baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-123643-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Non-slip Devices for the Wheels of Vehicles.
IPC: B60B15/00
Filed: 1918-03-13
Abstract: 123,643. Alldays & Onions Pneumatic Engineering Co., and Simms, C. E. March 13, 1918. Tyres, non-elastic.-To increase adhesion on soft ground, plates a, each fitted with one or more projections a<2>, are mounted on the wheel rim b, conveniently between the ordinary tread slats c. The attaching-meams shown consists of a hook a<1> at one end of each plate to engage the edge of the rim, and a bolt-hole adjacent the other end. In the construction shown, the lugs a<2> are of wedge-section, the plate a between the lugs being channelled.
Patent GB-1236331-A (GB)
Title: Pressure tube type fuel assembly for nuclear reactor
IPC: G21C3/328
Filed: 1969-02-06
Abstract: 1,236,331. Fuel elements. HITACHI Ltd. 6 Feb., 1969 [9 Feb., 1968], No. 6571/69. Heading G6C. An initial fuel assembly for use in a heavy water moderated, boiling light water cooled nuclear reactor comprises a pressure tube through which the coolant flows, clustered fuel rods within the pressure tube, and at least one solid material within the coolant channel formed by the gaps between the fuel rods, the solid material including burnable poison. The burnable poison serves to suppress both the positive void coefficient and the excess reactivity. Suppression of the positive void coefficient is necessary only in the case of the initial fuel assembly, where slightly enriched uranium is used as fuel. Plutonium-enriched natural uranium made by mixing the plutonium produced in the reactor with natural uranium is used as subsequent supply fuel. As shown in Fig. 1, the fuel assembly comprises fuel rods 1 within a pressure tube 4 with the space 3 between the fuel rods forming a coolant channel. A calandria tube 6 is provided outside of the pressure tube 4 and the space between the two tubes is filled with zirconium alloy foil and CO 2  to form a heat insulating layer 5. The outside of the calandria tube 6 forms a moderator region 7 filled with heavy water. Four rods 2 comprising burnable poison are inserted into the coolant channel 3 between the fuel rods 1. Alternatively, one of the fuel rods is replaced by a rod comprising burnable poison. As burnable poison, Gd may be used in the form of oxides such as natural gadolinia (Gd 2 O 3 ) or alloys, Dy in the form of Dy metal, Dy-Al alloy or Dystainless steel alloy, Hf in the form of Hf-Fe alloy, Hf-Ti alloy or Hf-Nb alloy, and/or B in the form of B<SP>10</SP>-enriched B 4 C. The initial reactor core comprises a plurality of such fuel assemblies and the design is chosen so that the burnable poison burns out when the excess reactivity given to the initial core becomes zero.
Patent GB-1000734-A (GB)
Title: Regenerative heat exchanger
IPC: F28D19/04
Filed: 1962-02-21
Abstract: 1,000,734. Thermal regenerators. G SCHOLL. Feb. 21, 1962 [Feb. 27, 1961], No 6671/62. Addition to 921,168. Heading F4K. In a thermal regenerator of the type described in the parent Specification the valve elements which divide the heat transfer material into sectors are constructed in such a way that in their open position the velocity of gas flow therethrough results in the same ratio of coefficient of heat transmission to wall thickness as that prevailing in the heat transfer material. As shown, the valve elements comprise groups of hollow bodies 13 which are normally spaced apart in their frames 12 but which are distended as at 13<SP>1</SP> and 13<SP>11</SP> into sealing engagement with one another by supplying the higher pressure of one of the heat exchanging fluids to the interiors of the bodies via pipe 30, branch pipe 29, ducts 27, 28 and orifices 43. The internal pressure is released by ducts 32, 33 at the appropriate points in the rotary movement of the bodies. Each valve body 13 is formed of two sheets which are of the same material as those used to form the heat transfer mass and are joined along their edges. Each sheet may have a compound curvature as shown in Fig. 4 and supporting plates shaped to co-operate with the hollow bodies in their distended form may be interposed between the bodies (Figs. 6, 7 and 8, not shown) or the latter may be provided with suitable projections (Fig. 9, not shown). The heat-exchanging media may be flue gas and air.
Patent GB-128687-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Lactic Acid and its Salts and the Recovery of the Volatile Fatty Acid By-products.
Inventor: DESBOROUGH ARTHUR PEREGRINE HE
IPC: C12P7/56
Filed: 1918-04-20
Abstract: 128,687. Desborough, A. P. H., Reilly, J., and Thaysen, A. C. April 20, 1918. Zinc lactate.-In preparing lactic acid by fermentation of sugar solutions with bacterium volutans, the acidity developed by the fermentation is reduced by repeated additions of zinc oxide hydrate or carbonate. The zinc salt is separated by evaporation and crystallization.
