Patent GB-818727-A (GB)
Title: Liquid fuel for internal combustion engines
IPC: C10L1/30
Filed: 1956-11-12
Abstract: A liquid fuel, suitable for use in spark ignition internal-combustion engines, contains as an additive a minor proportion of a borazole of the formula <FORM:0818727/III/1> wherein X is a hydrogen atom or a group attached to the boron atom directly through a carbon or nitrogen atom and Y is a group attached to the nitrogen atom directly through a carbon atom.  The liquid fuel may be a gasoline or it may consist of or contain benzene, toluene, alcohols or ethers.  X in the above formula may be alkyl, amino, mono- or dialkylamino, phenyl, tolyl, beta-amino-ethyl, anilino or pyrryl, while Y may be alkyl, phenyl, cyclohexyl, methyl phenyl or benzyl, examples of suitable borazoles being given.  The liquid fuel may also contain anti-detonants (e.g. tetra-alkyl lead, iron carbonyl, dicyclopentadienyl iron, xylidine and N-methyl aniline), lead scavengers (e.g. ethylene dibromide or dichloride), dyes, spark plug anti-foulants (e.g. tricresyl phosphate, dimethyl xylyl phosphate or diphenyl cresyl phosphate), other boron compounds, alkyl phosphates and phosphites, oxidation inhibitors (e.g. N,N1-disec.-butyl-p-phenylene diamine, N-n-butyl-p-amino phenol and 2,6-ditert. butyl-4-methyl phenol), metal deactivators (e.g. N,N1-disalicylal-1,2-propane-diamine) and rust inhibitors (e.g. polymerized linoleic acid and N,C-disubstituted imidazolines such as 1-(beta-hydroxyethyl) - 2 - (n - heptadecyl) - 2 - imidazoline).  In the examples: (a) N-trimethyl-b -triethyl - borazole, N - triisopropyl - b  - trimethyl - borazole, N - triphenyl - b  - trimethyl-borazole, N - triphenyl - b  - triethyl - borazole, N - tris - (2 - propyl) - b  - trimethyl borazole (with or without tetraethyl lead), N-tris (2-propyl)-borazole or N-trimethyl-b -trimethyl-borazole is added to gasoline; (b) N-tris (2-propyl)-b -trimethyl borazole or N-tris (2-propyl)-b -tris (dimethylamino) borazole is added to a gasoline containing tetraethyl lead, N,N1-di (sec. butyl)-p-phenylene diamine and N,N1-disalicylal - 1,2 - propanediamine; (c) N - tris (2-propyl) - b  - trimethyl - borazole, N - tris (2-propyl) - borazole, N - triphenyl - b  - triethyl-borazole, N - triphenyl - b  - trimethyl - borazole, N - triethyl - b  - trimethyl - borazole or N - tris (2 - propyl) - b  - tris (dimethylamino) - borazole is added to iso-octane; and (d) N-tris (2-propyl)-b -trimethyl-borazole is added to a blend of toluene, iso-octane, n-heptane and tetraethyl lead.  For comparison purposes, the effect of adding n-butyl boronicanhydride or tris (dimethylamino) borine to gasoline, and of adding tricresyl borate, triethyl borate or N-tris (2-propyl)-b -trichloroborazole to iso-octane is described.ALSO:Borazoles of formula <FORM:0818727/IV (b)/1> wherein X is a hydrogen atom or a group attached to the boron atom directly through a carbon or nitrogen atom, and Y is a group attached to the nitrogen atom directly through a carbon atom, are added to liquid fuels (see Group III).  A list of suitable borazoles is given.  In the examples: (1) isopropylamine is first reacted with boron trichloride in the presence of triethylamine to give N-tris (2-propyl)-B-trichloro-borazole, and this is then reacted with methyl magnesium chloride to give N-tris (2-propyl) - B - trimethyl - borazole, (2) the N-tris (2 - propyl) - B - trichloroborazole of (1) is reacted with dimethylamine, in presence of benzene and triethylamine, to give N-tris (2-propyl) - B - tris (dimethylamino) - borazole and (3) sodium borohydride, isopropylamine and a boron trifluoride/diethyl ether complex are reacted together to give N-tris (2-propyl)-borazole.