baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-489259-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the concentration of aliphatic acids
Filed: 1937-11-09
Abstract: In the concentration of aliphatic acids such as acetic acid by extracting with ethyl acetate or with mixtures containing ethyl acetate as main constituent, the extraction is effected in the presence of a small quantity only of a salt which acts as a buffer to prevent hydrolysis of the ester.  Suitable salts are sodium and potassium acetates and sulphates.  The extraction may be effected in the apparatus described in Specification 455,325 or in a column provided with baffle plates and spray nozzles, or by a batch method in a series of tanks.  Part or all of the inner surfaces of the extraction apparatus may be made of or coated with a urea-formaldehyde resin.  An example describes the extraction of aqueous acetic acid with ethyl acetate and benzene in the presence of about 1 per cent of concentrated solution of sodium sulphate, but other acids such as formic, propionic, and butyric acid or acids produced in the fermentation of the juice of apples, grapes and the like may also be treated.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 includes the use of an extractant comprising an ester of an aliphatic acid in the presence of a substance which inhibits the hydrolysis of the ester.  The inhibitor may be made by adding to the acid a carbonate or bicarbonate or like salt, for instance an alkali carbonate or bicarbonate may be added to neutralize mineral acid such as sulphuric acid which may be present.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-630613-A (GB)
Title: Method of and mould for making armpit shields
IPC: B29C41/14
Filed: 1946-10-16
Abstract: 630,613. Moulding armpit shields. CULIK, J. Oct. 16, 1946, No. 30779. Convention date, July 18, 1945. [Class 87 (ii)] [Also in Group VII] Armpit or dress shields of rubber, each consisting of two crescent-shaped leaves 17, 18, Fig. 3, united at their curved concave edges 23, are moulded simultaneously on a star-ribbed dip-mould 11, Fig. 2, each two adjacent rib surfaces 12, 13 corresponding to an individual shield. The mould is dipped into rubber solution or latex. The coating so formed is vulcanised and cut along the convex edges 21 common to each two successive shields. The projecting edges 20 of the ribs 14 are grooved to facilitate the cutting. Specification 525,045 is referred to.
Patent GB-461924-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in vehicles for carrying liquids
IPC: B60P3/22
Filed: 1935-11-07
Abstract: 461,924. Tank vehicles. TENNA1VT, W. J. (Tatra Works Ltd. Motor Car & Railway Carriage & Wagon Builders) Nov. 7, 1935, No. 30844. Addition to 461,897. [Classes 103 (iv) and 108 (i)] The tank vehicle described in the parent Specification is modified so that the longitudinal side members of an independent chassis frame and other essential parts such as the driving shaft may extend through or project into the interior of the tank. As shown the chassis longitudinals 1 and the driving shaft 4 pass through the tank surrounding tubes 2, 5 being provided. The members 1 may however be welded to the tank end plates and the surrounding tubes 2 dispensed with. The parts may project into the tank by means of recesses in the latter and any necessary transverse members such as axles may also pass through or project into the tank.
Patent GB-265334-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of decorated paper, or similar material
IPC: D21H19/66
Filed: 1925-12-07
Abstract: 265,334. Lefebure, V. Dec. 7, 1925. Ornamenting. - A glazed decorated surface able to withstand water, heat. and corrosive action is produced on paper or pliable cardboard by applying a coloured synthetic resin composition by means of printing-rollers, stencils, &c., and then curing the synthetic resin by heat and pressure. The paper is preferably subjected to a preliminary treatment with a dilute solution of a synthetic resin. The decorated sheet after being dried is pressed between plain or embossed metal surfaces at a temperature of 150‹ C. for phenol formaldehyde resin and 130‹ C. for urea or thiourea types of resin. Also, to make decorated tiles, the sheet may be cured on to a backing, such as a layer of asbestos provided with a coating of the synthetic resin composition, and may cover one or both sides. In one example, a green composition comprises thiourea or urea formaldehyde resin, water, amorphous silica, chromium oxide, zinc oxide, and china clay, and, in a second example, phenol formaldehyde resin is employed, methylated spirits is substituted for water, and monelite red lake for chromium oxide. Specification 237,320, [Class 87 (i), Bricks &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-988579-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of liquid pig iron from ore
IPC: B01J19/10
Filed: 1961-08-28
Abstract: <PICT:0988579/C6-C7/1> A method for the reduction of iron ore to pig iron in a shaft furnace comprises introducing a hot reducing gas, generated outside the shaft furnace, into the shaft furnace above the melting zone and supplying additional heat to the melting zone. As shown, liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons are cracked by oxygen and/or steam in reactors 10, 11 to produce a mixture of CO and H2 which is blown into a shaft furnace 19 through a ring manifold 2 and tuyeres 2a.  Waste gas from the shaft is burned to heat the reactors which are used alternately.  Additional heat may be imparted to the charge by electrodes 3, 4 or by the combustion of additional coke, added to the charge, by the normal blast.
