Patent GB-405984-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in lamp shades and process of and means for making the same
IPC: F21V1/26
Filed: 1932-08-03
Abstract: 405,984. Lamp shades. HAWLEY, J. B., 200, East Batavia Road, Geneva, Illinois, U.S.A. Aug. 3, 1932, No. 21817. [Class 75 (ii).] A lamp shade comprises a seamless piece of fibrous material made up of accreted fibres. It may include one or more frame members which may be secured to the shade or incorporated in the shade during the accretion process. Such lamp shades are produced by the formation of a layer of fibrous accretions on a porous former from a fibrous bath, a lampshade frame member being juxtaposed with the former and fibrous material being deposited from the bath over the surface of the former and around the frame member. The shade may be open at the crown, in which case a ring connected to a central ring by radial rods is moulded in, or fastened by passe-partout to, the shade adjacent the opening in the crown, and a ring is similarly moulded in or attached adjacent to the base opening. When the rings are moulded in, the exterior bead effect may be overcome by depositing additional fibrous material between the beads. The shade may be of greater thickness at the bottom than at the top. The shade blank may be made without any exterior beads, by moulding in the frame members internally. If the shade is closed at the crown, the lower ring only is moulded in, and is provided with rods connected to a centre ring. Such a frame member 72, 75, 76, is shown in Fig. 2, attached in that case by passe-partout 74 to the shade. The shade blank after drying is decorated by painting or other means, and treated with oil, lacquer, parchment oil, or the like to make it transparent or translucent. The oil, &c. may be coloured to produce streaked or mottled effects. The shades may be formed with layers of two colours by successive deposition in baths of different colours. A design may be impressed on the shade, by placing a piece of lace or the like on the former before deposition, and removing it after deposition. Or, after the usual deposition, the design may be placed on the blank and a rubber sheet stretched over it. Or a half-layer may be deposited, a non-porous design piece, e.g., of metal or celluloid, placed on it, deposition completed, and the design piece removed. The impression may be obtained after full deposition by compressing the design piece onto the blank by suction. A coloured design piece of similar material to that of the blank may be placed on the blank after almost full deposition, the blank lowered again into the bath, and further suction applied to cause interlacing of fibres. The thickness of the design piece prevents accretion of more than a thin layer of fibres on its own surface. An ornamental piece of material, such as silk or similar textile material, may be placed on the blank after half deposition, and deposition completed, so that the ornamental piece is embedded in the blank. The design piece may be placed on the former first, so that it is on the inside of the shade. Watermarking may be effected by drawing a rubber sheet carrying the design onto the blank. For deeper impression, the blank is placed on a male suction die, and a hot female die placed on it. This die has an opening for a design die, which is pressed on. Raised figures may be formed on the shade by using Sheffield moulds, comprising a plurality of thin plates slightly spaced apart by spacers, on the former.