baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1416982-A (GB)
Title: Mixer stage for microwave receivers
Inventor: SELLBERG F
IPC: H03D7/04
Filed: 1974-05-07
Abstract: 1416982 Frequency changing INSTITUTET FOR MIKROVAGSTEKNIK 7 May 1974 [7 May 1973] 20162/74 Heading H3T [Also in Division H1] A mixer stage for a microwave receiver comprises an input transmission line in which is arranged a mixing diode comprising two rectifier junctions arranged, electrically, in series opposition. The embodiments use a Baritt (barrier injection and transit time) diode, comprising an n region sandwiched between two P+ layers or two metal layers so biased that the complete n area is depleted of movable charge carriers, and the diode passes only the reverse-bias saturation current (Fig. 6, not shown). The mixer may be of the balanced type, the received signals f, Fig. 2, and local oscillations f LO  being applied to a pair of coupled waveguides 8, i.e. a 3dB hybrid, in which half of each of the signals is transferred from the corresponding input waveguide to the other waveguide, with a phaseshift of 90 degrees. Two diodes 9, 10 are arranged in the respective waveguides and connected in opposition to produce an I.F. signal in amplifier 6. A second embodiment comprises an unbalanced mixer stage using only one diode 14, Fig. 3, the signal fs being applied to a first waveguide and the local oscillator signal f LO  to a second waveguide 11 lightly coupled to the first and terminating in a body 12 of absorbing material. For matching diode 14 to the waveguide a piston 13 is provided. In a third embodiment diode 15, Fig. 4, is arranged in waveguide 16 with tuning piston 17, with which it forms a resonator. Diode 15 is fed from D.C. source 18 and so biased as to set up oscillations and act as local oscillator. I.F. signal is obtained across a resistor R and fed to I.F. amplifier 6 via capacitors C1, C2. The Baritt diode may be so short that a positive resistance is obtained for all frequencies up to that used; normally it is made so long that due to transittime effects a negative microwave resistance is obtained, so as to obtain oscillations in the arrangement of Fig. 4 or provide amplification without oscillation in the arrangements of Figs. 2, 3. The arrangement of Fig. 4 may be used as a homodyne Doppler radar, the diode simultaneously constituting the transmitting element, local oscillator and mixer.
Patent GB-771170-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric switches operable by fluid pressure
IPC: H01H35/34
Filed: 1955-07-14
Abstract: 771,170. Pressure-actuated switches. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. July 14, 1955 [Aug. 3, 1954]; No. 20387/55. Class 38(5) [Also in Group XXIX] A switch has a casing 28 divided by a diaphragm 34 into chambers 30, 32, the latter containing co-operating contacts 60, 66 operable by the diaphragm upon pressure variations in chamber 30, a vent 44 being normally partially obstructed by a valve 46 which closes the vent upon an increase of pressure in chamber 32 in the event of rupture of the diaphragm. The valve 46 is integral with a hinge portion 50 and a sleeve 48, and is preferably made of nylon. Chamber 30 is preferably connected to a source of oil pressure in an I.C. engine.
Patent GB-202631-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of solutions of mercury derivatives of hydroxy-sulpho-benzoic acids and their homologues, suitable for use in therapeutics
IPC: A61K47/02
Filed: 1923-08-10
Abstract: The solutions obtained by heating free hydroxysulphobenzoic acids, or their homologues, in excess with water and mercuric oxide are prevented from gelatinizing when neutralized with alkali and cooled, by addition of small amounts of neutral salts, either before or after neutralizing; suitable salts are the chlorides, bromides, iodides and thiocyanates of the alkalis and ammonia; alkaline earth salts, phosphates, and acetates are less effective while nitrates, chlorates, and sulphates appear to have no action.  The solutions may be concentrated and may contain up to 6 per cent of mercury; they are of therapeutic value and are suitable for injection.  In an example sulphosalicylic acid is heated with water and mercuric oxide; after removing unaltered acid by washing with alcohol the product is dissolved in hot water, neutralized exactly with alkali (methyl orange indicator), p  and a small amount of ammonium chloride added; if the neutralized liquid has been allowed to gelatinize it becomes liquid again on addition of the neutral salt.
