baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-812059-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to process of electrolytically producing oxide coatings on aluminium and aluminium alloy articles
IPC: C25D11/04
Filed: 1955-06-17
Abstract: 812,059. Anodizing aluminium and its alloys. SANFORD PROCESS CO. Inc. June 17, 1955 [June 21, 1954], No. 17536/55. Class 41. A hard tough oxide coating is formed on aluminium and aluminium alloy articles by anodizing at a temperature not greater than 50 F. in an aqueous solution of an anodizing acid in which is included an oxide coating accelerator material, i.e. one which allows increased rate of oxide growth by permitting the use of increased voltages without " burning " the oxide coating, by the steps of maintaining the voltage at the critical voltage, i.e. that at which an oxide layer of at least 0.1 mil. is produced, or at a voltage above this insufficient to cause " burning," permitting the current to decrease at the said voltage, raising the applied voltage in steps to above the said voltage to obtain at each stepwise increment an initial increase of current, and oxidizing the article with a decreasing current value prior to the next voltage increase. In practice the initial voltage should not be more than 10 per cent above the critical voltage, which for aluminium is 22 v., while if desired, the voltage may be increased stepwise from below the critical voltage, and the current after each voltage increase should not be more than 30 per cent above that at the critical voltage. Typically the upper voltage used is 130 v. and the current density does not exceed 20 amps./ sq. ft. Suitable oxide coating accelerator materials are aqueous extracts of lignite, brown coal, or peat, e.g. Georgia peat, produced by cooking in an autoclave at temperatures between 250 and 350 F. under an autogenous pressure of 10 atmospheres for 6 to say 50 hours, 2-aminoethyl sulphuric acid, taurine, alkyl taurines such as N-methyl and N-cyclohexyl taurines, and sulphamic acid. Any anodizing acid, e.g. sulphuric oxalic or chromic acids or mixtures thereof may be used. In examples relating to copper and silicon-containing alloys, sulphuric acid is used. Preferred operating temperatures are typically about 15 F. Small amounts of wetting agent such as a nonyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol ether and of methanol may be added to the bath.
Patent GB-586588-A (GB)
Title: Anode tube for ionic valves for high voltage static current converters
IPC: H01J17/04
Filed: 1943-11-01
Abstract: 586,588. Liquid electrode apparatus. ALLMANNA SVENSKA ELEKTRISKA AKTIEBOLAGET and LAMM, U. Nov. 1, 1943, No. 17543/45. Divided out of 586,574. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, July 10, 1945.] [Class 39 (i)] An anode tube for a static converter contains a number of grids 5, arranged close together and having greater thickness at their periphery than in the middle. In the example shown, the steps in the grids thus produced are higher the more nearly a particular grid is positioned to an end of the anode tube. The arrangement facilitates cooling.
Patent GB-976508-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to methods of locally strengthening cathode-ray tubes
IPC: H01J29/87
Filed: 1961-05-15
Abstract: A method of locally strengthening a cathoderay tube, comprises coating a zone of the tube in which tensile stresses may occur with a thin layer of glaze having a co-efficient of expansion lower than that of the glass of the tube and heating the zone to such a temperature that the glaze is sealed to the glass of the tube.  A suspension of powdered glaze in ethyl acetate, alcohol or water may be sprayed or smeared on to the zone requiring reinforcement.  A binder such as nitro cellulose may be added to the suspension.  The glaze is heated to between 550-1000 DEG  C., the resistance to tensile stress increasing as the treatment temperature increases.  In an example, a glass object having the composition 70.3% SiO2, 0.5% Li2O, 7.8% Na2O, 7.5% K2O, 11.1% BaO, 2.5% Al2O3, 0.3% Sb2O3 (co-efficient of expansion at 30-300 DEG  C. approximately 95x10-7) is at 30-300 DEG  C. approximately 95 x 10-7) is coated with a glaze consisting of 15.0% SiO2, 18.0% B2O3, 8.0% ZnO, 56.0% PbO, 3.0% Al2O3 (co-efficient of expansion at 30-300 DEG  C. approximately 65 x 10-7).
