baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent SE-324465-B (SE)
Inventor: MARCUS H
IPC: G01W1/14
Filed: 1966-01-17
Abstract: 1,166,561. Measuring visibility photoelectrically. AGA A.B. Jan. 13, 1967 [Jan. 17, 1966], No.1862/67. Heading G1A. In apparatus for measuring the effects of fog, mist, rain &c. on visibility, a beam of light is transmitted into the atmosphere and light reflected back by moisture particles such as cloud, fog, rain, snow &c., detected photo-electrically by a receiver located adjacent the transmitter, the transmitter or receiver being provided with optical elements so as to have a radiation diagram of the form shown in Fig.7. This diagram has a form according to the formula where G is the intensity of light transmitted or received at an angle # from the axis of the transmitter or receiver, # o  is the angle when the intensity is half the maximum and n is substantially equal to 2. If the transmitter or receiver has a diagram as indicated in Fig. 3 and which is obtained with a diaphragm and a collimating lens, the apparatus produces two values of visibility (on either side of a maximum) for each value of received intensity Fig.4 (not shown). The insertion on one side of the axis of the transmitter (or receiver) between the source (or detector) and the collimating lens, of either a concave mirror, with its axis substantially at right angles to this axis, Fig.5 (not shown), or a prism or cylindrical lens, Fig.6 (not shown), produces the required radiation diagram of Fig. 7 enabling discrimination between high and low visibilities.
Patent YU-48627-B (YU)
Inventor: DR FIRGO HEINRICH
Filed: 1994-04-18
Abstract: Postupak za pripremanje celuloznih vlakana sa smanjenom sklonošću za fibrilacijom, naznačen tim e, što se rastvor celuloze u tercijalnom aminoksidu ispreda u vlakna, a sveže ispredena vlakna se dovode u dodir sa pomoćnim sredstvom za tekstil, koje sadrži bar dve reaktivne grupe, pa se peru sa vodenim rastvorom pufera, s tim da se kao pomoćno sredstvo za tekstil ne koristi glioksal. Postupak prema zahtevu 1, naznačen time, što se kao pomoćno sredstvo za tekstil koristi boja, ili bezbojna supstanca. - Prijava sadrži još 10 zavisnih zahteva.
Patent YU-49214-B (YU)
Title: Stab and bullet proof protective clothing
Inventor: FELS ACHIM
IPC: B32B27/20
Filed: 1999-01-18
Abstract: Protective clothing for protection against puncture injuries is constructed from more than one layer of a fabric coated with hard solids. The hard solids are applied in accordance with abrasives technology. This protective clothing offers equally good protection against both knife- and needle-like puncture implements. For clothing intended to protect against puncture and projectile injuries, a package of 2-20 layers of a fabric coated with hard solids is combined with a package of 6-50 layers of an uncoated aramid woven fabric.
Patent YU-49430-B (YU)
Inventor: KNEZEVIC NIKOLA
Filed: 1999-11-26
Abstract: Motokultivator za medjurednu obradu poljoprivrednih kultura, sa obrtnim glavama (7) sa na njima postavljenim noževima (8) na obrtnom vratilu (15) poprečno postavljenom u odnosu na kretanje motokultivatora, pogonjenom lančastim prenosom spregnutim sa kanǆastom spojnicom i reduktorom (11) pogonjenim motorom (1) SUS sa kaišnicima (23) i (24) sa klinastim kaišem, naznačen time, što je relativno usko postolje (2) oslonjeno preko ležajeva (29) na vratilu pogonskog točka (9) sa priključenim lančanikom sa galovim lancem i lančanikom pokrivenim štitnikom (26), dok je postolje (2) preko noseće ploče (3) priključeno na cevasti nosač (5) završen stegom (19) sa ručicama (17) upravljača kao i na njima postavljenim komandnim ručicama (12, 13, 16) standardnog oblika, spojenih na poznati način čeličnim užadima unutar bužir cevi sa svojim komandnim elementima, a postolje (2) produženo je uzdužnim nosačima (20) sa na krajevima učvršćenim poprečnim nosačima (14) i (21) formirajući pravougaoni ram (4), pri čemu su na nosaču (14) u pravougaonim otvorima (6) sa poprečnim vijcima (30) na svojim vertikalno podesivim nosačima (27) uležišteni kopirni točkovi (28) dok je u pravougaonom otvoru (31) sa poprečnim vijkom (34) na svom vertikalno podesivom nosaču (32) postavljena srednja motičica (33), a na nosaču (21) izvedeni su bočni otvori (35) sa vijcima za prihvatanje dodatnih motičica, i što je u sredini bočne strane motokultivatora, izmedju nosača (20) rastavljivo učvršćen koso postavljeni nosač (10) sa umetnutim lančanim prenosom završenim uležištenim lančanikom sa šestougaonim otvorom za prolaz vratila (15). Prijava sadrži dva zavisna zahteva.
