baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-727184-A (GB)
Title: Separation of terephthalic acid
Inventor: SHELDON DAVID
IPC: C07C51/493
Filed: 1952-12-13
Abstract: Terephthalic acid is separated from admixture with isophthalic acid, by subjecting the mixture to partial esterification with a primary alkanol in the presence of a strong acid esterification catalyst, and at a temperature between 80 DEG  and 150 DEG  C., and separating the unesterified acid from the reaction mixture.  The primary alkanols used in the esterification contain from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably are those containing 7 to 9 carbon atoms whose iso. phthalic esters are useful as plasticizers, e.g. 1-octanol, 2 : 2 : 4-trimethyl pentanol, 2-ethyl hexanol and 2 : 2 : 4 : 4-tetra-methylpentanol.  With the higher alkanols, inert hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon diluents of boiling-point above 70 DEG  C. may be used, and serve to remove the water formed in the reaction by entrainment.  The catalyst, present in a concentration of 0.1 to 1.0 per cent by weight, may be sulphuric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, or p-toluene sulphonic acid but sulphuric acid is preferred.  The esterification is carried out by refluxing the reactants and removing the water which is formed, either as described above, or if lower alkanols are used, by entrainment in the alkanol itself.  When the amount of water formed diminishes the esterification is assumed complete, and the residue, enriched in terephthalic acid, removed by filtering or centrifuging.  In examples: (1) a mixture containing 28.1 per cent terephthalic acid gives a residue containing 89.5 per cent terephthalic acid after 21 hours reflux, and (2) a mixture containing 40 per cent terephthalic acid gives a residue containing 96.1 per cent terephthalic acid after 12.25 hours reflux.
Patent GB-225395-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in wrenches
IPC: B25B13/20
Filed: 1923-12-18
Abstract: 225,395. Hacheney, F. C. Dec. 18, 1923. Sliding-jaw wrenches.-Relates to wrenches in which the shank 13 of the movable jaw 12 is guided in a recess 15 in the fixed jaw 11 and is locked in any required position by a wedge 16, and consists in extending the recess 15 through the fixed jaw 11 and stepping it at a, b to engage the similarly-stepped wedge piece 16, which, together with the jaw shank 13, is tapered in a direction away from the opening in the fixed jaw. To adjust the wedge 16, a bolt 18 passes through the fixed jaw at right angles to the face band is reduced at its end to form a shoulder to engage the wedge piece 16. Its reduced part is provided with a ball point 20 which engages a recess 21 in the wedge 16 by means of which the wedge can be withdrawn from engagement with the shank 13. Graduations may be provided on both sides of shank 13 so that the jaw 12 may be adjusted to any desired size of nut.
Patent GB-317391-A (GB)
IPC: C09F5/06
Abstract: 317,391. I. G. Farbenindustrie, Akt.- Ges. Aug. 15, 1928, [Convention date.]. Fatty oils; lubricants for machinery.-Castor oil is rendered miscible with mineral oils by heating it, alone or mixed with mineral oil, in presence of a catalyst splitting off water, but not combining chemically with the castor oil. Any easily volatile products are preferably removed as formed by a current of gas or vapour or by operating in vacuo. Catalysts specified are: Oxides of aluminium, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, chromium, molybdenum, uranium, and thorium, sulphates, phosphates and silicates, singly or mixed. In examples, (1) castor oil containing 0.5-1.0 per cent of powdered blue tungsten oxide is heated to 270-290‹ C. for 15-30 mins. while stirring and passing in a current of carbon dioxide. The catalyst is separated by settling, filtering, or centrifuging, (2) 1 volume of castor oil is flowed per hour over 1 volume of bauxite granules or over pumice coated with titanium dioxide or sodium phosphate, in a vertical reaction chamber maintained at 270-290‹ C., carbon dioxide being passed in countercurrent; the product is dissolved in mineral lubricating oil.
Patent GB-208347-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in portiere rod fittings
IPC: A47H1/03
Filed: 1922-11-21
Abstract: 208,347. Shaylor, W. Nov. 21, 1922. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). PortiÞre rods.-A portiÞre rod bracket adapted for attachment to right or left hand doors comprises an attachment plate 1 provided at one end with a pivoted rod engaging arm 4 and at the other end with a pivoted arm 7 terminating in a guide 8, said arm 7 having screw holes 16 by which it is secured in either of its two positions at right-angles to the attachment plate.
