Patent GB-921124-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing petroleum oil additives
Inventor: LANGTON AUBREY TURNER
IPC: C10L1/26
Filed: 1959-12-15
Abstract: Compositions comprising colloidal alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates formed in situ, which may be suitable as fuel or lubricating oil additives are prepared by adding a base of at least one of said metals to a solution of an acidic sulphur-containing hydrocarbon and a phenolic compound in an inert solvent and contacting the mixture with carbon dioxide in the presence of water, and at an elevated temperature.  The amount of base is preferably less than that required to react with all the phenol, and if so desired the carbon dioxide is continuously bubbled through while further quantities of the base are added to increase the carbonate content.  The water may be present in the form of steam, may be entrained in the CO2, or may be derived partly from basic hydrates. The reaction of the organic components and the base is preferably conducted at 160 DEG -400 DEG F.: that with carbon dioxide may be at 230 DEG -300 DEG F. (Ba or Na) or 160 DEG -180 DEG F. (Ca or Mg) and at sub-normal or super-atmospheric pressure.  Specified bases are the oxides, hydroxides or hydroxide hydrates of magnesium, calcium, barium and sodium.  Specified inert solvents are paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthas, gas oils and lubricating oils.  Specified sulphur-containing hydrocarbons are the reaction products of paraffins, olefins, olefin polymers, diolefins, cracked and naphthenic hydrocarbons, bright stock residua, lubricating oil distillates, petroleum and paraffin waxes and the bottoms from fractionated polymerization products of mid-boiling point above 500 DEG F., with sulphur, sulphur dichloride or with a phosphorus sulphide or a mixture of phosphorus and sulphur: preferred phosphosulphurized compounds are obtained from polymer bottoms, polyolefins of molecular weight 100-50,000, e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene and polyisobutylene.  Specified phenols are alkyl phenols with one or more alkyl groups each with 5-30 carbon atoms, polyhydroxyphenols with more than one ring structure, bis-phenols (diphenylolpropene, 2:2-bis-(2-OH-3-t-butyl-5-methylphenyl) propane), acyl phenols and aminophenols (N-propinyl-p-aminophenol, diethylamino phenols, acetyl phenols) and benzyl aminophenols: phenol sulphides (e.g. t-amyl or t-octyl phenol sulphide) and condensation products, e.g. with aldehydes or ketones, e.g. formaldehyde and acetone are also mentioned.  In addition to the above compositions, sulphur and/or phosphorus-containing organic salts of metals of Periodic Groups IIb or VIa, e.g. zinc or molybdenum salts of C3-C20 dialkyl dithiophosphoric acids, trialkyl or triaryl (or mixed alkyl/aryl) esters of phosphoric acid (e.g. tributyl or trierosyl phosphate) may be added to lubricating or fuel oils as anti-wear p  additives.  The first Provisional Specification refers generally to lubricants comprising a major proportion of a lubricating oil (including mineral oils and synthetic oils of ester or silicone type) and a minor proportion of an oil-soluble phosphosulphurized hydrocarbon neutralized with a Group II metal, e.g. Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr or Zn, in which the metal to phosphorus ratio is 2,3:1 to 10:1.