baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1076786-A (GB)
Title: Silicate layer minerals and products made therefrom
IPC: C04B33/13
Filed: 1964-07-10
Abstract: A modified crystalline layer lattice mineral containing at least a substantial proportion of vermiculite layers (see Division C1) may be dispersed in oils of lubricating viscosity, e.g. solvent refined mineral oils and naphthenic oils to form greases.ALSO:A modified crystalline layer lattice mineral containing at least a substantial proportion of vermiculite layers and capable of being dispersed in a liquid organic medium in which at least a major proportion of the interlayer cations normally present in the vermiculite layers of the natural crystalline mineral have been replaced by an organic cation, which cation when so exchanged is capable of promoting gross swelling of the crystalline mineral in a direction normal to the main cleavage plane of the mineral crystals during immersion of the crystals in an organic liquid subsequent to the exchange of said cations, is prepared by exchanging the cations present in the vermiculite with said organic cation.  The cations of the mineral may be exchanged by treating the crystalline mineral with an aqueous solution containing the organic cation.  The vermiculite is treated by (a) refluxing it with an aqueous solution containing the organic substance; (b) adding the organic substance to vermiculite wherein the cations have been exchanged by a cation capable of promoting gross swelling of the crystalline plane of the mineral during immersion of the crystals in water subsequent to said replacement, and washing the saturated mineral in water until macroscopic swelling has occurred; (c) as in (b) above, but the organic substance is added to a dispersion of said treated vermiculite in water produced by subjecting the product in aqueous suspension to shearing forces (see Specification 1,016,385). The treated modified vermiculite may be dried, immersed in an organic liquid and subjected to mechanical disintegration to form a suspension of vermiculite flakes.  The organic cation may be selected from ammonium, phosphonium and sulphonium cations having substituent groups selected from saturated and unsaturated aliphatic chains containing not less than 6 carbon atoms, polyoxyethylene chains and aromatic and heterocyclic rings e.g. n-hexyl-, n-dodecyl-, n-octadecyl-, n - octadecenyl -, methyloctadecyl -, dimethyloctadecyl -, cetyltrimethyl ammonium, cetylpyridinium and benzidinium cations and the cation formed from an octadecyl-di(polyoxyethylene) amine containing 10 oxyethylene groups.ALSO:Organic liquid dispersions of a modified crystalline layer lattice mineral containing at least a substantial proportion of vermiculite layers (see Division C1) may be applied to surfaces to form coatings after evaporation of the organic liquid.  The dispersions may also contain other organic e.g. lacquers and resins and inorganic substances e.g. metallic powders and mineral fibres and coloured pigments may also be present.  An example relates to a dispersion in commercial petroleum solvent applied to a porous ceramic tile.
Patent GB-1424086-A (GB)
Title: Production of a phototropic glass
IPC: C03C21/00
Filed: 1973-06-18
Abstract: 1424086 Producing phototropic glass CARLZEISS - STIFTUNG [trading as JENAER GLASWERK SCHOTT & GEN] 18 June 1973 [22 June 1972] 28778/73 Heading C1M A phototropic glass is produced by immersing a non-phototropic glass, which is capable of being rendered phototropic by heat treatment alone at an elevated predetermined temperature at which phase separation occurs, in a liquid maintained at the said elevated temperature for a time sufficient to produce a phototropic glass. The liquid is preferably maintained at above the transformation temperature of the non-phototropic glass. The liquid may be a molten metal or molten salt or salt mixture. If a salt is used, its density should be equal to, or up to 0À5 g./c.c. less than, that of the glass (so that the glass does not float). The salt may comprise ions which colour or strengthen by ion-exchange the glass. For a silver-containing glass, the liquid may comprise Ag<SP>+</SP> ions to inhibit loss of silver from the glass. Specific examples of salt baths given are (a) 28% KCl, 35% KNO 3 , 36% Ba(NO 3 ) 2 , 1% KMnO 4 ; (b) 65% NaF, 35% ZnF 2 ; and (c) 70% LiF and 30% LiCl (per cent by weight). Coloration may be achieved by adding Cu or Co ions to the melt. Examples of glass compositions treated are also given. The figure shows apparatus in which glass discs are passed on conveyer belt VIII through preheating chamber I, salt bath III, cooling chamber IV and washing chamber V. The discs may be held in cages VI for stress-relief. In examples the heat treatment was, e.g. at 605-660 C. for 60-70 minutes. Using salt bath (c) above, a compressive stress layer of thickness 40 Ám was produced by ion exchange.
