baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1371023-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for contouring a surface
IPC: H01L21/683
Filed: 1973-01-24
Abstract: 1371023 Automatic control of position INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 24 Jan 1973 [2 Feb 1972] 3610/73 Heading G3R  Apparatus for contouring a surface of a thin, plate-like element 11, e.g. a semi-conductor wafer for an integrated circuit comprises a plurality of holders 15 (suction discs) arranged as shown opposite a plurality of position sensors 20 connected to respective means 30 which produce  signals causing adjustment of corresponding holders when the positions at the sensed points are incorrect for the desired contour. When the desired contour (e.g. flat) is obtained the signals cease, the complete sensing head 21 is swung away and is replaced by a mask through which light is shone on to photo-resist material on the element 11 (90) Fig. 5 (not shown). The mask is supported at four points which are adjusted by a similar positioning system to ensure parallelity with the element. The detectors comprise pneumatic orifices, the air-flow from each of which depends upon its spacing from the element. In the device 30 the resulting air pressure is applied to one side of a diaphragm, the other side of which communicates with the air supply, and has an adjustable bleed valve. Movement of the diaphragm in either direction establishes electrical contact in a circuit which controls a corresponding stepping servomotor 62; this moves a sword cam 61 to vary the position of the holder 17. The bleed valves are set so that no contact is made when an accurate master element is in position. The motor control circuit Fig. 6 (not shown) includes an oscillator and logic gates which are arranged to indicate by lamps that each servo loop is operating.
Patent GB-1504961-A (GB)
Title: Prestressed concrete members
IPC: B28B23/04
Filed: 1975-02-06
Abstract: 1504961 Method of prestressing concrete CONSPAN INVESTMENT CO Ltd 6 Feb 1975 [6 Feb 1974] 3676/75 Heading E1W A method of forming a pre-stressed concrete member comprises:- forming a concrete shell 1; curing the shell for a preselected time; drying out an inner surface 2 of the shell so as to arrest hydration; locating and stressing reinforcements 4 within the shell 1; dampening the inner surface 2 of the shell; infilling the shell with concrete 3 so as to cover the stressed reinforcement: and allowing the concrete 3 and shell 1 to cure concurrently. The shell 1 may comprise a series of troughs or be of U or W shaped cross section. A concrete setting retarding agent may be used on the inner surfaces of the troughs. The surface of the infilling concrete 3 may be roughened and a further layer of concrete 6 may be poured in situ. Stirrup shaped reinforcement bars 5 extend from the infilling concrete 6 to the in situ layer 6. The infilling concrete 3 may be additionally reinforced with metal mesh or fibrous material. A plurality of shells 1 may be mounted one above the other in a mould, the infilling concrete joining the shells to form a laminated concrete member Fig. 6 (not shown).
Patent GB-569850-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric current converting systems
IPC: H02M7/15
Filed: 1943-03-09
Abstract: 569,850. Converting. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. March 9, 1943, No. 3788. Convention date, March 18, 1942. [Class 38 (ii)] In a converter comprising valves 4, 5 of the immersion igniter type, ignition impulses from a peaking transformer 12 are applied to the ignition electrodes 8 through unidirectional conducting devices 17, 18, and resistances 21., 22 are connected between the ignition electrodes and opposite ends of the transformer secondary to maintain the electrodes at cathode potential, and thus prevent the flow of inverse current during the negative half-cycles of voltage. Resistances 19, 20 are connected in series with the unidirectional conducting devices 17, 18, and relieving anodes 9 are connected thereto so as to be subjected to sufficient voltage when ignition current begins to flow to ensure transfer of the are from electrodes 8 to electrodes 9. To permit of regulation by control of the moment at which the are is picked up by the main anodes 6, control electrodes 10 are provided adjacent the latter and are energized by control voltage impulses of adjustable phase supplied through a phase shifter 25, peaking transformer 23 and unidirectional conducting devices 27, 28, the impulses being of an amplitude sufficient to override a negative bias from a source 26.
