baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent UA-122925-C2 (UA)
Title: ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ 7-ПІПЕРАЗИН-1-ІЛ[1,3]ОКСАЗОЛО[4,5-d]ПІРИМІДИНІВ ЯК АНТИРАКОВИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ
Filed: 2018-12-11
Abstract: Винахід належить до області одержання фармацевтичних препаратів. Предметом його є 7-піперазинзаміщені похідні [1,3]оксазоло[4,5-d]піримідину загальної формули (А), які можуть бути використані як протиракові засоби . Показано in vitro, що 7-піперазинзаміщені [1,3]оксазоло[4,5-d]піримідини (А) проявляють антиракову активність з параметрами GI50, TGI та LC50 в мікромолярному діапазоні.
Patent UA-127381-C2 (UA)
Title: Cold rolled steel sheet and a method of manufacturing thereof
Inventor: PIPARD JEAN-MARC
Filed: 2018-11-05
Abstract: A cold rolled heat treated steel sheet having a composition comprising of the following elements, expressed in percentage by weight 0.1 % 0Carbon C 0.5 %, 1 % Manganese M 3.4 %, 0.5 % Silicon S 2.5 %, 0.03 % Aluminum A 1.5 %, 0 % Sulfur S 0.003 %, 0.002 % 0 Phosphorus P 0.02 %, 0 % Nitrogen N 0.01 % and can contain one or more of the following optional elements 0.05 % 0 Chromium C 1 %, 0.001 % Molybdenum M 0.5 %, 0.001 % Niobium N 0.1 %, 0.001 % Titanium T 0.1 %, 0.01 % Copper C 2 %, 0.01 % % Nickel N 3 %, 0.0001 % Calcium C 0.005 %, 0 % Vanadium V 0.1 %, 0 % Boron 0.003 %, 0 % CeriumC 0.1 %, 0 % 0 Magnesium M 0.010 %, 0 % 0 Zirconium Z 0.010 %, the remainder composition being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing, the microstructure of said steel sheet comprising in area fraction, 10 to 30 % Residual Austenite, 50 to 85 % Bainite, 1 to 20 % Quenched Martensite, and less than 30 % Tempered Martensite.
Patent UA-125920-C2 (UA)
Title: Нонапептид з інтраназальним шляхом застосування, що виявляє ноотропну, антидепресантну та актопротекторну дію
Filed: 2020-11-30
Abstract: Винахід належить до фармації і медицини та стосується нонапептиду формули H-L-Ile-L-Asn-L-Leu-L-Nle-L-Ser-L-Arg-L-Asn-L-Arg-L-Tyr-NH2 (L-ізолейцил-L-аспаргіл-L-лейцил-L-норлейцил-L-серинил-L-аргініл-L-аспаргіл-L-аргініл-L-тирозинамід; L-isoleucyl-L-asparagyl-L-leucyl-L-norleucyl-L-seryl-L-arginyl-L-asparagyl-L-arginyl-L-tyrosinamide), що виявляє ноотропну, антидепресантну та актопротекторну дію.
Patent UA-126887-C2 (UA)
Title: Пристрій для фізіотерапії, фізіореабілітації та фізіопрофілактики пацієнтів
Filed: 2022-08-08
Abstract: Винахід належить до медичної техніки й може бути використаний для фізіореабілітації та фізіотерапії, фізіопрофілактики й лікування і призначений для комплексного лікування низки захворювань. Пристрій для фізіотерапії, фізіореабілітації та фізіопрофілактики містить блок керування 16, генераторний модуль УВЧ-діапазону 4, з'єднаний з антеною УВЧ-діапазону 1, генераторний модуль НВЧ-діапазону 5, з'єднаний з антеною НВЧ-діапазону 2, генераторний модуль НДВЧ-діапазону 6, з'єднаний з антеною НДВЧ-діапазону 3. Блок 10 створення пилкоподібної напруги з частотою 100 Гц для забезпечення частотної модуляції з'єднаний з генераторними модулями 4, 5, 6. Мікропроцесорний блок 7 з'єднаний з генераторним модулем УВЧ-діапазону 4 і формує амплітудну модуляцію випромінювання УВЧ-діапазону. Блок 7 з'єднаний також з модулем індикації 14. Мікропроцесорний блок 8 з'єднаний з генераторним модулем НВЧ-діапазону 5 і формує амплітудну модуляцію випромінювання НВЧ-діапазону. Блок 8 з'єднаний також з модулем індикації 14. Мікропроцесорний блок 9 з'єднаний з генераторним модулем НДВЧ-діапазону 6 і формує амплітудну модуляцію випромінювання НДВЧ-діапазону. Блок 9 з'єднаний також з модулем індикації 14. Блок 11 регулювання інтенсивності УВЧ-випромінювання з'єднаний з генераторним модулем УВЧ-діапазону 4 та з модулем індикації 14. Блок 12 регулювання інтенсивності НВЧ-випромінювання з'єднаний з генераторним модулем НВЧ-діапазону 5 та з модулем індикації 14. Блок 13 регулювання інтенсивності НДВЧ-випромінювання з'єднаний з генераторним модулем НДВЧ-діапазону 6 та з модулем індикації 14. Блок живлення 15 з'єднаний з мікропроцесорними блоками 7, 8, 9, блоком створення пилкоподібної напруги 10 та через перемикачі 17, 18, 19 з'єднаний з генераторними модулями 4, 5, 6.