Patent GB-244783-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in thermostats
IPC: G05D23/12
Filed: 1925-12-16
Abstract: 244,783. Legendre, L. Dec. 19, 1924, [Convention date]. Thermostats.-A boiler or the like a, the temperature of which is to be controlled, is provided with a recess a<1> containing a casing g, in which a number of elastic capsules m containing expansible fluid are placed. The movements of the casing g are transmitted through a lever l pivoted at i to a tilting mercury switch b controlling the heating circuit. The lever l is adjustable by moving the knife edge i along a slot, and the sensitiveness of the thermostat is adjustable by varying the number of capsules m or the liquid which they contain.
Patent GB-281320-A (GB)
Title: An automatic control switch for radio receiving apparatus
IPC: H01H43/10
Filed: 1927-11-25
Abstract: 281,320. Fleischmann, M. Nov. 27, 1926, [Convention date]. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Clockwork actuation.-A time switch for closing and opening at predetermined times the valve-filament heating circuit of a wireless receiving set, and for indicating the beginning and end of a programme or sections of a programme comprises a drum 13 rotated by blockwork and carrying one or more contacts 18 shaped as shown in Fig. 5, the middle and end portions of the contacts co-operating respectively with brushes 12, 22 carried by an adjustable toothed wheel 11. The wheel 11 and brushes 12, 22 are set to a predetermined position by means of a hand knob 23, not shown, a pointer 4 and intermediate gearing. Current is led to the contacts 18 by means of a brush 19 and ring 17 on the drum 13 and the contacts 12, 22 are connected respectively with the filament heating circuit and a circuit for an indicator lamp or sound device.
Patent GB-189463-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in fruit treating apparatus
IPC: A23B7/16
Filed: 1922-11-23
Abstract: 189,463. Brogdex Co., (Assignees of Brogden, E. M.). Nov. 26, 1921, [Convention date]. Coating-materials.-Fruit is covered with a thin preservative and waterproof coating of paraffin wax and gasolene or like materials by rotary brushes. From a dryer 11, the fruit falls on to a board 13 covered with a heavy woven fabric 12, or the like, on which the coating material is spread. Hence it passes to a set of rotary brushes 15, rotating in the same direction and covered by a blanket 17, fixed at one edge, under which the fruit passes.
Patent GB-166912-A (GB)
Title: Improved means for operating and fixing the slidable windows of railway carriage doors
IPC: B61D25/00
Filed: 1920-09-22
Abstract: 166,912. Duncan, A. Sept. 22, 1920. Holders for sliding windows.-A window-holder for the sliding windows of railway &c. vehicles consists of a sliding bolt c which is carried in guides r and is operated by a handle and toothed segment s so as to be engaged with or released from recesses e formed in the door-frame. Stops c<5> are provided on the bolt. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifcations 34435/08 and 23642/11.
Patent GB-931397-A (GB)
Title: Photographic process and materials for spirit duplicating
Inventor: HEPHER MARTIN
IPC: G03F7/34
Filed: 1958-10-08
Abstract: 931,397. Photographic material for spiritduplicating. KODAK Ltd. Oct. 8, 1959 [Oct. 8, 1958], No. 32060/58. Class 98 (2). Photographic transfer material comprises a support coated with a binder containing a dye or dye intermediate, the binder or dye or dye intermediate being organic solvent soluble, and then overcoated with an unhardened gelatinosilver halide emulsion layer. A thin layer of alkali swellable or alkali soluble colloid such as polyvinyl phthalate may be coated between the first layer and the emulsion layer. The binder for the dye or dye intermediate layer may be polyvinyl acetate or phthalate. In use, the emulsion layer is exposed as to a document, developed to form an image in silver and hardened gelatine, squeegeed on to another support to remove the unhardened parts, and the remaining image is treated with a solvent for the binder, dye or dye intermediate and squeegeed on to another sheet material to transfer a positive image to the latter. Successive transfers may be effected. The silver halide layer may contain a developing agent as described in Specification 655,273, and the support on to which the material is squeegeed to remove the unhardened parts may be one described in Specification 800,772. The receiving sheet for the final positive image may be paper. Specification 725,667 also is referred to.
