Patent RU-2247875-C2 (RU)
Inventor: MARTI A N
IPC: F15B15/10
Filed: 2002-06-17
Granted: 2005-03-10
Abstract: FIELD: devices for transformation of intrinsic energy of an energy carrier into mechanic motion of technical objects. 
     SUBSTANCE: the invention presents a mechanic muscle intended for transformation of intrinsic energy of an energy carrier into mechanic motion of technical objects with variable inertial parameters. The mechanic muscle contains some connecting elements and a filled in with energy carrier elastic shell reinforced in transversal and longitudinal directions by flexible non-expandable filaments. At that reinforcement in the longitudinal direction is made with a step ensuring a transversal deformation of the shell without a loss of leakproofness and reinforcement of the shell in the transversal direction is made with a step selected from conditions of provision of maximum shortening of an shell at simultaneous decrease of its transversal size, consumption of the energy carrier and increased response speed. At that the longitudinal reinforcement of the elastic shell is made layer-by-layer. And the discharge-antifriction layer is made out of continuous mutually crossing filaments helically laid on the shell surface. At that a step of the helical laying of the filaments of a next layer is equal to the previous one. Direction of a helical laying of the filaments of the next layer is a counter-directional to a previous one. Filaments of the layers are not linked among themselves and from interlayer rhombic cells, which diagonals are commensurable with value of deformation of the shell in an axial and in diametrical directions under a rhombic cell. At that the filaments of the next layer are shifted concerning to the filaments of the previous layer having the same direction of a step of the helical laying. The filaments of each layer are fixed concerning to adapters of the muscle separately from the shell and the length of an axial projection of the filaments exceeds the length of the shell, the energy layer is made out of the longitudinally oriented filaments fixed in respect to the adapters of the muscle and separately from the shell. At that the adapters of the mechanic muscle contain two coaxial surfaces for a separate fixation of the shell and the reinforcing filaments. At that the surfaces are partitioned by a ring-type boss, the height of which concerning to a surface for fixation of the shell corresponds to the thickness of the elastic shell. The adapters themselves or their external surface are made out of an electrical insulating material and contain gauges to control the working medium pressure and mutual motion of the adapters. Besides a decorative protective layer may be made out of the continuous filaments helically laid on the surface of the muscle. At that a step of a helical laying of the filaments of the next layer is equal to the previous step and direction of the step of the helical laying of the filaments of the next layer is counter-directional to the previous one. The filaments of the layers are not connected to each other and form the inter-layer rhombic cells. At that the filaments of a next layer are shifted to the filaments of the previous layer having the same direction of the step of the helical laying. And the filaments of each layer are fixed concerning to the adapters of the muscle and separately from the shell. The technical result is increased reliability. 
     EFFECT: the invention ensures an increase of reliability of operation of the mechanical muscle. 
     2 cl