baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1496926-A (GB)
Title: Polyhydric alcohol production using ruthenium zeolite catalyst
IPC: C13K1/06
Filed: 1975-08-19
Abstract: 1496926 Polyhydric alcohols ICI UNITED STATES Inc 19 Aug 1975 [20 Aug 1974 5 Nov 1974] 34429/75 Heading C2C A polyhydric alcohol is produced by contacting a carbohydrate in an aqueous medium at pH 3 or above with hydrogen at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalyst comprising metallic ruthenium supported on an aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica/alumina ratio of at least 3. The carbohydrate may be a monosaccharide or a polysaccharide, preferably readily hydrolysable. The zeolite is preferably of type Y; the ruthenium may be introduced by ion exchange, and may be reduced to the metal with hydrogen; alternatively, reduction to the metal may occur during the process. The catalyst preferably contains nor more than 1% alkali metal when the starting material is a polysaccharide. A temperature of 100-200‹ C. and a pressure of at least 100 p.s.i.g. is suitable; when the starting material contains polysaccharide reaction is preferably carried out in two stages, the first at 100-175‹ C. and the second at 170-200‹ C., at a pH of 3-4À5. Used catalyst may be regenerated by washing with dilute aqueous mineral acid as claimed in Specification 1,496,927. The process is exemplified by the conversion of corn starch hydrolysate and of glucose to sorbitol and of invert sugar to a product containing mannitol.
Patent GB-390889-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to filters
IPC: B01D35/147
Filed: 1931-12-11
Abstract: 390,889. Filters. CHALMERS, R. A. and TECALEMIT, Ltd., Great West Road, Brentford, Middlesex. Dec. 11, 1931, No. 34443. [Class 46.] Hollow filter elements are constructed so that when the pressure drop across the element exceeds a definite limit, they will collapse slightly and thereby allow liquid to pass unfiltered. As shown. filter elements each comprising two concavo-convex discs 18 and a covering of filter cloth, arc arranged with spacing collars 25 on a perforated tube or angular support 17 which serves for the discharge of filtrate to the outlet 3, joint being made with the outlet 3 and with the cover 4 of the casing by means of felt rings 26, 27. When the pressure across the element increases sufficiently the elements collapse slightly and unfiltered liquid passes one or other of the rings 26, 27. The discs 18 may be of metal with radial slots or may be of gauze. The cover 4 may have a bore 5 open at the end 6 to the interior of the casing and provided with a spring-dosed valve 11, which is opened by excessive pressure in the casing and allows liquid to pass from outside the element into the central passage of the filter elements.
Patent GB-948246-A (GB)
Title: Method of connecting two copper pipes, and pipe connection made by the said method
IPC: B23K9/035
Filed: 1962-09-10
Abstract: 948,246. Welding by fusion. SULZER FRERES S.A. Sept. 10, 1962 [Sept. 29, 1961], No. 34571/62. Heading B3R. [Also in Division F2] Copper pipes 1, 2 are connected by pushing their ends over a ring 3 and welding them. A lenticular sectioned copper ring 3 is used and the ends of the pipes 1, 2 are flared.
Patent GB-613121-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to synthetic rubber compositions and methods of making same
IPC: C08L9/06
Filed: 1945-12-21
Abstract: A tacky unvulcanized synthetic rubber composition is obtained by mixing 5-25 parts of a viscous tacky oxidized natural rubber with a composition comprising more than 50 parts of a butadiene-styrene copolymer.  The copolymer may be compounded with carbon black, rosin, pine tar, dipentene, sulphur, liquid coal tar softener, zinc oxide, and an accelerator, and up to 25 parts of unoxidized natural rubber may be added.ALSO:A tacky unvulcanised rubber composition parA tacky unvulcanised rubber composition particularly for use in joining textiles to synthetic rubber, e.g. in building tyres, hose and footwear, is obtained by mixing 5-25 parts of a viscoustacky oxidised unvulcanised natural rubber with a composition comprising more than 50 parts of a butadiene-styrene copolymer.  The natural rubber which may be Hevea rubber, guayule, Castilloa, Mangabeira or Hancornia, either in the commercial form or deresinated, is first milled, and then oxidised either by heating or by masticating in a mixer through which a current of air passes.  The butadiene-styrene copolymer may be compounded with carbon black, rosin, pine tar, dipentene, sulphur, liquid coal tar softener, zinc oxide and an accelerator, and up to 25 parts of natural rubber may be added.  U.S.A.  Specifications 2,045,548 and 2,112,190 are referred to.
