baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-669160-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of catalysts
Inventor: JOHNSON LESLIE VICTOR
IPC: C07C4/18
Filed: 1949-12-05
Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion reactions, e.g. of tertiary butyl benzene to benzene and isobutene and the isomerisation of p-xylene to a mixture of o- and m-xylenes, are effected at 300-500 DEG  C. in the presence of a catalyst comprising one or more oxides of aluminium, zirconium, titanium, thorium or beryllium which has been treated with boron trifluoride or a boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex (see Group III).  Reactivation of the catalyst during use may be effected by adding the fluoride to the hydrocarbon feed.ALSO:Catalysts for hydrocarbon conversion reactions, e.g. the conversion of tertiary butyl benzene to benzene and isobutene and the isomerization o gp. xylene to mixtures of o. and m. xylenes, (see Group IV(b)) are prepared by contacting one or more oxides of aluminium, zirconium, titanium, thorium or beryllium with boron trifluoride or a boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex.  The catalyst may also contain silica or magnesia.  The oxides are preferably carefully dehydrated, e.g. by heating at 400-750 DEG C. prior to the fluoride treatment. The oxides should also be substantially free from alkali metal compounds and in the case of alumina it may be prepared by the precipitation of hydrated alumina from aluminium nitrate; by the hydrolysis of an aluminium alkoxide with aqueous ammonia or acid; or by the hydrolysis of aluminium amalgam, and in the case of an alumina-silica gel it may be prepared as described in Specification 649,999. Regeneration of the catalyst may be effected by treatment with oxygen at 450-700 DEG C. followed by further fluoride treatment for reactionation.  Reactivation may also be effected during use by incorporating the fluoride in the hydrocarbon feed.
Patent GB-629846-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to inflatable cores for use in casting hollow concrete units
IPC: B28B7/32
Filed: 1947-11-25
Abstract: 629,846. Moulding concrete ; inflatable cores. MATHEWS, C. B., and AMBROSE, J. G. Nov. 25, 1947, No. 31211. Addition to 582,587. [Class 87 (ii)] An inflatable core for moulding hollow concrete articles comprises upper and lower metal plates 1 connected together by means of rods 6 threaded through eyelet sleeves 5 on flexible covers 4 enclosing the inflatable tubes 2, through the ends of bridge pieces 3 secured at intervals to the inside faces of the plates 1 and through the loops of restraining members 8 which limit the separation of the plates 1 and relieve strain in the flexible covers 4. The sleeves 5 are cut away to accommodate the retaining members 8 which are themselves recessed to receive the ends of the bridge pieces 3. The members 8 may, as shown, be formed from rubberized fabric wound into multiply form, the plies being secured together at the centre of the members by eyelets 9. The members 8 may also be of chain or other metallic link form. The tubes 2, enclosed in the covers 4 form the flexible side walls of the core.
Patent GB-249238-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cheese
IPC: A23C19/06
Filed: 1924-12-30
Abstract: 249,238. Jackson, W. J. Mellersh-, (Swift & Co.). Dec. 30, 1924. Cheese.-An emulsified cheese is prepared by subjecting comminuted or ground cheese to intense agitation under pressure at a low temperature, below that of pasturization, for such duration as to destroy the original grain and to impart a texture to the cheese such that when it is melted there will be no appreciable butter fat separation. The process may be carried out with' the addition to the cheese of an emulsifying agent such as a small quantity of soda or a portion of previously emulsified cheese. The cheese is cut up into coarse blocks as indicated at A and then ground in apparatus as at B. The ground cheese is received in trucks or receptacles Band weighed quantities of different types are put into a mixer D and then fed forward into the hopper 1 of the eanulsifving-apparatus comprising, as shown, a coarse screw 2 rapidly driven by a pulley 4. A perforated plate 3 at the outlet of the emulsifying-apparatus exerts back pressure on the cheese. The emulsified cheese may be packaged as it is, or it may be pasteurized or sterilized. Specifications 249,239, 249,240, and 243,241 are referred to.
