baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-355098-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing ammonium sulphate
IPC: C01C1/244
Filed: 1930-10-17
Abstract: In the production of ammonium sulphate from calcium sulphate and ammonium carbonate, calcium sulphate suspended in a circulating ammonium sulphate solution and a solution of ammonium carbonate are continuously supplied to a reaction vessel containing a large bulk of finished reaction products while finished reaction products corresponding to the supply of reaction materials are continuously removed, the reaction thus being performed in the presence of a substantially constant high percentage of precipitated calcium carbonate.  In this way the calcium carbonate formed is caused to deposit on the calcium carbonate crystals present in the solution and is obtained in a coarse, easily filterable form.  Preferably the process is performed in a series of vessels with stirrers, in the first of which calcium sulphate is suspended in an ammonium sulphate solution, preferably one containing suspended calcium carbonate as obtained in the process.  The sludge produced flows into the second vessel, to which is added a slight excess of ammonium carbonate solution (which may be obtained by passing ammonia and carbon dioxide into the solution resulting from the washing of the calcium carbonate in the filter plant) together with sufficient water to keep the concentration of the ammonium sulphate solution substantially constant.  The reaction products flow to the succeeding vessels where the reaction is completed.  From the last vessel a portion of the products is returned to the first vessel and the remainder passes to a filter plant.
Patent GB-360165-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for producing ammonium sulphate nitrate
IPC: C05C13/00
Filed: 1930-10-17
Abstract: <PICT:0360165/III/1> In a process for producing ammonium sulphate nitrate by introducing sulphuric acid, nitric acid and ammonia into a solution of ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate, operations are carried out under strongly alkaline conditions to avoid nitrogen losses, the hot vapours arising being led directly to a rectifying column which produces concentrated ammoniacal liquor in the known manner, without supplying heat.  The hot water vapours containing ammonia from the saturator a ascend a rectifying column c, being enriched in ammonia, and pass to a reflux condenser e which returns part of the deposited vapours through a pipe f, the remainder passing to a condenser h producing concentrated ammoniacal liquor. Practically ammonia-free liquid leaves by the pipe k.  A small quantity of steam may be introduced at l.  Specification 357,396 is referred to.
Patent GB-802526-A (GB)
Title: Colloidally soluble polysaccharides
IPC: C12P19/04
Filed: 1955-11-01
Abstract: Polysaccharides which form in water or iso tonic saline solutions stable colloidal dispersions-useful as blood plasma substitutes are produced by the growth of Dematium pullulans in nutrient media containing mono-, di-, or tri-saccharides, e.g. glucose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose.  The medium is exemplified by an aqueous preparation of sucrose, corn steep liquor, or the liquid obtained by boiling yeast with water and filtering, and the salts potassium phosphate, magnesium sulphate, potassium chloride, sodium nitrate, and ferric chloride.  Proliferation of the D. pullulans is for 2-5 days at 20-34 DEG  C. with aeration and stirring; after the culture liquid has been centrifuged to remove cells, the polysaccharide may be precipitated by adding methanol or adsorbed on a precipitate of calcium hydroxide, and may be purified by dispersing the precipitate in water or hydrochloric acid and reprecipitating by adding methanol. The cultural and morphological characteristics of Dematium pullulans are described, and reference is made to publications concerned with Dematium pullulans.ALSO:A blood plasma substitute comprises a colloidal dispersion in water or isotonic saline of polysaccharides produced by growing Dematium pullulans in nutrient media containing mono-, di- or tri-saccharides (see Group IV (a)).