Patent GB-511352-A (GB)
Title: Gas-tight doors or shutters for openings of anti-air-raid chambers
IPC: E05B65/00
Filed: 1937-12-15
Abstract: 511,352. Gas-tight doors and shutters. DIETEL, R., and MANNESMANNROHRENWERKE. Dec. 15, 1937, No. 34729. Convention date, Aug. 25. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, June 16, 1938.] [Classes 20 (iii) and 107] A gas-tight door or shutter for the openings of air-raid and like chambers comprises a fixed frame united to the surrounding masonry by a gas-tight joint and having a wide flat sealing face, and a leaf, preferably of metal, with a corresponding sealing face hinged to the frame, sealing composition being applied between the contacting surfaces of the frame and leaf, and a device on the leaf which acts in conjunction with the frame or an attachment thereon to separate the leaf from the frame. In the construction shown, the fixed frame 4 is secured to the masonry 1 by wall anchors 26, and the inside of the frame carries a locking plate 27 provided with helical cam portions 28, 29 between which engages a catch 30 mounted on a spindle 32 in a sleeve 34 on the door leaf 23. The spindle 32 is provided with a handle 31 at each end, and a ring of packing material 33 is provided around the spindle to prevent gas leakage. A receptacle for the sealing composition, and a brush for applying it to the contacting surfaces of the frame and leaf may be provided on the inside of the door.
Patent GB-299640-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in drill grinding machine
IPC: B24B3/24
Filed: 1927-12-23
Abstract: 299,640. Jackson, T. A., and Skelly, W. J. Dec. 23, 1927. Twist drills, sharpening; guides and rests. - In a machine for grinding twist drills, the drill is mounted in fixed axial relation to a rotary grinding-wheel mounted in a head having a planetary movement around the drill which is fed axially towards the head. The cylindrical bed portion 11 carries a sliding sleeve 12 provided with a vertical post 16 to which is adjustably clamped a chuck sleeve having a channelled extension 20. A slotted cam plate 22 sliding on the portion 20 is provided with a lug 24 connected by a link 25 to a pivoted lever 26 moving over a toothed quadrant 30. The slots in the cam plate are engaged by blocks 36 carried on the chuck members 32 which slide between guides 31 and which have jaws to grip the drill 35 to be ground. The jaws are thus closed to grip the work by means of the lever 26 and the clamping pressure may be further regulated by an eccentric 37 acting on the link 25. The grinding-head is operated from a shaft 40 which is connected through spur gearing 43, bevel-gearing 45, and worm gearing 48, to a low-speed sleeve 50 which terminates in a yoke 51 and imparts the planetary movement to the grinding wheel 70. A two-part shaft 53 passes through the parallel arms 52 of the yoke into a rocking block 55 which is provided with an arm 72 accommodating the upper end of the grinding-spindle. The latter is driven from the shaft 40 through friction bevel gearing 81, friction gears 84, 85, 62, spur gears 61, 63 and bevel gearing 67. The arm 72 is adjustably connected to an arm 77 carrying a roller running on a stationary cam 74. In operation, for grinding a two-lip drill, the cam is provided with two raised portions 75 so that the arm 77 is lifted to rock the grinding wheel towards the drill axis twice during a revolution of the grinder head to give the proper clearance to the cutting edges. The cam 74 may be composed of two parts connected as shown in Fig. 10. The point of the drill is supported opposite the grinding-wheel by an arm 86 adjustably secured to the yoke arm 52. Axial feed of the drill is effected from a cam 96 mounted on the sleeve 50 and coacting with a block 98 on a bolt 101 connected to a pawl 104 coacting with a ratchet wheel 113 which is connected by gearing 114 to a feed screw 117. An adjustable shield plate 105 serves to control the amount of feed imparted at each stroke by the pawl 104. On completion of the operation the feed screw may be rotated from a hand wheel 120 to withdraw the drill.
