baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-533074-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to liquid level measuring and indicating devices
IPC: G01F23/42
Filed: 1939-04-25
Abstract: 533,074. Indicating liquid levels. LANG, C. H. April 25, 1939, No. 15295/40. Convention date, April 25, 1938. Divided out of 532,380. [Class 123 (i)] [Also in Group XIX] A device for indicating the level of a body of liquid includes a displacement member coupled to a flexible suspension means and freely suspended therefrom in the liquid, and indicator means directly actuated by winding means for the suspension means, said indicator means including a pointer and dial with a rack and pinion mechanism for moving the pointer radially across the dial from a position near the centre to the edge of the dial. In the general layout Fig. 1, the liquid level gauge 10 is mounted adjacent an oil tank 30. A boat-shaped or otherwise formed displacement member 15 with a specific gravity greater than that of the liquid is suspended by a wire 13 which passes over idler pulleys 14 and is attached at its other end to a drum 60 Fig 2, carrying an indicator dial 12. A cable 64 attached to a drum 65 supports a counter-weight 17 provided with a loop chain 18 attached at one end to the counterweight casing 21. The weight of the chain 18 supported by the counter-weight balances that of the chain 13 between low and high level. Instead of a chain to maintain a constant torque, a fusee or a tape which winds upon itself may be employed. A counter-weight 17<SP>1</SP> may also be attached to the suspension wire 13 and the weights 17, 17<SP>1</SP> may be supported by springs. The indicating dial 12 and drum 60 are secured on a spindle 66 supported on cross bars in the casing. The spindle 66 is formed with a pinion 71 which co-operates with a rack 72 Fig. 3 carried in a frame 74 ... 76 slidable in grooves in a block 80 attached to the front cross bar. The top of the frame carries a pointer 82 and a screen 83 to co-operate with the spirally arranged graduations 85 on the dial. The movement of the rack bar is limited by providing upper and lower blank spaces 84 in the rack. A fractional scale 86 on the periphery of the dial co-operates with a fixed pointer 87. In instances where the liquid is maintained under pressure or where corrosive fumes are evolved the indicating part of the instrument is housed in a separate part of the casing, the rotation of the drum 60 being transmitted by a magnetic coupling 90, Fig. 5, to the pointer and dial 12. The shaft of the drum carries a block 107 of permanently magnetized material to which is attached soft iron pole pieces 108 with toothed edges. A cylindrical shell 102 of non-magnetic material surrounds the pole pieces and outside the shell the indicator shaft 110 carries a block of magnetic material 115 with similarly toothed pole pieces 116. In a modification the magnetic coupling type of instrument may be combined with a telemetric system to indicate on a receiving instrument at a distance or central station. A horizontally arranged indicator may be provided for use with underground tanks.
Patent GB-910677-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the control of steam turbine plants
Inventor: MCTAGGART JOHN
IPC: H02P9/00
Filed: 1958-05-13
Abstract: 910,677. Nuclear power plant. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. May 8, 1959 [May 13, 1958], No. 15332/58. Class 39 (4). A prime mover whose working fluid is heated by a nuclear reactor coolant has a control system which varies the mass flow of coolant in dependence on the load on the prime mover, so that the coolant temperature at the outlet from the reactor is kept constant. In Fig. 3, steam turbines T 1 , T 2  have throttle valves TV 1 , TV 2  whose settings are used to generate signals in coils W 1 , W 2  wound on a common core CO. A third coil W 3  carries a signal representing the difference between the actual steam pressure and a desired pressure, derived from a device PS. These three signals are additive. A fourth coil W 4  carries a signal representing the speed of the coolant gas blower; this signal is subtracted from the first three. A pick-up coil W 5  operates a phase-sensitive relay PSR whenever the flux in the core, i.e. the difference between the signal in W 4  and the sum of those in W 1 , W 2  and W 3 , exceeds a certain value; this relay controls the power supply to the blower. The automatic control can be cut out by a switch MS. Alternatively, the load signal may be derived from the turbine inlet steam pressure, or from the output of an alternator driven by the turbine, instead of from the throttle valves.
Patent GB-126233-A (GB)
Title: New or Improved Machinery or Apparatus to be Employed in the Manufacture of Needles and like Small Wire Articles.
