baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent SV-2002000134-A (SV)
Title: Una nueva forma cristalina de clorhidrato de 6-hidroxi-3-(4-[2-piperidin-1-il)etoxi]fenoxi)-2-(4-metoxifenil)benzo[b]tiofeno ref. x-13162t
Inventor: BUSH JULIE KAY
IPC: A61P5/32
Filed: 2000-07-28
Abstract: EL HIDRATO CRISTALINO DEL CLORHIDRATO DE 6-HIDROXI-3-(4-[2-(PIPERIDIN-1-IL)ETOXI]FENOXI)-2-(4-METOXIFENIL)BENZO[B]TIOFENO(F-III)QUE TIENE UN MODELO DE DIFRACCION DE RAYOS X QUE COMPRENDE LOS SIGUIENTES PICOS: 4,6±0,27,8 ± 0,2, 9,3± 10,2, 14,0± 0,2, 17,6± 0,2, 20,8± 0,2 Y 24,3± 0,2º EN 20 CUANDO SE OBTIENE A 25 ± 2ºC Y 35 ± 10% DE HUMEDAD RELATIVA A PARTIR DE UNA FUENTE DE RADIACION DE COBRE.
Patent SV-2016005351-A (SV)
Title: Derivados de indano e indolina y el uso de los mismos como activadores de la guanilato ciclasa soluble
Inventor: ADAMS CHRISTOPHER MICHAEL
IPC: C07D401/14
Filed: 2016-12-22
Abstract: LA PRESENTE INVENCIÓN PROPORCIONA UN COMPUESTO DE LA FÓRMULA (1) O UNA SAL FARMACÉUTICAMENTE ACEPTABLE DEL MISMO: (VER FORMULA); UN MÉTODO PARA FABRICAR LOS COMPUESTOS DE LA INVENCIÓN, Y SUS USOS TERAPÉUTICOS. LA PRESENTE INVENCIÓN ADEMÁS PROPORCIONA UNA COMBINACIÓN DE AGENTES FARMACOLÓGICAMENTE ACTIVOS Y UNA COMPOSICIÓN FARMACÉUTICA
Patent UA-44989-A (UA)
Inventor: HALBURT MARK YELIZAROVYCH
Filed: 2000-10-30
Abstract: The proposed device for measuring differential pressure contains two weight-piston manometers, devices for measuring the manometer piston levels, a pressure-generating device, and a compensator. The underpiston chambers of the manometers are coupled via a pipeline with a check valve, and are connected to the associated low pressure and high-pressure chambers of the differential pressure transducer. The pressure generating device is connected to the underpiston chamber of one of the manometers. The compensator is designed as two cylinders with cavities coupled with the associated underpiston chambers of the manometers. The cylinders have a common plunger, and are equipped with a device for controlling and fixing the plunger position.
Patent UA-43001-A (UA)
Title: Method for physical therapy medical treatment of the visual system of man
Inventor: ZHUCHENKO OLEKSANDR IHOREVYCH
Filed: 2000-11-13
Abstract: The method for physical therapy medical treatment of the visual system of human includes an irradiation of retina of eyes by the light impulses of red area of spectrum with simultaneous influence on the visual system by the electric current of negative polarity, which is alternated with the irradiation of retina of eyes by the light impulses of green area of spectrum with simultaneous influence on the visual system by the electric current of positive polarity. Irradiation of retina of eyes by the light impulses of red area of spectrum is carried out in the range of length of waves 0,6-0,66 μm and frequency of reiteration 10-14 Hertz with synchronous influence on the visual system by an electric impulsive current with amplitude 30-150 μA positive polarity, here before the beginning and during the irradiation the visual system of patient is insulated from influencing of light radiation of environment.
Patent UA-54675-A (UA)
Title: Method for therapy
Filed: 2001-11-30
Abstract: The method for the therapy comprises the contact exposure of the biologically active points to the low-intensity electromagnetic waves employing two electrodes (active and passive ones) of the short-pulse stimulator. The active electrode is equipped with the pencil-like tip with its diameter of 1 mm. The passive electrode is equipped with the cylindrical tip. The electrodes are disposed outside the housing of the short-pulse stimulator and are connected to the stimulator with the flexible conductors. Such a technique provides for selective exposure with more differentiated handling of the active electrode. While the exposure is performed, the patient clasps the cylindrical tip in his fist.
