baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20010087643-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE WON SEOK
IPC: G11C7/10
Filed: 2000-03-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A data input buffer circuit is provided, which reduces a power consumption because the data input buffer does not operate till a write command after an active command. CONSTITUTION: The data input buffer circuit(20) compares/amplifies a difference between an external data(DIN) and a reference voltage(VREF), and comprises the first PMOS transistor(21) where a power supply voltage(VDD) is connected to a source and a buffer enable signal is connected to a gate, and the second PMOS transistor(22) whose source is connected to a drain of the first PMOS transistor and whose gate is connected with a drain. And the circuit also comprises the third PMOS transistor(23) whose source is connected to the drain of the first PMOS transistor and whose gate is connected to the gate of the second PMOS transistor. The fourth NMOS transistor(24) has a drain connected to the drain of the second PMOS transistor and a gate connected to the reference voltage and a source connected to a ground voltage(VSS). And the fifth NMOS transistor(25) has a drain connected to the drain of the third PMOS transistor and a gate connected to an external data(DIN) and a source connected to the ground voltage. The circuit further includes an inverter(26) serially connected to the drain of the fifth NMOS transistor.
Patent KR-20000062903-A (KR)
Title: 토오크 전달 장치
IPC: F16F15/123
Filed: 2000-03-16
Abstract: 본 발명은 특히 내연기관으로부터 차량내부에 구성된 출력부상의 변속기까지 토크를 전달하기 위한 장치 및 상기 장치를 유지 및 조립 및 분해하기 위한 방법에 관련된다.
Patent KR-20010093468-A (KR)
Title: Toy system and its control method for responding to network
Inventor: KIM CHUN SIK
IPC: H04B10/43
Filed: 2000-03-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: A network reaction system for a toy and control method thereof is provided to use a wireless communication capable of high communication for transmitting and receiving mass information, continuously replace voice and personal information using a writable non-volatile memory, and store information using a protocol linked with a network game for performing a periodical access confirmation, an ID provision and an operation control to a plurality of toys. CONSTITUTION: A wireless interface module is installed in a client PC connected to a server for detecting information for controlling toys from information transmitted from the server, transmitting detected information as a wireless signal, and receiving wireless signals of the toys. A wireless reaction control module(410) attempts a periodical wireless communication access between the wireless interface modules or a same kind of toys and performs an operation control of the toy and an output control of sound by information received through a wireless communication. An operation control module(420) controls an operation of the toy by the control of the wireless reaction control module(410). A power circuit(430) supplies a power for operating the toy. An output unit(440) controls a buzzer, a speaker, or an LED and outputs a reaction operation.
Patent KR-20000036922-A (KR)
Inventor: JEON HONG JOON
IPC: H04W8/24
Filed: 2000-03-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for transmitting a personal image on a hand phone and a vending machine therefor are provided to display the desired image of a user on a liquid crystal screen of the hand phone. CONSTITUTION: A user inserts money into a vending machine and gets a photograph taken(10) from the machine. The user stores the photograph taken at the vending machine into a digital file and synthesizes the photograph with desired background image and text(20). The user transforms the synthesized photograph into an image suitable for the size of the liquid crystal screen of the user's hand phone and the capability of color expression(30), and transmits the transformed image to the hand phone through the data port of the hand phone(40).
Patent KR-20000037223-A (KR)
Inventor: MOON JOON YEON
IPC: A62C35/00
Filed: 2000-04-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: An automatic fire extinguisher used as a fire sensor is provided to alarm and to put out the initial fire simultaneously with sensing it when fire occurred in buildings. CONSTITUTION: An automatic fire extinguisher used as a fire sensor comprises : a solid paraffin material(18) that is solid in the normal condition and reacts to heat sensitively ; vinyl material(17) that is easy to transform in solid condition, that has elasticity and that is weak to heat ; and uses these characteristics of the materials. It senses fire at the proper temperature so quickly and exactly that alarms and puts out the initial fire by a series opening of an automatic nitrogen pressure, and is switched the automatic nitrogen pressure switch valves opened by differences of pressure, and is switched the automatic nitrogen pressure switch valves with hand-operation at an emergency.
