Patent GB-391245-A (GB)
Title: An improved process and apparatus for low temperature distillation and coking
IPC: C10B1/04
Filed: 1931-11-26
Abstract: 391,245. Low-temperature carbonization. GELLER, J., 2, Geibelstrasse, Duisburg, Germany. Nov. 26, 1931, No. 32855. Convention date, Nov. 26, 1930. [Classes 51 (i), 51 (ii), and 55 (i).] In low-temperature carbonization apparatus heated by the repeated circulation of hot gases through concentrically arranged heating chambers which alternate with vertical annular fuel chambers, the gases traverse the heating chambers in both axial and radial directions or in axial, radial, and tangential directions. As shown in Fig. 1, the hot gases from burners 10 are circulated through the concentric heating chambers 1 fitted with vertical baffles 3. by a centrally disposed fan 8, valve-controlled outlets 12 being provided for the escape from the system of a volume of gas equal to that of the fresh gases supplied by the burners. Apertures 6 are provided in the channel 2 so that the gases traverse the system in a number of parallel streams. !In the form shown in Fig. 1, the complete ring of heating chambers is rotated on rollers 19 by worm gearing 17, 20, gas-tight connections with the central pipe 9 housing the fan 8 being effected by water or sand seals 13 .. 16. The fuel chambers 5 are charged from a hopper 24, Fig. 2, by a series of vertical scraper or bucket conveyers 26 which, on account of the increase in volume of the chambers 5 from the centre outwardly, are of progressively increased capacity or are driven at progressively greater speeds. To provide a free gas space, the extent to which the chambers 5 can be filled is limited by a member 36 carried by the stationary stripper 28 which directs the coke into the discharge shaft 32 where it is quenched by a water spray 33. The gas offtake 35 is carried by the coke shaft 32. A modification js described in which the charging and discharging devices are rotatably mounted while the ring of heating chambers is stationary. Figs. 4, 5 show a further construction in which the chambers 5 are charged and discharged from the upper ends, the charging apparatus comprising shafts 56 fed by a worm 55, while each discharge device consists of an upwardly inclined stripper 57 and guide plates 60 serving to direct the coke on to a jigging shoot 62 which delivers it to the discharge shaft 63. The heating chambers 1 may be fitted with horizontal partitions which divide the gas circulation system into superposed sections, the gases flowing outwardly in the lower section and inwardly in the upper one. This construction necessitates the provision of radial connecting ducts extending through the fuel chambers 5 and to prevent damage to these ducts there is provided an intermittently acting discharge device comprising a vertical breaking member 81, Fig. 7, which is normally held in the retracted position by a spring 87 and is driven upwardly at intervals, to break up the coke so that it falls into the shaft 80, by a cam 84 mounted on a shaft 83 coupled to the drive of the heating chambers. A similar device may be employed to form channels in the fuel to facilitate gas withdrawal. In a still further construction, the ring of heating chambers is divided by radial partitions into sector-shaped compartments, connecting apertures and ducts being so disposed that the gases stream outwardly in one compartment and inwardly in the two adjacent ones.