baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-438656-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of cellulose acetate filaments and threads
IPC: D06M11/05
Filed: 1934-02-12
Abstract: Continuous filaments of cellulose acetate and threads consisting of such filaments are subjected to a stretching operation in the presence of saturated or wet steam under pressure and at a temperature above 120 DEG  C.  The stretching operation may be carried out on the materials during the course of their travel from one point to another, e.g. a number of threads may be stretched simultaneously while running from one creel of bobbins to another.  A suitable apparatus for carrying out the stretching operation is described in Specification 438,584.  According to the conditions of stretching, the products may be either such that the individual filamentary character of the threads is preserved, or such that the individual filaments are fused together.  Favourable conditions for avoiding fusion are obtained by causing the steam to impinge upon the materials immediately after their entry into the steam chamber.  The stretched materials may be subjected to any desired after-treatments, e.g. to treatments to cause shrinkage as described in Specification 389,823, or partial or substantially complete saponification. Specifications 177,868, 179,234, 316,521, 318,468, [all in Class 2 (ii)], 340,324, 340,325, 340,436, 340,437, 343,062, 370,430, 402,104, 402,105, 402,106, 403,106; 424,683, 424,752, 424,830, and 424,879, [all in Group IX], also are referred to.
Patent GB-843678-A (GB)
Title: A bag for knitting accessories
IPC: A45F3/48
Filed: 1957-10-18
Abstract: 843,678. Knitting. OTZENBERGER, J. Sept. 29, 1958 [Oct. 18, 1957], No. 30963/58. Class 74 (2). [Also in Group XVII] A bag 3 is provided with two cup-like elements la, 1b fitted at their closed ends with recesses 10 for securing elastic draw-strings 2 which pass through the hollow seamed edges of the bag. Knitting needles N are held by the elements 1a, 1b while the workpiece and woolballs can be carried in the bag, which has a handle 33 and a flap 31.
Patent GB-309662-A (GB)
Abstract: 309,662. Henley's Tyre & Rubber Co., Ltd., and Traxler, J. Feb. 6, 1928. Metal pipes.-Pipes are heat-insulated by coating them before assembly with a composition comprising rubber and a material containing or capable of forming, large numbers of small pores. The composition is preferably applied before vulcanization. Powdered or granulated cork, which may comprise more than 75 per cent of the volume of the composition, is a. suitable addition, and may be incorporated in a mixing mill. A typical composition is 47 per cent by weight of rubber, 35 per cent of cork, 3 per cent of sulphur, 14¢ per cent of barytes, and ¢ per cent of accelerator.
Patent GB-536945-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in telephone systems
IPC: H04M1/68
Filed: 1939-11-28
Abstract: 536,945. Exchange systems; secret telephony. TELEPHONE MANUFACTURING CO., Ltd., and PADDLE, L. H. Nov. 28, 1939, No. 30969. [Class 40 (iv)] In an exchange system, a subscriber who has secrecy facilities is provided with two lines to the exchange associated with separate connecting circuits, one of which includes secrecy equipment such as a frequency inverting device. The secrecy equipment may be in the line circuit but is preferably common to a number of subscribers. In the manual exchange system shown, a subscriber has a "normal" instrument 5 and a "secrecy" instrument 6 connected by lines 3, 4 to jacks 1, 2. In the case of a normal call, the operator extends the connection over a normal cord circuit 10 and jacks 14 to a line 16 but if secrecy is desired, she extends the connection over cord 13 to jack 15 which is connected to line 16 over a secrecy device 17. If the call is to another exchange, the connection thereat is completed over further secrecy equipment to reconstitute speech, but if the call is to a local subscriber reconstitution is effected at the called substation. Change from a normal call to a secret one may be signalled to the operator by lifting the secret instrument, suitable arrangements being provided for holding the connection, and facilities may be provided for the operator to talk to the calling party over the secret line. In the case of an automatic exchange, the secret line terminates in a finder switch which extends the connection over secrecy equipment. A revertive signal may indicate to the subscriber the establishment of a secret connection. Specification 531,318 is referred to.