Patent GB-824351-A (GB)
Title: New steroids of the í¸-pregnadiene series and the preparation of í¸-pregnadienes
IPC: C12P33/00
Filed: 1956-10-15
Abstract: The invention comprises D 1,4-pregnadienes of the general formula <FORM:0824351/IV (b)/1> wherein X represents hydrogen or a halogen atom, Y represents a methylene, hydroxymethylene or carbonyl group, Z is a hydroxymethylene group or an alkanoyloxymethylene group in which the alkanoyl portion contains up to 6 carbon atoms, R1 represents hydrogen or a hydroxy group, and R represents hydrogen or an alkanoyl group containing up to 6 carbon atoms, and a process for the preparation thereof by subjecting the corresponding D 4-pregnene to the fermentative enzymatic action of microorganisms of the fungi of the genus Nocardia or of Corynebacterium simplex.  The fungus of the Nocardia genus may be N. corallina, N. asteroides, N. keratolyticus, N. transvalensis, N. erythropolis, N. convoluta, N. gardneri, N. leishmanii, N. opaca, N. blackwelii, N. caviae, N. cuniculi, N. globerula, N. polychromogenes, N. farcinica, and N. sylvodifera.  A nutrient medium containing the said D 4-pregnene reactant may be inoculated with the fungus and fermentation effected under submerged aerobic conditions.  The medium preferably contains assimible carbon, nitrogen and mineral salts.  Suitable D 4-pregnenes which may be used in the above process are D 4-pregnene-11b ,16a ,17a ,21-tetrol - 3,20 - dione, D 4 - pregnene - 9a  - fluoro - 11b ,16a ,17a ,21 - tetrol - 3,20 - dione and D 4 - pregnene - 16a ,17a ,21 - triol - 3,11,20 - trione, and esters thereof.  In the examples, the following compounds are prepared: D 1,4-pregnadiene - 17a ,21 - diol - 3,20 - dione, D 1,4 - pregnadiene - 11b ,21 - diol - 3,20 - dione, D 1,4 - pregnadiene - 11(a  and b ),17a ,21 - triol - 3,20 - dione, D 1,4 - pregnadiene - 11b ,16a ,17a ,21 - tetrol - 3,20-dione and the corresponding 16,21-diacetate, and D 1,4 - pregnadiene - 9a  - fluoro - 11b ,16a ,17a  - tetrol - 3,20 - dione and the corresponding 16,21-diacetate.  The bis-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of D 1,4-pregnadiene-9a -fluoro - 11b ,16a ,17a ,21 - tetrol - 3,20 - dione, 16,21-diacetate is also prepared.ALSO:A therapeutic composition in the form of a tablet, powder, pill, solution or suspension contains as the active ingredient a 1,4-pregnadiene of the general formula <FORM:0824351/VI/1> wherein X represents hydrogen or a halogen atom, Y represents a methylene, hydroxymethylene or carbonyl group, Z represents a hydroxymethylene group or an alkanoyloxymethylene group in which the alkanoyl portion contains up to 6 carbon atoms, R1 represents hydrogen or an hydroxy group, and R represents hydrogen or an alkanoyl group containing up to 6 carbon atoms.
Patent GB-1065293-A (GB)
Title: Process for the partial chlorination of monohydric or dihydric alkinols
IPC: C08K5/05
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: Monohydric or dihydric dichloroalkenols are obtained by treating the corresponding monohydric or dihydric alkynol in the liquid phase and the presence of dissolved hydrogen chloride at temperatures below 20 DEG  C. with less than 2 moles of gaseous chlorine per mole of alkynol. The products are obtained as mixtures of the cis- and trans-isomers which may be separated by fine fractionation or recrystallization.  The corresponding tetrachloroalkanols are obtained as by-products.  Examples are given.
Patent GB-1186177-A (GB)
Title: Germicidal Compositions.
Inventor: PALMER GEOFFREY HASTINGS
IPC: A01N59/12
Filed: 1966-07-14
Abstract: 1,186,177. Bactericide containing iodine/ amine complexes. DIVERSEY DEVELOPMENT Ltd. 14 July, 1967 [14 July, 1966], No. 31642/66. Heading A5E. A composition of matter finding application as a sanitizing agent, e.g. in food processing plant, comprises a complex of iodine and a t-amine of formula in which R is C 1  to C 25  alkyl or is RCO, and n and m are from 2 to 48. The fatty alkyl group or mixtures thereof may be derived from coconut, soya bean or tallow oil. The compositions may be formulated with ingredients selected from further t-amine, water and acids such as citric and phosphoric acids.
