Patent GB-402329-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to locks
IPC: E05B37/00
Filed: 1933-04-28
Abstract: 402,329. Permutation locks. SJOLANDER, C. G. L., Dalsborg, Gothenburg, Sweden April 28, 1933, No. 12437. [Class 44.] In a permutation lock in which locking elements are set, and the combination changed to suit new keys, by the to and fro rotation or in and out sliding movement of a knob, the usual setting dial is dispensed with and two keys having stops which co-operate with a member moved axially and rotatably by the knob are used to determine the necessary movement of the knob in either direction to set each element. Figs. 1, 5, 6 and 9 show one form of the device. The knob carried by a spindle 4 extending through the door carries a toothed sector 5 on the outer side of the door which engages circular teeth 3 on a cylinder 2 which can turn and slide in the kev receiver 1 and an identical toothed sector 36 on the inside of the door engages an identical toothed cylinder 34. The bolt 45 is operated by a follower 49 which has a cam groove 50 into which engages a pin 32 freely coupling the ends of two arms 31a, 31b pivoted in a frame 26, 27. When the permutation discs 22a, 22b are set by racks 29a, 29b to align their notches 24 under projections 33a, 33b on the arms 31a, 31b, the arms can drop, freeing the follower to operate the bolt. The follower is operated by its arm 51 engaging in a notch 52 in a toothed wheel 47a, which is turned by a toothed wheel 46 rigid on the spindle 4 when the discs 22a, 22b are set. To operate the lock the spindle is first turned to the right, Fig. 9, before the keys are introduced, whereby one of the discs 22a is turned so as to block the arm 31a and a slide 53a mounted on the wheel 47a is projected by engagement of its inclined end 56a with the arm 51 so that when the spindle is turned back the nose 58a of the slide rocks a lever 54a to push all the racks 29a to their extreme, or zero, position ; on continued turning, a lug 59a on the lever 54a trips past the slide and the latter is then again projected by engagement of its end 56a with a pin 57a so that on again turning the spindle to the right, the nose 58a rocks the lever 54a back to the position shown in Fig. 9. At the same time, the racks 29b are similarly set to their zero position. With the lock thus set and the cylinder 2 in its extreme left hand position, the right key 16 is inserted, then the cylinder 2 is moved to the right, and the left key 16 inserted and finally, the spindle 4 is rotated to and fro. At each rotation, the sector 5 slides the cylinder 2 and as this moves to the left, Fig. 1, one of the teeth 7 is engaged by a fixed bevelled tooth 8, rotating the cylinder half a step and bringing a wing 12 into line with one of the stops 19 of the left key, and as it moves to the right a fixed tooth 9 engages the same tooth 7 to rotate the cylinder another half step and bring another wing 12 into line with a stop 19 on the right key. The cylinder is limited in sliding motion by the various positions of the key-stops 19. Each stroke of the cylinder 2 as the spindle 4 is rotated to and fro is exactly repeated by the cylinder 34, teeth 43a, 43b on which coact with fixed bevelled teeth 44a, 44b to repeat the turning by half-steps to bring wings 41a, 41b successively into engagement with projections 42a, 42b on the racks 29a, 29b. The various positions of the stops 19 on the keys determine the length of the strokes of the cylinder 2 which in turn determine the strokes of the cylinder 34 and the amount of sliding motion imparted to each rack, this being the amount necessary to set the notches 24 in the discs 22a, 22b directly under the projections 33a, 33b on the arms 31a, 31b. When all the discs are so set, the wings 12 are clear of the key-stops and the spindle 4 can then be rotated far enough to cause the pinion 46 to turn the notched wheel 47a to operate the follower, the notches 24 being aligned with the projections 33a, 33b to free it. Normally the arm 51 of the follower, which is mounted frictionally on the arbour 49a of the wheel 48, is just clear of the wheel 47a, allowing the wheels 46, 47a, 48 to rotate idly during setting. When the discs are set and the arms 31a, 31b drop, the cam groove 50 causes the pin 32 to move the follower sufficiently to engage the notch 52 in the wheel 47a for operation. Each key-stop 19 comprises a lug projecting into a circular aperture in a strip 15, so that these strips can be rearranged in the holder 16 to change the combination. The corresponding change in the relative positions of the racks 29a, 29b with regard to the notches 24 in the permutation discs is effected by disengaging the racks and discs when correctly set, by turning, by means of a square key, the disc spindles 28 which have eccentric ends bearing in the frame 26, 27. To and fro rotation of the spindle with the new keys in place resets the racks, after which the discs are re-engaged. To prevent the combination from being changed while the bolt is withdrawn, the latter carries a plate 70 which covers the holes for the square key. A simpler form of the device is shown in Figs. 10, 13, 14 and 16. An operating handle 122 having an arm 126 engaging with an annular recess 127 in the cylinder 72 is moved inwards against a spring 73 to slide the cylinder. Fins 74 and 75 on the cylinder engage with stops on the keys 76 and 77 respectively to determine the length of its stroke and the cylinder is rotated in half steps by pointed pins 84, 85 engaging with holes 83 in a disc 82 on the end of the cylinder. At successive strokes, wings 92 on the disc 82 engage with projections 93, 94 on racks 88, 89 to align the notches 120, 121 of the permutation discs 86, 87 with projections 118, 119 on the pivoted arms 105, 106 which are coupled together by links 115, 116, 117. When the notches are aligned with the projections, the follower 101 is freed and the bolt 102 is withdrawn by pushing in the handle 122 to its fullest extent so as to rotate a toothed sector 96 by means of a slotted bolt 107 thereon embracing the disc 82 and thus to rotate the follower which is frictionally mounted on the arbour of a pinion 98. The discs are set to their zero position by a slide 112 co-operating with a lever 108 which shifts the racks 88 directly and the racks 89 through a link 113 and a lever 114. The key 76 is identical with the key 16 of the other form of device, but the key 77 is formed of strips 79 as shown in Fig. 16. The strips of both keys may each be formed with more than one stop. Gapped rings 123, 124 are provided to close the keyholes and a pin 129 co-operating with a cam groove in the ring 123 engages with a notch 131 to hold the handle 122 pressed in.