baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1422694-A (GB)
Title: Process for recovering methacrylic acid and methanol
IPC: C07C51/48
Filed: 1973-04-02
Abstract: 1422694 Recovery of methacrylic acid and of methanol MITSUBISHI RAYON CO Ltd 2 April 1973 15649/73 Heading C2C Methacrylic acid is separated from an aqueous solution (A) containing 3-50% by weight of methacrylic acid and 0À1-14% acetic acid; and simultaneously methanol is separated from a mixture (B) containing at least 40% methylmethacrylate, 3-4% methanol and 22% or less water, by feeding mixture (B), either as a single mixture or as separate compositions which together make up (B), close to one end of a columntype extractor, further water (C) close to the other end and (A) at an intermediate point, thereby effecting countercurrent contact of an aqueous phase with an organic phase, and withdrawing an organic phase consisting mainly of methacrylic acid and methylmethacrylate from the end of the reactor at which (C) is fed, and an aqueous phase consisting mainly of methanol, water and acetic acid from the other end; the weight ratio of (B) to (A) is between 0À2 : 1 and 3À0 : 1, and that between (C) and (A) is between 0À1 : 1 and 3À0 : 1. (A) may be an aqueous product from the oxidation of isobutene and/or methacrolein, and all or part of (B) may be crude ester obtained by esterifying methacrylic acid with methanol; further methylmethacrylate may be mixed with the crude ester to form (B), either externally or by supplying the two streams to the extractor by separate inlets which are close together. The organic phase from the column may be distilled to separate acid from ester, and the aqueous phase from the column may be distilled to recover methanol for recycle to the esterification.
Patent GB-151698-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the treatment of argentiferous sulphide ores
IPC: C22B3/10
Filed: 1919-06-23
Abstract: In a process of the kind described in Specification 127,641 in which lead zinc sulphide ores containing silver are treated with brine or the like and an acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, or alkali bisulphate for dissolving the lead and silver and leaving the zinc sulphide unattacked, the solubility of the silver is increased by a suitable heat treatment of the ore or of the residual zinc sulphide when containing silver.  The heat treatment may be a simple heating in a closed vessel or in an open vessel in contact with air, or in a neutral or reducing atmosphere such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen, temperatures of 400-700 DEG  C. being mentioned, the time of heating being about one hour. Alternatively, the heat treatment may be effected in the presence of a reagent which acts upon some or all of the lead sulphide, for instance a halogen salt such as sodium chloride in the presence of an oxidizing gas at a temperature above 400 DEG  C., and in this case the temperature may be high enough to volatilize some of the lead as chloride or oxychloride, the conditions, however, being such that the zinc sulphide remains for the most part undecomposed; a temperature of 861 DEG  C. is mentioned in this connexion.  The solvents mentioned are sodium magnesium or calcium chloride containing hydrochloric acid or a salt such as cupric chloride, or both. Specification 129,773 is referred to.
Patent GB-547655-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hair wavers and curlers
IPC: A45D2/24
Filed: 1941-12-08
Abstract: 547,655. Hair curlers. COAKLEY, F. J. Dec. 8, 1941. No. 15799. [Class 131] The hair curler described in Specification 389,764 is modified in that the perforated core 1 is provided with a slot 6 through which the end of the strand of hair is passed and then wound around the core 1 after which the cage 5 is closed over the hair as described in the said Specification.
Patent GB-812517-A (GB)
Title: Pressure sensitive adhesive tape
Inventor: SCHACHT ELMER CLARENCE
IPC: C09J7/29
Filed: 1957-05-17
Abstract: 812,517. Adhesive tapes; laminates. NORTON CO. May 17, 1957, No. 15820/57. Class 140. An adhesive tape comprises a backing member, a layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive on at least one side of said backing member, and a woven reinforcement for said backing member, said reinforcement having a minimum ratio of warp threads per inch to fill threads per inch of 1.9 to 1, said reinforcement being positioned between said backing member and said layer of adhesive, or on the opposite side of said backing member to said layer of adhesive, or incorporated in said backing member as an integral part thereof. The number of fill threads may be at least 10 per inch and the warp thread, which may be of continuous or of staple lengths, may be of the same or of different material from the fill threads. The material of the warp threads may be glass or an organo synthetic material, e.g. rayon, and that of the fill threads may be cotton, rayon or cellulose acetate. The backing member may be paper, cloth, non woven fabrics or non-fibrous films, e.g. regenerated cellulose, cellulose acetate or polyvinyl chloride. The woven reinforcement may be contained in a bonding layer of known composition, e.g. pressure-sensitive or non-pressure-sensitive rubber resin mass such as butadiene-styrene or butadiene-acrylonitrile. Known pressure-sensitive adhesives may be used and contain natural rubber, hydrogenated coumarone-indene, lanolin and alkylated polyhydric phenol.
