Patent RU-2289484-C2 (RU)
Inventor: TIKHONOV VLADIMIR GEORGIEVICH
IPC: B09B3/00
Filed: 2004-12-22
Granted: 2006-12-20
Abstract: FIELD: the wasteless technologies of the water treatment; methods and installation of sequential processing of the organic waste materials and water treatment. 
     SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the wasteless technologies of the water treatment, in particular, to the method and installation of sequential processing of the organic waste materials of the agricultural and domestic origin. The invention ensures creation of the reliable in operation installation with the expanded technological capabilities. The method provides for feeding of the waste materials, their fermentation and preheating in the connected to each other chambers with the subsequent removal of the purified mass. The organic waste materials fed in the preparatory chamber are distributed in the form of the thing layer on the heating elements and conduct their warming-up. Simultaneously using the vacuum pump create rarefaction in the chamber, bring to the boiling the inhibitors, which vapors are removed by the vacuum pump from the preparatory chamber for processing. The flow of the organic waste materials through the drains is directed into the uniformly preheated chambers of the fermentation, where the filaments are arranged and create the dead zones with the pockets of microflora. Form the flow of the organic waste materials into the spray and keep its form. In the fermentation block form the smooth pressure drop within the limits of 460-1000 mmHg with the frequency of 0.25 Hz. The clarified liquid is exposed to purification by the self-cleaning bio-filter, then it is subjected to settling. The installation includes the communicating to each other chambers separated by the vertical partitions, the stirring device, the preheaters, the gaseous hood, the preparatory chamber with the pipeline for feeding of the source mass, the withdrawals for the reprocessed mass and for removal of the settling. The installation is supplied with the mounted separately from each other and communicating among themselves three blocks: the preparatory-feeding block, the fermentation block and the block of purification of the clarified liquid. The preparatory-feeding block is made in the form of the preparatory, reception and feeding chambers. In the upper part of the preparatory chamber there are the heating elements, then automatic control- and-adjustment device, the vacuum pump with the pipeline for removal of the inhibitors. The preparatory chamber is connected to the feeding chamber by means of the floating-valve gear. In the reception chamber there is the figured lever of the driving mechanism of the stirring device, and in its upper part there is the hermetically sealed hatch, and in the bottom floor part the reception chamber is connected to the feeding chamber through the hole in their common partition. Inside the feeding chamber there is the driving mechanism of the stirring device in the form of the figured lever with the scraper blade, the arbor, the cross piece with the gears and the cross pieces of the drive with the pull-rods. In the upper part the chamber is connected through the pipeline to the drains arranged in it and with one of the chambers of the fermentation block. Each wall of the chambers of fermentation is supplied with the pockets, the slope deflectors and the guiding deflector with a pocket, which divides each chamber of fermentation into the descending section and ascending section along the direction of the spray movement. In each descending and ascending section of one of the chambers of fermentation there are mounted one after another nozzles. The freely hanging down filaments are fixed to the nozzles and slope deflectors. The stirring device is made in the form of the vertical shaft with blades and the cross piece with the gears, the scraper is fixed to the lower end of the shaft, the drive cross piece is fixed to the upper end of the shaft. In the gaseous room of the block of fermentation there is the mounted vacuum-compressor with the control-start automatic tool. The vacuum-compressor is connected to the gas-holder. The ascending section of the last chamber of fermentation is connected by the drain to the chamber of the preliminary settling the clarified liquid purification block, which is made in the form of the communicating to each other chambers of the preliminary settling, the chamber of the self-stripped bio-filter and the settling chamber and which is connected to the block of fermentation by means of the pipeline, inside which there is the drain. In the chamber of the preliminary settling there is the mounted vertical arbor, on the lower end of which there is the fixed the resilient scraper blade, on the arbor upper part there is the mounted cross piece with the gears for actuating the vertical arbor. In the bottom part of the chamber of a preliminary settling is connected to the chamber of a self-stripped bio-filter overlapped by the filtering element. The lower end of the stock of the gear of compression of the filtrating element is fixed to the lower plate of the filtrating element, the upper end of this stock is connected to the lever of the gear of compression of a filtering element. The preparatory-feeding block, the block of fermentation and the block of purification of the clarified liquids can be connected with one another sequentially or in bridge, are disposed under any angle to each other and in different levels. The chambers of fermentation may be made in the any geometrical form. 
     EFFECT: the invention ensures creation of the reliable in operation installation with the expanded technological capabilities. 
     2 cl, 4 dwg