baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1145439-A (GB)
Title: Milling cutters
Inventor: BENTON CLIFFORD LESLIE
IPC: B23C5/22
Filed: 1967-11-23
Abstract: 1,145,439. Milling cutters. RICHARD LLOYD Ltd. 23 Nov., 1967, No. 53376/67. Addition to 1,102,727. Heading B3K. A milling cutter comprises a body 1 having a circular recess 2 in its front face to provide an annular ridge 3 which is slotted to receive throwaway tips which are seated and located on a ring 8 fitting into the recess. The tips are secured by wedges 6 operated by screws 22 having end portions of oppositely handed threads so that axial movement of the screws 22, upon rotation, causes larger axial movement of the wedges. In an alternative embodiment (Figs. 4, 5, not shown) the turnbuckle screws for operating the clamping wedges are disposed radially of the cutter, the inner end of each screw being threaded in the seating and locating ring.
Patent GB-1095638-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vacuum switch contacts
Inventor: REECE MICHAEL PETER
IPC: H01H33/664
Filed: 1965-12-16
Abstract: 1,095,638. Vacuum switch contacts. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Nov. 30, 1966 [Dec. 16, 1965], No. 53446/65. Heading H2B. A vacuum switch contact having an annular ridge formed with radial slots 13 as described in Specification 997,384, is shaped so that the outer diameter of the ridge decreases towards the contact making surface while the radial width of the ridge increases towards the bottom of the slots. The outer slope may extend over the whole or part of the height of the ridge or over the whole height of the contact (Fig. 3, not shown).
Patent GB-1510410-A (GB)
Title: Phenolic ester antioxidants containing thiol groups
IPC: C08K5/37
Filed: 1976-12-22
Abstract: 1510410 Phenolic ester thiols GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO 22 Dec 1976 53523/76 Heading C2C [Also in Division C3] The invention comprises compounds of the formulae and wherein p-C 6 H 2 R 1 R 2  and C 6 H 2 R 1 R 2  are p- and o-, m or p-phenylene radicals respectively each carrying two substitutents, R 1  and R 2  are H, (C 1 -C 10 ) alkyl, (C 5 -C 8 ) cycloalkyl, (C 7 -C 9 ) aralkyl or substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 8 ) and radicals, m is 1 or 2, A -K-O-, -O-Z-O or -S-Z-O- wherein K is (C 1 -C 10 ) alkylene and Z is (C 2 -C 10 ) alkylene, B is -O-Z-O, and Y is -CO-, -O-, -S- or (C 1 -C 5 ) alkylene. They may be obtained by reacting phenols having reactive OH groups of the formulae and with ester forming compounds of the formula wherein E is H or (C 1 -C 3 ) alkyl. Acidic catalysts and solvents may be employed in this reaction. The products are useful as antioxidants for oxidizable organic polymers.
Patent GB-1163952-A (GB)
Title: Improved Adsorption Process for Gas Separation
Inventor: TAMURA TAKAAKI
IPC: B01D53/047
Filed: 1966-11-30
Abstract: 1,163,952. Separating oxygen from gas mixtures. T. TAMURA. 30 Nov., 1966 [30 Nov., 1965], No. 53596/66. Heading B1L. In a method for separating oxygen from air or other oxygen-nitrogen mixtures by preferential adsorption of nitrogen, the adsorbent is prepared by grinding and dehydrating a natural rock material consisting mainly of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3  and H 2 O and containing a total of 1 to 10% by weight of K 2 O, Na 2 O and CaO. The apparatus shown comprises two adsorbers C 1  and C 2  cross-connected so as to operate alternately. In operation, adsorber C 1  is evacuated through valve D 1  and then pressurized by oxygen introduced through valve B 1 . The oxygen/nitrogen mixture is then introduced into adsorber C 1  through valve A 1  and leaves through valve B 1  to be stored in a reservoir, while adsorber C 2  is evacuated through valve D 2  and then pressurized by oxygen introduced through valve B 2 . When nitrogen appears at the end of adsorber C 1 , B 1  is closed and V 2  opened whereby the gas mixture is subjected to further separation in C 2  before leaving through B 2 . When the concentration of oxygen in the gas from C 1  falls to that of the feed gas mixture, valves A 1  and V 2  are closed and A 2  opened to commence the next phase of the cycle in which the feed gas mixture is directed to adsorber C 2 . Alternative arrangements comprises one and three adsorbers respectively.
