baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2018074684-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KWON TAE-HO
IPC: H01M10/44
Filed: 2017-04-04
Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery, comprising: a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material layer comprising a soft carbon negative electrode active material and a side reaction product having a particle size (D50) of 10-70 nm; a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material; and an electrolyte.
Patent WO-2017200222-A1 (WO)
Title: 간섭계와 영상을 이용한 정밀 측정 시스템
Inventor: CHOO HEUNG RO
IPC: G01B11/25
Filed: 2017-04-26
Abstract: 본 발명은 간섭계와 영상을 이용한 정밀 측정 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 이송장치에 의하여 이동 가능한 물체와의 거리를 측정하는 간섭계; 특정위치에 고정되어 특정 범위 내에 위치하는 물체의 영상을 촬영하는 영상 장치; 및 상기 간섭계에 의하여 측정된 거리 및 상기 영상장치에 의하여 획득된 영상을 기초로, 기준지점으로부터 상기 영상의 각 픽셀까지의 거리를 나타내는 절대좌표를 산출하고, 상기 절대좌표를 기초로 상기 영상의 픽셀들간의 절대거리를 산출하고, 상기 절대좌표 또는 절대거리를 이용하여 상기 영상장치에 의하여 촬영된 상기 물체의 길이를 측정하는 제어장치를 포함한다.
Patent WO-2018016734-A1 (WO)
Title: 온도 측정 지원형 광섬유 음향센서
Inventor: KIM MYOUNG JIN
IPC: G01J5/28
Filed: 2017-06-02
Abstract: 본 발명은 온도 측정 지원형 광섬유 음향센서에 관한 것으로서, 펄스광 생성부로부터 입력되는 펄스광을 제1출력단을 통해 출력하고, 제1출력단에서 역으로 입사되는 광을 검출단을 통해 출력하는 광서큘레이터와, 광서큘레이터의 제1출력단을 통해 출력되는 광이 전송될 수 있게 설치된 센싱 광섬유와, 센싱 광섬유에서 산란되어 역으로 진행되는 레일레이 후방산란광을 검출하는 제1센싱광검출부와, 센싱 광섬유에서 산란되어 역으로 진행되는 라만 후방산란광을 검출하는 제2센싱광검출부와, 레일레이 후방산란광은 제1센싱광검출부에 출력하고, 라만 후방산란광은 제2센싱광검출부로 출력하도록 설치된 파장필터와, 펄스광의 출력 시점을 기준으로 제1센싱광검출부에서 검출되는 신호로부터 진동주파수 및 세기를 측정하고, 제2센싱광검출부에서 검출되는 신호로부터 온도를 측정하는 신호 처리부를 구비한다.
Patent WO-2018016753-A1 (WO)
Title: 파워시트 시스템 및 이의 모터 역회전 감지 방법
Inventor: LEE HO CHEOUL
IPC: B60N2/02
Filed: 2017-06-22
Abstract: 본 발명은 파워시트 시스템 및 이의 모터 역회전 감지 방법에 관한 것으로, 상기 파워시트 시스템은 회전 동작을 통해 파워시트의 위치를 가변하는 모터; 상기 모터의 회전에 따른 홀 전압 변화를 센싱하여 펄스 신호를 생성 및 출력하는 홀센서; 및 상기 모터와 상기 홀센서의 출력을 모니터링하며, 모터 정지에 따른 모터 전류 오버 슈팅 구간과 상기 펄스 신호 값 변화가 동시 검출되면, 모터 역회전에 따른 역펄스 발생을 감지 및 통보하는 모터 역회전 감지부를 포함할 수 있다.
Patent WO-2018062784-A1 (WO)
Title: Solution de dopage pour la préparation d'un film optique, et film optique utilisant la solution de dopage
Inventor: PARK SUNG IL
IPC: C08F2/20
Filed: 2017-09-25
Abstract: L'invention concerne une solution de dopage pour préparer un film de protection de plaque de polarisation par un procédé de coulée en solution en utilisant un polymère acrylique ayant une résistance thermique élevée et un poids moléculaire élevé, et un film de protection de plaque de polarisation utilisant la solution de dopage. Le film de protection de plaque de polarisation utilisant la solution de dopage selon la présente invention présente d'excellentes propriétés optiques, une résistance à la traction élevée et des propriétés hygroscopiques faibles, ainsi qu'une résistance thermique élevée ; il présente par conséquent une excellente stabilité dimensionnelle et une excellente adhérence à un film d'alcool polyvinylique.
