baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-2019508814-A (JP)
Title: アプリケーション分類方法及び装置
IPC: G06F17/15
Filed: 2017-02-17
Abstract: 本願の実施形態は、アプリケーション分類方法及び装置を提供する。方法は、分類されるアプリケーション間の相関係数を計算することであって、分類されるアプリケーションは１つ又は複数の既知の分類システムに配置される、計算することと、相関係数に基づいて、分類されるアプリケーションのノード図を構築することと、ノード図を分割して、１つ又は複数の分類図を取得することとを含む。そのようにすることで、統合に向けて、現在既知の複数の分類システムの経験が完全に参照され、手動動作は必要ない。したがって、手動動作に起因して、又は運営人員が適切な判断をすることに失敗するリスクに起因して得られる主観的な分類結果を回避することができ、新しい包括的なアプリケーション分類システムを提供することができる。
Patent JP-2019504172-A (JP)
Title: ポリウレタンフォームおよびポリイソシアヌレートフォームのための反応性難燃剤
IPC: C08G18/28
Filed: 2016-11-10
Abstract: 本発明は、ウレタン系、特に、軟質ポリウレタンフォーム、硬質ポリウレタンフォーム、および硬質ポリイソシアヌレートフォームにおける非常に効率的な反応性難燃剤として機能する、新規の環状リン含有化合物、すなわち、ヒドロキシル官能性ホスホレン−１−オキシドを提供する。本発明はさらに、当該ヒドロキシル官能性ホスホレン−１−オキシドを含む、防火性ポリウレタン組成物を提供する。
Patent JP-2019510014-A (JP)
Title: 肥満の治療のためのグルカゴン及びｇｌｐ−１コアゴニスト
IPC: A61P3/04
Filed: 2017-03-10
Abstract: 患者の肥満及び糖尿病を予防及び治療する方法であって、ＧＬＰ−１／グルカゴンアゴニストペプチドを投与するステップを含む方法が本明細書に提供される。
Patent JP-2019513442-A (JP)
Title: 不規則形状の気道向けの気道弁
IPC: A61B17/24
Filed: 2017-01-31
Abstract: （ａ）（ｉ）複数のアンカーと、（ｉｉ）複数の支柱と、を有するフレームと、（ｂ）複数の支柱に結合しており、複数の支柱のそれぞれの間に広がる膜と、を備える弁であって、複数の支柱のそれぞれが自由状態及び負荷状態を有し、負荷状態において、膜は、負荷状態の複数の支柱のうちの２つ又は３つ以上の間で実質的に張り詰めており、自由状態において、膜は、負荷状態の複数の支柱のうちの２つ又は３つ以上の間で実質的に張り詰めている。
Patent JP-2019511402-A (JP)
Title: ランダムに分散された微小球の所定のパターンを主とする物品及びその製造方法
IPC: B32B7/023
Filed: 2017-03-29
Abstract: 本明細書には、微小球の単層を含む微小球層であって、微小球の単層が、微小球を実質的に含まない第１の領域と、複数のランダムに分散された微小球を含む第２の領域と、を含み、微小球の単層が所定のパターンを含み、所定のパターンが、（ｉ）複数の第１の領域と、（ｉｉ）複数の第２の領域と、（ｉｉｉ）これらの組み合わせと、のうちの少なくとも１つを含む、微小球層と、（ｂ）微小球層上に配置されたビーズ結合層であって、複数の微小球が、ビーズ結合層の第１主面に部分的に埋め込まれている、ビーズ結合層と、を有する物品であって、物品が、５．０カンデラ／ルクス／平方メートル未満の再帰反射性（Ｒａ）を有する、物品を、記載する。本明細書にはまた、転写キャリア、並びに物品及び転写キャリアの製造方法も開示する。
Patent JP-2019511896-A (JP)
Title: 熱可塑性加硫物組成物を含んでいる太陽電池モジュール裏面シート
IPC: H02S30/20
Filed: 2017-02-09
Abstract: 【解決手段】本明細書に提供されているのは、熱可塑性加硫物（ＴＰＶ）を含んでいるまたはそれから他様につくられた裏面シート、そのようなＴＰＶに基いた裏面シートを含んでいる太陽電池（ＰＶ）モジュール、ならびにＴＰＶ裏面シートおよびＰＶモジュールを形成する方法である。ＴＰＶに基いた裏面シートは、現行裏面シートよりも優れた格別の利点、たとえば増加した柔軟性、より大きい電気絶縁特性およびより望ましいバリア特性を提供する。いくつかの実施形態のＴＰＶに基いた裏面シートは、ＰＶモジュールに、特に、ＰＶモジュールがしばしば展開される、変化しかつ多くの場合に厳しい環境条件の下で、改善された耐久性を与える。いくつかの実施形態のＴＰＶに基いた裏面シートはまた、非平面の（たとえば、曲面状のおよび／またはヒンジで連結された）外形のような普通でないＰＶモジュールの外形の効率的な構築も可能にする。【選択図】なし
Patent JP-2019516631-A (JP)
Title: 蓋体を備えると共に底部に引出し容器が配備された煙草物品用の剛性箱体
IPC: B65D5/72
Filed: 2017-05-19
Abstract: 一群の煙草物品を囲繞する平行六面体形状である少なくとも１つの包装体と、内側容積空間が、包装体を収容する頂部チャンバ、及び、利用可能である底部チャンバに分割された剛性容器と、容器に対して枢着された剛性蓋体と、Ｕ字形状に折り曲げられると共に容器の内部に配置された剛性カラーと、底部チャンバの領域内に配置されると共にカップ形状を有する引出しであって、前記引出しが完全に容器の内側に配置される閉じ位置と、前記引出しが容器から部分的に引き出されると共に前記容器から外方に突出する開き位置と、の間における線形運動により、摺動開口を有する、引出しと、最大開き位置における容器からの引出しの外方移動を停止させる機能、すなわち、容器からの引出しの引き出し移動に対する最大限度を設定することにより引出しが容器から完全に引き出されることを阻止する機能を達成する限界停止デバイスとを有する、煙草物品用の剛性箱体。【選択図】図５
Patent JP-2019517526-A (JP)
Title: 伝染性気管支炎に対するワクチン
IPC: A61K47/26
Filed: 2017-05-31
Abstract: 伝染性気管支炎及びシチメンチョウ鼻気管炎に対する家禽ワクチンが提供されている。本ワクチンは、免疫刺激性オリゴヌクレオチドを含有する油エマルジョンでアジュバント化されている。ワクチンの使用方法も提供されている。【選択図】なし
Patent JP-2019519431-A (JP)
Title: ガス発生器
IPC: B60R21/264
Filed: 2017-06-28
Abstract: ディスク型火工式ガス発生器であって、− 拡散穴（１３）を有するハウジング（１０）と、− ハウジング（１０）内に配置された火工剤（２０）と、− ハウジング（１０）内に配置されたろ過手段（３０）と、− ハウジング（１０）内で火工剤（２０）とろ過手段（３０）との間に配置された閉じ込め手段（４０；４０’）と、− ハウジング（１０）内で火工剤（２０）と閉じ込め手段（４０；４０’）との間に配置されたドレイン手段（ｍｅａｎｓ ｏｆ ｄｒａｉｎａｇｅ）と、を含み、ろ過手段（３０）は、ガス発生器の動作の開始時に閉じ込め手段（４０；４０’）の支持される部分に支持を提供するために配置されることを特徴とする、ディスク型火工式ガス発生器。【選択図】図１
Patent JP-2019521047-A (JP)
Title: カートリッジ、コア、モールドおよびカートリッジの製造方法
IPC: B65D83/76
Filed: 2017-06-27
Abstract: 本発明は、分配する媒体のためのカートリッジであって、分配出口を有するヘッド部分（６、７）と、カートリッジ壁（４、５）を形成するフィルムとを有し、フィルムが、分配する媒体のためのカートリッジチャンバを取り囲み、カートリッジの長手方向に（軸方向延伸範囲に沿って）少なくとも部分的に延伸し、かつヘッド部分に接続される前端を有している、カートリッジに関し、フィルムは好ましくは、異なる材料から形成された少なくとも２つの層を有する多層フィルムであり、フィルムの前端は、カートリッジのヘッド部分に密封的にかつ外れないように埋め込まれ、それによって、フィルムの前端の端面がヘッド部分によって覆われ、特に完全に覆われる。本発明はさらに、コア、モールド、およびカートリッジを製造する方法に関する。
Patent JP-2019048240-A (JP)
Title: Apparatus and method for low-volume medicament delivery
Inventor: LIONEL VEDRINE
IPC: A61M5/34
Filed: 2019-01-04
