baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1247027-A (GB)
Title: Method for reducing graphite anode consumption in electrolytic cells
IPC: C25B1/46
Filed: 1968-11-19
Abstract: 1,247,027. Electrolytically producing chlorine. HOOKER CHEMICAL CORP. Nov. 19, 1968 [Dec. 4, 1967], No. 54900/68. Heading C7B. To reduce graphite consumption in the electrolytic production of chlorine using a graphite anode in the anode compartment of a diaphragm cell, the anolyte containing alkali metal chloride also includes a nitrogen-free organic compound which oxidizes at the anode preferentially to graphite. The organic compound is a hydrocarbon substituted by at least one of the groups -OH, -COOH, -CHO, -COCl, -C(O)R where R is C, to C 4  alkyl, alkoxy, or a hydroxy derivative thereof, chlorine or a carboxylic anhydride group. Typically the alkali metal halide is sodium chloride present in the anolyte in a concentration of 300 to 320 g/l and the organic compound which preferably is one or more of molasses, sucrose, paraformaldehyde, glycerol, ethylene glycol and formic acid is in a concentration of 0À05 to 2À2 g/l. Further examples of other suitable organic compounds of the kind mentioned above are mentioned.
Patent GB-1279813-A (GB)
Title: Light metal-metal halide organic electrolyte cell
IPC: H01M10/05
Filed: 1969-11-12
Abstract: 1279813 Light metal-metal halide organic electrolyte cell P R MALLORY & CO Inc 12 Nov 1969 [13 Nov 1968] 55429/69 Heading H1B A cell comprises a light metal anode, e.g. of Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Al or Be, a cathode, the active material of which is a halide of Cu, Pb, Hg, Fe, Co, Ni, Ag, Au or Cd, an organic electrolyte which comprises an organic solvent such as propylene carbonate, dimethylformamide, gamma-butyrolactone, dimethylsulphoxide, dimethylcarbonate, acetonitrile or tetrahydrofuran containing a metallic salt, and a micro-porous permselective barrier means comprising an ion-exchange membrane separating the cathode and the electrolyte. The metallic salt is preferably the perchlorate, tetrachloroaluminate, hexafluorophosphate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluoroarsenate, hexafluoroantimonate or chloride of Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Al or Be. The ion-exchange membrane may be cationic, anionic or amphoteric depending upon the ionic species whose migration in the cell is to be inhibited. Such membranes may comprise a cross-linked polystyrene polymer which is sulphonated or carboxylated or aminated. In the cell shown, in which the electrolyte is LiAlCl 4  in propylene carbonate, the migration of soluble chlorocuprate complexes from the cupric chloride cathode 14 to the lithium anode 12 is inhibited by the cationic ion-exchange membrane 18. The insoluble polymer molecules R of the membrane are sulphonated. The membrane also incorporates a concentration of the counter cation Li<SP>+</SP> which is greater than the concentration of Li<SP>+</SP> cations in the cell electrolyte.
Patent GB-1364660-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing electrical interconnection patterns
IPC: C23F1/02
Filed: 1971-12-02
Abstract: 1364660 Etching of an aluminium layer STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd 2 Dec 1971 55963/71 Heading C7B [Also in Division B6] In a method of producing a printed circuit from an Al layer on a substrate, e.g. from an Al coated slice of Si, the layer is electrically connected with a conductor of a material less electro-positive than Al and is etched, when suitably masked, with at least a part of the conductor immersed in the etching solution. The coated Si slices may have integrated circuits thereon or be plain oxidized Si slices. They may be held in phosphoric acid etch by stainless steel tweezers connected via an ammeter to a Pt electrode in the etch. Alternatively they may be clamped in Pt or Au wire or held in Au plated tweezers submerged in the.etch.