Patent GB-901039-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to biologically active polymers
IPC: D06M14/26
Filed: 1958-10-30
Abstract: 901,039. Biologically active graft polymers. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., E. I. Oct. 30, 1958 [Oct. 31, 1957(3)], No. 34912/58. Classes 2(5) and 2(6) [Also in Group IV(b)] Grafted polymers, i.e. polymers obtained by modifying a substrate polymer by bonding thereto through carbon-to-carbon bonds molecules of a chemically dissimilar organic compound, are prepared in which the side chains contain groups which either kill or inhibit the growth of fungi, bacteria, insects, plants or nematodes or act as a growth promoter. Polymer substrates specified are polyamides, polyureas, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyoxymethylenes, polyethers, polyacetals, polysulphonamides, polymers of acrylic esters, vinyl halides, esters, ethers and ketones, ethylene, propylene, vinylidene chloride, allyl esters, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, butadiene, isoprene, chloroprene and dimethyl butadiene, and natural polymers such as cellulosic and proteinaceous fibres, rubber, leather, drying oil films, regenerated cellulose and cellulose acetate. The grafted side chains are preferably polymeric and may be derived from monomers such as acrylamide and mixtures thereof with methacrylamide; 4-vinyl pyridine, N-vinyl pyrrolidone and mixtures thereof with acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, or maleic anhydride; allylamine, dimethylallylamine, dimethylaminostyrene, acrylic acid and mixtures thereof with vinyl undecylenate and 4-vinyl-N-nitrosophthalimide; pallyloxystyrene, glycidyl methacrylate, p-hexylphenoxy acrylate and styrene. Alternatively a non-polymerizable substance may be grafted on to the substrate polymer, e.g. penicillic acid is grafted on to a nylon fabric (Example 27). The grafting of the unsaturated monomers on to the polymer substrates may be effected by means of chemical initiators, e.g. azodiisobutyramidine hydrochloride, ionising radiation or ultra-violet light, the monomer being used in the form of a solution in water, an organic solvent or a mixture of water and an organic solvent. The substrate polymer is preferably used in fabric or finely divided form. Biological activity may result directly from the nature of the grafted material or may be developed by means of a suitable after-treatment, e.g. quaternization, amination, iodization, formation of mercury salts, treatment with carbon disulphide to produce dithiocarbamate groups, esterification, heat-treatment to produce desirable molecular rearrangement, salt formation with penicillin, streptomycin, nicotine substituted acetic acids and gibberellic acid, and treatments with D.D.T. and toluamides. The examples describe the application of such treatments to grafted polymers in which the substrate is composed of nylon in fabric, flake and powder form and polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate wool and cotton in fabric form. Specification 901,038 is referred to.
Patent GB-907974-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fasteners
IPC: F16B5/06
Filed: 1960-10-12
Abstract: 907,974. Fasteners; clips. BROWN, R. L. Oct. 12, 1960 [Nov. 3, 1959], No. 34912/60. Classes 44 and 89 (1). A fastener of non-resilient material for securing two sheet-metal panels together or for mounting channel-shaped mouldings on a sheetmetal panel comprises a body portion 10, Figs. 1, 1A and 2, bent at 14, 16, to form flanges 18 and flanged at 20, for securing a moulding to a panel 48, the body being apertured at 24<SP>1</SP> to form legs 26 for securing the fastener to the panel. The legs are inserted into an aperture 46 in the panel and bites 32 are squeezed together to clinch the ends 38 of the legs against the underside of the panel, strengthening embossments 40, 42 and 24 being provided by upsetting. The embossment 42 may be circular, and in a modification when two panels 50, 52 are to be secured together, Fig. 7, the fastener 54 has a body 56 formed with legs 68 clenched to panel 52 by squeezing together bites 62. The portions of the body adjacent legs 68 are tapered at 80, Fig. 5, so that as the legs are clinched the tapes 80 will be drawn against the aperture in panel 50 to secure the panels together.
Patent GB-1506692-A (GB)
Title: Cooling of crude gas mixtures containing hydrocarbons of different boiling point
IPC: C10K1/06
Filed: 1976-08-23
Abstract: 1506692 Cooling gases by direct contact with liquids LINDE AG 23 Aug 1976 [29 Aug 1975] 34996/76 Heading F4K A crude gas mixture containing hydrocarbons of different boiling points is cooled in two stages by direct contact with water, in the first stage the water evaporating and in the second the water having been cooled by a coolant not otherwise involved in the cooling of the gas mixture. As particularly described, the gas mixture passes at 320 C. into a first water quenching column 2 for cooling with vaporizing water fed thereto by a line 5, the watersaturated gas mixture passing at 90 C. through a line 7 to a second quenching column 8 supplied through lines 17, 18 with circulating water cooled by a coolant in heat exchangers 10, and exhausts at 35 C. through a line 11. A mixture of water, liquid hydrocarbons and solid impurities, e.g. tar and coke, are led from the column 2 to a gravity separator 3, the water flowing over a weir 14 to be returned through the line 5 by a pump 16. A mixture of water and liquid hydrocarbons in the sump of the column 8 is supplied by a pump 19 through a line 9 to the heat exchangers, or through a line 6 to column 2 as make-up water.
