baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-805508-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of regenerated protein threads, fibres, filaments and the like
Inventor: WORMELL ROBERT LOUIS
IPC: D01F4/00
Filed: 1956-08-24
Abstract: Regenerated protein threads are produced by extruding an aqueous alkaline solution of a protein into an acid-coagulating bath in which are dissolved one or more salts having an astringent action on the thread produced, e.g. sodium sulphate and aluminium sulphate, and a trivalent chromium salt in such proportion that the bath contains the equivalent of at least 10 grams per litre of Cr2O3, stretching the resultant thread at least 100 per cent in a salt bath containing a trivalent chromium salt at a temperature of at least 50 DEG  C., e.g. 60-65 DEG  C., and hardening the stretched thread in a salt bath also containing a trivalent chromium salt.  The coagulating bath may be maintained between ordinary temperature and about 50 DEG  C.  The hardening bath may contain additional hardening agents such as formaldehyde.  The threads may be subjected to a heat-stabilizing step between the stretching and hardening stages by holding them under tension, but without stretching, for up to one minute in one or more salt baths containing a trivalent chromium salt at a temperature of at least 60 DEG  C.  Suitable water-soluble trivalent chromium salts are chromium sulphate, chrome alum and basic chromium sulphate. The threads obtained may be subjected to a further hardening treatment, with or without a chromium salt, or to a known insolubilizing process such as the cyanate treatment described in Specification 701,645.  The threads contain chemically combined chromium and possess a marked resistance to hot liquids and improved fire resistance.  Specifications 502,710 and 565,011, [both in Group IV], also are referred to.
Patent GB-660527-A (GB)
Title: A device for use in handling or displaying garments
IPC: A47F8/02
Filed: 1949-10-10
Abstract: 660,527. Garment hangers. GRIFFIN S. J. and SEXTON, R. V. Oct. 10, 1949. No. 25911/49. Class 52 (v). [Also in Group XVII] A device for supporting or displaying garments with shoulder straps comprises a blank 1 of sheet material shaped to support the upper part 5 of a garment and having inverted T-shaped slots 9 to receive the shoulder straps 3. Flaps 16, 17 provide a recess for a show card 15. A hook enables the device to be suspended. Notches 20 are provided to support other garments. Specification 195,913, [Class 52 (v)], is referred to.
Patent GB-1175729-A (GB)
Title: Attaching Means for Securing one Member to Another Member
IPC: A47L9/22
Filed: 1967-06-05
Abstract: 1,175,729. Fastenings. NATIONAL UNION ELECTRIC CORP. 5 June, 1967 [16 June, 1966], No. 25918/67. Heading E2A. [Also in Division F1] Means for securing two parts together, e.g. a cup-shaped fan housing 19 to a stator assembly 23, comprises tabs 32, formed by cutting the side wall of the housing, so that when the housing is moved upwardly from the position shown in Fig. 2 to enclose the stator assembly, the tabs 32 may be bent inwardly, Fig. 5, so that their inclined lower edges 42 engage reaction surfaces 31 of the assembly, thus exerting a camming action and clamping the housing to the stator. Arms 43, extending axially from the stator, are formed with recesses 54, which engage in pockets 47, struck from the side wall of the housing, to limit upward movement of the housing over the stator. The recesses 54 have inclined side walls 55, which help in angularly positioning the housing relative to the stator.
Patent GB-978001-A (GB)
Title: Extruder for plastic materials
IPC: B29C48/69
Filed: 1962-07-06
Abstract: 978,001. Extrusion machines. NATIONAL RUBBER MACHINERY CO. July 6, 1962 [Nov. 13, 1961], No. 26028/62. Heading B5A. A breaker plate assembly 25 located between an extruder screw 4 and a die 6 is provided with a rotary valve device 43 comprising a flattened nozzle 47 adapted to register with a limited number of the breaker plate apertures to permit a reverse flow of material through the latter to remove plugs therefrom. The nozzle 47 is vented to the atmosphere through a pipe 46. The breaker plate assembly comprises perforated plates 26, 27 keyed together and clamping between them a screen pack 29. The device 43 may be rotated by an electric or hydraulic motor energized by a pressure responsive element when a predetermined back pressure is attained upstream of the breaker plate assembly. U.S.A. Specifications 2,661,497, 2,763,308, 2,771,636, 2,786,504 and 2,838,084 are referred to.
