Patent GB-608665-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydrocarbon copolymers
IPC: C08F8/00
Filed: 1945-08-02
Abstract: The addition of an acetylated aromatic olefine interpolymer (see Group IV (a)) to mineral oils increases their viscosity index and depresses their pour points.  The addition improves the properties of mineral oils, e.g. lubricating oils and when made to more fluid oils, e.g. gas oil, kerosene or naphtha gives products useful for low-temperature hydraulic fluids.  A styreneisobutylene interpolymer is preferred, others specified are obtained by interpolymerization of styrene, methyl styrenes, indene or coumarone with isobutylene, isoamylene, iso-octylene, methyl-2-butene-1, propylene, n-butylenes and acrylonitrile. Tripolymers obtained by addition of diolefines to the reactants may also be used.  Specified acetylating agents are acyl chlorides and bromides derived from fatty acids preferably having at least 5 aliphatic carbon atoms.  Specification 513,521 is referred to.ALSO:Acylated low temperature aromatic olefine interpolymers are prepared by treatment of the interpolymers in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst with a material of formula R(YOX)n where X=halogen, Y=C, S or SO, n=1 to 3 and R=a hydrocarbon radical of valency n.  Specified acylating agents are acyl chlorides and bromides derived from fatty acids, e.g. palmitic, stearic, succinic, phenyl stearic, adipic, sebacic, cyclohexane carboxylic, phthalic, linoleic and dilinoleic acids and acids of soybean and corn oil; other agents listed are naphthenyl halides, oleyl, linoleyl or dilinoleyl chlorides, sulphonyl chlorides derived from paraffin wax, cyclohexyl sulphonyl chloride, octadecyl disulphonyl chloride and phenyl stearyl sulphonyl chloride. Listed interpolymers, obtained by copolymerisation of the mixed reactants below 0 DEG  C. in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst and preferably a inert volatile organic solvent or refrigerant, are derived from styrene, a - and p-methyl styrenes, a -p-dimethyl styrene, indene and coumarone with isobutylene, isoamylene, iso-octylene, methyl-2-butene-1, propylene, n-butylenes and acrylonitrile.  Suitable tripolymers are obtained by addition to the reactants of diolefines, e.g. butadiene, isoprene, chloro-butadiene, dimethyl butadiene, cyclopentadiene or hexadiene. The acylation is preferably carried out in an inert solvent, e.g. tetrachlorethane, refined petroleum naphtha, o-dichlorbenzene, ethylene dichloride and nitropropene at between room temperature and 300 DEG  F., preferably 150-250 DEG  F.  After acylation is complete residual catalyst is hydrolysed, the product washed and if desired, the solvent removed by distillation.  A small amount of mineral lubricating oil may be added before evaporation of the solvent.  The product ranges from a soft plastic material to a hard waxy solid useful for making films or mouldings and may be compounded with paraffin wax, asphalt, shellac, coumarone-indene or phenol-formaldehyde resins, cellulose acetate, benzyl cellulose, polystyrene, natural rubber, butadiene-styrene or acrylonitrile copolymers, isobutylene-isoprene copolymers or polyisobutylene or it may be used as an additive to lubricating oils, gas oils, kerosene or naphtha (see Group III).  The product may be chlorinated, oxidised, hydrogenated, reacted with chlorinated paraffin wax, sulphur, sulphur chloride or phosphorus pentasulphide. Specification 513,521 is referred to.