baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-0077864-A1 (WO)
Title: Stromtragende verbindungselemente für plattenleiter aus hochtemperatur-supraleitenden dünnschichten
Inventor: STELZER ANDREAS
IPC: H01L39/02
Filed: 2000-06-14
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft stromtragende Verbindungselemente für Plattenleiter aus hochtemperatur-supraleitenden Dünnschichten, insbesondere für resistive Strombegrenzungseinrichtungen in Schaltanlagen der Energieversorgung und -verteilung, wobei mindestens zwei hintereinander angeordnete Plattenleiter über die stromtragenden Verbindungselemente elektrisch leitend verbunden und mit elektrischen Kontaktflächen zur Aufnahme von Stromzuleitungen versehen sind. Die stromtragenden Verbindungselemente sind durch hochtemperatur-supraleitende Bänder (HTSL-BD) realisiert, die mit den hochtemperatur-supraleitenden Dünnschichten (HTSL-DS) über stoffschlüssige und/oder kraftschlüssige Leitverbindungen (LV) elektrisch leitend verbunden sind, wobei die hochtemperatur-supraleitenden Bänder (HTSL-BD) eine an den Abstand der miteinander zu verbindenden hochtemperatur-supraleitenden Dünnschichten (HTSL-DS) angepaßte, annähernd bogenförmige Querschnittskontur aufweisen. Die stromtragenden Verbindungselemente und die Plattenleiter sind Bestandteile von resistiven Strombegrenzungseinrichtungen in Schaltanlagen der Energieversorgung und -verteilung.
Patent WO-02076584-A1 (WO)
Title: Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beurteilung der funktionsfähigkeit einer einrichtung zur reduzierung des ozongehaltes von luft
Inventor: KLEE PETER
IPC: B01D53/86
Filed: 2002-02-27
Abstract: Vorgestellt wird ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung (6, 7, 18, 20) zur Beurteilung der Funktionsfähigkeit einer DOR-Einrichtung (4) zur Reduzierung des Ozongehaltes von Luft mit: ersten Mitteln (6) zum Erfassen eines ersten Ozongehaltes (C1) in der Luft bei einer ersten Einwirkung (E1) der DOR-Einrichtung, zweiten Mitteln (7) zum Erfassen eines zweiten Ozongehaltes (C2) in der Luft bei einer zweiten (E2), von der ersten (E1) abweichenden Einwirkung (E) der DOR-Einrichtung, einer elektronischen Einrichtung (18) zum Bilden eines Vergleichsergebnisses (VE) aus einem Vergleich des ersten Ozongehaltes (C1) mit dem zweiten Ozongehalt (C2), und zum Beurteilen der Funktionsfähigkeit des Systems auf der Basis des Vergleichsergebnisses (VE).
Patent WO-03087718-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SKULTETY-BETZ UWE
IPC: G01S17/86
Filed: 2003-04-02
Abstract: Appareil de mesure (10) de la distance, en particulier appareil au laser tenu à la main, qui comporte un détecteur de position (22) permettant de déterminer l'orientation dans l'espace dudit appareil de mesure (10) de distance. Selon la présente invention, le détecteur de position (22) est connecté à un émetteur de signaux (12), ledit émetteur de signaux (12) pouvant être commandé par le détecteur de position (22) en vue de la production d'un signal dépendant de l'orientation dans l'espace et perceptible par les sens.
Patent WO-2004055346-A1 (WO)
Inventor: MANSBART MATTHIAS
IPC: F02D41/02
Filed: 2003-07-25
Abstract: L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de calcul pour modéliser la température (T_kat) d'un catalyseur (34) dans les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne (10). Selon l'invention, l'apport de chaleur dans le catalyseur (34), dû à des réactions exothermiques, est pris en considération. Le procédé est caractérisé en ce qu'une première grandeur de correction (delta_Tl) et une deuxième grandeur de correction (delta_T2) sont formées, chacune prenant en considération un apport de chaleur dans le catalyseur (34), dû à des réactions exothermiques dans ce dernier. La première grandeur de correction (delta_Tl) est formée en fonction du rapport (AF) entre une première quantité de carburant (S), brûlée en même temps qu'une quantité d'air dans le moteur à combustion interne (10), et ladite quantité d'air. La deuxième grandeur de correction (delta_T2) est formée en fonction d'un apport de chaleur qui résulte d'une réaction exothermique d'une deuxième quantité de carburant ayant été dosée pour assurer la régénération du catalyseur (34), en supplément de la proportion de carburant du mélange carburant/air brûlé dans le moteur à combustion interne (10).
