baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FR-2471789-B1 (FR)
IPC: A61N1/36
Filed: 1979-12-18
Granted: 1985-03-08
Abstract: 1. A polyvalent implantable cadiac pacemaker (1) with external control means, comprising in combination an electricity conducting case (3) adapted to constitute one terminal of an excitation tripole (T) which comprises three terminals (Tb, Tea, Teb) ; an electrical power source (4) disposed in the case ; electronic circuits and components (5) likewise disposed in the case, associated with the electrical power supply, adapted to deliver stimulation pulses to the heart of the patient receiving the pacemaker, comprising an input amplifier (11) and an output amplifier (12), switching means (15) controlled by external control means (16) for passing from one possible mode of operation of the pacemaker to another possible mode of stimulation, two outputs (6a, 6b) associated with the electronic circuits and components with which two stimulation electrodes (8a, 8b) can be associated comprising two other terminals of the excitation tripole, the input amplifier (11) and the output amplifier (12) defining an output quadripole (Q) with four terminals (Qsa, Qsb, Qea and Qed), the switching means (15) being interposed between the output quadripole (Q) and the excitation tripole (T), adapted to allow a plurality of junction combinations between the quadripole (Q) and the tripole (T) characterized in that the switching means (15) comprise twelve switches (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, K8, K9, K10, K11, K12) providing, with the aid of the electrical connection means (17), various combinations of possible electrical connections between the four terminals (Qsa, Qsb, Qea and Qed) of the tripole (Q) and the three terminals (Tb, Tea and Teb) of the tripole (T), so as to allow, by acting on the control means (16), to select the operation of the pace-maker from the monopolar or bipolar modes, or monopolar double, or double monopolar, or ventricular bifocal.
Patent FR-2555044-B1 (FR)
IPC: A61F5/44
Filed: 1983-11-21
Granted: 1988-08-26
Abstract: 1. A system for the incontinent comprising a pair of knickers or briefs (1), at least the lower part of which is made of waterproof material fitting the wearer in sealing-tight relationship and having at the lower part a draining zone (2) to which there is fitted a flexible drainage tube (4) connected to a retaining bag (9) via an electrical pump (6), and comprising a low-voltage d.c. supply characterised in that the system also comprises of support (13) adapted to be permanently worn by the wearer, said support (13) carrying a box (12) which houses the pump and the low-voltage d.c. supply and also the retaining bag (9), and in that a pump triggering delay circuit is provided which is fed by the current supply and comprises triggering means responding to the liquid, said means being disposed near the draining zone (2) and being connected to said circuit by flexible leads.
Patent FR-2565396-B1 (FR)
Inventor: LEROY CLAUDE
IPC: G21C7/26
Filed: 1984-05-30
Granted: 1989-06-30
Abstract: For operating a PWR with spectral shift during all combustion cycles and with undermoderation during some cycles only, the reactor structure is designed for receiving either one of two types of fuel assemblies, having the same geometry. All fuel assemblies have guide tubes for receiving spectral shift clusters containing fissile material but with different elements bundles so as to be able to choose the type of operation.
Patent FR-2584801-B1 (FR)
Inventor: RODIE-TALBERE HENRI
IPC: F24J3/00
Filed: 1985-07-10
Granted: 1990-06-15
Abstract: 1. A heat pumping device operating with the external surroundings between two temperature levels, the device comprising a heat pump (1, 10) adapted to operate between two predetermined temperature levels and a trithermal heat thermodynamic transformer (2, 30) in which an energy flux flows and which has three energy exchange points at three different temperature levels (LT, MT, HT), the heat pump (1, 10) being connected between the three exchange points of the transformer (2, 30) to cause the device to operate with a temperature difference which differs from that of the heat pump (1, 10), characterized in that the transformer (2, 30) is of the turbocompressor type comprising a receiving part (31) driven by a driving part (32), the connecting points of the tubes of the receiving and driving parts being connected to so form the three exchange points (LT, MT, HT) that either the intake of the receiving part (31) is connected directly to the inlet of the driving part (32), or the outlet of the receiving part (31) is connected directly to the outlet of the driving part (32).
