Patent GB-440180-A (GB)
Abstract: 440,180. Multiplying machines. McCLURE, E. C., Ada Avenue, Wahroonga, New South Wales, Australia. March 19, 1934, No. 5499. [Class 106 (i)] A machine for multiplying, without decimalization, a non-decimal amount by a decimal amount comprises partial - product devices representing each figure in each non-decimal denomination multiplied by 1, 2-9, means for selecting on these devices the range corresponding to the non-decimal multiplicand, means for picking out from that range the product of the multiplicand and one digit of the decimal multiplier, and means to select later, on the partial-product devices, the range corresponding to ten times the multiplicand. The machine described is used for multiplying amounts sterling by decimal numbers. Setting the multiplicand. The same twelve keys 20, Figs. 1 and 32, are used for setting pounds, shillings, pence, and fractions of pence, some keys being marked with both fractions and whole numbers (e.g. 7/8d. and 7). " 10 " and " 11 " pence keys are included. The depression of a key 20 causes its end 26 to raise a bar 32 which rocks a stop lever 34a, Fig. 25, pivoted in a carriage 35. The stop lever 34a pushes aside a spring- controlled bar 47 which normally forms a zero stop, and then acts as a positioning means for a bar 154a. Each key lever has an arm 27 which pulls forward a plate 29 carrying a stop 303 and a pawl 304 which allow an escapement wheel 294 to move one step anticlockwise at each reciprocation of the plate. The escapement wheel is free on a shaft 56 and has pivoted to it a pawl 295 which engages a ratchet wheel 293 secured to the shaft 56. The upper end of the shaft 56 has keyed to it a pinion 55, Fig. 1, engaging a rack 54 on the carriage 35, the carriage (and thus the shaft 56 and the ratchet wheel 293) being urged to move by springs. Back spacing. The carriage 35 can be backspaced by depressing a key 493 which rocks a lever 498 carrying a pawl engaging a rack 502 gearing with a pinion 509 on the shaft 56. Indicating the multiplicand and the multiplier. Each key 20 is connected to a rod 65, Figs. 1 and 51, which can rock an arm 69 on a shaft 70, the arms being arranged as shown to give the shaft a differential movement which is communicated through a quadrant 71 to a pinion 97 on the end of a sleeve 96. The sleeve cannot move longitudinally and within it slides a shaft 85 urged to the right by a spring 99 and provided with a tooth 83 projecting through a slot in the sleeve. The sleeve is located in a set of plates 72, Fig. 52, which rotatably support indicating drums 80. When the sleeve 96 rotates it turns the tooth 83, the tooth engaging a projection 84 on the inside of the highest denomination drum 80 which is thus rotated in opposition to a spring 101 and the setting is retained by a pawl 94 engaging ratchet teeth 76a on the drum. When the sleeve returns to its normal position the tooth 83 comes opposite to a gap 82 in the plate 72. The gap was previously covered by the projection 84, but the tooth can now pass through and is thus forced into contact with the projection 84 of the next drum. A similar indicator set by the multiplier keys is provided for indicating the multiplier. Zeroizing the multiplier and multiplicand indicators. The shaft 85 is returned to the left by moving a handle 90 secured to a frame 87. Towards the end of the movement the frame engages a slide 106 having cams 107 which release the pawls 94. Obtaining the partial products. After the multiplicand has been set, the multiplier keys 64, Fig. 5, are depressed seriatim, the operating handle being reciprocated after each depression. Each key 64 moves through a lever 129 a frame 132 an amount depending upon the value of the key depressed, the movement being transmitted to levers 142, 144 having slots 145 The levers 129 also engage a frame 131 having a cam 263 which removes a detent from pinions 157 gearing with teeth 156 on the bars 154a. These bars are thus free to be moved by springs until they engage the set stop levers in the carriage 35. The bars 154a engage pinions 140 secured to partial-product plates 115, 115a. There is a bar 154a and a pair of plates for each denomination, i.e. for fractions of pence, pence, units of shillings, tens of shillings, pounds, &c. One plate 115 of each pair relates to the units of the partial product and the other plate 115a relates to the transfer to the next higher denomination. The plates are divided into sectors each relating to a different digit or fraction, the plates being rotated by the bars 154a to bring the sectors corresponding to the multiplicand opposite a pair of links 146. The links 146 have slots 149 in which slide pins 152 also engaging the slots 145 in the levers 142, 144. These levers have been positioned by the depressed multiplier key 64 and thus the pins 152 are opposite the proper steps in the selected sector of the product plates. Entering the partial products into the totalizer. During