Patent GB-1495566-A (GB)
Title: Readout apparatus for frequency or periodanalogue measuring signals
IPC: G01R23/10
Filed: 1974-12-31
Abstract: 1495566 Counting apparatus PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 31 Dec 1974 [4 Jan 1974] 56157/74 Heading G4D In measuring systems, of the kind comprising a transducer delivering pulses at a rate related to the value of a variable and a counter responsive to the pulses to reach, at the end of a measuring period, a count forming a direct readout of the said value, a reversible counter is used which at the start of the measuring period is preset to a count Z 1  representing a given value of the variable and is then caused to count up during a first period a number of pulses dependant on the value sensed by the transducer and to count down during a second period a number of pulses dependant on the given value. In a first embodiment (Fig. 1), in which the output frequency f m  of the transducer is directly proportional to the value sensed, the reversible counter C has the transducer pulses applied to its up input and pulses from an oscillator 0 to its down input (the frequency fr of the oscillator having previously been set equal to f M  when the transducer senses a value equal to Z 1 ). The pulses are applied concurrently, overlapping pulses being eliminated by a synchronizing circuit S, and for equal periods controlled by gates Gu, Gd enabled by a control counter CT which counts down by clock pulses fc from a preset value Z 2 . The value Z 2 , and therefore the length of the counting period, is set previously to ensure that counter C reaches the correct value when a second given value is sensed, i.e. the scale is correct. The control counter CT also controls gates Gz and G D  to preset the counter C at the start and read it out to a display D at the end of the period. A second embodiment (Fig. 3, not shown) employs the same components but with the inputs f M , f r , f c  differently applied and the gates G u , Gd differently enabled. In this embodiment the output frequency of the transducer is indirectly proportional to the value sensed. The counter C counts clock pulses fc up for the first period and down for the second period, consecutively. The two periods are made proportional to f M  and f r  by causing control counter CT to count transducer pulses to determine the first period and to count the same number of oscillator pulses f r  to determine the second period, the number of pulses being adjusted to obtain the correct scale. In a modification counter CT is replaced by two separate counters counting f M  and f r  respectively so the up and down counts again proceed concurrently. A modification is described (Fig. 6, not shown) for dealing with measured values less than the first given value simply involving automatically reversing the connections to the updown inputs of the counter. Where the up/down counts are performed consecutively and a large capacity counter is employed only the lower order stages need be read by the display (Fig. 5, not shown).
Patent GB-1219530-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ultrasonic delay lines and methods of and apparatus for manufacturing the same
IPC: H03H9/36
Filed: 1969-11-17
Abstract: 1,219,530. Electromechanical delay lines. THOMSON-CSF. 17 Nov., 1969 [20 Nov., 1968], No. 56232/69. Heading H3U. A method of manufacturing a plurality of strip delay lines comprises the steps of: forming a stack of strips of a material through which ultrasonic waves may be propagated; grinding surfaces of the stack to form input and surfaces on the strips; securing plated pieces of piezoelectric material to the ground surfaces of the stack; and separating the delay lines from each other by forming slots in the said pieces at positions situated between the strips. One embodiment of an individual delay line, Figs. 1a 1b, comprises a steel-nickel alloy strip 1 having a thickness less than one half of the wavelength of the signal to be propagated, the ends of the strip having piezo-electric bars 2 soldered thereto, the length h of the bars being less than the width I of the strip. The bars 2, polarized to operate in the shear mode, are plated with an electrode along the long edge in contact with the end of the strip and also along the opposite outward facing edge, leads 12, 13 making connection with the electrodes. The long edges of the strip 1 have absorptive tapes 3 applied thereto. In another embodiment, Fig. 2, the strip 8 has a dihedral edge supporting transducers 9 and the opposite edge 11 acts as a reflector, the other edges of the strip having absorptive tapes 10. In the manufacturing method, Fig. 4, a plurality of steel strips 21 separated by spacers 22 are temporarily clamped together to form a stack and those faces of the stack to which the piezo-electric plates 26 are to be soldered, are trimmed by grinding. Fig. 4 shows a single plate 26 having metallized opposite faces 25, 27, the face 27 being secured by a solder joint 28 to a ground face of the stack. The face 25 has an electrical connection in the form of a foil 24 and another foil 23 is soldered to the strips 21. The individual delay lines are produced by a frame saw having cutter wires 29 which saw into the spaces formed by the spacers 22. In a modification (Fig. 5, not shown), the cutter wires 29 are replaced by diamond cutter disc. The steel strips are dimensioned to have a delay time slightly less than the desired value, the final value being achieved by mechanically deforming the strips over a localized area by a hammering operation (Fig. 6, not shown), by a rolling operation (Fig. 7, not shown) or by a stretching operation (Fig. 8, not shown). The delay line strip 59 may be subsequently bent into the shapes shown in Figs. 9, 10.
Patent GB-1410348-A (GB)
Title: Precoat layers
IPC: B01J47/133
Filed: 1972-12-06
Abstract: 1410348 Filter aid THEODOR CHRIST AG 6 Dec 1972 [6 Dec 1971] 56345/72 Heading B1D A filter screen is covered with a layer of mixed anion and cation ion exchange resins on top of which is applied a layer of polyacrylonitrile fibres, both layers being applied as filter aids and the fibres being upstream of the resins in use and protecting them from colloidal matter which would impair their functioning. Particle sizes and layer densities are exemplified. The fibre layer may be applied using a slurry tank and pump, as are the resins, or by adding the fibres to the first liquid to be filtered. The liquid may be condenser water in nuclear steam-generating plant.