Patent GB-723759-A (GB)
Title: Bearing and journal assemblies
Inventor: BARLOW BENJAMIN WILLIAM
IPC: F16J1/14
Filed: 1952-12-15
Abstract: 723,759. Bearings. NAPIER & SON, Ltd., D. Dec. 4, 1953 [Dec. 15, 1952], No. 31747/52. Class 12 (1). In a bearing and journal assembly for use where there is relative oscillatory movement between the bearing and the journal and a substantially continuous and unidirectional pressure of one against the other, the journal has two distinct arcuate running surfaces spaced apart in the axial direction and the bearing has two distinct arcuate bearing surfaces which co-operate with the running surfaces. The axes of curvature of these surfaces are parallel and spaced apart in a plane substantially perpendicular to the centre line of the oscillatory movement so that, when the bearing or journal is swung to one side of the centre line, one of the running surfaces engages its corresponding bearing surface while a clearance is created between the other running surface and its corresponding bearing surface, and vice versa when the bearing or journal is swung to the other side of the centre line. Lubricant is fed to the clearances thus created. As shown applied to a connecting-rod bearing, one running surface 19 and its corresponding bearing surface 14 are disposed centrally of the bearing, while the other running surface and corresponding bearing surface are divided into two parts 20, 21 and 13, 15 respectively. The bearing surfaces are formed on thin-wall bearing shells held in circumferential compression between abutments 24, 25 at the end of the connecting-rod 11. The offsetting of the axis of curvature of each bearing surface may be effected by progressively decreasing the thickness of the wall of the bearing shell. Alternatively the bearing member may be of uniform thickness and the supporting member recessed. Hook members 16 bolted to the gudgeon 12 retain the connecting rod in contact with the gudgeon when there is no downward force. on the rod. Oil passages 26, 27 are provided in the connecting rod. Specification 633,934 is referred to.
Patent GB-341131-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to vaporizers for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M21/10
Filed: 1929-10-19
Abstract: 341,131. Vaporizers; cylinders. WHEELER, W., 148, South Elliott Place, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A. Oct. 19, 1929, No. 31820. [Classes 7 (ii), 7 (iii), and 7 (iv).] A mixture of vaporized heavy oil and air, from a carburetter 8, is heated in a chamber 10, mounted on a water-cooled cylinder head 1 and traversed by sparking-plug chambers 14, Fig. 12, screwed into the usual sparking-plug sockets 15<1>. Unvaporized fuel is collected in annular troughs 13, 18, co-axial with the sparking-plug, and re-vaporized by the heat of combustion, assisted by an electrically heated coil 19. The mixture passes from the chamber 10 through an orifice 22 to a chamber 21, Fig. 10, having baffles 29, where it is heated by exhaust gas passing through passages 221. The mixture then flows through an orifice 30 and a passage 31, Fig. 5, to a three-way cock 32, which enables the passage to be closed at starting and connection to be made to a petrol carburetter 6, Fig. 2. Any unvaporized fuel deposited in the pipe 31 flows through holes 37 to a chamber containing an electrically heated wire 38, the vapour being drawn into the mixture stream through a pipe 40; a valve 41, when opened by energizing a solenoid 451, enables extra air to be drawn in through holes 36.
