baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20000059500-A (KR)
Inventor: KUEM SAM ROK
IPC: C09K19/34
Filed: 1999-03-04
Abstract: PURPOSE: A photochromic liquid crystal spirobenzopyran compound, a composition containing the compound, a photochromic thin film prepared by compound and a preparation method of the compound are provided, which compound has excellent heat-stability and phototautomerism and self-assembling property. CONSTITUTION: The photochromic liquid crystal spirobenzopyran compound is represented by the formula 1, wherein R1 is H; an alkyl group of C1-C22; an alkyl group of C1-C22 substituted with H, halogen, OH, glycidoxy group, amine group, vinyl group, epoxy group, methacryl group, acryl group, amino group or mercapto group; an alkenyl group of C1-C22; an alkoxy group of C1-C22; a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group; or a phenylalkyl group, R2 is H; halogen; cyano group; carboxyl group; substituted amino group; nitro group; alkyl group of C1-C10; alkoxy group of C1-C10; alkylcarboxyl group of C1-C10; phenyl group; or phenyl group substituted with R1, -X- is -CO-; -CO2-; -S-; -SO2-; triple bond of two carbons; -O-; -C(R1)2-; -C(R1)=C(R1)-; -N=N-; or -NR1-, Y is the same to X or is -(CH2)n-; -£-C(R1)(R2)-|n-; or -£-X-C(R2)2-C(R1)2-|n-, m is an integer of 1-10, and n is an integer of 0-20. The photochromic composition comprises 1-95 wt% of the spirobenzopyran compound of formula 1; and 5-99 wt% of organic solvent.
Patent KR-19990077640-A (KR)
Title: 멀티시스템클러스터내의서버들의수를제어하기위한방법및장치
IPC: G06F9/50
Filed: 1999-03-05
Abstract: 본 발명은 멀티시스템 클러스터에서 서버들의 수를 제어하기 위한 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다. 인입 작업 요구들은 각각 클러스터에 걸쳐서 서버들에 의해 서비스되는 큐를 가진 서비스 클래스들로 조직화된다. 각 서비스 클래스는 그 자체를 위해 클러스터의 각각의 특별한 시스템에 대한 로컬 성능도 및 전체적인 클러스터에 대한 멀티시스템 성능도를 규정하고 있다. 각 시스템은 서비스 클래스들이 그들의 목표들을 얼마나 잘 맞추고 있는지에 기초하여, 시스템 자원들을 주는 도너 클래스로서 하나의 서비스 클래스를 선택하고 시스템 자원들을 수신하기 위한 리시버 클래스로서 또 다른 서비스 클래스를 선택한다. 그런 다음 각 시스템은 상기 리시버 클래스가 그의 목표를 맞추지 못하게 되는 자원 병목(resource bottle)을 결정한다. 만일 자원 병목이 서버들의 수이면, 서버들을 부가하는 경우의 리시버 클래스의 성능도에 대한 긍정적인 효과가 도너 클래스의 성능도에 대한 부정적인 효과에 비해 월등한가에 기초하여, 각 시스템은 리시버 클래스에 서버들이 부가되어야 하는가 및 얼마나 많은 서버들이 부가되어야 하는가를 결정한다. 만일 서버들이 리시버 클래스에 부가되어야 한다고 시스템이 결정하면, 그 시스템에서의 다른 작업에 주는 효과에 기초하여, 서버들이 부가되어야 할 클러스터 내의 시스템을 결정한다. 이러한 결정들을 하기 위하여, 각 시스템은 먼저 다른 시스템이 충분한 유휴 용량을 가지고 있는가를 결정하고, 그렇다면, 그 시스템으로 하여금 서버들을 부가하게 한다. 만일 충분한 유휴 용량을 가지고 있는 시스템이 없다면, 각 시스템은 서버들이 국부적으로(locally) 시작될 경우 로컬 도너 클래스가 그의 목표를 맞추지 못하게 되는가를 결정한다. 만일 아니라면, 서버들은 로컬 시스템 상에서 시작된다. 그렇지 않으면, 각 시스템은 도너 클래스가 가장 적게 피해를 보게될 곳이 어디인지를 결정하고 그에 따라 행동한다. 큐 내의 작업 요구들의 각각을 프로세스할 능력이 있는 서버의 이용 가능성을 확인하기 위하여, 각 시스템은 큐에 대한 서버들을 가지고 있지 않은 클러스터의 서브세트에만 친화력을 가진 큐 내의 작업 요구가 있는가를 결정하고, 그렇다면, 작업 요구가 친화력을 가진 서브세트 내의 시스템 상에서 큐를 위한 서버를 시작한다.
