baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1040669-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of polyolefins
IPC: C08F110/06
Filed: 1964-08-07
Abstract: Polypropylene which is substantially 95% insoluble in boiling n-heptane is made by (a) continuously charging liquid propylene to a polymerization zone where the propylene is maintained as a liquid, (b) charging a chosen amount of hydrogen to the zone, (c) continuously charging TiCl3 complexed with AlCl3, and (C2H5)2AlCl, to the zone, (d) continuously removing vapour from the zone, condensing the vapour to liquid propylene, and returning this liquid via (a) to the zone, (e) maintaining the polymerizable mix in the polymerization zone for an average residence time of 1 to 4 hours, (f) continuously removing polymer slurry from the reaction zone to a propylene recovery zone wherein the propylene is flashed from the polypropylene, (g) recovering flashed propylene and returning it to the polymerization zone, (h) admixing the polypropylene from step (f) with an azeotropic solution of alcohol and hydrocarbon containing HCl in a first extraction vessel, maintaining the slurry at reflux temperature for up to an hour, and separating the wash liquor from the polypropylene in a centrifuge, (i) washing the polypropylene with acid-free alkanol hydrocarbon in a second extraction vessel and separating the wash liquor from the polypropylene by centrifuging, and (j) drying the centrifuge cake so formed in an inert atmosphere. The polypropylene has a melt index of substantially zero to about 25, a density of 0.9, a maximum ash content of 0.01%, and a maximum chlorine content of 50 p.p.m.  The Specification includes flow diagrams of continuous methods of preparation and purification.
Patent GB-1426337-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing fibrous polyvinyl alcohol
IPC: D01F6/14
Filed: 1973-07-06
Abstract: 1426337 Polyvinyl alcohol fibrils KURARAY CO Ltd 6 July 1973 [11 July 1972 3 Aug 1972] 32343/73 Heading B5B [Also in Division C3] A fibre-forming fibrous stick of polyvinyl alcohol is produced by mixing an alcoholic solution of a polyvinyl ester with a saponification catalyst, introducing the mixture into the upper part of a reactor and saponifying the mixture whilst it is moving downwardly in the reactor, and taking the reaction mixture out of the lower part of the reactor at a rate of at least 50 cm./min. in the form of a continuous bar, and stretching the bar while it contains at least 25 wt. per cent of volatile components which are poor or non-solvents for the PVA, at a temperature of 50-200‹ C., whereby a fibrous stick is formed. The stick may be further dry-stretched at 100-200‹ C. With reference to Fig. 1, polyvinyl ester solution in methanol, and caustic soda catalyst (methanol solution) are introduced into mixer 10 via feed-pipes 8 and 9, respectively. From here the reacting mixture passes into the top of a vertical cylindrical saponification reactor 11 having jacket 12; and slowly moves downwardly whilst reacting, this movement being encouraged by means of driven rollers 1, which also effect stretching to produce the fibrous plug or stick 13. This may then be further treated by passing it through a divider 2 where the fibres are separated and thence into a stretching machine 4 with jacket 5, and over guide rollers 3, dry stretching taking place to an extent dependent on the speed of rotation of rollers 6. The inside surface of reactor 11 may comprise polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC or PTFE to aid slipping of the reaction mixture in a downward direction.
Patent GB-190132-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pulverising apparatus for solid fuel and other substances
IPC: B02C13/22
Filed: 1922-11-27
Abstract: 190,132. Loy, G. S. Dec. 6, 1921, [Convention date]. Impact pulverizers.-In apparatus for pulverizing solid fuel and feeding it by air current into a furnace and comprising a disc with disintegrating members on one face and fan blades on the other, a single member is provided for the simultaneous proportionate adjustment of fuel to the necessary quantity of air to ensure complete combustion of the fuel. A disc 1, Fig. 3, on a rotating shaft 4, carries arms 2 on one face and fan blades 3 perpendicular to the shaft on the other. A part 7 of the casing carries an annular lining 9 of abrasive materials, and is surrounded by a fan casing 8 communicating with a suction pipe 10. Material is fed by a screw 16 from a hopper 22 and falls into a channel 12, and is pulverized between the arms 2 on the disc 1 and arms 13 on a stationary part 11 carrying the shaft 4. The part 11 is hinged so that the entire pulverizing-apparatus may be swung outside the casing. A primary opening 29, Fig. 2, and a secondary opening 23 for the inlet of air are closed by dampers 28, 24 respectively. The dampers are connected by a rod 30 which carries also a fork for adjusting the position of a belt 20 on cones 18, 19 connected with the shafts 4 and 17 nespectively, so that on adjustment of the dampers by means of a screw-thread 26 and handle 31, the belt is displaced on the cones and the speeds of the feeding screw and of the member carrying the fans 3 are varied accordingly.
