baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-970287-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for the purification of sugar solutions
IPC: C13B20/14
Filed: 1963-03-14
Abstract: <PICT:0970287/C1/1> In purifying an industrial sugar solution or juice, it is passed through an anion exchanger containing exchangeable carbonate or bi-carbonate ions, then divided into two portions, one portion is passed through a cation exchanger containing exchangeable ammonium ions and then mixed with the other portion and the resulting mixture is heated and boiled, e.g. under reduced pressure, to expel ammonium carbonate and yield a purified, e.g. concentrated sugar solution, the pH of which is measured and used to control the ratio between the volumes of the aforesaid two portions, so that the purified solution is kept substantially free from ammonium compounds and free acids.  Using the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, thin, e.g. softened, sugar juice is fed into the top of a column 1 containing a bed 4 of the anion exchanger disposed above a bed 5 of the cation exchanger. The beds meet at a boundary 3.  The juice passes through the bed 4 and part of it is diverted through nozzles 2 arranged in the form of a lattice and disposed immediately below the boundary 3, a valve 6 and a pipe 11 into a mixer 9.  The remainder of the juice passes through the bed 5, nozzles 8 and a pipe 10 into the said mixer. The mixture passes from the mixer 9, through a pipe 12 into and through an evaporator 13, where it is concentrated to form thick juice, whose pH value is measured by a pH meter 15, connected to a device 7 controlling the valve 6.ALSO:<PICT:0970287/C6-C7/1> In purifying an industrial sugar solution or juice, it is passed through an anion exchanger containing exchangeable carbonate or bicarbonate ions, then divided into two portions, one portion is passed through a cation exchanger containing exchangeable ammonium ions and then mixed with the other portion and the resulting mixture is heated and boiled, e.g. under reduced pressure, to expel ammonium carbonate and yield a purified, e.g. concentrated sugar solution, the pH of which is measured and used to control the ratio between the volumes of the aforesaid two portions, so that the purified solution is kept substantially free from ammonium compounds and free acids. Using the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, thin, e.g. softened, sugar juice is fed into the top of a column 1 containing a bed 4 of the anion exchanger disposed above a bed 5 of the cation exchanger.  The beds meet at a boundary 3. The juice passes through the bed 4 and part of it is diverted through nozzles 2 arranged in the form of a lattice and disposed immediately below the boundary 3, a valve 6 and a pipe 11 into a mixer 9.  The remainder of the juice passes through the bed 5, nozzles 8 and a pipe 10 into the said mixer.  The mixture passes from the mixer 9, through a pipe 12 into and through an evaporator 13, where it is concentrated to form thick juice, whose pH value is measured by a pH meter 15, connected to a device 7 controlling the valve 6.
Patent GB-468583-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in devices for reducing the recoil of firearms
IPC: F41A1/08
Filed: 1936-04-07
Abstract: 468,583. Guns cartridges- HUGHES, R. H. S. April 7, 1936, No. 10236. [Classes 9 (i), 92 (ii), and 119] The breech-block 2 of a gun is formed with outwardly diverging rearwardly directed ports 14 to eject gases rearwards to reduce recoil. A flared deflector 15 with handles 16<1> may extend rearward of the breech-block. When the propellent charge is in a cartridge case, the base of the case is made with holes 17 to register with the ports 14 and with a side rib 18 adapted to fit a side groove in the gun barrel to ensure correct position of the holes 17 opposite the ports 14. The holes are normally closed by a cover 20, which is ripped open by a transverse strip 22 before the cartridge is used.