Patent GB-1497039-A (GB)
Title: Penicillins and cephalosporins
IPC: C07D333/22
Filed: 1973-12-05
Abstract: 1497039 Penicillin and cephalosporin derivatives GLAXO LABORATORIES Ltd 4 Dec 1974 [5 Dec 1973] 56460/73 Headings C2C and C2P Novel 7# - acrylamido - ceph - 3 - em - 4- carboxylic acids and 6# - acrylamido - penam- 3 - carboxylic acids and non - toxic derivatives thereof in which the acrylamido group has formula BCH :C(A)-CONH- (A is aryl and B is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group) are prepared by condensation of the appropriate 7-amino ceph-2- or 3-em or 6-aminopenam compound with an acylation agent derived from an acid or by reaction of an appropriate 7-isocyanato ceph-2- or 3-em or 6-isocyanatopenam compound with an acid I followed where necessary by conventional modifications. Intermediates isolated are 2-phenyl-3-thien-2- ylpropenoic acid and its methyl ester; 2- thien - 2 - ylpent - 2 - enoic acid and its tbutyl ester; 2 - thein - 2 - yl - 5 - phenyl - pent- 2 - enoic acid and its t - butyl ester; t - butyl 2 - hydroxy - 2 - thein - 21 - ylacetate; t - butyl 2 - bromo - 2 - thien - 2<SP>1</SP> - ylacetate; t - butyl 2 - (diethylphosphono) - thien - 2 - yl - acetate; t - butyl 2 - thien - 2 - ylbut - 2 - enoate; 3- phenyl - 2 - fur - 2 - yl - propenoic acid and its t - butyl ester; 3 - (4 - cyanophenyl) - 2 - thien- 2 - ylpropenoic acid and its t-butyl ester ; 4 - cyanobenzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride; 3 - fur - 2 - yl - 2 - thien - 2 - yl - propenoic acid; 4 - methoxy - 2 - phenyl - but - 2 - enoic acid; 4 - acetoxy - 2 - phenyl - but - 2 - enoic acid; t - butyl fur - 2 - ylglyoxylate; and t - butyl thien-2-ylglyoxylate. Pharmaceutical compositions useful as antibiotics comprise one or more of the above novel compounds together with suitable diluents and/ or carriers.
Patent GB-1448600-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor etching
IPC: H01L21/3063
Filed: 1973-12-06
Abstract: 1448600 Semi-conductor device manufacture STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd 6 Dec 1973 56517/73 Heading H1K A method of etching an N-type layer 11, Fig. 1, of a semi-conductor body to expose underlying P-type material 13 includes exposing the etching face to intensity-modulated light during a chemical etching process in an electrolytic cell and monitoring current through the cell, the voltage applied to the cell being less than the band gap of the semi-conductor. The method is used to fabricate a GaAs photocathode, P-type substrate 12 being first electrochemically etched to expose the layer 11 and form a supporting rim 16 (Fig. 2, not shown). Layer 11 is then chemically etched in a bubble chamber, Fig. 3, a lamp 43 providing pulsating illumination at 1 Hertz to generate electron-hole pairs at the etching face. A decrease in fluctuations in the current flowing between the semi-conductor body as anode and a cathode 46, as measured by a recorder 49, signifies that the P-type material is exposed and etching is terminated. The bubble chamber may be temperature-stabilized by a water jacket 40, bubble action being provided by nitrogen gas via porous plug 41. The etchant 39 is a mixture of H 2 SO 4  and H 2 O 2 .
Patent GB-1293217-A (GB)
Title: Smokers pipe
Inventor: KNOX ARTHUR WILLIAM
IPC: A24F1/00
Filed: 1970-11-30
Abstract: 1293217 Smokers' pipe A W KNOX 28 June 1971 [30 Nov 1970] 56681/70 Heading A2M The pipe comprises a bowl 10 and a stem or stem extension 13 having a tapered portion which is received in a tapered bore 12 extending transversely through the bowl 10, the stem or stem extension 13 having a longitudinally extending conduit 15 which communicates with the cavity of the bowl 10 via a bore 16 or bores in the stem or stem extension 13 which extend transversely of the conduit 15 and open directly into the cavity. As shown, the bowl 10 has a frusto-conical cavity 11, is formed of wood and is strengthened by a metal ring 19. O-ring sealing members 20, 21, 22, 23 are provided where shown. The stem extension 13 may be formed of wood or metal, and the stem 17 which has a mouthpiece 18 may be formed of wood or plastics material. The stem 17 and the extension 13 may be formed in one piece. In another embodiment, Fig. 2 (not shown), the stem extension (27) is of metal tubular form and is tapered and closed off by a plug (31) at one end for insertion in the tapered bore (26) of the bowl (24).
