baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-364305-A1 (ES)
Title: Ionically modified glass by electric field impaction
IPC: C03C21/00
Filed: 1969-03-03
Abstract: Compressive stresses are created in a surface layer of a glass object by, in a first stage, replacing alkali metal ions in at least one surface layer of the glass by smaller alkali metal ions by ion exchange at above the strain point of the glass, and, in a second stage below the strain point, introducing, by electromigration, into a surface layer alkali metal ions larger than those introduced in the first stage. The glass may be a soda-lime-silica glass, in which case Na ions may be replaced by Li ions at above 500 C., followed by introduction of Na or K ions by electromigration at below 450 C. The first stage ion exchange may be carried out by immersing the glass wholly or partly in a molten salt bath, e.g. of 66 wt. per cent LigSO 4 and 34 wt. per cent MnSO 4 . The bath may be contained in a borosilicate glass vessel jacketed with stainless steel. The second, electromigration stage is carried out in the apparatus shown, wherein a layer 1 of paste is placed on an aluminium support 2. The paste may be 48% (by weight) Al 2 O 3 and 52% KNO 3 or NaNO 3 . A platinum ring electrode 3 is inserted in the paste, and the glass sample 4 laid over the paste (the glass is referred to hereafter as a Na glass). Further paste 5 is added on top of 4, and a platinum disc electrode 6 applied. The electrodes are connected to a D.C. source so that Na or K ions migrate into the glass from the anodic layer 1. Ion migration occurs on a plane front through the glass. The four main variants of the process are, with reference to sheets of Na-containing glass:-(i) first stage ion exchange (replacing Na by Li) in both surfaces, followed by electromigration of K ions in one surface only, giving the stress profile Compression - Tension - Unstressed - Compression through the sheet (ii) replacement of Na by Li in only one surface, followed by K electromigration into the same surface, giving a Compression-Tension-Unstressed profile (iii) replacement of Na by Li in one surface only, followed by K electromigration into the opposite surface, giving a Compression-Unstressed-Compression profile and (iv) replacement of Na by Li in one surface only, followed by electromigration of Na ions into the opposite surface, giving an Unstressed - Compression profile, wherein the compressed surface layer has the same composition as the remainder of the sheet.
Patent ES-377624-A1 (ES)
Title: Frequency modulation demodulation system
IPC: H03D3/24
Filed: 1970-03-17
Abstract: An iterative-type FM demodulator comprises a first FMFB demodulator coupled to the original input signal. The output of the first demodulator is coupled to modulate a voltage-controlled oscillator. The oscillator output is mixed with the original input signal. The resultant output of the mixer is demodulated by a second FM demodulator which may be of the feedback type. The output of the second demodulator is added as a correction signal to the output of the first demodulator to provide the desired system output signal. This system has greater threshold extension than obtainable with presently employed FMFB demodulator. The circuit arrangement coupled to the output of the first demodulator may be repeated a number of times and coupled in cascade with each other to provide a further threshold extension.
Patent ES-389654-A1 (ES)
Title: Reverse osmosis separation apparatus
IPC: B01D63/06
Filed: 1971-03-27
Abstract: A reverse osmosis liquid purification unit particularly adapted for home use in conjunction with low pressure water systems. The unit is adapted to receive water from a low pressure source to provide pure water that would otherwise be unobtainable for such purposes as drinking and direct all unpurified water to appliances within the home utilizing water without wastage.
Patent ES-403738-A1 (ES)
Title: Reactor for the production of lead oxide with a high free-lead content
IPC: C09C1/14
Filed: 1972-06-10
Abstract: A reactor for partially oxidizing molten lead with air to produce lead oxide with a high free-lead content includes a chamber, a variable speed rotatable stirrer positioned in the chamber, an air inlet venturi extending into the chamber and inclined from the vertical in the direction of rotation of the stirrer, a spout for introducing molten lead into the chamber, a deflector mounted upstream of the spout with respect to the direction of rotation of the stirrer, an exhaust duct for the lead oxide extending into the chamber, being substantially aligned with the vertical axis of the chamber and having adjustable holes communicating with the atmosphere, means for cooling the chamber and means for creating a sub-atmospheric pressure in the chamber.