Abstract: To provide an apparatus and a method for low-volume medicament delivery.SOLUTION: An apparatus according to the present invention may include a fitting for a fluid dispenser. The fitting may include: a detent that is configured to limit insertion of the dispenser into the fitting by contacting a terminal surface of the dispenser; and a seal for sealing against a surface. The apparatus may include an insertion part for the fitting. The insertion part may include a gasket to seal against the terminal surface of the dispenser; a proximal rim to engage a lateral wall of the dispenser; and a connector fixed to the gasket and the rim. The apparatus may include a coupler to engage a pre-filled dispenser; and a body defining a passageway that is configured to be placed in fluid communication with the dispenser. The apparatus may include a dispenser that includes a detent and a seal. The detent may limit insertion of the dispenser into a fitting.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Patent JP-2019087271-A (JP)
Title: Output control program, output control device, and output control method
Inventor: MIYAZAKI SORA
IPC: H04N21/439
Filed: 2019-01-08
Abstract: To provide an output control program, an output control device, and an output control method for adjusting output states of a plurality of content in a client terminal.SOLUTION: A control part 21 of a client terminal 20 is configured to, when reproducing markup language constituting a Web page acquired by a browser, specify main content and sub-content as for a plurality of image content to be output, and to, when the main content and the sub-content are simultaneously output, set an output condition for making the output method of the main content different form the output method of the sub-content, and to, when detecting an event in which the main content and the sub-content are simultaneously output in the markup language, change the output method of the main content and the output method of the sub-content on the basis of the output condition, and to, when the event ends, return the output method of the image content.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020111099-A (JP)
Title: Inspection method for pneumatic tire and inspection device for pneumatic tire
Inventor: HATANO ATSUYA
IPC: B60C19/00
Filed: 2019-01-09
Abstract: To accurately determine an arrangement position of a first tread rubber or of a second tread rubber to inspect whether the first tread rubber and the second tread rubber are at target arrangement positions, in a tread rubber member including the first tread rubber and the second tread rubber made of different rubber materials.SOLUTION: A pneumatic tire has a tread rubber member including a first tread rubber and a second tread rubber that is different in X-ray transmission from the first tread rubber and contacts the first tread rubber. When inspecting the pneumatic tire, a position at which the tread rubber member of the pneumatic tire is arranged is irradiated with X-rays to obtain an X-ray transmission image. Thereafter, the position where the first tread rubber is arranged or a position where the second tread rubber is arranged in the pneumatic tire is determined based on the X-ray transmission image to inspect the tread rubber member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020112648-A (JP)
Title: Controller, imaging device, control method of controller, control program of controller, and storage medium
Inventor: RYUZAKI AKIHIRO
IPC: G03B15/00
Filed: 2019-01-10
Abstract: To capture a sitll image at such a field angle that the size of a subject image fits within a prescribed range even live view display is delayed in zoom operation during continuous shooting.SOLUTION: A controller (114) for controlling an imaging device (100) capable of continuous imaging comprises: receive means (127) for receiving a signal from operation means (118) that indicates a change of zoom magnification; subject detection means (126) for detecting a subject image from the image obtained by the imaging device; and control means (124) for exercising zoom control in conjunction with a change of zoom magnification based on the received signal. The control means stops the zoom control when the zoom magnification is changed by operation of the operation means during continuous shooting and the size of the subject image exceeds a prescribed range.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7
