Patent EA-003796-B1 (EA)
Title: Method(variants) and system for representing data in a multi-dimensional space
Inventor: AGRAFIOTIS DIMITRIS K
IPC: G06F19/00
Filed: 1999-05-07
Abstract: 1. A method of representing data concerning the similarity of objects in multidimensional space by representing relationships between objects as distances from one another on a display map, characterized by giving to the objects the position data and placing on the display map in accordance with position data, then by selecting a sub-set of the objects, wherein the selected sub-set of objects includes associated relationships between objects in the selected sub-set, then after specifying the data, the distances between the objects on the display map are revised basing on the relationships between the objects and the distances, following by repeating steps of selecting of sub-sets and revising of distances for additional sub-sets of objects from the set of objects, wherein the revised distances between the objects reflect relationships between the objects. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein selecting of sub-sets of objects is realized by pairs having an associated pair-wise relationship. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein if the relationships between one or more pairs of objects are unknown, the selecting of sub-sets of objects and revising of distances and repeating the selecting of sub-sets of objects and revising of distances are realized only for pairs of objects for which an associated relationship is known and for the pairs of objects for which relationships are not known are adapted with bringing of them to the value, providing satisfactory enclosure for known relationships. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein when one or more pairs of objects are related by bounded uncertainties, revising the distance on the display map between a pair of objects that are related by a relationship with a bounded uncertainty is realized as by set of allowable ranges of relationship values, only when the distance falls outside the specified ranges. 5. The method according to claim 2, wherein when one or more pairs of objects are related by bounded uncertainties, revising the distance on the display map between a pair of objects that are related by a relationship with a bounded uncertainty realized by upper limit of allowable relationship values, only when the distance falls above the specified upper limit. 6. The method according to claim 2, wherein when one or more pairs of objects are related by bounded uncertainties, revising the distance on the display map between a pair of objects that are related by a relationship with a bounded uncertainty is realized by lower limit set of allowable relationship values, only when the distance falls outside the specified ranges. 7. The method according to claim 2, wherein when one or more pairs of objects are related by unbounded uncertainties, identifying a pair of objects for which the corresponding relationship contains an unbounded uncertainty is held with following removing the relationship that contains the unbounded uncertainty and allowing the distance between the objects for which the corresponding relationship has been removed to adapt during performance of steps of repeating of selecting a sub-sets of objects, revising of distances and new repeating of selecting by bringing of said distance to the value, providing satisfactory enclosure for known relationships. 8. The method according to claim 2, revising the distance is realized iteratively in accordance with equation: wherein t is number of current operation, xi(t) and xj(t) are the following coordinates of I- and j- objects on the display card, rij is relationship between I- and j- objects, dij=II xi(t) -xj(t) II - distance between i- and j- objects and λ(t) - alternating or constant parameter. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein parameter λ is given constant in process of revising of distance between objects. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein parameter λ is given as monotone decreasing in process of revising of distance between objects. 11. The method according to claim 8, wherein parameter λ is given as alternative depending on I, j, and/or rij in process of revising of distance between objects. 12. The method according to claim 8, wherein parameter λ is given as relationship function between selected pair of objects rij and is defined, in particular, by formula or by formula wherein λmax and λmin -initial and finite values of λ, λmax and λmin being [belongs to] [0.1], T is common number of iterations, t is number of current iteration, alpha is constant scaling factor. 13. The method according to claim 11, wherein parameter λ is given as a function of at least one selected object. 14. The method according to claim 11, wherein parameter λ is given as a function of selected pair of objects. 15. The method according to claim 1, wherein revising the distances is realized using a conventional multi-dimensional scaling technique. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein revising the distances is realized using a conventional non-linear scaling technique. 17. The method according to claim 1, wherein revising the distance is realized by computing an error function value and following specifying a distance using a gradient descent procedure. 18. The method according to claim 1, provided that said objects are not chemical objects. 19. A method of representing data concerning the similarity of objects in multidimensional space by representing relationships between objects as distances from one another on a display map, characterized by placing on the display map, then selecting a sub-set of the objects by associated relationships between objects, and selecting in the said sub-set of pair objects having associated pair-wise relationship, then the distances between the objects on the display map are revised basing on the relationships between the objects and the distances, following by repeating steps of selecting of over said pairs and revising of distances and obtaining additional pairs of objects from the common set of objects. 20. The method according to claim 19, characterized by further selecting a second sub-set of objects and iterative repeating the selecting and revising the distance for pairs of objects in the second selected sub-set of objects. 21. A system of representing data concerning the similarity of objects in multidimensional space by representing relationships between objects as distances from one another on a display map, characterized in that it is provided by a coordinate module that places the objects on a display map; a sub-set selector for revision of the distance (s) therebetween; and a coordinate revision module that revises the distance (s) between objects in the selected sub-set based on a difference between the distance (s) and the corresponding relationship, wherein the entry of a sub-set selector for revision of the distance is concerned with exit of a coordinate module of placing the objects on display map, exit of sub-set selector for revision of the distances between them is concerned with entry of a coordinate revision module that revises the distances between objects in the selected sub-set, and entry of coordinate module of placing the objects on display map is concerned with exit of coordinate revision module that revises the distances between objects in the selected sub-set. 22. The system according to claim 21, further comprising a sub-set selector that selects pairs of objects for revision of the distance therebetween. 23. The system according to claim 21, further comprising a sub-set selector that selects more than two objects for revision of the distances therebetween; and a coordinate revision module that revises the distances between objects in selected sub-sets using conventional techniques. 24. The system according to claim 23, further comprising a coordinate revision module that computes an error function value using a conventional technique and that revises the distances using a gradient descent procedure. 25. The system according to claim 23, further comprising a coordinate revision module that computes an error function value using a conventional multi-dimensional scaling technique. 26. The system according to claim 23, further comprising a coordinate revision module that computes an error function value using a conventional non-linear scaling technique.