Patent GB-191114050-A (GB)
Title: Primary Electric Batteries.
Inventor: HUIZER HENDRIK DOUWE PIETER
IPC: H01M4/02
Filed: 1911-06-13
Granted: 1912-06-06
Abstract: 14,050. Huizer, H. D. P. June 13. Electrodes; gases supplied; gas exits; connexions to carbons.-In a primary cell, the zinc or consumable material, preferably sub-divided, is mounted upon a conducting or insulating support so that only the working surfaces are exposed, some such electrodes being shown in Figs. 1, 5, 11, and 24 for use in close proximity to negative electrodes, such as carbon, which have a much greater active area, and through which a gas or liquid may be forced to assist depolarization. The battery may be dry or wet. The support for the zinc may be perforated, to facilitate the circulation of the electrolyte, which may be assisted, for obtaining heavy currents, by cooling the cell, or by a pump and an external reservoir, or the cell may be enlarged into a reservoir at the bottom. Concentric electrodes are shown in Fig. 1, in a battery applicable for vehicles, the zinc 16 being surrounded by a tubular carbon 4, either plain, or preferably with internal ribs and an external sheath 6 to which a pipe 9 conveys a liquid or gas. Zinc rings 16 are mounted on a solid or hollow core 17 of insulating or insulated material, shown perforated at 17', supported by a central terminalrod 19, which depends from a plug in the carbon or the cell cover and at its lower end enters a ring supported by or supporting the carbon. Fig. 5 shows at the left hand a solid core 36 and connecting-wire 35, and at the right hand a conductive core 34, upon which is mounted a zinc tube 33, or a helix, or longitudinal strips, optionally with the interspaces filled with insulating-material. When the core is of wood, the electrode is dipped in paraffin, shellac, or the like, which is then removed from the working faces. End-caps 37 may make connexion with the supporting terminal-rod 19. The carbon 4, Fig. 1, may stand on a ring 24 supported by a ledge on the cell, and may extend through the cell cover, to receive a terminal ring, circulation-holes 11 being provided at the top; or the carbon may hang from the cover, the gassupply pipe 9 forming a terminal. In stationary cells, the electrodes may hang loosely. A modified form of carbon, shown in Fig. 4, has internal passages 31 and an external hermetic coating. Fig. 11 shows a battery having flat electrodes arranged parallel and spaced by grooves in the cell walls. The zinc electrode shown on the left comprises small disks 59 attached to a conductive plate 60 the whole being dipped in insulating-material, which is removed from the faces of the disks. Holes in the plate 60 allow circulation. Alternatively, zinc disks may be carried in small cups projecting from or attached to the plate 60 on one or both sides, or inserted in it as shown in Fig. 20. To enable more zinc to be used, the electrode may consist, as shown on the right of Fig. 11, and in Fig. 24, of plugs 72 forced outwards in insulating or insulated tubes 80 by springs or by fluid pressure. The springs may be carried by a separate plate 82, Fig. 11, or by levers, and if the tubes 80 are attached to the cell, this plate may be pivoted outside and secured by a terminal 86; this facilitates renewal of the zincs. The carbon 46, preferably ribbed on both sides, has a neck passing through insulation in the cover and dovetailed at the top, upon which is secured a metal cap 53 with a screwed terminal. The cap may be soldered or otherwise attached to the carbon, which may previously be plated or platinized. A gas or liquid may be forced into a hollow carbon through a nipple 57 applied to the terminal. A large hollow carbon may have internal cross ribs. For insulating metal parts or impregnating the pores of a carbon electrode, a synthetic resin termed " bakelite " is preferred. The battery mav have a gas exit 93, Fig. 11, resembling a cycle valve.