Patent GB-445605-A (GB)
Title: Process of and apparatus for the production of magnesium sulphate with a low water content or in the anhydrous condition
IPC: C01F5/40
Filed: 1935-06-19
Abstract: <PICT:0445605/III/1> Magnesium sulphate in the anhydrous form or of low water content is obtained by atomizing a hot concentrated solution and simultaneously treating it with superheated steam the temperature of which does not fall below 180 DEG  C. during the dehydration.  The solution is preferably concentrated to a content of 70--85 g. MgSO4 per 100 g.  H2O at 110--120 DEG  C., and 1,3--1,8 atmospheres, and atomized by allowing it to expand to about atmospheric pressure through a nozzle.  Water or dilute magnesium sulphate solution after circulation through a preheater 19 passes to dissolvers, such as tanks with false bottoms and filled with kieserite, through which it flows downwardly to give a solution containing, e.g. 50g. MgSO4 per 100 g.  H2O. This solution passes by pipe 23 to a concentration plant 1, 3 having heaters 1a, 3a.  The temperature in 3 is maintained at 110 DEG  C. by pressure steam admitted by pipe 4, the steam liberated in 3 is utilized in heater 1a, and the steam from 1 is condensed in condenser 6, the heat being used for the production of warm water which may dissolve the kieserite.  The solution passes from 3 to a nozzle 9 in a tower 8 which may be at about 1 atmosphere.  Steam at 500--600 DEG  C., e.g. 550 DEG  C., enters by pipe 10.  A magnesium sulphate containing at the most about 2 per cent water and in the form of hollow globules which can be briquetted is delivered by a discharger 11 to a worm 12 which can be cooled.  Steam at about 200 DEG  C., leaves the tower and passes to a dust separator 14 the recovered salt being fed to the worm 12.  Part of the steam is passed to the preheater 19, the remainder being returned to the tower 8 through a superheater 16 by a blower 15.  Air used in cooling the worm 12 may be employed in the furnace of the superheater.  Magnesium sulphate having, for example, the composition MgSO4.H2O is obtained by using steam of lower temperature in the tower 8.
Patent GB-177482-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to cooling systems for internal combustion engines
IPC: F01P3/22
Filed: 1921-06-29
Abstract: 177,482. Rushmore, S. W. March 21, 1921, [Convention date]. Cylinders, cooling.-The cylinders are cooled and kept at a uniform temperature in the neighbourhood of the boiling-point of water by circulating water through the engine-jacket and the lower portion of an upflow condenser. An ordinary radiator 4 may be adapted for this purpose by bringing the return pipe from the engine to the bottom of the radiator instead of to the top. The level of the water in the radiator is below the bottom of the honeycomb portion, into which the steam evolved rises and is thereby condensed. A pump 9 is used to circulate the water, and the radiator cap 21 may be fitted with two lightly loaded relief valves, one acting in each direction. An overflow pipe through which superflous water is ejected may be fitted. The pressure in the jacket 3 may be varied by means of a throttle in the return pipe 19, which may be thermostatically or pressure controlled. The arrangement is stated to be applicable to conventional motor road vehicles with little modification thereof.
Patent GB-818692-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to magnetic holding devices
IPC: E05C19/16
Filed: 1957-06-05
Abstract: 818,692. Magnets. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC INTERNATIONAL CO. June 5, 1957 [June 11, 1956], No. 17842/57. Class 35. [Also in Group XXV] A magnetic holding device comprises a tapered magnet having poles on opposite sides thereof, complementary polepieces adapted to receive the magnet therebetween, means for moving the magnet along a path between the polepieces in the general direction of divergence of the polepieces to establish an air gap between the magnet and at least one of the polepieces, thereby to reduce the magnetic flux in the polepieces, and an armature attractable to the polepieces. In the application to a fastener for a refrigerator door 12 which is provided with a handle 13 hingedly mounted on a member 16 secured to the door, the latter is provided with a housing 32 made of non-magnetic material which supports a magnet 29 and polepieces 31. The magnet is guided for sliding movement between the polepieces by ribs 37 formed on the housing 32 and which project into grooves 38 in the magnet. A pin and slot connection 40, 41 is made between the magnet and an extension 39 of the handle whereby as the latter is pulled outwardly against a spring 42 to open the door, the pole faces of the magnet are disengaged from the polepieces 31 and the magnetic attraction between the polepieces and an armature 27 mounted on the refrigerator cabinet, is substantially reduced to permit the door to be easily opened. The magnet is preferably formed by moulding a ceramic material, the polepieces being made of soft iron or mild steel. Preferably and as shown, the magnet is moved along a path bisecting the angle between the polepieces. In a modification, Fig. 7 (not shown), the magnet and polepieces are provided with complementary generally frusto-conical surfaces.
