baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1487486-A (GB)
Title: Substitute for raw natural leather and a process for its preparation
IPC: D06N3/00
Filed: 1975-01-22
Abstract: 1487486 Leather substitute HOLZSTOFF SA 22 Jan 1975 [23 Jan 19741 2748/75 Heading B2E [Also in Divisions B5 and Dl] A leather substitute comprises at least one needle punched non-woven web comprising randomly orientated continuous filaments of identical or different denier in the range 0.5 to 10 dtex bound by a composition including a binder, a hydrophobic filler and a swelling agent capable of swelling in aqueous media after being dried, the binder composition being distributed through the web(s) so as to impart a density gradient from the back to the front surface. Preferably the web is impregnated by immersing it in a bath of an aqueous dispersion of the binder composition or by lick coating. e.g. by a padder, followed by "coating" with a second dispersion of binder, filler and swelling agent, the second binder being the same or different from the first binder. The impregnation by a padder produces a density gradient, see example 4 and the dense face is then "coated". Where the impregnation is uniform a gradient is produced by the "coating" step. (Part of the material applied by "coating" penetrates at least partly through the web). Preferably the density increases from 0.5 at the back surface to 1.3 at the front surface. A homopolymer or copolymer of isotactic polypropylene, nylon 6, nylon 66 or polyethylene terephthalate is extruded through a row of spinnerets to form filaments which are stretched in compressed air nozzles and deposited in random array on a table. The web may be needle punched directly or folded and optionally autogeneously bonded by hot calendering before needle punching. The web weighs 100 to 1000 g/m<SP>2</SP>. Laminating. In example 3 a nylon net is placed between two autogeneously bonded and needle punched webs of polypropylene filaments and the three layers laminated by needling. In example 4 an autogeneously bonded 2.1 dtex polypropylene filament web is needled to a 7.3 dtex filament web without a reinforcing net. The binder(s) may be styrene / butadiene (40:60, 50:50, 65:35), butadiene / acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, a vinyl ester or polyurethane. The filler(s) may be calcium carbonate or kaolin. The swelling agent(s) may be naturally occurring or carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxymethyl cellulose. The impregnation produces a dry add-on of 50 to 300% by weight of the filaments and the coating adds a further 100 to 500 g/m<SP>2</SP> of dry material.
Patent GB-510253-A (GB)
Title: A device for folding over the side-flaps of a sheet of dough
IPC: A21C3/02
Filed: 1938-01-29
Abstract: 510,253. Working dough. WARMOLTS, C. A. J. ROERING-. Jan. 29, 1938, No. 2877. Convention date, Feb. 27, 1937. [Class 87 (ii)] A device for folding inwardly the side flaps of a sheet of dough comprises a conveyer drum 1 for the dough, folding members 3 arranged close above the drum with their axes of rotation in the direction of conveying, and a flattening roller 8 located close after the folding members. The folding members comprise a hollow cylindrical portion which, on the entrance side, merges into a sleeve 4 carrying longitudinal ribs 5. The members are supported on shafts by a head 7 and are adjustable both horizontally and vertically. The roller 8 is mounted slightly below the members 3. The ratio of the diameters of the drum 1 and members 3 may be approximately 6 to 1 and the circumferential speeds may be 1 to 1.5. The folded dough sheet is fed to a conveyer 10 by rolls 9, 11.
Patent GB-347705-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the propulsion of vehicles
IPC: B60W10/02
Filed: 1930-01-28
Abstract: 347,705. Motor vehicles with alternative prime movers. WOLVERHAMPTON MOTOR SERVICES, Ltd., Cleveland Road, Wolverhampton. Jan. 28, 1930, No. 2879. [Class 79 (iii).] A vehicle adapted to be driven by electric power derived only from an outside source, or alternatively by its own prime mover, is provided with means whereby, when desired, the prime mover may be coupled directly to the propeller shaft of the vehicle. In the construction shown the propeller shaft C may be driven either by an electric motor E or by an internal-combustion engine F through a change-speed gear G which may be toothed or friction gearing. The motor E is supplied with electricity by an overhead trolley wire, and when it is driving the engine E is disconnected from the propeller shaft either by putting the gear G in neutral or by means of a clutch H. When the engine is driving the armature of the motor may either run idly or may be declutched from the shaft. The engine and motor may be used simultaneously, and the motor may drive the propeller shaft through toothed gearing. According to the Provisional Specification the prime mover may drive a generator supplying electricity to the motor instead of driving the vehicle mechanically.
