Patent GB-745161-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating compositions
Filed: 1953-04-30
Abstract: The preparation of diphosphorus compounds of general formula <FORM:0745161/IV(a)/1> where X is R or OR and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, Y is OAO or A and A is a hydrocarbon or oxahydrocarbon radical, is described.  (a) Bis-(dialkyl phosphono) alkanes of formula <FORM:0745161/IV(a)/2> where R1 is an alkylene radical of, for example, 3-12 carbon atoms, may be prepared by refluxing dialkyl phosphate and a suspension of sodium in a solvent such as heptane and adding a dibromoalkane.  (b) Bis-(alkylalkane phosphinico) alkanes of formula <FORM:0745161/IV(a)/3> may be prepared by treating a dialkyl alkanephosphonite with a dibromoalkane (Arbuzov reaction).  (c) Tetraalkylalkylenediphosphine oxides of formula <FORM:0745161/IV(a)/4> are prepared by treating a bis-(dialkyl phosphono) alkane with PCl5 to form a tetrachlorodiphosphonoalkane and reacting this product with an organo magnesium halide.  (d) Alkanediol bis-(dialkyl phosphates) of formula <FORM:0745161/IV(a)/5> are prepared by reaction of an alkylene glycol with a dialkyl chlorophosphate either in the presence of an HCl acceptor, e.g. amines such as trimethylamine, pyridine and dimethylaniline, or in which the HCl is removed by a current of air. (e) Alkanediol bis-(alkylalkane phosphonates) of formula <FORM:0745161/IV(a)/6> are prepared by reacting the acid halide of the corresponding mono-alkyl ester of the alkane phosphonic acid with a glycol, preferably in the presence of a hydrogen halide acceptor. (f) Alkanediol bis - (dialkane phosphinates) of formula <FORM:0745161/IV(a)/7> are prepared by reacting the corresponding dialkane phosphinic acid halide with a glycol, preferably in the presence of a hydrogen halide acceptor.  (g) Bis-(dialkyl phosphonoalkyl) ethers, bis-(alkylalkanephosphinico alkyl) ethers, and bis-(dialkyl phosphato alkyl) ethers are also referred to. Examples of the above types of compounds under (a)-(g) are given.ALSO:A lubricating composition comprising a major proportion of a lubricating oil and a minor proportion of an epoxy compound and of a metal salt of a condensation product of an aldehyde with a phenol or thiophenol of formula <FORM:0745161/III/1> where Ar is a mono- or polynuclear ring system, X is oxygen or sulphur, Y is a non-hydrocarbon radical such as a nitro or amino group or a chlorine atom, R is a hydrocarbon radical having more than 1 carbon atom, n is at least 1 and m is 0 or 1.  Epoxy compounds referred to are various oxides, epoxyamino-alkanes, ethers, epihalohydrins and polyepoxides which may be monomers or polymers.  The metal salt may be the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or heavy metal salt of the condensation product of an alkyl phenol and an aliphatic aromatic or other cyclic aldehyde. Lubricating oils referred to are bright stock; phosphorus esters, e.g. alkyl phosphates, dialkyl hydrocarbon phosphonates, alkyl dialkane phosphinates and diphosphorus compounds such as bis dialkyl phosphono alkanes, bis alkyl alkane phosphinico alkanes, alkane diol-bis alkyl alkane phosphonates, alkane diol bis dialkane-phosphinates, alkane diol bis (dialkyl phosphates) tetraalkyl alkylenediphosphine oxides and ethers such as bis (dialkyl phosphono alkyl) ethers, bis (alkyl alkane phosphinico alkyl) ethers and bis (dialkyl phosphate alkyl) ethers; esters of organic carboxylic acids, such as the complete esters of aliphatic diacarboxylic acids; esters of silicic acid such as ortho-, meta- and polysilicates; esters of phosphorus, polycarboxylic or silicic acids with thia- or thio-alcohols; and polymers or copolymers of alkylene oxides, glycols and sulphur analogues thereof.  Many examples of lubricating oils and of the 2 additives are referred to.  Optional ingredients mentioned are polymerized methacrylates, 2, 6-ditert.-butyl-4-methyl phenol, phenyla naphthylamine and bis (p-dimethyl-amino phenyl) methane.