baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-915188-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the extraction of cobalt
IPC: C22B23/06
Filed: 1959-02-06
Abstract: Cobalt, nickel and iron are extracted from sulphidic material containing these metals, with or without copper, by roasting to reduce the sulphide sulphur content to less than 0,5%, reducing the roasted material to convert substantially all the Ni and Co and at least part of the Fe to the metallic state, and subjecting the reduced material to treatment with CO at 300-1,000 p.s.i.g. and 175 DEG -350 DEG F. in the presence of active sulphur not exceeding 1% to convert the Co, Ni, and Fe to carbonyls, at least part of the treatment being at not exceeding 275 DEG F. to convert a major part of the Co to carbonyl.  The carbonyls are separated and converted to the respective metals.  The carbonylation may be at not exceeding 275 DEG F. in two stages, one stage under static gas conditions, and the other under flowing gas conditions. Alternatively, part of the carbonylation may be below 275 DEG F., e.g. 180 DEG F., and part above, e.g. 300 DEG F.  The ratio of Fe to Ni in the carbonyls should be 2:1 to 1:7 by weight as described in Specification 856,425.  The sulphide material may be concentrates or mattes, and may be reduced at 750 DEG F. with H2, or with a controlled selectively reducing atmosphere as described in Specification 856,425.  Active S may be provided by H2S, or by addition of S, or iron pyrite, or by any other method described in Specification 347,208.  The first part of the carbonylation may be effected without active S, or with only part of the required amount, and the second part with the remainder. Thus the reduced material may be treated with CO at 180 DEG F., cooled to 95 DEG F. and treated with H2S, and finally treated with CO at 300 DEG F.  The carbonyls may be condensed from the carbonylation effluent by cooling under pressure, or cobalt carbonyl may be crystallized from the residue, and Ni and Fe carbonyls fractionally distilled, or vice versa.  Alternatively, fractional crystallization, sublimation, decomposition, diffusion, or absorption methods may be used.  The carbonylation residue may be treated to recover Cu and precious metals.  The residue may be subjected to aqueous ammoniacal solution leaching under pressure and the resulting solution carbonylated.  Ni, Fe, or their carbonyls, or mixtures may be added to the reduced material before carbonylation.
Patent GB-1454070-A (GB)
Title: Dynamo-electric apparatus
IPC: H02K47/16
Filed: 1975-01-31
Abstract: 1454070 Dynamo-electric machines ELECTRIC MOTION CONTROL CORP INTERNATIONAL 31 Jan 1975 4299/75 Heading H2A A d.c.-d.c. rotary converter includes a field winding energised by a substantially constant supply voltage; a rotor carrying an armature winding and a commutator, which is engaged by a primary set of brushes connected to the supply voltage to rotate the rotor; two sets of secondary brushes engaging the commutator and mounted for rotation about the rotor axis through equal but opposite angles relative to the axis of the primary brush set and a circuit connecting the secondary brush sets to output terminals to supply output currents therefrom. In Fig. 1, the secondary brush sets 42, 44 are mounted on rings 32, 34 rotated in opposite directions by a pinion wheel 50 engaging bevel teeth 33, 35. The brush output currents are passed via rectifier circuits and over-excitation windings (Fig. 2 not shown) to be parallel connected to the output terminals. The rectifier circuits are arranged to pass the output currents through the overexcitation windings in a consistent direction whatever the sense of the output current. The output voltage varies from positive equality to the energising voltage to negative equality as #=# 1 =# 2  varies from 0-180 electrical degrees. The converter output may thus be used to energise a vehicle drive and as illustrated in Fig. 3 (not shown), power loss in the converter is zero at #=0, 90‹ and 180‹ i.e. at maximum speed and at zero speed when maximum torque is required. In Fig. 4, the converter energises a motor 94 and power output from the system is derived from a differential unit 92 receiving the converter shaft 23 and the motor shaft 96 as its inputs. At # = 0, the shafts 23, 96 rotate at equal speeds in opposite directions and the output collar 90 remains stationary. As # is increased, shaft 96 slows down before rotating in the opposite direction causing the output collar 90 to increase in speed in proportion. Thus converter 10 is also used to transduce power between source 60 and the shaft 23. Since the torques supplied by the shafts 23, 96 are in a fixed ratio, the secondary current of the converter, i.e. the motor 94 armature current represents the torque component in the transducer 10 primary current. Thus, the converter output current is used to compensate for the armature reaction due to this component. Compensation windings 106, 107 are thus provided on the field winding quadrature axis. Compensation windings 112, 113 are also provided for motor 94. Where the converter is used to provide two different output voltages (i.e. the secondary brush sets supply independent loads), e.g. for energising left and right side drive motors on a vehicle, a gearing arrangement is used (Fig. 8 not shown) to enable like variation of the voltages for speed variation by equal and opposite rotation of the brushes as well as differential variation for steering by equal rotation in the same direction.
