baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-988626-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of esters
IPC: C08G59/40
Filed: 1961-08-23
Abstract: The catalyst used in preparing esters by transesterifying esters with alcohols or esters and for esterifying acids with alcohols, is a polymeric two- or three-dimensional compound <FORM:0988626/C2/1> in which X is a monomeric or polymeric aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic residue which may be substituted by functional groups or hetero atoms, and which X's may be different acid may be cross-linked with one another. Numerous transesterifications are given, and include butanol with b -methoxyproprionic acid methyl ester; n-hexanol with chloracetic butyl ester and acetic acid with butanol. A list of suitable catalysts is given (see Division B1).ALSO:A transesterification catalyst is a polymeric two- or three-dimensional compound <FORM:0988626/B1-B2/1> in which X is a monomeric or polymeric aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic residue which may be substituted by functional groups or hetero atoms, and in which Xs may be different and may be cross-linked with one another. The catalyst is obtained by reacting a titanium tetrahalide, an orthotitanic ester or an orthotitanic ester chelate containing one atomic proportion of titanium, with less than 4 molecular proportions of an aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic polyhydroxy compound or compounds containing the residue X.  In a modification, the orthotitanic ester or chelate containing a part of the residue X is reacted with a compound capable of completing the formation of the residue X.  A long list of suitable compounds is given.  The catalysts can be used as such in solution or suspension, or as filler bodies, or as a coating on filler bodies, eg. of pumice, coke, active carbon, silica gel, aluminium silicate or porous ceramics.
Patent GB-503633-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of triturations from fresh plants or parts thereof
IPC: A61K36/00
Filed: 1937-11-06
Abstract: 503,633. Preparations of medicinal plants. MADAUS, G., MADAUS, F., and MADAUS, H., (trading as MADAUS & CO., DR.). Nov. 6, 1937, No. 30499. Convention date, Dec. 19, 1936. [Class 81 (i)] Preparations of medicinal plants are obtained by finely triturating fresh plants or parts thereof with an insoluble inorganic adsorbent and gradually drying the product in a current of cool air, substances of alkaline reaction being added prior to drying and preferably prior to the trituration. Volatile oils and other constituents present in the plants are retained in the dry products. Adsorbents referred to are colloidal silica, loam, kaolin, fuller's earth, aluminium hydroxide. Alkaline substances referred to are carbonates, bicarbonates and hydroxides of alkali metals or alkaline earths, and alkaline buffer salts or mixtures thereof, particularly such salts as contain the same acid constituents as those naturally present in the plants. Amorphous carbohydrates or carbohydrate derivatives, such as pectin, swollen starch, tragacanth, amyloses and dextrin may also be added. Examples relate : (1) to treatment of thuja with clay and sodium bicarbonate; (2) to treatment of sabina with loam, sodium bicarbonate and pectin; and (3) to treatment of cortex salicis with loess and disodium phosphate. The products are dried to a 2 per cent moisture content by means of a.current of air at a temperature not exceeding 30‹ C. Specification 485,188 is referred to.
Patent GB-248503-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to systems of electric motor control
IPC: H02P5/48
Filed: 1924-12-18
Abstract: 248,503. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., Given, R. D., Pool, W. J., and Liddiard, H. W. C. Dec. 18, 1924. Speed-maintaining systems. - Motors driving different elements of machinery, such as paper making machinery at speeds which must be kept proportional to a master speed, have their fields automatically regulated by one or more small synchronous machines, each comprising a rotatable armature fed with alternating current of a frequency proportional to the master speed and a rotatable field fed with direct current. One member of the regulating machine is driven from a motor whose speed is to be controlled; the other member is subject to electromagnetic torque and is in driving connection with a device for shifting brushes over a constantly rotating rheostat, the arrangement being such that the brushes remain staionary while the desired proportion is maintained between the master speed and that of the working motor. The apparatus is preferably disposed as shown in Fig. 1 with the regulating machine inside a cone pulley 2 driven from a cone pulley 3 coupled in any convenient manner to the working motor, and a rotating rheostat 11 with a movable) brush 10 geared to a spindle 6 on which is mounted the electromagnetic torque member of the regulating machine. The rheostat may be composed, as shown in Fig. 2, of a number of resistance rings 13 tapped at intervals and connected to a commutator bar structure 15. Both brushes may be movable simultaneously by bevel gearing. The rheostat may be connected either to a main or an auxiliary field winding of the motor to be controlled. Specifications 205,215 and 210,229 are referred to.
