baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1391447-A (GB)
Title: Electric switches
IPC: B60Q1/42
Filed: 1971-08-03
Abstract: 1391447 Mechanical switches JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd 30 May 1972 [3 Aug 1971] 36535/71 Heading H1N A switch, suitable, for example, for mounting on the steering column of a road vehicle, comprises a plate 41 (Fig. 7) an actuating mechanism 44 carried by the plate 41 and movable relative thereto, a housing 10, first and second groups of terminals 16 and 18 in the housing, a first contact member 22 slidable in the housing to interconnect selected terminals of the first group 16, a second contact member 29 slidable in the housing transversely of the direction of movement of member 22 to interconnect selected terminals of the second group 18, and operating means 24 and 28 projecting externally of the housing 10 for sliding each of the contact members 22 and 29, the housing 10 being carried by the plate 41 and arranged so that the operating means 24 and 28 can be selectively operated by said actuating mechanism 44 upon movment thereof relative to said plate 41. As shown the operating means 24 is slidable transversely of housing 10 while means 28 is depressible against springs (27, Fig. 2, not shown) to move in and out of housing 10. The roller 29 can take up one of three possible positions interconnecting or open-circuiting certain fixed contacts, as 26, connected to three terminals 18. The slidable bridge 22 selectively interconnects three terminals 16 shown in line but these may be rearranged (Fig. 5, not shown) or an additional terminal may be fitted in apertures 15 to provide a more complex switching function (Fig. 6, not shown). The actuating mechanism 44 comprises a lever 47 for operation of members 24 and 28 by respective movements about respective mutually perpendicular pivots 43 and 48. The pivot 43 is mounted on plate 41 which has a sleeve 42 for engaging a steering column. A plunger 49 engages a cam surface 50 on pivot 43 to locate two positions of lever 47 about pivot 48 and provide retraction from a third position. A collar 45 rotatable on sleeve 42 may provide a known type of self-cancelling arrangement for direction indicator control combined with switching of lights, or the switch may be used for combined control of windscreen washers and two-speed wipers.
Patent GB-982713-A (GB)
Title: A process for the manufacture of vinyl chloride
IPC: C07C17/10
Filed: 1962-09-26
Abstract: Vinyl chloride is made by reacting ethylene with chlorine in molar ratios 1.3 to 7 : 1 in a fluidized bed of inert material having a surface area less than 100 square metres per gram, which is preferably one or more of a -alumina, silicious sand, graphite, silicon carbide, calcined kieselguhr, or silica-alumina, at 300 DEG to 600 DEG  C., with a residence time of 0.05 to 20 secs., ethylene and chlorine being mixed just prior to entry into or in the bottom of the fluid bed.  The fluid bed may be acid treated before use, the ethylene contains preferably less than 5% ethane, methane, or acetylene, and the ethylene and chlorine may be diluted with an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen.  Non-reacted materials from the process may be recirculated.  In the examples 1,2-and 1,1-dichloroethylene and 1,2,2-trichloroethane are stated to be among the by-products.
Patent GB-832701-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to method and apparatus for transferring volatile liquids
Inventor: SHANLEY JAMES JOSEPH
IPC: F17C5/02
Filed: 1956-11-30
Abstract: 832,701. Cold separation of air. AIR PRODUCTS Inc. Nov. 30, 1956, No. 36613/56. Class 8(2). In a conventional two-stage air rectification process wherein incoming air is cooled in a bank of tubes 12 surrounding tubes 13 traversed by counterflowing liquid oxygen from the base 24 of the low pressure column 16, transfer of the liquid oxygen to the base 45 of tubes 12 at an elevated pressure is effected intermittently by passsing liquid oxygen through a duct 38 into a reservoir 37 and past a non-return pressure response valve 41 into a transfer vessel 35, opening a valve 49 in a pressure equalizing duct 48 connecting said vessel 35 to the head 47 of tubes 13 and thereby increasing the pressure in vessel 35 sufficiently to allow a non-return pressure responsive valve 42 to open and a flow of liquid oxygen through a duct 44 to the tubes 13 until such time that vapour trapped within the vessel 35 becomes condensed by the cooling effect of the surrounding liquid oxygen at lower pressure and results in a sufficient pressure drop to cause valve 42 to close and at which time the valve 49 is closed by operating means 50. Continued cooling of vessel 35 and the resulting pressure drop therein causes valve 41 to open and refilling to commence. The valve operating means 50 comprises a time switch so arranged that the valve 49 is maintained open for a period equal to that required for emptying the vessel 35 and which is short compared with the filling time. In a modification cooling of the transfer vessel is effected by gaseous nitrogen from the head of column 16. In a further modification in which cooling of the transfer vessel is effected by effluent nitrogen, pressurization of the transfer vessel is effected by heating the surrounding nitrogen to an extent controlled by a thermostat within the transfer vessel.
