baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-205889-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rectifying commutators for charging accumulators by alternating current
IPC: H02M1/22
Filed: 1922-07-26
Abstract: 205,889. Bregi, J. H. July 26, 1922. Commutator switch-arrangements. - The conducting portion 1 of a rectifying commutator has substantially the shape of a sinusoidal curve representing the voltage of the alternating current to be rectified, or has the outline of a polygon inscribed in the said curve. In the arrangement shown, the commutator is mounted on the shaft of a synchronous motor 3. and the conducting portion 1 co-operates with an adjustable brush 5 through which rectified current is supplied to a battery 8. In a modified arrangement both halfwaves of the alternating current are utilized, the commutator being provided with two conducting portions, the teeth of which alternate and engage separate brushes. By adjusting the brushes, any desired portion of the alternating-current wave may be rectified. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 19729/92 and 4953/14.
Patent GB-364613-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of titanium compounds
IPC: C01G23/00
Filed: 1930-07-05
Abstract: Basic titanium sulphate containing 0,5-0,25 mols. SO3 to 1 mol. TiO2 is obtained by precipitating a solution containing titanium sulphate under controlled but incomplete neutralization together with dilution in the cold or at temperatures below 50 DEG  C.  Iron if present is preferably in the ferrous state.  The product is readily filterable and washable, relatively pure, and insoluble in water but readily soluble in acids.  Neutralization may be effected by alkali; ammonium or magnesium carbonate, bicarbonate or hydroxide; calcium or barium hydroxide; or an alkaline-earth carbonate such as calcium carbonate whereby if the precipitated alkaline-earth sulphate is not removed from the solution, composite products suited for use as pigments, are obtained.  Partial neutralization by calcium carbonate followed by dilution and continued neutralization with alkali carbonate is a preferred means of precipitation.  An alkaline-earth chloride such as calcium chloride may be added to the solution to remove some sulphate radical; or the solution treated may be a titanic chloride solution to which has been added sulphuric acid or a soluble sulphate to provide 0,45 mols. SO3 to each mol. TiO2; or the sulphate solution treated may contain a chloride such as sodium chloride.  A concentrated solution may be first neutralized and then diluted to effect precipitation or vice versa; and to obtain a pure product conditions may be so controlled that the titanium is incompletely precipitated; or precipitation may be effected in stages.  The product may be washed with very dilute acid and dried.  It is readily soluble in sulphuric, hydrochloric, nitric, or oxalic acid, and by treatment thereof with alkali titanic hydroxide is obtained.  A more basic insoluble sulphate may be obtained therefrom by suspending in boiling water.  According to the Provisional Specification, chromium present in titanium sulphate solutions may be oxidized to CrO3 by lead peroxide, manganese dioxide, or permanganates.  After precipitation, chromium may be removed from the precipitate by alkali, and ferric iron by dillute acid in the presence of a reducing agent.  If the oxidized solution is treated with excess alkali, the chromium remains in solution, and titanic hydroxide is precipitated together with ferric and aluminium hydroxides, the latter being separated by resolution and precipitation of the titanium as basic sulphate.
Patent GB-855761-A (GB)
Title: Ethylene-ª-butene copolymers
IPC: C08F4/64
Filed: 1959-06-15
Abstract: Copolymers of ethylene and butene-1 are made by contacting ethylene in an inert hydrocarbon solvent medium in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a titanium ester, a titanium halide and an aluminium trialkyl whereby dimerization of the ethylene to form butene-1 occurs simultaneously with the copolymerization of the ethylene and the dimer.  The titanium ester may be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, or amyl titanate, or cyclohexyl or methylcyclohexyl titanate.  The titanium halide may be titanium trichloride, titanium tetrachloride, titanium tribromide, or titanium tetrabromide. The aluminium trialkyl may be the triethyl or tributyl. The copolymers may be used as insulation sheaths for electrical conductors.  Specification 578,584 is referred to.ALSO:A polymerization catalyst consists of a titanium ester, a titanium halide, and an aluminium trialkyl.  The titanium ester may be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, amyl, cyclohexyl, or methylcyclohexyl titanate.  The titanium halide may be the trichloride, tribromide, tetrachloride or tetrabromide.  The aluminium trialkyl is preferably the triethyl or tributyl.
