baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2020077813-A (JP)
Title: Substrate processing method, substrate processing apparatus, and storage medium
Inventor: INADA TAKASHI
IPC: H01L21/306
Filed: 2018-11-09
Abstract: To accurately etch a silicon nitride film even on a substrate in which a silicon nitride film and a silicon oxide film are highly stacked.SOLUTION: A substrate processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an etching step of etching a substrate on which a silicon oxide film and a silicon nitride film are formed with a phosphoric acid treatment solution. In the etching step, the silicon concentration in the phosphoric acid treatment solution is set to a first silicon concentration at which the silicon oxide film is etched from a start time to the passage of a first time interval.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4
Patent JP-2019062537-A (JP)
Title: Imaging apparatus and control method thereof, program, storage medium
Inventor: NISHIZAWA HIDETA
IPC: H04N5/225
Filed: 2018-11-12
Abstract: To allow for appropriate automatic focus adjustment, when recording an image in an imaging apparatus performing automatic focus adjustment of phase difference system in the imaging surface.SOLUTION: An imaging apparatus includes an image pickup device including a pixel part where unit pixels, each having multiple photoelectric conversion elements, are arranged in matrix, and multiple column output lines provided to each column of the pixel part, and a control section for controlling to output the signals of multiple unit pixels, arranged on the same column of the pixel part, simultaneously to respective column output lines provided for respective columns of the pixel parts, when reading the signals of some photoelectric conversion elements of the unit pixel. When the imaging apparatus is in a mode for recording a moving image, the control section determines whether or not to output the signals of multiple unit pixels simultaneously to respective column output lines provided for respective columns of the pixel parts, on the basis of whether or not an image of high resolution is recorded.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6
Patent JP-2020081421-A (JP)
Title: Oxygen shelter
Inventor: NAKAJIMA HIROKI
IPC: A61G10/02
Filed: 2018-11-27
Abstract: To provide an oxygen shelter which can prevent damage to a cover part even when a housing part is expanded.SOLUTION: In an oxygen shelter 1 of the present invention, a width (W) of a groove part 14 provided to a pillar part 12 is larger than a thickness (D) of a wall part 17, and thus a gap G is formed when the wall part 17 is fitted into the groove part 14. Then, the gap G absorbs an expansion of a housing part 2. With this, even when the housing part 2 expands, the oxygen shelter 1 can prevent damage to a cover part 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3
Patent JP-2019186194-A (JP)
Title: Vehicular lever
Inventor: CHOI KWANG-JOO
IPC: H01H25/04
Filed: 2018-11-29
Abstract: To provide a lever switch which is related to the lever switch used for an industrial vehicle, and accessibility, assembly, and safety are improved.SOLUTION: A lever switch is structured by: a first slider that contains a first function part 210 that operates an advancing and backing of a vehicle by a swinging and a second function part 270 that operates a light or a direction indication indicates by a rotation, and which is slit at an operation of the first function part; a second slider that forms a separation distance so as to be arranged in parallel at a height similar to that of the first slider, and is slit at an operation of the second function part; a ground part included between the first and second sliders; a first switch part containing a plurality of first elastic bars in which the other end rises and drops by the movement of the first slider; and a plurality of second elastic bars in which the other end rises and drops by the movement of the second slider.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020088717-A (JP)
Title: On-vehicle network system
Inventor: SHIRAI HIRONORI