Patent GB-982475-A (GB)
Title: Cardioactive cardenolide monoglycosides and a process for the manufacture thereof
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1963-08-08
Abstract: The invention comprises canarigenin 3-monoglycosides having a 2-desoxy-sugar as the sugar component, and a process for preparing cardioactive cordenolide 3-monoglycosides having a 2-desoxy-sugar as the sugar component by enzymatic degradation of the diglycosides extracted from Digitalis canariensis L. to a mixture of the corresponding 3-monoglycosides and, if desired, separating the monoglycoside mixture into its components.  Enzymes specified are strophanthobiase, digilanidase, digipurpidase, scillarenase, takadiastase and glucosidases. By chromatographic separation of the monoside mixture there are obtained canarigenin - 3 - digitoxoside, canarigenin - 3 - canaroside, and xysmalogen-3-canaroside. Canarigenin, canarigenin-3-methyl ether and 3-epicanarigenin are obtained as by-products from the above chromatographic separation. Canarigenin, 3-epicanarigenin and 3,5-dianhydroperiplogenin are obtained by treating canarigenin-3-digitoxoside with acetone-water and glacial acetic acid.  Canarigenin-3-methyl ether is obtained by treating canarigenin-3-digitoxoside with methanol-water and glacial acetic acid.  3,5-Dianhydroperiplogenin is obtained by treating canarigenin-3-digitoxoside with methanol and dilute sulphuric acid on a steam bath.  31,41 - Di - (O - acetyl - ) - canarigenin - 3 - digitoxoside is obtained by acetylating canarigenin-3-digitoxoside by acetic anhydride in pyridine.  Anhydroperiplogenone is prepared by cantions dehydrogenation of canarigenin.  3-Acetyl canarigenin is also prepared.  Diglycoside starting material extraction from Digitalis canariensis L. is described.  Canargenin-3-digitoxoside has cardioactive activity and may be used in combination with a pharmaceutical carrier in forms suitable for oral, parenteral or rectal administration, e.g. as tablets, capsules, dragees, ampoules, solutions, suspensions, emulsions or suppositories.
Patent GB-679380-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in partitions
IPC: E04B2/78
Filed: 1949-12-07
Abstract: 679,380. Partitions. ROWE BROS. & CO., Ltd., and WALMSLEY, A. Dec. 5, 1950 [Dec. 7, 1949], No. 31358/49. Class 20(iv) A partition comprises rectangular panels a supported at each end by vertical channel section uprights B secured to the ceiling and floor, each upright being constructed from sheet metal bent into substantially double channel formation, the outer side of each channel terminating in a portion b 2  bent inwards at approximately 45 degrees and the inner sides b 3  being joined at their ends by a part at right angles thereto which forms the base b 4  of a reverse channel forming a central rib between the two channels, the reverse channel being formed with a plurality of spaced recesses or slots b 5  to receive a member C which locates the uprights, and the space between the uprights being closed by pilasters D which clip on to the inclined sides and lie flush with the outer sides of the uprights. The joining g member C may be curved in its central portion to accommodate piping &c. The uprights a r e spaced by members Cl, each with four legs c to engage the bases b, of the channels of the uprights and a curved central portion for the passages of pipes &c. which rest on and may be bolted to the member C. When partitions are joined in the form of a T, as in Fig. 2, a member C1 having two legs c and a downwardly directed central leg to engage a slot b 5 , is bolted to members C and C1. When partitions are joined at right angles two members C2 are used in place of members C, and C1, see upper part of Fig. 2. The pilasters are snapped into position by means of the shaped portions d 1 , and for use at corners are of V-shape. The panels a may be secured by screws &c. to the outer sides of the uprights and the interior filled with soundproof or heat-insulating material. Alternatively the panels may be bent at their ends to enter the channels b 4  and be attached by bolts a, passing through the base of the channel b, and through U-section stiffeners a 2 . The lower ends of the uprights B rest on horizontal channel sections E having an apertured base with a nut e welded to its lower side, through which passes a height adjusting bolt e 1  locked by nut e 2 . The lower end of bolt e 1  rests on a shoe E1 which is formed in two parts joined by bolts e 3  and encloses the lower end of the upright B. A skirting E2 is clipped on to the shoe E1.
