baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20000007570-A (KR)
Title: Wafer chipping test system and method thereof
Inventor: KO YEON GU
IPC: H01L21/66
Filed: 1998-07-04
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for testing wafer is provided to improve selecting a failed wafer. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of: rotating a wafer with a predetermined revolution per minute; illuminating the wafer to brighten a edge of the wafer; taking a picture of a brightening edge of the wafer; setting a video signal to a predetermined window by an image processor; separating the window into two parts; setting a new sub-window to make the edge lines of the separated windows be located in a same line; measuring a canonical correlation coefficient of the respective sub-window; and comparing the canonical correlation coefficient with a predetermined reference value.
Patent KR-19990013778-A (KR)
Title: 상이한 압력의 두 캐비티간 기밀장치
IPC: F16J15/10
Filed: 1998-07-10
Abstract: 본 분사기(11)는 노즐을 갖는 중공본체(12)와, 중공본체(12)의 원통형 시트(21)에 수용된 밸브본체(26)를 갖는 계량밸브(24)를 가진다. 밸브본체(26)는 고압 연료를 밸브(24)의 조절실(38)로 분배하기 위한 분배캐비티(39)를 가지고 있고, 상기 시트(21)는 대기압의 캐비티(13)와 연통하며, 제어봉(14)은 캐비티(13) 내에서 활주한다. 본 기밀장치는, 상기 시트(21)의 표면(22)과 밸브본체(26)의 일 부분(59)의 외측표면(58)에 마련된 두 쇼울더(53,54) 사이에서 압축되는 환상기밀재(52)를 가짐으로써, 두 개의 표면(22, 58) 사이의 기밀이 충분하도록 한다.
Patent KR-20000008256-A (KR)
Title: Method for recording video with index method for reproducing recorded video
Inventor: LEE YONG JIN
IPC: G11B27/00
Filed: 1998-07-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for recording a video with an index and a method for reproducing the recorded video are to store a searching screen with an index data, record a signal corresponding to the index data when recording a video signal, display the stored searching screen on an external screen, and reproduce the video signal from a recorded position of the searching screen. CONSTITUTION: A method for recording a video with an index comprises the steps of: (S10-S12) setting a searching screen among a recorded video screen; (S13) adding a video screen with the set time and a data for searching the video screen to store; and (S14) recording an index signal corresponding to the stored index data in a recording media. The reproducing position which a user starts the reproduction among several signals recorded in the recording media is quickly and accurately searched.
Patent KR-20000008314-A (KR)
Title: Internet horse racing relay system
Inventor: JIN JUNG CHUL
IPC: G06Q50/00
Filed: 1998-07-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: An internet horse racing relay system is provided to enable a user to participate in an internet real-time horse racing at anytime and anywhere. CONSTITUTION: In the internet horse racing relay system, an analog broadcasting signal and an analog voice signal obtained from a camera at a horse racing stadium are converted into digital signals by a video encoder as a video input device and a video editor. The converted signals are transferred to a web server through a VOD server, and the transferred signals are sent to a homepage. The users are able to participate in the horse racing in real-time, and then shows a horse racing and a batting rate.
Patent KR-19980072183-A (KR)
Title: 옥 분체를 주재로 한 자동차용 핸들커버의 제조방법
Filed: 1998-07-29
Abstract: 본 발명은 옥 분체를 주재로 한 자동차용 핸들커버의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 좀더 상세하게는 옥 분체를 주재로 한 혼합물을 조성하여 커버의 외표면에 스크린 기법으로 일정 크기의 돔형 돌기를 등간격으로 다수개 형성시켜 줌으로써, 미끄럼방지, 지압효과, 외관의 미려함을 함께 얻는과 동시에 옥이 갖는 고유의 파장, 즉 원적외선의 방사에 의한 혈액순환 및 신진대사의 촉진, 노화된 세포의 활성화, 체내 불순물의 배출등 유효작용을 운전자가 그대로 전달받아 기운(氣)을 증가시킬수 있게 함으로써, 운전자의 피로를 저감시키는등 사용자의 건강을 증진시킬수 있게 한 옥 분체를 주재로 한 핸들커버의 제조방법을 제공하는것에 그 특징이 있다.