Patent YU-48712-B (YU)
Inventor: THOMAS AMBROSIO J
IPC: A61M13/00
Filed: 1992-06-25
Abstract: Inhalator za sprašene lekove, naznačen time, što se sastoji od kućišta (28) za prah, za smeštanje zalihe sprašenog materijala, pri čemu se kroz kućište (28) za prah pruža prva cev (32), razmaknuta u odnosu na zalihu sprašenog materijala, od ploče (16) za odmeravanje, za prihvatanje odmerene količine sprašenog materijala koja ima samo jednu zonu (24) za prihvatanje odmerene količine sprašenog materijala, pri čemu je ploča (16) za odmeravanje postavljena ispod zalihe sprašenog materijala i pri čemu ploča (16) za odmeravanje može da rotira u odnosu na kućište (28) za prah tako da se zona (24) za prihvatanje odmerene količine sprašenog materijala naizmenično dovodi u liniju ili sa zalihom sprašenog materijala ili sa prvom cevi (32), od osnovnog kućišta (48) postavljenog iznad ploče (16) za odmeravanje, kroz koje se pruža druga cev (52), pri čemu je druga cev (52) u liniji sa prvom cevi (32) u položaju u kome je i zona (24) za prihvatanje praha u liniji sa prvom cevi (32), od opruge (62) koja potiskuje osnovno kućište (48) i kućište (28) za prah jedno ka drugom i od usnika (92) za udisanje odmerene količine sprašenog materijala iz zone (24) za prihvatanje odmerene količine sprašenog materijala na ploči (16) za odmeravanje, kroz prvu cev (32) u kućištu (28) za prah, pri čemu je usnik (92) u komunikaciji sa prvom cevi (32). - Prijava sadrži još 21 zavisan zahtev.
Patent YU-46005-B (YU)
Title: Podešavajući trohvatni ručni okretač za urezivanje navoja
Inventor: VLADIMIR CIZMIC
IPC: B23G1/26
Filed: 1986-05-12
Abstract: PODEŠAVAJUĆI TROHVATNI RUČNI OKRETAČ ZA UREZIVANJE NAVOJA,s dvije ručice u osi, postavljene nasuprot jedna drugoj, izmedju su čeljusti za pritezanje ureznih svrdala, naznačen time, što je na ručici (1) cilindričnog oblika s proširenim križno nasječenim dijelom u koga je s čeone strane urezan navoj, a na prošireni cilindrični dio ručice (1) naprešana je kružna čeljust (2) ožljebljena utorima "V" oblika po opsegu čeone strane okomito na uzdužnu osu ručice (5) i (1) s dvije grupe utora (6) i (7) različitih po dubini i naizmjenično postavljenih u pravilnim razmacima po opsegu čeljusti (2) dok se nasuprot čeljusti (2) nalazi istovjetna po obliku čeljust (4) učvršćena u labavom dosjedu na vijčani dio ručice (5) i oslonjena na njen prošireni, po opsegu križno nasječen dio svojom koničnom stranom, a tlačna spiralna opruga (3) smještena jna vijčanom dijelu ručice (5) koji je uvrnut u navoj ručice (1).
Patent YU-46673-B (YU)
Inventor: POPOVIC R
IPC: H01L27/22
Filed: 1986-05-22
Abstract: A Hall effect sensing element is formed as a surface device (22) that forms part of an integrated circuit. Coupled to the Hall effect stage is a current source (21) and a regulating circuit (24-27) that maintains a constant thickness barrier layer formed over the active zones of the Hall effect stage. The regulator circuit has a monitoring stage (24) that provides an actual valve to supply a differencing stage (26,27) which also receives the output from a reference valve stage (25). The differencing stage consists of a differential amplifier (26) and inverting amplifier (27) coupled in series. The monitoring stage has a control circuit (28), switch (29), inverter (30) and voltage follower.