Patent GB-1152052-A (GB)
Title: Tuner for Stringed Instruments
Inventor: PEASE JOHN WILLIAM
IPC: G10D3/14
Filed: 1966-07-11
Abstract: 1,152,052. Stress limiting devices. J. W. PEASE. 11 July, 1966 [16 July, 1965; 16 June, 1966], No. 31014/66. Heading B8B. [Also in Divisions G1 and G5] A stringed instrument is tuned by supporting a portion of a string in a deflected position and tightening the string until the support collapses under the applied tension. As shown, a device 10 rests on the neck 12 of the instrument. Rotation of a portion 24 raises an internal threaded member, not shown, connected through a magnetic coupling to a slider 20. The slider has a notch 18 in which the string 16 is engaged. A scale 26 which may be integral with the threaded member or linked for greater relative movement indicates the number of complete turns of the portion 24 while a pointer 30 and co-operating scale 32 indicate parts of turns. Thus the string can be raised any required distance. When this has been done, the string is tightened in the usual manner until the magnetic coupling gives under the load. The member 20 moves instantaneously downwardly giving a clearly visible indication that the required tension has been reached. The device may have a rearwardly extending projection which can be engaged under an adjacent string to retain it in place.
Patent GB-930533-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to semiconductor devices
Inventor: DRAKE CYRIL FRANCIS
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1959-09-11
Abstract: 930,533. Semi-conductor devices. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Sept. 9, 1960 [Sept. 11, 1959], No. 31043/59. Class 37. A semi-conductor device is produced by diffusing lithium into a P-type semi-conductor body to form an N-type region and electrolytically etching away at least a part of the N- type region. In one example a microwave diode is produced by diffusing lithium at 600‹ C. into the bottom and sides of a P-type silicon wafer 1 containing an N-type phosphorus diffused layer 4 so that just a small P-type region 3 remains surrounded by N-type material. A gold-plated molybdenum header 5 is bonded to the upper surface and masked by wax before part of the N-type material is removed by electrolytically etching so that the P-type material remains. A second header 7 is bonded to the P-type material to form the diode shown in Fig. 1 (e). A mesa diode (Fig. 2 (d) is produced by covering one surface of an N-type silicon body 9 (Fig. 2 (b)) with boric oxide and heating in oxygen for 2 hours at 1200‹ C. to produce a P-type layer 10, washing in H.F. to remove excess boric oxide, and then reheating at 30‹ C. in nitrogen and water vapour to produce an outer layer 11 of silicon dioxide. This oxide is removed in an annular pattern 12 by photo-resist masking and etching and lithium diffused into the exposed P-region to convert the annular portion into N-type material which is then removed by electrolytic etching, leaving an island 13 of P-type material on N-type body 9, as shown in Fig. 2 (d). Pressure or thermo-compression bonded contacts are provided to complete the device. Any lithium remaining after the etching process may be removed by diffusion into a layer of material such as tin, plated on to the area concerned or by passing a current between ohmic contacts whereby the lithium migrates to the cathode. Germanium may be used in place of silicon.
