baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-805605-A (GB)
Title: New hydrophenanthrene compounds and process for their manufacture
IPC: C07D317/72
Filed: 1955-01-14
Abstract: The invention comprises 7-ketals and 7-enol derivatives of polyhydrophenanthrene compounds of the general formula: <FORM:0805605/IV (b)/1> (wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and X1 represents an oxo group or a hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom) and their preparation by reacting a compound of formula <FORM:0805605/IV (b)/2> (wherein X is a ketalized oxo group or an etherified enol group, R1 is an alkyl residue containing not more than eight carbon atoms, and R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group) with an alkali metal borohydride, hydrolysing the ester functions in the hydroxyl compound so obtained under alkaline conditions, acidifying the reaction mixture and oxidizing the free 1-hydroxyl group in the (2 --> 4)-lactones so obtained to an oxo group.  In examples: (1) 2a -methallyl-2b -carbethoxy - 4b  - ethoxycarboxy - 4bb  - methyl - 7 - ethylenedioxy - 1,2,3,4,4aa ,4b,5,6,7,8,10, 10ab  - dodecahydrophenanthrene-1-one is reduced with sodium borohydride in ethanol and the product chromatographed giving 2a -methallyl - 2b  - carbethoxy - 4b  - ethoxycarboxy - 4bb  - methyl - 7 - ethylenedioxy - 1,2,3,4,4aa ,4b, 5,6,7,8,10,10ab  - dodecahydrophenanthrene - 1 - ol, which is saponified with aqueous-ethanolic KOH, lactonized in boiling benzene, and finally oxidized with chromium trioxide in pyridine to the (2 --> 4b)-lactone of 2a  - methallyl - 2b  - carboxy - 4bb  - methyl - 7 - ethylenedioxy - 1,2,3,4,4aa ,4b,5,6,7,8,10,10ab  - dodecahydrophenanthrene - 4b  - ol - 1 - one; (2) as in (1) but using the corresponding 2a -allyl-2b -carbethoxy compound (mixed with the 2b -allyl-2a -carbethoxy isomer), yielding the (2 --> 4b)-lactone of 2a  - allyl - 2b  - carboxy - 4bb  - methyl - 7 - ethylenedioxy - 1,2,3,4,4aa ,4b,5,6,7,8,10,10ab  - dodecahydrophenanthrene - 4b  - ol - 1 - one; 2a  - hydroxymethyl - 2b  - allyl - 4b  - ethoxycarboxy - 4bb  - methyl - 7 - ethylenedioxy - 1,2,3,4, 4aa ,4b,5,6,7,8,10,10ab - dodecahydrophenanthrene-1-ol and the corresponding 1,4b -diol are also obtained during the process.  Specifications 805,604, 805,606, 805,607 and 805,609 also are referred to.
Patent GB-946779-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in snow ploughs
Inventor: HOWIE JAMES BRYSON
IPC: E01H5/06
Filed: 1960-10-19
Abstract: 946,779. Snow ploughs. J. B. HOWIE Ltd. Oct. 2, 1961 [Oct. 19, 1960], No. 35797/60. Heading E1G. A snow plough comprises a blade 1 with rearwardly extending plates 2 articulated to a framework 3, 4, 5, attached or attachable to a propelling vehicle, by links 9 and 11 in such a way that on meeting an obstacle the blade lifts bodily relative to the framework, the lower edge moving upwardly and rearwardly and the upper edge moving forward and downward. The lower edge of the blade is urged to a position adjacent the ground by springs 12 connecting the blade plates 2 with the framework plates 5. The framework 3, 4, 5 is supported adjacent its ends by wheels 14 and mounted at the centre of its length on the apex of a forwardly convergent A-form frame itself pivotally mounted for vertical angular movement on trunnions carried at the forward end of the propelling vehicle so that the blade and the framework can be lifted together from the ground.
