Patent GB-1044091-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to circuit arrangements for restoring the missing sideband portion of a partially single-sideband electrical signal
IPC: H04N11/14
Filed: 1964-01-08
Abstract: 1,044,091. Colour television. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. Jan. 8, 1964 [Jan.11, 1963]. No. 887/64. Headings H3Q and H4F. In a single-sideband transmission system, the messing sideband is restored at the receiver before demodulation by heterodyning the received single-side band signal with an oscillation of twice the carrier frequency and adding the resultant difference-frequency signals to the received signals. The system may be extended to convert received vestigial-sideband signals into double-sideband signals and finds particular application in the reception of colour-television signals transmitted according to the N.T.S.C. system. Basically, received signals E 2 , Fig. 1, are applied to a mixer 1 where they are heterodyned with oscillations of twice carrier frequency derived by a narrow-band filter 4 tuned to the carrier frequency and a frequency doubler 5. Signals corresponding to the messing sideband are generated in the mixer and combined with directly transmitted signals to produce a double-sideband signal E 01  at the output, unwanted results of the mixing being eliminated by a filter 7 and the direct and conversion gains of the mixer 1 being chosen to give equal amplitudes for the two sidebands. If, however, the received signal includes a vestigial sideband, this will be added to the full sideband reconstituted by the mixer 1 and the sideband reconstituted therefrom will be added to the original full sideband, causing the resulting signal to be of excessive amplitude over the lower-frequency sideband portions. In this event the further circuitry shown in Fig. 1 is required. Bandpass filter 2 extracts that portion of the receiver signal Ei which is effectively a double-sideband signal, i.e. the vestigial sideband, carrier and as much of the full sideband as corresponds with the vestigial one. This is heterodyned in mixer 3, with an oscillation of twice carrier frequency of opposite phase from that applied to mixer 1. Thus a further signal E 03  consisting of the lowerfrequency portions of the sidebands is developed in a phase opposite to E 01  so that, provided the relative amplitudes of the signals are correctly chosen, they may be added to give rise to a double sideband signal E 0t  in which the lowerfrequency portions of the sidebands are not emphasized at the expense of the higher-frequency portions. In the N.T.S.C. colour television system the modulation applied for transmission according to vestigial-sideband techniques upon a radiofrequency carrier itself comprises a sub-carrier double-sideband modulated by a narrow-band Q component and vestigial-sideband modulated by a wider-band I component in quadrature with the Q-component modulation. Hence after demodulation of the received radio-frequency transmission converted to double-sideband modulation by the circuit of Fig. 1, further conversion of the I-component modulation to double-sideband is desirable. In the circuit of Fig. 5 the luminance component of the demodulated signal is applied through amplifier 10 to the cathodes of a three-gun tube 11. The chrominance component, extracted by filter 12 is applied to a circuit operating similarly to the circuit of Fig. 1 and comprising mixers 1, 3 having equivalent functions to the mixers 1, 3 of Fig. 1 so that there is produced at the output of filter 7 a double-sideband chrominance signal having both I and Q components in correct phase and amplitude. In this circuit the double-carrier-frequency oscillation from circuit 5 is generated in an oscillator 16 which is synchronized by a comparison of the carrierfrequency output thereof with the reference oscillation derived in circuit 14 from the back porch of the line synchronizing pulses by means of gating pulses 15. Phase detector 15<SP>1</SP> produces a control voltage to maintain oscillator 16 in synchronism with the oscillation bursts carried on the back porch. Oscillations of subcarrier frequency from oscillator 16 are applied in appropriate phase to synchronous detectors 18, 19 to derive respective outputs R - Y, B - Y which applied to circuit 23 develops output G - Y, these three outputs being applied to respective control grids of the colour tube 11. A delay line 13 is introduced between filter 12 and mixer 1 to compensate for delay introduced by filter 2. In an alternative form of circuit employing a single-gun tube such as a chromatron or Lawrence tube, the output from filter 7 is applied to an elliptical amplifier which so modifies the signal that when suitably compounded with the luminance component it becomes equivalent to a dot-sequential signal suitable for use in a single-gun tube, Fig. 7 (not shown). In a modified version of this circuit, Fig. 8 (not shown), the mixing in mixers 1 and 3 is done with local oscillations containing a subcarrier-frequency component as well as a double-frequency component and the amplitudes and phases are so chosen that an effect equivalent to elliptical amplification is obtained before the filter 7, the output from which after being compounded with the luminance signal is thus a dot-sequential signal which may be applied directly to a single-gun tube.