Patent GB-973163-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to crystal filters
Inventor: CHESTER ALAN SYDNEY
IPC: H03H11/12
Filed: 1961-08-29
Abstract: 973,163. Filters; transistor amplyfying circuits. MINISTER OF AVIATION. Aug. 14, 1962 [Aug. 29, 1961], No. 31047/61. Headings H3T and H3U.  A crystal filter comprises a piezo-electric element feeding an amplifier of the virtual earth type, an input series resistance ,R 0  to the amplifier providing a resistive termination for the element, and an antiphase neutralizing capacitative path having a series resistance equal to R 0  and connected between the input and the virtual-earth point of the amplifier. In Fig. 3, the crystal is denoted by its equivalent circuit L, C, r, Co and the neutralizing capacitor Cn, made equal to the parallel capacitance Co, is included to eliminate the effect of this capacitance. The use of the virtual-earth termination eliminates the shunting effect of Co and Cn. The Specification gives a mathematical analysis of the circuit in which it is shown that the maximum obtainable bandwidth is given by #f/f R 0 /2wL = C/2Co. Since the theoretical minimum for Co/C is about 125, the minimum for Q will be 250. The lowest Q is obtained by using X-cut bars in the region 50-200 kc./s. Above 200 kc./s. CT and DT cuts are used and above 500 kc./s. ET cuts. Where two crystals are used (Fig. 7) in a half-lattice arrangement, the neutralization may be mutual. The crystals are fed in antiphase and are connected to an amplifier of the virtual-earth type comprising two transistors TAA, TAB. The transistors may be replaced by a pentode valve. In the multiple filter arrangement of Fig. 10, each filter comprises two crystals, e.g. CB, CA1, connected in a half-lattice arrangement. Each crystal is shared between adjacent channels, so that for n channels only n + 1 crystals are necessary.
Patent GB-318041-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in razor sharpeners
IPC: B24D15/08
Filed: 1928-10-26
Abstract: 318,041. Alland, M. Oct. 26, 1928. Boxes combined with razor-sharpening appliances; fittings, internal.-A device for sharpening razors consists of a box having a hinged lid 1 and walls 3 - - 6, the top wall 6 having therein an opening 7 and an aperture 8 communicating with an aperture 9 in the end wall 5, and also having, beneath the aperture 8, a recessed part 10 and at its other end a block 11 having therein a socket 12. The razor blade 32 is mounted on a bar 13 and is sharpened by two rollers 50 carried on shafts 51 journalled in the wall 5 and in a partition 37. The box is adapted to contain a razor 39, which is supported in a hole in the partition and by a cylindrical casing 42, and a partitioned drawer 45. is provided in the box to contain blades; the drawer slides beneath a horizontal extension 44 of the partition.
Patent GB-952911-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to time switches
Inventor: BOWEN NOEL MILTON
IPC: G04C23/16
Filed: 1961-08-29
Abstract: 952,911. Retractive switches. S. SMITH & SONS (ENGLAND) Ltd. Aug. 28, 1962 [Aug. 29, 1961], No. 31145/61. Heading H2B. A switch of the type that is closed by manual rotation of a spindle to wind a clock spring and set a time interval and is opened after the spindle has been driven back for the set time interval is provided with means which gives a snap action to both operations of the switch. A spindle 11, connected to a clockwork (not shown) via a friction clutch, carries a disc 13 having a pin 14 for co-operation with a slot 15 in a pivoted cam 16. A cam follower 26 is mounted on a pivot pin 28 passing through a slot 27, and is normally held against a stop 31 by a spring 29 and urged towards cam 16 by a spring blade 23 carrying a contact 22. When spindle 11 is turned clockwise the cam 16 is turned anticlockwise about its pivot 9 and a face 17 pivots member 26 against spring 29 until its end 30 slips off the face 17. Member 26 is then rapidly restored by the spring 29, the cam face 18 forcing it downwards (Fig. 3, not shown) and closing switch contacts 21, 22. Pin 14 leaves slot 15 and allows further travel of the spindle to wind the clock spring to the desired setting. Upon manual release the spindle 11 is driven anticlockwise for the set time and cam 16 is finally rotated clockwise causing the face 18 to slide across the end 30 of member 26 until the face 17 returns to the left of end 30, whereupon member 26 is forced rapidly towards spindle 11 by blade spring 23 and the contacts 21, 22 snap open. A finger 33 trips mechanism 34 to sound an alarm.
Patent GB-936866-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrical signalling and remote control circuit arrangements
Inventor: DICKINSON RONALD SIDNEY
IPC: G08C19/20
Filed: 1961-08-30
Abstract: 936,866. Electric selective signalling systems. ARMSTRONG PATENTS CO. Ltd. July 31, 1962 [Aug. 30, 1961], No. 31160/61. Class 40 (1). In a signalling system a first rotary switch 10, in passing from one rest position to the next, produces a momentary pulse on one of the lines connecting its contacts to corresponding contacts on a remote switch 28. This pulse causes a stepping solenoid 35 to rotate the rotor of switch 28 by one position so that it contacts the line that is next to be energized by switch 10. A visual indicator may be coupled to the rotor.