Patent WO-2004029587-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KRAUS STEFFEN
IPC: G01N1/06
Filed: 2003-09-04
Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary microtome, comprising a micrometric mechanism (1), a specimen holding device (2) assigned to said micrometric mechanism (1), a drive (3) for the micrometric mechanism (1) serving to vertically displace the specimen holding device (2), a stand for holding the micrometric mechanism (1) and, optionally, the drive (3), a housing (5), and comprising a knife holding device (6), which supports a knife (7) and which is situated opposite the specimen holding device (2) while being located outside of the housing (5). The rotary microtome is characterized in that the stand has a surrounding wall (8) whereby forming a monolithic housing (5).
Patent DE-1813978-A1 (DE)
Title: Press tool set for reducing metal tube - ends
Inventor: LAWRENCE VALENTE RAYMOND
IPC: B21C5/00
Filed: 1968-12-11
Abstract: The press tool set for reducing tube ends to enable them to be fed into a draw bench, comprises a profiled mandrel having circumferential convolutions and two or more compression tools having working faces bearing a number of ribs extending laterally to the tube axis. The working face is V-shaped and at the apex, a deeper V is cut in the ribs, which is then filled with a solid bar extending the length of the ribbed surface of the tool. This is claimed to prevent cold flow of the tube metal between the ribs, which leads to rib breakage.
Patent DE-1902711-A1 (DE)
Title: Double chain-stitch sewing machine with - thread deflector
Inventor: MEINDERT BAANSTRA THEODORUS
IPC: D05B47/00
Filed: 1969-01-21
Abstract: Machine with thread deflector for drawing out a thread triangle, independently of the sewing direction, has a device affecting the apparatus which varies the thread tension with the change in feed direction, specif. so that with reversal of the feed direction the tensio is increased. Pref. additional thread tensioning devices are provided which are normally open and which close when the feed direction is altered.
Patent DE-1919795-A1 (DE)
Inventor: FELIX STOTT THOMAS CHARLES
IPC: F16H61/18
Filed: 1969-04-15
Abstract: 1,191,405. Change-speed control. VAUXHALL MOTORS Ltd. 16 April, 1969 [30 May, 1968], No. 25932/68. Heading F2D. A motor-vehicle ball mounted composite gear-shift lever incorporates a reverse ratio balk and comprises a tubular lever 10 fitted in a pivot ball 14 and having a spring loaded rod 22 slidably mounted therein and liftable, against the spring bias 52 by a finger operated collar 48 slidably mounted on the lever 10 and connected to the rod 22 by a cross-pin 42 movable between the ends of a longitudinal slot in the lever 10, the rod 22 terminating in a pair of unequal length legs 24, 26 which engage a cranked arm 28 of a turn-and-slide selection shaft 32, movement into reverse ratio being prevented by the longer leg 24 additionally engaging the selec- . tion shaft 32 until the rod is manually lifted clear thereof via the collar 48.
Patent DE-1960930-A1 (DE)
Title: Cupola furnace operation
Inventor: SCHOCK DIETHART DIPL-ING
IPC: F27B1/00
Filed: 1969-12-04
Abstract: The furnace has at least two sets of independently fed and regulated tuyeres and uses crushed cokes of 60-80 mm. dia., the distance separating the slots of tuyeres being approx. the furnace interior dia., and the ratio of the quantity of air from one set of tuyeres to the other is between 1 : 0.2 and 1 : 0.5, pref. 1 : 0.3. Specif. supplementary heating is provided by combustible gases, liquid or solids, and the coke may be foundry coke or coke briquettes, or a combustible not in normal metallurgical use but having an increased reactivity towards CO, and H2O may be used.