Patent WO-2018062919-A1 (WO)
Inventor: MOON HO RIM
IPC: G21C9/016
Filed: 2017-09-28
Abstract: The present invention relates to a core catcher having enhanced core spreading performance, which is a core catcher positioned under a reactor core and cooling a melted reactor core. The present invention comprises: a first structure forming a first accommodation space; and a cooling structure body positioned in the first structure and comprising at least two floor portions protruding toward a reactor core, and a valley portion between the floor portions.
Patent WO-2019009481-A1 (WO)
Title: Display device
Inventor: CHUN YOUNGHO
IPC: G09G3/20
Filed: 2017-12-14
Abstract: A display device is disclosed. The display device of the present invention comprises: a display unit for displaying an image; a control unit disposed to be spaced apart from the display unit and providing power and signals to the display unit; a cable for electrically connecting the display unit and the control unit and transmitting the power and the signals; and a control part for controlling the characteristics of the power according to the length of the cable.
Patent WO-2019022316-A1 (WO)
Title: Rotation-type cosmetic container
Inventor: CHUNG IN YONG
IPC: A45D34/04
Filed: 2017-12-15
Abstract: The present invention relates to a rotation-type cosmetic container enabling: a container opening and closing portion to open and close a storage container by rotating around a container protecting portion having the storage container provided therein, and thus preventing loss of components; and both sides of the storage container to be pressurized by a pressurizing discharge portion such that the contents of the storage container can easily and conveniently be used until being used up.
Patent WO-2018124757-A1 (WO)
Title: 크롤러 원격 관리 시스템 및 그 관리 방법
Inventor: RYU DAE GULL
IPC: G06F17/30
Filed: 2017-12-28
Abstract: 본 발명에 따른 크롤러 원격 관리 시스템 및 관리 방법은 국가를 망라하여 전지역에 산재되어 있는 복수의 크롤링 서버를 원격으로 관리함으로써, 국내외에 유통되는 불법 저작물을 색출하고, 지연 시간 설정 및 고유 권한 정보 재설정을 통해 웹사이트의 모니터링을 지속적으로 수행하며, 각국에 산재된 각각의 크롤러에 대한 실행 상황 정보 및 크롤러의 실행과 관련된 통계 정보를 원격으로 확인할 수 있다.
Patent WO-2018230815-A1 (WO)
Title: 드론을 이용한 계기착륙 신호 분석 시스템
Inventor: CHAE JI WOONG
IPC: G06Q50/30
Filed: 2018-03-05
Abstract: 본 발명의 실시 형태는 활주로의 비행 경로를 따라 비행하면서, 활주로의 중심선의 정보를 제공하는 LLZ 신호(LLZ signal), 활공각 정보를 제공하는 GP 신호(GP signal), 마커 비컨의 위치 정보를 제공하는 MB 신호(MB signal)를 포함한 ILS 신호를 측정하여 지상국 분석 센터 서버로 무선 전송하는 드론; 및 상기 드론으로부터 측정되는 LLZ 신호, GP 신호, 및, MB 신호를 포함한 ILS 신호를 수신하여, 수신된 LLZ 신호, GP 신호, 및, MB 신호를 출력하는 지상국 분석 센터 서버;를 포함할 수 있다.
