baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent FI-982288-A (FI)
Inventor: RANUA JUKKA
IPC: D21B/
Filed: 1998-10-22
Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for production of mechanical pulp. According to the invention, the pulp is produced from stem parts of the oil palm by the PGW or GW method. The ground pulp can easily be bleached and paper pulp can be made from it, for example, by mixing the pulp with cellulose pulp. The method saves energy, since the stem material does not need to be dried prior to processing. The invention makes it possible to utilise substantial raw material resources.
Patent GB-134439-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Chain-track Vehicles.
IPC: B62D55/084
Filed: 1919-01-14
Abstract: 134,439. Caterpillar Tractors, Ltd., (Holt Manufacturing Co.). Jan. 14, 1919. Endless-track vehicles.-A double endless-track vehicle having roller trucks which run inside the tracks is constructed with (a) a transverse bolster or beam which overhangs the roller frames, and is supported thereon by springs and (b) transverse crossed rods which tie the bolster and roller trucks together. In the transverse sectional view, Fig. 3, the bolster 31 is fixed to the main frame 10 and extends over and bears upon the roller trucks 13 through helical springs 30. The two roller trucks 13 are positioned relatively to one another by a rod 29, and their movement relatively to the bolster 31 is constrained by the crossed rods 32, 33 pivoted at opposite ends to hangers depending from the bolster and to standards which also form bearings for the transverse rod 29 and seatings for the helical supporting springs. The two roller trucks 13 are allowed a small amount of end play on the shaft 29.
Patent GB-394407-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to heat exchangers such as air heaters or coolers for warming or cooling rooms
IPC: F28D1/053
Filed: 1932-01-13
Abstract: 394,407. Heating by electricity. SOC. ANON. MANUFACTURE GENERALE METALLURGIQUE, 102, Avenue des Anciens Etangs, Forest, Brussels. Jan. 13, 1932, No. 1047. Convention date, Jan. 16, 1931. [Class 39 (iii).] In air heaters for warming rooms, having a number of electric heating elements 1, 2, 3 arranged in a plane parallel to the general direction of flow of the air, the latter, which circulates solely by natural draught, is guided in parallel streams past the elements 1, 2, 3, each stream coming into contact with one element only while circulating through the heater. The division of the air flow into parallel streams may be effected by baffles 4, 5, which, as shown in Fig. 4, are tilted to an angle substantially corresponding with that of the natural direction of air flow through the apparatus in order to prevent the setting up of excessive resistance. A flap valve 8 controls the flow through the apparatus.
Patent GB-370979-A (GB)
Title: Non-corrodible aluminium light alloy
IPC: C22C21/06
Filed: 1931-01-12
Abstract: An aluminium alloy contains 0,3-0,5 per cent of chromium, 0,5-7,0 per cent of magnesium, and 0,3-4,0 per cent of iron.  In making the alloy an aluminium alloy containing a combined proportion of 25 per cent of iron and chromium is added to molten aluminium.  The crucible is removed from the furnace and the magnesium is added while stirring vigorously with an iron rod. The alloy may be annealed at 300-400 DEG C.  Alloys containing specified proportions of (1) aluminium and silicon, (2) aluminium, copper, nickel, and magnesium, (3) aluminium, copper, and zinc, (4) aluminium, magnesium, manganese, and antimony, (5) aluminium and magnesium, and (6) aluminium and copper, are also referred to.
Patent GB-468849-A (GB)
Title: Electric room heater
IPC: F24C7/06
Filed: 1936-01-14
Abstract: 468,849. Electric radiators. BURNDEPT, Ltd., and RICHARDSON, R. P. Jan. 14, 1936, No. 1203. [Class 39 (iii)] An electric room-heater comprises a polished flat metal plate 1, a heating element 2 supported upon it, a perforated metal shield 7 attached to the plate and covering the heating element, and end plates 8, also attached to the plate, completing the enclosure of the element and formed with feet or brackets for the support of the heater on the opposite sides of plate 1 to the heating element.
Patent GB-968230-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1962-01-12
Abstract: 968,230. Semi-conductor devices. BROWN, BOVERI & CO. Ltd. Jan. 12, 1962 [Jan. 13, 1961], No. 1208/62. Heading H1K. A method of producing semi-conductor elements with PN junctions comprises forming a layer of opposite conductivity type on a body of semi-conductor material of the other conductivity type and then coating the body with a layer of nickel, an element then being cut out of the body perpendicularly to the nickel layer and the adjacent PN junction of one face and being ground so that the element is bevelled to reduce the area of the nickel coating and to expose the edge of the PN junction within the area of the bevel. As compared with customary Mesa constructions the invention increases the distance between the edge of the PN junction and the nickel coat which constitutes an electrode. As shown in Fig. 5, the body 1 of silicon has an impurity layer 2 formed by diffusion, the layer having been removed from the bottom surface and replaced by a doped layer 4 for the injection of majority carriers. The whole of body 1 is coated with nickel 5 which may be protected against subsequent etching by a gold topcoat. The body is then cut, by a cutting tool or by a tool with the use of a grinding medium, to have the shape shown in Fig. 6, the plan view corresponding to which is circular. On one side of the element the nickel coat is reduced in area to the disc 7 and at the midpoint of the bevel 6 the PN junction 8 is exposed. Gold, silver, or base metal leads may be connected to the nickel layers 7 and 5 on opposite sides of the element by means of a lead or lead alloy solder. The element may be etched to remove lattice defects due to grinding, but this is not necessary if the grinding medium is fine enough. If etching is employed it may be done before or after the attachment of leads and if employed in the latter case when the leads are of base metal, such as copper, they must be protected with a coat of gold, silver or lead, and the lead or lead alloy solder is chlorinated. The resulting element has a P+PN structure.
