baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-192759-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pistons for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02F3/00
Filed: 1921-11-05
Abstract: 192,759. General Electric Co., Ltd., and Pochobradsky, B. F. Nov. 5, 1921. Pistons, cooling; pistons, attaching to rod.-A piston for internal-combusticn engines, kept cool by the circulation of a cooling medium, comprises two or more concentric parts, the outer 3 of which is secured by bolts such as 4, to the piston-rod 1, and inner members 2, held in position by shoulders on the outer member. An inner core 6 is connected to a water-circulating pipe 8 within the piston-rod 1. The cooling medium enters by the pipe 8 and passes by channels 9, 10, 12, and 13 to the annular outlet in the piston-rod. In a modification the outer part 3 carries a skirt, which may carry rings, provided with internal radiating fins. In a modified construction for a double-acting engine, a central member is provided with recesses to accommodate nuts for the attachment of two parallel piston-rods, and is fitted at each end with an annular member such as 3 and an inner member such as 2. The cooling medium enters by one and leaves by the other piston-rod.
Patent GB-284425-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to sand or like moulds for making castings
IPC: B22C21/10
Filed: 1926-11-22
Abstract: 284,425. Last, J. Nov, 22, 1926. Guiding moulds.-During plate moulding complementary members 5, 11, Fig. 2, are positioned on opposite sides of, and in loose engagement with, the plate 1 but in aligning engagement with one another so that, after removing the plate, the members 5, 11 embedded in the sand, ensure the alignment of the re-assembled mould halves 2, 14, Fig. 3. Alignment of the members 5, 11 during moulding is ensured by intermediate members 9, Fig. 2, 5 or 6 or by arranging the projection 7 of such a length that it will engage the recess 13 whether the plate 1 is interposed or not.
Patent GB-379900-A (GB)
Title: An improved carburettor for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M19/03
Filed: 1931-10-24
Abstract: 379,900. Spray carburetters. LEMOINE, P. L., 81, Rue de la Tour, Paris. Oct. 24, 1931, No. 29569. Convention date, Nov. 21, 1930. Addition to 337,142, [Class 7 (iii), Internal-combustion engines, Carburetting-apparatus &c. for], and 369,942. [Class 7 (iii).] In the earlier Specifications 337,142 and 369,942 on which the present invention is based there is described a carburetter having an air inlet fitted with a loaded valve 6, a conduit 11 which directs a current of air across the fuel jet 3 issuing from a nozzle 12 and a float chamber 2 connected by a conduit 13 with the space 10 beyond the valve 6. According to the present invention, an automatic cut-ofi is provided in the conduit 13 so that when the throttle valve opens the pressure in the float chamber and thus the supply of fuel are increased. The float chamber 2 is connected by a conduit 132 to a channel 136 surrounding the conduit 13 and passages 87, 86, 84 place the channel in communication with a chamber 9 in front of the valve 6 through ports 133 controlled by a plunger 137. When the throttle valve 5 opens the loaded valve 6 fails to open immediately and thus the piston 137 rises in the conduit 13 to close the ports 133. When the valve 6 opens, communication is established between the float chamber 2 and the chamber 9, to increase the pressure in the float chamber. In a modified construction shown in Fig. 3, instead of the plunger 137 being open to the atmosphere at one end through a port 142 the plunger has a reduced part 137a and holes 140 place the space below the plunger in communication with the passages 84, 86, 87 and the chamber 9 in front of the valve 6.
Patent GB-1000912-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to butterfly valves
Inventor: THURSTON VICTOR NOEL
IPC: F16K1/226
Filed: 1963-07-25
Abstract: 1,000,912. Valves. BOVING & CO. Ltd. July 17, 1964 [July 25, 1963], No. 29580/63. Heading F2V. A butterfly valve comprises a cylindrical body 1 with a seating ring mounted therein and a blade 3 pivoted in the body, the seating ring consisting of a ring 6 of rubber or other resilient material with a frusto-conical inner peripheral surface against which the blade seals and a rigid backing ring 7 firmly secured to and supporting the rubber ring. The two rings may be secured together by bonding and the periphery of the blade is polished.