Patent FR-2600695-B1 (FR)
Inventor: HERWEGH NORBERT
IPC: E04B2/90
Filed: 1986-06-27
Granted: 1991-03-15
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FR87/00258 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 28, 1989 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 28, 1989 PCT Filed Jul. 1, 1987 PCT Pub. No. WO89/00222 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 12, 1989.A panel of curtain wall with an air-tight system, which is placed in position before the panel is installed, has an outer air-tight barrier and an inner air-tight barrier, one of which consists of a U-shaped profile with asymmetrical lips, the shorter lip being on the outside of two adjacent sides of the panel, the longer lip being on the outside on the other two sides.
Patent FR-2617460-B1 (FR)
Inventor: RAVEROT HENRY
IPC: B65B53/00
Filed: 1987-07-02
Granted: 1989-11-10
Abstract: A roll (3) whose two ends (3b, 3c) are conical for returning a film (1a) of prestretched plastic material, permitting adjustment of the final width (l) of the film and the production of reinforced edges (4a, 4b).
Patent FR-2655545-B1 (FR)
Inventor: MICHEL ROSENHEIM
IPC: A61K31/535
Filed: 1989-12-11
Granted: 1994-06-10
Abstract: Application of fluoroqinolone derivatives of general formula (I) is taught, in which R1 is alkyl (1 to 4C), fluoroethyl, cyclopropyl or difluorophenyl, R2,R3 and R4 are identical or different and represent hydrogen atoms or methyl radicals, X is N or a group =CR6 in which R6 is a hydrogen or fluorine atom, or alternatively R6 with R1 and the atoms to which they are attached forms a six-membered heterocycle substituted with a methyl radical and containing an oxygen atom, and R5 is a hydrogen atom, or represents an amino radical if R6 is a fluorine atom, as well as of their salts, for obtaining a medicinal product intended for the preventive and/or curative treatment of pneumocystosis. (I)
Patent FR-2666485-B1 (FR)
IPC: A01B59/048
Filed: 1990-09-07
Granted: 1994-05-13
Abstract: Device intended for attaching an implement by means of its forecarriage (4) to the three-point linkage of a tractor (T), comprising two lower (3) and one upper (6) attachment points on said forecarriage (4) and on a bracket (7) substantially perpendicular to the latter, of the type in which said bracket (7) is in two, front (70) and rear (71), parts, the front part (70) carrying the upper attachment point (6) and the rear part (71) being fixed to the forecarriage (4) of the implement and carrying the lower attachment points (3), characterised in that said parts (70, 71) are moveable relative to one another in translational motion in the vertical direction, with vertical plane faces (72, 73) facing towards the front of said front part (70) and bearing against upper and lower rollers (8, 9) mounted freely rotatably on a longitudinal vertical face (74) of the rear part (71) of the bracket (7) and in that said parts (70, 71) are moveable in rotation relative to one another about a fixed point formed by the lower roller (9) after the retraction of the upper roller (8).
Patent FR-2674290-B1 (FR)
Inventor: REMI GUILLET
IPC: F02C3/30
Filed: 1991-03-18
Granted: 1993-07-09
Abstract: The system comprises at least one combustion chamber, an expansion turbine, an air compressor driven by the expansion turbine, and means for coupling the expansion turbine to at least one external receiver of mechanical energy. The system further includes means for injecting water to constitute a thermal ballast in the combustion chamber, the quantity of compressed air used remaining close to the quantity of oxidizing air required for stoichiometric combustion. These additional water injection means comprise: a) a mass and heat exchanger for exchanging mass and heat between the combustion products from a condensation recuperator placed on the path of the exhaust gases from the expansion turbine and incoming atmospheric air to enable the air to be pre-moistened prior to entering the compressor; and b) devices for injecting steam and liquid water between the outlet from the air compressor and the inlet to the burner, or into the combustion chamber after the combustion zone and before the first blades of the expansion turbine, the injected steam being produced by a steam recuperator-generator-superheater disposed on the exhaust gases immediately after they leave the expansion turbine, and the liquid water being obtained by recycling the condensed water produced in the condensation recuperator.
