baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-920853-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to oxidation catalysts
IPC: C07C51/25
Filed: 1961-01-27
Abstract: A catalyst for gaseous phase oxidation of C4 hydrocarbons comprises a mixture of, and/or compound formed between, the oxides of tungsten, phosphorus and vanadium of formula (WO3)x, (V2O5)y, (P2O5)z wherein x=3-24, y=1-12 and z=0,1-1. The catalyst may be prepared by impregnating freshly prepared silica gel with a solution of the ammonium salts of phosphoric, vanadic and tungstic acids.  After evaporation the dried, impregnated silica gel is pulverized, pelleted and calcined at 350 DEG C.  Preferably catalyst particle size is about 50 microns. The catalyst may be used as a fixed or fluidized bed.  The catalyst may contain a compound of formula 2P2O5, 8V2O5, 34WO3 if desired in combination with 32% SiO2.  Another specified compound is <FORM:0920853/III/1> Examples are given.ALSO:Gaseous phase C4 hydrocarbon oxidation e.g. of butene-1 and -2 and butadiene to maleic anhydride with acetic acid and crotonaldehyde by-products is effected in the presence of catalysts comprising a mixture of, and/or compound formed between, the oxides of tungsten, phosphorus and vanadium of the formula (WO3)x, (V2O5)y, (P2O5)z where x = 3-24, y = 1-12 and z = 0.1-1. The catalyst may be supported e.g. on SiO2. The catalyst may be used in fixed or fluidised bed-type reactions. Preferably mixtures of air, hydrocarbon and water vapour are passed over the catalyst, the presence of water vapour facilitating dissipation of heat and permeation of acetic acid in addition to maleic anhydride.  Reaction temperature may be 250-600 DEG C.  Other specified reaction products are crotonaldehyde.  Examples are given.
Patent GB-1447121-A (GB)
Title: Chair shell
IPC: A47C3/12
Filed: 1973-01-23
Abstract: 1447121 Chair shells PEL Ltd 7 Jan 1974 [23 Jan 1973] 3389/73 Heading A4J A one piece chair shell comprises a seat portion 10 connected to a backrest portion 11 by a vertically corrugated section 19 formed integrally with the seat and backrest portions. The shell may be of polypropylene or resin bonded glass fibre. Integral webs (23), Figs. 2 and 4 (not shown), may be provided on the underside of the seat portion. The shell may be attached to an underframe through spigots (9) formed on the underside of the seat portion.
Patent GB-880826-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatic lens casings focusing means for a binocular telescope
IPC: G02B7/12
Filed: 1960-02-01
Abstract: 880,826. Binoculars. D & D CO. Inc. Feb. 1, 1960 [Feb. 13, 1959], No. 3517/60. Class 97(1). A pair of binoculars comprises two lens cases 16 mounted on a bridge 12 which slides along guides 13 in the cases. A rack 18 (Fig. 1) is fixed at 17 to each case and engages a pinion 20 rotatably mounted on the bridge. Pins 22 on the bridge may be moved in slots 21 on the racks to limit the movement of the cases on the bridge. A focusing rod 40 (Fig. 3) is mounted in the binoculars on a screw 42 rotatably attached to the bridge and is provided at its ends with two surfaces 46 parallel to its axis and two surfaces 45 inclined thereto. The eyepieces (or objectives) 30 are mounted in sleeves 33 slidable in the cases and urged by springs 37 so that pins 38 thereon always engage the inclined surfaces 45 when the cases are in their closed positions and the surfaces 46 when the cases are in their viewing position. Hence, when screw 42 is rotated rod 40 will move in the direction A-A and focus the eyepieces.