Patent GB-864808-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to life jackets
IPC: B63C9/125
Filed: 1959-09-08
Abstract: 864,808. Life jackets. BERNHARDT, J. Sept. 8, 1959, No. 30574/59. Class 77. A life jacket comprising inflatable neck and chest portions 1, 2, is inflated from a compressed gas bottle 4, containing, e.g. air or carbonic acid gas, through a hand-operated valve 5, conduits 6, 8, and non-return valves 7, 9, the conduit 8 branching from the conduit 6 at an angle of 90 degrees to ensure that the neck portion 1 becomes inflated before the chest. The valve 7 may have less gas flow resistance than the valve 9 and inflation of chest 2 may be completed orally through a pipe 10. The conduit 8 may have a smaller internal diameter and be inclined at less than 90 degrees to, the conduit 9.
Patent GB-230172-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to circular knitting machines
IPC: D04B15/66
Filed: 1923-12-05
Abstract: 230,172. Stibbe, G. Dec. 5, 1923. Circular machines.-The movement of a part such as a cam or a yarn feed finger is independently controlled at each feeder in the production of patterned fabrics by the use of circular members such as wires, which connect the pattern mechanism to the cam &c. operating mechanism. The invention is described with reference to a four-feeder machine, the tucking cams 1 of which are slidably mounted in the cam shell 2 and are held in clearing position against springs 3 by the points of triangular cams 4, each of which is mounted on an arbor 5 provided with-a a ratchet wheel 6. For actuating the wheels 6, levers 7 pivoted in the machine bed 8 carry spring detents 9, which act on the corresponding ratchets when moved in one direction and yield when moved in the other direction. The lower ends of the pivots 11 of the levers 7 carry two-armed levers 12. One arm 12<a> of each lever can be projected into the rotary path of a roll 13 by the spring 14, while the other arm 12b is connected at 20 to a wire 18 lying in a circumferential groove 17 in the machine bed. Each wire is provided with a tooth 22 registering with a bolt 23 pivoted in a bracket 23<a> and connected with a pattern mechanism such as is described in Specification 217,937. The teeth 22 and bolts 23 are staggered. The yarn feed fingers may be similarly controlled by the members 18 acting on levers or arms at the respective feeders connected to slides operating the fingers. Specifications 195,603 and 204,305 are also referred to.
Patent GB-1403811-A (GB)
Title: Insect proof and moisture proof container
IPC: B65D41/04
Filed: 1973-06-27
Abstract: 1403811 Container closures; wrapped containers QUAKER OATS CO 27 June 1973 [11 July 1972] 30585/73 Headings B8T and B8C A container has a body 11 and screw-cap 15 of deformable material, a flange 13 on the body forming a moisture-proof seal with an annular rib 17 on the cap and the lower edge 19 of the cap forming an insect-proof barrier with a shoulder 14 on the body. The container may be enclosed in and attached to a wrapper 20 having a weakening line in the form of perforations 21. The body 11 and cap 15 may be moulded from polyethylene or polypropylene.
Patent GB-451899-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the treatment of base exchange bodies
IPC: B01J39/16
Filed: 1935-11-05
Abstract: In order to prevent discolouration of water softened thereby, base-exchange material containing humic acid is treated with a solution containing chromium combined as a base.  A complex chromium humate is probably formed.  The base-exchange material may be obtained by treating coal or lignite with sulphuric acid as described in Specification 450,574, [Group I].  Chromic sulphate, chloride and acetate and the chrome alums are mentioned as suitable salts for the chromium solution but solutions of chromates or dichromates may be used in presence of a reducing agent, such as sodium sulphite or bisulphite, so that chromium is obtained as a base in situ.  The treatment may be hastened by heating.  The base-exchange material may be subjected to a preliminary treatment with solution containing alkali metal ions.ALSO:In order to prevent discoloration of water softened thereby, base-exchange material containing humic acid is treated with a solution containing chromium combined as a base.  A complex chromium humate is probably formed.  The base-exchange material may be that obtained by treating coal or lignite with sulphuric acid as described in Specification 450,574.  Chromic sulphate, chloride and acetate and the chrome alums are mentioned as suitable salts for the chromium solution, but solutions of chromates or dichromates may be used in presence of a reducing agent, such as sodium sulphite or bisulphite, so that the chromium is obtained as a base in situ.  The treatment may be hastened by heating.  The base-exchange material may be subjected to a preliminary treatment with solution containing alkali metal ions.
