baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FR-2443745-A1 (FR)
Title: Ionising particle impact localiser - has two low resistance layers on opposite sides of substrate and subdivided into halves by zigzag barriers
Inventor: ROZIERE GUY
IPC: G01T1/29
Filed: 1978-12-05
Abstract: The ionising particle impact localiser comprises a solid plate n-type substrate such as silicon having doped layers (30) on opposite sides, one of the same polarity e.g. n-type phosphorous and the other of opposite polarity e.g. p-type boron. These layers produce the effect of an inverse polarised diode. Contacts (31, 32) on both layers allow application of an electric field across the substrate. Each layer is formed of two ports divided by a zig-zag line of insulator, the lines being orientated at 90 deg to one another and having large height to base ratios. Alternatively the insulator may be omitted and a trench provided to separate the two halves. The two layers are conductive layers of effectively nil resistance. In a typical example of a localiser the substrate is a 50mm diameter disc 0.7mm thick with a resistance of 10K OMEGA/cm. The layer doping is 1015 atoms/square cm. The localiser has conventional applications such as in cathode ray tubes.
Patent FR-2443542-A1 (FR)
Title: Waterproof joint between chimney stack and roof - has integral roof plate cover and chimney skirt and is formed as prefabricated unit
IPC: E04D13/147
Filed: 1978-12-05
Abstract: Piece (3) is laid first and has the form of a shallow tray at one side defined by plate (18) and sides (19, 21) and at the other side has undulations (20) to fit over the first adjacent row of roof tiles. Piece (1) is placed around the stack and overlaps piece (3) so that the edges of plate (4) have to be tucked up into edges (21). Piece (2) is then slid up against the stack and overlaps piece (1) by having slightly larger skirt dimensions (14) so that grooves in the top of the skirt interlock and the straight parts (10) above the grooves tuck under a mortar bed applied to the side of the chimney stack.
Patent FR-2412509-A1 (FR)
Title: Procede de frittage de nitrure de silicium lie par reaction
IPC: C04B35/64
Filed: 1978-12-22
Abstract: L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE POUR L'OBTENTION D'ARTICLES EN NITRURE DE SILICIUM FRITTE A PARTIR D'UN ARTICLE COMPRIME DE NITRURE DE SILICIUM ET LES ARTICLES OBTENUS. LE PROCEDE DE L'INVENTION COMPREND LES ETAPES SUIVANTES: A.ON MET SOUS FORME D'UN ARTICLE COMPRIME AYANT UNE DENSITE D'AU MOINS 1,3GCM, UNE POUDRE DE SILICIUM CONTENANT UN OU PLUSIEURS ADDITIFS DE FRITTAGE POUR LE NITRURE DE SILICIUM, CES ADDITIFS ETANT PRESENTS DANS LA POUDRE EN QUANTITE TELLE QUE LA TENEUR EN ADDITIF SOIT DE 0,5 A 20 EN POIDS DANS L'ARTICLE COMPRIME DE NITRURE DE SILICIUM; B.ON NITRURE L'ARTICLE COMPRIME DE SILICIUM PAR CHAUFFAGE EN ATMOSPHERE D'AZOTE A UNE TEMPERATURE NE DEPASSANT PAS 1500C POUR TRANSFORMER LEDIT SILICIUM EN NITRURE DE SILICIUM LIE PAR REACTION; ET C.ON FRITTE L'ARTICLE COMPRIME DE NITRURE DE SILICIUM LIE PAR REACTION PAR CHAUFFAGE EN ATMOSPHERE D'AZOTE A UNE TEMPERATURE D'AU MOINS 1500C.
Patent FR-2414069-A1 (FR)
Title: Dispersions de suie/matiere plastique applicables a la fabrication d'enductions superficielles absorbant les rayons ultraviolets
Inventor: REUTER F
IPC: C08J7/04
Filed: 1978-12-26
Abstract: A.MISE EN OEUVRE DE DISPERSIONS DE SUIEMATIERE PLASTIQUE SPECIALES. B.DISPERSIONS DE TRES FINES PARTICULES DE SUIE ET DE PARTICULES DE MATIERE PLASTIQUE PRESENTANT UN HAUT POUVOIR COLLANT DE SURFACE, APPLICABLE A LA FABRICATION D'ENDUCTIONS SUPERFICIELLES ABSORBANT LES RAYONS ULTRAVIOLETS. C.L'INVENTION TROUVE SON APPLICATION PRINCIPALE DANS LA PRODUCTION D'ENDUCTIONS ABSORBANT LES RAYONS ULTRAVIOLETS.