Patent GB-508046-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the measurement of magnetic fields
IPC: G01R33/02
Filed: 1937-12-24
Abstract: 508,046. Magnetic measurements. SIEMENS APPARATE UND MASCHINEN GES. Dec. 24, 1937, Nos. 35806 and 35807. Convention dates, Dec. 24, 1936 and March 3, 1937. [Class 37] Measurements of a magnetic field are made by means of a wound core of high permeability material located in the field and supplied with an auxiliary alternating, or periodically variable continuous-current that produces a flux employed for measurement purposes, the desired quantities being obtained by' measuring the effective impedance or impedance changes produced as the field under investigation changes, or by measuring the voltages set up by impedance variations. Auxiliary windings may be provided on the core and these may be polarized. In one arrangement, Fig. 3, the core is fed with alternating-current in winding 2 which is connected to a rectifier supplying a polarizing winding 6. In Fig. 8 the core 101 has end-pieces of larger section and is fed with continuous-current through a mechanical vibrator 105. Fig. 12 shows two wound core members 101; 102 arranged in bridge fashion with resistors 112, 113, the source of current being A.C. or interrupted D.C. The instrument 114 can be a meter, relay or amplifier. Differential instruments are also employed in other modifications. Capacitances can be arranged in the auxiliary circuit for producing oscillation currents. In Fig. 10, a further source of. continuous-current 108 is provided for compensating the closed circuit current when the open circuit flux is zero. In Fig. 15, the core 101 has two restricted parts on which primary and secondary windings 102, 119 are located.
Patent GB-740668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to snow ploughs
Inventor: MILLER WILLIAM F
IPC: E01H5/04
Filed: 1953-12-23
Abstract: 740,668. Snow-ploughs. TORO MANUFACTURING CORPORATION OF MINNESOTA. Dec. 23,1953,No. 35820/53. Class 107. A snow-plough has a housing 5 with a tan. gential discharge 6 and adjustable deflector hood 8. The rotor has two opposed sets of helical blades 41, 42 feeding snow to a snowabutting and guiding wall 48 which deflects the snow into the discharge opening 6. The blades are arranged with an increasing width towards the middle of the rotor to provide the necessary increase of snow-engaging area to deal with the snow proceeding from the outer parts of the blades. The pitch of the blades decreases towards the rotor centre terminating in a flat snow-delivering surface.
Patent GB-955010-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fluid-controlling gate valves
IPC: F16K3/02
Filed: 1961-10-05
Abstract: 955,010. Valves. G. MEAGHER. Jan. 3, 1963 [Oct. 5, 1961], No. 35854/61. Heading F2V. The body 5 of a bonnetless gate valve has a blind slot 9 housing a thin flat gate 10 with rounded edges which is moved into and out of the slot by a lever or, as shown, a threaded shaft 17 which is parallel to, but laterally offset from the centre-line of the gate. The position of the latter is indicated by a pointer 22 coacting with a scale 23. The gate is sealed by an elastic synthetic-rubber ring 14 disposed in a rebate 15 near the open end of the slot, which ring may be of O or D-shaped section. Sealing may be affected by two or more abutting rings or washers or a stuffing box.
Patent GB-155772-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in vaporizing devices for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B9/00
Filed: 1920-12-22
Abstract: 155,772. Raabe, H. E. A. May 1, 1914, [Convention date]. Drawings to Specification. Starting.-A charge of injection air carries with it through the spraying valve enough fuel to be ignited by a sparking-plug at starting.