IPC: B60R16/02
Filed: 2018-11-29
Abstract: To provide an on-vehicle network system that establishes both of flexibility and safety.SOLUTION: An on-vehicle network system 500 comprises a controller 50, a plurality of switches 51 to 53, and control units. The controller 50 controls the on-vehicle network system 500 in accordance with an open flow protocol. The plurality of switches 51 to 53 are connected to the controller 50 via communication lines 70 and execute processing in response to an instruction from the controller 50. Switches differing from each other of the plurality of switches 51 to 53 are connected using a communication line 80. The control units include a plurality of ECUs 11 to 13 and ECUs 21 to 25 and are connected respectively to the plurality of switches 51 to 53 via communication lines 100, 200, 300. When a power supply state of a vehicle is ignition-on, the controller 50 makes the number of limitations on reconstruction of communication routes among the ECUs when the vehicle is traveling larger than that when the vehicle is stopping.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4
Patent JP-2020087301-A (JP)
Title: Data collection system, information processing device, communication node, and data collection method
Inventor: YAMASHITA KOICHIRO
IPC: G08C15/06
Filed: 2018-11-30
Abstract: To provide a data collection system capable of efficiently collecting data.SOLUTION: A data collection system is comprised of: an information processing device connected to a server via a network; and a communication node that is capable of communicating with the information processing device and that collects predetermined data from a sensor which detects predetermined data regarding a predetermined event; wherein: the information processing device comprises: a time acquisition unit that acquires a time of occurrence of a predetermined event from the server; a time calculation unit that calculates an activation starting time which is earlier than the time of occurrence of the event acquired by the time acquisition unit by the activation starting time of the communication node; and a first communication unit for transmitting to the communication node the activation start time obtained by the time calculation unit; and the communication node comprises: a data acquisition unit that starts an activation at the activation starting time received from the first communication unit and acquires predetermined data detected by the sensor when the activation is completed; and a second communication unit that transmits the predetermined data acquired by the data acquisition unit to the first communication unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9
Patent JP-2020023142-A (JP)
Title: Cleaning unit and cleaning system of inkjet head
Inventor: SHINOMIYA BUNJI
IPC: B41J2/165
Filed: 2018-11-30
Abstract: To provide a cleaning unit of an inkjet head which can improve quality of head cleaning.SOLUTION: A cleaning unit 100 of an inkjet head includes a base 110, and cleaning members 120A to 120H provided on the base 110. The cleaning members 120A to 120H have a convex surface S1. The convex surface S1 of the cleaning members 120A to 120H has flexibility, and is formed of a material absorbing ink.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4A
Patent JP-2019112224-A (JP)
Title: Sheet feeding device and image formation device
Inventor: ITO TOSHIYUKI
IPC: B65H1/26
Filed: 2018-12-05
Abstract: To provide a mechanism that prevents by its simple structure such a situation as when a sheet mounting device with long sheets stackingly mounted and stored therein is pushed into a sheet feeding device in a skew manner, either the right side or the left side of the sheet mounting device is not anchored, causing half-latched condition.SOLUTION: Inside the sheet feeding device that stores and anchors the sheet mounting device, is provided a latch assembly comprised of two, right and left latches and a connecting part that connect these, which acts integrally. Thereby when the sheet mounting device is pushed into the sheet feeding device in a skew manner, even if either roller of the sheet mounting device contacts either one of the latches and runs onto the roller, until the other latch passes through the other roller, the engagement of both latches can be maintained.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7
