baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-684316-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to grain silos
IPC: B65D88/74
Filed: 1949-02-25
Abstract: 684,316. Treating grain. SIMON (HOLDINGS), Ltd., H. (Suka-Silo-Bau H. Kling). Feb. 13, 1950 [Feb. 25, 1949]. No. 5181/49. Class 58. In a grain silo in which air is circulated vertically through the grain and having horizontal air inlet ducts at different levels through which air is passed into the grain, and horizontal air outlet ducts placed between the inlet ducts, the spacing between a duct and the duct above it increases towards the top of the silo so that the rate of air flow through the grain is substantially uniform notwithstanding variations in the closeness of packing of the grain due to the vertical pressure thereon of the grain above. As shown the silo consists of a plurality of vertical cells and is provided at the bottom with air inlet passages a from which air is led by inverted channel members a<SP>1</SP>to vertical feed shafts d which communicate with inverted channel distributors e. Other vertical outlet shafts g communicate with inverted channel collectors f and lead to air outlet passages h at the top of the silo. The distributors e and collectors f are arranged alternately so that air entering the silo has to travel vertically through the grain to reach an outlet. The spacing of the distributers e and collectors f is determined according to the spacing of lines dividing into equal parts the area of a pressure-height diagram bounded by the curve of grain pressures in the silo.
Patent GB-452218-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the purification of caustic soda solutions
IPC: C01D1/30
Filed: 1935-02-18
Abstract: Concentrated caustic solution is purified from sodium chloride by heating the solution to at least 60 DEG  C., say 70--80 DEG  C., adding sodium sulphate thereto in sufficient quantity to convert a part or all of the sodium chloride into an insoluble complex salt comprising sodium chloride and sodium sulphate, mixing the solution and sodium sulphate at this elevated temperature for a time sufficient to complete the reaction, cooling the solution and suspended solids to below 45 DEG  C., say 30 DEG  C., slowly agitating the solution and suspended solids at this lower temperature until supersaturation is completely broken down, and thereafter separating the solution from the suspended solids.  Preferably, finely divided anhydrous sodium sulphate is employed in dry powdered form or suspended in caustic soda solution, but sodium sulphate may be formed in the solution by the addition of sulphuric acid, sodium hydrogen sulphate or metallic sulphates which will react with caustic soda to form sodium sulphate and insoluble metal hydroxides. Preferably, the process is continuous, the caustic soda solution flowing in succession through a heating chamber, a mixing chamber in which the sodium sulphate is continuously added, a cooler, a second mixing chamber, and a separating apparatus, e.g. a decanting apparatus or a rotary vacuum filter.  The separated solids may be treated with a selective solvent, e.g. water or a dilute solution of caustic soda, which dissolves out sodium chloride and caustic soda and leaves at least a portion of the sodium sulphate undissolved. This treatment may be effected at temperatures above 34 DEG  C.  The recovered sodium sulphate may be re-used in the purification process. Specifications 299,995, [Class 1 (ii)], and 422,689 are referred to.
Patent GB-556836-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to machines for cutting or shearing sheets or plates of metal
IPC: B23D15/14
Filed: 1942-04-22
Abstract: 556,836. Shearing-machines. RHODES, C. J. April 22, 1942, No. 5404. [Class 83 (iv)] Shearing machines have hydraulic actuating means with treadle or lever control. The movable blade 4 is carried by a beam 3 sliding in guides 5; 6 in the end frames and linked to levers 24, 31a linked at 23, 30 to the rod 13 of a double acting piston 19. A motor 8 drives a pump 9 supplying oil from a reservoir 10 through a valve 32 of the cylinder 12. On depression of a treadle 33 linkage 34 ... 37 acts through a notch in a member 38 on a pin 38b to move the valve to supply oil to actuate the piston 19 for the cutting stroke. At the end of the stroke a cam 38x trips the notch from the pin and allows a spring &c. to receive the valve for the return stroke. Adjustment of the point of reversal may be effected by adjustably mounting the cam or by exchanging the cam. In addition reversal may be effected at any point in the stroke by releasing the treadle. A spring (not shown) resets the trip mechanism. The valve may be hand lever operated. In a modification a hydraulic jack may be operated through a hand pump to transmit through toggle mechanism of the beam. In a modification the idle stroke is effected by springs and weights.