Patent JP-2020110893-A (JP)
Title: Automatic grinding apparatus
Inventor: YOSHIDA YUTAKA
IPC: B24B49/08
Filed: 2019-01-16
Abstract: To provide an automatic grinding apparatus capable of automatically starting plane griding processing and end face grinding processing through an easy operation without any teaching operation etc., by an operator.SOLUTION: An automatic grinding apparatus has first detecting means 21 which detects positions of a work W in a cutting-in direction and a feeding direction; second detecting means 24 which detects the position of the work W in the feeding direction; third detecting means 25 which detects a position of a grindstone 10 in the cutting-in direction; and fourth detecting means 28 which detects a position of the grindstone 10 in the feeding direction. A control device 30 computes, based upon position information detected by the first detecting means 21, second detecting means 24, third detecting means 25, and fourth detecting means 28 before processing by the grindstone 10 starts, a range in which the grindstone 10 and support means 12 are relatively moved, and automatically starts the processing by the grindstone 10. Consequently, the burden on an operator is lightened and grinding processing with high precision and high efficient can be performed without any teaching operation.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Patent JP-2019055322-A (JP)
Title: Game machine
Inventor: HARA YUTA
IPC: A63F7/02
Filed: 2019-01-17
Abstract: To provide a game machine such as a pinball game machine (Pachinko game machine) and a turning game machine (slot machine) having a feature in display means.SOLUTION: A decorative symbol display device 208 can display a notice icon displayed in a display mode according to a type. The notice icon may be displayed as a pre-reading notice display. In a period from when a symbol variation display to be a pre-reading target is held to when the symbol variation display is completed, a plurality of notice icons may be displayed (stocked) in a notice icon display area 285. The decorative symbol display device 208 suggests that a feudal lord performance may be started and display of the notice icon may be started during the variation display of a decorative symbol.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 54
Patent JP-2020118642-A (JP)
Title: Force sensor
Inventor: TOMOMATSU YUKI
IPC: G01L1/14
Filed: 2019-01-28
Abstract: To provide a structure with which it is easy to thin down the thickness of a force sensor.SOLUTION: A plurality of first electrodes 13 respectively face a plurality of second electrodes 23 across an elastic part 16 in a lamination direction DRst, and the elastic part 16 electrically insulating between the plurality of first electrodes 13 and the plurality of second electrodes 23. An inter-member load acting between the members where a force sensor 10 is provided is detected on the basis of an electrical change between the plurality of first electrodes 13 and the plurality of second electrodes 23 due to the elastic deformation of the elastic part 16. Therefore, the electrical insulation between the plurality of first electrodes 13 and the plurality of second electrodes 23 is guaranteed by the elastic part 16, and there is no need to include a high rigidity member in the force sensor 10. For this reason, the force sensor 10 does not require a member that needs to have thickness, and this force sensor 10 can be constituted so as to be capable of detecting the inter-member load. Thus, it is easy to thin down the thickness of the force sensor 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3
Patent JP-2020117843-A (JP)
Title: Control device and control method
Inventor: YAMADA YASUO
IPC: G03B15/00
Filed: 2019-01-28
