baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1050478-A (GB)
IPC: H01L21/00
Abstract: 1,050,478. Semi-conductor devices. FAIRCHILD CAMERA & INSTRUMENT CORPORATION. Sept. 13, 1963 [Oct. 8, 19621, No.36117/63. Heading H1K. An epitaxial transistor comprises a heavily doped emitter zone located within an epitaxial layer formed on a substrate, a base region within the layer and in contact with the emitter zone and a collector zone formed within the base region. The emitter zone may be in contact with or may form a part of the substrate. The epitaxial layer has a lower conductivity or is of the opposite conductivity type to the emitter. It is stated that such a transistor is of particular use in integrated circuits using transistors operating in the common emitter mode. The surface of an N-type Si or Ge wafer 1 having an epitaxial layer 2 formed thereon by vacuum evaporation or disproportionation of gaseous halides is initially masked with a coating of silicon dioxide and an N-type impurity, e.g. P, As or Sb, is diffused into the layer to form N + region 3. The wafer is then heated in an oxidizing atmosphere whereby some of the impurities near the surface diffuse out and an oxide layer 4 forms on the surface. The oxide layer is retained after manufacture. Holes are then etched in the layer and base and collector regions 8 and 9 are formed by diffusing in suitable impurities. In another embodiment (Fig. 2, not shown) a heavily doped emitter region is formed at the surface of the epitaxial layer and a similar layer is then deposited thereover. Base and collector regions are then formed in the second layer and the emitter region diffuses through the first layer so as to contact the substrate. In yet another embodiment (Fig. 7, not shown) the impurities for the emitter region are initially deposited directly on to the substrate and an epitaxial layer is then formed thereover, the base and collector regions (both of which have a smaller cross-sectional area than the emitter) then being formed as before. In the transistor shown in Fig. 8, N-type impurities 38, 39, 40 are deposited directly on to a substrate 37 and a P-type epitaxial layer 41 is then deposited. The impurities 39, 40 diffuse faster than the impurity 38 so that the base and emitter regions are isolated from the epitaxial layer as shown. A collector region 42 is then formed. In Fig. 5, a pair of transistors connected in the common emitter mode are depicted, the electrodes 28, 21, 23, 27 and the connecting bridge 20 being formed by depositing A1 through holes in the oxide layers. In every embodiment the concentration of charge carriers in the emitter region adjacent the emitter/ base junction is about 100 times greater than that in the base region adjacent the collector/ base junction. In one example using P as the emitter N-type impurity and B as the base P-type impurity these concentrations were respectively 9 x 10<SP>20</SP> atoms per c.c. and 10<SP>19</SP> atoms per c.c., the concentration of phosphorus in the epitaxial layer was 6 x 10<SP>16</SP> atoms per c.c. and that of the phosphorus in the collector region was 6 x 10<SP>20</SP> atoms per c.c. The use of the P-type impurities A1, Ga and In is also mentioned.
Patent GB-1052262-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to scintillation apparatus for the examination of material
IPC: G01T1/204
Filed: 1963-09-29
Abstract: 1,052,262. Uses of luminescent materials. G.K.N. GROUP SERVICES Ltd. Aug. 29, 1963 [Aug. 30, 1962; May 15. 1963], Nos. 33275/62 and 19224/63. Heading C4S. Apparatus for the examination of material, e.g. for detecting voids or impurities in ferrous metal ingot-blooms or in sheet material generally, comprises a source of penetrating radiation directed along a path and a screen in the path for receiving the radiation after passage through the material to be examined, the screen comprising a plurality of elongated elements having their lengths extending longitudinally of the path and being of light transmitting material loaded with a scintillating medium so that such medium is present throughout the length of the element and is responsive to the radiation incident at one set of ends of these elements to produce at the other set of ends an optical image representative of the composition of the material to be examined. The elements are located within a matrix formed either of aluminium, specular reflection taking place between the element/matrix interface, or the elements may be held together by a cement or adhesive, e.g. plaster of Paris, titanium oxide, or magnesium oxide, in which case diffuse reflection takes place at the element/matrix interface. The elements may be of glass, e.g. a lithium glass loaded with scintillating material, or they may be of liquid, e.g. terphenyl, polyvinyl toluene, or xylene loaded with scintillating material. Alternatively, instead of filling the matrix with a substance that remains in the liquid state permanently, the matrix may be filled with a substance that is liquid temporary and is converted to a solid, e.g. by heating. The matrix may be formed by a corrugated sheet which is, with a plane sheet, wound into a spiral configuration; the finished assembly may be of frusto-conical form with the thickness of passage formed therein increasing away from the source of radiation.
