baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-2213145-T3 (ES)
Inventor: CARLO LOUIS D
IPC: B60R25/10
Filed: 1994-02-08
Granted: 2004-08-16
Abstract: An anti-theft device for a motor vehicle wherein a personal identification unit (T) is carried by an authorized operator of said motor vehicle and includes means for identifying its location in the vicinity of the motor vehicle. A vehicle control unit (10) mounted onto the motor vehicle, has a first and second condition with means for allowing operation of the motor vehicle when the control unit is in the first condition and means for inhibiting operation of the motor vehicle when said control unit is in the second condition and means for shifting the control unit into the second condition at a time subsequent to removal of the identification device (T) from the vicinity of the motor vehicle. <IMAGE>
Patent ES-2091649-T3 (ES)
Inventor: FERRIERI ANTONELLA
IPC: A61K31/42
Filed: 1994-03-18
Granted: 1996-11-01
Abstract: This invention refers to the use of the rifamycin antibiotic known by the name of rifaximin (INN) and to pharmaceutical compositions containing it in the oral treatment of the forms of gastric dyspepsia caused by bacteria known as Helicobacter pylori. Rifaximin may be administered in any oral pharmaceutical form, particularly tablets, capsules, sugar coated tablets, granules and syrups containing from 200 to 2000 mg of active principle, at a daily dosage of between 400 and 2000 mg.
Patent ES-2121131-T3 (ES)
Inventor: HIBY WALTER
IPC: E04G7/28
Filed: 1994-10-05
Granted: 1998-11-16
Abstract: A scaffolding (1) with vertical frames (2), floor planks (3, 4) and toe-boards (5, 6), of which the horizontal frame members (8) exhibit a profile web (18) which is arranged between the end edges (22, 23) of adjacent floor planks and spans the tread surface of the floor planks (16, 17) in a stepless manner, and profile flanges (19, 20) which are arranged on both sides of the profile web (18) serving as bearing surfaces (21) of adjacent floor planks and toe-boards. <IMAGE>
Patent ES-2074973-T3 (ES)
Title: Adhesivo sensible a la presion, curado por radiacion.
Inventor: SKOULTCHI MARTIN
IPC: C08G18/67
Filed: 1994-11-04
Granted: 1999-09-16
Abstract: SE PROPORCIONAN ADHESIVOS SENSIBLES A LA PRESION CURADOS MEDIANTE RADIACION QUE COMPRENDEN UNA ESTRUCTURA DE POLIURETANO CURADA MEDIANTE RADIACION REMATADA CON UN GRUPO TERMINAL REACTIVO ACRILICO O METACRILICO Y RESIDUOS DE UN GRUPO TERMINAL NO REACTIVO MONO-OL O POLIOL. LOS ADHESIVOS INCLUYEN UNA CANTIDAD FUNCIONAL DE UN TIO COMPUESTO QUE PROPORCIONA UN CONTROL MEJORADO EN LAS PROPIEDADES ADHESIVAS SENSIBLES A LA PRESION CUANDO EL PRECURSOR DEL ADHESIVO SEA IRRADIADO.