Patent UA-80957-C2 (UA)
Title: Method of administering a thymosin alpha 1 peptide
IPC: A61P37/04
Filed: 2002-11-01
Abstract: A Thymosin alpha 1 (TA1) peptide is administered to a patient in need of immune stimulation so as to substantially continuously maintain an immune stimulating-effective amount of the TA1 peptide in the patient. The administration method may be by continuous infusion.
Patent UA-84395-C2 (UA)
Title: Cooled gas turbine engine vane
Inventor: TEXIER CHRISTOPHE
IPC: F01D9/02
Filed: 2004-08-11
Abstract: A cooled gas turbine vane of the invention comprises a cast part and a longitudinal sleeve obtained by shaping metal sheet; the cast part comprises a longitudinal body provided with a longitudinal cavity having a first opening and a second opening at the ends; the sleeve is mounted in the cavity by being firmly affixed to the wall of the first opening, and one end part of which being free to slide in the second opening forming a guide. Said end part comprises a part having constricted dimensions relative to the transverse dimensions of the guide.
Patent DD-282557-C4 (DD)
Inventor: FUHRER JACK S
IPC: H04N7/00
Filed: 1988-09-14
Abstract: An NTSC compatible, single channel widescreen EDTV system encodes and decodes a television signal comprising (1) a main, standard format NTSC signal with auxiliary low frequency side panel image information compressed into an overscan region thereof; (2) auxiliary high frequency side panel image information; and (3) auxiliary high frequency horizontal luminance information. At an encoder, components 2 and 3 are intraframe averaged before modulating an alternate subcarrier. Component 1 is intraframe averaged above a given frequency before being combined with the modulated alternate subcarrier.
Patent DE-10118477-C5 (DE)
Title: Verfahren zum Bestimmen von Geschwindigkeit und Beschleunigung eines Motors, Verfahren zum Parametrieren einer Beschleunigungs/Verzögerungskurve eines Motors, Verfahren zum Durchführen einer Beschleunigungs/Verzögerungssteuerung eines Motors, Beschleunigungs/Verzögerungssteuervorrichtung und Motorsteuervorrichtung
Inventor: MIYAZAWA HIROSHI
IPC: B25J9/16
Filed: 2001-04-12
Granted: 2009-07-30
Abstract: Verfahren zum Bestimmen von Geschwindigkeit und Beschleunigung eines Motors zum Parametrieren einer vorbestimmten Beschleunigungs-/Verzögerungskurve des Motors bei einer Beschleunigungs-/Verzögerungssteuerung mit stetiger Änderung der Beschleunigung, in dem Fall, wo ein Soll-Ausmaß der Motorbewegung kleiner als ein minimales Ausmaß der Motorbewegung ist, das erforderlich ist, damit die Bewegung des Motors eine vorgegebene Maximalgeschwindigkeit und eine vorgegebene Maximalbeschleunigung erreichen kann,  dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren einen Schritt des Bestimmens einer Maximalgeschwindigkeit und einer Maximalbeschleunigung durch Auswählen und Durchführen eines von zwei Prozessen entsprechend dem Soll-Ausmaß der Motorbewegung umfaßt, wobei  ein erster der zwei Prozesse enthält: Neubestimmen einer Maximalgeschwindigkeit zum Durchführen einer angewiesenen Beschleunigungssteuerung entsprechend dem Soll-Ausmaß der Motorbewegung, wobei die vorgegebene Maximalbeschleunigung als eine Maximalbeschleunigung für diese Steuerung verwendet wird;  der zweite der zwei Prozesse enthält: Bestimmen einer Maximalgeschwindigkeit und einer Maximalbeschleunigung zum Durchführen einer angewiesenen Beschleunigungsdifferentialsteuerung entsprechend dem Soll-Ausmaß der Motorbewegung, um einen Maximalbetrag des Beschleunigungsdifferentialwertes, der eine Ableitung...