Patent ES-410449-A1 (ES)
Title: Continuous monitoring of eccentricity and coaxial capacitance variables during electrical insulation extrusion
IPC: B29C48/92
Filed: 1972-12-29
Abstract: A system for monitoring telephone cable insulation and jacket wall thickness and centering during manufacture consists of four capacitive probe segments spaced at 90 DEG intervals with a dielectric gap separating adjacent segments. The probe is flanked by guard tubes which along with each segment are connected to a switch capable of placing any or all segments at guard potential. In various configurations ordered by the switch, capacitance measurements are made to yield indicia of coaxial capacitance, eccentricity and ovality.
Patent ES-414344-A1 (ES)
Title: Hydrodynamic transmission
IPC: F16H47/08
Filed: 1973-05-03
Abstract: Four forward speed and reverse transmission having three planetary gear sets, four clutches, and two brake bands, certain components of which are substantially identical. The housing for the transmission is in two sections with the rear section containing two clutches and one planetary gear set. The forward housing section contains two clutches, two planetary gear sets and two brake bands.
Patent ES-418018-A1 (ES)
Title: Circuit breaker with overcurrent and auxiliary releases
IPC: H01H73/26
Filed: 1973-08-20
Abstract: An automatic circuit breaker here includes a mechanism for manual opening and closing of the contacts, and an overcurrent release. Auxiliary release means is also included for opening of the contacts, as in response to a detected ground fault. The overcurrent release includes a latch that is caused to deflect laterally in response to an overcurrent, and the mechanism includes a shiftable latch part having a lateral surface that engages an abutment part of the overcurrent latch. Deflection of the latch, or retraction of the latch part effects release of the circuit breaker. An electromagnet has an armature for operating the shiftable latch part. The armature is located close to the shiftable latch part in the closed configuration of the mechanism, but there is no possible interference by the armature with any of the operating paths of the circuit breaker mechanism.
Patent ES-418662-A1 (ES)
Title: Valve system
IPC: F16K17/02
Filed: 1973-09-11
Abstract: The control valve is controlled in dependence on the pressure condition of the fluid flowing into the valve inlet. The valve closure member is under a biasing force independent of the electric motor to be moved into an open end position. In addition, the motor provides a force opposed to the biasing force to keep the valve closed. In order to release the closure member, the effect of the motor on the closure member is controlled via a switch, clutch or brake so that upon an increase in pressure over a set limit in the line to the valve, the closure member becomes biased into the open position.
Patent ES-421069-A1 (ES)
Title: Record card receiving and feeding apparatus
IPC: B65H1/26
Filed: 1973-12-01
Abstract: An apparatus for accepting a number of record cards and selectively feeding the cards, one at a time, to another station for operations such a reading and writing. In operation, an operator will insert the cards through an opening in the housing enclosing the apparatus. Beyond the opening in the housing is an expandable pressure throat made up of angularly extending wings integral with a rotatable card lifter and a rotatable pressure plate. With the stack of cards fully inserted and against a knife blade and guide, the stack is maintained intact by 1) a pressure roller connected to the pressure plate and forming part of the pressure throat, 2) card lifter rollers connected to the card lifter and forming another part of the pressure throat, and 3) the pressure plate itself forcing the stack against a baseplate carrying the card lifter. In the normal position a feed roller is spaced from the pressure roller, and is located on the same plane with the pressure and lifter rollers. The pressure plate is spring biased against the stack such that the stack is maintained intact in the vicinity of an exit throat and the entry throat. The feed roller is a continually rotating roller which is brought into contact with an outer card on the stack each time the card lifter is rotated. When this occurs, the outer card is ejected through the exit throat made up of an opening between the knife blade and a throat piece connected to the baseplate. Thereafter, the lifter is rotated back to its normal position and the cards are brought out of contact with the feed roller.