Patent KR-20000071945-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM YEONG HUI
IPC: G06F17/00
Filed: 2000-04-19
Abstract: PURPOSE: A system and method for registering information using a character is provided to automatically register member information by registering individual information of a member into one character and then dragging the character to a corresponding position. CONSTITUTION: A system for registering information using a character includes a user computer(10), a character database(50) for storing a character selected by a user and personal information of a corresponding user. A character registration system(70) registers to the character database(50) when a user is connected with the system and inputs a personal information and transmits the registered character information to a corresponding user. The character registration system(70) includes a web server(72) for displaying the information of the home page(80) when the user is connected with the internet.
Patent KR-20010097444-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO JIN WON
IPC: H04B7/00
Filed: 2000-04-22
Abstract: 본 발명은 택시, 에이에스(A/S)차량, 앰블런스 또는 화물이동용 차량 등 필요한 차량을 이용하고자 하는 소비자가 이동전화, 일반전화 또는 인터넷을 이용하여 상기 소비자와 최 근접에 위치하는 차량을 유선 또는 무선으로 호출 또는 근접 차량과 직접연결되어 신속 정확하게 필요한 차량을 이용할 수 있도록 하는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 이동전화를 이용한 모바일 인터넷(Mobile Internet), 피씨(PC, Personal Computer)를 이용한 인터넷, 이동전화 또는 일반유선전화를 이용하여 소비자가 이용하고자 하는 차량의 유형만을 선택하거나 차량의 유형과 소비자 전화번호만을 입력하게 하여 간단하게 차량을 호출할 수 있으며, 소비자의 위치는 위치정보기능을 갖춘 이동전화인 경우에는 셀(Cell, 기지국)방식으로서, 기타의 전화 또는 인터넷인 경우에는 입력한 전화번호의 국번으로서 위치를 자동으로 판별할 수 있도록 하여 소비자의 위치를 용이하게 파악할 수 있으며, 관제센터 및 관제요원을 경유하지 아니하고 메인서버에 의하여 소비자와 차량이 직접 연결되어 간단/신속하고, 호출된 차량에서 소비자의 정보를 디스플레이(Display)하여 소비자에게 자신이 호출한 차량임을 용이하게 판별할 수 있도록 하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20000049955-A (KR)
Inventor: HAN MAN YEOP
IPC: E01D101/26
Filed: 2000-05-09
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method of adjusting load-carrying capacity of a bridge by using a PSC(prestress concrete) girder is provided to increase the load-carrying capacity of a bridge easily without an additional tool. CONSTITUTION: In increasing a load stepwise or creating cracking(34) or sagging(35) of a bridge, a girder(40) cuts an iron core of a steel wire(29) in stages. Thereby, the stress is released and a load-carrying capacity is increased simply by preventing the sagging of the girder(40).
Patent KR-20000071963-A (KR)
Inventor: OH YOUNG JOO
IPC: A45D8/00
Filed: 2000-05-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method of decorating hair with beads is provided, which can decorate hair with new and diverse shapes by adorning the hair with beads at regular intervals and wearing the hair in braids. CONSTITUTION: A method of decorating hair with beads comprises the steps of : wearing the hair (1) in braids, inserting beads at regular intervals, and wearing accessories (3) at the lower end of the hair after wearing the hair in braids. The beads are inserted into the hair by putting the beads upward the hair after inserting the beads into the loop of a bead inserting tool. The inserted accessories are pushed up to the middle of an aluminium foil (5) to be folded. And then, a ring (4) is pushed down toward the accessories to set and decorate the hair.
Patent KR-20010109997-A (KR)
Inventor: KWON DOO HYOUN
Filed: 2000-06-05
Abstract: 본 발명은 광선차단 겸용 발광광고판에 관한 것으로서, 판상의 유리 표면에 부착되는 판형의 투명시트와; 상기 투명시트의 일면에 격자형상으로 배열되는 복수개의 발광소자와; 상기 발광소자와 투명시트의 사이에 제공되며 상기 발광소자의 발광으로 인한 난반사를 방지할 수 있도록 구비되는 리플렉터와; 선택된 메모리에 따라 상기 발광소자를 제어하여 광고문구를 표현할 수 있도록 하는 제어기와; 상기 제어기에 전원을 공급할 수 있도록 하는 어댑터를 포함하며 구성하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 
     이에 따라 본 발명은 투명시트에 부착된 발광소자를 이용하여 원하고자하는 광고문구를 자유로이 표현할 수 있게 된다.
