baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-721678-A (GB)
Title: Ethylene polymerization process
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1951-12-04
Abstract: Ethylene polymers are made by heating ethylene alone or in admixture with another monomer in an aqueous medium at a temperature from 10 DEG  to 150 DEG  C. and a pressure between 10 and 3000 atmosphers in the presence of an emulsifying or dispersing agent and a catalyst comprising a peroxy compound, a polyvalent metal ion in one of its lower valency states and, if desired, an additional organic reducing agent and/or tertiary butanol.  The polymerization may be effected batchwise, continuously, or semi-continuously.  Other monomers mentioned are propylene, isobutylene, styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl formate, vinyl isobutyrate, acrylic, methacrylic, itaconic, crotonic and fumaric acids and their derivatives such as esters, acid halides, amides, nitriles, e.g. vinyl cyanide, and anhydrides, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, N-vinyl amides, vinyl ethers, divinyl formal, divinyl butyral and methyl vinyl ketone.  The polyvalent metal ion in one of its lower valency states may be derived directly from heavy metal salts or by the reduction of metals or salts in situ, e.g. by the addition of a supplementary reducing agent.  Metals and salts mentioned are ferrous sulphate, iron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper and mixtures.  Supplementary reducing agents may be l-ascorbic acid, d-ascorbic acid, sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate, dihydroxy maleic acid, formamidine sulphinic acid, butyraldehyde, sorbose, fructose, glucose, sodium pyrophosphate, bisulphites, thiosulphates, benzoin, alkanolamines, and primary, secondary and tertiary amines.  Oxidizing agents mentioned are diacyl peroxides, alkyl acyl peroxides, di-t-butyl perphthalic acid, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, perbenzoic acid, di-isobutylene ozonide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, succinic acid peroxide, polyperoxides, diethyl peroxydicarbonate, pelargonyl peroxide, and potassium persulphate.  The emulsifying or dispersing agent may be the potassium or sodium salts of long chain sulphates or sulphonates, ammonium salts of perfluorocarboxylates containing 7 to 11 carbon atoms, polyethylene oxide condensates, or quaternary ammonium salts.
Patent GB-339022-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mercury vapour rectifiers
IPC: H01J13/20
Filed: 1929-09-19
Abstract: 339,022. General Electric Co., Ltd., and Ryde, J. W. Sept. 19, 1929. Metallic-vapour apparatus. - To prevent back-ignition in mercury-vapour rectifiers, an electrically conducting body such as an iron or tungsten ring 3, Fig. 1, is arranged within the anode shield 2 and set round about the anode in spaced relationship thereto, and extends downwardly in an axial direction to a point adjacent the working face of the anode without constricting or dividing the path between the cathode and the anode. The ring may be supported by steatite members 4. In a modification, a projecting arm, which forms the anode shield, is provided with grids which may be connected to, or insulated from, the arm and are formed with sector-shaped channels.
Patent GB-347567-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for measuring transparency
IPC: G01N21/86
Filed: 1930-09-23
Abstract: 347,567. Measuring transparency. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London.- (Assignees of Fitzgerald, A. S. ; 1212, Union Street, Schenectady, New York, U.S.A.) Sept. 23, 1930, No. 28464. Convention date, Sept. 25, 1929. [Class 97 (i).] For measuring the transparency of a material 2 light from a source 6 is passed to and fro through the material a number of times by means of mirrors 5 and the light which finally emerges is received by a photoelectric cell 3. The current generated in the cell is measured to indicate the transparency of the material 2. The current may be subjected to one or more stages of amplification. The mirrors may take the form shown in Fig. 5, so that the light incident on the material 2 is always normal to the surface, losses by reflection and refraction being thus minimized. The apparatus may be used for comparing the transparencies of two materials, the light being projected through each of the materials a number of times and the quantities finally emerging being compared photo-electrically.