Patent GB-1508005-A (GB)
Title: Barbed wire
IPC: F41H11/06
Filed: 1975-07-25
Abstract: 1508005 Barbed wire KELLER & KNAPPICH AUGSBURG ZWEIGNIEDERLASSUNG DER INDUSTRIE - WERKE KARLSRUHE AUGSBERG AG 25 July 1975 [31 July 1974] 31163/75 Heading E1B Barbed wire comprises a central longitudinally extending strengthening rib I or wire at the longitudinal central axis of at least two serrated metal strip edges 2, 3, 9, 10 wherein the apices of the serrations are staggered in the longitudinal direction with respect to the centres of their respective bases Two, three or four strip edges may be provided circumferentially offset at 180, 120 or 90 respectively around the rib 1. The barbed wire may be formed by rolling from a round, rectangular or square section bar. When two strip edges are provided several barbed wires may be formed by rolling ribs in a sheet and serrated cutting between each rib, see Fig. 5 (not shown). The wire may be twisted so that the apices lie on a helix or the wire may be wound into a helical form.
Patent GB-1081310-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparation of iodized lecithin
IPC: C07F9/10
Filed: 1966-07-12
Abstract: Iodized lecithin is obtained by adding iodine and comminuted or granular metal, e.g. Mg, Zn, Al, Ti, Mn, Ni, Co, Cd or Cu, to lecithin, e.g. soybean lecithin, dissolved in glacial acetic acid and heating and stirring the solution.  After the reaction the product may be recovered by cooling, filtering, adding ascorbic acid to remove unreacted iodine, distilling off about half of the acetic acid, diluting with water and then extracting with a water-immiscible organic solvent, e.g. trichloroethylene, CHCl3 or CCl4.
Patent GB-783604-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of polymerisable amido compounds
IPC: C08G12/34
Filed: 1953-11-11
Abstract: Acrylamido methylene compounds prepared by condensing urea or melamine in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid first with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde and then with acrylonitrile (see Group IV (b)) may be polymerized or copolymerized according to the methods described in Specifications 779,231 and 779,232.  The examples describe as monomers a crystalline acrylamido methylene urea and a malamine methylene acrylamide.  The monomers may contain free methylol groups, thereby rendering them hardenable.ALSO:Acrylamido methylene compounds are prepared by condensation of urea or melamine in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid first with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde and then with acrylonitrile. Temperatures of about 5 DEG  to 40 DEG  C. are preferred and inert solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and glacial acetic acid may be present.  The resulting reaction mixture may be poured into water and neutralized and the acrylamido product recovered by filtration or solvent extraction.  The products are polymerizable by the methods described in Specifications 779,231 and 779,232 (see Group IV (a)), and may be used in the manufacture of moulding materials, adhesives, lacquers and films and as auxiliary agents in the textile, leather and paper industries.  Products which are also hardenable are obtained when the proportion of reagents used are such that the product contains at least one free methylol group.  Such products are also obtainable by introducing free methylol groups into those products which are otherwise non-hardenable, as when, for example, 1 mol. of urea or melamine is condensed with 1 mol. each of formaldehyde and acrylonitrile. In examples: (1) aqueous formaldehyde and then melamine are added to concentrated sulphuric acid at 5-15 DEG  C., and then acrylonitrile is fed in at 40 DEG  C. yielding a melamine monomethylene acrylamide which may be reacted with formaldehyde in weak alkaline aqueous solution and thereby rendered water-soluble; (2) paraformaldehyde is dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid, urea is added and the temperature held at 10-20 DEG C. for 3 hours whereupon acrylonitrile is added and after 15 hours at room temperature, the reaction mixture is worked up to give crystalline acrylamidomethylene urea.
Patent GB-1270194-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for inhibiting noise in a high speed drum printer
IPC: B41J11/02
Filed: 1970-06-29
Abstract: 1,270,194. Selective printing. BURROUGHS CORP. 29 June, 1970 [17 July, 1969], No. 31324/70. Heading B6F. To attenuate the induced vibrators and noise in a high speed drum printer, a thin tape of material 21, having a low co-efficient of friction, is interposed between the drum 11 and the paper web 15, so that when a hammer 19 strikes the ink ribbon 17 and drives the paper web 15 against the tape 21 and drum 11, the revolving type characters 13 on the drum will slide over the surface of the tape 21, instead of frictionally engaging the surface of the paper web 15. Suitable materials for the tape are polyethylene terephthalate, nylon woven ribbon, cotton woven ribbon, and nylon solid ribbon.