Patent GB-1434233-A (GB)
Title: Method for developing two-component diazo-type sheets
IPC: G03D7/00
Filed: 1973-07-05
Abstract: 1434233 Developing diazotype materials N A ZAUSMER and A S MICHLIN 5 July 1973 [20 July 1972] 32096/73 Heading G2X Diazotype sheets are developed in a development chamber by ammonia vapour in the presence of water vapour (introduced as a flow of vapour or liquid), there being conducted to the chamber (a) a flow of NH 3  vapour sufficient to effect the development and (b) a flow of CO 2  vapour sufficient to substantially reduce the  ammonia odour. The development chamber 2 may contain a rotatable hollow perforated metal roller 4 and a driven rubber roller 6 between which the sheet to be developed is fed. Ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapours may be supplied from tanks (12), (14) and (22) Fig. 1 (not shown). Alternatively, Fig. 2, they may be supplied by bubbling gas from inside roller 4 through a container 40 of NH 3  + CO 2  solution 42 (e.g. as ammonium carbonate or carbamate) and returning it to the other end of the roller; the ammonia used may be replenished from tank 56. Heaters 10 and 54 for roller 10 and container 40, and thermostats 50, 52 may be provided.
Patent GB-332481-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transmission devices for indicating apparatus
Filed: 1929-10-22
Abstract: 332,481. Koch, R., and Kienzle, O., (trading as Koch & Kienzle). Oct. 22, 1928, [Convention date]. Indicating.-In order to indicate the amount 'of liquid or gas in a receptacle, a cord 1 is attached at 2 to the bottom of the receptacle and at 4 to a spring 5 attached to the top. At an intermediate point this cord passes once or more round a cone 3 provided with a spiral groove to receive the cord. The cone is freely mounted on an axis 6 rigid with a frame 7 carrying two floats 9. At an upper point the cord 1 is passed round a roller 10 rigid with a pointer 12. As these, floats 9 rise and fall the cone 3 is moved bodily up the cord and the latter is wrapped towards or away from the apex of the cone, the effective length of the cord being altered to operate the pointer 12. If the magnification of movement is insufficient, the roller 10 may be replaced by differential screw threads. In a modification, the device is contained in a cylindrical housing which is screwed into a spherical liquid container. The transmission device above described may also be used for the reciprocations of an engine crosshead.
Patent GB-911096-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to liquid pressure braking systems for vehicles
Inventor: RODWAY JOHN
IPC: B60T11/34
Filed: 1959-09-23
Abstract: 911,096. Brakes, fluid-pressure. AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS CO. Ltd. Oct. 17, 1960 [Sept. 23, 1959], No. 32406/59. Class 103 (1). A liquid-pressure braking system for a trailer vehicle includes a reducing valve 23 between a trailer mounted master cylinder 10 energized by a vacuum servo 15 controlled from the tractor, and the brake cylinders 11 of the trailer, the valve having a by-pass which is closed to render the valve operative to reduce brake pressure only when a predetermined adjustable pressure is exceeded, thereby avoiding skidding at high brake-pressures. Master cylinder pressure initially reaches a brake cylinder feed-pipe 25 freely through a pipe 21, duct 22, ports 5 and the bore of a sleeve 47, which constitutes the by-pass. When brake cylinder pressure reaches a predetermined value it acts on the larger effective area at the right of a stepped piston 31 which it forces to the left against the bias of a spring 36 adjustable by a hand wheel 41. As the piston 31 moves it takes along the sleeve 47 which then seats on a ball valve 49, thereby closing the by-pass through the sleeve 47. Any further increase in master cylinder pressure is transmitted to the brakes 11 solidly through the piston 31 at a ratio which is reduced in the proportion of the ratio of the effective righthand and left-hand areas of the piston 31. On release of master cylinder pressure seating, pressure is removed from the ball 49, permitting release of brake cylinder pressure, whereupon the spring 36 moves the piston 31 to the right, in the position shown, and a push-piece 51 fully unseats the ball 49.
Patent GB-419237-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to headlights for vehicles
IPC: H01K9/08
Filed: 1933-11-21
Abstract: 419,237. Vehicle headlights ; incandescent electric lamps. SIEMENSSCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. Nov. 21, 1933, Nos. 32483 and 32484. Convention dates, Nov. 21, 1932 and Nov. 23, 1932. [Classes 39 (ii), 75 (ii), and 75 (iv).] In a vehicle headlight provided with a parabolic reflector 1 and an incandescent electric lamp 2 which has at least a portion 5 of its glass bulb spherical and has a main filament 3 at the focus of the reflector 1 for distant lighting and a filament 4 disposed horizontally and above the main filament, for near lighting, the reflector has an aperture angle of approximately 180‹, the filament 4 extend through the central point of the spherical part 5 of the bulb, and means are provided which prevent the emission of upwardly directed rays when the filament 4 is switched in. Such means comprise a screening cap or blackening of the glass bulb at 10, and a louvre screen 16 which screens a segment of 60‹ of the reflector, as shown in Fig. 1, or a blackening of the glass bulb which cuts off rays striking this part of the reflector, or a displacement of this part 19 of the reflector forwardly, as shown in Fig. 3. The neck 6 of the bulb is conical, and the pinch 9 is blackened. The bulb may be provided with a third filament 45 to produce a beam directed downwardly and towards one side.