Patent ZA-86660-B (ZA)
Title: Device for projecting solid particles for a vacuum centrifugal grinder
Inventor: SEVELINGE GERARD
IPC: B02C13/18
Filed: 1986-01-29
Abstract: Device for projecting solid particles for a vacuum centrifugal grinder incorporating a rotationally driven distributor wheel (20) in which a plurality of ejection channels are formed. The particle-guiding face in each channel (21, 22) has a curvature (A) extending in the direction of rotation of the distributor wheel (20) and whose outline, calculated as a function of the friction coefficients of the materials in contact, produces the attachment to said curvature (A) of a stable self-protection layer (30) consisting of the particles themselves, with automatic regeneration of the layer as it wears. The invention applies, for example, to the grinding of cement or pulverized coal.
Patent ZA-90882-B (ZA)
Title: Process for the preparation of polyisobutene amines and fuel compositions comprising said polyisobutene amines
Inventor: BROWN SIMON CHARLES
IPC: C08F8/46
Filed: 1990-02-06
Abstract: A process for the preparation of a polyisobutene amine, in particularly a polyisobutene amine of formula (I): <CHEM> comprises reacting a carbonyl functionalised polyisobutene [PIB]-(CO)R and an amine H2NR<1> and hydrogenating the product of the reaction between said carbonyl functionalised polyisobutene and said amine,  where PIB is a polyisobutenyl group,  R = H, methyl or vinyl,  R<1> = C1-C20 alkyl group or -(CHR<2>)n[X(CH2)m]pX<1>R<3>  R<2> = H or methyl  n = an integer of 1 - 4  m = an integer of 2 - 4  p = 0, or an integer of 1 - 10  R<3> = H or C1-C10 alkyl  X, X<1> = 0 or NR<4>  R<4> = H, C1-C10 alkyl group, or [(CH2)qX<2>R<5>]  q = an integer of 2-4  R<5> is H, C1-C10 alkyl group  X<2> is 0 or NH each of X and X<1> may be the same or may be different and when p>1 each of the repeating units [X(CH2)m] may be the same or may be different. Polyamines or alcoholamines are preferred amines. The hydrogenation of the intermediate product is preferably effected by formic acid. The process of the invention is preferably carried out in one step.
Patent ZA-91756-B (ZA)
Title: Propellant gases and their use in pharmaceutical preparations
Inventor: WEIL HANS-HERMANN
IPC: A61K47/06
Filed: 1991-02-01
Abstract: Pharmaceutical preparations for producing powder aerosols using propellant gases which use TG 227, and possibly also TG 11, TG 12, TGH 114, propane, butane, pentane or DME.
Patent ZA-93929-B (ZA)
Title: A process for the preparation of biologically active materialcontaining polymeric microcapsules.
Inventor: DIRIX CARDINA ANNA MARIA CHRIS
IPC: B01J13/04
Filed: 1993-02-10
Abstract: A process for the preparation of microcapsules containing biologically active material is disclosed. The process involves dissolving a polymer into a solvent into which the active material is also introduced; atomizing the resulting suspension or solution and collecting the droplets in a non-solvent for the polymeric droplets containing active material, resulting in coagulation. Subsequently, the coagulated droplets are hardened in a second non-solvent.