Patent GB-1064169-A (GB)
Title: Surface active sulpho compounds
IPC: C07C303/06
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: Mixtures of surface active sulpho compounds are obtained by sulphonation of olefines containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms and having the formula R1-CH=CH-R2 wherein R1 represents a straight or branched chain alkyl or cycloalkyl residue and R2 represents R1 or H, with a mixture of SO3 and inert gases, 1 to 1.7 mols of SO3 being used per mol of olefine, the sulphonation mixture containing unsaturated sulphonic acids, sultones and other sulphonic acid esters being neutralized with bases and reacting with substances having active hydrogen atoms, other than water, or with tertiary bases, which are able to react with sultones.  The products are believed to have one of the formulae <FORM:1064169/C2/1> wherein R11 represents a straight or branched chain aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical, R12 represents H or R11, R3 represents H or a straight or branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, n is 0 to 3, Me is Na, K, ammonium, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, or aryl-ammonium, dialkyl-, dicycloalkyl-, diaryl-ammonium, X is a halogen, -CNS, -SH, NaS2O3-, alcoholate, carboxylic acid, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, or aryl-amine, dialkyl-, dicycloalkyl-, diaryl-amine, or thioether group, Y is a tertiary-alkylamine, -cycloalkylamine or -N- arylamine and wherein R11 + R12 + R3 + (CH2)n contain together 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Specified substances having active hydrogen atoms are alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, primary or secondary amines, tertiary bases and compounds containing SH groups, also, salts of simple inorganic acids. Compounds such as thiourea and its N-substituted derivatives and sulphonamides may be reacted with sultones without the simultaneous presence of acidbinding agents being necessary or without the substances concerned being present in the form of salts. The sultones are preferably reacted with compounds which are able to react quickly therewith, such as amines, especially tertiary amines including heterocyclic bases, alcoholates, phenolates and compounds containing -SH groups.  The crude sulphonation product may be reacted directly with sultone reagents but the sulphonation product may be neutralized prior to or simultaneously with the treatment with sultone reagents.  Suitable bases are alkali metal hydroxides or carbonates, ammonia and amines in the form of aqueous solutions or in organic solvents. Organic solvents such as aliphatic alcohols or ketones may be present.  After the reaction with the sultone reagent the mixture may be bleached. The bleaching is advantageously carried out in a neutral to weakly alkaline medium or in a two-stage process. The products may have foam-stabilizing action, corrosion-preventing action, disinfectant or bacteriostatic activity. The products of some of the examples contain sulphobetaines, alkene sulphonates, hydroxyalkane - sulphonates and ethoxyalkanesulphonates.
Patent GB-261929-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to signalling devices for motor cars and like road vehicles
IPC: B60Q1/34
Filed: 1926-08-12
Abstract: 261,929. Bennett, B. G. Aug. 12, 1926. Look-out reflectors. - A look-out reflector 5 is carried by a ball-joint 5<a> from a signal casing 1 secured to the windscreen.
Patent GB-828278-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to edging strips for window panels
IPC: E06B3/62
Filed: 1957-10-10
Abstract: 828,278. Frames for windows. UNITEDCARR FASTENER CORPORATION. Oct. 10, 1957 [Oct. 10, 1956], No. 31754/57. Class 20(3) An edging strip 16 for a fixed or sliding window pane 18 comprises an elongated strip which is moulded e.g. from polyethylene and has a pane-receiving channel the side walls 22 of which carry, above reduced neck portions 26, angular opposed arms 30 which are angularly connected to inwardly extending projections 28. The arms 28 hinge downwardly about the neck portions 26 when a pane is introduced into the receiving channel and the upper ends 32 of the arms 30 are moved toward each other to make resilient sealing engagement with the pane. Shoulders 24 on the outer faces of the strip walls 22 engage beneath inturned upper edges 14 of the side walls 12 of a window frame 10.
Patent GB-618154-A (GB)
Title: An improved method and apparatus for producing cutlery
IPC: B21H7/10
Filed: 1946-10-28
Abstract: 618,154. Making cutlery. SPRAGUE, T. W. Oct. 28, 1946, No. 31902. [Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv)] Tapering by rolling.- Cutlery is produced by cutting a parallel strip to produce an untapered blade blank, cold rolling diagonally to form a blade tapered in two directions and then welding a bolster and a tang to the blade. The bolster may be formed by drop stamping and the tang may be formed of mild steel. The diagonal rolling is effected by rolls 2 with eccentric peripheral recesses. A picker 10 actuated by an adjustable cam 5 and an adjustable lever 7 may effect the blank feed.
Patent GB-1205743-A (GB)
Title: Surgical dilator
Inventor: DIDCOTT COLIN CHARLES
IPC: A61F2/95
Filed: 1966-07-15
Abstract: 1,205,743. Surgical dilators. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP. 11 Oct., 1967 [15 July, 1966], No. 32023/66. Heading A5R. A surgical dilator 1 comprises a hollow tubular member whose wall comprises or includes a tube of lattice form, the elements making up the lattice defining diamond shapes (an included acute angle of 45‹-60‹) in the unstressed condition, the dilator being such that when subjected to an axial tensile force, the wall will contract diametrically and extend axially and will return sustantially to its normal shape when the force is removed. As shown, the dilator A, of tubular form and widening toward each end 1a, is provided with two loops 4 whereby it may be fitted to forceps 5 having axially separable hook parts 6, stretched longitudinally using the forceps, entered into the body (e.g. the oesophagus), and released from the forceps so that it expands diametrically in the body to provide dilation. The dilator comprises a tubular core embedded in a continuous resilient rubber material, the core comprising (Figure 1, not shown) filaments of stainless steel wire, plastics, or glass fibre material woven or plaited together, or (Figure 2, not shown) wires crimped together. The core may also comprise (Figure 3, not shown) slat members hinged together and tensioned by springs. The surgical dilator may also be inserted into the body while enclosed in a constricting cylinder which is then withdrawn or, alternatively, it may be inserted using an oesophagoscope (Figure 6, not shown) having a removable obturator (13) and an extendable portion (15) operated by a control (11). The dilator may be provided with spikes (16, Figure 4, not shown) such that it is suitable for use in suturing hollow organs or blood vessels.