Patent JP-2019091045-A (JP)
Title: Road monitoring device and road monitoring program
Inventor: TOGASHI KENJI
IPC: G06T11/60
Filed: 2018-12-19
Abstract: To inform a monitoring person 502 of an event that causes a hindrance to traffic such as a cave-in of a road or an overhang of a tree on a road.SOLUTION: A point group image generation unit 513 generates, using three-dimensional point group data that includes three-dimensional coordinate values of respective measurement points located at a road and surroundings of the road, a point group image that is displayed on a display device on which each measurement point is drawn at a spot corresponding to the three-dimensional coordinate value of each measurement point. An event position calculation unit 515 calculates a three-dimensional coordinate value that corresponds to a designated spot which is designated in a displayed point group image and displays an event occurring on the road or in the surroundings of the road, as an event position, using the three-dimensional coordinate value of the measurement point corresponding to the designated spot. A map image generation unit 512 generates a map image which is the image of a map in which an event drawing indicating the event is added to a spot corresponding to the event position, and which is displayed on the display device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 31
Patent JP-2019134412-A (JP)
Title: Hearing equipment having antenna capable of digital adjustment
Inventor: SOREN KVIST
IPC: H04R1/06
Filed: 2018-12-21
Abstract: To provide a radio antenna for hearing equipment ensuring good communication for layout limitation, such as spatial limitation determined by the size of hearing aid.SOLUTION: Hearing equipment 120 including an antenna structure 10 includes a microphone for receiving audio and converting the received audio, a signal processor for processing the received audio into an audio-signal for compensating the hearing loss of the user, a speaker connected with the signal processor, and a radiocommunication unit 20 connected with the signal processor for radiocommunication, and interconnected with the antenna structure 10 for radiation and reception of electromagnetic field. The antenna structure 10 includes an antenna element 24 having a first end 21 and a second end 23. The first end is connected with the feeding part of the antenna structure, and a controllable component 36 is provided in series with the antenna element 24. The controllable component changes one or more characteristics of the antenna structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Patent JP-2020099264-A (JP)
Title: Electric reel for fishing
Inventor: MATSUNO KEISUKE
IPC: A01K89/017
Filed: 2018-12-21
Abstract: To switch a state to a power transmission state with stabilization for a long term, while relaxing preferably, impact to a repulsive member of a switching member.SOLUTION: An electric reel for fishing comprises: a mechanical speed change gear 210 for switching a power transmission state to a spool 5 between a high speed power transmission state and a low speed power transmission state; a speed switching switch 60; a switching member 50 which is actuated in linkage with an operation of the speed switching switch 60; and a rotor 223 for speed change for switching the power transmission state of the mechanical speed change gear 210 by stopping rotation by engagement of the switching member 50. The switching member 50 is energized to a second position where the switching member engages to the rotor 223 for speed change from a first position where the member does not engage to the rotor 223 for speed change. A repulsive member 55 is arranged on a first position for applying repulsive force directed to a second position to the switching member 50. On at least one of contact parts of the repulsive member 55 and the switching member 50, a buffer member is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4
