Patent GB-497185-A (GB)
Title: Stratiform structures, impervious to liquids
IPC: B29C70/68
Filed: 1938-03-14
Abstract: Stratiform structures, impervious to liquids, such as containers, pipes, floors and the like, having surfaces resistant p  to mechanical and chemical attack, consist of a layer of a rubbercement mixture, a layer above it of rubber, or a mixture high in rubber, for example rubber latex, or a mixture of a rubber dispersion, preferably applied by spraying; and an outer coating, which may be jointless, secured to the latter layer, and formed of material other than rubber, such as artificial resin, glass, or ceramic plates.  The rubber-cement mixture is formed of a mixture of an aqueous rubber dispersion, for example rubber latex, and cement, preferably aluminous cement, and may contain usual additions such as vulcanizing agents, fillers, and dispersing agents.  The laminated structure may be used as a coating for supports, such as iron containers, in which case the rubber-cement mixture may be applied in two or more layers, that in contact with the iron having a high proportion of cement and succeeding layers successively lower proportions.  Alternatively, the laminated structure may be employed without a support, in which case the rubber-cement layer may be reinforced.  An external protective layer, for example of rubber or tiles, may be applied.  In one example, the inner surface of an iron tank is coated with a layer about 1 to 2 mm. thick of a rubber latex-cement mixture formed of stated proportions of the rubber latex concentrate known under the Registered Trade Mark "Revertex," sulphur, zinc oxide, the vulcanization accelerator known under the Registered Trade Mark "Vulkacit," aqueous casein solution, alumina cement and quartz powder.  After drying, a second layer of about 5 mm. thickness is applied consisting of the same composition, but with a lower percentage of cement and a proportion of activated carbon.  After standing, a third layer of about 0,5 to 1 mm. thick is sprayed on of a mixture compound of the same constituents as the second, but with a still lower proportion of cement and an addition of ground shale. After drying, a layer of soft rubber about 1 mm. thick is applied by spraying a mixture of "Revertex" Bentonite suspension, zinc oxide, sulphur, "Vulkacit" accelerator, casein solution, and an aqueous mineral oil suspension.  After again drying, the temperature being raised for the last eight hours to effect vulcanization, the structure is covered with ceramic tiles attached by an artificial resin cement.  In a modification, two layers of rubber-latex cement mixture are employed, after which a rubber coating is applied as before.  Finally, a layer about 5 mm. thick of a cold-hardening artificial resin mixture is applied, consisting for example of liquid phenolformaldehyde resin, sand, quartz powder and a hardening accelerator, for example ethyl sulphuric acid.  A floor may be covered with a similar suspension of layers, the vulcanization being carried out, for example, by treatment with warm rollers or at normal temperatures by allowing sufficient time.ALSO:Stratiform structures, impervious to liquids, such as containers, pipes, floors and the like, having surfaces resistant to mechanical and chemical attack, consist of a layer of a rubber-cement mixture; a layer above it of rubber, or a mixture high in rubber, for example rubber latex, or a mixture of a rubber dispersion, preferably applied by spraying; and an outer coating which may be jointless, secured to the latter layer, and formed of material other than rubber, such as artificial resin. In the case of a tank, the outer coating may consist of a layer about 5 mm. thick of a cold-hardening artificial resin mixture consisting, for example of liquid phenol-formaldehyde resin, sand, quartz powder and a hardening accelerator, for example ethyl sulphuric acid.ALSO:Stratiform structures, impervious to liquids, such as containers, pipes, floors and the like, having surfaces resistant to mechanical and chemical attack, consist of a layer of a rubber-cement mixture; a layer above it of rubber, or a mixture high in rubber, for example rubber latex, or a mixture of a rubber dispersion, preferably applied to spraying; and an outer coating, which may be jointless, secured to the latter layer, and formed of material other than rubber, such as artificial resin, glass, or ceramic plates.  The rubber-cement mixture is formed of a mixture of an aqueous rubber dispersion, for example rubber latex, and cement, preferably aluminous cement, and may contain usual additions such as vulcanizing agents, fillers, and dispersing agents.  The laminated structure may be used as a coating for supports, such as iron containers, in which case the rubber-cement mixture may be applied in two or more layers, that in contact with the iron having a high proportion of cement and succeeding layers successively lower proportions.  Alternatively, the laminated structure may be employed without a support, in which case the rubber-cement layer may be reinforced.  An external protective layer, for example of rubber or tiles, may be applied.  In one example, the inner surface of an iron tank is coated with a layer about 1 to 2 mm. thick of a rubber latex-cement mixture formed of stated proportions of the rubber latex concentrate known under the Registered Trade Mark "Revertex," sulphur, zinc oxide, the vulcanization accelerator known under the Registered Trade Mark "Vulkacit," aqueous casein solution, alumina cement and quartz powder.  After drying, a second layer of about 5 mm. thickness is applied consisting of the same composition, but with a lower percentage of cement and a proportion of activated carbon.  After standing a third layer of about 0,5 to 1 mm. thick is sprayed on of a mixture compound of the same constituents as the second but with a still lower proportion of cement and an addition of ground shale. After drying, a layer of soft rubber about 1 mm. thick is applied by spraying a mixture of "Revertex" Bentonite suspension, zinc oxide, sulphur, "Vulkacit" accelerator, casein solution, and an aqueous mineral oil suspension.  After again drying, the temperature being raised for the last eight hours to effect vulcanization, the structure is covered with ceramic tiles attached by an artificial resin cement.  In a modification, two layers of rubber-latex cement mixture are employed, after which a rubber coating is applied as before.  Finally a layer about 5 mm. thick of a cold-hardening artificial resin mixture is applied, consisting for example of liquid phenol-formaldehyde resin, sand quartz powder and a hardening accelerator for example ethyl sulphuric acid.  A floor may be covered with a similar succession of layers, the vulcanization being carried out, for example, by treatment with warm rollers or at normal temperatures by allowing sufficient time.