baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-531224-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to processes of producing a vitamin e concentrate and antioxidant from wheat germ oil, and the products resulting therefrom
IPC: A61K31/355
Filed: 1939-07-14
Abstract: 531,224. Vitamin E. GENERAL MILLS. Inc. July 14, 1939, No. 20566. Convention date, Sept. 24, 1938. [Class 2 (iii)] For producing a concentrate of vitamin E and anti-oxidant, wheat germ oil is hydrogenated and extracted with an alcohol such as methyl, ethyl or propyl alcohol, the alcoholic extract being cooled to remove sterols and glycerides; the alcohol is then distilled off and the residue if desired may be further concentrated by saponification and extraction. In an example wheat germ oil is hydrogenated with palladium chloride and after filtering off the catalyst is extracted with methanol vapour, the methanol extract being cooled to separate sterols and evaporated to dryness. In another example the hydrogenation is effected with nickel on diatomaceous earth and after separating the catalyst the oil is shaken with hot methanol in a separating funnel, the extract being cooled to separate sterols and evaporated as before. Any odour may be removed by treatment with steam in a vacuum. Alternatively the hydrogenation may be effected continuously.
Patent GB-1261093-A (GB)
Title: Discontinuity detector
Inventor: WATSON J P
IPC: G01D5/249
Filed: 1969-04-23
Abstract: 1,261,093. Sensing records; coded scales. R.C.A. CORPORATION. 23 April, 1969 [23 April, 1968], No. 20710/69. Headings G4H and G4M. Perforated records are sensed by conductors embedded in or associated with PTFE which self generates an .electrostatic field, the field being modified by the passage of perforations. A perforated disc with holes selectively positioned in concentric tracks has an associated PTFE backing disc or PTFE plugs are inserted in selected holes of a perforated disc, the field generated by the PTFE being detected by radially arranged probes.
Patent GB-658603-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to noise reduction in electrical transformers and reactors
IPC: H01F27/33
Filed: 1949-08-09
Abstract: 658,603. Transformers and inductances. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., and WELLINGS, J. G. Aug. 9, 1949, No. 20717. Drawings to Specification. [Class 38 (ii)] An electric transformer or reactor having a laminated core on which is placed the winding has at least two magnetic closure members clamped to the core, the closure members forming a casing for the winding and a magnetic path for the leakage flux, the member being of a cross-sectional area such that during operation no vibrations causing noise occur within the closure members. The closure members are each in the form of a shallow trough having a rim thickness greater than the base thickness and they may also be provided with recesses to accommodate terminals.
Patent GB-1453018-A (GB)
Title: Thermoplastic nitrile resins containing minor amounts of conjugated diene units
IPC: C08F236/00
Filed: 1974-05-10
Abstract: 1453018 Nitrile/diene copolymers STANDARD OIL CO 10 May 1974 [23 May 1973] 20748/74 Heading C3P A polymer containing no nitrile homopolymer is prepared by the polymerization of (A) from 80 to 98% by weight of at least one nitrile monomer having the formula CH 2  = CH-CN wherein R is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl or halogen, (B) from 20-2% by weight of butadiene or isoprene, in which at least some of (B) is present during the entire polymerization, and polymerization is effected to a conversion of at least 50% by weight. The diene monomer is preferably in the vapour phase with polymerization preferably being effected in aqueous emulsion at 0 to 100 C. and in the absence of molecular oxygen. In the examples, aqueous emulsions of butadiene and acrylonitrile are polymerized.
Patent GB-1311230-A (GB)
Title: Inertia switching
IPC: B61L23/00
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1311230 Rail vehicle systems; track apparatus DOCUTEL CORP 19 April 1971 [2 Feb 1970] 20882/71 Headings B7L and B7N A rail vehicle 10 is guided along main track 78 or diverging track 80 by divert wheels 34 each mounted in a corner of plate 28 which pivots about the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle to bring a pair of wheels into guiding contact with divert plates 84 and 74 extending parallel to the main or diverging track respectively. Each vehicle includes castor wheels 18 for supporting the vehicle on rails 12R and 12L and capture wheels 20 which engage inclined plates on the rails to retain the vehicles. The vehicles are also provided with a slider plate 22 which forms part of a linear motor propulsion system. The pivoting plate 27 is mounted on support  brackets 30, 32 and is provided in each corner with an over centre spring assembly 38a-38d which urges the plate into one or other of its two  stable positions. The plate is rocked to one or other positions by pneumatically operated ramps 52 disposed in advance of diverging points for co-operation with cam wheels 46 mounted on each outer edge of plate 28. Movement of the plate initially by a ramp and then by the over centre spring is damped by members 44. In the event of power failure when all the pneumatically operated ramps return to their horizontal de-energized positions, the vehicles are retained on the main line as they coast to a halt by fixed ramps, Fig. 13 (not shown), in advance of the diverging points.