Patent JP-2020100427-A (JP)
Title: Container breaking/opening structure
Inventor: HASHIMOTO TADASHI
IPC: B65D77/12
Filed: 2018-12-24
Abstract: To provide a breaking/opening structure for various containers, which enables even a person of weak power such as the disabled, the aged, or a child to surely open the containers with a simple operation.SOLUTION: A breaking/opening structure 2 for a container 1, which is provided to an opening 4 of the container 1, comprises: a pair of sheet materials 5 having rotatable hardness and opposing each other; close contact means 6 for maintaining the opposing state of the pair of sheet materials 5 while closely contacting to a certain extent; and a sealing member 7 provided between the pair of sheet materials 5 so as to seal the opening 4. The sealing member 7 includes a breaking/opening part, and the breaking/opening part is configured to be broken to open the opening 4 when the pair of sheet materials 5 are released from the closed state of opposing each other and rotated to open the upper parts of the pair of sheet materials 5 with the ends of the sheet materials 5 on the opening 4 side as base ends.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3
Patent JP-2020107651-A (JP)
Title: Gas supply mechanism, gas supply method and deposition device
Inventor: SHIMOMURA KOJI
IPC: H01L21/31
Filed: 2018-12-26
Abstract: To provide a technique capable of supplying reduction gas which has desired nitriding capability and stability and can deposit a good nitride film in depositing a nitride film.SOLUTION: The gas supply mechanism, supplying reduction gas for depositing a nitriding film, includes: an accumulation container for accumulating liquid hydrazine; an ammonia gas supply pipe for supplying ammonia gas as carrier gas in the accumulation container; and a delivery pipe for delivering, to a processing container for nitriding film deposition, hydrazine gas vaporized in the accumulation container as reduction gas together with the ammonia gas.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Patent JP-2020103436-A (JP)
Title: Program, game server, information processing terminal, method, and game system
Inventor: SHINDO TAKAYUKI
IPC: A63F13/533
Filed: 2018-12-26
Abstract: To provide a program, a game server, an information processing terminal, a method, and a game system that have improved amusement properties of a game by instructing a player to make a gesture associated with a virtual living body in a game for raising a virtual living body.SOLUTION: A program for executing a game that raises a virtual living body causes a computer to function as: an instruction generation unit for generating a gesture instruction associated with a virtual living body; a notification unit for notifying a player of the generated gesture instruction; an acquisition unit for acquiring a gesture of the player: a determination unit for determining whether or not the acquired gesture matches the generated gesture instruction; and an execution unit for executing processing on raising of the virtual living body when the determination unit determines that the acquired gesture matches the generated gesture instruction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3
Patent JP-2019120696-A (JP)
Title: Collecting device for semi-volatile or nonvolatile substances
Inventor: ZHANG QINGJUN
IPC: G01N1/02
Filed: 2018-12-26
Abstract: To provide a collection device for semi-volatile or nonvolatile substances.SOLUTION: In this collecting device for semi-volatile or nonvolatile substances, a nozzle 2 is configured to discharge a gas to the sample adhering surface so as to generate an air flow sample particles which are involved, a front cavity 3 has a top end outlet at which the air flow enters the interior at its upper end, a collecting body 10 is connected airtight to a lower end of the front cavity, a cylindrical cavity 5 and conical cavity 6 arranged in a coaxial line in the vertical direction therein are provided, a sample outlet 7 for discharging the sample particles is provided at the bottom, a plurality of intake passages in which the air flow enters the cylindrical cavity from the front cavity is provided in the collecting body, the intake passage is not located on the same plane with respect to the axis of the cylindrical cavity but is provided obliquely downward, this makes the air flow to form a cyclone rotating downward in the cylindrical cavity, an exhaust passage is also provided in the collection body, and its exhaust port communicates with the interior of the cylindrical cavity.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020104630-A (JP)
