Patent GB-190900609-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Gas Turbines.
Inventor: BOUR EDOUARD FRANCOIS
Filed: 1909-01-09
Granted: 1909-11-25
Abstract: 609. Bour, E. F. Jan. 9. Circular - flow type; cooling. parts; working- fluid supply. -A gas turbine comprises a reciprocating or rotary compressor on the turbine shaft, a storage chamber arranged annularly around the turbine, and explosion chambers fitted with inlet and outlet valves. Fig. 4 shows the compressor A of the reciprocating type, the cylinders containing the pistons a being disposed radially about the cranked shaft A<1> of the turbine E. The crank chamber A<2> contains oil. The mixture is drawn into each cylinder through a pipe b from an annular chamber B' in communication with the carburettor, and is delivered into an annular storage chamber C. Suitable suction valves b', delivery valves b<2>, and safety-valves b<4> are fitted. Pipes c provided with stop-valves c<1> connect the storage chamber C with the air or water-cooled explosion chambers D, two of which are shown in Fig. 5. Each chamber has a conical inlet valve d<1>, ported at d<3>, and adapted to admit the mixture from pipe c, when rocked by a cam-operated rod f, and also a conical outlet valve d<2> which is under the control of a cam-operated rod f<1>. The outlet valve is rocked, when an explosion occurs, by a piston actuated by explosion gases so that the products of combustion may exhaust through the port d<4> to the nozzle D<4> of the turbine. Thus, if a miss-fire occurs, the unburnt gases are not admitted to the turbine. One half of each explosion chamber D may be formed integral with the turbine casing E. The peripheries of the conical valves d<1>, d<2> are recessed to reduce friction, and springs on their pins keep them on their seats. The space surrounding each valve contains oil. The . valve-operating cams F, F<1> are fixed on the turbine shaft, or on a shaft driven thereby. The inlet valve is opened by the rod f acting on a lever on the valve pin d<1x>, and is closed by a spring. When it is closed, the contact made between a projection e<1> on the rod f and a projection e<2> causes a sparking-plug to ignite the charge. The outlet valve d<2> is immediately opened by the rod g<2>, Fig. 6, of a piston G<1> which works in a cylinder G communicating with the explosion chamber D through an opening g. The rod g<2> embraces a lever f<1x> on the pin d<2x> of the valve d<2>. A spring-pressed catch g<4> prevents the closing of the valve until the end g<4x> of the catch is acted on by the cam - operated rod f<1>. A spring g<1> then closes the valve and returns the piston G<1>. Scavenging of the burnt charge may be effected by a small jet of gas allowed to enter the explosion chamber through a channel cut on the facing of the inlet port d<3> of the valve d<1>. The explosion chambers may be charged alternately. The storage chamber C may have one or more collapsible plates, which give way if an explosion occurs in it. A gauze screen may be fitted to prevent such back-explosion. Fig. 7 shows a modification in which the compression is effected in a multistage rotary fan A. The turbine is cooled by a water-jacket E<5>, and by air drawn into the casing at e<3> and ejected at e<4> by the action of fan-like blades carried by the spokes E<1> of the wheel. The inner circumference of the wheel may also be fitted with radiating plates e<5>. Exhaust ports E<4> are arranged in the casing, and holes e<6> may also be provided to carry away any gas that spills over the cheeks of the wheel. The fixed vanes E<3> of the Pelton wheel, illustrated, may be dispensed with. De Laval or other types of turbines may be used. In starting-up, the valves c<1> are closed and the shaft is rotated until the chamber C is charged. The speed is regulated by manipulating the cock c<1>. A gas chamber of variable capacity may be interposed between the compressor and the storage chamber. The conical valves d<1>, d<2> may be replaced by disk or mushroom valves. According to the Provisional Specification, air may be compressed into the storage chamber, and liquid fuel may be pumped into the combustion chamber through a spraying-device. The spark may be produced by a contact made by a lug on the inlet valve.