Patent UA-59010-A (UA)
Title: Method for protecting the body from stress factors
Inventor: DONCHENKO HEORHII VIKTOROVYCH
Filed: 2002-12-05
Abstract: The method for protecting the body from the stress factors comprises the peroral, intramuscular and intravenous administration of vitamin E C-6 derivative with the truncated side carbon chain containing only six carbon atoms. Such a derivative represents the metabolite of the vitamin E with the activity exceeding that of the vitamin E itself.
Patent UA-63511-A (UA)
Title: Food phosphate mixture
Inventor: GONCHAROV HEORHII IVANOVYCH
IPC: A23L27/00
Filed: 2003-04-25
Abstract: A food phosphate mixture contains sodium pyrophosphate and monosubstituted sodium orthophosphate. It contains sodium tripolyphosphate and potassium tripolyphosphate additionally, in doing so the sodium pyrophosphate is used as the trisubstituted nine-hydrated one.
Patent UA-65033-A (UA)
Title: Mammut filter
Inventor: KURYLIUK MYKOLA STEPANOVYCH
IPC: B01D24/46
Filed: 2003-05-12
Abstract: Mammut filter consists of casing with filter media, branch connection of water supply for purification with the system of distributing pipes located in the housing, branch connections of the removal of purified water and outlet of washing water. Filter is additionally equipped with an air-lift post connected to the pipeline of the water supply for purification and hydraulically connected with the distributing conduits, and also by the system of gas saturation connected to the air-lift post.
Patent UA-66663-A (UA)
Title: Measuring transducer for determining volumetric rate of fluid
Inventor: ALIMOV VALERII IVANOVYCH
IPC: G01F1/32
Filed: 2003-09-03
Abstract: The proposed measuring transducer for determining volumetric rate of fluid contains a flow turbulizer and a torque transducer with a rod detecting element. The flow turbulizer and the torque transducer are installed in the pipeline. The output of thetransducer is connected to the input of a meter via an amplifier.
Patent UA-67418-A (UA)
Title: Protective element for protection of data carrier
Inventor: BARLADIN OLEKSANDR VOLODYMYROV
IPC: B44F1/00
Filed: 2003-09-18
Abstract: A protective element for protection of a data carrier consists of at least two sections formed by parallel bars of different directivity, and it contains, at least, two images - test and basic, which are visualized at different viewing angles both in reflected transmitted light. Bars of both images in their each section are modulated along the profile and have different spatial frequency and length, and at locations of the superposition of the sections of basic and test images the bas have double modulation along the profile and are located at an angle of 75-85 DEGREE relative to each other.
Patent DK-200200568-A (DK)
Inventor: JENS LILLEGAARD
IPC: A61F5/445
Filed: 2002-04-17
Abstract: The collecting bag comprises a bag member (1) and a discharge portion (6) including a closure device (7). An accommodating means (8) is provided within the outer contours of the bag member for accommodating at least a part of the discharge portion in the position of use of the bag. The accommodating means includes a slit (20) in the comfort layer (52) overlying the front film blank (2), such that a part of the discharge portion may be lodged in the space between joint sections that connect inner tubular film elements with the film blanks of the bag member.
Patent DK-200401194-A (DK)
Title: Producing chewing gum granules comprises feeding gum composition into extruder, pressurizing, extruding gum composition through die plate, and cutting extruded gum composition in liquid filled chamber
Inventor: RIKKE MIKKELSEN
Filed: 2004-08-06
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing chewing gum granules. The method comprises at least the steps of feeding a gum composition including at least gum base into an extruder, pressurizing the gum composition in the extruder, extruding the gum composition through a die plate, and cutting the extruded gum composition in a liquid filled chamber (4). Flavor is added to the composition in the extruder prior to the granulation into cooling liquid. The temperature and pressure of the flavored gum composition is controlled so that the temperature is below 70 deg. C when the pressure is 1-5 hPa.