Patent GB-1485701-A (GB)
Title: Rail vehicle disc brakes
IPC: F16D69/04
Filed: 1975-09-02
Abstract: 1485701 Brake elements for disc brakes W BUSCH and H FRIEDERICHS [trading as BERGISCHE STAHL-INDUSTRIE] 2 Sept 1975 [9 Sept 1974] 36057/75 Heading F2E A brake element for a rail vehicle disc brake comprises a lining carrier plate 11 dimensioned to cover at least one quarter (e.g. one third) of the braking surface of the disc, and carrying a lining in the form of two spaced lining portions 16, 17 each having a rib retained in a respective groove 15 arranged in the carrier plate 11 to extend substantially parallel to a chord of the disc, the plate 11 being provided substantially opposite the centre of gravity of the lining with attachment means for the attachment of an operating lever. As shown, the plate 11 has longitudinal ribs 12 forming apertured lugs 13 for said attachment, and friction elements 14 are provided to act on the lever to hold the element in a set position relative to the lever. In an alternative arrangement a hanging bolt arranged in two bosses attaches the carrier plate at a hanging strap. As illustrated the respective ribs and grooves 15 are of dovetail cross-section so that the ribs of portions 16, 17 can be pushed into the grooves 15 chordally of the disc. Attached to the lining portions 16, 17 are metal securing plates 19 attached to the plate 11 by screws 21 or by clamping sleeves, rivets or similar fastening elements. The plates 19 are also extended into the space 18 between the portions 16, 17 and these extensions have holes (22) to receive means for withdrawing the lining portions from the plate 11. The plates 19 may also be constructed as reinforcing plates and for this purpose form part of the dovetail grooves, or otherwise be anchored in the lining portions. Ribs 23, at an angle to ribs 12, stiffen the plate 11.
Patent GB-867387-A (GB)
Title: Method for the production of high-grade rimmed steels having a ferritic peripheral zone
IPC: C21C7/076
Filed: 1958-11-10
Abstract: Rimmed steel with a thick outer ferritic layer is produced by saturating the melt with hydrogen before casting.  This may be done by adding 0.3-0.5 kg. of calcium hydride per ton of steel as it is run into the casting ladle, the exothermic decomposition heating the metal and saturating it with hydrogen.
Patent GB-786373-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of fatty acid compositions from marine oil or from fatty acid mixtures obtained therefrom
Inventor: MANSON CECIL THOMAS
IPC: C11C1/10
Filed: 1953-12-29
Abstract: <PICT:0786373/III/1> Fatty acid mixtures obtained from marine oils are submitted to straight distillation to obtain as distillate the fatty acids substantially free from glycerides; and this distillate is submitted to fractional distillation under a pressure of 5 to 13 mm. Hg and at a liquid-temperature of 450 DEG  to 520 DEG  F., whereby vapours containing the C18 and lower acids distil over from the upper part of the fractionating column while a liquid composition containing all the C20-22 fatty acids is obtained in the still.  This liquid composition is then subjected to straight distillation to improve the colour; and the product has drying properties which render it suitable for use in coating compositions and paint finishes.  A mixture of whale oil and herring oil is hydrolysed by steam at 360 p.s.i.g.; and the resultant fatty acid mixture containing about 6 per cent of unsplit oil is separated from the glycerine-water.  This mixture is preheated to 245 DEG  F. and introduced in section 1 of a still (see Figure) containing nine sections connected in series and heated progressively from 310 DEG F. in the first section to 530 DEG  F. in the last.  Fractionating column B is not used during this part of the process.  The sections of the still are each equipped with heating coils and are also supplied with steam to assist the vaporization.  A refined fatty acid mixture is obtained as distillate; and distillation-residues are withdrawn from section 9.  The refined distillate, preheated to 260 DEG  F., is now recycled through the still, but this time column B is put in operation. About 0.25 per cent of the oil is vaporized in section 1, and the corresponding condensate is withdrawn from forerunningscondenser 10.  The fatty acid mixture flows from section 1 into section 2, and from there is pumped to the stripping-section 14 of column B. The column is evacuated via condensers 15-17 by ejectors (not shown) to maintain a pressure of 5 mm. at the top.  The temperature at the top of the column is maintained at 395 DEG  F. Down-coming liquid from stripper 14 is directed into section 3 of the still, and flows from there through sections 4 to 9.  Fatty acids vaporized in sections 2-7 pass up the fractionating column, the temperature of the liquid in section 7 being 465 DEG  F.  The temperature in section 9 is 472 DEG  F.  The vapours from sections 8 and 9 are passed to dephlegmator 11; and the condensate flows back via line 32 to vaporizing section 5 or 6.  The condensate from the top of the column-i.e. the C12-C18 acids-is in part returned, via conduits 28 and 29, to the column as reflux, and in part withdrawn from the system through conduit 26.  The C20-22 fraction is withdrawn from section 9 of the still.  In order to improve the colour, it is submitted to straight distillation.  The product has a iodine value of about 180 and a mean molecular weight of about 310.