Patent GB-972929-A (GB)
Title: Telescopic lift ram for an industrial lift truck
IPC: B66F9/22
Filed: 1963-07-26
Abstract: 972,929. Ram for industrial lift trucks. YALE & TOWNE MANUFACTURING CO. July 26, 1963 [Aug. 10, 1962], No. 29660/63. Heading B8H. A telescopic lifting ram for an industrial lift truck has a small piston which is extended at a relatively fast speed before a larger piston is extended at a relatively slow speed. As shown, a small piston 13 slides in a larger piston 12 which slides within a cylinder 11. A piston head 23 of the larger piston has a check valve 37 for controlling flow of fluid from an end member 14 of the cylinder 11 into the large piston 12. A spring-pressed check valve 31 may be operated by a part 33 of the smaller piston 13. Assuming that the valve 31 is closed and that fluid is locked in an annular space 22 between the cylinder 11 and the larger piston 12, Fig. 1, piston 12 cannot extend when pressure is applied through a passage 17 in the end member 14 but the smaller piston 13 is extended at a relatively fast speed. At full extension, Fig. 2, the check valve 31 has been opened and fluid moves from the space 22 to the passage 17. Movement of fluid from the space 22 allows the larger piston 12 to extend and valve 37 is closed as a pin 39 of the valve 37 moves away from a surface 40. The smaller piston 13 is thus locked while the larger piston 12 extends relatively slowly. If the lifting pressure is allowed to discharge through the passage 17 by operation of a valve 20, the larger piston 12 retracts while piston 13 remains locked and extended. When the larger piston is fully retracted, valve 37 is opened due to contact with the surface 40 and the smaller piston retracts at its faster speed. The check valve 31 is closed by retraction of the smaller piston, thus locking the larger piston in fully retracted position preparatory to the next lifting operation.
Patent GB-801102-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to process of separating components of oleaginous mixtures by fractional crystallization
IPC: C11B7/00
Filed: 1955-10-18
Abstract: A process for separating the components of oleaginous matter by fractional crystallization, for example to obtain winterized salad oil from cottonseed oil, comprises dissolving the matter in a selective solvent, most suitably n-hexane, to form a miscella which is rapidly cooled to a <PICT:0801102/III/1> first critical temperature Ts above the highest freezing temperature Tc of the components of the miscella, then further cooled at a rate not exceeding 0.5 DEG  F. per minute to an ultimate temperature Tu intermediate between Tc and the gelling temperature Tj of the miscella, and finally separating the solute crystals formed from the miscella.  The fatty raw material for the process preferably contains small amounts of moisture which freezes to minute ice crystals in the course of the process and so provide nuclei on which crystals may form.  The miscella is preferably kept at the ultimate temperature Tu for 90-120 minutes and is gently stirred throughout the process.  A suitable apparatus as shown in the Figure, in which the process may be carried out, comprises a source of miscella 11, which passes through heat exchanger 12 into refrigerated heat exchanger 13 where the temperature is reduced to temperature Ts.  The miscella is then passed to winterizing tank 14 which is divided into several vertically aligned compartments 20, any of which may be by-passed if desired, and which assists in flow control, the contents of each compartment being stirred by paddles attached to rotating shaft 38. The time of passage of the miscella from entry until it reaches the floor 19 of the bottom of the tank is adjusted to 90-120 minutes at the end of which time its temperature is suitably 0-5 DEG  F.  After leaving the winterizing tank, the miscella passes to settling tank 50, the contents of which are also stirred gently, the crystals which settle out being drawn off through hollow rotating arm 54 and conduit 60 to preheater 70, where the crystals are melted.  The melt passes thence to evaporator 71 and flash chamber 72 for the separation of the solvent which is condensed in 73, the stearine passing to storage by way of stripping column 74.  The liquid winterized fraction from settling tank 50 is passed back through line 64 to heat exchanger 12, where it cools incoming miscella, before being taken off for removal of solvent and recovery of winterized oil.  By appropriate temperature control, waxes, gums, and other impurities having distinctive freezing points may also be removed from oleaginous matter.  U.S.A. Specification 2,619,421 is referred to.
Patent GB-1338791-A (GB)
Title: Method of electrolytic treatment of metallic surfaces
IPC: C25D9/06
Filed: 1971-06-24
Abstract: 1338791 Electrolytic treatment of surfaces CENTRE STEPHANOIS DE RECHERCHES MECANIQUES HYDROMECANIQUE ET FROTTEMENT 24 June 1971 [26 June 1970 4 Feb 1971] 29692/71 Heading C7B Metallic surfaces are treated electrolytically to improve their resistance to wear and seizure as anode in an aqueous bath containing alkali metal sulphide, thiocyanate or iodide. A coating thus forms on the surface, e.g. iron sulphide/ sodium sulphide when treating an iron surface. A heat-treatment may follow to diffuse these compounds into the surface.