Patent KR-20000010105-A (KR)
Title: Dehumidifying device of airconditioner
Inventor: SONG KIL HO
IPC: F24F3/00
Filed: 1998-07-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A dehumidification device of an airconditioner is provided to prevent a room temperature from dropping below the set temperature on a highly humid day and perform a dehumidification of the room effectively. CONSTITUTION: The dehumidification device of an airconditioner comprises; a compressor(10) to compress coolant to a high pressure, high temperature state, a condenser(16) to cool off the coolant, a capillary tube(26) to expand the coolant passing from the condenser(6) to the distribution tube(22), a heat exchanger(12) to cool the room by the exchange of heat with the indoor unit as the expanded coolant passes the capillary tube(26), a by-pass tube(28) to pass part of the coolant directly to the heat exchanger(12) without passing through the capillary tube(26) and a solenoid valve(30) to intermit the flow of the coolant.
Patent KR-19980081913-A (KR)
Title: 페트병 라벨 분리장치
Filed: 1998-08-03
Abstract: 본 발명은 짧은 시간에 많은 양의 페트(PET)병 라벨을 자동으로 분리할 수 있는 페트병 라벨 분리장치에 관한 것이다. 상기 페트병 라벨 분리장치는 횡방향으로 배치되는 원통몸체(400)의 일측 상방에 배치되어, 페트병들을 원통몸체(400)의 내부로 공급하기 위한 공급수단(600)과; 상기 공급수단(600)과 연결되어 설치되며, 원통몸체(400)의 내부로 공급된 페트병들을 상기 원통몸체(400)의 중간부로 이송하기 위한 스크류이송수단(410)과; 상기 스크류이송수단(410)과 연결되어 설치되며, 상기 스크류이송수단(410)으로부터 이송된 페트병들의 외주면에 부착된 또는 삽입되어 끼워진 라벨들을 페트병들로부터 분리하고 이송하기 위한 분리수단(420)과; 상기 분리수단(420)과 연결되어 설치되며, 상기 분리수단(420)에 의하여 서로 분리된 페트병 및 라벨들을 이송하여 외부로 배출하기 위한 이송 배출수단(430)과; 상기 원통몸체(400)의 일측에 설치되며, 상기 스크류이송수단(410)과, 상기 분리수단(420)과, 상기 이송배출수단(430)에 구동력을 제공하기 위한 동력수단(500)을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20000013664-A (KR)
Title: Method of manufacturing semiconductor sensor
Inventor: PAEK SEUNG-HO
IPC: H01L21/28
Filed: 1998-08-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: Contact Holes are made through etching with gas containing fluoride (CF4), when CF4 and aluminum on the electrodes react, forming an aluminum fluoride layer on the surface of electrodes. This aluminum fluoride layer oxidizes electrodes, reducing process yield, reducing the reliability of a semiconductor sensor. CONSTITUTION: After electrodes are formed, evaporating a silicon oxide layer or silicon nitride layer forms a protective layer. A photosensitive layer is evaporated for patterning the protective layer. The protective layer is etched by the pattern. Thus contact holes are made. The reliability of a semiconductor sensor is improved by eliminating the aluminum fluoride layer through injection of AR gas into contact holes. The remaining photo sensitive layers are eliminated and wire bonding is processed.
Patent KR-20000014549-A (KR)
Title: Method for installing program of terminal in private switching system
Inventor: LEE SEONG-HOON
IPC: H04M3/00
Filed: 1998-08-21
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for installing a program of a terminal in a hard disc in an online state in a private switching system is provided. CONSTITUTION: A method for installing a program of a terminal in a private switching system, the method comprising the steps of: preparing an install when a first message is received, the first message indicated whether an install in a preservation conservation device from an input/output processing module is performed; transmitting a second message to the preservation conservation device in the input/output processing module when the install is prepared in the preservation conservation device, the second message requests transmission of an information file having information and version information of each file; transmitting the information file to the input/output processing module when the preservation conservation device receives the second message from the input/output processing module; transmitting a third message to the preservation conservation device in the input/output processing module, the third message indicates that requests transmission of a desired file based on the received information file; transmitting the requested file to the input/output processing module in the preservation conservation device when the preservation conservation device receives the third message from the input/output processing module; and storing the file transmitted from the preservation conservation device in the input/output processing module.
