Patent GB-445275-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of the tissue of marine animals
IPC: A23K10/22
Filed: 1934-10-01
Abstract: The tissue of marine animals is subjected without addition of water to heat treatment, including freezing, or osmotic treatment to coagulate the coagulable albumen and to separate the tissue into two components substantially unmodified chemically a solid residue usable, e.g. in the form of a meal, for animal food or as a fertilizer and containing coagulable albumen and practically all the fat in the tissue, and a liquid component.  The coagulable albumens are those coagulated by heat treatment at above 70 DEG  C. but at or below 96 DEG  C.  The raw materials may be subjected immediately after catching the animal to the separating treatment, or are rendered storable by first subjecting to sterilization for example by heat treatment or addition of preserving agents or of acids or production of acids biologically, or by freezing, smoking or pickling.  The materials treated include tissue of whales and other sea mammals, as well as herrings or other small fish, mussels, &c., also besides the flesh tissue, organs such as liver, heart, spleen, stomach, kidney, suprarenal capsule, lungs, brain, thyroid gland, collateral thyroid gland, and spinal cord, bone marrow, gut, skin, &c.  In an example, herrings are heated for about 3-4 mins, in an air bath at 90-96 DEG  C., subdivided, and the liquid separated in a centrifuge from albumen, fat and flesh residues.  In another example, 100 kg. of shelled messels are mixed with 50 kg. of cooking salt, cell liquid being separated by osmosis.  The solid residue is then separated by osmosis, electro-osmosis, pressing or centrifuging. Specifications 373,028, [Group VI], and 379,230 are referred to.ALSO:The tissue of marine animals is subjected without addition of water to heat treatment, including freezing, or osmotic treatment adapted to coagulate the coagulable albumens and to separate the tissue into two componenets substantially unmodified chemically, a solid residue usable, e.g. in the form of a meal, for human or animal food or as a fertilizer and containing coagulated albumen and practically all the fat in the tissue, and a liquid component adapted to be converted directly into products for human nutrition.  The coagulable albumens are those coagulated by heat treatment at above 70 DEG  C., but at or below 96 DEG  C.  The raw materials may be subjected immediately after catching the animal to the separating treatment or are rendered storable by first subjecting to sterilization for example by heat treatment, or addition of preserving agents, or of acids, or production of acids biologically, or by freezing smoking or pickling.  The liquid product may be preserved by sterilization or pasteurization or by chemical or biological action or freezing or cooling and may be wholly or partly freed from its water content, if desired under reduced pressure, and reduced to a pasty, solid or pulverulent state.  Prior to or after drying, which may be effected on rolls or by spray drying, it may be mixed with a solid carrier such as starch, soluble starch, sugar, common salt, albumen, or subdivided flavouring materials.  The materials treated include tissue of whales and other sea mammals, as well as herrings and other small fish, mussels, &c., also, besides the flesh tissue part, organs such as the liver, heart, spleen, stomach, kidney, suprarenal capsule, lungs, brain, thyroid gland, collateral thyroid gland, spiral cord, bone marrow, gut, skin, &c. In an example, herrings are heated for about 3-4 mins. in an air bath at 90-96 DEG  C., subdivided, and the liquid separated in a centrifuge from albumen, fat and flesh residues.  The liquid is concentrated at low temperature, e.g. below 50 DEG  C., to a content of 40-90 per cent of dry substances, and common salt or flavouring may be added.  In another example, 100 kg. of shelled mussels are mixed with 50 kg. of cooking salt, cell liquid being separated by osmosis.  The liquid is then separated from the solid residue by osmosis, electro-osmosis, pressing or centrifuging and may be dried. Specifications 373,028 and 379,230 are referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the use of physico-chemical treatment generally, with the exception of electro-osmosis and treatment with solvents, for the separation of the tissue into the solid and liquid components.  In a further example, 100 kg. of moist skin substance from whales is heated with 5 kg. of cooking salt for 2 hours at 90-93 DEG  C., and after treating in a filter press the liquid obtained is centrifuged and may be mixed with 20 kg. of a mixture of finely milled dry materials such as pepper, parsley, dried and subdivided vegetables, cooking salt, sugar, dried yeast, rice, rye or pea flour, soya meal, oatmeal, &c., the pulp obtained being dried, e.g. by spraying, and subdivided and may be used for flavouring, in making dried soups &c.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.