Patent GB-954864-A (GB)
Title: Cameras
Inventor: HAHN ERICH
IPC: G03B7/085
Filed: 1961-10-12
Abstract: 954,864. Exposure setting means in photographic cameras. KAMERA-UND KINOWERKE DRESDEN VEB. Oct. 12, 1961, No. 36649/61. Heading G2A. A photographic camera has an objective diaphragm which can be controlled either manually or automatically in dependence upon the position of a moving coil 4 of an exposure-meter, and has means comprising a first lever 11 with a jaw 13 and a second lever 15 with a jaw 14 and a control knob 19, operatively coupled to said levers, which is movable into an automatic diaphragm setting position, in which levers 11, 15 are outside the range of needle 6 on the minimum and maximum sides respectively, and into further positions where the jaws 14, 13 engage the needle and move the coil on which it is mounted into various positions in accordance with the desired setting of the diaphragm; In the embodiment shown the diaphragm is controlled by a pin 7 on coil 4 operating through a lever 8. Knob 19 has a scale 20 which moves relative to an index 30. Knob 19 is coupled to lever 11 by means of a cam 21 against which lever 11 is urged by spring 23, and is coupled to lever 15 by means of a lever 18 which is urged against a pin 22 on the cam 21 by means of spring 24. Levers 11, 15 are coupled together by means of pin 26 and slot 25. A series of resistances 29 and a switch 28 are arranged in the exposure meter circuit so that film sensitivity, shutterspeed &c. can be taken into account.
Patent GB-851409-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to dynamo-electric machines
Inventor: MORGAN JOHN WILLIAM HAROLD
IPC: H02K3/22
Filed: 1956-11-30
Abstract: 851,409. Cooling dynamo-electric machines. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Nov. 28, 1957 [Nov. 30, 1956], No. 36682/56. Class 35. The rotor enclosure 21 may be evacuated or connected to a low-pressure source of low density gas. Liquid from inlet manifold 25 passes through hollow stator conductors 24 and core ducts 30 into outlet manifold 27 whence it is returned through a cooler. The stator frame need not be totally enclosed unless the machine is modified so that the spaces 50, 51 function as inlet and outlet manifolds. The stator conductors may be in two stacks. The description is identical with that in Specification 851,408.
Patent GB-798897-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ball-tipped and like writing instruments
IPC: B43K7/035
Filed: 1955-12-22
Abstract: 798,897. Reservoir pens. WAGNER, E. V. Dec. 20, 1956 [Dec. 22, 1955; Sept. 24, 1956], Nos. 36741/55 and 29103/56. Class 146(3) Ink is prevented from leaking from the rear end of the reservoir 1 of a ball-point pen by a solid plug of a material, such as nylon or polythene, having a density which is equal to or slightly lower than that of the ink 4, provided with an outer flange 6 which is an easy sliding fit in the reservoir and an intermediate waist portion 5 of lesser diameter, and an annulus of liquid 7, such as oil, is provided around the waist portion 5 to form a fluid-tight seal for the plug and to maintain the plug against movement in the reservoir under the influence of gravity or shock in use. As shown, the inner end 8 of the plug is tapered and extends into the head of the ink column; but the inner end could be provided with a flange similar to the outer end. The liquid 7 may be spindle oil containing bentonite, or an oil of naphthalene base containing aluminium stearate. The plug and reservoir tube may be injection moulded. The tube may be of polythhene, and fitted with a tubular metal spigot 3 which co-operates with pen-retracting mechanism in a pen barrel. In modifications, the reservoir may contain finelydivided graphite in a liquid vehicle, or liquid adhesive, and the writing end may not be a ball. Specification 683,886 is referred to.