Patent GB-393370-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the transport of milk, molasses or other material inbulk
IPC: B61D47/00
Filed: 1932-02-13
Abstract: 393,370. Carrying road vehicles on railway wagons. DYSON, J. and DYSON & CO., Ltd., R. A., 76, Grafton Street, Liverpool. Feb. 13, 1932, No. 4301. [Class 78 (iv).] To facilitate the loading and transport on rail of a road vehicle for collecting milk, molasses,&c. in bulk, the railway wagon 1 is provided a t the end or side with two independently hinged ramps 2 with vertical walls 4 and widely-flared outer ends 7 to form guides for the wheels of the road vehicles, the ramps being raised to the vertical position, as shown in broken lines, when not in use. The ramps may be provided at each end of the wagon.
Patent GB-179625-A (GB)
Title: New or improved apparatus for drawing sheet metal and the like
IPC: B21D5/06
Filed: 1921-02-07
Abstract: 179,625. Thacker, W. H. Feb. 7, 1921. Drawing ; tongs and grippers expanding and stretching.-In a draw-bench for drawing sheet metal and the like particularly to a curved section which may afterwards be filled with lead &c. to serve as a beading for motor vehicles &c., a manually-operable eccentric or other clamp is incorporated between the dies and the drawing- tongs so as to grip the strip after it has passed through or is about to leave the dies, so that the drawing is temporarily arrested and the strip straightened by the consequent stretching action. The tongs consist of levers 27, Fig. 5, which are connected by links 25 to a pair of plates 26, the tongs being guided by the plates and a roller on the pivot of the levers sliding in a groove in the bench. A slotted plate 29 limits the opening of the tongs. To one of the plates 26 is attached one end of a chain 4 which passes over a pulley 13 loose on a shaft 7 and is secured to a winding- drum 12 on a shaft 11. To the second plate 26 is secured one end of a band 5, which passes over guide-pulleys 18 and is secured to a drum 17 fixed on a shaft 14. The shaft 7 is driven by belt gearing 8 through a countershaft 6 from an electric motor, and drives by a crossed belt 15 a pulley 16, which may be clutched to the shaft 14 by operating a handle 22 to traverse the tongs towards the die 23. The operative stroke of the tongs is effected by the chain 4 through the drum 12 on the shaft 11. which is connected bv a toothed wheel 10 to a toothed wheel 9 loosely mounted on the shaft 7 but clutched thereto by operating a handle 21. When the whole or the greater part of the strip has passed through the dies, the rear end is momentarily held stationary against a bed 35 by a clamp such as an eccentric 24 operated by a handle 33 so as to stretch and thus straighten the blank. When the clamp is withdrawn, the tongs automatically release the strip so that it may be removed from the machine.
Patent GB-1189055-A (GB)
Title: Reflector Structure
IPC: G02B5/12
Filed: 1968-01-26
Abstract: 1,189,055. Reflex reflectors. ELASTIC STOP NUT CORP OF AMERICA. Jan.26, 1968 [March 24, 1967], No.4333/68. Heading G2J. [Also in Division E1] A reflector structure, e.g. for road marking or traffic signs, comprises a body 201 of transparent material the rear face of which has a plurality of recesses each defining a cell 210 surrounded by a cell wall 211, a plurality of retro-directive reflectors elements 220 being formed on the body in the recesses so that light 240 incident upon the front face of the reflector is reflected from the reflector elements back towards the source. The reflector elements are of the cube corner type, a plurality of elements being disposed in each cell so as to substantially fill the cell. The total area of the cells is from 10%-90%, preferably 50% of the area of the reflector. The portions of the reflector not forming cells acts to reflect ambient illumination e.g. daylight whilst the cells themselves act to reflect horizontally directed beams, e.g. car headlamps. A backing member 255, e.g. a metal foil or a sheet of synthetic plastics resin covers the rear face and hermetically seals each cell portions of the backing member adjacent the cell walls 211 acting as a reflector. The reflector elements may have a metal coating.
