baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1255334-A (GB)
Title: Integrated circuits
Inventor: PALMER GERALD GEORGE
IPC: H01L21/60
Filed: 1968-11-29
Abstract: 1,255,334. Printed circuit assemblies; semiconductor devices. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 29 Nov., 1968 [1 Dec., 1967], No. 56906/68. Headings H1K and H1R. In an integrated circuit structure semiconductor chips are bonded to a dielectric substrate carrying a conductive pattern and contact electrodes of the chips are connected coplanely with terminal members of the conductive pattern. In a first embodiment, Figs. 1A, 1B, a dielectric substrate 3 of alumina, glass or ceramic magnetic material is first provided with a thin film circuit comprising resistors 5 and conductors 4 formed by photo-etch methods or evaporating through a mask. A plurality of terminal conductors or mesas 9 are then constructed at end points on the conductor strips by evaporating a layer of copper over the whole surface and electroplating and removing unwanted copper by a photo-etch process to leave the mesas 9. Mesas 11 which are used in the final assembly to form cross-overs and registration mesas 12 are formed at the same time. Electrical insulation material 13 is then applied over the whole surface after which a semiconductor chip 2 is pressed into material 13 so that contact electrodes 10 are flush with the top surface of material 13. Finally a layer of non- oxidizing metal is evaporated over the entire surface and the conductor strips 14 formed by a photo-etch process. At the same time capacitor electrodes may be formed which co-operate with electrodes formed in the conductor layer 4 to form capacitors. Alternatively the electrodes and strips 14 may be formed by evaporating metal through a photo-resist mask. Passive components such as resistors 5, capacitors 4 and inductors 7 can be formed on the top surface of the dielectric material 13 as well as substrate 1. In the embodiment of Figs. 5A, 5B (not shown) the registration mesas are constructed to a height less than the terminal mesas. The chip may be mounted face down on substrate 21, Fig. 6B, in which case it is bonded to the surface of the substrate by means of a thin film of adhesive material 23. Conductive strips 22 on the layer 23 are coplanar with contact electrodes 25 of the chip and are connected therewith by abbreviated conductor strips 26 which overlay the ends of strips 22 and electrodes 25. Passive components may be deposited on the surface of film 23. The chip may be mounted on a pedestal formed in the surface of substrate 21, Fig. 7 (not shown). A plurality of chips may be mounted on a single substrate, Fig. 8 (not shown), connected to perform digital operations.
Patent GB-1382600-A (GB)
Title: Excavating
IPC: E21C50/00
Filed: 1972-12-11
Abstract: 1382600 Excavator R M GUNTERT 11 Dec 1972 [20 Dec 1971] 56965/72 Heading E1F An excavator, particularly for submerged material 8, comprises a support, in the embodiment a buoyant hull 11, adapted to be located above the material 8 and carrying suspension means, such as drums 21, 57, for an endless line 61 bearing buckets 64, the line having a generally horizontally extending upper portion and a depending lower portion in the form of a catenary loop, arid guide means within the loop movable to vary the shape of the catenary and hence the excavating depth. Such means includes the drum 21, which is also driven to drive the bucket line, and is mounted on a carriage 23 movable along the hull to vary the relative lengths of the horizontal and depending portions, and also a drum 55 located at the lower end of a boom 36. The boom 36 includes legs (37), (38), Figs. 2-4 (not shown) slidable in collars attached to the carriage 23 for movement therewith and its lower end is connected by a line 46 to a winch; the boom is hollow and its vertical movement is controlled by pumping water into or out of it. Thus it may be moved into a variety of positions (see e.g. chain lines in Fig. 1) while being freely vertically displaceable. The carriage 23, and structure 59 which carries idler drum 57, are mounted for limited rotation about a fore-and-aft axis of the hull on shafts (87), (89), Figs. 5, 6 (not shown). In a variant, Figs. 7-10, 13, 14 (not shown) the buckets are carried by two parallel lines (101), (102) connected by buoyant spacers (103).