Patent GB-419358-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of aqueous emulsions of bitumen, pitch or tar
IPC: C08L95/00
Filed: 1933-04-05
Abstract: Aqueous emulsions of petroleum or natural bitumen, asphalt, or tar or pitch from coal, brown coal, wood, or shale, or mixtures thereof, are prepared by mixing with the principal ingredient a small quantity of an alkali phenolate and amylaceous matter solubilized with alkali or a previously prepared mixture of a soap and such amylaceous matter, together with a quantity of water not exceeding 30 per cent of the principal ingredient.  The soap employed may be a commercial soap or ingredients forming it, or a naphthenic or resin soap.  The alkali phenolate employed may be the product of reaction of an alkali with any phenolic compound which may occur naturally in the bituminous or like base employed. The amylaceous matter may contain naturally occurring nitrogenous matter which acts as a stabilizer or alkali casein may be added at any stage for this purpose.  The emulsion may be prepared with or without the aid of a colloid mill and may be diluted for use or combined, with or without heating, with oils, tars, or the like to form "water in oil" emulsions; they may also be combined with mineral substances such as asphaltic rock, shale, calcareous matters, powdered slate, clay, cement, coal, sludge, brown coal, coke, or with wood or cork refuse or dust.  The products of the invention may be employed in road-making and building construction, for waterproof in general, and as agglomerating agents. Examples--(1) 1 kg. of flour such as cassava flour, is suspended in 20 kg. of hot or cold water, solubilized by the addition of 200 gms. of concentrated caustic soda solution, and 1 kg. of potash soap dissolved in 3 kg. of water stirred in; the mixture is then stirred into 100 kg. of soft petroleum pitch; the product may be diluted for use or mixed with twice its weight of crude or other coal tar.  (2) To 3 kgs. of saponified liquid resin, (derived from wood-pulp paper manufacture), dissolved in 4 kg. of water, 20 kg. of water containing 800 gm. of starch is added, the starch being solubilized by the alkali in the soap; the mixture is mixed at 70 DEG  C. with 125 kg. of an equal-part mixture of coal tar and bitumen.  (3) To a mixture of 60 kg. of bitumen and 60 kg. of continuous-retort or gas-producer, tar (rich in phenols), is added 1 kg. of caustic soda in concentrated solution, and 600 gms. of flour solubilized with alkali as in (1). The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to the use with soaps or alkali phenolates of glycogen, celluloses, starches, dextrines, sugars, gums, vegetable glues and gelatines, and gives an example of the use of alkali casein in preparing an emulsion similar to that in (1) above.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-822797-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacturing of dl--a-bromo--ß hydroxy-butyric acid
IPC: C07C59/115
Filed: 1958-04-01
Abstract: DL-a -bromo-b -hydroxybutyric acid is prepared by bringing together in an aqueous medium crotonic acid and N-bromosuccinimide, whereby at least one (preferably substantially one) molecular proportion of hypobromous acid is generated in situ per molecular proportion of crotonic acid, and adds at the double bond thereof; and isolating the product. Preferably the reaction is effected at room temperature; the reaction medium may be water, a homogeneous mixture of water with an organic solvent such as acetone, or a two-phase mixture of water with an organic solvent such as ether.  The product may be extracted by saturating the reaction mixture with sodium chloride and extracting with a water-immiscible organic solvent such as ether.
Patent GB-117262-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Governors.
Inventor: DOUGLAS THEODORE
IPC: G05D13/00
Filed: 1917-04-12
Abstract: 117,262. Douglas, T. April 12, 1916, [Convention date]. Closure members, rotary cylindrical.-A hit and miss valve particularly adapted for use with speed-regulating governors has the openings in the valve member and seat tapered towards the contacting surface to give a Venturi-tube effect. The cylindrical valve seat 15 is carried by a member 17 having an external flange 16 and an internal strengthening rib 18. The valve member 6 is supported by a quadrant 4 and ribs 9 from a boss 10 turning on a shaft 5. The boss 10 has a forked extension 11 adapted to straddle a sliding member 12 to which it is connected by pin-and-slot mechanism 14. The sliding member slides in bearings 23, 24, is adjustably loaded by a spring 26 regulated by moving the bearing 23, and is adjustably connected to the actuating spindle 13, said adjustment being effected by a notched wheel 27 secured by a pin 28. These adjusting-means, as well as the outer ends of two adjustable stops 19, are arranged in a box 21,. closed by a cap 22 secured by a pin 29 and padlock 31.
Patent GB-105682-A (GB)
IPC: B65H49/20
Abstract: 105,682. Brougham, F. J., (Risher, A. W.). July 11, 1916. Swifts.-A reel or swift for use in winding and unwinding coils of wire comprises a frame with handles 9 carrying a stationary standard 14, upon which is loosely mounted an externally threaded tubular standard 21. A disk 18 is secured to the lower end of this standard and is provided with radial slots, some of which are engaged by sliding blocks 24 to which are pivoted wire engaging arms 30. Links 31 connect the arms 30 to a sleeve 33 loose on the standard 21 and detachably connected to a nut 35 with operating handles 36. Movement of the nut along the screw adjusts the arms 30. The reel &c. is rotated by a handle 40 mounted on the squared end of the standard 21. The blocks 24 are provided with rollers engaging the upper and lower surfaces of the disk 18. The disk 18, when distorted by the thrust of the links 31 forcing the arms 30 into engagement with the wire coil, rests on rollers 25 mounted on the frame.