Patent GB-334400-A (GB)
Title: An improved ball float cock
IPC: F16K31/24
Filed: 1929-09-23
Abstract: 334,400. Hacking, J. E. W. Oct. 10, 1928, [Convention date]. Ball and float valves. - In a ball float cock having a diaphragm valve member 5, or a lift member with diaphragm packing be. hind, the inlet nipple 4 is extended to or beyond the plane of the shoulder 3 against which the diaphragm is held by the plunger guide 8 and bush 10. The opening movement of the valve by the lever 7, arranged as shown, is limited by a screw, such as 12, or a screw cap with attached stop pin. In a modification, the plunger may be screwed and operate by the direct rotary movement of the float lever.
Patent GB-784023-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to suspended document files
IPC: B42F15/00
Filed: 1955-10-10
Abstract: 784,023. Suspension filing systems. ORGAREX. Oct. 10, 1955 [Oct. 11, 1954], No. 28841/55. Class 146(1) A document file of the kind having bars resting on two parallel rails in a filing cabinet and having a slide extending from either end of each bar to allow adjustments of the length of the bar for differing rail spacings, has each slide and the corresponding part of the bar provided with resilient locking means for releasably fixing the position of the slides with respect to the body of the bar. As shown, each bar 2 or 3 of C shape is provided with a series of holes 7 punched out in the lower edge and each slide 6 is formed from metal strip and has a slot 6b leaving a tongue 6c which is formed with a downward projection 6d to engage in one of the holes 7. To allow for rail spacings less than the distance between holes 7. the rail engaging notches 6a are made wider than the rails. As shown in Fig. 5. the top edges 1a, 1b of a folder 1 may lie between the strip 6 and the outer flange of the bar 2, 3 or as in Fig. 6, the edges 1a, 1b may be clamped between the strips 6 and the main web of the bar 2. 3. To facilitate entry of the slide, the top edge 1a, 1b may be tapered as at 1c in Fig. 3. To form a concertina series of. folders as in Fig. 6, the top edges 1a, 1b of adjacent folders 1 are engaged in the same bar 2. Each top edge 1a. 1b may be engaged in a separate bar and as in Fig. 5, one bar 2 may be formed with a wide top edge to overlap the other bar 3 to form a closed file. To make the movement of the projection 6d out of the holes easier, the tongue 6c may be slightly warped by torsion about its middle line near to its root 6e. A resilient projection at each end of the bar may co-operate with a series of notches or holes formed in the slides.
Patent GB-967660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for controlling riots
Inventor: FINN DOUGLAS HART
IPC: C06D7/00
Filed: 1959-08-24
Abstract: 967,660. Ammunition containing lachrymatory agents; weapons. H.M. PRINCIPAL SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE WAR DEPARTMENT. Nov. 14, 1960 [Aug. 24, 1959], No. 28931/59. Headings F3A and F3C. [Also in Division F1] A riot-control apparatus comprises a container housing a charge of one of the following lachrymatory agents, o-fluoro, o-ohloro, obromo, o-nitro, o-cyano or o-hydroxy benzal malononitrile and means for emitting the charge from the container so that it is dispersed in a particulate form into the surrounding atmosphere. The derivative of benzal malononitrile may be mixed intimately with a composition comprising a combustible material such as charcoal, sulphur or tartaric acid, and an oxidizing agent such as a chlorate. A metallic oxide or carbonate as stabilizer and an inert absorbent material such as kaolin may also be added. A typical charge composition given is Example 2 o-Chloro benzal malononitrile 35% Potassium Chlorate 30% Sucrose 30% Kaolin 3% Zinc Oxide 2% The container 1 has an ignition device, which as shown at 7 is of the flag-off lever cap striking type, but may be a friction igniter and may also incorporate a delay fuze. This device ignites a primed cambric tube 8 which burns to ignite in turn the inner surface of the charge 3. The combustion gases evolved carry the vaporized agent from the container 1 via holes 6 into the atmosphere. A modification of this embodiment comprises a container and ignition device suitable for use as a projectile to be fired from a mortar, the device being ignited by the flash from the propellant. In a second embodiment the agent, in solid or particulate forms, surrounds an explosive charge which on being detonated disrupts the container and scatters the agent as an aerosol of solid particles. In a third embodiment the agent in particulate form is dispersed into the atmosphere by developing within the container a gas pressure sufficient to disrupt the container, the pressure being provided by a propellant, a compressed air cylinder or a spring-actuated bellows. A fourth embodiment, Fig. 5, comprises a container 41, in which is housed a solution of the agent in, for example, dimethyl formamide together with a very volatile propellant fluid such as dichloro-difluoro-methane. The discharge device comprises a nozzle 42, tube 43, strainer 48 and a cap 45 having a hexagonallycross-sectioned valve 44 in which are formed an axial outlet bore 47 and transverse bore 46. Fractionally unscrewing the cap 45 releases the liquid, the necessary pressure being due to the propellant fluid or to an air pump fitted to the container.