Patent GB-1360881-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing non-woven fibrous materials
IPC: C08L33/08
Filed: 1972-05-02
Abstract: 1360881 Non-woven fabrics ROHM GmbH 2 May 1972 [3 May 1971] 20426/72 Heading D2B A non-woven fabric is made by adding a binder composition comprising an aqueous suspension of a suspension polymer having a glass transition temperature of less than 35‹C to an aqueous fibrous suspension, wet-laying the resulting mixture to form a web, and drying and optionally pressing the web. The polymer may contain units of a C 1 -C 18  alkyl acrylate, C 4 -C 18  alkyl methacrylate, butadiene, vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, methyl or ethyl methacrylate, methacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, or styrene. Cross-linking monomers may also be used in the preparation of the polymer, as well as plasticisers. Conventional resin dispersions may also be used with the suspension polymer suspension. The fibrous material may comprise rock wool, glass, leather waste fibres, rayon, polyamide, or polyester fibres. Example 7 describes the use of a binder prepared from a vinylidene chloride/ethyl acrylate copolymer to impart flame-inhibiting properties to a non- woven fabric.
Patent GB-681865-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of cellulose esters
IPC: C08B3/22
Filed: 1950-08-18
Abstract: Cellulose is esterified with a mixture of an organic acid anhydride, sulphuric acid as catalyst, and a solvent for the cellulose ester which is formed, and the cellulose ester is then ripened in the esterification solution in two stages, the first at a temperature of 50-60 DEG  C. for 20-40 minutes in presence of 1.5-2.5 per cent of sulphuric acid (calculated on the weight of the cellulose starting material), and the second at 82-87 DEG  C. in presence of 0.7-0.9 per cent of sulphuric acid for a time sufficient to reduce the acyl content of the cellulose ester to the desired value.  The total ripening time may be 300-400 minutes.  At the end of the esterification, unreacted anhydride may be destroyed by adding water, and the sulphuric acid may be partly or completely neutralized, e.g. by means of a compound of a metal which forms a sulphate which is insoluble in the esterification solution.  Magnesium acetate or carbonate, calcium acetate or carbonate, zinc acetate or oxide, may be used.  If the sulphuric acid used in the esterification has been completely neutralized, the required amount of fresh sulphuric acid is added shortly before the ripening step.  Water is also added.  The total amount of water at the beginning of the first ripening stage may be 20-60 per cent calculated on the cellulose.  Before the second stage of ripening a further 50-125 per cent may be added.  The temperature of the ripening solution may be raised to the desired degree by injecting steam.  Ripened cellulose esters of high viscosity characteristics may be obtained, e.g. a cellulose acetate having in 6 per cent acetone solution a viscosity which, measured by a flow method, exceeds that of glycerine at the same temperature. The process may be applied to the production of cellulose propionate. In an example, cotton linters are esterified with a mixture of acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and sulphuric acid.  At the end of the esterification, water is added in the form of dilute acetic acid to destroy the unreacted anhydride and to provide 38 per cent of water based on the weight of cotton.  The water also contains in solution sufficient magnesium acetate to reduce the free sulphuric acid to 1.5 per cent of the cotton linters.  The temperature is raised to 60 DEG C. by injecting steam and is maintained for 30 minutes.  A further 57 per cent of water with sufficient magnesium acetate to reduce the sulphuric acid to 0.85 per cent is then added The temperature is raised to 85 DEG  C. and kept at this value for 270 minutes.  The cellulose acetate is then precipitated by means of water.
