baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-666153-A (GB)
Title: An improved device for securing railway rails to base plates
IPC: E01B9/48
Filed: 1949-02-17
Abstract: 666,153. Securing rails in chairs. DUNN, W. E. May 12, 1950. [Feb. 17, 1949] No. 4322/49. Class 104 (ii). A railway rail is secured to a base plate 5 by a pair of resilient inturned end branches 8a and 8b, exerting a pressure upon the bottom flanges 2 and 3 of the rail, and by the middle portion 8c of a U-shaped clip 8 bearing against the underside of the base plate 5 or an extension 9 thereof. The extension 9 is recessed at 10 and has a tapered lead 11 terminating in a shoulder 12 to enable the clip 8 to be knocked endwise and retained in position thereon. The underside of the base plate 5 is recessed at 13 or plain or provided with projections to receive the middle portion 8c of the U-shaped clip. In modifications, Figs. 4 and 5 (not shown) one or both end branches 8a, 8b and/or the middle portion 8c are fitted with adjustable screws which bear against the rail flanges 2, 3, and/or the underside of the base plate 5. The clips bearing against the side of the sleeper are stated to prevent rail creep. The clip may also be laminated.
Patent GB-660899-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in blocking oscillator circuits
IPC: H03K4/16
Filed: 1949-02-17
Abstract: 660,899. Pulse generating circuits. PHILCO CORPORATION. Feb. 17, 1949 [March 9, 1948], No. 4368/49. Class 40 (vi). A relaxation oscillator comprises a reciprocally coupled pair of valves in which the anode of one valve is inductively coupled to the grid of a second valve and in which the anode of this valve is coupled to a load resistor in the cathode circuit of the first valve and in which a resonant circuit is connected in the anode to cathode circuit of the second valve. Fig. 1 shows a blocking oscillator circuit in which valves 10 and 20 are reciprocally coupled so that when valve 20 is first rendered conducting a positive pulse is applied via transformer 27 to the grid of valve 10, thus reducing its anode potential and causing valve 20 to pass more current. The effect is thus cumulative until the current flow in valve 20 reaches a maximum and then starts to decrease, the effect is again cumulative and valve 20 is rapidly cut-off until the charge on capacitor 26 leaks away via resistor 24 when the cycle is repeated. The circuit 42, 43, which is tuned to resonance at a frequency somewhat lower than the freerunning frequency of the blocking oscillator, is shock-excited by the current pulse in valve 10 which is produced when valve 20 first conducts so that a voltage as shown in Fig. 2b is present at the anode of valve 10. A saw-tooth voltage, Fig. 2c, is produced across capacitor 26 as it is rapidly charged by the pulse of cathode current in valve 20 and slowly discharged through resistor 24. The resultant voltage at the cathode of valve 20, Fig. 2d, is such that valve 20 conducts only for very short periods and the repetition frequency of the oscillator is a function of both the resonant frequency of circuit 42, 43 and the time constant of network 26, 24. The oscillator has a high-frequency stability with changes in supply voltage since network 40 and 46 tend to produce inverse changes in frequency for a given voltage change. The oscillator may be synchronized by pulses from source 16 applied via the amplitude limiter 19 to the grid of valve 10. Noise pulses of large amplitude which may be present in source 16 are thus limited in amplitude by limiter 19 and unless they occur close to the firing points F, F<SP>1</SP> (Fig. 2d) of valve 20 they have no effect on the synchronization of the oscillator.
Patent GB-311448-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of stable medicinally active salts of para-amino-phenyl-stibinic acid
IPC: C07F9/92
Filed: 1928-02-11
Abstract: 311,448. Carpmael, A., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Feb. 11, 1928. Salts of p.aminophenylstibinic acid are prepared by combining the acid with a secondary amine. The products, which are stable, are useful therapeutically. Examples are given of the preparation of the diethylamine and piperazine salts of the stibinic acid, the latter being obtained by splitting off the acetyl radicle from p-acetylaminophenylstibinic acid.
Patent GB-112552-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Electric Arc Lamps for Projection Purposes.