Patent FR-2415217-A1 (FR)
IPC: F04D29/58
Filed: 1978-12-26
Abstract: In a centrifugal pump which delivers hot liquids and is in stand-by mode, a slide ring packing which consists of elastomers and has sealing elements must be cooled even during stand-still. To this end, a closed sealing circuit (16) containing a filter (19) and a cooler (22) is employed, in which flow medium is circulated during operation by means of an auxiliary conveying device (15). So as to prevent a temperature distribution from being produced during standstill in the rotor and stator [lacuna] with reference to the rotor shaft (2), which distribution may cause distortion of the pump parts and chafing of the rotor, the sealing circuit (16) is fed with additional flow medium whose temperature is below the maximum permitted temperature for the sealing materials and whose pressure is sufficient to push the additional flow medium via a gap (30) at least partially into the flow medium chamber of the pump. The additional flow medium may consist, e.g. in the case of power station feed pumps, of condensate.
Patent FR-2414763-A1 (FR)
Title: Etiquette adhesive sans support
IPC: B65C9/46
Filed: 1979-01-15
Abstract: Etiquette adhésive sans support de protection. La face normalement cachée de cette étiquette n'est revêtue d'adhésif que dans une région qui est sensiblement en face d'une région correspondante de sa face normalement visible, cette dernière région étant elle-même revêtue d'une matière facile à séparer de l'adhésif précité, le reste de la face visible constituant une surface destinée à l'impression de caractères ou de chiffres. Application à l'étiquetage de marchandises emballées.
Patent FR-2416201-A1 (FR)
Title: Procede de preparation de verre dans un four rotatif
IPC: C03B3/02
Filed: 1979-01-25
Abstract: L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication continue de verre. Elle se rapporte à un procédé dans lequel une composition est introduite dans un four rotatif chauffé par une flamme, avant évacuation dans une cuve d'affinage. Selon l'invention, les matières premières fondant à température élevée et notamment la silice, sont préchauffées dans un échangeur 103, avant introduction dans le four, les autres matières premières étant introduites séparément. Application à la fabrication du verre.
Patent FR-2447219-A1 (FR)
Title: Appts. for liquid classification - with tubular classifiers including spirally mounted filtering elements
Filed: 1979-01-29
Abstract: Appts. for classifying liq. mixt. according to their molecular weight comprises serially interconnected tubular classifiers. Individual classifiers are serially connected to form a unit and the units are then connected in parallel. Each classifier comprises a hollow casing with end plates and vertical transverse partitions arranged adjacent the end plates. The vertical partitions have through holes arranged in a spiral line to which tubular filtering elements are connected. Each tubular filtering element is arranged at an angle to both the longitudinal axis and the partitions. Filtrate is removed through pipes connected to the hollow casing. The appts. may be used for isolating silver salts from waste liq. in the photographic and film industries and also for concentrating enzymes.
Patent FR-2448464-A1 (FR)
Title: Overhead cable transporter system - has two endless driven cables supporting trolley with duplicate system by side for sharing heavy loads
IPC: B61B12/10
Filed: 1979-02-07
Abstract: The overhead cable transporter system (10) is based on two endless cables held in a vertical plane between two horizontally pivoted pulleys at each end. There is an outward and return driving station for the cables and a trolley with a grip for the load and a roller on the upper cables. A second cable system (20) operates parallel to the first. It can be driven independently of the other, but synchronised with it and it has a separate trolley etc. For heavy loads (44) the separate trolleys can be joined together.
Patent FR-2417473-A1 (FR)
Title: Procede d'extraction et de separation du gadolinium et du gallium
IPC: C22B59/00
Filed: 1979-02-15
Abstract: Procédé d'extraction et de séparation du gadolinium et du gallium, à partir de substances contenant essentiellement ces éléments sous forme d'oxydes ou transformables en oxydes. Ce procédé comprend les opérations suivantes : broyage très fin de la substance de départ, dissolution dans un acide minéral fort, purification de la solution, précipitation du gadolinium comme oxalate et séparation du gallium à l'état métallique, par électrolyse. Un tel procédé convient particulièrement pour la récupération et le recyclage de ces éléments à partir de déchets de fabrication du grenat de gadolinium et de gallium.
