Patent GB-634634-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the finishing of fabrics and other fibrous materials
IPC: D06M13/12
Filed: 1945-06-29
Abstract: Aqueous solutions of methyl or hydroxy ethyl cellulose contain formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, other polymerization products of formaldehyde, hexamethylene tetramine, acetaldol, or glyoxal, the aldehyde comprising from 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight of the solution.  The solutions are used for treating cellulose or regenerated cellulose fibres, fabrics, or paper, to render permanent mechanically imparted lustrous finishes.  After application of the solution, the materials are subjected to a heat curing treatment. The solutions may contain other textile finishing agents such as polyethylene glycol, olein oil, sodium salt of sulphonated tallow, or lecithin.  A catalyst for assisting the condensation reaction between the aldehyde and cellulose ether may be present.  In an example, the aqueous preparation comprises methyl cellulose, formaldehyde, polyethylene glycol, and ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate.ALSO:Cellulose or regenerated cellulose fibres or fabrics are treated, e.g. impregnated, with a polysaccharide carbohydrate or derivative thereof and an aldehyde or aldehyde-yielding substance selected from the group comprising formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, other polymerization products of formaldehyde, hexamethylene tetramine, acetaldol, and glyoxal, the carbohydrate and the aldehyde being applied in the form of a combined aqueous solution or as separate aqueous solutions, and the aldehyde comprising from 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight of the solution in which it is applied.  After the impregnation, the material is dried to dampness, and a lustrous mechanical finish is imparted by a pressure mechanical finishing machine and rendered permanent by subjecting the material to a heat-curing treatment at 280 DEG  to 400 DEG  F.  The mechanical finish may be imparted by friction glazing, schreinering, calendering, beetling, or embossing.  The curing may be effected with or subsequently to the mechanical finishing treatment.  The carbohydrate may be starch, partly acetylated starch, dextrine, glucose, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, gum karaya, or methyl or hydroxy ethyl cellulose.  The carbohydrate and the aldehyde may be partially condensed by heating before the sizing of the fibrous material.  A catalyst may be present, e.g. ammonium thiocyanate, zinc chloride, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, or ammonium nitrate.  Wetting, softening, or stiffening agents may be added to the treating solution or may be applied before or after the carbohydrate and aldehyde.  In examples, the treating solutions contain dextrine, starch, pectin, gum arabic, karaya gum, or methyl cellulose, with formaldehyde or glyoxal and ammonium thiocyanate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. Other additions include polyethylene glycol, olein oil, lecithin, and the sodium salt of sulphonated tallow.  The aldehyde may be applied before or after the carbohydrate, where separate treating solutions are used and the fabric may be dried between the two applications. Preferably sufficient aldehyde is present to effect reaction with the cellulose of the material treated as well as with the starch or other carbohydrate.  The material may be dried before the heat curing treatment.  Specifications 452,149, 460,201, and 503,414 are referred to.ALSO:Cellulosic fibres, fabrics, or paper, are impregnated with a polysaccharide carbohydrate or derivative thereof and formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, hexamethylene tetramine, or other polymerisation product of formaldehyde, or acetaldol, or glyoxal, the carbohydrate and the aldehyde being applied as separate aqueous solutions or in the form of a combined aqueous solution, and the aldehyde comprising from 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight of the solution in which it is applied.  After application of the solution the materials are subjected to mechanical lustring treatment and to a heat treatment to effect reaction between the p  carbohydrate and aldehyde.  The carbohydrate may be starch, acetylated starch, dextrine, glucose, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, or gum karaya.  The carbohydrate and aldehyde may be partially condensed before the sizing of the fibrous material. A condensation catalyst may be present.  Wetting, softening, or other stiffening agents may be added to the treating solution.  In examples, the solutions contain dextrine, starch, pectin, gum arabic, or karaya gum, with formaldehyde or glyoxal and ammonium thiocyanate or ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.  Polyethylene glycol, olein oil, lecithin, and the sodium salt of sulphonated tallow, may also be present in the solution.