Patent GB-393555-A (GB)
Title: An improved method of fixing running parts on their shaft
IPC: F16D1/08
Filed: 1933-03-06
Abstract: 393,555. Securing running parts on shafts. AKT.-GES. BROWN, BOVERI, ET CIE, Baden, Switzerland. March 6, 1933, No. 6812. Convention date, March 5, 1932. [Class 80 (ii).] In a method of fixing running parts on their shaft, particularly in connection with steam and gas turbines, centrifugal compressers. &c., the running parts are fixed both by shrinkage and by resilient rings. As shown, after the keys f have been fitted to the shaft a, the running part b is heated until it expands sufficiently to enable both it and a metal sleeve insert g to be pushed over the shaft. The resilient ring e is then inserted into the recess d in the hub of the part b, being thereby compressed. When, under working conditions, the part b expands and exerts practically no pressure on the sleeve g, it is still held centred by the pressure of the ring e. The sleeve g may be replaced by non-resilient rings h positioned outside the ring e. Specification 214,200, [Class 80 (ii), Gearing, Variable-speed &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-249137-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to bright annealing furnaces
IPC: C21D1/74
Filed: 1926-03-11
Abstract: 249,137. Siemens Elektrowõrme-Ges. March 14, 1925, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. Charges, cooling; gases, supplying. - In an annealing-furnace, in which the charge 1 is heated in an atmosphere of inert gas, the charge is cooled, on the termination of the annealing process, by circulating the inert gas through a furnace 2 and a cooler 6 by means of a pump 5. The cooler 6 may be of the air or liquid type and a modification is described in which this device is replaced by one or more additional annealing-furnaces in which the charge is preheated by the circulating gas.
Patent GB-962209-A (GB)
Title: Multi-vitamin compositions containing fluorides
IPC: A61K33/16
Filed: 1963-02-20
Abstract: An aqueous multivitamin composition comprises an aqueous vehicle having a pH of 2.7 to 3.2, a plurality of water-soluble vitamins including ascorbic acid and up to 0.2 w/v of fluoride ion, dissolved in said vehicle and contained within a high density polyethylene container.  The aqueous vehicle has dispersed therein an edible oil, a plurality of oil-soluble vitamins and an emulsifier.  Specified water-soluble vitamins are thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, panthothenyl alcohol, nicotinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride, ascorbic acid and cyanocobalamin.  The fat soluble vitamins may be vitamins A, D, K and K and esters thereof.  The fluoride ion is present as a water-soluble fluoride salt, e.g. alkaline earth or alkali metal fluoride.  Optional ingredients are (a) flavours, sweeteners and preservatives, (b) stabilizers, e.g. glycerin or eater-soluble nitrites, e.g. sodium nitrite or potassium nitrite. The edible oil is an animal or vegetable oil and the preferred emulsifier is an ethylene oxide polypropylene glycol condensation product.  The aqueous vehicle may contain propylene glycol, methyl a -a -glucoside or polyoxyethylene sorbitol.
Patent GB-474976-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the drying of gases
IPC: B01D53/04
Filed: 1936-03-06
Abstract: <PICT:0474976/III/1> <PICT:0474976/III/2> <PICT:0474976/III/3> In a process for drying protective gases suitable for use in metal heat treatment apparatus and obtained by the thermal decomposition or partial combustion of certain gases, for example, ammonia, in which the drying is effected by means of two or more driers containing adsorbents, alternately used for drying and subjected to regeneration, the hot drier or driers after regeneration is or are cooled at least in part by the passage therethrough of cooled protective gases taken either from the active drier or driers or from the heat treatment apparatus.  In the arrangement indicated in Fig. 1, protective gases produced in a gas generator 1 pass through a cooler 2, catchpot 3 for condensed moisture, valve 4, active drier 5, valve 7, heat-treatment furnace 8, gascirculator 9, oil catchpot 10, valve 7, exhausted drier 6 and valve 4 back to the generator 1.  The driers 5, 6 contain electric heaters (not shown) which are switched in during regeneration.  Air may be added at 11 or 12 to the gases returning from the furnace 8.  When the drier 6 has been regenerated the heater is turned off and relatively cool gases from the furnace cool the drier.  Other cooling means may be provided in addition. Afterwards the valves 4, 7 are changed over so that the drier 6 takes over the duties of drying and the drier 5 is subjected to regeneration and cooling.  In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, gas from the generator 1 passes through cooler 2, catchpot 3, valve 4, active drier 5, valve 7, furnace 8, gas blower 9 and catchpot 10 to the generator.  The drier 6 is regenerated and cooled by an auxiliary circulating system as follows: A gas insulator 11 circulates gas through catchpot 12, valve 7, drier 6, valve 4 and cooler 13.  From this system there is a controlled outlet of gas via pipe line 14 to the suction side of the blower 9, a corresponding supply being provided from the drier 5 to the insulator 11.  In a further arrangement shown in Fig. 3, gas from the generator 1 flows through active drier 5, furnace 8 and exhaust drier 6 back to the generator. When the moisture in drier 6 has been driven off, valves 11, 12 are changed over so that return gas from the furnace 8 instead of passing through the drier 6 passes back to the generator by way of valves 11 and 12.  The drier 6 is cooled by gas passing through a circulator 13, catchpot 14, valves 11, 7, drier 6, valves 4, 12 and cooler 15 back to the circulator 13.  The supply of gas to the circulator 13 is from the drier 5 by line 17, discharge being by line 16 to the blower 9.  In a further arrangement, three driers are used in rotation so that while one is drying, another is being regenerated and the third is being cooled after regeneration.