Patent DE-102005058048-C5 (DE)
Inventor: WILDEBOER WERNER
IPC: F24F13/06
Filed: 2005-12-06
Granted: 2019-12-05
Abstract: The component has a foot (14) at each end and is disposed along a rectangular passage opening such that a lamella (12) extends along the passage opening in a diagonal manner. The arrangement angle of the lamella is variable. Each foot includes a flexible front wall (18) provided on the outer surface with a catch cam (24) and at the edge with an outwardly protruding flange (20) for clamping an edge of the passage opening.
Patent RU-2353923-C9 (RU)
Inventor: KORNILOV VLADIMIR ALEKSANDROVICH
IPC: G01N25/72
Filed: 2007-07-02
Granted: 2009-08-10
Abstract: FIELD: physics. 
     SUBSTANCE: device is arranged from two neighboring assemblies, in every of which sensitive element on insulating substrate is installed inside corresponding assembly body; mentioned bodies are arranged in the form of rectilinear right-angle prism and/or circular straight cylinder; for every assembly one base of body is arranged with maximum high coefficient of heat radiation (ε 1   max >0.5 and ε 2   max >0.5), and the other base and side surface of body for every assembly are arranged with minimum coefficient of heat radiation (ε 1   min <0.5 and ε 2   min <0.5); at that base of the first assembly body with ε 1   max  is installed parallel to surface of controlled section of spacecraft and is directed to the side opposite to it, and base of the second assembly body with ε 2   max  is installed parallel to surface of controlled section of spacecraft and is directed towards it. 
     EFFECT: simplification of design and increased reliability of measurements. 
     4 dwg
Patent RU-2640414-C9 (RU)
Inventor: ZNOJKO SERAFIMA ANDREEVNA
IPC: C07F15/06
Filed: 2017-03-13
Granted: 2018-03-22
Abstract: Изобретение относится к гомогенному катализатору на основе тетра-4-(4'-карбоксифенилсульфанил)тетра-5-нитрофталоцианина кобальта(II) тетранатриевой соли формулы 
     
       
     
     Изобретение позволяет получить соединение, имеющее высокую каталитическую активность при окислении диэтилдитиокарбамата натрия. 4 ил., 1 табл., 2 пр.
Patent DK-145989-D0 (DK)
Inventor: WOHLLEBEN WOLFGANG
IPC: C12N15/10
Filed: 1989-03-22
Abstract: DNA segments from mutants can be obtained very straightforwardly by isolating from the strain to be mutated the total DNA, cleaving the latter into small fragments and integrating into a temperature- sensitive plasmid with another selection marker which is selectable in E. coli, transforming the hybrid plasmid population obtained in this way into the starting strain, selecting the transformants by selection for the marker, eliminating the hybrid plasmids by raising the temperature above the threshold of the temperature-sensitive plasmid, and selecting the mutants by renewed selection for the marker. Construction of a cosmid gene bank with the DNA of these mutants results, by selection for the marker which has been introduced and is selectable in E. coli and for the cosmid-intrinsic marker, directly in cosmids which contain the mutated gene.
Patent DK-155088-D0 (DK)
Inventor: SUGIHARA HIROSADA
IPC: A61K31/495
Filed: 1988-03-22
Abstract: Novel 1,4-disubstituted piperazine compounds represented by the formula (I): <CHEM>  wherein A is a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon group;      R is a phenyl group substituted with a lower alkoxy group;      X is methylene group, carbonyl group or thiocarbonyl group;      and m is 2 or 3, and their salts are useful as a platelet activating factor antagonist.