Inventor: O'NEAL ARTHUR
IPC: B21G1/00
Filed: 1918-09-21
Abstract: 126,233. O'Neal, A., Bird, J., and Bird, L. Sept. 21, 1918. Packeting needles and the like in receptacles.- A machine for evening-up and washing needles and like small wire articles comprises (1) an inclined receiving-tray a in which the disordered needles &c., mixed with foreign bodies, are placed and subjected to the action of a washing-liquid, such as soap suds, and (2) an evening- up tray c which is arranged under the open end of the tray a, and is detachably mounted in a vibrating carrier k. The tray a is pivoted at e to the standards b' and rests at the bottom on the tray c. the vibrations of the tray c being communicated to the tray a. The bottom of the tray a is preferably formed with longitudinal corrugations which co-operate with fingers d<1> to effect a preliminary evening-up of the needles. The tray a can be supported in a horizontal position by props g which can be rocked by a hand-lever g'. The washing-liquid may be supplied from a can or from sprinklers arranged above the tray. Or, as shown, the liquid may be supplied by a pipe on which is mounted a pipe secured to the tray, the pipes having apertures arranged so that liquid is supplied and cut off when the tray is in the inclined and horizontal positions respectively. The tray c is arranged in a slightly inclined position and is provided with longitudinal troughs c<1> each divided by a partition for preventing the needles from lying across the trough. The partition may be formed in two parts h, h<1>, the part h being secured to the trough and the part h<1> being secured to a flap i pivoted at i<2> to the tray. The flap is provided with depending partitions i<1> which reach nearly to the bottom of the troughs and prevent aggregations of needles from passing. The flap may be provided with more than one series of partitions i<1> and also with longitudinal plates h<2> which reach nearly to the troughs. Fingers c' depend into the troughs. The carrier k receives longitudinal movement from a cam o, and is then bumped against a bar b<2> by springs l, and the inner end of the carrier is lifted and dropped by a cam m. The cams are arranged at the middle of the tray. The tray c is preferably arranged to have slight longitudinal play in the carrier, and is cushioned by a spring k<1>. The tray c is provided with draining-perforations. To reduce the drop of the needles from the tray a, the tray c may be shallower at the inner than at the outer end. Specification 15693/13 is referred to.
Patent GB-375045-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing a glimmering or iridescent appearance on cement or like coatings or surfaces
IPC: C04B41/53
Filed: 1931-05-26
Abstract: 375,045. Ornamenting cement &c. surfaces. WEITHALER, A., 3, Mittler Weg, Crailsheim, Wurtemberg, Germany. May 26, 1931, No. 15394. [Class 93.] A glimmering or iridescent appearance is produced on cement or like surfaces or coatings by obtaining a smooth glass-like surface and etching the surface with a weak mordant to produce a finely pitted surface exhibiting a light-interference effect. Where the cement materials do not contain small particles of etch-resistant substances, a small quantity of a finely divided substance such as trass, casein, dialyzed silicic acid, calcium hydrate, calcium carbonate, or pulverized quartz is added to the cement or to the binder. Dilute hydrochloric, acetic, and oxalic acids, carbonic acid gas or solution, alum solution, dilute lye, and dilute ammonium solution are mentioned as examples of suitable etching-agents. When the etching has proceeded far enough, the surface is washed with water or a neutralizing solution, and a protective coating such as a lac solution or an alcoholic soap solution is applied. The cement surface may be coloured prior to etching, and the etching may be repeated if necessary.
Patent GB-151098-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of cyanides
IPC: C01C3/00
Filed: 1919-06-20
Abstract: In the production of cyanides by the reaction of free nitrogen on a mixture of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal or compound, carbon, and a catalyst, the catalyst such as iron manganese, nickel or copper, is introduced in the form of a compound not containing any element other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, and is reduced at a temperature below 55 DEG  C.  Iron hydroxide prepared by precipitating ferrous sulphate with ammonia, and iron oxalate are mentioned.  Specifications 3341/78, 1004/80, 5617/81, and 116,365 are referred to.
