baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-312217-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dynamo-electric machines
IPC: H02K3/32
Filed: 1928-02-22
Abstract: 312,217. Kuyser, J. A., and Associated Electrical Industries, Ltd. Feb. 22. 1928. Coils and conductors; insulation; cores; windings.- An alternating-current machine has a number of complete windings superposed in layers in the same slots with insulations of increasing strength from the innermost to the outermost winding, the windings being connected in series so that the potential of the innermost and outermost windings are respectively nearest to and furthest from that of the core. In the form shown, three windings 3, 4, 5 are used with an approximately common conductor section and insulation thicknesses increasing from the innermost 3, which has the lowest potential with regard to the core, to the outermost 5. The end connectors 6 of the low potential winding are kept nearest to the core end-plate 2. The winding 3 is first wound as a 3-phase star system and it is insulated at the bottom of the slots so as to withstand its own voltage to correspond with the requisite factor of safety. The second winding 4 is then wound' as an open 3-phase winding over and in series with the winding 3 and it is insulated to withstand the sum of the voltages in both windings with the required factor of safety. The third winding 5 is similarly wound and insulated over and in series with the winding 4. To enable insulation of different thicknesses to be used in parallel sided slots, the conductor sections in the windings may differ, as in Fig. 2, or, alternatively, the slots may be stepped, as in Fig. 3, with their widest parts at the bottom.
Patent GB-623442-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for controlling the terminal voltage of a load
IPC: G05F1/52
Filed: 1947-02-27
Abstract: 623,442. Control systems for consumption apparatus; automatic voltage control. PHILIPS LAMPS, Ltd. Feb. 27, 1947, No. 5694. Convention date, April 27, 1944. [Class 38 (iv)] In a supply circuit including in series with the load, a grid-controlled variable impedance control tube, particularly one in which the grid of the control tube is at high potential relative to a circuit for controlling the grid bias, the bias is derived from a further tube surrounded by a magnet coil which controls the impedance of the tube by magnetic action on the electron stream. As shown in Fig. 1, a tube 3, with magnetic control 5-7, is in series with a source 4, load 1 and variable impedance control tube 2, the last being biassed by the voltage across tube 3. With switch 7 open and the magnet coil 5 thus de-energized, tube 3 has low impedance, resulting in small bias for tube 2 which is, consequently, conducting and allows energization of the load. When switch 7 is closed, the impedance of tube 3 increases due to curvature of the electron paths. Tube 2 is, thereby, biassed to cut-off and the load de-energized. In the modified arrangement of Fig. 2, the terminal voltage of the load 1 is controlled by a rheostat 11 by which the magnet coil current may be varied to control the current of tube 3, this current passing through a bias resistor 10 for the series impedance tube 2. The magnet coil current may be automatically controlled to maintain a constant voltage across the load. Fig. 3 shows such a system in which the load is an X-ray tube 18 supplied in series with the variable impedance tube 19 from Greinacher circuit 13-17. The magnetically controlled tube 25 controls tube 19 as in Fig. 2, the magnet coil current being supplied from source 21 through a master tube 20, the grid bias of which is controlled by the H.T. circuit voltage by a potentiometer 28, 29. A switch 24 completes an independent biassing circuit whereby tube 20 may be rendered non- conducting to de-energize the X-ray tube. In a similar arrangement the magnetically-con. trolled tube is an aligned-grid pentode and controls the series impedance tube by the changes in screen current occurring with variations in magnet coil current, feedback in the cathode-grid circuit being also provided to increase the sensitivity of control.
