Patent GB-591867-A (GB)
Title: Direction finding systems
IPC: G01S3/08
Filed: 1944-10-20
Abstract: 591,867. Directive wireless systems; valve circuits. STANDARD TELE. PHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Oct. 20, 1944, No. 20399. Convention date, April 23, 1942. [Class 40 (v)] In an Adcock D.F. system suitable for operation over a broad band of frequencies, each aerial element is aperiodically coupled to its associated feeder by means of a cathode follower which can be remotely controlled to isolate the aerial for testing and balancing purposes. Standby valves are also provided for each coupling with means for remotely switching over to the standby when required. The invention is described as applied to an H Adcock system, Fig. 1 (not shown), in which each dipole of an opposite pair is aperiodically coupled by cathode followers to a horizontal feeder, the two couplings being in opposition and the centre point of the feeder being coupled to a vertical feeder connected to a remote receiver comprising a constantly rotating goniometer with a synchronously driven indicator. A unipole aerial mounted above the other dipole aerials so as to have the same length of feeder is coupled to the indicator through a 90 degree phase shifter for sensing as required. The phasing unit may comprise an artificial line giving a 90 degree phase shift for the mean frequency of the band or it may comprise an artificial line whose output is'taken from a movable coil the movement of which is ganged with the receiver tuning. By providing aperiodic aerial couplings and a substantially aperiodic phasing unit, the phase relation between the D.F. and sensing signals remains substantially constant over 'a broad band of frequencies and this is improved by making the impedance of the horizontal feeder twice that of the vertical feeder although no serious error is introduced by making them of equal impedances. Each dipole 10, Fig. 3, is coupled to a horizontal feeder 30 of a pair of push-pull cathode followers 52 and 53 having load resistances 55 and 56, a pair of standby valves 51 and 54 being connected in parallel with the normal valves 52 and 53 respectively. The earthed side Lh of the heaters of both sets of valves are commoned and common leads B + and B - are provided for the HT + and earthed HT - supplies but the " live " side of the heaters are brought out separately through leads HhN and HhS. The unipole sensing aerial, Fig. 4 (not shown), is similarly coupled by a single valve and standby, a symmetrical output being obtained from balanced resistances in the anode and cathode. The five supply leads from each coupling unit 20-23 and 25, Fig. 2, are connected by cables 30a-33a and 35a to a junction box 65 where the earthed Lh and B - leads from all the units are commoned and the reduced number of leads are connected by cable 36a to a remote control unit 70 situated near to the receiver and indicator. The normal or standby valves in the coupling unit 20 are selected by energizing the appropriate heaters by the switch 85 and the dipole 10 may be uncoupled from its feeder by disconnecting the B+ line by switch 75 or by disconnecting both the B+ line and the heater supply by switch 80, similar control means being provided for the other coupling units. The former method of uncoupling is used for rapid testing and the latter which is more effective is used for more accurate testing. In either case a dummy load 95 is connected across the HT supply so as not to disturb the voltage supply to the other units. A variable resistance is provided in the B + lead 105 to adjust the HT supply and consequently the gain of the coupling unit during balancing tests. In a modification the control is effected with fewer leads by commoning the five HhN leads and the' five HhS leads in the junction box 65 and by running separate Lh leads isolated from earth' 'to each coupling unit. Individual aerials are then uncoupled by switching the Lh leads but the change over from normal to standby is effected for all the units simultaneously.