Patent GB-161366-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in refuse destructors
IPC: F23G5/44
Filed: 1920-01-30
Abstract: 161,366. Heenan & Froude, Ltd., and Bulgin, W. J. Jan. 30, 1920. Operating doors by crank, lever, link, and like mechanism.-In order that the charging-door of a refuse destructor may be lifted from its seat before being moved away from the charging-opening, the door A, Fig. 1, is mounted on cranked shafts C, C<1>, journaled eccentrically at their ends in rollers c adapted to run on rails c<1>. The shafts C, C<1> are coupled by links D, D<1>, D<2>, and, when the shaft d is pulled, the shafts C, C<1> are rotated and the door lifted prior to being moved aside from the charging-opening O. The invention is shown in Fig. 3 applied to a door A arranged between the hopper P and the charging-opening 0 and provided with a hopper extension Q which takes the place of the door when it is moved to one side. The door is supported on cranked shafts C, C<1>, which form the axles of the rollers c and the shafts are turned to raise the door by means of a lever n<2> secured to the shaft C and connected by a link h and frame H<1> to a rack H operated by a pinion on a shaft G and chain and chain-wheel f, F. Guide rollers l, L, M engaging with a guide rail K are mounted on the actuating mechanism.
Patent GB-510262-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to flushing cisterns
IPC: E03D1/012
Filed: 1938-01-31
Abstract: 510,262. Water-waste-preventing cisterns. DONALD, B. G., and ROWNSON, DREW, and CLYDESDALE, Ltd. Jan. 31, 1938, No. 2978. [Class 26] A flushing-cistern having an externally mounted operating lever 3 and a sealing cover 2 with an aperture 7 for the passage of the ball 6 is rendered mosquito-proof by a flexible member 8 secured round the ball and aperture but not restricting the normal movements of the ball. As shown, a bead 9 around the aperture in the member 8 may engage a circumferential groove on the ball and the groove is at a height such that it is not above the top of the cistern when the ball is fully raised.
Patent GB-342135-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cotton opening machines
IPC: D01G9/04
Filed: 1930-01-29
Abstract: 342,135. Opening or scutching cotton &c. TAYLOR, LANG & CO., Ltd., Castle Iron Works, and PASHLEY, J., 20, Warring- ton Street, both in Stalybridge, Cheshire. Jan. 29, 1930, No. 3033. [Class 120 (i).] Cotton-opening machines of the porcupine type are provided with a revolving dust-extracting cage or cages on to which the cotton delivered by the feeding means is thrown when struck by the beater arms. In an up-stroke porcupine opener the cotton is thrown upwards on to the dust-cage a, Fig. 1, by the arms b on the beater cylinder c as they pass the feed roller d. The cage a is exhausted through a duct e by a fan f. The arrangement in a downstroke porcupine opener is shown in Fig. 2. The cotton falls by gravity off the cage a or is carried forward by the arms b. If desired the cotton may be stripped from the cage mechanically by a revolving roller or wiper.
Patent GB-289765-A (GB)
Title: Improved packing devices to prevent oil leakage along shafts
IPC: F16C33/74
Filed: 1928-01-31
Abstract: 289,765. Chicago Rawhide Manufacturing Co., (Assignees of Clark, H. A.). April 30, 1927, [Convention date]. Stuffing-boxes, substitutes for; cup-leather packing; removable casings for.-Oil leakage along a shaft, such as the rear axle of an automobile, is prevented by a leather packing ring 11 having a cylindrical portion 20 surrounding the shaft 16 and a flange 19 in contact with a flange 17 of a housing 10. The latter is held oil-tight in a member 14. The ring 11 can move radially relatively to the housing 10 and is pressed against the shaft by a coiled ring-shaped spring 12. A washer 13 held in place by bent-over ears 21 on the housing 10 presses the flanges 17, 19 against one another. The part 20 of the packing ring 11 is conical before being threaded on the shaft 16.
