Patent GB-394657-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in dispersing and emulsifying processes
Filed: 1931-09-18
Abstract: Water-insoluble compounds are emulsified or dispersed in water by means of the esters, amides or ester-amides obtainable by condensing amino-alcohols with naphthenic or resin acids. Amino-alcohols mentioned are mono-, di- and tri - ethanolamine, propanolamine, diaminopropanol, dioxypropanolamine, butanolamine, pentanolamine and such compounds as can be made by the action of ethylene oxide on ethylenediamine.  The resin acids of colophony and various copals are specified, together with the synthetic resin acids prepared by condensation of natural resins with phenol-aldehyde and urea-aldehyde condensation products, with the resins known under the registered Trade Mark Glyptal, and with the products obtained by condensation of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, e.g. sebacic acid, with alcohols; other synthetic resin acids mentioned are those prepared by condensing phenol-carboxylic acids with aldehydes.  The esters or amides may contain sulphonic acid groups, and when a free carboxylic acid group is present, it may be converted into its sodium, potassium or ammonium salt, or esterified with other alcohols.  The esters or amides are particularly useful for making aqueous dispersions of dyestuffs for the dyeing or printing of textile fibres, especially cellulose derivatives, and for dispersing lakes and pigments for use as aqueous paints.  An example is given of the dyeing of cellulose acetate fabric with a dispersion of 1 - amino - 4 - methylaminoanthraquinone prepared by grinding the dyestuff with the condensation product of naphthenic acid with ethanolamine in the presence of sulphuric acid and stirring the mixture into water.  The Provisional Specification refers also to the use of the addition products of the resin or naphthenic acids with the amino-alcohols.ALSO:Water-insoluble compounds are emulsified or dispersed in water by means of the esters, amides or ester-amides obtainable by condensing amino-alcohols with naphthenic or resin acids. Amino-alcohols mentioned are mono-, di- and tri-ethanolamine, propanolamine, diaminopropanol, dioxypropanolamine, butanolamine, pentanolamine and such compounds as can be made by the action of ethylene oxide on ethylene diamine.  The resin acids of colophony and various copals are specified, together with the synthetic resin acids prepared by condensation of natural resins with phenolaldehyde and urea - aldehyde condensation products, with the resins known under the Registered Trade Mark "Glyptal," and with the products obtained by condensation of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, e.g. sebacic acid, with alcohols; other synthetic resin acids mentioned are those prepared by condensing phenolcarboxylic acids with aldehydes.  The esters or amides may contain sulphonic acid groups, and when a free carboxylic acid group is present, it may be converted into its sodium, potassium or ammonium salt, or esterified with other alcohols.  The esters or amides are particularly useful for making aqueous dispersions of dyestuffs and an example is given according to which 1 - amino - 4 - methylanthraquinone is ground with the condensation product of naphthenic acid with ethanolamine in the presence of sulphuric acid and the mixture stirred into water.  The Provisional Specification refers also to the use of the addition products of the resin or naphthenic acids with the aminoalcohols.