Patent AT-409161-B (AT)
Title: Method of constructing tunnel systems
IPC: E21D11/40
Filed: 1995-07-13
Granted: 2002-06-25
Abstract: The invention relates to a method of constructing tunnel systems, consisting of the following steps: - creating a cavity by a heading machine; - lining the cavity by setting tubbing plates 9 by means of an erector 8, the erector 8 being controlled by means of a control device 109; - connecting the tubbing plates 9 newly set in each case to the already set tubbing plates 9 by connecting elements, such as, for instance, dowels 18 or pins; in which case, when the tubbing plates 9 are being inserted, the respective position of the erector 8 is recorded by measuring technique and stored by data systems. An increase in the efficiency is achieved by at least sections of the support being automated, the position of the tubbing plates 9 to be set with respect to the already set tubbing plates 9 being determined via sensors S1, and by the erector 8 being controlled on the basis of the values determined by the sensors S1, in the course of which additional position data are recorded. <IMAGE>
Patent AT-389613-B (AT)
Title: Device with a blanket having a conductor track incorporated in the latter
Inventor: HIMMELSBACH RUDOLF
IPC: H05B3/34
Filed: 1981-05-21
Granted: 1990-01-10
Abstract: Device with a blanket 1 having a conductor track 2 which is incorporated in the latter and whose ends are connected to a voltage source during operation. If the human body is exposed to an external magnetic field whose frequency range corresponds to that of its internal biofrequencies (ca. 10 Hz), this can contribute to stabilization or interference suppression of these biofrequencies and thereby enhance subjective well-being. This positive effect is rendered possible by the device according to the invention, by virtue of the fact that the conductor track 2 is continuously closed and is connected by its ends to a pulse generator 3 having a preferably variable frequency of up to 20 Hz. <IMAGE>
Patent AT-387574-B (AT)
IPC: A61K31/395
Filed: 1985-12-23
Granted: 1989-02-10
Abstract: Process for the preparation of novel carbapenem derivatives of the formula I in which R<1> is a hydroxyethyl group, R<15> is hydrogen or methyl, A is a C1-C2-alkylene group, R<5> is a C1-C3-alkyl or -alkylene group or a carboxylatomethyl group and the radical IV is an optionally substituted pyridinium, imidazolinium, thiazolium, triazolium, tetrazolium or thiadiazolium radical, by reacting the compound II with a thiol of the formula III. <IMAGE>
Patent DK-164165-B (DK)
Inventor: MARCHAND BERNARD
IPC: C07D235/06
Filed: 1986-10-03
Abstract: The invention relates to 1-tert.-butylamino-3-(4-hydroxy-8-thiochromanyloxy)-2-propanol.
Patent FI-78300-B (FI)
Inventor: BASCHANG GERHARD
IPC: C07F9/10
Filed: 1985-07-22
Granted: 1989-03-31
Abstract: Described are phosphatidyl compounds of the formula I    <IMAGE>  (I) in which R1 represents C3-14-alkanoyl, benzoyl, the acyl radical of an  alpha -aminocarboxylic acid that is other than glycine, L-alanine and derivatives thereof having a substituted amino group, and of which the  alpha -amino group may be substituted by lower alkanoyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl or by benzyloxycarbonyl, or the acyl radical of a  beta -aminocarboxylic acid or an  alpha - or  beta -hydroxycarboxylic acid, T represents a group NH that is unsubstituted or is substituted by lower alkyl, or oxygen, Y represents dimethylene that is unsubstituted or is substituted by free, etherified or amidated carboxy, W represents hydrogen, and Z represents a 1,2-dihydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or hydroxymethyl group, in which at least one of the hydroxy groups is esterified by an aliphatic C8-30-carboxylic acid or is etherified by an aliphatic C8-30-alcohol, or each of W and Z represents a hydroxymethyl group that is esterified by an aliphatic C8-30-carboxylic acid or is etherified by an aliphatic C8-30-alcohol, and their salts, and processes for their manufacture. The mentioned novel compounds, and structurally related compounds that are likewise described and that belong to the state of the art, are used for the propylaxis and treatment of viral infections.
Patent FI-77084-B (FI)
Title: Sewage pumping station
Inventor: RAESAENEN JORMA
IPC: E03F/
Filed: 1987-03-03
Granted: 1988-09-30
Abstract: Sewage pumping station located below ground level and from where incoming sewage water is pumped further into e.g. a treatment station and which includes a cylindrical tank (1) with space for water (4), dry service space (6), one or more pumps (10) where one or more access holes or an upper tube (3) arranged above the tank (1) whose diameter is intrinsically smaller than the tank, are arranged above the tank (1) which are utilized to access the inside of the tank, and where the pumping station lid (7) forms the service level of the service space (6) or at least a part of it. Current sewage pumping stations have problems fitting them into different immersion depths. In them the entire pumping station height must be altered according to the immersion depth. With this invention the problem is solved by arranging a pump space (5) according to which the water space (4) whose lid (8) and water space (4) lid are essentially level and essentially form the whole service level (7, 8).<IMAGE>
Patent FI-100457-B (FI)
Inventor: SATO ICHIEI
IPC: A61K35/28
Filed: 1989-08-09
Granted: 1997-12-15
Abstract: Preparing process of physiologically active substance with anticancer effect and the substance prepared by the process. This process comprises: transplanting of cancer cells in a mammal abdominal cavity; administering an anticancer agent in the abdominal cavity; intravenously administering spleen cells extracted from a normal and the same kind of mammal in a vena of the mammal to which cancerous cells have been transplanted; collecting ascites retained in the abdominal cavity after elapse of a predetermined time period; and fractionating a supernatant liquid of the ascites by Cohn's fractionation to isolate Cohn V fraction of said supernatants.