Patent DK-159988-D0 (DK)
Inventor: DEBURH HAROLD EUGENE
IPC: A01F29/12
Filed: 1988-03-23
Abstract: A rotary blower and discharge spout assembly (10) for an ensilage harvester is provided with a deflector (42) at the outlet (18) of the blower into the spout (28, 30). The deflector (42) extends the blower housing (12, 14) at the upstream side of the outlet (18) and the crop is thereby directed along a path (46) which intersects the spout (30) at only a very shallow angle to reduce wear caused by impingement of the crop on the spout surface.
Patent DK-178384-D0 (DK)
Inventor: SCHWEIZER ERNST
IPC: C07D233/46
Filed: 1984-04-04
Abstract: The compounds of the formula    <IMAGE>  (I)  in which R represents the radical of the formula    <IMAGE> (Ia)  in which R1 represents lower alkyl and each of R2 and R3, independently of the other, represents hydrogen or lower alkyl, and salts thereof exhibit antidiabetic actions.
Patent DK-202985-D0 (DK)
Inventor: NOOYEN ANTONIUS MARIA ALOYSIUS
IPC: A01K1/015
Filed: 1985-05-07
Abstract: Grating (1) used as a floor element in a stable and comprising bars (2) arranged side by side and interconnected by transverse joints whereby a plurality of bars (2) are equipped with a profile rising or lowering the bars (2) at one or more places at substantially equal distances from the bar ends or at such a distance that the profile has a continuous pattern.
Patent DK-238386-D0 (DK)
Inventor: GUSTAFSSON ALF
IPC: H01F27/42
Filed: 1986-05-22
Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to an arrangement for controlling the respective conduction times of two directionally opposed electrical devices (9, 10) which are mutually connected in parallel and permit current to pass therethrough solely in one direction, and which also permit current (l<sub>2</sub>) to pass through the primary winding (2) of a transformer during a respective half-period of an A.C. voltage (U,) applied to the primary winding, this control being effected so that the magnetizing current through the transformer can be advantageously minimized and/or held beneath a given limit value when an asymmetric load (4, 5) is applied to the secondary side (3) of the transformer. A magnetizing current in the primary winding corresponding to the load (5) of the secondary winding (3) is controlled through the agency of different conduction times of the two directionally opposed devices (9, 10).
Patent DK-243787-D0 (DK)
Inventor: HUNTER CLIFFORD PAUL
IPC: A01G7/00
Filed: 1987-05-13
Abstract: The invention provides a method of generating barley plants comprising culturing barley microspores on a sugar-containing medium and harvesting green plantlets from the medium characterised in that the sugar in the sugar-containing medium is at least one sugar selected from sucrose; glucose; and oligosaccharides and polysaccharides containing at least two glucose residues; wherein the concentration of sucrose and glucose in the medium is not greater than 0.03 mol/l; and a method of generating barley seed which comprises the additional steps of cultivating green plantlets and deriving seed from resulting mature plants.
Patent DK-278283-D0 (DK)
Inventor: ARNOULD JEAN-CLAUDE
IPC: C07C69/42
Filed: 1983-06-16
Abstract: The invention concerns novel glyceride esters of anti-bacterial halogenated phenols having the formula I in which Ra and Rb are independently (3-20C)alkyl or (3-20C)alkenyl; Rc and Rd are independently chloro or bromo; Re is hydrogen, chloro or bromo; and A is (1-6C)alkylene optionally bearing one or two (1-4C)alkyl substituents. The esters are of use in the prophylaxis and/or therapy of acne vulgaris. Pharmaceutical compositions for topical administration and processes for the manufacture of the esters are also provided.
Patent DK-331384-D0 (DK)
Inventor: SOLER JOSE ESTEVE
IPC: A61K31/435
Filed: 1984-07-05
Abstract: The present invention relates to new derivatives of 7-(1-pyrrolyl)-1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid and 7-(1-pyrrolyl)-1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid of general formula I:    <IMAGE>  (I)  in which: X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, and R represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, as well as their physiologicaly acceptable alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts. The derivatives of the present invention are advantageously used as antimicrobial agents, espcially as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agents.
