baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-999457-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to blast or shaft furnaces
IPC: C21B11/02
Filed: 1962-03-29
Abstract: In a blast furnace producing pig iron refining of the metal is carried out by introducing air, oxygenated air or air/water vapour through lances disposed symmetrically, perpendicularly, or obliquely to the furnace hearth.  The refining agent may also be introduced through nozzles in the hearth bottom, which nozzles may lead from a plenum chamber.
Patent GB-1466946-A (GB)
Title: Brake pad assembly for spot-type disc brakes
IPC: F16D69/04
Filed: 1974-03-19
Abstract: 1466946 Disc brake pad assemblies; preventing squeal; sensing wear ALFRED TEVES GmbH 19 March 1974 [24 March 1973] 12104/74 Heading F2E A brake pad assembly for a spot-type disc brake comprises a friction pad 2 fastened in a recess 5 in a steel backing plate 1, which recess 5 is defined by radially inner and outer boundary walls 4, 3 which stand proud of the main part of the plate 1. In the embodiment of Figs. 1, 2 the radially outer wall 3 has a radius of curvature corresponding to that of the outer brake-disc edge and the inner wall 4 is straight whereby the pad 2 is secured against displacement parallel to the backing plate plane. The recess 5 is open at the sides 6, 7. The friction pad 2 may be attached to the backing plate 1 by a cold-setting adhesive. In the embodiment of Fig. 3 (not shown) both the inner and outer walls 4, 3 are curved with the radius of curvature of wall 4 being greater than the radius of curvature of the inner edge of the friction surface of the disc. It is envisaged that the radially inner corners of the backing plate may be located outside the disc friction surface. It is also envisaged that the inner walls of the backing plate could be curved in a direction opposite to that of the outer wall. In the embodiment of Fig. 4 (not shown) a single rivet (8) secures the pad (2) to the backing plate (1). In the embodiment of Fig. 5 an expanding stud 10 is provided for fastening the friction pad 2 to the backing plate 1. The stud 10 has an annular slotted flange portion 11 and a cylindrical slotted stud portion 12; the flange portion 11 is initially of frusto-conical shape and is inserted into a shallow bore in the pad 2 and is then glued or deformed until the flange portion 11 is flattened. The stud portion 12 resiliently engages a bore in the backing plate. The stud 10 can form the sensor of a pad-wear warning system. It is preferably made of copper or brass but it may be made of plastics material. Instead of the pad being an integral member it can be composed of discrete pieces of material having similar or different friction or wear properties, neighbouring pieces butting each other and arranged along the length of the plate. Alternatively the pieces can taper forming a V-shaped slot the narrowest part of which is next to the backing plate to assist drainage. The discrete pieces are fastened to the plate as for the integral pad. Any pad may have its back surface provided with a self-sealing film. The backing plate may be protected against corrosion by cadmium-plating or other procedures. The pad assembly of the invention is said to render more difficult the transfer of heat from the pad to the backing plate and also to inhibit brake squeal.
Patent GB-294303-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gramophones
IPC: G11B3/00
Filed: 1927-05-05
Abstract: 294,303. Willans, J. W. May 5, 1927. Tone-arms; tone-arm. joints.-Relates to gramophones in which two rigidly connected or integrally formed tone-arms carry at one end a double sound-box or boxes (in which two diaphragms are actuated by a common stylus, so mounted as to be capable of swivelling vertically on the tone-arms, the other ends of the tonearms extending oppositely in axial alignment and leading to separate horns or amplifying chambers. According to the invention, the inner ends of the tone-arms are mounted in two bearings on a common bracket, each bearing opening to an amplifying chamber. In the machine shown, the tone-arms a, b are united integrally at their pivatally supported ends, which lead upwards and downwards respectively to the horns. The mounting consists of ball-bearings e, f, provided on a common bracket g, the tone-arms being thus adapted to turn about a single vertical axis. The dual sound-box l is carried by elbow tubes o, n, hinged at q to sockets p, so as to allow the sound-box to rise or fall.
Patent GB-580293-A (GB)
Title: An improved spring glazing clip
IPC: E06B3/54
Filed: 1944-06-26
Abstract: 580,293. Spring glazing clips. CRITTALL, W. F., and REED, J. June 26, 1944, No. 12142. [Class 20 (iii)] A J-section spring glazing clip has an end portion 2 of its short arm 1 bent at righ angles to provide a surface against which the edge of the glass 8 may rest, while its long arm has its width re. duced from mid-way so that the portion 6 can pass through an aperture 10 in the window frame, against which the shoulders 5 abut, and has ar end portion 7 bent in the direction opposite to that o the short arm to maintain a spring contact with the face 11 of the frame remote from the glass. The clip is preferably produced from thin sheet metal of approximately .010 ins. in thickness.