Patent GB-557643-A (GB)
Title: An improved bath
IPC: A47K3/02
Filed: 1942-05-20
Abstract: 557,643. Baths. HEDGES, E. T. H. May 20, 1942, No. 6888. [Class 26] The bath is made with a flat base 8 connected by curved portion 5 within the flat inclined sides and in one of the curved portions just below where the apertures 2 for the hot and cold water fittings are placed the curve is returned at 6 to form a flat surface in which the waste fittings 4 i placed. An overflow fitting 7 is provided in the side 11 above the fitting 4 . and on the opposite side of the bath in the rim 3 is provided a recess 10 for soap, sponge or other articles. The front of the bath may be enclosed with asbestos or other sheeting.
Patent GB-1420747-A (GB)
Title: Gas sampling probes
IPC: G01N1/22
Filed: 1972-02-15
Abstract: 1420747 Sampling material for entrained gases BRITISH GAS CORP 14 May 1973 [15 Feb 1972] 6902/72 Heading G1B A probe for sampling the gas content of a deformable material, for example soil, comprises a rod 1 having fixed at one end thereof a solid metal spike 2, the rod being arranged to slide telescopically within a tube 3 one end of which is sealed by an anvil 4 which is a sliding fit within a cylindrical tubular handle 5 sealed at one end by a plunger 6 having a concave surface adapted to engage a complementary, convex surface of the anvil and at the other end by a solid collar 7. A compression spring 8 is located within the handle to surround the tube which is provided intermediate its ends with a port 9 in communication, via the annular space 10 between the rod and the tube, with the other end of the tube,  which end is detachably sealed by an abutment surface of the spike. The handle is provided with a guard 11 and preferably is covered with electrically insulating material (not shown). A tube or a rope, for example a wire rope, may replace the rod. In order to take a sample, the spike is placed on the material to be sampled and the handle initially is reciprocated to produce a hammering effect upon the anvil and hence upon the upper end of the tube, whence the spike and the lower end of the tube enter the material with the lower end of the tube sealed by the abutment surface of the spike, and then is subjected to gentle upward strokes to disengage the lower end of the tube from the abutment surface, whence gas entrained in the material being sampled may pass into the  lower end of the tube and flow through the tube to the port.
Patent GB-946325-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hydraulic braking systems for vehicles
IPC: H01T13/41
Filed: 1961-02-24
Abstract: 946,325. Fluid pressure brakes. AUTOBRZDY JABLONEC NARODNI PODNIK. Feb. 24, 1961 [Feb. 27, 1960], No. 6908/61. Heading F2F. [Also in Division F1] A device for augmenting hydraulic brake pressure to the front wheel brake cylinders of an hydraulic braking system of a road vehicle comprises a differential piston 6 of bell-like shape operating in a cylinder 1 which has an axial tube 2 telescopically received within the piston so that the piston skirt operates in an annular chamber 14 of smaller effective crosssectional area than that of an inlet chamber 15, on the opposite side of the piston, the chamber 14 being connected via an outlet 19 to the front brake cylinders, whilst chamber 15 is connected via inlet 18 to a brake master cylinder and via outlet 20 to the rear brake cylinders, there being also a by-pass 13 between the chambers 14, 15 arranged to be closed during initial movement of the piston so that the pressure is initially the same in the two chambers. In the form shown in Fig. 1, a sealing gland 10 secured to the skirt 9 effects the closing of the by-pass 13. The gland 10 is held in place by a main return spring 8 acting on an abutment ring 12<SP>1</SP> a second return spring 7 being provided within the tube 2 and adjustable by a screw 17 to vary the ratio of augmented pressure to master cylinder pressure. In the modified form of bypass shown in Fig. 2, the by-pass passage 29 communicates with a valve chamber in which a spring-loaded valve 21 having a depending stem 22 co-operates with a seat 23. The valve is opened by the engagement of a shoulder 27 with the stem 22 during completion of its return movement, and is closed when the stem 22 is released during initial forward movement of the piston.