Patent GB-998017-A (GB)
Title: Laminated articles
Inventor: ADOLPH COLIN WILLIAM
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1963-04-19
Abstract: 998,017. Laminates. HOWARDS OF ILFORD Ltd. March 26, 1964 [April 19, 1963], No. 15627/63. Heading B5N. A laminate has at least one of its surface layers coated or impregnated with an aminealdehyde - cycloaliphatic ketone resin. The amine may be melamine, urea or benzoguanamine, the aldehyde formaldehyde, and the ketone cyclohexane or an alkyl-substituted cyclohexanone. Preferably 2 to 4À5 amino groups are used for every keto group. The resin is produced by condensing the aldehyde and cycloaliphatic ketone in an aqueous alkaline medium then condensing the amine with this product. The laminate may be of paper or a decorative laminate comprising a substrate of plywood, resin-bonded wood fibres, or resinimpregnated paper or crepe paper sheets, a resin-impregnated paper sheet incorporating a design and an overlay sheet of viscose rayon paper or alpha-cellulose paper. The overlay sheet and possibly the design sheet are impregnated with the amine-aldehyde-cycloaliphatic ketone resin and the layers united by heat and pressure.
Patent GB-200803-A (GB)
IPC: H01J13/28
Filed: 1923-06-15
Abstract: 200,803. Akt.-Ges. Brown, Boveri, et Cie. July 12, 1922, [Convention date]. Vapour apparatus, arrangements of.-The heating-resistance f of a vacuum pump such as a mercury vapour pump for use with a rectifier b is connected in the secondary circuit cf a transformer e supplying the exciting current to the rectifier.
Patent GB-593964-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to frequency discriminators and circuits employing frequency discriminators
IPC: H03D3/12
Filed: 1945-06-20
Abstract: 593,964. Automatic tuning correction. COCKROFT, A. L. June 20, 1945, No. 15788. [Class 40 (v)] [Also in Group XXXV] In an A.F.C. arrangement wherein for deviations outside of the range of the normal frequency discriminator a separate oscillation-generator is switched in circuit to sweep the frequency of the oscillating circuit being controlled over a range including the discriminator range, the frequency discriminator includes two thermionic valves connected in balanced relation and having a common cathode load circuit arranged so that the current variations therein at the limits of the discriminator frequency range, control the switching on and off of the oscillation generator. As shown, applied to a superheterodyne receiver, the I.F. is fed over terminal T1 through an amplifier V6 tuned to the I.F. and condensers C5, C18 to the grids of two similar valves V2, V3. These valves are arranged in a balanced circuit with a common cathode load resistor R12, and their anode circuits include tuned transformers TR1, TR2 tuned respectively below and above the I.F. The currents in the secondary windings of transformers TR1, TR2 are rectified, respectively, in diodes VI, V4 and after smoothing by C1, R1, C2, C22, R23, C21 develop steady voltages across the load resistors R33, R34 which bias negatively the respective valves V2, V3. At zero deviation of the I.F. the valves V2, V3 are equally biassed and the anode current flow under these conditions is adjusted by a potentiometer R16 to produce a substantially steady voltage, e.g. 100 volts at the junction of R17, R18. This voltage smoothed by R24, C23, is applied at T2 to control the local oscillator, e.g. through the reactance valve modulator, or where a reflection type velocity-modulated oscillator valve is used this control voltage is applied to the reflector electrode. For I.F. deviations in either direction the combined cathode current of valves V2, V3 through resistor R12 increases but as shown in the Specification the control voltage at T2 rises or falls in accordance with the sense of the deviation. For deviations in either direction, beyond the normal control range of the discriminator, e.g. 45Œ 2 mc/s., the cathode current in R12 increases to,reduce the bias on a normally blocked valve oscillator V5 of the phase shift type, so that the valve V5 oscillates and its output, applied over a condenser C24 to terminal T2, sweeps the local oscillator frequency over a range, e.g. 45Œ 20 mc/s. The discriminator control takes over and biasses the generator V5 to cut off as soon as the frequency of the local oscillator is brought within the range of the normal discriminator control. The tuned amplifier V6 may be dispensed with.
Patent GB-578467-A (GB)
Title: Lubrication of pistons of reciprocating fluid-pressure engines
IPC: F01M9/06
Filed: 1944-08-18
Abstract: 578,467. Pistons. LISTER & CO., Ltd., R. A., and MELLERUP. A. E. Aug. 18, 1944, No. 15792. [Class 122 (i)] Lubrication of a piston 12 reciprocating in a cylinder 13 so as to project beyond the cylinder wall at the incentre position, is effected by providing the high pressure face of the piston with part circumferential V-shaped grooves 14 of length about equal to that of the big end bearing. The ends of the grooves collect oil splashed from the crankcase, and transfer it during the ascending stroke of the piston to the high pressure surface 18 of the cylinder.