Patent GB-845687-A (GB)
Title: Transistor switching circuits
IPC: H03K19/16
Filed: 1957-09-20
Abstract: 845,687. Transistor logical switching circuits. SPERRY RAND CORPORATION. Sept. 20, 1957 [Sept. 2 1956], No. 29717/57. Class 40(6). [Also in Group XIX] In a switching circuit, a number of transistors are interconnected to provide a logical function, input signals being applied over transformers to the transistors. In an AND-OR circuit, Fig. 2, an input is applied to a winding 26, on a transformer 22, the secondary 30 feeding the base and emitter of a transistor 34 to control the current passing between the emitter and collector. A pair of circuits employing transistors 34, 35 feed diodes D 1 , D 2  to form an OR circuit connected to the input winding 28 or an AND circuit. By connecting the emitter-collector paths of transistors 36, 37 in series an AND circuit is formed which in turn feeds over further diodes D 5 , D 6  another logical circuit. It is stated that the core of the units may have either a linear or rectangular histeresis loop. Half-adder. Switching pulses A, B Fig. 3 are applied to the windings 43, 44 to cause transistors 49, 50 and 53, 54 to conduct respectively. The presence of an A and B pulse causes both transistor 49 and 53 to conduct and a pulse to be fed to the input winding 45 of a further unit feeding transistors 57 and 58, the latter causing a CARRY to appear at device 61. Transistors 50, 54 form an OR circuit so that an A or B pulse energizes the SUM device 59 unless an input due to the presence of both an A and a B pulse has caused winding 45 and transistor 57 to be energized thereby shorting the output 59.
Patent GB-642163-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to refrigerant flow controlling devices
IPC: F25B41/06
Filed: 1947-11-07
Abstract: 642,163. Refrigerating. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Nov. 7, 1947, No. 29721. Convention date, Nov. 9, 1946. [Class 29] [Also in Group XXIX] In a compression refrigerating system. the latter part of or the the entire restriction to the liquid refrigerant flow is provided by a number of tightly-packed discs of compressible, filtering and moisture-absorbing material e.g. felt or filter paper. Betwen a restrictor tube 10 and a pipe 12 leading to the evaporator is placed a conduit 15 containing felt discs pressed between end plates 16 having grooves 20 to spread the liquid. Any ice formation takes place in the conduit 15 and not in the restrictor 10. As shown in Fig. 6, between a condenser outflow 25 and a pipe 26 leading to the evaporator is placed a conduit 27 containing felt discs 29 the pressure on which can be varied by a perforated plate 30 moved by a screw 32 sealed by a bellows 35.
Patent GB-500603-A (GB)
Title: Electric lamp guards
IPC: F21V15/02
Filed: 1937-11-01
Abstract: 500,603. Electric hand lamps. FOLEY, J. R. Nov. 1, 1937, No. 29797. Convention date, Oct. 31, 1936. [Class 75 (iv)] [Also in Group IV] A guard for an electric hand-lamp comprises a rigid ventilated housing enclosing the bulb 22 and made entirely of insulating light - transmitting cellulosic material such as cellulose acetate free from nitrate and camphor, this construction ensuring that all the external surfaces which may, in use, contact with electric conductors or generators, consist of a dielectric incapable of producing a spark. The guard is made in two sections consisting respectively of segmental end plates 15, 17 and 18, 20 connected by longitudinal strips 16 and 19, these strips being formed, over a part'of their length, with thickened portions 29 to prevent glare. The plates 17, 20 are provided with relatively large ventilating apertures 27, 28. The two sections engage at their outer ends by means of a dovetail joint 24, 25 and are held rigidly together by a looking ring 13 which surrounds half collars 11, 21 formed respectively on the holder 9 and the segmental plate 18.. The ring 13 is retained in the locking position by a bayonet joint 12, 14, on release of which and a sliding movement of the ring 13, the sections can be separated to provide access to the bulb 22. A modification is described in which the guard is made in two hinged sections.