Patent GB-955717-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the treatment of cashew nuts
Inventor: MOMTCHILOFF IVAN NICHOLAS
IPC: C09F5/04
Filed: 1961-01-12
Abstract: Cashew nut shell liquid is obtained by removing the outer shell by mechanical means such as abrasion, cutting, clipping, piercing or shotblasting, and then extracting the liquid from the removed shell by means of a solvent such as benzene or carbon tetrachloride before the nut kernel is released from the inner pellicle of the nut.ALSO:The outer shell of cashew nuts is removed by abrasion, cutting, clipping, piercing or shot-blasting and the nut shell liquid is extracted therefrom by solvent extraction using benzene or carbon tetra-chloride, before the nut kernel is released from the inner fellicle of the nut.
Patent GB-185365-A (GB)
Title: Water softener and scale remover
IPC: C02F5/08
Filed: 1922-01-17
Abstract: 185,365. Allender, U. G. Jan. 17, 1922. Incrustation, removing.-A fluid for softening- water and removing scale from boilers &c. consists of gambier, caustic soda, soda crystals, borax, alum, sal-ammoniac and water.
Patent GB-264837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mercury vapour apparatus
IPC: H01J13/48
Filed: 1927-01-18
Abstract: 264,837. Hewittic Soc. Anon., (Assignees of Becq A.). Jan. 19, 1926, [Convention date]. Addition to 249,121, [Class 39 (i), Electric lamps, Arc &c.]. Vapour apparatus. arrangements of.-In mercury-vapour apparatus with a starting electrode directly mounted on the free end of a bi-metallic strip as in the parent Specification, an indicating device is associated with the starting circuit to indicate continuously the operation of the apparatus. In an arrangement for rectifying both halfwaves of alternating current, the two anodes are connected by leads h to the secondary of the supply transformer, the mid-point of the secondary is connected to the cathode i through the apparatus u to be supplied with rectified current, and the starting electrode a is supplied through an auxiliary winding k or through a separate transformer or through both. If a maintaining circuit is employed, the electrode a may be used as a maintaining anode with a fuse or other current-limiting device in its circuit. A relay z in the starting circuit may break a short-circuit across a resistance r in series with an indicating lamp w when current is flowing in the starting circuit, the lamp w burning normally when the main arc is operating and less brightly during starting.
Patent GB-523903-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to wall and like side lighting fittings
IPC: F21V5/00
Filed: 1939-01-17
Abstract: 523,903. Wall &c. lamps; lantern fronts. HOLQPHANE, Ltd., and ENGLISH, S. Jan. 17, 1939, No. 1537. [Classes 75 (ii) and 75 (iv)] A wall or other lighting fitting for projecting light to one side of the fitting comprises a reflector fitting enclosed in a glass front with that part of the glass opposite the lamp bulb formed as an opaque or a translucent light diffusing screen and the reflector being such that it reflects diffusely or gives an expanding beam with the brightness of the reflected light low compared with that of the lamp. The screen may be a band of light diffusing flutes 7 formed across the inner or outer surface of a rectangular globe surrounding the lamp bulb 1, or a rectangular piece of opal glass secured in a recess formed in a projection from the globe, or the globe may be of alabaster glass with a rectangular thickened portion opposite the lamp bulb. The reflector may be of vitreous enamel. The Provisional Specification describes also open reflectors with translucent or opaque reflecting screens of flat, spherical and box shapes.