Patent GB-1516755-A (GB)
Title: Shuttering for backfilling the roof supporting arches in underground roadways
Inventor: MUELLER WILHELM
IPC: E21D11/10
Filed: 1976-08-04
Abstract: 1516755 Shuttering for road tunnels R MULLER A BAUM and G HANSCH 4 Aug 1976 [6 Aug 1975 21 Feb 1976] 32498/76 Heading E1S Shuttering for backfilling roof supporting arches, e.g. bell shaped trough section arch 1 or J-beam la, comprises shutter panels 7 spanning several arches on the side facing the roadway, ties consisting of a strip-like plate 4 welded to a hook-shaped extension 5, 5a which engages the arch from the back, the strip-like plate being inserted between vertically adjacent shutter panels, flat stanchions 8 bearing against the road side face of the shutter panels 7 containing slots for the reception of the ties, and wedges 9 which can be knocked into slots 6 in the strip-like plates of the ties. The stanchions may also be U-shaped (Fig. 6) one end of the flanges being welded to projecting fishplates 21 for connecting to the next stanchion at the correct angle for following the curvature of the arch. The web of the stanchion may also have openings for the passage of the strip-like plates of the ties.
Patent GB-859584-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to drawing-tables with vertically adjustable drawing-board
IPC: A47B27/12
Filed: 1959-09-24
Abstract: 859,584. Drawing-tables. BERGMAN, P. G. Sept. 24, 1959, No. 32516/59. Class 52(3) A drawing board 2 is adjustable vertically with a constant inclination by a parallel motion linkage 4, 8 in which the upper element 4 is approximately L-shaped, thus allowing a table top 7 to lie directly above the supporting shaft 3. In a modification, Fig. 4, linkages 4, 10, 11, 12 form two parallelograms and the counterweight 9 is replaced by torsion springs.
Patent GB-712967-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coil systems employing at least one high-frequency coil having a premagnetised rod-shaped core
IPC: H01F21/08
Filed: 1952-12-23
Abstract: 712,967. Inductances. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Dec. 23, 1952 [Dec. 29, 1951], No. 32614/52. Class 38(2) A coil system employing at least one high-frequency coil 3 having a barshaped or tubular ferromagnetic core 1 of a material of low coercive force is characterized in that a permanent magnet 7, made of an electrically high-resistance material and which has a low hysteresis loss, is arranged adjacent at least one of the ends of the core 1, the permanent magnet 7 being arranged to slide relatively to the core 1 and the coil 3 so that the core premagnetization produced by the magnet can be varied; the arrangement being such that when the magnet is moved within its sliding range in one direction the inductance of the coil system changes always in the same sense. In a modification of such a system as shown in Fig. 4 the magnet is fixed and a ferromagnetic member 17 is arranged to slide so that the core premagnetization can be varied. The magnet may be axially or radially magnetized as desired and may be moved within an insulating member 5 by a screw movement. Further, the coil 3 may be wound directly on the core 1 as a single layer winding, the magnet being bored so as to enable it to embrace the winding and the coil may be enclosed in a water-repellent sheath. Two or more such systems may be combined inside a screening can to form an intermediate frequency band pass filter, a plurality of rods similar to the cores 1 being placed between the coils to form individual screens to reduce the coupling between the coils. One or more of these rods may also be variably premagnetized by means of further movable permanent magnets.
