Patent GB-190326054-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Nail Making and Driving Machines
Filed: 1903-11-28
Granted: 1904-05-05
Abstract: 26,054. Lake, H. H., [Suffolk Nailing Machine Co.]. Nov. 28. Nails; nailing. - Relates to a machine for making and driving nails. The machine is described as applied to the making of shoes. The nails are made from wire z, Figs. 1, 4, and 5, which is fed from a reel A<3> mounted on the head A<1> of the machine. The wire passes through a boss a, through an eye in the part d<7>, and between a tension roller c<7> and a feed roller c<6> to a pair of dies. A cam C on the shaft B actuates a spring- controlled slide, connected by a link to a disc on the shaft c<5> of the roller c<6>. The disc is coupled to the shaft in one direction of rotation in any suitable manner, as by a pawl - and - ratchet mechanism, for the purpose of operating the roller c<6>. The stroke of the slide, and consequently the length of wire fed forward at each operation, is controlled according to the thickness of the work. The tension roller c<7> is carried by a pivoted plate c<8>, the upper end of which abuts against an adjusting-screw c<11>, and which is, preferably, split to act as a spring, the parts being separated by a cam-lever c<14>; this lever is disengaged when it is desired to release the tension. The dies, which receive the wire from the feeding-roller, are mounted in spring-controlled jaws, pivoted to a frame h<6>, and are recessed at the top to the shape of the [nail-head. The mechanism for gripping the wire and forming the nail head is actuated by a wheel D on the shaft B. A pin on the end of a lever d engages a cam-groove in the wheel D, the other end of the lever being coupled by a link to a pair of toggle-arms d<4>, d<5>; the arm d<4> is pivoted to a block d<6>, adjustably connected to a projection d<7> on a slide e', and the arm d<5> is connected, by a link, to a jaw d<9>, which rocks on a pin carried by a second jaw e. The wire is gripped between the jaws d<9>, e, which are then moved downwards to upset the wire in the cavity in the dies so as to form the nail head. The downward movement of the jaws is derived from a cam E, which actuates a swinging arm e' coupled, by a link, to togglearms e<6>, e<7>; the upper arm e<6> is pivoted to an adjustable block e<8> secured to the frame, and the arm e<7> is connected to the slide e' carrying the jaw e. After the heading operation, a slice is cut off above the head, as shown in Fig. 19, to form the point of the following nail. This operation is performed by a cutter f<5>, adjustably mounted in a slide f actuated, through a link f<2> and lever f, by a cam F. The slide is mounted between adjustable plates. The jaws d<9>, e open, and the cutter moves forward and slices off a piece of the wire above the head. After the return of the cutter, the jaws rise to the normal position. The nail is now severed from the wire by means of cutters, carried by telescoping frames g<4>, g<5>. These frames are controlled by springs, and are actuated by toggle-arms pivoted to a slide carrying a cam-roll G in engagement with the wheel or cam D. One of the cutters is formed with a V-shaped point, and the other with a chisel point, so that in cutting they squeeze and temper the end of the following nail and form a V-shaped point thereon. The dies carrying the finished nail are now moved to bring the nail under the driving-mechanism. This movement is imparted to the frame h<6> by a cam H, which engages a roll on the end of an arm mounted on a rocking shaft h<2> ; an arm h' on the other end of the rocking shaft engages a box secured to the frame h<6>. During the heading operation, the dies are clamped in the frame h<6> by means of a clamp slide j<2> actuated, through a lever j, by a cam J. Below the dies are located spring jaws h<11> to hold the nail point and to centre the same ; these jaws are split lengthwise or formed in two pairs. The mechanism for driving the nail compri ses a driver k carried by a rod k<1>, which is forced downwards by a spring, and is raised by means of a cam K. The shoe to be nailed is supported upon a horn m<9>, Figs. 1 and 22, against a throat or nozzle R<1>, through which the nail is driven. The horn m<9> is connected to a post m<7>, sliding in the standard A, by a clamping arm m<8> A lever m<6> is pivoted to an adjustable sleeve m<4> on the post m<7>, and is provided with a pair of fingers m<22> fitting in a groove in a collar m" adjustably carried by the post m<7>. The lever m<6> is carried by a pin m<5>, mounted in a sliding piece m<2> supported by a spring m<11>. A link m<1> connects the piece m' to a treadle-lever M. The lever m<6> rests, at the rear end, on a finger m<10> bolted to the