Patent GB-389510-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to axial flow screw fans
IPC: F04D29/64
Filed: 1931-09-17
Abstract: 389,510. Screw fans. ADAMCIKAS, M. and MASSERA, G., Astor House, Aldwych, London. Sept. 17, 1931, No. 26108. [Class 110 (i).] An axial-flow screw fan 1 is driven by an electric motor 3 and the set is supported by brackets 5 and arms 6 in the casing 13. Tapered bolts 7 pass through the brackets 5 and arms 6 and are tightened by nuts 8. Other nuts 9 are provided to prevent the bolts from dropping when the nuts 8 are released. Stream-lined farings 2, 8, 4 are attached to the parts, and the outer ends of the arms 6 have lugs 11 secured by bolts 12 to the fan casing. To dismantle the apparatus the bolts 12 and nuts 8 are released so that the tapered bolts fall to the extent permitted by the nuts 9. The supporting arms 6 can then be swung about the bolts 7 and the pump set can be removed from the casing. In a modification a steel ring is embedded in a concrete casing and has stream-lined lugs on which the arms 6 rest.
Patent GB-610531-A (GB)
Title: Stabilized silver halide emulsions
IPC: G03C1/34
Filed: 1945-10-09
Abstract: 610,531. Photographic material containing anti-fogging substances. GENERAL ANILINE & FILM CORPORATION. Oct. 9, 1945, No. 26334. Convention date, Oct. 6, 1944. [Class 98 (ii)] A photographic silver halide emulsion contains or is in contact with a layer (e.g. a backing, intermediate, subbing, protective or baryta layer) containing an anti-fogging mixture comprising a sulphinic or seleninic acid or salt thereof and a cystine compound of one of the formulµ wherein R is H or alkyl, R1 is H, acetyl, benzoyl, bromopropionyl, chloroacetyl, carbaminyl, phenylacetyl, alpha-aminopropionyl, carbobenzoxy, benzosulphonyl, or guanyl, R3 is benzylidene or substituted benzylidene, and Y represents the atoms to complete a heterocyclic ring system. Cystine compounds specified are cystine, dicarbobenzoxycystine, di - N - benzyldibenzene - sulphonyleystine, diguanylcystine, diglycylcystine, dichloracetylcystine, diacetylcystine, dibenzoylcystine, bis-alpha-bromopropionyl-cystine, and dibenzosulphonyloystine (formula I); dibenzylidenecystine (barium salt) (formula II); and dialanylcystine anhydride, diguanylcystine anhydride, cystine hydantoin, cystine phenyl hydantoin, cystine-bis-1-acetyl-2-thiohydantoin and cystine disulphoxide (formula III). The mixture may be added to the emulsion during mixing, during ripening, or immediately prior to coating. Some compounds are more effective in acid emulsions, and others in ammonia type emulsions. With sodium benzenesulphinate, traces of cystine derivatives may be added to the solution and the latter heated for 30 minutes at 50‹ C. Examples are given of the addition to gelatin silver halide emulsions of mixtures of (a) sodium benzenesulphinate and 1-cystine (in sodium carbonate solution) (emulsion pH 8); (b) sodium benzeneseleninate and 1-cystine phenyl hydantoin (emulsion pH 8); (c) sodium benzenesulphinate and alpha-diguanyl cystine (in sodium hydroxide solution) (emulsion pH 6.5); (d) sodium benzenesulphinate and the barium salt of dibenzylidenecystine; and (e) sodium benzenesulphinate and diguanylcystine anhydride.