Patent GB-280380-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to machines and apparatus for testing the dynamic balance of rotating bodies
IPC: G01M1/04
Filed: 1926-12-04
Abstract: 280,380. Rowell, H. S. Dec. 4, 1926. Testing balance of rotary apparatus.-Comprises a method of testing dynamic balance in which the body is supported during its rotation to rook about an axis located in the rotational plane of its centre of gravity, and applying to the body a rocking moment equal and opposite to the moment causing out of balance. The frame 2 is adapted to rock about an axis 3, 3 at right angles to the rotational axis 4, 4 of the body 5 to be balanced and may be arranged in a vertical or horizontal plane. When the frame is mounted in a vertical plane, the axis 3, 3 must pass through the centre of gravity of the body 5, while if mounted in a horizontal plane, the axis 3, 3 must lie in that rotational plane of the body containing the centre of gravity. The frame may be supported on knife edges 6, 6 or trunnions, or it may be suspended by a flexible strip or strips, the body or the knife edges k being adjustable to permit of the axis 3, 3 being brought to the required position. A spindle 7 is mounted on the frame 2 parallel to the axis of the body 5 and pivoted on an axis intersecting that of the spindle are two spaced arms 8. 9 each extending on both sides of the spindle in opposite directions, each perfectly balanced and if necessary provided with balanced weights 10 at each end. Two such arms are arranged to swing on axles at right angles to each other. By varying the inclination of these arms to the shaft 7 the individual couples are varied and a resultant couple obtained which balances the out-of balance couple in the body 5. In the example shown, the shaft 7 is driven by a flexible shaft 18 and drives the body 5 by chain gear 13. The. frame 2 is resiliently supported by a spring 20, the tension of which may be varied to produce resonance with the vibration due to the out of balance of the crank shaft or body 5. The shaft 7 may be in line with the axis of the body 5, instead of parallel thereto.
Patent GB-839307-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the dyeing and printing of synthetic high polymeric aromatic polyesters
Inventor: BRAUN WILLY
IPC: D06P3/54
Filed: 1958-09-26
Abstract: In the dyeing or printing of linear aromatic polyester fibres or films with disperse dyestuffs, the materials are treated, before or during the dyeing or printing operation, with diphenylsulphone or a substitution product thereof, such as 4-chlordiphenylsulphone, 4,41-dichlordiphenylsulphone, 4,41-dibromdiphenylsulphone or 4 - hydroxy - 41 - brom - diphenylsulphone.  The diphenylsulphone may be added to the dyebath or pretreatment bath in finely-divided form or as a solution in, for example, dimethylformamide or acetone. Examples of dyeing and printing are given.  A dyestuff preparation contains, in addition to the disperse dyestuff and diphenylsulphone or a derivative thereof, dispersing agents such as a naphthalene sulphonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product, ethoxylation products of alcohols, the sodium salt of isopropylnaphthalene sulphonic acid in admixture with glue, and dyeing adjuvants such as sodium sulphate, chloride or acetate, an alkali metal phosphate, benzyl alcohol, the sodium salt of mono- or di-benzylsulphanilic acid, the sodium salt of naphthalene sulphonic acid and sulphanilic acid.ALSO:In the dyeing of aromatic polyester powders with disperse dyestuffs, the powders are treated before or during the dyeing operation with diphenylsulphone or a substitution product thereof such as 4-chloro-, 4,41-dichloro-, 4,41 - dibromo - or 4 - hydroxy - 41 - bromodiphenyl-sulphone.