Patent GB-711909-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the heating or heating and ventilation of motor road vehicles
IPC: B60H1/00
Filed: 1951-05-28
Abstract: 711,909. Mounting radiators. NALLINGER, F. May 28, 1951 [Oct. 1, 1948; Oct. 1, 1948], No. 20504/51. Divided out of 711,906 [Group XIII]. Drawings to Specification. Class 79(3) [Also in Groups X and XIII] In a system (see Group XIII) using air, warmed by engine coolant, for warming a vehicle body, a radiator or several radiators are arranged beside or above the engine and mounted together with or on the engine.
Patent GB-898307-A (GB)
Title: A method of preparing disubstituted chlorinated benzene derivatives
IPC: C07C17/12
Filed: 1959-06-15
Abstract: Para-chlorinated benzene derivatives, in particular, p-dichlorobenzene and p-chlorotoluene, are prepared by passing gaseous chlorine into-the compound-to-be-chlorinated in the liquid state, the chlorination being carried out in the presence of a chlorination catalyst dissolved or dispersed in the liquid and in the presence of a "para orientation catalyst", such as a mixture of sulphuric acid, a sulphonic acid and a small proportion of water, which is capable of constituting a separate phase.  After chlorination the mixture is allowed to separate into two liquid layers, and the appropriate layer is worked up to separate the desired para-chlorinated derivative from the isomers and from higher chlorinated products.  Suitable chlorination-catalysts are: antimony sulphide, chloride or chloro-sulphide, and ferric acid. In an example, antimony trichloride and sulphur are dissolved in dry benzene; and chlorine is passed into the solution, with stirring, for 45 minutes.  A mixture of sulphuric acid, benzene sulphonic acid and water is then added; and the stirring and addition of chlorine are continued, while the temperature is maintained at about 20 DEG C. The temperature is then allowed to rise to 50 DEG C. to prevent p-dichlorobenzene from crystallizing out: and the two liquid layers are decanted.  The chlorobenzene layer is washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, neutralized, dried and distilled.  The product contains over 90% dichlorobenzene in which the para : ortho ratio is 5 to 6.5.  The product also contains 5% to 10% of monochlorobenzene, and only 0.2% of higher chlorinated derivatives.  Another example relates to the production of ortho- and para-chlorotoluene from toluene.  In other examples, toluene sulphonic acid, p-chlorobenzene sulphonic acid, and a mixture of benzene and dodecylbenzene sulphonic acids, are used, together with sulphuric acid and water, as "orientation catalysts".
Patent GB-404372-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to processes for impregnating insulating materials of devices intended for electrical purposes
IPC: H01B13/30
Filed: 1932-07-21
Abstract: 404,372. Impregnating compositions for electric insulation. SOC. ITALIANA PIRELLI, and EMANUELI, L., 21, Via Fabio Filzi, Milan, Italy. July 21, 1932, No. 20607. [Class 140.] A high degree of impregnation of insulating- materials of electrical devices such as high tension cables provided with means for controlling the hydrostatic pressure of the impregnating fluid is effected by using a fluid comprising organic substances having an unsaturated or aromatic group and subsequently subjecting the impregnated material to electrical stress. Suitable organic substances are unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons or their substitution products, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, naphthalene and anthracene and their homologues or substitution products or products of partial hydrogenation, and petroleum or tar products having a degree of chemical unsaturation or an aromatic hydrocarbon content. These substances may beused alone, or a small proportion, e.g. 2 per cent added to the insulating oils usually employed. The electrical stress is preferably of the same order as that resulting from the normal working voltage of the electrical device, and may conveniently bo the voltage, applied at the time of putting the device into service.