Patent GB-918405-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of hardened, ester-modified epoxy resins
IPC: C08L63/00
Filed: 1961-02-15
Abstract: Hardened resins are prepared by heating a mixture of (a) a compound containing at least two epoxide groups per molecule, (b) a meltable carbonate or polycarbonate of an organic polyhydroxy compound, said carbonate or polycarbonate being solid at room temperature and having terminal hydroxy groups, and (c) a hardener for (a).  In a modification (a) is first reacted with (b) before being mixed with (c).  Lists of suitable polyepoxides (a) are given, bisphenol A/epichlorhydrin and 2,2-(dicyclohex-3-enyl)-propane dioxide being used in the examples.  Long lists of suitable polyhydroxy compounds for (b) are also given.  Conventional anhydride hardeners (c) are listed, and the following hardeners are used in the examples:-the Na salt of bisphenol A, benzidine, and mixtures of phthalic anhydride with tributylamine, dimethyl cyclohexylamine and N-methyl decahydroquinoline.  Optionable additives mentioned are glass fibres, asbestos, glass powder, soot and graphite.  Carbonate preparation. In Examples (1), (4) and (6) carbonates are prepared from varying proportions of bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate in the presence of the Na salt of bisphenol A.  In (8) from diphenyl carbonate and 1,1,1-(4,41,411-trihydroxy triphenyl) ethane.  In (10) from diphenyl carbonate and hexane-1,6-diol in the presence of NaOH.ALSO:Meltable carbonates or polycarbonates of organic polyhydroxy compounds, which are solid at room temperature, and have terminal hydroxyl groups are mixed with polyepoxides (see Group IV(a)).  In Examples (1), (4) and (6) carbonates are prepared from varying proportions of bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate in the presence of the Na salt of bisphenol A; in (8) from diphenyl carbonate and 1,1,1 - (4,41,411-trihydroxytriphenyl)ethane; and in Example (10) from diphenyl carbonate and hexane-1,6-diol in the presence of NaOH.
Patent GB-329650-A (GB)
Title: Improved wardrobe fitting
IPC: A47B61/02
Filed: 1929-02-21
Abstract: 329,650. Kel-zo Engineering Co., Ltd., Kelso, R., and McErlane, D. A. Feb. 21,1929. Garment racks.-A pull-out garment hanging device for wardrobes consists of U-shaped rail 1, the ends of which are connected by a bridge piece 2 of channel section, slidably mounted upon a guide rail 3 which passes through a slot in the web of the bridge piece. One limb of the rail 1 passes through a boss on the bracket 5 which supports the front end of the guide rail 3. The bridge piece may carry rollers 8 and the bracket 5 a projecting split sleeve 6 to embrace the rail. Specification 22367/13 is referred to.
Patent GB-580820-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fuels for internal combustion engines
IPC: C10L1/02
Filed: 1944-03-29
Abstract: A fuel composition for I.C. engines including compression-ignition engines comprises an ozonised mixture of 3 components in defined proportions, gas oil or gas oil and vaporizing oil, such as kerosene, crude oil or petrol, and a relatively small proportion of an ignition-favouring ingredient, the mixture or its components having been treated with ozone at normal temperature and under pressure. The ignition-favouring ingredients specified comprise ethyl acetate, acetone, or mixtures thereof, and acetone saturated with acetylene with or without ethyl acetate.  The gas oil is used in the proportion of up to about 50 per cent., and the crude oil or petrol up to about 48 per cent. by volume based on the final composition.  The proportion of ignition-favouring ingredient may vary from 2 to 15 per cent. The mixture is treated with the ozone in a closed vessel equipped with agitating means, the ignition-favouring ingredient being added before or after the ozone treatment.  To the mixture being treated, there may be added an oxygen-carrier such as nitro-benzole, or an oxygen transmitter such as turpentine oil or a mixture of these products.  Specifications 20,188/13 [Class 91], and 376,286 are referred to.
Patent GB-557085-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to field-tubes for heat-transfer apparatus, such as water-tube boilers
IPC: F22B23/00
Filed: 1942-05-01
Abstract: 557,085. Tubular heat-exchange elements. LEWIS, W. Y. May 1,1942, No. 5897. Divided out of 555,986. Drawings to Specification. [Class 64 (iii)] A flexible junction between two lengths of an inner tube of a Field tube as described in Specification 436,474 is made of wire of square or rectangular crosssection. The wire helices may have end portions projecting outwardly to centralize the inner tube.
Patent GB-163509-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to seats or supports suitable for use with walking and other sticks
IPC: A45B5/00
Filed: 1920-02-26
Abstract: 163,509. Goodwin, A. Feb. 26, 1920. Crutches.-A folding hinged seat is adapted to be applied to, removed from, and adjusted along a walking stick or a crutch, without having to adapt the latter for the purpose. The seat member a may be pivoted to an adjustable clamp c, e and carries pivoted legs f. The seat is connected to the legs also by toggle members i, j and to the clamp o by toggle members i<1>, j<1>, while a third set of toggle members r may be provided to control the spread of the legs. The height of the seat may be adjusted by moving the clamps e, o, and by making the legs f telescopic.
Patent GB-101320-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Dentures.