Patent GB-512050-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to motor vehicle gearing
IPC: B60K5/02
Filed: 1937-11-25
Abstract: 512,050. Motor-vehicle driving-gear. STEYRDAIMLER-PUCH AKT.-GES. Nov. 25, 1937, No. 32475. Void. Convention date, Oct. 26. [Classes 79 (ii) and 79 (iii)] The engine 1 of a cross-country vehicle drives the road wheels through a clutch 2, lay shaft 3 and main shaft-4 of a change-speed gear, the output end of the shaft 4 being the end nearer the clutch 2. In the construction shown the shafts 3, 4 are geared together either by sliding gears 5, 5a, 5b which give speeds geared up and down, or by the " step-up " gears 6, 7 when the clutch 11 on gear 5 engages the gear 7. The road wheels are driven through gears 8, 9, 10 and shaft 14. The change-speed gear may include a reversing gear or a separate reversing gear-box may be provided so that the same speeds are available for both directions of travel. The shaft 14 is in the central vertical longitudinal plane of the vehicle and the engine shaft is offset, the shafts 3, 4, 10 lying in a plane inclined at about 45 degrees to the vertical.
Patent GB-1127995-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of vinyl chloride polymers
Inventor: BUNING ROBERT
IPC: C08F14/06
Filed: 1967-07-14
Abstract: 1,127,995. Polymerizing vinyl chloride. DYNAMIT NOBEL A.G. 14 July, 1967 [15 July, 1966; 12 May, 1967], No. 32496/67. Heading C3P. Vinyl chloride is polymerized or copolymerized at - 5‹ to - 50‹ C. in the presence of 8-20% by wt. of monomers of a C 1 -C 4  alcohol and a redox catalyst comprising a metal salt, a peroxide and a methyl derivative of reductic acid, e.g. methyl or tetramethyl reductic acid. Suitable comonomers are vinyl acetate, trichlorethylene, dichlorethylene, vinyl propionate, vinyl stearate, vinyl ether, an acrylate or methacrylate, acrylonitrile, a fumarate or maleate, ethylene or propylene. Preferably a regulator is present, e.g. tetrahydrofuran, di- or tetra-chlorethylene, chloroform or acetone. Ferrous sulphate and hydrogen peroxide are used as catalyst components. A shearing action is preferably applied.
Patent GB-266092-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to openwork steel flooring, steps or gratings
IPC: E04C2/42
Filed: 1925-12-23
Abstract: 266,092. Gill, H., and Pearse, H. Dec. 23,1925. Gratings. - Openwork steel flooring steps and gratings consist of two series of bars, one series only being notched to receive the other bars which are equal in depth to the notches so that an even top surface is produced. The bars are welded together at the joints and may be straight, wavy, corrugated, or of other shape. Fig. 2 shows a construction in which pairs of wavy bars l are welded together at their contacting points m and are slotted at n to receive the cross-bars o. When assembled, each slotted bar l is welded to the adjacent bar and to the frame bars s, which are also slotted to receive the bars o and are welded thereto.
Patent GB-743314-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in means for guiding the selector pins of carpet loom jacquards
Inventor: ARROWSMITH HOWARD
IPC: D03C3/24
Filed: 1953-11-24
Abstract: 743,314. Carpet loom jacquards. EDMONDS, Ltd., G. Sept. 17, 1954 [Nov. 24, 1953], No. 32537/53. Class 142 (2). Guides for the selector pins 5 of 'a carpet loom jacquard comprise a plate 2 formed with tongues 3 along its edges which are folded over as shown, leaving gaps 4 for the pins, the plate being spotwelded or otherwise secured to the selector bar 1. The tongues may initially protrude into an opening 8 and be folded outwards. In either form, the plate 2 may be made in two longitudinal halves. A guide without a central opening 8 may consist of juxtaposed short plates, each having either two half tongues along both edges with a gap 4 between them, or a complete tongue between two half gaps.