Patent GB-318411-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to "jigger" machines used for dyeing
IPC: D06B3/32
Filed: 1928-10-09
Abstract: 318,411. Dean, J. Oct. 9, 1928. Feeding and registering webs.-In jigger dyeing machines with curved expander bars or rollers, a single expander is arranged to be swung over from one side to the other, and to be turned on its bearings just prior to such swinging, to bring it into its correct position for reversed feed of the fabric. The expander E, Fig. 1, is pivoted in self-centring ball bearings G, Fig. 3, in swinging arms A. The arms A are pivoted at B to the frame B<1> and a lever L is pivoted to the end F of the arms A. Pins F' on the end F cooperate with the lever L or with indents L<1> therein to form a lost-motion connection between the lever L and the arms A. An adjustable weight L<2> maintains an approximately constant tension on the fabric as the amount on the beams O, O<1> varies. When the feed of the fabric is to be reversed, the lever L is swung over to the right, and, during the lost-motion of the lever relatively to the arms A, the expander E is swung round in its bearing by a chain &c. D<1> passing around gears D, D<2> on the expander E and the lever L. At the end of the lost-motion. the arms A swing with the lever to swing the expander across to its position for the reversed feed. The gear D turns the expander shaft E' through slotted extensions A<3> on the gear engaging projections E<2> on the shaft E'. The expander may comprise a rubber-covered roller revolving on bobbins on the shaft E'.
Patent GB-259527-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in piston rings
IPC: F16J9/22
Filed: 1925-11-17
Abstract: 259,527. Madsen, T. Oct. 7, 1925, [Convention date ]. Piston packing.-The side of a packing-ring groove which is exposed to wear is protected by a split or segmental ring, secured by flanges, pins or hooks engaging recesses in the side of the packing- ring groove. In. a double - acting piston, both sides of each groove are protected. A wearing-ring 5a, Fig. 3, may have an inner or middle flange engaging a groove 6<a> in the piston, or may carry pins 7 engaging holes in the piston. A number of packing-rings 3, Fig. 4, may be separated by wearing rings 5<d> engaging undercut flanges on the piston body.
Patent GB-745591-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a device for regulating the delivery of pumps
IPC: F04D15/00
Filed: 1953-10-20
Abstract: 745,591. Fluid-actuated valves. AD STRUVER GES. Oct. 20, 1953 [July 18, 1953], No. 28975/53. Class 135. In a system in which a pump delivers liquid from a tank to a delivery valve a flow-responsive by-pass valve is operable to return liquid to the inlet of the pump when the delivery valve is closed. The by-pass valve consists of a tubular double-beat valve member 14 coacting with seats 17, 18 and guided by ribs 29, 30. The rib 29 is connected by links 31, 32 to a vane 25 which is hinged at 24 and biased by a spring 35 towards a position in which it opens the by-pass valve to permit liquid to pass from the inlet 20 to the by-pass 19 and closes the outlet 21. This position is taken up when the delivery valve is closed. When the delivery valve is opened the vane 25 is urged, firstly by the pressure difference across it and then by the flow of liquid, to its fully open position in which it closes the by-pass. Liquid flows from the inlet to the outlet through the tubular valve member 14.