Patent GB-634526-A (GB)
Title: Process and installation for extraction and treatment of fatty vegetable substances
IPC: C11B1/10
Filed: 1947-07-30
Abstract: Fatty oils are extracted from vegetable materials by subjecting them to supersonic vibrations so as to facilitate the extraction and increase the yield.  The vegetable material is finely-comminuted and the treatment may be effected in the presence of a fat solvent or other liquid mixed with the mass to produce a flowable <PICT:0634526/III/1> mixture.  The liquids specified comprise chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulphide, hydrocarbons, water and salt solutions, the last being preferably of high pH so as to promote emulsification.  The comminuted mass mixed or not with a liquid, may be preliminarily treated to increase the gaseous content of the cells which facilitates the subsequent extraction of the oil either by saturation of the material by gases under pressure such as air, nitrogen, hydrogen or carbon dioxide, or by subjecting the mass to partial fermentation.  The mass is then treated with the supersonic vibrations which create a molecular disturbance in the cells and burst them, aided by the internal pressure of the contained gases. The frequency of the vibrations may range from 104 to 5 X 106 cycles per second and the period of treatment may vary from a few seconds to a few minutes.  The oil is obtained as an emulsion mixed with cellular debris which latter may be removed by filtering, centrifuging, &c.  The emulsion may be used as such, e.g. in certain chemical reactions, or it may be broken down to free the oil, such as by solvent extraction, volatization, centrifuging, by adjusting its pH, or by subjecting it to supersonic vibrations of lower frequency. In a suitable plant for effecting the process, the vegetable material is comminuted in a crusher A together with any additions such as a fat solvent, passed through a preliminary treatment vessel B or byepassed through a pipe 2, and then fed into the apparatus c where it is subjected to the supersonic vibrations, the resulting mass finally flowing to a filter D.  The apparatus c may comprise a tube provided with quartz windows 3 which are excited by condensers receiving a high-frequency alternating current.  In a modification, a pair of tubes may be used having a common quartz window.  The opposite or successive quartz windows may be slightly inclined in relation to each other.
Patent GB-712875-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of aminoacetal
Filed: 1952-08-18
Abstract: Amino-acetal (C2H5O)2.CH.CH2.NH2 is prepared by reacting vinyl ethyl ether with ethyl nitrite, optionally in the presence of a catalyst, particularly boron trifluoride, and thereafter reducing the nitroso - acetal obtained.  In examples: (1) vinyl ethyl ether is added to cooled ethyl nitrite containing boron trifluoride etherate, the catalyst removed with potassium fluoride and the nitroso-acetal obtained is hydrogenated using Raney nickel catalyst to yield amino-acetal; (2) the nitroso-acetal as in (1) is reduced with zinc powder in acetic acid to amino-acetal.
Patent GB-762865-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to direct current amplifiers
IPC: H03F3/36
Filed: 1953-07-27
Abstract: 762,865. Electric tests. TINSLEY (INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTS), Ltd., STEGHART, F. L. F., and KERSHAW, P. L. July 20, 1954 [July 27, 1953], No. 20837/53. Class 37. [Also in Groups XL (b) and XL (c)] A direct-current amplifier is damped by negative feedback applied between output and input, via a transformer. According as the amplifier output and input are of the current or voltage type, the primary and secondary windings of the transformer are connected in series or parallel with the output and input terminals respectively of the amplifiers, Figs. 2-13 (not shown). The time of rise may be controlled by means of a tertiary winding which is either short-circuited or connected to a variable resistor, Figs. 4, 5 (not shown). The degree of feedback may be adjusted by means of variable resistors in series or shunt with primary or secondary winding, Figs. 6-11 (not shown), by means of taps on either winding, Fig. 12 (not shown) or by adjusting the coupling between windings, Fig. 11 (not shown). In an embodiment, Fig. 1, comprising a polarograph an electrolytic cell 1 is polarized from a battery 3 via a potential divider 2, the brush of which is driven by motor 6. The current through the cell 1 deflects the mirror of a galvanometer 9 which reflects light from source 11 on to a photocell 15. The photo-cell in conjunction with condenser 18 controls the phase and amplitude of an A.C. voltage applied to the grid of a thyratron 17, to the anode of which A.C. is also applied. The direct current produced by rectification in the thyratron is related to the illumination of the cell and is smoothed by a filter network 21-23 and applied to a D.C. recorder 24. It also passes through a feedback resistor 26 to produce a current through galvanometer 9 in opposition to the current through the cell 1. The sytem is damped by passing the rectified current through the primary of a transformer 8, the secondary of which is in series with the galvanometer 9; the degree of feedback is controlled by taps on the transformer secondary, while a tertiary winding shunted by a variable resistor 29 controls the time of rise.
