baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-973681-A (GB)
Title: Tobacco compositions and preparation thereof
IPC: A24B15/12
Filed: 1963-01-16
Abstract: A method of forming a reconstituted tobacco composition comprises combining tobacco pectins as a binder with particulate tobacco materials.  The composition comprises tobacco plant parts and tobacco pectins, the plant parts being bonded together by the tobacco pectins, which may be in the form of the free acid or in the form of a soluble or an insoluble salt of the free acid.  The tobacco pectins are liberated in situ by removing calcium and magnesium from pectinaceous materials naturally occurring in tobacco plant parts and extracting the tobacco pectins from the tobacco parts.  A dispersion is formed in an aqueous medium of the extracted tobacco pectins and the dispersion incorporated with tobacco plant parts to bond them together.  The tobacco pectins are liberated by contacting tobacco plant parts with hydrochloric, sulphuric or phosphoric acid until the resulting mixture has a pH value of from 1.0 to 1.7, washing the resulting mixture with water and brining the pH value of the washed tobacco parts to 2.7 to 10.5 by contacting the washed tobacco parts with sodium bicarbonate. Small quantities of additives, such as organic acids, preservatives, plasticizers, humectants and other adhesive materials, may be added to the composition.  Quantitative examples are given.  U.S.A.  Specifications 2,592,554, 2,708,175, 2,734,510, 2,734,513 and 2,769,734 are referred to.
Patent GB-210765-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the dyeing of cops
IPC: D06B5/16
Filed: 1924-01-25
Abstract: 210,765. Schumacher, F. G., (Assignee of Resch, W.). Feb. 2, 1923, [Convention date]. Circulating or passing fluids through materials. -Relates to the dyeing of cops by the passage of dye-liquor in the longitudinal direction through a series of layers, each composed of a number of rows arranged as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and compressed. To prevent longitudinal displacement of the cops and to secure even distribution of the liquor, packing-pieces b shaped as shown in Fig. 5 to correspond with the spaces at the ends of the rows and extending the whole length of the rows, are arranged along the sides of the vat. The packing-pieces are fitted in grooves e in the ends of the vat, and are of a thickness equal to about half the initial diameter of the cops c; when the mass is compressed, the pieces b rest one on the other. Intermediate separating-pieces b<1>, Fig. 4, shaped as shown in Fig. 6, may also be employed.
Patent GB-1459471-A (GB)
Title: Diaphragm-type pump
IPC: F04B43/10
Filed: 1974-01-16
Abstract: 1459471 Reciprocating pumps FELUWA SCHLESIGER & CO KG 16 Jan 1974 [30 Jan 1973] 02085/74 Heading F1A A hydraulically-actuated diaphragm pump comprises a diaphragm 7 actuated by a piston 2 via liquid in chamber 3, the diaphragm either acting directly on the pumped liquid, Fig. 4 (not shown), or acting on a tubular pumping diaphragm 20 via liquid in chamber 24, as shown. A spring-loaded plate 8 limits the return movement of diaphragm 7 and controls, via linkage 8a, a valve 10 for admitting additional liquid into chamber 3 from a volume 37 connected via a valve 11 to a reservoir 35 with which chamber 3 also communicates via a pressure-relief valve 34, reservoir 35 having a levelviewing window 38. Inlet and outlet valve assemblies 14, 15 are removably clamped to housing 13 independently of the pumping diaphragm 20 by tie rods 29 with nuts 27, 28. Heating or cooling of the liquid pumped is effected by a heat exchanger coil 30. Leakage is detected by a probe 33 sensitive to changes in conductivity of the liquid in chamber 24. A second diaphragm pump may be actuated by a piston 2b. In Fig. 4 (not shown), diaphragm 7 forms one wall of a pumping chamber, the opposite wall of which is shaped to define a nozzle in the flow-path of the pumped liquid, the actuating piston operating in a transverse cylinder (43) and being connected to a compressor piston (44b), Fig. 3 (not shown), which charges an air chamber connected to the pump delivery line for smoothing the delivery flow. An air-venting valve (40), Fig. 2 (not shown), and an adjustable by-pass valve (39) for controlling the diaphragm stroke are provided between chamber 3 and reservoir 35.