Patent GB-1286315-A (GB)
Title: Thiazine, thiazoline and thiazolidine derivatives
IPC: C07D279/06
Filed: 1969-11-03
Abstract: 1286315 Thiazine; thiazoline and thiazolidine derivatives CHINOIN GYOGYSZER ES VEGYESZETI TERMEKEK GYARA RT 3 Nov 1969 [6 Nov 1968] 53867/69 Headings C2C and C2P Novel compounds I, II and III in which R 1  is naphthyl (which may be substituted by one or more alkyl, alkoxy, halo, amino, sulphamoyl, carboxy, functionally modified carboxy, acyl or alkyl- or aryl-sulphonyl and/or hydrogenated) and A is or in which R 2  is alkyl, aralkyl or aryl and R 3  is H, alkyl, aralkyl or aryl and their salts are prepared:-(1) by reacting R 1 -NHCSNH 2  with C 2 H 3 X 2 R 2  or C 3 H 5 X 2 R 3  (X = halo) (halo attached to 1 and 2 or 1 and 3 positions respectively); (2) by reacting R 1 -NCS with C 2 H 3 (OH)(NH 2 )R 2  or C 3 H 5  (OH) (NH 2 )R 3  (amino and hydroxy attached to 1 and 2 or 1 and 3 positions respectively); (3) by cyclizing a reactive ester of a compound R 1 NHCSNHC 2 H 3 (OH)R 2  or (4) by reacting R 1 NCS or R 1 -NHCSNH 2  with C 2 H 3 (X)(NH 2 )R 2  or C 3 H 5 (X)(NH 2 )R 3  (halo and NH 2  attached to 1 and 2 or 1 and 3 positions respectively); (5) by reacting a compound IV in which R 4  is alkyl with R 1 NH 2  (6) by reacting R 1 NH 2  with C 2 H 3 X(NCS)R 2  or C 3 H 5 X(NCS)R 3 ; and (7) by reacting a compound V with R 1 NH 2  N-( or 2-naphthyl) .Y1.( 3-hydroxypropyl)-thiourea is prepared by reacting 3-aminopropanol with 1 or 2-naphthyl.isothiocyanate. N-(naphthyl -1) -N1- (3-phosphatopropyl) -thiourea disodium salt is prepared by reacting 3-aminopropyl dihydrogen-phosphate hydrate with naphth-1-yl isocyanate in NaOH. (2-Methyl-naphth-l-yl) isothiocyanate is prepared by boiling the corresponding thiourea with chlorobenzene. (2-Methoxy-naphth. 1-yl) isothiocyanate is similarly prepared. N-(4.chloronaphthyl- 1 )-N<SP>1</SP>-(3.hydroxypropyl)-thiourea is prepared by reacting 3-aminopropanol with the appropriate isothiocyanate. N - (5,6,7,8 - tetrahydronaphthyl - 1) - N<SP>1</SP> - (3- hydroxypropyl)thiourea; N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthyl-2)-N<SP>1</SP>-3-hydroxypropyl) -thiourea; N-(1- acetyl-naphthyl-4 or 7).N<SP>1</SP>-( 3-hydroxypropyl)-thio. urea and N- ( 1-naphthyl )-N<SP>1</SP>-(1-hydroxy-but-2-yl )- thiourea are similarly prepared by reaction of the appropriate aminoalkanol with the appropriate isothiocyanate. Pharmaceutical compositions comprise a compound of Formula I, II or III and a suitable carrier are administered enterally or parenterally and have sedative, tranquillizing, spasmolytic and prolonged hypotensive properties. Pesticidal compositions comprise a compound of Formula I, II or III and an inert carrier.