Patent GB-494441-A (GB)
Title: Method for synthetically preparing an estrogenic compound
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1937-07-28
Abstract: Synthetic ketohydroxyoestrin is prepared from dehydroneoergosterol by reducing the latter to tetrahydroneoergosterol, and then oxidizing this compound preferably with chromic oxide to the required ketohydroxyoestrin. The reduction of dehydroneoergosterol is preferably carried out by means of sodium and amyl alcohol.  The dehydroneoergosterol which forms the starting material for the process of the present invention may conveniently be prepared from ergosterol via ergopinacone, and neoergosterol.  In an example metallic sodium is added to a boiling solution of dehydroneoergosterol in dry n-amyl alcohol.  Part of the solvent is then removed and the product acidified and extracted with ether to give tetrahydroneoergosterol.  The acetate of tetrahydroneoergosterol is oxidized with chromic oxide in acetic acid solution to give the crude acetate of ketohydroxyoestrin, which is purified by means of its semicarbazide, and then if desired, hydrolysed to ketohydroxyoestrin.  Specification 377,991 is referred to.
Patent GB-732064-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in carburetters including a float chamber
IPC: F02M5/12
Filed: 1952-08-20
Abstract: 732,064. Carburetters. SOLEX. Aug. 20, 1952 [Sept. 20, 1951], No. 20936/52. Class 7(3). A carburetter including a float chamber, in particular with a float of damped type, comprises a well communicating at its upper part with the float chamber below the normal level of fuel in the chamber the outflow of fuel towards the main nozzle device of the carburetter starting from a point of this well situated below the upper part thereof and preferably toward the bottom of the well and the section of this well being such that the velocity of the liquid stream which flows down towards the outlet is lower than the speed of gaseous bubbles towards the surface of the liquid in the well. As shown a partition 20 with or without an orifice 21 is located in the float chamber and provides a space 19 which preserves the fuel flow to the nozzle 7 during changes of speed or direction of a vehicle in which the float chamber is mounted. The arrangement also avoids irregularities in running due to formation of vapour bubbles. These irregularities are accentuated when the float is rather tightly guided at its lower part. The space may extend below the bottom of the chamber 1. The idling device may be fed from the space 19. The section of the space 19 may be about two square centimetres per litre of swept volume of the engine cylinder. The float chamber is preferably turned towards the front of the vehicle. A conventional starting carburetter 12 is provided.
Patent GB-249804-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to air compressors
IPC: F04B39/08
Filed: 1925-08-21
Abstract: 249,804. Gribojedoff, N. March 30, 1925, [Convention date]. Revolving - cylinder pumps. - A compressor cylinder revolves about its own axis, and a stationary annular valve surrounding the cylinder head controls both admission and exhaust, the admission being effected through a space between the cylinder head and a cover plate mounted on the valve, and the exhaust through hollow spaces in the valve. The cylinder is rotated by bevel gear e, f on the crank shaft and the cylinder, and is mounted on ball bearings at top and bottom. It is surrounded by a jacket i which carries an annular valve k surmounted by a two-part cover plate l, m. The valve divides the space around the cylinder into a lower cooling chamber into which air enters. Helical blades z<1> circulate the air which passes out through a pipe p into the upper chamber, which also receives air through holes p<1> in the pipe. The air is guided outwards over the cylinder head by blades z cast on it, cooling the head and entering opposite quadrantal spaces s in the valve which are separated from intervening spaces t connected together by a groove v in the jacket and opening into an outlet w. Ports x in the cylinder connect alternatively with the inlet and exhaust valve spaces.