Patent GB-1364896-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for the preservation of cells and tissues
IPC: C12M3/00
Filed: 1971-12-08
Abstract: 1364896 Preservation of cells and tissues OVITRON RESEARCH CORP 8 Dec 1971 [14 Dec 1970] 57048/71 Heading A2D A method of storing cell and cell-like biological substances in an isotonic, inert and compatible liquid medium comprises precompressing the biological substance and medium to a pressure above atmospheric at a rate sufficiently low to avoid damaging pressure transients and at a temperature above the freezing point thereof, the precompression pressure being dependent upon a predetermined lower temperature to be attained in the method, reducing the temperature of the biological substance and medium to said lower temperature while maintaining their volume constant, the lower temperature being above that which would permit freezing of said biological substance and medium at the generated pressure and at or below the normal freezing temperature of the medium and biological substance at atmospheric pressure, maintaining the biological substance and medium at the lower temperature for a time sufficient to permit them to achieve temperature equilibrium and decompressing the biological substance and medium at the lower temperature by an amount sufficient to permit uniform freezing of the biological substance. Following the freezing step, the biological substance and medium may be lowered to a cryogenic temperature and stored thereat. The biological substance and medium may be confined in a plastic bag, immersed in a pressure-transmitting medium. Alternatively, the biological substance may be wrapped in a gauze saturated with the medium. The precompression may range up to 12,000 p.s.i. and the lower temperature before the freezing step may be between 0C and -22C. A suitable apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention is shown in Fig. 2 and consists of a non-dilatable vessel 14 which comprises a cup-shaped member 16 co-operating with a threaded cover 18. The biological substance and medium e.g. a cornea 10 immersed in Buckley's solution 12, are added to the container and the cover 18 threaded into position, the desired precompression pressure being obtained by turning the cover through a sufficient number of turns. The precompression may take place whilst vessel 14 is in a temperature control bath (Fig. 3, not shown). The vessel may remain in this bath operating at different temperatures, or in other baths maintained at different temperatures, for the further method steps of attaining the lower temperature and attaining a cryogenic temperature.
Patent GB-575843-A (GB)
Abstract: 575,843. Ventilating. PRIDDEY, W. T. April 14, 1944, No. 6892. [Class 137] [Also in Group XI] For preventing draughts in rooms heated by fireplaces a box 1 arranged over an opening in the floor boards at one side of the fireplace contains an electric heater comprising resistance wires carried by bridge pieces 5 mounted on cross rods 3, so as to be spaced across the duct in the box, the flow of incoming air being regulated by a side 3a in the base. A hood 6 projecting forwardly of the box deflects air downwardly so that it flows to the fire. Openings in the top and sides may permit of circulation of air within the room when the slide is closed.
Patent GB-1248755-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric motors
IPC: H02P6/30
Filed: 1968-12-05
Abstract: 1,248,755. Electric motors. SIEMENS A.G. 5 Dec., 1968 [6 Dec., 1967], No. 57909/68. Heading H2A. In an electric motor operating with electronic commutation a device arranged to detect rotor position controls stator part windings to give rotor torque in one direction, reverse torque being provided by reversing the connections between the device and the part windings. In the D.C. permanent magnet rotor motor shown, comprising two field windings electrically displaced by 90 degrees, each winding comprising two portions W1, W2 and W3, W4, each portion being connected in series with the collector-emitter junction of a power transistor T1-T4 across the D.C. supply, the power transistors are sequentially controlled by pretransistors T5-T8 which are controlled by Hall generators H1, H2 which detect rotor position. The emitters of the pretransistors are supplied through a transistor T13 connected in parallel with a complementary transistor T14 across the zero branch AB of a bridge network including a Zener diode Z, resistors Rz, Rt and transistor T16. The rotor rotates in one direction, but when the voltage across AB changes polarity transistor T13 is blocked and T14 is switched on and controls further pre-transistors T9-T12 which reverse the connections between the Hall generators and power transistors, so providing a rotor braking torque or even reverse rotor movement. In speed regulation a signal proportional to speed deviation is supplied to the point C in the bridge network and when the motor is used in a follow-up control system an error signal is supplied to either of points B and C.