Patent GB-1137514-A (GB)
Title: Gas-tight sealing device for rotary piston internal-combustion engines
IPC: F01C19/10
Filed: 1966-03-11
Abstract: 1,137,514. Rotary-piston internal combustion engines. VANMAR DIESEL ENGINE CO. Ltd. March 11, 1966 [March 11, 1965], No. 10822/66. Heading F1F. In a rotary-piston I. C. engine of the type comprising a casing having an n lobed trochoidal inner peripheral profile, a planetary rotatable n+1 sided piston and a gastight apex seal at each piston corner, at least one seal comprises an axially-extending groove 5, Figs.1, 2, housing a relatively thin sealing strip 7 and a support block comprising a central sub-block 33 and side blocks 31 having complementary slant surfaces 9. The sealing strip 7 is supported solely by the central sub-block 33 which is urged radially outwards by gaseous pressure admitted to beneath the block from the working chamber at the higher pressure. The side blocks are also loaded by a spring 11 which urges them radially outwards and axially into sealing engagement with the adjacent side faces 17 of the engine casing, to maintain a gastight seal even though wear should occur. A cavity 10 in the sub-block 33 reduces weight and minimizes force of impact of the sealing strip against the inner peripheral wall of the casing. In another embodiment, the sealing strip 7 is in the form of an inverted "U" either made in one or two parts and a plurality of axially extending recesses communicating through a radial passage with the underside of the central block are provided in the upper face of the central block.
Patent GB-484029-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with gas producers or generators
IPC: C10J3/00
Filed: 1937-04-15
Abstract: 484,029. Gas-producers. TUGWOOD, R. J. (Hansa Gas-Generatoren Ges.) April 15, 1937, No. 10825. [Class 55 (i)] A gas generator, particularly for use in vehicles, is provided with a fuel container 1 suspended from its top and the lower edge of which terminates above the grate 3 so that the grate is covered by a layer of ash and clinker through which air or air and steam flow to the fuel through a casing 2. A lower portion 8 of the container may be removed and displaced leaving an elevated edge 7 under which the air passes from a cover 6 which may be perforated, or may, as in Fig. 9, take the form of a closure 200 with a pivoted flap 210 controlled by a cam 230. The lower edge 7 may be provided with a replaceable water-cooled metal bar 11 the steam from which is used to saturate the air blast. For starting up, the flap 210 is closed, and the air enters through nozzle 24 a localized. hot zone being obtained which quickly yield,.; a good gas. More than one nozzle 24 may be provided, or a nozzle having an elongated orifice may be used. In Fig. 8 is shown a cylindrical fuel container used with a rotating grate, air entering through openings 20.
Patent GB-352080-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of reaction products of rubber
IPC: C08C19/00
Filed: 1930-04-05
Abstract: Sticky reaction products of rubber are produced by treating rubber with substantial amounts of organic nitroso compounds.  The compounds which are used include nitrosobenzene, nitrosamines such as dimethyl nitrosamine, para-nitrosodiphenylamine, p-nitrosotoluene, p-nitrosophenol, or mixtures thereof.  These products are used for bonding rubber compositions with metals or wood.  The reaction may be carried out by milling in the nitroso compound, or mixing rubber latex with an aqueous dispersion of the nitroso compound, or by mixing the rubber dissolved in any solvent with a solution of the nitroso compound.  Example: 250 grams of para-nitrosodimethylaniline are milled into 750 grams of rubber for about half an hour at 80 DEG C.  The product is allowed to mature for 24 hours before being used.
Patent GB-1339978-A (GB)
Title: Production of cyclohexane
IPC: C07C5/10
Filed: 1971-04-22
Abstract: 1339978 Cyclohexane GULF RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CO 22 April 1971 [4 May 1970] 10884/71 Heading C5E Cyclohexane is produced by contacting a mixture of benzene, hydrogen and cyclohexane with a hydrogenating catalyst of particle diameter 0À63-2À54 mm. at 177-260 C. and a space-time of 0À005-0À08 weight catalyst-hours per weight total feed in the reactor. Preferably a plurality of zones is used and the catalyst particle diameter in the final zone is within the above range and is substantially smaller than the catalyst particles in the preceding zone(s). The catalyst comprises a Group VI or VIII metal on a support, e.g. Ni on kieselguhr.
