baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-597677-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production and purification of cellulose esters
IPC: C08B3/22
Filed: 1945-08-31
Abstract: A process for improving the moulding properties of organic esters of cellulose comprises extraction with an aqueous lower aliphatic alcohol of bodies which tend to produce colour on moulding.  A suitable solvent is 80-93 per cent ethyl alcohol. The temperature of extraction may be 60 DEG  C. up to the boiling point of the alcohol, but should not be high enough to fuse the ester.  The process is applicable to any of the organic esters of cellulose and in particular to cellulose acetate.  After the ester is ripened, precipitated and stabilized it is ground to a suitable degree and extracted either batchwise or continuously (e.g. in a Soxhlet type extractor.  The solvent may be changed several times during the period of the extraction.  The ripened solution of the ester may also be filtered prior to precipitation and extraction, using a filter press at about 30 DEG  C. to 60 DEG  C.  If necessary the solution may be diluted with 70-110 per cent of aqueous acetic acid of 20-50 per cent concentration to bring undissolved inorganic crystalline material (e.g. magnesium sulphate from the neutralization of the acid catalyst) into solution, and in addition filter aids such as cellulose fibres, glass fibres and diatomaceous earth may be employed.  It may be necessary to filter 2 to 5 times, but normally one filtration is sufficient.  In an example 1 part by weight of cellulose acetate prepared according to known methods and ripened to an acetyl value of 53 per cent (as acetic acid) is precipitated with a large amount of water, washed, stabilized, washed, dried, ground and extracted in a Soxhlet type extractor containing eight parts by weight of 93 per cent ethyl alcohol at 65 DEG  C. for 27 1/2 hours. Six changes of alcohol are made during the process of the extraction. A similar sample of cellulose acetate having an acetyl value of 52 per cent is diluted after ripening with 105 per cent of 40 per cent aqueous acetic acid and filtered under 120 pounds per square inch pressure through a filter dressing of 10 plies of madapolam.  After filtration it is precipitated, washed until neutral to bromthymol blue indicator, washed, centrifuged and dried.  It is then stabilized and extracted with 20 changes of 92 per cent ethyl alcohol at 55 DEG C. dried and used for moulding.
Patent GB-1219724-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for removing viscera from a carcass
IPC: A22C21/06
Filed: 1969-05-02
Abstract: 1,219,724. Removing viscera from animal carcasses. GAINESVILLE MACHINE CO. Inc. 2 May, 1969, No. 22496/69. Heading A2U.  Apparatus for removing viscera from the carcasses of animals, e.g. fowls, comprises a tube 15 having a bent end 16 cut obliquely to provide an elliptical opening 19, vacuum being communicated to the opening intermittently by means of a manually operated valve 26 whereby, upon inserting the end 16 of the tube 15 into the cavity of the carcass, the opening 19 may be positioned over e.g. the lungs of a fowl prior to opening the valve 26 whereby the lungs may be detached by a succession of short bursts of suction after which the vacuum is cut off to enable the tube to be easily withdrawn. The rounded edge 20 may be used for raking gently the interior of the cavity in the carcass during removal of the viscera. The valve 26 comprises a body 27 secured to a curved rear portion 17 of the tube 15 and containing a plunger 28 which is lifted by trigger mechanism from a seat member 30 to uncover an opening 25 in the body 27, vacuum applied at the inlet end 31 normally maintaining the plunger on the seat member. The trigger mechanism consists of a trigger lever 36 pivoted to a bracket 41 and connected by a link 35 to the plunger. A handle 45 is welded to the tube 15 and includes a finger guard 46 positioned adjacent the manually engaged portion 40 of the trigger lever.