Patent GB-162022-A (GB)
Title: Means for breaking down gas shells
IPC: F42B33/06
Filed: 1919-12-11
Abstract: 162,022. Pickett, F. N., and Tatham, G. H. Dec. 11, 1919. Noxious gases from manufacturing operations, collecting and conveying away.-Relates to an paratus for evacuating noxious fluids from " gas shells " as described in Specification 158,333, and consists mainly in means for neutralizing the residual contents of the shell. The shell is conveyed in the course of its treatment by a number of conveyers which may comprise endless belts c, c<1> - -, Figs. 1 and 2, separately controlled. The lead filling covering the plug of the shell is first removed. The shell is then passed into a chamber a, where the plug is removed by a punch a', the contents of the shell removed by a suction pipe a<3> and a neutralizing liquid such as lime water containing chlorine filled into the shell by a pipe a<5>, while the fumes are extracted from the chamber by a suction pipe a<4>. The shell is then passed into another chamber (not shown), conveniently situated at c<2>, where a breakable tube containing hydrochloric or acetic acid is put into the shell and broken by a soft iron plug which closes the shell. After 30 to 45 minutes, the soft iron plug is removed and the shell passed into a chamber b and turned to discharge the neutralizing liquid down a pipe b<1> to a chamber b<2>. The shell then passes to a weighing machine g which stops the conveyer if the shell has not been completely emptied of its contents. Thence the shell passes to a chamber d where it is broken into fragments, and the fragments are passed to a chamber e heated to about 700‹ C., and then dropped into a cold water tank f, from which they are removed by an electromagnetic lifting apparatus f<1> and carried to any suitable storage place. The chamber e is provided with double doors e<2>, e<2>, at its inlet and outlet respectively, and the chamber a may be similarly fitted. The liquid extracted from the shell by the pipe a<3> is deposited into a tank h, Fig. 3; fumes escaping therefrom are condensed in two successive tanks h<5>, h<7>. Fumes from the tank h<7> and from the various chambers and double doors, in which the above operations are performed, are led by pipes h<8>, a<4>, e<4>, b<4>, k to a coke furnace, Fig. 4, where they are drawn by a steam jet k<3> into the burning coke above a grate k<1> surrounded by the boiler k<2>. The bye-products from the furnace are collected and treated in any suitable way.
Patent GB-534913-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to collapsible bridges
IPC: E01D15/12
Filed: 1939-11-30
Abstract: 534,913. Portable bridges. STRAUSSLER, N. Nov. 30, 1939, No. 31132. [Class 20 (i)] A portable collapsable bridge comprises two sets of links of the kind known as lazy-tongs, the links being arranged asymmetrically, the distance between the centres 4 to the lower pivots 5 being less than the distance between the centre and the upper pivots 3 so that the bridge in.extended position forms an arch; the sets are cross connected by members 9, and a foldable footway 6 has its sections pivoted to the centre joints 4 and supported by links 8 from the upper pivots.
Patent GB-285600-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in fixings for curtain, stair or similar rods
IPC: A47H1/102
Filed: 1926-12-08
Abstract: 285,600. Cleverly, E. G. Dec. 8, 1926. Clip backets; stair-rod eyes and fastenings.- The fixing for stair &c. rods consists of an inner member provided with movable or resilient jaws which grip the rod and which can only be opened to permit its removal when a cap member, holding the jaws together, is removed. In the construction shown a cylindrical inner member 1 is provided with a pair of slits 5, 6 forming resilient jaws 9, 10 and a recess 8 into which the rod can be pushed laterally. The cap 12 when in place prevents the jaws 9, 10 opening to release the rod 11. A bracket or fixing to support the rod intermediate of its ends is provided by forming the inner member with a pair of opposed recesses 8 and the cap with a pair of opposed slots 13. Specification 224,275 is referred to.
Patent GB-891518-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rolling apparatus
IPC: B21H5/02
Filed: 1960-09-09
Abstract: 891,518. Rolling. PLAGEMANN, J., [trading as PEE-WEE MASCHINEN-UND APPARATEBAU W. PLAGEMANN]. Sept. 9, 1960 [Sept. 12, 1959], No. 31214/60. Class 83 (4). In apparatus for rolling tooth profiles or splines 26, Fig. 1, the workpiece 25 is fed axially through disc rolls 5 which are loosely mounted on bearing spindles 6 guided in parallel grooves 7 of an annular housing 1 and are supported by rolling engagement with longitudinal guide bars 3. Movement of the rolls 5 within the housing 1 is resisted by spring-loaded plungers 19 which return the rolls 5 to the starting position on retraction of the work. A resilient stop 16 determining the starting position is provided so that the rolls may return beyond this position without slip if the work is elongated by the rolling process. The contact face 4 of the guide bars 3 may be tapered, or stepped so that the splines may be correspondingly stepped or tapered. Adjustment of the rolls 5 radially of the work is provided by tapering grooves 10 for longitudinal adjustment of the bars 3 as by screws 12 or rotatable screwed ring 13 engaging hooked ends 14 of the bars 3.