Abstract: To provide a control device and a control method capable of ensuring comfort when driving a saddle-ride type vehicle using a smart helmet.SOLUTION: In a control device and a control method according to the present invention, when it is determined that imaging by a rear camera of a driver's smart helmet worn by a driver of a saddle-ride type vehicle is correct, a driver image captured by the rear camera of the driver's smart helmet is displayed on a display device within a driver's field of view. On the other hand, when it is determined that the imaging by the rear camera of the driver's smart helmet is improper, improper-time control corresponding to a determination result indicating that the imaging is improper is executed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4
Patent JP-2020123537-A (JP)
Title: Connector and connector connection structure
Inventor: KITAOKA KENICHI
IPC: H01R13/621
Filed: 2019-01-31
Abstract: To provide a connector and a connector connection structure that can suppress an increase in work man-hours.SOLUTION: A connector 10 includes two connection terminals 30 respectively connected to the ends of two electric wires 20 extending side by side and each having a through hole at the tip, and a housing 70 that accommodates the connection terminals 30 in a state where the connection terminals 30 are separated from each other and in a state where each tip protrudes to the outside. The tips of the connection terminals 30 are overlapped with each other at intervals in the orthogonal direction Z, and through holes are located on the same axis line along the orthogonal direction Z.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020122747-A (JP)
Title: Detection device
Inventor: KASAI TAKASHI
IPC: G01F1/684
Filed: 2019-01-31
Abstract: To provide a technique for suppressing precision of detection of a flow rate of a fluid from decreasing with a simple structure even when a substrate has a cavity inside and a thermocouple is arranged at an opening of the cavity on a substrate surface.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a detection device that comprises: a substrate which has a cavity opened partially in a surface; a thin film layer which is provided on the surface of the substrate to cover the opening; a heater which is provided on a thin film, and in a substantially linear shape; and a thermocouple array which is provided on the thin film and formed by connecting a plurality of thermocouples in series, wherein each of the thermocouples in the thermocouple array has a first hot contact and a second hot contact arranged in a direction perpendicular to a length direction of the heater, and generates an output based upon a temperature difference between a temperature at the first hot contact and the second hot contact, the first hot contact and the second hot contact being arranged inside the opening when viewed from a normal direction of the opening.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Patent JP-2020126450-A (JP)
Title: Vehicle operation system
Inventor: TAKEYA FUMIAKI
IPC: G08B25/10
Filed: 2019-02-05
Abstract: To provide a vehicle operation system capable of detecting an abnormality without mounting a configuration for detecting the abnormality on a vehicle.SOLUTION: A vehicle operation system 900 includes a mobile terminal 8 and a server 90. The mobile terminal 8 enables inputting at least vehicle identification information of a vehicle 1 witnessed by a user of the mobile terminal 8 and abnormality information indicating a detail of an abnormality occurring in the vehicle 1. The mobile terminal 8 enables transmitting notification information including the vehicle identification information and the abnormality information to an outside. The server 90 receives the notification information transmitted from the mobile terminal 8, identifies the vehicle 1 by using the notification information, and transmits a warehousing instruction to the identified vehicle 1. The server 90 executes, when it is confirmed that the identified vehicle 1 is actually abnormal after the warehousing instruction, processing of giving a reward to the user of the mobile terminal 8.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020126942-A (JP)