the return movement of the frame 131 a cam 280 engages a lever 277 pivoted to a lever 275 and raises a rod 276 which disengages a detent bar 282 from a series of toothed sectors 150, 151 each pivoted at 272 and connected to the links 146. The sectors then move under the action of springs 207 until the pins 152 engage steps on the product plates. The totalizer pinions 323, Fig. 47, are pivoted on a shaft 307 and are moved longitudinally with the shaft when the latter is moved by a cam 311, Fig. 1, on a rod 367 actuated by a cam and a lever from the main shaft 232. The sectors 151 are controlled by the steps on the higher denomination plates 115a and are returned to their normal positions by a cam on the shaft 232 engaging arms 368a on the sectors. During this movement the pence totalizer pinion is engaged with the sector 151 of the fractions of pence, the units of shillings pinion is engaged with the pence sector 151, &c. The cam 311 then moves the shaft 307 to engage the fractions of pence wheel with the fractions of pence sector 150, the pence wheel with the pence sector 150, &c. The sectors 150 are controlled by the units plates 115, the sectors then being returned by cams on the shaft 232. The denominations of the partial product are thus added together and the totalizer shows the product of the multiplicand by the first factor of the multiplier. Automatic setting of ten times the multiplicand. The bars 154a are integral with racks 156, Fig. 5, engaging pinions 157 meshing with vertical bars 173, 174 which are thus set to correspond to the multiplicand. The vertical bar 173 relating to fractions of pence has a projection 187 co-operating with a slidable plate 162. When the plate is freed, it is moved by a spring 194 a distance corresponding to the units part of ten times the original multiplicand digit, this movement being determined by the contact of the projection 187 with steps on the plate. The top of the plate has a gap 162b, Fig. 6, and a lug 162c. A shaft 222, Fig. 1, is then rocked by cam means from the main shaft and a link 58 is lowered, the link being connected to the carriage 35 which is thus pulled down against the action of springs. The set pivoted stop lever in the fraction of pence row is restored by engaging the edge of the plate 162 and another stop lever representing the lower denomination part of ten times the original fraction is set by the lug 162c. The pence bar 174 has a stop 188 which controls a plate 163 so that it can move a distance corresponding to the pence part of ten times the original pence figure. An auxiliary plate 204 is slidably mounted on the plate 163 and has a gap 199 and a lug 201 for setting a stop lever in the carriage 35. The auxiliary plate 204 moves relatively to the plate 163 an amount representing the pence part of the product of ten times the original fraction of pence and is controlled by a lever 212 engaging steps on the plate. The lever is moved by an arm 185 of the vertical bar 173. The total movement of the auxiliary plate 204 is thus the sum of the separate movement of this plate and of the plate 163 and the new stop set in the units row of the carriage 35 represents the total pence figure of ten times the original multiplicand. Similar interconnections between the remaining sliding plates 164 ... ensure that ten times the original multiplicand is set up on the carriage 35 A key 64 for the second digit of the multiplier is next depressed and the handle operated, the multiplication .proceeding as before. At the conclusion of this operation, one hundred times the original multiplicand is left set up on the carriage 35. Clearing the machine. Zeroizing mechanism. At the conclusion of a calculation a clear key 435, Figs. 39, 40 and 41, is depressed, thus moving to the left bars 383, 379, 384. A notch 445 in the key 435 is engaged by the keyboard plate 21 and the key is thus held depressed until it is rocked by hand and so released. The bar 384, by a lug 389, sets mechanism whereby, when the main shaft is operated, an arm 540, Fig. 5, releases the detent 282 of the sectors 150. The bar 379 rocks a lever 378 to rotate a cam 369 to draw down bolts 370 so that the connection between the sectors 150 and the links 146 is broken. The key 435 is also connected by links 485, 488, Fig. 1, to a bar 491, Fig. 47, which is thus turned to block a slide 354. When the handle is operated, the totalizer pinions 323 are engaged with the sectors 150, the latter are freed and are rotated by their springs to turn the totalizer pinions to zero, i.e. until the transfer teeth 324 engage the slide 354 (now locked by the bar 491). The pinions are later disengaged and the sectors restored by cams acting on their arms 368a. The bar 384 positions a lever 366 pivoted to the rod 367 carrying the cam 311 causing the longitudinal sliding of the totalizer shaft so that the rod 367 is actuated at the proper time by a lever 364 rocked by a cam on the main shaft 232. A cam 416 on the bar 38