Patent KR-20000014793-A (KR)
Title: Semiconductor device forming method
Inventor: PARK JOO SEONG
IPC: H01L27/108
Filed: 1998-08-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A semiconductor device forming method is provided to improve uniformity of an interlayer insulating layer without using CMP(chemical mechanical polishing) process and to reduce generation of inferior goods during an interconnect forming process. CONSTITUTION: A first metal interconnect is formed on a semiconductor substrate. A fourth interlayer insulating layer is formed on the first metal interconnect. The fourth interlayer insulating layer is consisted 'PEOX/O3-TEOS(or plasma TEOS)/SOG/PEOX'. The O3-TEOS(or plasma TEOS) has 5500 ¯ 10000 angstrom thick such that a step generation portion of a part of a capacitor is formed to slop at an angle of 10 ¯ 40 degrees toward horizontal face of the first metal interconnect.
Patent KR-20000015612-A (KR)
Title: Circuit for compensating driving voltage of a horizontal driving transformer
Inventor: NO JIN DU
IPC: H04N3/185
Filed: 1998-08-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A circuit for compensating driving voltage is provided to regularly maintain output voltage of a horizontal driving transformer, regardless of a horizontal synchronization frequency corresponding to a multi-mode of a monitor. CONSTITUTION: A circuit for compensating driving voltage of a horizontal driving transformer has a multi-mode monitor composed of a horizontal driving transformer, which receives driving voltage and generates the induced electromotive force according to the on/off time of the horizontal driving transistor, after receiving the driving voltage. The multi-mode monitor comprises: a micom for outputting the variable direct current voltage of an 0-5V, proportioned to the size of the horizontal synchronization frequency; an inversion amplifier for inversely amplifying the control voltage; a regulator for receiving the amplified control voltage, and supplying the set output voltage, proportioned to the size of the inputted control voltage, to the horizontal driving transformer.
Patent KR-20000018295-A (KR)
Title: Slice vegetables preserved in soy sauce using wax gourd and production process
Inventor: BYUN YOON SEOP
IPC: A23L19/00
Filed: 1998-09-01
Abstract: PURPOSE: Salted foods are provided wherein wax gourd is developed to the slice vegetables preserved in soy sauce which show excellence in preserving of nutrients and effectiveness like fermented foods. CONSTITUTION: The slice vegetables are produced by the following steps of: (1) selecting raw materials; (2) washing the selected wax gourd; (3) stripping the skin of washed gourd and removing fibers and seeds; (4) cutting a flesh at the proper size; (5) soaking the cut flesh in brine and salting for 2-6 days; (6) preparing soup wherein refined rice wine and water are mixed in a ratio of 10: 4, soaking the flesh into the soup completely, adding a mixture of rice bran and fructose in a ratio of 1: 0.3, the crushed natural spice, clove and Saussurea root to the flesh and soaking into the soup; (7) ripening in the storage jar not less than 6 months; and (8) packaging the ripen slice vegetables per the assigned amount.
Patent KR-20000018431-A (KR)
Title: Pipe connection device
Inventor: PARK SIN HYUN
IPC: F16L19/04
Filed: 1998-09-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A pipe connection device is provided to connect the contractive pipe having prominence and depression on its surface and of creased box type not to flow out the transported fluid by a simple operation. CONSTITUTION: A device is composed of: a pipe connection flange(112) inclined to form the outer circumference of the end part becoming smaller as going outward and having projections formed along the outer circumference where the inclination starts; a cylindrical first pipe connection part(114) formed having its one end not to come out by being hung on the projections of the pipe connection flange; a cylindrical pipe connection part(116) combined to the first pipe connection part; and a contractive pipe fixing clamp(118) formed in an annular disk having same inner diameter as the diameter of the depressed part of the contractive pipe and to prevent the coming out of the second pipe connection part combined to the first pipe connection part by being hung on the projection.
