baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1305527-A (GB)
IPC: B23K26/08
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1305527 Scribing by laser beams QUANTRONIX CORP 19 April 1971 [30 April 1970] 10008/71 Heading B5E [Also in Divisions B3 and H1] Apparatus for scribing an object, such as a semi-conductor wafer 6, comprises means 7 for holding the object, a device 3 for producing a Q-switched pulsed laser beam 4 of sufficient energy to vaporize a portion of the object, means 5 for focusing the laser beam, drive means for effecting relative movement between the holding means and the focusing means to cause the laser beam to make a series of overlapping holes and thereby inscribe a continuous line on the surface of the object, and means for preventing globules of material ejected from the object by the laser beam from falling back upon the surface of the object or depositing on the focusing means. The object 6 may be a wafer on which are a plurality of semi-conductor devices arranged in a grid pattern and which are to be separated into individual dies. The wafer is mounted on a vacuum chuck 7 which can be rotated by a knob 8 to align the dies with the laser beam and can be moved by X and Y motors relative to the beam to effect the scribing between the dies. The beam 4 is reflected by prisms (62, 64, Fig. 3, not shown) from the laser device, which may be Neodymium doped Yttrium-Aluminium-Gamet solid state laser, through a focusing device 5 on to the wafer, the focusing device being part of a binocular microscope 2. The means for preventing molten globules of the material of the wafer falling back on the wafer and also from depositing on the surface of the focusing device 5 consists of a first shroud 71, Fig. 4, which surrounds the device 5 and tapers at its lower end to an aperture 72 through which the laser beam passes, the interior of the shroud being connected by inlets 73 to atmosphere. A second shroud 75 surrounds the first and has a larger aperture 76 than that of the first and is connected by conduits 77 to a vacuum source so that globules produced by the laser beam are entrained in the flow of air from shroud 71 and carried through annular passage 78 between the shrouds and through the conduits 77. In another embodiment, the globules are blown by a jet from a nozzle towards a pipe connected to a vacuum source. In a further embodiment, a plastic film 91, Fig. 6, which is transparent to the laser beam 4, is fed by rollers 92, 93, 94 over the surface of the wafer, the globules adhering to the film. The laser is operative in pulses so that the scribed line consists of a number of overlapping holes and the beam may be elongated in the direction of the line. The wavelength of the Nd:YAG laser is 1À06 microns and produces a focused spot of 1 mil. The laser is controlled by a Q-switch to produce pulses at a frequency of 2-5 KHZ.
Patent GB-748751-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to steam superheaters for locomotives
IPC: F22G7/06
Filed: 1950-04-24
Abstract: 748,751. Steam superheaters. SUPERHEATER CO., Ltd., and MELHUISH, H. July 24, 1951 [April 24, 1950], No. 10016/51. Class 123(3). A combined superheater header and regulator valve housing for a locomotive, Figs. 3, 4 and 5, comprises a valve housing 10 of fabricated wrought steel components having superposed chambers 4, 5 and 6, the housing also having a wrought steel steam inlet duct 8 welded to the chamber 4. A wrought steel longitudinally extending header chamber 3 is provided separate from the valve housing, together with sets 1 and 2 of finger chambers or pockets. The set 2 communicates through welded neckings 39 with chamber 3, and the other set communicates with the valve housing chamber 5 through neckings 38 welded to a duct 7. The header chamber is formed from portions of plate welded together, and the neckings 38, 39 may comprise steel tubes which are welded to the pockets and the respective chambers. Partitions 16, 17 of the valve housing support valve seatings, not shown, and valve piston guide cylinders 20 respectively. A necking 9 provides a steam inlet, and the heated elements, not shown, extend from the orifices 42 of the pockets 1 and 2 into the boiler flue tubes. The chamber 5 is shortened at one end to provide a chamber for a combined pilot and drifting valve, not shown, and an apertured partition plate 32, Fig. 5, and a lug 33 provide a seating and a guide respectively, for the valve. Alternatively, the.valve housing 10 is formed mainly of two horizontally disposed and spaced apart tubular members joined at the front and back by suitably apertured plates. Although the valves are shown on the saturated steam side of the superheater, they may be arranged on the superheated steam side. Specifications 296,513, 330,693, [both in Class 123(iii)], 351,088, [Group XXIX], 354,925, 382,642 and 683,828 are referred to.