Patent FR-2420403-A1 (FR)
Title: Dispositif de commande d'une machine de copiage
IPC: B23Q35/121
Filed: 1979-03-22
Abstract: L'invention concerne les machines-outils. Outre les éléments classiques, un dispositif de commande de copiage comprend un circuit intégrateur INT qui intègre le signal de différence entre le déplacement résultant epsilon , et un signal de référence epsilon 0 . Un additionneur AD1 fait la somme du signal de différence et du signal de sortie du circuit intégrateur, et il applique le signal de somme à circuit distributeur DC, par l'intermédiaire de générateurs de fonction respectifs ARN et ART. Application aux machines de copiage.
Patent FR-2423429-A1 (FR)
Title: Dispositif pour la fixation de porte-charges sur wagons de marchandises
IPC: B60P7/13
Filed: 1979-04-13
Abstract: a. Dispositif pour la fixation de porte-charges sur wagons de marchandises. b. Le wagon de marchandises est pourvu au moins d'un plongeur de verrouillage qui est déplacé par le camion vers sa position inopérante à l'aide de moyens pousseurs prévus à l'arrière du camion. Les moyens pousseurs sont capables d'agir à l'encontre de moyens à ressorts et, lorsque cesse l'action des moyens pousseurs sur le plongeur par suite de l'éloignement du camion, le plongeur est poussé dans le sens longitudinal du wagon par les moyens à ressorts, de sorte que le plongeur retienne le conteneur en place sur le wagon.
Patent FR-2455352-A1 (FR)
Title: Multiple switch with triangular mobile contact - whose apex can contact simultaneously at most two fixed contacts and whose base can contact simultaneously more than two
IPC: H01H19/58
Filed: 1979-04-23
Abstract: A multiple switch for lighting one or several lamps or groups of lamps comprises a housing (12) contg. a rotatable contact (AB) and an array of fixed contacts (1-6) arranged in an arc about the rotary axis of the mobile contact. The latter carries a knob (8) by which it can be rotated and is triangular, the apex being squared to form a rectangle which contacts one or at most two of the fixed contacts at a time. The triangular base is arcuate and of sufficient length to cover all of the fixed contacts if rotated into position. A fixed contact (7) close to the rotary axis is permanently in contact with the mobile contact and is connected to a supply voltage, each of the contacts of the fixed contact array being connected to a lamp or group of lamps. The mobile contact has a 360 deg. rotation.
Patent FR-2454718-A1 (FR)
Title: Manual charger for small batteries - uses manually wound spring energy source to drive DC generator connected through Zener diodes and rectifier to batteries
Inventor: ZINOPOULOS JEAN
IPC: H02J7/32
Filed: 1979-04-18
Abstract: The mechanism allows small batteries to be recharged manually if the normal electrical supply is unavailable. The mechanism can be built into the battery assembly and consists of a DC generator (1) driven through a multiplying gear chain (3) from a spring energy source (4) wound up in the first place by the user with a key (5). The generator output is limited to a Zener diode circuit (8) discharge back through the generator being prevented by reversed diodes (2) one in each line to the battery (7).
Patent FR-2458459-A1 (FR)
Title: Dispositif d'accouplement mecanique et electrique pour charges, notamment militaires
Inventor: ROUGET JEAN-PIERRE
IPC: B64D1/06
Filed: 1979-06-07
Abstract: L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN DISPOSITIF D'ACCOUPLEMENT MECANIQUE ET ELECTRIQUE POUR CHAGES, NOTAMMENT MILITAIRES. UN TEL ACCOUPLEMENT EST CONSTITUE PAR LA COMBINAISON DE MOYENS D'ACCROCHAGE, DE CALAGE ET DE LIAISON ELECTRIQUE AGENCES DE TELLE SORTE QUE LE VERROUILLAGE DES MOYENS D'ACCROCHAGE ENTRAINE SIMULTANEMENT ET AUTOMATIQUEMENT SANS QU'IL SOIT BESOIN DE FAIRE APPEL A DES OPERATIONS DE REGLAGE, LE CALAGE DANS TOUTES LES POSITIONS DE LA CHARGE PORTEE PAR RAPPORT A LA CHARGE PORTEUSE AINSI QUE LEUR LIAISON ELECTRIQUE. UNE PLURALITE DE CHARGES PEUVENT AINSI ETRE RENDUES SOLIDAIRES LES UNES DES AUTRES EN VUE DE LEUR EMPORT SOUS UN AERONEF ET ETRE ENSUITE EJECTEES UNE PAR UNE EN COMMENCANT PAR CELLE QUI EST LA PLUS ELOIGNEE DE CET AERONEF. L'INVENTION S'APPLIQUE AU LARGAGE DE PROJECTILES EN CHAPELET.