Inventor: RAILING ADOLPH HARRY
IPC: H05B31/00
Filed: 1917-03-27
Abstract: 112,552. Railing, A. H., Solomon, M., and Angold, A. E. March 27, 1917. Arc lamps.-In a projection lamp using impregnated carbons, the flame is electro-magnetically deflected below the focal axis so that its light is above the main beam and does not illuminate the foreground and the atmosphere in front of an observer below the lamp. For this purpose, a series conductor C may be placed parallel with and above the electrodes, the directions of the current in the conductor and arc being opposite. If the electrode-holders are below the electrodes, they are protected by arranging the conductor C to one side of the electrodes, sa.y at 45 degrees above them, to deflect the arc sideways. The conductor should be less than 2 in. from the electrodes. For currents below 100 amperes, it may be necessary to employ two or more conductors. In the arrangement shown, one electrodeholder A is insulated from its support B but connected thereto by the conductor C and a return conductor C<1> below the electrodes at a greater distance than the repelling conductor C and optionally on the same side as the arc. Electromagnets and pieces of iron are unsuitable for deflecting the arc. Specification 16694/15 is referred to.
Patent GB-1508691-A (GB)
Title: Electrode holder for a multielectrode furnace
IPC: H05B7/101
Filed: 1976-02-04
Abstract: 1508691 Electrode holder for a furnace INST ELEKTROSVARKI IM EO PATENA AKAD NAUK UKRAIN SSR 4 Feb 1976 04427/76 Heading H5H An electrode holder for a multi-electrode arc, plasma arc, or electroslag furnace is composed of a plurality of superimposed electrically conductive plates 1 which are electrically insulated from one another by interposed insulating gaskets 2, each support plate having a plurality of holes corresponding to the number of electrodes and the plates being held together so that the holes are aligned, some of the holes of each plate being provided with contact surfaces 5 from which electrodes 3 are suspended and the remainder being large enough for the electrodes 3 to pass therethrough with clearance. The contact surfaces 5 are frusto-conical or in the form of a truncated cone and cooperate with complementary shaped stubs 4 which are secured to the consumable electrodes 3. Each plate is hollow and supplied with coolant for the contact surfaces 5. Terminal lugs project from each plate for connection to a supply 9. Each plate supports some electrodes 3 whilst allowing the free passage of others. In Figs 1-5 (not shown) instead of the three plate three phase electrode holder shown, a two plate electrode holder is illustrated in which each plate supports two electrodes by its contact surfaces.
Patent GB-524961-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pumping apparatus
IPC: F04F7/00
Filed: 1939-02-11
Abstract: 524,961. Raising liquids. GILKES & GORDON, Ltd., G., and CREWDSON, E. Feb. 11, 1939, No. 4570. [Class 102 (ii)] In apparatus for raising liquids by means of compression waves produced by means of a piston working in a chamber in connection with a suction-pipe, the outlet of the chamber is variably but not completely closed during the piston-cycle by means of a cam-shaped member having a surface which approaches and recedes from the outlet. In the pump shown in the Fig. a housing 1 having suction and delivery openings 2, 12 is formed with a diaphragm 3 supporting an outlet-tube 6, and a cylinder 4 containing a piston 10 operated by a crank shaft 8 which is provided with a cam 11 for variably throttling the outlet tube 6. The opening 12 is formed in an air-chamber 13. Specifications 323,502, 324,598, [both in Class 102 (ii)], and 352,453 are referred to.