Patent GB-284469-A (GB)
Title: Improved process of and apparatus for the manufacture of tubes of rectangular cross-section
IPC: B21C37/10
Filed: 1927-02-03
Abstract: 284,469. Naud, V. F. Feb. 3, 1927. Tubes of rectangular cross-section are formed from strip by pasing it successively through three pairs of rollers which bring it to the three configurations shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 then bring- ing it to the form of a closed tube by the action of pairs of rollers 8, 9, Fig. 4, which gradually bring the strip to the desired form, a mandrel 7 and a table 6 being employed to support the strip. The tube is finally shaped by passing through a die 10, Fig. 6.
Patent GB-713688-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrical resistances
IPC: H01C10/32
Filed: 1952-02-06
Abstract: 713,688. Variable resistors. BIRCH, H. A. Jan. 26, 1953, [Feb. 6, 1952.] No. 3153/52. Drawings to Specification. Class 37. A generally cylindrical former for the toroidally wound wire of a variable resistor has an interior surface of varying diameter and including a circular zone of smaller diameter than at least one axial end of the cylinder. The description is identical with that in Specification 713,687.
Patent GB-849550-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the heat treatment of silicon
Inventor: DALE BRIAN
IPC: C22F1/16
Filed: 1958-01-30
Abstract: Silicon for use in semi-conductor devices (see Group XXXVI) is heated to a temperature between 1100 DEG C. and its melting point and then cooled to a temperature below 800 DEG C. in such a manner that the silicon traverses the temperature range between 1100 DEG C. and 800 DEG C. in less than 0.3 seconds.  As described, a number of wafers of n-type monocrystalline silicon are laid on a molybdenum strip through which a heating current of 50A is passed for four seconds, thus heating the wafers to about 1150 DEG C.  The treatment, which takes place in an atmosphere of nitrogen, consists of three such heating periods separated by intervals of four seconds, during which the wafers fall to below 700 DEG C. in less than 0.2 seconds. Specification 849,549 is referred to.
Patent GB-456089-A (GB)
Title: A process for the conversion under pressure and in liquid phase of hydrocarbons having high boiling points into hydrocarbons having lower boiling points
IPC: C10G9/20
Filed: 1935-02-01
Abstract: In a liquid phase cracking process of the kind in which the oil is heated in a first stage in a single stream to conversion temperature while in a second stage it is maintained without further heating in the liquid phase under conversion conditions, the oil is divided in the second stage into a number of branch streams of narrow cross-section in comparison with their length, and each of which is connected through a pressure reduction valve to its own evaporator. Different reaction conditions may be obtained in each stream by providing reaction tubes of different length or of different cross-section or by cooling the tubes to different degrees.  Crude oil is fed by a pump 5 from a supply tank 1 and a mixing tank 3 through a coil 7 heated to cracking temperature in a furnace 11 having two compartments 9, 10.  The hot oil then passes to a header 12 where it is divided into four streams which flow through reaction tubes 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d arranged in parallel and provided with heat-insulating jackets 15 so that the oils are maintained at cracking temperature.  Each tube is provided with a pressure relief valve 16 and with cut-out valves 13, 17.  Each tube is also provided with its own evaporator 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d all of which are connected to common fractionating tower 20 provided with a pipe 21 for removal of vapours, draw-off pipes at different levels for removal of condensates and a pipe 24 for recycling bottoms.  Pyrometric control elements 27, 28 are provided at the extremities of each tube.  The tubes may be cooled by the admission of cold oil pumped from the tank 1 by a pump 30 and line 31 to headers 32, 33, and may be purged by passing the oil through pipes 34 to the evaporators 18.  The pressures on each side of the valves 13 can be equalized by admitting <PICT:0456089/III/1> oil through a byepass 38 provided with valves 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d. In an example paraffin mazout is fed at 32 kgs. pressure through the coil 7 at the outlet of which it reaches a temperature of 435 DEG  C.  The tubes 14a, 14b are 8 metres in length but have diameters of 50 and 75 mms. respectively.  The tube 14c has a length of 12 meters and a diameter of 65 mms.  The tube 14d is held in reserve.  Separate products comprising respectively mazout, gas oil, kerosene and gasoline are thus obtained.  British Specifications 389,971, and 395,709, and U.S.A.  Specification 1,830,972 are referred to.