Patent GB-776538-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the handling of gases in metallurgical processes
IPC: C21C5/38
Filed: 1954-12-20
Abstract: 776,538. Purifying gases. KAISER CO., H. J. Dec. 20, 1954 [Dec. 28, 1953], No. 36829/54. Class 55 (2). Dust-laden gases containing 85 per cent Co from a Bessemer or other converter are shock-cooled by spraying with water to a temperature of not more than 2500‹ F., preferably not more than 600‹ F., and subsequently treated, e.g. in a filter or Cottrell precipitator, to remove the dust. In the drawing, gases from a Bessemer converter 1 are passed successively through a cooling tower 2, a waste heat boiler 3, a cooling tower 4, a filter 5, a scrubber 6 and a drying tower 7 before passing to a gas holder 9. The gases leaving the waste heat boiler are at about 600‹ F. and are further cooled in the tower 4 to about 275‹ F. before being filtered. Specification 772,632, [Group II], is referred to.
Patent GB-1499158-A (GB)
Title: Pressurised dispensers
IPC: B65D83/14
Filed: 1975-09-09
Abstract: 1499158 Pressurized dispensing containers AEROSOL INVENTIONS & DEVELOPMENT SA 9 Sept 1975 [10 Sept 1974] 36977/75 Heading F1R The outer periphery of the sealing gasket 10 between the head 11 of the container of a pressurized dispenser and the rim 9 of a dished valve mounting cup 3 is notched as at 14 so that the projected radial width of the gasket at that point is equal to not substantially more than half the radial width L of the rim, so that when the internal pressure becomes excessive and the valve cup distorts fluid may escape at the notched portion of the gasket. The gasket may also be notched in the inner periphery. A plurality of alternating inner and outer notches may be provided.
Patent GB-366206-A (GB)
Title: Improved method and means for forming helical cams, screw threads and the like
IPC: B23G1/32
Filed: 1930-12-10
Abstract: 366,206. Making screw - threads, helical cams, &c. MARLES STEERING CO., Ltd., Winchester House, Old Broad Street, London, ADAMANT ENGINEERING CO., Ltd., Dallow Road, and WELLER, S. B., 23, Cutenhoe Road, both in Luton. Dec. 10, 1930, No. 37285. [Classes 83 (iii) and 83 (iv).] In a method of forming helical cams, screwthreads and the like, each side wall of the groove is formed or finished separately by means of a cutter, grinding-wheel, or hardened roller, mounted with its axis so disposed that when projected on to a plane containing the helix axis, and the centre of the cutter &c. the projected axis is inclined to the helix axis. Thus in Fig. 3 the side wall 11 and part of the bottom of the thread groove may be formed by means of a cutter or grinder having a profile consisting of two frusto-conical portions 17, 18, the inclination of the tool axis AB being such that the portion 19 of the cutter profile is, for forming a square thread, perpendicular to the helix axis CD. In addition to the inclination of the projected axis to the helix axis CD, the axis AB is also inclined to the plane of Fig. 3 according to the helical angle of the thread. This inclination is indicated in Fig. 1, in which GH is a tangent to the thread wall at the zone of operation of the tool. The opposite side of the thread wall and the remainder of the thread bottom may be formed by a second tool 16 acting in conjunction with the first and arranged as shown in Fig. 3, the axis LM being also inclined to the plane of Fig. 3 as indicated in Fig. 1. Tools arranged in a similar way may also be used for making Acme, Whitworth or other thread forms as shown in Fig. 4. The cutter profile required to produce any form of thread may be found by trial with a specimen thread and lead blank. In a machine embodiment, Fig. 6, the work piece 10 which may consist of a number of separate parts clamped together, is mounted on a mandrel 30 rotatably supported between brackets 31, 32 the latter of which carries a shaft 33 driven by worm gearing which is also connected to a lead screw engaging a fixed nut so that as the shaft 33 is rotated, the brackets 31, 32 are traversed along the machine bed to produce the required thread. The bed of the machine carries adjustable bearing brackets 43 each supporting a cutter head 47 which is adjustable about the axis RS to set the corresponding cutter to the required helix angle. The cutter spindles are mounted in journal bearings 49 and thrust bearings 50 and are driven from pulleys 54 through shafts 53 and spiral gears 51, 52. The thread may be formed by milling or grinding and may be finally rolled accurately to size by means of hardened steel rollers similar in form to the cutters 15 and 16. In some cases, instead of being truly conical the operative part of the cutter may be slightly convex in section.
