baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-228863-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of malonic acid esters
IPC: C07C69/38
Filed: 1924-11-18
Abstract: Malonic acid esters, both simple and compound, are prepared by rapidly heating the corresponding oxalylacetic esters to a temperature of 250-350 DEG  C., carbon monoxide being split off. Alternatively, the vapour of the malonic acid esters are heated under reduced pressure at the said temperature.  In either case, a porous material may be present.  According to the examples, ethyl malonate is obtained by running ethyl oxalylacetate down a vertical tube filled with coke heated to 310 DEG  C. or by passing the vapour rapidly through a tube containing pumice heated to 305 DEG  C., and condensing the product.  As starting material ethylmethyl or ethyl-n-butyl oxalylacetate may also be employed, when ethylmethyl or ethyl-n-butyl malonate respectively is obtained.  Ethylmethyl or ethyl-n-butyl oxalylacetate is prepared by condensing ethyl oxalate with methyl or n-butyl acetate respectively.
Patent GB-779105-A (GB)
Title: Amide compounds and method for obtaining the same
IPC: C07D213/36
Filed: 1955-09-28
Abstract: The invention comprises dihalo-N-hydroxyethyl - N - pyridylmethylacetamides of the general formula <FORM:0779105/IV(b)/1> (wherein X represents chlorine or bromine) and their acid addition salts, and the production thereof by reacting a pyridylmethylamino-ethanol of the formula <FORM:0779105/IV(b)/2> with a dichloracetylating or dibromoacetylating agent (e.g. an ester or halide or the anhydride of dichloro- or dibromo-acetic acid, or chloral cyanhydrin, or chloral or chloral hydrate and an alkali or alkaline-earth metal cyanide) under mild acylating conditions, and, if desired, reacting the product with an acid to produce a salt.  In examples: (1) b -(g -pyridylmethylamino)-ethanol is stirred with methyl dichloroacetate in ethylene dichloride to produce 2 : 2-dichloro - N - (b  - hydroxyethyl) - N - (g  - pyridylmethyl) - acetamide, which is converted to its hydrochloride by saturating a chloroform solution of the base with HCl, and into its sulphate by adding conc. H2SO4 to a similar solution; (2) 2 : 2-dichloro-N-(b -hydroxyethyl)-N-(b -pyridylmethyl)-acetamide and its hydrochloride are similarly prepared, starting from b  - (b  - pyridylmethylamino) - ethanol; (3) b -(g -pyridylmethylamino)-ethanol is allowed to stand with dichloroacetyl chloride in acetone and pyridine; (4) the same starting material is refluxed with chloral hydrate, sodium cyanide and calcium carbonate in water; (5) the same starting material is refluxed with methyl dibromoacetate in ethanol to produce 2 : 2-dibromo - N - (b  - hydroxyethyl) - N - (g  - pyridylmethyl)-acetamide, which is converted into a hydrochloride as in (1); the corresponding b -pyridyl compound is similarly prepared; (6) b -(a -pyridylmethylamino)-ethanol is reacted as in (1) to produce 2 : 2-dichloro-N-(b -hydroxyethyl)-N - (a  - pyridylmethyl) - acetamide; (7) b  - (g  - pyridylmethylamino)-ethanol is warmed with dichloroacetic anhydride in dimethylformamide.  Other salts specified are hydrobromides, phosphates, oxalates, sulphamates, sulphonates, acetates, lactates, tartrates, gluconates, 2 : 21-dihydroxy - 1 : 11 - dinaphthylmethane - 3 : 31-dicarboxylates, citrates, salicylates, benzoates and naphthoates.  Starting materials.  b  - (g -, b - and a -pyridylmethylamino)-ethanol are prepared by refluxing ethanolamine with pyridine-4-, -3- or -2-aldehyde in benzene, and hydrogenating the resulting Shiff's bases in alcohol in the presence of a palladium-charcoal catalyst.
Patent GB-479743-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in fluid-sealing devices for shafts, bearings and the like
IPC: F16C33/74
Filed: 1937-10-13
Abstract: 479,743. Stuffing-box packing. ANGUS & CO., Ltd., G. (Freudenberg, H.) Oct. 13, 1937, No. 27833. [Class 122 (v)] Relates to packings for relatively moving parts of the type in which a member a having a flexible packing lip b is a press fit in the machine casing d or on the shaft c, the lip b in the latter case being on the outer periphery of the packing member. The invention consists in making the press fit flange f of approximately the same thickness as the rest of the packing member, the necessary stiffness being imparted by a metal ring g in a recess in the flange. The packing lip may be acted on by a garter spring e. The ring g may be formed with a radial flange supporting the radial flange of the member a, or as shown, with a flange g<1> for retaining the garter spring e. In a modification, Fig. 4, the ring g is embedded in the flange f and is formed with radial and axial extensions g<1>, g<2> supporting the packing a. The packing may be made of synthetic rubber.