Patent GB-1383504-A (GB)
Title: Housing for electrical components
IPC: H02G3/12
Filed: 1971-02-10
Abstract: 1383504 Junction boxes TENBY ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES Ltd 25 April 1972 [10 Feb 1971 23 April 1971] 4344/71 and 10915/71 Heading H2E [Also in Divisions E2 and H1] A box for mounting an electrical component, such as a switch, has a flange 12 at the open end and oppositely-disposed apertures 13 through which ears 14 project. When mounted in a hole in a panel 21 the flanges 12 engage the front surface and ears 14 the rear surface. Each ear is carried by a member 15 comprising a hollow boss 17 having a spring 18. A slot 20 in the boss accommodates a tongue 19 against which spring 18 bears. Web 23 supports ear 14 and prevents it from fouling the panel during insertion of the box. Threaded metal inserts in bosses 17 secure the face plate of a component mounted in the box, and carrying inserts to receive screws of the component. The housing may be circular or rectangular.
Patent GB-608075-A (GB)
Title: Powder dispensing
IPC: B01F23/30
Filed: 1946-02-14
Abstract: 608,075. Hoppers. LINDE AIR PRODUCTS CO. Feb. 14, 1946, No. 4712. Convention date, March 1, 1945. [Class 78 (i)] [Also in Group II] Apparatus for dispensing a free flowing powdered material at superatmospheric pressure. comprises a gas-tight housing 11 containing a feeding hopper 37 with funnel 41, a powderguiding conduit 33 having an outlet 34 to feed the powder to a powder discharge conduit 19, a vibrator 31 to cause the flow of powder to the outlet and means for introducing a stream of gas at superatmospheric pressure to the discharge conduit for carrying the powder therethrough. The housing 11 is supplied with gas by conduit 15 coupled to the top wall 16 and controlled by valve 17. The housing is supported on the floor by adjustable legs 23. The vibrator 31 rests on springs 32 on the floor of a housing 11 and supports trough 33. A vibrator 51 is mounted on the side of the hopper 37. The rate of powder dispensing can be varied by varying the amplitude and/or frequency of vibration of the trough 33, by vibrator 31 and controller 53 or by changing the inclination of the trough. In a modification, the gas-tight housing is dispensed with and the system is made gas-tight. Air is introduced at the outlet end of the guiding conduit. A gas-tight conduit equalizes the gas pressure between the container and guiding conduit which are rigidly secured together and are vibrated simultaneously.
Patent GB-617897-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved pyrometer
IPC: G01J5/28
Filed: 1946-02-14
Abstract: 617,897. Pyrometers. STOKES, C., and ROBERTS, M. H. Feb. 14, 1946, No. 4722. [Class 40 (iii)] In a pyrometer a pencil of radiation from a hot body is directed on a photo-cell, the output of which is varied at a predetermined frequency, amplified and used to operate indicating, recording, or automatic control means responsive to the amplifier output. Fig. 1 of the drawings accompanying the Complete Specification shows a hot body 1, the radiation from which is focused by lens 2 on the screen 5 having a circular hole 4 behind which a motor-driven rotating shutter 6 interrupts the radiation passing to photocell 9, at about 200 c.p.s. Suitable filters may be inserted to pass only the required range of radiation wavelengths, which may be confined to the infra-red, The photo-cell VO output is applied to the input of a resistance - coupled negative-feedback amplifier V1-V4 (Fig. 2) having a variable attenuator R17-27 and supplied with stabilized H.T., the amplified signal being rectified by a double diode V5, the output of one section biassing the grid of a valve V6 having a measuring instrument 16 connected in the cathode circuit. The other diode section rectifies only a signal exceeding its variable positive cathode bias, and its output supplies the grid of a valve V7 in the anode circuit of which is connected a relay L2, operating at a given temperature, to switch off a H.F. furnace, or to change a workpiece, the radiation from which falls upon the measuring photo-cell. The instrument may operate a pen recorder, and the indicating means may have an expanded scale covering a small temperature range, or a logarithmic scale. The Provisional Specification and accompanying drawings (not shown) describe an amplifier differing in detail from the above, and furnace control by means of a gas-filled triode operated by the amplified alternating photo-cell signal.
