Patent GB-568438-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of coloured cellulose derivative fibres yarns, fabrics and the like of subdued lustre
IPC: D06P1/642
Filed: 1943-02-22
Abstract: Fibres, yarns, fabrics and the like having a basis of a cellulose ester or ether which are of subdued lustre and coloured in full tertiary shades, are obtained by causing the material to absorb, in finely divided form, a water insoluble condensation product of an aldehyde and an organic base having a plurality of basic amino groups from an aqueous dispersion, and colouring the material in a full tertiary shade.  Specified cellulose esters or ethers are cellulose acetate, propionate, butyrate, acetate - propionate, acetate-butyrate, ethyl and benzyl cellulose, and ethyl cellulose-acetate.  The insoluble condensation product is prepared in a water soluble form from an aldehyde, e.g. formaldehyde, benzaldehyde or furfural, and a base such as melamine, ammeline, ammelide, or substitution products thereof, ethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, urea, thiourea, guanidine, dicyanidiamide, or diguanide, and converted to the insoluble form by treatment with an acid such as acetic, formic, oxalic, tartaric, or citric.  The untreated materials are entered into the delustring bath before, during, or after the completion of the precipitation of the insoluble condensation product, and the treated materials are subsequently washed and dyed in a full tertiary shade.  The delustring bath may also contain dispersing agents and protective colloids.  The delustred materials are dyed in full tertiary shades, e.g. by a mixture of 1 : 4-di-(methylamino)-anthraquinone, 2 : 4-dinitro-4-amino-diphenylamine, and alpha-ethanolamino-anthraquinone, without regaining their lustre, and materials dyed with such dyestuffs as those of the 1 : 4-diamino anthraquinone series are fast to the combustion products of coal gas. The materials may be dyed with dispersed insoluble dyes having an affinity for the material, by azo dyes on the material, or by dyes with no affinity therefor, in solution in a liquid having a swelling action on the material.  Pattern effects may be obtained by printing, and/or by the application of resists before delustring or after delustring and before dyeing.  In an example, powdered melamine is added to formaldehyde at 55 DEG  C. and the condensation allowed to proceed.  The mixture is diluted and the solution heated to 80 DEG C. in the presence of acetic acid when precipitation of the insoluble condensation product occurs. Cellulose acetate fabric is then treated in the bath, removed, washed and dyed with a mixture of 2 : 4-dinitro-41-amino diphenylamine, a -ethanolamino-anthraquinone and 1 - methylamino - 4 - (b  - hydroxyethyl)-amino-anthraquinone. Alternatively it may be dyed with 4-nitro-41-amino-21 : 51-dimethoxyazobenzene.  The treatment of the invention also increases the fire-resistance of the materials.  In the Provisional Specification, it is stated that the process is applicable to regenerated cellulose materials or to materials having a basis of a fibre forming polymer such as polystyrene, polymethyl-methacrylate, polyvinylidine chloride and copolymers such as polyvinyl chloride-acetate.  Specifications 467,480, 469,688, 528,450, 528,686, 555,991 and 561,249 are referred to.