Patent GB-1069198-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of seamless tubular thermoplastic films
IPC: B29C48/91
Filed: 1965-02-08
Abstract: 1,069,198. Seamless tubular thermoplastic films. BARMER MASCHINENFABRIK A.G. Feb. 8, 1965 [Feb. 8, 1964], No. 5407/65. Heading B5B. In the production of a seamless tubular thermoplastic film in which a melt is extruded through a tubular die from an extruder and is blown to form a tube which is cooled and then flattened in order finally to be rolled up without further stretching, the freshly prepared tube is cooled before or during its passage through the flattening zone to a temperature just below that temperature at which welding of the tube would occur so that blocking of the flattened film takes place. Thereafter, the lengths of blocked flattened film are subjected to intermediate cooling and are passed, before being finally rolled up, without further stretching, over a gaseous, liquid or solid medium introduced into the tube. The re-opened tube is then reflattened whilst being finally cooled. The above process may take place either continuously or discontinuously, in two stages; in the discontinuous process the blocked lengths of film may be heated, prior to being unblocked, to a temperature corresponding to the intermediate cooling temperature which the film attains in the continuous process. The heat exchange unit to give the intermediate cooling temperature either by cooling in a continuous process or by heating in a discontinuous process, preferably comprises a liquid-operated device with a recirculation pump. As illustrated in the Figure, a tube 3 produced in the blow-head 1 of an extruder 2 is cooled by air blown from cooling ring 8 to a temperature such as to prevent the lengths of film from welding after passing between flattening boards 4 and 5 and squeeze rollers 6 and 7. The flattened tube is further cooled by passing through a heat-exchange unit in the form of a liquid cooling bath 9 and enters a film-separation unit comprising input rollers 10 and 11 and output rollers 12 and 13, between which pairs of rollers the flattened tube is unblocked by passing over a cushion 14 of air which may be introduced by a probe (not shown). A suction device (not shown) may also be arranged to act on the outer surface of the tubular film between the pairs of rollers to aid the separation of the blocked film. The unblocked film is reflattened by flattening boards 15 and 16 positioned between the pairs of rollers. Prior to reflattening, the tube may be further cooled, for example by passing through a device similar to cooling ring 8. The reflattened film is finally wound on roll 17 of a rolling or winding machine, alternatively, the reflattened film may be cut at both edges to give two lengths of flat film or may be passed directly to other apparatus, for example, that used in the cutting, welding and printing of bags. The above process, which allows higher output and working speed without large increases in tubular film path lengths, is suitable for processing high-pressure and lowpressure polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride with a plasticizer content of more than 20% by weight.
Patent GB-234890-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with moulds for casting metals
IPC: B22C9/06
Filed: 1924-03-03
Abstract: 234,890. Plessman, J. J. March 3, 1924. Moulds; clamping and guiding moulds. - A battery of moulds for use in casting sash-weights for window frames &c. has each of the moulds formed in two sections, the parts being yieldingly held together in the closed position. The mould sections 20 are secured to parallel angle-bars 7, the complementary halves 19 of the moulds being mounted on a shaft 14 having a handwheel 16 and working in a fixed nut 11. Each section 19 has attached plates 26, 27 which project into annular recesses in the shaft 14 and are under the axial pressure of springs 33 seated on collars 32 on the shaft, this connection allowing independent expansion of the various moulds. In a modification, the shaft 14 may be moved axially by hydraulic pressure.
Patent GB-687041-A (GB)
Title: Paper making
IPC: D21H13/08
Filed: 1951-03-06
Abstract: 687,041. Paper containing synthetic filaments. AMERICAN VISCOSE CORPORATION. March 6, 1951. [March 20, 1950] No. 5416/51. Class 96. Paper, filter paper, or shaped articles, &c. are made from regenerated viscose filaments &c. fibrillated, e.g. at both ends and irregularly along their length (1 to 10 mm.), as by beating for 3 to 12 hrs., such filaments having an orientation of 18 to 24 degrees and crystallinity 85 to 91 per cent. and which have been considerably stretched. There may also be used ordinary fibres such as cotton, hemp, or flax, &c. and up to 98 per cent. of other synthetic filaments, e.g. cellulose acetate or nitrate, casein, rayon, and thermoplastic or thermosetting filaments, e.g. of linear polyamides or polyesters, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, or urea- or phenolaldehyde, &c. Dyes, pigments, plasticizers, fillers, glue, cellulose ethers, waterproofing, greaseproofing, and mildew-preventing media may be included.