Patent GB-199195-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to hand tools
IPC: B26B11/00
Filed: 1922-04-18
Abstract: 199,195. Johnson, J. April 18, 1922. Pocket-knives. - A knife blade is detachably held between the resilient arms 4, Fig. 2. of a U-shaped mem. ber 3 upon which is slidably mounted a sheath 1, Fig. 1, for causing the arms to grip or release the blade. The ends 7 of the arms have V-grooves 8, Fig. 3, to engage the bevelled edges of the shank 6 of the blade and holes 10 to receive pivot projections 9 on the shank. The sheath 1 abuts against shoulders 11 on the arms 4 and is retained bv a spring catch 12, Fig. 7, adapted to engage a notch 15 in the member 3. To release the sheath, the catch 12 is turned on its pivot 13 into alignment with a notch 17, Fig. 2, in the member 3. When not in use, the blade may be turned on its pivots 9 to lie within the sheath.
Patent GB-1378074-A (GB)
Title: Piston rings
IPC: F16J9/20
Filed: 1972-03-09
Abstract: 1378074 Piston rings LENINGRADSKY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY I KONSTRUKTORSKY INSTITUT KHIMICHESKOGO MASHINOSTROENIA 9 March 1972  10906/72 Heading F2T A piston ring 1 is formed with blind slots 2 open to one end face 4 and to the outer surface 3 and with slots 5 located between adjacent blind slots 2 and each forming a channel extending between the end faces 4 and 6 and opening to the outer surface 3, the parts between adjacent slots 2 and 5 forming flexible bridges 8. In use, the end faces 4 and 6 are directed towards the relatively low and the relatively high working fluid pressure respectively. The ring is fitted in a piston groove without clearance or with minimum clearance and in operation, the fluid pressure on the ring presses its face 4 against the opposed side of the groove so that the outlets of slots 5 on face 4 are covered. The ring is also urged outwardly by the fluid pressure against the cylinder wall. As shown in Fig. 4, an insert 9 may be fitted against the inner surface 7 of the ring. The ring 1 may be of non metallic material, e.g. a fluoroplastic-based material and may be provided with an expander (not shown).
Patent GB-708539-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to motion transmission methods applicable to the production ofhelical rulings or the like, of use especially for forming diffraction gratings
Inventor: SAYCE LEONARD ALFRED
IPC: B23G7/00
Filed: 1951-05-09
Abstract: 708,539. Screw and nut gearing. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. May 9, 1952 [May 9, 1951], No. 10952/51. Class 80 (3) A screw for co-operating with a nut of elastic material as described in Specification 684,846, to provide a uniform relative axial movement between the screw and nut on relative rotation thereof, is formed as a composite thread by a plurality of individual cutting elements 2a-f which cut or inscribe a plurality of short lengths h1-6 of a continuous thread of the screw 1 so that traverse of each element is only a small fractional part of the total length of thread whereby the incidence of progressive error in the traversing screw 3 is minimized. The plurality of individual cutting elements may be constituted by an abrasive material which is applied to the cylindrical surface of the screw 1.
Patent GB-493946-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to loader-conveyors used in conjunction with mining machines
IPC: E21C27/02
Filed: 1937-04-19
Abstract: 493,946. Mining-machines. LOGAN, W. A. April 19, 1937, No. 11052. [Class 68 (i)] In a mining-machine with one or more laterally-extending cutter-chain jibs, a shearing cutter operating substantially at the inner end of the cut or cuts made by such jibs, and a loader-conveyor for removing the broken coal, the loader-conveyor is embodied in a separate unit handed by the machine to which it is connected by means allowing adjustment of their relative positions while the machine is working. As shown, the machine A has an undercutting jib B and a vertically adjustable overcutting jib C, and the loader-conveyer E is pivotally connected thereto by an interchangeable arm 2 and a turnbuckle 7. The shearing cutter G is carried by the loader-conveyer, these parts being driven either by an independent motor or from the motor of the mining machine. Cuttings made by the jibs B, C, may be deposited on the loader-conveyer by a transverse conveyer, while cuttings made by the shearing cutter may be removed as described in Specification 488,386. Specifications 411,256, 433,168, and 455,437 also are referred to.