Patent GB-491367-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to portable atomisers
IPC: B05B11/06
Filed: 1938-01-22
Abstract: 491,367. Atomizers ; air - pumps. FRANCK, M. Jan. 22, 1938, No. 2169. [Class 69 (iii)] [Also in Group XXVIII] In a portable atomizer of the kind comprising a body divided by a partition a<1> into two compartments one of which constitutes a liquid receptacle while the other forms the cylinder of an air compressor which delivers air for forcing liquid in the form of spray from a nozzle, the compressor is of the telescopic type comprising a piston b which with its rod lies substantially wholly within the body of the atomizer. The air compressor is preferably of the kind described in Specification 453,511, [Group XXVIII], and is provided with a spring-pressed piston b having a cup leather packing c and a tubular rod d sliding over a stem e. An annular flange d<1> engaging the head f of a screw acts as a stop. Air is drawn in at a hole h and expelled through a port i and passage k to a central tube l leading to a nozzle m. Liquid is aspirated up the outer tube o, atomized at the nozzle m, and delivered through a passage n<1> in the screw cap n.
Patent GB-685366-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to extra-air admission devices for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02D9/00
Filed: 1949-01-26
Abstract: 685,366. Spray-carburetters; auxiliary air admission. POTTER, F. J., SHEARING, A. C., BROWN, A., and SWALES, J. April 17, 1950 [Jan. 26, 1949], No. 2189/49. Classes 7 (ii) and 7 (iii). An extra-air admission device comprises a first air valve means responsive to the speed of the engine for exposing the idling jet or jets of a carburetter to atmosphere and a second air valve means responsive to intake manifold suction for admitting air to the induction manifold, the second means being operable only upon operation of the first means. An electro-magnetic relay A connected to the engine dynamo is actuated at a predetermined engine speed to close the circuits of electromagnets B, C, in parallel. The electromagnet B actuates an armature J to open a valve H admitting air to the slow running jet S, Fig. 2 and the electromagnet C moves a slide valve O to interconnect pipes P, Q, whereby induction pipe suction is transmitted to a suction-responsive capsule D which opens the valve E to admit air to the induction manifold through a pipe T, Fig. 2. The valve construction E comprises a spring-loaded valve V and air inlet ports W adjusted by a rotatable nut B'. A cut-out switch may be incorporated in the circuit of the electromagnet C, and the valve H, may alternatively be operated by an engine-driven centrifugal governor. The provisional Specification also states that the valve H may be suction-actuated.
Patent GB-1172211-A (GB)
Title: Production of Spheroidal Uranium Metal Powder
IPC: B22F9/00
Filed: 1968-01-16
Abstract: 1,172,211. Spheroidal uranium powder. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. Jan. 16, 1968 [July 6, 1967], No.2253/68. Heading C7D. Spheroidal uranium powder, with a grain size of 44-840Á, is produced by mixing UO 2  powder with U powder, with a grain size less than 149Á, a stoichiometric excess of Ca powder (e. g. 18-22% excess) and iodine (e.g. 4-8% based on the weight of UO 2  ), heating the mixture to initiate the exothermic reaction in a bomb e.g. to about 800C. continuing the heating to raise the mixture to a maximum temperature of 1175-1225C. maintaining this temperature for a sufficient time to effect coalescence and spheroidization of the U metal, cooling the mixture and then recovering the powder (e.g. by crushing followed by an acetic acid leaching). The initial ratio U/UO 2  is preferably 9/10  5%. The preferred product size is 149- 420Á and any undersize product may be used as seed material in a further reduction.
Patent GB-233394-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to work positioning means for perforating or other machines
IPC: C14B5/00
Filed: 1924-01-29
Abstract: 233,394. British United Shoe Machinery Co., Ltd., and Keall, F. B. Jan. 29, 1924. Sewing-machines; work guides.-An improved edge gauge and presser-foot described as applied to a machine of the type set forth in Specification 22884/04, [Class 17, Boots &c.], for punching ornamental perforations in toe-caps is applicable to sewing-machines. The edge gauge 1, Fig. 6, and the presser-foot 27 may be moved to either side of the link of work feed indicated by the arrow so as to enable a peaked toe-cap A to be punched with a central hole 36, perforated from that hole to the side 37 of the cap, and then from the central hole to the side 38. The edge gauge 1 has guide edges 12, 13 and a bar 11 adjustable by a screw 18 to rest on the workpiece. The gauge is adjustably carried on a slide pin-connected to pivoted hand-lever 4. To adjust the length of stroke of the slide an arcuate slot engages the top of a conical-ended stop 20 which may be projected farther into the slot by turning a knob 24. The presser-foot lever 27 carries two presser-feet 25, 26, and either is hedd in operative position by a spring detent. In operation, the left-hand edge of the edge gauge and the presser-foot 25 are positioned on either side of the link of work feed while the toe cap is perforated from hole 36 to the end 37, the edge gauge is then adjusted so that its righthand edge guides the work, and the presser-foot 26 is made operative while the piece is perforated from hole 36 to the end 38.