Patent WO-2019235652-A1 (WO)
Title: Offshore water treatment system
Inventor: CHOI DONGMIN
IPC: C02F1/24
Filed: 2018-06-04
Abstract: The present invention relates to an offshore water treatment system wherein microorganisms in introduced seawater are killed in a seawater supply tube; the coupling force of the seawater is weakened by light energy, wave energy, and microwaves; while seawater supplied through the seawater supply tube moves via a water-purifying device installed in a ship (A) or the like on the sea, organic materials, contaminants, and microorganisms included in the seawater are separated and removed; a part of seawater having self-purification ability is discharged to the sea; the remainder of the seawater undergoes a water purification process through a floating separation tank, a decomposition tank, a coagulation reaction tank, a precipitation tank, and a purifier such that organic materials, contaminants, and microorganisms included in the seawater are separated, thereby facilitating separation of salts; the purified seawater is supplied to a seawater heating chamber, a first heat-exchange tube, and a second heat-exchange tube; a heat-exchange portion, a re-combustion portion, a focused combustion portion, a light-collecting plate, a magnetization contact piece, an ultrasonic wave generator, and a high-frequency wave generator are installed to heat the seawater by using a heat exchange scheme and a heat dilution scheme, thereby discharging steam from which salts have been removed; an ion exchange scheme is used such that the seawater is changed to pure water by using a small amount of energy; and, if necessary, the seawater passes through a desalination layer having quartz porphyry, zeolite, tourmaline, and loess laminated on each other, thereby obtaining potable water.
Patent WO-2019107702-A1 (WO)
Inventor: PARK SOOAN
IPC: A61F9/02
Filed: 2018-08-10
Abstract: 압력평형 더블렌즈 유닛 및 이를 포함하는 더블렌즈 고글을 제공한다. 더블렌즈 유닛은 내측에 개구가 형성된 렌즈 프레임, 렌즈 프레임의 일면에 접착된 외부 가스켓, 외부 가스켓에 일면에 접착된 외부렌즈, 외부렌즈와 외부 가스켓 사이 또는 외부 가스켓과 렌즈 프레임 사이에 섬유로 형성된 적어도 하나 이상의 제 1공기터널, 렌즈 프레임의 타면에 접착된 내부 가스켓, 및 내부 가스켓의 타면에 접착된 내부렌즈를 포함한다.
Patent WO-2019074224-A1 (WO)
Title: Ultrasonic diagnosis device and operation method thereof
Inventor: PARK Sung-Ah
IPC: A61B8/00
Filed: 2018-09-20
Abstract: Provided are a method and device for generating and changing a preset of an ultrasonic diagnosis device. In an embodiment, the ultrasonic diagnosis device is characterized by including: a user input unit which receives a user input for operating the ultrasonic diagnosis device while examining a subject body; a storage unit which stores a preset; a control unit which loads the preset and changes an ultrasonic examination mode and parameter values according to the received user input; and a display unit which displays the changed ultrasonic examination mode and the changed parameter values so as to be distinguishable from the previously set ultrasonic examination mode and previously set parameter values included in the preset.
Patent WO-2020027395-A1 (WO)
Title: Secondary battery manufacturing equipment and secondary battery manufacturing method using same
Inventor: CHUNG YOUN GIL
IPC: H01M10/0583
Filed: 2019-01-10
Abstract: A secondary battery manufacturing equipment according to the present invention comprises: a main body unit; a pair of electrode plate loading units, disposed in the main body unit to face each other, for supplying electrode plates of different polarities; an electrode plate transfer unit for transferring the electrode plates of different polarities, supplied from the pair of electrode plate loading units, to a set stacking position in an intersecting manner; a stacking unit installed in the main body unit to be disposed at the stacking position for horizontally reciprocating within a first distance range which is set as the electrode plates are transferred in an intersecting manner; a separator supply unit installed in the main body so as to be disposed above the stacking unit for horizontally reciprocating within a second distance range which is set such that a separator is interposed between the electrode plates that are transferred in an intersecting manner; and a control unit for controlling driving of the pair of electrode plate loading units, the electrode plate transfer unit, the stacking unit, and the separator supply unit.
Patent WO-2019146940-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KIM SEUNGHA
IPC: C09K11/06
Filed: 2019-01-11
Abstract: 본 명세서는 색변환 필름, 이를 포함하는 백라이트 유닛 및 디스플레이 장치에 관한 것이다.
