Patent GB-912494-A (GB)
Title: Steel wool
IPC: A47L13/03
Filed: 1960-11-03
Abstract: Aluminium is cleaned using a combination of steel wool with a partial ester of phosphoric acid and an aliphatic alcohol.  The partial esters may be neutralized or unneutralized.  Preferably one or more aliphatic radicals containing at least 4 and desirably 8 to 20 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof are used, the alcohols having straight or branched chains and being saturated or unsaturated.  A linkage such as a lower polyhydric alcohol, e.g. glycerine, may be provided between the phosphoric acid and the alcohol.  Orthophosphoric acid or polyphosphoric acid, e.g. dimers or trimers of orthophosphoric acid such as pyrophosphoric acid and tripolyphosphoric acid, may be employed.  The partial esters may be neutralized, e.g. to form salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals such as sodium, potassium, or magnesium, or ammonium and amine salts, e.g. triethanolamine, decylamine. Suitable esters are:-sodium butyl orthophosphate (mixed primary and secondary ester), an equi-molar mixture of the mono- and di-ester of orthophosphoric acid and lauryl alcohol, di-sodium monomyristyl orthophosphate, the sodium salt of the mixed mono- and di-esters of orthophosphoric acid with oleyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, or the fatty alcohols derived from the hydrogenation of coconut oil or tallow fatty acids. Other suitable esters include the sodium, potassium or magnesium salts of the di-ester of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and pyrophosphoric acid, and salts of the formula R5Na5(P3O10)2 where R is 2-ethyl hexyl or capryl, e.g. disodium monolauryl orthophosphate, magnesium monolauryl orthophosphate disodium mono-oleyl orthophosphate and other salts of primary and secondary esters of orthophosphoric and higher (e.g. C0-C28) mono-hydric primary aliphatic alcohols.  The steel wool may also be loaded with detergent which may be supplied separately or preferably together with the ester or esters and impregnated in the steel wool pad.  Suitable detergents are anionic non-soap detergents, e.g. alkali and alkaline earth salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates such as sulphonates of alkylated benzene, toluene, cresol, naphthalene or the like with a C10-18 alkyl group, e.g. sodium pentadecyl benzene sulphonate and sodium tetra propylene benzene sulphonate; or higher fatty acid sulphates e.g. potassium luaryl sulphate and the lithium salt of sulphated alcohols derived from coconut oil by reduction; or sulphated higher fatty acid monoglycerides, e.g. sodium or magnesium salts of monosulphated glyceryl monomyristate; or higher fatty acid N-substituted taurates, e.g. sodium N-methyl-N-oleoyl taurate.  Suitable amphoteric detergents for use with or without other detergents include water soluble salts of N-higher alkyl b -aminopropionic acid, e.g. the triethanolamine salt of N-lauryl b -alanine and the sodium salt of N-higher b -iminodipropionic acid; or of higher alkyl substituted quaternary hydroxy cycloimidinic acid metal alcoholates, e.g. the disodium salt of 1-(2 hydroxyethyl)-1-(carboxymethyl)-2-hendecyl-4, 5 dihydroimidazolinium hydroxide; or water soluble ralts of trialkyl ammonium carboxylic acids, e.g. the sodium salt of lauryldimethylammonium acetic acid.  Suitable non-ionic detergents include the water-soluble ethylene oxide condensates of water-insoluble polypropylene glycols, the higher fatty acid alkanolamides, e.g. lauric mono- and di-ethanolamide, the ethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, e.g. nonyl phenol condensed with ethylene oxide, which latter may be used if desired mixed with buffer salt, starch or the like to form a solid.  Soap may be included in the pad.  The esters may be used in conjunction with one or more inorganic alkaline buffer salts which inhibit the rusting of the steel wool, e.g. sodium carbonate, sesquicarbonate, or bicarbonate, sodium or potassium silicate, borax, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate and trisodium phosphate. The esters with detergents, plasticizers and preferably inorganic alkaline detergent builders may be used for plastic paste fillers for steel wool pads.  Suitable plasticizers are alkylolamides (including glycerolamides) of higher fatty acids, and ethylene oxide condensate non-ionic detergents, e.g. ethylene oxide condensates of higher fatty acids, fatty acid amides and C6-12-alkyl phenols.  Specification 816,366 is referred to.ALSO:Aluminium is cleaned using a combination of steel wool with a partial ester of phosphoric acid and an aliphatic alcohol.  The partial esters may be neutralized or unneutralized.  Preferably one or more aliphatic radicals containing at least 4 and desirably 8 to 20 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof are used, the alcohols having straight or branched chains and being saturated or unsaturated.  A linkage such as a lower polyhydric alcohol, e.g. glycerine, may be provided between the phosphoric acid and the alcohol. Orthophosphoric acid or polyphosphoric acid, e.g. dimers or trimers of orthophosphoric acid such as pyrophosphoric acid and tripolyphosphoric acid, may be employed.  The partial esters may be neutralized e.g. to form salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals such as sodium, potassium, or magnesium, or ammonium and amine salts e.g. triethanolamine, decylamine.  Suitable esters are: sodium butyl orthophosphate (mixed primary and secondary ester), an equimolar mixture of the mono- and di-esters of orthophosphoric acid and lauryl alcohol, di-sodium monomyristal orthophosphate, the sodium salt of the mixed mono- and di-ester of orthophosphoric acid and the fatty alcohols derived from the hydrogenation of coconut oil fatty acid or tallow fatty acid; oleyl alcohol; decyl alcohol or tridecyl alcohol. Other suitable esters include the sodium, potassium, magnesium or like salts of the di-ester of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and pyrophosphoric acid and those of the formula R5Na5(P3O10)2, where R is 2-ethyl hexyl or capryl, e.g. disodium monolauryl orthophosphate magnesium monolauryl orthophosphate disodium mono-oleyl orthophosphate and other salts of primary and secondary esters of orthophosphoric and higher (e.g. C8-C20) mono-hydric primary aliphatic alcohols.  The steel wool may be contacted with the ester or esters at the time of scouring or prior thereto e.g. steel wool pads may be impregnated with the ester or esters.  The steel wool may also be loaded with detergent which may be supplied separately or preferably together with the ester or esters and impregnated in the steel wool pad.  Soap may be included in the pad.  The esters may be used in conjunction with one or more inorganic alkaline buffer salts which inhibit the rusting of the steel wool.  The esters with detergents, plasticizers and preferably inorganic alkaline detergent builders may be used for plastic paste fillers for steel wool pads.  Specification 816,366 is referred to. inclined at an obtuse angle and radiating from a tubular sleeve 1 adapted to be rotatably mounted on the journal 5 of a bobbin 6. One arm is longer than the other.  The bobbin may be spherical, hemi-spherical, oblate spheroidal or drum shaped.  The Provisional Specification describes a dan leno comprising a circular plate having a central bearing sleeve and arms radiating from the sleeve and secured to the face of the plate.