Patent GB-407916-A (GB)
Title: Electro medical circulating bath provided with a current intensifying device
IPC: A61N1/44
Filed: 1932-06-24
Abstract: 407,916. Baths. STANGER, H., 15, Ehingerstrasse, Ulm-on-Donau, Germany. June 24, 1932, No. 17858. Void [Abridged as open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, June 25, 1932]. [Class 26.] An electromedical bath is provided with means for circulating a curative liquid in the same direction as a current, and with partitions for concentrating the action on a definite part of the patient. Electrodes 6 are mounted on carriers 5 which are adjustable on stands 1. A plate 7 and plates 9 and 10 of insulating material direct the current through the patient's body. Pipes 13 and 14 serve for circulating a liquid, which may enter positively charged. As shown in Fig. 3, the sides of the bath carry electrodes 15, and an insulating partition 17, which may be in two parts, is suspended from carriers 16, 16<a> and has a heavy foot resting on the bather's body. The body rests on a supporting net of textile material provided with a further partition 20. The plates 17, 20, may, alternatively, be secured to a bathing costume, or the plates 9, 10 of Fig. 1 may be of yielding material fitted with hooks for attaching to an article of bathing apparel.
Patent GB-236737-A (GB)
Title: New or improved clock work mechanism
IPC: G04B15/10
Filed: 1924-07-26
Abstract: 236,737. Barr & Stroud, Ltd., and Barr, A. July 26, 1924. Escapements; motion work.-The main spring A drives, through crank 3, spindle 2, wheels 5, 10, secondary driving spring D, crank 12, spindle 11, and wheels 13, 14, the wheel B of the ordinary primary escapement, not shown. Fixed on spindle 11 is a secondary scape wheel C coacting with arms 9 rigid with a worm 8 driven by wheels 7, 6, 4, from the main spring. Wheel 4 also meshes with a wheel 15 which drives any mechanism, such as a recording drum, where the resistance offered may be considerable and variable. For this purpose the spring A is much stronger than usual. Each arm 9 is stopped on contacting with a sloping tooth of the secondary scape wheel C, and as C rotates the arm passes between the teeth and the other arm 9 flies forward to contact with a tooth. In this manner the parts 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8 rotate at a definite rate and since 7 and 8 form a worm gear the power supplied to the primary escapement at B is practically constant, although the power applied at 15 may vary. The spring A may be replaced by weights and the wheel C may take the form of a toothed drum.
Patent GB-309344-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for cleaning pipe or hose lines and the like
IPC: B08B9/04
Filed: 1928-06-21
Abstract: 309,344. Adolf, J. June 21, 1928. Cleaning, fluid-pressure processes for.- Pipe or hose lines are cleaned by forcing one or more cleaning bodies q, Figs. 1 and 2 through the system by means of a plunger e, Fig. 1, working in a barrel a containing the cleaning bodies. A collecting basket is provided at the other end of the line, or an additional inlet nipple to the barrel a allows the cleaning to be made continuous. In a modified form shown in Fig. 2 cleaning fluid enters at i and leaves at k cleaning bodies being transferred from the end m of their path to the beginning l by means of a piston with two apertures g, h, the cleaning bodies being kept in the pipes to be cleaned by strainers n, o. Specification 293,032 is referred to.
Patent GB-145713-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for damping vibrations of the crank shaftsof multiple cylinder piston engines
IPC: F16F15/16
Filed: 1920-07-02
Abstract: 145,713. Krupp Akt.-Ges. Germaniawerft, F. Dec. 19, 1917, [Convention date]. Fly-wheels.-Relates to means for deadening the tortional vibrations in multi-cylinder internalcombustion &c. engines and consists in utilizing a centrifugal mass, such as a ring, which rotates freely in a liquid-filled chamber rigidly attached to the crank-shaft, springs being placed between abutments on the ring and chamber, and the relative movements being controlled by throttling means governing the flow of liquid between the chambers formed between the said abutments In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the chamber B is rigidly connected to the crank-shaft H, and is supplied with oil &c. by a pump through a pipe J and passages h<1>, h<2>, a<2>, a<3>, a<4>, and a<5>, the surplus oil escaping through passages A. The ring and chamber have abutments a<1>, b' respectively, held apart by springs. The spaces between the abutments are connected by pipes in which are adjustable valves E, so that the flow of liquid between the spaces is controlled to regulate the relative movements between the chamber and ring, and deaden the vibrations of the shaft.
