baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-2091151-B1 (ES)
Title: Mejoras en el objeto de la patente principal n. 9102492, por "cochiquera para el destete precoz y transicion de lechones".
Inventor: ROCA MASGRAU JOSEP
IPC: A01K1/02
Filed: 1993-11-25
Granted: 1997-05-16
Abstract: MEJORAS EN EL OBJETO DE LA PATENTE PRINCIPAL POR NUMERO 9102492 POR "COCHIQUERA PARA EL DESTETE PRECOZ Y TRANSICION DE LECHONES". UNA COCHIQUERA CONSTITUIDA POR UN RECINTO CERRADO (1) DE PAREDES TERMOAISLANTES (2), DOTADO DE UNA PUERTA DE ACCESO (3) CON UNA COMPUERTA SUPERIOR (4) DE APERTURA CONTROLADA, SUELO ENREJADO (11) PARA ELIMINACION DE EXCREMENTOS, Y DOTADO TAMBIEN DE UN IMPULSOR DE AIRE (19) Y DE UN DIFUSOR (20) PARA LA AERACION DEL INTERIOR DEL RECINTO (1) Y SALIDAS INFERIORES (22) PARA EVACUACION DE AIRE VICIADO, SE CARACTERIZA PORQUE DISPONE DE MEDIOS PARA LA REGULACION DE LA VELOCIDAD DEL IMPULSOR DE AIRE (19) EN FUNCION DE LA TEMPERATURA DESEADA EN EL RECINTO (1). TAMBIEN COMPRENDE UNA VALVULA (32), SITUADA EN LA ZONA DE SALIDA DE AIRE DEL RECINTO (1), PARA CONSEGUIR UNA SOBREPRESION EN EL MISMO, CUYA VALVULA (32) COMPRENDE UN PAR DE ALETAS (35, 36) ARTICULADA EN UN EJE. DICHA VALVULA (32) ESTA DISPUESTA EN UNA CAMPANA (31) SITUADA EN LA PARTE POSTERIOR DE LA COCHIQUERA. SE CONSIGUE UNA SOBREPRESION Y UNA VELOCIDAD DE CIRCULACION DEL AIRE ADECUADAS.
Patent ES-2117491-B1 (ES)
Title: Filtro de valvula de descarga y orificio de derivacion.
Inventor: WHITESIDE JOHN F
IPC: F16K51/00
Filed: 1994-05-09
Granted: 1999-03-16
Abstract: FILTRO DE VALVULA DE DESCARGA Y ORIFICIO DE DERIVACION PARA DISPOSITIVOS DE RETRETE, CON UN CUERPO CON UNA ENTRADA, UNA SALIDA Y UN ASIENTO DE VALVULA; UN MIEMBRO DE VALVULA ES MOVIBLE A UNA POSICION DE CIERRE SOBRE EL ASIENTO DE VALVULA, E INCLUYE UN DIAFRAGMA PERIFERICAMENTE FIJADO A DICHO CUERPO, UN ANILLO RELLENO FIJADO A DICHO DIAFRAGMA PARA CONTROLAR EL FLUJO DE AGUA QUE VA A DICHA SALIDA, Y UN DISCO RETENEDOR QUE SE UTILIZA PARA FIJAR DICHO ANILLO DE RELLENO AL DIAFRAGMA; PARA MANTENER AL MIEMBRO DE VALVULA SOBRE EL ASIENTO HAY UNA CAMARA DE PRESION ENCIMA DEL DIAFRAGMA; UN FILTRO Y UN ORIFICIO DE DERIVACION CONECTAN LA ENTRADA Y LA CAMARA DE PRESION, ESTANDO FORMADO DICHO ORIFICIO DE DERIVACION EN EL DISCO RETENEDOR Y SIENDO FORMADO PARCIALMENTE EL FILTRO POR UNA PORCION DEL DIAFRAGMA.
Patent ES-2100803-B1 (ES)
Title: Circuito integrado de actuacion y exploracion doble.