Patent GB-832395-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to induction furnaces
IPC: B01J6/00
Filed: 1957-06-28
Abstract: 832,395. Crucibles. UGINE-INFRA. June 28, 1957 [June 28, 1956], No. 20580/57. Class 82(1) [Also in Group XI] A high frequency induction furnace, Fig. 1, comprises a series of spaced coaxial envelopes 1, 2, 4, 5 contained in a member 11 which may be of opaque fused silica. The envelopes 1, 2, 4, a ring 13 and a support 6 are preferably of sintered alumina or chamotted alumina i.e. a burnt refractory material having alumina as a base, and a main support 18, rings 8, 9, 16 and a cover 20 are of refractory material. Heat insulating material 10, 12 is provided adjacent the outer member 11 and the envelopes 4, 5, and aluminium, which has a boiling point higher than the temperature to be obtained, is contained in the space between the crucible envelopes 1, 2. Apertures in the ring 13 enable aluminium in the form of shot or wire to be introduced into the space, and the apertures permit limited access of atmosphere to the surface of the aluminium. An induction coil 19 surrounds the member 11 and the furnace may be provided with pouring means. The envelopes 1, 2 and the ring 13 may be formed as a single component. A horizontal furnace, Fig. 2, includes cylindrical spaced members 21, 22 of sintered or chamotted alumina welded at their ends to form a space 23 for aluminium which may be introduced through apertures in tubular projections 25. Heat insulation 26 may be in the form of part-cylindrical members, and the ends of the furnace may be closed by removable refractory discs 31. The furnace shown in Figs. 3, 4, comprises induction coils 34 and a number of heating units 32 each consisting of aluminium contained within members 35 of calcined or chamotted alumina. Heat insulation 33 is made up of refractory plates 38, preferably alumina, between layers of insulating material 39, 41, refractory plates 40 being provided on the outsidle. The furnace may be operated between 1600‹C. and 2000‹C., and to minimize the possibility of the sintered alumina becoming brittle by being subjected to rapid changes of temperature when the furnace is being heated or cooled, heating means which may be readily regulated may be used in the furnace. If the material to be heated is likely to attack the inner envelope, a separate container, e.g. a crucible, may be used for the material.
Patent GB-597126-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of a protective envelope for underground mains or pipes
IPC: F16L58/16
Filed: 1945-08-10
Abstract: 597,126. Coated pipes. TUBE D'ACIER. Aug. 10, 1945, No. 20581. Convention date, Dec. 28, 1943. [Class 99 (ii)] A protective covering for underground mains or pipes 4 consists of a band 1 of interlaced layers of glass silk threads 2 connected by the glass silk thread seams 3 and impregnated with coal tar or bitumen, preferably made liquid by heat, wound on to the said pipe, smoothed with a tool and left to solidify and become integral with the pipe during cooling.
Patent GB-600727-A (GB)
Title: An improvement in or relating to the cooling of gear units
IPC: F16H57/04
Filed: 1944-10-24
Abstract: 600,727. Toothed gearing. BROWN & SONS (HUDDERSFIELD), Ltd., D., and TUPLIN, W. A. Oct. 24, 1944, No. 20601. [Class 80 (i)] The casing d, Fig. 1, of a gear unit is cooled by a fan a, mounted not directly on the shaft h of the gear unit, but upon a shaft b which is driven from the shaft h by a pinion e and an internally-toothed gear g, or by chain or belt gearing. The fan may be of the axial flow or centrifugal type and two fans mounted on separate shafts may be used, one to cool each side of the casing. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 493,698.
Patent GB-264199-A (GB)
Title: Construction of a permanent white line for road motor guidance and direction
IPC: E01F9/04
Filed: 1925-08-18
Abstract: 264,199. Taylor, A. H. Aug. 18, 1925. Surface markings for traffic guidance are formed of blocks of white porcelain, china clay or similar material spaced apart to form a discontinuous, non-skid, line which is accentuated at bends or other dangerous parts of the road road by laying the blocks near together, and diminished on straight, safe stretches of road by spacing the blocks well apart. The china clay block shown has a domed top C rising from a flat base D and has side grooves E and an opening F to anchor with the road material.
Patent GB-1298917-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to railway vehicle structures
IPC: B61F3/06
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1298917 Railway vehicle bogies GENERAL STEEL INDUSTRIES Inc 19 April 1971 [30 Jan 1970] 20672/71 Heading B7L A railway vehicle has an underframe U and a bogie subjacent thereto, the latter comprising a frame, of side members 7 and transoms 9, 11 and 13, resiliently supported on springs 21 mounted in spring pockets in the frame side members and bearing on journal boxes; 5 which receive axles 2, 3 and 4 carrying pairs of wheels 1, for elastomeric pad devices, comprising elastomeric pads 19 separated by metal plates 31, being secured at one end by bolts 35 to the frame at the juncture of transoms 11 and 13 with side members 7 and at the other end to the underframe U, the pads being yieldable in shear to accommodate lateral and swivel movements of the bogie relative to the underframe; a transverse lever 43 is pivotable about a vertical pivot post 41 secured to the underframe, traction being communicated by two links 53R find 53L pivotally secured in elastomeric pads respectively to opposite ends of the lever and extending therefrom in opposite directions longitudinally of the bogie, the ends of the links remote from the lever being similarly pivotally connected to the bogie frame by means of webs 61. The post 41 is situated at the centre of the bogie. Motors M2, M3 and M4 drive axles 2, 3 and 4 respectively via gears G, the motor reaction being carried by noses N to the frame such that the torque reaction on the bogie from each motor is in the same direction as the other motor torque reactions.
