Patent GB-985262-A (GB)
Title: Polyolefin process and catalyst
IPC: C08F4/68
Filed: 1963-08-28
Abstract: Alpha-olefines are homo- or co-polymerized using as catalyst the product obtained by treating a reduced transition metal halide in a first step with an organoaluminium compound in a diluent at a temperature of from 50 DEG  to 70 DEG  C., maintaining the mixture at a temperature of from 50 DEG  to 70 DEG  C. for at least three minutes and then adding in a second step an organoaluminium compound which may be the same or different from that added in the first step, in an amount to bring the aluminium transition metal atomic ratio into the range 1 : 1 to 5 : 1, the organoaluminium compound added in the first step forming at least 20% of the total organoaluminium compound or compounds added.  The reduced transition metal halide is preferably a preformed titanium trichloride, e.g. titanium trichloride prepared by hydrogen reduction of the tetrachloride, titanium trichloride co-crystallized with aluminium trichloride or titanium trichloride ball-milled with aluminium trichloride. The organoaluminium compound used in the first step may be an aluminium trialkyl in which the alkyl groups have 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and that in the second step may be a compound having the formula AlR3, R1R2AlX or RAlY1Y2 where R is an alkyl group; R1 and R2 are hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl groups; X is hydrogen or a halogen, alkoxy or aryloxy group, or the residue of a secondary amine, amide, mercaptan, thiophenol, carboxylic acid or sulphonic acid, and Y1 and Y2 are halogen, alkoxy or aryloxy groups.  The diluents for carrying out the polymerization (and/or catalyst treatment) can be the normally saturated hydrocarbons, cycloaliphatics and substituted cycloaliphatics and aromatic hydrocarbons. Alternatively, the polymerization may be carried out in the liquid monomer as solvent. In the examples, polyethylene and isotactic polypropylene are produced.  Specifications 856,644, 877,050 and 878,373 are referred to.ALSO:A catalyst for the polymerization of a -olefines is obtained by treating a reduced transition metal halide in a first step with an organoaluminium compound in a diluent at a temperature of from 50-70 DEG C., maintaining the mixture at a temperature of from 50-70  DEG C. for at least three minutes and then adding in a second step an organoaluminium compound which may be the same or different from that added in the first step, in an amount to bring the aluminium:transition metal atomic ratio into the range 1:1 to 5:1, the organoaluminium compound added in the first step forming at least 20% of the total organoaluminium compound or compounds added.  The reduced transition metal halide is preferably a preformed titanium trichloride, e.g. titanium trichloride prepared by hydrogen reduction of the tetrachloride, titanium trichloride co-crystallized with aluminium trichloride or titanium trichloride ball milled with aluminium trichloride.  The organoaluminium compound used in the first step may be an aluminium trialkyl in which the alkyl groups have 1-10 carbon atoms, and that in the second step may be a compound having the formula AlR3, R1R2AlX or RALY1Y2 where R is an alkyl group; R1 and R2 are hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl groups; X is hydrogen or a halogen, alkoxy or aryloxy group, or the residue of a secondary amine, amide, mercaptan, thiophenol, carboxylic acid or sulphonic acid and Y1 and Y2 are halogen, alkoxy or aryloxy groups.  The diluents for the catalyst treatment may be the normally saturated hydrocarbons, cycloaliphatics and aromatic hydrocarbons. Specifications 856,644, 877,050 and 878,373 are referred to.