Patent KR-20010110034-A (KR)
Inventor: HONG JAE HONG
IPC: H04B1/40
Filed: 2000-06-05
Abstract: 본 발명은 개인휴대용 단말기(핸드폰, PCS 등)에 사용자정의가 가능한 단축키 설정을 부가한 것으로, 
     특히 전화번호부 등 각종 기능들이 실현되기 위해 필요한 데이터가 저장된 데이터메모리부와, 개인휴대용 단말기 동작에 필요한 프로그램 등이 저장된 프로그램 메모리부와, 그리고 키입력부와 표시부를 갖춘 개인휴대용 단말기에 사용자정의 단축키를 설정하는 것에 있어서, 상기 키입력부로부터 메뉴키가 입력되면 메뉴창이 활성화되어 데이터메모리에 저장된 각종의 기능이 표시부에 표출되는 제1과정과, 상기 제1과정의 메뉴창 표출중 단축키 설정을 위한 활용키도 동시에 표출되어 단축키 입력여부에 따라 사용자정의 단축키 설정을 진행하는 제2과정과, 상기 제2과정에서 단축키 입력이 있는 것으로 판단되면 입력된 단축번호와 상기 데이터메모리부를 검색하여 기저장된 번호와 비교하여 일치할 경우 표시부에 경고알림을 통해 알리는 제3과정과, 상기 제3과정에서 비교 결과 기저장된 번호가 없는 것으로 판단되면 메뉴창에 표출된 기능들이 일괄 단축번호로 상기 데이터메모리부에 등록되는 제4과정과, 키입력부로터 상기 제4과정에서 등록된 단축번호가 입력되면 표시부에 해당메뉴가 일괄실행되어 표시부에 표출되는 제5과정으로 이루어진 것을 그 구성적 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20010110577-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO SEO YONG
Filed: 2000-06-07
Abstract: 본 발명은 BaO, TiO 2 와 Nb 2 O 5 를 주성분으로 하는 유전체 세라믹 조성물에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명은 xBaO·yTiO 2 ·zNb 2 O 5 (0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.3, 0.15 ≤ y ≤ 0.3, 0.4 ≤ z ≤ 0.7)를 주 조성으로 하고 여기에 B 2 O 3, CuO, ZnO, Bi 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 5 , Ag 2 O 또는 V 2 O 5 중에서 선택된 산화물 중 어느 하나 이상의 소결조제를 포함하여 합성된 유전체 세라믹 조성물을 제공한다. 본 발명은 또한 주 조성의 각 양이온 자리에 Sr, Zr, Ta 등 소량의 원소를 치환하여 유전특성을 향상시킨 유전체 세라믹과 이를 이용한 고주파용 유전체 세라믹 적층 부품을 제공한다. 
     본 발명에 의한 유전체 조성물은 소결조제를 첨가하여 1000℃ 이하의 낮은 온도에서 소결이 가능하므로 은 또는 은/팔라듐 전극과 동시에 소성할 수 있으며, 치환원소를 선택적으로 첨가하여 유전율과 유전손실 그리고 공진주파수 온도계수등과 같은 유전특성을 조절할 수 있게 한다.
Patent KR-20010029791-A (KR)
Title: Chip-Type Electronic Device
Inventor: KAWASE MASAHIKO
IPC: H01C1/146
Filed: 2000-06-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide chip-type electronic components, the resistance value of which does not vary, even if internal electrodes are formed in deviated states or ceramic green sheets laminated upon another in deviated states. CONSTITUTION: Chip-type electronic component 1 is provided with a sintered ceramic body 2 constituted by integrally sintering a plurality of ceramic layers, internal electrodes formed in the body 2, and external electrodes 7a and 7b formed at both end sections of the body 2. The internal electrodes are composed of first electrodes 3a and 3b, second electrodes 4a and 4b, and a third electrode 5 and one ends of the first electrodes 3a and 3b are connected electrically to one 7a of the external electrodes 7a and 7b. The second electrodes 4a and 4b are respectively connected electrically to the first electrodes 3a and 3b via via holes 6a and 6b. In addition, one end of the third electrode 5 is electrically connected to the other external electrode 7b, and at the same time, the electrode 5 overlaps the second electrodes 4a and 4b through a ceramic layer in such a way that the electrode 5 covers the electrodes 4a and 4b, when the electrodes 4a and 4b are viewed from the direction perpendicular to the surface of the electrode 5.