Patent GB-316662-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric furnaces of the inductor type
IPC: H05B6/16
Filed: 1929-07-09
Abstract: 316,662. Northrup, E. F. Aug. 2, 1928, [Convention date]. Induction furnaces.- The coil 12 extends axially below the charge 10 and a core 14 of magnetic material is arranged in the space enclosed by the part of the coil below the charge. The core is made up of vertical laminations. Laminated strips 16 may be provided to form an external magnetic circuit. These strips may be wound with auxiliary coils connected in series. In a modification the strips are replaced by a coil for eliminating the field external to it. Specifications 301,954 and 316,659 are referred to.
Patent GB-761555-A (GB)
Title: Interferometers
Inventor: PERRY JOHN WILLIAM
IPC: G01B9/02
Filed: 1953-07-29
Abstract: 761,555. Interferometers. HILGER & WATTS, Ltd. July 20, 1954 [July 29, 1953, April 7, 1954], Nos. 21093/53 and 10263/54. Class 97(1) In an interferometer of the Michelson type, which is used for observing an object the thickness and refractive index of, and angle of incidence of.light on; each plate are chosen so that the interferometer can be used with uncollinated light. To make this possible the total path length aberratinonal 'difference must not exceed half a wavelength, and preferably is less than one quarter of a wavelength. A formula is given by which this quantity may be calculated. The interferometer may be incorporated into a microscope and, as shown, light component 9 from half-silvered plate 7 is reflected at 15 into reference objective 18, which is identical with objective 13, through which component 8 passes to and from the reflecting object on work-table 14. A compensating plate 10 and alternative sources of light 1 and 2 are provided. The component 9 is reflected from plane reference surface 19 and the re-combined light reflected at 26 -into the eye-piece 28. Preferably, means are provided for displacing the reference objective 18 latetarallyand may be constituted by a micrometer screw 23 or alternatively, a cam or eccentric 43 may engage a roller 45 on an objective holder 32 laterally moveable in rotatable sleeve 33. Downward movement of lever 42 moves the objective holder to the left against spring pressure maintaining roller 45 against cam 43. Flanges 35, 36, of the objective holder 32 and sleeve 33, respectively, may be separated from one another by ball bearmgs disposed in grooves in their opposing faces.
Patent GB-888650-A (GB)
Title: Process for the reduction of aromatic compounds
IPC: C07C215/76
Filed: 1960-06-15
Abstract: Aromatic compounds containing groups reducible to amino groups are reduced to the corresponding aromatic amino compounds by means of an aqueous solution or suspension of a complex of pyridine or a homologue or a mixture of homologues of pyridine and a ferrous iron salt.  The pyridine-iron complex may have the formula AxFeAc2, where A represents pyridine or a homologue or mixture of homologues of pyridine, x is a whole number of at least 1 and Ac2 represents the anion of a dibasic acid or two anions of a monobasic acid.  The reduction may be carried out using the stoichiometric amount of the pyridine-iron complex or less than the stoichiometric amount together with iron powder or shavings to reconvert the complex to the ferrous iron state. Examples describe the preparation of 1-chloro-4-aminobenzene-2-sulphonic acid, 5,8-dichloro-1-naphthylamine, 2-amino-4-methyl-phenol, 2,4-diaminobenzene-1-sulphonic acid, 1-amino-2-naphthol and naphthalene-1,5-diamine.  Specification 807,383 is referred to.
Patent GB-640225-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for reactivating radio tubes
IPC: H01J9/50
Filed: 1946-07-15
Abstract: 640,225. Cathode materials and processing. HELLIAR, C. July 15, 1946, No. 21190. Convention date, July 25, 1945. [Class 39 (i)] Apparatus for reactivating a thermionic valve having a filament, grid, and plate, preferably a pentode as shown, comprises a rectifier 6, 7, which may be full-wave but is preferably halfwave, having an internal resistance substantially greater than the normal internal resistance of the valve, which supplies a plate voltage substantially higher than normal, and means for supplying substantially normal heating current to the filament. The voltage supplied may be 2-6 times the normal plate voltage, and the ratio of the internal resistance may be 2-3: 1. The rectifier may be connected between the plate 13 and filament 12 or between the screen grid 15 and filament 12, or between the control grid 14 and filament 12. During the eactivation process the plate voltage automatically decreases as the plate current increases and when reactivation is complete the plate voltage is substantially normal. The cathode 12 may be directly or indirectly heated. The filament may be tungsten with 1-2 per cent thorium and a little carbon as reducing agent, or a platinum or Konel core coated with barium or strontium carbonates. Prior art methods of reactivation are referred to, in which the filament is flashed at an abnormally high voltage.