Patent ES-2121145-T3 (ES)
Inventor: WIJBENGA HENDRIK
IPC: F21V7/00
Filed: 1994-09-09
Granted: 1998-11-16
Abstract: The luminaire has a concave reflector (1) built up from plane facets (4). The facets are arranged in rows (7) which extend between first parallel planes (8) towards the light emission window (3). The facets are also bounded by second parallel planes (9). The first and the second parallel planes extend parallel to the axis (2) of the reflector, but transversely to one another. Means (30) are present for holding an electric light source (31') in a plane transverse to the plane of symmetry (6) of the reflector. The luminaire is suitable for concentrating the light generated by the light source into a comparatively wide beam and for illuminating a field from a small distance with a high degree of homogeneity. <IMAGE>
Patent ES-2142909-T3 (ES)
Inventor: BARDELLI LODOVICO
IPC: B28B3/00
Filed: 1994-12-06
Granted: 2000-05-01
Abstract: A method for manufacturing ceramic tiles in general by pressing in an isostatic mould in which the die (2) provided for forming the feet contains a membrane (22) rigidly supported at the feet, said mould being mounted in a press equipped with a carriage (47) for charging material into the mould cavities, comprises, at predetermined intervals, a) measuring within the tile the maximum deviations from a reference plane of those regions (66) adjacent to the feet (33), b) processing said deviations in a microprocessor, and c) modifying, on the basis of the extent and distribution of the measured and processed deviations, at least one of the following parameters: carriage (47) traversing speed, commencement of the descent of the mould lower die (2) in relation to the carriage (47) position, inclination of the dividing flaps (16) present in the carriage cavity. <IMAGE>
Patent ES-2105503-T3 (ES)
Inventor: RATHMELL COLIN
IPC: B01J23/889
Filed: 1994-01-06
Granted: 1997-10-16
Abstract: The continuous prodn. of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol having a predetermined trans:cis isomer ratio comprises (a) providing a hydrogenation zone contg. a charge of granular hydrogeneration catalyst selected from Cu-contg. catalysts and Gp. VIII metal-contg. catalysts capable of catalysing the hydrogenation of esters; (b) determining a Reference Activity (RA) of the catalyst by measuring the extent of conversion of the dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate to 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in the passage of a reaction mixt. comprising the dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate and a H2-contg. gas through the catalyst at a preselected feed temp., feed pressure, dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate feed rate, and H2-contg. gas:dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate molar ratio; (c) determining fan Effective Residence Time (ERT) for contact of the reaction mixt. at the preselected feed temp. and feed pressure with the catalyst at the RA which produced 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol having he desired trans:cis isomer ratio; (d) forming a vaporous feed stream comprising the dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate and a H2-contg. gas having a preselected molar ratio; (e) feeding the vaporous feed stream to the hydrogenation zone at a constant temp. of 150-350 deg. C and which is above the dew point of the feed stream and at a constant pressure of 150-2000 psia at a rate which corresponds to an Actual Residence Time (ART) of the feed stream in contact with the catalyst which yields 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol of the desired trans:cis isomer ratio; (f) recovering a prod. stream contg. 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol; (g) monitoring the Actual Activity (AA) of the catalyst with passage of time by measuring the extent of conversion of the dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate to 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol under actual operating conditions of feed temp., feed pressure, dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate feed rate, and H2-contg. gas:dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate molar ratio; and (h) adjusting at least one feed condition of the vaporous feed stream to the hydrogenation zone selected from (1) the dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate feed rate, and (2) the H2-contg. gas: dialkyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate molar ratio; while maintaining the feed stream above its dew point to provide an ART which corresponds to the ERT required to provide 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol having the desired trans:cis ratio in accordance with the relationship (I). The dialkyl cyclohexanedicarboxylate is selected from di(1-4C alkyl) cyclohexanedicarboxylates.
Patent ES-2072236-T3 (ES)
Title: Dispositivo de transmision angular para panel de cierre mecanico.
Inventor: FELLER MARC
IPC: E06B9/76
Filed: 1994-10-20
Granted: 1997-05-01
Abstract: DISPOSITIVO DE CONTRAMARCHA DE ANGULO, CARACTERIZADO EN QUE COMPRENDE UN SOPORTE (1) FORMADO POR DOS FLANCOS PARALELOS Y REUNIDOS POR DOS PAREDES (4,5) CURVILINEAS, ESTANDO LAS CARAS INTERNAS (7) DE DICHOS FLANCOS DOTADAS ADEMAS DE RANURAS (9) QUE PERMITEN EL MOVIMIENTO DE UNA CAJA (10) QUE COMPRENDE ALOJAMIENTOS (14, 14'') A TRAVES DE LOS CUALES SE POSICIONA UN EQUIPO DE PIÑONES QUE COMPRENDE EN CADA UNO DE SUS EXTREMOS (21, 22, 24) UNA ZONA DE ENGRANE Y UNA VARILLA (26) QUE PERMITE LA SOLIDARIZACION CON EL EJE DEL TORNO DEL TAMBOR (30) DE LA PERSIANA ARROLLABLE Y CON EL EJE DE MANIOBRA (29), COOPERANDO DICHO SOPORTE (1) CON LA PARTE DE MURO MEDIANTE UNA BASE (33) QUE FORMA UN SOPORTE.