Patent DK-200970219-A (DK)
Title: Redskabsophæng
Inventor: SOEREN KAASTRUP
IPC: A01B63/02
Filed: 2009-11-20
Abstract: Redskab sophæng, til et køretøj, fortrinsvis en traktor, der omfatter en første ramme for montage af redskabsophænget, og en anden ramme for montage af et redskab, hvor redskabsophænget omfatter et svingarmsarrangement, der er drej eligt monteret mellem den første og anden ramme, hvor redskabsophænget har mindst en yderstilling med den anden ramme i en position på siden af køretøjets kørselsretning, hvor redskabsophæn get har en transportstilling med den anden ramme i en position ud for køretøjets kør selsretning, og hvor redskabsophænget er forsynet med et første låsearrangement, for fastholdelse af den anden ramme i en position fra yderstillingen og til transportstillin gen, hvorhos svingarmsarrangementet omfatter en første arm og en anden arm, hvor hver arm omfatter en overarm, der er forbundet til den første ramme med et første led, samt en underarm, der er forbundet til den anden ramme med et tredje led, hvor over armen og underarmen er indbyrdes forbundne med et andet led, og hvor hvert led er drejeligt omkring en stort set lodret akse.
Patent DK-201100155-A (DK)
Title: A wind turbine blade
Inventor: ESTHER PETERSLUND
IPC: B29C70/02
Filed: 2011-03-08
Abstract: A composite blade structore for a blade for a wind turbine and a metliod of m.anufac ture thereof is described. The blade core is formed of a first, light-weight, core mate rial and a sec ond core material of a higher grade and/or structural strength. The second material is provided as a relatively thin layer on the outside of the first core material, so that the tip ends of any resin bridges in the core may be contained within the second eore niaterial. As the second core material is of a higher grade than the first, this in creases the resistance of the blade eore to cracks or other faihires originating at the tip of the resin bridge. As only a relatively small amount of second core material is used compared to the first core material, this results in reduced cost and minirnised weight of the total Made.
Patent DK-201270044-A (DK)
Title: Wind turbine blades with a hardened substrate construction
Inventor: JAMES FRITZ PETER
IPC: F03D1/06
Filed: 2012-01-27
Abstract: A wind turbine blade (16) inciudes an upper shell member (20) and a lower shell member (22) joined at leading (24) and trailing (26) edges of the blade with a bond material (34). Portions of the bond material are externally exposed. The bond material has surface characteristics ofatleast one ofa Shore D hardness value of greater than about 80 durometer or a Young s modulus stiffness value of greater than about 5 GPa. A protective coating (42) is applied over the upper and lower shell members and exposed portions of the bond material.
Patent GR-20070100291-A (GR)
Title: Anti-restenosis drug covered and eluting baloons for valvuloplasty of aortic valve stenosiis for the prevention of restenosis.
Inventor: SPARGIAS KONSTATINOS
IPC: A61F2/958
Filed: 2007-05-14
Abstract: This invention concerns new special balloons intended for use in valvuloplasty of stenosed aortic valves, with a potential use for valvuloplasty of other heart valves as well. Their common special feature is that the entire or part of their externalsurface is covered by a drug that is eluted at the valve tissues during the balloon brief contact with them at the time of dilatation. The drug acts against the process of restenosis, which almost uniformly occurs after some time. The shape of the balloon can be the classical cylindrical or an hour-glass shape that facilitates targeted delivery of the drug at the valve tissues. Additional balloon shapes are described for usage after valvuloplasty is carried out in order to achieve targeted drugdelivery in the upper or both surfaces of the leaflets, and for prolonged contact with the valve tissues without interruption of blood circulation. The advantage of this invention is that the local delivery of the drug will significantly reduce the likelihood of restenosis. As a result the procedural benefits for the patient are sustained in the long term, and the procedure from alleviating progresses into end-therapy.
Patent GR-20120100501-A (GR)
Title: Torque amplifier
Inventor: OIKONOMIDIS FOTIOS PAVLOU
IPC: F02N5/04
Filed: 2012-10-08
Abstract: Novelty: a high energy-efficiency mechanism for torque increase is disclosed. Constitution: the base 1 whereon there are four caulked braces 30 alongside of which there are disposed three steady peripheral rings (7, 17, 27) with internal dents and a central axle 2 lengthwise of which there is disposed a row of flywheels and toothed wheels, a primary energy-supplying motor 36 at the base 1 and a power generator 39 at the upper part. Furthermore, the mechanism in question comprises a first stage increasing the torque of the motor-derived power, which first stage is composed of the flywheel 5 on the periphery of which there are arranged axles 6 whereto there are connected in order to rotate as a single body the toothed wheel 3 meshed and rotated by the driving wheel 36α at the end 36 of the motor’s axle and the radial arrangement of three arms 4 with weights 40; plus, the invented mechanism comprises successive torque-increasing stages responding to energy requirements dictated by varying applications.