Patent GB-1482988-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for measuring the density of a dirty fluid
IPC: G01N9/34
Filed: 1974-08-08
Abstract: 1482988 Densitometer J AGAR INSTRUMENTATION Ltd 28 July 1975 [8 Aug 1974] 35009/74 Heading G1G Apparatus for measuring the density of a dirty fluid comprises a hollow body 12 through which the fluid passes; a rigid support 10 within which the body 12 is mounted so as to define a sealed space 20 containing a clean fluid; drive and pickup transducers 29, 30 for maintaining resonant vibration of body 12, the resonant frequency being dependent on the density of the dirty fluid; and a pressure-transmitting member 25 (a diaphragm or piston) for equalizing the fluid pressures inside and outside body 12. Provision of the sealed space 20 avoids measurement errors which would occur if dirt were to accumulate outside body 12. A biasing spring force is applied to member 25 to compensate for the effects of compressability of the clean fluid on the density measurement. Compensation is also provided for fluid temperature effects, either by use of a bimetal strip  applying a force to member 25 (Fig. 5, not shown) or by use of a platinum resistance thermometer to modify a signal representative of the resonant frequency. The latter technique is illustrated in Fig. 3, where a bridge circuit 64 including thermometer 44 supplies an input to a sum, sample and hold circuit 63. A signal at the resonant frequency, on input 45, is frequency divided at 50, 54. A reference frequency from oscillator 52 is divided down at 65, for clocking a counter 53 which is used with switches 57 and comparator 56 to define a reference time period with which the period of the divided resonant frequency signal is compared in logic 55. A signal representing the difference between the two periods, and thus deviation of the dirty fluid density from some reference density, is fed from logic 55 to integrators 61, 62 the outputs of which are summed with the bridge 64 signal to give an analogue current representing density and independent of temperature. In an alternative embodiment (Figs. 6 and 7, not shown) fluid enters and leaves support 10 through passages extending laterally of the support.
Patent GB-619245-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to high frequency electrical power supply systems
IPC: H05B6/50
Filed: 1946-11-27
Abstract: 619,245. Supply systems for high-frequency apparatus. LUDLOW, J. H., and METROPOLITAN-VICKERS ELECTRICAL CO., Ltd. Nov. 27, 1946, No. 35184. [Class 38 (iv)] A high-frequency power supply system comprises a high-frequency generator G which supplies in recurring sequence, e.g. through a rotating distributer D, a plurality of consuming devices H1-H6, e.g. dielectric heaters, which with their respective supply leads are each adjusted to an optimum value to ensure efficient operation of the generator. Manuallyoperated timers T1-T6 are connected through a selector switch KS, driven in synchronism with the distributer, to the generator keying circuit so that power is made available for the period required, and so that the generator is cut-out whilst the distributer changes over from one heater to the next. The recurrence frequency of power application to the heaters is made sufficiently high to form an effective continuous supply. The sequential operation and period of application of power to the heaters may, alternatively, be effected by a commutator having segments of varying peripheral dimensions, cam-operated contactors, or sequence switching. The supply may be in the form of pulses, each unit receiving a selected number of such pulses.
Patent GB-692365-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of chocolate products
Inventor: JONES ROBERT ARTHUR
IPC: A23G1/00
Filed: 1950-10-17
Abstract: A chocolate covering is made by mixing cocoa powder with hydrogenated palm kernel oil, sugar, lecithin, vanillin, and (if required) dried milk powder; the mixing being carried out at a temperature of 80 to 90 DEG  F., to form a plastic mass which is refined by grinding and finally tempered by heating to a temperature between 95 and 100 DEG F.