Patent GB-1467907-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of basic chrome tanning agents soluble in cold water
IPC: C01G37/08
Filed: 1974-07-05
Abstract: 1467907 Basic chromium III sulphate BASF AG 5 July 1974 [7 July 1973] 29877/74 Heading C1A [Also in Division C6] A powdered basic chromium (III) sulphate is prepared by evaporation of an aqueous solution of basic chromium (III) sulphate in the presence of at least one water-soluble glycol and/or a water soluble monomethyl or monoethyl ether thereof. Preferably, the basic salt has a basicity of 33<SP>1</SP>/ 3  to 70% (in terms of chemical equivalents of OH-). Suitable glycols include both mono- and polyglycols, and the corresponding methyl or ethyl ethers. The glycols and/or their ether derivatives are preferably used in a proportion of 0À1 to 10% (by weight) of the basic salt, and evaporation of the chromium (III) sulphate solution may be achieved by spray drying. The product is used as a tanning-agent.
Patent GB-974409-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to repetitive hydrogen-isotope dispensers for neutron generators
Inventor: REDSTONE REUBEN
IPC: H01J17/26
Filed: 1960-08-30
Abstract: 974,409. Discharge apparatus. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. Aug. 30, 1961 [Aug. 30, 1960], No. 29881/60. Heading H1D. A method of assembling a hydrogen isotope dispenser into a container which is to be sealed to define a volume to be supplied with hydrogen isotope, comprises heating the dispenser and holding it under conditions of temperature and pressure equivalent to the conditions under which it will be required to operate, and sealing the container while maintaining the dispenser under the said conditions. The dispenser consists of hydrogen-occluding material such as vanadium which can be heated, preferably by direct electrical heating, to release the occluded gas. During processing, the dispenser is allowed to operate at the specified temperature (or power supply voltage or current) at which it must ultimately operate in the completed sealed-off tube. At this temperature it is allowed to come to equilibrium with the required ultimate operating gas pressure, which has been prepared for it in the tube processing apparatus, and the tube is sealed off in this equilibrium state. Upon subsequently applying the same voltage or current as that used at seal-off, the dispenser reaches its seal-off temperature and the desired pressure of hydrogen is obtained. As the pressure/temperature characteristics are predominately controlled by the coolest part of the dispenser, cooling by thermal conduction at the connections to it should be minimized, for example by making the connections thin and possibly of material of low thermal conductivity. The cooler parts of the dispenser may be coated with non-occluding material such as rhodium. The dispenser may be used in a gas discharge tube, for example a neutron source.
Patent GB-210533-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for grinding and polishing lenses and the like
IPC: B24B13/02
Filed: 1922-11-02
Abstract: 210,533. Reid, R. C., and Stigmat, Ltd. Nov. 2, 1922. Lenses, grinding and polishing. - Spectacle and other lenses are roughed, ground, or polished by means of a wheel 2, which is rotated and reciprocated axially and the surface of which has a curvature, in an axial section, which is shaped, as required, to give either a toric lens or a spherical lens, the lenses being mounted in holders upon a table 5 so that they remain in contact with the grinding-surface. The wheel is carried by a vertical spindle 1 slidably mounted in a sleeve carried by ball bearings in a casing 3 attached to a frame 4. The lower end of the spindle is attached rotatably to a connecting-rod 6 adjustably connected, by means of a slot 8, to a lever 9, which is oscillated by means of a cam 11; the cam, which may be of grooved form, is shaped to vary, as required, the stroke of the wheel either in successive strokes, in alternate strokes, or in a sequence of strokes. The pivot of the lever 9 is eccentrically mounted to allow the grinding-wheel to be adjusted vertically. The cam is mounted on a driving-shaft 13 which drives the spindle 1 through a variable speed friction gear 14, 15 and cone pulleys 17, 18. The lenses are mounted on holders 26, Fig. 5, supported on centres 25, or knife-edges, on arms 23 pivoted to bases 20 clamped to the table 5. The arms 23 are pressed, by spring pressed centres 22, to keep the lenses in contact with the wheel; weights or pneumatic pressure may replace the springs. The arms 23 may be replaced by spring-pressed sliders. According to the Provisional Specification, the grinding-element may be fixed, the lenses being rotated and reciprocated.