Patent GB-186946-A (GB)
Title: High frequency duplex signalling system
IPC: H04B1/50
Filed: 1921-04-05
Abstract: 186,946. Western Electric Co., Ltd., (Western Electric Co., Inc.). April 5, 1921. Duplex signalling; thermionic amplifiers and detectors.-Relates to duplex high-frequency signalling systems, particularly applicable for wireless telephony, in which part of the energy of the outgoing oscillations is utilized to combine with the incoming oscillations to produce ultra-audible beat currents, which are subsequently rectified to give in a telephone both the outgoing and the incoming message. The invention comprises circuit arrangements in which a circuit tuned to the beat frequency is connected (1) in the plate circuit of a valve which amplifies the outgoing oscillations or (2) between the plate and filament of a generating valve connected to the aerial inductance. In the circuit shown in Fig. 1, the high-frequency source 2 and a microphone circuit 1 are coupled to the grid circuit of a valve 3, producing a modulated wave in its output circuit which is amplified in a valve 6 and is transferred to the aerial 7 through the tuned circuit A. The aerial inductance is shunted by a branch circuit 8 including a blocking-circuit B resonant to the outgoing frequency and a circuit or reactance 9 which is so adjusted that the aerial resonates also to the incoming frequency. The incoming oscillations combine with the outgoing oscillations in the circuit A, and owing to the rectifying action of the valve 6, beats will be produced in the circuit C, which is tuned to the difference between the outgoing and the incoming frequency. The difference frequency is beyond the audible limit, and the beat currents are modulated by both the incoming and outgoing signals, so that both are audible in the telephone 13 after rectification by the valve 12. The intensity of the two signals is approximately the same. In a modification shown in Fig. 3, an oscillation generating valve 15 is directly coupled to the aerial, and its output is modulated by connecting a valve 22 across the battery 18 and choke coil 19 by which the plate circuit of the oscillator is energized. The grid potential of the modulating valve 22 is controlled by a microphone 24. A circuit 20 in the plate supply circuit of the valve 15 is tuned to the difference frequency and is coupled to a similarly-tuned circuit D which may be connected through an amplifier 31, filter 32, and detector 12 to the telephone 13. The circuit 20 may be connected in series in the plate circuit of the valve 15, or it may be connected in the manner shown so that speech frequency currents are balanced as regards their effect on the circuit D. For this purpose a balancing reactance 29 is connected between the circuit 20 and earth to balance the circuit through the oscillator 15. A tuned shunt circuit may be connected between the plate and filament of the modulator 22 in order to short circuit currents of the difference frequency away from the valve 22.
Patent GB-885572-A (GB)
Title: Copolymers of formaldehyde and isocyanic acid
IPC: C08G2/00
Filed: 1960-03-22
Abstract: Copolymers of formaldehyde and isocyanic acid are prepared by polymerizing the mixture in an organic liquid solvent, either by adding the mixture to the solvent, preferably in the proportions 0,01 to 1,5 parts of isocyanic acid per part of formaldehyde, or by dissolving the acid in the solvent, adding a formaldehyde polymerization catalyst, agitating the solution and passing anhydrous monomeric formaldehyde into the atmosphere above the agitated solution.  Specified solvents are the dimethyl, diethyl and dipropyl formamides and acetamides, toluene, cyclohexane and heptane. Specified catalysts are aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, primary aromatic amines, tri-hydrocarbon phosphines, quaternary ammonium salts and quaternary phosphonium salts.  It is preferred to polymerize at -50 to + 30 DEG  C.
Patent GB-1371896-A (GB)
Title: Hydroxyaryl amino acids
IPC: C07C/
Filed: 1971-04-20
Abstract: 1371896 Substituted α(p-hydroxyphenyl)- glycine derivatives BEECHAM GROUP Ltd 13 Oct 1971 [15 Oct 1970 20 April 1971] 48948/70 and 10105/71 Heading C2C Compound of Formula II or salt or acryl derivatives thereof wherein R 1  is a hydrogen atom or a lower acyl group and R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are each a hydrogen or halogen atom, a hydroxyl, lower alkoxyl, lower alkyl or optionally esterified carboxylic acid group or R 3  and R 4  together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a carbocyclic ring with at least one of R 2 , R 3  and R 4  being a hydrogen atom, are prepared by reacting 1 molar proportion of glyoxylic acid or a compound hydrolysable thereto with at least 1À3 molar proportions of a compound of general formula (V) or a salt thereof and at least 1À5 molar proportions of ammonia and then optionally forming a free acid salt, N-acyl or O,N-diacyl derivative thereof by methods known per se. Compounds wherein R 1  is H and one or two of R 2 , R 3  and R 4  OH or CH 3  and the rest are H or R 3  and R 4  denote a fused aromatic ring and R 2  is H are novel compounds. ("Lower" denotes groups containing up to 6 C atoms).