Patent GB-1496902-A (GB)
Title: Tools for turning components such as screw heads and nuts
IPC: B25B13/28
Filed: 1974-11-27
Abstract: 1496902 Spanners and wrenches LACREX BREVETTI SA 27 Nov 1974 [1 Feb 1974] 36172/77 Divided out of 1496901 Heading B3N A spanner or wrench having one or two pivoted heads 2, 2<SP>1</SP> on a handle 1 is as described in parent Specification, but the claims are restricted to the tool with the head 2<SP>1</SP> pivoted to handle 1.
Patent GB-1511316-A (GB)
Title: Production of foamed gypsum mouldings
IPC: C04B38/02
Filed: 1975-09-03
Abstract: 1511316 Porous bodies BAYER AG 3 Sept 1975 [3 Sept 1974] 36248/75 Heading C1A Porous bodies are produced by preparing a mixture comprising 100 parts by wt. of a completely or partly dehydrated calcium sulphate hydrate (e.g. synthetic or natural anhydrite or CaSO 4 À¢H 2 O) and 0À1 to 1À0 part by wt. of a water soluble normal or basic aluminium salt or aluminate; a hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst; water; and, per 100 parts by wt. of the mixture so formed, from 0À5 to 5 parts by wt. of hydrogen peroxide or a derivative thereof, expressed as a 35 wt. per cent H 2 O 2  solution, the ratio of solids to liquid being from 1:0À4 to 1:1 and the final mixture having a pH value in the range of from 10 to 13; and allowing the mixture thus prepared to foam. The hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst may be MnSO 4 , MnCl 2 , a manganate or a permanganate.
Patent GB-1014766-A (GB)
Title: Plastic pipe
IPC: E02B11/00
Filed: 1962-09-24
Abstract: 1,014,766. Flexible pipes. W. STRUMANN. Sept. 24, 1962 [Feb. 23, 1962], No. 36253/62. Heading F2P. [Also in Division A1] A land drainage pipe is of a flexible plastic material, such as polythene, and has holes or slots in its walls which are tapered towards the interior of the pipe. The external lips of the holes have a convex radius. The diameter of the holes may be 1 mm. and the length of the slots may be up to 30 mm. spaced 150 mm. apart. The holes may be in rows.
