baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-576397-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of vinyl esters
IPC: C07C69/145
Filed: 1944-09-04
Abstract: Vinyl, including substituted vinyl, esters of fatty acids or substituted fatty acids of not more than five carbon atoms are made by heating the ethylidene or substituted ethylidene diester of the acid with more than the equivalent quantity of the acid anhydride and with an aromatic sulphonic acid as catalyst, and removing the vinyl ester by distillation from the reaction zone as the reaction proceeds.  Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and naphthalene sulphonic acids are suitable catalysts.  The amount of catalyst may be 10-70, preferably 15-40 per cent of the weight of the ethylidene diester.  15-25 per cent of benzene or toluene sulphonic acids are suitable.  The diester is usually heated with at least 3, for example 5-15 times the equivalent amount of the corresponding anhydride.  A stabilizer against polymerization of the vinyl ester, e.g. copper or sodium acetate, may be present in the reaction zone while the receiver may also contain a stabilizer or an anti-oxidant such as hydroquinone.  A still and column of stainless steel may be used, ethylidene diacetate being added continuously or at intervals to boiling acetic anhydride containing catalyst.  Vinyl acetate and acetic acid distil over and are fractionated to separate the ester. The initial ethylidene diesters may be prepared from the acid anhydride, and acetaldehyde or a substituted acetaldehyde, or from acetylene and acetic acid.  Specified vinyl esters are vinyl acetate, propionate, chloracetate and chlorpropionate. Substituted vinyl esters include methylvinyl acetate, from propylidene diacetate and dimethylvinyl acetate, from isobutylidene diacetate.  In examples: (1) ethylidene diacetate and make-up acetic anhydride are added periodically to acetic anhydride, benzene sulphonic acid, and copper acetate heated to boiling in a still with fractionating column, vinyl acetate being isolated from the condensate; (2) the same reactants are heated in a batch process until the temperature at the top of the fractionating column is 136 DEG  C.  The operation is repeated after further additions of ethylidene diacetate and acetic anhydride.
Patent GB-690786-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in making alloy extruded froms by powder metallurgy
IPC: C22C1/04
Filed: 1951-07-17
Abstract: A method of making alloy extruded forms comprises mixing a powdered magnesium base alloy containing from 0.5 per cent to 8 per cent by weight, preferably 4 per cent to 6 per cent, of tin, with powdered aluminium or zinc comprising 0.1 to 6 per cent by weight of the mixture and extruding in heated condition.
Patent GB-680847-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to water-ballast rollers
Inventor: HOON FRANK
IPC: E01C19/24
Filed: 1950-07-07
Abstract: 680,847. Land rollers. MUNICIPAL APPLIANCES CO., Ltd. July 13, 1951 [July 7, 1950], No. 16972/ 50. Class 6(i) A water-ballast ;roller is provided with two or more water-holding compartments 2, 3, symmetrically disiposed and each with its own filling means 5. The compartments, a s shown, are annular, coaxial with the roller, and of different capacity.
Patent GB-241139-A (GB)
Title: Collapsible cooking stove
IPC: F24B1/20
Filed: 1925-07-02
Abstract: 241,139. Maver, J. July 2, 1925. Cooking-stoves; grates.-In a stove of the kind comprising hinged foldable walls 1 - - 4, a grate 6, and rods 10 pivotally mounted on one wall and forming utensil supports, the grate is supported on lugs 7 struck out from the walls, the spaces 7<a> thus left forming air-supply openings. One of the hinge pins 5a is removable to facilitate the folding of the stove.
Patent GB-625360-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical oscillation generators
IPC: H03B5/10
Filed: 1947-06-27
Abstract: 625,360. Valve generating circuits. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO., Inc. June 27, 1947, No. 17024. Convention date, Jan. 17, 1942. [Classes 40 (v).and 40 (vi)] In an oscillator including a thermionic tube having at least three electrodes, two tuned circuits are connected in series in the anodecathode circuit, one resonant at the desired signal frequency and the other at a lower frequency and each having an untuned feedback connection to the control grid, means being provided for proportioning the relative amplitudes of the feedback so that the oscillations of signal frequency are periodically interrupted at the lower frequency. As shown, the coils 31, 32, 33 and variable condenser 36 form a circuit resonant to the signalling frequency, for instance 1000 cycles per second, and coil 21 together with variable condenser 20 forms a circuit resonant at the interrupting frequency, for example 15 cycles per second. Both frequencies are fed back to the control grid, which may have zero or negative bias, the amount of feedback being controlled by potentiometers 38 and 23. The resistor 19 has a high resistance to limit grid current, and an impedance element 35 having a negative temperature-voltage coefficient is connected across the windings 33 and a part of winding 32 to limit the amplitude of the signal frequency oscillations. The output transformer 40 is connected across the winding 31 of the signalling frequency circuit.