Patent GB-444213-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to embossing or stamping machines for marking leather and like material
IPC: A43D95/14
Filed: 1934-11-07
Abstract: 444,213. Embossing-machines. MILLMAN, C. H., and DOVE, G. H., Standard Works, Evington Valley Road, Leicester. Nov. 7, 1934, No. 32039. [Classes 100 (ii) and 100 (iv)] Machines with types strung on rods ; holders for loose types.-In a die for an embossing or stamping machine particularly for marking the lining or other part of a shoe, of the kind in which the die comprises removable types and other types not normally removable but which may be brought into printing position at will, the latter are pivotally carried on a spindle or like member on which they are also slidable. A block a, Fig. 1, is secured to a plunger b and carries a block d, Fig. 5. Hinged to the block d is the type box h which can be secured in effective position by sliding on its hinge pin so that projections i engage interrupted guides on the base of the block d, or can be swung to the inverted position shown in plan in Fig. 5, and retained by sliding on the hinge-pin, so that pins f <2>, g<2> engage the hinge lugs f<1>, g<1>. The box is formed with three type-holding slots and with spindles i<2>, i<3> carried by lugs h<1>. Types k are freely and slidably mounted on the spindle i<2>, except at the point opposite the type slots where a feather i<33>, Fig. 8, is provided to engage the type. The spindle i<2> is rotatable by means of a handle i<4> and is held with the type l in active or inactive position by a nipple n pressed by a spring m and engaging one of two depressions in the spindle. The stamps l are D-shaped, so that when a type k has been slid and swung into the type slot, one of the types l can be rotated by the handle i<4>, to engage and clamp the typ'e k in position. Both the spindles i<2>, i<3> can be slid lengthwise to remove and exchange the types, being normally restrained by the spring-pressed nipples n, n<3>. The types k, l may carry size and half-size or other indicia respectively, and the word " size " may be carried by a block o. The loose typeblocks are clamped in position by spring-pressed blocks p, provided with arms p<1>, p<2> embracing the ends h2 of the type-slots, and with camblocks q, which are all acted upon by a rotatable cam t, so that the blocks in all the type-slots may be released or clamped simultaneously. The number of lines of type and of the spindles i<2>, i<3> may be varied. Heating arrangements for types.-The block d is provided with an electric or other heating unit and with terminals e.
Patent GB-1362025-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for separating technetium from a mixture of molybdenum and technetium salts
IPC: C22B61/00
Filed: 1971-07-08
Abstract: 1362025 Separation of radioisotopes CALIFORNIA RADIOCHEMICALS Inc 8 July 1971 [10 July 1970] 32128/71 Heading G6R In the separation of technetium Tc99m from a strongly alkaline aqueous solution containing Tc99m and molybdenum Mo99 by extraction with an organic solvent, the organic solvent contains sufficient water to maintain the level of the aqueous solution substantially constant. A measured quantity of the alkaline solution containing salts of Mo99 and Tc99m is mixed with methyl ethyl ketone by bubbling compressed air into the mixer. The mixing vessel has a pipe so arranged that it may be used for the separate withdrawal of the organic phase by an automatic process. After removal of the organic phase, the aqueous phase may be extracted again with a further quantity of ketone. In order that the Tc99m extracted may be in the form of a pertechnetate salt, an oxidizing agent consisting of H 2 O 2  and H 2 SO 4  may be added to the organic solvent. The separated organic phase is dried by passing through alumina, sterilized using a microporous filter, evaporated, and the residue dissolved in aqueous saline to provide a sterile solution containing Tc99m for use in medical research and diagnosis. Other suitable organic solvents referred to are methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl n-propyl ketone, piperidine, and pyridine. The process is carried out automatically by means of compressed air at different pressures which is used to move the liquids through the pipe system and two- and three-way solenoid valves which are operated by a controller comprising a programmed sequence timer.
