Patent GB-190411671-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Automatic Hydraulic Presses.
Inventor: ARMAND JEAN AUGUSTE
Filed: 1904-05-20
Granted: 1905-05-20
Abstract: 11,671. Armand, J. A., and Deoune. M. L. C. May 30, A.D. 1903, [date applied for under Patents Act, A.D. 1901]. Fatty oils, extracting. Relates to hydraulic presses for extracting oils and the like, and con sists in making the action of such a press automatic and in making the sides of the chambers for holding the grain movable and operated by hydraulic rams, so that the grain can be subjected to a preliminary horizontal pressing before the vertical plunger operates. Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of the apparatus, in which the grain is placed in the filtering-vessel hand receives a preliminary crushing by the plates j<1> of the rams j. The rams k, arranged below the rams j, are in communication with the accumulators, and give the highest pressure by reducing the discharge by one-half or two-thirds o f t h e parallel section it has had during forcing. This pressure balances that arising from the vertical ram d, so that the discharge is proportional to the amount introduced, and the yield of oil is the same. The piston c actuates the rams d, and, by means of a rod d<1>, operates the valve e controlling the flow to its cylinder c<1> and also the valve g controlling the flow to the cylinders of the rams j. Fig. 4 shows one form of the valve e, in which the operating- rod or valve m, moved by means of the rod d', receives water at a reduced pressure, and the distributing-valve in the casing l which valve is moved by this water and thereby controls the flow to the piston c, receives the full pressure of the water. Fig. 5 shows another form of valve in which the operating-valve m receives a reduced pressure and controls the flow of water to the large surfaces of the admission plug o and discharge plug p. The piston c should have a constant pressure at its lower part, and this pressure should be the same as that operating the plugs. The valve has no communication with the lower part of the cylinder c, which is connected with the accumulator. The admission orifice q is connected to a box f provided with a movable diaphragm r, Fig. 6, having a small orifice r' through which the water under pressure is admitted to the cylinder c<1> to ensure that the piston c travels slowly downwards. On the back stroke of the piston, the diaphragm is displaced and frees the discharge orifice f<2>. In order to increase the descent of the piston when the ram encounters no resistance, a supplementary pressure is admitted through the valve s, such, for example, as that arising from the discharge from the chamber p<1> of the valve l. The pistons j operate similarly to the piston c but are not provided with a diaphragm box and may be operated by the valve of the cylinder c<1>. The walls of the filtering-vessels are formed with longitudinal slots, or a number of holes allow the expressed oil to flow away. Fig. 8 shows a modification of the lower part of the filtering-vessels in which the pressing-plates are hinged instead of being fixed to pistons k. Fig. 9 shows another modification of this part in which a vertical piston k causes the movement of two wedges into the bottoms of the filtering-vessels.