baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-436220-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in process and apparatus for the recovery of acid gases
IPC: C01B32/50
Filed: 1934-04-03
Abstract: <PICT:0436220/III/1> Weakly acidic gases which yield dibasic or polybasic acids, e.g. CO2, SO2, and H2S, are separated and recovered from gaseous mixtures by scrubbing with a solution of a double alkali metal ammonium salt of a tribasic or polybasic acid to form an acid salt of the acid gas and a double alkali metal ammonium acid salt, the resulting liquor then being heated to recover the acid gas and regenerate the scrubbing solution.  Waste gases, and industrial gases such as coal, water, or cracking gas may be treated.  Waste gas containing CO2, after cooling and removal of SO2 and dirt, passes to the inlet 2 of a tower 1, packed near the top and bottom with grids 5, 7, and fed from sprays 9 with a 25 per cent solution of Na(NH4)2PO4.  The temperature never exceeds 108 DEG  and preferably 90 DEG  F.  A slight excess of scrubbing solution is preferably employed, so that the resulting liquor contains Na(NH4)HPO4, NH4HCO3 and (NH4)2CO3.  This liquor is fed by a pump 11 through cooling coils 15, cooled to 90 DEG  F., or below, and thence by pipe 19 to the regenerator 24 where it is heated first by upcoming gas and vapour in the dephlegmator rings 23, then by hot effluent liquor recirculated through tubes 32 in the rings 31, and finally by steam tubes 40 in the rings 39.  If the temperature at the gas outlet 43 never exceeds 108 DEG  F., and at the liquor outlet 44, 210 DEG  F., practically pure CO2 is evolved.  The effluent liquor containing Na(NH4)2PO4, Na(NH4)HPO4 and (NH4)2CO3 is recirculated by a pump 45 and leaves by pipe 47 at about 110 DEG  F., being cooled to 90 DEG  F. in coils 48 and led to tank 53 whence it is fed by a pump 55 to the tower 1.  The rate of circulation and temperatures are controlled automatically by carbon dioxide and temperature indicators.  Other suitable salts for the scrubbing solution are Na(NH4)2AsO4, Na2(NH4)2P2O7, Na2(NH4)2P4O12 and Na(NH4)2 C6H5O7.  Specification 400,998 is referred to.
Patent GB-581856-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in chairs
IPC: A47C3/28
Filed: 1944-05-26
Abstract: 581,856. Seats. AKTIEBOLAGET ODELBERG & OLSON. May 26, 1944, No. 10218. Convention date, May 12, 1943. [Classes 52 (ii) & 52 (iii)] A seat is carried by a pillar 30 in a tubular socket 14 supported by legs 18 bent from strip metal with the ends of the strips turned outwardly and interconnected at their ends. A similarly constructed supporting frame 12 may be used to connect the seat 40 to the top of the pillar and an outwardly projecting arm 64 on the frame carries an angularly and vertically adjustable back-rest 80. The frame 12 preferably revolves on the top of the pillar and the latter may be screw - threaded for vertical adjustment in the socket 14 being locked in adjusted position by a sleeve 54 slidably keyed to the pillar and provided with a peg 60 which is engaged by the upper ends of the legs 18.
Patent GB-539636-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to spring-return mechanism for carbon-roll and like mechanisms
IPC: B41J17/00
Filed: 1940-06-12
Abstract: 539,636. Ink-ribbon mechanism. O'HALLORAN, J. P. June 12, 1940, No. 10247. [Class 100, (iv)] In manifolding-arrangements, such as are described in Specification 517,540, wherein a carbon web when pulled off a roll tensions a re-winding spring in connection with a wheel 18, Fig. 1, provided with a stop 21 which cooperates with a pawl 22 to limit re-winding, the pawl is provided with a tail a which extends beyond the pawl-abutment 16 and serves to prolong the period during which the pin 21 rides under the pawl before tripping past it. The tail may be pivoted to the pawl. In a modification, the pawl consists of a member having a hooked end which normally engages the stop 21.