Patent KR-20000018507-A (KR)
Title: Box for cultivating sprouted beans
Inventor: YOON JUNG SUN
IPC: A01G31/02
Filed: 1998-09-02
Abstract: PURPOSE: A box is provided to make sprouted beans grow in a uniform thickness and length and cut the sprouted beans's head part or root's bottom at need and wrap quickly. CONSTITUTION: A cutting device(3) to cut sprouted beans's head is installed in the box(1)which has a crevice(14) in which a cutter(30) is inserted, a large number of cultivation box can be piled because of having safe arrival part(16) and hanging chin(17) in the upper and lower main frame. The one side of the box has a crevice(14) in which a cutting device(30) is inserted. A box(1) which comprises upper body(10) and lower body(11) can be separated and any of the box(1)'s walls can be installed and uninstalled. The box has a limiting plate(4) which uniformly divide an internal space and pressing plate(5) equipped with discharging hole. As soon as the sprouted beans grow fully, separate the piled unit box(1) and separate the upper part body(10) from the lower part body(10). In the case of cutting the sprouted beans's head part, insert a cutter(30) into the insertion hole without separating each other and if push strongly the cutter, the cutter's(30) both edge cut the sprouted beans' head part by moving forward the slide crevice.
Patent KR-19990030104-A (KR)
Title: 냉장고
IPC: F25D11/02
Filed: 1998-09-24
Abstract: 본 발명은, 야채실의 냉각 능력을 확보하면서 냉장실의 냉각 능력의 저하를 효과적으로 방지할 수 있는 냉장고를 제공한다.  본 발명의 냉장고(1)는 전면으로 개구되는 단열 케이스 부재(6) 내를 간막이벽으로 구획함으로써, 냉동실(13)과 그 상하의 빙온실(10) 및 야채실(12)과, 또한 빙온실(10) 상방의 냉장실(11)을 형성하는 동시에, 냉동실(13)의 안쪽에 형성한 냉각실 내에 냉각기와 송풍기를 설치하고, 냉각기에 의해 냉각된 냉기를 송풍기로 각 실내에 공급하여 이루어지는 것이며, 야채실(12)에는 냉장실(11) 및 빙온실(10) 내를 순환한 냉기를 야채실 덕트(87)를 거쳐서 공급하는 동시에, 이 야채실 덕트(87)에는 빙온실(10)에 공급되는 냉기의 일부를 직접 공급한다.
Patent KR-19980087852-A (KR)
Title: 컵을 포함한 두종류의 음료수를 넣을 수 있는 피티병
Filed: 1998-09-25
Abstract: 본 발명은 컵을 포함한 두종류의 음료를 넣을 수 있는 PT(피티)병으로서 하나의 PT(피티)병을 이용하여 두종류의 음료수를 마실 수 있으므로 음료수에 대한 선택의 범위를 높이고 각각의 상(A). 하부(B)에 다른색의 음료수를 넣으므로서 소비자들에게 시각적인 효과를 가져올 수 있다.    또한 컵을 포함하고 있어서 어디에서나 편리하게 음료수를 마실 수 있다. 
     하나의 몸체는 상(A). 하부(B)로 분리되어 있기 때문에 접촉부위를 나사이음하여 이동시에 분리되지 않도록 고안되었다.
Patent KR-20000021498-A (KR)
Title: Method for giving nicknames according to nodes in bus system
Inventor: IM SUNG JUN
IPC: H04L12/40
Filed: 1998-09-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for giving nicknames according to nodes is provide to give the nicknames through a user interface, before composing a network by connecting a new product to a bus system by a user. CONSTITUTION: A method for giving nicknames according to nodes in a bus system comprises the steps of: searching whether nicknames exist before composing a new product to a network; displaying a user interface for giving nicknames, when the nicknames do not exist, and inputting the nicknames. The nicknames are string information.
Patent KR-19990036889-A (KR)
Title: 화상 표시 장치 및 화상 표시 방법
IPC: G09G5/39
Filed: 1998-10-07
Abstract: 본 발명의 화상 표시 장치는 표시 스크린에서의 각 화소의 표시 레벨을 저장하기 위한 메모리; 및, 상기 메모리내에 저장된 화소의 표시 레벨을 다음 표시용 화소의 표시 레벨과 비교하여 그 비교 결과에 따라 메모리내에 저장된 화소의 표시 레벨을 업데이트하거나 또는 업데이트하지 않는 제어부;를 포함한다.
