baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1045314-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L29/808
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: 1,045,314. Field effect transistors. S. TESZNER. Aug. 4, 1964 [July 26, 1963], No. 30972/64. Heading H1K A field effect transistor comprises a semiconductor wafer of one conductivity type with a layer at one face including source and drain and interconnecting channel regions all of the opposite conductivity type. The channels, which extend in the plane of the layer, are preferably of approximately triangular section, bounded on one side by the wafer-layer interface and on the remaining sides by semi-cylindrical regions of the same conductivity type as the wafer, which extend from the layer surface to the interface. The source and drain regions may be parallel strips as in Fig. 4 with the channels perpendicular to them. Alternatively they are in the form of circular, rectangular or square frames (Fig. 8). The devices are preferably formed by gaseous diffusion from boron trioxide through an oxide mask into a high resistivity N-type surface layer on a P+ silicon wafer. The diffusion forms the half cylindrical gate regions 3 (Fig. 4) which extend to the wafer material and are joined at the surface. The source and drain regions are bounded by further diffused regions 11a and 11b which are connected to the gate regions through the wafer. Ohmic source and drain contacts are provided, preferably on areas pre-diffused with phosphorus by evaporation of gold-antimony through a mask followed by alloying. The gate contact may be made to the back of the wafer, or to the surface of any of regions 6, 11a and 11b. The Fig. 8 arrangement comprises two devices with a common connection to gates 25, 26. They may be operated in series using contacts 32, 34 as source and drain or in parallel with 32, 34 as sources and 30 as common drain.
Patent GB-533810-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with electric arc furnaces
IPC: F27B3/10
Filed: 1939-11-28
Abstract: 533,810. Electric furnaces. KELLY, T. D. Nov. 28, 1939, No. 30983. [Class 39 (iii)] In an electric arc furnace suitable for the fusion of limestone and carbonaceous materials or for the hydrogenation of carbonaceous materials, a body 1 of inverted conical form in the upper part, and of upright conical form in the lower part, is provided with a flanged cover 4 secured by bolts 7 with springs 8 which yield if a predetermined internal pressure is exceeded. An extension 9 contains a cathode 10, and a tapping hole 11 is provided for removing liquids or molten metal. Gases may be introduced through an inlet 13 or through the conduit 9 and drawn off through outlets 15, 16. The anode 18 passes through a stuffing box 17. The lower part of the furnace is filled with metal A in contact with the cathode 10. When discharging the furnace after tipping about the trunnions 19, the charge B is readily detached from the solidified metal A, which is retained in the conical base. Specifications 443,099 and 496,937 are referred to.
Patent GB-988838-A (GB)
Title: Check-valve
IPC: F16K15/14
Filed: 1963-08-07
Abstract: 988,838. Valves; pipe joints. J. B. RATELBAND. Aug. 7, 1963 [Sept. 3, 1962], No. 31142/63. Headings F2G and F2V. A check valve comprises a two-part easing 1 and 2 and a core body 3 to define a flow passage therebetween. A flexible sleeve-like diaphragm 5 surrounds the body 3 and is clamped by a collar 6 between the parts 1 and 2. The body 3 is clamped between the parts 1 and 2 by a collar 4. The parts 1 and 2 have sealing faces 10 which abut pipe flanges 9 and bolts 7 extend through recesses 8 on the outer face of the casing to secure the valve together.
Patent GB-173660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical heating units
IPC: H05B3/00
Filed: 1920-11-04
Abstract: 173,660. Cheshire, H., (trading as Cranmer & Cheshire), and Summerhayes, V. Nov. 4, 1920. Heating by electricity.-Four heating-resistance units a, a<1>, b, b<1> attached to a heating utensil, and shown arranged in parallel in Fig. 3, are adapted to be arranged with units a, a<1> in series, units b, b<1> in series, and the pairs of units a, a<1> and b, b<1> in parallel by removing the four conducting links 18 from the positions shown and connecting arc across each pair of terminals 12, 15 and 14, 17,
Patent GB-503249-A (GB)
Title: An improvement in or relating to textile scribbling or carding machines
IPC: D01G15/26
Filed: 1937-11-15
Abstract: 503,249. Carding-engines. STOTT, L. Nov. 15, 1937, No. 31269. [Class 120 (i)] In a scribbling or carding machine an auxiliary card-clothed roller b is provided in front of each worker a, the rollers b rotating faster than the workers a in the opposite direction to the swift c and each roller serving as a cleaning roller for its associated worker and also as an auxiliary worker. The teeth on the rollers b are arranged at the same angle as those on the workers a, and the auxiliary rollers b are rotated at such a speed above that of the workers a as to maintain sharp points on the worker teeth. The surface. speed of the swift c is greater than that of the rollers a and b. The teeth of the swift are.set point to point with those on both the workers a and auxiliary rollers b, but while the teeth are in meeting relation on the members a, c, the teeth on the rollers b are always leaving those on the swift c.