Patent FI-100509-B (FI)
Inventor: FROMMELT MARKUS
IPC: B25C1/00
Filed: 1992-11-10
Granted: 1997-12-31
Abstract: The setting device operated by powder force has a guide passage (9) for strip-shaped cartridge magazines (8), feed means (10) and retaining means (15) being arranged which project into the guide cross-section of the guide passage (9). Blocking members (13, 14) are arranged in the entry area of the guide passage (9). By means of insertion bevels (8c, 8d) arranged on the cartridge magazine (8), the blocking members (13, 14) are pushed out of the guide cross-section of the guide passage (9) so that the cartridge magazine (8) can be pushed further into the guide passage (9) until it comes to bear against the feed means (10) or retaining means (15). 
<IMAGE>
Patent FI-95893-B (FI)
Inventor: LINDBERG JAN
IPC: B62B3/00
Filed: 1993-06-04
Granted: 1995-12-29
Abstract: A device designed to obtain a guide actuation of a caster-wheel on a wagon, a wheeled bed etc., provided with at least three but preferably four drive wheels, at least one of which or possibly two are caster-wheels, on any type of wheeled object, without any substantial alteration of or addition to the wagon or the wheels or the rolls. The guide device comprises a rotatable handle bar (10), which is mounted in an easily accessible area and which is connected to a flexible axle (11), which can be pulled in any desired curves and loops and which extends through a hollow rotational spindle (9) for the guidable caster-wheel (6) and which with its end is fixedly attached to the wheel fork (7) of this caster-wheel (6).
Patent FI-97891-B (FI)
Inventor: VON BORSTEL REID WARREN
IPC: A61K8/00
Filed: 1994-03-16
Granted: 1996-11-29
Abstract: Use of acyl derivatives of deoxyribonucleosides in manufacture of a medicament for enhancing haematopoesis or enhancing healing of bone marrow. <IMAGE>
Patent HU-207489-B (HU)
Inventor: BROZIK CSABA
IPC: B65G47/64
Filed: 1991-04-05
Abstract: Menesztőszerkezet, főként vágóhídi és húsüzemi magaspályarendszerekhez,
amely a magaspálya két, különböző
szintmagasságban futó pályatartománya közé beiktatott,
előnyösen laposacél ferdepályát (12) tartalmaz.
Lényege, hogy egy, a magaspályarendszer hordszerkezetéhez
előnyösen csavarkötéssel függesztetten rögzített,
egy fogadőszakasszal (121) és egy eleresztőszakasszal
(122) kialakított ferdepályát (12) hordó, végein
ágyazott, a ferdepálya (12) mellett azzal párhuzamosan
elrendezett, egy meghatározott menetemelkedéssel feltekercselt
csigamenetes (20) pályakocsi (5) menesztő
csőtengelye (2), és egy, a tartóegységen (1) rögzített, a
csőtengellyel (2) térközzel párhuzamos kihajtótengelyű
hajtóműves villamos motort (30), valamint az előbbi kihajtótengelyére
és a csőtengelyre (2) felékelt egy-egy
lánckerék körül terelt hajtóláncot tartalmazó lánchajtá
Patent HU-194403-B (HU)
Inventor: KISS ISTVAN
IPC: G01N1/22
Filed: 1982-05-18
Abstract: A találmány környezetvédelmi mérőműszer együttes, főleg légszennyezési mérésekhez a környezetet szennyező források kibocsátásának ún. emissziójának és/vagy a környezet szennyezettség mértékének, ún. immissziójának vizsgálatára, amely mérőműszer együttesnek a szennyező forrásban elhelyezett mintavevő szondája, a mintavevő szonda esetleges eltömődését, valamint a méréshez szükséges minimális gázmennyiség levételét érzékelő működtető szerve, pl. a szabályozható nyomásérzékelő kapcsolója, továbbá a méréshez szükséges leszívó szivattyúja, a gázelemző készüléket a szabad légiénél összekötő vezetékbe iktatott, a visszaáramlást megakadályozó visszacsapó