Patent KR-19990078160-A (KR)
IPC: A61K8/898
Filed: 1999-03-23
Abstract: 본 발명은 하나 이상의 α,ω-치환 옥시알킬렌화 실리콘을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 실리콘 오일을 함유하는 지방상 및 수성상을 함유하는, 미용, 약제 또는 위생상의 용도를 갖는 안정한 수중유형 에멀션에 관한 것으로, 25 ℃의 온도 및 전단 속도 200 s -1 로 측정한 이 에멀션의 점도는 100 cps 내지 200 포아즈이다.     본 발명은 또한, 상기 에멀션을 함유하는 조성물 및 미용 분야에서의 이의 용도에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20000061400-A (KR)
Inventor: KO JIN SEOK
IPC: H04M3/06
Filed: 1999-03-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for changing a call direction of a mobile subscriber is provided for recycling a resource of a mobile communication network and enhancing a service. CONSTITUTION: A paging control block(30) which receives(S120) an arrival page request by an arrival at a mobile terminal(20) judges a call state of the mobile call control block(20) to be changed for a call direction. The call direction is judged to decrease the load of the mobile call control block(20) by the paging control block(30) with respect to a call having a call direction which is must be changed because of an over load. The call state of the mobile call control block(20) has a call direction which is not changed, an arrival impossible signal is transmitted to the transmission block(40), and the transmission operation is performed. If the call direction change is possible, an arrival possible signal is transmitted from the paging control block(30) to the transmission subscriber(40).
Patent KR-20000065392-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM SEONG CHEOL
IPC: H01L21/31
Filed: 1999-04-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing an isolation layer of a semiconductor device is provided to reduce a junction leakage by minimizing the damage caused by an etching process to a semiconductor substrate. CONSTITUTION: First and second pad insulating layers are sequentially formed to expose a predetermined region of a semiconductor substrate(21). A first trench is formed on the semiconductor substrate by using the second pad insulating layer as a mask. A first buffer insulating layer is formed on the surface of the first trench. The first buffer insulating layer is formed on the bottom surface of the first trench by using the second pad insulating layer as a mask. A second trench is formed on the semiconductor substrate by using the second pad insulating layer and first buffer insulating layer as a mask. A second buffer insulating layer is formed on the surface of the second trench. An isolation layer is formed within the first and second trenches. An impurity region is formed in the semiconductor substrate on both sides of the isolation layer.
Patent KR-19990083022-A (KR)
IPC: H04B1/10
Filed: 1999-04-07
Abstract: DS-CDMA(Direct Sequence - Code Division Multiple Access) 멀티 유저 간섭 삭제 장치는 심볼 정보와 각 경로의 지연 및 각 경로의 전송 추정값 정보를 다른유저에게 통지하기 위한 통지 유닛, 각각의 유저에서 다른 유저의 확산코드 시컨스로 상호 상관값을 미리 계산하기 위한 상관값 계산기,미리 계산된 상호 상관값과 다른 유저에 의해 통지된 정보를 기초로 해서 다른 유저의 간섭 성분을 계산하기 위한 간섭 계산기, 및 현재 유저의 신호 성분으로부터 간섭 성분을 감산하기 위한 감산기를 구비함으로써 간섭 성분은 수신 신호가 역확산된 후 심볼 레이트로 발생되고 삭제된다.
Patent KR-20000065950-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM SEONG TAE
IPC: G02F1/1335
Filed: 1999-04-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A liquid crystal display using a compensation film is provided to compensate the color variation according to an optical visual angle and a visual angle of a liquid crystal polarizer film and a color filter by inserting a compensation film between a Cholestecric liquid crystal layer and a λ/4 phase difference film. CONSTITUTION: A liquid crystal display using a compensation film is characterized by inserting a compensation film(6) between a Cholesteric liquid crystal film(5) and a λ/4 phase difference film to compensate the color variation according to an optical visual angle and a visual angle when using a Cholesteric polarizer film. The compensation film has a positive double refraction rate characterized in that a refraction rate of a thickness direction is larger than a refraction rate of a plane.