Patent GB-1563936-A (GB)
Title: Electrical motor control system
IPC: H02P7/343
Filed: 1976-12-24
Abstract: When decelerating DC motors, a reversal of the current direction can occur, that is to say current can flow from the motor to the current source. This phenomenon is a particular problem when the current source is an alternating-current generator (17) and non-commutated rectifiers (18) are connected between this generator and the motor (20). To limit the unwanted current flow, the novel control system contains a power load (21) and an electric control circuit (26) which switches the power load (21) between motor (20) and generator (17) as soon as the counter-EMF calculated from the operating data exceeds the permissible value, in order to achieve better dynamic deceleration and a rapid reversal of the direction of rotation, for example of a vehicle drive motor. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-1334374-A (GB)
Title: Dyein of fibre material
IPC: D06P3/24
Filed: 1970-11-13
Abstract: 1334374 Dyeing polyamides CIBA GEIGY AG 13 Nov 1970 [14 Nov 1969] 54219/70 Heading D1B [Also in Division C2] Non streaky dyeings on synthetic polyamide fibre are obtained by pretreating the fibre at pH 2 to 7 and at 30‹ to 100‹C with a liquor containing an anionic auxiliary of the formula: wherein R is a C 10 -C 19  aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, R' is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy or halogen and M(<SP>+</SP>) is a monovalent cation, then adding a solution of at least one anionic dyestuff at 40‹ to 100‹C and completing the dyeing at 95‹ to 140‹C. The pretreatment liquor preferably contains 1 to 3% by weight of the anionic auxiliary based on the weight of fibre material. The preferred dyes are wool dyes having one sulphonic acid group and the pretreatment and dyeing steps are preferably carried out at the boil.
Patent GB-1463997-A (GB)
Title: Amination of aromatic compounds
IPC: C07B61/00
Filed: 1974-12-18
Abstract: 1463997 Aminating aromatic compounds E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO 18 Dec 1974 [19 Dec 1973] 54655/74 Heading C2C Aromatic compounds which are miscible with ammonia are aminated by reacting them with ammonia at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a conditioned nickel/nickel oxide/zironium oxide cataloreactant system containing an oxide of lanthanum, samarium, holmium, europium, erbium, praseodymium neodymium terbium ytterbium, dysprosium, yttrium or mixtures thereof as a dopant, the mole ratio of dopant to total nickel in the cataloreactant system being 0À001 to 0À05 and the conditioning of the cataloreactant being effected by partial reduction and oxidation.
Patent GB-1256155-A (GB)
Title: Sparking plug cleaner and gauge
Inventor: SADLER FREDERIC CHRISTOPHER
IPC: G01B3/30
Filed: 1969-11-11
Abstract: 1,256,155. Hand scraper. F. C. SADLER. 6 March, 1970 [11 Nov., 1969], No. 55010/69. Heading B4B. [Also in Division F1] A hand tool for cleaning sparking plugs comprises a curved scraper blade 3 secured to a handle 2. The tool may be made of sheet metal of appropriate thickness so that it may be used for setting the gap between the plug electrodes.
Patent GB-1470530-A (GB)
Title: Laser imaging of lithographic plates
IPC: B41C1/10
Filed: 1974-12-24
Abstract: 1470530 Printing plate SCOTT PAPER CO 24 Dec 1974 [17 Jan 1974] 55847/74 Heading G2C A planographic printing plate comprises a layer which contains an organic solvent-soluble negative working diazo compound, carbon particles and nitrocellulose. In an example aluminium sheet is coated with a composition of carbon particles, nitro-cellulose, alkyl resin, cellulose acetate, in butyl acetate, xylene and ethyl cellosolve. An image was etched with an YIG laser beam, which removes the coating in selected areas. The areas irradiated by the laser, become sensitive to U.V. light. The plate is next exposed overall to a carbon arc and developed with an additive developer which develops hardened image areas and removes soluble coating in the remaining areas. The plate then accepts ink in the area struck by the laser beam and accepts water in the non-image areas.
Patent GB-1287638-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic fluid composition
Inventor: SCHULTZ HERMAN SOLOMON
IPC: C10M169/00
Filed: 1969-11-21
Abstract: 1287638 Methyl vinyl ether copolymers GAF CORP 21 Nov 1969 [5 Dec 1968] 57094/69 Heading C3P [Also in Division C5] Copolymers of methyl vinyl ethers and other vinyl ethers of the formula CH 2  = CHOR where R = phenyl or C 3 -C 30  alkyl are prepared using BF 3  diethyl etherate in 1,4-dioxane as catalyst in heptane and/or toluene solution. Diethyl acetal may be used as a chain-transfer agent. The copolymers comprise 20-85 wt. per cent methyl vinyl ether and the co-monomers exemplified are 2-ethylhexylvinylether isobutylvinylether and cetylvinylether. The copolymers are used in mineral oil solution in amounts 4-30 wt. per cent as hydraulic fluids.