Patent GB-408934-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of acetylene
IPC: C07C4/02
Filed: 1932-10-12
Abstract: Acetylene is obtained from gaseous, vaporized or nebulized paraffin hydrocarbons by preheating the hydrocarbons sufficiently to convert them into olefines to the extent of at least 5 per cent, and subjecting the olefine-containing products to partial combustion with free oxygen at a temperature above 1000 DEG  C. Specified starting materials are methane, natural gas, coke oven gas, cracking gases, oil distillation gases, waste gases from destructive hydrogenation processes, and vaporized or nebulized paraffinic oils and oil residues.  The temperature to which the hydrocarbons must be preheated varies with the material taken; for methane alone or gases containing it as sole hydrocarbon, a temperature of 1000--1200 DEG C. is necessary, but for gases consisting mainly or entirely of paraffins higher than butane, preheating to 400--600 DEG  C. is sufficient.  The oxygen or gas containing oxygen is preferably preheated also.  The final products may be used to preheat the starting materials, and the gases remaining after removal of the acetylene may be added as a diluent to the starting materials.  The preheating stage may be carried out in pipes made of material which does not promote the deposition of carbon, e.g. carborundum or other silicide, or steel coated with chromium or aluminium, or ceramic material having an inorganic salt glaze; both the preheating and the combustion may be effected in the presence of refractory material, e.g. in vessels lined with magnesium oxide or zirconium bricks; the combustion may also be effected in apparatus coated at the hot parts with metals obtained by the decomposition of volatile compounds such as chromyl chloride or the carbonyls of molybdenum, cobalt, iron and tungsten.  Such volatile metal compounds may also be added to the hydrocarbons in either stage or both stages of the process.  The combustion is preferably effected discontinuously with an inverted flame or by surface combustion.  The acetylene may be recovered from the products by washing with hydrocarbon oils or liquid ketones such as cyclohexanone, or the products may be directly worked up, e.g. to acetaldehyde or benzene.  In an example, a mixture consisting mainly of propane with subordinate amounts of methane, ethane and butane is preheated to about 700 DEG  C. and subjected to partial combustion with preheated oxygen; a product containing acetylene, ethylene and methane is obtained.
Patent GB-868365-A (GB)
Title: Polyoxymethylene diethers
IPC: H04B17/40
Filed: 1958-09-05
Abstract: Polyoxymethylene diethers having number average molecular weights of at least 15,000, are obtained by reacting a polyoxymethylene having 1 or 2 of its terminal valences satisfied with a hydroxyl group and a corresponding molecular weight, with a dialkyl acetal of the formula: <FORM:0868365/IV (a)/1> where Alk is an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R is hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, in an acidic reaction medium.  One part by weight of the polyoxymethylene is reacted with 2 to 1000 parts of the dialkyl acetal containing 0,005% to 5,0% by weight of a concentrated mineral acid, at 15 DEG  to 50 DEG C.  In examples polyoxymethylene is reacted with methylol and dibutoxymethane, with sulphuric acid and hydrogen chloride present.  Other acetals mentioned are acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal, propionaldehyde dibutyl acetal, methoxybutoxymethane, butyraldehyde diethyl acetal and dihexoxymethane.  Specifications 748,836, 753,299, 766,329, 766,524, 793,673 and 796,862 are referred to.
Patent GB-836517-A (GB)
Title: A spare wheel arrangement for small motor vehicles with a front door
IPC: B62D43/08
Filed: 1958-09-05
Abstract: 836,517. Vehicle bodies. BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE A. G. Sept. 5, 1958 [Sept. 18, 1957], No. 28651/58. Class 108(1) The front opening door 1 of a small passenger vehicle has a recess, formed therein for the accommodation of the spare wheel 2 which is retained in position by the clamp 3 and nut 4. The wheel is normally covered by a trim panel 5 secured by fasteners 7.
Patent GB-604474-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for forming building blocks
IPC: B28B7/18
Filed: 1945-10-30
Abstract: 604,474. Moulds for building-blocks; tamping-machines. TAYLOR, C. B. Oct. 30, 1945, No. 28665. [Class 87(ii)] An apparatus for moulding a building- block from concrete, &c., of the kind having a vertical through hole in it, the lower face having recesses along it and the upper face having ridges along it (such as is described in Specification 586,283, [Group X], comprises a moulding box 12 having side lining plates 16 and end lining plates 18, 19. The plate 18 has two vertical ridges 21 and the plate 19 has two correspondingly disposed grooves 22, the ridges being more protuberant than the grooves are deep. A manually or mechanically-operated tamping head has longitudinal ridges 37 and a loose bottom plate 23 has two correspondingly disposed grooves 24, these ridges also being more protuberant than the grooves are deep. The walls of the grooves 24 are cut away at 25 to receive the ridges 21 and are extended at 26 to enter the grooves 22 A stationary core 15 extends through a hole 28 in the bottom plate, and its top is received in a recess 38 in the tamping head. Core parts 27 on the bottom plate co-operate with the core 15 to form a central longitudinal channel on the underside of the moulded block. Ridges 29 on the bottom plate rest on a structure 30 which is raised, to eject the bottom plate and moulded block, preferably by means of a hand-operated lever mechanism. In a modification, for making corner blocks, there are two cores 15 and three core parts 27, the end wall 19 is plane, and the side wall 16 is in two parts, one of which is grooved.