Patent GB-524017-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in bearings for gyroscopic instruments
IPC: G01C19/38
Filed: 1938-12-22
Abstract: 524,017. Gyroscopic apparatus ; pivots. SPERRY GYROSCOPE CO., Ltd., MURTAGH, H., and HARDING, W. G. Dec. 22, 1938, No. 37319. [Class 97 (iii)] [Also in Group XXV] In a gyroscopic instrument the sensitive element is supported, for limited angular movement about a substantially horizontal axis, by vertical filaments or blades which connect with the sensitive element substantially on the horizontal axis, lateral movements of the sensitive element being prevented by low-friction guides. In Fig. 2 is shown the suspension means at one side of the rotor case 1 of a directional gyroscope of the type described in Specification 504,726. A spring steel blade 7 is secured at its upper end to the cardan or vertical ring 2 and is clamped between two blocks 9<SP>1</SP> bolted to the rotor case. A pivot 11 extending from the rotor case is received in a ball-bearing 12 which may slide vertically in a slot to accommodate vertical movement as the blade 7 shortens during bending. An eccentric shaft 14 may be adjusted to raise the ball-bearing and relieve the blade spring of weight, for example, during transport. In a modification, Fig. 5, the pivot shafts 18, 18<SP>1</SP> at each side of the rotor case project eccentrically as shown and are suspended by flexible steel blades 16, 16<SP>1</SP>, and instead of employing ball-bearings, lateral movement is prevented by stretched horizontal wires. The rotor case is tested for balance, top-heaviness and bottom-heaviness by suspending the rotor case solely by the spring blades and observing any tendency to rotate when displaced, and by observing its sensitivity to the transference of a very small weight from one side of the rotor case to the other.
Patent GB-1474446-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of chlorine and sodium carbonate
IPC: C01D7/18
Filed: 1974-08-27
Abstract: 1474446 Na 2 CO 3  : Cl 2 ; solvay process SOLVAY & CIE SA 27 Aug 1974 [11 Sept 1973] 37321/74 Heading C1A Chlorine and sodium carbonate are prepared by combination of (a) the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of NaCl in diaphragm cells, (b), carbonation of the caustic brine leaving the cells, and (c) the ammonia soda method of making Na 2 CO 3 , wherein (1) step (b) is carried out in a soda plant without ammonia which consists of at least one monocarbonation scrubber and at least one bicarbonation column refrigerated at its lower part, by reacting the caustic brine with gas of low CO 2 -content in the monocarbonation scrubber(s) (so as not to precipitate NaHCO 3 ), and then reacting with gas rich in CO 2  to precipitate NaRCO 3  in the bicarbonation column(s), and wherein, (2), the precipitated NaHCO 3  is filtered from the mother liquor, the mother liquor is de-bicarbonated by conversion of the dissolved bicarbonate to carbonate, the de-bicarbonated mother liquor is then saturated with NaCl by evaporation or addition of solid salt and then passed to an ammonia soda plant as whole or part of the NaCl feed, if necessary the remaining NaCl feed being brine (as used normally in a conventional ammonia-soda plant) or part of the liquor leaving the mono-carbonation scrubber(s) of the soda plant without ammonia, or a mixture thereof.
Patent GB-344816-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electrical power generating equipment
IPC: F03B15/16
Filed: 1929-12-05
Abstract: 344,816. Electrically-actuated valves. BEAUMONT, J. H., 329, High Holborn, London.-(Utilities Service, Inc.; Troy, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) Dec. 5, 1929, No. 37331. [Class 135.] A hydraulic motor driving an electric generator is controlled by a latch which is released on failure of a main source of power supply. A solenoid S energized by the supply holds its core C above a latch-bar 12 which is held engaged with a latch 23 by a spring 21. The latch-bar is coupled to a hand-lever 9, linked to the machine frame at its lower end and connected intermediately to the needle valve 3 controlling the water supply to the hydraulic motor 1. A spring 6 tends to open the valve. The core C on falling frees the latch-bar. The handle 9 is used to restore the mechanism and to stop the hydraulic motor when the main supply has been restored. In a modification, Fig. 6, fluid pressure means 51 coupled to the lever 9, and supplied through a valve 52 coupled to the solenoid core C, is adapted to return, the mechanism automatically. Specifications 326,220, [Class 38 (iv), Electric supply and transmission systems &c.], and 344,866 are referred to.