Patent GB-1327548-A (GB)
Title: Threshold voltage amplifier
IPC: H03K17/30
Filed: 1972-01-27
Abstract: 1327548 Transistor switching circuits METRAWATT GmbH 27 Jan 1972 [27 Jan 1971] 3830/72 Heading H3T [Also in Division H2] A circuit for monitoring a reversable direct voltage and producing an output when a predetermined threshold is exceeded comprises: an input resistance R M  across which the voltage is developed; a first transistor T1 with its emitter connected to one end of R M  and its base connected to the other; a second transistor T2 with its base connected to the one end of R M  and its emitter connected to the other; and a resistive load circuit R a  connected from the collectors to a supply source V. As used in a measuring instrument, an excessive measured voltage of either polarity causes either T1 or T2 to conduct and produce, across Ra, a voltage which after amplification actuates a relay S to disconnect the supply to R M . In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), the transistors T1, T2 have separate load resistors which are individually coupled to the relay operating transistor (T8). The threshold may be modified by including threshold elements such as Zener diodes in the base leads of T1, T2.
Patent GB-1111936-A (GB)
Title: De-icer composition
Inventor: HUITSON JOHN JACKSON
IPC: C09K3/18
Filed: 1966-01-28
Abstract: A composition of which at least 95% by weight consists of a mixture of 5-80% urea and 95-20% of an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a saturated carboxylic acid which contains up to 6 carbon atoms, is used as a deicing composition for roads &c. Sodium, potassium or ammonium formate or acetate may be used; ammonium formate is preferred.  The composition may also contain trisodium phosphate, sodium polyphosphate or sodium chromate as corrosion inhibitor.  The composition may be applied in powder form or as an aqueous solution; solutions may also be used as anti-freeze cooling and heat-transfer liquids in engines or refrigerators.
Patent GB-930177-A (GB)
Title: Chuck jaw construction
IPC: B23B31/16
Filed: 1962-02-01
Abstract: 930,177. Chucks. BUCK TOOL CO. Feb. 1, 1962 [April 13, 1961], No. 3924/62. Class 83 (3). A chuck jaw assembly comprises a base 12, a radially extending manually rotatable screw- and-thread means 46 to move a key member 15 relatively to the jaw base, the key being connected with a top jaw 14, the key and the top jaw having clamping means so that the load on the top jaw may be applied directly to the jaw base. Three such jaw assemblies are mounted in a chuck body 10 and are operated by way of inclined T-projections 24. A shield plate 81 slides in a second shield plate 71 to prevent dust entering the mechanism. The jaws 14 of the assemblies are adjusted each by the same amount by rotating the screws 46 each by a number of revolutions counted by the number of " clicks " made by a spring-pressed ball 59 entering a recess in the screw. Markings on each base denote the position of its associated jaw. After adjustment, each jaw is clamped to its base by screws 97. In a modification, the spring-pressed ball enters recesses in an end face of the screw.
Patent GB-343721-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to handles for electric switches of the rotary type
IPC: H01H19/14
Filed: 1930-02-05
Abstract: 343,721. Switch handles ; indicators for switches. TURNER, C. A., 33, Crespigny Road, Hendon, London. Feb. 5, 1930, No. 3950. [Class 38 (v).] A switch handle consists of insulating material shaped like a beehive having four scalloped or cut-away portions 4 leaving four arms 2. On each of the outer faces of the arms 2 are marked the indications such as "OFF," "LOW," "MED," and "HIGH." When viewed from the normal position either from the front or from the side, only the indication appropriate to the position of the switch is legible. Other modifications are described having knurled edges and the faces bearing the indications not concentric with the knob.
Patent GB-575952-A (GB)
Title: Revolving dome clear vision screen
IPC: B63B19/00
Filed: 1944-03-07
Abstract: 575,952. Self-cleaning weather screens. HELPS, C. E. March 7, 1944, No. 4166. [Class 20 (iii)] A self-cleaning screen giving a view of 360 degrees in azimuth and at least 180 degrees in a vertical plane consists of a transparent dome rotated about its axis in order to throw off moisture by centrifugal action. The dome may be of glass or of the material known under the Registered Trade Mark "Perspex," and it may be driven at the rim or lower part of the sides by a gear or friction drive from a motor.
Patent GB-1168393-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Electric Transmission Lines
Inventor: RUFFHEAD PHILIP GEOFFREY
IPC: H01B5/08
Filed: 1968-01-26
Abstract: 1,168,393. Conductors. P. G. RUFFHEAD. 26 Jan., 1968, No. 4169/68. Heading H1A. Self-damping of a power line is achieved by internal friction due to the fact that the line has a core comprising a plurality of wires substantially parallel to the line axis, and retaining means which applies pressure to the wires when subjected to transverse oscillations. The core may have a long length of lay such that the angle between the wires and the line axis does not exceed 0À045 radians (about 2¢ degrees). The core may be wrapped with spaced tapes or clamps or may be enclosed in a tubular metal or insulating member. Alternatively, the retaining means may consist of one or more outer layers of circular and/or non-circular wires, and an energy-absorbing substance such as neoprene may fill the spaces in the line.
