Patent GB-716232-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the finishing of textile materials
Inventor: EVANS JOHN GWYNANT
IPC: D06Q1/08
Filed: 1950-03-10
Abstract: Mechanically produced effects or finishes, e.g. pressing, calendering, schreinering, embossing, beetling, rippling, pleating, moire and cire finishes and mechanically enforced shrinking or stretching such as is produced by the machines described in Specifications 359,759 and 372,803, [both in Group VIII], on woven, knitted or felted fabrics or crimping and polishing effects on yarns, said fabrics or yarns containing fibres of natural or regenerated cellulose, cellulose esters or ethers or natural silk, are rendered more resistant to aqueous treatment by first applying a reaction product of an alkali metal bisulphite with a mono- or poly-functional organic isocyanate or isothiocyanate, then applying the mechanical finish and finally heating at a temperature at least as high as the decomposition temperature of the reaction product, e.g. at 100 DEG -200 DEG C.  The reaction product may be applied in aqueous solution or dispersion or, alternatively, the reaction product may be formed in situ on the material by either applying, in any order, an aqueous solution of the bisulphite and an organic solvent solution of the p isocyanate or isothiocyanate, or by applying an emulsion of the isocyanate in an aqueous bisulphite solution.  The mechanical finishing treatment and the heat treatment may be effected simultaneously and heating may be effected with hot air, infra-red radiation, molten metal or steam.  Local or pattern effects may be obtained by printing the reaction product on the material, or alternatively, by the pre-application of resists or by the subsequent application of a discharge paste prior to the heat treatment.  Dyes may be added to the reaction product solution, or alternatively, may be applied to the textile material after the mechanical finish or after heating.  An enhanced effect is obtained if an amide, amidine, or aminotriazine, e.g. urea, thiourea, acetamide, benzene sulphonamide, p-toluene sulphonamide, dicyandiamide, guanidine, amino guanidine and melamine, is present during the heating step. Softening and lubricating agents, antiseptics and anti-crease agents, e.g. thermo-setting resinous condensates, may be applied to fabrics before, after or simultaneously with the reaction product.  Reaction products of bisulphites with both aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates and isothiocyanates may be employed, the specified reaction products being those specified in Specification 716,233.  Numerous examples are given.  Specifications 696,030 and 716,236, [Group IV (c)], also are referred to.  The second Provisional Specification also states that in the case of applying a mechanically enforced shrinking finish, treatment with the reaction product may follow the application of the mechanical finish.ALSO:Mechanically produced effects or finishes, e.g. pressing, calendering, schreinering, embossing, beetling, rippling, pleating, moire and cire finishes and mechanically enforced shrinking or stretching such as is produced by the machines described in Specifications 359,759 and 372,803, [both in Group VIII], on woven, knitted or felted fabrics or crimping and polishing effects on yarns, said fabrics or yarns containing fibres of natural or regenerated cellulose, cellulose esters or ethers or natural silk, are rendered more resistant to aqueous treatment by first applying a reaction product of an alkali metal bisulphite with a mono- or poly-functional organic isocyanate or isothiocyanate, then applying the mechanical finish and finally heating at a temperature at least as high as the decomposition temperature of the reaction product, e.g., at 100 DEG -200 DEG C.  The reaction product may be applied in aqueous solution or dispersion or, alternatively, the reaction product may be formed in situ on the material by either applying, in any order, an aqueous solution of the bisulphite and an organic solvent solution of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate, or by applying an emulsion of the isocyanate in an aqueous bisulphite solution. The mechanical finishing treatment and the heat treatment may be effected simultaneously and heating may be effected with hot air, infra-red radiation, molten metal or steam.  Local or pattern effects may be obtained by printing the reaction product on the material, or alternatively by the pre application of resists or by the subsequent application of a discharge paste prior to the heat treatment.  Dyes may be added to the reaction product solution, or alternatively, may be applied to the textile material after the mechanical finish or after heating.  An enhanced effect is obtained if an amide, amidine or aminotriazine, e.g., urea, thiourea, acetamide, benzene sulphonamide, p. toluene sulphonamide, dicyandiamide, guanidine, amino guanidine and melamine, is present during the heating step.  Softening and lubricating agents, antiseptics and anti-crease agents, e.g., thermosetting resinous condensates, may be applied to fabrics before, after or simultaneously with the reaction product. Reaction products of bisulphites with both aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates and isothiocyanates may be employed, the specified reaction products being those specified in Specification 716,233. Numerous examples are given.  Specifications 696,030 and 716,236 also are referred to.  The second Provisional Specification also states that in the case of applying a mechanically enforced shrinking finish, treatment with the reaction product may follow the application of the mechanical finish.