Patent GB-727733-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulically operated rolling or drawing mills
Inventor: SPENCER ARTHUR
IPC: B21B35/08
Filed: 1952-02-21
Abstract: 727,733. Rolling; drawing. VICKERSARMSTRONGS, Ltd. May 20, 1953 [Feb. 21, 1952], No. 4611/52. Class 83 (4). In order to maintain a constant tension in the material in a rolling mill or wiredrawing machine in which both the coiler-off and the coiler - on are driven by variable-stroke pump-motor systems, the motor stroke is controlled in dependence on the size of the associated coil and the pump stroke is controlled in response to a first pressure signal depending on the pressure in the pumpmotor circulatory system (and, hence, of the actual tension in the strip or wire) and to an opposing, independently-generated, second pressure signal which includes components corresponding to the desired strip or wire tension and to the compensation required when the direction of rolling is reversed. The invention is described with reference to plant similar in many respects to that described in Specification 727,732. Thus, the control apparatus III and IV, Fig. 1, is identical but the actuation of lever 13 controlling the swash-plate of the motor by control apparatus II is replaced by actuation by a fluid-pressure servo device 360 controlled by a feeler 365 in engagement with the exterior of coil 2. Also, the pressures in the two conduits connecting the pump and motor are applied through conduits 54, 86 to a control apparatus V where the pressure in conduit 54 is applied to one side of a piston 344, Fig. 2, and the pressure in conduit 86 is applied through a reversing valve 328 to a piston 343. Pistons 343, 344 are located on a common stem which carries a centralizing spring 352, and the pistons are also loaded by pressures from conduits 91 and 51 which lead, respectively, from pump 155 to give a component representative of the speed and capacity of motor 12 and from the pressure side of pump 49 to give a component representative of the strip tension required and of the allowance to be made for the direction of rolling. Movements of the stem of the pistons is applied through an hydraulic servo device 55 to the lever 28 controlling the tilt of the swashplate of pump 27A. The speed of the mill rolls 8 is determined by adjustment of the tilt lever 19 of the pump 18 in the pump-motor system driving the rolls. The position of lever 19 is set from the remote station (see Specification 727,731) through a rod 22, Fig. 3, bell-crank 315, a rod 305 which is carried by and slides through a longitudinally-movable rod 307, a bell-crank 302, and hydraulic servo device 20. To compensate for slip in the rolls, the transmission ratio between the two bell-cranks is adjusted by sliding rod 307 longitudinally, thus shifting rod 305 sideways. Rod 307 is actuated from the remote station through an electric motor 313, and worm and screw gearing 311, 308. Limit switches 322, 323 are provided in conjunction with rod 307 and the position of the rod is notified to the remote station through a Selsyn transmitter 319.
Patent GB-472251-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spring devices
IPC: F16F3/02
Filed: 1936-02-15
Abstract: 472,251. Resilient mountings. BABCOCK & WILCOX, Ltd., and NANCE, E. G. Feb. 15, 1936, No. 4690. [Class 108 (iii)] [Also in Groups XII, XXIV, and XXIX] A spring device for supporting pipes, loading valves, &c. comprises at least one long, thin flexible column or strut having a free end or ends and flexed in compression under its critical load so that any relative movement between the load and the support for the device is opposed by a substantially constant force within the elastic limit of the strut. In the device shown in Fig. 6, for loading a boiler safety or other relief valve, the flexible strut comprises oppositely-disposed sets of spring leaves 25 separating a block 22 integral with a rod 23 from a fixed block 21 through which the rod is slidable, the lower end of the rod resting on the valve closure member 34<1>. Inward collapsing movement and undue compression of the leaves are prevented respectively by stops 31, 30. The resistance of the leaves may be varied by means of a member 32, Fig. 4, slidably adjustable on the rod 23 and carrying cams or rollers 34 bearing on the outside leaves. In a modification for supporting pipes &c. the rod is secured to the upper block and passes freely through the lower block which is rockable on a fixed supporting bracket by means of a hemispherical collar interposed between the block and bracket. Initial deflection of the leaves mav be obtained in this case by means of nuts on a screwed part of the rod co-operating with the lower face of the bracket. In another construction, the rod acts only as a guide-rod, the load being applied directly to the upper block. Fig. 9 shows a pipe 38 supported from beneath by spring-leaves 25, the loadapplying member 21 being rotatable about a spindle 47 on the pipe-supporting cap 48, and being slidable in a tubular guide 40 which carries a load-sustaining block 22 and has a longitudinal slot 43 through which the leaves 25 protrude. Axial adjustment is effected by rotating the guide in its screwthreaded base 45. The invention is also shown diagrammatically applied to a belt-tensioning device, a chain grate mechanical stoker, a trolley arm or skate of an electrically-propelled vehicle, and a machine using spring-influenced rollers.
