Patent GB-190023520-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass Bottles by Machinery and Apparatus therefor.
Inventor: HILL STAFFORD
Filed: 1900-12-22
Granted: 1901-12-21
Abstract: 23,520. Hill, S. Dec. 22. Blowing and m o u l d i ng bottles.-Fig. 3 shows the machine in sectional elevatior. A standard 1, mounted on a base 2 with wheels 3, carries a fixed table 5, on which the parison mould 8 and finishing-mould 43 are arranged alternately. The parison mould 8 is mounted on a loose plate 9, which is forced upwards by a stud 10 on a pivoted lever 12, provided with a counterbalance 15. The weight of the counterbalance is made to correspond with the amount of glass required to form the bottle, so that the plate 9 falls when the proper weight is placed in the mould. A bracket 18 swivels on the standard 1, and c a r r i e s sockets 19 in which slides a plunger 20. This plunger can be lowered by a handlever 21 acting through toggle links 23, 25 and a rod 27, but is normally raised by a counterbalance weight or weights 34 and 35. The plunger is hollow, to supply air or other gas for the blowing, the air valve being operated through Bowden or other mechanism by a lever 37. Near the lower end of the plunger is fixed a plate 48, which is connected by sliding rods 47, Fig. 37, and springs to a plate 42, Fig. 3, carrying the parts of the divided neck mould 39, which are provided with operating-handles 40. The neck mould is adapted to seat itself on the parison mould 8 or finishing-mould 43, and is held down thereon by clamps 45 operated by treadles 46. The construction of the plunger 20 is shown on an enlarged scale in Figs. 4 and 10. A rod 51 moves vertically in the plunger in suitable stuffing-boxes 52, 53, and carries a piston 54. The air &c. supply passes through a valve 61, and is either admitted by the passage 62 under the piston so as to raise it against the action of a spring 57, or through a passage 63 to the annular space between the rod 51 and the plunger 20. The rod 51 carries at its lower end a plug 68 which, when the rod is raised, closes the trumpet-shaped mouth 70 of the plunger. This formation causes the mouth of the piston to form an expansion-chamber for the air &c. when the rod 51 is lowered. The operation of the machine is as follows :-The molten metal having been placed in the parison mould, the plunger is lowered so that the neck mould seats itself on the parison mould. The plunger then further descends, forcing the metal up into the neck mould, the plunger, carrying with it the neck mould and the shaped parison, is raised, and the bracket 18 is swung round to bring the parison above the finishing mould, into which it is lowered. Air or other gas is now admitted through the passage 63, causing the rod 51 to fall so as to open the lower end of the plunger and thus blow the bottle. The neck mould is opened, and the plunger raised, leaving the formed bottle in the mould. The finishing-moulds may be in one or two pieces ; in the former case they are provided with a plunger in the bottom to eject the bottle. The neck mould is sometimes arranged so that it can be turned through an angle so as to produce a smooth neck. In this arrangement, the parts are mounted between the plate 42 and a lower plate connected thereto, suitable stops being provided to limit the angular movement. The neck mould may be further modified, as shown in Fig. 37, for the purpose of forming bottles with internal screws. The plunges 20 is encircled by a sleeve 78, having a screw 79 to form the thread in the bottle and also a screw 80 'of the same pitch which works in a female screw in the plate 42. The sleeve 78 carries a hand-wheel 83, by which the sleeve can be withdrawn from the finished bottle. The screw 80 may be dispensed with, the sleeve 78 being rotated to withdraw from the bottle by other means, such as a rack and broad pinion.