Patent GB-856810-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to television receivers
IPC: H04N5/50
Filed: 1957-03-13
Abstract: 856,810. Tuning indicators; reactance valve circuits. TELEFUNKEN G.m.b.H. March 13, 1957 [March 13, 1956, Jan. 28, 1957], No. 8225/57. Classes 40 (5). In a television receiver the picture tube is used for tuning indication. Video detector 2, Fig. 1, normally feeds picture tube 6 via a video amplifier 4, but for tuning switch contacts 3, 12 are reversed so that the grid of the valve 4 is connected to an A.C. source 11. A branch I.F. amplifier 8 feeds a circuit 9 sharply resonant to the correct I.F. tuning frequency; this is coupled to a detector 10; the D.C. output of which forms a grid bias for the valve 4. The tuning pattern so produced on the tube 6 is determined by the nature of the source 11: if the line or frame generator is used, or both in combination, it comprises a bright and a dark area (Figs. 4-6, not shown) whose common boundary varies in position in accordance with the tuning. Alternatively a sine-wave or pulse generator may be used, giving a number of such boundaries; e.g. a heptode in which oscillations are generated by back-coupling the second and fourth grids, which are connected together internally, to the first grid, via a tapped inductance 18, Fig. 8, tuned by condenser 21. The anode load effectively comprises condenser 22, phase-shifted oscillations being fed back from the anode to the first grid via resitor 24; the amount of this feedback is controlled by the voltage on the third grid which comprises synch. pulses from the received signal, applied to terminals 23. A following triode with its grid connected via condenser 25 to the tuned circuit is provided with an anode load, comprising resistor 28 and condenser 27 which is of such time-constant that a sawtooth waveform of line scan frequency may be obtained at terminals 30. In a second embodiment the detector 10, Fig. 9, following the branch I.F. amplifier 8 is poled so as to apply a positive-going bias to the grid of valve 33 in a cross-coupled pair 33, 36. A synchronized positive-going sawtooth wave is also applied, the arrangement being such that valve 33 is non-conductive unless its grid is driven positive by a predetermined amount, whereupon valve 33 becomes conductive and 36 non-conductive. The time-constant provided by coupling condenser 38 is such that this state is maintained until the trailing edge of the sawtooth wave produces an abrupt fall in grid potential, causing valve 33 to be again cut-off. In the anode circuit of the valve 36 there appear rectangular pulses of variable width, the timing of whose leading edges is dependent upon the D.C. voltage produced by the detector 10: the pulses are differentiated by R.C. circuit 41, 42 and applied to the grid of video amplifier 4, causing a sharp line to appear on the screen of the picture tube, in a position dependent upon the tuning (Fig. 11, not shown). A switch 25 renders the valve 8 inoperative to remove the tuning line. The cross-coupled pair may be replaced by a blocking oscillator (Fig. 12, not shown), the back-coupling transformer of which has a tertiary winding from which sharp pulses are obtained: a sawtooth waveform is applied to the grid and the point of triggering determined by a positive bias, also applied to the grid and comprising the output from the detector in the branch I.F. amplifier. In yet another embodiment, Fig. 14 (not shown) a sawtooth waveform is applied to a limiter whose point of cut-off is determined by a positive bias comprising the output from the detector in the branch I.F. amplifier. The resulting substantially rectangular pulses are of variable width (Fig. 15, not shown), the position of the leading edges varying in accordance with the tuning, and yielding by differentiation sharp positive-going pulses which, as before, are applied to the grid of the video amplifier.