Inventor: ARNOLD GEORGE EDMUND
IPC: A61C13/24
Filed: 1916-04-20
Abstract: 101,320. Arnold, G. E., Arnold, H. H., and Arnold, J. C. April 20, 1916. Teeth, artificial.-Means for retaining dentures in the mouth comprise a tubular cushion filled with air or a fluid substance and secured to the edge of the denture so that it adapts itself to the shape of the mouth. The device may be permanently secured in place or fixed by means of press-buttons which may be filled with soft rubber and the like to prevent accumulations of food. In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 3, press-buttons b are employed, the entrant part d of which may be carried either by the tubular member c or by the denture.
Patent GB-1074603-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of primary amines
Filed: 1966-02-10
Abstract: Primary amines are prepared by reacting a secondary alcohol of the formula RR1CHOH, wherein R and R1 are C1- 19 straight-chain alkyl groups and R and R1 together contain 7-20 carbon atoms, with at least an equivalent of ammonia, in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst comprising one or more of the metals Ni, Co or Cu or oxides thereof, at 175-300 DEG  C. and under sufficient pressure to maintain the alcohol in the liquid phase.  In the presence of hydrogen, the oxide catalysts are reduced to the metal or lower oxides.  The catalyst may also contain a normally non-reducible oxide selected from chromium, molybdenum, manganese or thorium oxides.  The preferred catalyst in a nickelcopper-chromia mixture.  The ammonia may be used as an aqueous solution or is the anhydrous form.  A mixture of alcohols may be used.  Examples relate to the preparation of 2-amino-octane and a mixed C12- 15 primary amine.
Patent GB-709244-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to bloom inhibited chocolate
IPC: A23G1/36
Filed: 1952-03-07
Abstract: To inhibit the formation of "bloom" on chocolate, there is added a mixture of any of the following: isosorbide monolaurate:6 polyoxyethylene stearate; isosorbide monostearate: 10 polyoxyethylene stearate; sorbitan monoricinoleate; 20 polyoxyethylene distearate; sorbitan triricinoleate: 4 polyoxyethylene oleate; mannitan diricinolate: 8 polyoxyethylene oleate; sorbitan monolaurate: 12 polyoxyethylene oleate; sorbitan dilaurate: 8 polyoxyethylene palmitate; sorbitan tristearate: 20 polyoxyethylene palmitate; sorbitan monopalmitate: 40 polyoxyethylene palmitate stearate; sorbitan monopalmitate: 10 polyoxyethylene myristate; sorbitan monooleate: 6 polyoxyethylene arachidate; sorbitan trioleate: 4 polyoxypropylene stearate; mannide monolaurate: 6 polyoxypropylene oleate; mannitan trioleate: 4 polyoxypropylene palmitate; propylene glycol monostearate: 6 polyoxypropylene stearate; glycerol monostearate: 6 polyoxypropylene oleate; glycerol distearate: 6 polyoxypropylene palmitate; sorbitol monostearate dioleate: 4 polyoxypropylene, 4 oxyethylene dioleate; mannitol monostearate dioleate: 4 polyoxypropylene, 4 oxyethylene dioleate; dulcitol monolaurate: 4 polyoxyethylene, 4 oxypropylene palmitate oleate. Specification 706,506 is referred to.
Patent GB-1103852-A (GB)
Title: Methods and apparatus for manufacturing high-strength, light-weight aggregates for light-weight concretes
IPC: C04B20/06
Filed: 1965-02-11
Abstract: Light weight aggregate is prepared from crushed grains or pellets of bloating rock by heating the material, removing the powdery portion resulting from this step and then subjecting the rock to bloating. The bloating may be carried out in the presence of a cohesion inhibitor (as defined) e.g. siliceous sand, acidic white earth, siliceous stone or diaspore.  The process may be carried out in a rotary kiln provided with a plurality of cylindrical screens arranged at the boundary between a heating zone and a bloating zone to remove the powdery portion of the material.  Alternatively apparatus may comprise a heating kiln and a bloating kiln with a screen intermediate between them to remove the powdery portion of the material resulting from the heating and a device for supplying cohesion inhibitor to the bloating kiln. Air inlets may be provided immediately below the screen to remove the powdery portion which is carried back into the heating kiln by the exhaust gas of the bloating kiln and lifts may be provided in the bloating kiln so that any powdery material not removed by the screen is carried back into the heating kiln by the combustion gas of the bloating kiln.  The removal of the powdery portion may be carried out entirely by the combustion gas flow, the boundary between the bloating and heating zones being narrowed cross sectionally to provide a greater velocity of combustion gas and provided with lifts which sprinkle the material into the stream of combustion gas so that only pellets are conveyed into the bloating zone.  The cohesion inhibitor may alternatively be introduced into the kiln together with the fuel from the burner.