Patent DE-1961020-A1 (DE)
Title: Orthophosphates production during mfe of - fertilizers
Inventor: BOOS WILHELM DR PHIL
IPC: C05B3/00
Filed: 1969-12-05
Abstract: Raw phosphate is digested (pref. with HNO3), Ca phosphate is added to the digestion solution, and, after precipitation of gypsum with (NH4)2SO4 and/or NH4.HSO4 and/or alkaline earth sulphate and/or H2SO4, optionally with the addition of ammonia, the filtrate or a part thereof is cooled (with or without prior evaporation) to crystallize out orthophosphates. Since the initial crystallizate is fluorine-rich, a two-part crystallization may be employed so as to give a fluorine-rich and a low-fluorine fraction. The mother liquor is used in the production of multi nutrient fertilizers.
Patent DE-2013444-A1 (DE)
Title: Magnesite chromite bricks with high tempresistance
IPC: C04B35/12
Filed: 1970-03-20
Abstract: Bricks are produced by sintering chromite with SiO2 content >5% and particle size (50-200mm) with magnesite above 1600 degrees C, separated from sinter magnesite, milled to 0-4mm so that >70% particles 1-4mm 30% 0-1mm. Final bricks contain 40% of thin material pref. 10-30% and are moulded at 1100-1300 kg/cm2 reheated to 1550 degrees and 1760 degrees C.
Patent DE-2016491-A1 (DE)
Title: Arc furnace electrode carrying and control gear
IPC: H05B7/103
Filed: 1970-04-07
Abstract: Each electrode in the furnace is held by a clamp that also serves as current feed and is fastened on a flange plate that is, itself, an extension of an annular piston working in an annular hydraulic cylinder that is mounted on a plate that fits on the furnace roof. The inner well of the cylinder is water-cooled and there is an air space between this and the electrode, closed at top and bottom end by plates. Thus, the traditional electrode arm and vertical slide are not required, and the operation is just as easy and convenient. There is less dead wt to be carried and, for maintenance, the whole assembly can be lifted off in one piece. Conventional power connections are used, and the device is esp. for furnace doing only refining work.
Patent DE-2030239-A1 (DE)
Title: Tinned welding cable - for spot welding rigs
IPC: H01R4/02
Filed: 1970-06-19
Abstract: The notch effect at the transition from a cable lug to a stranded welding cable for spot welding machines can be avoided if the assembly is dipped with each end into a tin bath before the lugs are pressed to a block shape. Abrasion and impacts between the strands are eliminated by an individual sheath of graphite-impregnated elastomer hose around each strand.
Patent DE-2060495-A1 (DE)
Title: Fuel channel coolant flow regulator - for high temp gas cooled nuclear reactor
Inventor: CHRISTIAN DIPL-ING KIERULF BIR
IPC: G05D23/12
Filed: 1970-12-09
Abstract: Automatic regulator comprises a central molybdenum stem surrounded by a barrel shaped flexible nimonic cylinder. Teh ends of the cylinder are closed and the stem attaches to the lower end but a clearance is left at the top end. The clearance is greatest in the cold state when the bellows is relaxed and the amulus between pipe and bellows affords minimum flow. On increasing flow and consequent temp rise the stemp expands-faster tahn the bellows owing to differing thermal expansion coefficients and the gap closes. When closed the bellows extends and dia reduces - thus increasing the annulus cross-section and permitting max. gas flow. Component life is arranged to suit fuel channel requirements in regard to access for replacement.
Patent DE-2062262-A1 (DE)
Title: Refrigerant interstage cooling - in twostage compression refrigeratin systems
IPC: F25B1/00
Filed: 1970-12-17
Abstract: Stepwise cooling of vapour and liquid in a two-stage refrigerating appts, by spraying the whole of the refrigerant coming from the condenser, which is expanded to the interstage pressure, into the stream of superheated vapour coming from the first stage of compression at high speed.
Patent DE-2115814-A1 (DE)
Title: Resistance paste - contg alkaline earth ruthenate and vitreous binder, can be cofired with conductor paste
Inventor: KUMMER FRANZ DR
IPC: H01C17/065
Filed: 1971-04-01
Abstract: An alkaline earth ruthenate (IV) (mixt) is used in resistance plaste also contg. vitreous binder and a pasting agent. The paste is used in the prodn. of an electric thick film structural elements for layers between conductor paths. Unlike the familiar types, this resistance paste is suitable for cofiring with the conductor paste. The pastes have good compatibility and the resistance value shows a linear dependence on the length of the resistance layer. The paste contains 5-60% ruthenate, in the form of particles 5 mu.