Patent GB-676339-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in magnetometers or magnetic detecting devices
IPC: G01R33/04
Filed: 1950-07-07
Abstract: 676,339. Magnetic tests. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO., Inc. July 7, 1950 [July 12 1949], No. 17027/50. Class 37. A magnetic detecting device comprises a core 2 defining a gap 3, and windings 4, 5, fed with A.C. from a source and producing equal and opposite fluxes 12, 13 in the gap 3, the current through the windings 4, 5 saturating the core 2. As a consequence, no current flows through windings 7, 8 ; but when a magnet 14 is near the gap 2, its flux 15 produces a current, i.e. of twice the frequency of source 6 which is detected at 16. The magnitude and phase of this current is proportional to the magnitude and direction of the flux 15. The device is applicable to detecting whether there is a magnetic spot on a stationary tape, and may be used with a moving tape if the rate of pole passage is below the frequency of the source 6.
Patent GB-1379111-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of fused-ring pyridine and pyrazine derivatives
IPC: C07D495/04
Filed: 1972-04-13
Abstract: 1379111 Fused-ring pyridine and pyrazine derivatives ASPRO-NICHOLAS Ltd 28 March 1973 [13 April 1972] 17033/72 Heading C2C Aromatic[c]dihydropyridine and aromatic[c]- tetrahydropyrazine compounds of formulae where A is the residue of an aromatic compound of which the pair of adjacent ring atoms shown form part of an aromatic (including heteroaromatic) ring, R 1  is optionally substituted alkyl or cycloalkyl, each R 2  is independently H or a substituent or together with another R 2  forms a divalent group and X is S, Se or Te, are prepared by reacting an isocyanate S, Se or Te analogue of one of the formulae with a compound capable of providing a carbonium ion R 1 <SP>+</SP> under the reaction conditions. Specified sources of carbonium ions are trialkyloxonium [(R 1 ) 3 O<SP>+</SP>] and dialkoxycarbonium [HC<SP>+</SP>(OR 1 ) 2 ] compounds and alkyl esters of fluorosulphonic acid and perfluorinated alkylsulphonic acids. Examples prepare: 1-ethylthio - 3,4 - dihydroisoquinoline; 1 - methylthio- 6,7 - dimethoxy - 3,4 - dihydroisoquinoline; 1 - ethylthio - 3 - methyl - 3,4 - dihydroisoquinoline; 1 - ethylthio - 7 - methoxy - 3,4 - dihydroisoquinoline; 1 - ethylthio - 4,4 - dimethyl - 3,4 - dihydroisoquinoline; 1 - ethylthio - 6 - bromo - 3,4 - dihydroisoquinoline; 1- ethylthio - 4 - n - butyl - 3,4 - dihydroisoquinoline; 1 - ethylthio - 4 - phenyl - 3,4 - dihydroisoquinoline and 1 - methylthio - 3,4 - dihydro- (thieno[3,2,c])pyridine.
Patent GB-788145-A (GB)
Title: Bottom bracket for a bicycle
IPC: B62K19/34
Filed: 1956-06-01
Abstract: 788,145. Bottom brackets for cycles. VICTORIA-WERKE AKT.-GES. June 1, 1956 [June 3, 1955], No. 17063/56. Class 136(3) In a bottom bracket for a bicycle comprising an axle 1 rotatably mounted in bearings carried by a housing 2, the opposite ends of the axle projecting outwardly of the housing, and a chain wheel 6 connected to one end of the axle so as to be rotatable in unison therewith, one of the bearings is a ball bearing mounted adjacent the chain wheel 6 and comprises a ring of balls 13 disposed in the plane of the chain wheel. The ball bearing has an outer race 9 which is connected to the chain wheel 6 or made integral therewith. The race 9 and the chain wheel 6 are fitted on to a collar 5 of a pedal crank 3 which is secured to the axle 1. The wheel 6 and collar 5 have intermeshing teeth 7 so that rotation of the pedal crank 3 effects rotation of the wheel 6 in the same direction. The outer race 9 is also held bv the teeth 7. The collar 5 is flanged at 17 to retain the chain wheel 6 and the outer race 9 in position. The inner race 8 of the ball bearing is provided with a projection 14 which extends into the housing 2. A shoulder 15 on the race 8 extends radially almost as far as the axle 1 so that a chamber 16 into which the lubricant for the ball bearing may be introduced is substantially closed with respect to the housing 2.