Patent GB-891035-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heat-producing mixtures
Inventor: CROSS ALBERT STANLEY JOHN
IPC: C22B5/04
Filed: 1959-01-21
Abstract: A heat-producing composition comprises a mixture of finely-divided aluminium, finely-divided elemental silicon, at least one oxidising agent and a small proportion of iron powder. The silicon may be 2 to 12% of the whole, and at least 50% of it may pass a 200 mesh sieve. The aluminium may be 12 to 40% of the whole, and at least 6% of it may pass a 200 mesh sieve with at least 40% passing a 100 mesh sieve. The composition may contain 6 to 15% of an oxidising agent or agents, which may be selected from alkali metal nitrates and chlorates, iron oxides and manganese oxides.  The iron may be at most 10% of the whole, and preferably at least 60% of it should pass a 200 mesh sieve.  The composition may also contain an inert filler and further a binding agent so that slabs or sleeves may be formed.  According to the Provisional Specification a fluoride may be included and examples are given in which a fluoride is used.  Specifications 627,678, 785,984 and 805,823 are referred to.
Patent GB-246526-A (GB)
Title: Process of esterification
IPC: C07C67/08
Filed: 1926-01-26
Abstract: 246,526. U.S. Industrial Alcohol Co., (Assignees of Arentz, F. B.). Jan. 26, 1925, [Convention date]. Esters.-In a process of esterification, a reaction mixture containing the acid and alcohol is distilled so as to produce, a constant boiling mixture which is condensed to form separate liquid layers, one of which contains a high percentage of water and is removed from the apparatus, while the entire layer containing the other constituents is returned to the renuxing column of the reaction vessel until no more water is evolved. The process is described for the preparation of normal butyl acetate, but may be used for the production of other esters, such as isobutyl acatate, amyl acetate, normal butyl tartrate, amyl phthalate, butyl phthalate, ,and amyl formate. In the preparation of butyl acetate, a mixture of butyl alcohol and concentrated or glacial acetic acid is heated with a small quantity of sulphuric acid as a catalyst in a still 1 surrounded by a heating jacket 2. The still is connected to a column 5, and dephlegmator 9, the condensates from which return to the still through pipes 7 and 12. After a substantial amount of ester has been formed, the mixture is slowly distilled, and the vapours are condensed in a condenser 14. The condensate passes to a separating chamber 18 fitted with a sight-glass 20, and separates into two layers 21, 22. The upper layer 21 consists mainly of butyl acetate and butyl alcohol and is returned to the column 5 through a pipe 23. The lower layer consists mainly of water and is removed by a pipe 24. When no more water separates out in the chamber 18, the contents of the still are neutralized with caustic soda and then rectified or otherwise treated to recover the ester. In making butyl tartrate, the vapours driven off from the still consist mainly of butyl alcohol and water, and separate into an upper alcohol layer, which is returned to the still, and a lower water layer. When the reaction is completed, the excess alcohol is removed by the vacuum distillation, and the crude ester is washed and rectified.
Patent GB-1135514-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to platinum coating process and platinum coated materials
IPC: C25B11/04
Filed: 1967-01-17
Abstract: 1,135,514. Fuel cell electrodes. JOHNSON, MATTHEY & CO. Ltd. 17 Jan., 1967 [1 Sept., 1966], No. 2455/67. Heading H1B. [Also in Division B1] An electrode having an electrically conducting base, and an electrically conducting substrate in contact with the base is characterized in that the base is platinized by a process in which a dispersion of platinum oxide (which may contain a minor proportion of Rh, Ru, Ir and/or Pd) in a C 2  to C 5  alcohol is treated with a solution of a water-soluble inorganic salt on acid prior to drying and oxidizing residual adsorbed organic matter. Examples describe the dispersion of Pt on polypropylene and the construction of a 10% Pt-graphite P.T.F.E. electrode for use in a fuel cell. The electrically conducting substrate may be a tantalum screen.