Patent ES-2121174-T3 (ES)
Inventor: ECKHARDT CLAUDE DR
IPC: D06M13/50
Filed: 1994-06-10
Granted: 1998-11-16
Abstract: A process for inhibiting the re-absorption of migrating dyes in the wash liquor comprises introducing into a wash liquor containing a peroxide-containing detergent, from 0.5 to 150 mg, per litre of wash liquor, of one or more manganese compounds having the formula (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) or (7) as defined in the specification. The manganese compounds do not exhaust at all on to cotton, polyamide or polyester fibres so that the compounds cannot lead to fibre discolouration problems.
Patent ES-2117246-T3 (ES)
Title: Procedimiento para la deteccion de fugas en conductos subterraneos de productos liquidos.
Inventor: HUTCHINSON RAY J
IPC: G01M3/26
Filed: 1993-12-07
Granted: 1998-08-01
Abstract: SE PRESENTA Y SE RECLAMA UN METODO MEJORADO PARA DETECTAR PEQUEÑAS FUGAS EN SISTEMAS DE TUBERIAS SUBTERRANEAS BAJO PRESION. EN CONCRETO, EL METODO COMPRENDE LOS PASOS DE: HACER MEDICIONES DE LA PRESION DURANTE PERIODOS DE TIEMPO IDENTICOS, EN LAS TUBERIAS DE PRODUCTO A PRESION SUPERIOR A LA PRESION DE DESCARGA DE LA BOMBA CUANDO LA BOMBA DE PRODUCTO ESTA FUNCIONANDO. DESPUES, SE CALCULA EL VALOR ABSOLUTO DE LA DIFERENCIA ENTRE LAS SUCESIVAS DISMINUCIONES Y SE COMPARA CON UN VALOR ACEPTABLE. A CONTINUACION, EL VALOR DE LA ULTIMA DISMINUCION DE LA PRESION SE COMPARA CON VALORES ACEPTABLES E INACEPTABLES REFLEJANDO LA RIGIDEZ ACEPTABLE E INACEPTABLE DE LA TUBERIA DE PRODUCTO.
Patent ES-2107802-T3 (ES)
Inventor: HILLE HANS DIETER
IPC: C09D151/08
Filed: 1993-12-14
Granted: 1997-12-01
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP93/03530 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 7, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 7, 1995 PCT Filed Dec. 14, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/13720 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 23, 1994The invention relates to an aqueous polyester- and acrylate-based polymer dispersion, obtainable by free radical-initiated polymerization of at least (a) one (meth)acrylic acid ester, (b) one ethylenically unsaturated, at least monofunctional acid, and optionally (c) one ethylenically unsaturated monomer other than (a) and (b), or mixtures thereof with a polyester resin capable of undergoing a free radical-initiated polymerization. The invention further relates to the production of these aqueous polymer dispersions, to aqueous clear coat compositions containing said dispersions, and to the use thereof.
Patent ES-2143542-T3 (ES)
Title: Sistema de extincion de incendios que utiliza, en primer lugar, una instalacion para la extincion de incendios automatica a gran presion y, en segundo lugar, un camion de bomberos provisto de una bomba de alta presion.