Patent KR-20010029795-A (KR)
Title: Electronic component and method for improving pixel charge transfer in the electronic component
Inventor: CLIFFORD I DROWLEY
IPC: H01L27/146
Filed: 2000-06-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: To suppress decrease in the sensitivity of a pixel cell and the occurrence of persistence of vision by forming an image detection region so that a device width reaches the maximum near a travel gate and increasing the amount of electric charge being eliminated from an image detection device. CONSTITUTION: An image detection device 41 is formed on a semiconductor substrate and has an active detection region 47 being surrounded by a field oxide 48. The image detection region 47 is formed by a rectangular region that is partitioned by a tapered region. Then, the width of the image detection region 47 reaches the maximum at a rectangular region 49 with a device width W49 adjacent to a travel gate 42 and decreases in the direction toward a rectangular region 53 that is a rectangular region being away from the travel gate 42. As a result, when the travel gate 42 is enabled, the electrostatic barrier between the image detection region 47 and a source region is reduced, and an entire electric charge in the image detection region 47 can be moved to the source region.
Patent KR-20010111856-A (KR)
Inventor: NA NAM YEAL
Filed: 2000-06-13
Abstract: 본 발명은 하수관내에 퇴적된 슬러지를 준설하는 장비와 공법에 관한 것으로서, 맨홀의 하수관 입구에 세정수 분사장치을 설치하고, 그 분사장치를 노즐을 통해서 하수관내의 슬러지에 고압의 세정수를 대량으로 분사하며, 분사되는 세정수의 충격과 이때에 하수관의 바닦에서 발생되는 세찬 수류를 이용, 하수관내의 슬러지와 하수를 맞은편 맨홀까지 쓸어내고, 
     세정수와 뒤섞여서 맨홀에 쓸려나온 하수와 슬러지를 펌프로 퍼올여서, 지상에 설치된 침전용 탱크에서 슬러지를 침전시키고, 슬러지가 침전되고 하수와 뒤섞여서 남은 세정수를 세정수 가압용 고압펌프로 보내서, 하수관내에 분사되는 세정수로 재활용하고, 
     슬러지 침전용 탱크의 바닦에 조성되어있는 슬러지 배출용 구멍에 부착된 슬러지 압출용 고압펌프와, 하수도 준설현장의 교통장애를 최소화 시키기 위해서 멀리 떨어진 주차장과 같은 넓은 곳에 주차한 이송용 차량까지 슬러지 이송용 고압호스를 가설하여, 상기의 슬러지 침전용 탱크에 침전된 슬러지를 이송시키므로, 
     규모가 큰 기존의 하수관 준설용 장비는 진입하기 어렵던 골목길의 하수관과, 차량통행이 많은 곳에서의 하수관 준설작업도 용이하며, 
     하수관을 단시간에 경제적으로 준설하면서도 하수관내부의 구조물 표면까지도 완전하게 세척하여, 준설 후에 하수관내에 유입되는 이물질이 하수관내에 남아있는 슬러지에 걸리지 않고 흘러가도록 하여, 하수관내의 이물질퇴적을 지연시키므로, 준설 결과에 대한 신뢰성이 향상되도록 한 하수관 준설장비와 공법에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20020004434-A (KR)
Title: Device and method for testing space switching of pcm data in mobile communication msc system
Inventor: LEE GYU HO
IPC: H04W88/08
Filed: 2000-07-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus and a method for testing space division switching of PCM data in a mobile communication exchange system are provided so that an operator can test the characteristics of space division switching of a PCM data channel in a mobile communication exchange system and personal mobile communication exchange system. CONSTITUTION: A terminal(100) is charge of interfacing between an operator and a space division test processor(200). The space division test processor(200) performs a space division switching test operation. A network synchronization clock generation unit(300) generates a network synchronization clock related to a PCM space division switching operation to a space division switching unit(402) and lower level processor(403) in a space division switch(400). A plurality of control memories(401) store control data related to various kinds of space division switching. A space division switching unit(402) performs the function of space division switching of data for a PCM test according to the network synchronization clock outputted from the network synchronization clock generation unit(300).
