Patent GB-461224-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of crepe threads and fabrics made of or containing filaments of celluloseesters or ethers
IPC: D01F2/28
Filed: 1936-05-18
Abstract: Crape thread of or containing filaments of cellulose esters or ethers are formed by steaming a thread of the ester or ether which carries, incorporated therein, an oil or an oil and a softening agent for the material of the filaments and giving the thread at least the last part of the crape twist while it is under the influence of the steam; the oil has at the most only a small tendency to dry out during the steam treatment and is preferably a vegetable oil, e.g. olive oil. The softening agent may constitute from 5 to 80 per cent of the oil and softening agent together and is preferably tricresyl phosphate or other triaryl or neutral phosphoric ester.  The oil or oil and softening agent may be incorporated in the filaments of the thread by way of the spinning solution from which the thread is formed or the oil and softening agent may be applied to the moving thread, e.g. as it is spun from a spinning solution.  After threads of filaments containing cellulose acetate and an oil have been formed they may be lubricated, e.g. with a mixture of sulphonated oil and a non-sulphonated oil.  The steaming may be effected in the presence of moisture and by passing the thread through a chamber maintained full of steam, e.g. in the chamber described in Specification 440,653, [Group IX].  The twisting of the thread may be effected by the rotation of a package from which it is being drawn and the twist inserted while the thread is in the steam chamber.  The threads may consist of substantially continuous filaments of cellulose acetate or they may contain discontinuous filaments of cellulose acetate, e.g. the threads may be those spun from a mass of discontinuous filaments or those prepared in the manner described in Specifications 424,683, 424,752, 424,830, and 424,879, [all in Group IX], the filaments may contain water-insoluble compounds whether compounds of a pigment-like character or loading metal compounds.  Threads containing filaments spun from solutions containing oils and softening agents may be sized, e.g. with the materials mentioned in Specification 348,589. Cellulose acetate threads may be associated in the fabric with highly-twisted crape threads of other materials and the threads may consist in part of filaments of a cellulose ester or ether and in part of filaments or fibre of another material which may be continuous or discontinuous and threads formed by doubling two or more threads together may be crape twisted as described.  Prior to the craping of the fabrics by the action of a hot aqueous bath, fabrics made from threads having incorporated therein an oil and a softening agent may be subjected to treatment to remove or reduce to a small proportion the softening agent present, e.g. by a cold scouring operation. The weft alone of the fabric may be wholly or partly composed of the highly twisted crape threads or the warp may also contain such threads, e.g. the warp may contain threads of relatively low twist and the weft crape threads having a left-hand twist and crape threads having a right-hand twist, pairs of each alternating. Cellulose acetate crape threads may be associated in the fabric with highly twisted crape threads of other material, e.g. natural silk or regenerated cellulose or crape threads produced by other processes and where the fabric contains threads of low twist, these may be wholly of cellulose acetate or wholly or in part of other materials, e.g. natural silk or regenerated cellulose. Examples are given of the production of threads of cellulose acetate and the treatment of fabrics made therefrom. Specifications 437,019, 438,589, and 438,590, [all in Group IX], also are referred to.