Patent GB-681956-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to direction indicator devices for motor vehicles
IPC: B60Q1/42
Filed: 1950-11-23
Abstract: 681,956. Road-traffic signals on vehicles. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. Nov. 23, 1950 [Dec. 9, 1949], No. 28670/50. Class 118 (ii). A vehicle direction indicator control device comprises a housing 2 fitted on the steering column 6 immediately beneath the steering wheel and has a manual operating lever 64 (shown with handle broken off) which can be moved to either side of the neutral position illustrated to give the desired turning signal and which may be restored to neutral by the return movement of the steering wheel after completion of the turn. The lever 64 is fitted to a ring assembly 26 movably mounted on a fixed guide-plate 74 by means of the spring- loaded rollers 36, 38 and 40, the pivot pin of the roller 38 moving in slots 46. A roller 68 on lever 64 moves in an aperture 66 and limits the movement of the lever, and two detents 72 formed on an annular springy member 70 locate the lever in each of its three respective positions. The ring assembly 26 also carries two lugs 86, which cooperate with a sliding operating member 84 of a three-position switch, and two roller dogs 52 pivoted in slots 56 and urged inwardly by springs 60. The figure is a sectional underplan of the device and shows two ears 92 which depend from a ring member in frictional contact with the steering wheel boss. When the lever 64 is moved to one side operating the switch correspondingly the whole ring assembly 26 undergoes lateral movement as in Fig. 5 (not shown), and a roller dog 52 moves into the path of ears 92. Rotation of the steering wheel to effect the turn causes an ear 92 to displace the dog 52 along its slot 56 against the action of its spring 60, but on restoring the wheel the ear 92 engages the dog 52 and to clear its path moves the ring assembly back to the neutral position. Should a foreign body become lodged in the housing and prevent the relative action between ears 92 and the ring assemble the frictional resistance between the annular ring from which the ears 92 depend and the steering wheel boss is overcome and the steering wheel is not impeded; the spring-loaded action of roller 38 in slot 46 is a further precaution in this respect. Fig. 6 (not shown) illustrates a direction indicator system using the invention. Front and rear direction signalling lamps' are flashed by a thermally controlled solenoid operated current interrupter and the rear lamps may be lit steadily by operation of the brake. A pilot lamp is also provided to flash in unison with the direction signals.
Patent GB-666000-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric discharge devices
Inventor: WILLIAMBECK ARNOLD HUGH
IPC: H01J17/48
Filed: 1948-11-04
Abstract: 666,000. Discharge apparatus. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Oct. 28, 1949 [Nov. 4, 1948], No. 28672/48. Drawings to Specification. Class 39 (i). In a gas-filled, cold cathode discharge tube, particularly a sequence discharge tube in which the discharge is confined to a limited area of the cathodes, the cathode or cathodes is or are formed of a material of high thermal conductivity such as copper, aluminium or nickel, which is coated with rhodium or hard high current density chromium with an interposed "flash" coating of rhodium, the coatings reducing sputtering.
Patent GB-1027698-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to screws
IPC: F16B23/00
Filed: 1963-07-19
Abstract: 1,027,698. Screws. NIHON DORYOKU ANZENKI SEISAKUSHO KABUSHIKI KAISHA. July 19, 1963 [July 19, 1962], No. 28712/62. Heading F2H. A screw comprises a head 4 having two slots crossing in the centre of the head, one of the slots 3 being extended across the entire head.