Patent GB-1039014-A (GB)
Title: Drawing synthetic thermoplastic yarn
Inventor: BERGWERK WALTER
IPC: D02J1/22
Filed: 1964-06-25
Abstract: 1,039,014. Apparatus for drawing filamentary yarns. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. June 3, 1965 [June 25, 1964], No. 26348/64. Heading B5B. A process for the high-speed uniform drawing of filamentary yarns composed of thermoplastic synthetic organic polymers comprises heating yarn to a desired drawing temperature by a stream of liquid directed into the path of the yarn just prior to passage of the yarn over snubbing means arranged close to but not in direct contact with said stream. Preferably, the yarn in its passage over the snubbing means is caused to change direction sharply thereby throwing off liquid entrainedin it. The yarn may remain substantially undrawn in its passage through the liquid stream. Preferably, the liquid is one which does not attack the yarn, water being preferred, and a lubricating or other substance may be dissolved or dispersed in the water. The stream of liquid may be co-current or counter-current to the direction of travel of the yarn. Specified yarn materials include polyethylene terephthalate, nylon 66 or polypropylene. Apparatus for drawing filamentary yarns composed of thermoplastic synthetic organic polymers comprises means for supplying yarn to a drawing device, means for withdrawing yarn from the drawing device at a higher rate than the supply rate and means for collecting the drawn yarn, wherein the drawing device comprises a supply of temperaturecontrolled liquid, and means for directing the stream of the liquid into the path of the incoming yarn just prior to passing the yarn over snubbing means, whereby the yarn is raised to the desired drawing temperature, said snubbing means being out of direct contact with the liquid stream and so cause in operation a sudden change of direction of the yarn, whereby liquid entrained in the yarn is thrown off. The snubbing means may be one or a number of cylindrical metal or ceramic pins and the yarn supplying and withdrawing means may be rollers. The withdrawing roller may be heated. In Fig. 1, liquid at a required temperature is supplied through inlet 1 to directing means 2 which has the form of a truncated flume 4 mounted in container 3. Liquid flows through the narrow end of the flume across the path of entering yarn 5 just before the yarn is passed over the first of a series of three snubbing pins 6, whereon the tension is raised and drawing occurs. The snubbing pins are mounted on a carrier 7 which is attached to a cover 8 of the container 3, the whole being demountable to facilitate stringing up of the yarn. The used liquid is carried away by outlet 9 to waste or to temperature-controlled reservoirs. Spun yarn is supplied to the drawing device from package 10 by a feed roll/idler roll combination 11, optionally by way of a tension control device 12. Drawn yarn leaves the drawing device by a draw roll/idler roll combination 13 and is collected on a package 14.
Patent GB-749392-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L23/16
Filed: 1953-09-24
Abstract: 749,392. Semi-conductor devices. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. Sept. 24, 1953 [Oct. 22, 1952; Oct. 23, 1952], No. 26378/53. Class 37. A semi-conductor device having alloy junction emitter and collector electrodes comprises a large cooling member connected to the collector electrode to dissipate heat from the collector junction. Fig. 1 shows a junction transistor comprising a germanium wafer 2, and indium-germanium alloy portions 4 and 5 with PN junctions 15 and 16. A wire 10 and a copper cooling member 8 are electrically and thermally connected to the indium portions, by means of a saturated or nearly saturated solution of indium in mercury which is applied by wetting one or both surfaces. Tin chloride may be used as a flux. If the temperature of the device is raised after application, and then cooled, the solution becomes supersaturated and solidifies. The transistor is coated with coil dope 13 and a paint layer 14, and potted in synthetic resin 17. The solution may comprise other metals in place of indium. Aluminium, gallium and zinc are also specified as acceptor impurities. In Fig. 2, which also shows a junction transistor, the indium-germanium alloy portions are connected to copper radiating plates 122, 128, by a bonding material 124 consisting of indium or other acceptor material, or by a low-melting point solder. Copper plate 130 provides the base connection, and the surface regions are coated with a layer 135 of polystyrene. In a modification, the plates 122, 128 are provided with an apertured depressed central portion, and a drop of bonding material is dropped through the hole to bond the indium alloy portion to the plate. Cooling fins may be provided on plates 122 and 128. The base electrode plate 130 may be attached to a heat transmitting insulating sheet on a chassis. Silicon may be used in place of germanium.
Patent GB-868118-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to optical systems for television projection
Inventor: RIDGEWAY DENIS VICTOR
IPC: H04N5/74
Filed: 1956-08-30
Abstract: 868,118. Optical projection systems. PYE Ltd. Aug. 30,1957 (Aug. 30, 1956], No. 26547/56. Class 97(1) In order to improve the contrast in the image projected from the rectangular picture area of a cathode ray tube 1 having a part spherical screen 3, the usual concave spherical mirror has a non-reflective rectangular area 8 provided, for example, by a paint layer or an aperture. The screen 3 of the cathode ray tube may have a non-reflecting margin defining a rectangular picture area having dimensions not greater than half the corresponding dimensions of the area 8. 6 is the usual Schmidt corrector plate. The cathode ray tube screen 3 and the mirror 1 are preferably concentric. Specification 627,673 is referred to.