Patent WO-2019172528-A1 (WO)
Title: X-ray imaging device and method
Inventor: SEEN DONGJUNE
IPC: A61B6/00
Filed: 2019-01-30
Abstract: An X-ray imaging device and method is disclosed. The X-ray imaging device according to an aspect of the present invention comprises an X-ray irradiation device for emitting, to a subject, X-rays which completely cover a to-be-captured region of the subject, wherein the X-ray irradiation device includes an irradiation surface from which X-rays are emitted and a blocking member which blocks X-rays by covering a part of the irradiation surface and determines a region to be irradiated with X-rays.
Patent WO-2019182389-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHOI JUNG HWAN
IPC: G07F13/06
Filed: 2019-03-21
Abstract: The present invention relates to a soup base and hot water supply apparatus for an instant noodle vending machine, the apparatus supplying a soup base and hot water to a pressure container by being installed in an instant noodle vending machine capable of rapidly cooking instant noodles by means of the pressure container and providing same to a person who ordered same, the apparatus comprising: a soup base supply part for maintaining a liquid soup base in a state of being pressurized by a predetermined pressure, and for continuously supplying the liquid soup base to a pressure container via a soup base supply tube; a soup base control valve provided to the soup base supply tube so as to control the amount of the soup base supplied to the pressure container; a hot water supply part for supplying hot water to the pressure container; and a hot water supply valve provided to the hot water supply part so as to open/close the hot water supply to the pressure container.
Patent WO-2020130239-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KWAK SUNG GUN
IPC: C08J3/22
Filed: 2019-04-25
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un mélange maître utilisé pour la fabrication d'un produit plastique et concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un mélange maître plastique antimicrobien en utilisant des granulés de macsumsuk, qui permet à un rayon infrarouge lointain d'être fortement irradié et de présenter un excellent effet antibactérien, en ajoutant, lorsqu'une pastille est fondue, des granulés de plastique poreux qui contiennent des matériaux antibactériens et qui sont formés de macsumsuk en tant que matières premières.
Patent WO-2019212247-A1 (WO)
Title: Method and apparatus for enhancing measurement rule on unlicensed frequency in wireless communication system
Inventor: KIM SANGWON
IPC: H04W48/02
Filed: 2019-05-02
Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing a measurement rule on an unlicensed frequency in a wireless communication system is provided. A wireless device performs measurements of neighbor cells when a channel occupancy of the ulicensed carrier is above a second threshold, even though a quality of a serving cell on the unlicensed carrier is above a first threshold (i.e. s-measure).
Patent WO-2020230915-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KIM MOON KYUNG
IPC: G02B9/64
Filed: 2019-05-13
Abstract: Provided are a wide-angle lens system and an electronic apparatus including the same. The wide-angle lens system includes a first lens group located closest to an object side, a second lens group located at a side of the first lens group to be close to an image side and configured to perform focusing, and a third lens located at a side of the second lens group to be close to the image side, wherein the first lens group and the third lens group are fixed during focusing.
Patent WO-2020045820-A1 (WO)
Inventor: CHAE OHBYONG
IPC: H01M4/1395
Filed: 2019-07-11
Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery electrode to be applied to a lithium secondary battery so as to improve cycle performance and efficiency of the battery, and a manufacturing method therefor. When the lithium secondary battery electrode of the present invention is applied to a lithium secondary battery, deposition and stripping of lithium metal occur uniformly over the entire surface of the electrode during charging/discharging of the battery, and thus non-uniform lithium dendrite formation is inhibited, thereby enabling an improvement in cycle and efficiency characteristics of the battery. In addition, the lithium secondary battery electrode according to the present invention exhibits significantly higher flexibility than a conventional electrode including a metal current collector and an active material layer, thereby enabling an improvement in processability during the manufacture of electrodes and battery assemblies.