Patent GB-731234-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to brushes and the like
IPC: A46B3/16
Filed: 1953-11-12
Abstract: 731,234. Brushes. WARD, H. H. M. Nov. 12, 1953, No. 31348/53. Class 19. In a brush of the type in which the bristles are replaced by folded strips of rubber which are drawn into holes in the brush back and secured by a thread which passes under the fold, the rubber is considerably wider than the holes so that it is compressed in the holes, flares out from the stock and is folded or creased. Crepe rubber strips are preferred and these may be drawn into tapered holes, the external part being formed into a bell-shape with a longitudinal gap facing inwards.
Patent GB-192041-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in zinc electrolytes
IPC: C25D3/22
Filed: 1922-11-16
Abstract: 192,041. Bianco, C. Jan. 17, 1922, [Convention date]. Zinc, depositing.-An electrolyte for depositing zinc contains sulphuric acid, zinc oxide in excess of the quantity necessary to neutralize the acid so that part remains in suspension, boric acid, and alum. The composition preferred comprises 250-350 parts zinc oxide, 10-25 parts alum, 6-20 parts boric acid, 5-25 parts iron sulphate, 10-25 parts sodium sulphate, 75-100 parts sulphuric. acid, and 644-455 parts water.
Patent GB-844062-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in diazotization processes
IPC: C09B41/00
Filed: 1956-10-15
Abstract: In a process for the diazotization of amines, being an improvement in the process described and claimed in the parent Specification the reactants are introduced into and the products withdrawn from the system continuously and the diazotization is conducted in a plurality of stirring vessels which are arranged in cascade and one or more of which comprise, if desired, a system for withdrawing the reaction mixture from and returning it to the reaction vessel, diazotizing agent and, if desired, acid being introduced in each stage. Apparatus is described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 (not shown) for carrying out the process. Examples relating to the diazotization of 3-nitro-4-amino-toluene are furnished in the second of which provision is made to withdrawn part of the reaction mixture from one of the reactors and, after cooling, to return it to the reactor.
Patent GB-666576-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cloths for filter presses
IPC: B01D35/00
Filed: 1948-12-04
Abstract: 666.576. Filters. HEATH, E. S., and HEATH, W. S. Dec. 5, 1949 [Dec. 4, 1948], No. 31418/48. Class 46 A metallic eyelet forms an apertured connecting member for the two portions of a double filter cloth as used in a multiplate filter press, or forms the mounting for a single filter cloth on a feed pipe in the type of press where a single sheet is folded and located between wooden press members. One portion 3, Fig. 1, of a double cloth is threaded through an aperture 5 in the centre of a press plate 4 and spread over one side of the plate and is connected to the other portion 2 at the top. A metallic eyelet 6 having a flange 7, formed on one side is passed through apertures in the cloth 2, 3, a further flange 8 being formed on the other side by pressing over the tubular part of the eyelet to secure it in position. Strengthening patches comprising one or more extra layers of cloth may be provided adjacent the eyelet or a rubber washer may be inserted between the portions 2, 3 and disposed on the tubular part of the eyelet 6. A single cloth 9, Fig. 2, has mounted in the feed aperture an eyelet 10 on which in turn is mounted a washer 12 abutting the side of the cloth remote from a flange 11. The eyelet is secured in position by turning over the tubular part 13. A strengthening patch 14 may be interposed between the washer 12 and the cloth. The cloth so fitted is secured on a feed pipe nozzle 15 by a screwed washer 17.
Patent GB-341483-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to percussive hand tools
IPC: B25D11/10
Filed: 1929-10-16
Abstract: 341,483. Percussive hand tools. HORWELL, A. E., Redlands, Whitton Road, Twickenham, and HORWELL, A. E., 7, Lansdowne Road, Hounslow, both in Middlesex. Oct. 16, 1929, No. 31450. [Class 124.] The operating cam n coaxial with a spindle rotated by a crank handle r is of relatively large diameter with a number of lifts o, co-operating with a pivoted spring hammer k by means of a pin p, projecting therefrom. The tool is rotated axially by step-down bevel gearing v. The casing is of aluminium and split longitudinally. The working parts are of cast iron with casehardened engaging surfaces.