Patent GB-307730-A (GB)
Title: Starting device for electromotors equipped with a clutch
IPC: H02K17/30
Filed: 1927-10-12
Abstract: 307,730. Kaisser, K. Oct. 12, 1927. Divided on 303,578. Automatic starters, operating controller and clutch simultaneously.-A start ing device for an electric motor com. prises a drum switch 33 which when turned by a handle 35 against a spring 37 connects the motor to the line through resistances and is retained in this condition by a stop 40 on the core of a solenoid 39 connected in series with the motor. When the initial rush of current dies down, the solenoid core is drawn away by a spring 47, the stop releasing the drum switch and allowing the spring 37 to move it to the running position when the resistances are short-circuited. The starting device is intended for use with an induction motor arranged with a clutch as described in Specification 303,578. The automatic movement of the switch when short-circuiting resistance may determine the engagement of the clutch.
Patent GB-656221-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for cutting blocks from an extruded continuous length of plastic material
Inventor: ROSE ALFRED GERMAN
IPC: A23G9/28
Filed: 1948-12-03
Abstract: 656,221. Endless conveyers. ROSE BROS. (GAINSBOROUGH), Ltd. Dec. 3, 1948, No. 31302. [Class 78 (i)] [Also in Group V] A moving-belt conveyer 12 receives an extruded rod of plastic material, e.g. ice cream, from extrusion nozzle 13 and conveys it through a freezing chamber 20 to a block-cutting device carrying knife 22. Spikes on a wheel 16 engage the extruded rod and rotate the input shaft of a servo mechanism whose output shaft drives the conveyer 12 by belt 19. The servo mechanism may be operable by mechanical, electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic means. As the extruded rod 11 passes over platform 21 its forward end trips a pivoted feeler 37 which closes an electrical circuit to energize a clutch mechanism actuating the reciprocating cutter which severs a block 23 from the rod 11. The block is passed to a belt conveyer 41 travelling faster than the extruded rod so as to space out the blocks. The conveyer 41 may be actuated by the feeler 37 so that for each cut a pusher or pocket on conveyer 41 is brought into position to receive a block.
Patent GB-601290-A (GB)
Title: Cellulose bleaching
IPC: D21C9/10
Filed: 1945-11-21
Abstract: Viscosity reduction of cellulosic material during bleaching is inhibited by effecting the bleaching with an aqueous solution of pH 1.5 to 4.5 which contains chlorine and a small proportion, e.g. 0.2 to 20.0 parts per million of a nitrogen compound having hydrogen directly attached to nitrogen, expressed as molecular equivalent of ammonia based on the weight of the solution. Suitable nitrogen containing compounds are ammonia, mono- and di-substituted ammonia, and salts thereof.  The bleaching may be carried out in the presence of chloroamine.  In an example, unbleached cotton linters are suspended in water after first removing fats and waxes by digestion in dilute caustic soda, sulphuric acid is added in amount equal to 0.06 per cent of the weight of the slurry, followed by 1.0 parts of ammonia per million of slurry.  After heating to 86 DEG  F., 0.03 per cent of chlorine is added as calcium hypochlorite.  Purification of the cellulose may be completed by treatment with alkaline hypochlorite.  In other examples, aniline hydrochloride and ammonium sulphate are used as nitrogen containing compounds, but the use of the following also is referred to: toluidine, methyl aniline, benzylamine, diphenylamine, diamylamine, methylamine, ethylamine, diethanolamine, acetamide, formamide, butyric amide, substituted alkyl and aryl amides, urea, methyl urea, ethyl urea, diphenylurea, diethyl urea, urethanes, hydroxylamines, hydrazines, guanidines and chloramines.
Patent GB-985365-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to upholstery fibrous stuffing materials and cushioning articles made therefrom
IPC: A47C27/12
Filed: 1963-08-08
Abstract: Synthetic upholstery fibrous stuffing material consisting of linear condensation polyester e.g. polyethylene terephthalate, fibres having a denier per filament of 25-45, a length of 3-8 inches and 3-10 crimps per inch with a crimp index (I) of 5-25% is made by normal spinning and drawing of filaments, mechanical crimping, stapling by cutting and carding.  I is equal to (Ls-Lc)/Ls x 100, where Ls is the straightened length of the fibre under a tension just sufficient to remove the crimp and Lc is the length of the crimped fibre under no tension.  The "bulk retention" of the material (stated to be "at least 65%") is measured by a test which includes subjecting a filled structure to a repeated cycle of compression and load release.