Patent GB-499762-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatic switches for use in telephone or like systems
IPC: H01H67/16
Filed: 1937-07-27
Abstract: 499,762. Automatic exchange systems. AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE & ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., TAYLOR, R., and BAKER, G. T. July 27, 1937, No. 20773. [Class 40 (iv)] In a bidirectional selector having two sets of wipers, vertical stepping and wiper switching are controlled by alternate digital impulses, and access to the upper five levels is obtained in response to a preliminary digit which brings about automatic stepping to the fifth level. The group selector described is of the kind disclosed in Specification 391,151, in which release is brought about by renewal of the rotary movement. Line, release and dialling relays A, B, C energize upon seizure and the first impulse operates the vertical magnet VM. Relay H pulls up at the first step, so that at the end of the impulse VM holds in series with wiper-switching relay DA. The second impulse opens this holding circuit, but DA holds over its middle winding until the end of the impulse and then falls back. This action continues, ZW and DA operating at each odd impulse and relapsing at each even impulse. At the end of the digit C falls back, locks DA (if operated) and leaves H dependent on post springs NPA. If these remain closed, the rotary magnet RM operates in a self-interrupting circuit and the outlets are tested by H, whieh is held over test wiper P1. or P2 while RM is energized as long as busy outlets are encountered. When an idle outlet is found, H falls back and C re-operates, switching through and connecting up H again. After B falls back, H and DA (if operated) are held from the next selecting stage. If no idle outlet is found, H falls back and switch through takes place in the 11th position from which a busy signal is sent by the operation of cam springs S. Upon release, the relapse of H, C remake the circuit of RM. If the wipers are raised to the level on which post springs NPA are opened, H at once falls back and the vertical magnet VM operates in a selfinterrupting circuit to the fifth level on which post springs NPB operate. Relay C reoperates, disconnects DA (if operated) and remakes the impulsing circuit of VM and DA, which respond to the odd impulses of a second digit to raise the wipers to one of the upper five levels. By shunting springs NPA by a front or back contact of DA they may be made effective as regards only one of the two digits which raise the wipers to the critical level.
Patent GB-1468209-A (GB)
Title: Handles for fishing reels
IPC: A01K89/01
Filed: 1974-05-10
Abstract: 1468209 Fishing reel handles ABU AB 10 May 1974 [1 May 1973] 20795/74 Heading A1A A one-piece crank handle for a fishing reel comprises a handle porfion 1 and a shaft portion 2 which has an axial bore for receiving a pin 4 connected to the crank 3 while the handle portion 1 consists of an outer wall 7 and side wall 8 with lamellar walls 9 which divide the handle portion 1 into compartments.
Patent GB-529438-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in teats for infants' feeding bottles
IPC: A61J11/00
Filed: 1939-05-19
Abstract: 529,438. Feeding bottles. EVANS, E. A. May 19, 1939, No. 20812/38. (Class 125 (i)] A teat for infants' feeding bottles has a flow control element comprising a rigid diaphragm 4 with a single hole 8 or holes gauged to permit a predetermined quantity of food to flow therethrough. The diaphragm has a threaded rim 5 to screw on the mouth of a feeding bottle 1. The diaphragms may be interchangeable with different sizes of holes. The teat 6 may be flanged at 7 to be gripped between the diaphragm and a flange 2 on the bottle.
Patent GB-335988-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to mechanism for operating railway signals and the like
IPC: B61L5/16
Filed: 1929-07-06
Abstract: 335,988. Kershaw, A. G., and Westinghouse Brake & Saxby Signal Co., Ltd. July 6, 1929. Hand-levers and hand gearing.-In a railway signal actuating mechanism for the control of two signals by a single double-wire transmission the two wires pass round pulleys at the control point and have their ends fixed, the signals being actuated by moving the pulleys relatively to one another by the action of the signal levers. As. shown diagrammatically in Fig. 4, the signal levers 17, 18 are linked to a floating lever 13 which at its mid-point is connected by a rod 11 to the short arms of bell-crank levers 6, the long arms of which carry pulleys 19, 20 over which pass the two wires 21, 23 of the double-wire transmission to the signal post mechanism 4 which may be of the kind described in Specification 211,986 comprising a disc with cam grooves. Actuation of the levers 18 and then 17 causes the pulleys 19, 20 to approach and then pass each other so that the signal post mechanism 4 is moved in two steps in the same direction to clear the signals 1, 2 successively. In the arrangement shown diagramatically in Fig. 7 the signal levers cause the pulleys either to approach or to recede from each other so that a signal 1 or 2 is cleared selectively since the signal post mechanism 4 is. operated in opposite directions.