Patent GB-1039742-A (GB)
Title: Improvements for recording signs on cathode ray oscilloscopes
IPC: G09G1/18
Filed: 1964-02-19
Abstract: 1,039,742. Selective signalling systems. SOC. NOUVELLE D'ELECTRONIQUE ET DE LA RADIO-INDUSTRIE. Feb. 19, 1964 [Feb. 19, 1963], No. 6909/64. Heading G4H. Characters are formed from selected spots in a 7 x 5 matrix on the screen of a cathode-ray tube. The vertical deflection circuit is supplied with a sine wave a, Fig. 1 (not shown), and the horizontal deflection circuit is supplied with a linear saw-tooth c on which is superimposed a sine wave d having twice the frequency of wave a. The resulting trace is of the form shown at e, the nearly vertical flanks forming the 5 columns of the matrix. The beam is pulsed at selected ones of 7 positions along each flank to form the character. In Fig. 3, mixer 11 combines the outputs of saw-tooth generator 10 and oscillator 7 to provide the horizontal scan wave, and divide-by-two circuit 13 connected to a shaper 8 provides the vertical scan wave via filter 9. Each pulse from shaper 8 is also applied to a delay line R having 7 taps connected to each of AND gate sets 2-6. Counter 13, 14 (the latter dividing by 3) opens gates 2-6 in turn and provides synchronizing pulses for generator 10. The 35 output leads of gates 2-6 are pulsed in turn and are connected to a diode matrix, Fig. 4 (not shown), from which the appropriate pulse train may be selected to form a desired character by brightening the beam of the cathode-ray tube at the appropriate instants in the scan pattern e.
Patent GB-427220-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of barium sulphate and composite titanium pigments containing the same
IPC: C09C1/00
Filed: 1934-03-05
Abstract: Barium sulphate, particularly for use in the preparation of composite titanium pigments, is prepared by adding free sulphuric acid to a barium carbonate suspension in such a manner that no substantial accumulation of free acid in the suspension is permitted, as, for instance, by pouring the acid, very slowly and with agitation, into an aqueous suspension of the barium carbonate.  A catalyst, such as hydrochloric, nitric or acetic acid or barium chloride, may be present, and the reaction is carried out at a temperature preferably below 50 DEG  C.  To produce a composite titanium pigment, the precipitated barium sulphate may be suspended in a solution of a titanium salt which is decomposed hydrolytically by heating, or the barium sulphate may be precipitated in a suspension of titanium dioxide.  Specifications 278,791, [Class 95], and 384,281 are referred to.
Patent GB-563705-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in guards for circular saws
IPC: B27G19/02
Filed: 1943-05-04
Abstract: 563,705. Machinery guards. STEVENS, E. E., AMOS, L. V., and PLASTILUME PRODUCTS, Ltd. May 4, 1943, No. 7017. [Class 80 (iv)] A guard for a circular saw is formed with a transparent section adapted to expose the perimeter of the saw inside the guard and extending to the base or mouth of the guard. The saw 1 rotates in a bench and its projecting portion is covered by a guard comprising outer or side plates 3, 4 and an intermediate arcuate strip 5 all of thick gauge transparent non-inflammable sheet material, such as cellulose acetate or synthetic resin, the material sold under the Registered Trade Mark " Perspex " being mentioned. The inner surface of the strip 5 is concentric with the saw and so are the outer surfaces of all three strips, as shown at 6. The three strips are prolonged at each end into substantially rectangular' lugs 7 to provide adequate overhang. The three strips may be united by a transparent cement and/or by bolts or rivets, and the upper surface 6 can be formed with a lug 9 over which are secured by bolts 12 a pair of inverted U-shaped clips 11 which receive lugs 13 bent from a tubular member 14 of a bracket 10. One terminal part of the strip 5 may be removed so that the side strips 3, 4 form a fork to receive a splitting knife 18. The member 5 may have openings for the removal of swarf, or it may have a hinged part which can be lifted for the same purpose. The lower edges of the three strips are straight and polished. One or both of the strips 3, 4 can be of opaque material.