frame, and is held against this finger by a spring m<15>. The horn m<9> is depressed, for the purpose of changing the work, by operating the lever M, but it is also necessary that the horn shall have a slight movement to relieve the shoe of pressure when it is being fed forward after a nail has been driven. For this purpose, an adjustable collar n<7>, mounted on a rod n<4>, is adapted to engage the rear end of the lever m<6>. This rod is actuated, through a lever, by a grooved cam. During this operation of the lever m<6>, the pin m<5> is clamped to form a fulcrum by means of two screwed trunnions, which engage nuts in the standard A. These trunnions are turned, so as to cause them to abut against the pin m<5>, by means of links n<3> coupled to a spring-controlled collar n<10> mounted upon the rod n<4> between adjustable stops. Instead of the screw trunnions, cam-surfaces may be employed for clamping the pin m<5>. To adjust the length of the wire feed according to the thickness of the work, the spring controlled slide c for actuating the shaft c<5> is provided with a slanting piece c<16>, which engages a triangular stop p on the rearward stroke of the slide. This stop slides in a guide-piece p<1> secured to the frame, and is mounted on a rod p' coupled by a lever p<4> and link p<5> to the sleeve m<4>. The movement of the horn determines the position of the stop p and the consequent travel of the slide c and motion of the feed-roller c<6>. Fig. 22<a> shows a pawl-andratchet clutch for actuating the shaft c<5>. A disc, to which the slide is coupled, is loosely mounted on the shaft, and carries spring-controlled pawls t<1>, adapted to engage a ratchet-wheel t<3>. The wheel is secured to a covering disc t<4> , both wheel and disc being fixed to the shaft c5. The mechanism for feeding the shoe comprises a swinging arm q pivoted to a slide Q, Figs. 4 and 5, the pivot pin also carrying a feed-wheel q<1> and a ratchet operated by a spring-controlled sliding pawl carried by the arm q. When the arm q is rocked, the ratchet is fed forward in one direction carrying with it the feed-wheel q<1>. The rocking shaft h<2> carries an arm q<4>, upon which is mounted a pin in engagement with the arm q for the purpose of actuating the feed mechanism. The slide Q carries two racks gearing with pinions on a shaft. By turning the shaft, the position of the slide and the feedwheel may be adjusted. The throat piece R<1> is mounted on a plate R' provided with a groove in register with the hole in the piece R<1> through which the nail and driver are forced. A latch, mounted in the throat piece, is arranged to rock in this groove, and is pressed into contact with the side of the passage in the throat piece by a spring r' and spring-pressed bars r', r<4> located in the groove. Notches are formed in the latch and in the bar r<4> to form the mouth of the opening into the throat piece. The nail is forced past the latch by the driver k, the pressure of the latch on the rail ensuring the direct movement of the nail through the throat. Preferably, the cam shaft B is connected to the driving-pulley B<1>, Figs. 1 and 6, by a clutch. A latch b<1> is mounted in a sleeve b<3> secured to the shaft B, and is pressed into engagement with a projection on the pulley B' by a spring b'. The latch is withdrawn and held out of driving engagement by means of a wedge-piece b<5> carried by an arm b<6> mounted on the head A'. A slide b<12> is pressed upwards by a spring b<14> to hold the wedge-piece in position for engaging the latch, the slide and wedge-piece being connected by a link b<13>. The slide is connected, by links and levers, to a treadle-lever b<16>. Upon depressing the lever b<16>, the wedge-piece is withdrawn, and the latch moves into driving connection with the pulley. Upon releasing the lever b<16>, the wedge-piece withdraws the latch after one or more revolutions of the shaft B. When a shoe is placed in position upon the horn m<9>, the starting treadle b<16> is depressed to rotate the cam shaft B. The rod n' is first actuated to withdraw the horn and allow the work to be fed forward by the wheel q<1>; on the return of the horn, the stop p is moved to a position for controlling the wire feed. The frame h<6>, from which the nail has been driven, is moved backwards into a position for receiving the wire for forming the nail. The driver k is now raised, the wire feed takes place, and the nail-making operations are performed. The frame h<6> is then carried forward over the throat R', and the arm for actuating the shoe feed moves into position to feed the shoe. The driver then descends and forces the nail from the dies and through the throat R<1> into the work. The cycle of operations is repeated for the next nail.