Patent GB-190712215-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to a Method of and Apparatus for Treating Textile Fibres.
Inventor: CAMPBELL ROBERT GILMORE
Filed: 1907-05-27
Granted: 1908-04-16
Abstract: 12,215. Campbell, R. G. May 27. Bleaching; dyeing; washing.-Warp is bleached, boiled, mercerized, washed, &c. or, more particularly, dyed, by conducting it in strands, continuously and under uniform tension, from beams, rolls, or spools, successively through two or more vats arranged side by side, exposing it to the atmosphere after leaving each vat, and, finally, winding it on other beams, rolls, or spools. Preferably the warp is treated in a set of four strands 12. These are run from four beams 2, Fig. 1, over rollers 7 and through guide-fingers 11 into a vat 6 in alinement with the beams 2. Sets of guide-sheaves 8, a separate sheave in each for each strand, are arranged in the vat, preferably in different horizontal and vertical planes to prevent interference of the warp. The warp passes to and fro in the vat and then through squeeze-rolls 13, adjustable as to pressure and mounted near the inner end of the vat 6. The rolls may be of hard wood or metal, and the upper roll 15 is preferably covered with suitable material, for example rubber, cloth. On leaving the rolls 13, the warp 12 travels over sheaves 30, 31 above the first-mentioned rollers 7 and is exposed to the atmosphere, so as to oxidize the dye on its way to the outer end of a vat 6<1>, Fig. 3<b>, beside the first vat, wherein it travels as before. The rolls 13, 13<1> of both vats 6, 6<1> are driven synchronously by one shaft 25 extending across both vats. The warp is thus drawn by both pairs of rolls and kept under the same tension in both vats. From the second rolls 13<1>, the strands are carried over sheaves 31, 60, with a second exposure to the atmosphere on the way, to warp-winding machines 32, 32<1> in alinement with the second vat 6<1>, where the strands are wound each on a separate beam, of which there is a pair 33, 34 on each machine. Each beam 33, 34 is prevented from moving laterally from supporting-standards 38 of T-section, by the engagement with its axle of extensions 40 on loosely mounted clamps 39 which move vertically on the standards by means of T-shaped slots 42, Fig. 3<a>. The beams are supported and revolved by friction rolls 43, 43 of suitable diameter to maintain the tension of the warp and driven through gearing from the main. shaft 25. The strand is guided on to the beams by means of a traverse or carriage 48, Fig. 4, mounted on a traversing shaft 44 driven from the main shaft 25, and having opposite spiral grooves 44<1> which engage the oppositely extending ends 56 of a spanner 55 attached to the carriage. Turning of the carriage is prevented by the fork 58 of a downwardly-extending arm 57 engaging with a transverse rod 59. The carriage 48 has a vertical arm 49 on opposite sides of which are pairs of guide-rolls 50, between the members of which the warp travels. A loop 51 prevents the warp from leaving the rolls. The warp then passes over guide-sheaves 52 at right-angles to the rolls 50 and through guide-fingers 54. If a deeper shade of colour is required than can be produced in two vats, further vats may be employed.