Patent DE-2118052-A1 (DE)
Title: Paper stock head box - improving paper web quality by provision of mixing chamber between distribution and laminar flow
IPC: D21F1/02
Filed: 1971-04-14
Abstract: Paperstock head box as in parent patent is modified to improve the paper web quality still further by provision of a mixing chamber between the distribution and laminar flow pipes which are staggered w.r.t. one another.
Patent DE-2120199-A1 (DE)
Title: Heavy-oil hydrogenation plant - using high temp pressurized reactor chamber in closed circuit system
IPC: C10G47/00
Filed: 1971-04-24
Abstract: A mixture of coal-tar, asphalt or petroleum residues with hydrogen or hydrogenous gas is circulated in a reaction chamber as two independent streams esp. flowing in opposite directions together with an optional catalyst forming a third phase. The relative dimensions are such that the ratio of H to liquid is approx. constant at all points in the system. The dispersed gas content is 5 - 50 esp. 10 - 30 vol.% and the speed of circulation 0.2 - 5 esp. 1 - 3 m/sec. is sufficiently high to ensure that the gas bubbles do not marry up into exceptionally large cavities e.g. are less than 5 mm. esp. 3 mm. in size so ensuring maximum effective reaction surface areas.
Patent DE-2132273-A1 (DE)
Title: Cutting flock from threads - by wetting and freezing before cutting
IPC: D01G1/04
Filed: 1971-06-29
Abstract: In cutting flock from a thread bundle, the bundle is wetted and frozen before cutting, pref. down to -25 degrees C.
Patent DE-2145732-A1 (DE)
Title: Yarn cleaning - by controlled air flow against yarn before contactless monitoring
Inventor: PAUL ANDREAS DIPL ING
IPC: B65H63/06
Filed: 1971-09-13
Abstract: Designed for use in conjunction with optic-electric or electronic yarn sensors, the air stream to remove any loose matter - such as dust or lint - is directed at right angles to the direction of yarn travel, or against the line of yarn travel to form a cylinder of air round the yarn. The purpose is to extract any loose matter more effectively for a given air energy supply without disturbing the sensing zone.
Patent DE-2200584-A1 (DE)
Title: Imido-,pyrimido-,and diazepino-(1,2-a)indoles -antidepressants - antiinflammatories,antihistamines,and hypoglycaemics with cardiovascu
Inventor: CHAPMAN WHITE ALAN
IPC: C07D487/04
Filed: 1972-01-07
Abstract: Title cpds. are of formula (I) including acid and quat. ammonium salts of I where R=OH, (1-6C) O-alkyl O-aralkyl, O-acyl, or O-tetrahydropyranyl; R1 = mono- or bi-cyclic aryl aralkyl (1-6C) alkyl, (2-6C) alkenyl, (2-6C) alkynyl, or aminoalkyl, or R+R1 = oxo, alkylene ketal or dialkoxy, R2 and R5 = H, OH (1-6C) alkyl, (1-6C) O-alkyl, (1-6C) haloalkyl, hal, NH2, NH alkyl, or N(alkyl)2, or (where R+R1 =oxo etc), may be NO2, R3 and R4 = H and/or (1-6C) alkyl or R3 = H and R4 = OH, n = 0-2; and R6 = H, aralkyl, (1-6C) alkyl, (2-6C) alkenyl, (2-6C) alkynyl, aminoalkyl, or acyl. I are prepd. by (a) oxidising an alpha-aryl heterocyclic methanol deriv. e.G. with MnO2, (b) cyclising the resultant ketone (Ullman reaction), opt (c) condensing with an organo-metallic compd. and (d) reducing the N=C double bond.