Patent GB-384771-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for duplicating writings, drawings or the like
IPC: B41L7/08
Filed: 1931-11-19
Abstract: <PICT:0384771/III/1> In apparatus for copying documents &c., wherein copy sheets supported on a feed-table 27 are fed between printing and impression rollers 2, 8, each sheet passes over a moistening-member comprising an absorbent layer 19 overlying a wick 16 dipping in alcohol &c. in a tank 18, and is pressed against a strip of the layer 19 exposed by a cover-plate 20, by means of a bar 21.  Pressure is applied to the bar 21 by weighted arms 29 carrying a felt-covered roller or bar 26 resting on and smoothing out the copy sheet.  At each revolution of the roller 2, cams 25 thereon engage pivoted arms 22 integral with the bar 21 whereby both bars 21, 26 are raised to allow the copy sheet to be pushed forward.
Patent GB-195688-A (GB)
Title: Improved process of reducing vanadium-containing materials
IPC: C22B4/00
Filed: 1921-11-30
Abstract: 195,688. Wade, H., (Vanadium Corporation of America). Nov. 30, 1921. Dry processes of extracting vanadium; alloys. - Vanadium-containing materials are reduced by smelting with a carbonaceous reducing-agent. Ferro-vanadium may be formed from a charge of vanadium ore or other vanadium-bearing material, iron, preferably in the form of iron scale or ore, fluxes such as glass cullet, lime and fluorspar, and coke; or, when the charge contains no iron, vanadium may be obtained. The process may be carried out in an electric furnace comprising a casing 2 having a carbon lining 3, refractory cover 4, and three water-cooled electrodes 6 for use with three-phase current, the voltage being not less than 150 and the current density being not less than 35 amperes per square inch of electrode cross-section. The charge is fed through shoots 8 into the high-temperature zone between the electrodes, and the product is tapped from time to time through an outlet 9. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 3073/95, 784/03, 22422/04, and 104,064.
Patent GB-1157460-A (GB)
Title: Glass Composition
IPC: C03C10/00
Filed: 1967-07-13
Abstract: 1,157,460. Glass compositions. OWENSILLINOIS, Inc. 13 July, 1967 [13 July, 1966], No. 32183/67. Heading C1M. Partially crystalline ceramic glass articles are produced by making a thermally crystallizable glass melt containing the components in percentage by weight:-SiO 2  60-66, Al 2 O 3  12-18, CaO 4-7, MgO 4-7, Li 2 O 1À5-4, TiO 2  1À5-6, ZrO 2  0À5-3, ZnO 2-5, (MgO + CaO) 8-13, at least 90% by weight of the glass consisting of SiO 2  + Al 2 0 3  + Li 2 O + Mg O  + CaO + TiO 2  + ZrO 2  + ZnO, forming a glass article of predetermined size and shape from the glass melt, and treating the article in an initial low temperature heat treatment to form many nuclei or crystallites, and thereafter heating at a higher temperature to complete crystallization to the desired degree. Generally the lower treatment temperature ranges from 30‹ F. below to 300‹ F. above the annealing point of the particular glass used, and the upper treatment temperature ranges from 1500‹ to 2000‹ F., the article generally being kept at the lower temperature for a time ranging from ¢ to 6 hours, and at the higher temperature for a time ranging from to 6 hours, In addition to the above essential ingredients the crystallizable glass composition may also contain other compatible glass forming components, for example up to 3% BaO or SrO, up to 4% B 2 0 3  or P 2 0 5  or F, and small amounts of colorants such as NiO or CoO.
Patent GB-1153945-A (GB)
Title: Outer Skin For Frontal Surfaces Of Satellites
Inventor: HOFF GUNTER
IPC: B64G1/54
Filed: 1967-07-13
Abstract: 1,153,945. Satellites. DORNIER SYSTEM G.m.b.H. 13 July, 1967 [24 Nov., 1966], No. 32216/67. Heading B7W. An artificial satellite has an exterior surface formed of a material having the following properties (i) Low resistance to sound waves; (ii) High absorption capacity; and (iii) High absorption of energy from high velocity impact by gas molecules. Suitable materials are foamed polyurethane and foamed polystyrene.
Patent GB-410418-A (GB)
Title: A remedy for curing and preventing coccidiosis in poultry and game
IPC: A23K1/18
Filed: 1933-11-20
Abstract: An internal remedy for the treatment of Coccidiosis in poultry and game consists of a mixture of powdered charcoal, dried milk powder, limestone grit, and ground aniseed.