Patent WO-2020105893-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KIM JOO YOUNG
IPC: H01L23/29
Filed: 2019-10-30
Abstract: The present invention pertains to: a polyamic acid composition for packaging electronic components; and a method for packaging electronic components using same. The polyamic acid composition comprises: a high proportion of a dianhydride main component which is a dianhydride-based monomer having a benzophenone structure; and a diamine component which is a diamine-based monomer having a benzene ring. A polyimide thin film formed from the polyamic acid composition can have an improved thermal expansion coefficient or glass transition temperature, elongation, etc. When used as a packaging material for an inorganic material such as a silicon wafer, the polyimide thin film exhibits excellent adhesion to the inorganic material, and can not only be easily removed by O 2  plasma, but also leaves an extremely small amount of organic residue on the surface of the inorganic material upon being removed, and can thus be readily used as a packaging material for electronic components and the like.
Patent WO-2020141725-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SHIN JEONG HOON
IPC: F21V21/38
Filed: 2019-11-21
Abstract: L'invention concerne un système de production d'énergie solaire intelligent comprenant : un poteau fixé de façon à rester sur le sol ; un panneau solaire disposé de manière oblique sur le dessus du poteau et produisant de l'électricité solaire ; un dispositif de rotation installé sous le panneau solaire et fournissant une force de rotation au panneau solaire ; et un micro-ordinateur qui entraîne et commande le dispositif de rotation, et exécute un premier mode de rotation permettant de produire de l'électricité solaire tout en faisant tourner le panneau solaire à une vitesse prédéterminée après le coucher du soleil, et un second mode de rotation permettant de déplacer le panneau solaire vers la position de départ en faisant tourner le panneau solaire de telle sorte que la surface supérieure du panneau solaire est orientée vers l'est à l'aide d'électricité résiduelle délivrée par le panneau solaire pendant le coucher du soleil, immédiatement après le coucher du soleil, ou juste avant le coucher du soleil.
Patent WO-2020185000-A1 (WO)
Inventor: RAYAVARAPU RATNAKAR RAO VENKATA
IPC: G06N20/00
Filed: 2020-03-12
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present disclosure relates to a method for optimizing processing of application requests.
Patent WO-2020197227-A1 (WO)
Title: Biomarker cereblon for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma, and novel monoclonal antibody specific thereto
Inventor: LEE KYUNG JIN
IPC: G01N33/574
Filed: 2020-03-23
Abstract: The present invention relates to a use of Cereblon (CRBN) as a biomarker for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma, and a novel monoclonal antibody specific to Cereblon. More specifically, the present invention relates to a composition for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma or predicting a prognosis by using CRBN as a biomarker for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma, a kit, a method for providing information for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma or predicting a prognosis, two novel monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to CRBN, and a hybridoma cell producing same. The difference in expression level of CRBN protein allows patients with hepatocellular carcinoma to be diagnosed early and indicates better predictive capabilities than the presence or absence of microvascular invasion, which was an important factor in predicting a prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in prior art, and thus can be expected to be used as a diagnostic marker to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma and to evaluate a prognosis after hepatic resection.
Patent WO-2021230390-A1 (WO)
Title: Power module and method for manufacturing power module
Inventor: KIM SUNG TAE
IPC: H01L25/065
Filed: 2020-05-11
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a power module and a method for manufacturing the power module. The power module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a substrate, a heat diffusion plate, and power devices arranged on the heat diffusion plate, wherein the heat diffusion plate includes a first mixed layer containing tin (Sn) and silver (Ag) and a heat diffusion layer arranged on the first mixed layer, and the first mixed layer may be arranged between the heat diffusion layer and the substrate.
Patent WO-2021256598-A1 (WO)
Inventor: PARK JUNWOO
IPC: H01M10/052
Filed: 2020-07-02
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'une électrolyte solide pour une batterie secondaire au lithium. Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un électrolyte solide, comprenant les étapes consistant à : (A) préparer une solution d'électrolyte solide en mélangeant du sulfure de lithium (Li2S), du soufre (S), du sulfure de phosphore (P2S5), et du chlorure de lithium (LiCl) ; (b) agiter la solution d'électrolyte solide ; et (c) sécher la solution agitée à l'étape (b) et la traiter thermiquement.