Title: Air spring locking structure
Inventor: NISHIYAMA YUKIHIKO
IPC: B62D33/067
Filed: 2018-12-27
Abstract: To completely prevent release of an air spring locking state while suppressing a protrusion height of a shaft part.SOLUTION: A seating part 13 of an air spring 10 includes a first abutment part 19, a first opposing surface 20 and a shaft part 14. A spring support part 30 includes: a second abutment part 31 abutting onto the first abutment part 19 under a seating state; a second opposing surface 32 separated from and opposed to the first opposing surface 20; a shaft insertion hole 33; and a shaft movement regulation part 34 projecting from the second opposing surface 32 to partition a shaft insertion space 35 communicating with the shaft insertion hole 33. The shaft part 14 inserts the shaft insertion hole 33 and the shaft insertion space 35 under a seating state. A front end of the shaft part 14 escaped from the shaft insertion hole 33 by a rising motion of an upper structure from the seating state moves in the shaft insertion space 35. The front end of the shaft part 14 escaped from the shaft insertion hole 33 enters the shaft insertion hole 33 from the shaft insertion space 35 by a lowering motion of the upper structure for the seating state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4
Patent JP-2020105110-A (JP)
Title: Resin molding and resin product
Inventor: MIZUTANI MASATO
IPC: A01P7/04
Filed: 2018-12-27
Abstract: To provide a resin molding which is small in reduction of volatilization of an insect control component and can exhibit an excellent insect control effect.SOLUTION: A resin molding contains a pyrethroid-based insect control component vaporizing in ordinary temperature, and has a contact angle of water of 84-95° and a contact angle of a liquid paraffin of 20-30°.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Patent JP-2019086787-A (JP)
Title: Electronic apparatus and image forming apparatus
Inventor: ISHIDA MASAHIRO
IPC: G03G15/00
Filed: 2018-12-28
Abstract: To provide a sound absorption device which includes an opening and a cavity part and can increase a sound absorption effect against a low-frequency sound while suppressing a transmission sound, and to provide an electronic apparatus including the sound absorption device and an image forming apparatus.SOLUTION: In a sound absorption device 200 which includes a communication part forming plate 220 being a first member including an opening 202 and a cavity forming part 210 being a second member combined with the communication part forming plate 220 to form a cavity part 201, the communication part forming plate 220 includes a flange part 221 being an erection part forming the opening 220, and the material of the cavity forming part 210 is resin whose density is smaller than that of metal being the material of the communication part forming plate 220.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020105867-A (JP)
Title: Building panel, and wall body structure using the same
Inventor: FUNAKI MOTOKATSU
IPC: E04C2/52
Filed: 2018-12-28
Abstract: To provide a building panel that is easily produced (processed) and does not cause the problem such as peeling when using the same, and a wall body structure using the same.SOLUTION: A building panel 1 of the present invention comprises a rectangular core material 3 and a decorative material 2 disposed on a surface thereof. Both edges 22 in a longer direction of the decorative material 2 are bent so as to cover longer direction ends of the core material 3. A plurality of open holes 23 are formed with a prescribed interval along side edges in a longer direction of the decorative material 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020108431-A (JP)
