116,014 and 196,289.
Patent GB-332043-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to internal combustion engines of the compression ignition type
IPC: F02M61/00
Filed: 1929-06-28
Abstract: 332,043. Sunbeam Motor Car Co., Ltd., Coatalen, L., and Attwood, S. H. June 28, 1929. Cylinders receiving liquid fuel.-In a compression-ignition engine a fuel supply pipe f has an enlarged portion surrounding the body b of an injector, the pipe serving more than one cylinder. The spraying orifices c are controlled by a mechanically operated valve a, and the fuel traverses ducts t, Fig. 1, and v, Fig. 3, leading from an annular channel u surround. ing the valve body b. In the construction shown in Fig. 1, a fluid-tight joint is formed between the pipe and the body bv contacting upper and lower faces h, g, and j, h, an annular face on the underside of the pipe being held in contact with the cylinder e by a clamping plate m which bears on the valve body, the plate being clamped by studs and nuts n projecting from the cylinder head. Packing washers are located between the pipe and the valve body, the cylinder pressure being prevented from reaching the joints by pack. ing rings o surrounding the lower portion of the body. As shown in Fig., 3, the injection valve is secured within the body b by a gland nut, the body being similarly secured by a nut m' to the supply pipe which in turn is secured to the cylinder by lugs formed integral with an enlargement on the pipe, the lugs being bolted to the cylinder head. The movement of the valve n is controlled by a lever S. The pipe and enlargement are preferably machined from a solid forging.
Patent GB-400150-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in distributing mechanism of typographical composing and distributing machines
IPC: B41B11/18
Filed: 1933-07-14
Abstract: 400,150. Type-bar-making machines. LINOTYPE & MACHINERY, Ltd., 9, Kingsway, London.-(Assignees of Mergenthaler Setzmaschinen - Fabrik Ges. ; 25, Chauseestrasse, Berlin.) July 14, 1933, No. 19973. Convention date, Aug. 30, 1932. [Class 100 (iii).] Distributing matrices.- To facilitate the entry of thick display matrices intc the magazine-channels, they are released from the distributor-bar at earlier points than usual by tooth combinations on this bar which would normally be appropriated to immediately preceding channels of the magazine, certain of the channels being unused. For example, the matrix m, which is to enter the magazine-channel g, is not released by the barcombination h normally belonging to that channel, but by the preceding combination i normally belonging to the channel k, which is not used. It is thereby secured that the matrices are released before they have travelled so far along the distributor-bar as to overlap the next following partition c of the magazine-entrance.
Patent GB-573255-A (GB)
Title: Electric indicator apparatus for seating accommodation in double decked passenger vehicles
IPC: G08B5/22
Filed: 1943-11-30
Abstract: 573,255. Electric signalling systems. McEWAN, R. G., and ORR, C. Nov. 30, 1943, No. 20018. Drawings to Specification. [Class 40 (i)] In an arrangement for indicating to incoming passengers and to the conductor when the upper deck of a double-decked vehicle is fully occupied, it is assumed that in the case of double seats the seats next to the central gangway are occupied last, and therefore those seats and any single seats are provided with switches operable by the weight of an occupant while the seats remote from the gangway have no switches. The switches are connected in a series circuit which serves when completed to light one or more suitably placed lamp indicators. Each switch consists of a pair of superposed spring blades which may be embedded in the seat or may be mounted on the frame so as to be closed by a slight depression of the seat.
Patent GB-841037-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to thread-controlled stop motions for knitting and like machines
Inventor: SCHMIDT RICHARD
IPC: D04B35/10
Filed: 1958-06-23
Abstract: 841,037. Knitting-machines. MORAT, F., [trading as MORAT, KOMM.-GES., F. June 23, 1958, No. 20055/58. Class 74 (2). A thread stop-motion for a knitting machine comprises an arm 9 supported by the thread and attached to a shaft 7 carrying an arm 13 movable between two spring contacts 14, 15. In the event of the arm 9 being raised upon undue tension in the thread, or lowered upon breakage or slackness of the thread, the arm 13 moves between the spring contacts to one or other extreme position, where the springs are close together as shown in Fig. 1, and contacts them to close electrical circuits to effect stoppage of the machine and to illuminate an indicator. The shaft 7 also carries an arm 16 which, when the arm 9 is raised, engages beneath a spring-loaded lever 18 so that the arm 9 is raised against the action of lever 18. A support wire 25 may be positioned to support the arm 9 when it is not in use and the stop-motion inoperative.
Patent GB-200928-A (GB)
Abstract: 200,928. Siemens Bros., & Co., Ltd., Christian, D. A., and Patterson, W. G. April 22, 1922. Automatic exchange systems; metering sysems.-In a system in which metering takes place on the reply of the called subscriber, a mechanical timing device common to a number of switches is provided to ensure a definite delay before metering is effective. The meter magnet Z, Fig. 1, is in parallel with the winding c of the line switch test relay T, and, owing to the high resistance of the test circuit, only operates when battery is applied through a lower resistance at the group selector. The timing device comprises a rotating cam 11, Fig. 2, with a nose 15 and a depression 16 which cause a spring 13 to contact with springs 12, 14 respectively. When the called subscriber replies, an answering relay Y energizes, preparing a circuit for a relay SA, which is completed over-the spring 12. The relay SA locks itself and prepares a circuit for a relay ZA, which is subsequently completed over the spring 14, closing the meter circuit 18. The relay SA is released at this stage, but the relay ZA is held until the relay Y is released.