Patent GB-873079-A (GB)
Title: Starting indicator for gas turbines
Inventor: FISHER KEITH LOVETT
IPC: G01P13/00
Filed: 1958-03-31
Abstract: 873,079. Measuring electrically. PYE Ltd. March 31, 1959 [March 31, 1958], No. 10263/58. Class 40 (1). [Also in Groups XIX and XXXVI] Means for indicating when a gas turbine engine has started comprises a generator driven by the turbine shaft and supplying an A.C. voltage, and an indicating lamp energized by said voltage. The low-pressure turbine shaft S of a two-stage gas turbine engine E drives a tachometer generator G, a portion of the A.C. voltage generated by which is fed through an isolating transformer T to an amplifier A; the input of which consists of a voltage divider R<SP>1</SP>, R<SP>2</SP>, The amplifier comprises two D.C. coupled stages incorporating transistors TR1, TR2, which are A.C.-coupled through a condenser C1 to a transistor switch consisting of transistors TR3, TR4. A lamp L is connected to the collector of transistor TR4, which energizes the lamp whenever a positive voltage is applied to the base of transistor TR4. Rotation of the shaft S produces a flashing indication of the lamp L, the rate of flashing increasing with the speed of the shaft. Owing to the voltage divider, the transistor TR1 is not overloaded at maximum speed of the turbine. Since the D.C. supply to amplifier A is derived from the starting relay B, the lamp is energized only during the starting cycle.
Patent GB-796205-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hose reel apparatus
IPC: B65H75/44
Filed: 1956-04-04
Abstract: 796,205. Hose reels. ARO EQUIPMENT CORPORATION. April 4, 1956 [Jan. 23, 1956], No. 10276/56. Class 99(2). [Also in Group XXX] The outlet end 14 of a hose 10 wound on a rotatable reel R is traversed horizontally by a cable 12 connected to the hose end 14 and extending over a pulley P back to the drum on which it is wound in the opposite direction to the hose 10. The reel R, Fig. 4, is rotatably mounted on an axle 32 serving as a supply conduit, e.g., for lubricating oil or compressed air, and fixed in a frame 24 adapted to be attached by brackets 30 to a ceiling 48. The hose 10 is wound on one section 20 of the reel and the cable 12 on a larger diameter section 60, the difference in diameters being the same as the difference between the diameters of the hose and cable or slightly greater to keep the hose taut. The inner end of the hose is connected to a fluid tight coupling 38 surrounding the axle 32 and the outer end is connected to a member 14, Fig. 1A, having an eye 68 for connection of the cable 12 and a flow port for connection of a pipe 16 leading e.g., to a lubricant gun or pneumatic tool. A second cable 62 may be provided in the hose 10 and anchored in the member 14 and coupling 38 to counteract stretching of the hose during unreeling. The hose is guided on to the reel by a grooved wheel 50, Fig. 6, journalled on a threaded rod 52 which causes the wheel 50 to travel across the drum during reeling and unreeling, a bar 54 holding the hose on the wheel 50. In a modification the wheel 50 is freely journalled on a smooth rod.
Patent GB-237354-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lubrication systems for internal combustion engines and the like
IPC: F16N13/10
Filed: 1924-04-26
Abstract: 237,354. Lea, J. C. Chater-. April 26, 1924. Force-feed lubricating; lubricant conveyed by mechanical means; liquid level, maintaining.-Oil supplied to the overhead valve-gear of an internal-combustion engine or the like through a pipe 15 at one side or end of the engine by a screw pump 10 driven by a counter-shaft v returns to the crank case 12 through a tube y surrounding the pipe 15 and a duct 12<b>, the oil level in the crank case being maintained constant by an apertured cylinder 17 mounted at right-angles to the axis of the main shaft across an opening 16 at the side of the crank case leading to a sump 11. The cylinder 17 may be rotated to vary the oil level, and the cut-away portion 18 is formed concentric with the main shaft, so that the level is not affected bv inclination of the engine. As shown in Fig. 1, the pump 10 draws oil from the sump 11 through a filter 22. In the form shown in Fig. 3, the pump 10 draws its supply from a container through a passage 23, and a secondary screw pump 24, driven by gearing 26 from the countershaft v, draws oil from the sump 11 through a filter 27 and delivers it to the container through a duct 25. Oil in the crank chamber is splashed around by scoops 28 fitted in transverse slots in the flywheels b a part of the oil passing through the tube y is fed by a slinger 33 mounted on the countershaft v to the big-end bearing 29 through holes 30, 31. Specification 235,348. [Class 7 (vi), Internal-combustion engines, Valves &c. for], is referred to.