Patent GB-962981-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric power regulators
Inventor: BOWEN TOM
IPC: H05B1/02
Filed: 1959-08-21
Abstract: 962,981. Interrupters. S. SMITH SONS (ENGLAND) Ltd. Aug. 10, 1960 [Aug. 21, 1959], No. 28728/59. Heading H2B. A regulator for the heating elements of a cooking stove comprises an actuating member arranged to be reciprocated or oscillated by a motor, so that abutments on the member actuate various contact pairs, each of which is separately adjustable. In one form, Fig. 2, the actuating member 35 is reciprocated by a cam 39 and carries abutments 33 co-operating with blades 23 of contact pairs 23, 24 in units 10. . . 13. Each blade is formed with a spiral portion 25 as in Specification 899,966, and each is adjustable by cams 21, 22, there being one of each of these cams per unit. With the cams in the position shown in unit 11, blade 23 is permanently spaced from blade 24, whereas in the position of unit 13, the blades are initially in engagement but are soon separated by the bar 35. The cams are located in these two positions by a spring 4 engaging recesses 5, 6. If the cams are rotated further counterclockwise from the position of unit 13, blades 23 and 24 are forced to the right away from the abutment 33 and thus remain closed for a longer period. In a modification, Fig. 3, each unit has only one cam 57 acting on blade 43, and the actuating member 51 has gaps 52 which straddle the contact pairs 42, 43, actuation being caused by abutment of the left-hand edge of the gaps with the blade 42 which is pushed into engagement with blade 43 for a greater or lesser time, depending upon the adjusted position of the latter.
Patent GB-1042275-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to friction welding
Inventor: BROWN ALEXANDER RICHARD
IPC: B23K20/12
Filed: 1963-07-19
Abstract: 1,042,275. Welding by pressure; making heat exchangers. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. April 20, 1964 [July 19, 1963], No. 28735/63. Headings B3A and B3R. [Also in Divisions B5 and F2] In friction welding first and second members a third member is inserted therebetween and rotated relative thereto to heat the mating surfaces of the three members to welding temperature, the rotation is stopped and increased force is applied to complete two welds. A tubular stub 3, Fig. 1 (not shown), is formed on a heat exchanger tube plate 1, a cylindrical member 11 having an annular flange is inserted into the stub and a splined mandrel 15 is engaged with grooves in the member 11. The mandrel is rotated by an electric motor and a tube 7 and stub 3 are pressed towards each other to frictionally engage the member 11 and when welding temperature is reached the mandrel is stopped and the force pressing the tube is increased to effect two welds. The cylindrical part of the member 11 may be removed by reaming, may be left in position or may be omitted. The member 11 may be a tube long enough to be rotated from the outside. Metals, plastics or ceramics may be welded and hydraulic or pneumatic rams may provide the welding forces.
Patent GB-1395438-A (GB)
Title: Electroless silver-plating solutions
IPC: G03C1/72
Filed: 1973-06-18
Abstract: 1395438 Physical developers; silver plating PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 18 June 1973 [21 June 1972]  28846/73 Headings G2C and G2X [Also in Division C7] An aqueous electroless Ag-plating solution comprises a silver salt, ammonium hydroxide as complexing agent, a reducing agent which is a watersoluble tartrate, HCHO or N 2 H 4 , and 10<SP>-7</SP> to 10<SP>-2</SP> mole/litre of an organic compound having an - SH group together with a cyclic group or a polar aliphatic group. Said organic compound may be phenylmercaptotetrazole, cysteine, thioglycolic acid or mercaptobenzothiazole, and a surfactant may be present in the solution, which may be used as a photographic developer. In Examples, photo-sensitive cellulose triacetate foil is exposed and a nuclear image produced by treatment with a solution of Hg 2 (NO 3 ) 2 , AgNO 3  and HNO 3 , and after treatment with anti-fogging solution (NH40H or a pyrophosphate) the image is intensified with various solutions as defined above. In other Examples (6) a quartz plate bearing a polyvinylaminamate photo-resist image or (5) a glass slide, each treated with SnCl 2 /HCl, or (7) glass fibre-reinforced epoxy resin coated with TiO 2  /binder, bearing a photo-resist image roughed with bichromate/H 2 SO 4  solution and treated with PdCl 2  may also be coated using the above solution.
Patent GB-152345-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to suspension insulators for electric wires and cables
IPC: H01B17/02
Filed: 1920-10-12
Abstract: 152,345. Rohde, F. Oct. 12, 1920. Screw sockets.-A suspension device is secured in an insulator 3 by a sleeve 7 having a series of spring fingers 5 which, when inserted in the insulator, are forced over the coned head of the bolt 6 by screwing up the ring 8. The sleeve has a flange or collar engaging the insulator, and has a resilient layer 11 held in position by wire or thread 10. The resilient layer is shown flattened in Fig. 3.