Patent KR-20000027056-A (KR)
Title: Oscillator for generating high voltage of flash memory device
Inventor: LEE DONG KI
IPC: G11C17/00
Filed: 1998-10-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: An oscillator for generating high voltage of flash memory device is provided to output a stable high voltage by outputting an oscillating signal having a varied period according to the change of a power supply voltage using a reference voltage. CONSTITUTION: A detecting circuit(100) has a delay circuit(110), a first detecting circuit(120), and a second detecting circuit(130). The first detecting circuit(120) has resistors(111-116) and NMOS transistors(117,118). Resistors(111-116) are connected between a supply terminal of a reference voltage(Vref) and a drain of the NMOS transistors(117). The NMOS transistor(117) has a current path formed between the resistor(116) and the NMOS transistor(118) and a gate connected to a drain. The NMOS transistors(118) have a current path formed between a source of the NMOS transistors(117) and a ground voltage(Vss) and a gate connected to a bias circuit(200). The second detecting circuit(130) has NMOS transistors(121-124) and capacitors(125-127). The bias circuit(200) has an inverter(210) and a MOS transistor(220).
Patent KR-19990037417-A (KR)
Title: 이동 가능한 부재를 구비한 포장 기계
IPC: B65B43/00
Filed: 1998-10-27
Abstract: 본 발명은 한 측부상에서 마모 응력에 노출된 이동 가능한 부재를 구비한 장치, 보다 상세히는 포장 기계에 관한 것이다. 
     근본적으로 소프트- 컵 타입의 담배 팩(10)의 제조를 위한 포장 기계는 접기 맨드릴(15)을 채용하는데, 그 위에서 블랭크(14)가 압력 부재에 의해, 보다 상세히는 압력 로드(19)에 의해, 일시적으로 고정된다.  이들은 한 측부상에서,보다 정확히는 이들이 접기 맨드릴(15)에 떠받쳐 있는 영역에서, 마모 응력에 노출된다.  야기된 작동 결함을 회피하기 위해, 압력 부재, 보다 정확히는 피벗 레버(20)는 특히 부분회전에 의해 간헐적으로 조정되어서 특정 작동 시간 이후에 피벗 레버(20)의 또다른 원주상의 영역이 마모 응력에 노출된다.
Patent KR-20000028335-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus and method for varying recording velocity of optical disk recorder/reproducer
Inventor: CHOI YONG DO
IPC: G11B27/24
Filed: 1998-10-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus and method for varying recording velocity of optical disk recorder/reproducer is provided to perform a stable recording operation by preventing a recording error occurred when a recording velocity set in the initial stage is unsuitable. CONSTITUTION: A reference frame signal generating unit(134) generates a reference frame data as a reference velocity set in the initial stage. A frequency divider(133) divides the generated reference frame data into a reference pulse. A frame signal detecting unit(131) generates a pulse when detecting a frame synchronous data among data outputted from a digital recording signal processing unit(20). An error detector(132) detects an error difference between the reference pulse divided in the frequency divider(133) and the pulse generated in the frame signal detecting unit(131). A microprocessor(125) switches a connecting state of a switch(SW) according to a recording request or a reproducing request inputted from the outside and adjusts a converting velocity of an input data by the digital recording signal processing unit(20).
Patent KR-20000028446-A (KR)
Title: Circuit for automatically compensating tilt of monitor
Inventor: YU JAE MYEONG
IPC: H04N5/44
Filed: 1998-10-31
Abstract: PURPOSE: A circuit for automatically compensating a tilt of a monitor is provided to automatically detect a tilt via a light receiving plate, and to compensate the tilt. CONSTITUTION: A circuit for automatically compensating a tilt of a monitor comprises a tilt compensating coil(L), a light receiving plate(3), a light receiving signal processor(22), a tilt operator(24), a micom(32), and tilt current drive devices including a drive unit(33) and a tilt current compensating unit(34). The tilt compensating coil wounded on a Cathode Ray Tube(CRT) compensates a tilt by inducing a magnetic field according to current size flowing therein. The light receiving plate can detect light by dividing into predetermined blocks and the tilt. The light receiving signal processor reverses a light receiving signal detected through the light receiving plate into a digital signal. The tilt operator outputs directions and strength of the tilt by processing the data, inputted through the light receiving signal processor. The micom induces a tilt controlling signal for restoring slope by tilt data of the tilt operator. The tilt current drive devices controls current flowing in the tilt correction coil according to the tilt controlling signal of the micom.