Inventor: PEREZ ROLDAN LUIS
IPC: G08C19/22
Filed: 1994-05-20
Granted: 1998-04-16
Abstract: EL CIRCUITO INTEGRADO DE ACTUACION Y EXPLORACION DOBLE, CONSISTE EN QUE LOS MODULADORES (24) DE LOS REGULADORES DE POTENCIA PROGRAMABLES (11), TRANSMITEN A LAS ETAPAS DE POTENCIA LAS ORDENES DE TRANSFERENCIA DE ENERGIA CORRESPONDIENTE A LA PROGRAMACION REALIZADA EN EL CIRCUITO Y LA MODULACION DE SUS SEÑALES DE SALIDA DEPENDERA DE LA PROGRAMACION REALIZADA Y DE LA REALIMENTACION RECIBIDA DE LOS PUNTOS DE SALIDA (7) QUE CONTROLA, COMUNICANDOSE MEDIANTE UN ENLACE SERIE CON UN SISTEMA DE CONTROL GENERAL (28), DE TAL FORMA QUE ESTE SISTEMA DE CONTROL VARIE SU PROGRAMACION Y RECIBA LOS DATOS CORRESPONDIENTES A LA ACTUACION DEL CIRCUITO.
Patent ES-2159450-B1 (ES)
Title: Perfeccionamientos introducidos en la patente de invencion 9702313 por premarco para cerramientos.
Inventor: HERNANPEREZ CUESTA JUAN RAMON
IPC: E06B3/972
Filed: 1998-03-09
Granted: 2002-04-01
Abstract: Perfeccionamientos introducidos en la patente de invención 9702313 por premarco para cerramientos. Estos perfeccionamientos contemplan la utilización con el premarco de un cajón recogedor de cinta que se monta sobre mismo mediante unas patas de fijación y de un soporte pasacintas; los cuales están conformados por porciones de perfiles extrusionados. El cajón recogedor presenta unas guías longitudinales para el montaje de las patas de fijación y de unos tornillos que fijan las tapas anterior y posterior del mismo. Tanto las patas de fijación del cajón como el soporte presentan en uno de sus extremos unas configuraciones adecuadas para alojarse en una cavidad longitudinal definida en el premarco, inmovilizándose mediante tornillos de apriete.
Patent ES-2199611-B1 (ES)
Title: Terminacion del tipo de abrazadera de cuña para elemento de tension de ascensor.
Inventor: ERICSON RICHARD J
IPC: B66B7/00
Filed: 1999-02-22
Granted: 2005-06-01
Abstract: Terminación del tipo de abrazadera de cuña para elemento de tensión de ascensor. Un dispositivo de terminación de elemento de tensión optimizado para terminar elementos de tensión planos que tienen recubrimientos exteriores compresibles, incluyendo el dispositivo una cuña y una rótula, teniendo cada una superficies cooperantes colocadas en un ángulo predeterminado para fijar el elemento tensión entremedio. El ángulo fija fiablemente el elemento de tensión a la vez que evita la presión y el esfuerzo nocivos sobre el elemento de tensión. La invención también proporciona una abrazadera de seguridad para uso opcional con el dispositivo de terminación de elemento de tensión.
Patent ES-2165263-B1 (ES)
Title: Mejoras introducidas en la patente de invencion p9800877, por "barandilla de seguridad para tejados".
Inventor: ERKOREKA ZALDUNBIDE JOSE
IPC: E04G21/32
Filed: 1999-03-23
Granted: 2005-01-01
Abstract: "Mejoras introducidas en la patente de invención P. 9800877, por "Barandilla de seguridad para tejados". Las mejoras son aplicables en la pieza que constituye el zócalo inferior de la parte de una barandilla de seguridad que se monta sobre un tejado, en donde dicha pieza de zócalo está constituida por una placa ondulada (1) de poliéster reforzado con fibra de vidrio y de reducido espesor, obteniéndose ésta por pultrusión o extrusión de termoplásticos. El zócalo así obtenido es de reducido peso, fácilmente apilable con ocupación volumétrica mínima, proporcionando una alta resistencia capaz de soportar grandes cargas, tanto estáticas como dinámicas.
Patent ES-2165282-B1 (ES)
Title: Un sujetador.
Inventor: PRAT GONZALEZ PEDRO
IPC: A47H23/04
Filed: 1999-09-03
Granted: 2003-10-01
Abstract: Un sujetador que incorpora, al menos en la parte de las copas (2), un tejido con el entrelazado de los hilos abierto, mallado, con una estructura de dichas mallas tipo guipur (1), es decir, un tejido como el empleado en la fabricación de cortinas de mallas, y que configura por preformado la superficie en casquete de las copas; de manera tal que permite que las mencionadas copas no incluyan ninguna costura que cruce el interior de las mismas.