Patent GB-767190-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes
Inventor: ROBINSON NORMAN WRIGHT
IPC: H01J23/26
Filed: 1953-11-17
Abstract: 767,190. Travelling wave tubes. MULLARD RADIO VALVE CO., Ltd. Nov. 17, 1953, No. 31863/53. Class 39(1). A travelling wave tube has at one end of the conductive helix a helical conductor forming a continuation thereof and bent at an angle thereto, the helical conductor comprising also a transition portion of progressively increasing pitch and terminating in a straight portion the helix and helical continuation having the same cross dimensions and pitch. The angle may be 85-95 degrees, preferably 90 degrees. The gun can therefore be brought up close to the end of the conductive helix. The transition portion gradually increases in pitch towards the straight portion. In one form a casing is made up of two metal plates 1, 2, Figs. 1, 2 stamped to provide channels 7, 8; 9, 10; 11, 12; 13, 14; 15. 16 which form, when the two plates are assembled in registry, a single continuous passageway of circular cross section. A further communicating passageway 17, 18 houses the electron gun. Curved lugs 4, 5 are secured to the tube envelope (not shown). The first mentioned passageway carries an insulating helix 22, Fig. 7 supporting within it the conductive helix and helical conductors 21. Passageways 7, 8, 15, 16 house the transition portions of the helix, the beam passing along 11, 12. In manufacture, the conductive helix (including the transition portions) and the insulating helix are wound on straight mandrels and the insulating (glass) helix is heated and bent so that its two parts make an angle of 90 degrees. The initially straight conductive helix is then inserted into the insulating helix, using a gentle twisting movement. The straight portions 25 of the helical conductors 21 may be integral therewith or separate members secured thereto. The helix assembly is placed in position, the gun aligned, and plates 1, 2 secured together around the electrodes by soldering or deformation of their edges. Slits 26, 27 prevent electrical interference between the conductors in channels 11, 12, 15, 16 and are sealed up with solder or the edges deformed together. The free ends 31 of the conductive helix are then soldered to or form the inner conductors of two coaxial lines the outer conductors of which are connected to 7, 8, 15a, 16a. To assist the transition, the straight conductor 25 can be gradually increased in cross section, e.g. by electrode position, towards its free end. The connections to the gun, collector and getter are brought out at one end, and to the helix at the other end, of the tube, and the input is connected to 15, 16 which gives a more gradual impedance transition than 7, 8. The insulating and conductive helices may be wound in the same or in opposite senses. The collector may be secured via an insulator to the casing 1, 2. A numerical example is given. Specification 691,399 is referred to. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 706,958.
Patent GB-882989-A (GB)
Title: Device for measuring forces
IPC: G01L5/10
Filed: 1959-09-18
Abstract: 882,989. Force measurement. SCHENCK MASCHINENFABRIK G.m.b.H., CART,. Sept. 18, 1959 [Feb. 20, 1959], No. 31931/59. Class 40 (1). A force-measuring device comprises two or more U-shaped members adapted to receive the force at their free ends and fitted with measuring devices at their bases; the members may be united to form a single structural unit. In Fig. 1 the members 1, 2 receive a compressional force due to the load on a crane hook 4 which is attached to the upper ends of the members at 5; the lower ends are fixed to a cross-bar 3 which carries an abutment 3<SP>1</SP> to limit the deflection to a safe value. Measurement is effected by elements 6, 7 which may be wire or foil strain gauges of resistance or semi-conductor material or may be piezo-electric. In Fig. 2 (not shown) three pairs of members are arranged to form a star in the same horizontal plane around the units 3, 5. In Fig. 5 (not shown) the abutment is formed on the upper unit 5 and is extended down with recesses to limit the horizontal deflections of the lower ends of the members as well as their vertical deflections. In Fig. 6 the members 1, 2 and the units 5 are all fabricated out of a single piece of material. The crosssection is reduced at 8 to increase the deflection at the parts where the measuring elements are attached. The U-shaped members may be in one piece and the units 3, 5 separate (Fig. 5. not shown). The abutments can be modified to deal with tensile forces instead of compressional forces.
Patent GB-1369769-A (GB)
Title: Vehicle steering systems
IPC: B62D7/00
Filed: 1973-07-05
Abstract: 1369769 Steering vehicles GENERAL MOTORS CORP 5 July 1973 [13 July 1972] 32008/73 Heading B7H A vehicle includes a sprung mass portion, a steering gear 50 on the sprung mass portion including a pitman arm 56, an axle member 22 resiliently connected to the sprung mass portion and subject to limited twist about its axis 82 in response to torque imposed about the axis 82, a pair of steerable wheel carrier assemblies 38, 40 disposed on the ends of the axle member 22 for pivotal movement about steering axes 34, 36 and a linkage disposed between the pitman arm 56 and one of the wheel carrier assemblies 40 and forming an articulated quadrilateral polygon, the neutral plane of which contains the axle axis 82 and the connection 59 between the linkage and the pitman arm 56 such that bodily shifting movement of the polygon generally in the plane thereof effects pivotal movement of the wheel carrier 40 about its steering axis 36 whereas twisting of the axle 22 about its axis 82 skews the polygon (shown dotted) without bodily shifting the neutral plane thereof. As described the vehicle is of the fourwheel drive type and the axle 22 houses drive shafts (not shown) and includes yokes 30, 32 upon which are pivotally mounted the wheel carriers 38, 40. The wheel carrier 40 includes a pair of steering arms 68, 70 which are connected by universal joints 72, 74 to rods 60, 62. The other ends of the rods 60, 62 are connected by universal joints 64, 66 to a link 58 which in turn is connected by a universal joint 59 to the pitman arm 56. The joints 64, 66, 72, 74 define the four corners of the quadrilateral polygon. The arrangement is such that movement of the pitman arm 56 will bodily shift the polygon to effect steering movement of the wheel carrier 40 whereas limited twist of the axle 22 about axis 82 as a result of torque generated during acceleration or braking will skew the polygon (as shown in dotted lines) but will not produce any pivotal movement of wheel carrier about steering axis 36. Steering movement of wheel carrier 40 is transmitted to wheel carrier 38 via steering arms 78, 80 and track rod 76.