Patent GB-885531-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of amides
IPC: C07D201/04
Filed: 1959-08-14
Abstract: Amides are prepared by bringing an oxime in the vapour phase, in contact with an acid-reacting catalyst in the form of a liquid film. Such film may be maintained by the downward flow of a continuous stream of catalyst over an inert support. Acid-reacting catalysts are for example, polyphosphoric acid, silico-molybdic acid, molybdic acid, sodium hydrogen sulphate and Friedel-Crafts catalysts.  The oxime vapour may be diluted with inert gases and may also be admixed with a polymerization inhibitor.  Suitable starting materials are dialkyl ketoximes, diaryl ketoximes, alkylaryl ketoximes, alkyl aldoximes and aryl aldoximes, which yield linear amides, and cycloalkanone oximes, which yield lactams, e.g. epsilon-caprolactam.
Patent GB-1247263-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to viscometers
Inventor: JOHNSON JAMES STEWART
IPC: G01N11/14
Filed: 1969-06-02
Abstract: 1, 247, 263. Viscometers. ROSE MOUNT ENG. CO. Ltd. May 13, 1970 [June 2, 1969], No.27855/69. Heading G1S. A viscometer comprises, a fixed member 10 which may have flow straightening vanes and through which flows the liquid to be tested, two members 11, 12 driven at the same speed by a motor, torsionally resilient filaments 13, 16 rotating members 14, 15 of the same shape but different length, and a suspension member 17 of negligible torsional stiffness. The difference in the viscous drags on the two members 14, 15 depends only on their difference in length, so that datum marks 18, 19 sensed by detectors 20, 21 give output signals to a timing unit 22 which provides an output proportional to the time difference between the two marks which may be used to indicate viscosity.
Patent GB-654329-A (GB)
Title: Method for the drying of rubber sheets
IPC: B29B13/06
Filed: 1946-09-30
Abstract: 654,329. Drying rubber. BOKMA, F. T., and CENTRALE VEREENIGING TOT BEHEER VAN PROEFSTATIONS VOOR DE OVERJARIGE CULTURES IN INDONESIE. Sept. 30, 1946, No. 27888/49. Divided out of 654,297. Drawings to Specification. [Class 34(ii)] Smoked rubber sheets are dried in two stages in the first of which drying is brought about quickly by conducting a large quantity of air at a high temperature through a drying shed in which the sheets are hung and in the second of which stages further drying is carried out at a slower rate by conducting a smaller quantity of air at a lower temperature through the drying shed. The apparatus shown is that described and claimed in Specification 654,297 for use in the smoking and drying method of that Specification. Specification 204,400, [Class 34(ii)], also is referred to.
Patent GB-1504820-A (GB)
Title: Gas turbine engines
IPC: F01D5/02
Filed: 1976-07-06
Abstract: 1504820 Shafts SOCIETE NATIONALE D'ETUDE ET DE CONSTRUCTION DE MOTEURS D'AVIATION 6 July 1976 [9 July 1975] 27987/76 Heading F2U A gas turbine engine has its compressor rotor 1 and turbine rotor 2 connected together by a main coupling 5 and a safety coupling 70, the main coupling connecting the rotors both in rotation and axial tension while the safety coupling both prevents relative axial movement and permits relative rotation of the rotors in the event of failure of the main coupling. As shown, the L.P. compressor rotor 1 and L.P. driving turbine rotor 2 of the engine are connected by a main coupling consisting of three hollow shafts 51, 52 and 59 interconnected by splines 53, 60 and 61 and carried in tension in bearings 15, 16. In the event of failure of the main coupling in the critical zone Z the safety coupling consisting of a rod 71 comes into operation. The rod is held in tension by nuts 76, (78) and is free to rotate in bearings 74, (77) and 82, a resilient washer 75 being interposed between the forward nut and bearing. In a modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), the after nut is replaced by an externally screwthreaded sleeve (80) which presses a collar (715) on the rod against a low friction ring (79), the axial tension in this case being applied by the forward nut. A tachometer 17 sensitive to over-run serves to shut fuel valve 18.