Patent GB-465889-A (GB)
Title: The manufacture of new acid wool dyestuffs of the anthraquinone series
IPC: C02F5/08
Filed: 1935-11-15
Abstract: Hydroarylaminoanthraquinone derivatives.--Hydroaryl amines are reacted with such anthraquinone derivatives as contain in both a -positions of the one nucleus substituents which are replaceable by amino groups by reaction with amines and in a b -position of the other nucleus a sulphonamide group which contains attached to the nitrogen atom a radicle containing a sulphonic acid group. The dyestuffs thus obtained are soluble in water and dye wool from an acid bath clear blue shades, fast to light.  In examples: (1) 1.4-dichloroanthraquinone - 6 - sulphomethyltauride (obtained from 1.4-dichloroanthraquinone-6-sulphochloride and methyl taurine); and (2) 1.4 - dichloroanthraquinone - 6 - sulphomethylanilido sulphonic acid (obtained from 1.4 - dichloroanthraquinone - 6 - sulphochloride and methyl aniline with subsequent sulphonation) are condensed with hexahydroaniline.  1.4 - Dichloroanthraquinone - 6 - sulphochloride is obtained by reaction of 1.4-dichloroanthraquinone-6-sulphonic acid with phosphorus pentachloride.
Patent GB-965040-A (GB)
Title: A process for the working up of polyolefins suspended in aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons
Inventor: STRIEGLER ARNDT
IPC: C08F6/02
Filed: 1962-08-20
Abstract: Catalyst residues are removed from polyolefines suspended in aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, the polyolefines being obtained using a Ziegler catalyst, by washing the polyolefine suspension with an alcohol or a mixture of an alcohol and water in a proportion of between 0.05 and 2.0% by weight, calculated on the total quantity of suspension.  The washing agent containing the bulk of the catalyst residues is then separated off and washed up in a known manner and the polyolefine suspension is freed in a known manner, preferably by washing with water, from any remaining catalyst residues. If a mixture of alcohol and water is used, the ratio by volume of alcohol to water is preferably 1:1. In the examples: (1) 4000 L. of a polyethylene suspension in light petrol, obtained by polymerizing ethylene using as catalyst TiCl4 and Al(C2H5)2Cl, is treated while stirring with 20 L of ethanol and 10 L. of water.  The catalyst layer is separated off and ethanol is recovered by distillation and titanium is precipitated in the form of titanium oxy-compounds by dissolving the solid residue obtained after the distillation of ethanol in conc.  H2SO4 followed by hydrolysis. The polyethylene suspension is freed from remaining catalyst residues by washing with water.  (2) A polypropylene suspension in light petroleum spirit is treated with a 1:1 mixture of propanol and water.  (3) 800 litres of a polyethylene suspension in heavy petrol is treated with 6 litres of methanol and 400 litres of dispersing agent.
Patent GB-193520-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of plastic masses from mica, asbestos or similar silicates
IPC: C04B14/40
Filed: 1921-11-29
Abstract: Residues of mica, asbestos, talc, and similar silicates are partly or wholly converted into the colloidal state by high-speed mechanical disintegration, preferably in a colloidal mill as described in Specification 155,836; the colloidal solution is subjected to ultra-filtration, dried in vacuo, and moulded under pressure. Dispersion-accelerators such as colloidal silicic acid, alkaline silicates, colloidal zinc oxide, aluminates, sulphite-cellulose liquor, gum arabic, and tannin may be employed. Fillers or binding-agents such as india-rubber, natural or artificial resins, drying oils, olein, and finely-divided clay may be added to the silicate either before or after disintegration.ALSO:Residues of mica, asbestos, talc, and similar silicates are partly or wholly converted into the colloidal state by high-speed mechanical disintegration, preferably in a colloid mill as described in Specification 155,836, [Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], the colloidal solution is subjected to ultra-filtration, dried in vacuo, and moulded under pressure. Dispersion-accelerators such as colloidal silicic acid, alkali silicates, colloidal zinc oxide, aluminates, sulphite-cellulose liquor, gum arabic, and tannin may be employed. Fillers or binding-agents such as india-rubber, natural or artificial resins, drying oils, olein, and finely-divided clay may be added to the silicate either before or after disintegration.