Patent GB-1535775-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing high-strength cold-formed parts
IPC: B21K1/44
Filed: 1976-07-30
Abstract: 1535775 Making nuts and bolts; altering physical properties SCHRAUBENKOMBINAT VEB 30 July 1976 [31 July 1975] 32053/75 Headings B3A and B3V Bolts, nuts &c. having a high strength #750 N/mm.<SP>2</SP> and a yield point #600 N/mm.<SP>2</SP> are made from low or unalloyed bar or wire steel having a carbon content below 0À6% and a tensile strength #500 N/mm.<SP>2</SP> by cold drawing to reduce the cross-section by 20-60% followed by cold upsetting in the opposite direction to that of drawing. As exemplified, the bar is annealed, pickled and phosphated before being drawn with a reduction of 54-3%. Bolt blanks are completed by upsetting in a multi-stage cold header, followed by thread rolling.
Patent GB-211446-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of cellulose films, threads, tubes or the like
IPC: D01D10/04
Filed: 1923-12-29
Abstract: In the manufacture of films, threads, tubes, &c. from viscose, the solution issuing in the desired shape from a hopper or draw-plate, passes into a suitable coagulating-bath, and after withdrawal therefrom immediately and directly passes into a conversion bath in which the film &c. is converted into cellulose, the resulting film being finally washed and then treated with glycerine in order to preserve its flexibility.  A suitable coagulating-bath consists of a solution of ammonium sulphate either alone or together with an acid or a base, or sodium sulphate and acid; for the conversion, a dilute solution of sulphuric acid is suitable.  After conversion, the film is washed with hot or cold water, and then desulphurized by treatment with a hot solution of sodium sulphide or caustic soda; the film is now washed with hot water, followed if desired by cold-water washing, and bleached as a next step.  For the bleaching there may be used a solution of sodium hypochlorite or chloride of lime containing a low concentration of active chlorine, the film being subsequently treated with acid; or the film may be first treated with a solution of sodium or potassium hypochlorite, then washed, and finally treated with acid; or it may be treated with an aqueous solution of chlorine. After bleaching, the film is washed with a stream of hot or cold water, and after passage through squeezing rollers is treated with the glycerine bath; the film is finally squeezed and passed to the drying-apparatus.  When a coloured film is to be made, the bleaching baths are replaced by dye baths. Dyeing and desulphurizing may be carried out simultaneously by the addition of sulphur dyes to the desulphurizing bath; alternatively, sulphur or direct dyes may be added to the original viscose solution.  The viscose solution employed may be loaded with sulphate of baryta, kaolin, &c.ALSO:Films, threads, tubes, &c. consisting of cellulose regenerated from viscose are coloured by passing the film &c. through dye baths, and dyeing and desulphurizing may be carried out simultaneously by adding sulphur dyes to the desulphurizing bath, consisting of a solution of sodium sulphide or caustic dye. Alternatively, sulphur or direct dyes may be added to the original viscose solution.
Patent GB-229802-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in grates for steam-boiler furnaces
IPC: F23H13/00
Filed: 1924-09-01
Abstract: 229,802. Liddell, H. Sept. 1, 1924. Grates.-In a grate of the kind formed in sections adapted to be rotated to discharge ashes and clinker into the ash-pit and each comprising removable fire-bars, the fire-bars e, e<2>, Figs. 1 and 3, are supported on lateral arms a<2> mounted on the spindles a on which the grate sections are rotated, the arms a<2> being provided with vertical ribs a<1> engaging with the forked ends of the wing bars e so as to retain the bars in position when the grate sections are rotated. The bars are also secured in position by plates f bolted to the arms a<2>. The grate sections are retained in their normal position by locking bolts m<1> mounted in a bracket secured to the dead-plate and adapted to engage with lugs h on the arms a<2>.