Patent GB-190323007-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Pattern-controlled Machines for Printing, Type-casting, Type-setting, or analogous purposes, and in Clutches employed therewith
Inventor: TIMMIS WALTER STOTT
Filed: 1903-10-24
Granted: 1904-06-23
Abstract: 23,007. Timmis, W. S. Oct. 24. Type-writers and like machines; type; type-setting.-Relates to printing, type-casting, type-setting, matrix-making, and other pattern-controlled machines intended to produce justified lines of types or impressions from type, and more particularly to machines controlled by the perforated strips or patterns produced by the apparatus described in Specification No. 23,006, A.D. 1903. The carriage of the machines moves, at the production of spaces as well as characters, by complete units of movements only, the fractions of units, if any, represented on the pattern, being mechanically accumulated until equalling a unit, and then, preferably being transmitted to the carriage only as part of the production of the space between words. Any fractions of units remaining at the end of the line are, in practice, rejected by restoring the accumulator to' zero. The perforated pattern-strip is positively fed from a roll by rollers A<9>, A<10>, which engage guide openings near the edges of the pattern, the strip being subsequently disengaged from the feed rollers by a curved plate A<13>. The pawl and ratchet A<15> of the feed rollers are actuated from a cam A<24> on the main shaft D of the machine through a roller A<23>, a shaft A<21>, and an arm A<16>, against the pressure of a spring A<25>. Connected to the rocking shaft A<21> by an arm and link A<27> is a rectangular frame A<28> carrying a number of spring-pressed pins B, A<31> .... A<48>, which may be moved respectively by the connections described into and out of electric circuitclosing position with similarly-arranged wires B<1>, A<54> .... A<71>. The main shaft D of the machine is driven from the shaft E by means of an electrically-operated clutch, Fig. 7, which is combined with a braking-device. A ring H<1> keyed on the shaft D is held in contact with the driving- member H' by a spring H<5> until the electromagnet H is energized, when the ring H<1> overcomes the pressure of the spring H<5>, disconnects from the driving-member H<2>, and, biting upon the magnet, holds the shaft D against rotation. When, as at the conclusion of an article, the pattern contains no controlling perforations, the clutch, after being disconnected, is maintained so by means of a locking-arm R<10> actuated by an electromagnet H<8>, the circuit through the magnets H, H<8> being then broken by the engagement of a trip pin with one of the contact arms. The main shaft D carries and drives a rotary switch comprising a main contact L' and branching plates L<2>, L<3>, situated at opposite sides of L'. The type or characters M<6> are preferably arranged upon a cylinder M<3>, all characters of a row being of the same width, and upon the same cylinder are a number of locking- openings M<5>. The cylinder, which may be changed, is moved longitudinally towards the left to an extreme position by a cam D<1>, and is oscillated upwardly to an extreme position by a cam D', on the main shaft D, against the pressure of springs. The selection of the particular character required is effected by spring-pressed bars or stops, which limit the longitudinal and rotary movements of the cylinder. The stops M<25> ..... M<33> have at their upper ends extensions, which, when the stops are raised, are interposed in the path of longitudinal return of the cylinder M<3>, the raised stops being locked by a bar M<45> carried by the sliding block M<43>, which by means of a lever actuated by a cam D<1> on the shaft D moves the cylinder M<3> along the shaft M<8>. The stops M<34> ...... M<42> are provided at their upper ends with hooks, which, when the stops are operated, engage with and lock spirally-arranged projections M<16> ....... M<24>, which are then interposed in the path of the rotary return movement of the cylinder. The cylinder may be locked in any arrested position by the engagement of a pin m with one of the openings M<5>, the pin being arranged to yield to prevent breakage in the event of its not registering with an opening. The stops are actuated by electromagnets, such as A<72> ..... and a<1> ..... a<9> included in the circuits of the pattern-mechanism contact-pins B, A<31> ..... A<48>. The patternstrip is provided with openings representing characters, openings representing spaces between the words of the line of characters, and openings, located at the end of the line, representing in units and tenths of units the average amount of space to be inserted at each space in the line in order to justify the same. In order that the last-named openings shall first of all control the setting of the stops &c. which will cause the production, between each word of a line of characters, of the amount of space represented by such stops &c., the patternstrip is usually fed through a machine in a direction the reverse of its production. The