Patent GB-236853-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in garment hangers
IPC: A47G25/48
Filed: 1925-02-20
Abstract: 236,853. Silbermann, W. Feb. 20, 1925. Addition to 187,166. Coat and like hangers.-The levers 3 and their clamping pads 7 of the parent Specification are raised and maintained in inoperative position by means of hand-operated levers 13, 14. The levers are provided with slots 17 to enable them to slide on the suspension hook, and also with a notch and pin interlocking means 20, 21.
Patent GB-980852-A (GB)
Title: An electrolyte for use in the galvanic deposition of bright polished coatings
IPC: C25D3/18
Filed: 1961-02-09
Abstract: A nickel plating bath includes as a brightening and levelling agent an N-substitution product of pyridine or quinoline of formula: <FORM:0980852/C6-C7/1> where n=0 to 2; m is 1 or 2; X is an aliphatic group having 1-6 fold bonds of the type 1 1/2 -3 (as observed by infra-red spectroscopy), R1 is H or an aliphatic radical which may be attached to a pyridine or quinoline ring; R2=H or the group -(CH2)n-(X)p-R1 where n and p are 0 to 2, and Z is an anion of a water soluble acid.  The fold bonds may occur between C atoms or between C atoms and hetero-atoms or between hetero-atoms, e.g. O, S, and P.  Examples include: 1-phenaryl pyridinium iodide, beta-oxycyclohexyl pyridinium chloride, N-cyclopentadienyl pyridinium chloride, N-2-malonyl pyridinium chloride, N-carboxy sulpho methyl-pyridinium chloride. Optional additions include heterocyclic sulpho acids, sulphonamides, and sodium lauryl sulphate, boric acid, and saccharin.  The plating is effected at pH 2-5 and at 40-70 DEG C. The homogeneous nickel coating is suitable for subsequent chromium plating.
Patent GB-564445-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in radio beacons
IPC: G01S1/02
Filed: 1943-03-25
Abstract: 564,445. Directive wireless signalling. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO., Ltd., and GREEN, E. March 25, 1943, No. 4866. [Class 40 (v)] In an equi-signal or other radio-beacon in which the phase of one output is maintained constant while the phase of a second output is periodically varied to vary the directivity, the latter output circuit is coupled to the supply both directly and through a quarter-wave line or other impedance-inverting network, keying means being used to make these couplings alternately effective. Fig. 1 shows the principle of the invention, two low-resistance alternators A1, A2 being connected by a quarter-wave transmission line Zo and a load impedance Z, adjacent one of the alternators. When the key K1 is open, alternator A1 supplies load Z with a current in quadrature with the voltage of A1, but A2 supplies only a small current, since the line Zo presents a high impedance thereto. When the key K1 is closed, the conditions are reversed, line Zo offering a high impedance to A1, and A2 supplies current through Z, K1, having a phase determined by Z, so that it is different from that supplied by A1 when K1 is open. In the system shown in Fig. 2, highfrequency current is supplied to push-pull valves V1, V2, having two output circuits, one via transformer T2 leading to the load of invariable phase, and the other via transformer T3 to the load Z (e.g. an aerial feeder) to be supplied with a phase periodically varied by key K1 or equivalent keyed valve. The transformer secondaries L8, L9 (corresponding to alternators A1, A2 in Fig. 1) are connected by a quarter-wave line Zo and load Z, condenser C9 being so chosen that when K1 is closed, circuit L9, C9, Z is tuned to the supply frequency so that current supplied to the load Z is in phase with the voltage in L9. When key K1 is open, current is supplied to Z from L8 in quadrature. The phase of the current in Z is thus varied periodically by key K1 and produces the desired changes in directivity.