Patent GB-917079-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to liquid detergent and process for making same
IPC: C11D3/22
Filed: 1960-08-12
Abstract: Aqueous detergent compositions contain a degraded water-soluble p carboxyalkyl cellulose which has a viscosity of not more than 5,000 cps., and preferably not more than 1,000 cps., in a 20% aqueous solution at 25 DEG C., suitably in amounts of 0,5-1,5%, and preferably more than 1%, by weight of the composition.  The carboxyalkyl cellulose is generally carboxymethyl cellulose, but carboxyalkyl alkyl celluloses, e.g. carboxymethyl ethyl cellulose, and carboxyalkyl hydroxyalkyl celluloses, e.g. carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose may also be used; the carboxyalkyl cellulose may be used in the free acid form or as the alkali metal or ammonium salts.  Suitable compositions contain triethanolamine dodecylbenzene sulphonate, sodium xylene sulphonate, potassium silicate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, potassium hydroxide (to control pH), and alizarine Sapphire AR dye.  Specification 767,924 is referred to.ALSO:Degraded carboxymethyl cellulose having a viscosity in a 20% aqueous solution at 25 DEG C. of not more than 5,000 cps., and especially suitable for incorporation in aqueous detergent compositions (see Group III), is made by slurrying the carboxymethyl cellulose with isopropanol and 12% hydrogen peroxide, adding sodium hydroxide to a pH of more than 11, and heating the mixture to 60 DEG -70 DEG C. for about 15 minutes. Specification 767,924 is referred to.
Patent GB-931944-A (GB)
Title: Acyloxy vat dyestuffs and process for their manufacture
IPC: C09B7/00
Filed: 1961-08-02
Abstract: The invention comprises vat dyes which contain an external hydroxyl group, that is a hydroxyl group which is bound through a bridge to a ring forming part of the nucleus of a vattable ring system, esterified by an organic acyl residue derived from a carboxylic or sulphonic acid and which acyl residue contains at least one sulphonic acid group.  The dyes are made by acylation of a vat dye containing at least one suitable hydroxyl group with an appropriate acylating agent, halides being specified.  Vat dyes specified are those of the anthraquinone, perylene tetracarboxylic acid diimide, naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid diimide, pyrene-quinone, indigo, thio indigo or cobalt phthalocyanine series.  Examples illustrate dyes of the isodibenzanthrone, dibenzanthrone, acedianthrone, dianthraquinonylamino triazine, di(benzoylamino)-anthraquinone and perylene tetra-carboxylic acid diarylimide series.  Acyl residues specified are derived from mono- or disulpho benzoic acids, benzene disulphonic acids, sulphofuroic acid, sulpho-thiophene carboxylic acid and sulpho-chloracetic acid.  Examples are given.  The dyes are generally water-soluble and may be vatted in alkaline hydrosulphite or even in glucose or sodium sulphide solutions at room temperature. They vat-dye and print natural and regenerated cellulose by the usual methods, the acyloxy groups being hydrolysed. Specifications 506,526, 512,512, 545,251, 607,956, 652,453, 859,283, 890,172 and 891,214 are referred to.