Patent GB-1260709-A (GB)
Title: Gas burner arrangement
Inventor: PERL RICHARD L
IPC: F24C3/04
Filed: 1969-05-02
Abstract: 1,260,709. Gas burners; heat exchangers. TAPPAN CO. 2 May, 1969 [3 May, 1968], No. 22519/69. Headings F4S and F4T. An infra-red gas burner arrangement comprises a burner having a foraminous body 21 located therein, a supply line 45 for conveying gaseous fuel to the burner from a low pressure source, a mixing chamber 33, to which the fuel is delivered by the supply line, having an inlet for inspiration of air, flow communicating means between the mixing chamber 33 and one face of the foraminous body, and a pump 44 in the fuel supply line upstream of and adjacent to the mixing chamber. The pump 44 boosts the gas pressure to power the flow of the fuel-air mixture through the foraminous body 21 for combustion at its upper face, the gas pressure downstream of the pump preferably being in the range 15- 30 inches water gauge. In the embodiment of Fig. 1 the gas-air mixture, after passing through a heat exchanger, enters the burner through holes 22 in the wall 17, passes through holes 20 in the pan 16 and is burnt above the foraminous body 21, the exhaust gases flowing out, via holes 24, through the heat exchanger, to an exit tube 35. In the embodiment of Fig. 5, the gas-air mixture, comprising air which has passed through the heat exchanger and gas from an inlet at the bottom of the burner passes from a venturi past a spreader plate located below the foraminous body to the body above which it burns, the exhaust gases passing out through the heat exchanger to an exit tube. Heat exchangers.-The heat exchanger of the first embodiment, Fig. 2, comprises two series of concentric baffles. The first series forms a continuous undulating wall 36 with holes 40 and 42 located around the top and bottom respectively of each baffle portion. The baffles of the second series are concentric walls 43. Gas-air mixture follows the path shown by the unnumbered solid arrows, and is heated by the reverse flow of the exhaust gases following the path shown by the broken arrows. The heat exchanger of Fig. 5 comprises two continuous spiral strips of metal 48 and 51 joined so as to form two adjacent conduits, the one shown in solid un-numbered arrows for the incoming air, the one shown in broken arrows for the exhaust gases.
Patent GB-837498-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for distillation
Inventor: GOELDNER RICHARD W
IPC: C02F1/06
Filed: 1957-07-16
Abstract: A multi-stage evaporator 10 for evaporating and distilling salt water under vacuum comprises a feed water heater 22 and a plurality of stages, means 16 for supplying salt water to be distilled in said evaporator, a condenser 17 adapted to condense vapour emitted from the salt water in the evaporator, said feed water heater being in series connection with the <PICT:0837498/III/1> condenser and having a source of relatively constant heat input, means 25 for discharging a portion of brine withdrawn from said evaporator, means for mixing the remaining portion of the brine with salt water, and conducting said mixture through the condenser to the evaporator, a control valve 55 having means responsive to temperature in the evaporator for controlling the amount of salt water conducted through the condenser, the temperature controlled valve maintaining a relatively constant rate of production of distilled water with variable temperature of the salt water and a relatively constant heat input to the heater and means for withdrawing distilled water from the condenser.  A temperature-sensing element 54 controls the opening and closing of a valve 55 in line 16 through which sea water is introduced into the system.  Valve 55 is by-passed by a line 56 having a manually-controllable valve 57 which permits filling the system quickly on initiating the operation.
Patent GB-760925-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to oscillatory mechanical systems
IPC: B06B3/00
Filed: 1953-08-18
Abstract: 760,925. Sifting-apparatus. HUMPHREYS & GLASGOW, Ltd., and OSBORNE, C. R. Aug. 9, 1954 [Aug. 18, 1953], No. 22797/53. Class 117 A screen is oscillated by means connected thereto by a lever which is connected to the screen and a fixed support by couplings which are rigid in the direction of oscillation but resilient about axes transverse to said direction, the amplitude of movement of the screen being less than that of the oscillating means. In one embodiment a flat horizontal screen 10 is supported for vibration on four resilient I- section hangers, Fig. 2 (not shown), and is vibrated by an eccentric 24 and arm 23. The arm 23 is horizontally pivoted to a connecting piece 22 which is pivoted on a centre pin 21 connecting the two parts of an I-section beam 17. The two outer ends of beam 17 are connected to fixed supports 19 by I-section members 18, the resilient webs of which are in vertical planes. At intermediate positions, two similarly-oriented resilient I-section members 20 connect the screen 10 to the beam 17 to transmit the drive. In one modification, the beam 17 is in one piece, with parts of the web and one flange removed at the centre to leave a resilient flange section which is connected to the driving rod through a further I-section member, Fig. 3 (not shown). In a different construction a rigid beam is fixed at one end, driven at the other and the middle of the screen end is driven by an intermediate coupling member, Fig. 4 (not shown).