Patent GB-1052848-A (GB)
IPC: H04R9/08
Abstract: 1,052,848. Microphones. LUSTRAPHONE Ltd. Oct. 19, 1964 [Oct. 18. 1963], No. 41323/63. Heading H4J. A ribbon microphone includes two ribbons 1, 2 (Fig. 1) each of which is mounted in a frame 3. Each frame 3 comprises two magnets 4, 5 (Fig. 2, not shown) mechanically connected by cross-pieces 6, 7. Opposite ends of each ribbon 1, 2 are clamped, in insulating manner, to the cross-pieces 6, 7. The ribbons 1, 2 are electrically connected in series through the primary of a transformer 8 having a sufficiently low inductance to attenuate base frequencies. The frames 3 and transformer 8 are mounted in an apertured cylindrical casing 9 having a spigot 11. The planes of the ribbons 1, 2 are parallel to each other or are at an angle of up to 15 degrees with respect to one another. Sound waves impinging on them from direction A produce substantially zero output. Sound waves impinging on the ribbons 1, 2 from a source mid-way between their planes actuate the ribbons in opposite directions and two equal voltages energize the transformer 8. Guides (not shown) co-operate with the user's upper lip to position the microphone.
Patent GB-1143796-A (GB)
IPC: A61K31/295
Abstract: 1,143,796. Ferrocene cyclic ethers. COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO. 6 Oct., 1966 [7 Oct., 1965], No. 44650/66. Heading C2J. [Also in Division A5] Ferrocene cyclic ethers, of formula are prepared by reacting the appropriate ferro cene diol with a concentrated liquid C 1 -C 3  aliphatic acid, followed by treatment with water. R' and R<SP>2</SP> in the general formula shown may represent hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6  alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkyl-lower alkyl. Suitable acids are formic, acetic, and propionic acids. Preparations of the ferrocene diols, ferrocene diacyls, ferrocene dicarboxylic acids and ferrocene itself are also described. The following reactions are performed. Examples 1-3: 1,1<SP>1</SP>-Diacetyl ferrocene # 1,1<SP>1</SP>-di-α- hydroxyethylferrocene # 1,1 <SP>1</SP>-(α,α<SP>1</SP>-oxadiethyl) ferrocene. Examples 4-6: 1,1<SP>1</SP> - Dibenzoyl ferrocene -#1,1<SP>1</SP>-di-α-hydroxybenzoylferrocene -# 1,1<SP>1</SP>- (α,α<SP>1</SP>-oxadibenzyl)ferrocene. Examples 7-9: 1,1<SP>1</SP>-Dihexanoylferrocene -# 1, 1<SP>1</SP>-di-α- hydroxyhexylferrocene-#1,1<SP>1</SP> - (α,α<SP>1</SP> - oxadihexyl) ferrocene. Examples 10-12: 1-Acetyl- 1<SP>1</SP> - propionylferrocene-# 1 (α-hydroxyethyl)-1<SP>1</SP>- (α<SP>1</SP> - hydroxypropyl) ferrocene -# 1 - Ethyl - 1<SP>1</SP>- propyl - α,α<SP>1</SP>- oxaferrocene. Examples 13-15: 1 - Acetyl - 1<SP>1</SP> - benzoylferrocene -# 1 - (α - hydroxyethyl) - 1<SP>1</SP> - (α<SP>1</SP> - hydroxybenzyl) ferrocene -# 1 - Ethyl - 1<SP>1</SP> - benzyl - α,α <SP>1</SP> - oxaferrocene.