Patent GB-871440-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in epoxidation
IPC: C07D303/16
Filed: 1958-11-12
Abstract: Esters of epoxy alcohols and a , b -olefinic acids (such as acrylic, crotonic, and higher homologues) obtained by reacting with an epoxidizing agent an ester of the formula R1CH=C(R2). COO(CH2)xC(R3)= =C(R4)(R5) wherein R1 to R5 represent hydrogen or saturated or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals and at least one of R1 and R2 is hydrogen, x is an integer from 1 to 5, so as to epoxidize the alcohol residue only, are useful as plasticizers and stabilizers for vinyl halide resins. They may also be polymerized through either the olefinic group or the epoxy group or both.  Thus an epoxyalcohol 2-alkenoate can be polymerized with vinyl chloride to give a copolymer which can then be cross-linked through the epoxy group by treatment with an acid or base.  Alternatively such an ester can be copolymerized with ethylene oxide to form a copolymer capable of cross-linking through the double bonds by treatment with a peroxide or by heating at an elevated temperature.ALSO:An ester of an epoxy alcohol and an alkenoic acid is produced by reacting together an epoxidising agent and an ester of the formula:  <FORM:0871440/IV (b)/1> wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 each represent hydrogen or saturated hydrocarbon radicals, at least one of R1 and R2 is hydrogen, and X is an integer from 1 to 5, said reaction being conducted for a time sufficient to consume up to one mole of epoxidising agent per mole of said ester, thus introducing an oxirane oxygen into the alcohol residue of said ester.  The epoxidising agent is preferably peracetic acid but acetaldehyde monoperacetate, perbenzoic acid or monoperphthalic acid may be used.  The reaction temperature may vary between 0 DEG  and 100 DEG C.  It is preferred to use between 5 and 25 mole per cent excess of epoxidising agent. The reaction may be conducted in an inert medium such as acetone, diethyl ether or acetone.  A vinyl polymerization inhibitor may be present.  The product 2,3-epoxy-2-methyl-propyl crotonate is a novel compound. The ester starting materials may be synthesized by reacting an appropriate unsaturated alcohol with an appropriate a ,b -unsaturated acid, anhydride or acid halide, in the presence of a catalyst such as p-toluene sulphonic acid.  The epoxy products may be used as plasticizers and stablizers for vinyl halide resins and may also be polymerized through both the epoxy group and the double bond to form polymers.
Patent GB-881702-A (GB)
Title: Moulding compositions
Inventor: HANCOCK JAMES WILLIAM
IPC: C08K5/523
Filed: 1959-10-27
Abstract: A moulding composition comprises a conjugated diolefin polymer or copolymer oil which has been cured in the presence of a catalyst and from 5 to 50%, on the total composition, of an inert plasticizer. The oil is preferably prepared by polymerizing butadiene styrene at 20 to 200 DEG C. using metallic sodium.  The curing catalysts may be benzoyl, dicumyl, ditertiary butyl or tertiary butyl hydrogen peroxides.  The inert plasticizer is preferably present in from 7-15% of the total composition and may be the sebacates, adipates, dibutyl phthalate or preferred, tricresyl phosphate.
Patent GB-1389867-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of polymers of vinyl chloride
IPC: C08F14/06
Filed: 1972-08-04
Abstract: 1389867 Polymerizing vinyl chloride CHEMISCHE WERKE HULS AG 4 Aug 1972 [7 Aug 1971] 36494/72 Heading C3P Homopolymers of vinyl chloride or copolymers thereof with vinyl acetate or a (meth)- acrylic ester are formed in aqueous suspension at 30-90‹ C. employing as initiator a combination of (a) a percarbonate of the formula in which R is a C 10 -C 20  alkyl or a cycloalkyl or aryl radical optionally containing one or more C 1 -C 4  alkyl groups and a total of 6-14 carbons and (b) acetyl cyclohexylsulphonyl peroxide.
Patent GB-1055789-A (GB)
Title: Electromagnetic actuators
IPC: G05B11/01
Filed: 1963-09-17
Abstract: 1,055,789. Oscillating machines. SERVOTRONICS Inc., and N. D. TRBOVICH. Sept. 17, 1963 [Sept. 18, 1962], No. 36574/63. Heading H2A. [Also in Division H1] An electromagnetic actuator has an armature 4 mounted on one end of a flexure tube 3 which has a tapered wall form from one end to the other end, which is supported by the base 1 of the actuator. A tapered flapper 7 fits within the flexure tube to provide an output end 8. The tapered form of the flexure tube enables it to bend at a point 17 (Fig. 2, not shown), approximately two-thirds of the way along the length of the tube from the base 1. Torsion bars 15 are connected to the armature 4 by members 16 so as to limit rocking of the armature in the plane of the torsion bars. The armature 4 may alternatively be mounted at the point of bending 17 so that one end of the flexure tube extends beyond the armature (Fig. 5, not shown). The actuator is energized by electromagnets 12 and permanent magnets (not shown). Adjustable shunts 15<SP>1</SP> may be provided for limiting rooking of the armature.