Patent GB-1254457-A (GB)
Title: Carburetors for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M3/09
Filed: 1968-12-04
Abstract: 1,254,457. Spray carburetters. NISSAN MOTOR CO. Ltd. Dec.4, 1968 [March 30, 1968(3)], No.57537/68. Heading F1B. The flow passage to a port 20, Fig. 4 or 20<SP>1</SP>,  Fig. 7, providing communication between the idling system and the main induction passage of a carburetter is controlled by a valve member 21 or 21c in response to the vacuum downstream of the throttle valve 10 during over-running to provide additional air-fuel mixture. The valve member 21 or 21c may be connected to a diaphragm 23 subjected to the inlet manifold vacuum through a conduit 27. The flow to the port 20<SP>1</SP> may be controlled in accordance with the vacuum by providing a shaped tip 21c<SP>1</SP> on the valve member which co-operates with a restricted orifice 43. The valve member (21a), Fig. 10 (not shown), may be operated by a solenoid (48) actuated by a diaphragm switch (50) subject to inlet manifold . vacuum. The idling system control valve may be connected to a valving member (62), Fig. 10 (not shown), or the valve actuating diaphram (23), Fig. 9 (not shown), may act as a valve, to open a flow path (40, 41, 42) for additional air to the main induction passage downstream of the throttle valve, simultaneously with the operation of the idling system control valve. The valve member (35), Fig. 8 (not shown), in the idling system may be a ball check valve opened by the vacuum at over-running transmitted through the passage (32) providing communication between the idling system and the main induction passage.
Patent GB-1393556-A (GB)
Title: Television fault annunciator
IPC: H04N5/38
Filed: 1972-12-14
Abstract: 1393556 Television BRITISH BROADCASTING CORP 57846/72 [14 Dec 1972] Heading H4F Operation of a television transmitter 10 is monitored by a monitor 12, detection of a fault condition causing appropriate signals to be inserted in the transmitted signal to cause a message to appear on receivers receiving the transmitted signal; the message may, for example, be "transmitting on low power" or "colour not being transmitted". A timer, 17, may cause the inserted message to flash at intervals, e.g. a 10 second display every two minutes. Fault detection by monitor 12 causes a logic circuit 13 to provide appropriate inputs to a read only memory character generator 14 controlled by synchronizing pulses separated at 15 from the input signal. The message signal may be added in the video section of the transmitter or, after modulation on an RF carrier at 16, in the RF section of the transmitter.
Patent GB-1413138-A (GB)
Title: Alpha-aryl-4-substituted piperidinoalkanol derivatives
IPC: C07D211/70
Filed: 1972-12-15
Abstract: 1413138 Aerosol pharmaceutical compositions RICHARDSON-MERRELL Inc 15 Dec 1972 [28 Jan 1972] 57995/72 Heading C4X [Also in Division C2] Pharmaceutical compositions in the form of aerosols comprise a compound of Formula I in which R is H or OH; R<SP>1</SP> is H or R and R<SP>1</SP> form a second bond; n is 1-3; and Z is thienyl or phenyl, optionally substituted by halo, 1-4C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, di(1-4C alkyl). amino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, morpholino or N-(1-4C alkyl)piperazino; and a gaseous or liquefied propellant such as Cl 2 CF 2  optionally mixed with C 2 H 2 Cl 2 F 2 , together with any cosolvents or wetting agents as may be necessary. Example 16 discloses an aerosol solution consisting of 5% by wt. 4-(α-hydroxy-α-phenylbenzyl) - α - (p - fluorophenyl) - 1 - piperidinobutanol, 35% ethanol and 60% dichlorodifluoromethane, and Example 17 an aerosol suspension consisting of 20% by wt. 4-(α-hydroxy-α- phenylbenzyl) - α - (2 - thienyl) - 1 - piperidinobutanol, 0À5% sorbitan trioleate, and 39À75% each of dichlorodifluoroethane and dichlorodifluoromethane.