Inventor: SUNDHOLM GORAN
IPC: A62C/
Filed: 1994-01-21
Granted: 2000-05-16
Abstract: EL OBJETIVO DE ESTE INVENTO ES PROPORCIONAR UN NUEVO SISTEMA DE PROTECCION CONTRA INCENDIOS PARA HOTELES, EDIFICIOS DE OFICINAS, PLANTAS INDUSTRIALES O COMUNIDADES ENTERAS. EL OBJETIVO A PROTEGER ESTA PROVISTO DE UNA INSTALACION CONTRA INCENDIOS AUTOMATICA PREFERIBLEMENTE OPERADA POR ACUMULADORES HIDRAULICOS DE ALTA PRESION, PARA COMBATIR INICIALMENTE EL FUEGO, PARA AL MENOS SUPRIMIR EL MISMO. EL FUEGO ES EXTINGUIDO FINALMENTE CON LA AYUDA DE UN COCHE DE BOMBEROS CON UN DEPOSITO DE AGUA CONECTABLE MEDIANTE UNA BOMBA DE ALTA PRESION (3) EN EL COCHE DE BOMBEROS A LA MENCIONADA INSTALACION CONTRA INCENDIOS. EL EJE CONDUCTOR DE LA BOMBA ESTA CONECTADO AL EJE CARDAN (6) DEL MOTOR DEL VEHICULO (1) PARA UTILIZAR TODA LA FUERZA DEL MOTOR. EL VEHICULO PUEDE SER PEQUEÑO Y EL SISTEMA, QUE OPERA CON UNA PEQUEÑA CANTIDAD DE AGUA, ES EN PARTICULAR VENTAJOSO PARA REGIONES CALIDAS CON FUENTES LIMITADAS O INCLUSO ESCASAS DE AGUA.
Patent ES-2147574-T3 (ES)
Inventor: HERRMANN MATTHIAS
IPC: H04H20/88
Filed: 1994-03-22
Granted: 2000-09-16
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/DE94/00317 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 6, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 6, 1994 PCT Filed Mar. 22, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO94/22226 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 29, 1994In a circuit arrangement for deriving a signal dependent on the change direction of the incoming signal level in a radio receiver, controllable by a microcomputer, a comparator is provided outside the microcomputer to which a signal representing the respective signal strength and a signal generated by the microcomputer representing the signal strength at an earlier point in time can be supplied. An output signal from the comparator can be supplied to the microcomputer.
Patent ES-2138090-T3 (ES)
Title: Procedimiento e intermedios para doramectina.
Inventor: CRAWFORD THOMAS CHARLES
IPC: C07H19/01
Filed: 1994-09-19
Granted: 2000-01-01
Abstract: SE PRESENTAN COMPUESTOS INTERMEDIOS Y UN PROCESO PARA PREPARAR DORAMECTINA, EL COMPUESTO DE LA FORMULA (I), SEMISINTETICAMENTE A PARTIR DE UN SUBPRODUCTO EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO DE FERMENTACION QUE TAMBIEN DA COMO RESULTADO UN COMPUESTO DE LA FORMULA (I). LOS COMPUESTOS INTERMEDIOS PREPARADOS POR EL PROCESO DE LA INVENCION TAMBIEN TIENEN ACTIVIDAD COMO AGENTES ANTIPARASITICOS. EL PROCESO DE LA INVENCION UTILIZA EL ROCIADO DE UN GAS INERTE DE REACCION CONTINUA DURANTE EL PASO DE PIROLISIS, DANDO COMO RESULTADO UNA MEJORA SIGNIFICATIVA DEL RENDIMIENTO TOTAL DE ESTA CONVERSION.
Patent ES-2109784-T3 (ES)
Title: Procedimiento para la alcoholisis del tetracloruro de carbono.
Inventor: CORREIA YVES
IPC: B01J27/122
Filed: 1995-05-24
Granted: 1998-01-16
Abstract: LA INVENCION SE REFIERE A UN PROCESO DE ALCOHOLISIS DEL TETRACLORURO DE CARBONO, QUE CONSISTE EN ENVIAR SIMULTANEAMENTE, POR UNA PARTE TETRACLORURO DE CARBONO, POR OTRA PARTE UN ALCOHOL ROH SOBRE UNA COMPOSICION CATALITICA, CARACTERIZADO EN QUE DICHA COMPOSICION CATALITICA COMPRENDE UNA SOLUCION ACUOSA DE UN HALOGENO METALICA.