Patent GB-276500-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to solutions for removing grease from and curling the hair
IPC: A61Q5/02
Filed: 1926-08-25
Abstract: 276,500. Foltmar, O. S. Aug. 25, 1926. Cleansing-compositions.-A solution for removing grease from the hair consists of a mixture of propyl alcohol, camphor, resorcin, and distilled water, with or without perfume and colouring- material. Benzene may be used instead of, or in addition to the alcohol.
Patent GB-658075-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to combustion apparatus
IPC: F23C99/00
Filed: 1949-08-12
Abstract: 658,075. Water-tube steam boilers. BABCOCK & WILCOX, Ltd. Aug. 12, 1949, No. 20973. Convention date, Aug. 14, 1948. [Class 123(ii)] [Also in Group XII] In a water-tube steam generator having a tube lined combustion chamber 10 fired by pulverulent fuel burners 11, combustion gases How into a stack conduit 46 passing in sequence a steam generator 20 comprising a transversely disposed liquid drum 21 and vapour drum 22 interconnected by tubes 19, a superheater 25 provided with an attemperator 26, an economizer 30 having upper and lower drums 33 and 34 interconnected by tubes 36 and an air heater 40 supplying heated primary and secondary air to said burners 11, (see Group XII).
Patent GB-1335276-A (GB)
Title: Broadcast receiving aerial
IPC: H01Q1/12
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1335276 Aerials; radio receiving apparatus CLARION CO Ltd and ASAHI GLASS CO Ltd 19 April 1971 [12 Feb 1970 4 March 1970 14 March 1970 18 Sept 1970 (2) 2 Oct 1970] 21063/71 Headings H4A and H3Q A broadcast receiving aerial comprises a pair of aerial elements located on and/or within a window glass, means providing reactance between the elements, and a feeder lead connected to one of the elements. When receiving A.M. signals both elements are effective, but when receiving F.M. signals the presence of the reactance means results in only one of the elements being effective. As described, a windscreen 1, Fig. 2, of a motor car carries an aerial 2 which is made up of a vertical portion 3 and a horizontal portion 4, the latter being provided with two reactance elements 5. A cable 6 connects the lower end of the portion 3 to a radio receiver 7. The aerial conductors may be wires or strips and may be provided upon the surface of the windscreen or between constituent lamina thereof. In a second embodiment, the aerial consists of a single horizontal conductor and a single vertical conductor. These are arranged in T formation, a reactance element being interposed in the vertical conductor near its junction with the horizontal conductor (Fig. 5, not shown). In a third embodiment, an aerial similar to that shown in Fig. 2 is provided with a pre-amplifier of chip form, located in or on the windscreen (Fig. 6, not shown). Suitable integrated circuit amplifiers are described, using either a transistor (Fig. 7, not shown) or a diode, such as a tunnel diode (Fig. 8, not shown). In other embodiments, two separate aerials are provided in or on a window glass, for different frequency bands, a reactance element being interposed in one prior to connection to a common feed point. Thus, as shown in Fig. 17, a central vertical aerial conductor 30 is directly connected to the input of a pre-amplifier 33, whilst an aerial conductor 31 of approximately ]-shape, which runs along the lower edge of the window from its centre towards one side edge, continues along that side edge towards the upper edge, and then runs along that upper edge towards the centre, to complete the ]-shape, is connected to said input through a reactance element 32. The preamplifier 33 may comprise a field effect transistor (Fig. 18, not shown). In other embodiments also using two aerials, the pre-amplifier may be omitted, and the shape of one or both aerials be modified. For example, as shown in Fig. 13, the aerial for the lower frequency bands may consist of two ]-shaped portions (similar to that shown in Fig. 17) each provided with additional vertical members extending between their upper and lower horizontal members. Alternatively, such additional members may be horizontal and extend from the side members towards the centre (Fig. 12, not shown).