Patent GB-631132-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gas heated water heaters
IPC: F24H1/20
Filed: 1947-02-19
Abstract: 631,132. Hot-water boilers. BARRALETS, Ltd., and HENTSCH, R. A. Feb. 19, 1947, No. 4911. [Class 64(i)] In a gas heated water heater having a flue passage and combustion chamber extending up through the main water space and surrounded by a jacket with openings at the top and bottom for the circulation and rapid heating of water, at least the lower portion of the combustion chamber is heat insulated from the upward flow of cold water to maintain the temperature of the combustion chamber wall sufficiently high to vapourize any moisture which may trickle down from the surfaces above it. In the form shown, the combustion chamber 16 is encircled by two water jackets. The inner jacket' 30 is separated from the outer jacket by an air space 31, and is closed at the bottom to form a stagnant water space. The outer water jacket communicates at its lower end with the lower end of the main water space 10, and the two jackets communicate through holes 40. A heat conducting unit comprising a baffle pipe 18 having radial fins 19 is arranged in the flue pipe 15. Alternatively the fins may be dispensed with and the baffle pipe carried to the top of the flue, being supported there by a locating member. The cold water inlet pipe 20 extends upwardly through the main water space and is bent over at its upper end to deliver water into a larger diameter pipe 23 which is apertured for the outlet of water at 24. The cold inflowing water passes upwardly through the outer water jacket formed between walls 33 and 38, through holes 40 and then upwardly through an extension pipe 32 which surrounds the flue 15 and terminates a short distance below the level of the draw-off pipe. The heat-responsive element 41 of the thermostat controlling the gas supply extends upwardly into the lower end of pipe 23. A second thermostat may be provided, the heat responsive element being located in the main water space above the level of the heat conducting unit. A gap 36 connects the air space 31 to the external air, and small tubes may connect the air space 31 to the combustion chamber.
Patent GB-1500904-A (GB)
Title: Carriage especially for use in mines
IPC: E21C29/00
Filed: 1974-02-02
Abstract: 1500904 Racks PERARD ENG Ltd 21 Jan 1975 [2 Feb 1974] 04927/74 Heading F2Q [Also in Divisions B7 and E1] A carriage, particularly the carriage of a mining mineral winning machine, is propelled along a toothed rack 40 by a continuous round link type chain having alternate links 30a, 30b relatively offset by 90 degrees, the chain being driven by a sprocket 13 having axially spaced tooth formations 29a, 29b for engaging the peripheries of the links and being deflected into engagement with the rack by a shoe 31. The chain passes about sprocket 13 and is trained about two vertical guide sprockets 18a, (18b) (Fig. 2, not shown) in housing 21 and directed to shoe 31. A chain guide 19, horizontal idler 16 and vertical idlers (17a, 17b, Fig. 2) in housing 20 direct the chain back to the drive sprocket. The axially spaced tooth formations 29a, 29b on the drive sprocket allow a horizontal link to seat therebetween whilst the vertical links are peripherally engaged by adjacent pairs of the teeth. The shoe 31 has end plates 42 with cruciform apertures 43 for the chain and a chain engaging member 35 therebetween, this member having a longitudinal groove on its lower surface for engaging the chain. The rack 40 comprises pairs of laterally spaced tooth formations 48, 49 having concave surfaces 48a, 48b for engaging the periphery of the horizontal links, the vertical links passing through the gap between the formations. The shoe 31 is provided with a plough member 41 for clearing dirt from between formations 48, 49, and is mounted on the apparatus by a pin passed through aperture 33, this mounting allowing a degree of horizontal and vertical pivoting to the shoe. In a mineral winning machine the rack 40 is mounted on a top rail 45 of an armoured face conveyer and is constituted by series of plates 46 having the formations 48, 49 extending along the conveyer. The plates are mounted on side plates 50 fixed to the conveyer, the side plates being joined end to end along the conveyer by cylindrical connectors 75 whose annular grooves 77, 78 are received in recesses 76 on end plates 73, 74 of the side plates. The connection allows limited movement between rack sections to follow conveyer articulations.
Patent GB-102774-A (GB)
Title: Improved Engine Stop Device for Internal Combustion Engines having Forced Lubrication.
Inventor: SKEOCH JAMES BAIRD
IPC: F16N29/04
Filed: 1916-10-03
Abstract: 102,774. Skeoch, J. B. Oct. 3, 1916, Stop-gear. - Relates to liquid-pressure devices for stopping internal-combustion engines provided with forced lubrication, when the oil supply fails. A cylinder A connected to the oil-supply system contains a spring- pressed piston D. When the normal oil supply is provided, the piston is raised, and a lever W is moved so that it is cut of contact with an adjustable screw P conrected to the ignition circuit. Should the oil supply fail, the spring presses the piston downwards and allows the lever W to come into contact with the screw P and short-circuit the ignition device.