Patent GB-329766-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the utilisation of waste wool
IPC: C08L89/00
Filed: 1929-04-04
Abstract: 329,766. Trotman, S. R., Trotman, E. R., and Wolsey, Ltd. April 4, 1929. Fibres, treating; yarns &c., treating with liquids. - Waste wool is treated with a hot aqueous solution of a salt having a weakly alkaline reaction in aqueous solution, e.g. sodium borates, carbonate, or silicate, or di- or tri-sodium phosphate. The treatment may be effected by boiling the wool with a dilute aqueous solution of borax under about 2 atm. pressure for 2-3 hours; the wool should be n'eutral or slightly alkaline, and may be preliminarily scoured with sodium carbonate. The protein solution so obtained may be used for loading animal or vegetable fibres or for producing a dull finish on artificial silks, the protein being precipitated thereon, e.g., by tannic acid or synthetic tans. Specifications 247,944 and 275,374, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-768215-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to diode switching means
IPC: H03K17/74
Filed: 1955-04-12
Abstract: 768,215. Radio direction-finding. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH, CO., Ltd. April 12, 1955 [April 12, 1954], No. 10458/55. Class 40(7) The invention relates to radio directionfinding apparatus of the type in which two (or more), differently orientated directional aerials are coupled to a comparison indicator such as a cathode tube through a like number of separate amplifiers. The connections of the aerials to the amplifiers, and the amplifiers to.the indicator being periodically and synchronously interchanged by means of switching devices. In one .such apparatus; using 2 aerials at 90 degrees to each other, the two amplifier outputs are switched synchronously with the aerial connection to the orthogonal deflection arrangements of a cathode ray tube so that in use two ellipses appear on the tube screen and the line bisecting the angle between the major axes of the ellipses indicates the bearing direction to be determined (see Specification 506,630 [Group XL]). The present invention consists of a modification or improvement in such apparatus whereby the circuit means coupling the antennas to the amplifier inputs include crystal diodes and a control voltage source effective to render the diodes periodically conduction and non-conductive is provided to perform the required switching. In one embodiment the input from two orthogonal aerials are connected at 1 and 2 to aerial coupling transformers 8 and 9. The outputs from these transformers is fed over crystal diodes 10, 11 and 16, 17 to amplifier inputs coils 12 and 13. These input coils are split as shown and bypassed to earth for high-frequency signals. Switching voltage waveforms as shown in Fig. 3 are applied at 14 and 15 to control which of the diodes are conductive and which non-conductive so that the required periodic switching is effected. A balanced coupling system in which the diode capacities are neutralized by small capacitors is described with reference to Fig. 4 (not shown).
Patent GB-1090007-A (GB)
Title: Energy absorbers
IPC: F16F7/12
Filed: 1966-03-10
Abstract: 1,090,007. Preventing injury in collisions. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. March 10, 1966 [March 12, 1965] No. 10539/66. Heading B7H. [Also in Division F2] A vehicle steering column includes a crashyielding section comprising an energy absorber (see Division F2) comprising a deformable tube 1 one end of which is mounted on a first member 4, the other end engaging a curling die 9 whereby, on relative movement of the members 4 and 9 towards each other, the said other end of the tube is caused to turn back on itself. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 884,953.