Patent GB-1069980-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spinning machines
IPC: D01H13/16
Filed: 1966-01-26
Abstract: The invention relates to a spinning machine in which, at each spinning position, there is a yarn-feeler which is urged towards an active position in which it acts to interrupt the feed of the yarn, but which is normally held in an inactive position by the tension of the yarn, retractable locking means being provided for maintaining the feeler in active position at starting-up, all the locking means in the machine being movable into active and inactive positions by a single operating-member.  According to the invention, the operating-member is moved to a position which makes the locking means inactive by a piston moved against the action of resilient means when a cylinder is fed by a pump started when the machine is started and stopped when the machine is stopped, the feed to the cylinder taking place through a conduit having a passage of restricted cross-section, the cylinder exhausting, when the locking-means is returned by the resilient means to active position, through a one-way valve which may be of larger cross-section in parallel with the passage.  The yarn feeding means comprises a driven cylinder (33, Fig. 1, not shown) common to all working-positions, and, at each working position, a presser-roller (3), and a feeler (5) which falls by gravity on yarn-failure, to operate a transmission (D) to move the roller off the cylinder.  To keep the feelers in position when the yarn tension is low at starting-up, at each position there is a finger (6) carried by a common bar (7) which can be moved from a position where the fingers are clear of the feelers, to one where the fingers engage the feelers.  To this end, the bar is connected to a piston (9b) in a cylinder which can be moved against a returning-spring (8) when pressurefluid is admitted behind the piston from a pump (10).  The pump is started when the main motor of the machine is started; to allow the spinning parts to reach working speed before the fingers release the feelers, the pump supplies the cylinder through a restricted orifice (11, Fig. 2, not shown).  The pump is switched off when the main motor is switched off; the cylinder then empties quickly through a oneway valve (12) so that the fingers are moved to restraining position quickly.
Patent GB-828061-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electronic amplifiers
Inventor: BROCKBANK ROBERT ALSTON
IPC: H04B17/40
Filed: 1955-02-07
Abstract: 828,061. Unattended repeaters. POSTMASTER GENERAL. Feb. 3, 1956 [Feb. 7, 1955], No. 3619/55. Class 40 (4). An arrangement for detecting faults in unattended repeaters in a transmission system comprises selecting a narrow band of noise, a test frequency, or a harmonic of a test frequency, from the amplifier output; changing its frequency, feeding the frequency changed signal back to the amplifier input and observing it at the appropriate system terminal. The noise band, test frequency or harmonic, the lastnamed of which may be generated by amplifier non-linearity, is selected by a filter D, Fig. 1 (Prov.), for application to a modulator E and the sideband selected by a filter H is re-applied to terminal 13 of amplifier A. The frequency F with which the signal is modulated may be different for each station and may be locally generated or transmitted over the system. The bands selected by filter H at different stations may be different so that simultaneous testing is possible, or, identical in a system wherein the application of the testing frequency or the modulating frequency may be controlled from the terminal station. In the two-way repeater shown in the Figure accompanying the Complete Specification, the frequency selected by the filter D1 from the LP2 output of amplifier A1 is transposed in modulator E1 to a position in the band transmitted from R to L via filters HP1, HP2. The modulating frequency for the return signal is selected by a filter J1 which may include an amplifying element in order to reduce the power taken from the output circuit. Reference is also made to testing by a pulse technique a system in which the pass-bands of filters D, J and H at all stations are identical. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 656,188 and 738,464.
Patent GB-325090-A (GB)
Title: Rubber shock absorbers
IPC: F16F1/393
Filed: 1929-02-04
Abstract: 325,090. Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft, Ltd., Sir W. G., and Wylie, H. N. Feb. 4, 1929. Indiarubber springs; buffers. - A rubber shock-absorber or buffer for use in the suspension of vehicles or the landing chassis of aircraft comprises inner and outer coaxial members with an interposed rubber sleeve, the maximum diameter of the inner member being less than the minimum diameter of the outer member. The members, when moved towards one another, compress the rubber sleeve radially and subject it to shear deformation in an axial direction. The sleeve 6 shaped as shown in Fig. 3 is mounted between the conical surfaces 5, 3 of the members 4, 2 respectively, and, on axial movement of these members, is compressed to the shape of the housing 2 so that it completely surrounds the surface 5 as shown in Fig. 5. The surfaces of the sleeve 6 are covered by fabric vulcanized to the rubber. The conical part 5 of the member 4 may be hollow and slidable on a longitudinal guide tube, or it may be replaced by a tapered plug of hard rubber vulcanized to the inner surface of the sleeve 6. A guide tube or casing carried by the lower part of the absorber, to which the inner member 5 is secured, may be arranged to encircle the outer member 3, which may be made of deformable material, such as wood or vulcanized fibre, so that it can expand radially outwards under load and frictionally engage the guide tube internally.