Patent IN-2014KN01220-A (IN)
Inventor: TANAKA YOSHIKI
IPC: F01N13/08
Filed: 2012-11-14
Abstract: Provided is a welding connection structure for a pipe characterized in that the pipe includes a double pipe section on at least one end. Said double pipe section is formed by folding the pipe wall at the aforementioned one end of the pipe back and inwards and the folded back portion is in close contact with wall of the outer pipe. At the double pipe section the pipe is connected by welding to the mating member to which the pipe is to be connected.
Patent IN-2015DN01414-A (IN)
Inventor: SANWAL SUDHIR SINGH
IPC: C07D401/12
Filed: 2013-09-02
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of crystalline Form I of methanesulfonate salt of dabigatran etexilate. (Formula (I)). The present invention does not require the isolation of the dabigatran etexilate intermediate.
Patent IN-2012DN01552-A (IN)
Inventor: WOODWORTH JACOB S
IPC: B60K15/05
Filed: 2010-07-23
Abstract: The connection of a vehicle fuel fill system access door to an access door hinge includes exposed guide members on the access door and the hinge to assist an installer in properly positioning and moving the access door relative to the hinge. Spacing structures between the access door and the access door hinge have a variable relationship for accommodating part variations. An audible sound is generated as the door is connected to indicate final positioning of the door on the hinge.
Patent IN-2014MN01986-A (IN)
Inventor: KERTSOPOULOS GEORGIOS K
IPC: H01F7/02
Filed: 2013-03-12
Abstract: Magnetic system possessing and producing polar and field properties comprising an application of organized ensemble of constituted constructions of magnetic apparatus as means of construction. The magnetic system as an application produces magnetic phenomena and interactions such as the production of three different interactions and also their related respective three opposites depending on the distance existing between the magnetic constructions. It is a fully systemized product that can be used as an experimental instrument for exploitation of new designing possibilities in magnetic constructions containing also a method of manufacturing.
Patent IN-2014MN02037-A (IN)
Inventor: GUPTA ANSHUL
IPC: A23F3/42
Filed: 2013-04-15
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for recovering aroma from tea juice. The heating and other steps associated with the processing of tea juice have an effect on the aroma content of the product. The processing of this tea juice tends to lose the important aroma molecules that provide sensorial superiority to these products. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a process for aroma recovery while producing liquid tea juice product. In this process the expressed juice is heated to a temperature of 50 to 85QC for 15 to 150 minutes and the vapour from the heated tea juice is collected and condensed to produce a condensate rich in tea aroma. Tea juice treated in this manner has improved red colour and the aroma recovered has increased floral notes.
Patent IN-2014MN02449-A (IN)
Inventor: KRISTIANSEN HELGE
IPC: H01R4/04
Filed: 2013-05-29
Abstract: An isotropic conductive adhesive comprises silver coated polymer beads 12 within an adhesive matrix 8 wherein the mean average diameter of the polymer cores of the beads 12 is 5 µm or greater and less than 30 µm and wherein the silver coating comprises interlinked silver deposits grown from dispersed nucleation sites scattered across the surface of the beads.
Patent IN-2015DN02627-A (IN)
Inventor: TAKESHI TOYODA
IPC: C21D9/46
Filed: 2012-12-19
Abstract: A hot -rolled steel sheet which comprises , in mass% , more than 0.050% and 0.10% or less of C, 0.1 to 2.0% of Si , 1.0 to 3.0% of Mn , 0.1% or less of P , 0.01% or less of S, 0.005 to 0.05% of Al , 0.01% or less of N , 0.10 to 0.20% of Ti, 0 to 0.06% of Nb , 0 to 0.03% of B, 0 to 0.005% of Ca and a remainder made up by Fe and impurities , and has an average crystal particle diameter of 7.0 µm or less, an X- ray random intensity ratio in the [211] <011> orientation , which is parallel to a rolled surface and is also parallel to the rolling direction , of 2.5 or less, and a tensile strength of 900 MPa or more.