Patent GB-744081-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a process for the utilization of acetylene and ethylene mixtures
IPC: C07C7/148
Filed: 1953-06-10
Abstract: A mixture of acetylene and ethylene is chlorinated by contacting at 50-200 DEG  C. with a liquid phase catalyst comprising a mixture of copper chlorides whose activity is maintained by contact with a mixture of hydrogen chloride and an oxygen-containing gas, transdichlorethylene is recovered from the reaction mixture, and a residual gas enriched in ethylene is separated.  The initial mixture may be obtained by cracking saturated hydrocarbons, preferably an ethane fraction, at 1100-1600 DEG  C., and separating a fraction containing acetylene and ethylene, preferably in equimolar proportions.  This is passed with 2 mols of hydrogen chloride per mol. of acetylene and excess of air through a solution containing cuprous, cupric, and ammonium chlorides in hydrochloric acid. By-product hydrogen chloride, e.g. from organic chlorinations or dehydrochlorinations, may be used.  One or more stages may be used to obtain substantially pure ethylene as a residual gas.  The catalyst solution may be circulated against an upward flow of hydrocarbons in a tower, and then regenerated by an air stream in another tower before recycling.  Residual gas enriched in ethylene may be reacted with a reagent selective for ethylene, the reactions being controlled to give a tail gas suitable for recycle with fresh feed to the first stage as in Specification 744,079.  The ethylene reaction may be conversion to chlorhydrin as in Specification 744,076; chlorination to the dichloride as in Specification 744,080; conversion to ethyl chloride as in Specification 744,078; conversion with benzene to styrene as in Specification 744,082.
Patent GB-778284-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in reinforced concrete constructional elements
IPC: E04C5/065
Filed: 1953-12-21
Abstract: 778,284. Metal girders. RHEINBAU GES. Dec. 21. 1953 [Dec. 22, 1952], No. 16034/56. Divided out of 778,283. Classes 20(2) and 20(4) A reinforced concrete girder comprises an upper boom 9 connected by oppositely sloping braces 11 to two lower booms 10; embedded in a slab 12 of concrete. The booms 10 are connected by clips 13. The reinforcement may be the girder described in Specification 778,283 formed by slitting and expanding a metal sheet. A number of these girders are placed side by side with grouted in blocks between to form a floor or ceiling. The girders are shown supporting ceiling panels. Fig. 5 (not shown).
Patent GB-300594-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of dyestuffs of the pyrone series
IPC: C09B11/08
Filed: 1927-06-16
Abstract: 300,594. Carpmael, K., Carpmael, K. S., and I. G. Farbenindustrie, Akt.- Ges. June 16, 1927. Addition to 247,003. Pyrone dyestuffs, prepared according to the parent Specification, are freed from secondary products, usually of a browner shade by converting the dyestuff acids into salts, and separating the more soluble secondary products. According to an example, the dyestuff acid obtained as described in example 1 of the parent Specification from 2: 6-dichlorbenzaldehyde and 2 : 4-dioxy-3- methylbenzoic acid, is dissolved in aqueous sodium carbonate and the pyrone dyestuff separated as a sodium salt by adding sodium chloride. It dyes wool clear red shades from an acid bath; clear shades are also obtained on chroming. If caustic soda lyes be added, as well as sodium chloride to the normal sodium salt solution, a basic sodium salt of the pyrone dyestuff is obtained. The pyrone dyestuffs obtained from o- and m-chlorbenzaldehyde and from 2- chlorbenzaldehyde-5-sulphonic acid may be freed from secondary products in a similar manner, but in the case of the dye containing a sulpho group a larger quantity of potassium carbonate must be added to salt it out. In the case of other pyrone dyes containing sulpho groups, the calcium, barium or lead salts must be produced in order t° separate them from the secondary dyestuffs. The latter are obtained from the filtrates, by adding mineral acid, after salting out the clear pyrone dyestuffs.