Patent GB-1118313-A (GB)
Title: Purification of water supplies and aqueous wastes
IPC: C02F1/52
Filed: 1965-07-26
Abstract: The flocculation of inorganic coagulants used to clarify aqueous dispensions is enhanced by the use of a coagulant and comprising 1 to 100 parts per million of fly-ash and an organic polyelectrolyte. missing page 218
Patent GB-1533946-A (GB)
Title: Production of optical cables
IPC: C03C25/1065
Filed: 1977-07-29
Abstract: 1533946 Light guides SIEMENS AG 29 July 1977 [30 July 19761 31889/77 Heading G2J A single glass optic fibre or a bundle of such fibres, is coated with a suitable optically clear liquid and then covered by a sheath of resin hardened in situ. Thus the mechanical strength of the guide is enhanced.
Patent GB-305742-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of emulsions and emulsifiers for producing the same
IPC: C08L95/00
Filed: 1927-11-26
Abstract: 305,742. Marks, E. C. R., (Lister et Cie, R.). Nov. 26, 1927. Emulsions, making; sheep dips.-Emulsifying compositions, suitable for the production of bituminous, coal-tar derivative, and oil emulsions, for use on roads and for the manufacture of detergents or sheep dips, comprise a soap and amylaceous water, the mixture being heated to a temperature of about 96‹ C. The soap is formed by the action of a saponifier on resin, vegetable gum, fatty acid, or material containing fatty acid, resin oil, or mixture of these; soapworks' grease or the like may also be an ingredient. The saponification is effected before or after the addition of the amylaceous water according as the temperature required for the saponification reaction is below or above that of the peptonization of the starch employed. Examples of starches suitable for the process are corn, rice, maize, and potato starch. The invention is exemplified as follows (1) To a mixture of 4 parts resin oil, 1 part maize starch and 25 parts of water, heated to 50‹ C. to peptonize the starch, 17 parts of water containing 7 per cent of caustic soda are added and the whole heated to 96‹ C. The product is diluted and may be used as an emulsifier for bitumen, tar oil &c. The resin oil may be replaced by a mixture of clear resin and soap-works grease in the proportion 55 : 45. (2) 25 parts of clear resin heated to 100-120‹ C. are saponified by the addition of 60 parts of 7 per cent caustic soda solution at 80‹ C. and the product cooled to 50‹ C. with cold water. 6 parts of maize starch with sufficient water to make 200 parts of water in all are then added and the whole heated gradually to 96‹ C. To prepare a bitumen emulsion 30 parts of emulsifier in 370 parts of water at 90‹ C. and 600 parts of bitumen at 130‹ C. may be led together through an homogenizer.
Patent GB-430294-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical tele-metering apparatus
IPC: G08C19/06
Filed: 1934-11-06
Abstract: 430,294. Electric signalling systems. SIEMENS & HALSKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. Nov. 6, 1934, No. 31914. Convention date, Aug. 11. [Class 40 (i)] In a telemetering system for signalling to a distance the positions of apparatus of the type wherein a coil b is movable in an alternating field and the derived current is rectified by rectifiers i for transmission to distant D.C. instruments l, m, an auxiliary coil n, wound on the field magnet c, is connected in series with the coil b so as to render the alternating potential unidirectional irrespective of the position of coil b on either side of its zero potential position, prior to the application to the rectifier. This arrangement produces approximately double voltage in the signalling circuit, and permits double the range of movement of the transmitting coil. The arrangement may also produce a minimum unidirectional current which is above zero and therefore provides a supervisory current for the signalling lines. In the event of a fault, such as an interruption of line, the indicating instrument m becomes de-energized and moves backwards to indicate the fault.
Patent GB-655966-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrostatic electron lens systems
Inventor: MAYO BERNARD JOSEPH
IPC: H01J31/50
Filed: 1948-12-10
Abstract: 655,966. Cathode-ray tubes. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Dec. 10, 1948, No. 31955. [Class 39 (i)] An electron-optical system for focusing a composite electron beam produced by a plane source, such as a photocathode 9, comprises an electron lens having tubular electrodes 10... 13 and producing a field 15 causing the electron pencils 16 to converge, and a second lens, comprising electrodes 13, 14, which focus the pencils 16 on or near a target or fluorescent screen 4. By giving electrode 14 a positive potential which is less than 0.4 of the potential applied to electrode 13, the focus points 18 of the pencils are formed near the screen 4 and so the curvature of the image is reduced. Examples of the sizes of the electrodes and of the potentials are given.