Patent ES-2096503-T3 (ES)
Inventor: BRAIDA VALERIO DAMARYS
IPC: A61K8/00
Filed: 1995-07-06
Granted: 1997-03-01
Abstract: Treatment of human keratin fibres, partic. hair, comprises (i) applying a compsn. contg. an amide (I) with a fatty chain, excluding coprah diethanolamide; (ii) treating for  NOTGREATER  2 mins. with a gas contg. steam, at ≥ 75 degrees C; and (iii) cooling the fibres.   The treatment with gas may be pref. repeated several times on the same fibre and is for 0.01 sec. to 2 mins. (pref. 1-10 sec.), at ≥ 85 (pref. 85-150) degrees C. The gas may contain only steam, or another component in the form of gas or vapour, e.g. air. Preferred amides are: N-(lin)oleoyldihydrosphingosine, N-palmitoyl-, N-stearoyl- and/or N-behenoyl-dihydrosphingosine, esp. bis(N-hydrox y- ethyl N-cetyl)malonamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(3-cetyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl) cetyl acid amide and N-docasanoyl N-methyl-D-glucamine. The amides are present in an amt. of 0001-30 (pref. 0.001-10) wt.%.
Patent ES-2107292-T3 (ES)
Title: Resincronizacion de emisores/receptores para acceso protegido a un vehiculo por criptografia o codigo de rodadura.
Inventor: LATKA DAVID STANLEY
IPC: G09C1/00
Filed: 1994-11-07
Granted: 1997-11-16
Abstract: LA INFORMACION SECRETA SE ALMACENA EN EL TRASMISOR Y EL RECEPTOR DE UN SISTEMA DE INTRODUCCION DE SIN TECLAS. LA INFORMACION INCLUYE UN CODIGO DE AUTORIZACION DE RESINCRONIZACION. CUANDO SE DEMANDA LA RESINCRONIZACION MEDIANTE LA PULSACION DEL BOTON DE LA TECLA APROPIADA, SE GENERA UN NUMERO ALEATORIO EN EL TRASMISOR Y SE ENVIA HASTA EL RECEPTOR JUNTO CON EL CODIGO DE AUTORIZACION DE RESINCRONIZACION. EL RECEPTOR COMPRUEBA EL CODIGO DE AUTORIZACION RECIBIDO CON SU CODIGO ALMACENADO. SI LOS CODIGOS COINCIDEN, EL RECEPTOR SUSTITUYE EL NUMERO ALEATORIO RECIBIDO DESDE EL TRASMISOR POR SU CODIGO DE ACCESO ALMACENADO EXISTENTE, COLOCANDO DE ESTA FORMA EL TRASMISOR Y EL RECEPTOR DE NUEVO EN SINCRONIZACION.
Patent ES-2118556-T3 (ES)
Inventor: VARNHORST MATHIAS
IPC: F04D29/28
Filed: 1995-01-11
Granted: 1998-09-16
Abstract: The invention relates to a radial impeller (1), preferably on an electric motor (10), especially an electric vacuum cleaner motor, with an impeller disc (8) on which are fitted preferably curved blades (2) with an outer curve (3) and an inner curve (4). Through apertures (6) are provided in the impeller disc (8). To reduce noise, the invention proposes that the through apertures (6) allocated to a blade (2) be formed on the outer curve (3).
Patent ES-2134439-T3 (ES)
Inventor: BERG ELNA BIRGITTA
IPC: A61M/
Filed: 1995-01-23
Granted: 1999-10-01
Abstract: The present invention relates to a spacer for children primarily intended to be used in conjunction with a metered dose inhaler (MDI), said spacer having a generally oblong shape and being rotationally symmetrical around a central, longitudinal axis and being provided with an opening at each end located centrally in said axis for connection of an meterd dose inhaler respectively of a mouth-piece or similar. The spacer has a small total volume which is in the range between 50 and 400 ml, and the material in the spacer has a surface resitivity which is lower than 109 Ohm, preferably lower than 106 Ohm.