Patent GB-434646-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to advertising and display devices and the like
IPC: G09F5/00
Filed: 1935-02-09
Abstract: 434,646. Collapsable cardboard display stands. WARDLE, E., JONES, H., and TODD, C. I., (trading as WARDLE & CO., E.), 110, Cannon Street, and STRANDERS, J., 114, Wavertree Road, Streatham Hill, both in London. Feb. 9, 1935, No. 4262. [Class 52 (v)] A collapsable cardboard display stand comprising a back member 11, one or more flexibe or scored bands 21 attached to the parts 11<a>, 11<b>, of the member 11, and one or more shelf members 13 hinged to the part 11<b>, is characterized in that one or more of the shelves is or are provided with an extension 17, passing through a slot 19 in the part 11, and preferably having a scored locking tab 18. Scored strips 24, 25 attached to the parts 11<a>, 11<b> provide additional support for the shelves. The bottom shelf may be provided with a guiding tongue engaging in a slot at the outer edge of the part 11<a>.
Patent GB-270025-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to road surface markings for traffic control and guidance
IPC: C09D101/12
Filed: 1926-02-16
Abstract: 270,025. Jones, F. W. Feb. 16, 1926. Surface markings.-Compositions containing a cellulose ester, a non-volatile solvent therefor, and filling material, are laid directly in a groove formed in the road or alternatively are moulded into bricks &c., which are then placed in the road. The composition may comprise 20 per cent cellulose acetate, 10 per cent paratoluenesulphoanilide, 5 per cent phenylmethane, 35 per cent lithopone, 30 per cent mica powder. Specifications 192,108, 215,823, and 249,600, [all in Class 70, lndiarubber &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-970392-A (GB)
Title: Plain bearings for shafts
IPC: F16C33/20
Filed: 1961-02-06
Abstract: 970,392. Plain bearings. H. FESEMEYER, [trading as F. HIMMERMANN KUNSTSTOFFUND METALLWERK]. Feb. 6, 1961 [Feb. 6, 1960], No. 4457/61. Heading F2A. A plain bearing comprises a corrugated metal sleeve 6 with a synthetic plastics bush 7 located therein. The bush and sleeve are in peripheral contact to facilitate heat conduction away from the bearing surface 14. The spaces 8 between the internal corrugations and the bush 7 are filled by metal rods 9. The external spaces 11 formed by the corrugations are filled with lubricant which passes through holes 12 in the bush to the bearing surface 14. The external spaces of the sleeve 6 are interconnected with a peripheral groove 15 and the spaces terminate before the end of the sleeve at surfaces 16 and 17 which co-operate with integral flanges 18, 19 at the end of the bush 7. Internal and external wrapping sleeves are provided to protect the bearing surface and retain the lubricant, respectively, these sleeves being removed upon installation of the bearing.
Patent GB-1073822-A (GB)
Title: Cleaning device
IPC: B43L21/02
Filed: 1965-02-02
Abstract: 1,073,822. Reservoir pads. C. O. DUKE. Jan. 24, 1966 [Feb. 2, 1965], No. 4462/65. Heading A4K. In a cleaner for removing water colour from a sheet of plastic or glass used as a blackboard, the compression of resiliently deformable reservoir 25, by trigger 33, causes ejection of liquid, from nozzle 26, in the path of the cleaning pad. A foam rubber pad 20 is provided with a covering sheet of absorbent paper, releasably secured at the leading edge by a spring urged clip 35. The sheet is released from clip 35 by the depression of trigger 40.