Title: Game machine
Inventor: KITADA SHOHEI
IPC: A63F7/02
Filed: 2018-12-28
Abstract: To reduce a source code description of a game machine.SOLUTION: A game machine includes instruction execution means capable of executing a plurality of kinds of instructions. The instruction execution means can execute a first instruction for calling a prescribed processing related to a game history, and when the prescribed processing is called by using the first instruction, executes a processing for saving prescribed information stored in a prescribed register in a stack area, and the called prescribed processing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2018519768-A (JP)
Title: 共有無線周波数スペクトル帯域を使用するチャネルクリアランス技法
IPC: H04W88/06
Filed: 2016-06-15
Abstract: 無線周波数スペクトル帯域を使用するチャネルクリアランスは、基地局およびユーザ機器（ＵＥ）の両方のために実行され得る。基地局は、リッスンビフォアトーク（ＬＢＴ）プロシージャを実行し、共有無線周波数スペクトル帯域における１つまたは複数のチャネルが送信のために利用可能であると検証し、ＬＢＴプロシージャが成功する場合、１つまたは複数のＵＥにプレ許可送信を送信する。ＵＥは、プレ許可送信において示されたチャネルについてＬＢＴプロシージャを実行し得る。ＵＥ ＬＢＴプロシージャがパスする場合、ＵＥは、プレ許可送信に応答して、フィードバック通信を送信し、チャネルクリアランス信号を送信し得る。フィードバック通信は、たとえば、プレ許可送信が受信されたことと、１つまたは複数のチャネルのうちどのチャネルがＬＢＴプロシージャに基づいて利用可能なのかとを示し得る。基地局は、フィードバック通信を受信し、ＵＥに送信を開始し得る。【選択図】図４
Patent JP-2018529039-A (JP)
Title: エンジン排気ガスからの粒状物質および有害化合物の除去のためのシステム
IPC: F01N3/24
Filed: 2016-07-06
Abstract: ＮＨ３−ＳＣＲ活性、アンモニア酸化活性、ならびに上流のＳＣＲ活性触媒から揮発した揮発性バナジウムおよびタングステン化合物の吸着活性を有する三元触媒ユニットを含む、圧縮着火エンジンの排気ガスから有害化合物および粒状物質を除去するためのシステムが提供される。本発明は、バナジウムおよびタングステン吸着剤とアンモニア酸化触媒とを組み合わせることによって、エンジン排気ガスから粒状物質および有毒化合物（窒素酸化物を含む）の除去のためのシステムにおいて、有効量のＳＣＲ触媒としての酸化バナジウムおよび酸化タングステン、ならびにＳＣＲ反応における化学量論的量を超えるアンモニア還元剤を使用することによって引き起こされる課題を解決する。
Patent JP-2018521799-A (JP)
Title: 食品処理装置
IPC: A47J43/044
Filed: 2016-09-02
Abstract: 組み立てられた場合に、ボウル床３１上に位置合わせ部３２を有する回収ボウル３０と、回収ボウルにマウントされるとともに、位置合わせ部３２と対向する下側中央開口４１を有する分離バスケット４０と、動力伝達インタフェース５１を有する駆動ユニット５０と、食品処理アセンブリと、を有する食品処理装置１が開示される。食品処理アセンブリは、分離バスケット内の下側中央開口の直径よりも大きい最大直径を持つとともに、位置合わせ部と対向する係合部２２を有する本体２１を持つ食品処理部材２０と、食品処理部材を前記動力伝達インタフェースと係合させるためのシャフト１０であって、位置合わせ部３２と係合するとともに、下側中央開口を通じて駆動ユニットの方へ延びる上部であって、下側中央開口の直径よりも小さい最大直径を持つとともに、係合部とスライド可能に係合される上部を持つ係合部材を有するシャフトと、を有する。
Patent JP-2018529227-A (JP)
Title: 電気機械式アクチュエータを製造するための製造方法および電気機械式アクチュエータ
IPC: H01L41/047
Filed: 2016-06-16
Abstract: 本発明は、電気機械式アクチュエータ（１０）を製造するための製造方法並びに電気機械式アクチュエータ（１０）に関し、積層体（１４）として構成された電気的構成要素（１２）において、表面（２８）の予め定められた部分領域（３２）に絶縁材料（３０）が被着され、この絶縁材料（３０）の層厚さ（Ｄ）は、各部分領域の縁部（３８）に向かって連続的に減少している。
Patent JP-2018532594-A (JP)
Title: 成形体の製造方法
IPC: C22C38/38
Filed: 2016-01-14
Abstract: 【課題】成形体の製造方法に関する発明が開示される。 【解決手段】前記成形体の製造方法は、第１鋼材および第２鋼材を用意するステップと、前記第１鋼材および第２鋼材を接合して接合鋼材を製造するステップと、前記接合鋼材を９１０℃〜９５０℃に加熱するステップと、前記加熱された接合鋼材を熱間プレス成形して中間成形体を製造するステップと、前記中間成形体を冷却するステップと、を含み、前記第１鋼材は、前記第２鋼材より引張強度（ＴＳ）が高いことを特徴とする。
Patent JP-2018514464-A (JP)
Title: 車両用サンシェードデバイス
IPC: B60J3/00
Filed: 2015-05-29
Abstract: 【課題】本発明は、完全に日差しを遮蔽することができなかったり、走行中に騒音が発生したりするなどといった上述した周知のサンシェードにある問題を解決することにある。【解決手段】本発明が提供する車両用サンシェードデバイスは、固定素子と、サンシェードとを包含している。前記固定素子は、本体と、前記本体内に収容される磁石と、前記本体表面に形成するひな段部とを包含し、前記ひな段部は、第一平面と、前記第一平面に隣接する制限壁とを包含している。前記サンシェードは、遮光スクリーンと、前記遮光スクリーンに囲繞するように設置するとともに着磁することが可能なフレームとを包含し、前記サンシェードが前記ひな段部に接続すると、前記フレームは前記制限壁及び前記第一平面に当接して前記磁石の吸着を受けるとともに、前記第一平面は、前記遮光スクリーン及び前記フレームの接続箇所に対応している。【選択図】図１０Ｂ
Patent JP-2018520032-A (JP)
Title: 型枠器具
IPC: B28B7/22
Filed: 2016-05-19
Abstract: 本発明は、構造要素、特にプレハブコンクリート要素（２７、２８）、を生産するための、一組の型枠（１）用の型枠器具（５）に関するものである。一組の型枠は少なくとも２つの隔壁（５'）を有し、型枠器具（５）は２つの型枠パネル（１１）を有する。２つの型枠パネル（１１）は、広げた状態から折りたたまれた状態へ移行するために、好ましくは関節結合の形態で、互いに連結されている。個々の型枠パネル（１１）は、型枠要素（１８）を取り付けるための型枠前面（１２）と型枠後面（１３）を有し、かつ折りたたまれた状態において、２つの型枠パネル（１１）の型枠後面（１３）が互いに向き合っている。型枠器具（５）は、折りたたまれた状態において、２つの隔壁（５'）の間に位置決めされるように、設けられている。さらに、本発明は、一組の型枠（１）と少なくとも１つの本発明に係る型枠器具（５）とからなる装置に関するものであって、型枠器具（５）が一組の型枠（１）内に懸架して配置されている。
Patent JP-2018528430-A (JP)
Title: 誘導表面波から受信した電力の測定及び通知
IPC: G01R21/00
Filed: 2016-08-18
Abstract: 誘導表面波受信構造に取り付けられた電気的負荷によって消費された電力量を測定して通知するための様々な手法が開示される。誘導表面波受信構造は、テレストリアル媒体に沿って進行する誘導表面波から電気エネルギを取得するように構成されている。電気的負荷は、誘導表面波受信構造に結合されており、電気的負荷は、誘導表面波を生成する誘導表面導波プローブに結合された励起源において負荷として経験される。電力計は、電気的負荷に結合されており、電気的負荷を測定するように構成されている。