Patent GB-1103629-A (GB)
Title: Sulphation of organic hydroxy compounds
IPC: C11D1/12
Filed: 1966-03-25
Abstract: Mixtures of primary alcohol polyethers and secondary alcohols, or secondary alcohol polyethers, are sulphated by reacting a mixture of (a) 0.15-0.9 mol. equivalents of an alcohol selected from polyethylene glycol alkylethers of formula R-CH2-O-(CH2-CH2-O)n-H wherein R represents an alkyl radical having from 5-19 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having from 5-19 carbon atoms, or an hydroxyalkyl radical having from 5-19 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer from 2-17, and polyethylene glycol alkyl aryl ethers of formula R1-O(CH2CH2O)n-H wherein R1 represents an alkyl aryl radical having 7-24 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer from 2-17 and (b) 0.1-0.85 mol. equivalents of an alcohol selected from <FORM:1103629/C3/1> wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl radicals having 1-8 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is from 5-19, and secondary alcohol ethoxylates of formula <FORM:1103629/C3/2> wherein R1 and R2 are as defined above, and y is an integer from 0-20, with from 0.9-1.25 mol. equivalents per hydroxyl group of anhydrous chlorosulphonic acid, or by reacting a mixture of 0.15-0.9 mol. equivalents of the primary alcohol derived from the first formula above, and 0.1-0.85 mol. equivalents of the secondary alcohol above with from 2-17 mols. of ethylene oxide, in the presence of an acidic catalyst, below ambient temperature, and reacting one mol. equivalent, based on the hydroxyl groups of the resulting mixture of primary alcohol polyethers and secondary alcohol polyethers containing unreacted alcohols, with from 0.9-1.25 mol. equivalents per hydroxyl group, of anhydrous chlorosulphonic acid, at 0-50 DEG  C.  The mixed sulphated alcohols have a sulphation degree of at least 80%. The primary alcohol ethoxylates may be used in admixture with up to 30% of primary alcohol propoxylates.ALSO:A detergent comprises the reaction product of sulphation of a mixture of (a) 0.15-0.9 mol. equivalents of an alcohol selected from poly-ethylene glycol alkyl ethers of formula R-CH2-O-(CH2-CH2-O)n-H wherein R represents an alkyl radical having from 5-19 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having 5-19 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyalkyl having 5-19 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of from 2-17, and polyethyleneglycol alkyl aryl ethers of formula R1-O(CH2CH2O)n-H wherein R1 represents an alkyl aryl radical having 7-24 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer from 2-17 and (b) 0.1-0.85 mol. equivalents of an alcohol selected from alcohols of the formula <FORM:1103629/C4-C5/1> wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl radicals having from 1-8 carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 being 5-19, and secondary alcohol ethoxylates of formula <FORM:1103629/C4-C5/2> wherein R1 and R2 are as defined above and y is an integer from 0-20.  The primary alcohol ethoxylates may be used in admixture with up to 30% of primary alcohol propoxylates.ALSO:Mixtures of primary alcohol polyethers and secondary alcohols or secondary alcohol polyethers are sulphated by reacting a mixture of (a) from 0.15-0.9 mol equivalents of an alcohol selected from polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers of formula R-CH2-O-(CH2-CH2-O)n-H wherein R represents an alkyl radical having from 5-19 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical having from 5-19 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyalkyl radical having from 5-19 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of from 2-17, and polyethylene glycol alkyl aryl ethers of formula R1O(CH2CH2O)n-H wherein R1 represents an alkyl aryl radical having 7-24 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer from 2-17 and (b) from 0.1-0.85 mol equivalents of an alcohol selected from alcohols of the formula <FORM:1103629/C2/1> wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl radicals having from 1-8 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms in R1 and R2 is from 5-19, and secondary alcohol ethoxylates of the formula <FORM:1103629/C2/2> wherein R1 and R2 are as defined above, and y is an integer from 0-20, with from 0.9-1.25 mol equivalents per hydroxyl group of anhydrous chlorosulphonic acid, or by reacting a mixture of 0.15-0.9 mol equivalents of the primary alcohol derived from the first formula above, and 0.1-0.85 mol equivalents of the secondary alcohol above, with from 2-17 mols of ethylene oxide in the presence of an acidic catalyst below ambient temperature, and reacting one mol equivalent based on the hydroxyl groups of the resulting mixture of primary alcohol polyethers and secondary alcohol polyethers containing unreacted alcohols, with from 0.9-1.25 mol equivalents per hydroxyl group of anhydrous chlorosulphonic acid, at 0-50 DEG  C. The mixed sulphated alcohols have a sulphation degree of at least 80%.  The primary alcohol ethoxylates may be used in admixture with up to 30% primary alcohol propoxylates.