Patent GB-1198183-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Automatic Beam Intensity Limiter
Inventor: HANSEN ROBERT BRUCE
IPC: H04N5/57
Filed: 1968-03-29
Abstract: 1,198,183. Cathode-ray tube circuits. MOTOROLA Inc. 29 March, 1968 [26 April, 1967], No. 15090/68. Heading H4T. The average D.C. component of a video signal (monochrome or colour) coupled to the display cathode-ray tube by means of a direct current signal path is prevented from exceeding a value above which the tube beam current would exceed a predetermined level. In Fig. 1, which shows an embodiment utilized with a colour television receiver, a voltage indicative of the average beam current, specifically a voltage which varies inversely as the average beam current, is derived from a network 57 (controlling the screen-grid electrodes 60) supplied from the EHT source 50 and a proportion of this voltage is fed via a potential divider 127, 147 to the base of a transistor 132. By adjustment of resistor 147 this voltage is selected to be sufficient to saturate transistor 132 when the current flow in tube 38 is less than the maximum permissible value. Thus, when 132 is saturated, the voltage B + supplied to its collector is fed via its emitter 134 and the brightness control potentiometer 104 to the base of a transistor 144 the voltage at the emitter 146 of which is determined by the setting of potentiometer 104, and is utilized to control the operating potential supplied to the D.C. coupled driver circuits 26, 28, 30 (e.g. transistor 150 in driver circuit 26) so that by adjustment of 104 the D.C. level of the signals applied to the cathodes of the tube is controlled in order to control picture brightness during normal operation. If, during the latter operation i.e. with normal brightness and contrast (potentiometer 86 in video amplifier 20) settings an extremely bright scene should occur, or when tuning between stations where there is no signal to turn the beam "off" the average beam intensity will exceed the predetermined level and thus cause the voltage supplied to the base of transistor 132 to fall so that it is no longer saturated. The voltage at its emitter then falls below the B + supplied to its collector and varies with variations in its base voltage and this reduced voltage is then effective via transistor 144 to reduce the operating potential supplied to the driver circuits 26, 28, 30 so that the average D.C. level of the drive signals supplied to the tube is reduced to a level such that the beam current does not exceed the predetermined level. Thus the circuit operates to prevent the average beam current from exceeding a predetermined level but allows it to vary freely below this level. However, since the voltage supplied to the base of transistor 132 is derived from the EHT circuit which includes the substantial capacitance of the tube anode instantaneous high brightness conditions which cause the beam current to exceed the predetermined level are reproduced since the voltage at the base of transistor 132 cannot change fast enough. Instead of being derived from the network 57 this voltage may be taken from resistor 131 in the primary circuit of the line transformer 51. To prevent the black level from changing when the contrast control potentiometer 86 is adjusted an additional B+ + source is coupled to 86 via resistor 170 to maintain zero drop across 86. Resistors 129 and 138 provide protection and system oscillation is prevented by capacitor 158 and resistor 160 and by capacitors 162 and 164.