Title: Iron-based oxide magnetic powder and manufacturing method thereof
Inventor: OGOSHI SHINICHI
IPC: H01F1/11
Filed: 2019-02-05
Abstract: To provide an iron-based oxide magnetic powder consisting of particles of ε-iron oxide with good thermal stability and small change in coercive force even in high-temperature environments, with some of the Fe sites replaced by other metal elements, and a manufacturing method of an iron-based oxide magnetic powder.SOLUTION: Coexistence of phosphorus-containing ions in a precipitate of iron hydroxide containing a substituted metal element produced by neutralizing an acidic aqueous solution containing trivalent iron ions and metal ions that partially replace the Fe sites when a silicon oxide is coated with a silane compound obtains an iron-based oxide magnetic powder having good thermal stability and a small change in coercive force even in a high temperature environment, which is composed of particles of ε iron oxide in which some of Fe sites are substituted with other metal elements.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020125049-A (JP)
Title: Floating power generation device
Inventor: SUEYOSHI MAKOTO
IPC: B63B35/00
Filed: 2019-02-05
Abstract: To reduce influence due to wind or waves.SOLUTION: A floating power generation device 1 includes a floating power generation buoy 2 having a storage battery retaining unit 12 in water and below as well as floating with a main floating body 14 in a state of being sunk in water including: a supporting member 13; a solar panel 11 attached to one end of the supporting member 13; the storage battery retaining unit 12 attached to another end opposite the one end of the supporting member 13; the main floating body 14 attached to the supporting member 13 in between the solar panel 11 and the storage battery retaining unit 12; and an auxiliary floating body 15 attached to be movable in a prescribed range to the main floating body 14 on the solar panel 11 side to the main floating body 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2019083060-A (JP)
Title: Information processing device, information processing method, and program
Inventor: FUKAYA DAIKI
IPC: G06Q10/10
Filed: 2019-02-07
Abstract: To provide a telework management system that can efficiently implements checking of an attendance/absence state during a working hour of a teleworker.SOLUTION: A telework management system is configured to: detect whether a teleworker is attend or absent on the basis of a photographed picture; calculate an attendance time zone of the teleworker and an absence time zone thereof on the basis of detected information; further calculate an on-duty time zone of the teleworker and an off-duty time zone thereof on the basis of a declaration from the teleworker; and, when it is determined that absence exceeds a prescribed hour during an on-duty time or the attendance exceeds a prescribed hour during an off-duty time on the basis of the calculated time zone, request input of a comment.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5
Patent JP-2020037758-A (JP)
Title: Polyethylene terephthalate bulky continuous filament and vehicle tufted carpet containing the same
Inventor: OH SEUNG TAEK
IPC: D01F6/62
Filed: 2019-02-13
Abstract: To provide polyethylene terephthalate bulky continuous filaments whose elastic recovering coefficient is improved.SOLUTION: Polyethylene terephthalate bulky continuous filaments of this invention are produced by including steps of: melting spinning chips and coloring master butch chips, extending in multistage, causing the filaments to pass through a texture nozzle, and cooling and winding the filaments, and thereby having an elastic modulus of 1.00E+07 to 5.00E+09 Pa in a temperature range of 10-200°C.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4
Patent JP-2020131087-A (JP)
Title: Control method for reverse osmosis system
Inventor: OTANI MASASHI