Patent GB-677817-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in nail files
IPC: A45D29/04
Filed: 1949-11-14
Abstract: 677,817. Nail files. ZIELE, H. L. Nov. 14, 1949 [Dec. 15, 1948], No. 29066/49. Class 81 (ii). A nail file comprises a strip of rectangular crosssection with an abrasive area (or areas) located in a channel (or channels) formed on one (or both) narrow edge (or edges) of the rectangle. As shown the channels 15 accommodate file surfaces 10 which are flanked at each edge by a protective edging strip 11. The file may be of metal or plastic and one or more of the side faces 17 may be treated so as to form file surfaces which may be edged with plain edging strips 11 (not shown). A further embodiment is shown in Fig. 4.
Patent GB-1195195-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Hot Water and Low Pressure Steam Boilers.
IPC: F24H1/28
Filed: 1966-06-29
Abstract: 1,195,195. Return-tube steam or water boilers. H. F. CROSS, [trading as ENERGY EQUIPMENT CO.], and F. F. MATHEWS. 28 June, 1967 [29 June, 1966], No. 29095/66. Heading F4A. In a double return tube shell-type steam or water boiler, with the flue gases from a furnace tube normally flowing through a first set of return tubes 12 to a smoke box 15a and then through a second set of tubes 14 to an outlet chamber 5, a large diameter tube 1 interconnecting the smoke box at the end of combustion chamber 18 and the smoke box 15a can be opened to by-pass the tubes 12. The by-pass 1 is controlled by a damper 6 which is under the control of a thermostat 8 responsive to the temperature in the outlet flue 5, the damper 6 opening when the flue temperature drops below a predetermined value. If the outlet flue temperature drops still further a thermostat 9 opens a damper 7 in a second by-pass 4 bypassing both sets of tubes 12, 14, to supply hot gases direct from the smoke box at the end of combustion chamber 18 to the outlet 5. An external pipe 15 may connect the smoke box 15a to the outlet chamber 5.
Patent GB-898162-A (GB)
Title: Fluid pressure responsive apparatus and servo apparatus therefor
IPC: G05D1/06
Filed: 1959-07-31
Abstract: 898,162. Measuring electrically. GARRETT CORPORATION. July 31, 1959 [Aug. 1, 1958], No. 29124/61. Drawings to Specification. Divided out of 898,160. Class 40 (1). The description is identical with that of Specification 898,160, but the claims are directed to the automatic control of the amplification in the feedback system. Specification 898,161 also is referred to.
Patent GB-1302956-A (GB)
IPC: B42D/
Filed: 1970-06-16
Abstract: 1302956 Multiprogramming TELEFON-AKTIEBOLAGET L M ERICSSON 16 June 1970 [17 June 1969] 29231/70 Heading G4A A computer is programmed to control the implementation of a number of programmes such that each programme is processed recurrently with a time interval dependent on its priority. After a programme has been processed a value is formed by the additive or subtractive combination of the contents of a clock register with a number related to the number of subsequent unit intervals of time during which calling of that programme is to be omitted. The value associated with each of the programmes is compared in priority order with the contents of the clock register in each unit time interval, the appropriate programme being called if the contents of the clock register exceed its value. The clock register is stepped by the pulse generator PG and the new contents transferred to register OP2 in the arithmetic unit AE. The register CA, CB, CC, and CD hold the "values" appropriate to four programmes A, B, C, and D and these values are transferred in priority order via gates G1, G5, G9, and G13, respectively to register OP1 in the arithmetic unit. The contents of OP2 are subtracted from those of OP1 (by means of complementing and adding) and the result stored in register RR. If a "1" is obtained in the most significant position in RR the programme is called, otherwise the data relating to the next programme is processed. If, say, programme A is to be called gate G4 is opened and the start address is transferred from register SARA to decoder AVK. The last instruction of the programme causes a number to be passed to register OP1 where it is added to the value of the clock register (already in OP2) and the result is transferred from RR to CA; the number loaded in OP1 is the number of intervals before the programme is required again minus one. In the case, particularly of a low priority programme, where the next clock pulse occurs before completion of the programme the address at which the interruption occurred is passed via gates G2, G6, G10 and G14 as appropriate from the address register AR to the start address registers SARA &c., and the interrupted programme will be automatically continued during the next time interval, time permitting, since its value, which remains unaltered, is necessarily less than the clock value.