Patent FR-2808673-B1 (FR)
Inventor: LEMAIRE JEAN PHILIPPE
IPC: A61F2/28
Filed: 2000-05-11
Granted: 2002-12-06
Abstract: The invention relates to an intersomatic implant for insertion in the intervertebral space defined between two adjacent lumbar vertebrae, referred to as an overlying vertebra and an underlying vertebra, in order to reestablish the anatomical shape of the intervertebral space. According to the invention, the implant includes at least one spacer ramp (12a, 13a, 13b): extending between the anterior and posterior transverse walls (4) so as to project relative to a transverse face (8) in order to determine relative spacing between the underlying and overlying vertebrae while the implant is being inserted into the intervertebral space; and presenting a profile which is to be found circumscribed inside the intervertebral space in which the implant is to be placed.
Patent FR-2812099-B1 (FR)
Inventor: URBAIN FRANCOIS
IPC: G06F11/30
Filed: 2000-07-19
Granted: 2006-06-16
Abstract: The system has an agent (AGM) which can measure resource usage over time. The evolution of resource consumption is predicted using a method of approximation, and the processes making the greatest demands on resource identified. A threshold condition is used to determine when a predefined corrective action should be launched.
Patent FR-2816507-B1 (FR)
Inventor: BRUNA ETIENNE
IPC: A61K9/32
Filed: 2000-11-16
Granted: 2003-02-28
Abstract: The invention concerns a microgranule consisting of a core coated with at least a coating layer, said coated core comprising at least an active principle. The invention is characterised in that the core and said coating layer contain each between 80 and 95 wt. % of active principle, the complement to 100% consisting of at least a binding agent, and the coated core has a substantially spherical shape. The invention also concerns the method for making such microgranules.
Patent FR-2842205-B1 (FR)
Inventor: DUBUISSON ALAIN
IPC: C09D167/06
Filed: 2002-07-15
Granted: 2006-05-19
Abstract: Liquid composition (C1) for varnish production comprises a dicyclopentadiene-modified polyester resin, an epoxy resin and a hardener for the epoxy resin. The two resins are compatible and miscible, forming two interpenetrating networks of thermoset polymers, and the composition is free of styrene, vinyltoluene and diallyl phthalate. Independent claims are also included for: (1) production of C1 by hydrolyzing maleic anhydride, esterifying part of the acid functions with a dicyclopentadiene derivative and esterifying the rest with a polyol, and mixing the resulting polyester with an epoxy resin and hardener; (2) thermoset varnish comprising a polymer network of dicyclopentadiene-modified polyester interpenetrated with an epoxy polymer network; (3) production of the varnish by gelling C1 and polymerizing the resulting prepolymers.
Patent FR-2846396-B1 (FR)
Inventor: TUFFE STEPHANE
IPC: F16L13/14
Filed: 2002-10-24
Granted: 2005-05-13
Abstract: The connection has an opening to engage an end of a tube (2) and a peripheral zone (3) to allow the tube to be fixed after an operation of setting a zone level. The zone is covered by a sleeve (4) made of a retractable thermoplastic material. The sleeve is designed to break at the time of the setting operation. The sleeve has an S-shaped or linear precut zone of weakness around the peripheral zone with a specific color.
Patent FR-2847115-B1 (FR)
Inventor: ROUX ALAIN
IPC: H05B6/12
Filed: 2002-11-12
Granted: 2005-07-01
Abstract: The device has an electrically conducting coil material (3) laid out in one plane. A magnetic conducting unit is arranged on another plane in contact with the coil. A material unit with high heating capacitance (6) is included in the latter plane. The material unit extends in a space ranging between the magnetic conducting unit. The material unit has a large heating capacity of more than 1000 kiloJouledividecube meterdivideKelvin.  An Independent claim is also included for an induction hotplate.
Patent FR-2858383-B1 (FR)
Inventor: LEONETTI BERNARD
IPC: F16J15/34
Filed: 2003-07-29
Granted: 2005-09-30
Abstract: The assembly has three metallic bands (13), each with two end legs. One leg has a shape of a fork comprising two branches. A part of one branch of the fork is arranged in a manner for being flat against one side of a metallic washer turned towards a ring (8). Another ring (6) has a groove emerging from the outside of a side wall of the ring (6). Another branch of the fork penetrates in the groove.
