Patent GB-891007-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of foamed polymeric materials
Inventor: LOWE ARTHUR
IPC: C08G18/76
Filed: 1959-04-24
Abstract: In an improvement or modification of the process of the parent Specification there are used (a) a polyisocyanate composition containing sufficient carbamylchloride derivatives to provide an ionizable chlorine content of between 0,1% and 0,25% by weight, at least 5% by weight of a polyisocyanate containing more than two isocyanate groups and a major proportion of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, the isocyanate content of the composition being between 85% and 95% calculated as diphenylmethane diisocyanate, (b) a linear or slightly branched polyester, and (c) a catalyst consisting of an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal salt of a weak acid.  The carbamyl chloride derivatives of the polyisocyanate composition comprise the diisocyanate and trisocyanate compounds of the composition wherein some or all of the isocyanate groups have been converted to N-substituted carbamyl chloride groups, for example by direct addition of hydrogen chloride.  The preferred polyesters are of the kind described in Specification 790,420.  In addition to the catalyst (c) there is advantageously used a tertiary amine such as triethylamine, di(diethylaminoethyl)-adipate, diethylaminoethyl carbanilate, diethylaminopropionamide, diethylaminoethyl benzyl ether, N-methyl morpholine, N-ethyl-piperidine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, N-ethylhexamethyleneimine, triethylene diamine and N,N,N1, N1-tetramethylhexamethylene diamine.  The reaction mixture may also contain surface-active agents, fillers such as carbon black, silica, mica, French chalk, starch, colouring matters, flame-proofing agents, e.g. tri-chlorethyl phosphate and additional gas forming materials such as fluorinated alkanes.  The mixture of reactants can be put into moulds or on to substrates such as woven or unwoven textiles, linoleum, plastic films such as polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of styrene, butadiene and acrylonitrile, piping, and tufted carpets, where foaming takes place. In Examples (1) a cellular product is obtained by reacting a diethylene glycol/pentaerythritol/adipic acid polyester, aqueous sodium carbonate solution and a polyisocyanate composition with a strenght of 87,5% calculated as diphenylmethane diisocyanate and an ionizable chlorine content of 0,12%, obtained by phosgenating a crude diaminodiphenyl methane containing about 15% by weight of polyamines, mainly triamines; (7) in a similar process trichlorofluoromethane is dissolved in the polyisocyanate before it is added to the reaction mixture.  Uses.  Carpet backing, coated plastic films, packaging, facia panels, seats, arm-rests.ALSO:In an improvement or modification of the process of the parent Specification there are used (a) a polyisocyanate composition containing sufficient carbamyl chloride derivatives to provide an ionisable chlorine content of between 0,1% and 0,25% by weight, at least 5% by weight of a polyisocyanate containing more than two isocyanate groups and a major proportion of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, the isocyanate content of the composition being between 85% and 95% calculated as diphenylmethane diisocyanate, (b) a linear or slightly branched polyester, and (c) a catalyst consisting of an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal salt of a weak acid.  The carbamyl chloride derivatives of the polyisocyanate composition comprise the diisocyanate and triisocyanate compounds of the composition wherein some or all of the isocyanate groups have been convered to N-substituted carbamyl chloride groups, for example by direct addition of hydrogen chloride. The preferred polyesters are of the kind described in Specification 790,420.  In addition to the catalyst (c) there is advantageously used a tertiary amine such as triethylamine, di(diethylamino-ethyl)-adipate, diethylaminoethyl carbanilate, di-ethylaminopropionamide, diethylaminoethyl benzyl ether, N-methyl morpholine, N-ethyl-piperidine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, N-ethyl-hexamethyleneimine, triethylene diamine and N,N,N1,N1-tetramethyl-hexamethylene diamine.  The reaction mixture may also contain surface active agents, fillers such as carbon black, silica, mica, French chalk, starch, colouring matters, flameproofing agents, e.g., tri-chlorethyl phosphate and additional gas forming materials such as fluorinated alkanes.  The mixture of reactants can be put into moulds or on to substrates such as woven or unwoven textiles, linoleum, plastic films such as polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of styrene, butadiene and acrylonitrile, piping and tufted carpets, where foaming takes place.  In Examples (1) a cellular product is obtained by reacting a diethylene glycol/pentaerythritol/adipic acid polyester, aqueous sodium carbonate solution and a polyisocyanate composition with a strength of 87,5% calculated as diphenylmethane diisocyanate and an ionisable chlorine content of 0,12%, obtained by phosgenating a crude diaminodiphenyl methane containing about 15% by weight of polyamines, mainly triamines; (7) in a similar process trichlorofluoromethane is dissolved in the polyisocyanate before it is added to the reaction mixture.