Patent GB-618117-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in clip fastenings
IPC: F16B2/24
Filed: 1946-10-21
Abstract: 618,117. Circlips. TECALEMIT, Ltd., and LE CLAIR, C. C. S. Oct. 21, 1946. No. 31296. [Class 89 (ii)] A circlip for use as an end stop on or in a screw threaded shaft or other part comprises more than one complete turn of resilient wire of round, half-round, square, or triangular &c. section with the ends outturned as at 2 or 2a or inturned as at 21. By pressing against one lug the clip may be applied, adjusted or removed. The end 10 of the shaft is preferably turned to a diameter somewhat less than that of the root diameter of the thread to facilitate the application of the .clip In the case of a bore the end thereof preferably has a plain enlarged portion.
Patent GB-1113614-A (GB)
Title: Process for optically brightening synthetic textile fibres
IPC: D06L4/643
Filed: 1965-07-22
Abstract: <PICT:1113614/C6-C7/1> Synthetic textile fibres, e.g. yarns and fabrics made from cellulose triacetate, polyesters, polyamides or polypropylene, are optically brightened by applying thereto an optical brightener from the vapour phase and thermofixing it on the fibres by dry heat at a temperature of at least 150 DEG C. The brightening agents used are those which do not decompose below the thermofixing temperature and are preferably stable up to 300 DEG C and should be free from acid groups imparting solubility in water, e.g. free carboxyl and sulphonic acid groups. Preferred brightening agents are those containing at least one benzoxazolylthiophene residue although other brightening agents, numerous examples of which are given, may be used.  The thermofixing may be a dry heat treatment at 150 DEG  -250 DEG C which may be carried out after or simultaneously with the application of the brightening agent and may be combined with a permanent shaping of fibres, e.g. in the case of yarns a crimping operation.  In Fig. 2, yarn 22 travels from bobbin 21 over guide roller 23 to vaporizing chamber 24 having double walls heated through a heat carrier, e.g. air, superheated steam or oil filling the interspace, the bottom of the chamber being covered with solid or liquid brightening agent which is vaporized by heating, and is taken up on bobbin 26.
Patent GB-775265-A (GB)
Title: Electric heaters for gases
IPC: F24H3/04
Filed: 1955-11-02
Abstract: 775,265. Heating gases by electricity. BROWN FINTUBE CO. Nov. 2, 1955 [Nov. 18, 1954], No. 31329/55. Class 39(3) An electric heater particularly suitable for heating gases to high temperatures at high pressures comprises heating wire 21 wound on ceramic tubular members 22 supported from a ceramic plate 25 which is suspended from the lower end of a gas outlet pipe 18 by means of straps 26, the straps being extended downwardly to support a bottom ceramic plate 31 through which the members 22 pass. A tube 35 secured at its top end has a plurality of radial fins 36 for the greater portion of its length, but above the level at which gas from an inlet pipe 17 enters the outer shell 10 of the heater, studs 38 are welded to the tube. Cool gas entering the heater flows round the top of the tube 35, down the outside of the tube, then through and around the tubular members 22, the heated gas finally passing from the outlet pipe 18. The tube 35 prevents the shell 10 from becoming excessively hot and thus reduces heat losses therethrough, the fins and studs serving to increase heat transfer from the heating wire to the gas. In a modification, Figs. 3, 4, heating elements 53 comprise silicon carbide bars disposed in a circle concentric with a finned heat transfer member 77, the bars being sprayed with copper at the top and bottom areas 85, 86 to. reduce the resistance of the elements and to thus localize the heating between the sprayed end portions. Three-phase current supply is specified. A further modification, Fig. 6 (not shown), has heating elements consisting of helically coiled wire wound on grooved ceramic tubes of which the upper ends are slidably located on metal tubes to allow for expansion during heating.