Patent FR-2429025-A1 (FR)
Title: Dispositif reglable sensible a l'acceleration d'un vehicule
Inventor: LABEUR LUCAS
IPC: B60R22/40
Filed: 1979-06-14
Abstract: Dispositif réglable sensible à l'accélération d'un véhicule Le dispositif de la présente invention comporte un élément de support 3, 4, 5 constitué par deux parties 3 et 4, 5 dont la position relative peut être modifiée. La partie fixe 3 est raccordée au boîtier de l'enrouleur de ceinture, tandis que la partie mobile 4, 5 est munie d'un anneau 6 pour recevoir la bille d'inertie 7. Sous l'effet d'une accélération supérieure à une accélération prédéterminée, la bille d'inertie 7 quitte son siège formé par le bord de cratère 6 et agit sur un cliquet de verrouillage 8. Application à un enrouleur de ceinture de sécurité susceptible d'être assujetti selon un angle d'inclinaison quelconque à l'intérieur d'un véhicule.
Patent FR-2460119-A1 (FR)
Title: Changing the colouring of hard and gem stones - using high energy level rapid neutrons and gamma particles
Inventor: SAMOILOVICH MIKHAIL ISAAKOVICH
IPC: G21H5/00
Filed: 1979-06-29
Abstract: Gem stones are treated in a reactor by neutrons and the gamma-particles accompanying them. Rapid neutrons having an energy of >=0.5 MeV are applied in integral doses of 5 x 1015 to 1 x 1018 neutrons/cm2, together with gamma-particles in integral doses of 5 x 106- 1 x 109 R at 300 degrees C. In the process, thermal neutrons with an energy 0.5 MeV are filtered out by foils of Cd, and colours are obtd. which are highly valued in the jewellery trade. The colours are resistant to UV light, and the induced radioactivity approaches the base level very quickly.
Patent FR-2460902-A1 (FR)
Inventor: LAMBERT BERNARD
IPC: E01C7/35
Filed: 1979-07-10
Abstract: 1. Construction materials comprising from 94 to 97 % by weight of mineral aggregats and from 3 to 6 % by weight of polymer, characterized in that said polymer comprises at least 50 % by weight of an ethylene polymer having a molecular weight between 12,000 and 50,000, a density between 0.90 and 0.93 g/cm**3 and a viscosity in the molten state greater than or equal to 34 Pa.s, in admixture with another thermoplastic polymer when said ethylene polymer ist not used alone.
Patent FR-2461681-A1 (FR)
Title: Extn. of uranium from wet process phosphoric acid - washes organic uranium phase with aq. sulphuric acid to give uranium with a low iron content
Inventor: FORAISON DOMINIQUE
IPC: C01G43/00
Filed: 1979-07-20
Abstract: Extn. of uranium (VI) from impure phosphoric acid comprises: (a) a first cycle to extract impure acid with an organic phase contg. a dialkylphosphoric acid and trialkylphosphine oxide in inert dilute diluent followed by phase sepn.; treating U-charged organic phase with an aq. soln. of phosphoric acid contg. Fe (II) ions; to extract the uranium (IV) into aq. phase, followed by phase sepn. of the phases; (c) recycling of exhausted organic phase to extract the impure acid and (d) in a second cycle oxidn. of aq. phase; (e) extn. of this oxidised aq. phase with a second extn. medium contg. inert diluent, a dialkylphosphoric acid and opt. synergistic extn. agent, chosen from trialkylphosphine oxides, dibutyl-butyl- phosphonate and trialkylphosphates, followed by phase sepn. to give aq. phase exhausted of uranium and U-charged organic phase, (f) washing the organic phase with water, recovery of the uranium and recycling of organic extractive phase. An improvement is that prior to the washing of the second uranium contg. extractive phase with water in (f), it is treated with aq. sulphuric acid soln, which is free of iron; this solution is obtd. by diluting iron-free concd. sulphuric acid with the aq. soln. obtd. from the water washing-stage (f) to give a 25-60%, pref. about 45% sulphuric acid soln.. After treatment with the sulphuric acid solution uranium is recovered with a Fe/U wt. ratio of less than 0.5%, pref. less than 0.2%.