Patent GB-745059-A (GB)
Title: Multi-stage centrifugal pump or blower
IPC: F04D29/44
Filed: 1953-02-17
Abstract: 745,059. Centrifugal pumps and blowers. BUCHI. A. Feb. 17, 1953 [March 21, 1952], No. 4467/53. Class 110(1) In a multi-stage centrifugal pump or blower, the stationary guide members surrounding each impeller are formed in two housing parts separated in planes normal to the axis of the pump or blower, and return passages for conducting the fluid from one stage to the next are formed on the side of one housing part opposite the side facing the other housing part and covered by an annular plate. Each impeller 1 is surrounded by complementary members 4'. 5 containing collecting passages 17 which open into straight diffusers 18<SP>1</SP>, followed by curved dicusers 18" which open to return passages 8<SP>1</SP> located laterally of the impeller. The passages 8<SP>1</SP> are formed partly in members 4<SP>1</SP> and partly in an inner member 6, and are enclosed by a shroud 6b forming part of member 6 and by a separate annular plate 10<SP>1</SP>. The adjacent walls 8<SP>1</SP>a and 8<SP>1</SP>b of each pair of adjacent passages 8<SP>1</SP> meet at an acute angle at 8<SP>1</SP>c to form a guide blade 6<SP>1</SP>a. Annular guide vanes 12 divide the return passages into passages having a constant ratio of the central radius of curvature to the width. Guide blades 15 are also provided in the return passages. In a modification, the member 6 is integral with the member 4<SP>1</SP>, and the shroud 6b is formed on the annular plate 10<SP>1</SP>.
Patent GB-789608-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electronic trigger circuit arrangements
Inventor: SCOLES GRAHAM JOHN
IPC: H03K3/13
Filed: 1955-02-15
Abstract: 789,608. Bi-stable trigger circuits. METROPOLITAN-VICKERS ELECTRICAL CO., Ltd. Jan. 31, 1956 [Feb. 15, 1955], No. 4521/55. Class 40 (6). A bi-stable trigger circuit comprises a cathode-coupled pair of discharge tubes with a D.C. coupling between the anode of the first and the first control grid of the second, the circuit being caused to change over by means of a trigger voltage applied to the control grid of the first tube which is normally cut off. The change-over point from one stable state to the other is sharply defined by the provision of a rectifier connecting the control grid of the second tube to a reference voltage which isolates this grid when a negative going voltage is applied thereto from the anode of the first tube. Fig. 2 shows a bi-stable trigger circuit comprising cathode-coupled tubes V1, V2 with a D.C. coupling between the anode of tube V1 and the control grid of tube V2 which is tied via rectifier V3 to a reference potential determined by the setting of potentiometer R5 the grid also being tied to earth via rectifier V4 so that its excursion in a negative direction is limited. Normally tube V1 is cut off and V2 conducting. A trigger voltage of rising value with time is applied to input A so that at a predetermined voltage level of the trigger signal in dependence upon the setting of resistor R5 tube V1 is rendered conducting and V2 cut off the circuit reverting to its initial stable state during the fly-back period of the saw-tooth input trigger voltage. The anode load Z of tube V2 has preferably the form shown in Fig. 3 comprising a tuned transformer T which may be critically damped by resistor RD. The inductance of the transformer primary, the capacitor CT and resistor RD control the amplitude and duration of the output pulse and the latter two elements may be variable. If desired, resistor RD may be a non-linear resistor, such as that known under the Registered Trade Mark of " Metrosil," thus flattening the output pulse. Alternatively a diode may replace the resistor RD, thus damping out any reverse voltage produced. Specifications 614,219 and 621,752, [Group XL (b)], are referred to.
Patent GB-829391-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of cutting gears
Inventor: CARR HERBERT
IPC: B23F5/20
Filed: 1958-02-12
Abstract: 829,391. Gear-cutting. DRUMMOND BROS. Ltd. Feb. 12, 1959 [Feb. 12, 1958], No. 4556/58. Class 83 (3). In a method of cutting a series of differentsized gears 1, Fig. 2, on a gear-shaping machine having a pinion-cutter 2, a feed-cam 13 and change-gears 4-6, 15, 16 are selected for each size of workpiece. The double-ratio changespeed gears 8, 9, 11, 12, Fig. 1, of a conventional machine, are replaced by the change-gears 15, 16 accessible on the outside of the machine, to enable an unlimited speed ratio between the rotation of the feed cam 13 and that of the work 1.