Patent GB-332342-A (GB)
Title: Tool-holder for pneumatic hammer and locking means therefor
IPC: B25D17/08
Filed: 1929-05-24
Abstract: 332,342. Colinet, A. May 24, 1929. Percussive drills.-In a percussive tool, the tool 4 is guided by a sleeve 38 in a tool holder 3 which is screwed to the cylinder 2. The tool is provided with a collar 35 which abuts against the edges of the cylinder and also with a projection 36 which projects into the cylinder. An elastic washer 37 is fitted to prevent vibration during idle strokes. The cylinder head 1 and the tool holder 3 are locked by a blade-spring 24 fitted in grooves in each.
Patent GB-844514-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of a coffee extract in the form of a dry powder
IPC: A23F5/34
Filed: 1958-05-20
Abstract: Dry coffee extract powder is produced by making an aqueous infusion from roasted and ground whole coffee beans, adding a non-fatty volatile organic solvent of low boiling point which dissolves the aroma and flavour substances and then desiccating the infusion while containing the solvent to obtain a powder substantially free from the solvent, the aroma and flavour substances remaining in the powder. The extract and solvent mixture is preferably homogenized before desiccation and is preferably reduced to a powder before removal of the solvent commences.  Preferably the boiling point of the solvent is below the maximum temperature reached by the mixture before the completion of the desiccation, the final temperature of the dry powder being about 80 DEG C.  During spray drying the infusion may be heated to 65 to 85 DEG C.  The solvents used are non aqueous water immisable non fatty liquids e.g. pure aliphatic petroleum distillate chloroform dichlorethylene and pentane and 2 to 2,8% by volume of the solution is solvent.  In Example 1, one litre of aqueous coffee infusion containing 20% soluble coffee solids is shaken with 20 c.c. pure aliphatic petroleum distillate of boiling point range 36 to 45 DEG C. and then homogenized.  Then the mixture is desiccated in a spray dryer into which it is introduced at room temperature and meets air at 200 to 250 DEG C., the powder falling to the bottom.  The spray temperature remains low e.g. 50 to 60 DEG C., until it is dry when it rises to 65 to 85 DEG C.  Two further examples are given using chloroform and chloroethylene.
Patent GB-881339-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of hydrazines
IPC: C07C241/02
Filed: 1960-05-06
Abstract: In a method for the preparation of unsymmetrical dialkylhydrazines by hydrogenating dialkylnitrosoamines having less than 6 carbon atoms in each alkyl radical, in the presence of nickel as a catalyst, the catalyst is pre-treated by contacting with a dialkylnitrosoamine for at least five minutes in a hydrogen free atmosphere.  The preferred catalyst is Raney nickel and the pretreatment may be by aqueous or anhydrous dialkyl nitrosoamines or mixtures thereof for up to two hours at 0 DEG C. to 180 DEG C. Examples describe the preparation of unsymmetrical dimethyl-, diethyl, dipropyl and dipentyl hydrazines by hydrogenation of the corresponding nitrosoamines at elevated pressure using pretreated Raney, sponge nickel, or nickel supported on kieselguhr to give increased yield of product.  Specification 801,534 is referred to.
Patent GB-180224-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to bags or carriers for golf clubs and the like
IPC: A63B55/57
Filed: 1921-06-13
Abstract: 180,224. Kerlogue, H. G. June 13, 1921. Supporting devices for golf-club carriers. -Relates to that type of caddy-bag support in which a fitting attached to the mouth of the bag is furnished with a pair of legs which may be splayed out to form a tripod with the bag as the third leg. In the present invention the legs d are hinged to a plunger b which works in a cylinder a against the action of a compression spring c. A link e is pivoted to each leg and to the base of the cylinder a so that when the legs are splayed out the spring c is compressed. The device is attached to a caddy-bag by a spring-clip f.