Patent GB-541332-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to epi-cyclic variable speed gearing
IPC: B62M11/14
Filed: 1940-04-20
Abstract: 541,332. Variable-speed gearing. STURMEYARCHER GEARS, Ltd., and BROWN, W. April 20, 1940, No. 7146. [Class 80 (ii)] Relates to variable-speed gears of the type such as is described in Specifications 483,992 and 519,945, having an epicyclic train combined with alternative ratchet and pawl drives 10, 11, to the final output member 7, and means for coupling the input member 5 to the annulus 16 of the train so as to drive the output member 7 directly through one of the ratchets 11, or indirectly through the planet cage 12 and other ratchet 10. According to the invention two or more coaxial sun wheels 24, 25 are provided with planet wheels engaging a common annulus, means also being provided for introducing any one of the sun wheels into the drive. As shown for a fourspeed gear the suns 24, 25 engage compound pinions 13 and are loose on a fixed axle 1. A sliding dog 23 driven by a member 4 carrying a sprocket 5 may be engaged successively with a dog 18 on the planet cage 12 or dogs 19, 20, on the annulus 12 to give three speeds to the driven hub member 7, the sun 24 engaging dogs 26 on a member 27 fixed to the axle 1. The dog 23 is moved to the right by a key 21a by actuating a control member 21. Strong and weak springs 21c, 22, respectively, are arranged on opposite sides of the key 21a. When the latter reaches its limit of movement to the right, a shoulder 21b on the control 21 engages a key 30 and further movement of the control 21 moves the key 30 axially and compresses the spring 21c. The suns 24, 25 are thus slid axially, the sun 24 becoming free from the dogs 26 and the sun 25 engaging dogs 29 on the axle 1 to give another speed. In a modification, the suns 24, 25 are moved by a separate control member so that each may function in each of the three positions of the dog 23 to give a five-speed change gear. In another modification giving seven speeds, three suns permanently gearing with compound planet pinions are employed. Each sun is loose on the axle but can be locked thereto by a sliding key 33, Fig. 5.
Patent GB-681296-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the purification of alcohols
IPC: C07C29/74
Filed: 1950-03-22
Abstract: Water-immiscible alcohols containing not more than 20 carbon atoms per molecule are purified by distilling the alcohol or mixture of alcohols to remove lower boiling impurities, treating the topped alcohol or alcohols in the liquid phase with an aqueous caustic alkali solution and gas containing free oxygen, separating the alcohol product from the alkali solution and distilling to yield the desired alcohol or alcohols.  The feed may be alcohols made in an Oxo synthesis.  Octyl and nonyl alcohols are specified. The products may be made into plasticizers of good colour.  The final distillation is preferably effected under a vacuum.  Air is the preferred gas-containing free oxygen but oxygen and mixtures of oxygen with inert gaseous diluents may be used.  Sodium hydroxide solution is preferred, e.g. 10-50 per cent.  Thorough mixing without emulsion formation is necessary and emulsion inhibitors may be used. Oxidation inhibitors may also be present. Temperatures generally used are from room to 100 DEG  C.  At steam bath temperatures the contact time is usually about one to twenty-four hours.  An amount of aqueous caustic of from 0.5 to 50 vol. per cent based on the treated alcohol is satisfactory.  Air should preferably be 1 to 100 times the theoretical amount required to convert the mercaptans present to disulphide sulphur and is desirably in excess.  Atmospheric and, advantageously, reduced pressures may be used.  The alcoholic product may be washed before final distillation.  In examples, a C8 (iso-octyl) Oxo alcohol is treated as above described with aqueous sodium hydroxide of strengths varying from 0.5-50, vol. per cent NaOH, and temperatures of 25-100 DEG  C., whilst contact may be first at an elevated temperature, e.g. for 1-6 hours, and then for a further period at room temperature, e.g. 16-24 hours.  Tables are given of various other reaction conditions and the products are evaluated in terms of the colour of their phthalates.
Patent GB-493494-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to candlesticks
IPC: F21V35/00
Filed: 1938-03-09
Abstract: 493,494. Stands. BARKER BROS. (SILVERSMITHS), Ltd., and BARKER, F. E. March 9, 1938, No. 7311. [Class 52 (v)] [Also in Group XI] Candlesticks are made in detachable parts 10, 11, 12 each formed with a socket 13 and all, except the base 10, formed with a spigot 14 adapted to fit the sockets 13. When a short candlestick is required the pillar 11 is omitted. A head 15 carrying branches supporting candle cups 18 may be fitted by its spigot 19 in the candle cup 12.