Patent GB-826981-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photometers
IPC: G01J1/16
Filed: 1956-08-31
Abstract: 826,981. Photo-electric photometers. LEITZ G.m.b.H., E. Aug. 31, 1956 [Sept. 2, 1955], No. 26637/56. Class 40 (3). A photometer comprises two bolometers 64 connected in push-pull, which are alternately irradiated, first by light (from a source 53) which has passed through a sample cell 60 and then by light from the same source which has passed through an empty comparison cell 59. The light is split by a partial mirror 54 and alternately reflected and passed by a rotating mirror 57 to a monochromator 58 whence it is reflected alternately at a higher speed to each bolometer 64. An alternating current is set up in a transformer 65 which is amplified at 66. Eccentrics keyed to the rotating mechanism 62 operate switches 23 and 68 which control a circuit 69 comprising two capacitors shunted respectively by a potentiometer 24 and a resistor, the charging of one capacitor being delayed (by a line of inductances and capacitors) so that both are charged and discharged synchronously, an adjustable resistor for compensating voltage losses and a further potentiometer varying the time constant. The output 51 of the circuit representing the quantity to be determined is amplified at 71 to energize a servomotor 70 to zero the tapping of the potentiometer 24. The quantity is also recorded. Ring modulators controlled by waste light from the mirrors 57, 61 may replace the switches 23 and 68. Photo-cells or thermocouples may replace the bolometers. A mirror arrangement is described wherein one mirror is mounted on a hollow shaft through which extends a further shaft on which is mounted the other mirror which rotates by friction with the edge of the first mirror (Fig. 3, not shown).
Patent GB-389838-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric telegraphic systems
Filed: 1931-09-24
Abstract: 389,838. Code telegraphy. ELECTRICAL RESEARCH PRODUCTS, Inc., 195, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Knoop, W. A.; 36, St. Paul Road South, Hempstead, New York, U.S.A.) Sept. 24, 1931, No. 26684. Convention date, Oct. 8, 1930. [Class 40 (iii).] In a system for interpolating lost impulses a polarized relay is controlled by a pair of valves, and impulses are stored in a condenser of small capacity. In the absence of effective signals from the line 28 a succession of unit impulses is registered under control of the valve 2 as follows. Whenever the brush 31 passes over an even segment 16 of the interpolating distributer 14, a charge of positive or negative polarity, as the case may be, is drawn through armature 5a and stored on condenser 4. When the brush reaches the succeeding odd segment 17, a small portion of the charge is discharged through resistance 11 and charges the grid of valve 2 positively' or negatively as the case may be. The balance between valves 1, 2 is thus upset in such a direction that the armature 5a is reversed, so that when brush 31 reaches another even segment 16 the polarity of the charge on condenser 4 is reversed also. In this manner the armature 5a and consequently the printer-relay armature 18a are caused to vibrate. Reversal of armature 18a is effected at an instant when brush 30 is on a dead segment of distributer 15, but an impulse of the resulting polarity is passed to a printer magnet 32 when brush 30 reaches the corresponding segment. Thus, in the absence of effective line signals, a succession of impulses of opposite polarity is registered by magnets 32. When, however, a signal comprises two or more successive impulses of the same polarity the line signal is strong enough to act through valve 1 so as to overpower the effect of valve 2 on magnet 5, so that the vibration of armature 5a is prevented for as long as the signal lasts. The Specification refers to a known system in which the impedance of one of the valves is balanced against a linear impedance instead of against a second valve. The capacity of condenser 4 may be small and the resistance 11 may be such that only a small fraction of the charge on the condenser is discharged during the passage of brush 31 over a segment 17. The network comprising meter 6 and resistances 7, 8 regulates the sensitivity of the relay 5.
Patent GB-1037647-A (GB)
Title: Surface-active sulpho-betaines
IPC: C11D3/00
Filed: 1963-07-05
Abstract: Surface-active suphobetaines containing hydroxyl groups ar obtained by reacting tertiary monoamines containing at least one hydrophobic residue, a residue containing at lest 8 carbon atoms, straight-or branched-chain and possibly substituted, with epichlorohydrin in the presence of water and base-binding agents, and reacting the quaternary ammonium salts containing a chlorohydrin group with salts of sulphurous acid.  The formation of the quaternary ammonium salt and the reaction of the quaternary ammonium salt containing a chlorohydrin group with salts of sulphurous acid may be carried out in two separate stages, or in one stage by use of acid salts of sulphurous acid as base-binding agents.  Specified tertiary monoamines are those of the formula <FORM:1037647/C2/1> wherein Q and, if desired, also R2 represent hydrophobic straight- or branched-chain aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon residues containing 8-22 carbon atoms; R1 and, if desired, R2, represent straight- or branched-chain aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon residues each containing not more than 7 carbon atoms which may be linked with one another directly or via an intermediate hetero atom, and when Q and R2 represent hydrophobic residues, the sum of the carbon atoms contained therein should not exceed 36.  In the two-stage process, the first stage is preferably carried out at between 0 DEG  and 100 DEG  C. and in aqueous solution at a pH not higher than 8, and the second stage is preferably carried out by reaction with sodium sulphite at between 40 DEG  and 200 DEG C.  Specified acid salts of sulphurous acid for use in the one stage process are sodium bisulphite and sodium pyrosulphite. Other base-binding agents which may be used are mineral acids, e.g. hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid or acid salts thereof; and organic carboxylic or sulphonic acids.  Examples are given in which the starting amine is dimethyl-dodecylamine, -hexadecylamine, -n-octylamine or -coconut-alkylamine.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 989,495.