Patent GB-1412107-A (GB)
Title: Semi-conductor memory device arrangements
IPC: G11C16/02
Filed: 1971-12-18
Abstract: 1412107 Digita stores MARCONI CO Ltd 4 Jan 1973 [18 Dec 1971] 58943/71 Heading G4C The store comprises a plurality of semiconductor elements of the type that can be switched between amorphous and non-amorphous states. Each element has one electrode connectible to a source of potential, and another electrode connected via respective resistors to two conductors chosen one from each of two sets of conductors. The elements are formed of semi-conducting chalcogenide glass in apertures in a silicon oxide insulator on a substrate carrying row and column conductors, see Heading H1K. Each element 1, Fig. 2, is connected to row and column conductors via resistors 7, 6, and to earth. When a brief high amplitude voltage pulse 13, Fig. 3a, is applied to a row conductor, e.g. 12, by generator 8, and a long low amplitude voltage pulse is applied either wholly to a column conductor, e.g. 10, or in two parts, the first part 14, Fig. 3b, to the column conductor and the second part 16 to the row conductor, the associated element 1 is placed in its stable conductive state. If only the brief pulse 13 is applied the associated elements revert to the non-conductive states. Because the generator 8 has low impedance relative to the resistors 6, 7 sneak path effects are not significant. To read out stored data a voltage is applied to one or more column conductors 2: if an element is non-conductive a high voltage appears across it, whereas if it is conductive the voltage across it is very small.
Patent GB-1247198-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the electrolysis of saline solutions
Inventor: INOUE SEIICHI
IPC: C25B1/00
Filed: 1968-12-13
Abstract: 1,247,198. MgK Phosphate fertilizer. S. INOUE. 13 Dec., 1968, No. 59395/68. Heading C1B. [Also in Division C7] A saline solution such as sea-water, to which phosphoric acid has been added, preferably in a stoichiometric quantity based upon Ca, Mg, and K ions in the solution, is electrolysed to simultaneously produce chlorine and a phosphate precipitate. Preferably the saline solution is continuously passed as catholyte through an electrolytic cell divided into cathode, intermediate and anode compartments by an anion exchange membrane, and a porous protective membrane, the latter to protect the anion exchange membrane from evolved chlorine, as described in Specification 1,051,597. If the catholyte is maintained at pH 5À5, calcium phosphate is precipitated; at pH 10-11 almost all the Ca, Mg and K is precipitated as phosphate. The anolyte is preferably concentrated metal chloride, e.g. NaCl solution and recirculated through the anode compartment by removing therefrom, reconcentrating and returning to the intermediate compartment. A mercury cathode cell may be used to additionally obtain caustic soda. MgK phosphate precipitate obtained by the above electrolysis may be used as a citrate-soluble fertilizer.
Patent GB-1352770-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of quaternary imidazoline derivatives
IPC: C07D233/18
Filed: 1971-12-22
Abstract: 1352770 Quaternary imidazoline derivatives REWO CHEMISCHE FABRIK GmbH 22 Dec 1971 [22 Dec 1970] 59794/71 Heading C2C A process for the preparation of an amphoteric quaternary imidazoline derivative, useful as a surface-active agent, comprises reacting a substituted tertiary imidazoline of the general formula (wherein R<SP>1</SP> is a hydrocarbon, monohydroxysubstituted hydrocarbon or dihydroxy-substituted hydrocarbon radical, containing from 7 to 21 carbon atoms, and n is 2, 3, or 4) with a quarternizing agent, said quaternizing agent being a halogenated carboxylic acid, a halogenated sulphonic acid, a salt of either of these types of acid, or a sultone, said reaction being effected in aqueous solution between 1 molar proportion of said substituted imidazoline and 0À3 to 3À0 molar proportions of said quaternizing agent at a temperature of between 40‹ and 90‹ C. with the addition of from 0 to 3À5 molar proportions of an alkali, the addition of alkali from the outset being so controlled that the pH of the reaction mixture remains at a value such that samples thereof diluted with deionized water to bring the total solids content thereof to substantially 10% have a pH within the range of from 7 to 9, said control of the alkali addition being continued until there has been quaternized at least 50% of that amount of said substituted imidazoline to react with which sufficient quaternizing agent is present, the temperature being maintained after all the alkali has been added within the aforesaid range of from 40‹ to 90‹ C. until a constant pH value has been attained. The quaternizing agent is suitably (a) a halogen substituted carboxylic or sulphonic acid of the general formula wherein m is 1, 2 or 3; p is zero or an integer less than or equal to m; Z is chlorine, bromine or iodine and X is SO 3 H or COOH; (b) the sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, aluminium or zinc salt of an acid mentioned in (a); or (c) a sultone of the general formula wherein one of R<SP>3</SP>, R<SP>4</SP> and R<SP>5</SP> is H or CH 3  and the other two are H, whilst R<SP>6</SP>, R<SP>7</SP> and B<SP>8</SP> are each H or OH.