Patent KR-19990046723-A (KR)
Title: 다시마분말을함유하는어묵
Filed: 1999-04-19
Abstract: 본 발명은 다시마 분말을 함유하는 어묵 및 이의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 통상의 방법으로 어묵을 제조함에 있어서 180메쉬 이상의 입도를 갖도록 분쇄한 다시마 분말을 어묵의 주재료 중량에 대하여 2 ∼ 40중량%를 첨가하여 혼합하고 여러 가지 형태의 어묵을 제조하므로서 다시마 고유의 색상이 부가되고 다시마 고유의 맛을 가질 뿐만 아니라 다시마에 포함된 영양물질을 함유하는 어묵을 제조할 수 있었다.
Patent KR-20000067250-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM YONG U
IPC: H03L7/08
Filed: 1999-04-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: A charge pump used for a phase locked loop is provided to widen dynamic range of the phase locked loop and to minimize the offset current. CONSTITUTION: A charge pump of a phase locked loop includes an output port(240), a switching transistor for selectively controlling current sourcing and current sinking based on a phase detection result, a current sourcing block(220) for allowing sourcing current to flow through the output port under the control of the current sourcing of the switching transistor, and a current sinking block(230) for allowing sinking current to flow through the output port according to the current sinking control of the switching transistor. The phase locked loop includes a voltage controlled oscillator, a phase detector for detecting the phase between an input reference signal and fed-back output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator to generate a phase control signal corresponding to the detected phase, a frequency divider for frequency-dividing the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator to provide the fed-back output signal, a charge pump for performing charge pumping in response to the phase control signal, and a filter for filtering the output of the charge pump to apply it to the voltage controlled oscillator.
Patent KR-19990068455-A (KR)
Filed: 1999-05-21
Abstract: 본 발명은 건축용 지붕 재료인 숫기와에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 종래에 사용되던 단순 점토용 기와가 아닌 점토에 유약을 적당량 배합하여 전통의 색을 재현한 평판형 타일 기와로 시공이 편리하고 기계적 성질이 우수하게 설계된 실용적인 디자인에 관한 것이다. 
     이를 위하여 본 발명은, 상기 도자기 원료인 점토의 혼합 단계, 상기 혼합된 원료의 실용적인 성형 단계, 상기 재료의 건조 및 초벌 구이 단계 및 시유(유약 코팅) 단계, 상기 재료의 재벌 구이 단계로 이루어진다.
Patent KR-20010001491-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO CHUN TAEK
IPC: B29D15/00
Filed: 1999-06-04
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for forming an ice pin for a snow tire using polyurethane is provided, to reduce the noise and vibration of a car, the damage to a road and the amount of dust generated. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of mixing glycol with the molecular weight of 500-3,000 and isocyanate in the ratio of 1:2 by equivalent, or triol with the molecular weight of 500-3,000 and isocyanate in the ratio of 1:3 by equivalent; reacting the mixture at 50-150 deg.C and at atmospheric pressure for 1-3 hours to obtain a prepolymer; mixing the prepolymer with a curing agent in the ration of 1:1 by equivalent; and molding the mixture to obtain an ice pine. Preferably the curing agent is butane diol or methylene o-chloroamine, and the isocyanate is toluene diisocyanate or methylene diisocyanate.
Patent KR-20010001757-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE BAEK UN
IPC: G02F1/1335
Filed: 1999-06-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A high-opening LCD(liquid crystal display) is provided to prevent light from coming through without a black matrix and to increase the opening rate of an LCD without increasing processing number. CONSTITUTION: A sufficient size of electric field is fed to a liquid crystal layer(30) by voltage feed to each electrode of two substrates. Plural liquid crystal elements(31) of an A area are influenced by the electric field almost perpendicular to the substrates while the other elements(31) out of the A area keep the initial state. The electric field out of the A area is almost perpendicular to the substrates following one of the A area. Thus, the liquid crystal elements(31) out of the A area are not changed in arrangement. All of the elements(31) are oriented vertically to make the light dark through the liquid crystal layer(30). The light is projected depending on strength of the electric field on a pixel electrode(170) controlling the direction of the elements(31). Therefore, the light does not come through without a black matrix.
