Patent EP-0082488-A1 (EP)
Inventor: BELLIENI GIOVANNI ROLANDO
IPC: B01D46/24
Filed: 1982-12-16
Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning gases and liquids by removing toxic substances and particles in low concentration (2) in a chamber or from any outlet or in the interior of a line. It has the shape of a container and consists of an integral (12) central body, of a cover (4) and a bottom (30), which are mutually exchangeable. The walls of the central body (12) consist of two perforated metal sheets (20, 22), the ends of which are mutually joined by flange elements (34) and receive in their interior one or more layers of absorbent, granulated substances (26) of a thickness varying between less than 20 and 100 mm for intercepting toxic substances and particles >0.1  mu m. To ensure that the contact time of the liquid or gaseous medium with the adsorbent material (26) is uniform and no preferential threads of flow can form at any point, at least one layer of a light nonwoven (38) is provided in front of the walls (20, 22) of the central body and, in front of this layer, a plurality of layers of filter paper (40) and, in turn in front thereof, at least one layer of a heavy nonwoven (42). All these layers (38, 40, 42) are located closely together and ensure passage of the medium at a constant velocity of between 0.01 and 0.25 m/sec. The light nonwoven layer (38) prevents adhesion of the filter paper layers (40) to the inner perforated sheet wall (22). The filter paper layers (40) are capable of retaining particles of >0.1  mu m, and those of heavy nonwoven (42) can retain particles of 1  mu m. The end sections of these fibre material layers (38, 40, 42), doubled and folded over, go beyond the flanges (34), by means of which the ends of the two perforated sheets (20, 22) are mutually joined, and they can be clamped in between the cover (4) (or the bottom (30)) and said flanges (34) in order to avoid any leakage loss of the contaminated medium from the apparatus (2). In addition, a filter bag (44) for the precipitation of particles >2 mu m is provided, which ends at the outer rim of the upper ends of the fibrous filter layers (38, 40, 42) and is releasably fastened with the inner edge to the upper end of the central column (28) of sheet metal perforated in the lower part, this bag (44) extending downwards up to a certain distance from the bottom (30). The central, preferably cylindrical sheet column (28) is suitable for supporting a motor (16) and the corresponding rotor (14), if the medium is gaseous and these items are provided; the lower end of the column is fixed to the bottom (30) and inserted at the top into a diffusor cylinder (36); the latter is fitted to the cover (4) and has a greater diameter than the abovementioned central column (28), and the lower part of its peripheral surface is perforated. The flow medium is passed from the diffusor cylinder (36) through the filter bag (44) partially to the filter elements (26, 38, 40, 42) and partially to the central perforated sheet column (28), where it can cool the motor (16), if present, and can then likewise reach the filter elements (26, 38, 40, 42) after passing through the filter bag (44). <IMAGE>