Patent GB-509689-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the preparation of cellulose derivatives
IPC: C08B15/00
Filed: 1939-02-13
Abstract: 509,689. Cellulose derivatives. TENNANT, W. J. (Dow Chemical Co.). Feb. 13, 1939, No. 4727. [Class 2 (ii)] Anhydrous cellulose is subjected to the action of an alkali metal in a medium of liquid ammonia and in the presence of an inert liquid aromatic hydrocarbon at a temperature below 25‹C. and under the vapour pressure of liquid ammonia at the temperature employed. The alkali cellulosate obtained may be subjected to the action of an etherifying agent to form a cellulose ether. The reaction of the cellulose with the alkali metal may be effected at a temperature as low as -90‹C. The reaction mixture containing ammonia and aromatic hydrocarbon as well as alkali cellulosate may be directly reacted with an etherifying agent. An organic solvent for the cellulose ether may be present, and this may be the aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g. benzene, toluene, xylene, or ethylbenzene, employed in the preparation of the alkali cellulosate. Etherification may be commenced at a temperature and pressure to maintain the ammonia liquid, and the ammonia may be permitted to distil off gradually while the temperature gradually rises to room temperature and the pressure falls to about atmospheric at the end of the reaction. The reaction mixture may be discharged into water to precipitate the product and the suspension obtained may be steam distilled to recover solvent and excess of alkylating agent. The cellulose ether may then be filtered from the aqueous solution. The reaction.product may be extracted with a solvent for the cellulose ether which is finally recovered from the solvent. Cellulose ethers obtained include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, allyl, methyl allyl, crotonyl, cinnamyl, benzyl, and mixed ethers. They may be used in the production of filaments, films, lacquers andcoatings. The etherifying agent may be an aliphatic or aryl-aliphatic halide, or aliphatic sulphate. In an example alkali cellulosate is obtained by treating anhydrous cellulose with sodium, anhydrous toluene, and liquid ammonla, the end of the reaction being noted by the disappearance of the .blue colour of the liquid. After distilling off most of the ammonia, ethyl bromide is added to the reaction product so as to form ethyl cellulose. In another example ethyl cellulose obtained according to the process is treated to introduce more ethoxyl. It is suspended in anhydrous toluene and liquid ammonia and treated with sodium. The mixture is then treated with ethyl bromide. In another example, sodium cellulosate is treated with allyl chloride in toluene at low temperature. The product is washed with petroleum ether and then dissolved in a mixture of toluene and ethanol and centrifuged to remove undissolved fibres. The solution may be cast into films or spun into fibres. If the solution or a product deposited therefrom is heated to 60‹-100‹C., the allyl cellulose is changed to an insoluble form.
Patent GB-577229-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to bearings
IPC: F16C33/14
Filed: 1944-03-14
Abstract: 577,229. Bearings. CEMENT MARKETING CO., Ltd., and KEELING, J. March 14, 1944, No. 4758. [Class 12 (i)] A bearing bush or brass has the surface etched and then tinned and whilst still hot has deposited on the tinned surface a layer of wearing metal of a thickness not more than one thousandth of an inch, the strength of adhesion between the tinned surface and the wearing metal thus being that of the intergranular locking.of the two metals. The wearing metal may be deposited by rubbing a pencil of white metal over the hot tinned surface. The inner diameter of the bush is initially machined larger by an amount D/500 for Diesel engine bearings or D/750 for petrol engine bearings where D is the shaft diameter.
Patent GB-475568-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to milk products and processes of manufacturing the same
IPC: A23C9/15
Filed: 1936-02-17
Abstract: A milk product containing over 65 per cent of butter fat in the dispersed phase is produced with a larger proportion of milk solids other than fat than is normally contained in such product. The product may be obtained by adding milk solids other than fat in the form of evaporated or condensed milk or milk powder to the milk or cream from which the product of high fat content is produced by centrifuging, or by first obtaining from the milk or cream a product with the desired fat content, heating it to above 100 DEG  F. to make it more fluid and then incorporating the milk solids other than fat therein.  The product may be diluted with a liquid such as water to give stable products resembling milk or cream, or such as whipping cream, ice-cream, cream cheese, &c.  In a further form, the milk solids other than fat may be added in the liquid used to dilute the cream of high fat content.ALSO:A milk product containing over 65 per cent of butter fat in the dispersed phase and which is to be diluted with a liquid such as water to give products resembling milk or cream or such as whipping cream, ice-cream, cream cheese, &c., is produced with a larger proportion of milk solids other than fat than is normally contained in such a product.  The product may be obtained by adding milk solids other than fat in the form of evaporated or condensed milk or milk powder to the milk or cream from which the product is produced by centrifuging, or by first obtaining from the milk or cream a product with the desired fat content, heating it to above 100 DEG  F. to make it more fluid, and then incorporating the milk solids other than fat therein.  In a further form, the milk solids may be added in the liquid used to dilute the product of high fat content.