Patent GB-563324-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the construction of boats and jigs for use in the production thereof
IPC: B63B3/18
Filed: 1943-04-05
Abstract: 563,324. Boats. MODELCRAFT, Ltd., and HEIGHWAY, G. April 5, 1943, No. 5427. [Classes 113 (i) and 113 (ii)] A boat which is substantially semicircular in cross-section and tapered towards its ends is made by securing together the adjacent edges of a number of strips 8 the longitudinal sides 9 of which are formed of oppositely directed arcs. The strips 8 may be cut, cast, or moulded to shape in wood, fibre, cardboard, millboard, plastics, paper or metal, and they may be secured together by adhesive, sewing, riveting, welding, or screwing. They may be arranged in a single layer, or in a number of layers with staggered joints. The boat may be constructed in an inverted position by means of a jig comprising a base 1 shaped to conform with the top of the boat, and along the centre of which is secured a longitudinal member 2 which has an outer edge curved to the outer curvature of the boat, and which may be similar to half the member 1, and one or more transverse members 4, the members 2, 4 having interengaging slots. The jig may be left in the boat to form a deck and bulkheads, and one or both ends of the boat may be cut away and be closed by a flat plate.
Patent GB-962616-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to position descriminators
IPC: G05D3/12
Filed: 1963-02-11
Abstract: 962, 616. Electric selective signalling. BROWN, BOVERI & CO. Ltd. Feb. 11, 1963 [Feb. 14, 1962], No. 5445/63. Heading G4H. The invention relates to position discriminators. In Fig. 1, if one of n contacts 1 -- n is closed and one of n corresponding pairs of contacts 11 -- (10 + n) is closed, the arrangement of diodes shown causes one of two transistors T1, T2 to conduct and energize a corresponding coil S1 or S2 to drive a servomotor which opens the closed pair of contacts in the series 11 -- (10 + n) and closes the next pair, successively along the series 11 --  (10 + n) the direction depending on which of the coils S1, S2 was energized. This continues until the pair of contacts in the series 11 -- (10 + n) corresponding to the closed contact in the series 1 -- n is closed, when both transistors T1, T2 conduct and the servomotor ceases movement. Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment with single contacts 11, 12... which operate similarly. The (mechanical) contacts 1 -- n, 11 -- (10 + n) could be replaced by relays, transistors, controlled semi-conductor, or controlled gas discharge tubes. The control transistors T1, T2 could be replaced by contactors, controlled semi-conductors, or controlled gas discharge tubes. The invention is applicable to tapchanging switches and power-driven vehicles.
Patent GB-167801-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to instruments for use in the laying of ordnance
IPC: F41G3/14
Filed: 1920-02-23
Abstract: 167,801. Dawson, Sir A. T., and Buckham, Sir G. T. Feb. 23, 1920. Plane-trigonometry calculators.-Consists in an instrument for use in the laying of ordnance wherein one or more guns can be correctly trained on an unseen target when the distance and direction of the target from an observing station and the distance and direction of the observing station from the gun position are known. In the instrument shown in Fig. 1, a saddle A is adapted to slide in a cross rest A' and is adjusted so that an index mark a thereon indicates the range (R) on a scale a<1> ; a sliding piece B on the saddle is set to the distance (D) between the observing station and gun position by means of an index mark b and scale a<x>. To the sliding piece B is pivotally connected a block C<1>, Fig. 4, which is adapted to slide along an arm C pivoted to the rest A<1> at c and is provided with a second pivotal member c<1> connected to a slider Dx which thereby receives a movement proportional to D/R. The saddle and slider can be locked in position by means of wing nuts A<0>, D‹ respectively. The slider D<x> carries a circular bearing plate D<1> having a fixed index mark e and rotatably carrying a scale member E graduated in degrees adapted to be set to the azimuth angle # of the observing station from the gun position. A second rotatable scale member F mounted on a bearing portion A<3> of the baseplate A<2> is also graduated in degrees and is set to the same angle # from a fixed index mark f. Rotatable within the member F is an annular disc G carrying a pointer G<1> and a pivoted slide G<2>, the pointer G<1> being set to the azimuth angle (#) of the target with respect to the observing station. A bar H slidably engages the slide G<2>, passes through the centre of the plate D<1>, and carries a pointer H<2> which, when the instrument is set as above described, will indicate on the scale E the azimuth angle (#) of the target with respect to the gun position.