Patent GB-407358-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to record-controlled recording machines
Filed: 1932-09-07
Abstract: 407,358. Statistical machines. BRITISH TABULATING MACHINE CO., Ltd., Vernon Place, Southampton Row, London.-(Tabulating Machine Co.; 270, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.) Sept. 7, 1932, No. 3286/34. Divided on 407,320. Drawings to Specification. [Class 106 (i).] Total-taking; statistical cards.-The present invention is the same as that described in Specification 407,320, when the latter became open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, and the claims are the same as in Specification 407,320. Specifications 190,144, 216,142, and 247,200, [all in Class 106 (i)], also are referred to.
Patent GB-196416-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spray-painting or coating devices
IPC: B05B12/36
Filed: 1922-02-04
Abstract: 196,416. Makins, W. B. Feb. 4, 1922. Coating-machines.-In a paint-spraying apparatus the spraying nozzle c is surrounded by a conical shield a of such size and shape that, while held so as not to touch the work, it traps particles of paint rebounding from the surface, as shown by the dotted lines. The shield may be made of bristles like a brush, and may be held in an expanding ring so as to be adjustable in size.
Patent GB-881273-A (GB)
Title: Homogeneous polyamide plates
Inventor: HOERNER HANS
IPC: G03F7/038
Filed: 1959-01-30
Abstract: Stress-free homogeneous flat plates or films of polyamides are made by subjecting a flat plate or film made from a film-forming interpolyamide, obtained by polycondensation of at least two different compounds forming linear polyamides, to a treatment with a swelling agent and pressing the plate or film thus treated at a temperature between 40 DEG C. and the melting point of the polyamide without substantially affecting the dimensions of the plate or film. Specified compounds forming linear polyamides which may be used are the diamine salts of dicarboxylic acids, e.g. hexamethylenediamine adipate and diaminodicyclohexylmethane adipate, and the lactams of o -aminocarboxylic acids, e.g. e  -caprolactam.  The polyamides may also contain hetero atoms in the molecule, e.g. oxygen atoms, or include side chains, e.g. alkyl groups.  Specified swelling agents include aliphatic and cycloaliphatic mono-, di and tri-hydroxy compounds with up to 10 carbon atoms, e.g. methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, glycerin, 1,3,4-butanetriol or p  cyclohexanol, and water.  Mixtures of these compounds may also be used, as may also polyethylene oxides with a polymer chain length of up to 100 carbon atoms, either by themselves or in admixture with liquid halogen-carbon compounds, e.g. carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethylene, or with liquid hydrocarbon halides, e.g. chloroform, ethylene chloride and trichloroethylene, or with liquid aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. benzene, toluene and xylene. The flat polyamide plate or film subjected to the treatment may contain a photosensitizing agent, or alternatively plates or films may first be treated as described above and then further treated with a solution which contains a photo-sensitizing agent and which makes the polyamide receptive to the latter.  If desired, plates or films may be treated with the swelling agent, and the partly dissolved surface of the plate stripped off before the plate is pressed.
Patent GB-825844-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to emergency power systems for aircraft auxiliary apparatus
Inventor: MOSS NORMAN
IPC: F01D17/06
Filed: 1956-02-03
Abstract: 825,844. Air turbines. PLESSEY CO. Ltd. Jan. 30, 1957 [Feb. 3, 1956; Sept. 3, 1956], Nos. 3407/56 and 26929/56. Class 110 (3). A ram air turbine having pivoted inlet guide vanes in the ram air duct to impart a swirl to the flow of air about the axis of the turbine, has means located within the inner duct wall responsive to turbine speed which reduces the tangential component in the direction of rotation as the turbine speed increases. A pump 14 for supplying fluid to the hydraulic system of an aeroplane is driving by a single-stage turbine wheel 15 having blades 2 to which air is supplied through an annular duct 16. The wheel 15 is carried by a hollow hub 18 mounted in the housing 10 by bearings 19 and connected to the pump by a spindle 29. A set of pivoted guide vanes 1 is arranged in the duct 16 ahead of the blades 2. Each blade is fixed to a trunnion 20 carrying a crank 6. The cranks 6 carry pins 21 which engage a groove in a member 22 which is slidable axially. The member 22 is actuated by a speed governor comprising fly-weights 3 through crank-arms 25, a sleeve 28 slidably mounted in the hub 18 and a ball-bearing 5. The governor spring 4 is located between the thrust sleeve 28 and an internal flange of the hub 18 so that the loading of this spring is not transmitted through the bearing 5. The blades 1 are rotated so as to make the incidence of the air on the rotor blades more nearly axial as the speed increases and in the final port of the movement of the flyweights 3 against the spring 4 to give the air a direction having a a component of swirl opposite to the direction of rotation of the turbine wheel.