Patent FR-2866300-B1 (FR)
Inventor: ARBEL CLAUDE LUCIEN
IPC: B61D3/14
Filed: 2004-02-16
Granted: 2006-03-17
Abstract: The wagon has a central beam (A) of width lower than the minimum inner spacing of the wheels of a transported road semi-trailer. The semi-trailer overlaps the beam, to permit the lowest point of the wheels to be much lower than the upper side of the beam. The beam supports bending stresses due to the weight of the semi-trailer as well as traction and collision forces.
Patent FR-2869276-B1 (FR)
Inventor: ANDRE GERALD
IPC: B62D25/08
Filed: 2004-04-23
Granted: 2006-07-28
Abstract: The invention relates to an impact beam comprising a metal crosspiece and reinforcement ribs made of a plastics material and overmolded onto the metal crosspiece.
Patent FR-2870708-B1 (FR)
Inventor: BIMBARD FRANCK
IPC: G01J5/08
Filed: 2004-05-25
Granted: 2007-02-23
Abstract: The inventive device comprises a directional infrared sensor (6) having a cyindrical or slightly conical detection volume in order to detect infrared radiation which is exclusively emitted by a first area (1) of the emitting surface of the object or body whose temperature is to be measured, located inside said detection volume, and means for treating information provided by the sensor (6), in addition to calculating means which can determine the temperature of said object or body on the basis of said information. The inventive device also comprises a luminous radiation source (SL) which emits inside the visible spectrum, said source (SL) being associated with projection means creating a beam of light which can illuminate a second area of the emitting surface including said first area (1).
Patent FR-2874394-B1 (FR)
Inventor: MERIGOT JEAN PAUL
IPC: E04G5/06
Filed: 2004-08-17
Granted: 2006-09-22
Abstract: The system has a sling (1) tied to a structural unit and adjusted in length by a stirrup bar (2). A scaffolding console (23) has an orifice (3) interlocked in a shoulder dowel that is integrated to a support`s head comprising a slanting arm (6). The bar includes a set of cable holders that is integrated to a U-shaped string and includes cable clamps blocking under the action of nuts.
Patent FR-2875659-B1 (FR)
Inventor: GELLER BENOIT NORBERT
IPC: H04L27/38
Filed: 2004-09-20
Granted: 2006-12-22
Abstract: The invention concerns a method for estimating the gain and/or the phase of observation data (y<SUB>k</SUB>) transmitted in QAM modulation. The method includes (A) iteratively estimating the phase and/or gain parameters based on a specific phase and/or gain law and (B) executing an adaptive procedure for estimating the phase and/or gain parameters, the adaptive procedure including at least one function for estimating the parameters based on the value of likelihood probability, expressed in terms of log-likelihood, of each observation data (y<SUB>k</SUB>) with respect to the set of bits constituting the symbols of the QAM modulation. The invention is applicable to single-carrier or multicarrier digital transmissions.
Patent FR-2895312-B1 (FR)
Inventor: MERINO LOPEZ JOSE
IPC: B60C5/00
Filed: 2005-12-23
Granted: 2009-11-27
Abstract: Inner tube for an inflatable assembly consisting of a tire and of a rim, the said chamber consisting of material of the foam type, characterized in that the said chamber has a length Lc of the normal section of the inner tube greater than the length Lpi of the internal cross section of the corresponding tire mounted on its rim and that in contact with the internal air. This then yields the relationship Lc>Lpi and, in an alternative form, Lc=Lpi.
Patent FR-2889228-B1 (FR)
Inventor: TOBOSO ALEXANDRA
IPC: E05B5/00
Filed: 2005-07-27
Granted: 2008-11-21
Abstract: A control device for locking and unlocking a door includes a handle (46) whose movement makes it possible to control the change of state of the locking or unlocking of the door, a hinged flap (54) that can move between a closed position and an open position in which it makes it possible to grip the handle, elements for locking and unlocking the handle that are able to occupy two states, a first locked state in which the handle is immobilized and a second unlocked state in which the handle can be maneuvered, and a stop (64) that makes it possible to control the movement of the hinged flap (54), during the change of state of the locking and unlocking elements, wherein the stop is elastically deformable so as to be able to be deformed by the hinged flap during the change of state of the locking and unlocking elements.