Patent GB-1080602-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing envelope blanks from a web of material
IPC: B31B160/10
Filed: 1965-04-23
Abstract: 1,080,602. Aligning envelope blanks in envelope-making machines. R. WINKLER, and K. DUNNEBIER. April 23, 1965 [April 27, 1964], No. 17173/65. Heading B5D. Pairs of pins 65, 65a, Figs. 1 and 3 (former not shown), engage the rear corner cut-outs 2, 2a of diamond-shaped envelope blanks, cut from a continuously moving web, to align the blanks. In one embodiment cut-outs 2, 2a are made in the web 1, Fig. 3, by a roller 53, see also Fig. 5 (not shown), carrying suitably shaped knives 51, 52 and co-operating with a roller 54. Alternately, a fixed blade (155), Fig. 6 (not shown), may replace the roller 54. Blanks 1b are then cut from the web by a flying cutter 58 co-operating with a stationary blade (59), Fig. 5 (not shown), both angularly adjustable to vary the angle of the cut (3) across the web. The blanks are then accelerated in the direction of the web by feed wheels 61, 61a, co-operating with wheels (62), into the bite of similar feed wheels 63, 63a and (64). At this station the direction of movement of the blank is changed, so that the blank is fed in a direction parallel to the shorter axis of symmetry. The blanks are then aligned by the pins 65, 65a adjustably arranged on the circumference of wheels 66, 66a, see also Fig. 4 (not shown). Situated between these wheels are corresponding arcuate guides 67, 67a Suction orifices may also be provided in the wheels 66, 66a, to assist in the aligning of the blanks. Alternatively, the aligning may be carried out by chains carrying equivalent pins. After the blanks have been aligned, the front corner cut outs 5, 5a are made by rollers 69, 69a, cooperating with stationary cutters 70, 70a, and the tips of the flaps 6, Fig. 1 (not shown), may be cut off. The order of the operations may be changed as in Fig. 2 (not shown), in which the blanks, cut from the moving web, are aligned at station (G) by pins (13, 13a) and a fixed guide (4). Cut-outs (16, 16a.-15, 15a) are made, the direction of travel of the blank is then changed, and finally the blank is re-aligned at station (K) by pairs of pins as before. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 842,454.
Patent GB-892813-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to transmission apparatus including waveguide aerials
Inventor: HAME TREVOR GORDON
IPC: H01Q21/00
Filed: 1957-05-31
Abstract: 892,813. Aerials; radar. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. May 22, 1958 [May 31, 1957], No. 17274/57. Class 40(7). The invention is concerned with transmission apparatus for radio frequency pulse energy consisting of an array of slots cut in a waveguide which is coupled at. one end to the pulse-modulated energy source. According to the invention the aperture of the array is chosen in accordance with the duration of the pulses and the direction of the axis of the main lobe of the radiation pattern relative to the array. It is noted that, at the commencement of a pulse, energy takes a finite time to travel along the waveguide and energize the slots of the array. Between the start of the pulse and the time when the slot furthest from the feeder is energized a varying number of slots are operative and the radiation pattern and power radiated in the main lobe is varying. A similar effect occurs at the end of each pulse and if the time taken for energy to travel from one end of the array to the other (t a ) exceeds the pulse length (t p ) at no time are all the slots radiating and the main lobe power is reduced relative to operation when t a  # t p . If the main lobe is not perpendicular to the axis of the array this simple explanation has to be modified to take into account the angle the wavefront makes with the array axis. To achieve the most effective transmission of energy it is proposed to make the delay time between energy travelling to the same wavefront in the direction of the axis of the main lobe via the two extreme slots of the array lie between the pulse duration and a value not substantially less than half the pulse duration. If the slot array is used also for reception of the transmitted pulses, as in pulse radar apparatus, the pulses transmitted are altered in shape due to the time taken to gradually energize and stop energizing all the slots in the array and the reflected pulses suffer a similar change in shape on reception and before being passed to the receiver. In these circumstances it is preferred to make the delay time specified above not greater than half the pulse duration. Fig. 11 of the drawings shows a suitable radar slot array in which the slotted waveguide is terminated in an absorber 5.