Patent GB-1457510-A (GB)
Title: Production of tobacco smoke filter rod
IPC: A24D3/02
Filed: 1973-07-09
Abstract: 1457510 Making cigarette filters BRITISHAMERICAN TOBACCO CO Ltd 17 June 1974 [9 July 1973] 32546/73 Heading A2C A wrapping strip of a heat-shrinkable thermoplastic film material is fed past an applicator which applies adhesive to the edges of the strip, and, together with a filtering medium, to garniture means for wrapping the strip around the medium, these means including a sealing station consisting of or comprising a cooled long folder provided with a semi-cylindrical groove closely conforming to the rod radius and of a length sufficient to permit setting of the adhesive to form a seam between the edges, after which the wrapped rod is fed to a cut-off device with guiding means for the cut-off sections. As shown a tow of cellulose acetate fibres and a wrapping strip 3 are fed to garniture 5, comprising a lower base plate 7 and groove 8. Also provided are tongue piece 12 and short folders 13. Tank 22 and nozzle 23 apply adhesive as required to the edges of strip 3. Cut-off sections are conveyed by fluted drum 33 and catcher belt 34.
Patent GB-1173302-A (GB)
Title: Mixing Device and Mixing Method for Fluids
Inventor: RICHENS RAYMOND HAROLD
IPC: B01F5/06
Filed: 1966-07-20
Abstract: 1,173,302. Mixing in tortuous passages. ROLLS-ROYCE (COMPOSITE MATERIALS) Ltd. 19 July, 1967 [20 July, 1966], No. 32630/66. Heading B1C. A mixer for metered liquids, especially synthetic resins, comprises front and back plates 19, 21 having sharp edged recesses 23, 29 connected by holes 25 in a middle plate 20 thus providing a sinuous passage; the fluid flow is reversed through an acute angle to result in shear of the liquid. The front and back plates may have a system of ports and cross ports for a heating and cooling fluid providing counter-flow heat exchange. The device is mounted so that the general direction o'f the tortuous passage is vertical and the liquids flow upwards, see Fig. 2 (not shown).
Patent GB-1173688-A (GB)
Title: Polyvinylidene Fluoride Films
IPC: C08J5/18
Filed: 1967-07-14
Abstract: 1,173,688. Stretching vinylidene fluoride polymer films. KUREHA KAGAKU KOGYO K.K. 14 July, 1967 [14 July, 1966; 10 May, 1967], No. 32631/67. Heading B5B. [Also in Division HI] The electrical properties of unorientated films of homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fiuoride containing at least 80% by weight of vinylidene fluoride are improved by stretching such a film in the longitudinal and/or transverse direction at a stretch ratio of at least 2-5 and at room temperature or at a higher temperature, whereby the film is either monoaxially or biaxially orientated. The film after having been stretched may be heat treated at a temperature within the range 125‹ to 175‹ C. while being maintained under such a tension that it does not elongate or contract by more than 10% in any direction in which it has been orientated. The film may be rapidly cooled immediately after having been heat treated. The polyvinylidene fluoride used for producing the film is preferably prepared by polymerizing the monomer at a low temperature initially below the critical temperature. In an example, polyvinylidene fluoride having an intrinsic viscosity of 1-00 and prepared by emulsion polymerization at 25‹ C. is formed into a film by melt extrusion at 230‹ to 240‹ C. and the molten film rapidly cooled by contacting it with metal rolls maintained at 80‹ C. The unorientated film thus obtained is stretched at 150‹ C. in its longitudinal direction at a stretch ratio of 3.5 and thereby orientated in this direction. In another example, an orientated PVDF film produced in a similar manner is heat set in an oven at 140‹ C. while under such tension as to restrict its shrinkage to 5% in the direction in which it was stretched. Data are furnished showing that the dielectric constants of PVDF films produced according to the invention are higher and their dielectric loss tangents lower than those of PVDF films which have not been stretched in accordance with the invention.
Patent GB-1052212-A (GB)
Title: Food preparing apparatus
IPC: A22C7/00
Filed: 1963-08-19
Abstract: 1,052,212. Making hamburgers. AMERICAN MACHINE & FOUNDRY CO. Aug. 19, 1963 [Aug. 31, 1962], No. 32653/63. Heading A2B. [Also in Division B8] An automatic machine for cooking and assembling hamburgers comprises a frame on which are mounted a first endless conveyer to transport bun slices arranged thereon in destacked relationship, a pattymoulding unit which delivers patties to a second endless conveyer which passes through an oven to cook the patties, an assembly mechanism to transfer bun slices and cooked patties from the conveyers and stack them as a sandwich, a wrapping mechanism to wrap the sandwich, and an output conveyer to deliver the wrapped sandwich. Means for supplying slices of cheese, lettuce, and sauce to the hamburger may also be provided. The bun slices may also be heated or toasted prior to assembly. Thus, a bun may be delivered from a bun store comprising an endless conveyer in the form of a chain wound in a spiral configuration, and passed to a cutting section, the sliced bun passed through a de-stacking device and on to the first conveyer, at the same time the meat patty is moulded and passed to the second conveyer, which may consist of parallel lengthwise metal ribbons, the patty and bun passed through two parts of an oven, the direct heat employed to cook the patty serving to indirectly heat the bun slices, the cooked patty and slices are assembled, together with other ingredients, and the product wrapped by conducting the assembly with the lowest bun slice on the wrapping paper, which by pneumatic and mechanical means is then formed round the product as a bag and mechanically closed and crimped prior to delivery.