Patent GB-136611-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Motor Driven Vehicles.
Inventor: BAMFORD JOSEPH
IPC: B60G9/02
Filed: 1918-12-14
Abstract: 136,611. Bamford, J., and Bamford, C. J. Dec. 14, 1918. Axles and axle structures; radiusrods. - Relates to the mounting and springing of the steering-wheel axle of a motor-vehicle. As adapted to a frameless tractor, the motor casing A has a boss 3 surrounding the crankshaft 2, the boss carrying a rotatable sleeve 4 to which is secured the transverse spring 12. The ends of the spring are connected by links 13 to brackets B<1> secured to the ends of the axle 1 and upwardly projecting therefrom, so that the stub-axle pivots 22 pass through holes in the upper part of the brackets and in the axle-ends. Radius-rods 24 are secured to the lower part of the brackets and to a ball or like joint attached to the motor casing. The spring 12 may be replaced by a downward extension 35 of the sleeve. When applied to a framed vehicle, lateral extensions from the sleeve are secured to the side frame members. The boss of the motor casing may be eccentric to the axis of the crank-shaft.
Patent GB-471628-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to air space insulated communication electric cables
IPC: H01B11/18
Filed: 1936-07-28
Abstract: 471,628. Cables. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.-GES. July 28, 1936, No. 20897. Convention date, Aug. 13, 1935. Addition to 358,407. [Class 36] A submarine cable of the air-space insulation type having a single line consisting either of coaxial conductors, Fig. 1, or a screened pair or spiral quad, Fig. 2, is provided with a pressure protecting tube 12 formed of one or more helically wound bands of a polyvinyl compound or compounds, preferably polystyrol, under the outer conductor 13 or the screen 26. The outer conductor or screen may be surrounded by a band winding 14, a watertight sheath 15, and armouring wires 17, the wires 17 being embedded in jute layers 16, 18. As shown in Fig. 1, the tube 12 comprises a number of interengaging bands and the central conductor 10 is supported within the tube by insulating spacers 11. The pressure protecting tube shown in Fig. 2 is formed of a single band of Z-shape cross-section and houses conductors 20, 21 which are individually wound with insulating helices 22 and enclosed in insulating sheaths 23. Helical fillers 24 are arranged in the spaces between the sheaths 23 and the tube 12.
Patent GB-1340108-A (GB)
Title: Spectral sensitization of photographic light-sensitive emulsions
IPC: C09B23/04
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1340108 Photoconductive composition FUJI PHOTO FILM CO Ltd 19 April 1971 [30 Jan 1970] 20946/71 Heading H1K [Also in Division G2] A method of spectrally sensitizing a photographic light-sensitive emulsion, which may comprise titanium dioxide, zinc oxide or cadmium sulphide dispersed in a hydrophilic colloid, comprises dissolving a methine sensitizing or desensitizing dye, in which dye at least one water-soluble group is substituted, in an organic solvent having a water-solubility of 10% by weight or less at 35‹ C., dispersing the solution in water or in an aqueous solution containing not more than 2% by weight of a hydrophilic colloid and subsequently adding the dispersion to a light-sensitive emulsion. The watersoluble group may be a carboxyl, sulpho, sulphate or phosphate group. The organic solvent may be methylphenyl carbinol, 2- pentanol, diisobutyl carbinol, mesityl oxide, methyl isobutyl ketone, isopropyl acetate, 2- ethoxyethanol acetate, 2-phenoxyethanol or a mixture thereof.