Patent GB-212207-A (GB)
Abstract: 212,207. Friden, C. M. F. Sept. 4, 1922. Multiplying and dividing apparatus. - In totalizing-counter machines for the four rules the laterally movable carriage is provided with a shift mechanism comprising oppositely arranged pawls carried by a manually movable slide adapted to engage abutments on the carriage and oppositely bevelled spring-pressed latches normally engaging said abutments and co-operating with the said pawls so as to permit of a step-by-step movement or a movement of any desired extent. A lever arranged at the front of the machine is adapted to rock a shaft 92, Fig. 3, to the inner end of which is secured a lever 93 having a slot engaging a pin 95 on a slide 96 supported in a frame 97. The frame 97 is provided with two spring-pressed latches 171, 172 adapted to engage the abutments or spaced depressions 98 on the undersurface of the carriage and the slide 96 carries corresponding pawls 176<1> and dogs 174. The pawls 176<1> extend through a slot 178 in the top plate of the frame and are normally held out of engagement with the carriage abutments. When the carriage is moved to the left the right hand dog 174, Fig. 3, engages a roller 173 on the latch 172 and depresses the latch to free the carriage; at the same, time the pawl 176<1> moves up to engage the next abutment and causes the carriage to move one step to the left, the dog passing over the roller 173 permitting the latch 172 to return to hold the carriage. The latch 171 is depressed by reason of its bevelled end and springs into the next depression. The slide is returned to normal position by means of compression springs 187 mounted on a rod 181 between abutments 186 and washers 183 arranged on opposite sides of an ear 182 on the slide 96. To permit the carriage to move freely the latches 171, 172 are withdrawn from engagement with the abutments by manipulating a button at the side of the machine casing. The button is carried on a rod 192, Fig. 4, having inclined faces 193 engaging pins 188 on the back of the latches. Specification 207,858 is referred to.
Patent GB-658762-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in circuits for producing sawtooth oscillations
IPC: H03K4/34
Filed: 1948-08-12
Abstract: 658,762. Saw-tooth generating circuits. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL, Ltd. Aug. 12, 1948, No. 21287. Convention date, Aug. 15, 1947. [Class 40 (vi)] In a saw-tooth waveform generator in which a capacitor is charged periodically through an impedance and subsequently discharged via a series-connected rectifier and a winding of a transformer having a ferro-magnetic core, the voltage across the capacitor being applied to the control grid of a valve which is controlled by synchronizing signals and which has an output circuit inductively coupled to the transformer winding so as to cut-off the rectifier while the capacitor is charging, the amplitude of the sawtooth excursions are limited by saturation of the transformer core during the last portion of the saw-tooth current sweep in the output circuit of the valve. The Figure shows a generator for producing a saw-tooth current in deflecting coils 13. Capacitor 2 charges from battery 3 via resistor 4 until a negative going synchroniz. ing pulse applied to the screen grid cuts-off valve 1 and produces a change in voltage across winding 5 such that rectifier 6 conducts and discharges capacitor 2, when the cycle is repeated. The amplitude of the saw-tooth current flow in the output circuit of the valve is limited by saturation of the core of transformer which causes the inductance of its windings to be very greatly reduced at the peak current conditions. The phase shifting network 16 compensates for non-linearity which would otherwise be produced by the output transformer 14. The transformer core consists of a ferro-magnetic, homogeneous or substantially homogeneous ferrite which is cubic and may be either simple or composite.