Patent GB-1227287-A (GB)
IPC: F01M13/04
Filed: 1969-09-11
Abstract: 1,227,287. Ventilating I.C. engine crankcases. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. Sept. 11, 1969, No.44911/69. Heading F1B. An I.C. engine has a scavenge pump 22 which pumps oil and blow-by gases from a crank-case 11 to an oil storage tank 20, a pressure pump (not shown) draws oil from the storage tank for lubricating the engine, the oil storage tank has a sealed filler cap 26 and the oil storage tank is vented to an air cleaner 16 within a filter element 27. The oil passes over baffles 25 to separate the blow-by gases from the oil. A pressure balance vent 29, which may have an internal restriction connects the air cleaner 16 to the crank-case 11 via the valve cover and an internal connection.
Patent GB-1229924-A (GB)
IPC: C02F1/52
Filed: 1968-05-31
Abstract: 1,229,924. Regenerating activated sludge. STENBERG-FLYGT A.B. 31 May, 1968 [2 June, 1967], No. 26356/68. Heading C1C. Activated sludge to be used in a bioflocculation treatment of sewage is gently aerated by laminar flow at uniform velocity gradient across the horizontal cross-section of the chamber used for regeneration. The means for achieving this is by a plastic foam cushion distributing the air. Specification 1,210,434 is referred to.
Patent GB-1232947-A (GB)
IPC: C09K11/82
Filed: 1970-04-21
Abstract: 1,232,947. Luminescent materials. LEUCHTSTOFFWERK BAD LIEBENSTEIN VEB. 21 April, 1970, No. 19029/70. Heading C4S. An yttrium vanadate phosphor is activated by Eu and Sn. The tin may be in amount 1 Î 10<SP>-3</SP> to 1 x 10<SP>-6</SP> gram atom per mole of the yttrium vanadate and the phosphor incorporated in colour T.V. tubes and mercury lamps, the maximum emission brightness being at 350‹ to 380‹ C. In preparation, yttrium and europium oxide may be dissolved in nitric acid, the oxalates precipitated by addition of oxalic acid, filtered, washed, decomposed at 820‹ C. then the mixed oxide is mixed with ammonium metavanadate and stannic oxide for annealing. For improved distribution stannic oxide may be added to the nitrate solution. Alternatively vanadium pentoxide and sodium carbonate may be mixed with yttrium and europium oxides and annealed at 1150‹ C.
Patent GB-1233140-A (GB)
IPC: H02K7/06
Filed: 1969-04-22
Abstract: 1,233,140. Bearings; lubricating; vibrators. REX CHAINBELT Inc. 22 April, 1969 [6 May, 1968], No. 20455/69. Headings F2A and F2X. A bearing of a vibratory apparatus is lubricated by means of eccentric weights which are mounted on a rotatable shaft supported by the bearing and are located within a lubricant chamber, the peripheral portion of which corresponds in size and shape to the space swept by the eccentric weights. The apparatus comprises a stator 5, a rotor 8, a rotor-shaft 9, an end bell 10 that closes an end of the stator, a ball or roller bearing 12 mounted in the end bell 10 and which supports the shaft 9, eccentric weights carried on said shaft 9 and which comprise an eccentric weight 16 having a hub 17 keyed to the shaft and an angularly adjustable eccentric weight 18, and a lubricant chamber which receives the eccentric weights 16, 18 and which is formed by means of a cylindrical member 13 connected to the end bell 10 and having a cover-plate 15. In use lubricant pressurized by the rotating eccentric weights is forced through a passage 20 in the end bell 10 and through a groove 21 and passages 22 in the outer race of the bearing to lubricate the bearing. The used lubricant returns directly to the lubricant chamber from one side of the bearing and returns to the lubricant chamber, via a chamber 24 and a passage 26 formed in the end bell 10, from the other side of the bearing. The lubricant chamber for the bearing 12 is connected by tubes 33, 34 to another lubricant chamber (not shown) at the other end of the rotor shaft. In modifications an eccentric weight 44, Fig. 4, extends into a radial extension of a cover 47 which latter is attached to an end bell 40 to form a lubricant chamber; an eccentric weight 60, Fig. 5, has a leading edge 61 and a trailing edge 63, the edge 61 having a greater clearance from a surrounding housing 62 than the edge 63 so as to form a wedge effect; and lubricant is delivered to gaps 74, Fig. 6 (not shown), formed between stator laminations 72, to transfer heat from the stator and the rotor to the housing.