Patent DE-2200764-A1 (DE)
Title: 4,6-di (substd amino) - thieno (2,3-d) pyrimidines - useful as antithrombotic agents
Inventor: NARR BERTHOLD DIPL-CHEM DR
IPC: C07D495/04
Filed: 1972-01-07
Abstract: Cpds. of formula (I): (where Z1 is 2-5C aminoalkylamino or an N-bonded satd. 5-or 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring opt. interrupted by O, S, SO, SO2 or NR (where R is alkyl, acyl aralkyl alkoxycarbonyl, or benzyloxycarbonyl) and/or opt. substd by lower alkyl Z2 is a heterocyclic ring as defined by Z1, R5 and R6 are H or lower alkyl) inhibit thrombocyte aggregation and adhesivity. They are pref. prepd. by reacting a cpd. (I) where Z1 and Z2 are halogen, SH, SR', SOR' or SO2R' (where R' is alkyl, aryl or aralkyl) or one of Z1 and Z2 can be as defined above, with the corresp. amine(s).
Patent DE-2208922-A1 (DE)
Title: Styrene polymn - with addn of dialkyl/diaryl phosphite to prevent discoloration by inhibitor and release agent
Inventor: SIMAK PETER DR
IPC: C08F12/08
Filed: 1972-02-25
Abstract: In the polymsn. of styrene stabilised with t.-butyl-pyrocatechol as prepolymsn. inhibitor, in the presence of salts of higher fatty acids as mould release agent, 0.001-1wt.% dialkyl or diaryl phosphite is added to prevent discolouration. Diphenyl, dibenzyl, dibutyl and diisopropyl phosphites are prefd.
Patent DE-2211353-A1 (DE)
Title: Gas for industrial furnaces - comprises liquid fuel enriched low calorific value gas
Inventor: JAKOBI WILHELM
IPC: F23G7/06
Filed: 1972-03-09
Abstract: Low calorific value gases such as blast furnace gas are enriched with benzine or liquified gas by the first stemp combustion of a proportion of the low or high calorific value fuel in the low calorific value fuel feed line followed by the addition of the high calorific value fuel or the remainder of this to the preheated stream of low calorific fuel with flue gas from the first stage. The gas fuel is heated up suffic. high to ensure complete evapn. of the liq. fuel addn. The method does away with the need for recuperative heating of the low calorific value gas.
Patent DE-2220102-A1 (DE)
Title: N-acyl-carboxylic acid imino ethers - plant protection agents
Inventor: GRIGAT ERNST DR
IPC: C07C253/00
Filed: 1972-04-25
Abstract: Title cpds of formula R1R2CH-C(OR)=N-(CO)n-A' (I) (where R is haloalkyl or an opt. subst. aromatic residue which can also be linked with heterocyclic residues or contain bridge members; R1 and R2 are unsatd; electron withdrawing, residues, and can also be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring; n is 1 or 2; and A' is R3, OR3 or CHR1R2, R3 being an opt. subst. aliphatic, aromatic, or heterocyclic residue), are prepd by reacting cpds: Hal-C(OR)=N-(CO)nA (where Hal is halogen and A is -(O)R3 or halogen) with CH-acidic cpds. R1-C2H-R2 at -50 degrees to 120 degrees C in the presence of base.
Patent DE-2232579-A1 (DE)
Title: Firing halide (mixtures) - in gaseous or atomised state to increase oxide/halogen yield
Inventor: NOWAK RUDOLF DIPL ING
IPC: C01B13/22
Filed: 1972-07-03
Abstract: The temp. of the halide(s) fed to the combustion chamber and/or the pressure in the combustion chamber are chosen so that the vapour pressure of the halide is greater than the combustion chamber pressure. This leads to instant evaporation of the halide(s) and fine atomisation of high b.pt. halides (in mixts) to promote reaction and avoid incrustations in nozzles and combustion chambers. The reaction can be catalysed by addn. of different halogen or their cpds. Incrustations may also be reduced by cooling the reaction mixt. and then rotating it in the combustion chambers, e.g. by using a vortex chamber. The latter also improves reaction rates as does passage of reaction mixt. through a conical expansion chamber and carrying out volume-increase reactions at 1 atm. press. and volume-decrease reactions at >1 atm. press.
Patent DE-2239330-A1 (DE)
Title: Fruit sorting machine - using multiple endless plastic belts in varied spaced sets
Inventor: BRAEUNER FRANZ
IPC: A23N15/00
Filed: 1972-08-10
Abstract: Fruit sorting appts in which the fruit is delivered down a slopping, vibrated, ribbed plate into the first set of sorting belts, whose spacing corresponds to that of the ribs, thence onto a second set of belts at wider spacing and thence into a discharge chute. Smallest and intermediate grade fruit falls through the belts into hoppers whence boxes/containers are filled automatically. The belts are of plastic cord esp polyamide and PVC. Fruit is not rinsed or damaged.