Patent GB-1387896-A (GB)
Title: Heated shuttering for concrete
IPC: B28B11/24
Filed: 1972-12-11
Abstract: 1387896 Heating mould walls A KLEIBER 11 Dec 1972 [13 Dec 1971] 57168/72 Heading B5A A shuttering panel 1 adapted to be heated by hot-air circulated therethrough in a closed path via heating means 12 such as an electrical, gasfired or oil-fired unit is connected to the unit 12 by flexible metal pipes 8, 9 and is mounted on rails 4, the panel 1 being internally partitioned to ensure uniform heating of the panel. For partition details and communication ports therefor which increase in cross-sectional area along the length of the panel the Specification and Fig. 3 (not shown), should be referred to.
Patent GB-1171179-A (GB)
Title: Condensing Steam Turbine Plant
Inventor: HITCHCOCK KEITH NORMAN
IPC: F01K11/02
Filed: 1966-12-21
Abstract: 1,171,179. Steam condensers. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. 19 Dec., 1967 [21 Dec., 1966], No. 57256/66. Heading F4S. [Also in Division F1] In a steam turbine plant the casing of each low pressure turbine 1 is surrounded by a further casing to form a chamber 4 containing surface condensers 5, the casings being supported independently of each other so as to permit relative movement therebetween. The plant has three divided flow L.P. turbines 1 mounted on a common shaft 2 running in bearings (3), Fig. 1 (not shown). The casing of each turbine 1 is supported by bolting axially extending flanges 9 on the casing to co-operating flanges 11 on beams 6, 7 extending axially throughout the length of the L.P. turbines. The beams 6, 7 are in turn supported by girders 8 resting on the plant foundations and passing through spaces (30) between adjacent chambers 4. Stiffening is provided by cross-members 12 extending between the beams 6, 7. The casing of each chamber 4 is supported by girders 13 bolted to flanges 14 on the easing. Flexible bellows (18, 31, 32) are provided to seal the gaps between the casings of chambers 4 and the casings, exhaust deflectors (15) or support structures of turbines 1 where relative movement may occur.
Patent GB-1318160-A (GB)
Title: Aquarium furnishings in a display package and in an aquarium
IPC: A01K63/00
Filed: 1971-12-15
Abstract: 1318160 Aquarium furnishings METAFRAME CORP 15 Dec 1971 [20 Jan 1971] 58204/71 Heading A1A [Also in Divisions A4 and B8] A method of furnishing an aquarium comprises arranging ornamental objects 19, 20, 21 on the floor of the aquarium in front of corresponding pictures 15, 16, 17 of similar objects on an illustrative support 10 mounted externally on the rear panel 42 of the aquarium. The illustrative support 10 carries adhesive strips 33 to effect the mounting and the ornamental objects 19, 20, 21 have bases 22 which are held fixed under the weight of gravel in the aquarium. The illustrated objects 15, 16, 17 are preferably slightly smaller than the real ones, to give the illusion of depth. A display package for the support 10 and ornamental objects 19, 20, 21 is also disclosed and claimed.