Patent GB-891727-A (GB)
Title: Thermonuclear reactor
IPC: H05H1/16
Filed: 1959-03-26
Abstract: 891,727. Nuclear fusion reactors. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. March 26, 1959 [April 28, 1958], No. 10542/59. Classes 39(1) and 39(4) A method of increasing the energies of electrically charged particles in an axially symmetrical magnetic field having an increased gradient reflector field comprises establishing an alternating electric field transversely across the magnetic field to impart rotational energy to the particles. In Fig. 5 an evacuated chamber 12 of stainless steel is surrounded by coils 17, 22, 23 which produce a uniform magnetic field at the middle and intense reflector fields at each end of the chamber. Ion sources 27 allow ions to be injected into the reaction space. A pair of opposed trough-shaped stainless steel electrodes 28, 29 extend over most of the length of the chamber and are supported from the walls by insulating rings 35, 36. The electrodes are excited at the gyromagnetic frequency of the ions, which for deuterons is 800 B 0  where B 0  is the magnetic flux density in the central region; if a mixture of ions is used the radio-frequency source energizing the electrodes should include appropriate harmonies to excite all particles at their particular gyromagnetic frequencies. In another arrangement, Fig. 7 (not shown), a further coil surrounds the chamber and extends nearly halfway along the tube, the electrodes extending a similar distance along the tube; this further coil provides a superheating region of constant magnetic field.
Patent GB-902372-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the preparation of trans-1 : 4-cyclohexanedimethanol
Inventor: SMITH PETER
IPC: C07C31/13
Filed: 1960-03-24
Abstract: 1:4-Cyclohexanedimethanol containing the trans-isomer in excess of the percentage of trans-isomer present in the 1:4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid dialkyl ester from which it is obtained, is prepared by heating the diester (e.g. the dimethyl ester), preferably under superatmospheric pressure and in absence of a catalyst, at a temperature of at least 250 DEG C. (e.g. 280-400 DEG C.) and converting the reaction product to 1:4-cyclohexanedimethanol, e.g. by reduction with hydrogen in presence of copper chromite. Specification 818,157 and U.S.A. Specification 2,917,549 are referred to.
Patent GB-1029607-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to halohydrin ethers
Inventor: COLLIS MICHAEL JOHN
IPC: C07C43/12
Filed: 1965-03-12
Abstract: 1,2-Halohydrin ethers are prepared by contacting in the liquid phase a hydrocarbon having an olefinic double bond and a mono- or dihydric alcohol with either bromine or chlorine in the presence of an anhydrous or substantially anhydrous alkali metal carbonate. It is preferred that both the olefinic hydrocarbon and alcohol be present in stoichiometric excess and that the amount of carbonate employed be such that no free hydrogen halide be present in the reaction mixture. Conveniently the reaction is performed at atmospheric pressure between - 10 DEG  and + 50 DEG  C.  Specified olefinic hydrocarbons include alkenes and styrene and specified alcohols include alkanols, cycloalkanols, aromatic alcohols and glycols.
Patent GB-954439-A (GB)
Title: Process for recovering aromatic hydrocarbons
IPC: C10G67/04
Filed: 1962-03-20
Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons are separated from feedstocks also containing alkenes and more highly unsaturated hydrocarbons by a partial hydrogenation to hydrogenate at least 50% of the more highly unsaturated products with less hydrogenation of the alkenes present or formed and recovering aromatic hydrocarbons from the partially hydrogenated product by selective solvent extraction. Preferably at least 95% of the more highly unsaturated compounds and less than 25% of the alkenes are hydrogenated. The feed may be the product of a thermal or catalytic cracking process having a final boiling point up to 375 DEG  C., particularly the by product obtained in the production of olefins by steam cracking oils boiling up to 230 DEG C. Hydrogenation may be effected using a nickel, cobalt or platinum catalyst, e.g. such as described in Specifications 899,220, 899,402 and 954,438, at 70-160 DEG  C. 10-60 atm. abs. and 0.5-5 kg/litre of catalyst/hour, preferably at least partly in the liquid phase, e.g. using trickle technique, employing 1-5 times the theoretical amount of hydrogen for conversion of the dienes to mono-olefins, usually 50-30 Nl. of hydrogen per kg. of hydrocarbon.  When benzene, toluene and/or xylene are to be recovered, the product is distilled, preferably under reduced pressure with a bottom temperature below 100 DEG  C., to remove material, e.g. cyclopentadiene dimers, boiling above 160 DEG  C., removal of material boiling below benzene may also be effected either before or after hydrogenation.  Solvent extraction is effected conventionally using diethylene, dipropylene or other alkylene glycols, sulpholane or substituted sulpholanes with or without water and using a reflux and/or a counter solvent.  If desired, prior to extraction, the partially hydrogenated feed, from which higher and lower boiling materials have been removed, may be subjected to a further hydrogenation to convert alkenes to alkanes, e.g. using a Co-Mo catalyst at 20 atm. abs., 300 DEG  C., 1 kg/litre/hr. using 4 mols. of hydrogen per mol. of hydrocarbon. The aromatic hydrocarbons may be recovered separately by distillation and further purified by treatment with activated earth at 120-180 DEG  C. Specification 888,147 also is referred to.