movements of the carriage carrying the paper upon which the characters are printed or impressed is limited by spacing-stops and by width or " fatness" stops. The unit spacing-stops M<105> ... M<111> and the fraction spacing-stops M<112> ... M<121> are, excepting the stops M<121>, flexibly mounted upon the cylinder stops M<25> ... M<42>, as shown in Fig. 14. When the cylinder stops are moved, the spacing-stops exert a tendency to move upwardly or downwardly, actual movement being, however, prevented by a locking-bar M<68> until after a line has been completed and a new line is to be commenced. The bar M<68> is operated for locking operations by a spring M<122> , and for unlocking operations by a lever M<123>, connected to the armature M<124> of the "line-trip" electromagnet C<2>, which is only energized at the end of a line by connections made by a " line-trip " opening in the pattern-strip. The four spring-pressed stops for the varying width or " fatness " of the characters are preferably operated by the cylinder stops. One of the "fatness" stops is shown in Fig. 14, recessed parts M<201> in the cylinder stops engaging with plates M<61> or M<62> on the stop. The spacing and "fatness" stops control the movement of the carriage, of which the unit of movement may be varied by changing the gearing. During the production, assembling, or impressing of characters, a stop M<71> on a sleeve M<70> is opposed by raised "fatness" stops. When, however, a space hole occurs in the pattern strip, the magnet B<3> is put into circuit through the pin B', and a shaft M69 is rocked to bring a stop on the sleeve M<70> into position to be opposed by a spacing stop, when the sleeve is reciprocated by the pull of a spring upon a lever O<2> pivoted to the carriagedriving shaft O<6>. The sleeve M'‹ is restored to position by a projection O<33> on a rod O<55>, operated by the engagement of a roller O<50> on a lever O<51> in a cam on the main shaft D, the shock due to the carriage being taken up by a buffer consisting of a plunger on the carriage entering a cylinder on the machine frame. The apparatus for accumulating the fractions spacing stops until equalling unity, and for transferring the unit to the carriage-driving mechanism, comprises a fractions-sleeve sliding on the shaft M<69>, and provided with two stops so arranged that, when during the production of a space the shaft M<69> is rocked, one of the stops is brought into the path of the fractions-stops M<112> ... M<121>, and a wheel R", of which the axle is connected by a pinion and rack R<8> with the reciprocating bar O<55>, is operated in one direction a number of notches corresponding to the fractions spacing-stops until a unit is assembled, whereupon a cam R<25> transfers it through the arm R<26> and the wheel O<8> to the carriage-driving mechanism. The rocking shaft N<2>, which, through an arm N' operates the means for locking the cylinder, is utilized for operating the ink-feeding devices, Figs. 22, 23. By means of a pawl n<4> and a ratchet the feed roll n<6> in the ink fountain n<9> is actuated by a shaft N<2>, surplus ink being removed from the surface of the roll by an adjustable scraper plate n<11>. The distributing and inking mechanism is carried by the free end of a pivoted lever n<15>, which is raised against the action of a spring by a cam D' on the main shaft D. The inking-mechanism comprises rolls n<28>, n<29>, n<30>, geared or positivelyconnected to move simultaneously and at the same speed, the roll n<28> being still in contact with the distributing table n<13> while the roller n<30> is passing over the selected type of the cylinder, so that the roll n<30> is positively rolled over the face of the type. The paper carried by the carriage is brought into position to be impressed against the inked type of the cylinder M<3> by a lever rocked by a cam D<6> on the shaft D. The forcing of the paper against the inked type is effected by a hammer-headed swinging lever, which is controlled by an electromagnet B<5>. A switch on the lever which longitudinally drives the cylinder M' varies the resistance in the circuit of the electromagnet E<5>, thereby varying the pressure exerted by the printing-lever in accordance with the surface area of the character to be impressed. This variation in pressure may also be obtained by employing types of different heights irrespective of their unit widths, and by the use of an india-rubber or yielding block on the printing- lever, the hammer-head of which is preferably made of pressed fibre, celluloid, or other material which will not damage the type. The return of the carriage at the end of a line is effected by means of a line-trip opening in the pattern-strip, which allows the contacts C, C' to place the brake H<1> in circuit and temporarily stop the machine, and also place in circuit an electromagnet G to rock a plate S<10> pivoted upon the axle O<6> of the carriage-driving mechanism. The pawls O<3>, O<4>, and the arm R<26> are disengaged from the wheels O<5>, O<8>, and the carriage is restored by the spring drum. The complete return of the carriage