Patent GB-592858-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the art of dyeing or printing textile yarns and fabrics
IPC: D06P1/673
Filed: 1945-01-17
Abstract: Yarns and fabrics containing secondary or acetone soluble cellulose acetate are coloured by treatment (which term is defined as excluding printing) with a liquid composition containing a dyestuff, a thiocyanate and a liquid organic swelling agent for secondary cellulose acetate.  The process is carried out either by immersion or by padding, the latter is preferred.  If desired, the product may be dried and steamed after dyeing.  Deeper shades are obtained if the dye liquor contains a thickener such as British Gum.  Thiocyanates mentioned include ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium or barium. Liquid organic swelling agents mentioned include alcohols with the exclusion of monohydric aliphatic alcohols containing less than six carbon atoms, ketones and esters.  Particular compounds mentioned include acetic, formic and lactic acids, aniline perchlor-ethylene, trichlor-ethylene, ethyl lactate diacetone alcohol, methyl cyclohexanone, methyl acetate and dimethyl phthalate.  Dyestuffs used belong to all the well-known classes and suitable dyestuffs are those listed below together with any dyestuff which when submitted to the following preliminary test will give a high colouration.  The yarn is immersed in a solution of the dye to be tested containing 10 per cent ammonium thiocyanate with 25 per cent ethyl alcohol or 16 per cent ethyl lactate for 10 minutes, then washing, soaping, rewashing and drying.  If the dye is a rapidogen, indigosol, or azoic dyestuff, the appropriate after-treatment must be applied. Dyes mentioned as suitable include Chrysophenine G. 20 per cent, Chlorazol fast Yellow 5 G.K. 200 per cent, Chlorazol Orange R.N. 125 per cent, Chlorazol Orange P.O. 150 per cent, Durazol fast Orange 2 G.S., Durazol fast Brown B.R. 150 per cent, Chlorazol Brown 2 G. 200 per cent, Chlorazol Drab R.H. 125 per cent, Chlorazol fast Red 10 B.S., Durazol Red 2 B. 150 per cent, Chlorazol Scarlet 4 B. 150 per cent, Chlorazol fast Helio B.K. 200 per cent, Chlorazol fast Helio 2 R.K.S., Chlorazol Sky Blue F.F. 200 per cent, Durazol fast Blue 8 G.S., Solar Flavine 2 G., Diazamine Bordeaux 2 B.L., Trisulphon Brown B., Diazamine Orange R., Direct Green B., Chlorantine fast Yellow 5 G.L.L. 150 per cent, Chlorantine fast Yellow E.5 G.K. 200 per cent, Diazo fast Yellow 3 G.L.L., Chlorantine fast Orange 2 G.L., Rosanthrene R. 375 per cent, Direct Pink 3 B.N. 200 per cent, Direct brilliant Pink 3 B.C. 250 per cent, Chlorantine fast Blue H.G.L.L. 250 per cent, Chlorantine fast Blue R.L., Chlorantine fast Brown B.R.L.L. 200 per cent, Diazo Black C.R. 100 per cent, Carbide Black E.N.B., Diazo phenyl Orange R., Coomassie Red P.G.P., Coomassie Red R. 150 per cent, Naphthalene Scarlet R.S., Disulphine Blue V.S., Coomassie Milling Scarlet G., Coomassie fast Black G. 125 per cent, Solway Blue P.F.N. 125 per cent, Carbolan Yellow 3 G.S., Coomassie brilliant Blue F.F. 200 per cent, Coomassie Violet R. 150 per cent, Coomassie fast Navy 2 R.N. 140 per cent, Naphthalene Orange G.S., Ponceau 2 R.E. 175 per cent, Rocceline Conc. 120 per cent, Erio Floxine 2 G.L., Erio Floxine 6 B.L., Erio Violet B. 200 per cent, Erio Viridine B., Erio Glaucine X.S., Erio Green B. 300 per cent, Naphthol Blue Black B.C. 200 per cent, Xylene light Yellow 2 G., Xylene Cyanola F.F. 200 per cent, Xylene fast Green B., Xylene fast Blue B.L., Carmoisine Conc., Alizarine brilliant Green G. Conc., Acid Green G., Durindone Red B.S., Durindone Scarlet 2 B.S., Durindone Pink F.F.S., Caledon Red B.N.S., Caledon brilliant Blue 3 G.S., Caledon Yellow G.N. 200 per cent, Caledon Blue G.C.D.S., Caledon Brilliant Purple 4 R. 150 per cent, Caledon Brown R.S., Caledon Blue G.C.P.S., Caledon jade Green X.N. 300 per cent, Soledon Pink F.F.S., Soledon Orange R. 65 per cent, Soledon Golden Yellow P.K.S., Soledon Blue 2 R.C.S., Soledon jade Green X.S., Indigosol O.4 B., Indigosol Orange H.R., Indigosol Green A.B., Indigosol O.R., Brenthol C.T., Brenthol F.R., Brenthol B.A., Brenthol P.A., Brenthol O.T., Brenthol A.T., Brenthol A.S., Brenthol F.O., Brenthol M.N., Brenthol H.N., Solochrome Pnene A.S., Solochrome Cyanine R. 200 per cent, Chromotartrine C.R., Serisol brilliant Blue, B.G. 300 per cent, Serisol fast Yellow N. 300 per cent, Rapidogen Bordeaux R., Magenta, Malachite Green A.S., Acridine Red G., Acridine Flavine R. and Victoria Blue B. The Specification states that sulphur dyes are not satisfactory for the process of the invention and a list of unsatisfactory dyes is given.  It is stated that it is not necessary to remove the weaver's size before dyeing by the process of this invention.  In examples: (1) a fabric wholly or partly composed of cellulose acetate is padded with a dye liquor containing an aqueous solution of the dyestuff, diacetone alcohol and ammonium thiocyanate; (2) as in (1) except that the diacetone alcohol is replaced by methyl cyclohexanone and British Gum is added as a thickener.  When dyeing is effected with indigosols, rapidogens or azoic dyestuffs, a further treatment is necessary to develop the final shades and the following examples are examples of such further treatment: (3) Indigosols.-The dyed material is treated with an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and sulphuric acid.  (4) Rapdogen.-The dyed material is treated with an aqueous developing bath of acetic and formic acids and Glauber's salts.  (5) Azoic dyestuffs.-The dyed material after dyeing is coupled with a neutralized diazotized fast colour base, e.g. Brentamine fast Red B. Specification 588,106 is referred to.