Patent FR-2911662-B1 (FR)
Inventor: TRAVERSAZ PHILIPPE
IPC: A61M5/14
Filed: 2007-01-20
Granted: 2009-02-27
Abstract: A device for securing an object on a holder includes a platen attached to the object, a tightening element that pivots relative to the platen so that it can be folded back against the platen or raised perpendicularly to the platen. A lock is provided for locking the tightening element in the position perpendicular to the platen. The lock includes a tab that moves between a stowed position in which, when the tightening element is in the raised position, the tab bears against the tightening element and blocks it in this position, and a drawn out position in which the tab allows the tightening element to pivot towards the platen so that, in the folded position of the tightening element, the tab bears against a face of the tightening means different from the inner face.
Patent FR-2946337-B1 (FR)
Title: Produit fritte a base d'alumine et de zircone
Inventor: NONNET EMMANUEL PIERRE MARCEL
IPC: B02C17/20
Filed: 2009-06-03
Granted: 2011-08-05
Abstract: Particule frittée présentant une analyse chimique telle que, en pourcentages en masse, ZrO partiellement stabilisée : complément à 100%, Al O : 10-60% additif sélectionné parmi CaO, un oxyde de manganèse, ZnO, La O , un oxyde de praséodyme, SrO, un oxyde de cuivre, Nd O , BaO, un oxyde de fer, et leurs mélanges : 0,2 - 6%, la teneur en CaO étant inférieure à 2%, impuretés : < 2%, la zircone étant stabilisée avec CeO et Y O présents en des teneurs molaires, en pourcentages molaires sur la base de la somme de ZrO , CeO et Y O , telles que CeO : 6 - 11 mol% et Y O : 0,5 - 2 mol%, la particule étant obtenue par frittage à une température supérieure à 1300°C et supérieure à 1400°C : (C1) si l'additif est CaO ou (C2) si la teneur molaire en CeO est comprise entre 10% et 11 %
Patent FR-2955209-B1 (FR)
Title: Systeme de gestion et de commande de panneaux photovoltaiques
Inventor: POZSGAY ANDRAS
IPC: H02J7/35
Filed: 2010-01-12
Granted: 2015-06-05
Abstract: Un module de commande locale d'un panneau photovoltaïque comprend des première et seconde bornes (B1, B2) de mise en série par un conducteur unique (13) avec des modules homologues ; une première borne (A1) de connexion du panneau photovoltaïque, reliée à la première borne (B1) de mise en série ; un commutateur (S) relié entre la seconde borne (B2) de mise en série et une seconde borne (A2) de connexion du panneau ; une diode (DO) reliée entre les première et seconde bornes (B1, B2) de mise en série ; un convertisseur (70) prévu pour alimenter le module à partir de la tension développée par le panneau entre les première et seconde bornes (A1, A2) de connexion du panneau ; un capteur (R3) pour mesurer le courant circulant dans le conducteur unique (13) ; et des moyens (60, 62) pour fermer le commutateur lorsque le courant circulant dans le conducteur unique dépasse un seuil.
Patent FR-2958646-B1 (FR)
Title: Polysaccharides comportant des groupes fonctionnels carboxyles substitues par un derive d'acide hydrophobe.
Inventor: CHARVET RICHARD
IPC: A61K38/00
Filed: 2010-04-07
Granted: 2012-05-18
Abstract: La présente invention concerne de nouveaux dérivés de polysaccharides comportant des groupes fonctionnels carboxyles en partie substitués par au moins un dérivé d'acide hydrophobe. Elle concerne également une méthode de synthèse permettant de les obtenir et des compositions pharmaceutiques les comprenant.
Patent FR-2969380-B1 (FR)
Inventor: DUTILLY XAVIER
IPC: H01L23/38
Filed: 2010-12-20
Granted: 2013-03-01
Abstract: The device (1) has a half-case (16) resting on a head (11) of a screw (23), and another half-case (17) resting on a heat sink (4) of a Peltier assembly directly above a thread (12) of the screw, where the half-cases are connected to each other by a connector (20). The head of the screw rests on another heat sink (3) of the Peltier assembly, and the thread is engaged on the former heat sink. The heat sinks respectively include heat exchange fins (8, 10) and bases (7, 9) that are in contact with a thermoelectric cell (2) of the Peltier assembly. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a ventilation system comprising a fixing device (2) an air conditioning system of a battery, comprising a ventilation system.