Patent GB-337404-A (GB)
IPC: C23C8/00
Filed: 1929-04-29
Abstract: 337,404. Krupp Akt.-Ges., F. May 25, 1928, [Convention date]. Divided on 312,349. Cementation.-Nitrogenized steel articles requiring high resistance to stresses produced by high pressure or impact are made from steel free from aluminium and containing 1-20 per cent of chromium, 0.25-3 per cent of carbon, 0.5-3 per cent of tungsten, and up to a total of 3 per cent of one or more of up to 1 per cent each of silicon, manganese, vanadium, and molybdenum, for example, one containing 12 per cent of chromium, 2 per cent of carbon, and 0.8 per cent of tungsten. The steels are nitrogenized at 450-620‹ C., preferably about 500‹ C. for about 70 hours. Specifications 9316/87; 6240/10, [Class 82 (i), Metals, Extracting &c.]; 11063/11, 174,580, 243,613; 254,762 and 272,182, [both in Class 82 (i), Metals, Extracting &c.], are referred to. According to the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) no upper limits are prescribed for any of the elements. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-779163-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of p-xylene
IPC: C07C1/26
Filed: 1954-10-01
Abstract: p-Xylene is produced by subjecting halogen derivatives of isobutane and/or isobutylene of the general formul  <FORM:0779163/IV(b)/1> wherein X represents halogen and Y represents halogen or hydrogen, to pyrolysis.  Preferred halides are 1-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1-brom-2-methyl - propane, 1 - chlor - 2 - methyl - pro - pene - 1, 3 - chlor - 2 - methylpropene - 1, 3-brom - 2 - methyl - propene - 1, 1.3 - dichloro-2-methyl propane and 1.3-dichloro-2-methyl-propene-1. The temperature may be 400-800 DEG  C. and is preferably 450-600 DEG C. and the treatment is preferably effected in tubes which may be charged with inert materials such as porcelain balls, quartz pieces or coke.  In addition, catalysts which facilitates the splitting off of hydrogen halide or the aromatization process such as silica gel, halide of copper, zinc, cadmium, bismuth, chromium, palladium or platinum in compact form or finely distributed on carriers.  The resulting p-xylene which is substantially free from isomers may be purified from unsaturates by treating with 88-96 per cent sulphuric acid and, if necessary, subsequent heating with bleaching earths.
Patent GB-188511-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in winces used in connection with bleaching machinery or for other purposes
IPC: D06B23/00
Filed: 1921-10-26
Abstract: 188,511. Taylor, L., Taylor, E., and Taylor, J. Oct. 26, 1921. Stop-motions. - Winces used for feeding or conducting cloth in connection with bleaching &c. are loosely mounted on the driving-shaft and are driven through a clutch, which is disconnected if the cloth is carried round with the wince. As shown, the wince a is loosely mounted on the driving-shaft c and has one part e of a dog-clutch normally in engagement with the other part d, which is fixed on the shaft. When the cloth begins to be carried round with the wince, it engages a cross-bar h of a frame loose on the shaft. The frame is then turned, and inclined teeth i on the frame are moved out of recesses j on the supporting-bracket m, thereby moving the frame and the wince against the action of a spring n and moving the clutch parts d, e out of engagement. The frame may be retained temporarily in the position for disengaging the clutch by means of shallow recesses o in the bracket m.
Patent GB-679647-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to circular saw-blades
IPC: B23D61/02
Filed: 1949-11-07
Abstract: 679,647. Circular saws. LENNARTZ, A. Nov. 7, 1949 [Aug. 11, 1949], No. 28424/49. Class 145 (ii). In a circular saw comprising toothed segments 2 mounted on a disc 1, a pin 8 is forced into approximately semicircular radial grooves 7 in the segments 2. The pin may be in the form of a longitudinally slotted sleeve
Patent GB-298534-A (GB)
Title: Needle for igniting the priming charge of ordnance shells
IPC: F41A19/13
Filed: 1928-10-04
Abstract: 298,534. Matter, O. Oct. 10, 1927, [Convention date]. Projectile fuzes.-A compressed heavy metal azide priming charge is used in combination with a tubular firing pin having its end cut parallel to the surface of the priming charge to spread the impact thereon and increase the speed of ignition. The striking end may further be sharpened to form a circular knife-edge.
Patent GB-436180-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to muffle and like furnaces
IPC: F27B5/04
Filed: 1934-10-09
Abstract: 436,180. Muffle furnaces. SPENCER, H. W., 4, Roehampton Close, Roehampton Lane, London, and DAVIS, L. S., 13, Silverdale Road, Bexley Heath, Kent. Oct. 9, 1934, No. 28907. [Class 51 (ii)] In a muffle furnace having its side walls and roof formed of refractory blocks 5, 6, suspended respectively from angle beams 4 and overhead girders 2, the muffle 16 itself is constituted by tiles 19 keyed into and sup ported by the blocks 5 6. Each tile 19 is formed with a pair of rearwardly extending wet portions 20 which, ir the case of the side wal tiles, have dovetailec heads 21, Fig. 3, engag ing in recesses in the blocks 5, while the web: 20 of the roof tiles are formed with heads 21<a>, 21b, of the shape shown in either Fig. 4 or Fig. 5, for engagement in recesses 6<a>, 6b in the suspended roof blocks 6. The webs 20 serve to form separate heating flues B communicating with compartments 14 below the muffle floor 15, adjacent compartments 14 being fired by oppositely directed burners 13. A modification is described in which the flues B are provided by the spaces within hollow tiles 19, each of the latter having a single headed web portion 20 for engagement in recesses in the wall and roof blocks 5, 6. The wall 5 and roof 6 are enclosed in an outer insulating housing 3 and the jacket A thus formed is supplied, as described in Specification 436,181, with air from a blower 10, the heated air being led therefrom through pipes 12 to the burners 13.