Patent GB-707094-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to high frequency electric discharge devices
IPC: H01J21/36
Filed: 1951-10-01
Abstract: 707,094. Thermionic valves. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Oct. 1, 1951 [Oct. 2, 1950], No. 22825/51. Class 39(1) A high frequency thermionic valve comprises a cathode, an anode, and at least two grids interposed in consecutive spaced planes alignment between the cathode and anode, each grid being formed of spaced parallel conductors, and is provided with means for adjusting during manufacture the relative orientation of the parallel conductors of the two grids to a predetermined angular displacement. In Fig. 1 the two grids 3, 4 comprise parallel wires stretched across circular apertures in cup-shaped members 8, 10, the anode 5 and cathode 2 being spaced from the cup-shaped members by annular insulators 11, 9. An annular member 27, shown in Fig. 2, having a T-shaped cross-section is hermetically sealed to the cup-member 10 and is provided with apertures 30, 31, which preferably extend over a 90 degrees angle, through which pass bolts 28, 29 which screw into the cup-shaped member 8. Thus during manufacture the grid wires may be oriented at any angle between 0 and 90 degrees,.the bolts 28, 29 then being tightened and the member 27 hermetically sealed to the cupshaped member 8. For an oscillator tube an angle of 0 degrees or 90 degrees is preferable as this gives maximum reactive coupling between the grids, the reactance being equal in magnitude at either angle but opposite in sign. For an amplifier an angle of 45 degrees is the optimum as this gives minimum coupling between the grids. The tube may be connected to or formed integrally with cylindrical resonators which may be connected between the cathode and control grid and between the screen grid and anode, as in Fig. 1. The tuning pistons may be provided with annular insulating members 24, 25 to prevent short-circuiting of the electrode potentials.
Patent GB-441704-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to voltage regulators
IPC: G05F1/52
Filed: 1934-08-07
Abstract: 441,704. Automatic control of electromotive force. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., Magnet House, Kingsway, London, and THOMPSON, J. S., c/o General Electric Co., Ltd., Wembley, Middlesex. Aug. 7, 1934, No. 22873. [Class 38 (iv)] In a source of electric supply where the voltage depends on the strength of a magnetic field excited by a current from a coil, the voltage is maintained, substantially constant by a gas discharge device which initiates a series of relaxation oscillations or causes intermittent unidirectional current flow when the output voltage differs from a predetermined value, thereby varying the average value of the current in the coil. In the application to an electric generator the field 1 is supplied from the mains 3, 4 through the potentiometer 2 and is arranged in parallel with the triode 5. The voltage of the grid 10 is dependent upon the voltage across the output connections 11, 12, an amplifier 14 being interposed. When the voltage of the grid 10 is sufficiently positive, relaxation oscillations are initiated in the circuit including the resistance 8, the part of the potentiometer in parallel with the coil 1 and the condenser 9. The intermittent discharge through the triode reduces the current through the coil 1, thus decreasing the output voltage until the relaxation oscillations are stopped by the lowering of the grid voltage. Variations of the output voltage across the connections 11, 12 are transmitted to the grid 13 of the amplifier 14 with the aid of a constant voltage discharge device 18 connected in series with a resistance 21 across an independent source 22, 23 and having a number of electrodes. The discharge device is in parallel with a potentiometer 15 connected to the positive connection 12. The anode 26 and cathode 24 are connected to electrodes 28, 17 so that any increase of potential across the output connections 11, 12 results in a decrease of voltage of the grid 13 of the amplifier. This results in an increase of voltage in the grid of the triode 5 whereby the relaxation oscillations are initiated. Instead of relaxation oscillations, intermittent D.C. may be obtained from an independent A.C. source. In a modification, the apparatus may be applied to regulate the output voltage of a supply transformer by controlling the degree of saturation of a core having a saturating winding and a winding in the primary circuit of the transformer. In a further modification, the necessity for an independent reference voltage is avoided by the use of two constant voltage devices 18 connected in parallel across the output means, the voltage of which is to be regulated. Specification 381,805 is referred to.