Patent GB-231913-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in instructional apparatus for training men in the use of guns and other appliances on board ship
IPC: F41G3/26
Filed: 1917-03-13
Abstract: 231,913. Gilbert, W. R. March 13, 1917. Teaching warfare.-Apparatus for the instruction of the crews of guns, gun-directors, rangefinders, searchlights and other ships' appliances affected by the movements of the ship, comprises a movable platform, carrying the appliance and crew, to which movements corresponding to pitching, rolling, yawing and alteration of course can be imparted. Mechanism may also be provided for imparting a rapid roll and a gradual return movement to reproduce the effect due to discharge of the guns. As shown, the platform 1 is mounted by trunnions 2 in sideplates 3 carried by a support 4 adapted to rotate on a circular track 5. Cam mechanism driven by a motor 11 communicates a rolling motion to the platform 1. A motor, not shown, is provided for rotating the support 4 on the track to indicate change of course, and another motor and cam mechanism impart a yawing oscillation. The quick roll and slow return may be produced by mechanism including an electromagnetically operated clutch, one member of which is in constant rotation, and a dashpot.
Patent GB-617611-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to piezoelectric devices
IPC: H03H3/02
Filed: 1946-02-06
Abstract: 617,611. H.F. heating. BRUSH DEVELOPMENT CO. Feb. 6, 1946, No. 3708. Convention date, Feb. 7, 1945. Addition to 575,068, [Group XL] [Class 39 (iii)] [Also in Group XL (c)] Fig. 2 shows an induction heating process in which a pair of fusible piezo-electric plates 13, 15, having electrodes 11, 12, are placed on an insulating movable belt 32 which causes them to be travelled over a flat insulating support 33 within a water-cooled heating coil 31. A non- conducting weight 25 holds the parts firmly in position during the process. Power is applied to coil 31 from a source 1 under control of a timer 29 to cause the electrodes 11, 12 to be inductively heated, causing fusion of the surface layers of the crystal plates and thus autogenously welding the electrodes to the crystal plates, and welding the plates together. The heating current frequency is in the range of 1 to 15 megacycles. In order to reduce thermal strain, the crystal assembly is preheated electrostatically as shown in Fig. 3, by being passed on a conducting belt 18 between electrodes 8, 10 supplied with potential from a source 14 controlled by a timer 16. The plates are then transferred on to the non-conducting belt 32 for the induction heating process of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows a stack of four plates 40... 43 arranged ready for the heating process. Electrodes having extension leads 53 are applied to the crystals, and the complete stack is held together by insulating plates 50, 51 and rubber bands 52. A satisfactory electrode is formed of a thin layer of a good electrical conductor such as aluminium, silver or gold applied to the crystal and followed by a thicker layer of lead cadmium or indium and finally a second thin layer of the good conducting material.
Patent GB-964776-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the gasification of particulate carbonaceous material
Inventor: DENT FREDERICK JAMES
IPC: B01J8/38
Filed: 1960-02-02
Abstract: The gasification with steam and oxygen of particulate solid ash-containing carbonaceous fuel comprises suspending the fuel in the gases in a fluidized bed having a zone of descending fluidized particles 5, and a zone of ascending particles 4 in a state of dilute fluidization, the whole or greater part of the steam being introduced <PICT:0964776/C4-C5/1> at a different place 9 to the introduction of the oxygen 6, separating the carbonaceous dust carried out of the bed from the issuing gas in the cyclone separator 13, and returning the dust via pipe 15 to the bed at or near the point of introduction of the oxygen so that the combustible material in the dust is burnt in a localized zone 17 by the oxygen.  The formation of large ash agglomerates is avoided by ensuring that the velocity of the circulating material is sufficiently high in the region of the oxygen inlet.  The fuel is continuously withdrawn from the bed and fresh fuel is added continuously in order to prevent the ash content becoming undesirably high, also part of the dust is withdrawn when the ash content of the dust carried away with the gases is about 50%. The steam is preheated in a heat-exchanger 10 at 650-700 DEG  C., and in coil 11 to 800-900 DEG  C., the reaction temperature in the upper portion of cylinder 2 being 900 DEG  to 1000 DEG  C.  The gasification may be carried out at atmospheric pressure, but preferably at 10-25 atmospheres.