Patent ES-429228-A1 (ES)
Title: Feedback amplifier
IPC: H03F3/34
Filed: 1974-08-13
Abstract: A feedback stabilized differential signal amplifier exhibiting relatively good linearity which avoids the need for a signal bypass capacitor in the feedback circuit. Feedback is provided by means of a current repeater direct current coupled between an output terminal and the emitters of a pair of differentially coupled amplifier transistors. Bias current is provided to the amplifier transistors by a separate current control transistor. High frequency rolloff is determined by a capacitor coupled to one of the amplifier transistors in a Miller feedback arrangement. The circuit is suitable for construction in monolithic integrated circuit form.
Patent ES-433561-A1 (ES)
Title: Support strip for ready-for use arrangement of sliders in the manufacture of slide fasteners
IPC: A44B19/62
Filed: 1974-12-18
Abstract: A support strip preferably made of resilient material and adapted to permit a number of sliders to be removably mounted astraddle one of the longitudinal edges thereof for the sake of convenience in storage. A longitudinal row of spaced apart apertures is formed through the support strip substantially the full length thereof, such that when the sliders are later required for the assemblage of complete slide fasteners, the sliders can be fed to a desired assemblying machine with the support strip running over a sprocket having its teeth engaged in the successive apertures formed therein. A reciprocable push rod may be employed for removal of the successive sliders from the support strip.
Patent ES-438750-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for preparing impact resistant styrene polymers
IPC: B29C48/03
Filed: 1975-06-20
Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing impact resistant styrene graft copolymers having improved properties, especially a high gloss. They are obtained by polymerizing a solution of an ethylene/propylentercomponent rubber in a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile in one step (mass polymerization) or two steps (mass/suspension polymerization) in the presence of an organic peroxide and submitting the polymer to a two step extrusion, the first step being carried out at temperatures of from 130 DEG to 240 DEG C, the second step at temperatures of from 200 DEG to 280 DEG C, and providing that during the second extrusion step a quantity of about 0.05 to about 0.5% by weight of the organic peroxide is still present.
Patent ES-440189-A1 (ES)
Title: Triazolyl stilbene derivatives
IPC: D06L3/12
Filed: 1975-08-12
Abstract: Preparation of compounds of the formula < IMAGE > in which X and Y in each case denote hydrogen, C1-4-alkyl, cyano, -COOM, -COOR1, -CONR2R3, -SO2NR2R3, -SO2R1, -SOR1, - SO3R1 or -SO3M, R denotes an aromatic substituent customary in the 2-position of triazoles occurring in the field of anionic optical brighteners, R1 denotes C1-4-alkyl or phenyl, R2 and R3 independently of one another denote hydrogen or C1-4-alkyl or R2 and R3, together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, denote a 5- or 6-membered hetero ring and M denotes hydrogen or an equivalent of a non-chromophoric cation where only one of the two symbols X and Y represents hydrogen, C1-4-alkyl or -COOH, by cyclisation of the corresponding ketohydrazones, and, if desired, transformation of nitrile, carboxyl or carboxylic acid ester groups to carbamoyl or carboxyl groups and optical brightening using the compounds of the formula (I) as optical brighteners.
Patent ES-441981-A1 (ES)
Title: Machine for enveloping articles with plastics film
IPC: B65B9/093
Filed: 1975-10-22
Abstract: In a machine for enveloping an article with plastics film, the leading end of the film is held fast and a pusher moves the article in a path between the leading end of the film and a supply roll therefor so that a loop of film becomes partially slung about the article, whereupon a movable beam completes the loop prior to welding the loop ends together. A knife on a pivotable lever severs the loop and co-operates with a clamping lever to hold fast the new leading end of film for enveloping a successive article.
Patent ES-442579-A1 (ES)
Title: Effervescent enteric coated L-dopa formulation and method of using the same
IPC: A61K9/30
Filed: 1975-11-13
Abstract: Therapeutic levels of L-DOPA are achieved by orally administering a pharmaceutical effervescent-enteric coated tablet comprising:
Patent ES-445698-A1 (ES)
Title: Rapping shaft drive assembly for electrostatic precipitators
IPC: B03C3/76
Filed: 1976-03-02
Abstract: Rapping shaft drive assembly for electrostatic precipitators including a rotatably mounted isolator disposed between a rapping shaft and rapping shaft support means, the isolator including heat means therein and the support means including at least two rollers in communication only in points with the isolator whereby heat transmitted from the heated isolator to the rollers is minimized.