Patent GB-530287-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in windscreen wipers
IPC: B60S1/34
Filed: 1939-06-21
Abstract: 530,287. Windscreen wipers. DUDLEY, W. June 21, 1939, No. 18036. [Class 138 (i)] [Also in Group XXIV] In a windscreen wiper in which the arm is connected to its spindle by a V- projection and notch the arm 2 is pivoted to a bracket comprising a block 9 and a U-shaped stiap 10 freely embracing a sleeve 11 secured to the spindle 3, the sleeve being provided with a collar 6 on which the V-shaped projections 5 are formed for engaging a groove 4 in the block. The block may have grooves at right angles. Specification 518,504 is referred to.
Patent GB-193339-A (GB)
Title: Sound-producing apparatus or electromagnetic receiving or emitting device
IPC: H04R9/04
Filed: 1922-06-30
Abstract: 193,339. Soc. des Etablissements Gaumont. Feb. 17, 1922, [Convention date]. Subaqueous transmission of speech.-In apparatus which may be used for transmitting speech under water, a diaphragm having disposed therein a wire coil is disposed in the air gap of a magnet so that the movements of the various elements of the surface take place in an oblique direction i.e. neither in their own plane nor perpendicular thereto. The diaphragm, Fig. 3, may have the shape of a cone and is disposed in or similarly shaped gap D, E, G, Fig. 2, between poles A, B, the telephone current being passed through the coils of the diaphragm by means of terminals L. K. In one modification the diaphragm is convex towards the upper pole piece and in another is annular and in both cases the sound proceeds into the air through gaps in the upper pole piece. The wire coils may be in a single layer or a plurality of layers and the wire may be in the form of a ribbon. The diaphragm may be constructed by causing the wire to adhere to the surface of cloth, paper, or the like, or the wire may be woven with a textile thread so as to form a fabric. When used to produce sounds under water, the water mav come in contact with both sides, or only one side, of the diaphragm.
Patent GB-483061-A (GB)
Title: Pendant label for bottles and the like
IPC: G09F3/03
Filed: 1936-06-30
Abstract: 483,061. Labels. BARENDS, R. June 30, 1936, No. 18140. Void. Convention date, June 24. [Class 73] A label is formed with means for sealing the closure of a bottle and for containing a card &c. As shown in Fig. 1, the label is in the form of an envelope and is provided with adhesive tabs d, f which are folded around and over the closure. In the form shown in Fig. 4, the sealing cords passing over the cork of a bottle are passed through a hole in the envelope and secured as by a staple.
Patent GB-540038-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric ranges
IPC: H05B3/76
Filed: 1940-12-27
Abstract: 540,038. Electric cookers. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Dec. 27, 1940, No. 18171. Convention date, Dec. 27, 1939. [Class 39 (iii)] A hot plate adapted to be fitted into the top of an electric cooker comprises a pair of concentric sheathed wire elements 13, 14, constructed as described in Specification 144,767, [Class 38 (i)], supported on a grid 18. The elements have their terminals 13a, 14a extending downward and outward to terminals 17a. The outer ends of the radial grid members 18 have tongues 21 supported in apertures in a depending part 20 of a ring 19 which rests on the top 10 of the cooker. The elements 13, 14 project above the grid 18 and ring 19 to support a cooking vessel. The ring 19 carries a sheet metal. member 27 hinged at 28 to a U-shaped bracket 29 projecting outward from the flange 26, so that the ring 19 and heating elements may be turned upwards as in Fig. 3. A reflector 32 rests on a horizontal extension 34 of the flange 26. The supply leads 38 are connected to the heating elements by members 39 mounted on a porcelain insulator 40. The two heating elements may be connected in various relations to a threewire supply source. A shield 42 protects the terminals.