Patent KR-20020003791-A (KR)
Title: A multimedia moving picture advertising service system and a service method on the network
Inventor: HONG JIN O
Filed: 2000-07-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: A multimedia moving picture advertising service system and method is provided to access a moving picture advertisement through an advertisement window by providing a program capable of displaying a screen of the moving picture advertisement to a user terminal connected through a network. CONSTITUTION: A user executes a web browser built in a user computer(100) and connects to the Internet(300). An advertiser assigns moving pictures to advertisement contents stored in an advertisement database(220) in which the advertisement contents are stored. In addition, the advertiser connects to the Internet(300) through an advertiser server(210). A router(400) optimizes a path for transmitting information requested by the advertiser. A web server(500) connects one or more advertisement contents with the user computer(100). In addition, the web server(500) provides a web page requested by the user. A moving picture server(600) provides information on moving picture advertisements. A database server(700) stores user information, files of the moving picture advertisement and statistical information.
Patent KR-20020005279-A (KR)
Title: The Faucet-Joint Within Water Hammer Arrester
Inventor: KANG CHUL
IPC: F16L55/045
Filed: 2000-07-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: A faucet joint for a tap containing a water hammer absorber is provided to conveniently install a faucet joint, to improve water hammer absorbing performance by mounting the water hammer absorber and to prevent the water hammer absorber from being separated. CONSTITUTION: A faucet joint for a tap having a water hammer absorber comprises a water supply pipe connecter(2); a chamber(4) formed with the water supply pipe connecter; a water supplying port(14) inserted to the water supply pipe connecter; a tap connecter(18); a fixed body(16) formed on a lower portion of the chamber; a sill unit(17) mounted on the lower portion of the chamber; absorbing plates(5a,5b) contained in the chamber; a taper unit(7) curving the assemblage of the absorbing plate; a compressed spring(9) absorbing impact force; a socket(19) mounted on the inner circumference of the tap connecter; a taper nut installed on the socket; plural unevenness units formed on an outer diameter of the rear pipe body unit; a cut unit formed on a rear end of the rear pipe body unit; and a chamber space(24). The compressed spring and gas is compressed through deformation of the taper unit by pressurizing the assemblage of the absorbing plates.
Patent KR-20020006366-A (KR)
Title: Decoding Circuit For Semiconductor Memory Device Capable Of Disabling Word Line Sequentially
Inventor: CHOI JONG HYEON
IPC: G11C8/14
Filed: 2000-07-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A decoding circuit of a semiconductor memory device which can inactivate word lines in sequence is provided, which reduces a ground noise, by inactivating a number of word lines in sequence and thus prevents the noise from affecting other word lines in an inactive state. CONSTITUTION: An address buffer(400) generates signals(RA/RAB2-4,RA/RAB5-6,RA/RAB7-8,RA/RAB9-10,RA/RAB0-1) for a predecoding by receiving XR0-10 addresses from the external. XRA2-8 addresses are used for designating 128 main decoders, and XRA9-10 addresses for four cell array blocks, and XRA0-1 addresses are used for designating four sub word line drivers. Predecoders(410,420) outputs signals(DRA234_i,DRA56_j,DRA78_k) to designate a main decoder by receiving an output of an address buffer(400), and signals(DRA910_l) to designate cell array blocks, and signals(DRA01-m) to designate a sub word line driver. The main decoder outputs 128 word line enable signals(NWE_0-NEW_127). And a PX/PXB signal generator to drive the sub word line driver in the cell array block 0 outputs signals(PX/PXB_0m) to drive the sub word line driver in the cell array block 0, by receiving DRA01_m signals and DRA910_0 signal.
Patent KR-20020009170-A (KR)
Title: A water course meter with a pressure control valve
Inventor: KWON DEOK SIK
IPC: F16K17/00
Filed: 2000-07-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A water meter containing a pressure-controlling valve is provided to prevent water hammering or sudden operation generated by irregular water current and to improve measure efficiency by exactly measuring water. CONSTITUTION: A water meter having a pressure controlling valve comprises a connecting plate(112) combined with a packing by having a circular shape; a through hole(115) passing water by being mounted on the connecting plate; a valve body(110) forming plural supports(113) on a middle portion; a slide pipe(114) having a screw by being installed on a side of the valve body; guide plates(120,120a) inserted to an outer portion of the slide pipe of the valve body; a fixing nut(121) fixing the guide plates on the slide pipe; a rubber packing(122) installed between the guide plates; a moving bar(132) elastically inserted to the slide pipe by a spring(131); an opening cup(130) opened or closed by surrounding the guide plates; plural recessed grooves(134) formed on the opening cup; a control plate(140) controlling pressure of a chamber of the opening cup; and plural water discharging holes(136) penetrated along a circumference of the opening cup.