Patent ES-446068-A1 (ES)
Title: Malting at low moisture
IPC: C12C1/047
Filed: 1976-03-15
Abstract: This invention relates to malting, i.e. the conversion of cereal grain to malt. The invention provides a method of malting in which cereal grain is submitted to at least one treatment designed to rupture its surface without damaging the germinative ability of the grain, the grain is steeped, the moisture content of the said steeped and treated grain being insufficient to allow, during 5 days' subsequent storage in presence of air at 16 DEG C, a growth of roots having a dry weight equal to more than 0.5% of the dry weight of the grain treating such grain with gibberellic acid, exposing the grain to air and drying the grain.
Patent ES-451703-A1 (ES)
Title: Anaerobic culture collecting and transporting apparatus
IPC: C12M1/28
Filed: 1976-09-21
Abstract: A culture collecting and transporting apparatus comprising a closable container having a collected culture receiving depot therein, means in the container for supplying a culture medium to a culture placed on the depot, and chemical means in the container selectively activated after a culture is placed on the depot, said chemical means when activated supplying gaseous carbon dioxide, and a reducing agent system effective for reducing oxygen, at least in the container space surrounding the collected culture. The reducing agent system may comprise a reducing gas and a catalyst for inducing reaction of the oxygen with the reducing gas. The reducing gas may be hydrogen.
Patent ES-455167-A1 (ES)
Title: Vertical elecrolytic cells
IPC: C25B1/36
Filed: 1977-01-19
Abstract: A vertical electrolytic cell has an anode separated from a cathode by a diaphragm. The cathode comprises continuous threads of mercury flowing down by gravity from evenly distributed apertures in the bottom wall of at least one channel fed with mercury.
Patent ES-455524-A1 (ES)
Title: Method of regenerating coke-contaminated catalyst with simmultaneous combustion of carbon monoxide
IPC: C10G11/18
Filed: 1977-02-01
Abstract: A catalyst contaminated with coke is regenerated while at the same time the amount of undesirable carbon monoxide in the resulting exhaust gas is carefully monitored, by the catalyst contaminated with coke in a regeneration zone first being brought into contact with oxygen under carefully chosen conditions to burn coke to give carbon monoxide, and by the resulting carbon monoxide-containing exhaust gas stream in the regeneration zone then being reacted with additional oxygen in the presence of a carbon monoxide promoter, under conditions chosen so as to burn carbon monoxide to give carbon dioxide, an additional amount of heat being liberated in the regeneration zone, and the amount of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas in said zone being diminished.
Patent ES-463667-A1 (ES)
Title: System for converting the randomly variable energy of a natural fluid
IPC: H02P9/04
Filed: 1977-10-28
Abstract: Emitters and rotary hydraulic displacement pumps are associated with one or a number of propeller-type transducers and connected to receivers each having a rotary hydraulic displacement motor coupled to an alternator. The emitters are connected to the receivers by means of a hydraulic circuit for an auxiliary fluid which is admitted into at least one shunt-connected energy dissipator and the flow of which is regulated as a function of the random energy variations of the natural fluid. The energy-conversion system is primarily applicable to hydroelectric power plants of the stream or river type, to wind-driven power plants and to ship propulsion.
Patent ES-464010-A1 (ES)
Title: Grignard reagents and processes for making them
IPC: C01G23/02
Filed: 1977-11-10
Abstract: An organometallic halide having the formula: (RMX)(MX2)a(MR2)b (MH2)c wherein a</=0.45, b</=0.15, and c</=0.30, X is a halogen, R is a hydrocarbon radical, and M is a metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, zinc, beryllium, and calcium is prepared by a continuous dry process by reacting an organic monohalide RX and a metal M in the form of convex solid grains of a size between 1 and 15 mm. The reaction temperature is lower than the temperature at which decomposition of the organometallic halide RMX begins and at least 10 DEG C. higher than the boiling point of the organic monohalide. The reaction may also take place in the presence of an organometallic derivative comprising a hydroxy group or an enolysable ketone group. The resulting organometallic halide may be used for the synthesis of anhydrous magnesium halide or for the reduction of titanium tetrachloride.