Patent ES-2117411-T3 (ES)
Inventor: GREGER MANFRED
IPC: C11D11/00
Filed: 1995-03-06
Granted: 1998-08-01
Abstract: The inclusion capacity of dirt-loosening polymers, which contain ethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene therephthalate groups and are solid at room temperature, into solid washing and cleaning agents is to be improved. This aim has been achieved by a process for producing pourable granular washing agent components containing such a polymer and a finely divided base material essentially by heating a dirt-loosening polymer containing ethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate groups to a temperature at which its viscosity is below 5000 mPas and applying the polymer melt to the finely divided base material in a compression mixer temperature which is at least as high as the softening temperature of the polymer, or to a fluidised bed of the base material at a mixing temperature which is at the least as high as the softening temperature of the polymer, or to a fluidised bed of the base material at a mixing temperature which is at the most as high as the softening temperature of the polymer.
Patent ES-2142475-T3 (ES)
Title: Instalacion para la extincion de incendios para descargar una niebla de liquido-gas.
Inventor: SUNDHOLM GORAN
IPC: A62C35/02
Filed: 1995-04-13
Granted: 2000-04-16
Abstract: EL OBJETO DE LA INVENCION ES SUMINISTRAR UNA NUEVA INSTALACION DE LUCHA CONTRA INCENDIOS QUE HAGA POSIBLE EL SUMINISTRO EFECTIVO DE LIQUIDO CON UNA MEZCLA EFECTIVA E INMEDIATA DE GAS EN EL INTERIOR DEL LIQUIDO JUSTO DESDE EL INICIO. ESTO SE CONSIGUE CONECTANDO A UNA CONDUCCION DE SALIDA (2) DE UN ACUMULADOR HIDRAULICO (1, 1A) AL MENOS UNA BOTELLA DE GAS COMPRIMIDO (4) EN LA TRAYECTORIA DE UN CONDUCTO COMUNICANTE.
Patent ES-2132765-T3 (ES)
Inventor: FREROT STEPHANE
IPC: B65D5/46
Filed: 1995-12-29
Granted: 1999-08-16
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FR95/01756 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 26, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 26, 1996 PCT Filed Dec. 29, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/20874 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 11, 1996The invention pertains to a carton, a blank and a process for manufacturing a carton of sheet material. The carton includes a cover formed by inner and outer flaps, and two sinkable corner regions situated respectively on either side of the carton or of the cover, straddling the fold lines corresponding to two walls and two opposing flaps. It includes an elongate handle comprising a lower band made of a sheet material formed at least in part by a detachable part belonging to at least one outer flap and a reinforcing upper band secured to the lower band having ends fixed on each side to opposing lateral walls, underneath the sinkable corner regions with respect to the upper face of the cover. The handle encompasses or extends opposite the sinkable corner regions so that, when the handle is pulled substantially perpendicularly to the upper face of the cover, handle portions situated opposite the sinkable corner regions sink into the regions.
Patent ES-2220952-T3 (ES)
Inventor: WEIDER RICHARD DR
IPC: C07D403/06
Filed: 1992-02-04
Granted: 2004-12-16
Abstract: The invention relates to the use of 3- and/or 4-substituted pyrrolidines as catalysts for the preparation of products by the polyisocyanate-polyaddition process. They can be employed as a replacement for, or in combination with, urethane catalysts which are known per se, for example 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO) for the preparation of rigid or flexible polyurethane foams as well as a large number of other polyurethane products. The abovementioned term "polyurethane products" is to be understood hereinafter as meaning all reaction products of polyisocyanates with compounds having at least 2 hydrogen atoms which are reactive towards isocyanates, i.e. the term polyurethane used herein is to be understood, for example, as meaning pure polyurethanes, polyurethane polyureas or pure polyureas.