Patent GB-1359705-A (GB)
Title: Trimethinium salts and their preparation
IPC: C07D/
Filed: 1971-07-05
Abstract: 1359705 Trimethinium salts H G VIEHE and Z JANOUSEK 5 July 1971 [4 July 1970] 31453/71 Heading C2C Novel compounds of general Formula I: in which R<SP>1</SP> represents H, Cl, C 1-18  alkyl or phenyl; R<SP>2</SP> represents C 1-18  alkyl, or the two R<SP>2</SP> substituents together with the adjacent N atom form a heterocyclic ring; R<SP>3</SP> represents C 1-18  alkyl, or the two R<SP>3</SP> substituents together with the adjacent N atom form a heterocyclic ring; and X represents a chlorine or bromine atom, are prepared by reacting a compound of Formula II: with a compound of Formula III: optionally in liquid medium, e.g. an ether, hydrocarbon and/or halohydrocarbon at - 50‹ to +150‹ C. Compounds of Formula IV: may be prepared by hydrolysing a compound of Formula I. Compounds of Formula V: may be prepared by dehydrohalogenation of a compound of Formula I using, e.g., triethylamine. Compounds of Formula VI: may be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula V with a primary amine of formula R<SP>4</SP>NH 2  (where R<SP>4</SP> is an organic group). Compounds of Formula VII: may be prepared by hydrolysing a compound of Formula VI. Dimethylaminotrichloromethane is prepared by chlorination of tetramethylthiuramdisulphide.
Patent GB-941251-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to checker bricks for hot blast stoves
Inventor: BEAUMONT GORDON
IPC: C21B9/06
Filed: 1959-09-15
Abstract: 941,251. Thermal regenerators. THOMAS MARSHALL & CO. (LOXLEY) Ltd. Aug. 26, 1960 [Sept. 15, 1959], No. 31464/59. Heading F4K. A checker brick has a constant cross-section of regular hexagonal form and is provided with a plurality of equally spaced passages 13, 14, also of regular hexagonal form, which extend from one end of the brick to the other and which are all orientated in like manner relative to the side faces of the brick. In the brick shown, channels 16 are provided in the side faces and three concave grooves 17 are formed in the end face 11 extending at 120 degrees to one another from three channels 16 to the central passage 13. The bricks are arranged in layers within a hot blast stove. To make a close fit with the inner wall of the stove then half, corner and triangular checker bricks are used (Figs. 4 to 7, not shown). Larger bricks having more channels and passages than the one shown can be utilized and layers of these bricks may be interposed between layers of the smaller bricks to give stability of the assembly (Figs. 9 and 10, not shown).
Patent GB-728117-A (GB)
Title: Knitted cap and method of making the same
IPC: A42B1/04
Filed: 1953-11-13
Abstract: 728,117. Headwear. SCHUESSLER, W. E. Nov. 13, 1953, No. 31596/53. Class 63. A cap is formed of a single uncut knitted piece of the shape shown in Fig. 3, the sides of the front and rear V-shaped recesses 11, 16, 17 being stitched together to form a central seam 23, Fig. 2, extending from the front to the top of the cap and seams 24, 25 diverging from the rear base and terminating laterally of the central seam. The cap may have a fur trim.
Patent GB-1157302-A (GB)
Title: Carbonization method
IPC: D01F9/16
Filed: 1966-07-14
Abstract: 1,157,302. Carbonization. HITCO. 14 July, 1966 [14 July, 1965], No. 31739/66. Heading C1A. Fibrous cellulosic material is carbonized by maintaining the material in an acidic oxidizing gas, which does not leave an appreciable residue on the carbonized product, at a temperature between 300‹ F. and that at which substantial degradation of the fibre structure occurs during its reaction with the gas, and then treating the fibre in the absence of oxygen by increasing the temperature to at least 1100‹ F. The acidic oxidizing gas may be chlorine, bromine or iodine, nitrous oxide, nitrogen pentoxide or hydrogen halides mixed with sufficient oxygen to convert the hydrogen halide to halogen and water. The gas may be diluted with an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen, helium or argon. The treatment at the higher temperature may be carried out in an inert gas, an alkaline gas (e.g. ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, or methylethylamine), preferably diluted with an inert gas, or in an acidic oxidizing gas which does not contain oxygen and does not produce oxygen during the reaction (e.g. Cl, Br, I). The product may be further heated to at least 1800‹ F. in an oxygenfree atmosphere to remove further volatiles. The resulting fibre may be graphitized in an inert atmosphere at about 4000‹ F.