Patent GB-874692-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vibrating tamping road rollers
IPC: E01C19/28
Filed: 1959-08-24
Abstract: 874,692. Vibrating rollers. DOMENIGHETTI, D. Aug. 24, 1959, No. 28860/59. Class 6(1). [Also in Group XXXIV] A vibrating roller 6 is mounted on a frame 7 by means of bearings 8 surrounding pneumatic rings 9 each ring being mounted on a rim 10 in which the shaft 11 rotates. Two pneumatic rings 15 are rotatably mounted on a frame 12 and are in contact with the roller.
Patent GB-519001-A (GB)
Title: Metal base for electric discharge tubes
IPC: H01J5/40
Filed: 1938-10-05
Abstract: 519,001. Uniting metal to vitreous material. EGYESULT IZZOLAMPA ES VILLAMOSSAGI RESZVENYTARSASAG. Oct. 5, 1938, No. 28886. Convention date, Oct. 5, 1937. [Class 36] Relates to a metal base for electric discharge tubes, especially tubes with metal bulbs, wherein leads 2 with vitreous insulators 3 pass through and are sealed to, sheaths 4 projecting from, and of the same material as, the base 1, the thickness of the sheaths where in contact with the insulators being at most half the thickness of the base, and a glass pump tube 6 being sealed to the base, and consists in the pump being sealed on to a sheath 5 projecting from, and of the same material as, the base, the sheath, where it contacts the pump tube, having a thickness at most half that of the base, the wall of the sheath 5 being covered both outside and inside by the material of the pump tube. The sheaths may be welded &c. to the base or formed therefrom by a drawing process. The sheaths may have tapered walls, or be conical, or both. Suitable dimensions are given.
Patent GB-1484021-A (GB)
Title: Plug cocks
IPC: F16K35/02
Filed: 1975-08-11
Abstract: 1484021 Valves ARMITAGE SHANKS GROUP Ltd 11 Aug 1975 [29 June 1974] 28965/74 Heading F2V In a rotary gas cock the handle 28 must be depressed to move a lateral pin 26, which extends through holes 34 in the handle and between the bifurcations 20 on the plug, out of the extensions 40 of the slots 36 in the body before the plug can be rotated from the closed to an open position. A coloured ring 38 in a groove 32 hides the ends of the pin 26. In a modification the handle comprises an inner part embracing the bifurcations 20 and carrying the lateral pin and an outer part with a depending skirt joined by a non-rotatable connection to the inner part.
Patent GB-1185242-A (GB)
Title: Polymer Deposition process and product
Inventor: ROSE HENRY JACOB
IPC: C08F291/00
Filed: 1967-06-23
Abstract: 1,185,242. Graft polymers. TEE-PAK Inc. 23 June, 1967, No. 29011/67. Heading C3G. A polymer of at least gelatinous solidity is treated with a first material to fix said material within the polymer by ion exchange, treated with a second material which forms a coordination complex with said first material and provides at least part of a catalyst for effecting polymerization of an olefinic monomer and then treated with said monomer and anything additional required to render the second material catalytically active, whereby said monomer is polymerized within the last polymer. The first material is preferably a salt of a polyvalent metal, copper, silver or gold. In preferred embodiments, a metal cation introduced into the last polymer is complexed with, e.g. hydrazine or ammonia to form the reducing component of a redox catalyst, the oxidizing component being added subsequently to effect the polymerization or, alternatively, the oxidizing component, e.g. H 2 O 2  is complexed with the metal cation and the reducing component is added separately. In the examples, cotton linters or wood pulp are treated with a salt of Cd, Fe (ferrous or ferric), A1, Cu, Ni, Co or Ag, the metal ions are complexed with hydrazine and/or ammonia and the resulting fibres or pulp are grafted in an aqueous slurry containing H 2 O 2  with methyl, ethyl, isobutyl or lauryl methacrylate; styrene; acrylonitrile; vinyl acetate; acrylamide; acrolein or ethyl acrylate. In Examples 87 and 88, wood pulp is treated with an aluminium salt, and the ions introduced are complexed with H 2 O 2  prior to grafting of the pulp in an aqueous slurry with methyl methacrylate or styrene in the presence of hydrazine. Other embodiments disclosed include polyethylene films having polymethyl methacrylate deposited on their surface, wood containing a deposited polymer derived from pentachlorophenyl acrylate, cellulose films modified by deposition of a basic polymer followed by dyeing with an acid dye and vice versa.