Patent GB-297307-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for cold edge-rolling or flanging circular metal blanks
IPC: B21D19/04
Filed: 1927-11-29
Abstract: 297,307. Charvin, F. Sept. 17, 1927, [Convention date]. Rolling discs; axial rolling; cold rolling.- Discs u are edge rolled between a series' of coacting rolls G mounted in slides C which are reciprocated by cams K adjustably mounted in a toothed ring A driven by toothed and chain gearing from a shaft A<2>. The ring A is also provided with a cam E for actuating a clamping member D. The rolls are driven by pinions S<1>, and universal joints R on driving shafts having telescopic couplings T.
Patent GB-303147-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to fuel pumps for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M37/04
Filed: 1928-11-05
Abstract: 303,147. Junkers, H. Dec. 30, 1027, [Convention date]. Oscillating-cylinder pumps.-A pump suitable for deliverying fuel to an internal-combustion engine comprises a cylinder 2 oscillating in a casing 1 and provided with a bore in which a piston 3 is reciprocated by a crank 5. The cylinder has two lateral recesses 12, 13 to which lubricant is supplied by a pipe 11 at a mean pressure higher than the mean pressure of the fuel to be pumped. The recesses are connected by ports 15, 16 to a chamber 14 through which the piston passes, and by passages 20 in the periphery of the cylinder.
Patent GB-281667-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gas meters
IPC: G01F3/22
Filed: 1927-11-30
Abstract: 281,667. Knauer, A. M., Elster, J., Gorz, L. Haas-, Weichelt, E., and Haas, P., (trading as Gasmesserfabrik Mainz, Elster & Co.). Dec. 1, 1926, [Convention date]. Addition to 264,153. Gas meters.-In a gas meter constructed according to the parent specification the use of joints or stuffing boxes in the partition 27 is obviated by the crank shaft 12 being mounted wholly within the gas inlet chamber 28 and the valves 21 in the gas inlet chamber being operated by the crank shaft through connecting rods 25 while the valves 14 in the gas outlet chamber 29 are operated by rods 47 arranged in the measuring chambers. The rods 47 connect pins 46, 48 extending from the valves through slot-like extensions in the valve ports. The valves are formed with tongues 49 which cover the extensions in the valve ports and may carry valve guiding means. The spindles 6, 7 which are oscillated by the diaphragm in the measuring chambers so as to rotate the crank shaft 12 are arranged so that both project into the gas inlet chamber 28.
Patent GB-1400607-A (GB)
Title: Sampling of flow9ng suspensions
IPC: G01N1/20
Filed: 1972-07-11
Abstract: 1400607 Sampling flowing liquids PICKANDS MATHER & CO 11 July 1972 [12 July 1971] 32412/72 Heading B8N A device for use in sampling a slurry, e.g. of abrasive material flowing in a pipe, comprises a sampling tube 7 axially slidable in a connecting arrangement 4, which, in use, mounts the device on a neck defining an opening 3 communicating with the interior of the pipe. A double acting hydraulic or pneumatic ram 13 effects the movement of the tube. In operation, with the tube extending into the pipe, slurry will pass via port 9 and the tube duct 8 to an outlet 11. Movement of the tube outwardly will result in abutment of a resilient, abrasive-resistant member 10 with a collar 4a, and in this position (see Fig. 2) the member 10 will close the opening 3 and its concave surface will conform to the interior surface of the pipe. Flushing fluid may now be introduced via valve controlled inlet 14, and duct 15 into the duet 8 adjacent the port 9. In a modification (Fig. 3, not shown), the flushing fluid may be introduced via a pipe positioned within the duct 8.
Patent GB-448989-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in building walls
IPC: E04B2/02
Filed: 1935-11-22
Abstract: 448,989. Building blocks. MUNSON, L. S., 409, Calvert Street, Hyattsville, near West Riverdale, Maryland, U.S.A. Nov. 22, 1935, No. 32428. [Class 87 (i)] [See also Group XV] A building-block comprises a rectangular body with a rib 8 on one face, the rib having canted sides and bevelled corners 14, and, in the opposite face, a recess 9 parallel to the rib and of a shape complementing the apex of the rib. The recess is of less depth than the rib, to leave spaces 13 on either side of the rib, which are filled with mortar. Grooves 15 key the jointing mortar. At the corner of a wall, blocks 7 narrower and shorter than the ordinary blocks are used, in combination with plain blocks 16, the blocks 7 having no rib and being shortened on one side of the recess. The blocks may be made in miniature for use as toys.