Patent GB-1016562-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to bulky polyamide yarn
IPC: D01F6/62
Filed: 1962-10-19
Abstract: A uniformly dyeable "jet-bulked" polyamide multifilament yarn containing 3% to 25% by weight of a poly-(alkylene ether) of molecular weight at least about 1000 (e.g. a polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 6000 to 30,000) uniformly distributed throughout the filaments may be produced by mixing the polyether with the monomeric constituents of the polyamide prior to polymerization or, preferably, by melt blending the polyether with a preformed polyamide, and, in either case, melt spinning the blend and drawing and jet-bulking the filaments thus formed. "Jet-bulking" comprises passing a multi-filament yarn or a continuous filament bundle through a confined zone of turbulent steam or hot air, for example, the filament bundle or yarn may first be fed to a preheater at e.g. 140-160 DEG  C., and then fed at a speed of e.g. 50 to 1200 yards per minute with an overfeed of e.g. 30% to 100% to a bulking jet the body of which may be maintained at a temperature of e.g. about 180 DEG  to 300 DEG  C., and steam may be introduced into the jet at a pressure of e.g. 40 to 260 p.s.i.g.  Polyamide yarns, before bulking, dye uniformly with both premetallized and acid dyes, but variation in dye level is found when the yarns are first bulked and then dyed. Thus when the yarns issuing from the bulking jets are tufted into carpets and dyed with premetallized or acid dyes, a streaked appearance may be presented.  The self-levelling disperse dyes hitherto used have poor lightfastness.  In the example, a bulked 1040 denier yarn consisting of 95% of polyhexamethylene adipamide mixed with 5% of a polyethylene ether glycol of 20,000 mol. wt. is bulked with a steam bulking jet and after twisting is tufted into a loose pile carpet using a jute backing. The carpet is scoured at 180 DEG  F. with 0.25% "Tide" detergent solution and dyed in a described manner with C.I. Acid Red 182 in the presence of surface active agents.ALSO:A uniformly dyeable "jet-bulked" polyamide multifilament yarn containing 3% to 25% by weight of a poly(alkylene ether) of molecular weight at least about 1,000 (e.g. a polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 6,000 to 30,000) uniformly distributed throughout the filaments may be produced by mixing the polyether with the monomeric constituents of the polyamide prior to polymerization or, preferably, by melt blending the polyether with a preformed polyamide, and, in either case, melt spinning the blend and drawing and jet-bulking the filaments thus formed "jet-bulking" comprises passing a multifilament yarn or a continuous filament bundle through a confined zone of turbulent steam or hot air, for example, the filament bundle or yarn may first be fed to a preheater at e.g., 140 DEG -160 DEG C., and then fed at a speed of, e.g., 50 to 1,200 yards per minute with an over-feed of, e.g. 30% to 100% to a bulking jet the body of which may be maintained at a temperature of, e.g., about 180 DEG  to 300 DEG C. and steam may be introduced into the jet at a pressure of, e.g., 40 to 260 p.s.i.g.  Polyamide yarns, before bulking, dye uniformly with both premetallized and acid dyes, but variation in dye level is found when the yarns are first bulked and then dyed.  Thus when the yarns issuing from the bulking jets are tufted into carpets and dyed with premetallized or acid dyes, a streaked appearance may be presented. The self-levelling disperse dyes hitherto used have poor lightfastness.  In the example, a bulked 1040 denier yarn consisting of 95% of polyhexamethylene adipamide mixed with 5% of polyethlene ether glycol of 20,000 mol. wt. is bulked with a steam bulking jet and after twisting is tufted into a loose pile carpet using a jute backing.  The carpet is scoured 180 DEG F. with 0.25% "Tide" detergent solution and dyed in a described manner with C.I. Acid Red 182 in the presence of surface active agents.