Patent DK-459389-D0 (DK)
Inventor: OLSSON ULF KARL GUSTAV
IPC: H02G3/04
Filed: 1989-09-18
Abstract: A system for vertical cable laying and arranging outlets etc. includes two mutually parallel, spaced profiles (1, 3) directly opposite each other, which are mutually pivotably connected along two opposing longitudinal edges (10) via connection means (5), so that the respective profile is pivotable about a pivot axis which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the profile. Junction boxes (7) are mounted with their bottoms (29) against the connection means (5) in the space between the profiles. The opposite front, or opening side of the boxes is intended for closure by an outlet, a lid or the like. The opposing sides of the profiles (1, 3) and the side walls of the boxes (7) are provided with openings (33, 35) allowing cable laying between the channels of the profiles (12, 13) and the interior of the boxes (7). Locking means are arranged for locking the profiles (1, 3) when they are swung inwards towards each other and into contiguity with boxes (7) lying therebetween from an outwardly swung, open position facilitating cable laying.
Patent DK-476885-D0 (DK)
Inventor: WAETJEN FRANK
IPC: C07D487/14
Filed: 1985-10-17
Abstract: New heterocyclic derivatives having the general formula: wherein R′ is C<sub>1-6</sub>-alkyl, C<sub>3-7</sub>-cycloalkyl or C<sub>1-3</sub>-alkoxy­methyl, and- A - is -(CH₂)<sub>n</sub>-Y-(CH₂)<sub>m</sub>-,wherein n and m is O or 1 and -Y- is -O-, -S-, -CH₂-, or -NR"-, wherein R" is hydrogen or C<sub>1-6</sub>-alkyl.The compounds are useful in psychopharmaceutical preparations as anticonvulsants, anxiolytics, hypnotics, and nootropics and in human and animal health as anthelmintics, ecto- and endoparasiticides, insecticides and acaricides.
Patent DK-503087-D0 (DK)
Inventor: GREIG WALTER G
IPC: G09F3/10
Filed: 1987-09-24
Abstract: A pad (10) is provided of a stack of preprinted sheets grouped set by set in at least one set (12), at least some sheets (14) of which differ in some way from the others by virtue of the information, indicia, routing indicator, pattern of carbonless back-coating, color or the like. Within the pad (10), each sheet (14) is serially connected to its neighbors along at least one respective margin (16) of each, at least one of these connections in each set being by means of a strip of non-drying, lightly tacky pressure-sensitive adhesive (22), (24), e.g. so as to provide a multiple part business form set or a pad (10) of several multiple part business form part sets (12) stacked in series, in which at least some of the sheets are connected to adjacent sheets at least generally in accordance with the way that is disclosed in Swiss patent 452,479.
Patent DK-630287-D0 (DK)
Inventor: LESLIE STEWART THOMAS
IPC: A61K31/52
Filed: 1987-12-01
Abstract: A controlled release pharmaceutical composition comprising a plurality of film coated spheroids, the film coated spheroids comprising a 3-alkylxanthine, a non-water soluble spheronising agent and between 4% and 9% (by weight) water, wherein the in-vitro dissolution rate of the 3-alkylxanthine from the film coated spheroids, when measured by the USP Paddle Method at 100rpm in 900ml aqueous buffer (pH 6.5 at 37 DEG C) is between 7.5% and 25.0% (by wt) release after 1 hour, between 22.5% and 45.0% (by wt) release after 2 hours, between 40.0% and 60.0% (by wt) release after 3 hours, between 50.0% and 75.0% (by wt) release after 4 hours, between 70.0% and 92.5% (by wt) release after 6 hours, and between 80.0% and 100.0% (by wt) release after 8 hours. Preferably the water content is between 4% and 8%, especially between 4% and 7% (by wt) of the film coated spheroid formulation. The preferred 3-alkylxanthine is theophylline (anhydrous or hydrate), whilst the preferred spheronising agent is microcrystalline cellulose.