Patent GB-1365290-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisation of cyclo olefins
IPC: C08F4/78
Filed: 1970-12-23
Abstract: 1365290 Polymerizing cycloolefins INTERNATIONAL SYNTHETIC RUBBER CO Ltd 23 Dec 1971 [23 Dec 1970] 61113/70 Heading C3P One or more cycloolefins containing 4, 5 or 7 or more ring carbon atoms are polymerized in a hydrocarbon diluent in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) one or more salts of W or Mo and (b) at least one aluminium alkoxide of formula AlR x DR<SP>1</SP> 3-x  where R is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group or halogen and R<SP>1</SP> is an alkyl group wherein the alkoxide is preformed by admixing an aliphatic alcohol with an organoaluminium compound and the alkoxide-containing mixture so formed is contacted with a mixture of the W or Mo salts, cycloolefin(s) and the diluent and the atomic ratio of W and/or Mo to Al in the catalyst is 1 : 0À5 to 1 : 10. Component (a) may be WCl 6 , WOCl 4 , MoCl 5 , MoBr 5  or MoOCl 3 . The cycloolefin may be cyclopentene, cycloheptene, cyelooctene, cis or trans cyclododeeene, cis, cis 1,5 cyclooctadiene or cis, trans, trans 1,5,9 cyclododecatriene and may be purified by refluxing over maleic anhydride, distillation or by being passed through activated alumina. In the examples isobutanol is reacted with triisobutyl aluminium to give an aluminium diisobutyl monoisobutoxide solution in cyclohexane which is added to a mixture of cyclopentene in cyclohexane or toluene and either a solution of WCl 6  or MoCl 5  in chlorobenzene. To the latter epichlorohydrin is added in Example 11.
Patent GB-1244690-A (GB)
Title: Weft yarn storage
IPC: D03D47/36
Filed: 1969-12-30
Abstract: 1,244,690. Weft measuring and storage. ADOLPH SAURER Ltd. 30 Dec., 1969 [30 Dec., 1968; 3 Oct., 1969], No. 63400/69. Heading D1E. Yarn 18" is measured off and stored in a zigzag path on a cylindrical body 1 on which it is laid by a pair of pivotable dogs 24, 25 carried by and between two movable chains 22, 23. The body 1 is rotated uniformly or intermittently and has radial plate 7 at one end with recesses 44 for the yarn and at the other end axially adjustable radial plates 14 with recesses 50 in which the yarn is held by solenoid actuated radial pins 15. Yarn cutters 90 and 128 may be provided at both ends of the body 1 so that picks may be 1, 2 or several times L, the distance from a pin 15 to a recess 44. Each dog 24, 25 has a hook 28 which picks up the yarn 18' between a tube 19, which is pivotable on an arm 57 to stop storage, and a recess 44 and releases the yarn when a roller 26 reaches a surface 32 of an adjustable cam 45. Picking off weft The yarn is picked off the storage body 1 by a pair of hooks 93, 94 which enter a recess (85) (Fig. 12, not shown), in one of the radial plates 7 and are moved both axially of the body 1 by solenoids 96, 97 and radially by solenoids 111, 112 acting through arms 105, 106 and links 99, 100 and apart, because the solenoids 96, 97 engage guide slots, to draw the yarn into a triangular shape. The yarn is then gripped by two pairs of grippers 124, 125 and cut between the pairs by a cutter 128. Each gripper pair in turn, mounted on an arm 119 and 120, is moved by a cam 141 into alignment with a weft picking element 127 and by a solenoid 137 or 138 to straddle the element 127 which carries the weft through the shed.
Patent GB-675667-A (GB)
Abstract: 675,667. Current and voltage measuring instruments. SANGAMO WESTON, Ltd. Dec. 8, 1949 [March 29, 1949], No. 8539/49. Class 37. A permanent magnet moving coil instrument comprises two mechanically coupled coils 23, 24, Fig. 2, in an asymmetrical magnetic field so that the flux linkages of one coil vary in a predetermined manner with reference to the flux linkages of the other coil as the coils move, and a controlling torque provided by a control spring, the scale law being varied by feeding both coils from the same voltage but so that the opposite torques developed by the moving coils will be balanced by the control spring at different points of the scale according to the predetermined ratio of the currents flowing in each coil or the predetermined ampere turns of each coil. In Fig. 3, the two coils are fed in series; either or both may be shunted by resistances; in Fig. 5, the two coils are fed in parallel in shunt with a resistance 32; either coil or both may be connected in series with a resistance. A suppressed zero may be obtained by pre-loading the spring 40, Fig. 7, and providing a zero-stop 45 for the pointer 14. The flux density associated with one coil is increasing while that of the other is decreasing, so that the total flux density is approximately constant over the whole range, thus making the damping due to the movement of the coil-frames approximately constant over the whole range. Specification 567,435 is referred to.