Patent GB-880354-A (GB)
Title: Drying compositions
Inventor: MILLS MAURICE ROBERT
IPC: C09D155/04
Filed: 1958-01-24
Abstract: Conjugated diene or monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbons are copolymerized with condensation products obtained from unsaturated nonconjugated aliphatic mono-carbonylic acids or their anhydrides by the process of Specifications 827,361 or 844,620, to form drying compositions.  At least a part of the acids have the formula R.COOH where R is an unsubstituted hydrocarbon chain radical containing a methylene group which is attached to the carbonyl group, have at least 9 carbon atoms, and a plurality of double bonds including at least one -C=C-C-C=C- group, e.g. acids of linseed, cotton seed, sunflower, safflower, soya bean, tall, ground nut and fish oils. The condensation products are obtained by heating the acids or anhydrides in the presence of a nonoxidizing oxygen compound of boron, e.g. boric oxide or acid, ammonium perborate, trimethyl and triethyl borate the mannitol ester of boric acid and the mixed anhydrides of boric acid and a fatty acid until the product contains at least 60% of unsaponifiable matter of mean molecular weight at least 3 times that of the acid.  Acrylic and cycloaliphatic dienes, e.g. cyclopentadiene and its dimers, styrene and vinyl toluene are mentioned and catalysts such as benzoyl, di-t-butyl peroxides are used with the vinyl aromatic compounds.  Examples describe the copolymerization of dicyclopentadiene, styrene or vinyl toluene with a condensation product derived from redistilled tall oil acid; of styrene with a product derived from fractionated cotton seed acids; of vinyl toluene and soya bean acids; and of vinyl toluene and methyl styrene with a product from safflower fatty acids.  The products with titanium dioxide or chrome green pigment, driers and white spirit, or with white spirit and driers only, yield hard non-brittle films with good water and aqueous alkali resistance.
Patent GB-158278-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to flux holders for welding operations
IPC: B23K3/08
Filed: 1921-01-19
Abstract: 158,278. Rail Welding & Bonding Co., (Assignees of Lincoln, J. C.). Jan. 29, 1920, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Act]. Addition to 158,215. Uniting by fusion; drawing-dies.-A flux used in fusion welding is carried by a semi-permanent holder of metal, fibre, paper, &c. coated with protective covering, so that the flux is protected from disintegration and from loss and premature dissipation under the welding flame or arc. A metal strip a<1>, Fig. 4, is drawn to U-shape through a die d, is filled by a plunger e" with flux contained in a hopper e<1> with inclined sides, Fig. 6, and is drawn to tubular shape through a die f. The tube a is then coated with resin, preferably by dipping in a mixture of wood alcohol and resin. In welding rails to fish-plates, a copper bar i is placed beneath the line of weld and a strip of metal k and the tube a are placed adjacent thereto, welding being performed by melting the rail, fish-plate, strip, and tube by an electric arc advanced along the joint. When the tube is of metal, it forms part of the finished joint. The flux may consist of sodium carbonate alone or mixed with borax, fine sand, calcium carbonate, or resin or other hydrocarbon. A suitable mixture consists of two parts of sodium carbonate with one part of resin and one part of wood. alcohol.
Patent GB-768181-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in textile processing aprons
IPC: D01H5/86
Filed: 1955-01-28
Abstract: Endless aprons and tapes for use in processing textile fibres and yarns are made from a polyurethane elastomer filled with flock.  The flock may be cotton, rayon, nylon, a -cellulose or glass flock.  The apron or tape is preferably buffed before use to raise a nap formed by the flock fibres, the nap persisting throughout the life of the belt.  The Specification describes conventional process for the preparation of the rubbers and of the aprons or tapes therefrom.  The flock may be incorporated either in a liquid intermediate product or in a partially cross-linked intermediate product.  Specification 754,732 is referred to.
Patent GB-251340-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in lamp signalling devices particularly for use in controlling traffic
IPC: G08G1/09
Filed: 1925-01-30
Abstract: 251,340. Bilby, F. W. C. Jan. 30, 1925. Mercury switches. - A hand-lamp signalling- device comprising a casing A in which is an electric lamp E, is connected to a pocket battery K or like source of electricity by removable leads M<2>, M<3>, an automatic gravity-operated switch G containing mercury being arranged in the lamp casing so as to complete the electric circuit only when the hand is in the horizontal position or is raised above that position. The terminals c, c<1> and contact strip C are insulated from the casing, and the automatic switch G is placed between the casing and a spring H<1> connected to the terminal c'. The switch comprises a glass tube having metal end caps g<4>, g<5> connected to contacts g<6>, g<7> respectively in the tube and spaced so that mercury in the tube bridges the contacts when the hand is raised above the horizontal position to complete the circuit to the lamp. Alternatively, the switch may comprise a glass tube containing mercury, the tube being closed at one end through which is inserted a metal strip, the other end being closed by an insulated sleeve in which is a metal block, the strip and block being spaced and are adapted to be bridged by the mercury when the hand is raised. The Provisional Specification states that the switch mav comprise a metal tube instead of the glass tube and metal strip.
