Patent GB-874640-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to closure means for pressure vessels
Inventor: NORTON HARRY WILLIAM
IPC: G21C13/06
Filed: 1959-01-28
Abstract: 874,640. Reactor pressure vessels. GEARTIGHT UNIONS Ltd. Dec. 18, 1959 [Jan. 28, 1959], No. 3015/59. Class 39(4). A self-locking closure plug for a pressure vessel, particularly for sealing nuclear reactor standpipes, comprises a lower circular portion 2 which is adapted to seat on an internal shoulder 3 in a standpipe wall 1 and an upper circular portion 4 which is capable of a limited degree of relative axial movement and which pivotally supports a number of equi-angularly disposed cam members 5 which are swingable outwardly in radial planes and are adapted to engage, with their lobes 6, in a continuous locking recess 7 in the standpipe wall 1. The upper portion 4 consists of an outer annular ring 15 which carries the cam members 5 and which is secured to a central section 16 telescopically engaging an annular intermediate portion 17 itself telescopically arranged with respect to the lower portion 2. The cam members 5 extend through side apertures 19 which are provided in the intermediate portion 17 and which have inclined cam surfaces 20, 22 to engage the cam members 5 and displace them laterally inwards and outwards to clear and to engage with the locking recess 7 as the plug is correspondingly removed from, and fitted to, the standpipe 1. The lower cam surfaces 22 terminate in locking shoulders 23 which, after the portions 4, 2 have been moved fully together, engage behind the cam lobes 6 to lock them in the locking recess 7 as shown in the right hand half of Fig. 2. Sealing rings 12, 13 are accommodated in grooves 9, 10 in the lower portion 2, the groove 9 being oversized to provide a sampling annulus which, for detection of leakage past the sealing ring 13, communicates with a bore 14 leading to a sampling pipe 18. In a modification Fig. 4 having no intermediate portion 17 the lower portion 2 has a central aperture 24 which is closed by the reduced portion 26 of a remote handling body 25 which is seated upon sealing rings 28 accommodated in grooves 29, 30 in the base of the lower portion 2. The outer groove 29 is oversized to provide a sampling annulus which communicates with the groove 9 and leads to a sampling channel 32. The upper portion 4 comprises a sleeve with an inwardly directed lower flange 33 which loosely engages around, and abuts an inclined shoulder 34 at the upper end of, the portion 26 to limit the relative axial movement of the lower and upper portions 2, 4. The cam members 5 are mounted in cut-out slots 35 in the flange 33, the upper end 27 of the lower portion 2 presenting a downwardly and outwardly inclined cam surface 36 which displaces the cam members 5 laterally outwardly into engagement with the locking recess 7 when the portions 2, 4 are moved together. The cam surface 36 terminates in a locking shoulder 37. During removal of the closure plug the upper ends of the cam members 5 ride outwardly along the inclined shoulder 34 to displace and retain the cam members 5 laterally inwards to clear the standpipe 1. The cam members 5 have integral pivot pins which engage in an annular groove 39 in the portion 4. In a further modification, Figs. 6, 7 (not shown), which is generally similar to the arrangement just described the upperportion has an inwardly directed lower flange which loosely engages a reduced diameter portion of the lower portion 2 the flange being provided with slots in which cam members are slidably mounted. To facilitate assembly the portion 2 is of composite form being split horizontally across the reduced-diameter portion. In order to remove the closure plug the pressure difference across it must be dropped to a value which allows it to sink back on to the shoulder 3. A cross pin 53 is fitted across a recessed portion 53 of the upper portion 4 for attachment of a grab hook.