Patent FR-2462755-A1 (FR)
Title: Dispositif de visualisation a cristal liquide, et terminal telephonique comportant un tel dispositif
Inventor: HARENG MICHEL
IPC: G09F9/30
Filed: 1979-07-27
Abstract: L'INVENTION CONCERNE LES DISPOSITIFS DE VISUALISATION A CRISTAL LIQUIDE PERMETTANT UNE OBSERVATION VISUELLE DIRECTE. ELLE CONSISTE DANS UN DISPOSITIF CONNU A CHOISIR LE MATERIAU SUPPORTANT UN ENSEMBLE D'ELECTRODES CHAUFFANTES DE MANIERE A PERMETTRE UNE DISSIPATION THERMIQUE SUFFISAMMENT FAIBLE POUR LIMITER LA PUISSANCE D'ALIMENTATION DU DISPOSITIF TOUT EN GARDANT UNE VITESSE D'INSCRIPTION SUFFISANTE; LA FORME DES ELECTRODES EST ADAPTEE AUX DIMENSIONS DU DISPOSITIF ET A LA RESISTANCE NECESSAIRE POUR CETTE PUISSANCE D'ALIMENTATION. ELLE PERMET DE REALISER DES DISPOSITIFS DE VISUALISATION INTEGRES DANS UN TERMINAL TELEPHONIQUE.
Patent FR-2434272-A1 (FR)
Title: Bloc cylindres en alliage leger moule sous pression
IPC: F02F1/10
Filed: 1979-08-21
Abstract: L'invention concerne un bloc cylindres avec une partie supérieure, s'y raccordant, du carter moteur, en alliage léger moulé sous pression, pour un moteur à combustion interne sur lequel est prévue, entre les cylindres et les cloisons extérieures du bloc cylindres, une chambre d'eau destinée au refroidissement. Il est caractérisé par le fait que la chambre d'eau 3 est, abstraction faite des passages d'eau indispensables, fermée au niveau de la culasse à fixer sur le bloc cylindres 1, cette chambre d'eau ayant par ailleurs, à l'extrémité inférieure des cylindres 4, côté carter moteur, été laissée ouverte lors du moulage, un élément d'étanchéité étant prévu pour obturer après la coulée cette ouverture de la chambre d'eau. Application à tous moteurs à combustion interne
Patent FR-2464551-A1 (FR)
Title: Electromagnetic control valve for gas filled circuit breaker - uses magnetic field induced by arc current to position rotating disc to prevent arc extinction at current peaks
Inventor: MIRCOVICH JEAN-LOUIS
IPC: H01H33/70
Filed: 1979-08-28
Abstract: The electromagnetic valve uses a spring loaded rotating disc to vary the pressure of the sulphur hexafluoride dielectric gas according to the magnitude of the arc current. When the arc current has fallen below a set level the disc (52) is held by springs so that holes (54) in it are positioned to allow gas to pass through holes (34) in a piston (30) attached to a moving contact (14), so when the breaker is operated gas is forced through into an arc chamber as the piston moves downwards towards a fixed wall (22). The arc is drawn between co-axial hollow contacts one fixed (12) and the other (14) moving away along the axis line. When the arc current is high the magnetic circuit (42) surrounding the moving contact has sufficient flux in it to attract the ferromagnets (50) mounted on the disc, causing it to rotate and block attempts to blow out the arc near the current peaks.