Patent GB-1359213-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing an attrition-resistant cracking catalyst
IPC: C10G11/05
Filed: 1971-05-26
Abstract: 1359213 Hydrocarbon conversion catalysts W R GRACE & CO 26 May 1971 [21 Oct 1970] 17281/71 Heading B1E A composition suitable for use as catalyst in hydrocarbon conversion reactions, for example hydrocarbon cracking, is prepared by a method wherein "Bentolite L" (a low-swelling montmorillonite clay containing about 0.2 weight per cent Na 2 O) is incorporated into an inorganic oxide matrix during preparation thereof, the matrix being selected from alumina, silica, silica-alumina, silica-zirconia, silica-magnesia, silica-alumina-zirconia and silica-alumina-magnesia. Zeolite and/or diluent clay other than "Bentolite L", for example kaolin, also may be incorporated into the matrix during preparation thereof. Specified zeolites are naturallyoccuring chabazite, erionite, fanjasite, mordenite and sodalite and synthetic zeolites X, Y, A and L; the zeolite preferably is an "ultrastable" zeolite, for example zeolite Z-14 US, or a rare earth metal-exchanged zeolite. A zeolitecontaining composition may contain from 1 to 40 weight per cent "Bentolite L" and from 1 to 40 weigh per cent zeolite; a diluent claycontaining composition may contain from 1 to 10 weight per cent "Bentolite L" and from 15 to 45 weight per cent total clay (i.e. "Bentolite L" plus diluent clay). Examples relate to compositions containing rare earth metal-exchanged zeolite X, kaolin and either "Bentolite L" or (comparative) "Bentolite H" (a high-swelling montmorillonite clay containing about 5 weight per cent Na 2 O) incorporated in a silica-alumina matrix derived from sodium silicate and aluminium sulphate.
Patent GB-610820-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic cameras
IPC: G03B17/42
Filed: 1945-07-06
Abstract: 610,820. Photographic roll-film cameras. LOCHET, P. A. J. July 6, 1945, No. 17315. Convention date, March 8. [Class 98 (i)] A camera of the kind comprising means for automatically winding the film on a take-up spool after each exposure, such means being operatively connected with the shutter release control, is characterised by the provision of a film tensioning roller over which the film passes with its rear face or a protective layer on said face in engagement with the roller, whereby the roller is driven by the feed movement of the film, and a looking device for this roller adapted to be actuated to release the roller by the shutter release control. As shown, a spool of unexposed film is mounted in the lower recessed end of casing C, Fig. 1, the free end of the film is led behind rollers 8b, 8c to take up spool 12, cover C<1> is secured to the back of the casing C, and the film is drawn into operating position on spool 12 by means of the usual winder member 13a, Fig. 2. A spring in box 19 is wound-up by half-loop key 17 and gear wheels 16, 23, and this spring tends to drive spool 12 through agency of gear-wheels 14, 20, 21 and 22, but actual movement of spool 12 is prevented by the braking action of roller 8 on the rear face of the film, or on its backing paper. Wheel 9, in mesh with roller 8, carries a pair of diametrically opposite studs 10, 11, of which stud 10 is shown in Fig. 1, locked against a shoulder of multi-armed lever 5, and movement of this lever 5, effected by lever 1, permits wheel 9 to turn either a half, or a whole revolution, as desired; this releases a portion of film, which is drawn forward by the clockwork mechanism operating on spool 12; and the other end of lever 1, by acting on slide 2, operates the shutter. An exposure counter (Fig. 7, not shown), operated by arm 5g of the lever 5 may be fitted in the camera. A pin 35, controlled from outside the camera, is used to disengage lever 5 from wheel 9 and so release the film for its initial and final winding by hand.
Patent GB-656857-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machines for harvesting potatoes and other root crops
IPC: A01D21/04
Filed: 1949-06-27
Abstract: 656,857. Harvesting root-crops. MILBOURN, T. H. June 27, 1949, No. 17371/48. [Class 6 (iii)] Root-crops, lifted by a share 29, are carried upwardly by prongs 22 on the lower run of an endless conveyer 10 over an oscillating grating, composed of rods 32 pivoted at 33 and oscillated vertically by cranks 40 and connecting rods 38. The potatoes, haulms and leaves fall into. a hopper 49 from which a conveyer 50 carries them to a separating conveyer 51 (Fig. 6). This comprises an endless band carrying flexible fingers 54 projecting through stationary bars 55. Leaves and trash are retained by the ‹ fingers which yield to release the potatoes. The bars 55 are adjustable to vary the extent of the projection. The conveyer 10 comprises chains interconnected by articulated plates 19 carrying the prongs 22, the chains being steadied by guides 23, 24 along their upper and lower runs. Knives 27 pass through the prongs on their upper run to eject stones. The conveyers and grating are driven from shafts such as 46 which may be driven from the land-wheels or from any other power source.