Patent GB-1130221-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to colour printing
Inventor: OWEN DAVID MALCOLM
IPC: G03F3/04
Filed: 1965-02-03
Abstract: 1,130,221. Half-tone colour printing. PAPERS & PUBLICATIONS (PRINTERS) Ltd. Feb. 1, 1966 [Feb. 3, 1965], No. 4598/65. Headings G2C and G2M. In making a colour print, exposure is made through at least two differently coloured half-tone screens in succession. As shown, light from a box 1a passes through a colour mask 2a, a transparency 3a, a lens 4a, and a red half-tone screen 6a, falling on a light-sensitive film 5a, which is then processed to form a cyan half-tone negative 7a. Similarly, a green half-tone screen 6b is used to form a magenta half-tone negative 7b, a blue half-tone screen 6c to form a yellow half-tone negative 7c, and a red+green+blue half-tone screen 6d to produce a black half-tone negative 7d. The negatives are then exposed to make four metal printing plates 8a,8b,8c,8d which are mounted on printing cylinders 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d. These print cyan, magenta, yellow, and black images which are successively superimposed on a paper web 12.
Patent GB-724554-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fuel combustion ante-chambers for internal combustionengines, including binary engines having internal combustion units
IPC: F01L13/08
Filed: 1953-02-19
Abstract: 724,554. Combustion chambers ; valves ; starting. JOHNSON, C. E. Feb. 19, 1953, No. 4644/53. Classes 7 (2), 7 (3), 7 (5) and 7 (6). A cylindrical combustion chamber 2 separated as by a preferably valve-controlled passage 30 from the engine cylinder (not shown) has its volume varied as by a manually-operated screw piston 10, orifices 7, 8, for a fuel mixture supply control valve and a fuel injector respectively, and a sparking plug 17, being provided for dual fuel operation such as starting with fuel mixture and spark ignition at a low compression ratio and later increasing the compression ratio by operation of the piston 10, even to the point of blanking off the plug 17, and switching to fuel injection. The valve 29 controlling the passage 30 is oscillated from the engine through a spring-loaded lost motion linkage so as alternately to open the passage 30 and to vent the chamber 2 via a bore 36 as shown, at appropriate times in the engine cycle. Cooling water from a chamber jacket 5 may circulate into a valve bore 33 via a connection 38. The valve 29 is pressed on to its seat by a spring 42 and lubricated from an oil bath recess 39 via bores 41. The combustion chamber is suitable for use with the engine described in Specification 705,411. In a modification, the volume of the combustion chamber is varied by using different ones of a series of sparking plug or fuel injector holders projecting into the chamber by different amounts.
Patent GB-367555-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to self-closing valves for water mains
IPC: F16K17/34
Filed: 1931-02-14
Abstract: 367,555. Fluidactuated valves. WHITELEY, D., 14, Ennerdale Drive, Bradford, Yorkshire, and GLENFIELD & KENNEDY, Ltd., Kilmarnock, Ayrshire. Feb. 14, 1931, No. 4689. [Class 135.] Valves closing with a rush of fluid.-In the trip gear of a self-closing valve for water mains, settable by a weight or the equivalent, the effective action of the loading means is varied automatically in accordance with previously measured or estimated fluctuations in the flow through the main during a given period. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the buoyancy effort of a float 10 connected by a rod 9 to a lever 8 carried by a spindle 3 opposes the moment of weights 7 hung from a trip lever 4 also carried by the spindle 3. A float chamber 11, which accommodates the float 10 with small clearance, is connected with several vertically spaced outlet tubes 12 flow through which is controlled automatically in a predetermined manner. In a preferred form, spring- loaded valves 13, Fig. 4, controlling said outlets have stems 14 fitted with follower rollers 15 and are actuated by a face cam 17 having arcuate ribs 16 of length, disposition and contour determined by previously measured or estimated fluctuations in the main. The cam 17 is. driven by clockwork in a casing 18, Fig. 3, and both, with the valved. ends of the tubes 12, are housed in a discharge tank 19 having, below the level of the float chamber 11, a drain 20. The float chamber 11 has overflows 21, 21<1>, is supplied from an overhead tank 23 by a feed tap 22, and is provided with a flooding cock 24 operated by the lever 8 to facilitate closure of the main valve when the buoyant effort of the float 10 is reduced by the latter ascending after tripping has taken place. Thus an abnormal flow of fluid, whatever the normal flow at the time, actuates a paddle 1 which through the spindle 3 and trip lever 4 releases the latch 5 and leaves the main valve free to close. In modifications, a peripheral cam may replace the face cam, or the outlets may be controlled either by an automatically regulated sleeve coaxial with the float chamber 11, or by connection with an automatically controlled ported disc valve. Further, the " float " may be of any shape and it may be denser than water. The invention may be applied to a self-closing valve of the kind having a needle valve operated by the pressure differential in a Venturi pipe or of the kind held open by pressure acting on a weight-loaded piston or diaphragm.