Patent GB-343524-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for the production of wetting, cleansing and dispersing agents
IPC: D06M13/402
Filed: 1929-08-07
Abstract: Sulphonated arylides of aliphatic carboxylic acids, obtained by treating, in the absence of a metal halide, saturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids containing from six to sixteen carbon atoms in the molecule, or more if the acids are unsaturated, or their derivatives with primary aromatic amines free from nitro or auxochromic groups, other than the primary amino group or sulpho groups, and sulphonating the resulting arylides if they do not already contain sulphonic or sulphuric ester groups are used as dispersing and scouring agents.  In Examples: (1) oleic anilide is treated with sulphuric monohydrate in the presence of trichlorethylene: (2) the fatty acids containing 12-15 carbon atoms in the molecule prepared by oxidation of paraffin wax by means of air, are treated with aniline and then sulphonated by means of oleum. The product may be used for scouring.  The arylides or their salts may be used alone or in association with other wetting or emulsifying agents, e.g. soaps, turkey red oils or aromatic sulphonic acids, particularly poly nuclear aromatic sulphonic acids, hydroxy alkyl amines, quaternary ammonium or their salts, protective colloids, e.g. glue, gelatine or vegetable mucilages or gums, salts, e.g. soda, sodium bicarbonate, waterglass, common salt, normal or acid sodium sulphate, organic solvents e.g. monocresylethyleneglycolether or trichlorethylene or bleaching agents e.g. perborates, percarbonates or sodium p-toluenesulphonic chloramide.  The sulphonated arylides are stable in neutral, acid or alkaline baths and may be used for dispersing or emulsifying alkaline earth metal soaps, dyestuff or insoluble colouring materials, fats or waxes.  Anhydrides, esters and halides are mentioned as derivatives of carboxylic acids which may be used and caproic acid, naphthenic acid, resinic acids, and animal and vegetable oils and fats are also specified. Naphthylamines and sulphanilic acid are mentioned as suitable aromatic primary amines. Examples of sulphonated carboxylic acid derivatives which may be used are oleic sulphonic methyl ester, oleicmethylestersulphuric ester and ricinoleic sulphuric ester.ALSO:Sulphonated arylides of aliphatic carboxylic acids are obtained by treating in the absence of a metal halide saturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids containing from six to sixteen carbon atoms in the molecule, or more if the acids are unsaturated, or their derivatives, with primary aromatic amines free from nitro or auxochromic groups, other than the primary amino group or sulpho groups, and sulphonating the resulting arylides if they do not contain any, or an insufficient number of sulphonic or sulphuric ester groups.  In examples: (1) oleic anilide (obtained from oleic acid and aniline) is treated with sulphuric monohydrate in the presence of trichlorethylene; (2) the fatty acids containing 12 to 15 carbon atoms in the molecule, prepared by oxidation of paraffin wax by means of air, are treated with aniline and then sulphonated by means of oleum.  The product may be used for scouring.  Chlorsulphonic acid and sulphur trioxide are also mentioned as sulphonating agents, and water binding agents, e.g. anhydrides and chlorides of organic or inorganic acids may be used, the diluents carbontetrachloride, nitrobenzene, and acetic acid are also mentioned.  The products are stated to be assistants in all branches of the textile and allied industries, and in particular as wetting, cleansing, emulsifying and dispersing agents.  They, or their salts, may be used alone or in association with other wetting or emulsifying agents, e.g. soaps, turkey red oils or aromatic sulphonic acids, particularly polynuclear aromatic sulphonic acids, hydroxyalkyl amines, quaternary ammonium bases or their salts, protective colloids, e.g. glue, gelatine or vegetable mucilages or gums, salts, e.g. soda, sodium bicarbonate, waterglass, common salt, normal or acid sodium sulphate, organic solvents, e.g. monocresylethyleneglycolether or trichlorethylene or bleaching agents, e.g. perborates, percarbonates or sodium p-toluenesulphonicchloramide.  The sulphonated arylides are stable in neutral, acid or alkaline baths and may be used for dispersing or emulsifying alkaline-earth metal soaps, dyestuffs or insoluble colouring materials, fats or waxes.  Anhydrides, esters and halides are mentioned as derivatives of the carboxylic acids which may be used and caproic acid, naphthenic acid, resinic acids, and animal and vegetable oils and fats are also specified. Naphthylamines and sulphanilic acid are mentioned as suitable aromatic primary amines. Examples of sulphonated carboxylic acid derivatives which may be used are oleic sulphonic methyl ester, oleicmethylestersulphuric ester and ricinoleic sulphuric ester. Specification 264,860 [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], is referred to.