Patent GB-1090720-A (GB)
Title: Polymeric resin solutions and polish compositions made therefrom
IPC: C09G1/10
Filed: 1965-08-26
Abstract: Film-forming solutions for use in formulating polishes for wood floors comprise a solution in a hydrocarbon solvent of a vinyl toluene-isobutyl methacrylate copolymer.  The solvent may be a petroleum fraction and is preferably an aliphatic naphthenic fraction containing about 10% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbons. The copolymer generally comprises 20-80% by weight of each monomer component.  To form a polish, a soluble waxy material and a soluble petroleum resin are incorporated in the copolymer solution, the solids comprising 5-40% by weight of the wax, 10-30% of the resin and 50-85% of the copolymer.  Resins specified are polyindene, polycoumarone, coumaroneindene resins, terpene phenolic resins and modified terpene phenolic resins. Suitable waxes include chlorinated paraffins, chlorinated naphthalenes, chlorinated bisphenols, polyoctadecyl vinyl ether, polystearyl methacrylate, paraffin waxes, higher fatty acids (e.g. myristic) and mixtures thereof, or mixtures with small amounts of natural waxes or polyethylenes.  The copolymer may be prepared (in bead form) by polymerizing vinyl toluene and isobutyl methacrylate in aqueous suspension in the presence of a suspending agent (polymethacrylic acid and sodium betanaphthalene sulphonate), a peroxide catalyst (benzoyl peroxide) and a chain transfer agent (dodecyl mercaptan).
Patent GB-775701-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to "tweezers" and the like, more particularly for surgical and like purposes
IPC: A61B17/30
Filed: 1954-12-20
Abstract: 775,701. Surgical instruments. DICKINSON P. C. Feb. 20, 1956 [Dec. 20, 1954], No. 36786/54. Class 81(2) Surgical tweezers comprise spring blades 10, 11, Figs. 1, 2, having serrated gripping jaws 13 formed with a slot 18. In use, the jaws are held together by a forked bolt 14 mounted to slide on blade 10 end engaging recesses in a pin 16 carried by blade 11. In a modification, the jaw portions 23, Fig. 4, terminate in fine points 24 which engage with U-shaped recesses 25 on the other blade. In another construction, the slotted jaws are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees to the blade.
Patent GB-1028732-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical transformers
Inventor: MILDWATER JOHN
IPC: H01F19/00
Filed: 1963-09-18
Abstract: 1,028,732. Amplifying circuits. WAYNE KERR LABORATORIES Ltd. Sept. 14, 1964 [Sept. 18, 1963], No. 36809/63. Headings H3T and H3W. [Also in Division G1] A transformer is arranged to produce an output accurately related to an input signal. In one embodiment a desired overall voltage gain is obtained in a system comprising amplifier 14, nominally of unity gain, e.g. a cathode or emitter follower, feeding a transformer 10, the turns ratio of which-between primary 11 and secondary 12-also has a nominal value. Tertiary winding 13 is used to obtain a voltage exactly equal to that input voltage which it is desired to give the output voltage obtained in the system, and this is combined in opposition with the actual input at terminals 15 to produce an error voltage which is amplified in an amplifier 16 and added in series with the input to unity gain amplifier 14. A further amplifier, also of nominal unity gain may be interposed between the input terminals and amplifier 14 (Fig. 2, not shown). In another embodiment, a precise voltage ratio is obtained between the primary and secondary windings of a transformer; primary 41 (Fig. 3, not shown) is coupled to equal-turned secondary 42, which is connected in series opposition so that the signal # supplied to amplifier 43 comprises only the error voltage. Amplifier 43 supplies an amplified error signal to tertiary winding 44, so reducing the error and increasing the input impedance, since the transformer magnetizing current is supplied by the amplifier 43. The invention may also be used to reduce errors produced by the transformer in transformer ratio arm bridges (see Division G1).