IPC: B01D61/12
Filed: 2019-02-15
Abstract: To provide a control method for a reverse osmosis system that enhances a water recovery rate with a simple equipment configuration and can restrain scale failures in a first RO device.SOLUTION: A control method for a reverse osmosis system controls a concentrated water discharge quantity from a discharge line in a reverse osmosis system including a circulation line 10 for returning part of concentrated water in an RO device 9 and adding it to raw water, and a concentrated water discharging discharge line 21 branched off from the circulation line 10. Electric conductivity or specific resistance of the concentrated water is calculated based on a measured value of electric conductivity or specific resistance of raw water or RO supply water and a concentrated water quantity and a permeable water quantity of the RO device, and the concentrated water discharge quantity is controlled by a valve 22 so that the calculated electric conductivity or the specific resistance of the concentrated water is within a prescribed range.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020131546-A (JP)
Title: Metal insert member, and metal resin composite molding
Inventor: SAIWAI TOSHIHIKO
IPC: B29C45/14
Filed: 2019-02-19
Abstract: To provide a metal insert member capable of efficiently and surely filling a resin, and a metal resin composite molding provided with the metal insert member.SOLUTION: A metal insert member 10 configuring a metal resin composite molding has a plurality of metal coils 11 in which a long metal base material is molded into a coil shape extended along the axial line X. The metal coils 11 are arranged in parallel. A plurality of through holes 15 extended in one direction are formed in parallel, and gaps 16 opening in the direction that crosses the extended direction of the through holes 15 are formed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Patent JP-2020134796-A (JP)
Title: Imaging system
Inventor: SUZUKI JUNICHI
IPC: H04N5/232
Filed: 2019-02-22
Abstract: To provide a control device that can change a control characteristic in each control direction to uniform a control feeling in different control directions.SOLUTION: A control device 100 having a control unit 101 for rotation control and capable of communicating with a lens device 200 comprises a position detection unit 102 for detecting a position of the control unit and outputting a position signal, a control direction determination unit 103 for determining a control direction of the control unit, a command position calculation unit 105 for calculating a command position to be transmitted to the lens device, and a change characteristic of the command position with respect to the control amount of the control unit in each different control direction. The command position calculation unit determines the change characteristic to be used based on the control direction determined by the control direction determination unit and calculates the command position based on the position signal and the determined change characteristic.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Patent JP-2020134801-A (JP)
Title: Image forming apparatus
Inventor: ISHIDA HIDEKI
IPC: G03G15/09
Filed: 2019-02-22
Abstract: To efficiently remove a defective carrier from a two-component developer without causing a deterioration in image quality.SOLUTION: A developing magnet 432 is arranged inside a developing sleeve 431, has a developing magnetic pole 432a opposite to an image carrier 41, and generates a magnetic field for forming a carrier attached with toner into a brush shape on a surface of the developing sleeve 431. An auxiliary magnet 410 is arranged inside the image carrier 41, and has an auxiliary magnetic pole 410a opposite to the developing sleeve 431 with a non-image area on the surface of the image carrier 41 therebetween where an electrostatic latent image is not formed and having a polarity opposite to the polarity of the developing magnetic pole 432a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2