Patent GB-892114-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric motors
Inventor: BARNES HAROLD ERNEST
IPC: H02K23/04
Filed: 1957-05-23
Abstract: 892,114. Electric motors. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. May 8, 1958 [May 23, 1957], No. 16344/57. Class 35. In a D.C. motor comprising a stator having a plurality of poles and an armature 9 having a plurality of salient poles 15 ... 17, cogging is reduced by making the air gap between the armature and the stator have a radial extent which is largest at the centres of the stator poles and decreases gradually away from such centres. As shown, the stator is a permanent magnet 3 having an elliptical bore whose major axis coincides with the centres of polarization N, S, and the magnet has either a cylindrical external surface or a constant cross-sectional thickness. It fits tightly in one section 1 of a preferably injection moulded housing, the other section 2 of which carries brushes 6, 7 and is angularly movable relatively to the magnet and section 1 to adjust the commutation. The salient poles lie on a cylindrical surface, are mounted on a two-part shaft 11, 13 supported in bearings 12, 14, and carry coils, not shown, connected in star formation to a commutator 8. The motor is suitable for driving the turn-table of a battery-operated gramophone record-playing apparatus and embodies a governor assembly 10. In the Provisional Specification the coils are connected in parallel.
Patent GB-769840-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical transformers
IPC: H01F38/08
Filed: 1955-06-07
Abstract: 769,840. Transformers. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. June 7, 1955 [June 10, 1954], No. 16345/55. Class 38 (2). A high voltage transformer more particularly for producing the anode voltage for a cathoderay tube has a disc-shaped secondary winding 5 characterized in that the wire 11 is wound with a continuously increasing radius in layers shaped in the form of truncated cones, the winding being embedded in a smooth flat disc of thermoplastic insulating material. A method of winding, the disc is to. wind the wire 11 together with a strip 13 of thermoplastic material, the wire being moved to and fro in an axial direction. The output from the winding 5 is rectified by a diode 9 of which the heater is fed by a winding 7, the transformer being energized by a primary winding 3.
Patent GB-430857-A (GB)
Title: Novel or improved cover for cycle and like chains
IPC: B62M9/10
Filed: 1934-06-01
Abstract: 430,857. Chain covers for cycles &c. MORRALL, J. W., 20, Martin Street, Parkfield Road, Wolverhampton. June 1, 1934, No. 16346. [Class 136 (i)] In a cover for cycle chains and other sprocket chains, of the type comprising a series of small covers of resilient sheet metal adapted to be sprung over the links of the chain, the small covers overlap and are articulated to each other and joined to the chain on the axes of the chain rivets. As shown in side elevation in Fig. 2 and plan in Fig. 3, each cover is bent to form two side walls a and an outer wall a<1>, the walls being steppedout at a<2>, a<3> (or alternatively inclined) so that the covers fit into one another in overlapping relationship, as shown in Fig. 6. Each side wall has two pressed-out parts C<2>, C<3> forming depressions C, C<1>, the depression C fitting over the rivet head b' of the chain, and the depression C<1> over the projection C<2> of the adjacent cover. The covers are held in place by the resilience of the side walls. The depressions C<1> may be replaced by holes in the side walls.
Patent GB-1157566-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for Heat Treating Glass Sheets.
IPC: C03B23/03
Filed: 1967-04-11
Abstract: 1,157,566. Bending glass sheets. LIBBEYOWENS-FORD GLASS CO. 11 April, 1967 [18 April, 1966], No. 16413/67. Heading C1M. In a glass bending machine having upper and lower moulds, the lower being of skeleton or ring construction, and in which a stream of cooling air is directed on to the bottom surface of the glass prior to removing it from the lower mould (see Specification 1,052,473 Division C1), a construction for blowing air on to the bottom surface is disclosed. Parallel tubes 80 extend transversely of the sheet and underneath the lower mould 45a and each consist of concentric tubes 80, 97 the former having holes 81 at intervals and the latter having a perforate portion 90. The indirect path thus formed for the air gives a uniform cooling effect and thus improves the optical quality of the sheet. To promote a greater air-flow, instead of air inlet pipe 85 being sealed to tube 80, it may form an injector therewith and thus draw in ambient air to augment the cooling air. An electrical sequential automatic control circuit for the machine is disclosed.
