Patent GB-1053469-A (GB)
IPC: C07F9/02
Abstract: A lubricating oil or fuel contains 0.01-20% by weight of a mineral-oil-soluble reaction product of (1) an adduct of (A) 0.2-4.0 molar proportions of a metal diorganodithiophosphate, wherein the organo groups contain 1-30 C atoms each and wherein the metal is capable of co-ordination with an amine and (B) 1 molar proportion of a polyamine containing 2-12 amine groups separated by saturated C1-5 hydrocarbon groups, and (2) 0.5-2.0 molar proportions of an alkenyl-succinic anhydride or acid, per mole of polyamine, the alkenyl group containing 30-250 C atoms.  The polyamine may be of formula <FORM:1053469/C4-C5/1> wherein n is 1-5, m 0-10, and the similar or dissimilar R1, R2 are H or C1-10 alkyl, e.g. ethylene diamine to tetraethylene pentamine, octaethylene nonamine, propylene diamine, and tetrapropylene pentamine. N-Alkylpiperazines may also be used.  Dithiophosphates specified are nickel di-(2,4-diamylphenoxyethyl), aluminium tri-(laurylphenyl), zinc di-(methoxyphenol), zinc diamyl, zinc dilauryl, zinc amylbutyl, and cadmium di-(dicapryl) dithiophosphates. The adduct may be formed at room temperature in presence of a solvent.  In fuels 0.001-1.0% by weight of the additive may be used.  The lubricating oil may be a mineral oil or a synthetic oil such as di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, a complex or carbonate ester, or a polysilicone.  Antioxidants such as phenyl-a-naphthylamine, rust inhibitors such as sodium nitrite or lanolin, detergents such as basic calcium petroleum sulphonate, phosphosulphurized polyisobutylene, and barium phenate sulphide, viscosity index improvers such as polymethacrylates, and dyes may also be added. Lubricating oil compositions specified are (1) 1.9% by weight of the reaction product of polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride and an adduct of tetraethylene pentamine with zinc amylisobutyl dithiophosphate, 3.5% of detergent-inhibitor prepared by reacting phosphosulphurized polyisobutylene, nonylphenol and Ba(OH)2.5H2O and blowing with CO2, and 94.6% of mineral lubricating oil of viscosity 325 SUS/100 DEG  F. and a V.I. of 100; (2) (for comparison) as (1), but using 0.9% of an oil solution of zinc amylisobutyl dithiophosphate and 1.0% of an oil concentrate of the reaction product of tetraethylene pentamine, polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride, and acetic acid; and (3) (for comparison) lubricating oil, 3.5% of detergent-inhibitor, and 0.9% of an oil solution of zinc amylisobutyl dithiophosphate. ALSO: Products soluble in mineral oil and having sludge dispersing properties are prepared by reacting an adduct of (A) 0.2 to 4.0 molar proportions of a metal diorgano dithiophosphate wherein said organo groups contain 1 to 30 carbon atoms each and wherein said metal is a metal capable of co-ordination with an amine and (B) a 1 molar proportion of polyamine containing 2 to 12 amine groups separated by saturated C1 to C5 hydrocarbon groups, with 0.5 to 2.0 molar proportions of an alkenyl succinic anhydride or acid thereof, per mole of said polyamine, wherein said alkenyl group contains 30 to 250 carbon atoms.  The polyamines include those of the general formula <FORM:1053469/C3/1> where n is 1 to 5, m is 0 to 10, and R1 and R2 are similar or dissimilar and are H or C1 to C10 alkyl groups, and N-alkylpiperazines of formula <FORM:1053469/C3/2> where R is hydrogen, -CH2CH2NH2 or -CH2CH2NH-CH2-CH2-NH2.  The meta dithiophosphates may have the formula <FORM:1053469/C3/3> where n is the valence of M, R and R1 contain 1 to 30 carbon atoms and M is a metal from Group IIA to VA, IB to VIIB or VIII (Handbook of Chemistry and Physics Table).  In the example tetraethylene pentamine is reacted with zinc dialkyl(amyl/isobutyl)dithiophosphate and the adduct reacted with a polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride prepared by treating polyisobutylene with maleic anhydride.