Patent GB-368772-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of artificial materials
IPC: C08G12/00
Filed: 1930-09-08
Abstract: Materials approximating in properties to any stage between those of glass and rubber are made by incorporating a substance that may be made according to Specification 25246/11, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], (and referred to as oxytrimethylene sulphide) or a derivative (such as an ester or ether) or a polymer of such sulphide with a condensation product of an aldehyde and urea, thiourea, dicyandiamide, or like ammonia derivatives of carbon dioxide or of sulphur derivatives of carbon dioxide at any stage of the condensation, with or without an ester such as a chlorhydrin or a derivative such as an ester or ether of a chlorhydrin of a dihydric or polyhydric alcohol which is said to act as a diluent or solvent which has little influence on the product. The products may be used for a great variety of specified purposes. The condensation may be effected with a basic agent such as ammonia, pyridine, a basic salt or an alkali, or with an acid agent such as a dilute inorganic acid such as sulphuric, glycerin-sulphuric, or glycerin-phosphoric acid or an organic acid such as tartaric or citric acid, or an acid salt, and an accelerator may be added such as a phosphate, phthalic acid, or hexamethylene tetramine sulphocyanide, and these accelerators may be added after the condensation is effected. Moreover the condensation may be effected in presence of a phenol, or a phenyl-urea or other derivative of phenol, in which case a part such as 25 per cent of the urea or thiourea may be replaced by an equivalent quantity of the phenol. At any stage of the process any agent known to impart plasticity or elasticity may be added, such as glycerin, glycol, cyclohexanol, or the like, or another colloid such as a natural resin or rubber may be incorporated in the product.  In examples (1) thiourea is mixed with formaldehyde and oxytrimethylene sulphide is added, the mixture being heated to 60 DEG  C., cooled to 30 DEG  C. and maintained at that point for 20-26 hours, the product being spread on a glass plate at 60 DEG  C. to produce a pliable film; or the solution is concentrated under reduced pressure at 40 DEG  C. to a syrup, which may be spread on a glass sheet or moulded; (8) oxytrimethylene sulphide is added to a mixture of urea, thiourea, and formaldehyde; (14) the oxytrimethylene sulphide is only added to the other reagents after the condensation, for example before cooling to 30 DEG  C. or directly before working up the product into films, plates, or the like; (15-17) a -dichlorhydrin is added to the mixtures used in the preceding examples, at the beginning or after the condensation or directly before working up the product; (18) a cotton fabric is coated by a spreading-machine with a solution made by any of the preceding examples with or without concentration, the solution or syrup being used alone or mixed with filling material such as zinc oxide or china clay or with a dye, lake, or pigment such as soot, ochre or mica, the product resembling leather; it may be calendared, embossed, etc.; (19 and 20) a solution prepared as above described, preferably after concentrating to a syrup, is spun in known manner to produce fibres or is used to coat wood, metal, &c. Instead of a -dichlorhydrin, there may be used ethylene chlorhydrin, b -dichlorhydrin, a - and b - monochlorhydrin, epichlorhydrin, mannitol chlorhydrin, mannitol dichlorhydrin, pinacone chlorhydrin or dichlorhydrin, or diacetin; and instead of chlorine derivatives, there may be used bromine or iodine derivatives.ALSO:Materials approximating in properties to any stage between p those of glass and rubber are made by incorporating a substance that may be made by the process of Specification 25246/11, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], (and referred to as oxytrimethylene sulphide) or a derivative (such as an ester or ether or a polymer of such a sulphide) with a condensation product of an aldehyde with urea, thiourea, dicyandiamide or other arsenic derivative of carbon dioxide or of a sulphur derivative of carbon dioxide at any stage of the condensation, and with or without an ester such as a chlorhydrin or a derivative such as an ester or ether of a dihydric or polyhydric alcohol which is said to act as a diluent or solvent having little influence on the product.  The products may be used for a great variety of specified purposes.  The condensation may be effected with various specified condensing agents, and if desired in presence of phenol or a phenyl-urea or other derivative of phenol in which case a part, such as 25 per cent of the urea or thiourea may be replaced by an equivalent quantity of the phenol.  Plastifying agents may be added at any stage, such as glycerine, glycol, cyclohexanol, or the like, or another colloid such as a natural resin or rubber may be incorporated in the product.  In example 18 a cotton fabric is coated by a spreading machine with a solution made as described in the previous examples with or without concentration to a syrup, the solution being used alone or mixed with filling materials such as zinc oxide or china clay or with a dye, lake or pigment such as soot, ochre or mica, the product resembling leather; it may be calendered, embossed, &c.