Patent GB-676483-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric milk-boilers
IPC: H05B1/02
Filed: 1950-05-16
Abstract: 676,483. Thermal switches. VIERSEN, J. H. VAN, and BENDER, C. C. May 16, 1950. No. 12158/50. Class 38 (v). [Also in Group XI] An electric milk boiler (see Group XI) has a switch actuated by the tilting of the milk-containing vessel due to the transference of milk upon boiling from a main reservoir to a separate compartment. The switch may comprise a conventional mercury switch located at the side of the vessel remote from the compartment, or it may comprise a projection 16 which rests on the supporting surface for the vessel during heating, to contact a disc 17, and hence close the circuit through a heating element connected across 14, 15. On tilting of the vessel, the projection 16 is lifted free of the surface, and a spring 18 acts to break the circuit between the projection 16 and disc 17. Fig 6 illustrates a similar switch in which the projection 16 bears on a pivoted arm 19 with a spring 21. If desired the switch may be arranged below a part of the vessel which normally does not touch the supporting surface, the switch acting to break the circuit upon pushing-in of the projection 16. This may be arranged by constructing the arm 19 as a see-saw.
Patent GB-383880-A (GB)
Title: Television method
IPC: H03K4/86
Filed: 1932-04-28
Abstract: 383,880. Television. ARDENNE, M. VON, 19, Jungfernstieg, Lichterfelde, Berlin. April 28, 1932, No. 12194. Convention date, April 29, 1931. [Class 40 (iii).] Relates to television apparatus in which, for the purpose of scanning the picture, film, &c. in greater detail, the rate of scanning varies with the character of the picture &c., in particular with the shading thereof, such, for example, as the system illustrated in Fig. 1. In this system a film 1 advancing line by line is scanned by cathode rays emanating from a Braun tube comprising cathode 5, Wehnelt cylinder 6, anode 7 and a single pair of deflecting plates 8, the light transmitted through the film being diffused by a screen 9 and exciting a photo-cell 10, the voltages being amplified at 11 and passed to the grid of valve 12, the anode circuit of which is associated with the plates 8 and also with a condenser 13 and glow lamp 15 in parallel. By the intermittent charging of the condenser 13 and its discharging through the lamp 15 when the ignition potential is reached, a " tilting " or quick-return oscillating potential is applied to the plates 8 for effecting a uni-directional scanning, the rate of the latter being also dependent on the voltages derived from the valve 12, i.e. on the amount of light passed by the film 1, while the line image appearing on the fluorescent screen 3 is the same as that scanned on the film 1. According to the invention the charging of the condenser 13 is effected through the medium of the saturation current of a diode 16, and the variable rate of scanning is produced by means of a resistance, which is modulated by the picture currents and the value of which is wholly or approximately independent of the circuit to be modulated, such resistance being constituted, e.g. as shown in Fig. 3, by a multiple-electrode valve 17 arranged in parallel with the deflecting plates 8. In this apparatus there is added in the Braun tube a second pair of deflecting plates 19, which are disposed at right-angles to the plates 8 and determine the image frequency, the voltages applied to the plates 19 being regulated by a second " tilting " apparatus 18 similar to the control apparatus 13 .. 16, in combination with a second valve 20 also associated with the amplifier 11. In this case the film 11 is advanced and scanned image by image. Preferably the valves 17, 20 are of the screened grid type with large amplification factors. In a modification, Fig. 4, the modulated resistance takes the form of an additional Braun tube 24, the resistance between the pairs of plates 25, 26 being varied by the changing intensity of discharge of electrons induced by the fluctuating voltage applied to the Wehnelt cylinder 27 by the amplifier 11. The actual scanning is performed by the Braun tube 23 controlled by line and image tilting apparatus 21, 22.