Patent GB-1420298-A (GB)
Title: Measurement of thickness of transparent films
IPC: G01B11/06
Filed: 1974-03-11
Abstract: 1420298 Measurement of transparent film thickness INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 11 March 1974 [26 March 1973] 10705/74 Heading G1A A method of determining the thicknesses of superimposed films of known refractive indices comprises directing on to the films electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths to which they are transparent and for each wavelength measuring the intensities of the reflected radiation polarized firstly parallel with and then perpendicular to the plane of incidence and providing a representation of these intensities as a function of wavelength and comparing them with values calculated for different thicknesses and obtaining a match. The measurements using the two polarizations are made with the same angle of incidence, which is preferably greater than 20 degrees and preferably Brewster's angle. As shown, as applied to the measurement of two films a beam 12 gives rise to beams 16A, 16B, and 16C reflected from the boundaries of films 11A 11B and substrate 10 and which are examined by a spectrophotometer. There may be a polarizer in beam 12 or in the reflected beams. Equations are given for calculating the reflectivity in terms of the refractive indices of air and the films and substrate, and the film thicknesses and the wavelength in vacuo. An iterative solution for various film thicknesses is obtained by a computer to produce the matching calculated curves, from which their thicknesses are obtained. It is stated that the thicknesses of three or more films mav be determined by making measurements with light directed on the films at two or more angles of incidence.
Patent GB-377220-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in classification apparatus
IPC: B03B5/50
Filed: 1931-04-11
Abstract: 377,220. Gravity separation apparatus. TRIGGS, W. W., 57, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London.-(Dorr- Co. ; 247, Park Avenue, New York, U.S.A.) April 11, 1931, No. 10745. [Class 46.] In classifying apparatus comprising a settling tank with a sloping bottom and an overflow for the lighter material, the heavier material is withdrawn up the sloping bottom by a reciprocating rake suspended at two points, the motion of each point being produced independently and directly from the main driving shaft through crank or eccentric driven links arranged so that the rake has a forward rectilinear motion adjacent the bottom of the tank followed by an arcuate elevated return stroke. A tank 10 with sloping bottom 11, feed trough 12, and overflow 13, contains a reciprocating rake 14 suspended by hanger plates 17, 18 near the upper and lower ends respectively. A main driving shaft 24, driven by gearing 27, 28 from a pulley shaft 25a, carries crank arms 32 which actuate the upper suspension points of the rake and eccentrics 42 which actuate the lower suspension points. The crank arms 32 are pivoted to drive bars 30 pivoted at their other ends to rocker links 34 and having short downward extensions 37 connected by adjusting links 39 to the hanger plates 17. The eccentrics 42 are adjustably connected to rods 45 the other ends of which are adjustably connected to bell-crank levers 48 moving about fixed pivots 49 and connected to the hanger plates 18 by rocking links 51. Means are provided for raising the lower end of the rake to facilitate cleaning, renewal, or repair. The shaft 49 acting as the pivot for the bell cranks 48 is raised or lowered by lifting-arms 53 keyed to a shaft 54 to which is also keyed an upwardly curved yoked arm 57 supporting a drum 58. Another drum 59, which is driven by hand or power, is formed in two sections, one of greater and the other of smaller diameter than the drum 58, and the drums are connected by cables so that on rotation of the drum 59 the drum 58 can be drawn towards the drum 59 thereby rotating the shaft 54 and raising the shaft 49 and the lower end of the rake. The overflow end of the tank is formed wholly or in part with an inward slope with respect to the vertical.