Patent FR-2678872-B1 (FR)
IPC: E01F15/00
Filed: 1991-07-11
Granted: 1993-10-01
Abstract: This device comprises at least one rectilinear longitudinal guiding track (4) for the delimiting elements (15), which track is equipped with support means (5) on which the elements (15) rest via their base, which can be plane or recessed, without dismantling the safety or delimiting equipment fixed to the upper face of the elements (15), and with means (6) for laterally guiding the elements (15), this guiding track, which is directed generally longitudinally with respect to the vehicle, being combined with means for adjusting the angle which it forms with the alignment of the delimiting elements to be moved, and being equipped, at its two ends, with two beaks (8) protruding from the vehicle, each inclined from the top downwards and from the guiding track towards the free end of the beak, used for successively bringing the elements up onto the guiding track and then for setting them down onto the road, each beak (8) being mounted so as to pivot on the vehicle about a vertical pin (9) and being lockable in the desired position, which corresponds substantially with the axis of the alignment of the delimiting elements to be moved or having just been moved.
Patent FR-2685803-B1 (FR)
IPC: G10C3/00
Filed: 1991-12-26
Granted: 1994-03-25
Abstract: Support for the arms and hands of the user of a keyboard, drawing, knitting instrument or apparatus, of the type comprising anatomical concave supports for each arm and each hand, characterized in that each support is arranged on a corresponding carriage (2) displaceably mounted by rolling or sliding on a horizontal plane (1, 1A) and intended to be held parallel with respect to a keyboard, by supporting means, and in that pivoting means (14)/(14)-(15)/(23) are provided between the anatomical supports (3, 4, 5) and the carriage (2), as well asmeans for limiting the antero-posterior and linear motions of the carriage (2).
Patent FR-2703571-B1 (FR)
Inventor: VANDROMME MICHEL
IPC: E05F5/00
Filed: 1993-04-06
Granted: 1995-05-24
Abstract: This is a box comprising a case (4) with its lid (6) with hinge (20, 22), means (14, 30, 58) for controlling the opening of the lid (6), and means (62, 64, 66, 68) for damping the opening movement of the said lid, these means comprising at least one substantially elastically compressible means (62, 64), such as a block of foam and/or a flexing spring, arranged in the box to act during the essential part of the opening travel of the lid by absorbing the energy communicated to the latter in order for it to open. Application, in particular, to powder compacts or make-up boxes.
Patent FR-2723964-B1 (FR)
Inventor: SARDOY VERONIQUE
IPC: C22C38/00
Filed: 1994-08-29
Granted: 1997-03-14
Abstract: A mild steel is treated by degassing under a vacuum to reduce the carbon content to below 80 ppm, pref. below 40 ppm followed by blowing in nitrogen up to a level of 80-140 ppm.
Patent FR-2736642-B1 (FR)
Inventor: AVRAMEAS STRATIS
IPC: A61K47/48
Filed: 1995-07-10
Granted: 1997-09-12
Abstract: A method of transferring a biologically active principle of interest into a cell by coupling an antibody or a fragment of an antibody, which recognizes an epitope contained in a nucleic acid, with the biologically active principle, to form a coupled biologically active principle; and incubating the coupled biologically active principle, which is transferred through the cell membrane and into the cell, with the cell.
Patent FR-2742775-B1 (FR)
Inventor: DELPY JEAN MARIE
IPC: E01B31/17
Filed: 1995-12-20
Granted: 1998-02-13
Abstract: The tool consists of a frame which fits over the rail on both sides of the area to be machined. A mobile assembly has rollers to follow the shape of the rail's head. Series of transverse semi-circular guides (18a,18b,18c) for rollers (19a,19b,19c) ensure that the tool's grinding wheel (16c) meets the rail perpendicular to a tangent to its point of contact in any position. The guide rollers are set in a triangular configuration on a roller carrier connected to the grinding wheel. The summit of the triangle is situated on a vertical axis coinciding with that of the tool when the point of contact coincides with the median plane, while its other two points are equidistant from it. The follower roller is connected to the guide roller carrier by a spring to adjust to rails of different sizes.
