Patent GB-216477-A (GB)
Title: Process for the treatment of textile products containing cotton
IPC: D06M11/155
Filed: 1923-07-24
Abstract: Cotton goods or mixed goods containing cotton either in cop, warp, hank or fabric form are treated with carbon disulphide in the presence of alkali lye in such manner that in the course of the treatment there is continuously or temporarily applied a temperature not substantially exceeding 0 DEG  C., for example, to a temperature between 0 DEG  and -25 DEG  C. or lower.  According to the conditions, either highly translucent effects with a very silky lustre are produced, or the goods are given a stiffening finish, or both these effects are obtained; the silky lustre is secured only after stretching the material, either before or after the treatment with carbon disulphide; the stiffening occurs after more prolonged treatment, and may be eliminated if desired by mechanical treatment of the materials.  The materials may be treated either in their raw condition or after bleaching or mercerizing as by treatment with weak lye at low temperatures or by strong lye at normal temperatures, or after a hydrolyzing or gelatinizing treatment, for example, with strong sulphuric, phosphoric, hydrochloric or nitric acid or with hot zinc chloride solution or with concentrated ammoniacal copper solution.  In the carrying out of the process the following alternatives may be adopted:-the material is impregnated with carbon disulphide diluted, if desired, with benzene, petrol, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, &c., and then introduced into alkali lye cooled to a temperature not exceeding 0 DEG  C., for instance to 0 DEG  C. to \sw25 DEG  C. or lower, or into lye at normal or higher temperatures, for instance, 30-50 DEG  C. and afterwards cooling to these low temperatures; the material is introduced into alkali lye containing or to which is added carbon disulphide, and at normal or higher temperature, and the mass then cooled to the low temperature; the material is treated with alkali lye at the low temperature and to which the carbon disulphide is added before or after it comes into contact with the cotton; the material is impregnated with alkali lye, then treated with carbon disulphide in liquid or vapour form, and then at the low temperature treated with alkali lye; or the impregnated material is treated at once with a mixture of carbon disulphide and alkali lye at the low temperatures mentioned.  If temperatures below \sw8 DEG  C. are employed, incipient or complete crystallization may occur especially if weak lyes are used; this is not harmful to and may even improve the result.  The treated material is washed, or acidified and washed, and dried; or it may be dried or steamed before washing; and it may be glazed, printed, beaten mechanically, &c.  Pattern effects may be obtained by printing with albumen, acid, or other suitable resist.  The degree of finishing depends on the duration of the treatment, and the effect may be enhanced by the solution of cellulose in reactive form in the lye used for the treatment.  <p>The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) includes the use of temperatures not substantially exceeding 5 DEG  C., and the following essential conditions:-treatment of the cotton with carbon disulphide in the presence of alkali lye, and the action of the low temperature in the presence of alkali lye. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.