Patent GB-445576-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to conduits and methods of forming the same
IPC: F16L59/15
Filed: 1934-10-12
Abstract: 445,576. Nonconducting coverings, for heat. STEVENS, A. H., 5, QualityCourt, Chancery Lane, London.- (Ric.-Wil Co. ; 1562, Union Trust Building, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.) Oct. 12, 1934, No. 29266. [Class 64 (ii)] [See also Groups X and XXVIII] In a pipe system for the underground transmission of steam or other fluids, the piping is laid in preformed insulated sections which provide also a drainage conduit. A steam pipe 101, Fig. 6, is provided at one end with a welded ferrule 102 to receive the next section. A corrugated metal casing 107 is spaced from the pipe by metal spiders having radially adjustable arms 109, and an inner lining 110 is provided which is flattened at 111 to provide a longitudinal drainage passage 112. The space within the lining is filled with finely divided heat-insulating material 115 retained in place by washers 114, and the corrugations at the bottom of the casing are filled with asphalt or cement 116. The insulated pipe sections are laid upon a line of cradles 118, and are joined by coupling members 119, 120, the annular space being filled with insulating material. A branch pipe 124 may be connected as shown. The space 112 and the base 118 may drain into a sewer below. The pipe is surrounded up to about the level of its centre with stone or gravel, Fig. 15 (not shown), upon which is placed a wide-meshed sheet to prevent infiltration of dirt, and the remainder of the trench is filled with soil. In an alternative method of spacing the casing 107, Fig. 16, a ring 134 is welded to the pipe and is provided with recessed bosses 135 having tubes 136 extending through the liner 110. The pipe is positioned by means of screws 139 passing through arcuate shoes 137. In a modification, Fig. 10, the lining with its insulating filling is replaced by a solid block of insulating material 215 having a drainage recess 211. In another modification, Figs. 11 and 12 (not shown), a plain casing is used with a corrugated liner, the casing having a longitudinal depression at the bottom for drainage, and in Fig. 13 (not shown), the casing is plain and circular, and the lining plain but with a flattened bottom portion and lugs to space it from the casing. In Fig. 18, an expansion joint 605 for the steam pipe may replace the ferrule 102 of Fig. 6. In Fig.14, a solid insulating block 515 with spacing lugs 511 is used.
Patent GB-1008769-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for checking the pitch of uniformly spaced visible effects in the course of being formed in a travelling strip or web
IPC: D03J1/20
Filed: 1962-07-31
Abstract: 1,008,769. Optical stroboscopic apparatus. E. A. TIMSON. July 30, 1963 [July 31, 1962], No. 29286/62. Heading G2J. Spaced holes h, printed spots or other visible effects in or on a strip or web W are checked as to uniformity of spacing whilst the strip or web is moving. As shown a source l 1  of red light is spaced a distance from a source l 2 , emitting green light, equal to the pitch p, or a multiple thereof, of the holes h, the sources l 1 , l 2  being flashed on and off,electrically or by mechanical shutters, synchronously with the passage of successive holes h past the sources l 1 l 2 . The images I of the holes are reflected by mirrors m 1 -m 4  and focussed by lens L on a ground glass screen GS so that when the holes h are correctly spaced the images exactly overlap and a yellow spot is seen, but when the spacing is incorrect the yellow spot has side edges of red and green the extent and disposition of such colouration showing the magnitude of the inaccuracy and whether the spacing is greater or less than desired. The tensioning of the web W, as it passes through a machine in which the holes are punched, may be varied to bring the spacing p back to the required value. The mirrors m 1 -m 4  may be in the form of prisms, the visible effects sensed by the apparatus may be ones, e.g. holes, specially positioned on the web for the purpose and associated with the visible effects whose pitch is to be checked and photo-electric means may be used to detect any lack of coincidence of the images I.