Patent GB-1430878-A (GB)
Title: Spectrometric apparatus
IPC: G01N21/71
Filed: 1974-02-11
Abstract: 1430878 Discharge apparatus BETHLEHEM STEEL CORP 11 Feb 1974 [21 March 1973] 06096/74 Heading H1X [Also in Divisions F3-F4 and G1] A spectrometer sampling probe for identifying a conductive test piece by analyzing a sample aerosol having sample particles with known elemental characteristics comprises a probe housing 16 made of electrically insulating material and provided with an atmospheric air opening 21 at one end thereof, a cathode 24 mounted at the open end of the probe housing, and an anode 28 located in the probe housing and adapted to co-operate with the cathode to strike a low-voltage electric arc in atmospheric air on the sampling surface thereby to generate a sample aerosol consisting of atmospheric air and arc-disrupted sample particles, and means for withdrawing the said aerosol for subsequent analysis. The cathode 24, which may be a permanent magnet to anchor the probe to a test piece 10 is secured to a brass ring 20 secured to the plastics housing 16. The hollow copper anode 28 may be moved axially against the pressure of a spring 47 by a knob 42 to contact the test piece 10 and strike an arc. The anode is then pushed back by the spring 47 to establish an arc gap the length of which is determined by an adjusting screw 34. Heat is dissipated by a finned aluminium sink 30. The sample aerosol 15 is withdrawn through the hollow anode 28 and passes through a hose 55 to a portable flame photometer (see Division G1). A reset switch 53 controlled by a button 54 is connected through a cable 48 to control circuitry in the photometer.
Patent GB-762390-A (GB)
Title: New polymerisable monomers and dyeable acrylonitrile copolymers thereof
IPC: C08F220/44
Filed: 1954-03-02
Abstract: The invention comprises copolymers of 80-99.5 per cent by weight of acrylonitrile and 0.5-20 per cent by weight of an itaconic ester of the formula <FORM:0762390/IV(a)/1> where R and R1 are alkyl of not more than 4 carbon atoms and n is 2-4.  These are made by refluxing itaconic acid with an aminoalcohol RR1N-(CH2)n-OH in a solvent with a polymerization inhibitor and heating the resulting ester with acrylonitrile in the required proportions in the presence of a polymerization catalyst such as sodium or hydrogen peroxide or alkali metal or ammonium persulphate, percarbonate or perborate. The copolymer may contain other components, e.g. vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, methacrylonitrile, vinyl pyridines, methyl methacrylate and diethyl maleate.  The products have improved acid-dyeing properties compared with polyacrylonitrile itself.  The polymerization may be batchwise, continuous or semi-continuous and is preferably carried out by heating an aqueous emulsion of the components in a sealed glass vessel in the presence of a wetting agent (several specified) and a regulator such as a mercaptan, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dithioglycidol or an alcohol.  The copolymers may be spun into fibres by extrusion of their solutions in a solvent such as dimethyformamide, dimethylacetamide, butyrolactone or ethylene carbonate.  An example is given of the polymerization of a mixture of b -dimethylaminoethyl itaconate and acrylonitrile in the presence of sodium formaldehyde-naphthalene-sulphonate and azo-isobutyronitrile.  The product dissolved in dimethylacetamide is extruded to form a fibre and dyed with Wool Fast Scarlet from an acid bath.  Other specified itaconic esters are methylethylaminoethyl, dipropylaminoethyl, diethylaminopropyl and dibutylaminobutyl.  The products may be made into fibres, threads, bristles, monofilaments, films and like sheet material.ALSO:The invention comprises itaconic esters of the formula <FORM:0762390/IV(b)/1> where R is C1-C4 alkyl, R1 is C2-C4 alkyl and n is 2-4.  These are made by refluxing itaconic acid with the appropriate aminoalcohol and a polymerisation inhibitor in a common solvent.  An example is given of the preparation of an ester from itaconic acid, dimethylaminoethanol and pyrogallol in benzene; this ester although not forming part of the invention is used in making copolymers (see Group IV (a)).  It is stated that the dipropylaminoethyl, methylethylaminoethyl, diethylaminopropyl and dibutylaminobutyl esters may be made similarly.  The use of a polymerisation inhibitor is not essential.