Patent GB-124205-A (GB)
Title: Electric Contact Device.
Inventor: HOJGAARD ANDERS CHRISTIAN EMIL
IPC: G01R1/20
Filed: 1919-03-05
Abstract: 124,205. Hojgaard, A. C. E. March 9, 1918, [Convention date]. Switches, secret combination, - A secret contact - combination switch comprises a pair of pointers v, w connected to inaccessible contact-members a, b adapted to rotate over a series of fixed contact - heads 1 - - 48 Fig. 2. The leads x, y are connected to handles g, h slidably mounted on a ring f and carrying contacts m, n adapted to engage any of the contacts 1 - - 48. The circuit between the leads x, y can only be completed by placing the pointers v, w opposite numbers on a dial t corresponding to the numbers of the contact-heads engaged by the sliding contacts m, n. Two or more of the switches may be placed in series in order to increase the number of possible variations. The invention is applicable to electric locks, or may be used to prevent the illicit use of vehicles or ships. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also a rectangular apparatus with sliding contact-members. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-828934-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the catalytic reforming of non-aromatic hydrocarbons
IPC: C10G59/02
Filed: 1957-02-19
Abstract: A catalyst comprises alumina as support, chromium oxide (preferably 5-25%; Cr2O3 and CrO3 mentioned), a spinel (preferably 0.1-10%), and preferably an alkali metal, particularly potassium.  The spinel, the amount of which may be, for example, 2-5% and less than the amount of chromium oxide, is described as a compound of face-centred cubic crystal structure of general formula MM12O4, wherein M and M1 are metals; the valencies of the latter may vary, as indicated by the general formul  M12O.MO3, 2M1O.MO2 and M12O3.MO.  Preferred spinels are cobalt, copper and iron chromites (including natural "chrome ironstone") and zinc titanate.  Promoting elements in the catalyst are preferably present in an amount of 0.1-5% (as oxide).  The catalyst is used for the dehydrogenation or dehydrocyclization at elevated temperature of feedstocks consisting of or containing non-aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably C5-7); the following features of the process are preferred:-pressure less than 50 p.s.i.g., hydrogen not added, temperature 450-580 DEG  C., space velocity 0.1-1 v./v./hr., product has research octane number at least 100, the feedstock is a straight-run distillate or a catalytic (particularly platinum) reformate.ALSO:A catalyst comprises alumina as support, chromium oxide (preferably 5-25%), a spinel (preferably 0.1-10, particularly 2-5%) which is preferably cobalt, copper or iron chromite or zinc titanate, and an alkali metal, preferably potassium. The catalyst is used for dehydrogenation or dehydrocyclization at elevated temperature of feedstocks consisting of or containing non-aromatic (preferably C5-7) hydrocarbons.  The following features of the process are preferred: pressure less than 50 p.s.i.g., hydrogen not added, temperature 450-580 DEG  C., space velocity 0.1-1 v/v/hr., product has research octane number at least 100, the feedstock is a straight-run distillate or a catalytic (particularly Pt) reformate.