Patent GB-610015-A (GB)
Title: Latch
IPC: E05B65/00
Filed: 1944-10-27
Abstract: 610,015. Fastenings. PHILCO CORPORATION. Oct. 27, 1944, No. 20961. Convention date, Oct. 27, 1943. [Class 44] A pivoted latch for a refrigerator door is moved to the engaging position, by a toggle mechanism or the equivalent, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the movement of the door, so that the door is held tightly closed; means are provided to hold the latch retracted until a trigger is operated by engagement with the keeper to release it for engagement under spring pressure. In the form shown, the latch member comprises a pair of Z-shaped plates 38 pivoted at 40 to a pair of casing members 32 and carrying a roller 41 for engagement with the keeper 29; the casing members are fixed between the inner and outer plates forming the door. Links 51, 53, forming a toggle, are pivoted to the latch member and casing members respectively, and are connected by their common pins 50 to a member 61 which has slot engagement with the pivot pin 40 and carries a spring 65 which acts to straighten the toggle to move the latch to the engaging position; the latch is retracted by a tail 63 of the pivoted handle 20 engaging a lug on the member 61. Pivoted at 80 on the latch member is a spring-pressed member 81 which engages a lug 83 on the casing member 32, as shown, to hold the latch disengaged until the member 81 is moved by engagement with the keeper 29 when the door closes; the movement of the released latch 38 about its pivot 40 under the action of the spring 65 and toggle 51, 53, combined with the final closing movement of the door carries the roller 41 into engagement with the keeper 29 in a direction substantially parallel to the plane of the door, so that the spring exerts considerable force to press the door tightly closed and any tendency to open is prevented by the straightened toggle linkage. In a modification, Fig. 6 (not shown), the toggle link 53 is replaced by an arcuate slot guiding the pin 50 with the same effect. A cover-plate 26 encloses the pivot and fixing means of the handle, and is secured by its edges engaging beneath the edges of the pivot-carrying plate. Striker-plates.-The keeper 29 is mounted so as to be adjustable perpendicular to the plane of the door.
Patent GB-1293564-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to chairs
Inventor: LESSER HANS
IPC: A47C3/18
Filed: 1969-04-24
Abstract: 1293564 Seats H LESSER 17 Nov 1969 [24 April 1969] 20991/69 Headings A4J and A4H] A chair comprises a stand 11 on which a seat 12 constructed from a plurality of inter-connecting PVC coated wires is rotatably mounted, the seat and stand being separate units and the shape of the seat being such that a number of seat units 12 may be nested together. The seat is rotatably mounted on the stand through a spigot and socket connection between a cross-shaped frame welded to the seat and the upper end of a tubular shaft 28. The spigot 22 is welded to one face of a disc 18, the other face of which is welded to the frame. A nylon sleeve rotatable on the spigot is retained by a cap 26. All external parts of the chair may have a protective coating of plastics.
Patent GB-867281-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to deflection systems for cathode ray tubes
IPC: H03K6/04
Filed: 1958-07-01
Abstract: 867,281. Sawtooth generating circuits. PHILCO CORPORATION. July 1, 1958 [July 1, 1957], No. 21035/58. Class 40(6) A deflection system for a cathode-ray tube comprises deflection coils shunted by a damper tube means for introducing a first resistance in series with said deflection coils and for introducing a second resistance in series with said damper tube, means for producing a sawtooth voltage across said second resistance which is opposite in polarity to the voltage produced across said first resistance by deflection current and means for differentially varying said first and second resistances. A circuit is described in which the linearity is controlled by a potentiometer 18 in series with the deflection coils 13. The left-hand side of the potentiometer is fed with a compensating voltage capable of increasing the sweep velocity during the latter part of the sweep, so that movement of the slider to the left reduces the velocity during the latter part of the sweep by increasing series resistance, whilst movement to the right increases the velocity during the latter part of the sweep by reducing series resistance and increasing the sweep compensating voltage. The compensating voltage is provided by feeding pulses 20 derived from winding 21 through an integrating inductor 22 to the left-hand side of the potentiometer 18. The invention may be used to adjust the linearity to agree with the non-uniform arrangement of coloured stripes on a cathode-ray tube of the type described in Specification 802,908 [Group XL(a)]. The linearity adjustment does not affect the scan amplitude.
Patent GB-1503682-A (GB)
Title: Food coating process and apparatus
IPC: A23G3/26
Filed: 1975-05-16
Abstract: 1503682 Nozzle for spray coating food MEIJA SEIKA KAISHA Ltd 16 May 1975 21035/75 Heading A2A Molten droplets of cooked candy, at 100- 200‹C, 1-2mm size and 1.5-4.5% moisture, are sprayed onto food pieces in a rotating drum using a nozzle comprising an inner passage 4, 5 through which the candy passes and an outer passage 10 for compressed air. The pipe for transporting candy may be heated.