Patent HU-914098-D0 (HU)
Title: Ski made of plain plate with thread reinforcement
Inventor: LORENZ GEORG MICHAEL
IPC: A63C5/12
Filed: 1991-12-23
Abstract: The ski described is characterised by the use of a selected fibre-reinforced material which comprises a sheet-like textile material and a thermosetting resin, the fibre fraction being 30 - 70 % by weight, and the fibres comprising synthetic fibres for at least 30 % by weight. This material is distinguished by a good flexibility and high recovering forces and lends the ski excellent running characteristics, for example good vibration damping. <IMAGE>
Patent HU-904925-D0 (HU)
Title: Process for producing castanospermine esthers
Inventor: MARGOLIN ALEXEY L
IPC: C07C67/03
Filed: 1990-08-07
Abstract: 1-Esters of castanospermine have been prepared enzymatically from appropriate activated esters using subtilisin. The esters obtained in this way can be further reacted enzymatically to give diesters which can, in turn, be selectively hydrolyzed to give monoesters in good yield.
Patent HU-906344-D0 (HU)
Title: Water treating apparatus
Inventor: CHILI DANILO
IPC: C02F1/42
Filed: 1990-10-04
Abstract: Water treatment apparatus having a raw water inlet and a treated water outlet and at least a first and second water treatment tank plus conduit means for passing water from the inlet to the outlet through the first and second tanks in parallel flow relation. The tanks are automatically regenerated in sequential, alternating intermittent manner in response to predetermined criteria. The tank being regenerated is connected to prevent flow from said tank through the outlet, while the tank not being regenerated is connected to provide flow through the outlet. Accordingly, continuous water treatment, with alternating, intermittent regeneration of the tanks, may be provided.
Patent NO-882735-D0 (NO)
Inventor: HOMBERGER HEINRICH
IPC: C22C21/06
Filed: 1988-06-21
Abstract: An aluminium alloy suitable as a material for superplastic forming contains 0.8-2.5% or iron, 3.5-6.0% of magnesium, 0.1-0.6% of manganese, 0.05-0.5% of zirconium, at most 6.0% of zinc, at most 3.0% of copper, at most 0.3% of silicon, at most 0.05% of titanium and at most 0.05% of chromium, the remainder being aluminium of commercial purity. The alloy can be processed to give superplastically formable sheets without separate thermomechanical pretreatment.
Patent NO-890737-D0 (NO)
Inventor: CHAPALAIN JEAN-PHILIPPE GABRIE
IPC: B66C1/18
Filed: 1989-02-21
Abstract: Sling strap, characterised in that the stirrup (4), which has a loop (5) comprising two side cheeks (9, 9') which each have holes (10, 10') in which pivots a revolving assembly (8) consisting of two positioning discs (11, 11') which are joined, on the one hand, by a receiving pin (12) forming an integral part of the receiving means and around which pin (12) the end (2) of the strap (1) is wrapped and folded back through 180 DEG , and, on the other hand, and on both sides of and parallel to the receiving pin (12), by two carrying pins (13, 13') which define between them a straight slot (14) which guides the end (2) of the strap (1) situated in line with the receiving pin (12). The assembly formed by the revolving positioning discs (11, 11') and the carrying pins (13, 13') form the positioning and guiding means of the strap (1). 
<IMAGE>
Patent NO-892717-D0 (NO)
Inventor: MURRAY REX EUGENE
IPC: C07C67/00
Filed: 1989-06-29
Abstract: A process for the transvinylation of a vinyl derivative of a Bronsted acid with a different Bronsted acid which comprises providing a liquid phase mixture containing said vinyl derivative and said Bronsted acid in the presence of a ruthenium compound at a temperature at which transvinylation occurs and recovering as a product of transvinylation the vinyl derivative of the different Bronsted acid. The process is most favorably employed using carboxylic acids to make vinyl esters of carboxylic acids.
Patent NO-902598-D0 (NO)
Inventor: CHEN KAU-MING
IPC: C07D209/10
Filed: 1990-06-12
Abstract: Compounds of formula Iare disclosedwhereinXis -CH₂CH₂- or -CH=CH;R₁is an ester group inert to the reaction conditions; andRis an organic radical having groups which are inert under reducing conditions, with the proviso that, when R is triphenylmethyl, then R₁ additionally includes allyl and X is -OCH₂-or the free acid or a salt form or a further ester form or the δ-lactone, i.e. internal ester form thereof, in a state of purity such that the proportion of erythro to threo isomer is 99:1 : 0.9 or higher.