Patent GB-318343-A (GB)
Title: An improved stand for reels and bobbins of wire and the like
IPC: B21C47/06
Filed: 1928-07-11
Abstract: 318,343. Goldstone, M. H. July 11, 1928. Bobbin and reel holders.-A holder or stand for reels and bobbins of wire &c. comprises a base a with an upright central column b to which are adjustably secured one or more sets of radiating arms f which form free-ended spindles for receiving and rotatably carrying the bobbins &c. n. As shown, the arms f are screwed into lugs e on collars d secured to the column by set screws g but the arms may pass through holes in the column and be secured thereto by set screws. The arms may be covered with rubber s to prevent excessive rotation of the bobbins as the wire is drawn off or the bobbins may have rubber bushes or centres or may be forced against friction discs t by springs u and knurled nuts h on the ends of the arms; the nuts h retain the bobbins on the arms. The bobbins may be provided with wooden plugs m fitting therein or with metal stampings o having a central hub p to fit the arms and radial tongues q some of which are left in the plane of the disc and the others of which are bent at right angles thereto to grip the bobbin.
Patent GB-263206-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to refrigerating apparatus
IPC: F25B43/00
Filed: 1925-08-11
Abstract: 263,206. Carrier, W. H., and Carrier Engineering Corporation. Aug. 11, 1925. Fluid - actuating mechanism.-A regulating-valve for controlling flow of liquid refrigerant to a rectifier comprises a valve member 59, Fig. 6, with a grooved stem 60 normally held stationary between an upper adjustable stop 61 and a lower spring-pressed stop screw 62, the valve stem passing through a movable valve seat 58 carried by a diaphragm 57. Liquid refrigerant is admitted from a stand pipe to a port 63 in the lower chamber, and is free to pass through the groove in the valve stem to a port 64 in the upper chamber when the pressure due to the column of liquid in the stand pipe is superior to the pressure of the vapour generated in the rectifier, which acts upon the upper side of the diaphragm. A backflow of liquid from the rectifier is prevented by closure of the valve, and in the event of excessive pressure in the rectifier the lower spring stop yields to prevent damage to the valve or seat while holding the valve closed. A suitable valve D for closing the exhaust vapour passage from the condenser of a refrigerating machine when the machine is stopped and suction ceases comprises a bellows 34, Fig. 5, having a stem 35 adapted to engage a valve member 30 pressed to its seat by a spring piston 31. While the exhausting means is in action the bellows is contracted to hold the valve open to permit the exhausted dense vapours to flow through the valve opening 33.
Patent GB-320140-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in refuse destructor installations
IPC: F23G5/46
Filed: 1928-07-11
Abstract: 320,140. Woodall-Duckham (1920), Ltd., and Scott, A. July 11, 1928. Heating by heated liquids. - In a refusedestructor installation comprising a shaft furnace a with a water jacket m and a boiler d heated by the products of combustion, a pipe l connected with the upper and lower parts of the jacket extends in the form of a coil s through the lower boiler drum g. Water from the jacket is circulated through the coil by a pump p. Steam formed in the jacket escapes at q and water is supplied at r.
Patent GB-1066088-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L21/331
Filed: 1964-05-14
Abstract: 1,066,088. Semi-conductor devices. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. May 14, 1964 [May 20, 1963], No. 20185/64. Heading H1K. A method of making a semi-conductor device comprises depositing a first insulating layer on a surface of a wafer of semi-conductor material, diffusing a significant impurity into the insulating layer, heating in a non-oxidizing impurity-free ambient to diffuse some of the impurity into the wafer, removing the first insulating layer, depositing a second insulating layer, and heating in a non-oxidizing ambient to diffuse some of the impurity deeper into the wafer and some out into the insulating layer. An NPN transistor, Fig. 14, is produced from a wafer 10 of N-type gallium arsenide using the method shown in Fig. 15, the silicon oxide layers being deposited by thermal decomposition of a siloxane compound and the conductivity modifier being zinc. A window is etched in the second oxide layer using a photolithographic technique and tin is diffused into the P-type base region 14<SP>1</SP> to form an N-type emitter region 16, the diffusion being performed in an ambient containing arsenic vapour to prevent dissociation of the gallium arsenide. The oxide layer is removed and a fresh third oxide layer 32 is deposited. Windows are etched in this layer, the surface is covered with an evaporated film of gold, silver, or chromium, and the excess metal is removed by masking and etching. The wafer is then heated to alloy contact 18 to the emitter region 16 and annular contact 19 to the base region. The wafer is masked and etched to form a mesa 20, leads are attached to the contacts and the device is encapsulated. Indium phosphide may be used instead of gallium arsenide and the semi-conductor material is not limited to the III-V compounds. Cadmium, selenium and tellurium are mentioned as alternative impurities for use with III-V compounds and titanium oxide may be used as the insulating layer. The transistor may be of the PNP type and the emitter and base may be in the form of closely adjacent rectangles or other shapes to increase their peripheries without increase of area.