Patent GB-804156-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to coin-operated mechanism for self-service liquid fueldispensing pumps
IPC: G07F13/02
Filed: 1957-08-23
Abstract: 804,156. Coin-freed fuel dispensing pumps. BRUNINK. H.. and BRUNINK, A. E. L. Aug. 23. 1957 [Aug. 24, 1956], No. 26704/57. Class 27 A coin-freed liquid fuel dispensing pump comprises computer and metering mechanism M, a rotary coin holder D driven in unison with the computer by a chain DS or gear drive and a coin shoot A for delivering coins in sequence to be received in recesses 7 in the holder, where they depress the offset end 2 of a counterbalanced switch arm B and thus operate a mercury switch 15 for energizing the fuel pump. The offset end 2 normally lies across the outlet end of the coin shoot but. when depressed by a coin, it moves along a groove 11 in the recess and, as the coin holder is rotated, it is held depressed by a circular groove 12a until the groove 11 of the next recess comes opposite it. If there is no coin in the groove, the end 2 will move up the groove and the switch 15 will be operated to stop the pump motor but, if a coin was available in the shoot, an enlargement at 13 ensures that it enters the recess in time to maintain the end 2 depressed. The circuit through the switch 15 to the pump is not completed until the supply hose is removed from its support to operate a switch HS. The computer must be returned to zero, to open a shutter in the coin slot and to align a recess 7 with the coin shoot, before further coins can be inserted to obtain a further supply of fuel.
Patent GB-519045-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to sparking-plugs
IPC: H01T13/32
Filed: 1938-09-13
Abstract: 519,045. Sparking-plugs. K.L.G. SPARKING PLUGS, Ltd., CARINGTON, C. M., and SHOOBERT, G. W. Sept. 13, 1938, No. 26721. [Class 7 (iv)] The inner end of the plug casing is bored cylindrically and obliquely to the main axis, the gap between the terminals 20, 21 being situated in the space left by the tapered end of the insulator. All leakage paths over the insulator are approximately equal in length.
Patent GB-426207-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the case hardening of alloy steels by nitrogenisation
IPC: C23C8/50
Filed: 1933-09-28
Abstract: Alloy steels are nitrogenized by immersing them in a fused salt bath containing an alkali metal cyanamide such as sodium cyanamide, the bath being free from substantial amounts of alkaline earth compounds and having a temperature below 600 DEG  C., preferably 500-550 DEG C.  The salt bath contains also inorganic salts which do not react with the cyanamide and which lowers the melting point of the mixture such as sodium and/or potassium cyanide or a low melting mixture of lithium, sodium and potassium chloride.  Access of air to the bath during the nitrogenization may be prevented by covering the bath with a layer of finely divided graphite or charcoal.  In an example, an alloy steel containing 1,24 per cent of aluminium, 1,58 of chromium, 0,51 of manganese, 0,2 of molybdenum, 0,33 of carbon and 0,20 of silicon was immersed in a salt bath composed of about equal parts of potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide and sodium cyanamide at about 538 DEG  C.  Specification 314,423, [Class 72], is referred to.
Patent GB-349395-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to high potential dynamo-electric machines
IPC: H02K3/40
Filed: 1930-09-08
Abstract: 349,395. Coils ; insulation. SIEMENSSCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. Sept. 8, 1930, No. 26774. Convention date, Sept. 9, 1929. Drawings to Specification. [Class 35.] In a high-potential dynamo-electric machine, the insulated sleeves of the bolts which retain the coil ends, and the insulated coil ends themselves in the vicinity of these bolts, are provided with a semiconducting coating, such as graphite paint or asbestos ribbon, to minimize glow discharge. Preferably the bolts and coils are brought into contact.