Patent GB-1460978-A (GB)
Title: Photosensitive composition
IPC: C08L33/02
Filed: 1974-07-11
Abstract: 1460978 Photo-hardenable polymer compositions FUJI PHOTO FILM CO Ltd and HYDRON EUROPE Inc 11 July 1974 [23 July 1973] 30835/74 Heading C3P [Also in Division G2] A photosensitive composition comprises a photosensitive diazo compound and a polymer containing 50 to 100% by weight of the recurring unit represented by the general Formula I wherein R 1  represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 2  represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl or chloromethyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 10, with the balance of the units, if any, consisting of units derived from one or more compounds capable of undergoing addition polymerization. Such further units may be derived from an acrylate or methacrylate, mono- or di-N-alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl acrylamide or methacrylamide, hydroxyalkylacrylamide or methacrylamide, a monoalkyl ester, or ether, a monovinyl ether, a vinyl ester, styrene, alkylstyrene, halostyrene, halomethyl styrene, alkoxyalkyl styrene, alkyl crotonate, dialkyl itaconate, maleate or fumarate, acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile. The monomer yielding units of Formula I is preferably of higher purity than the commercial material. The preferred diazo compounds are p-diazodiphenylamine and its condensation products with compounds having reactive carbonyl groups such as aldehydes and acetals, such as condensates with formaldehyde, zinc chloride and paraformaldehyde. The diazo compounds may be reacted with coupling compounds. A typical diazo compound is the 2-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-benzoylbenzene sulphonic acid salt of a condensate of p-diazodiphenylamine with formaldehyde. The composition may also contain another resin, suitably one containing hydroxyl, amide or urethane groups, dyes, stabilizers and pigments. Printing plates on a support of paper, plastic, metal, e.g. aluminium or stainless steel, and glass, and also photomasks can be produced from the compositions.
Patent GB-227431-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in liquid rheostats
IPC: H01C10/02
Filed: 1924-12-23
Abstract: 227,431. Gray, B., and Curtis, R. June 16, 1924, [Convention date]. L i q u i d resistances are arranged so that the length of the resistance path between parallel electrode surfaces is varied inversely with its crosssectional area, the path being substantially perpendicular to the electrode surfaces. A sorting-resistance for a threephase hoist motor is shown in Fig 1, a vertical section through one pair of electrodes being shown in Fig. 2. Three fixed insulated electrodes 2, one for each phase, are formed as hollow metallic containers of downwardly tapering form charged with electrolyte. The movable electrodes 3 are of similar shape and are movable vertically by means of a common beam structure 4 which is raised and lowered by ropes 5 clamped to and passed around pulleys 6 coupled by a coupling-rod 7. The pulleys 6 are operated from a handwheel 13 through a crank 15 and connecting-rod 16, which is attached to the pulley at a radius greater than that of the crank 15, so that a full revolution of the wheel causes the pulleys to oscillate through an arc of less than 180‹. A stream of electrolyte is passed between each pair of electrode surfaces by means of an uninsulated main pipe 17 having three branch pipes 18, each controlled by a separate valve 18a. The electrolyte is discharged from the open lower end 19 of each branch and passes through an opening 20 in the lower end of the upper electrode 3 into the lower electrode 2, from the top of which it overflows into a sump 23. From this it is returned to the pipe 17 by a pump 24. The apex 21 of the fixed electrode 2 is cupped as shown to facilitate reversal of of the electrolyte, which exerts an ejector action on the electrolyte in the electrode 3. Collars 25 loosely fitting on the pipes 18 prevent swinging of the movable electrodes 3. Rubber or other insulating studs 28 may be fitted to one or both electrodes to enable them to be brought close together without touching. Spring contacts 29 may be provided on one electrode, to make metallic contact at full load. Continuity in the high-resistance position is maintained by the ends 19 of the pipes 18 dipping into the electrolyte, or dippers 30 of sufficient resistance may extend from the electrode 2 into the electrolyte in the sump 23. In a modification, the electrodes 3 are movable in an arcuate path about a fixed axis, the surfaces of both electrodes being curved so as to remain approximately parallel in all positions. The Specification, as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a), describes a construction in which the three fixed electrodes are immersed in a single container, which may be of insulating material. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-893713-A (GB)