Patent GB-705392-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to hypodermic injection apparatus
Inventor: BROWN FRANK EDGAR
IPC: A61M5/31
Filed: 1951-03-14
Abstract: 705,392. Hypodermic injection devices. TURNBULL, F. M. March 14, 1951, No. 6202/51. Class 81(2) In a hypodermic injection assembly a tubular member has by-pass, means integral with its bore the surface of which supports a stopper sealing the by-pass against passage of liquid. In one form of the invention an ampoule tube 15, Fig. 1, is provided with a fixed stopper 18 at one end and a piston stopper 16 at the other end. The tube 15 is divided by a third stopper 20 into a liquid medicament chamber 22 and a liquid or powder medicament chamber 21. A' by-pass 23 in the form of a groove in the bore of the tube 15 is provided near the stopper 20. When it is desired to mix the medicaments in the chambers 21, 22 the piston stopper 16 is projected into the tube 15, pressure being transmitted through the liquid adjacent this stopper 16 to project the stopper 20 until it lies in the region of the by-pass grove 23. Continued projection of the piston stopper 16 will force liquid from the first medicament chamber 22 through the by-pass 23 into the second medicament chamber 21. When the two medicaments have been thoroughly mixed by agitation, they are drawn into a hypodermic syringe the needle of which punctures the fixed stopper 18. The by-pass may alternatively take the form of several straight or helical grooves in the bore of the ampoule tube 15 or the tube 15 may be made of oval cross-section in the region where a by-pass is required. Alternatively, the stopper normally sealing the by-pass may be made of resilient material and the by-pass may take the form of ribs constricting the bore of the ampoule tube, liquid being enabled to flow between the ribs when the stopper is pushed on to them. The ampoule may be used with a syringe having a thrust or post portion in which case the fixed stopper is replaced by a wall integral with the body of the ampoule Fig. 6 (not shown). The invention may be embodied in a syringe. The syringe barrel 39, Fig. 7, is provided with a piston stepper 44 at one end and a needle 40 fitted with a cover 46 at the other end. The barrel 39 is divided into two medicament chambers by a stopper 41, a by-pass 49 being provided. The needle cover 46 is removed and used to project the piston stopper 44 so that liquid in one medicament chamber 43 projects the stopper 41 and is thus enabled to flow through the by-pass 49 into the other medicament chamber. On further projection the piston stopper 44 bears against the stopper 41 and together the stoppers 41, 44 force liquid through the needle 40 for injection purposes. In another embodiment of the invention, Fig. 11, a syringe is provided having only cne medicament chamber 60. On projection of a piston stopper 57 by a needle cover 56, a stopper 58 which normally seals a by-pass 59 in the form of ribs or grooves in the bore of the syringe barrel 54, is moved so that liquid from the medicament chamber may be forced through the by-pass to the injection needle 55.
Patent GB-522829-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to hand wheels for use in the control systems of aeroplanes
IPC: B64C13/04
Filed: 1938-12-15
Abstract: 522,829. Aircraft controls. AIRSPEED (1934), Ltd., TILTMAN, A. H., and ELLISON, A. E. Dec. 15, 1938, No. 6306/39. Divided out of 519,519. [Class 4] A hand wheel for an aircraft or motor car comprises a spokeless hollow rim which can move over a curved rail fixed to a support such as the control column. The rim extends over the greater part of the whole of the circumference. In one form, an arcuate member 1 provided with hand grips 2 is formed in two parts which can be secured about a rail 4 with interposed ball bearings. The rail 4 is secured to a tubular column 9, and cables 11 secured to the ends of the member 1 pass through holes 13 in the rail and over guide pulleys 14, to control the ailerons. Fig. 5 shows a modification in which the rail 4 is secured upon the end of a horizontal tube 15 connected to the top of an aircraft control column and sliding through the dashboard, the aileron cables being guided over curved tracks consisting of plates 16 bearing a number of rollers. In this case the rim is not split but is threaded over the ends of the rail. An additional cable 20 secured at one end to the rim and connected at its other end to a lever 19 on the other arm of the rim passes around a pulley 22 on a lever 23: for actuating a brake-rod 25. The lever 23 is mounted on a lever 26 so that wear can be taken up by an adjusting-screw 28.