Patent DE-2255844-A1 (DE)
Title: Screw conveyor for moistening powders - narrow section allows metering with larger section to provide space for mixing with water
Inventor: KAUFMANN WALTER F
IPC: B01F29/64
Filed: 1972-11-15
Abstract: Liquid to moisten dry powder in a screw conveyor is introduced via a rotating seal into the shaft of the conveyor and sprayed from holes in the shaft onto the powder. The powder is metered from a hopper by a primary narrow bore screw section which then opens into a larger diameter section with the hollow shaft. The shell of this section also rotates but a different speed and the free space allows a tumbling action which ensures good mixing.
Patent DE-2312738-A1 (DE)
Title: Phosphorus contg amidines - pesticides esp insecticides acaricides and nematocides
Inventor: BERIGER ERNST DR
IPC: C07F9/44
Filed: 1973-03-14
Abstract: Cpds (I) of formula: (R1 = phenyl, opt. substd. by 1-3 halo, 1-2, 1-4C alkyl or alkoxy, NO2, CN or CF3 or by one 1-4C carbalkoxy, R2 = Me, MeO, Et, EtO or phenyl, R2 = H or Me, R4 and R5 and R5 together with the N atom complete a morpholino, piperidino or pyrrolidino ring or R5 with R4 or R5 complete a 5-6 membered ring in which case the other one of R4 and R5 is Me or Et. (I) may be prepd. by condensing e.g. an appropriate phosphoramide with a dialkyl acetal of an amide.
Patent DE-2317139-A1 (DE)
Title: Potentiated antidiabetic medicaments - contg. a sulphonylurea or sulphon-amide antidiabetic agent together with dihydroergotamine
Inventor: SIREK OTAKAR VICTOR PROF
IPC: A61K31/64
Filed: 1973-04-05
Abstract: Antidiabetically active medicaments contain (a) an antidiabetic agent of the sulphonylurea or sulphonamide type (e.g. tolbutamide, carbutamide, acetohexamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, glibornuride, glibenclamide, glisoxepide, glipizide, gliquidone, glycodiazine or glidanyl sodium) and (b) dihydroergotamine (I) or a pharmaceutically tolerable salt thereof with an (in)org. acid. Combination of the antidiabetic agent with the alpha-blocker and antiserotonin agent (I) considerably increases and prolongs its hypoglycaemic action, so that the dosage of the antidiabetic agent can be reduced to 1/4 to 1/10 of the usual therapeutic dosage. In addn., (I) exerts a favourable effect on the circulation.
Patent DE-2326632-A1 (DE)
Title: Equipment for removing waste material - has container supporting rollers and container rotating tyres
Inventor: ALTVATER JAKOB
IPC: B61D3/16
Filed: 1973-05-25
Abstract: The equipment for removing waste material such as refuse, includes a large capacity container moving on single rail track in which refuse brought by collecting vehicle is off-loaded and which when filled is rolled across the track on transport vehicle. Fitted to outer cylindrical surface of the container are two parallel ring rails by which the container is resting on roller mounted on each side of pedestal frame. One of the rollers has a collar projecting between the parallel rails and axially locating the container, and the other is attached to a cylinder of hydraulic lifting gear mounted in the pedestal frame. The container is rotated by a pair of air tyres co-axially mounted each side of the container locating roller and engaging the outer surface of the container.
Patent DE-2329982-A1 (DE)
Title: Light grid consisting of reflecting light barriers - has two receivers or receiver optical systems allocated to each sender
Inventor: BECHTEL KLAUS
IPC: G01V8/20
Filed: 1973-06-13
Abstract: The sender optical system is staggered with respect to the two corresponding receiver optical systems, so that the centres of the three optical systems form apices of a triangle, ang the beam projections overlap. Apices of triangles connecting optical systems of two consecutive light barriers point in opposite directions; in each two adjacent sender/receiver groups one is switched inoperative, and the other is operative. Each sender with its optical system is positioned between two receivers with associated optical systems. The arrangement leaves no wedge-shaped gaps in the beam-path.