szelepe, valamint adott esetben a visszaáramlást meggátló további szervei vannak. Jellegzetessége, hogy a mintavevő szondát (1) és a vizsgálandó gázminta ned- vességtartalmának egy részét leválasztó hűtővel (4) összekötő, a nedvesség kicsapódását megakadályozó vezetéke (3), a hűtőhöz (4) kapcsolódó villamos üzemű gázhűtője (5), a gázhűtőhöz (5) csatlakozó szűrője (6), a szivattyút (9) és a szűrőt (6) összekötő csővezetékbe iktatott mennyiségmérője, pl. rotamétere (7)   , a szivattút (9) megkerülő by pass vezetékbe iktatott, a szivattyút (9) által leszívott gázmennyiséget szabályozó és a szennyező forrásban (2) elhelyezett érzékelővel (16) vezérelt áramlás szabályozó szerve (8)   , a szivattyúval (9) összekötött gáztartálya (10), a gáztartályhoz (10) kapcsolódó gázelemző készülékei (13), valamint a gáz tartályt (10) a szabad légtérrel összekötő csővezetékbe iktatott gázmennyiség mérője (11) van. (Jellemző ábra az 1.)  -1-
Patent HU-192070-B (HU)
Title: Process for transforming carboxy group into trichloro-methyl group
Inventor: MCKENDRY LENNON H
IPC: C07C17/093
Filed: 1981-08-19
Abstract: Method for converting carboxylic acid groups to trichloromethyl groups which comprises contacting a compound containing a carboxylic acid group with a phenylphosphonic dichloride and phosphorus pentachloride and recovering the thus produced product.
Patent HU-198389-B (HU)
Inventor: BAKO TIBOR
IPC: A61K31/295
Filed: 1987-05-28
Abstract: Eljárás vas(II)-szukcinát tartalmú, javított felsávó- dású, szájon át adagolható állatgyógyászati anémia-ellenes takarménykiegészítő készítmények előállítására. A vas(II)-szukcinátot hideg kicsapással állítják elő és magas hőmérsékletű, előnyösen —1 atmoszféra nyomáson 80 °C hőkezeléssel 5 molekulatömegű vizet tartalmazó, izomorf kristályhidráttá alakítják és ebből megfelelő készítményformát állítanak elő. Többértékű alkohol vagy/és növényi olaj vagy/és szénhidrátszármazékkal előnyösen glicerinnel, szójaolajjal, napraforgó-olajjal, methylcellulózzal, nagy viszkozitású, célszerűen aplikátorból szájon át adagolható paszta-állományú terméket formáznak, amelyben 8— 12% fémvasnak megfelelő mennyiségű vas(II)-szukciná- tot alkalmaznak. A vas(II)-szukcinátot takarmánysó vagy/és korpalisztben 8—12% arányban vanilinnel aromatizálva formázzák, az eljárás egy változata szerint. A készítményben 0,20—0,40% rézsót vagy/és (Π) sót 0,10—0,15% kobalt vagy/és 0,020-0,030% mangánsót is alkalmaznak.
Patent HU-199273-B (HU)
Title: Device for double-sided cooking,baking
Inventor: BERLING L C
IPC: A47J37/06
Filed: 1986-09-30
Abstract: An apparatus for effecting two-sided cooking of food products, such as frozen hamburger patties, is disclosed which has been configured for highly desirable efficiency, versatility, and consistency in food product preparation. The apparatus includes a housing upon which is mounted a substantially horizontal lower platen assembly, with the apparatus further including one or more upper platen assemblies each mounted on a respective pivotal support arm for movement between a lowered inactive position and a raised active position with respect to the lower platen assembly. The apparatus includes a mounting arrangement for permitting limited relative movement of each upper platen assembly with respect to its support arm, and further includes mechanisms for maintaining a predetermined minimum spacing between the upper and lower platens for avoiding undue compaction of the food products. Automatic controls effect upward movement of the upper platen for precise cooking control.