Patent IN-2015DN03123-A (IN)
Inventor: ROSENTHAL GUY;
IPC: E04F13/06
Filed: 2013-09-19
Abstract: A corner bead strip (10) is provided for finishing a wallboard corner joint, includes a flexible plastic body (18) having a first flange (20) and a second flange (22), each flange with a corner edge (24) and an opposite free edge (26). The corner edges are joined by a central flex zone (28) formed by a plastic composition distinct from a plastic composition used for forming the flanges. A web (30) of paper covers a surface of the body.
Patent IN-2014DN03212-A (IN)
Inventor: WAKABAYASHI CHISATO
IPC: C22C38/00
Filed: 2012-09-28
Abstract: A high strength hot dipped galvanized steel sheet which has a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more while having excellent plating adhesion formability and bore expanding properties. This high strength hot dipped galvanized steel sheet has a hot dipped zinc plating layer on the surface of a matrix steel sheet and the matrix steel sheet contains in mass% 0.05 0.4% of C 0.01 3.0% of Si 0.1 3.0% of Mn and 0.01 2.0% of Al while satisfying Si + Al > 0.5% and suppressing P to 0.04% or less S to 0.05% or less and N to 0.01% or less with the balance made up of iron and unavoidable impurities. The microstructure of the matrix steel sheet contains 40% by volume or more of martensite and bainite in total 8% by volume or more of residual austenite with the balance made up of ferrite or ferrite and 10% by volume or less of pearlite. The martensite contains two or more of the three kinds of martensite (1) (2) and (3) in an amount of 10% by volume or more in total and the hot dipped zinc plating layer contains less than 7% by mass of Fe.
Patent IN-2014CN03591-A (IN)
Inventor: CHEN YING
Filed: 2012-11-30
Abstract: In general techniques are described for separately coding depth and texture components of video data. A video coding device configured to code video data may perform the techniques. The video coding device may comprise a decoded picture buffer and a processor configured to store a depth component in the decoded picture buffer analyze a view dependency to determine whether the depth component is used for inter view prediction and remove the depth component from the decoded picture buffer in response to determining that the depth component is not used for inter view prediction. for processing video data including a view component comprised of a depth component and a texture component.
Patent IN-2015DN04071-A (IN)
Inventor: KORST JAN
IPC: H04N21/25
Filed: 2013-10-25
Abstract: For the negotiation of an operator of a media on demand platform with its content providers a method and system for efficiently compiling media content items for the media on demand platform is provided. The method makes use of a combination of a recommender system to select a suitable set of media content items to be offered for a next period of service and a number of rentals predictor for estimating how many videos individual users will rent the following period of service. Furthermore the method and system can be executed for estimating profit or loss from rentals over the following period of service as well as estimate customer satisfaction.
Patent IN-2014DN05804-A (IN)
Inventor: ARAKELIAN GAMLET GURGENOVICH
IPC: C01B3/02
Filed: 2012-11-16
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a hydrogen containing gaseous fuel in a turbogenerator plant. The multi stage method for producing a hydrogen containing gaseous fuel (G.G. Arakelyan method) is implemented in a turbogenerator plant which performs at least three stages of separation of process flows and comprises separation of the supply of water and hydrocarbon component wherein in the first stage water is fed for heating and steam generation in the second stage the hydrocarbon component is fed and is then mixed with the steam by an injection method and the mixture is heated and passed on to the third and subsequent steps of heating to produce fuel and then the fuel produced is passed on from the latter step to the inlet of a firing system for forming a firing flare which heats a process cylinder for the multi step formation of fuel and a working flare and some of the fuel is directed for external use.
Patent KR-950023783-A (KR)
Title: 세탁기의 액체 세제투입장치
IPC: D06F39/02
Filed: 1994-01-14
Abstract: 본 발명은 정전기 방지제, 표백제 등 액체로된 각종세제를 분말투입상자에 투입할 수 있도록 설치되는 세탁기의 액체세제 투입장치에 관한 것이다. 