Patent GB-1486190-A (GB)
Title: Monitoring heart activity
IPC: A61B5/364
Filed: 1973-12-15
Abstract: 1486190 Electrocardiograms FERRANTI Ltd 12 Dec 1974 [15 Dec 1973] 58213/73 Heading G1N Cardiac monitoring apparatus having means for detecting normal and ectopic complexes in an electrocardiogram waveform, includes binary counting means, means to cause the counting means to count at different rates and in different directions during successive intervals to directly compare successive intervals between pairs of detected complexes, and means responsive to the occurence of predetermined states of the counting means to detect that successive intervals differ by amounts greater than accounted for by the differences between the counting rates, such differences in intervals being indicative of an ectopic complex. As shown all detected complexes are fed as pulses R to a bi-stable 10 whose outputs A, B switch at each pulse and gate pulses applied from pulse sources 17, 18 of different frequencies to reversible counters 15, 16 with the result that during one interval between pulses R counter 15 count'up pulses from higher frequency source 17 and counter 16 counts down pulses from lower frequency source 18, and during the successive interval  counter 15 counts down pulses from 18 and counter 16 counts up pulses from 17. The two counters 15, 16 respond to overlapping pairs of intervals. Should either counter return to zero, this indicates that the second interval of the pair is longer than the first by a predetermined amount and results in a signal being fed to an output line 26 and to a counter 30. The counter 30 is also fed with signals from a shift register, clocked by the pulses R, which signals are deducted from the count of the counter 30. The counter 30 therefore indicates at any one time the number of ectopic complexes which have occurred during a preceding total number of complexes. The number registered by counter 30 can be compared at 33 and an alarm signal 34 given should a threshold be exceeded. In a modification, Fig. 3 (not shown) two further reversible counters (44), (48) are provided so that the apparatus can detect the first and last ectopic complexes of a sequence and can register the intervening complexes.
Patent GB-1154050-A (GB)
Title: A Printing Position Control Device in an Offset Printing Machine.
IPC: B41F13/14
Filed: 1966-12-30
Abstract: 1,154,050. Rotary printing machines. RICOH K.K. 30 Dec., 1966 [19 Jan., 1966], No. 58250/66. Heading B6C. In order to effect circumferential adjustment of the impression cylinder 4, (Fig. 3), relative to the blanket cylinder 3 a worm (19) driven toothed sector 17 is freely rotatable upon the shaft of the blanket cylinder. The sector 17 carries a double gear-wheel 27, having teeth 25 and 26, which is movable as a planet gear around two juxtaposed gear-wheels 11 and 12 also mounted on the blanket cylinder shaft, the wheel 11 being freely rotatable thereto whilst the wheel 12 is fixedly secured to the cylinder end face. A third gear wheel 13 of the same diameter as the wheel 12 is located adjacent the latter wheel but, like the wheel 11, is freely rotatable relative thereto. The freely rotatable wheels 11 and 13 are connected through a further double gear-wheel 30 which is rotatable about a stub shaft fixed to the side wall 1 of the machine. The gear-wheel 13 meshes with a gear-wheel 32 fixed to the impression cylinder 4. Manual actuation of the worm 19 through a rotatable knob 23 causes the sector 17 to rotate about the shaft of the blanket cylinder 3 and thus move the planet gear 27 around its associated gear wheels 11 and 12. Due to the difference in diameter between the wheels 11 and 12 the former is rotated relative to the blanket cylinder such that it drives the gear-wheel 32 attached to the impression cylinder through the double gear 30 and the gearwheel 13.
Patent GB-1256247-A (GB)
Title: Cartridge for containing substances adapted for the preparation of drinks
IPC: B65D81/00
Filed: 1968-12-09
Abstract: 1,256,247. Capsule. KANTOR INTERNATIONAL S.A. 9 Dec., 1968 [2 Nov., 1968], No. 58463/68. Heading B8C. [Also in Division B1] A container having a cap 2 and a base 1 of truncated cone shape contains a substance 7 which by the addition of a liquid provides a drink and is characterized by a punching device 4 contained entirely within the container, which device is adapted to perforate the base of the container under the action of a thrust applied from the exterior. The device is intended for use in automatic machines provided with a liquid injection needle 8 which pierces the top of the container and which is fastened to a piece 10 which presses down the top of lid 2 to cause the tool 4 to pierce the base of the container. The tool may be of cruciform section or may be hollow as shown, when a hole or holes 14 are provided therein. The lid 2 is welded to the moulded body 4.
Patent GB-1382159-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus and method for producing concrete cover plates on large capactiy containers
IPC: E04G17/16
Filed: 1972-12-19
Abstract: 1382159 Shuttering supports O HEINZLE 19 Dec 1972 [24 Dec 1971] 58561/72 Heading E1S A method of casting a concrete cover 18 on a large capacity container having a peripheral wall 2 and a central column 4 comprises the steps of clamping a frame 8, 9, 10 to the column, arranging a plurality of beams 6 to extend radially from the frame to the peripheral wall, placing shuttering 5 on the beams to accommodate the concrete which is then allowed to set whereupon the support frame is' unclamped and the beams and shuttering removed. Each beam consists of a box-section 12 connected to an arch girder 13 by crossties 14, the beam having a spigot connection to a L-shaped bracket 11 which serves as a sealing therefore, see also Figs. 2 and 3 (not shown). A plastics block 17 overlies the bracket 11 to facilitate removal of the beam.