Patent FR-2765033-B1 (FR)
Inventor: CHAILLOT GEORGES
IPC: H01R13/115
Filed: 1997-06-24
Granted: 1999-08-06
Abstract: Contact terminal (1) provided with a rear part (2), for connection to an electrical wire (3), and with a front part for receiving a complementary pin contact (4), the contact terminal being provided with at least one cantilevered resilient contacting blade (5, 6), for which the front part is formed into a cage having a bottom (7), a first side (8) extended by a top (9) and a second side (10), the top, a single flank (11) being folded in order to follow, in succession, the internal faces of the top, of the first side and of the bottom, the folded flank carrying the resilient blade.
Patent FR-2786655-B1 (FR)
IPC: H01L25/18
Filed: 1998-11-27
Granted: 2001-11-23
Abstract: A power electronic device (1) comprises a conducting base (2) with first planar semi-conducting circuits layout comprising diodes (4) and IGBT (6) with contacts (12,14,16). The device also comprises a second planar semi-conducting circuits layout (104,106), the two layouts are separated by a planar conducting network (18,28A,28B) comprising at least one electrically conducting bar (20) also serving for heat dissipation, connecting contacts (12,16) of the circuits (4,6). The bar carries the circuits (104,106). At least one conducting element (28A,28B) which is electrically insulated from the bar and contained within the bar, is connected to other contacts (14) of the circuits (4,6) of the first layout.
Patent HU-223346-B1 (HU)
Title: Method for fixing an article on a support, and fixing accessory for implementing said method
Inventor: LE BIHAN LOIC
IPC: F16L3/137
Filed: 1999-11-25
Abstract: The invention concerns a fixing accessory comprising a bore (15) for passing through a particular fixing member. The invention is characterised in that to enable the use of a tool for driving through it such a fixing member, said fixing accessory (12) has, overhanging its bore (15), at least two engaging lips (23), each extending substantially transversely relative to the axis of said bore (15), and by which it is designed to be mounted releasable on the tubular nozzle usually fitted on said tool. The invention is, for example, useful for fixing a wireway base or a clamping ring on a wall.
Patent HU-226035-B1 (HU)
Title: Needleless syringe operating with an impact wave generator through a wall
Inventor: ALEXANDRE PATRICK
IPC: A61M5/20
Filed: 2000-06-30
Abstract: The technical field of the invention is that of needleless syringes used for intradermal, subcutaneous or intramuscular injections of active principle for therapeutic purposes. More particularly, the invention concerns a needleless syringe ( 10 ) comprising a propelling system, the active principle and an application guide ( 8 ), mainly characterised in that the propelling system consists of an impact wave generating device ( 3 ) and the active principle is arranged in at least a blind cavity ( 7 ) of the downstream surface ( 6 ) of a barrier ( 4 ) extended by the application guide ( 8 ). Thus, the active principle is expelled in the form of streamlined jets, driven at very high speed.
Patent HU-220673-B1 (HU)
Title: Phosphate salt of (3s)-(+)-n,n-dimethyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)-propanamine and process for production itself
Inventor: BERGLUND RICHARD ALAN
IPC: C07C63/08
Filed: 1994-10-11
Abstract: Prepn. of S-(+)-N,N-dimethyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-(2- thienyl)-propanamine (I) comprises reacting (S)-(-)-N,N- dimethyl-3-(2-thienyl)-3-hydroxy-propanamine (II) with sodium hydride, potassium benzoate or acetate and 1-fluoro-naphthalene (III) in an organic solvent. (II) and NaH are dissolved in the solvent, the potassium cpd. is added with stirring, then (III) is added with stirring. (I) is isolated as the phosphoric acid salt. Typically the solvent is DMSO, the use amt. of NaH is 1 equiv/equiv. (II), the use amt. of potassium cpd. is 0.05-1 equiv./equiv. (II) and stirring is at 10-35 [deg] C for 5-60 min. Use amt. of (III) is 1-25% excess and stirring is at 40-75 [deg] C for 1.5-4 hrs.