Patent GB-290497-A (GB)
Abstract: 290,497. TrÚfois, L. June 2, 1927, [Convention date]. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Closed solid-fuel stoves; grates.-In a stove in which fuel from a reservoir 6 falls continuously in a thin layer over a grate 5, some or all of the grate bars are capable of being rotated for removing cinders. In the stove shown, fixed bars 9 alternate with rotary bars 9<1> simultaneously operated through gear wheels 24 by a handle 25. The rotatable and, if desired, the fixed bars also, may be formed with cutting teeth 26. The bars may be connected for simultaneous operation by levers and links, instead of by gear wheels. The fire is visible through a mica front plate 3.
Patent GB-1514564-A (GB)
Title: Atomic beam apparatus
IPC: H03L7/26
Filed: 1975-10-02
Abstract: 1514564 Atomic resonance apparatus FREQUENCY & TIME SYSTEMS INC. 2 Oct 1975 [9 Oct 1974] 29054/77 Divided out of 1514563 Heading G6P The description is the same as that of the Parent Specification but the claims are directed to the A-magnet and ion pump.
Patent GB-722491-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hypodermic injection devices
IPC: A61M5/28
Filed: 1952-11-18
Abstract: 722,491. Hypodermic injection devices. LYONS, J. H. M. Sept. 3, 1953 [Nov. 18, 1952], No. 29124/52. Class 81 (2). A hypodermic injection device comprises a deformable sealed container charged with injection fluid and provided with a closed nipple and a needle mounting adaptor to be connected to said nipple for the attachment of a needle thereto, the needle mounting adaptor being provided with means for piercing the nipple. A deformable container 11 made of plastic material e.g. synthetic resin is provided with a closed neck 13 for the connection of a needle mounting adaptor 16. The adaptor 16 is provided with a piercer needle 19 for piercing a part of the neck 13 and a conical boss 20 for the reception of a hypodermic needle 24. Adaptor 16 and needles 24 are stored in a container 25 of surgical spirit. A screw cap 26 of the container 25 is provided with a depending rod 27 provided with brackets 28, 29 for supporting the adaptors 16 and needles 24 respectively in the container 25 when closed by the cap 26. A supply of injection containers and containers of adaptors and needles may be stored in a box.
Patent GB-1449166-A (GB)
Title: Containers
IPC: A01C1/00
Filed: 1973-06-19
Abstract: 1449166 Chitting potatoes A G BLACKBURN 30 April 1974 [19 June 1973] 29143/73 Heading A1E [Also in Division B8] A container, particularly for use in exposing seed potatoes for chitting, comprises a rectangular frame 10 with channels 11 to facilitate lifting with a fork-lift truck and an internal structure of welded mesh. Potatoes or other articles enter the container through an opening 18 and are stored in one of the compartments formed by the mesh. Welded mesh end members may be supplied or, if omitted, the container can be unloaded by tilting by means of a swivel attachment on the fork-lift truck. A single sheet of mesh may be used to form the left hand compartments and a second sheet forms the right hand compartments. Several containers may be connected together. In another construction (Fig. 3, not shown) the compartments are in the form of parallel vertical folds.
Patent GB-445580-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical signalling systems
IPC: H04Q1/446
Filed: 1934-10-12
Abstract: 445,580. Protective cut-out arrangements. AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., Strowger Works, and BOLSHAW, S., 5, Hillcrest Avenue, Huyton, both in Liverpool. Oct. 12, 1934, No. 29292. [Class 38 (v)] [See also Group XL] A relay in the anode circuit of a valve amplifier is operated by an impulse which breaks down a gas-discharge tube in the grid circuit of the valve and so produces a sudden change in the biassing potential. Fig. 1 shows the invention applied to an electric supply system of the kind described in Specification 434,952. When a short-circuit occurs, the rectified voltage derived from the current transformer CX rises whilst that derived from a potential transformer PX drops. This applies an abnormally high voltage across the Neon tube N, which " strikes," and so throws the grid of the valve V positive, thus operating a circuit-breaking relay R. Specification 441,881, [Group XXXVIII], is also referred to.