Patent GB-1201850-A (GB)
Title: Determination of halide ion concentration
Inventor: WEBSTER PETER VERNON
IPC: G01N27/416
Filed: 1968-04-05
Abstract: 1,201,850. Chromatographic determination of total halide ion. BRITISH PETROLEUM CO. Ltd. 8 April, 1969 [5 April, 1968], No 16440/ 68. Heading B1X. The total halide ion present in aqueous solutions in low concentrations together with sulphur-containing anions is determined by passing an eluent solution containing Pb++ ions through a cation exchange resin in the Pb form, the Pb<SP>++</SP> concentration in the solution being sufficient to precipitate sulphide ions present but too low to interfere with the operation of the detector, injecting the test solution into the eluent stream, and monitoring the column effluent with a detector sensitive to halide ions, e.g. an Ag/Ag Cl electrode. The eluent is suitably 0.01-0.0001 N lead acetate solution and the process is particularly applicable to the aqueous overhead from oil refinery crude oil desalters.
Patent GB-1049401-A (GB)
Title: Steam condensers
Inventor: PATERSON JOHN CRAIG
IPC: F01K11/02
Filed: 1964-04-21
Abstract: 1,049,401. Steam turbines. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. April 14, 1965 [April 21, 1964], No. 16530/64. Heading F1T. [Also in Division B1] A steam turbine plant includes low pressure cylinders 11 supported within a condenser casing 17 by columns 23 which also form spray headers for the condenser. Further rows of headers 23 integral with, or adjacent to, the walls of the casing stiffen the walls. Struts 24 brace the headers. Cooling water is supplied to the condenser by pipes 21 connected to ducts 22A, 22B feeding respective rows of headers. Blanking and curtain plates 29, 30 may extend the length of each side of the condenser to separate the spray nozzles 28 into upper and lower groups 26, 27 respectively. The cooling water and condensate is drawn off through outlets 31. The casing 17 is supported through brackets 18 and sliding feet 19, Fig. 1 (not shown), on pillars 20. The turbine rotor shaft 12, Fig. 1, is supported on bearing beams 12A supported by struts from the foundations below the condenser.
Patent GB-754034-A (GB)
Title: Films for packaging
IPC: C08C19/12
Filed: 1954-06-04
Abstract: Rubber hydrochloride film used for packaging is given greater strength during handling, shipment, etc., prior to display of the packaged articles, by including a fugitive plasticizer in the film (e.g. dimethyl phthalate, diisobutyl adipate, ethyl adipate, dibutyl succinate, butyl "carbitol" acetate and diethyl phthalate up to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts rubber hydrochloride) which is such that it would evaporate from the film if both surfaces were exposed to a temperature of 110 DEG F. for substantially seven days.  The fugitive plasticizer evaporates from the film when it is displayed or stored and it thus becomes more impervious to the passage of gas or vapour.  The film may also contain a permanent plasticizer.  In an example, film for bagging dried fruit comprised in parts by weight: butyl stearate 7.5, di-isobutyladipate 5, rubber hydrochloride 100.
Patent GB-614947-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to image-producing screens for cathode-ray tubes
IPC: H01J29/28
Filed: 1946-05-31
Abstract: 614,947. Cathode-ray tubes. GOFF, G. B. F., and CATHODEON, Ltd. May 31, 1946, No. 16673. [Class 39 (i)] A fluorescent cathode-ray tube screen is covered with a thin film of ethyl cellulose by flooding the screen with a layer of water or other liquid, and floating on to it a solution of ethyl cellulose, which may contain a plasticiser of the alkyl phthalate type. On the solvent evaporating, a continuous coating of ethyl cellulose is left over the water surface. The water is then run out by tilting the containing bulb, leaving the ethyl cellulose film in close contact with the screen. On this film, after drying, is deposited a thin film of conducting material, e.g. aluminium, beryllium or magnesium. Specification 558,323 is referred to.
Patent GB-1516472-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of aromatic phosphonic acid diesters
IPC: C07F9/40
Filed: 1976-04-26
Abstract: 1516472 Preparing azo dyes containing phosphonic acid diester groups IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 11 March 1977 [26 April 1976 27 May 1976] 16778/76 and 22053/76 Heading C4P [Also in Division C2] Azo dyes containing phosphonic acid diester groups are prepared by a process in which an azo compound of formula:- (where Ar<SP>1</SP> is a benzene or a naphthalene radical having a halogen atom ortho to the azo group and E is a coupling component radical) is contacted with a phosphorous acid diester of formula HO-P(OR) 2  (where R is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl) in the presence of copper as a copper compound, to give the corresponding compound in which the halogen atom is replaced by the group -P(O)(OR) 2 .