Patent FR-2437443-A1 (FR)
Title: Simultaneous determn. of several analytes by enzymatic analysis - using at least two enzyme electrodes
IPC: C12M1/40
Filed: 1979-09-26
Abstract: Simultaneous determn. of several components in a sample by enzymatic analysis, is effected using >=2 enzyme electrodes in contact with the test liq., each contg. >=1 enzyme components immobilised in a carrier. The carrier for the immobilised enzymes can be an aminated polyacrylonitrile membrane, an eggshell membrane or a polycarbonate, fibroin or collagen membrane. The enzymes can be immobilised by adsorption, by covalent bonding, or by incorporation in a photo-curable prepolymer. The electrodes can be O2 or H2O2 electrodes. Process is esp. useful for determn. of lipids (neutral lipids, free and combined cholesterol and phospholipids) in serum samples, giving results in good agreement with those obtd. by the Iatron (correlation coefft.
Patent FR-2439210-A1 (FR)
Title: Procede de preparation d'un copolymere ethylene-propylene par polymerisation en phase vapeur
IPC: C08F4/00
Filed: 1979-10-17
Abstract: L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE POUR PREPARER UN COPOLYMERE ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE AYANT UN INDICE DE FUSION DE 0,01 A 10 ET UNE DENSITE DE 0,910 A 0,945. SELON L'INVENTION ON COPOLYMERISE DE L'ETHYLENE AVEC 6 A 100MOLES DE PROPYLENE EN PHASE VAPEUR SENSIBLEMENT EXEMPTE DE SOLVANT ET EN PRESENCE D'UN CATALYSEUR CONSISTANT EN UNE SUBSTANCE SOLIDE ET UN COMPOSE D'ORGANO-ALUMINIUM, LADITE SUBSTANCE SOLIDE CONTENANT UN COMPOSE SOLIDE INORGANIQUE CONTENANT DU MAGNESIUM ET UN COMPOSE DE TITANE ETOU UN COMPOSE DE VANADIUM.
Patent FR-2468137-A1 (FR)
Title: Lens for photographic camera - has convex and flat faces with central concave zone to give hazy periphery on print
IPC: G02B13/20
Filed: 1979-10-22
Abstract: The photographic lens has a clear central region and a soft or hazy outer region, the difference between them being less accentated. One face is convex, and the other face is flat, except the central region which has a concave external surface. The lense has a characteristic between +0.05; -0.05 and infinity. The diameter of the centre is between 1 and 59 mm. For a thin lens, a couple of curvature near to 1 is used, and for a thick lens, the couple is near to 10. The colour and the glass index can be selected form a range, as can the material used.
Patent FR-2448651-A1 (FR)
Title: Servomoteur pneumatique destine notamment au verrouillage des portieres d'un vehicule automobile
IPC: F16J3/06
Filed: 1979-11-20
Abstract: SERVOMOTEUR PNEUMATIQUE A MEMBRANE. LA MEMBRANE A LA FORME D'UN ANNEAU ALLONGE ET SES GRANDS COTES SONT RENFORCES ET PLUS EPAIS QUE SES PETITS COTES. APPLICATION NOTAMMENT AU VERROUILLAGE DES PORTIERES D'AUTOMOBILES.
Patent FR-2448837-A1 (FR)
Title: Printed circuit board - using electrically insulating substrate coated with conductor paths made of nickel, and esp. of synthetic resin filled with nickel powder
IPC: H05K1/16
Filed: 1980-01-10
Abstract: The conductor paths pref. consist of synthetic resin filled with nickel powder; and the paths are pref. covered with a layer, 3-5 mu m, thick, of either Ni or Cu. The layer is pref. deposited by electroless- or electroplating. The grain size of the Ni powder used in the conductor paths is pref. 3-5 mu m, whereas the synthetic resin used in these paths is pref. a mixt. of phenolic resin and epoxy resin. Similar conventional printed circuit boards use conductor paths made of silver, but the silver migrates across the substrates to form short circuits between the paths. The invention uses Ni instead of Ag to eliminate such short circuits.
Patent FR-2472949-A1 (FR)
Title: Vibration damper for vehicle windscreen - has two tubular parts with spring connection adjustable for length and strength
IPC: F16F7/00
Filed: 1980-01-07
Abstract: The damper is for vibrations of a vehicle windscreen. It has a method of length adjustment and a flexible part which lessens vibration amplitudes. These two items are joined to a central core of two tubular parts connected to a joint with threaded ends. These ends screw into threaded parts in the tubular parts. In these, are a piston head in the retractable flexible head. The head presses against a spring giving flexibility. The threaded piston head screwed into the tube has a rod, giving length adjustment.