Patent GB-1326425-A (GB)
Title: Compacting system
IPC: B65D90/54
Filed: 1970-08-03
Abstract: 1326425 Compacting system ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION RESEARCH CORP 3 Aug 1970 [5 Aug 1969] 37365/70 Heading B8C [Also in Division E2] Refuse from a shoot 100 at a receiving station 1 falls through a gate 112 into a container 106 and is compacted at a station 3 by means of a ram 123. If the level of compacted material in the container is below a predetermined level it is returned to a position beneath the shoot 100 to receive more refuse, and if it is above the predetermined level it is ejected from the system down a ramp 129. A control circuit 2 opens the gate 112 when refuse is sensed by sensor 113 in the shoot and when a container 106, is in position below it, indicated by limit switches 120, 121, moves the container 106 to the compacting station 3 when the gate 112 is reclosed, indicated by limit switch 115, actuates the ram when the container 106 is positioned beneath it, as indicated by limit switches 124 and 125, and moves the container back to the receiving station or down the ramp 129 after the level of the compacted material has been sensed by means of a protuberence 127 on a sensor rod 126 co-operating with a switch 128. Control circuit 2 may also operate a sprayer 130 to spray an insecticide, deodorizing agent or sealing compound on to the material. The containers 106 may be mounted in holders 107 and are movable along platforms 101 and 122 by means of dogs on a conveyer belt or chain arrange - ment. To facilitate removal of the contents of the container 106 it is provided with a removable liner (140). The container 106 may be disposable or may have a plastics or paper bag inserted between it and the liner, when the side of the container may be openable. If the containers are placed in holders 107, they may be bottomless. The liner (140) may comprise two semi-cylindrical halves (141, 142) releasably hinged together and being outwardly flared and flanged at their upper ends, or may comprise a split cylinder (165) which springs outwardly when released from constraint in the form of a multiple latch. A section of the shoot may be lined with firebrick and a burner controlled by circuit 2 installed to inject flames above the gate 112 to destroy vermin. Doors 131, 132 are provided above and below the gate 112 to allow access in the event of jamming. In a modification, a second gate (134) is provided above the gate 112 and is closed when gate 112 is open to prevent too great a load of refuse being delivered to the container. In a second modification, additional switches (160 and 161) are provided above switch 128 and additional sensors (162, 163) in shoot 100 to determine whether the container 106 at the compacting station can accommodate the refuse collected in the shoot. The control circuit 2 comprises AND gates, OR gates and flip-flops. The sensors may be sonic, photoelectric or "whisker-type".
Patent GB-1015018-A (GB)
Title: Photosensitive compositions
Inventor: SPRAGUE ROBERT HICKS
IPC: G03C1/73
Filed: 1962-10-02
Abstract: 1, 015, 018. Photosensitive materials. HORIZONS Inc. Oct. 2, 1962, No. 37392/62. Heading G2C. A photosensitive composition which gives a visible image on exposure to light comprises a leuco base of a triphenylmethane dye and a carboxylic acid or anhydride. The dye base may be leuco Crystal Violet or leuco Opal Blue. The carboxylic acid may be chloro- or bromo-acetic, tribromoacetic, o-chloro-, 2;4-dichloro- or 2;4;5- trichloro-phenoxyacetic, α-bromo-n-butyric, stearic, succinic, adipic, itaconic, benzoic, p-chlorobenzoic, m-nitro-benzoic, anthranetic, furoic, citric or phthalic acid. The anhydride may be phthalic, succinic, maleic, acetic or benzoic anhydride. The composition may be mixed with a film-forming binder such as polystyrene and applied to a support, or a solution of the components may be applied directly to an absorbent support such as paper. The images produced may be fixed merely by heating or by contacting them with ammonia or an organic amine. Alternatively, a substance which releases ammonia or an organic amine, such as urea, may be incorporated in the material which is then fixed by heating.