Patent GB-488878-A (GB)
Title: Improved process of high vacuum distillation
IPC: C11B1/00
Filed: 1937-02-20
Abstract: <PICT:0488878/III/1> The high-vacuum short-path distillation of solid materials such as corn, linseed, soya and castor beans, cereals and fish body and liver tissue, for the recovery of vitamins, sterols, hormones and glycerides is effected in one or more vacuum chambers through which the material is conveyed between co-operating surfaces at least one of which is porous and which cause continuous grinding or disturbance of the material.  This may be effected by causing the bands to travel at different speeds.  The materials are finely divided and dried and degassed and then fed to the vacuum distillation apparatus, or the two latter operations may be performed in the apparatus itself.  In the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the ground material is fed in at 15 between endless travelling bands 1, 9 which pass through vacuum chambers 30a, 30b, 31, 32, 33, 30c, 30d, 30e, 30f connected with pumps P1 .. P9. Pressure rolls 34 maintain close contact between the bands and the walls of the vacuum chambers. The bands are heated electrically by conduction.  Distillation occurs in the chambers 31, 32, 33, the distillate being collected in gutters 35, 36, 39.  The earlier vacuum chambers are for drying and degassing the material, the later ones being for the maintenance of the high vacuum in the chamber 33.  In the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, the material is fed between a rotary cylinder 50 and an endless gauze band 51 within a casing 57 comprising a number of vacuum chambers 64-68 with vacuum pump connections P1 .. P5.  The material enters by a hopper 69 and leaves by a hopper 70.  When the distillate does not flow freely over the condensing surface, a liquid may be circulated thereover as described in Specification 487,697.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, describes another form of apparatus with reference to Figs. 3 (Cancelled) and 4 (Cancelled), in which the material is <PICT:0488878/III/2> <PICT:0488878/III/3> <PICT:0488878/III/4> fed through valve devices 93, 94 on to an endless band 97 which passes over an electric heater 105 and discharges on to a second similar band 109 which conveys it to discharge valves 127, 128. The bands are arranged in chambers 86, 108, the condensates being collected in conduits 106, 114. High-vacuum connections are provided at 107 to 113.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:<PICT:0488878/IV/1> <PICT:0488878/IV/2> <PICT:0488878/IV/3> <PICT:0488878/IV/4> The high - vacuum shortpath distillation of solid materials such as corn, linseed, soya and castor beans, cereals, and fish body and liver tissue for the recovery of vitamins, sterols, hormones and glycerides and of oil - bearing shale for the recovery of hydrocarbons, is effected in one or more vacuum chambers through which the material is conveyed between cooperating surfaces, at least one of which is porous and which cause continuous grinding or disturbance of the material.  This may be effected by causing the bands to travel at different speeds.  The materials are finely divided and dried and degassed and then fed to the vacuum distillation apparatus, or the two latter operations may be performed in the apparatus itself.  In the apparatus in Fig. 1, the ground material is fed in at 15 between endless travelling bands 1, 9 which pass through vacuum chambers 30a, 30b, 31, 32, 33, 30c, 30d, 30e, 30f connected with pumps P1...P9. Pressure rolls 34 maintain close contact between the bands and the walls of the vacuum chambers.  The bands are heated electrically by conduction. Distillation occurs in the chambers 31, 32, 33, the distillate being collected in gutters 35, 36, 39.  The earlier vacuum chambers are for drying and degassing the material, the later ones being for the maintenance of the high vacuum in the chamber 33.  In the apparatus of Fig. 2, the material is fed between a rotary cylinder 50 and an endless gauze band 51 within a casing 57 comprising a number of vacuum chambers 64-68 with vacuum pump connections P1...P5.  The material enters by a hopper 69 and leaves by a hopper 70.  When the distillate does not flow freely over the condensing surface, a liquid may be circulated thereover as described in Specification 487,697. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes another form of apparatus with reference to Figs. 3 (Cancelled) and 4 (Cancelled), in which the material is fed through valve devices 93, 94 on to an endless band 97 which passes over an electric heater 105 and discharges on to a second similar band 109 which conveys it to discharge valves 127, 128.  The bands are arranged in chambers 86, 108, the condensates being collected in conduits 106, 114.  High vacuum connections are provided at 107 and 113.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:The high-vacuum short-path distillation of solid materials such as corn, linseed, soya, and castor beans, cereals, and fish body and liver tissue, for the recovery of vitamins, sterols, hormones and glycerides, is effected in one or more vacuum chambers through which the material is conveyed between cooperating surfaces at least one of which is porous and which cause continuous grinding or disturbance of the material. This may be effected by causing the bands to travel at different speeds.  The materials are finely divided and dried and degassed and then fed to the vacuum distillation apparatus, or the two latter operations may be performed in the apparatus itself.