Patent GB-1187610-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing Citric Acid
IPC: C12P7/48
Filed: 1967-12-21
Abstract: 1,187,610. Citric acid. KYOWA HAKKO KOGYO CO. Ltd. 21 Dec., 1967 [28 Dec., 1966], No. 58195/67. Heading C2C. Citric acid is produced by culturing a bacterium capable of assimilating hydrocarbons and belonging to the genus Arthrobacter in an aqueous nutrient medium containing n-paraffins as the principal source of carbon, under aerobic conditions at a temperature of 20 to 40 C. and at a pH of 4 to 9, and accumulating and recovering the citric acid from the resultant culture liquor. Advantageously, the nutrient medium also contains at least one additive selected from calcium carbonate, higher fatty acid salts or esters, methanol, or a surface active agent. Preferably strains of Arthrobacter paraffineus are used in a nutrient medium containing n-paraffins having from 9 to 30 carbon atoms.
Patent GB-1247538-A (GB)
Title: Metering apparatus
Inventor: ENGLESSON SIXTEN
IPC: C02F1/68
Filed: 1968-12-11
Abstract: 1,247,538. Dosing apparatus. STENBERGFLYGT A.B. 11 Dec., 1968, No. 58965/68. Heading B1C. Apparatus for mixing proportionately a primary substance and an additive, such as sewage water and activated sludge comprises larger and smaller buckets or scoops 2, 3 tipping about an axis 4; the primary substance flows from the pipe 7 into the bucket 2 which when full discharges into the mixture beyond the wall 6, while the smaller bucket 3 which has filled with additive from the near side of the wall discharges across the larger bucket (see Fig. 2, not shown). In a modification the smaller bucket discharges into the larger through a flap valve (9, see Figs. 3 and 4, not shown). The apparatus is also suitable for mixing liquids with suspensions, powders and granular solids.
Patent GB-1261289-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for levelling the decks of ships
IPC: B21D1/00
Filed: 1969-12-03
Abstract: 1,261,289. Straightening. L'AIR LIQUIDE. 3 Dec., 1969 [20 Dec., 1968], No. 59036/69. Heading B3E.  A method of levelling metal plates e.g. deformed decks of ships by a succession of heating and sudden chilling operations is characterized in that an assembly of areas is treated simultaneously with heat treatments between 850‹ and 950‹ C. the said heat treatments being completed by sudden chilling effected within a time lapse of only a few seconds. Apparatus for carrying out the method comprises a frame, a support 8 carrying an assembly of blowpipes 17, 18, 19 and 20 and water atomizers 33 and 34, tubes to feed the blowpipes and atomizers and also a motor 1 and wheels 2 and 3 mounted on the frame for moving the apparatus over the plates. The support 8 has pivoted beams 11 and 12 for adjustably carrying the blowpipes the beams being supported by rollers 13 and 14 on arms 15 and 16 slidable along the beams 11 and 12. The atomizers spread a water vapour over the area being treated to effect a continuous cooling. A cam 35 driven by the motor 1 actuates valves 39, 41 for reciprocating the support 8 so that the blowpipes and atomizers effect four simultaneous heat treatments over a length of about 10 cm. first on one side of the apparatus and then the other. An electric or compressed air motor is used.
Patent GB-1498403-A (GB)
Title: Vehicle suspensions
IPC: B60G5/00
Filed: 1973-12-20
Abstract: 1498403 Vehicle suspension systems R WRAGG 17 Dec 1974 [20 Dec 1973] 59145/73 Heading B2D In a vehicle suspension system a sub-frame 111, Figs. 1 and 2, is mounted intermediate its longitudinal ends on an axle 110 by means of pairs of rubber/metal sandwich springs 115 connected between the sub-frame 111 and each end of the axle 110, the springs of each pair having their respective axes extending transversely of the vehicle and inclined relative to one another at equal and opposite angles to the vertical. One upper torque rod 120 and two lower torque rods 123 extend between respective axle brackets 121, 124 and brackets 125 depending from the sub-frame 111, and a pair of dampers 126 are connected between the subframe and axle brackets 127. In a tandem axle suspension, Fig. 5, each end of two axles 30, 31 carries a bracket 33 pivotally connected to one end of a balance beam 32 which is connected by a pair of springs 35 to a sub-frame 34, the flexibility of the springs 35 allowing the beam 32 to pivot. A torque bar 39 is connected between the sub-frame 34 and a pillar 38 on the axle 30, and a pair of torque rods 41 and an A-frame 4G are connected between the sub-frame and axle brackets 33 and a pillar 44 respectively on the axle 31. In a three axle suspension, Fig. 11, each end of two axles 80, 82 is connected by a pair of springs 84 to a swing link 83 which is pivotally mounted at one end on a bracket depending from a sub-frame 89 and bears at the other end on a roller 91 carried by a rocker arm 92. A second roller 93 carried by each rocker arm 92 acts on a beam 96 mounted on an intermediate axle 81.