Patent GB-909721-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to braking systems for vehicles
Inventor: RIDDY FREDERICK THOMAS
IPC: B60T11/24
Filed: 1960-04-03
Abstract: 909,721. Brake actuating mechanisms. GIRLING Ltd. March 24, 1961 [April 3, 1960], No. 3774/60. Class 103 (1). A braking system for vehicles incorporates two brakes or set of brakes applied by separate pedals or levers, which can be operated independently or simultaneously, in which a compensating device is arranged between two systems to compensate for differences in brake lining wear when both pedals or levers are operated and the device is held against compensating movement when only one pedal or lever is operated. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, two brakes or sets of brakes are applied hydraulically by separate master cylinders 10, 11, the pistons of the master cylinders are actuated by separate pedals 23, 24 which are angularly movable about a common axis 25 and the master cylinders are mounted in brackets 13, 14, pivotally attached to opposite end of compensating levers 17, 18 pivoted to move angularly about fixed axes 19, 21 at the middle of their lengths, each bracket carrying an abutment 27 which engages with a complementary abutment 26 on the corresponding pedal to prevent angular movement of the compensating levers when only one pedal is operated, and the abutments on the pedals being carried clear of the abutments on the brackets when both pedals are operated when link 28 pivoted to pedal 24 is swung across to couple the two pedals together so that the compensating levers are then free to move angularly to compensate for differences in brake lining wear in the two brakes or sets of brakes. An alternative arrangement is shown in Fig. 4 in which two separate brake applying members which may be hydraulic or mechanical are actuated by separate pedals through bars 47 coupled to the pedals through links 51 and to the brake applying members and pivotally mounted on the free ends of normally parallel levers 37 which pivot about a common fixed axis 39 and are coupled to an angularly movable arm 41 for angular movement in opposite directions about their axis. The levers 37 carry abutments 52 and adapted to co-operate with abutments 53 on the pedals 35 in such a way that when a brake or a set of brakes is applied by depression of either pedal angular movement of the lever 37 associated with the other pedal is prevented, but when both pedals are depressed both levers 37 are free to move angularly to provide compensation between the two brakes or set of brakes.
Patent GB-746953-A (GB)
Title: Cyclopentanophenanthrene compounds and a novel process for the production thereof
IPC: C07J5/00
Filed: 1953-02-11
Abstract: The invention comprises pregnan- and allopregnan - 11a  : 21 - diol - 3 : 20 - diones, 21 - mono-and 11 : 21-diesters thereof, and a process for the preparation of the above esters which comprises oxidizing an 11a  : 21-diester of a pregnan-3 : 11a  : 21-triol-20-one compound to the corresponding 3-keto derivative, and, if desired, thereafter saponifying the ester groups and selectively re-acylating the 21-hydroxy group.  In examples: (1) allopregnan-3b : 11a  : 21-triol-20-one 11 : 21-diacetate is oxidized with chromic acid in acetic acid to allopregnan-11a  : 21-diol-3 : 20-dione diacetate, which is then saponified with methanolic potassium hydroxide under nitrogen to allo-pregnan-11a  : 21-diol-3 : 20-dione, and finally re-acetylated with acetic anhydride-pyridine at 5-10 DEG C. to yield the corresponding 21-acetate; (2) the oxidation step of (1) is effected with aluminium isopropylate and cyclohexanone in toluene.  Allopregnan - 3b  : 11a  : 21 - triol - 20 - one 11 : 21-diacetate (and similarly other esters, e.g. the dibenzoate) is prepared (a) from allopregnan - 3b  : 11a  - diol - 20 - one or a diester thereof by treatment with isopropenyl acetate in the presence of p-toluene sulphonic acid or sulphuric acid, bromination of the D 20-allopregnen-3b  : 11a  : 20-triol triacetate produced followed by mild acid hydrolysis to yield 21 - bromo - allopregnan - 3b  : 11a  - diol - 20 - one 11-monoacetate, which is then treated with sodium iodide in acetone and finally refluxed with potassium carbonate in acetic acid; (b) from allopregnan-3b  : 11a -diol-20-one 3 : 11-diacetate (or a similar ester) by oxidation with lead tetra-acetate to the corresponding 21-acetoxy compound, which is then partially saponified to an 11-monoester of allopregnan-3b  : 11a  : 21-triol-20-one, and then treated with an acid anhydride and pyridine to give the 11 : 21 - diester. Specifications 693,991 and 744,981 are referred to.