Patent ES-465521-A1 (ES)
Title: Winding appts. to coil wire on reel - has horizontal axis of rotation for cylindrical core with side flanges and support rails to carry weight
IPC: B21C47/24
Filed: 1977-12-28
Abstract: The wire coiling appts. is esp. for the winding of at least 500 kg. of wire on a reel with two flanges each 500 mm. dia. and with the distance between the flanges 400 mm. The reel (18) is mounted on a horizontal rotary spindle (14) which is axially movable in position relative to the point of winding. A support member is provided for the reel in the form of two side plates (1, 2) each parallel with one another and connected by a top flat bridging piece (3). The weight of the coil is dome by two horizontal rails (4, 5) extending outwards in a direction at right angles to the axis of rotation.
Patent ES-473798-A1 (ES)
Title: Method and apparatus for continuously casting metal slab, strip or bar with partial thickness integral lugs projecting therefrom
IPC: B22D25/04
Filed: 1978-09-29
Abstract: Method and apparatus are described for continuously casting metal slab, strip or bar with integral lugs projecting therefrom. These lugs project from the edge of the cast product and lie in the casting plane, but they have a partial thickness as compared with the thickness of the product. Continuous wide slabs of unrefined copper or other electrolytically refinable metal having partial thickness lugs on both edges can be cut to form electrode plates for subsequent refining by suspending in an electrolytic bath. These partial thickness lugs serve as supports and provide electrical connection from the side rails of the electrolytic cell. Their partial thickness conserves metal and weight. In the continuous casting method and apparatus the revolving edge dams include special dam blocks defining partial thickness mold pockets for casting the integral lugs. Synchronization of lug positions along opposite edges of the cast product is maintained by controllably changing the relative temperatures of the revolving edge dams with respect to each other, for example, by relatively increasing the cooling of one of the revolving edge dams when it tends to lag the other, thereby relatively decreasing its length and increasing its rate of revolving, or, for example, by relatively decreasing the cooling of one when it tends to lead the other, thereby relatively increasing its length and decreasing its rate of revolving.
Patent ES-476808-A1 (ES)
Title: Liquid fuel pumping apparatus
IPC: F02D1/02
Filed: 1979-01-12
Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus comprises a pump barrel which defines a bore accommodating a reciprocable plunger. The housing part is provided which is held in sealing engagement with the barrel and in which there is formed a first passage through which fuel flows from the pumping chamber defined in part by the bore, to an outlet and a second passage formed in the housing part and through which fuel can be spilled from the pumping chamber under the control of a valve means including a valve member slidable within a bore. No ports or grooves are formed on the pumping plunger at its end which defines a wall of the pumping chamber.
Patent ES-481751-A1 (ES)
Title: Anti-stall control for electrical hydrostatic transmission control system.
IPC: F02D29/04
Filed: 1979-06-21
Abstract: A control system for a hydrostatic transmission is disclosed of the type including an engine driven fluid pump and a fluid motor. The control system includes a main control operable in response to an electrical command signal to vary the displacement of the pump, and a command signal generator for generating the command signal. The anti-stall control includes means for comparing electrical signals representative of engine speed and a reference speed, and generating an electrical anti-stall signal representative of the maximum percentage of commanded pump displacement which is permissible without causing the engine to drop below the reference speed. The anti-stall control includes means for electrically multiplying the anti-stall signal and the command signal, downstream of the shaping and rate limiting circuits. The invention provides a simple, inexpensive anti-stall control which can be adjusted to have the maximum possible gain (responsiveness) without inducing circuit instability.
Patent ES-482648-A1 (ES)
Title: Guide and Support for a Tenter Chain
IPC: D06C3/02
Filed: 1979-07-19
Abstract: An arrangement for guiding and supporting a tenter chain consists of a laterally open housing (1) on the inside of which elements (5) supported by sliders (11, 13, 18) receive clip and/or pin members (15). The sliders (11, 13, 18) are fixed to the reception elements (5) so that when the sliders (11, 13, 18) become worn the reception elements (5) with attached sliders (11, 13, 18) may be removed for replacement without slackening or removing the tenter chain.