Patent GB-191509851-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Internal Combustion Turbine Engines.
Inventor: ESNAULT-PELTERIE ROBERT
IPC: F23R3/54
Filed: 1915-07-06
Abstract: 9851. Pelterie, R. Esnault-. July 8, 1914, [Convention date]. Working-fluid supply.-In a gas turbine wherein the exhaust gases are utilized to heat the air charge on its way from the compressor to the combustion chamber, the latter chamber is constructed so that the air charge is divided into two parts, only one of which is carburetted and burnt, the two parts being then remixed and delivered to the turbine nozzles, which, with low compression ensuring a speed of flow less than that of sound, may be simple converging nozzles. Several expansion stages may be provided, the incompletely burnt gases being passed into a combustion chamber for reheating between each stage of expansion. A device is provided to regulate the temperature of the gases acting on the turbine. The compressedair charge is supplied to an annular chamber a, which delivers it in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 1, in two parts to the chambers b, c. A nozzle d delivers combustible to the chamber c, and after ignition this part unites at the end f with the air from the part b and is delivered through the annular chamber g to the nozzle h of the turbine i. The ignition is started by a plug e, after which the combustion is continuous. The turbine shaft may be supported on two bearings by modifying the disposition of the combustion chamber. The compressed air is supplied by the port u, Fig. 2, to the chamber a through a number of spiral tubes encased in a spiral pipe q, which may enclose the combustion chamber. The exhaust gases from the turbine enter the spiral q by a port v and discharge through an orifice s at the other end after heating the compressed air in the tubes p. By this arrangement, the temperature increases from the exterior to the interior of the chamber. A valve device, Fig. 3, is provided for throttling the admission of combustible, in the event of the temperature of the gases supplied to the turbine increasing beyond a predetermined limit. A metal rod a<1> having a high coefficient of expansion is housed in a tube b<1>, Figs. 1 and 3, of less expansive metal, so that when subjected to a certain temperature, its plug point c<1> closes an orifice d' and opposes the passage of combustible arriving through a tube e' for admission to a pipe f<1> leading to the combustion chamber. The temperature at which throttling occurs is regulated by adjusting the position of the seating d<1> by means of a screw g<1>, which can be controlled either by hand or governor, or by both simultaneously. By increasing the number of pairs of metals placed concentrically one within the other, a very sensitive throttling- device may be obtained. In addition to this temperature-control device, regulation is effected by a governor-controlled throttle valve placed at another point of the combustible inlet pipe. For delivering the compressed air, a special centrifugal compressor is used, having its blades disposed so that the pressure obtained is dependent on the speed of rotation and nearly independent of the delivery, the tangent w<2> at the outlet end of the blade a<2> making a small angle with the radius passing through this outlet, as shown in Fig. 4, or the direction of egress w<3> being arranged to be nearly perpendicular to the tangent w<2> as shown in Fig. 5.