Patent GB-762589-A (GB)
Title: A holder for supporting scanning coils of cathode ray tubes
Inventor: PHILLIPS PETER HAROLD
IPC: H01J29/82
Filed: 1953-11-25
Abstract: 762,589. Cathode-ray tubes. PLESSEY CO., Ltd. Nov. 22, 1954 [Nov. 25, 1953], No. 32672/53. Class 39(1). A holder for a scanning coil assembly of a cathode-ray tube comprises a blank of bendable material having a circular aperture bounded by semicircular recesses and two semi-circular cut away portions at its ends so that when the blank is folded it forms a rectangular structure having two apertures bounded by semicircular recesses, the coil conductors passing through the recesses. In the form shown a fibre blank 1, Fig. 1 is formed with a central aperture 2 having communicating recesses 3, and with cut away end-portions 6, 8; 7, 8 which after the blank has been bent to shape as in Fig. 3, form a second aperture identical with 2, 3. In assembly, yoke rings 14, Fig. 3, are placed in position and tongues 9 are turned in to serve as spacers. Yoke rings 14 have recesses coinciding with recesses 3, 8 in the blank so that insulating strips 16 can be placed in the recesses to support the scanning coils 17, which are of saddle form. The ends 18 of the coils 17 are soldered to terminal tags 11. Slits 10 increase the leakage path between the intermediate tags and the yoke rings 14. The blank may be creased, marked or scored, as at 12, to assist in folding. In an alternative embodiment the folder A is moulded from polyvinyl chloride to the same shape.
Patent GB-821565-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to shut-off valves
IPC: F16K1/42
Filed: 1956-10-26
Abstract: 821,565. Valves. GERDTS, W. F., and GERDTS, H. R., [trading as GERDTS K.G., G. F.]. Oct. 26, 1956 [Oct. 28, 1955; June 9, 1956], No. 32740/56. Class 135. In a screw-actuated, shut-off valve having a plunger 7 slidable into and out of a resilient packing-ring 1 supported at one end on an abutment washer 11 and axially compressed against the washer on valve closure by engagement between a projecting spring-ring 8 on the plunger and a pressure washer 4 to seal the ring 1 against the plunger, the packing-ring acts independently of means for sealing the valve housing and is subject to the action of resilient means resisting expansion and movement of the ring during valve opening. As shown, the washer 4 is split radially to expand outwardly against the housing and constitutes the resilient means. In a modification, the washer 4, instead of being split, may be acted upon by a coil spring, a Belleville spring washer, or a split-ring washer. In a further modification, a spring- ring pressing outwards against the housing may be accommodated in an annular groove in the pressure washer 4 or between two annular washers which together constitute the washer 4. The valve housing is split at the level of the washer 4 into upper and lower parts 5 and 2 which may be rotated with respect to each other, so that the inlet and outlet may be disposed either coaxially or at any desired angle. The bottom of a skirt 13 on the operating hand wheel when level with the top 14 of the spindle nut indicates that the valve is just commencing to open or close. Balls 9 passed through an aperture 10 before the fitting of the spring-ring 8 connect the plunger 7 to its spindle 3.
