Patent GB-590737-A (GB)
Title: Process for modifying fats and fatty oils for edible purposes
IPC: C11C3/10
Filed: 1945-02-13
Abstract: The consistency of fat for plastic shortening production is improved by subjecting it to a process of inter-molecular rearrangement as described in the parent Specification at a temperature below that at which solid triglycerides will start to precipitate from the mixture, allowing the rearrangement to continue after the precipitation of solid glycerides has started until a substantial increase in the proportion of saturated triglycerides has occurred, inactivating the catalyst by treatment with an acid, washing, refining and deodorizing the rearranged fat, adjusting where necessary the proportion of saturated triglycerides formed by admixture of glyceride oil or other methods, and then plasticizing the product by the usual methods (such as passage over a chilled roll and through a picker box) to give a shortening.  In an example 100 parts of refined cottonseed oil having a cloud point of 27.5 DEG F. were dried, 0.2 parts of sodium methoxide added at 120 DEG F. in the form of a 10 per cent. suspension in xylene, mechanically mixed for 30 minutes in a vessel arranged to exclude air, and the mixture chilled at 50 DEG F. until crystals of solid fat began to form.  After standing for 3 days at 70 DEG F. the mixture had become solid and was treated with 20 per cent. hydrochloric acid to inactivate the catalyst.  The acid was then removed by washing with hot water.  While the iodine value of the oil after this treatment was unchanged, its cloud point had been increased to 88.2 DEG F. by the rearrangement process. After refining with sodium hydroxide solution and bleaching with fullers earth the product was passed over a chilled roll and through a picker box in the usual manner and therby converted into a plastic shortening stable at ordinary room temperature.ALSO:Plastic shortenings are made from edible oils and fats which have been subjected to a catalytic intermolecular rearrangement as described in the parent Specification at a temperature below that at which solid triglycerides start to precipitate, the rearrangement being allowed to continue after the precipitation of solid glycerides has started until a substantial increase in the proportion of saturated triglycerides has occurred and the catalyst being thereupon inactivated.  In an example 100 parts of refined cottonseed oil having a cloud point of 27.5 DEG C. were dried, 0.2 parts of sodium methoxide in the form of a 10 per cent. suspension in xylene added at 120 DEG F., the oil and catalyst mixed for 30 minutes in a vessel arranged to exclude air, and the mixture chilled at 50 DEG F. until crystals of solid fat began to form.  After standing for 3 days at 70 DEG F. the mixture had become solid.  It was treated with 20 per cent. hydrochloric acid to inactivate the catalyst, washed with hot water, refined with sodium hydroxide solution and bleached with fullers earth.  While the iodine value of the oil remained unchanged, its cloud point had been increased to 88.2 DEG F. by the rearrangement process. Conversion to a plastic shortening stable at room temperature was effected by passing over a chilling roll and through a picker box in the usual manner.