Patent GB-409397-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of synthetic resins from phenols and aldehydes
IPC: C08G8/28
Filed: 1932-11-03
Abstract: Phenol-aldehyde condensation products capable of being hardened, especially phenolalcohols, are heated with a monohydric aliphatic or aromatic alcohol of boiling point above 80 DEG  C., higher oxy-fatty acids or their glycerides being added simultaneously or subsequently, for such a period that the products are still soluble in organic solvents such as benzol hydrocarbons.  By further heating the phenol-aldehyde condensation products with the alcohol or by using a larger quantity of alcohol products may be obtained which are soluble in benzine hydrocarbons and may be worked up with fatty acids, fatty oils and neutral resins.  The phenol aldehyde products may be derived from phenols such as phenol, naphthol, diphenylolpropane or phenylphenol.  The term oxy-fatty acids comprises fatty acids containing more than 10 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group. Fatty oils include drying, semi-drying and non-drying oils such as wood oil, linseed oil, perilla oil, poppy seed oil, soya bean oil, hemp seed oil, nut oil, olive oil, cotton seed oil, earth nut oil and almond oil.  Neutral resins include esters of natural or synthetic resin acids urea - formaldehyde and polyhydric alcohol - dicarboxylic acid, condensation products. The new products may be worked up with resins such as shellac, dammar, resin-esters, or artificial resins such as phenol-aldehyde-colophony condensation products.  The new products may be hardened by heat with or without a catalyst and with or without pressure.  They may be employed with or without fillers, pigments, diluents and softeners as lacquers or varnishes for containers, such as boxes, tubes and tanks, wires, metal bars, pipes such as gas pipes, apparatus parts and casings, chemical, medecinal and other instruments, cooling and heating appliances, electric insulating bodies such as cables, incandescent lamps and machine parts; as binding agents for printing inks, cements, brake-linings, and packings; as impregnating agents for water-proof substances or fabrics; for cold and hot pressed articles and for gramophone records.  In examples: (1) p-cresol dialcohol is heated with iso-amylalcohol and mixed with ricinoleic acid; (2) alkaline condensed cresol and formaldehyde is heated with n-butanol and mixed with trioxy stearic acid; (3) the condensation product of dihydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane and formaldehyde is heated with N-butanol and castor oil to give a resin soluble in toluol, butyl acetate, diethyl glycol; (4) alkali condensed phenol and formaldehyde is heated with iso-propyl alcohol and formaldehyde; (5) the condensation product of formaldehyde and the product of treating phenol with acetone is heated with iso-amyl alcohol and ricinoleic acid; (6) the condensation product of p-phenylphenol and formaldehyde is heated with cyclohexanol and castor oil; (7) p-colsol dialcohol is heated with iso-amyl alcohol and the product, mixed with oxidized linseed oil is diluted by means of toluene, benzine or solvent naphtha to give a varnish; (8) the condensation product of dihydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane and formaldehyde is heated with N-butanol and the product is heated with wood oil; (9) the alkaline condensation product of cresol and formaldehyde is heated with iso-propyl alcohol and the product is heated with cotton seed oil; (10) the condensation product of phenol and formaldehyde is heated with N-butanol and the product, heated with coliphony glycerol ester may be used, with or without the addition of a fatty oil as a varnish or as a binder in the manufacture of grinding wheels or discs; (11) the condensation product of the compound obtained by treating phenol with acetone and formaldehyde is heated with iso-amyl alcohol and the product heated with the condensation product of phthalic acid, ricinoleic acid and glycerol; (12) the condensation product of p-phenylphenol and formaldehyde is heated with cyclohexanol and then heated with the resin derived from phthalic anhydride, succinic acid, linseed oil and glycerol.  Specifications 259,030, 261,522, and 298,680, [all in Class 2 (iii)], are referred to.