Patent GB-875589-A (GB)
Title: Plasticised compositions
Inventor: AITKEN ROXBURGH RICHMOND
IPC: C08K5/11
Filed: 1958-02-03
Abstract: Thermoplastic polymeric materials are plasticized by means of a mixture of esters obtainable from a mixture of dimethyl octanols, made by carbonylation and reduction of the trimer produced by polymerization of propylene in the presence of a phosphoric acid catalyst, by reacting the mixture of alcohols with glutaric acid or glutaric acid admixed with up to an equivalent molar proportion of a mixture of adipic and succinic acids, the mixture of adipic and succinic acids being in any proportion.  The esters are preferably derived from the mixture of glutaric, adipic and succinic acids obtained as by-product in the manufacture of adipic acid by nitric acid oxidation of cyclohexanol and/or cyclohexanone.  Specified polymers are polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride with other ethylenica ly unsaturated monomers, polychloroprene, chlorinated rubber and products obtained by polymerizing and co-polymerizing methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, butadiene and acrylonitrile. The esters may be used in conjunction with fillers, pigments, lubricants and stabilizers, calcium stearate being mentioned.  The preparation of the esters is described (see Group IV(b)). Specifications 704,385 and 756,679 are referred to.ALSO:Mixtures of di-esters suitable as plasticizers (see Group p IV(a)) are prepared from a mixture of dimethyl octanols obtained by carbonylation and reduction of the trimer produced by polymerization of propylene in the presence of a phosphoric acid catalyst, and glutaric acid or glutaric acid admixed with up to an equivalent molar proportion of a mixture of adipic and succinic acids, the adipic and succinic acids being in any proportion.  The esters may be prepared by direct esterification of the acids by the alcohols at an elevated temperature, if desired in the presence of an esterification catalyst and a water entrainer. Alternatively, the acids may be reacted in the form of esters thereof with a volatile alcohol with the dimethyl octanols in the form of esters with a volatile acid, in the presence of an ester-interchange catalyst.  The glutaric, adipic and succinic acids mixture is preferably that obtained as by-product in the nitric acid oxidation of cyclohexanol and/or cyclohexanone to adipic acid. Examples are given.  Specifications 704,385 and 756,679 are referred to.
Patent GB-1303104-A (GB)
IPC: G06F3/153
Filed: 1970-01-23
Abstract: 1303104 Photographic type-composing RCA CORPORATION 23 Jan 1970 [30 Jan 1969] 3427/70 Heading B6W In a photographic type-composing machine in which the character images projected on to the film 26, Fig. 1, are formed on the screen of a cathode ray tube 12, being made up of vertical black segments 36, Fig. 2, the formation of the images is controlled by signals released from a memory 50 as a result of signals received by the memory from a control tape 60, the memory 50 being divided into quadrants 51. When a font selection key followed by a character key is depressed in a keyboard 82, a computer 80, in the case of large founts which are divided into subsets, determines in which subset a character is located, selects the fount or subset from an electronic store 84, and codes into the tape signals representing every character in the selected subset, together with a signal directing the subset to a vacant quadrant 51, followed by the character signal. On reading the tape, all the characters in the selected subset are entered into the directed quadrant, and the character signal releases from the memory control signals to produce the character in the correct style and size on the screen. Further character signals for characters in the same subset are coded on the tape directly, but when a character belongs to a different subset or when a further fount selection signal is keyed, the new subset is wholly entered on the tape and directed to the next quadrant. When all the quadrants are occupied, a new subset displaces a previous one from a quadrant. When a character is keyed which is in a different subset, if that subset is already stored in a quadrant, the signal is directed to that quadrant, but if not, the subset is again coded in full on the tape. A subset may occupy more than one quadrant.