Patent GB-722523-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fiber forming polymers
IPC: C08L33/20
Filed: 1951-11-05
Abstract: Fibres and films which are dyed with acid wool dyestuffs are made from either (A) a copolymer made from at least 80 per cent of acrylonitrile and at least 1 per cent of a heterocyclic nitrogenous compound containing a polymerizable mono-olefinic group in a side chain selected from (1) a compound having an imidazole, benzimidazole, imidazoline, oxazole, benzoxazole, thiazole, benzothiazole, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, pyrrole, triazine, or lactam nucleus to which there is attached a vinyl, isopropenyl, allyl, or methallyl radical; or (2) a compound having a quinoline nucleus to which is attached a side chain containing both a vinyl, isopropenyl, allyl, or methallyl radical and an ether, ester, or amide linkage, or having a pyridine nucleus to which is attached a side chain containing both an isopropenyl, allyl, or methallyl radical and an ether, amide, or ester linkage; or (3) a compound having any of the aforesaid nuclei to which is attached a side chain containing a maleyl or fumaryl radical, or (B) a blend of a polymeric product made up from at least 80 per cent of monomeric acrylonitrile with a polymer of one of the abovementioned nitrogenous compounds, the blend containing from 1 to 20 per cent of the nitrogenous compound in polymeric form.  Specification 673,841, [Group IV (a)], is referred to.ALSO:Fibre-forming compositions comprise a solution in an organic solvent of either (a) a copolymer made from at least 80 per cent of acrylonitrile and at least 1 per cent of a heterocyclic nitrogenous compound containing a polymerizable mono-olefinic group in a side chain selected from (1) a compound having an imidazole, benzimidazole, imidazoline, oxazole, benzoxazole, thiazole, benzothiazole, pyridazine, pyridimide, pyrazine, pyrazole, pyrrole, triazine, or lactam nucleus to which is attached a vinyl, isopropenyl, allyl, or methallyl radical, or (2) a compound having a quinoline nucleus to which is attached a side chain containing both a vinyl, isopropenyl, allyl, or methallyl radical and an ether, ester, or amide linkage, or having a pyridine nucleus to which is attached a side chain containing both an isopropenyl, allyl, or methallyl radical and an ether, ester, or amide linkage, or (3) a compound having any of the aforesaid nuclei to which is attached a side chain containing a maleyl or fumaryl radical, or (b) a blend of a polymeric product made up from at least 80 per cent of monomeric acrylonitrile with a polymer of one of the above-mentioned nitrogenous compounds, the blend containing from 1 to 20 per cent of the nitrogenous compound in polymeric form.  Lists of the olefinic heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds are provided in the Specification.  Organic solvents specified are dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, ethylene carbonate, gamma - butyrolactone, alpha-cyanoacetamide, and maleic anhydride.  When employing the blending technique the acrylonitrile polymer used may be polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer with vinyl acetate, styrene, methyl acrylate, methacrylonitrile, dimethyl maleate, diethyl fumarate, or vinyl chloride; the N-heterocyclic polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer with the above-mentioned copolymerizable monomers and also acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, and vinylidene chloride. The blending of the polymers is preferably carried out by dissolving them together in one of the solvents referred to above. The preparation of the polymers in aqueous emulsion is described employing catalysts such as hydrogen and sodium peroxides, potassium persulphate, calcium percarbonate, azo - 2,21 - diisobutyronitrile, dimethyl 2,21 - azodiisobutyrate, 2,21 - azodiisobutyramide, 2,21 - azobis - (2,4 - dimethylvaleronitrile), diazoaminobenzene, and redox systems employing sulphur dioxide, sodium bisulphite, and sodium thiosulphate as reducing agents, emulsifiers such as sodium stearate, the alkali metal salts of sulphonated paraffins sulphonated naphthalenes, and sulphonated alkyl benzenes, the sodium salt of formaldehyde condensed naphthalene sulphonic acid the alkali salts of sulphonic half-esters of fatty alcohols, and triethanolamine salts, and polymerization regulators such as thiourea, tert.-dodecyl mercaptan, thioglycolic acid, mercaptobenzothiazole, and carbon tetrachloride.  During polymerization uniform reaction conditions are maintained within the reaction vessel by adding the monomers, catalyst, and emulsifier gradually or intermittently during the reaction.  The polymer solutions may be formed into films and fibres which may be hot-stretched and dyed with acid dyestuffs.  Specification 673,841 is referred to.