Patent WO-2021010723-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HAN SEON-YOUNG
IPC: C07K14/00
Filed: 2020-07-14
Abstract: The present invention provides the peptide nucleic acid derivative which targets 3' splice site of the human MLPH pre-mRNA "exon 2". The peptide nucleic acid derivatives in the present invention strongly induce splice variants of the human MLPH mRNA in cell and are very useful to treat diseases or conditions of skin pigmentation associated with the human MLPH protein.
Patent WO-2021112370-A1 (WO)
Title: Multilayer cornea harvesting apparatus and cornea harvesting method using same
Inventor: CHANG DONG JIN
IPC: A61B17/32
Filed: 2020-08-07
Abstract: The present invention relates to a multilayer cornea harvesting apparatus capable of obtaining several layers of cornea from one cornea enucleation object and a cornea harvesting method using same. According to one aspect of the present invention, provided is a multilayer cornea harvesting apparatus comprising: a base supported on a bottom surface; a mount detachably coupled to the base, allowing a cornea enucleation object to be placed thereon, having a first opening part formed at a portion corresponding to the cornea of the cornea enucleation object, and having a first medicinal fluid charging space formed between the base and the mount; a stabilizer fixing, to the mount, a sclera portion of the cornea enucleation object placed on the mount and having a second opening part formed at a portion corresponding to the cornea; and an upper cover detachably provided on the upper side of the cornea, supported by the mount or supporting the mount, and forming a second medicinal fluid charging space on the upper side of the cornea.
Patent WO-2021060768-A1 (WO)
Title: System and device for generating aerosol with plurality of aerosol generating substrates
Inventor: LEE SEUNG WON
IPC: A24F40/50
Filed: 2020-09-16
Abstract: An aerosol generating system includes: a cigarette including a first segment and a second segment; a heater generating an aerosol by heating at least a portion of an aerosol generating substrate arranged in the first segment and the second segment; a cigarette recognition sensor detecting an identification element arranged in the first segment or the second segment in the cigarette; and a controller identifying a type of the cigarette on the basis of a result detected by the cigarette recognition sensor and controlling a power supply to the heater to heat the cigarette according to a temperature profile corresponding to the identified type.
Patent WO-2021060799-A1 (WO)
Title: Electronic device including display and camera device
Inventor: KIM IL
IPC: G02B1/11
Filed: 2020-09-22
Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a transparent plate, a display disposed under the transparent plate and including an opening, an optical sensor aligned under the opening, a transparent body that is extended from a first surface facing the transparent plate to a second surface disposed on an opposite side of the first surface and facing the optical sensor, and is at least partially disposed in the opening, and a light shielding film disposed on a side surface of the transparent body between the first surface and the second surface. It is possible to provide various other embodiments.
Patent WO-2022114302-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KIM YOUNG DOH
IPC: G01C21/20
Filed: 2020-11-27
Abstract: 선박의 항로를 결정하는 항로 결정 서버는 복수의 웨이포인트(WayPoint)에 대한 정보를 저장하는 데이터베이스, 복수의 웨이포인트에 대한 정보에 포함된 위도 데이터 및 경도 데이터에 기초하여 각 웨이포인트별로 복수의 다른 웨이포인트를 연결하여 복수의 네트워크 그래프를 생성하는 네트워크 그래프 생성부, 사용자 단말로부터 출발지 및 목적지에 대한 정보를 수신하는 항구 정보 수신부, 출발지 및 목적지에 대한 정보에 기초하여 복수의 네트워크 그래프 중 하나를 선택하는 네트워크 그래프 선택부 및 선택된 네트워크 그래프에 대응하는 항로에 대한 정보를 상기 사용자 단말로 전송하는 항로 정보 전송부를 포함할 수 있다.
Patent WO-2021137616-A1 (WO)
Title: Flexible photo-pattern mask for organic light-emitting display with high resolution, and method for manufacturing same
Inventor: CHA HYUK JIN
IPC: H01L51/00
Filed: 2020-12-30
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a flexible photo-pattern mask, comprising the steps of: (a) coating a photoresist composition on a substrate to form a photoresist film; (b) exposing and patterning the photoresist film; (c) developing the patterned photoresist film; and (d) curing the developed photoresist film to form a pattern layer including a plurality of tapered openings.