Patent KR-20000032831-A (KR)
Title: Soundproof structure of barrier of window type air conditioner
Inventor: CHUNG CHUL SHIN
IPC: F24F13/00
Filed: 1998-11-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: A soundproof structure of barrier of window type air conditioner is provided to remove the noise from the outdoor units including the compressor by mounting a vacuum part in the shape of a dual membrane on a barrier. CONSTITUTION: A soundproof structure of barrier of window type air conditioner in which a soundproofing element is mounted to a barrier for separating the indoor unit and the outdoor unit includes a vacuum part in the shape of a dual membrane formed on the barrier(100), a vacuum part(110) protruded toward the inside of the barrier with a predetermined distance, and a compressing part(112) formed on a periphery of the vacuum part, wherein the vacuum part is formed on the barrier by pressing under vacuum.
Patent KR-20000033702-A (KR)
Title: Polymer used for photoresist and composition including the same
Inventor: KANG YUL
IPC: G03F7/031
Filed: 1998-11-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A polymer constituting a resist composition of chemically-amplified type and a resist composition including said polymer are provided which have excellent adhesive force to hymen and strong resistance to dry etching in photo lithographic process that can form fine patterns. CONSTITUTION: The polymer constituting the resist composition of chemically-amplified type is a polymer in which an anthracene derivative is introduced into the tert-butoxy carbonyl group, which is expressed in the following formula, for the reinforcement of resistance to dry etching, and the resist composition including said polymer is composed of copolymer or terpolymer, at least two blending polymers, and PGA(PhotoAcid Generator) capable of generating acid at the time of irradiation of light: (chemical formula), wherein l/(l+m+n) = 0.01 - 0.5 and m/(l+m+n) = 0.0 - 0.5, and preferably (l+m)/(l+m+n) = 0.1 - 0.5.
Patent KR-20000034684-A (KR)
Title: Plasma display panel
Inventor: KWON YANG HO
IPC: H01J11/36
Filed: 1998-11-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: A plasma display panel(PDP) is provided to prevent cross-talk between pixels. CONSTITUTION: A plasma display panel includes a conductive layer(1) formed on a dielectric layer(D) of a front board(P1). The conductive layer(1) faces toward a partition wall(B) on a rear board(P2). The conductive layer(1) is preferably a thin layer of transparent conductive material. The conductive layer(1) constitutes a capacitor together with a front electrode(E1) and the dielectric layer(D). That is, the capacitor is located between the partition wall(B) and the front board(P1). Therefore, an electric charge transmitted to a top of the partition wall(B) is absorbed into the capacitor, and the stored electric charge is then disappeared due to current supplied to the front electrode(E1). Thereby, a movement of the electric charge through a space above the partition wall(B) is intercepted, and cross-talk between pixels is prevented.
Patent KR-20000038940-A (KR)
Title: Composition containing nisin and salix bark extract for oral hygiene improvement
Inventor: KIM MUN MU
IPC: A61K8/64
Filed: 1998-12-10
Abstract: PURPOSE: An oral hygiene composition comprising nisin of natural antibacterial agent and salix bark extract as an active principle is provided which improves oral hygiene and prevents periodontal disease. CONSTITUTION: A crude drug extract of salix bark is obtained by the following steps: (a) dried stem skin of Salix babylonica Linnaeus is dried in the shadow, cut into small pieces and then grounded into powder; (b) 500 ml of 95 % ethanol is added into 50 g of the powder and extracted by soaking for 3 days; the extract is filtered by using Whatman No.1 and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The content of the salix bark extract is 0.001-3 wt.%, desirably 0.001-1 wt.%. The content of nisin is 0.001-3 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition and EDTA(ethylenediaminetetracetic acid), TSPP(tetrasodiumpyrophosphate) or citric acid can be added for enhancing antibacterial effect of nisin.