Patent GB-956424-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to vehicle driving wheels
IPC: B60C11/20
Filed: 1962-03-16
Abstract: 956,424. Anti-skid tyre attachments; endless-tracks. A. MUNRO. May 14, 1962 [March 16, 1962], No. 10135/62. Headings B7C and B7H. An anti-skid tyre attachment comprises a flattened coiled spring 1 removably fitted, in a tensioned state, in a channel formed between ribs 4 at the shoulders of the tyre and extending circumferentially round the tread thereof with the axis of the spring in the mid-circumferential plane of the tyre, the ends of the spring being detachably secured together as by nuts and bolts 3. The spring may run round several wheels to form an endless-track, and may be made from wire of flat section, formed along its length with a corkscrew twist, or of circular section.
Patent GB-1523420-A (GB)
Title: Automatic remote control system for mercury cell
IPC: C25B1/36
Filed: 1977-03-10
Abstract: 1523420 Automatic control of electrolysis EUTECO SpA 10 March 1977 [11 March 1976] 10184/77 Heading G3N A sodium chloride mercury cell has a series of anode banks adjustable in height by motors in response to measurements of individual anode currents. A sub-station OS-3, located close to the cell itself, has a multi-plexer 30 receiving inputs from current sensors S-1...24 and other parameters S-47, 48. The sub-station is coupled by transmission loops 18, 20 to a master station MS-3 in a remote control room 14 housing a digital computer 36. Analog current signals are passed by an A-D converter 38 and encoder 40 to a serializer 42 which transmits information in successive bits to the station MS-3 which, under control of the computer 36, may energize relays R-1...6 to operate anode bank drive motors. The multi-plexer 30 is interrogated by a device 32 responsive to signals from the master station MS-3.
Patent GB-675204-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rotary displacement compressors
IPC: F04C29/00
Filed: 1949-04-14
Abstract: 675,204. Rotary compressors. LEYLAND MOTORS, Ltd., and MUELLER, A. April 14, 1950 [April 14, 1949], No. 10199/49. Class 110(ii) The bore d of the casing c of a rotary compressor is increased in radius over an arc g in advance of the delivery port f to allow flow back of air into a space h as it approaches the delivery port. The bore may also be increased before the suction opening. The object is to ensure smooth air flow to and from an interlobe space h and avoid noise and pulsation. Over the arc g the bore may be flat ur curved.
Patent GB-372901-A (GB)
Title: Improved rubber transmission belt and method of manufacturing the same
IPC: B29D29/10
Filed: 1931-04-07
Abstract: 372,901. Driving-belts. GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO., 1144, East Market Street, Akron, Ohio, U.S.A. April 7, 1931, No. 10244. Convention date, May 22, 1930. [Class 80 (i).] A driving belt of cord, rubber, and fabric for automobile fans &c. is built up of compression layers of bias-cut closely or loosely woven fabric 21, 22, preferably rubberized, and rubber 16, 18, 19, 20, covered by a single layer of tension cords 23 helically wound and by a final layer of rubber sheet 38. A rubberized woven fabric envelope 46, preferably bias-laid, is then wrapped around the belt and the whole is vulcanized. A layer of loosely wound fabric may be bias-laid between the rubber layer 20 and the closely woven fabric. The layers of fabric and rubber are laid upon a collapsable rotating drum 10 and covered by cord 23, which passes through a tank 24 of rubber cement and a drier 25 to a sliding guide 32. The layer of rubber sheet 38 is then added, and the complete assembly cut into narrow strips 45, rectangular in cross section, by a knife 39. The drum 10 is then collapsed and an endless strip 45 is placed upon rollers 42, 43, 44, Fig. 2, the rubberized fabric sheet 46 being folded thereabout to adhere thereto by rollers 48, 49 and folders 50, 51. The strip 45 is turned inside out before application to the rollers 42, 43, 44 so that pressure tending to spread the rubber is applied to the sheet 38 lying on the outside of the finished belt and no difficulty is found in fitting the completed belt in the V-shaped vulcanizing mould; alternatively, the belt layers may be assembled in reverse order on the drum 10.