Patent GB-1234017-A (GB)
IPC: F16L41/06
Filed: 1970-04-10
Abstract: 1,234,017. Pipe couplings; joint-making packing. HEPWORTH IRON CO. Ltd. 10 April, 1970, No. 17048/70. Headings F2B and F2G. A resilient plastics sealing ring 9 carried by a pipe branch tapping-piece 1 is generally U- shaped in section with the U-arms 10 initially wider than a groove 8 into which it is subsequently placed so that the U base 11 or a sealing bead or lip carried by the U base protrudes from the groove and the U-arms press against the groove sides. The sealing ring 9 may have two sealing lips, Figs. 5, 6 (not shown) projecting from the base 11 and spaced apart less than the groove width to avoid subsequent pinching of the lips. The tapping-piece 1 is clamped onto a pipe 12 by bands 14 and buckles 15, a branch pipe 16 is inserted, and a cap 4 on the piece 1 is removed for insertion of a cutter to form a connecting bore 13. The cutter is removed and the cap 4 replaced.
Patent GB-1237933-A (GB)
IPC: H02K21/04
Filed: 1968-09-12
Abstract: 1,237,933. D.C. excited A.C. generators. LICENTIA PATENT-VEKWALTUNGSG.m.b.H. 12 Sept., 1968 [18 Sept., 1967], No. 43410/68. Heading H2A. In a brushless synchronous generator set comprising a synchronous generator 1, a main exciter 3, and an auxiliary exciter 4 having permanent magnet poles 4.2, there are provided on the latter two exciter windings 4.4, 4.3 of which one, 4.4, is fed with the synchronous generator rotary field winding current and/or the other, 4.3, is fed with such field winding voltage whereby the auxiliary exciter excitation is varied in dependence on the field winding current and/or voltage such winding(s) providing a flux additional to that of the permanent magnets. As shown, the auxiliary exciter 4 has a stationary armature winding 4.1 which supplies via a regulator 5 a stationary field winding 3.2 of the main exciter 3 whose rotating armature winding 3.1 supplies the synchronous generator rotating field winding 1.2 via rotating rectifiers 2. In alternative embodiments the latter are thyristors, are connected as antiparallel, and the two exciter windings are on separate poles.
Patent GB-1239493-A (GB)
IPC: A61N5/10
Filed: 1969-05-02
Abstract: 1,239,493. Irradiation apparatus. ATOMENERGI A.B. 2 May, 1969 [2 May, 1968], No. 22618/69. Heading H5R. An appliance for interstitial radiation of organs in the human or animal body includes a cannular tube 3 which is mounted at the end of a rod 2 and handle 1, and contains a radioactive compound 6 which can be exposed to a desired extent by a radiation-absorbing sheath 10 adjustably displaceable along the tube and rod. The filling 6 is retained by plugs 4 and 5, and the sheath 10 is attached to the handle by a threaded cylindrical body 11 to permit its axial adjustment, the length of the exposed portion of the tube 3 being given by a scale 12 formed on the body 11.