Patent GB-765264-A (GB)
Abstract: 765,264. Sparking plugs. NEUTRONIC CO., Inc. Feb. 22, 1955 [June 17, 1954], No. 5209/55. Class 7 (4). CONSTRUCTION In a sparking plug comprising a hollow tubular metal body 2, an insulator 12 in the body having a central circular portion 13 in heat-conducting relationship with an adjacent central portion of the body, a central electrode rod 22 extending through the insulator, and a skirt 14 on the insulator depending from its circular portion and spaced from the metal body 2 and from the rod 22 for increasing the path therebetween, the skirt 14 has a cross-section sufficiently small to maintain the skirt at a higher temperature than the adjacent walls and a length less than half its diameter to prevent over-heating while vaporization of liquid occurs on the skirt under operating conditions, a cavity 15 forming a firing space being left within the insulator and between the skirt and the adjacent body portion, the skirt extending into the cavity 15. The copper-plated coldrolled steel body 2 has three inner parts 7, 9 and 11 of different and progressively smaller diameters, a tapered seat 8 joining parts 7 and 9 whilst a shoulder 10 connects the parts 9 and 11 ; the walls of the extremity of the body part 11 diverge outwardly. The glass or aluminium oxide insulator 12 is retained in the body 2 by a nut 29, soft metal gaskets 28, 30 being interposed between the insulator and both the seat 8 and the bevelled end of the nut 29 ; within the insulator is a space 16 comprised of three different and progressively larger diameter portions 17, 18 and 19 interconnected by sloping shoulders, the portion 17 merging into a bore 21 which houses the rod 22. The latter which is threaded in the bore 21 has a rectangular sparking end 31 that cooperates with a threaded part 32 of the body part 11 ; the upper exposed part 20 of the insulator 12 is corrugated to 'both facilitate cooling and increase the leakage path. In various modifications, the centre electrode is either cemented in the insulator or when the latter is of glass the electrode is bonded in position during the moulding process; the insulator may be retained in place by rolling over the top of the body and dispensing with the nut. The earth electrode may be formed by a bar welded across the extremity of the body. Dimensions of some of the parts are given. OPERATION During the compression stroke fuel-air mixture is forced into the spaces 15, 16 in a stratified manner, the interior surfaces producing a turbulence therein and the threads 32 causing swirling thereof, these parts further atomizing and vaporizing the mixture. At the moment of ignition an inwardly travelling flame front is established which as it approaches the spaces 15, 16 instantaneously consumes the mixture therein so that the sudden expansion of gases forces the flame into the engine combustion chamber. The spaces automatically provide for ignition retardation and advance during increasing and decreasing load.
Patent GB-2025261-A (GB)
Title: Method of recovering plastics materials
IPC: B29B17/02
Filed: 1978-06-22
Abstract: A method of recovering plastics which is both easy to work and effective in separation of materials. The method comprises the steps of heating multilayer plastics material articles, immediately crushing the heated plastics material articles by means of shearing, impact and/or tearing force and peeling the layers of the plastics material articles into small pieces of respective component layer materials, and separating the crushed and peeled pieces of materials into respective component layer materials, thereby recovering component layer materials in separated state. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-2024620-A (GB)
Title: Supports for plugs
IPC: A47K1/14
Filed: 1978-06-27
Abstract: A support 1 is adapted for holding a plug 7 of a sink, hand basin, tub and the like when the said plug is not in use and includes a base 2 adapted on a rear face thereof for mounting the support on a vertical member, a front face 8 of the base having a pair of outwardly extending plug holding lugs 9 each having a locating lip 10 on an outer portion so that a plug may be placed on said lugs and be supported thereby, positioned between the lips and the said front face. <IMAGE>