Patent GB-794866-A (GB)
Title: Brakes having fluid pressure return means therein
IPC: F16D65/22
Filed: 1956-04-04
Abstract: 794,866. Fluid-pressure brakes. GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. April 4, 1956 [Aug. 23, 1955], No. 10262/56. Class 103 (1). In a " spot-type " disc brake a brake applying piston, operating under fluid pressure in a cylinder formed in a non-rotatable support, supports a brake lining pad and a second fluid pressure operated piston and cylinder arrangement is arranged on the support for retracting the brake lining pad; means being provided to connect the second piston to the first piston to simultaneously withdraw the first piston to a brake clearance position. In the embodiment illustrated, an axially movable brake disc 5 rotatable with a wheel 2 is frictionally engaged by a friction pad 8 carried by an hydraulicallyactuated brake piston 9 to move the brake disc into frictional contact with the brake lining 7 fixedly secured to the stationary brake housing 6: The cylinder 10 is closed by a cap 12 which is formed with an auxiliary cylinder 13 within which operates a control piston 14 secured to the brake piston 9 by means of screw 20. The cylinder 13 is charged with a supply of compressed gas, such as air, through conventional tyre valve 18 for returning the brake piston 9 to its inoperative position when the hydraulic pressure supplied through conduit 11 is cut off. A pressure relief valve means 24-28 is provided to bleed off excess air pressure built up or accumulated in auxiliary cylinder 13 as the brake linings wear and piston 14 is moved axially inwardly of the auxiliary cylinder 13. A screw 21 is provided in the head of control piston 14 to determine the released position of the piston 14 and hence the brake piston 9.
Patent GB-264045-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in cigarette making
IPC: A24C5/56
Filed: 1926-04-20
Abstract: 264,045. Walkey, W. R. April 20, 1926. Cigarettes are tipped with a non.inflammable cellulose varnish containing non-metallic filling material such as china clay or magnesium silicate. The varnish consists of cellulose acetate or nitrate dissolved in a medium such as amyl acetate, the finely-powdered filling material being stirred into the solution.
Patent GB-802806-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in nuclear reactor fuel elements
IPC: G21C3/16
Filed: 1956-08-23
Abstract: 802,806. Nuclear reactors. BABCOCK & WILCOX, Ltd. Aug. 23, 1956 [Aug. 26, 1955], No. 10366/58. Divided out of 802,805. Class 39(4). In a fuel element for a nuclear reactor comprising a sheath enclosing a body of fissile or fertile material, a series of external projections is provided on the outer surface of the sheath, the individual projections being spaced apart both longitudinally and circumferentially of the sheath ; the projections are preferably radial pins such as 12, Fig. 2, and serve to centralise the sheath in a cylindrical aperture in the moderator of the reactor. The sheath may be spaced from a bar 10 of fissile material by longitudinally spaced rings 13 of triangular cross-section, or by other means described in the parent Specification.
Patent GB-399815-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic switches for use in telephone or like systems
IPC: H01H67/16
Filed: 1932-04-11
Abstract: 399,815. Automatic exchange switches. AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., Strowger Works, and SAXBY, R. N., 36, Millersdale Road, Mossley Hill, both in Liverpool. April 11, 1932, No. 10367. [Class 40 (iv).] A bidirectional switch is restored, after rotary motion has taken place, by a single re-energization of the vertical magnet, the switch retracing its setting path. The switch is of the type described in Specification 391,123, in which rotary release is effected by re-energization of the vertical magnet. In this earlier Specification the vertical magnet lifts the rotary detent out of engagement with the rotary ratchet, but when the rotary normal position is'reached the switch is held by the vertical detent. In one embodiment of the present invention the vertical ratchet is hinged so that when 'the switch regains its rotary normal position the vertical ratchet is swung out of engagement with the vertical detent and the switch restores to normal, the final tooth on the vertical ratchet being deeply cut to enable the vertical ratchet and vertical detent to re-engage. Such an arrangement is shown in the Figures, in which Fig. 1 shows the normal position of the parts concerned, Fig. 2 an operated position and Fig. 3 the condition during vertical release. In the Figures the vertical detent 1 is adapted to engage the vertical ratchet 3 which is pivoted at 4 to the rotary hub 6. The hub carries the rotary ratchet 5 which is engaged by the rotary detent 2. Other embodiments described in the Specification comprise (i) the use of a vertical ratchet fixed to the rotary hub which cooperates with a detent having a hinged tip and (ii) a combined vertical and rotary holding detent which co-operates with a tripping extension to the vertical pawl, the extension being held out of the path of the vertical pawl during the vertical setting of the switch.