Patent GB-1250118-A (GB)
IPC: H04M9/00
Filed: 1969-04-28
Abstract: 1,250,118. Substation equipment. TELRAD TELECOMMUNICATION & ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES Ltd. 28 April, 1969 [24 May, 1968], No. 21475/69. Heading H4K. In a multi-line telephone system, each subset includes an individual holding circuit in respect of each line to which the set has access whereby interim calls via another line may be set up without loss of the first connection. As shown the holding circuit in one subset for the line A comprises an SCR 3A in series between the subsets cradle switch contacts 1 and a hold relay 9A which is common to the A line hold circuits of every subset. The gate of the SCR is connected via line key contacts 4A to a hold key 7 which is common to all the hold circuits associated with the particular subset shown. Resistor 15A acts to reduce the sensitivity of the SCR. In operation a caller lifts his handset so closing contacts 1 and operates a line key so closing e.g. contacts 4A and 4<SP>1</SP>A whereby a speech circuit (not shown) to the line A is completed. If the caller wishes to set up another call he momentarily operates hold key 7 whereby SCR 3A is gated-on, hold relay 9A is brought up and capacitor 11A is charged by negative battery 13. Thereafter the caller closes another line key contact set thereby automatically opening contacts 4A, 4<SP>1</SP>A and so effects the additional call. At the end of this call, the caller may hang-up thus directly releasing relay 9A or he may re-operate contacts 4<SP>1</SP>A thereby holding the line in the usual way but gating-off SCR 3A so that the hold effected by relay 9A is removed. Alternatively the interim called party may operate his A line key whereby the shown capacitor 11A is discharged via his line key contacts so that SCR 3A is again gated-off and once more 9A falls back to leave control of the line in the hands of the interim called party to whom the call has now been transferred.
Patent GB-1251785-A (GB)
IPC: F04D29/58
Filed: 1970-02-23
Abstract: 1,251,785. Centrifugal pumps. WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC CORP. Feb.23, 1970 [March 25, 1969], No.8523/70. Heading F1C. A centrifugal pump comprising a vertical shaft 16 having an impeller 17 at its lower end and a drive motor (not shown) at its upper end, and a generally cylindrical casing 11 surrounding the shaft and impeller and having a radial discharge nozzle 12 near its upper end and a suction nozzle 13 at its lower end, is characterized by a main flange 14 having a generally cylindrical neck 15 surrounding the shaft and extending downwardly inside the casing, a shaft bearing assembly 25 attached to the lower end of the neck, and one or more controlled-leakage shaft seals dispersed in the main flange above the bearing assembly. The shaft seals are retained in position by a housing 32, to which is attached a vapour seal housing 34. The leak-off liquid is removed through pipes 39, 41. To protect the bearing assembly and shaft seals from the heat of the hot liquid circulated by the pump, a cooling liquid, e. g., water, is circulated through tubes 65 disposed around the shaft 16. The cooling liquid enters and leaves via pipes 59, 61 which communicate with the tubes via passages 57, 58 in a flange 49 and semi-cylindrical pipes 60, 70 extending through the space between inner and outer walls 47, 48. Some of the liquid being pumped can flow via openings 71, 72 in the impeller 17 and a labyrinth seal 52 and, after being cooled by the cooling tubes 65, can flow via a clearance 74 into the region around the bearing assembly 25 to assist in protecting the bearing assembly and the shaft seals from the heat of the pumped liquid. In addition, liquid in the space between the walls 47, 48 is divided into layers by a number of concentric sleeves 62 to provide a thermal barrier. The casing 11 may have an internal lining of corrosion-resistant material.
