Patent GB-830925-A (GB)
Title: Fluid flow control valves
IPC: F16K11/07
Filed: 1956-04-12
Abstract: 830,925. Valves. JOHNSON, C. April 12, 1956 [May 11, 1955], No. 11137/56. Class 135. In a two or multiple-way valve the piston 201 is made of two or more sections, Fig. 13A, at the junctions of which lipped ring-retaining grooves 204 are formed. The resilient 0-rings 94 in said grooves have a greater Durometer hardness than the other 0-rings 95, 96 in the annular grooves of the lands 91, 92, 93. The lipped grooves 204 prevent blow-out of the rings 94 by high-pressure fluid. In the first example, Figs. 1 and 5, the four-way valve 20 comprises a body 27 having a bore 28 with an inlet 35 and two working ports 39, 41. Parallel to the bore 28 is a manifold passage 37 from which the exhaust port 36 leads. The flow of fluid through the passages 85 interconnecting the bore 28 with the passage 37 can be regulated by adjustment of the metering plugs 84. The bore 28 contains end liner elements 46, 47 and two intermediate liner elements 45 in peripheral grooves of which are located 0- rings 87, 88. The liners are spaced by screens 55 to form annular passages 53, 56, 57, 58. The extension 64 of the liner 47 serves to centre the mounting plate 66 of an operating assembly to be described later. Adjacent the liner 46 the body is closed by a plate 71. The valve piston 29 has three axially spaced lands 91, 92, 93, flanked by grooves containing 0-rings. With the piston 29 in the position of Fig. 5, the inlet port 35 is connected via the passage 56 and the annular passage between the lands 91, 92 to the working port 39. The working port 41 is connected to the exhaust port 36 via annular passage 53, the annular passage between the lands 92, 93, annular passage 58, the right-hand metering orifice 85 and the manifold passage 37. The working ports 39, 41 are connected by pipes 21, 22, Fig. 1, respectively to opposite ends of a cylinder 24 containing a double-acting piston 25. The piston 29, Fig. 5, can be moved inwardly to an intermediate position in which the lands 91, 92, 93 prevent flow between the working ports 39, 41 and the inlet and exhaust ports 35, 36. If the piston 29 is moved further inwardly the inlet 35 is connected to the working port 41 and fluid is exhausted from the left-hand end of the cylinder 24, Fig. 1, via port 39, annular passage 53, Fig. 3, the annular passage between the lands 91, 92, annular passage 57, the lefthand metering orifice 85, the manifold passage 37 and the exhaust port 36. The speed of movement of the piston 25, Fig. 1, is determined by the adjustment of the plugs 84, Fig. 5. A radial slot 101 in the gasket 73 and a bore 102 interconnect the bore 28 and the passage 37 to prevent an air or liquid trap being formed in the liner 46. In a modification, Fig. 12, as applied to a three-way valve the body has one inlet 35 and two working ports 39, 41. The bore 28 has the end liners 46, 47 and one intermediate liner 45. The piston has two lands 93, 185 located between 0-rings 94, 96. The end plate 71a has a breathing opening 186 containing a packing 187. The piston has two end positions in which one or other of the working ports 39, 41 are connected to the inlet 35 and a neutral position in which both working ports are closed. A two-way valve construction is also described. Various actuating mechanisms are described. In the first example, Fig. 1, the actuating mechanism comprises a lever 121, 114 pivoted on a pin 115 located between two arms 116 extending from a bracket 67. The bifurcated end of the lever engages a pin 119 on the right-hand end of the piston 29. A spring- loaded ball detent 106 co-operates with annular grooves 107, 108, 109 to lock the piston in any selected one of its three positions. In another example, Fig. 4, the operating lever 131 is pivoted on a pin 132 supported in a bore 133 of the bracket 67 and extends between two levers 138, 139 having upwardly extending fingers 140, 141, Fig. 3, which embrace a pin 144 on the lever 131 and co-operate with stop pins 145, 146. Each lever 138, 139, Fig. 4, is connected to one end of a coil spring 148 the other end of which is connected to an adjustable disc 134. The springs 148 are so tensioned that the lever 131 is biased towards and maintained in the central position corresponding to the neutral position of the piston 29. In another similar example (not shown), there is only one spring 148 and a spring-loaded ball detent is provided. The operating lever may be connected to a foot treadle, Fig. 7 (not shown), or to a toe pad, Fig. 10 (not shown). The operating lever may be connected to a lever having a cam follower which rides an actuating cam, Fig. 8 (not shown). The various constructions are stated to lend themselves to standardization, i.e. the same body may be used for valves with different sized bores and ports. Specification 731,332 is referred to.