Patent GB-812995-A (GB)
Title: Vertical speed computer and altitude control
IPC: G01P3/62
Filed: 1956-10-15
Abstract: 812,995. Electric measuring systems. COLLINS RADIO CO. Oct. 15, 1956 [Jan. 13, 1956], No. 31332/56. Class 40 (1). In order to derive the true altitude of an aircraft from a barometer signal the variations in the signal due to stiction and noise are filtered out and replaced by a true rate signal. As shown (Fig. 2) an aneroid barometer 10 produces a signal proportional to altitude h which is fed through an amplifier 14 and servomotor 16 to reposition the energized rotor of a follow-up selsyn 20 in accordance with changes in the signal from the barometer 10. The motor 16 also drives a rate generator 18 which adds a first differential component to the input of amplifier 14. The servomotor 16 is coupled via a manually operable clutch 28 to the slider of a potentiometer 24, which is spring-biased to a central zero position whenever clutch 28 is released. Hence the signal at the slider of potentiometer 24 is indicative of changes of altitude from a desired value, and is added to the rate signal from generator 18 after amplification at 43 whose gain is pre-adjusted in accordance with the transfer function of the servo system, to give a combined signal at 36 which is accurately indicative of the altitude h. A signal indicative of the true vertical speed is obtained from an accelerometer 11, comprising a strain gauge bridge having one gauge at least on the support beam of a cantilever-supported mass, whose output is fed through a low-pass filter 13 to remove spurious high-frequency noise, a true H.F. component being added from the altitude rate generator 18 to give the required signal at 21.
Patent GB-713945-A (GB)
Title: An improvement in or relating to the controlling of electric motors of the inductiontype
Inventor: LOGAN ROBERT JAMES
IPC: H02P27/02
Filed: 1950-12-23
Abstract: 713,945. Control of A.C. motors. TWEEDALES & SMALLEY (1920), Ltd. March 24, 1952 [Dec. 23, 1950], No. 31334/50. Class 38(3) Reduced voltage is applied to a squirrel cage induction motor 9 during starting by arranging a partially saturated reactor 6 in each line of the supply circuit, the voltage-drop across the reactor remaining substantially constant during the starting period due to the partial saturation of the magnetic circuit. After a predetermined time interval, contacts 5 are opened and contacts 4 closed so that the motor is connected directly to the supply. Tappings in the reactors provide variable control of the amount of reduction of voltage applied to the motor.
Patent GB-1500204-A (GB)
Title: Supporting framework for cladding panels
IPC: E04F13/08
Filed: 1975-07-28
Abstract: 1500204 Cladding pillars DULA-WERKE DUSTMANN & CO 28 July 1974 [29 July 1974] 31423/75 Heading E1W A concrete pillar is clad by panels 9 supported by a polygonal framework comprising beam 6 and vertical mouldings 1, the beams being connected to the mouldings via brackets 2 which can slide up and down the mouldings to adjust their position, and are fixed in the correct position by, e.g. bolts 3 and plates 4. Arms 5 on the brackets are spigoted into the beams 6 and retained by e.g. pins passing through holes 13, 14. Further brackets 2 are employed to locate a lower plinth 15 and an upper trim panel 16.
Patent GB-543309-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to drugs
IPC: A61K9/50
Filed: 1940-12-04
Abstract: 543,309. Medicines. EVANS, J. D., and SMITH, J. M. S. Dec. 4, 1940, No. 31438/39. [Class 81 (i)] Acetyl-salicylic acid and other analgesic drugs such as phenacetin which are derivatives of phenol and possess unpleasant taste are treated by coating them in particle form with fatty or waxy substances e.g. cocoa butter or paraffin wax. A mixture of cocoa butter and paraffin wax is specially suitable. Anti-acid substances e.g. calcium carbonate, may be incorporated with acetyl-salicylic acid. The preparations may be made up in tablets, &c. and substances such as sugar and chocolate and binding agents such as gums and gelatine may be incorporated therewith.
Patent GB-369644-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in animated picture records
IPC: G03D15/00
Filed: 1930-10-20
Abstract: 369,644. Television. WALTON, G. W., 36, Ledbury Road, London. Oct. 20, 1930, No. 31467. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Oct. 21, 1930.] Drawings to Specification. [Class 40 (iii).] Image records of the type described in Specification 328,286, [Class 40 (iii), Telegraphs, Electric], are impressed continuously, and without interruption of the exposure, on a moving record surface. The record may be made photographically on a film strip, in circular or spiral form on a disc, or on a cylinder in the form of a helix or otherwise, and the record material may be opaque or transparent. Multiple records, which may be colour-selective, may be arranged side by side on one record surface.
Patent GB-947614-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to data transmission error checking arrangements
IPC: H04L1/00
Filed: 1961-09-01
Abstract: 947,614. Transistor switching circuits. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Sept. 1, 1961 [Sept. 6, 1960], No. 31530/61. Heading H3T. [Also in Division G4] A parity check circuit comprises a number of transistors. The basic circuit for a four-unit code is illustrated in Fig. 9, the practical realization of the circuit being as in Fig. 10.