Patent GB-808836-A (GB)
Title: A method and apparatus for developing dough
IPC: A21C1/06
Filed: 1955-02-25
Abstract: 808,836. Batch or continuous-discharge mixing apparatus. AMERICAN MACHINE & FOUNDRY CO. Feb. 25, 1955 [April 16, 1954], No. 5673/55. Class 86 Relates to a method and an apparatus for developing dough which is characterized by rapidly and forcefully drawing out a thin layer of dough from a mass of the dough and wherein the thickness of the layer does not exceed “ inch. In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, for the continuous development of dough, a horizontal elliptical chamber 20 is provided with a centrally mounted two-bladed paddle 62, the diameter of which is substantially equal to that of the minor axis of the ellipse. The chamber 20 is an integral part of a cylinder 22 providing cooling chambers C which have inlet and outlet ducts 24, 26. Cooling chambers 40, 42 are also provided respectively in front and rear plates 28, 30 common to the cham- 'ber 20 and cylinder 22. The paddle 62 is mounted on a shaft 60 which is driven through them and sprocket gearing from a source of power. Dough to be developed is pumped under pressure into the chamber 20 through an inlet 68 and the developed dough is discharged through an outlet 70. The chamber 20 should preferably be substantially full of dough when in use. In a modification the chamber instead of being elliptical is circular in cross-section and the paddle is mounted on a shaft eccentric to the axis of the chamber. Fig. 4 shows a square-section chamber 20b containing a four-bladed paddle 62b. The chamber may be triangular in cross-section and may contain a paddle of the form, for example, shown in Fig. 12 provided with slots. The slots may be omitted. Various paddles are illustrated provided with from one to four blades. Specificatioru 735,184 is referred to.
Patent GB-1489441-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for supporting a travelling web
IPC: B65H23/24
Filed: 1975-02-11
Abstract: 1489441 Web guiding JAGENBERG-WERKE AG 11 Feb 1975 [19 Feb 1974] 5689/75 Heading B8R An apparatus for supporting a web travelling between spaced guide rollers 3, 5 to prevent it from whipping comprises a table 12 and a wedge-shaped deflector 8 pivotally mounted upstream of the table for movement between downward inoperative and upward operative position. The table is also mounted pivotally and adjusted by a lead screw 16. The deflector is actuated by a fluid cylinder 10.
Patent GB-243587-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for feeding articles into and withdrawing them from vacuum treatment chambers
IPC: B01D3/42
Filed: 1925-03-02
Abstract: 243,587. Bach, N. P. March 2, 1925. Preserving food.-Containers for food &c. are fed into and out of the vacuum chamber 10 of a vacuum treatment apparatus by means of airseated valves 11, 12 arranged at the sides of the chamber and having pockets 13, 13<1> to receive the containers to be moved in and out of the chamber. In the construction described, the valves are reciprocated by links 18, 19 pivoted to arms 20, 21 on the valves and to crank discs 22, 23 fast on shaft 24 rotated by a electric motor. The ports 16, 17 of the chamber 10 are closed by slides 14, 15 on the valves when the valves are slid forward so that a container can be fed into pocket 13 from a conveyer 42 and another container pushed out of pocket 13<1> on to a conveyer or incline 44 for packing or other treatment. Pivoted fingers 26, 27 for moving the cans out of the pockets 13, 13<1> are operated by means of a sliding connection with guides 32 which have curved portions 33. Mechanism may also be provided within the chamber for handling the containers therein and may consist of a fork 34, for moving the containers from one side to the other of the chamber, having a slot 40 and moved eccentrically by a bellcrank arm 41 on a pivot pin 39. The containers mav be sealed within the chamber or after removal therefrom.
Patent GB-1439320-A (GB)
Title: Getters
IPC: H01J7/18
Filed: 1975-02-11
Abstract: 1439320 Gettering discharge tubes; thermonic cathode constructions SIEMENS AG 11 Feb 1975 [13 Feb 1974] 5849/75 Addition to 1278381 Heading H1D Both ends 3 of each of the fixing brackets 2 of the getter of the parent Specification are curved over the respective ends of the coil 1 to secure the brackets to the coil.  The getter may be used as a cathode heater.
Patent GB-243589-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in memorandum appliances for use with telephone transmitters
IPC: H04M1/21
Filed: 1925-03-03
Abstract: 243,589. Giles, E. P. March 3, 1925. Indicators directly operated by hand for displaying variable information. - A memorandum appliance, designed to bear telephone numbers and like information, consists of a one-piece card or like d i s c 4, rotatably mounted on t h e mouthpiece or microphone transmitter 1, Fig. 1. Alternatively several cards of successively increasing diameter may be arranged as shown in Fig. 4, each card being provided with a manipulating stud 5. The cards may be mounted on the mouthpiece by forming them in two parts, with means for securing the parts together, or by partly dividing them so that they may be sprung over the mouthpiece. Specification 191,193 is referred to.