Patent GB-706208-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to change-speed gearing
IPC: F16H3/10
Filed: 1951-06-28
Abstract: 706,208. Change-speed gearing. DAIMLER. BENZ AKT.-GES. June 28, 1951 [June 28, 1950], No. 15400/51. Class 80 (2) In a change-speed gear giving four forward speeds and incorporating one-way devices associated with means for rendering them effective or ineffective, at least the intermediate speeds are bi-directional, but in changing from one to the other, there is a transitional gear change position in which a forward-acting oneway device for second speed and a reverseacting one-way device for third speed are rendered operative so that, in that transitional position, the engine can drive the vehicle in second speed and the vehicle can drive the engine in third speed. In the countershaft gear shown in Fig.1, gears 1, 2, 3 free on driving shaft a mesh with gears 1', 2', 3<SP>1</SP> fast on layshaft c and a gear dl fast on driven shaft b meshes with a gear d splined on shaft c so as to be movable to engage reverse. Hydraulicallyoperable clutches k1, k2, k3 connect shaft a to members e1, e2, e3 and a similar clutch k4 connects shaft a to shaft b. Member e1 forms the outer member of a forward one-way clutch f1 associated with gear 1 and of a reverse one-way clutch g2 associated with gear 2. Member e2 forms the outer member of a forward one-way clutch f2 associated with gear 2 and of a reverse one-way clutch g3 associated with gear 3. Member e3 forms the outer member of a forward one-way clutch f3 associated with gear 3, and a reverse one-way clutch g4 is arranged between the shafts a, b. For first speed, clutch k1 is engaged, so that engine can drive vehicle through f1 in first and vehicle can drive engine through g2. in second. For second speed, clutch k2 is also engaged, giving bi-directional second through f2 and g2. To change to third speed, clutch kl is first disengaged, so that engine can drive in second through f2 and vehicle can drive in third through g3. Clutch k3 is then engaged, giving bi-directional third through f3 and g3. To change to fourth speed (direct), clutch k2 is first disengaged, so that engine can drive in third through f3 and vehicle .can drive in fourth through g4. Clutch k4 is then engaged, giving direct bi-directional fourth. In order that the vehicle may roll backwards with a forward speed engaged, the members e1, e2 may each be in two parts with a coned engagement therebetween, so that, when the clutch k1 or k2 is disengaged, the outer members of the one-way clutches f1, g2 or f2, g3 may be capable of relative rotation. A modified form of countershaft gearing has threaded members each acting as a forward and a reverse one-way clutch and associated with a double-acting friction clutch. The epicyclic gear shown in Fig. 10 comprises stepped planets carried by the driven shaft b, suns s, w, an annulus t, clutches q1 q2, q3, brakes p1, p2, p3 and one-way clutches and detents fl, g2, f2-g4, f3-g3. For first speed, q2, q3, pl, p3, are engaged, giving bi-directional first. To change to second speed p1, is first disengaged, so that engine can drive through f2 in first and vehicle can drive in second through g2. Brake p2 is then engaged, giving bi-directional second through f2 and g2. To change to third speed (direct), p3 is first disengaged, so that engine drives in second through f2 and vehicle drives in third through g3. Clutch q1 is then engaged giving bi-directional solid drive. To change to fourth speed (overdrive), q2 is first disengaged, so that engine drives in third through f3 and vehicle drives in fourth through g4. Brake p3 is then engaged, giving bi-directional fourth through g2 and g4. Two other forms of epicyclic gearing are shown, in one of which there are two crossconnected planetary gears.