Patent GB-1269077-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for electrochemically machining rotating parts
Inventor: HAGGERTY WILLIAM ANDREW
IPC: B23H3/00
Filed: 1969-04-08
Abstract: 1,269,077. Electro-chemically machining a rotating workpiece. CINCINNATI MILACRON Inc. April 8, 1969 [April 8, 1968], No. 17939/69. Heading C7B. Apparatus for electro-chemically machining a surface of revolution (shown as a bearing surface) on a workpiece 15 comprises two supporting elements (shown as shoes 41, 42, Fig.4) for engaging the workpiece at positions spaced around the periphery thereof, an electro-chemical machining tool 10 located outside the space between the supporting elements and mounted for movement towards and away from the surface to be machined, and means for rotating the workpiece and urging it against the supporting elements during its rotation. As shown, the workpiece 15 is rotated by and urged against the shoes 41, 42 by a magnetic chuck 25, Fig. 3, having a forward face 39. The shoes 41, 42 are positioned at a radius from the chuck's centre of rotation less than the initial radius of the workpiece and slidably engage the workpiece. As the magnetic chuck rotates, it urges the workpiece against the shoes and the workpiece slides over a limited portion of the chucks surface. The tool 10 comprises an electrically conductive plate 51, Fig. 5, (e.g. of brass) having a flat frontal machining surface surrounded by insulating material (e.g. of fibre-glass laminated blocks 55, 61 and epoxy resin 80) and is supplied with electrolyte through passages 57, 54. A crowned surface can be produced on the workpiece by dimensioning the tool's flat frontal surface such that different parts of the workpiece are machined for different lengths of time as they rotate past the flat surface Fig. 7 (not shown). Various electrolytic machining conditions are given. Thus, a constant voltage or constant current may be used, e.g. a substantially ripple free current with a variation in voltage of less than ¢% peak to peak. The tool may be moved towards the workpiece at the same rate as the surface is machined, or at a constant rate, or may be at a fixed position during machining in which event the voltage is increased as the gap between the tool and workpiece increases to maintain the current density constant. The gap may be À0015 inch. A ferrous material may be machined using a NaNO 3  electrolyte first using 6000 amps/sq. in. (15 volts), then between 1500 and 3000 amps/sq. in. and thereafter briskly terminating the current. The workpiece may be rotated at 150 r.p.m. During machining, the electrolyte may be recirculated, anodic products being removed, e.g. by a centrifugal separator, and the electrolyte being cooled during the recirculation. Electrolyte is fed to the gap between the tool and the workpiece at a pressure of 350 p.s.i. which gives an electrolyte flow velocity of 400-500 ft./sec. Rotating workpieces may be machined to within 0À0001 inch of a desired diameter and within an out of round tolerance of 0À000060 inch, and a surface finish of 5 micro-inch, arithmetic average. Instead of machining the exterior surface of a bearing, the above described procedures may be used to machine the inside surface of a bearing member. Specifications 1, 269, 078 and 1, 269, 079 are referred to.