Patent GB-580143-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical hygrometers
IPC: G01N27/12
Filed: 1944-05-30
Abstract: 580,143. Hygrometers. SEGSWORTH, R. S., and LOW, A. R. May 30, 1944, No. 10410. [Class 97 (iii)] [Also in Group XXXVI] A direct reading electrical hygrometer for measuring the moisture content of the atmosphere comprises an obliquely supported, thin, broad filament 7 of electrically non-conducting material, e.g. a tape of felted or finely woven cellulosic material such as masking tape, handoperated means 13 for impressing a direct current surge voltage of known value on to the filament, and means calibrated in relative humidity values for measuring the resistance of the filament. As shown, the ends of the filament are coated with colloidal graphite and secured by spring metal clips 9, 3 to a metal bracket 1 at the bottom and to an insulating block 2 at the top. A number of such units may be selectively included in a single resistance measuring circuit. As shown in Fig. 2, the clips 9 are earthed and the clips 3 connected each one to one of the terminals of a selector switch 14. 15 is a micro-ammeter, 19 a standard resistance which may be brought into the circuit by a switch 20, 16 a calibrating resistance, and 18 a resistance provided as a safety measure against short-circuiting.
Patent GB-216500-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machines for producing addressed wrappers
IPC: B41L47/24
Filed: 1924-04-28
Abstract: 216,500. Adrema Maschinenbauges. May 24, 1923, [Convention date]. Wrappers.-A device A for forming wrappers is detachably fixed at one end of an addressing machine, and a device B for intermittently feeding forward and cutting off the addressed wrappers is permanently or detachably fixed at the other end. The wrapper forming device comprises a web-roll 34, guide rollers 35, 35<1>, a pasting device 38, a longitudinal folding plate 23 and pressing rollers 40, 41, the whole device being secured by a clamp 18 to the table 10 of the machine with the forward ends 19 of the clamping plate engaging in recesses 20. The roll 34 is supported in a frame 14 held by removable struts 17, but is adapted to be folded against the main frame 13 of the device, the' clamp 18 being also rotatable about a pivot 22 for the same purpose. The folding plate 23 is oscillatable about a vertical axis 26, but is held between grooved rollers 30 on levers 31 connected by a spring 32 so as to urge the plate into a central position. A finger 39 holds the web against the underside of the folding plate. The folded and addressed web, now in the form of a flattened tube, is fed forward to a camoperated guillotine 48 by feed rollers 44, 45, the roller 44 being intermittently rotated by a ratchet device 47.
Patent GB-689082-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to radio transmission systems
IPC: H04B1/30
Filed: 1951-05-04
Abstract: 689,082. Radio transmitting and receiving systems. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. May 4, 1951 [May 8, 1950], No. 10490/51. Class 40 (v). In a single side-band transmission with suppressed carrier, two pilot frequencies are employed as side-bands to enable the carrier to be restored at the receiver, the spacing between the suppressed carrier and the neighbouring pilot frequency being equal to or a small multiple of the spacing between the pilot frequencies. At the receiver, the pilot-frequencies are mixed to produce an oscillation which is mixed with one of the pilot frequencies to produce the carrier. Transmitter. Video signals, Fig. 1, applied at terminal 1 and radio frequency oscillations from generator 3 are fed to modulator 2 of the type in which the carrier is suppressed, one of the side-bands being removed by filter 4. The R.F. oscillations are also applied to a modulator 6 together with the second and third harmonics of a lower frequency oscillator 6. One set of side-bands is passed by filter 9 and added to the single side-band signal in amplifier 10. A further oscillator 12 is used to raise the frequency of the complete signal in mixer 11 to that required for feeding the aerial 14. Receiver. The signal from aerial 15, Fig. 2, is changed in frequency in mixer 17, supplied with local oscillations from generator 16. The output from the first I.F. amplifier 19 is fed to the second I.F. amplifier 21 and also to an amplifying valve 22 feeding a filter 23 which passes only the two pilot frequency side-bands. These are mixed by diode 26 to produce a difference frequency which when mixed with one of the pilot frequencies in the same diode reproduces the carrier frequency. After passing through the filter 27 and amplifier 28, the reconstituted carrier is fed to the second I.F. amplifier 21. The pilot frequency side-bands are rejected in filter 30 and after demodulation in stage 31 the video signal is applied to the cathode-ray tube 33. The reconstituted carrier may be applied to the input of the mixer 17.