Patent GB-691173-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a vulcanizing press
IPC: B29D30/36
Filed: 1949-05-31
Abstract: 691,173. Vulcanizing presses. McNEIL MACHINE & ENGINEERING CO. May 31, 1949 [Dec. 29, 1948], No. 14576/49. Class 87 (ii). A vulcanizing press having relatively-movable mould sections and a fluid-expansible bag for shaping the article, e.g. tyre, to be moulded comprises means responsive to initial opening of one of the mould sections to raise the article and bag as a unit from the other mould section, and fluid-pressure means responsive to further opening of said mould section to strip the bag from the article in an upward direction. Thus, a tyre T, Fig. 8a, having been moulded and vulcanized with the aid of a curing bag 134, the pressure is released from the bag, the press begins to open, the tyre and bag are raised together off the stationary lower mould section 4, and then simultaneously the bag is upwardly extended to strip it from the tyre and the tyre is lifted above the bag to the position shown in Fig. 2. The press shown is for vulcanizing two tyres at once. Each lower mould section 4, Fig. 1, is stationarily mounted and the upper mould sections 21 are movable away therefrom: The mould sections 21 are carried by two long rigid arms 11 journaled at 12, the arms being joined by a cross member 14, Fig. 3, having depending extensions 17, 18 in which are journaled supports 19 which carry the mould sections 21. To the upper end of each arm 11 is pivoted one end of a link 23, the other end of the link being pivoted on a crank pin 20, Fig. 1, fixed to a disc 28 which rolls in bearings 29 carried by and eccentrically disposed within a large electric-motor (79)-driven gear wheel 24, rotation of which opens and closes the press. Fixed to the disc 28 is a planet gear 37 which meshes with a stationary fixed sun gear 40. The press is opened, from the closed position shown in Fig. 1, by clockwise rotation of gear wheel 24, the arms 11 being thus pivoted clockwise about 12. As the wheel 24 rotates, the planet gear 37 turns clockwise on the sun gear, thus rotating the pin 20 clockwise, the speed of opening of the press being thus increased in the initial stage as compared with a construction in which the pin 20 is journaled directly in the wheel 24. In a later stage of rotation of 24 the movement of pin 20 is retarded, and in the final stage it is again accelerated. Each mould section 21 is rigid with the front end of an arm 48 the rear end of which carries a roller 51 disposed in a slot 54 in the press frame; the rear end is joined by a link 57 to one arm 62 of an L-shaped cam follower ful crummed at 64. The arm 62 carries a roller 69 engaged by a cam 66 fixed on shaft 25 of wheel 24. As wheel 24 rotates clockwise to open the press, cam 66 raises 69, 62, 57 and 48, the tendency for mould section 21 to tilt being thus neutralized and the upper mould section being kept parallel to the lower mould section. The arm 63 has a roller 72 which co-operates with cam 66 to prevent skewing of the upper mould section during closing of the press. The mechanism for opening and closing the curing bag 134 comprises a cylinder (84)-and-piston (85) assembly which slides in a stationary housing 87. The lower edge 133 of the bag is secured between two clamps 130, 135, which are fast to and move with the cylinder. A part 135<SP>1</SP>, of clamp 135 underlies the tyre bead B. The upper edge 133' of the bag is secured by a clamp 137 fast to and movable with the piston. When the press is opened, first the cylinder-and-piston assembly rises as a whole, whereby the tyre is stripped from the lower mould section, then fluid pressure entering the cylinder through port 120 raises the piston, thus straightening the bag to pulley-band form and stripping it from the tyre, the tyre being simultaneously raised. The assembly is raised by the initial press-opening clockwise movement of the wheel 24, which pivots clockwise a bell-crank 80 carrying a roller 90 engaging the lower end of the assembly. The connection between wheel 24 and bell-crank 88 is such as to raise the assembly and then let it drop, and includes an arm 99 pivoted at 100 to cam 66. The arm 99 has a hooked end 98 which engages roller 97 on lever 96 and raises it to rock clockwise bell-crank 93 on shaft 74, thus pulling rod 92 to rock bell-crank 88. Towards the end of the opening of the press, the arm 99 engages shaft 25 and its hook 98 is thus disengaged from roller 97. The assembly thus drops, and buffer device 95 cushions its fall. Apparatus for lifting and holding the two tyres comprises two inner arms 147, Fig. 14 and two outer arms 167, the arms being adjustable in length and carrying rollers 178, Fig. 1, having flanged ends 179 which engage the tyres. The two inner arms are pivoted at 146 in uprights 142 and are fast with inter-engaging toothed sectors 148. These sectors are rocked, to raise the arms by a pneumatic cylinder 141 acting through its rod 152, bell-crank 145 and rod 149. The two outer arms are raised by movement of the bell-cranks 145, through connections 153, 156, 159, 160, 163, 164, these connections including a shock-absorbing device 173. Fig. 17 shows the layout of the bag controls. The bag-extending cylinder 84, the bag 134 and the tyre-lifting cylinder 141 are served from separate sources S', S<SP>2</SP>, S', S<SP>4</SP> of fluid supply at different pressures through valves a b, c,.d, respectively. A valve e controls pressure supply to control valves f, g, h, n. Operation:-The press being closed and the curing of the tyres having been completed, the position is as shown in Figs. 1 8a and 17, a control pressure passing through valve e to the curing timer only, the control lines being open to exhaust at e, and high pressure being exerted from S<SP>4</SP> through open valve r to the curing bag. The operator presses a button to start motor 79, the press begins to open, the arm 11 swings left, Fig. 17 and the following movements occur sequentially:-(1) Spring 191 adjusts valve e to shut off pressure to the timer and open pressure to the control valves, and the timer shuts valve r. At the same time cam 185 on wheel (24)- shaft 25 turns counter-clockwise and; via link 186, opens pressure to diaphragm m, thus opening valve d and connecting the bag to vacuum. (2) The mechanical lifter (90) for the bag and tyre raises the tyre and bag as a unit from the lower mould section. (3) Cam 190 (on shaft 25) operates limit switch 189 and solenoid 188 to open valve f. This has two results:-(a) Pressure passes to diaphragm k, depressing it and opening valve a to pressure from S', whereupon piston 85 rises and the bag is extended and stripped from the tyre. (b) Pressure passes through f and g to raise diaphragm i, open valve c to pressure from S' and operate piston rod 152 in pneumatic cylinder 141 to raise arms 147, 167, the tyre being lifted to its highest position. Simultaneously with the energization of solenoid 188 a limit switch stops the press in almost fully open position. Thereafter (4) the press motor is restarted at will by means of a push button, whereupon hook 98 disengages from roller 97, the mechanical lifter for the bagging assembly drops, and the press continues to fully open position (Fig. 2), being stopped by a limit switch. The operator then removes the tyres from the arms 147, 167, and pushes lever 174 to close valve g whereupon pressure to diaphragm i is released, valve c opens to vacuum, piston rod 152 retracts and arms 147, 167 drop. To begin a new cycle a green tyre is placed in the press, surrounding the bag, and closure of the press started by means of a push button. The valves then reverse to the Fig. 17 position, the tyre-shaping pressure from S<SP>2</SP> being introduced into the bag when the press is about half closed, and the moulding pressure from S' when the press is fully closed. Specifications 554,858 and 652,367 are referred to.