Patent GB-1294700-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulically operated servo systems, particularly for vehicle power steering systems
IPC: B62D5/09
Filed: 1969-11-20
Abstract: 1294700 Vehicle power steering TRW Inc 20 Nov 1969 [2 June 1969] 56941/69 Heading B7H An hydraulically-operated servo system which may be utilized in a motor vehicle power steering system, includes a main pump 31, a single work cylinder 14 having a piston 17 with a piston rod 19 extruding from one face only of the piston, and a manually operable hydrostatic unit 15 for controlling flow of fluid between the pump and opposite ends of the work cylinder, the unit comprising a valve which operates to control fluid flow so as to equalize steering forces in both directions of turn.  As shown, the power steering system comprises an hydraulic cylinder 16 in which the area 81 of the piston is twice the area 18; and an hydrostatic unit 15 having a gear assembly 22 and a valve assembly 23 including an axially movable valve sleeve 24 coupled by a helical track 78 and ball 74 to a steering shaft 26. Valve sleeve 24 is formed with peripheral grooves 39-44 and a pair of apertures 46, 47 interconnecting two grooves 40, 43 with the hollow interior of the valve sleeve. The interior of sleeve 24 houses a shaft 61 connected to shaft 26 and about which is disposed a spring 60 which urges the sleeve to a neutral position. A wobble shaft 32 of the gear assembly 22 is partly disposed in the interior of sleeve 24 and is splined thereto as at 36, the remote end of shaft 32 being splined as at 33 to a rotor 29 meshing with a stator 30. Rotor 29 has one tooth less than stator 30. A pin 34 on the remote end of shaft 32 engages part of a commutator assembly 31. Valve sleeve 24 is disposed in a housing 27 in the cylindrical bore wall 37 of which are several grooves P, M, C, X, R,Y, C<SP>1</SP>, P<SP>1</SP>, R<SP>1</SP>, P<SP>11</SP> and parts 48, 50, 53, 54, the former two being connected to opposite sides of a pump 12 and reservoir 13, and the latter two being connected to respective ends 56, 58 of cylinder 16. Operation.-The valve sleeve 24 is shown in a neutral position in which fluid entering port 48 flows through internal housing conduit 52 then via grooves P<SP>1</SP>, 44 and R<SP>1</SP> to port 50 and thence to the reservoir. Rotation of shaft 26 in one direction causes sleeve 24 to shift axially to a first operating position (Fig. 2, not shown). Initially, sleeve 24 cannot rotate since the internal hydraulic circuitry of gear assembly 22 is blocked. In this operating position, fluid entering port 48 passes through the gear assembly causing the latter and sleeve 24 to rotate, "following-up" rotation of shaft 26. The fluid then passes through an aperture (80) in rotor 29 and through sleeve interior, apertures 46, 47 and parts 53, 54 to cylinder ends 56, 58, outlet port 50 being blocked. Hence, as piston 17 moves under the force imbalance on its two sides, fluid is urged from chamber 56 via port 53, aperture 46, the sleeve interior, aperture 47 and port 54 to chamber 58. If the pressure due to pump 12 is P, the force acting on the left side of piston 17 is PA (where A is the area) and on the right side of piston 17 is 2PA, and the net force acting on the piston, to the left, is PA. Rotation of shaft 26 in the other direction from the neutral position causes the sleeve 24 to shift axially to a Second operating position (Fig. 3, not shown) in which the chamber 56 is supplied with pressure fluid from the pump while chamber 58 is opened to the reservoir. The net force acting on piston 17, to the right, is PA, and hence equal faces are transmitted to the steerable wheels in both directions of steering. In the event that pump 12 is not working, steering is still possible since gear assembly 22 acts as a manually operable pump to move the pressure fluid in both operating positions of valve sleeve 24. The sleeve 24, having shifted axially due to turning of the shaft 26 is then manually rotated by engagement of a stud head 295a with one or other side of a slot in the sleeve, and, due to the splined connection between sleeve 24 and wobble shaft 32, rotates rotor 29.