Patent GB-924808-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to rotors for turbines or compressors
IPC: F01D5/30
Filed: 1961-09-29
Abstract: 924,808. Turbine blades. DAIMLERBENZ A.G. Sept. 29, 1961 [Oct. 15, 1960], No. 35305/61. Class 110 (3). A turbine or compressor rotor has blades mounted in profiled recesses in the outer periphery of the rotor disc extending obliquely in relation to the longitudinal axis of the rotor, the blades being locked in the recesses by securing plates inserted between radially outwardly directed faces of the protuberances between the recesses and the inner faces of two adjacent blade platforms, the said faces of the protuberances and the screening plates being ridgeroof shaped with the ridges oblique to the axis of the recesses. Blade roots 13 are mounted in recesses 12 whose axes LA are oblique to the axis LS of the disc 11. Securing plates B or B<SP>1</SP> are inserted between the faces 14 of the protuberance 15 and the platforms 13<SP>1</SP> of the roots 13. The plates B and B<SP>1</SP> and faces 14 are ridge-roof shaped and the axes LG of the ridges G are oblique to the axes LA of the recesses. The plates B have a tab 16 or 17 at each end to prevent the roots slipping relative to the plates and the plates B<SP>1</SP> have tabs or lugs 18 which co-operate with recesses 19 in the blade platforms.
Patent GB-465621-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coin freed vending machines
IPC: G07F11/24
Filed: 1935-12-20
Abstract: 465,621. Coin-freed article-delivery apparatus. HARPER, P. S. Dec. 20, 1935, No. 35318. [Class 27] In a coin-freed vending-apparatus in which a pile of articles is supported by an escapement controlled delivery drum which may be provided with recesses, radial vanes, or, as described in Specification 428,917 and as shown, with an open framework of rods, the delivery drum is rotated by a weighted rack acting through a pinion instead of by the weight of the piles of articles. At the end of the drum 1, Fig. 1, opposite to the escapement which is the same as that described in Specification 428,917, a pinion 12 on the drum shaft is engaged and rotated by a rack 11 carrying a weight 10 which causes the rack to descend when the escapement is actuated by a coin. The pinion 12, Fig. 2, is loose on the drum shaft 13 and drives the drum through a one-way driving connection comprising a spring plunger 15 on the pinion engaging inclined teeth 17 formed in the drum plate 16. This allows the rack to be lifted without rotating the drum. The pinion may be provided with part of a dog clutch and arranged to be axially displaceable or it may be fixed to the drum and the rack arranged to be tilted out of engagement with it.
Patent GB-1234971-A (GB)
Title: A mill for grinding frangible material and a method for its use
IPC: B02C13/18
Filed: 1968-07-25
Abstract: 1,234,971. Impact pulverizers. INSTYTUT CHEMICZNEJ PRZEROBKI WEGLA. 25 July, 1968 [25 July, 1967], No. 35522/68. Heading B2A. A mill comprises an impeller 13 in a casing 2 a grinding ring 3 for the casing, a screen 6 to separate oversize material and ducting 17 to provide recirculation of the oversized material. Material to be ground is supplied via a lock 9 and funnel 8 and is impelled against toothed ring 3. Ground material passes the screen 6. Oversize material is drawn up the ducting 17 into hollow internal channels, in the impeller by air circulation caused by the rotation of the impeller. In a second embodiment feed is to a point below the impeller, Fig. 4 (not shown), and the impeller is constructed of two discs between which blades are provided. In further embodiments the screening wall 6 is placed in the recirculation duct, Figs. 6 and 8 (not shown); and the motor drives from the side, Fig. 8, or below Fig. 6.
Patent GB-312263-A (GB)
Title: Injector
IPC: F04F5/46
Filed: 1928-12-03
Abstract: 312,263. Penberthy Injector Co., (Assignees of Marty, F. J.). May 23, 1928, [Convention date]. Giffard injectors; combining tubes.-The combining tube comprises a number of separate tapers ; the inner ends of certain sections are flared and the outer ends of the sections are substantially cylindrical. Steam enters the steam cone 6 which has a diverging taper and together with water from the supply 8 enters the parts 14 of the combining-tube. The casting 15 has a cylindrical body 16 and a reduced end 17 providing a double-taper, diffusion section 33, 34. Separate sections 19, 20 are screwed into the body 16, and have flared and cylindrical ends 24, 29, 25, 30 respectively. The maximum diameter of the end 29 and the diameter of the end 25 are equal. Recesses 31, 32 collect the overflow. The chamber is closed by a screwed plug and is provided with a lift valve mounted on a lever 41. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that ends of the tapers need not be flared. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.