Patent GB-926497-A (GB)
Title: A process for producing a monocrystal from a polycrystalline rod of silicon
IPC: C30B13/28
Filed: 1961-08-18
Abstract: <PICT:0926497/III/1> In the production of a monocrystalline rod of silicon by the upward passage of a molten zone 3 (produced by a pancake coil 4) a plurality of times through a monocrystalline seed 5 and an adjoining polycrystalline rod 2 supported between holders, a rod free from crystal imperfection is produced by a final passage at a speed of 7-15 m.m./min. through seed 5, at a gradually reduced speed through the conical portion 2a of rod 2, and a final speed of less than 7 m.m./min. through the main portion of rod 2, the two holders being moved apart at a speed of at least 25 m.m./min. while the molten zone is at the junction of seed 5 and rod 2 to produce a restriction 6.  The diameter of rod 2 may be 12 m.m., that of seed 5 may be 3-5 m.m., and that of the constriction may be 2 m.m.  A second similar constriction may be produced a few m.m. above the first. An incandescent zone may initially be formed in rod 2 by conduction from an inductively heated molybdenum holder or by radiation, passed down into seed 5, and converted there into the first molten zone.  An incandescent zone may similarly precede each subsequent molten zone. The speed of travel of molten zone through rod 2 may be 4 m.m./min. and that of the incandescent zone may be 200 m.m./min.  One of the holders may be rotated during each passage of the molten zone (preferably not the last).  The induction coil may be fed at a frequency of 4 megacycles per sec.  Specifications 888,148 and 889,160 are referred to.
Patent GB-886930-A (GB)
Title: Production of perchloroethylene
IPC: C07C17/00
Filed: 1959-09-03
Abstract: Catalysts for the oxidation of symmetrical tetrachloroethane to perchloroethylene (see Group IV(b)) consist of a metal chloride supported on an inert carrier material.  Specified chlorides are those of Zn, Cu, Mg and Fe and mixtures thereof; specified carriers are alumina, alumina gels, silica, silica gels, calcium silicate, diatomaceous earth, infusoriol earth, pumice and kieselguhr.  A preferred catalyst composition contains 5-45% of zinc and copper chlorides, based on the weight of catalyst particles, and preferably contains 1-3,5 moles of copper chloride per mole of zinc chloride. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 811833.ALSO:Perchloroethylene is prepared by the vapour phase reaction of symmetrical tetrachloroethane and oxygen in the presence as oxidation catalyst of a metal chloride supported on an inert carrier material, the amount of oxygen being 15%-75% of stoichiometric amount necessary to react with the tetrachloroethane fed.  Undesired reaction products may be recycled, when the stoichiometric amount of oxygen is that required to oxidise the hydrogen contained in each of constituents of the chlorinated hydrocarbon feed.  Specified metal chlorides are those of Zn, Cu, Mg, Fe and mixtures thereof.  Specified carriers are alumina, alumina gels, silica, silica gels, calcium silicate, diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth, pumice and kieselguhr.  The reaction temperature may be 570 DEG F.-930 DEG F.  The reaction may be effected in a jacketed reactor with a heat exchange medium circulating through the jacket.  The reactants may be preheated, e.g. by passage over spent catalyst. Trichloroethylene is also obtained in good yields.  Air may be used in place of pure oxygen.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 811,833.
Patent GB-1513368-A (GB)
Title: Processing of radiation-sensitive members
IPC: G03F7/00
Filed: 1974-07-08
Abstract: 1513368 Photographic after-treatment VICKERS Ltd 1 July 1975 [8 July 1974]  30264/74 Heading G2X [Also in Division B6] A member carrying a photographically produced image is heat-treated whilst the non-imaged areas are protected from contamination by applying a water-soluble coating which is removed after heattreatment. The coating may be of a salt e.g. sodium dodecyl phenoxybenzene disulphonate, a sodium salt of an alkylated naphthalene sulphonic acid, a disodium salt of methylene dinaphthalene sulphonic acid, a sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, a sodium salt of sulphonated alkyldiphenyl oxide or lithium nitrate. The member may be for use as a printing plate, or may be a substrate carrying a resist image for etching. The image may be prepared from a sensitive layer comprising quinone diazide and a resin e.g. a novolak resin. A protective lacquer, e.g. of novolak resin or of a mixture of a resol resin and an epoxy resin, may be applied to the image prior to application of the watersoluble coating.