Patent GB-1279081-A (GB)
Title: Bedsteads
Inventor: AGNEW KENNETH MALCOLM
IPC: A47D7/02
Filed: 1968-05-14
Abstract: 1279081 Drop-side bed SOCIAL SERVICES SECRETARY STATE OF 14 Aug 1969 [14 May 1968] 22897/68 Heading A4J Both sides 30 of the bed are arranged to drop and to pivot under the mattress support, and, to avoid fouling, they are guided on rails 31, the first dropped occupying one level and switching a ramp over so that the second is stowed at a different level.
Patent GB-704699-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in smoke detecting apparatus
Inventor: HALL CYRIL CLIFFORD
IPC: G08B17/107
Filed: 1951-10-02
Abstract: 704,699. Smoke-detecting apparatus. KIDDE CO., Ltd., W. Sept. 30, 1952 [Oct. 2, 1951], No. 22911/51. Class 97(3) The apparatus comprises a casing defining a darkened chamber 1a, at least one transparent tube 4 serving as an entry means for an air sample into the chamber, observation means 6 in its casing wall for observing the air sample and a lamp 3 placed close to the transparent tube 4 outside the chamber 1a so as to illuminate smoke particles in the air sample issuing from the tube, said lamp being screened from the observation means 6. The latter as shown is a glass plate and several tubes 4 are provided, these tubes being connected to air lines 7 and passing through a light proof casing 2 containing strip lights 3. The upper ends of tubes 4 are masked by metal masks 5 or paint. Each tube may contain a flicker 9 which may be observed through a glass plate 14 by opening a hinged flap 10.
Patent GB-595457-A (GB)
Title: A continuous contact process for carrying out hydrocarbon reactions
IPC: B01J8/18
Filed: 1944-11-20
Abstract: <PICT:0595457/III/1> The conversion, particularly dehydrogenation, of hydrocarbons is effected by passing the vapours transversely through an annular bed A of finely divided catalyst, which is fluidised by the vapour current, and terminating the reaction by injecting a gaseous or liquid quenching agent into the space Q into which the reaction products emerge, from the reaction space.  The catalyst is retained between concentric foraminous cylinders 3, 5. Contaminated catalyst is withdrawn through a standpipe 40, treated in fluidised state in a regenerator 70, and returned by conduit 80.  The quenching agent is admitted by pipe 11, through a spraying device in the case of liquid.  The reaction products pass through exit 30 to a recovery plant.  The dehydrogenation of paraffins and olefins to butadiene and of ethyl benzene to styrene, and the conversion of natural gas into gasoline &c. are referred to.
Patent GB-1137317-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gas turbine installations
Inventor: JERICHA HERBERT
IPC: F02C6/10
Filed: 1967-05-18
Abstract: 1,137,317. Gas turbine plant. ELIN-UNION A. G. FœR ELEKTRISCHE INDUSTRIE. May 18, 1967, No. 23079/67. Heading F1G. A gas turbine plant comprises a gas turbine using the energy contained in the outgoing gases of a chemical process and driving a compressor which delivers combustion air to the chemical process, a heat exchanger receiving exhaust gases from the turbine, and means including a flow regulating valve for by-passing, from a point upstream of the chemical process, a part of the combustion air through the heat exchanger and then admixing the by-passed combustion air with the outgoing gases of the chemical process before entering the gas turbine. Fig. 2 shows a chemical process 2, e.g. a catalytic cracking process for the production of petrol, supplied with combustion air by a compressor 1 driven by a gas turbine 3. A part of the air delivered by the compressor is diverted through a by-pass line 7 under the control of a valve 5 and, after being heated by the turbine exhaust gases in a heat exchanger 6, joins the outgoing gases of the chamical process 2 before entering the turbine 3. The air may be additionally heated in a combustion chamber 8 by external fuels or by combustible constituents of the outgoing gases. The valve 5 is controlled hydraulically or pneumatically in dependence on the air flow sensed at 9, so that a variation of the air flow to the chemical process 2 produces a variation in the same sense of the air flow through the by-pass line 7. The resultant variation of the flow through the compressor and through the turbine causes the inlet pressure of the turbine to vary in the same sense and the delivery pressure of the compressor to vary in the opposite sense. The resultant variation in the pressure differential between the inlet and outlet of the chemical process causes the air flow through it to be maintained within narrow limits, while the mean pressure remains constant.