Patent GB-633935-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to aircraft propulsion apparatus
IPC: F02K1/15
Filed: 1948-01-29
Abstract: 633,935. Propulsion nozzles for aircraft. WESTINGHOUSE, ELECTRIC INTERNATIONAL CO. Jan. 29, 1948, No. 2693. Convention date, Feb. 19, 1947. Drawings to Specification. [Class 110(iii)] A propulsion jet nozzle is convergentdivergent and such that for the lower portion of the thrust range the effective discharge area is greater than the throat area and for the upper part of the thrust range the discharge area decreases with increasing speed to become equal to the throat area. The ratio of exit area to throat area is equal to or larger than the theoretically optimum area ratio of a convergent-divergent nozzle. The nozzle provides for a maximum Mach number less than 1.3.
Patent GB-1175414-A (GB)
Title: A Steering Wheel for Motor Vehicles
Inventor: PHILIPP JOSEF
IPC: B62D1/06
Filed: 1967-01-18
Abstract: 1,175,414. Moulding plastic materials. VEREINIGHTE DEUTSCHE METALLWERKE A.G. 18 Jan., 1967 [25 Feb., 1966], No. 2775/67. Heading B5A. [Also in Division B7] A steering wheel for a motor vehicle comprising hard rubber or rubber-like material reinforced with a metallic frame and having a covering such as a glass fibre paper enveloping the rubber and adhesively bonded thereto is made by placing the covering which may consist of two or more parts in a mould shaped according to the desired contours of the steering wheel and pressing it with heat and pressure on to the surface of the steering wheel in the mould.
Patent GB-646657-A (GB)
Title: A process for carburising iron or steel
IPC: C23C12/02
Filed: 1948-01-30
Abstract: Iron or steel is carburized by bringing coal gas, producer gas or other gas containing carbon dioxide into contact at 850-1,300 DEG C with (a) charcoal, coke or other carbonaceous substance; (b) a compound of a carbide forming metal capable of reacting with a hydrogen halide to form a volatile halide and (c) a halogen generating substance such as hydrogen chloride or iodine the gaseous products then contacting the iron or steel at 850 DEG  -1300 DEG C. The coal gas or other gas may be charged with say a hydrogen halide and then contacted with the carbon and metallic compound to which barium carbonate may be added.  Metal compounds specified are potassium bichromate or chromate, sodium tungstate, molybdate, niobate, tantalate, zirconate, titanate and vanadate. The gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and volatile metal halide may be formed in a separate chamber and then passed into a chamber containing the iron or steel.  The coal gas or other gas may be passed through concentrated sulphuric acid and then through a betone, aldehyde or alcohol such as methyl alcohol.  The treated iron or steel may be followed by water quenching at 900 DEG C and 780 DEG C.
Patent GB-1032642-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to steroids and the manufacture thereof
IPC: C07J5/00
Filed: 1963-01-23
Abstract: Androstano - [17,16a  - c] - pyrans having in ring D the following structure <FORM:1032642/C2/1> including novel compounds having the formulae (I), (II) and (III) in the Specification are obtained in a process which comprises reacting a steroid of the pregnance series having in ring D the following structure <FORM:1032642/C2/2> wherein Y is a hydrogen atom or acyloxy, the acyl radical of the acyloxy being that of a hydrocarbon carboxylic acid containing from 1-12 carbon atoms inclusive with a dienophile of the formula <FORM:1032642/C2/3> wherein A is lower alkoxy, aryloxy, lower-alkanoyloxy, aldehydo lower-alkanoyl, formyloxy, nitro, halo, mercapto, lower alkylmercapto or arylmercapto, B is a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl, or A and B taken together represent the radical <FORM:1032642/C2/4> Hydroquinone may be employed as catalyst. The 3-hydroxy compounds may be oxidized to form the corresponding 3-keto compounds.  Pharmaceutical compositions having antiinflammatory, progestational, central nervous inhibiting, glucocorticoid, anti-hormonal, lipidmobilizing, hypotensive, cardiotonic, cholesterol lowering and anti-fertility activity and containing the above novel compounds are administered in tablets, powders, capsules, pills, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, syrups and elixirs.