Patent EA-002779-B1 (EA)
Title: Artificial island, offshore structure for an artificial island and method for building an artificial island
IPC: E21B15/02
Filed: 2000-08-16
Abstract: 1. An artificial island, comprising a support rising above the sea level, characterized in that in that said artificial island is provided with a dome, the support being made in the form of a ring yielding an internal bay which is coupled with an open sea by at least one navigable canal capable of being blocked, and the dome being mounted on the support above the internal bay. 2. The artificial island according to claim 1, characterized in that the dome forms a grotto above the internal bay. 3. The artificial island according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dome is made in the form of a tower. 4. The artificial island according to claim 3, characterized in that the tower is made stepped conical. 5. The artificial island according to claim 3, characterized in that the tower is made cylindrical. 6. The artificial island according to any of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the upper part of the tower is made of glass. 7. The artificial island according to any of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the tower is made with levels in the internal grotto space yielding three levels for placing an equipment. 8. The artificial island according to claim 7, in that the levels of the internal grotto space are made with the central hole. 9. The artificial island according to any of claims 2 to 8, in that the internal grotto space is intended for placing a drilling equipment, and/or an oil/gas producing equipment, and/or an oil/gas refining equipment, and/or a power-generating unit. 10. The artificial island according to any of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that production areas and/or living rooms are placed in the tower along its side generating line. 11. The artificial island according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said artificial island is provided with gates for blocking the navigable canals. 12. The artificial island according to claim 11, characterized in that the gates of navigable canals are made of the stop log type. 13. The artificial island according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said artificial island is made according to a type of the landscape of a mountain volcanic island covered with vegetation. 14. The artificial island according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said artificial island is provided with at least one peripheral artificial island formation. 15. The artificial island according to claim 14, characterized in that the peripheral artificial island formation is made in the form of pontoons which are installed in the form of beams diverging from the center of the artificial island. 16. The artificial island according to claim 15, characterized in that said artificial island is provided with floating piles, the peripheral artificial island formation being fixed in its node points to said floating piles. 17. The artificial island according to claim 14, characterized in that the peripheral artificial island formation is made in the form of partitions from main pontoons having canals, additional pontoons, limiting barriers, stop log type gates, and small artificial islands, the additional pontoons being installed along the external perimeter of the banking ring, the partitions being installed in the form of beams diverging from the additional pontoons and coupled by canals with the internal bay for passing ships from said internal bay to an open sea; partition sides facing away from said pontoons are blocked by stop log type gates and coupled by means of the limiting barrier made of a chain of additional pontoons and banked with earth at the exterior; sectors limited by the external perimeter of the banking ring, by the partitions at each side, and by the limiting barrier at the exterior, forming water areas, and the small artificial island being made of an irregular form from the additional pontoons and hydraulically deposited earth and erected in said water areas. 18. The artificial island according to any of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the additional pontoons are made in a hexagonal form. 19. The artificial island according to any of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the additional pontoons are made of ferroconcrete. 20. The artificial island according to any of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the peripheral artificial island formations are intended for building a sea dendropark consisting of basin technological complexes for industrial reproduction of marine flora and fauna, and sports, tourist and recreation complexes. 21. An artificial island support comprising an outlining envelope installed onto the sea bottom and rising about the sea level, and support piles, characterized in that the artificial island support is provided with floating piles, the outlining envelope is made so as to be capable of forming an internal bay from main pontoons disposed along the ring in the form of diverging beams, sides of those main pontoons facing the internal bay are coupled by means of a banking ring, the support piles are driven down along the internal perimeter of the banking ring to hard carrier rocks of the sea bottom, and the floating piles are driven down along the external perimeter of the banking ring and coupled with their corresponding main pontoons. 22. The support according to claim 21, characterized in that the outlining envelop is made with at least one navigable canal which is capable of being blocked from an open sea. 23. The support according to claim 22, characterized in that said support is provided with gates for blocking the navigable canals. 24. The support according to claim 23, characterized in that the gates for blocking the navigable canals are of the stop log type. 25. The support according to any of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the main pontoons are made in a rectangular form. 26. The support according to any of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the main pontoons are made of ferroconcrete. 27. The support according to any of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that the main pontoons are made with internal compartments for filling them with an earth excavated during a sea bottom leveling. 28. The support according to any of claims 21 to 27, characterized in that the banking ring is made of earth hydraulically deposited concentrically from the internal border of said ring to its external border, the earth height exceeding the top level of the main pontoons. 29. The support according to any of claims 21 to 28, characterized in that the banking ring, excluding places intended for the navigable canals, is strengthened with large-fragmental rocks delivered from continental deposits. 30. The support according to any of claims 21 to 29, characterized in that the banking ring, excluding places intended for the navigable canals, is strengthened at the interior with a support wall made of ferroconcrete plates. 31. A method for building an artificial island on a sea shelf, said method including steps of installing an outlining envelop rising above the sea level, and driving down supporting piles, characterized in that a step of leveling the sea bottom in the position of the artificial island building is performed, the outlining envelop being made yielding an internal bay by means of installing main pontoons disposed along the ring in the form of diverging beams, sides of said pontoons facing the internal bay being coupled by means of a banking ring, along which external perimeter opposite to the main pontoons floating piles are driven down and fixed to said pontoons, the supporting piles are driven down to hard carrier rocks of the sea bottom along the internal perimeter of the banking ring excluding positions intended for navigable canals with the blocking ability, then a step of forming at least one navigable canal with the blocking ability for coupling the internal bay with an open sea is performed, and thereafter a step of erecting a dome on the support piles above the internal bay is performed. 32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that the main pontoons are made in a rectangular form. 33. The method according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that the main pontoons are made of ferroconcrete. 34. The method according to any of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that the main pontoons are made with internal compartments, said main pontoons being transported by water to an installation place, and then sunk by filling their internal compartments with an earth excavated earlier during the step of leveling the sea bottom. 35. The method according to any of claims 31 to 34, characterized in that the banking ring is made by depositing hydraulically an earth concentrically from the internal border of said ring to its external border with a height exceeding the top level of the main pontoons. 36. The method according to any of claims 31 to 35, characterized in that the banking ring, excluding places intended for the navigable canals, is strengthened with large-fragmental rocks delivered from continental deposits. 37. The method according to any of claims 31 to 36, characterized in that the banking ring, excluding places intended for the navigable canals, is strengthened at the interior with a support wall made of ferroconcrete plates. 38. The method according to any of claims 31 to 37, characterized in that after the step of installing the outlining envelop, at least one peripheral artificial island formation is made at the exterior of said outlining envelop. 39. The method according to claim 38, characterized in that the peripheral artificial island formation is made in the form of additional pontoons installed in the form of separate beams diverging from the artificial island center, the peripheral artificial island formation being fixed in its node points to additional floating piles. 40. The method according to claim 38, characterized in that the peripheral artificial island formation is made in the form of additional pontoons, partitions with canals, limiting barrier, stop lo