Patent KR-20010004613-A (KR)
Inventor: SONG YEONG PYO
IPC: H01L27/11
Filed: 1999-06-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: A contact formation method in SRAM devices is provide to be capable of preventing generation of a native oxide film at the contact portion within the node contact hole. CONSTITUTION: A semiconductor device in which a drive transistor, an access transistor and a junction region for a common node are first formed. An interlayer insulating film is then formed on the semiconductor substrate. Then, a buffer contact section(31a) is formed on the interlayer insulating film corresponding to a gate electrode for TFT(31) and the junction region for the common node in a given portion of the interlayer insulating film. Next, a gate insulating film is formed on the surface of the gate electrode for TFT and the surface of the buffer contact section. After forming a polysilicon film for channel(33) on the resulting surface, impurities are injected into a given portion of the polysilicon film for channel, thus forming a source/drain region of TFT(25A,25B). Next, a protection film(34) is formed on the polysilicon film for channel. Thereafter, the protection film, the polysilicon film for channel, the gate insulating film, the buffer contact section and the interlayer insulating film are etched to expose a given portion of the gate electrode in the common node and the drive transistor, thus forming a node contact hole. Then, a contact line is formed within the node contact hole, so that the buffer contact section and the polysilicon for channel are contacted.
Patent KR-20010004918-A (KR)
Title: Back light unit
Inventor: PARK IN HO
IPC: G02F1/1335
Filed: 1999-06-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A back light unit is provided to prevent forming of crumples on a reflex board and a protecting board by making expansion and contraction of the reflex board and the protecting board smoothly. CONSTITUTION: A back light unit includes a light guide board(2), a lamp(1), a reflecting board(4), a lamp reflector(3), an optical board, a protecting board(8), a silicone rubber(10) and a frame etc. The lamp(1) is arranged on a side of the light guide board(2). The reflecting board(4) is arranged on the lower part of the light guide board(2) and has many slits to give elasticity by the lamp heat. The lamp reflector(3) surrounds around the lamp and the upper end faces with the upper side of the light guide board(2) and the lower end faces with the lower side of the reflecting board(4). The optical board is arranged on the upper side of the light guide board(2) and the protecting board(8) is arranged on the upper side of the optical board. The silicone rubber(10) maintains the distance between the liquid crystal panels. The mold frame maintains each component.
Patent KR-20010010952-A (KR)
Inventor: JANG IK SU
IPC: H01P7/10
Filed: 1999-07-23
Abstract: PURPOSE: A subtracting circuit in a very high frequency band using a dielectric resonator is provided to reduce a size of a circuit by using a circuit for deleting a signal when the same frequency signals having the same phase and intensity are inputted through two different input terminals of a very high frequency circuit. CONSTITUTION: A subtracting circuit includes two input terminals(Vin1,Vin2) and one output terminal(Vout1). A slot line(14) is formed at a bottom surface of a substrate at a center of the two input terminals(Vin1,Vin2). The output terminal(Vout1) has an output impedance. A new transmission line(12) is formed over the slot line(14) and beside an input transmission line(11). An input transmission line(11), a resistor(30), a transmission line(12), and an output transmission line(13) are formed at an upper portion of a microstrip substrate. The slot line(14) and a dielectric resonator(20) are formed at a lower portion of the microstrip substrate. The input transmission line(11), resistor(30), and a resistor(31) have the same impedance.
Patent KR-20010011383-A (KR)
Inventor: CHOI SEONG JIN
IPC: G06F3/14
Filed: 1999-07-27
Abstract: PURPOSE: A left/right field inversion preventing method is provided to prevent an inversion phenomenon of the left/right inversion in implementing 3 dimensional images on a CRT monitor of the PC by using an interlace scanning method so that it can offer better 3 dimensional image environment in the PC. CONSTITUTION: A left/right field inversion preventing method comprises steps of making one image by synthesizing a left stereoscopic image to an odd number line, and a right stereoscopic image to an even number line according to the dpi(dot per inch) of a graphic mode, displaying the synthesized image, displaying alternatively the left and the right stereoscopic image according to a cycle of a vertical frequency by performing an interlace scanning over the monitor, and displaying left/right LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) in synchronization with the vertical frequency.