Patent GB-643629-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to roll-holders
IPC: A47K10/40
Filed: 1948-06-29
Abstract: 643,629. Roll holders. DANIELS, A. and FARBER, M. June 29, 1948, No. 17385. [Class 18] A toilet roll or like holder comprises two arms a, b, between which is supported a roller g for carrying the roll, one of the arms a being revolvable about its mounting c. One end of the roller houses a spring k and plunger h, the plunger being attached to the base of a recess y, formed in the end of the arm a, into which the roller g is adapted to slide. A pin m is provided in the roller g and is brought into' alignment with a slot x formed in the arm when it is desired to slide the roller into the recess y. The other end of the roller is also adapted to slide in a recess formed in the other arm b. To mount a toilet roll or the like the roller g is revolved to bring the pin and slot into register and is then moved so that it slides into the recess y against the action of the spring k. Simultaneously the roller disengages its end from the recess formed in the arm b whereupon the arm a can be swung about its mounting c. After receiving the roll, the roller is swung back into position, the end of the roller being located in the recess in the arm b by a flange v formed part way round the circumference of the recess. A plate j secured to the end of the roller g retains the plunger and spring in position in the roller.
Patent GB-1303130-A (GB)
IPC: C01B4/00
Filed: 1970-04-13
Abstract: 1303130 Isotope exchange between hydrogen and an amine COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 13 April 1970 [23 April 1969] 17411/70 Heading C2C [Also in Division C1] Isotopic exchange between hydrogen and an amine comprises contacting hydrogen gas with the amine (e.g. monomethylamine) which contains in solution an alkali metal amide catalyst and a surface active agent having no acid or hydroxyl groups (e.g. mono, di or trilaurylamine, tri-n-hexylamine, or tri-n-octylamine preferably in an amount of 0À5 to 1 % by volume of the amine). Other aliphatic amines or an ether may also be present in the solution.
Patent GB-612960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in centrifugal driers
IPC: B04B3/04
Filed: 1946-06-11
Abstract: 612,960. Centrifugal driers. SOC. ANON FRANCAISE POUR LA SEPARATION L'EMULSION ET LE MELANGE (PROCEDES S.E.M.). June 11, 1946, No. 17480. Convention date, June 11, 1945. [Class 23] A rotor a, containing material to be dried, has one or more perforated bases which are at right angles, or substantially so, to the rotor axis I-I. Extracted liquid passes through holes b. Fig. 4 shows a number of angularly-shaped rakes g<1>-g<5>, attached to a core f which preferably rotates at a different speed to that of the rotor a. Material to be dried is fed in through an inlet i and passes through a hole h into the first angular chamber a<1>-b<1> and is gathered by the rake g<1> and forced into the next higher chamber a<2>-b<2> and so on. The dried material is finally discharged over an edge k. Pins l prevent blocking of the entry of material to the hole h. The material may be treated by a jet of water or steam in one of the upper chambers. Materials which may be centrifuged include liquors in the manufacture of sugar, potassium and ammonium salts, or powdered products such as starch, carbonate of lime and the like.
Patent GB-276963-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in oil fuel furnaces
IPC: F23C99/00
Filed: 1927-07-01
Abstract: 276,963. Delling, E. H. Sept. 3, 1926, [Convention date]. Liquid-fuel furnaces.-The combustible mixture is divided into two streams which are directed around the walls of an initial combustion chamber, a central outlet being provided for the burning fuel, which is subsequently directed around the outside of the chamber. In the boiler furnace shown, atomized fuel from a nozzle 12, together with air from a furnace blower 11, is directed radially into a circular casing 6, the mixture being divided by a V-shaped baffle 13 into two streams which flow around the walls of the chamber and then pass down a central tube 8. The hot gases are then deflected by a conical baffle 4 under the bottom of the boiler, and pass up the flue tubes and around the outside of the chamber 6.