Patent GB-583112-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fluid flow energy transformers
IPC: H01J61/073
Filed: 1940-03-02
Abstract: 583,112. Gas turbines. WHITTLE, F. March 2, 1940, No. 3949. [Class 110 (iii)] A jet propulsion plant for aircraft as described in Specification 583,111 has a second pair of independent oppositely rotating wheels 8, 9 which are driven by the action of the outer air stream 3 and which, by means of the inner bladings, deliver air under pressure to the air-compressor A. The wheels 8, 9 are substantially like those described in the Specification referred to.
Patent GB-780705-A (GB)
Title: An improved interruptor mechanism for feeding cans or regularly shaped objects or containers to lidding and like machines
IPC: B65B43/52
Filed: 1955-02-10
Abstract: 780,705. Endless conveyers. LITCHFIELD, A. F. May 10, 1956 [Feb. 10, 1955], No. 3952/55. Class 78 (1). Cans, or other regularly shaped objects, fed by an endless conveyer 10, are stopped temporarily by rubber rollers 21, 22 which are spaced apart by a distance slightly less than the width of the objects, but which, when rotated, will feed an article between them since the rubber is compressible. The rollers are fast on spindles 19, 20 which are mounted in housings 13, 14 supported by the horizontal part 12 of a pillar 11. The spindles 19, 20 carry pinions 17, 18, the fomer of which is engaged by a rack 23 and the latter of which meshes with a rack 28. The racks are connected by a cross-member 27 and the rack 23 is urged to the left by a spring 24. An arm 30 secured to the spindle 19 is engaged periodically by a pin 31 carried by a motor-driven disc 32. The housing 13 can be adjusted relative to the housing 14. Specification 684,272, [Group XVII], is referred to.
Patent GB-1485543-A (GB)
Title: Carburettor
IPC: F02M17/08
Filed: 1975-01-29
Abstract: 1485543 Constant depression carburetters SOC NATIONALE DES PETROLES D'AQUITAINE and LES USINES LAPRADE 29 Jan 1975 [30 Jan 1974] 3968/75 Heading F1H A carburetter comprises a valve 2 upstream of the throttle valve 1 and arranged to open so as to maintain a substantially constant suction between the valves, as by being pivoted off-centre as shown and also by the action of a diaphragm 29 subjected to the pressure drop across the valve 2, the valve 2 being linked to a fuel metering valve 4 so that the fuel flow-rate depends on the opening of the valve 2, and means are provided for increasing the opening of the metering valve when the pressure downstream of the throttle valve has increased above a threshold value of, say, 100 g/cm<SP>2</SP>, i.e., when the engine is at full load, so as to enrich the mixture. The metering valve 4 can thus be profiled to provide a lean mixture at partial loads so as to minimize the carbon monoxide content of the exhaust gases, unsatisfactory running at full load being avoided by the enrichment. The enrichment may be effected by a diaphragm 10 subjected to the total pressure drop across the valves 1 and 2. At wide opening of the throttle valve 1, the pressure drop decreases to a value at which a spring 25 can move the diaphragm 10 leftwards abut a disc 27 carried by the rod 28 and thereby move the rod leftwards to increase the opening of the metering valve 4, whereby the mixture is enriched. In another embodiment, Fig. 1 (not shown), the diaphragm 29 is omitted and the diaphragm 10 closes contacts, when the threshold valve is reached, to energize a solenoid (13) which increases the opening of the metering valve.
Patent GB-756337-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the construction of hollow bodies
IPC: B21D51/24
Filed: 1953-02-12
Abstract: 756,337. Aircraft framework. HEAL, L. C. May 12, 1954 [Feb. 12, 1953], No. 3970/53. Addition to 702,981. Class 4. [Also in Group XXII] The method of making thin metal shells accord. ing to the parent Specification in which sheet metal strips 1, Fig. 3, with edge stiffeners 3 are bent longitudinally to form a tensioned skin is modified by adding auxiliary stiffeners 7 on the inside or outside to displace the neutral axis and obtain a required stress distribution, and finally removing the auxiliary stiffeners. Additional unstressed stiffeners 8 may be added to the completed shell. In assembling the top skin 1A, Fig. 4, of an aerofoil, auxiliary stiffeners 9, 9A are added to the edge stiffeners 3A to lower the neutral axis x, y to the position x4, y4. The skin is then bent longitudinally and the stiffeners 3A are attached to the shear webs 10, 10A temporarily supported by brackets 11, 11A. The auxiliary stiffener 9, 9A are finally removed. Curved ribs 12 may be attached between the shear webs 10, 10A. Specification 722,857 also is referred to.