Patent GB-614044-A (GB)
Title: Detergent composition
IPC: C09G1/00
Filed: 1946-07-02
Abstract: The alkalinity of a detergent composition obtained by heat-drying a mixture comprising a water-soluble salt of an organic sulphuric acid ester or organic sulphonic acid and 1-5 times its weight of a tripolyphosphate of formula M5P3O10, M being alkali metal or ammonium, is adjusted by adding an alkaline material before or after the heat-drying.  The alkaline material is added in amount sufficient to impart to a water solution of the detergent composition of about 0.6 per cent strength an alkalinity, not less than pH 8.8, compatible with the existence of the tripolyphosphate as a non-acid normal alkali metal tripolyphosphate.  Suitable alkaline materials are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, trisodium orthophosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate or alkali metal carbonates.  Suitable organic sulphuric acid esters and organic sulphonic acids whose water-soluble salts may be employed in the detergent composition are higher alkyl sulphuric acids, higher fatty acid esters of lower molecular weight hydroxy alkyl sulphonic acids, higher fatty acid amides of low molecular weight amino alkyl sulphonic acids, higher fatty acid monoglyceride sulphuric acids, higher alcohol esters of sulphocarboxylic acids, lower sulphocarboxylic acid amides of alkylolamine esters of higher fatty acids, higher alkylated benzene sulphonic acids, higher alkyl ethers of low molecular weight hydroxy alkyl sulphonic acids and higher fatty acid alkylolamide sulphuric acids.  Specific organic sulphuric acid esters and organic sulphonic acid whose water-soluble salts may be employed are the sulphuric acid esters of normal primary aliphatic alcohols having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, particularly lauryl sulphuric acid, oleyl sulphuric acid, alkyl sulphuric acids obtained from the mixed higher alcohols produced by the reduction of coconut oil, palm kernel oil or like oils, alkyl sulphuric acids derived from the higher alcohols of sperm oil, coconut oil fatty acid monoester of 1,2-di-hydroxy-propane-3-sulphuric acid ester, sulphated coconut oil fatty acid ethanolamide, higher monofatty acid esters of 1,2-dihydroxy propane-3-sulphonic acid particularly the coconut oil fatty acid monoester of this sulphonic acid, higher fatty acid monoesters of lower molecular weight hydroxy alkyl sulphonic acids particularly the oleic acid ester of isethionic acid, higher fatty acid amides of lower molecular weight amino alkyl sulphonic acids particularly the oleic acid amide of N-methyl taurine, the lauryl alcohol ester of sulpho-acetic acid, the sulpho-acetamide of amino-ethyl laurate, the sulphonic acid derived from the condensation product of benzene and chlorinated kerosene, and the monolauryl ether of 1,2-dihydroxy-propane-3-sulphonic acid.  The heat-drying process may be a spray-drying and if the alkaline material is added after heat drying, it may be mechanically mixed with the heat-dried material or it may be sprayed thereon or it may be added to a solution of the heat-dried material. Additional ingredients such as soap, perfume and inorganic salts may be incorporated in the detergent composition.  It is stated that during the heat-drying process, tripolyphosphate is decomposed into a mixture of phosphates including undecomposed tripolyphosphate, acid tripolyphosphate, pyrophosphate, acid pyrophosphate, orthophosphate and acid orthophosphate.  In examples, detergent compositions comprise (1) the sodium salt of the sulphuric acid ester of monoglycerides prepared from coconut oil, the sodium salt of the coconut oil fatty acid monoester of 1,2-dihydroxypropane-3-sulphonic acid or the sodium salt of the sulphonic acids derived from the condensation product of benzene and chlorinated kerosene together with sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate; (2) the sodium salt of the alkyl sulphuric acids derived from the higher alcohols obtained by the reduction of coconut oil, unsulphated material, sodium sulphate, and trisodium phosphate or sodium carbonate.  Specification 596,560 is referred to.