Patent FR-2969686-B1 (FR)
Title: Unite d'entrainement et de transmission, element fonctionnel et montage forme de cette unite et de l'element fonctionnel
Inventor: GOEDECKE MARTIN
IPC: E05F11/50
Filed: 2011-12-22
Granted: 2019-06-28
Abstract: Unité d'entraînement et de transmission comportant un élément de sortie (22) venant en saillie d'un boîtier et formant une interface pour un élément fonctionnel mobile, et ayant une première géométrie de liaison par la forme (25) pour la liaison avec l'élément fonctionnel qui a une seconde géométrie de liaison par la forme. La première géométrie de liaison par la forme (25) a une première extension maximale (a) sur l'élément de sortie (22) au niveau de l'interface par rapport à son axe longitudinal . La première géométrie de liaison par la forme (25) de l'élément de sortie (22) a une seconde extension maximale (A) supérieure à la première extension maximale (a).
Patent FR-2963426-B1 (FR)
Inventor: FIX RICHARD
IPC: G01N27/22
Filed: 2011-07-27
Granted: 2013-12-06
Abstract: The device has an insulator material (102) with predetermined thickness and applied on an electrically contactable endowed semiconductor material (100). An electrically contactable metal film (104) is applied on the insulator material, and comprises an aperture (106) with predetermined pore width. The pore width comprises a pre-defined ratio to the thickness of the insulator material. The insulator material lies in a region of the aperture. The thickness of the insulator material is smaller than the pore width. The metal film comprises catalytic properties. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for detecting gas (2) a computer program product having a set of instructions for executing a method for detecting gas.
Patent FR-2978692-B1 (FR)
Inventor: MATHON RICHARD
IPC: B26D7/08
Filed: 2011-08-04
Granted: 2013-09-06
Abstract: The invention concerns a device for use in cutting a layer having a fibrous texture that is wound onto an impregnation mandrel of a winding machine, comprising two positioning shims (102) that are each designed to be positioned on a side plate (26) of the impregnation mandrel, and a plate (108) forming a cutting template that is designed to be positioned on the layer having a fibrous texture (180) to be cut, level with the protective film, said plate being provided with a slot (110) extending in position between the side plates of the impregnation mandrel and designed to serve as a guide for a cutting tool (200).
Patent FR-2979358-B1 (FR)
Inventor: DELRIEUX JEROME
IPC: D21H19/10
Filed: 2011-08-31
Granted: 2013-09-27
Abstract: The present invention relates to a data medium intended for printing on liquid toner presses, comprising a substrate coated on at least one of its faces with an adhesion primer suitable for liquid electrophotography, and at least one security element, said printable face coated with the adhesion primer having a non-random relief conferring a Bendtsen surface roughness in the range from 500 to 1500 ml/min. Said relief is in particular visible to the naked eye in raking light.
Patent FR-2999139-B1 (FR)
Title: Procede de controle de couples lors du changement de rapport d'une boite de vitesses d'un vehicule hybride
Inventor: LE NEINDRE YVAN
IPC: B60W30/18
Filed: 2012-12-06
Granted: 2015-01-02
Abstract: Procédé de contrôle de couples pour un véhicule hybride, pendant un changement de rapport d'une boîte de vitesses (4) reliant un moteur thermique (2) à un premier train roulant, ce véhicule comportant une machine électrique (20) qui entraîne le deuxième train roulant (22), caractérisé en ce que pour l'ouverture de l'embrayage (8) il réalise une diminution du contrôle en couple du moteur thermique (2) qui vise un petit niveau de couple cible calculé, et une diminution correspondante de la consigne de couple de l'embrayage, puis au moment (t1) où le couple cible est atteint il applique une chute brutale de la consigne de couple ainsi qu'une consigne d'ouverture instantanée de l'embrayage (8), le couple cible étant calculé pour que la chute forme un écart qui compense la variation d'inertie de la chaîne de traction due à l'ouverture complète de l'embrayage.