Patent GB-366916-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of ester-like wetting agents, foaming agents and dispersing agents
Filed: 1930-10-31
Abstract: Assistants for use in the textile industry, e.g. as emulsifying and oiling agents, are obtained by condensing a higher fatty acid containing at least six carbon atoms in the molecule, or a derivative thereof, with hydroxyethanesulphonic acid, carbyl sulphate or ethionic acid.  The same ester-like products result when salts of the said fatty acids or derivatives are condensed with halogenated ethanesulphonic acids or salts thereof.  In examples: (1) sodium hydroxyethane sulphonate is heated with oleic acid chloride, and also esterified with castor oil or the mixture of fatty acids obtained by the oxidation of paraffin, gaseous hydrochloric acid being used as esterification catalyst; the product derived from the fatty acids obtained by the oxidation of paraffin oil, when mixed with oleic acid, may be used as an oil in the textile industry, e.g. in spinning: 5-10 lb. of the conversion product to 85-90 lb. of oleic acid is suitable; (2) sodium chlorethanesulphonate is heated with sodium ricinoleate; (3) ethionic acid is heated with stearic acid and also with coconut oil.  Specification 347,592 is referred to.ALSO:Assistants for use in the textile industry, e.g. as wetting, foaming, dispersing, washing, and oiling agents are obtained by condensing a higher fatty acid containing at least six carbon atoms in the molecule, or a derivative thereof, with hydroxyethanesulphonic acid, a salt thereof, carbyl sulphate or ethionic acid.  The same ester-like products result when salts of the said fatty acids or derivatives are condensed with halogenated ethanesulphonic acids or salts thereof.  In examples: (1) sodium hydroxyethane sulphonate is heated with oleic acid chloride and also esterified with castor oil or the mixture of fatty acids obtained by the oxidation of paraffin; gaseous hydrochloric acid being used as esterification catalyst; the product derived from the fatty acids obtained by the oxidation of paraffin, may be used, when mixed with oleic acid, as an oil in the textile industry, e.g. in spinning; (2) sodium chlorethanesulphonate is heated with sodium ricinoleate; (3) ethionic acid is heated with stearic acid and also with coco nut oil.  Specification 347,592 is referred to.
Patent GB-211978-A (GB)
Title: Improved solutions of non-mineral oils with mineral oils and a process for their manufacture
IPC: C10M101/00
Filed: 1922-12-02
Abstract: Lubricants for internal-combustion engines are obtained by intimately mixing a mineral and a non-mineral oil, allowing the mixture to stand, and drawing off the top and bottom layer separately.  In an example 12 lb. of mineral oil having a viscosity of 600 Saybolt at 100 DEG  C. are heated and stirred with 7 lb. of castor oil until at about 60 DEG  C. complete solution takes place.  The solution is allowed to cool to 20 DEG  C. and to stand until separation is complete.  The lower layer consisting of a solution of mineral oil in castor oil is withdrawn, and preferably is diluted with 2/3 its weight of castor oil to prevent further separation at or above 0 DEG C.  The intermediate layer of "foots" is then drawn off and the remaining layer of castor oil in mineral oil is cooled to 0 DEG  C., allowed to stand and the upper layer drawn off.  A variety of products may be obtained by (1) varying the proportions of mineral and non-mineral oils; or (2) varying the temperature to which the mixture is cooled; or (3) cooling the separated layers and separating further layers.
Patent GB-813818-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric insulators
Inventor: DEY PHANIBHUSAN
IPC: H01B17/20
Filed: 1956-10-29
Abstract: 813,818. Insulators; cable couplings; fusible cut-outs. BRITISH. INSULATED CALLENDER'S CONSTRUCTION CO. Ltd., and BRITISH INSULATED CALLENDER'S CABLES Ltd. Oct. 28, 1957 [Oct. 29, 1956; Sept. 19, 1957]. Nos. 32993/56 and 29540/57. Classes 36 and 38 (1).  The spindle 30 of an overhead line insulator comprises a rigid tube or rod of resinbonded inorganic fibre of high tensile strength. A solid spindle may consist of 25-30 per cent bonding resin and 70-75 per cent glass filaments disposed substantially parallel to the axis of the spindle. A tubular spindle may be built up from helically applied layers of resin-bonded glass fibre yarns, rovings or tapes and may enclose a lightning arrester, spark gap or other protective device, capacitative and/or resistive elements for stress control or a tapping lead which may include a fuse 31. One or more grading rings may be provided on the surface of the spindle. The spindle may be secured in a recess in the insulator by a mineral-filled synthetic resin cement and to a support by gluing or screwing. Alternatively the end of the spindle may carry a threaded metal sleeve or stud for securing to a support. Specification 745,317, [Group X], is referred to.
Patent GB-1153494-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the Control of Liquid Metal Flow.
Inventor: HACKNEY STANLEY
IPC: G21C17/07
Filed: 1966-07-22
Abstract: 1,153,494. Reactors. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. 4 July, 1967 [22 July, 1966], No. 33031/66. Heading G6C. In a liquid metal cooled nuclear reactor, the coolant flow is directed into monitor chambers 11 and 12 by electromagnetic pumping or braking. Sampling pipes 15, 16, 17 and 18, from the fuel channels, pass coolant through the first chamber 11, through the branch pipes 21. The coolant returns to the reactor from the outlet 22, and the BF 3  counter 13 detects the presence of fission products in 11. To localize the faulty fuel elements, coolant from each sampling pipe is directed through an associated branch 20 by either an electromagnetic pump 24 or brake 23, into the second chamber 12 where radioactivity is detected by counter 14.