Patent GB-883872-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods for producing electrically conductive circuit patterns
IPC: H05K1/00
Filed: 1959-06-22
Abstract: 883,872. Printed circuits. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. June 22, 1959 [June 23, 1958], No. 21304/59. Class 37. [Also in Group XXII] A printed circuit pattern is produced by selectively punching a sheet of conductive material to form a grid leaving preselected areas unpunched, punching these areas to form lands connected to the grid strips, and subsequently removing selected portions of the grid. A copper foil 10 is coated on one side with a thermosetting adhesive, e.g. phenol-aldehyde urea-aldehyde, or melamine-aldehyde, and subjected to a first punching operation programmed to automatically remove selected rectangular areas to leave a grid pattern 14, and unpunched areas 12 (Fig. 1). The foil is then subjected to a second punching operation which removes portions of the areas 12 to leave lands 15 (Fig. 2), connected to the grid by bands 16, 18. A thermo-releasing adhesive, e.g. gum arabic gelatin or polyvinyl alcohol is next applied to the uncoated face of the lands, and a temporary support bonded to it. The grid is then subjected to a third punching process controlled by punched cards which severs the desired circuit (Fig. 4), the unwanted portions of which may then be removed to leave the required cut pattern (Fig. 5). The temporary support 19 is placed with the pattern in contact with an insulated panel in a heated press which bonds the circuit to the panel and releases it from the temporary support. Holes for mounting circuit components may then be punched through the lands. The sequence of the first two punching operations may be reversed, and the thermosetting adhesive applied at any stage in the operation. The automatic operations may all be controlled by punch cards and carried out by a single roving punch, or by rows of punches.
Patent GB-520281-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of lactic acid preparations
IPC: A61K33/06
Filed: 1938-07-18
Abstract: 520,281. Lactic acid preparations. HEIDE, H. C. (Bickel, W.). July 18, 1938, No. 21322. [Class 81 (i)] [Also in Groups III and IV] Solid non-hygroscopic lactic acid preparations useful as medicines, disinfectants &c. are prepared by mixing a salt of lactic acid, or a salt of another acid which will react with lactic acid to give a crystalline lactate, with a proportion of lactic acid more than twice that required to convert all the metallic ions present into normal lactate, and heating until the product is capable of setting. In a typical example, 8.8 gms. of calcium acetate are dispersed in 90 gms. of lactic acid by warming to 60‹C. and maintained at this temperature for ten minutes, after which it sets on cooling. Lactates of other alkaline earth and magnesium group metals, lithium, copper, and iron, are also referred to.
Patent GB-713911-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the purification of the effluents from gas-producing plants
Inventor: TOWNEND FRANK SUTCLIFFE
IPC: C01C3/20
Filed: 1952-08-26
Abstract: 713,911. Treating waste effluents. PERMUTIT CO., Ltd., STEWARTS & LLOYDS, Ltd., and WOODALL-DUCKHAM CONSTRUCTION CO., Ltd., [formerly WOODALL-DUCKHAM VERTICAL RETORT & OVEN CONSTRUCTION CO. (1920), Ltd.] Aug. 25, 1953 (Aug. 26, 1952], No. 21459/52. Class 111. [Also in Group XII] In a process for the treatment of gas works effluent ammoniacal liquor, particularly for the removal of thiosulphate and thiocyanate, a part only of the condensate from the gas is mixed with the effluent and sent to an anion exchange bed, the remainder being used in the cooling spray circuit which comprises sprays 32, in the gas offtake of the carbonizing chamber 10, collector 34, storage and tar separating tank 36 and pump 40. The spray circuit is continuously bled at 50 to an ammonia still 52 to which the effluent from the regeneration of an anion exchange bed 28 is also continuously passed from a buffer tank 66. Distillation with lime in the ammonia still concentrates substantially all these noxious inorganic impurities in the effluent therefrom, which is reduced to one tenth of its bulk in concentrator 60 and then burnt in incinerator 62. The ammonia produced in the ammonia still 52 supplemented, if necessary, by the ammonia from a still 26, condensed in condenser 54 and stored at 56 is preferably used for the periodical regeneration of the anion exchange material in 28 as described in Specifications 592,767 or 685,712. If the carbonizing chamber 10 is a continuous vertical retort the flushing liquid is the aqueous fraction condensing in an electrostatic tar-extractor 14 supplemented, if necessary, by the condensate from cooler 18. If, however, the carbonizing chamber is a coke oven the tar extractor is omitted and all the flushing liquor required is taken from the cooler 18. Most of the condensate from the cooler 18 is stored in tank 24 with the effluent ammoniacal wash liquor from washer 22 which uses dilute H 2 SO 4  or, preferably, fresh water. After distillation in still 26 the liquor passes through the anion exchange bed 28 and active charcoal bed 30, to remove organic compounds, and is discharged In the still 26, NH 3  may come from the top mixed with H 2 S, CO 2  and HCN but the top of still 52 is cooled to about 40‹ C. to prevent this. Tar is stored in tank 38 and the cleaned gas passes through line 44 to a gas holder.