Patent EA-000845-B1 (EA)
Title: Industrial utilization of garbage with effective recycling and with optimisation in energy production
Inventor: VALKANAS GEORGE G
IPC: C05F17/00
Filed: 1996-12-17
Abstract: 1. Method of utilisation of garbages with effective recycling and with energy production, comprising separation of written paper in the entrance of the garbages, cutting the garbages and water flotation to separate light floating products and further separation of precipitating heavy products and composting, characterized in that after cutting the garbages to 3-5 cm and further moving and cleaning the organic mass suspended on the moving water introducing it to hydrolysis at at pH 9,5-10 and at 80-l00 degree C advancing it to biodegradability , subjecting said organic mass to anaerobic digestionin the thermophilic region and producing biogas and and sludge, collecting the sludgeand subjectingit to aerobic co-composting at 60 degree C, thus producing mixed fertilsers, humic-chemical-organic, of high value. 2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the separation of written paper is adopted on the incoming garbages mechanically or manually very effectively to collect the 60-80% of paper in the garbages and is processed to produce deinked pulp and at mild pulping conditions chemical pulp. 3. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the collected floating parts in the water flotation treatment (used paper, polymers, woody mass) are pulped with 4% lime at temperature 80-100 degree C to separate the polymers after screening and the cellulocics being pulped. 4. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the collected precipitated parts in the water flotation treatment (metals, glass and inerts) are taken out, washed magnetically, the iron metals are separated, then pulverised and subjected again to magnetic separation to collect all the iron metals and the rest is heated up to 600 degree C where the soft metals coagulate and the whole is taken into water to effectively separate the coagulated metal mass and the glass in high purity. 5. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that is added a prehydrolysis treatment before the anaerobic digestion at pH 9,5 to 10 and at temperature 80-90 degree C where are also directed the alcaline wastewaters of the paper pulping for improving the bioconvertion of contained lignocellulosics. 6. Method according to claim 5 characterized in that the prehydrolysis uses lime as alcaline reagent and is of retention time 10 to 12 hrs and the result in anaerobic digestion is an increase from 50-55 garbage bioconvertion to almost 80% biodegradation. 7. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the wastewaters resulting from the anaerobic digestion are airstripped to collect ammonia, decanted to collect suspended matter and ionexchanged in special resins swelling in water up to 300 times to become entirely free of toxic metals. 8. Method according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the anaerobic digested sludge is subjected to aerobic co composting treatment at thermophilic conditions 58 62 degree C after which with destruction of organic toxicities and by aeration with the ammonia containing air from the airstripping and after addition of other needed elements fertilisers are obtained of type humic-chemical-organic of high value and biogas. 9. Method according to all claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the biogas in high volumes and fuel value is utilised to produce electric energy in combined cycle installations so that the garbages are utilised to give high values and nothing to reject.