Patent HU-225024-B1 (HU)
Title: Process for producing arylamides of heteroaromatic acides
Inventor: RODUIT JEAN-PAUL DR
IPC: C07D241/24
Filed: 1997-03-27
Abstract: Production of amides of formula Q-CO-NR6R7 (I) comprises reacting Q-X with CO and HNR6R7 in the presence of a base and a palladium complex of a diphosphine of formula R8R9P(CH2)nPR10R11; Q = a 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl or 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl group with one C atom substituted by OR and the other C atoms optionally substituted by 1-4C alkyl or aryl; R = optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl; X = Cl, Br or I; R6 = H or 1-4C alkyl; R7 = optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl; R8-R11 = optionally substituted phenyl; n = 3 or 4. Also claimed is a process as above where Q-X is prepared by reacting Q'-X with ROH, where Q' = a 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl or 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl group with one C atom substituted by Cl, Br or I and the other C atoms optionally substituted by 1-4C alkyl or aryl.
Patent HU-227725-B1 (HU)
Title: A woven carbon fiber fabric, a fiber reinforced plastic molding obtained by using the woven fabric, and a production method of the molding
Inventor: HOMMA KIYOSHI
IPC: B29K105/06
Filed: 1998-08-03
Abstract: A woven carbon fiber fabric, characterized in that many carbon fiber yarns respectively comprising about 40,000 to about 400,000 carbon filaments and having filament interlacements between the respective filaments are arranged. 
     It is preferable that the hook drop value of the carbon fiber yarns is in a range of about 2 to about 30 cm and the fineness of each of the carbon fiber yarns is in a range of about 25,000 to about 350,000 deniers. 
     It is preferable that the bulk density of the woven carbon fiber fabric is less than about 0.65 g/cm 3 , and that the areal unit weight of the carbon fibers is in a range of about 400 to about 700 g/m 2
Patent HU-222548-B1 (HU)
Inventor: GENGO TADASHI
IPC: F23C5/00
Filed: 1998-10-14
Abstract: A találmány tárgya égetőberendezés négyszög keresztmetszetű tűztérrelés a tűztér falain elhelyezett, lángot képező égőkkel. Az égők úgyvannak elhelyezve, hogy az égőknek a befecskendezett tüzelőanyag vagyégési levegő, vagy mind a tüzelőanyag, mind az égési levegőbefecskendezési irányába eső tengelyvonala a tűztérben képzeletbelikört érint. A találmány lényege, hogy a tűztér (1) mindegyik falán (2,3, 4, 5) van égő (6) elhelyezve oly módon, hogy az égő (6)befecskendezési irányba eső tengelyvonala (9) és a tűztér (1) falánakmetszéspontja, valamint a tűztér (1) égőhöz közelebb eső belső sarka(10) közötti hossz (L1) kisebb a tűztér (1) belső szélessége (L) 25%-ánál. ŕ
Patent HU-223524-B1 (HU)
Inventor: FLAMMANT PHILIPPE
IPC: A01H5/10
Filed: 1999-07-01
Abstract: A találmány tárgya LIMRPA267 fajtanevű beltenyésztett kukoricavonal. Anövényre az jellemző, hogy a levéllemez és a szár által bezárt szögkicsi, a levéllemez állása a cső felett kissé görbe, a hímvirágzásidőpontja közepestől későiig, a címer-kalászkapelyvák alapjánakantociános színeződése közepes, a kalászkapelyvák antociánosszíneződése alap nélkül gyenge–közepes, a portok antociánosszíneződése friss portokon gyenge, a főtengely kalászkáinak tömöttségeközepes, a főtengely és az oldalágak közötti szög közepes, azoldalágak állása kissé görbe, elsőrendű elágazások száma kevés, csövöna bibe megjelenésének ideje közepestől későiig, a bibe antociánosszíneződést