Patent GB-772558-A (GB)
Title: Voltage divider
IPC: H01C1/16
Filed: 1955-04-18
Abstract: 772,558. Fixed resistors; holders for discharge tubes. ERIE RESISTOR CORPORATION. April 18, 1955 [June 28, 1954], No. 11066/55., Classes 37 and 38 (1). A voltage divider comprises a base member carrying a circular series of terminal elements and a resistance coating extending inwardly from each socket to an arcuate central resistance coating whereby the terminal elements are connected through resistive elements to tappings on the arcuate resistor. As shown, the resistor is in the form of a socket for an electrondischarge tube and comprises a ceramic base carrying a series of eyelet sockets 1 to 9, each connected to metallized surface such as 15 and thus to radial resistive coatings la to 9a. These terminate on an arcuate resistor coating 20 connected at one end to a metallized terminal coating 21 and at the other end through a metallized coating to a eyelet 12 in turn connected through a further resistive element 18 to an eyelet 11. The resistive arms 8a and 9a are of lesser value than the remaining arms. The coatings may comprise a mixture of varnish and conductive particles such as powdered carbon and may be applied by painting or by the silk screen technique.
Patent GB-544252-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of non-detonating fuzes for blasting and similar purposes
IPC: C06C5/08
Filed: 1940-07-01
Abstract: 544,252. Blasting fuzes. CALDWELL, W. A., WHITE, A. G., and IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. July 1, 1940, No. 11091. [Classes 9 (i) and 9 (ii)] A non-detonating fuze for blasting comprises a deflagrating mixture of oxidizing and reducing agents bound together by a non-volatile non- detonating binding material of nitro-cellulose having colloidal properties but free from nitroglycerine so as to form a paste which is extruded from a press through a die to form an imperforate core, which is enclosed in an envelope of less combustible or incombustible material. A soft fine metal or alloy wire may be incorporated in the core. The paste is fed from a chamber which may be heated through a jacket 4 by a screw feed 2 into a chamber having a die 6 at its outlet while threads of textile material and wire 8 are fed through a guide 7 and the die at the same rate so that they are surrounded by the paste. If a volatile solvent is used for the binding material this is allowed to volatilize before the core is covered. If the protective coating for the core is to be of yarn this is spun directly on the core as it emerges from the extrusion press and the yarn is rendered waterproof by a coating glue, gelatine, casein, cellulose, dextrin, agar-agar gum arabic, or asphalt, tar, bitumen, resins or rubber. The oxidizing reducing deflagrating mixture is formed of nitrate, oxides, permanganates, chlorates, chromate, and oxidizable metals and alloys, silicides, charcoal and the like. Examples given are:- (1) a mixture of potassium nitrate and charcoal with a syrup of low viscosity nitrocellulose with dinitrotoluene isomers ; (2) a mixture of triphembic tetroxide with calcium silicide and syrup as before; (3) a mixture of potassium nitrate with charcoal and industrial nitrocelluse in acetone; (4) a mixture of potassium nitrate with charcoal and industrial nitrocellulose in dibutyl phthalate; (5) a mixture of triphembic tetroxide with calcium silicide and charcoal and syrup of industrial nitrocellulose and dibutyl phthalate.
Patent GB-376817-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric transformers
IPC: H01F27/32
Filed: 1931-04-15
Abstract: 376,817. Transformers. ONWOOD, A., 23, Hambledon Road, Southfields, London. April 15, 1931, No. 11155. [Class 38 (ii).] The primary winding pl, p<2> wound in four sections on two parallel core limbs a and cross connected to render it astatic to external fields, and the secondary winding s<1>, s<2> similarly wound, are enclosed in screening casings n insulated from the core and from one another. The casings consist of two parts n<1>, n2, Fig. 4, and a cover n<3>. Holes w for the core limbs are connected by a slit w<1> and fit over insulating bobbins f, the wall q of the casing making contact with a split liner l of copper foil and being clamped between the flanges k and spacer m, leaving a gap v between the parts n<1>, n<2>. Each screen may be connected to the mid-point of the winding it encloses.
Patent GB-541575-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in surface-dressing materials for roads and the like
IPC: E01C7/35
Filed: 1940-07-03
Abstract: 541,575. Coloured road chips. MIDLAND TAR DISTILLERS, Ltd., and PARKES, D. W. July 3, 1940, No. 11208. [Class 22] Chips suitable for dressing rods &c. are given a thin coating of a waterproof binder such as refined tar or asphalt and coloured by a pigment, the particles of which are held by but not submerged in the binder, which is substantially completely hidden by the pigment. The amount of pigment required is reduced by incorporating a finely divided powder, such as granite flour, limestone dust, whiting or slate dust.