Patent GB-366553-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the recovery of alcohols of high molecular weight from waxes and thelike by distillation
IPC: C07C29/74
Filed: 1930-10-02
Abstract: Alcohols of high molecular weight are obtained from waxes, hydrogenation products of esters of animal or vegetable oils, or from the products of the destructive oxidation of paraffin waxes &c., by distilling these materials after conversion of any esters present into free acids and alcohols, with the aid of steam or vapours of a volatile liquid at a pressure below 100 mms. and at a temperature above the boiling point of the volatile liquid at the pressure chosen, but below that at which constituents of the initial materials other than alcohols are distilled.  Suitable volatile liquids are benzene, ethyl alcohol, ethers and ketones boiling below 120 DEG  C. and having a vapour tension of more than 100 mms. at 150 DEG  C. Crude montan wax, the esters of which have been split by treatment with superheated steam at 220 DEG  C. and 23 atmospheres pressure, is distilled with steam.  At 180-200 DEG  C. and a pressure of 60 mms. the alcohols pass over with the steam and a pale yellow solid product is obtained which melts at 78-79 DEG  C. and has an acetyl value of 120.  Montan wax similarly split and distilled with the aid of ethyl alcohol vapours gives 20 per cent of a product melting at 78-79 DEG C. and having an acetyl value of 120.  Carnauba wax is saponified with caustic soda, and the supernatant waxy cake is dried and distilled with toluene vapours heated to 180 DEG  C.  The alcohols distil off at 220 DEG  C. and 10-15 mms. pressure and give a product melting at 79-80 DEG  C. and having an acetyl value of 110. Specifications 17379/96, [Class 2, Acids and salts, Organic &c.], 22605/10, 304,150, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], and 355,484 are referred to.ALSO:Alcohols of high molecular weight are obtained from waxes, hydrogenation products of esters of animal or vegetable oils, or from the products of the destructive oxidation of paraffin waxes &c. by distilling these materials, after conversion of any esters present into free acids and alcohols, with the aid of steam or vapours of a volatile liquid at a pressure below 100 mms. and at a temperature above the boiling-point of the volatile liquid at the pressure chosen but below that at which constituents of the initial materials other than alcohols are distilled.  Suitable volatile liquids are benzene, ethyl alcohol, ethers and ketones boiling below 120 DEG  C. and having a vapour tension of more than 100 mms. at 150 DEG  C.  Crude montan wax, the esters of which have been split by treatment with superheated steam at 220 DEG  C. and 23 atmospheres pressure, is distilled with steam.  At 180-200 DEG  C. and a pressure of 60 mms. the alcohols pass over with the steam and a pale yellow solid product is obtained which melts at 78-79 DEG  C. and has an acetyl value of 120.  Montan wax similarly split and distilled with the aid of ethyl alcohol vapours gives 20 per cent of a product melting at 78-79 DEG  C. and having an acetyl value of 120.  Carnauba wax is saponified with caustic soda, and the supernatant waxy cake is dried and distilled with toluene vapours heated to 180 DEG  C.  The alcohols distil off at 220 DEG  C. and 10-15 mms. pressure and give a product melting at 79-80 DEG  C. and having an acetyl value of 110. Specifications 17379/96, [Class 2, Acids and salts, Organic &c.], 22605/10, 304,150, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], and 355,484 are referred to.