Patent GB-546276-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric blasting caps
Filed: 1940-07-30
Abstract: 546,276. Blasting caps; explosives. HERCULES POWDER CO. July 30, 1940, No. 12358. Convention date, May 17. [Classes 9 (i) and 9 (ii)] A blasting cap with indirect ignition comprises a main charge and a primary charge of a mixture of lead azide with a solid auxiliary explosive such as pentaerythritoltetranitrate, nitro - mannite, T.N.T., tetryl, pentryl, hexogen, solid nitrated sugars, or solid nitrated polyhydric alcohols, so that if the cap is subjected to heating, the auxiliary explosive melts or decomposes without detonation and desensitizes the lead azide, and the cap does not explode. Such caps after misfire are often transferred with blasted material to factories or domestic stoves and cause accidents. The primary charge 3 superposed upon the main charge 2 may be fired direct or indirectly by a detonating mixture 4 of mercury fulminate, potassium chlorate, nitrostarch and charcoal placed in a cavity type plug 6 or by a match-head assembly 11, so that the detonating mixture is partially protected from external heating. Specification 470,418 is referred to.
Patent GB-351636-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to glass furnaces
IPC: C03B5/14
Filed: 1930-04-22
Abstract: 351,636. Gathering glass. UNITED GLASS BOTTLE MANUFACTURERS, Ltd., MOORSHEAD, T. C., and HURLBUT, F. A., 40, Norfolk Street, Strand, London. April 22, 1930, No. 12429. [Class 56.] A glass-gathering furnace comprises a rotary annular trough 1 above which are a number of independently-controlled open-bottomed heating chambers 9 forming a cover for the trough. The heating chambers extend round about half the circumference of the trough, and one of them is made higher than the others to accommodate a feed spout 33 for molten glass, while a part of the trough is left open for the gathering machine. The blocks 18, on which the heating chambers are formed, can be vertically adjusted in pairs by a hand-wheel 29 and screws 26.
Patent GB-107115-A (GB)
Title: Process for Periodically Drenching a Material with a Liquid and thereafter Draining it therefrom.
Inventor: EYTON ADAM TUDOR
IPC: C09C1/16
Filed: 1916-09-02
Abstract: 107,115. Eyton, A. T. Sept. 2, 1916. Lead acetate.-An apparatus for periodically drenching a material with a liquid and then draining and exposing it to the air, described for the production of lead acetate but stated to be of general application, consists of a series of vats 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 arranged one below the other, the bottom of each being at or above the maximum liquid level of the next lower one and each discharging into the next lower one by means of a siphon 3, of which the shorter leg reaches to near the bottom of its vat. Liquor is periodically pumped from a tank 5 by a pump 13 and delivered to the uppermost vat 2 by a pipe 7, the action of the pump being controlled by a float in the tank 5 or any time-control device. Each vat is provided with a perforated tray 11 forming a false bottom on which the lead &c. rests. Sediment is drawn off by pipes 7, 11.
Patent GB-220276-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to reclosing circuit breaker systems
IPC: H02H3/06
Filed: 1924-05-21
Abstract: 220,276. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., (Assignees of Roosevelt, G. H.). Aug. 7, 1923, [Convention date]. Protective arrangements.-In an automaticallyreclosing circuit-breaker system the reclosure of the circuit-breaker after tripping on overload is controlled by a relay inductively related to the load circuit, a sudden change in voltage across the load being produced while the circuit-breaker is open whereby, if the rate of current change is above a predetermined maximum. the relay operates and prevents the reclosing circuit from being completed. A circuit-breaker 3, which, as shown, is of the type described in Specification: 125,279, connects the line 1 from the generator 4 to the line 2 supplying the load 5. The circuitbreaker has a movable contact arm 15 carrying an armature 17 adapted to be held in the closed position by an electromagnet 16 in the air-gap 23 of which is a main conductor 22 adapted when carrying excessive current to displace the flux set up by the holding coil 18 to the right so demagnetizing the armature, 17 and allowing the spring 21 to open the circuit-breaker. An inductive shunt 24 is connected across the breaker contacts to lower the release point with rapidlyrising currents. Also connected across the circuit-breaker is a resistance 9 in series with the primary winding 26 of a transformer S so that after the circuit-breaker is released a limited current continues to flow through the load circuit. The circuit of a time lag relay 11 is completed by auxiliary contacts 34 on the circuitbreaker 3 in its open position; the relay 11 completing in turn the circuit of a contactor 12. This contactor is arranged to engage its upper contacts a short time before its lower contacts are bridged. Thus contacts 36 are bridged completing a maintaining circuit independent of the relay 11 and at the same time a portion of the resistance 9 is short-circuited. If the consequent rate of current variation in the load 5 exceeds a predetermined maximum, due for example to a short-circuit or excessive normal overload, the relay 7 is sufficiently energized from the transformer secondary 27 to open its contacts 33 and prevent the completion of the reclosing coil circuit. The operation of relay 7 de-energizes relays 11, 12, the relay 7 being arranged to bridge its contacts 33 again only after a predetermined interval, when further similar operations of relays 11 and 12 occur until the fault disappears. If the relay 7 is not operated, contacts 37 on the relay 12 are bridged and the coil 25 energized to reclose the circuit-breaker 3. In a modified form, the change of current in the load circuit may be produced by arranging the resistance 9 to be connected to the completely disconnected load circuit after the circuit-breaker 3 has opened, and the relay 7 is connected across a reactance in series with this resistance. The control voltage is taken from the mid-point of a high resistance, connected between circuits 1 and 2, in arrangements where the load is supplied from more than one source.
