Patent GB-651655-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to compositions particularly adapted for horticultural spray use
IPC: A01N61/02
Filed: 1948-04-08
Abstract: Polymeric organic polysulphides are prepared by condensing in an aqueous medium a water-soluble polysulphide such as sodium, potassium or calcium polysulphide having from two ro five or more sulphur atoms per molecule with paraformaldehyde or substances of the type (1) <FORM:0651655/IV (a)/1> ; or (2) <FORM:0651655/IV (a)/2> ; where X and X1 represent substituents (e.g. halogen, acid sulphate, nitrate, acid phosphate, bicarbonate, formate, acetate, propionate, laurate and oleate) which split off during the condensation reaction.  In the case of (2) the intervening structure between the pair of reactive carbon atoms may be a saturated straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical, an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, an ether linkage, a thioether linkage and an aromatic hydrocarbon linkage. Specified organic compounds which may be reacted with the inorganic polysulphides are ethylene dichloride, ethylene dibromide, propylene dichloride, propylene dibromide, dihalides of unsaturated hydrocarbon gases derived from pressure-cracking processes and gas cracking, sulphur dichloride reaction products of such unsaturated hydrocarbon gases, a ,a 1-disubstituted ethyl ethers (CH3CHX-O-CHX1CH3), b ,b 1-disubstituted ethyl ethers (XCH2CH2-O-CH2CH2X1), disubstituted methyl ethers (XCH2-O-CH2X1), disubstituted ethoxy ethyl ethers (XC2H4OC2H4 -O-C2H4X1); disubstituted thiomethyl ethers (XCH2SCH2X1); disubstituted 1,3-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl propanes; disubstituted dipropyl formals (XC3H6-O-CH2OC3H6X1) disubstituted diethyl formals (XC2H6OCH2OC2H6X1); disubstituted p-diethoxy-benzenes <FORM:0651655/IV (a)/3> disubstituted dimethoxy ethanes; disubstituted diethyl carbonates <FORM:0651655/IV (a)/4> ; disubstituted glycol diacetates <FORM:0651655/IV (a)/5> p,p1-disubstituted diphenyl ethers <FORM:0651655/IV (a)/6> p,p1-disubstituted dibenzyl ethers <FORM:0651655/IV (a)/7> disubstituted diethyl sulphones (XCH2CH2 SO2CH2CH2X1); A,A1 - disubstituted propyl ethers <FORM:0651655/IV (a)/8> p - disubstituted benzenes; p - disubstituted xylenes; p,p1-disubstituted dibenzyls. Organic compounds having more than two reactive substituents, e.g. 1,1,2-trichlorethane; 1,2,4-trichlorbutane; 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane; trichlormesitylene and 2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane may also be used. In the examples, the organic compound is added to an aqueous solution of the inorganic polysulphide in the presence of a dispersing agent such as sodium lignin sulphonate.  Horticultural spray compositions are obtained by mixing the polymers with mineral oils (kerosene, summer oils, coal tar oils, vegetable oils, e.g. castor, sesame, linseed, olive, rape, palm or corn oils, fish oils, wool grease, lard, neatsfoot oil, preferably with the addition of insecticides, e.g. lead arsenate and nicotine sulphate.  Specification 623,996 is referred to.ALSO:A pesticidal composition comprises an insecticidal or fungicidal oil or oily material and a polymeric organic polysulphide, which may be in the form of an aqueous dispersion capable of forming a microscopic, translucent, discontinuous rubber film on drying.  Suitable oils or oily materials are petroleum oils such as kerosenes, light and medium summer oils (40 to 85 secs Salbolt at 100 DEG F.), vegetable oils such as castor, sesame, cotton-seed, linseed, olive, rape, hempseed, coconut, soyabean, palm and corn oils; fish oils such as cod, herring, menhaden and sardine oils; animal fats and oils such as wool grease, lard and neatsfoot oils; the fatty acids of the aforesaid animal and vegetable oils and fats; and coal tar distillates containing not more than 10 per cent tar acids.  The aqueous dispersions may be prepared by condensing the components from which the polymeric organic polysulphide is to be prepared in the presence of an aqueous solution of a salt stable dispersing agent such as lignin sulphonates, alkyl benzene sulphonates having more than 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, aryl alkyl sulphonates, sorbitan monolaurate and casein; sodium, potassium or calcium lignin sulphonate being preferred.  Nicotine sulphate, lead arsenate and hydrated lime, rotenone, pyrethrin and other insecticides may be incorporated in the compositions.  The polymeric organic polysulphides are prepared by condensing a water-soluble polysulphide such as sodium, potassium or calcium polysulphide having from two to five or more sulphate atoms per molecule with formaldehyde or substances of the type <FORM:0651655/VI/1> or <FORM:0651655/VI/2> , where X and X1 represent substituents (halogen, acid sulphate, nitrate, bicarbonate, formate, acetate, propionate and others) which split off during the condensation reaction.  Many examples of this type of compound are given (see Group IVa), the preparation of which is illustrated by polymethylene polysulphide, polyethylene polysulphide and a polysulphide formed from b b 1 dichlorodiethylether.  Specification 623,996 is referred to.