Patent GB-877235-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of aqueous pigment preparations containing water-insoluble hardenable resins
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1958-04-08
Abstract: Stable aqueous pigment preparations are prepared by (1) homogeneously mixing an emulsifying agent, which is an alkylene oxide condensation product of a water-insoluble organic compound containing at least one reactive hydrogen atom, with a kneadable paste containing as continuous phase at least one hardenable waterinsoluble etherified methylol derivative of an aminoplast-forming compound which may be dissolved in a water-insoluble solvent and in which there is dispersed at least one organic pigment or carbon black, and (2) adding water to give an oil-in-water emulsion, the amount of emulsifying agent being 6%-20% by weight of the finished aqueous pigment preparation. Methylol compounds specified are those of thiourea, guanidine, dicyandiamide, biuret, benzoguanamine, acetoguanamine, formoguanamine and especially urea and melamine, which have been etherified with alcohols containing 3-7 carbon atoms possessing at least limited miscibility with water, for example, propanol, allyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol and especially n-butanol. The etherifying alcohol may be used as the solvent for the etherified methylol compound, but is preferably replaced by a water immiscible solvent, for example, 2-ethyl hexanol, n-octanol, amylacetate, carbon tetrachloride, mono-chlorobenzene, toluene, tetrahydro- or decahydronaphthalene, abietyl alcohol, white spirit, petroleum fractions, benzine and especially xylene.  The etherified methylol compounds may also contain residues of carboxylic acids containing more than eight carbon atoms, for example, pelargonic, lauric, myristic, oleic, stearic and soya bean fatty acid, in which case the etherifying alcohol may be methyl alcohol.  The emulsifying agents may be the reaction products of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide with higher fatty acids or their amides, or with amines such as oleylamine, and especially the reaction products of 10-50 mols ethylene oxide with 1 mol of a high molecular weight alcohol or an alkyl phenol, for example, hydroabietyl alcohol, p-tert.-amyl-phenol, thymol, isohexyl-phenol, tert.-octyl-phenol, p-nonyl-phenol, iso-octyl-resorcinol, 2 : 6-di-tert.-butyl-p-cresol, dodecyl-phenol and octadecyl-phenol. Pigments specified include vat and azo dyestuffs, phthalocyanines and gas black; many are illustrated in the numerous examples.  To increase the kneading consistency of the paste, a thermoplastic polymer free from carboxyl groups may be employed, for example, a polymer of vinylacetate, vinyl chloride, a vinylidene halide, styrene, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, isobutylene or butadiene or a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride.  Further additives include plasticizers such as tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl or dioctyl phthalate and polyesters of glycol and adipic acid.  In the examples, the aqueous pigment preparations are used in conjunction with (1) a latex of a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer for dyeing textiles; (2) an aqueous petroleum emulsion containing a polymer latex for printing textiles; (3) a multi-phase oil-in-water emulsion containing an n-butanol etherified melamine-formaldehyde condensate, dioctyl phthalate, a copolymer of viny chloride and vinyl acetate, petroleum hydrocarbons, an aqueous solution of the reaction product of diphenyl-methane-4 : 41-di-isocyanate with the addition product of ethylene oxide with hydroabietyl alcohol, and ammonium thiocyanate to give a printing paste and (4) a multi-phase system containing a neutralized and boiled solution of tragacanth, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and butyl acrylate, an n-butanol etherified melamine-formaldehyde condensate dissolved in n-butanol, dioctyl phthalate, the reaction product of hexamethylene-1 : 6-diisocyanate and the addition product of ethylene oxide and hydroabietyl alcohol and an ammonium nitrate solution to give a dyeing liquor.  Specification 870,460 is referred to.ALSO:Stable aqueous pigment preparations, especially useful for making up pigment liquors for pad dyeing and for the preparation of textile printing pastes, are prepared by (1) homogeneously mixing an emulsifying agent, which is an alkylene oxide condensation product of a water-insoluble organic compound containing at least one reactive hydrogen atom, with a kneadable paste containing as continuous phase at least one hardenable water-insoluble etherified methylol derivative of an aminoplast-forming compound dissolved in an organic solvent and in which there is dispersed at least one organic pigment or carbon black, and (2) adding water to give an oil-in-water emulsion, the amount of emulsifying agent being 6 to 20% by weight of the finished aqueous pigment preparation.  Methylol compounds specified are those of thiourea, guanidine, dicyandiamide, biuret, benzoguanamine, acetoguanamine, formoguanamine and especially urea and melamine, which have been etherified with alcohols containing 3-7 carbon atoms possessing at least limited miscibility with water, for example propanol, allyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol and especially n-butanol.  The etherifying alcohol may be used as the solvent for the etherified methylol compound, but is preferably replaced by a water-immiscible solvent, for example, 2-ethyl hexanol, n-octanol, amyl acetate, carbon tetrachloride, monochlorobenzene, toluene, tetrahydro- or decahydronaphthalene, abietyl alcohol, white spirit, petroleum fractions, benzine and especially xylene.  The etherified methylol compound may also contain residues of carboxylic acids containing more than eight carbon atoms, for example, pelargonic, lauric, myristic, oleic, stearic and soya bean fatty acid, in which case the etherifying alcohol may be methyl alcohol.  The emulsifying agents may be the reaction products of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide with higher fatty acids or their amides, or with amines such as oleylamine, and especially the reaction products of 10-50 moles ethylene oxide with 1 mole of a high molecular weight alcohol or an alkyl phenol, for example, hydroabietyl alcohol, p-tert.-amylphenol, thymol, isohexyl-phenol, tert.-octylphenol, p-nonyl-phenol, iso-octyl-resorcinol, 2 : 6-di-tert.-butyl-p-cresol, dodecyl-phenol and octadecyl-phenol.  Pigments specified include vat and azo dyestuffs, phthalocyanines and gas black; many are specified in the numerous examples.  To increase the kneading consistency of the paste, a thermoplastic polymer free from carboxyl groups may be employed, for example a polymer of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, a vinylidene halide, styrene, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, isobutylene or butadiene or a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride. Further additives include plasticisers such as tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl or dioctyl phthalate and polyesters of glycol and adipic acid.  In the examples, the aqueous pigment preparations are used in conjunction with (1) a latex of a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer for dyeing textiles, (2) aqueous petroleum emulsions containing a polymer latex for printing textiles, (3) a multi-phase oil-in-water emulsion containing an n-butanol etherified melamineformaldehyde condensate, dioctyl phthalate, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, petroleum hydrocarbons, an aqueous solution of the reaction product of diphenyl-methane-4 : 41-diisocyanate with the addition product of ethylene oxide and hydroabietyl alcohol, and ammonium thiocyanate to give a printing paste which can be applied to a fabric of natural or synthetic fibres by roller or stencil printing, and (4) a multi-phase system containing a neutralized and boiled solution of tragacanth, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and butyl acrylate, an nbutanol etherified melamine-formaldehyde condensate dissolved in n-butanol, dioctyl phthalate, the reaction product of hexamethylene-1 : 6-diisocyanate and the addition product of ethylene oxide and hydroabietyl alcohol, and an ammonium nitrate solution to give a dyeing liquor. Specification 870,460 is referred to.