Patent GB-824312-A (GB)
Title: Ethylene polymerisation
Inventor: MCGOWAN JOHN CARSWELL
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1956-05-22
Abstract: Ethylene is polymerized under super-atmospheric pressure and within a temperature range of 0-100 DEG  C. in the presence of a catalyst comprising a mixture of a peroxy compound and an organic nitrogenous base in whose molecule the nitrogen atoms are not bonded directly to hydrogen atoms.  Peroxy compounds include, di-t-butyl, lauroyl and benzoyl peroxides, di-isopropyl peroxydicarbonate, t-butyl perbenzoate, peracetic acid and cyclohexanone peroxide, and the nitrogen compounds may be tertiary amines, e.g. dimethylaniline; N-substituted heterocyclic secondary amines, e.g. N-ethyl piperidine, N-phenyl piperidine and N - methyl - 1,2,5,6 - tetrahydropyridine; N - alkyl pyrrolidines, N - alkyl hexamethylene imines and the corresponding N-alkenyl compounds; and tetrazenes, e.g. tetramethyltetrazene - 2, 1,4 - bis - cyclopentamethylene tetrazene - 2 and N,N1 - azomorpholine.  A pressure range of between 200 and 2000 atmospheres preferably between 1000 and 1500 may be used and the ratio of peroxy to nitrogen compound in the mixture is preferably between 1 to 10 and 10 to 1 molar.  A chain transfer agent, e.g. hydrogen, carbontetrachloride and chloroform may be present and the reaction may be in an inert liquid medium, e.g. benzene or water or a mixture thereof or in bulk except for an amount of solvent, e.g. white spirit, sufficient to dissolve the catalyst. In examples mixtures of benzoyl, lauroyl and diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate with dimethyl aniline; lauroyl peroxide and tetraethyl tetrazene-2; benzoyl and lauroyl peroxide with 1,4-bis-cyclopentamethylene tetrazene-2; lauroyl peroxide with 1,4-bis-(2-3-decahydrocyclopentamethylene) tetrazene-2; benzoyl and lauroyl peroxide with N-ethyl piperidine; lauroyl peroxide with N-methyl 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine; and di-t-butyl peroxydicarbonate with 1,4-bis-cyclopentamethylene tetrazene-2 are used to produce solid polyethylene in improved yield.
Patent GB-388973-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in road signalling devices
IPC: G08B5/00
Filed: 1932-06-04
Abstract: 388,973. Signals carried by pedestrians. FUCKERT, P., FUCKERT, E., and DUCHSCHERER, M., 21, Neustrasse, Westerburg, Westerwald, Germany. June 4, 1932, No. 15832. [Class 118 (ii).] For indicating to vehicle drivers the presence of pedestrians in the road at night, a reflector is mounted by permanent attachment means on the heel of the boot or shoe of the pedestrian. The reflector may comprise a ruby glass c fitted in a metal mount b carrying a reflecting surface and secured to the heel a by cementing, nailing or screwing, or by tongues inserted between the lifts. The reflector may be recessed into the heel.
Patent GB-716155-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of acrylonitrile
Filed: 1952-06-24
Abstract: A method of producing acrylonitrile by feeding a liquid ethylene cyanohydrin to a dehydration zone, heating to a temperature within the range, 170 DEG  to 210 DEG  C., said zone containing sodium formate as a dehydration catalyst, removing acrylonitrile and water from said zone and recovering the acrylonitrile, is characterized by the fact that an inert solid material in particulate form and/or ethylene glycol is or are included in the reaction zone together with the sodium formate catalyst, whereby the yield of acrylonitrile is increased and the life of the sodium formate catalyst is prolonged. Preferred inert solid materials are metallic aluminium, magnesium sulphate, sodium sulphate and aluminium sulphate.  Others mentioned are porcelain, chinaware, glass, sand, silicon carbide, stainless steel, kaolin, bentonite, tantalum, tungsten carbide, aluminium alloys such as 3S aluminium, high nickel alloys and hard polytetrafluoroethylene, basic aluminium acetate, aluminium hydroxide, mono-sodium phosphate, sodium chloride and magnesium chloride.  The particles may range in size from semi-colloidal such as aluminium hydroxide particles up to particles as large as 1/4 inch.  The amount of solid inert material may be from 1 per cent to 20 per cent by weight of the sodium formate.  The amount of ethylene glycol may be from 1/10 to 3/4 of the weight of the sodium formate. The solids, if water-soluble, may be dissolved in the water-formate-glycol solution or slurry, and then be precipitated by evaporation of the water.  Examples illustrate the use of the inert diluents, with and without ethylene glycol, using crude and distilled ethylene cyanohydrin as starting material. Specification 633,001 is referred to.