     본 발명은 세제투입 과정에서 액체세제가 손에 묻지 않도록 하며 세제투입이 간단히 이루어지도록 하기 위하여 세탁기의 측면에 걸 수 있도록 하며 각종 액체 세제를 분류하여 넣는 세제통과, 이 세제통으로부터 액체세제를 종류별로 공급받을 수 있도록 연결된 연결호스와, 이 연결호스를 연장 연결하여 분말투입상자에 일정량의 액체세제를 투입할 수 있도록 후면패널에 설치되는 투입수단으로 구성한다. 그러므로 액체세제가 손에 묻거나 주위를 더럽힐 염려가 없어 청결하게 사용할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 조작이 간단히 이루어져 편리하게 사용할 수 있는 것이다.
Patent KR-950025056-A (KR)
Title: 농업용 합성수지필름의 무적제 코팅방법 및 그 장치
IPC: C08J7/04
Filed: 1994-02-08
Abstract: 본 발명은 필름표면에 코로나방전표면 처리과정을 거쳐 코팅용 부적제를 코팅시키어 필름에 친수성을 장기간 지속시키므로서 필름을 장기간 사용할 수 있도록 한 농업용 합성수지필름의 무적재 코팅방법 및 그 장치에 관한 것이다. 
     이러한 목적으로 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 필름표면에 코로나방전 표면처리한 후 무적제가 희석된 용액을 도포시킨 다음 건조시키어 필름표면에 무적제가 코팅되도록 하여 필름에 장기간 지속적으로 무적효과를 갖게함을 특징으로 한것이다.
Patent KR-940019882-A (KR)
Title: 레이저 애블레이션장치
IPC: C23C14/28
Filed: 1994-02-23
Abstract: 본 발명은, 박막디바이스에 이용되는 화합물의 막형성에 사용하는 레이저애블테이션장치에 관한 것으로서, 레이저 입사창이 흐려지는 일이 없고, 높은 스루풋에 의해서 대면적 기판에 화합물박막을 형성할 수 있는 장치를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한 것이며, 그 구성에 있어서, 연속적으로 흐르는 기판(1)과 진공조(8)에 의해서 둘러싸인 원통의 회전타깃(5)과의 사이에 레이저광을 조사함으로써, 대기압으로부터 기판(7)을 연속적으로 성막할 수 있고, 또 창을 없애고 슬릿으로부터 레이저를 입사시킬 수 있어, 고속으로 화합물박막을 형성할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 한 것이다.
Patent KR-940022101-A (KR)
Title: 누설전류 방지회로
IPC: H02H3/347
Filed: 1994-02-24
Abstract: [목적]누설전류검출기를 오동작시키는 일없이, 고주파잡음을 충분히 줄일수 있도록 한다. 
     [구성]예로서, S상이 접지된 삼상교류전원(100)의 전원배선(101)~(103)에, 누설전류검출기(4)를 통해 접속된 전기기기(20)의 교류입력단자 R',S',T'와 그 접지단자 E 사이에, 합성누설전류 I R -I T 와 역위상으로 동일진폭의 보상전류 I X 가 흐르도록 하기위한 누설전류보상회로(400)를 설치함으로써, 전원접지선(5) 및 기기접지선(19)에 흐르는 전류를 거의 0으로 하고, 누설전류검출기(4)에 접지콘덴서(10)~(12)를 설치함으로써, 오동작을 방지하도록 한다.
Patent KR-940022934-A (KR)
Title: 반도체 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법
IPC: H01L33/10
Filed: 1994-03-14
Abstract: 내습성이 뛰어나고, 고출력 특성을 구비한 반도체 발광소자 및 그 제조 방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 
     광 취출면 측에 Al을 포함하는 결정층(15)를 구비한 해당 반도체 발광 소자의 발광층이 되는 InGaAlP계혼정층(12,13,14, 및 15)와, 결정층(15)상에 적층된 몰 비율 50% 이하의 Al을 포함 또는 Al을 포함하지 않은 Ⅲ-Ⅴ족 결정층(16)을 가지고 구성된 반도체 발광소자, 또한, 몰 비율 50% 이하의 Al을 포함 또는 Al을 포함하지 않은 Ⅲ-Ⅴ족 결정층(16)은 유기 금속 기상 성장법에 의해 그 밖의 각 층에 연속해서 형성된다.