Patent GB-1523551-A (GB)
Title: Gas-cushion vehicles
IPC: B60V1/16
Filed: 1976-03-29
Abstract: 1523551 Air-cushion vehicles HOVERMARINE TRANSPORT Ltd 25 March 1977 [29 March 1976] 12489/76 Heading B7K An air-cushion vehicle has an additional fan 14 for maintaining the cushion at the desired pressure by either supplying air to the cushion or allowing air to be released from the cushion by backflow. The fan may be driven at a constant speed which under normal conditions causes little or no additional air to be supplied to the cushion, thus serving as a valve to check the escape of cushion air via the fan. Alternatively the motor driving the fan may be controlled by a servo-mechanism sensitive to changes in cushion pressure.
Patent GB-151308-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulic variable speed gears
IPC: B60K17/10
Filed: 1919-05-19
Abstract: 151,308. Cheswright, L. K., and Prieux, L. May 19, 1919. Movable-abutment type.-An hydraulic variable-speed gear comprises a driving drum a, Figs. 2 and 3, provided with rollers c, d having gaps h, i to allow the passage of teeth l, m on the driven drum. The liquid passes from the space r between the drums through a valve-controlled passage t to a chamber and returns through a slot j to the space r behind the rollers c, d. An expansion reservoir v is provided with a spring- pressed piston and safety valve q. The passage t is controlled by a valve n connected to movable members o, p carried by the driving drum.
Patent GB-706400-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the priming of centrifugal pumps
Inventor: CLEMENTS HENRY GEORGE
IPC: F04D9/04
Filed: 1950-05-22
Abstract: 706,400. Centrifugal pumps. KERR & CO. (MANCHESTER), Ltd., J. Aug. 20, 1951 [May 22, 1950], No. 12692/50. Class 110 (1) A primary pump 5 of the liquid-ring type draws air through a pipe 16 and non-return valve 14 from a chamber 7 connected to the suction conduit 3 of the main pump. On completion of priming, a ball float 10 closes a needle valve 11. The pump 5 may be unloaded by opening a relief valve 17. The pump 5 is kept cool by the circulation of water from the pressure side of the main pump through a cooling coil in the tank which supplies make-up water to the liquid ring. The liquid ring may comprise oil instead of water, the cooling coil then not being required. The main pump has two discharge ducts 4. The chamber 7 and the make-up tank may be integral with the casing of the main pump. The pump 5 is driven with the main pump, either directly or through a friction drive.
Patent GB-165610-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in regulating temperature of water heaters, ovens, hot closets, and other heating apparatus
IPC: F24H9/20
Filed: 1920-05-07
Abstract: 165,610. Stott, V. H., and Schofield, L. May 7, 1920. Oven stoves; melting- stoves.-In water-heaters, ovens, hot-closets, or other heating - apparatus wherein a float or inverted cup 5 is employed to regulate the supply of heating medium, a watercirculating pipe or pipes 8 passes from the float chamber 4 into or through or in contact with the tank or oven 2 to be heated and back to the float chamber, the heating medium being positioned under or in the tank, or the float chamber, or both, according to the temperature it is desired to maintained. The use of water in the tank is determined by the temperature desired. A gas-heated cabinet for glue-pots, suitable for a comparatively low temperature, comprises a chamber 1 containing the tank 2 with glue pots 3, and the float chamber 4 containing the float 5 which operates the spring-controlled valve 7, controlling the gas, steam, or vapour supply, through the lever 6 to the burners 12 grouped under the float chamber and spaced under the tank, or the burners under the tank may be omitted if a very low temperature is desired. The tank is heated by the circulating water assisted by the spaced burners. An arrangement for medium temperatures shows the burners arranged chiefly under the tank. In a modification for comparatively high temperatures the pipe 8 and all the burners are fitted under the tank. In a cabinet for liquefying metals, such as lead, the pipes 8 are fitted externally to the sides of the tank, out of influence of the burners.