Patent GB-891529-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to flowmeters
Inventor: FISCHBACHER RONALD ERNEST
IPC: G01F1/66
Filed: 1958-10-14
Abstract: 891,529. Ultrasonic fluid-flow meters. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. July 28, 1959 [Oct. 14, 1958], No. 32701/58. Class 40(7). In an ultrasonic fluid-flow meter two transducers are spaced apart in the direction of fluid flow, each transducer operates continuously both as a transmitter and a receiver, and the transmission frequencies are different. In the embodiment described a voltage compounded from oscillator 1, frequency f 1  and transducer 3 signal received from transducer 4 on a frequency f 2  is multiplied with a similarly derived voltage using transducer 4 signal received by transducer 3, multiplier 8 output being phase-compared with the output of frequency doubler 10 to give an output voltage of magnitude dependent on fluid flow velocity V. A mathematical discussion is given from which it is demonstrated that for high measurement accuracy the maximum allowable difference between the oscillator frequencies necessitates crystal control.
Patent GB-851111-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polymerisation catalysts and catalytic polymerisationreactions
Inventor: LUFT NORBERT WALDEMAR
IPC: C08F4/02
Filed: 1955-11-15
Abstract: In the low pressure Ziegler polymerizing process the catalyst is supported on a finely divided waterinsoluble polymeric material preferably a polymerized olefine, which may be pre-formed and ground, or formed in the initial stage of the main polymerization.  The supported catalyst is made by supplying the two Ziegler components to a mixing zone containing a suspension of polyethylene in an inert solvent, ageing the mixture, and continuously discharging the product to the main polymerizing zone.  The support may be the same polymer produced in the main reaction or different e.g. poly-isobutylene, and the support may be left in the polymerized product.  Examples of catalysts are, titanium tetrachloride and aluminium tri-ethyl, diethyl monochloride or triisobutyl mixed with polyethylene flour or granules preferably pre-dried, and suspended in isooctane, or light petroleum spirit; after ageing 1/2 hour the product is fed into a reaction zone where further quantities of the two catalyst components and ethylene are supplied Specifications 799,392, 799,823, 801,031, 801,554, 816,234, 833,430 and 851,143 are referred to.ALSO:A support for a Ziegler-type low pressure catalyst consists of a finely divided water-insoluble polymeric material, preferably a polymerised olefine, which may be pre-formed and ground, or formed in the initial stage of the main polymerisation.  The complete catalyst is made by supplying the two components of the Ziegler catalyst to a mixing zone containing a suspension of ground polyethylene in an inert solvent, e.g. iso-octane, ageing the mixture, and continuously discharging the supported catalyst to the main polymerising zone.  The support may be the same polymer produced in the main reaction, or different, e.g. polyisobutylene.  The support may be left in the polymerised product. Examples of catalysts are titanium tetrachloride and aluminium diethyl monochloride, aluminium tri-ethyl or aluminium tri-isobutyl mixed with polyethylene in flour or granular form and preferably pre-dried, suspended in iso-octane or light petroleum distillate; after ageing for 1/2 hour the product is fed into a reaction zone to which further quantities of the two catalyst components and ethylene are supplied.  Specifications 799,392, 799,823, 801,031, 801,554, 816,234, 833,430 and 851,113 are referred to.
Patent GB-263846-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of raw plate glass and the method and apparatus for use therein
IPC: C03B13/02
Filed: 1926-12-29
Abstract: 263,846. Bicheroux, M. Dec. 30, 1925, [Convention date]. Addition to 182,551. Rolling. - The rolling-apparatus described in the parent Specification is provided with means for varying the inclination of the receiving-table a, rollers b, shoot f, and guide rolls i, either before or during the rolling operation, in order to adapt the apparatus to the condition of the glass. The adjustments may be made independently of one another, or the devices may be interconnected to permit of simultaneous adjustment in a predetermined relation.
Patent GB-663356-A (GB)
Title: Latch tripping mechanism for dumping cars
IPC: B61D7/16
Filed: 1949-12-23
Abstract: 663,356. Mine cars. SANDFORD INVEST- 'MENT CO. Dec. 23, 1949 [Dec. 31, 1948], No. 32934/49. Class 103(iv) In a mine car provided with drop-bottom doors which open in 1-2-3 order, the rearmost door is held in operative position by a swinging latch member 15 formed with a seat 19 to receive and support a trunnion 14 forming part of the door 10. The lower extremity of the latch member is provided with a notch 25 to engage the nose 35 of a tripping arm 31 which is pivoted at 30 to a plate 27 mounted on the trackway. The arm 31 is spring-urged to the position shown in Fig. 3 and is provided on its upper surface with a contact member 32 located in the same upright longitudinal plane as the nose 35 and adapted to be deflected under the lower face of the car during movement of the latter over the tripping mechanism. Specification 633,340 is referred to.