Patent GB-287395-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with prepayment or coinfreed electric switches
IPC: G07F15/00
Filed: 1926-12-24
Abstract: 287,395. Schattner, E. Dec. 24, 1926. Electricity, delivering otherwise than by meter and time-controlled apparatus; coin action, mechanical-connection.-Relates to a mechanism for collecting fixed charges in an electricity supply circuit of the kind comprising a prepayment switch which is closed by the insertion of a coin representing the charge and is opened by manual operation by an official. According to the invention, a tumbler switch is so disposed in relation to a movable coin shoot that the coin, while within the shoot, engages the switch to close the circuit. The coin shoot 2 is carried by a slidable rod 30 and has a gap to permit the passage of the arm 33 of a tumbler switch 34. When a coin 9 is in the shoot it fills the gap, so that, when the rod 30 is pulled against the action of a spring 36, the coin engages the arm 33 and closes the, switch. When the switch is closed, the coin has moved off a supporting table 35 and drops to the bottom of the casing 1.
Patent GB-1017468-A (GB)
Title: Pressure storage device
IPC: G05D16/20
Filed: 1964-06-04
Abstract: 1,017,468. Liquid level control. S. W. F.- SPEZIALFABRIK FUER AUTOZUBEHOER GUSTAV RAU G.m.b.H. June 4, 1964 [July 19, 1963], No. 23116/64. Heading G1H. [Also in Divisions F4,G2 and H2. A pressure storage device for the central oil supply to several burners comprises a pump 1, driven by an electric motor 2, feeding oil to a container 3 having an upper membrane wall 15 loaded by plate springs 4 bearing against a member 5 provided with pins 21, 22 of which pin 21 carries a cam follower 27, engaging a cam surface 28, and a plate 26 and the arrangement is such that a "U" shaped mercury switch 6 is tilted by the cam members 27, 28 when the liquid reaches a low level in the container 3 to bridge contacts to start the motor 2, or to break the circuit to stop the motor when the container is full. Also when the container is empty a circuit is completed to a pilot light 12 and/or an acoustic device. If the motor 2 is not stopped, when the container is full, by the switch 6 the plate 26 engages a clip 32 to tilt a further switch 7 to a position against a stop 29 in which position the circuit to motor is broken and to the circuit to the light 12 and/or acoustic device is bridged. Once the contacts are bridged a'cover of the device must be removed and a button 11 manually operated to start the device.
Patent GB-1057688-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for loading cars used for transferring building material to applicators operating to water proof inclined surfaces, for example slopes of embankments
IPC: E02B3/12
Filed: 1965-05-31
Abstract: 1,057,688. Unloading vehicles. STRABAG BAU A.G. May 31, 1965 [May 29, 1964], No. 23118/65. Heading B8E. [Also in Division E1] Apparatus for charging transfer ears (3) used for supply applicators (2) with material, which applicators are moved up and down an embankment by cables from a winch car (1) includes a bunker car (7) for said material, the bunker car being provided with an extraction conveyer (9), e.g. a worm conveyer, a conveyer belt or a scraper chain conveyer pivoted thereto about a horizontal axis (10) and about a vertical pivot (14) or ball race (15). The conveyer is raised and lowered by a cable winch (11) and an outrigger (12) on the winch car (1).