Patent GB-691318-A (GB)
Title: Planetary transmission gearing
IPC: F16H1/28
Filed: 1950-05-24
Abstract: 691,318. Toothed gearing. DONANDT, H. May24, 1950, No. 12981/50. Class 80 (i). An epicylic reduction gear particularly for electrically driven winches, hoists, &c., comprises a sun gear 2 on a driving shaft 1 in mesh with long planet pinions 13 which mesh in turn with normally fixed internally toothed ring gears 8, 9 and an internally toothed driven ring gear 11. The long planet pinions 13 are not supported by the usual carrier but have extensions 16, 17 which are guided between cylindrical surfaces 22, 23 and 20, 21 on the shaft 1 and a supporting casing 3 respectively so that they are free to move circumferentially to distribute equally the load. The number of teeth on the internal driven ring gear 11 is made slightly different from the teeth on the ring gears 8, 9 so that a reduced speed of a driven member 10 carrying the ring gear 11, and which may also have sprocket teeth 12 externally for driving a chain, is obtained when the driving shaft 1 is rotated. The member 10 is supported in the casing 3 by rollers 24. The ring gears 8, 9 serve as reaction members and are normally held stationary by the friction of springs 27 carried by supporting rings 4, 5 secured to the casing 3 acting against radial flanges on the ring gears 8, 9. This arrangement allows of slip of these reaction gears in the event of overload.
Patent GB-149461-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to signalling systems with special reference to telephonic circuits
IPC: H04M19/02
Filed: 1919-05-23
Abstract: 149,461. Graham, E. A., Rickets, W. J., and Sanftleben, E. A. May 23, 1919. Direct-call systems and apparatus.-A twoconductor bell signalling system is energized by a central direct-current source and each station comprises a current-impulse generator, a thermal relay in series with a condenser and controlling the bell circuit, and a switch controlling the circuits of the relay and impulse generator. The thermal relay may be of the type described in Specification 136,101, [Class 40 (iii), Telegraphs, Electric], and the system may be applied to the telephone system described in Specification 165,814, in which case the thermal relay is connected in series with an inductance and in parallel with a condenser and a signal lamp. The thermal relay may be connected in series with the receiver in order that the latter may generate a " howling " call. The leads 1, 2, Fig. 1, are energized by a central direct-current source 3 through an inductance 4, and each station comprises a vibrating electromagnetic impulse-generator 9, a thermal relay 6 in series with a condenser 7 and controlling the circuit of the bell 8, and a switch 5 controlling the circuits of the relay 6 and generator 9. In the modification shown in Fig. 1<a>, the impulse-generator is in the form of a rotary interrupter 9<a> the operation of which also opens a switch 5<a> in the circuit of the thermal relay 6. Fig. 2 shows the signalling system applied to a telephone system, and the relay 6 is connected in series with an inductance 6<a> and is parallel with a condenser 11 and a signal lamp 10. The receiver 14 is connected between the common terminal of the inductance 6<a>, condenser 11, and lamp 10, and the condenser 7, in order that the receiver may emit a " howling " call. The transmitter circuit is controlled by a switch 15. In a modification the inductance 6<a> consists of a third winding on the telephone transformer, and the circuit of this winding is controlled by the switch 15, Fig. 2. In the modification shown in Fig. 4, the relay 6 is placed in the secondary circuit of a transformer 16, the primary circuit of which is controlled by a switch 15: while in a further modification the transformer 16 is replaced by an autotransformer. In another form, the receiver 14 is placed between the condenser 7 and the lead 2, and the switch 15 is arranged to place the receiver 14 in series with the transmitter across the leads 1, 2 or in series with the relay 6 and condenser 7 across these leads. In the modification shown in Fig. 7, the inductance 6<a> forms one winding of a relay the second winding 6b of which is controlled by the thermal relay 6, while the electro-magnetic relay controls the circuit of the bell 8. In a further modification the receiver 14 is connected in parallel with the lamp 10 and the relay 6.