Patent KR-20000017177-A (KR)
Inventor: MINEDA KAKIO
IPC: C07C69/94
Filed: 1999-08-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: A liquid crystal compound is provided which has anti-ferroelectricity and broad range of temperature. CONSTITUTION: Title compounds(formula I; R is C6- C12 straight alkyl group; x is hydrogen atom or fluorine atom; m is integer of 1- 3; n is integer of 1- 2; c is asymmetrical carbon atom) are provided. Thus, 4.3 g of 2. fluoro-4-hydroxy benzoic acid and 8,4 g of acetic anhydride are mixed with 5 drops of sulfuric acid, and heated at 80 degree C for 30 minutes to give 4-acetoxy-2-fluorobenzoic acid. Obtained 1.0 g of compound is added in 7 ml of thionyl chloride, and refluxed for 5 hours, followed by dropping 1 ml of pyridine, 4 ml of anhydrous ether and 0.6 g of R-(-)-4-methyl pentan-2-ol, and stirred overnight, to give R-(-)-4-acetoxy-2-fluoro-1-(1,3-dimethyl butyloxy carbonyl)benzene. Obtained 1.0 g of compound is dissolved in 30 ml of ethanol, adding 3 g of benzyl amine and stirred overnight to give R-(-)-4-hydroxy-2-fluoro-1-(1,3-dimethyl butyloxycarbonyl)benzene, 10 ml of thionyl chloride is added in the obtained product, and refluxed for 10 hours to give (5)R-(-)-3-fluoro-4-(1,3-dimethyl butyloxy carbonyl)phenyl-4'-n-nonyl oxy biphenyl-4-carboxylate.
Patent KR-20000000053-A (KR)
Inventor: YUN KI BAEK
IPC: B60R22/48
Filed: 1999-08-04
Abstract: PURPOSE: A voice outputting apparatus of a seat belt for a car is provided to have a driver fasten the seat belt by using a record circuit with a car seat belt. CONSTITUTION: A voice outputting apparatus of a seat belt for a car comprises the steps of:having a circuit for being able to record and play voice embedded within the seat belt of a car; stopping outputting after the seat belt is fastened or after a while as outputting the previously recorded voice when an alarm light of the seat belt is on.
Patent KR-20010018247-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM EUNG CHEOL
IPC: H02P6/18
Filed: 1999-08-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: A sensorless speed control apparatus and a method for brushless DC motor are provided to achieve an improved estimation performance while eliminating use of complicated speed sensor. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus comprises a speed command output unit, a speed controller, a current controller, a power rectifier, a current detector, and a binary observation unit. The binary observation unit includes an adder(61) for obtaining estimation error between the actual current flowing at the brushless DC motor and the estimated current obtained from an equation of state; an auxiliary loop adjuster(62) for setting the limit range of tolerance of the estimation error obtained by the adder, and setting the gain of a main loop adjuster(63) in such a manner that the estimation error stays within the limit range when the estimation error falls into the limit range; the main loop adjuster for taking as an input, the output from the auxiliary main loop adjuster and the estimation error of the adder, and outputting a series of switching functions; and a gain adjuster(64) for allowing the error trajectory came into the limit range to be stably converged to the origin by adjusting gains of switching functions output from the main loop adjuster.
Patent KR-20010019226-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE JAE CHEON
IPC: C12M1/00
Filed: 1999-08-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A protection cabinet containing infectious microorganism is provided to flow external air into the cabinet and circulate the inflow air at determined wind-pressure so to ensure safety of workers against the infectious microbes. CONSTITUTION: A protection cabinet for storing infectious microbes comprises two ventilators coupled to the cabinet and rotated by a motor. Each of the ventilators functions by flowing external air into the cabinet, discharging a portion of the air through a first filter outward and circulating the other portion purified by a second filter into an operating space of the cabinet at determined wind-pressure. The motor has a shaft projecting outward to make both ventilators to be mounted at both ends of the motor and to send air by rotation movement derived from difference between two blades.