Title: Polymerization of unsaturated ethers
IPC: B30B15/02
Filed: 1960-09-07
Abstract: A catalyst consists of a mixture of (i) a sulphate or selenate of a metal of Group IIIb, IVa, Va, VIa or VIII of the Periodic Table with (ii) an alkoxide of a Group IIIb or IVa metal. Examples of (i) one aluminium, gallium, chromium, iron or nickel sulphate or selenate or titanium or vanadium oxy-sulphates. Component (ii) may be aluminium methoxide, ethoxide, propoxide, isopropoxide, butoxide or tert-butoxide or titanium ethoxide or isopropoxide.  The metal of the metal alkoxide may be the same as or different from that of the metal sulphate or selenate.  The catalyst may be premixed or mixed in situ but is preferably mixed in an inert, anhydrous, liquid diluent such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dichloride, chloro-benzene, diethyl ether or ethyl acetate.  The catalysts are useful for the polymerization of unsaturated ethers (see Group IV(a)).ALSO:Polyethers are produced from monomers of the type -CH=CH-O-using as a catalyst a mixture of a sulphate or a selenate of a metal of Group IIb, IVa, Va, VIa or VIII of the Periodic Table with an alkoxide of a Group IIIb or IVa metal or a trialkyl, alkyl hydride, or alkyl alkoxide of a Group III metal. The monomers specified are vinyl methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert.-butyl, neopentyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, and trifluorethyl ethers, 1-methoxy butadiene and propenyl methyl, ethyl and propyl ethers.  The catalyst is either aluminium, gallium, chromium, iron, nickel sulphate or selenate, or titanium or vanadium oxysulphates.  The co-catalyst is aluminium or gallium triethyl, tripropyl, triisopropyl, triisobutyl, tri-n-hexyl or trioctyl, or diethyl of diisobutyl aluminium hydride, or aluminium methoxide, ethoxide, propoxide, isopropoxide, butoxide, tert.-butoxide or titanium ethoxide, isopropoxide or 2-ethyl hexyl titanate or aluminium diethyl ethoxide or diisobutyl ethoxide.  The metal of the metal alkyl or alkoxide may be the same as or different from that of the metal sulphate or selenate.  The catalyst may be premixed or mixed in situ but is preferably mixed in an inert, anhydrous, liquid, organic diluent and then used alone or with an additional amount of alkyl or alkoxide for polymerization.  The diluent may be an aliphatic, aromatic, or chlorinated hydrocarbon such as hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dichloride or chlorobenzene or an ether such as diethyl or diisopropyl ether or an ester such as ethyl acetate.  The examples quoted exemplify the use of a range of these catalysts with a range of monomers,
Patent GB-771227-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to alternating current electric motors of the inductiontype
IPC: H02K17/10
Filed: 1955-10-28
Abstract: 771,227. Shaded-pole motors. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Oct. 28, 1955 [Oct. 29, 1954], No. 30937/55. Class 35. A shaded-pole motor has its field windings 6, 7 arranged as a step-up autotransformer feeding a condenser 10. The rotor 1 and shading coil 16 are of conventional type. A modification is described in which the field is tapped to produce three sections, the middle of which can be connected in the primary or secondary side to give different speeds of rotation.
Patent GB-848609-A (GB)
Title: A process of producing a uranium dioxide material
IPC: C04B35/51
Filed: 1958-09-29
Abstract: High density uranium dioxide compacts are prepared by mixing from 1 to 3% of calcium hydride with uranium dioxide powder, compacting, heating the compacts in vacuo to decompose the calcium hydride, at a temperature of at least 675 DEG C., and continuing heating until a sintering temperature of 1550 to 2000 DEG C. is reached and maintaining such sintering temperature until the calcium metal formed by the decomposition of the hydride, reduces some uranium dioxide to metallic uranium.  The uranium dioxide employed preferably is of a formula UO2,0; if the uranium dioxide employed has a higher oxygen content, corresponding for example to UO2,1, such oxide is reduced with hydrogen at a 1000 DEG C. before mixing with the calcium hydride.  The uranium dioxide and calcium hydride are preferably blended in a ball mill and the particle size reduced to about 50 microns.  Compacting may be effected at a pressure of 100,000 psi. The bulk density of the sintered compact may be about 8.64 grams/cm3.