Patent GB-729539-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to switching circuits for pulse-loading a source of electrical energy
IPC: H05G1/60
Filed: 1953-07-22
Abstract: 729,539. Switching systems for X-ray tube supplies. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. July, 22, 1953 [July 25, 1952], No. 20357/53. Class 38 (4). A switching system for a pulsed X-ray tube 8 supplied from a three-phase source 9-11 over a transformer 1 and Graetz rectifier bridge 2-7 comprises in each phase line 9-11 a pair of back-to-back discharge such as 12, 13 fired by a high-frequency generator 22 under the control of an impulse generator 30 (operated by the cine-camera used for recording the exposure) and a device 31 which determines the duration of the impulses. The discharge tubes may be of the thermionic cathode type and are normally held non-conducting by D.C. bias obtained from the A.C. source over transformers 14, 15 and rectifiers 16, 17, this bias being overcome, to render the tubes conducting, by a high-frequency voltage injected by transformers 20, 21 when the impulse generator 30 allows the high-frequency generator 22 to function and excite a transformer 23. Alternatively, the tubes 12, 13 may have mercury cathodes and capacitative igniters, so that D.C. bias is unnecessary to maintain the tubes normally non-conducting.
Patent GB-199625-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the lubrication of internal combustion engines
IPC: F01M11/00
Filed: 1922-07-26
Abstract: 199,625. Smith, B. V. July 26, 1922. Channels and reservoirs in engine crank casings.-In an internal-combustion engine of the Ford type, a pipe 6 connects the forward part of the bottom or side of the crank case to the lower part of the fly-wheel well 2, and transverse ridges 9 are formed on the base of the crank case at the rear of the pockets 4. The pipe 6 allows oil to return to the well from the front part of the case when the vehicle is descending a hill, so that overlubrication of the cylinder is avoided and a sufficient supply is assured for the brake bands, gears and clutch, while the ridges 9 ensure that an adequate supply is retained in the pockets when ascending a hill. The ridges have walls 11 'at the ends which extend forwardly at the sides of the pockets. The pipe 6 is connected at the rear of the forward ridge. A non-return valve may be fitted in the pipe 6. Cooling pins 16 are provided on the under side of the base-plate. In a modification, the pipe 6 is replaced by two passages of channel section formed in the base of the crank case.
Patent GB-682817-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric signalling lines
Inventor: LEWIN LEONARD
IPC: H01P3/10
Filed: 1950-08-17
Abstract: 682,817. Wave-guides. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Aug. 10, 1951 [Aug. 17, 1950], No. 20426/50. Class 40 (viii). A supporting arrangement for a surface wave transmission line comprises a tubular member A having open ends of cross-section sufficient to accept the major part of the surface wave field, and means for centring the line G within the tubular member. In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the tubular member is of uniform crosssection and the centring means consists of a dielectric washer B having a thickness of a half wavelength in the material of the washer. Alternatively two thin dielectric washers can be used spaced apart one quarter wavelength in air. In another form, shown in Fig. 3, the tubular member has conical ends that transform the surface waves into a coaxial mode along a centre section C. Matching diaphragms E may be placed at the ends of the coaxial section. The conductor G may be supported in the coaxial section by a stub S. The section C may be made flexible so that the end washers may be maintained normal to the conductor G even if the conductor sags on each side of the support.
Patent GB-844820-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the treatment of poly (ethylene oxide)
IPC: C08G65/10
Filed: 1958-06-26
Abstract: The residual basic catalyst contained in granular polyethylene oxide is neutralised by contacting the polymer with a non-solvent organic liquid in which is dissolved an acid the anion of which forms with the cation of the catalyst a water-soluble salt. Suitable organic liquids are saturated hydrocarbons and ethers, e.g., pentane, hexane, heptane, isoheptane, ethylpentane, octane, nonane, decane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, butylcyclohexane, 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane, decahydronaphthalene, dimethyl ether, dipropyl ether, methyl butyl ether, dibutyl ether, dihexyl ether, dioctyl ether, dioxane and the dimethyl-, diethyl-, dipropyl- and dibutyl ethers of ethylene and propylene glycols. The polymer may be treated in the form of a slurry with the organic liquid in concentrations of up to 30% by weight.  Suitable acids are formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, caproic, caprylic, hydrochloric, hydrobromic and nitric acids.  They are preferably anhydrous, and mixtures may be employed.  The treated polymer is separated from the liquid by decantation or filtration, and forms clear solutions in water.  Antioxidants may be added at any stage, examples being the 2-hydroxyalkylsubstituted alkylene diamines.  The preparation of granular polyethylene oxide is described, polymerization being effected in the presence of calcium amide catalyst in heptane; in one case, butane is mixed with the ethylene oxide charge.  Examples compare aqueous solutions of polymers treated according to the invention with untreated polymers.