Patent GB-932203-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to reservoirs of writing and other dispensing instruments
Inventor: FEHLING HANS REINHARD
IPC: B43K7/08
Filed: 1959-02-06
Abstract: In a reservoir for containing and supplying liquids, such as ink to a writing point, or dispensing deodorants, scent, and other cosmetics, having a vented bore occupied by a column of the liquid and a solid follower or piston at the rear end of the column between the latter and the vent, the bore is of non-capillary size, there is a sealing liquid in the annulus between the bore and the follower, and means (such as a spring, a gas, or a permanent magnet) is provided for exerting a force on the follower which tends to urge it out of the liquid in which it is wholly or partly immersed.  Fig. 1 shows a ballpoint writing unit comprising a transparent reservoir 10 and a tip 11 in which a writing ball 12 is rotatably housed.  The tip 11 may be as described in Specifications 564,172, 609,817 or 706,317, the bore of the reservoir 5 mm., and the rear end 14 is either fully open to atmosphere, or vented through an end plug.  Ink 18 is prevented from escaping by a solid cylindrical follower 15 which is a close sliding fit in the bore of the reservoir and has a density equal to that of the ink.  Between the follower and the bore, ink or other sealing liquid is arranged, terminating in a strong concave maniscus 16 near the end of the follower.  A compression spring 18 is anchored at one end to the follower 15, and reacts against a fixed abutment in the reservoir, and is designed to exert a force on <PICT:0932203/III/1> <PICT:0932203/III/2> <PICT:0932203/III/3> the follower in a direction tending to thrust it out of the ink, but not so great as to overcome the capillary pressure which acts upon the submerged end of the follower and tends to draw the follower into the ink.  The characteristics of the spring 18 are calculated according to formulae given in the Specification.  In a modification, a tension spring is arranged above the follower, and is anchored to the follower and to a vented end-plug.  The spring may be omitted, and permanent magnets 20, 21, Fig. 3, secured in the follower 15a and end-plug, respectively, are arranged to exert a force of attraction on the follower.  In a modification of Fig. 3, there is a soft iron core in the follower and a permanent magnet in the fixed end-plug. In Fig. 5, the follower 15 is connected to a secondary follower 23 by a tension spring 17b which draws the followers towards one another to trap a pocket of air or other gas 25, and the secondary follower 23 has a liquid seal between it and the bore of the reservoir.  In a modification of Fig. 5, the spring 17b is omitted and the followers are attracted towards each other by permanent magnets embodied therein.  A further modification of Fig. 5 is shown in Fig. 8 wherein the primary follower 15c is hollow and slidably receives the reduced end 32 of the secondary follower 28, a liquid seal 29 being interposed between them to isolate two pockets 17c and 25 of trapped air.  The air pressure in pocket 25 is above atmospheric and tends to separate the two followers, and the air pressure in pocket 17c, being below atmospheric, tends to draw them together. A liquid dispenser is described which incorporates a follower arrangement as shown in Fig. 5 and having a discharge spout controlled by a tap or valve.