Patent GB-554322-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in musical instruments of the piano type
IPC: G10D13/08
Filed: 1942-04-13
Abstract: 554,322. Musical instruments. LAWLER, 'J. April 13, 1942, No. 4830. [Class 88 (ii)] In piano-type instruments wherein the notes are' produced by striking a series of bells, the hammer 13 of each key 4 ... 4n is arranged,to strike upon the outer surface of one of a corresponding number of bells 5 ... 5n, 9 mounted axially upon substantially horizontal rods 6, 8 below the level of the keyboard. The bells are of diminishing diameter and tone depth progressively from the left to the right hand side of the instrument, and they are arranged so that their mouths face towards the right hand side. The hammers are straight and have a curved striking face. They are pivotally mounted in brackets 14 upon the rear and front edges of a cross-bar 15 and are operated by wires or cords 16 from the keys 4. The hammers carry dampers 21 and are pressed towards their inoperative position by wire or strip springs 23
Patent GB-1092694-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing dicarboxylic acids
Inventor: RUDKOVSKY DAVID MOISEEVICH
IPC: C07C51/14
Filed: 1965-02-04
Abstract: Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing 6 or more carbon atoms are prepared by reacting a diolefin, or a mixture of diolefins, water and carbon monoxide at a temperature above 100 DEG  C. and a pressure above 50 atm. in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl and a tertiary amine.  Pyridine is the preferred amine.  The cobalt carbonyl may be formed in situ from another cobalt derivative.  It is preferred to operate in the presence of a solvent for diolefins and water, e.g. acetone, dioxan, to provide a homogeneous reaction mixture.  In examples, adipic, a -methylglutaric and ethyl succinic acids, together with some by-product valeric acid, are obtained from butadiene, a C7 dicarboxylic acid from technical piperylene and C8 dicarboxylic acids, including suberic acid, from 1,5-hexadiene. The acids may be isolated from fractional distillation and/or crystallization.
Patent GB-662952-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to self-starting synchronous motors
IPC: H02K7/118
Filed: 1949-02-23
Abstract: 662,952. Mechanism for ensuring uni-directional rotation. FERRANTI, Ltd., and CLUDERAY, E. S. Feb. 23, 1950 [Feb. 23, 1949], No. 4886/49. Class 80 (iv) A device for ensuring uni-directional rotation of a synchronous motor comprises a pawl 20 pivotally supported on the motor stator and adapted to engage with a cam edge 22 on the rotor shaft 12 when rotation in an anti-clockwise direction is attempted, the pawl being moved into engagement by the attraction of the poles 30, 31, 32 of the rotor on a soft iron armature 24 secured to the pawl 20 by a stay 25. On rotation in the clockwise direction the armature 24 is drawn to move the pawl 20 clear of the cam 22 against a stop 33. Alternatively the armature 24 may be of a highly conductive material such as copper in which a field set up by eddy currents is attracted by the rotor poles. Specification 477,835, [Group XXXV], is referred to.
Patent GB-824287-A (GB)
Title: Oxidation of copolymers of conjugated dienes
IPC: C08C19/04
Filed: 1956-02-16
Abstract: Liquid copolymers of conjugated diolefins and ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable therewith are contacted with oxygen at 20 DEG  to 150 DEG  C. for 1 hour to four days or until at least 0.05%, e.g. 0.05 to 8% by weight of the polymer, of oxygen has been incorporated in the polymer.  Specified diolefins are butadiene, isoprene, dimethyl butadiene, piperylene and methyl pentadiene. Specified comonomers are styrene, para methyl styrene, dimethyl styrene, diethyl styrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl isobutyl ether, methyl vinyl ketone and methyl isopropenyl ketone. Oxygen may be introduced into the polymer by blowing in air or oxygen through a porous thimble or distributing plate in the presence of catalysts, e.g. cobalt, lead, iron or manganese naphthenates or octoates, optionally together with peroxides, e.g. benzoyl peroxide.  The polymers may be prepared by bulk polymerization in the presence of benzoyl peroxide or cumene hydroperoxide, or preferably by solution polymerization in mineral spirits, butane, benzene, xylene, naphtha or cyclohexane in the presence of sodium, isopropanol and modifiers, e.g. dioxane, methyl ethyl ethyl ether, dibutyl ether or phenetole, the catalyst being thereafter destroyed by excess isopropanol, carbon dioxide or acetic acid.  The products are drying oils which may be used as enamel bases and mixed with pigments, e.g. carbon black, titanium dioxide and lead pigments, solvents, e.g. Varsol, mineral spirits, white oil, naphthas, benzene and xylene, and other drying oils, e.g. linseed oil, tung oil and soyabean oil.