Patent GB-1345629-A (GB)
Title: Pesticidal phsophorothiolate compounds
IPC: A01P7/04
Filed: 1971-12-23
Abstract: 1345629 Thiophosphoric acid esters BAYER AG 23 Dec 1971 [26 Dec 1970] 59937/71 Heading C2P The invention comprises thiolophosphoric acid esters of the general formula wherein R<SP>1</SP> is methyl or ethyl, R<SP>2</SP> is -propyl, X is halogen, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, NO 2 , CN, phenyl, C 1 -C 4  alkyl mercapto, C 1 -C 4  alkylsulphinyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy, C 2 -C 5  alkoxycarbonyl or C 2 -C 5  alkylcarbonyl and m is 1, 2 or 3, X being the same or different when m is 2 or 3, provided that when m is 1, X may not be phenyl or alkoxy and when m is 2 or 3 either at least one X is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, NO 2 , CN, C 1 -C 4  alkylmercapto, C 1 -C 4  alkylsulphinyl, C 2 -C 5  alkoxycarbonyl or C 2 -C 5  alkyl carbonyl or each X is halogen. They may be obtained (a) by reacting a diester halide (R<SP>1</SP>O)(R<SP>2</SP>S)P(O)Hal with a phenol (if desired in the presence of an acid binding agent) or salt thereof of the formula where M<SP>1</SP> is H or a metal or ammonium, (b) by reacting a compound with an oxidizing agent, e.g. H 2 O 2 , this method being applicable when at least one X in the product is S(O)R<SP>3</SP>, wherein R<SP>3</SP> is C 1 -C 4  alkyl, or (c) by reacting a salt in which M<SP>2</SP> is a metal or ammonium with a haidle: R<SP>2</SP>Hal. The products have pesticidal properties and may be used as active ingredients in conventional pesticidal formulations. The compound (C 2 H 5 O)(n-C 3 H 7 S)P(O)Cl is obtained by reacting (nC 3 H 7 S)P(O)Cl 2  with ethanol in the presence of benzene and triethylamine. The potassium salt of O-ethyl-O-4-methylthiophenyl thiophosphoric acid is obtained by reacting the corresponding thionophosphoryl chloride with KOH in the presence of water and dioxan. The potassium salt of O-ethyl- 0(2,4 - dichlorophenyl) thiophosphate is obtained in a similar manner from the appropriate thiophosphoryl chloride.
Patent GB-1356610-A (GB)
Title: Electrophotographic process
IPC: G03G8/00
Filed: 1971-12-29
Abstract: 1356610 Electro-photographic processes FUJI PHOTO FILM CO Ltd 29 Dec 1971 [28 Dec 1970] 60462/71 Heading G2H An electro-photographic process comprises forming a first electrostatically charged layer of toner particles having photo-conductively coated transparent cores on a conductive surface, imagewise exposing the layer, removing the discharged particles, fixing to form a first image and during or after fixing treating the image so that its surface resistivity does not exceed 10<SP>10</SP> ohms/sq.; and then forming a second electrostatically charged layer of photoconductive toner particles on the surface, imagewise exposing, removing the discharged particles and fixing to form a second image. A multicolour image may be so formed. Fixing is preferably by heating or by spraying on solvent or resin solution. The resistance of the first image is preferably reduced by treatment with a liquid which may be incorporated in a fixing solution. Preferred materials are named, a typical fixing-cum-treatment solution comprising polyvinyl-benzyl-trimethyl-ammonium chloride, colloidal alumina acetone, dimethylformamide and methanol.