Patent GB-564479-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved coin-operated electric switch
IPC: G07F5/10
Filed: 1942-11-11
Abstract: 564,479. Retractive switches. HARPER, P.. S., and HARPER AUTOMATIC MACHINE MANUFACTURING CO., Ltd. Nov. 11, 1942, No. 15937. [Class 38 (v)] Coins 2 in the slot 1 of a coin-freed apparatus, operate switches as they lie one on the other, above a removable stop member 3, by moving a wire member 10 secured to an insulating block 11 carrying a bridging electrode 12 which is thus caused to dip into two mercury cups 7 in a further insulating block 6. A counterweight 13 or a spring ensures retraction after release of coins. Specifications 550,228, 560,028 and 564,480, [all in Group XVIII], are referred to.
Patent GB-1497619-A (GB)
Title: Turbine blade tip seal
IPC: F01D11/08
Filed: 1975-04-17
Abstract: 1497619 Turbine blade tip seals UNITED AIRCRAFT CORP 17 April 1975 [18 April 1974] 15939/75 Heading FIT A gas turbine engine has a turbine rotor 16 bearing ing blades 12, and a gas seal comprising segments 20 with sealing surfaces 22 and each supported by arcuate hooks 26 which engage circumferential tracks 28, the hooks 26 having a radius of curvature less than the track radius over all engine operating conditions and each hook engaging its track along two lines of contact (42), Fig. 3 (not shown), the segments each having a downstream sealing edge 24 for co-operation with the platform edge 40 of stator vanes 38, and the radius of curvature of the arcuate sealing surface 22 being less than the rotor radius between the engine centre line and the blade tips during cold engine conditions and being substantially equal to the rotor radius during normal operating conditions. During engine operation, the segments 20 are forced radially inwardly, until hooks 26 abut tracks 28, by pressure within an annular chamber 34, in addition a temperature gradient is set up between the hooks 26 and the surfaces 22 which are consequently forced to flatten thereby increasing their radius of curvature. Differential pressure between successive turbine stages forces sealing edges 24 against platform edges 40.
Patent GB-1162565-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Semiconductor Structures
Inventor: BLAKE JOHN
IPC: H01L21/822
Filed: 1967-04-07
Abstract: 1,162,565. Semi-conductor devices. IBM UNITED KINGDOM Ltd. 7 April, 1967, No. 15974/67. Heading H1K. A semi-conductor structure comprises a wafer having an isolating barrier electrically separating the opposite major surfaces and semiconductor devices formed in both major surfaces of the wafer. The isolating barrier may be a pair of PN junctions or one or more layers of insulating material. The structure may comprise an integrated circuit, or may comprise a plurality of individual devices which are separated into dice, each having a device on both faces to increase the yield of satisfactory units. In a first embodiment, N-type silicon epitaxial layers are grown on both faces of a P-type silicon substrate and P-type isolating regions are diffused through the epitaxial layers to divide them into regions in each of which a transistor, diode, resistor or other component may be produced. The transistors may be provided with highly conductive sub-collector regions by diffusing N+ type regions into the substrate before the epitaxial deposition. In a second embodiment, insulating layers of silicon carbide (SiC) are epitaxially grown on both faces of a semi-conductor wafer, layers of semi-conductor material are epitaxially grown on the SiC layers, channels are etched through the grown semi-conductor layers and are lined with insulating material, e.g. epitaxially grown SiC, or completely filled with dielectric material. Transistors and/or other devices are then formed in the isolated islands. In a first modification, the central isolation is provided by PN junctions and the lateral isolation is provided by channels filled with insulation material. In a second modification a layer of SiC and a semi-conductor layer are epitaxially deposited on only one face of a substrate, the devices being formed in the substrate and in the epitaxial semi-conductor layer. If a plurality of individual opposed pairs of devices are to be produced by dicing the wafer the lateral isolation is omitted. The structures can be contacted by mounting one face on a printed circuit and applying flying leads to the opposite face. A metallization pattern may be deposited simultaneously on both faces of the wafer.