Patent GB-182791-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sluice-valves
IPC: F16K39/04
Filed: 1922-07-03
Abstract: 182,791. Gomand, G. July 6, 1921, (Convention date]. Tapered plug lift and wedge valves; valves fitted with independently-actuated supplementary valves. - Relates to sluice valves provided with two opposed closure surfaces on which the fluid pressure acts in order to balance the valve. The valve member B, Figs. 2 and 3, is provided with bronze closure surfaces F; working on corresponding bronze seats E. The fluid is diverted by a streamline member R into two streams C, D and the valve member is balanced by the opposed pressures. The valve spindle I is provided with a collar N which prevents axial movement, and the valve is moved vertically by means of a nut M through which the spindle passes. A cover Y may be provided at the bottom to remove sediment. An additional stuffing box may be provided at the bottom through which the spindle projects, so that the pressures on the two ends of the valve may be balanced. In another modification, Fig. 8, the valve member is extended downwards, the extension having a horizontal cross-section B, so that impact of the fluid from the passages C, D is avoided. In the construction shown in Fig. 12, an additional sliding valve R is provided, which, when the main valve is raised, is balanced by the fluid pressures and may be raised to provide a larger area for the fluid flow. The additional valve may be a butterfly valve instead of a sliding valve. In the case of high fluid velocity, the valve may be of larger size and connected to the service pipes by connecting portions of gradually increasing diameter.
Patent GB-516076-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing fast tints on cellulosic fibres
IPC: D06P3/64
Filed: 1938-06-20
Abstract: 516,076. Dyeing textiles. SOC. OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY IN BASLE. June 20, 1938, Nos. 18253, and 18254. -Convention dates, June 19, 1937, and May 11, 1938. [Classes 2 (iii) and 15 (ii)] The fastness, e.g., to washing and light, of dyeings on cellulosic fibres, such as cotton or regenerated cellulose, with a direct cotton dyestuff containing in complex union one or more metals including at least one metal having an atomic weight above 53, but still capable of complex union with further metal, is improved by treatment with an agent or agents yielding at least one of the metals already present in the dyestuff complex. The' process of . Specification 468,362 is disclaimed. Specified metals of atomic weight above 53 are copper, manganese, iron, cobalt and nickel and chromium may be present in conjunction with these. The after-treatment of the dyeing may be effected in the dyebath or in a separate bath. In examples, (1) cotton is entered into a bath at 30-40‹ C. containing the unilaterally coppered compound of the dyestuff, 4-nitro-2-aminophenol (2 mols.) ## 5 : 5<1>-dihydroxy-2 : 2<1>-dinaphthylamine-7 : 7<1>-disulphonic acid (1 mol.) (cf. Specification 297,003, '[Class 2 (iii)]), the temperature is raised to boiling, Glauber salt is added and dyeing continued for ¥ hour at 95‹ C., an aqueous solution is added containing copper sulphate, tartaric acid and sufficient caustic soda to neutralize, dyeing is continued for a further hour at 90-95‹ C. and the goods are rinsed ; (2) the diazo component in (1) is replaced by 4-chloro-2-aminophenol and sodium carbonate is added to the dyebath ; (3) to (7) the dyestuff in (2) is replaced by (3) a partially coppered compound of the dyestuff, salicylic acid #benzidine# (acid) 2 : 5 : 7-aminonaphtholsulphonic acid (alkaline) #5-nitro-2-aminophenol (cf. Specification 12,932/15, [Class 2 (iii)]); (4) a partially coppered compound of the dyestuff 4-methyl-6-nitro-2-aminophenol (2 mols.) ## (alkaline) 2 : 5 : 7-aminonaphtholsulphonic acid (2 mols.) (acid) ##benzidine (1 mol.) (cf. Specification 12,932/15, [Class 2 (iii)]),; (5) a partially coppered compound of the dyestuff, salicylic acid #benzidine# (acid) 2 : 5: 7-aminonaphtholsulphonic acid (alkaline) #2-aminophenol-4-sulphonic-6-carboxylic acid (cf. Specification 12,932/15, [Class 2 (iii)]),; (6) a partially coppered compound of the dyestuff, salicylic acid #benzidine# (acid) 2 : 5 : 7-aminonaphtholsulphonic acid (alkaline) )#4-methyl-6-nitro- 2-aminophenol (cf. Specification 12,932/15, [Class 2 (iii)]) ; (7) a partially coppered compound as in (3) with the 5-nitro-2-aminophenol replaced by 4-nitro-2-aminophenol. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 is not restricted to the use of the partially metallized dyestuffs in which at least one metal has an atomic weight above 53 and specifies the use of partially chromed dyestuffs. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.