mutat, a bibe antociános színeződésének intenzitása nagyongyenge–gyenge, a levélhüvely antociános színeződése hiányzik vagynagyon gyenge, a címer legalsó oldalág feletti főtengelyhosszaközepes, a legfelső oldalág feletti főtengelyhossza közepes, a növénymagassága a címerrel együtt alacsony–közepes, a főcsőeredésmagasságának viszonya a növénymagassághoz közepes–nagy, a csőkocsányhossza közepes–hosszú, a cső hossza közepes–hosszú, a cső vastag,alakja kúpos–hengeres, a szemsorok száma közepes, a szem típusa a csőközépső harmadában lófogú, a szemkorona színe sárga, a szemhátoldalának színe narancs, a csutka antociános színeződése jelen van,a csutka antociános színeződésének intenzitása közepes–erős. ŕ
Patent JP-2928212-B1 (JP)
Title: 表示付き無線選択呼出受信機
IPC: H04W88/02
Filed: 1998-02-18
Granted: 1999-08-03
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  最新メッセージの受信及び表示時に最新メッ セージであることを携帯者に判らせることが可能な表示 付き無線選択呼出受信機を提供する。
【解決手段】  制御部４はＲＡＭ６に格納されているメ ッセージデータを読取って表示部８に表示する。カウン タ１７は携帯者が連続してメッセージを読取っている時 に、何番目のメッセージまで読んだかをカウントする。 メッセージの読取り中に新たなメッセージを受信する と、制御部４は最新メッセージをそれまでのメッセージ の表示に割りこませて表示部８に他のメッセージと差別 化されて表示し、最新メッセージの表示が終了すると、 カウンタ１７のカウンタ値に基づいて最新メッセージの 表示前に見ていたメッセージを表示するように制御す る。
Patent JP-2875246-B1 (JP)
Title: 木造建物の柱固定装置
IPC: E02D27/00
Filed: 1998-02-26
Granted: 1999-03-31
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  柱を強固に固定でき、斬新な構造の柱固定装 置を提供する。
【解決手段】  基礎コンクリートＢｃ上に載置した柱受 盤１上に柱Ｐを立設し、該柱Ｐと前記柱受盤１立設した 接続片４を横方向に重合させて固定杆８で互いに止着す る。前記柱受盤１の両側に突設した一対の受杆２，２の 適所に、押え片５の両端を載置する。また、前記基礎コ ンクリートＢｃに立設して前記押え片５を貫通させたア ンカーボルトａに第一締付けナット１０を螺合して前記 押え片５を前記基礎コンクリートＢｃに締付けると共 に、このアンカーボルトａを、前記基礎コンクリートＢ ｃに前記受杆２乃至前記押え片５を介して載置した土台 ｂに貫通させ、土台より突出するボルト先端に第二締付 けナット１２を螺合する。
Patent NL-1041717-B1 (NL)
Title: Educatieve bordspel/kaartspel om te leren klokkijken
Inventor: GUO HUA HU
IPC: G09B19/12
Filed: 2016-02-10
Granted: 2017-08-15
Abstract: Deze nieuwe vinding is een nieuwe werkwijze/ leerwijze voor het aanbieden en het eigen maken van de leer-/ lesstoffen, leren klokkijken, die op scholen/ cursussen worden aangeboden. Deze nieuwe werkwijze/ leerwijze, leren klokkijken, wordt aangeboden in een educatieve bordspel/ kaartspel dat bedoeld is voor twee of meerdere spelers en het is bedoeld voor zowel kinderen als voor volwassenen. Het is de bedoeling dat de spelers van dit educatieve bordspel/ kaartspel spelenderwijs de leer-/ lesstoffen, leren klokkijken, aanleren door het spel gezamenlijk te spelen. Bij dit bordspel/ kaartspel worden de leer-/ lesstoffen van zowel de analoge klok als van de digitale klok aangeboden. Dit bordspel/ kaartspel wordt aangeboden en uitgebracht in een fysieke als in een digitale bordspel/ kaartspel. Het digitale bordspel/ kaartspel kan onder andere worden geïnstalleerd en gespeeld op een personal computer, smartphone en/ of tablet.
Patent NL-1042429-B1 (NL)
Title: Scooping mechanism
Inventor: MR JONATHAN MICHAELIS
IPC: A61F4/00
Filed: 2017-06-16
Granted: 2018-12-24
Abstract: A scooping mechanism consisting of a main bracket 1 swivellably mounted on a substantially vertical axis, an outer arm 4 swivellably mounted on a substantially horizontal axis to the main bracket, an inner arm rotatably mounted within the outer arm, a cutlery holder 7 mounted in a casing 8 attached to the top end of the inner arm, a tilting follower 11 fixed to the bottom end of the inner arm and a guide 12 fixed to the main bracket wherein the tilting follower engages with the guide causing the inner arm to rotate within the outer arm as the outer arm is swivelled around the substantially horizontal axis.