Patent GB-1252032-A (GB)
IPC: B62K5/00
Filed: 1969-05-14
Abstract: 1,252,032. Steering vehicles; toy vehicles. LOUIS MARX & CO. Ltd. 14 May, 1969 [14 May, 1968], No. 24619/69. Headings B7E and B7H. A pedal or motor-propelled toy vehicle includes a pair of driving wheels 19, 20 driven through a driving member 88 which is movable into and out of driving connection with one or other of the wheels 19, 20 and is operatively connected to the steering mechanism 50 of the vehicle so that both wheels 19, 20 are driven when the vehicle travels in a straight line and only one wheel is driven when the steering mechanism is moved to a predetermined extent in a direction of turn opposite to that wheel. The wheels 19, 20 are mounted on half axles 72, 74 carrying respective driven members 77, 78 having axially-extending teeth 80, 82 engageable by corresponding teeth 86 on both ends of the driving member 88 which is slidable on the inner ends of the half axles and occupies either a central position in which it engages both driven members 77, 78 or one of two end positions in which it engages only a respective one of the driven members. The driving member 88 is driven by pedals 100 through a chain 94 and sprockets 96, 97, the sprocket 97 being secured to the driving member and positioned between the fingers 114 of a U-shaped member 104 secured to a torsion rod 106 having an angled portion 116 which extends into a slot 110 in guide member 112 carried by the track link 46 of the steering mechanism 50. The track link 46 is connected to lever arms 42, 44 on sector gears 36, 38 which mesh with gears 30, 32 on the mountings 22, 24 of steerable wheels 16, 17. A shaft 52 rotated by a steering wheel 51 carries a disc 56 having three fingers 57, 58, 59 which engage with slots 60, 61, 62 in a member 63 on the track link 46.
Patent GB-1257184-A (GB)
IPC: C25B3/28
Filed: 1968-10-22
Abstract: 1,257,184. Electrochemical fluorination. PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO. 22 Oct., 1968, No. 50124/68. Heading C2C. [Also in Division C7] An organic compound is electrochemically fluorinated substantially entirely within the pores of a porous anode. Electric current is passed from the anode through a liquid HF- containing electrolyte and the organic compound is fed into the pores of the porous anode so as to contact the electrolyte. The organic compound may be completely or only partially fluorinated. Products specified are fluoromethanes, fluorochloromethanes, fluoroethanes, fluorochloroethanes, vinyl fluoride, fluoromethyl - propanes, fluoro - cyclopropanes, benzyl fluoride, benzylidene fluoride, benzylidyne fluoride, fluoro-toluenes, fluoro-dialkyl ethers, alkyl and fluoroalkyl fluoroacetates, fluoroethyl mercaptans, fluoropropanols and trifluoroacetonitrile.
Patent GB-1258026-A (GB)
IPC: C07D277/72
Filed: 1970-04-17
Abstract: 1,258,026. 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole. GLANZSTOFF A.G. 17 April, 1970 [17 April, 1969], No. 18434/70. Heading C2C. 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is prepared by heating together aniline, sulphur and trithiane.
Patent GB-1259145-A (GB)
IPC: C07C45/28
Filed: 1969-10-14
Abstract: 1,259,145. Methyl ethyl ketone. MARUZEN OIL CO. Ltd. 14 Oct., 1969 [14 Oct., 1968], No. 50541/69. Heading C2C. Methyl ethyl ketone is prepared by contacting a C 4 -hydrocarbon mixture containing 1-butene with an isomerization catalyst capable of producing double-bond migration, at a temperature of from 0‹ to 300‹ C. under a pressure of from atmospheric to 50 atmospheres and contacting the C 4 -hydrocarbon mixture rich in 2-butene so obtained with an aqueous catalytic solution containing a water-soluble palladium compound and ferric sulphate. The palladium compound is suitably an inorganic palladium salt such as the sulphate, nitrate or chloride or may be palladium potassium chloride, whereas the isomerization catalyst is suitably sodium, lithium, platinum, nickel or palladium, a portion of the latter preferably being sulphurized. The carbonyl reaction is preferably carried out at from room temperature to 200‹ C. under a pressure sufficient to maintain at least the aqueous solution in the liquid phase. The aqueous solution may additionally contain a halogen ion, e.g. chlorine supplied by, e.g. including a metal halide or a hydrogen halide in this solution. Examples describe the preparation of MEK, the principal by-product being t - butanol together with smaller amounts of see-butanol, n-butyraldehyde, acetone and 3-chlorobutanone.