Patent ES-2141997-T3 (ES)
Inventor: KUNDRAT DAVID M
IPC: C21B13/10
Filed: 1996-05-24
Granted: 2000-04-01
Abstract: Method of reducing metal oxide using a furnace having an annular platform and at least one fuel burner involves: (i) placing a mixt. contg. the oxide and a reductant on the platform as a first layer; (ii) rotating the platform past a burner to heat the first layer with an oxidizing flame; (iii) covering the first layer with a second layer of reductant; and (iv) heating both layers to at least partially reduce the mixt.. The second layer prevents reoxidation of the partially reduced first layer. Also claimed are: (a) a method as identified above but where in step (ii) the first layer is heated to 1000[deg]C. and in step (iv) both layers are heated for 30 mins., where the partially reduced mixt. contains at least 1% metal; and (b) a method of reducing oxygen-bound iron and chromium.
Patent ES-2203658-T3 (ES)
Title: Procedimiento y dispositivo para mediciones de y remision y transmision espectral.
Inventor: KAPPEL PETER
IPC: G01N21/55
Filed: 1996-06-22
Granted: 2004-04-16
Abstract: PARA LA DETERMINACION DE VALORES DE COLORACION REFLECTANTES O TRANSPARENTES SOBRE CAPAS DE PELICULA DELGADA APLICADA SOBRE SUBSTRATOS SE UTILIZA UN PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA DETERMINACION DE LAS CURVAS DE GRADO DE REMISION, DONDE SE CORRIGEN LAS INESTABILIDADES PERTURBADORAS DE LA MEDICION DEL VALOR DE COLORACION, DE ACUERDO CON LAS CONDICIONES DEL APARATO, MEDIANTE NORMALIZACION DE LAS FUNCIONES DE RADIACION MEDIDAS SOBRE EL ESPECTRO DE LUZ DE MEDICION ACTUAL Y A TRAVES DE LA CONSIDERACION DE LOS INFLUJOS DE LUZ EXTRAÑA QUE SE DISPONEN EN LOS ESPECTROS DE MEDICION. EL DISPOSITIVO DE MEDICION ABARCA UNA FUENTE (4,6A) DE LUZ QUE ILUMINA LA SUPERFICIE DEL SUBSTRATO A SER INVESTIGADO, UN DISPOSITIVO OPTICO EN UNA PRIMERA VIA (20,9,8B,10B) DE RADIACION, CON EL CUAL ES DIRECCIONABLE LA LUZ REFLEJADA O TRANSMITIDA A PARTIR DEL SUBSTRATO SOBRE EL ESPACIO (16) DE ENTRADA DE UN DISPOSITIVO (14) DETECTOR DE LUZ Y DE APLICACION DISPERSIVA DE LUZ, DISPONIENDOSE DE MEDIOS, CON LOS QUE ES REALIZABLE EL ESPECTRO DE EMISION CARACTERISTICO EMITIDO A PARTIR DE LA FUENTE DE LUZ DE LA PORCION DE LUZ DIRECTA DEL DISPOSITIVO (14) DISPERSIVO DE LUZ EN BASE AL ANALISIS ESPECTRAL. PARA ELLO SON SEPARABLE LA PRIMERA VIA (20,9,8B,10B) DE RADIACION ASI COMO AL MENOS UNA SEGUNDA VIA (13,8A,10A) DE RADIACION RESPECTIVAMENTE DE FORMA CAMBIANTE CON UN DISPOSITIVO (11B,11A) DE DIAFRAGMA CON APLICACION DE DENSIDAD DE LUZ. LA FUENTE (6A) DE LUZ SE COMPONE DE UNA ESFERA (6A) DE FOTOMETRO, EN LA QUE SE APLICA UNA LAMPARA (4). COMO LAMPARA (4) SE HA PREVISTO UNA FUENTE DE LUZ DURADERA, EN PARTICULAR UNA LAMPARA DE LUZ HALOGENA. LAS INESTABILIDADES DEBIDO A LAS CONDICIONES DE TIEMPO LARGAS SE CORRIGEN ESENCIALMENTE CON UNA FORMA ESTANDAR Y TENIENDO EN CUENTA INESTABILIDADES DE TIEMPO CORTO BAJO CONSIDERACION DE LOS ESPECTROS DE EMISION CARACTERISTICOS DE LA LAMPARA (4) UTILIZADA.