Patent KR-20010026724-A (KR)
Inventor: HUH JONG TAE
IPC: F04B17/04
Filed: 1999-09-08
Abstract: PURPOSE: A noise reduction structure for linear compressor is provided to improve a refrigerant gas suction performance while allowing the refrigerant gas to smoothly flow into the compression space formed by a cylinder and a piston. CONSTITUTION: A piston(40) which reciprocates in linear manner within a cylinder(20) by a driving force from a motor, is arranged within a closed container(1) coupled with a gas inlet pipe(2). A gas flow channel(F) is formed within the piston so as to allow the gas to flow into a compression space(P) formed by the cylinder and the piston. A muffler(100) has a noise damping flow channel(f') which communicates the gas flow channel of the piston to the gas inlet pipe so as to direct the gas flowing into the gas inlet pipe toward the gas flow channel. An open/shut-off member(110) for opening/shutting off the noise damping flow channel formed in the muffler, is coupled to the muffler.
Patent KR-20010027484-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO CHANG GYU
IPC: F17C3/00
Filed: 1999-09-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: An oil supplement device of an oil mist generator is provided to automatically supply oil while operating equipment. CONSTITUTION: An oil supplement device comprises an auxiliary tank unit connected to an oil tank(50) of an oil mist generator while storing oil for supplementing the oil tank; a detect unit installed in the oil tank for detecting the amount of oil in the oil tank; and a valve opening and shutting a connect passage between the oil tank and the auxiliary tank unit according to a signal from the detect unit. The auxiliary tank unit contains an auxiliary tank(11) connected to the oil tank, a spare tank(20) supplying oil to the auxiliary tank. The detect unit contains a circulation pipe(31) in which oil flows, a floater(42) inserted to the circulation pipe to be floated on oil, and detect sensors(43,44) installed to upper and lower ends of the circulation pipe to detect the floater. Thus, the oil in the auxiliary tank is automatically supplied to the oil tank as the oil in the oil tank is under a referent value.
Patent KR-20010028109-A (KR)
Inventor: BAE JEONG GON
IPC: H04Q1/22
Filed: 1999-09-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for processing V5.2 interface statistics in an LE(Local Exchange) is provided to supply various statistics data related to a V5.2 interface connected between the LE and an AN(Access Network) according to V5.2 interface IDs, as one message, and to perceive entire operation situations at a time. CONSTITUTION: A statistics collecting block stores call processing statistics data according to V5.2 interface IDs(S1). The collecting block stores corresponding link block data according to the V5.2 interface IDs(S2). The collecting block stores corresponding subscriber port statistics data and corresponding bearer channel statistics data, according to the V5.2 interface IDs(S3). The collecting block reconstructs the call processing statistics data, the link statistics data, the subscriber port statistics data, and the bear channel statistics data, and transmits the reconstructed data to a statistics output block every predetermined time(S4). The statistics output block constructs the statistics data as one message type(S5), and confirms whether an output prohibition command is applied from an operator terminal(S6). If so, the output block prohibits an outputting of a V5.2 interface statistics message composed of the one message type(S7). If the prohibition command is not applied, the output block confirms whether an output permission command is applied(S8). If so, the output block confirms output time information preset in the output permission command(S9). The output block outputs the V5.2 interface statistics message according to the output time information(S10).
Patent KR-20010028721-A (KR)
Inventor: YI BHOW SEON
IPC: G07C3/00
Filed: 1999-09-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus for refunding parking charge and method thereof is provided to refund balance for residual time and guide it with voice during key input procedure or processing procedure. CONSTITUTION: A key matrix(32) is for inputting a refund request. A bar-code scanner reads the bar-code written on a refund ticket. A charge collector(40) collects parking charge. An interface circuit(34) sends output signal to a controller(50). A timer(60) counts parking time. The controller(50) calculates balance for residual parking time when the parking time fell short of full parking time and refunds the balance if the balance exceeds a minimum pay balance. An output interface circuit(38) is for delivering the output signal output from the controller(50). A printer(64) outputs a password number and the refund ticket in form of bar-code. A data transceiver(36) is for receiving data from a sensor.