Patent KR-20020010991-A (KR)
Title: A method of forming tungsten plug in semiconduntor device
Inventor: LEE SEONG GWON
IPC: H01L21/283
Filed: 2000-07-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for forming a tungsten plug of a semiconductor device is provided to prevent an abnormal profile of the tungsten plug caused by a key hole occurring in a tungsten layer. CONSTITUTION: A planarized interlayer dielectric(31) is formed on a silicon substrate(30) and then selectively etched to form a contact hole. Next, a barrier metal layer(32) is formed along the entire surface, and then the tungsten layer(33) is deposited to fill the contact hole. Here, the key hole is produced in the tungsten layer(33) within the contact hole. Next, a photoresist layer(34) is coated on the tungsten layer(33) so as to fill the key hole. The photoresist layer(34) and the tungsten layer(33) are then etched back to form the tungsten plug. Instead of using the photoresist layer(34), polymer can be deposited or alternatively the surface of the tungsten layer(33) can be oxidized to fill up the key hole.
Patent KR-20010050106-A (KR)
Inventor: MORI MASAZUMI
IPC: C22C38/04
Filed: 2000-08-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: To solve the problem of deterioration in magnetic shielding property and increase in the amount of beam drift, caused when the invar alloy used in press type is used as a semi-tension mask type mask material to be formed into mask by applying tension. CONSTITUTION: The Fe-Ni alloy for semi-tension mask has a composition consisting of, by mass, 34-45% Ni, 0.01-0.5% Mn and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities. Further, in the surface of the alloy sheet after final cold rolling, the sum of (111) aggregation degree and (220) aggregation degree, α(111)+(220), represented by the following equation £1| is regulated to >= 15%.
Patent KR-20000072454-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE MAL SUN
Filed: 2000-09-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: An interactive internet shopping mall system is provided to actively induce the purchase decisions of the user by enabling the user to converse with the employees while shopping, to increase revenue by securing permanent customers through creation of a new community, and to enable the user to shop in an illusional cyber mall that includes various cyber shops. CONSTITUTION: A user identifies oneself as a member(S101) and receives the cyber mall's image and product information, and user's cyber character location information, which displays user's location in the cyber mall(S102¯S103). When the user orders the character to relocate to a different shop, the character is relocated, and the relocation information is transmitted to the user(S104¯S105). Once the user finds the desired store, the user clicks the store, receives the store's product information, selects a product, and exchanges opinions regarding the selected product with the employee through a conversation channel (S106¯S108). If the user decides to purchase the product, the purchase information and the user's location information are stored in the member's information DB(S109¯S110).
Patent KR-20010030408-A (KR)
Inventor: DOI YASUYUKI
IPC: H03F3/68
Filed: 2000-09-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: An energy efficient lithography laser is provided to permit precise control of the fluorine concentration in a gas discharge laser chamber. CONSTITUTION: Laser chamber(1) comprises 20.3 liters of laser gas. Nominally, as described above for a KrF laser, the constituents are 1.0 percent krypton, 0.1 percent fluorine and the remainder neon. The 0.1 percent fluorine represents a volume of about 0.0020 liters or 2 ml of fluorine at 3 atm. In mass terms the nominal amount of fluorine in the laser chamber is about 8 grams (81 mg). The partial pressure of the fluorine is about 280 Pa, pure fluorine (corresponding to about 28 kPa of the 1% fluorine mixture). During normal operations with the laser operating at a duty factor of about 40 percent (which is typical for a lithography laser) fluorine is depleted at a rate of about 3.3 mg per hour (this corresponds to about 5% of the fluorine in the chamber per hour). In terms of partial pressure of pure fluorine, this normal depletion rate of fluorine is about 1.45 Pa per hour. To make up for this depletion using the 1% fluorine gas mixture, a volume of the mixture equivalent to about 1.15 kPa per hour is added to the chamber.