Patent GB-587833-A (GB)
Title: An improved manufacture of light weight resinous insulating and like materials
IPC: C08L61/10
Filed: 1945-01-19
Abstract: Foamed solid resinous materials are made by adding to a thermosetting resin in the liquid state or in solution, an inflating agent comprising an amide, amino acid, primary amine, or a mixture of such bodies, e.g. hydrolysed protein, and allowing the inflating agent mixed with the resin to react in the presence of free nitrous, hypochlorous, or hypobromous acid, and an acid of the type normally used to assist setting of thermosetting resins, whereby nitrogen is evolved and the mixture caused to foam, and simultaneously or subsequently heating the foamed mass to cause setting of the resin. A nitrite, hypochlorote, or hypobromite may be used together with the acid catalyst to produce the nitrous, hypochlorous, or hypobromous acids.  The acid may be sulphuric, chloracetic, chloroformic, an alkyl ester of a mineral acid such as monoethyl sulphuric acid, or a solution of hydrochloric acid in an equal quantity acetone or alcohol.  The amount of inflating agent may be 2 to 15 per cent by weight of the resin, and the other constituents which evolve nitrogen with the inflating agent may amount to 4 to 30 per cent.  One per cent of a foaming agent such as saponin or a quaternary ammonium salt, .5 to 3 per cent of a gum such as gum tragacanth, and 3-10 per cent of finely-divided inert solid, e.g. kieselguhr, molochite, Neuburg chalk, or heat-infusible resinous material may be added.  The foaming step may be carried out at room temperature or in an oven at 60-140 DEG  C.  Urea-formaldehyde resin may be used, the preferred diluent then being water.  In an example, a cresolformaldehyde resin made according to Specification 458,364 is mixed with urea, ammonium nitrite and kieselguhr, and when the mixture is homogeneous, hydrochloric acid in acetone is added and the mixture heated in an oven at 120 DEG  C.
Patent GB-662338-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in belt covering machine
IPC: B29D29/00
Filed: 1949-01-20
Abstract: 662,338. Belt gearing. UNITED STATES RUBBER CO. Jan. 20, 1949 [March 23, 1948], No. 1609/49. Class 80 (i) [Also in Group XXV] A machine for building belts of varying lengths and cross sections by applying one or more plies of rubberised fabric longitudinally to a belt carcass and wrapping them firmly on to the carcass and to one another comprises, in combination, spaced rotatable pulleys carrying the belt carcass, means for feeding a jacket of rubberised or other fabric as the carcass moves, pressing-rollers for applying the fabric to opposite sides of the carcass, wiping-rollers for folding the edges of the fabric down on to the upper surface of the carcass in overlapping relationship, a support movable into engagement with the carcass and jacket to hold them in operative relation with the rollers, and means for simultaneously tensioning the carcass and moving the support. The carcass 2, Figs. 1 and 10, is placed loosely upon the pulleys 8, 7, while the support 98, carrying guide rollers 107, 109, 110, 111, 115, 116 and 117, is in the lower position shown in Fig. 4. Another set of guide rollers 64<SP>1</SP>, 66, 67, for guiding the fabric strip 63 into engagement with the belt carcass on the pulley 7, is held apart by a separating-cam 73, Fig. 5, while the strip is placed in position. Upon operation of a hand valve 42, Fig. 1, compressed air cylinders 37, 75 operate (1) to move the pulleys 7, 8 apart, thus tensioning the belt, (2) to raise the support 98 by its linkages 102, 104 so as to bring one set of guide rollers into position for controlling the wrapping of the belt, and (3) to raise the roller 64' with its guide rollers 66 clear of the cam 73 and into the position shown in Fig. 6, where the strip 63 is folded up on two sides of the carcass 2 as shown. At the same time a weight 127, which also holds the strip 63 in frictional engagement with a conveyer belt on a tilting conveyer 118', causes the conveyer to tilt to bring the strip into frictional engagement with the belt carcass 2. Upon depression of a foot-lever 19, a motor 17 causes gear mechanism 12 to rotate the pulley 7, whereupon the tension in the strip 63 raises a roller 135 and lever 136 to operate a clutch which causes a power roller 153 to draw off the strip from the roll 64. At the same time any liner material 169 separating the layers of adhesive strip is drawn off by rollers 181, 186, and wound on a spool 171. As the belt carcass 2 with the adhesive strip 63 is drawn to the left in Fig. 4, it first comes into contact with a pressing-roller 81 which sticks the right hand fold of the strip against the side of the carcass, as shown in Fig. 10, then with a flat conical wiping-roller 83 which wraps the edge of the strip over on top, then with a pressing-roller 82 which presses the left hand fold of the strip against the other side of the carcass, and then with a wiping-roller 84 which folds the edge down on top of the first-laid edge. The machine is stopped when the belt is completely covered, or it may be run while two or more layers of strip are applied.
Patent GB-555934-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to stove kettles
IPC: A47J27/21
Filed: 1943-02-01
Abstract: 555,934. Kettles. WEBSTER, W. H. Feb. 1, 1943, No. 1629. [Class 66] A kettle is formed with a flat top supporting the handle 4 and provided with apertures 6, 8 affording respectively filling and pouring and steam escape or air inlet openings, the filling opening being surrounded by a spout portion 7 and the aperture 8 covered by a guard-piece 9 confining entrance or egress to an aperture 10 in the handle, the portions 7 and 9 being soldered &c. both to the top and to the handle.
Patent GB-234017-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rheostats
IPC: H01C10/16
Filed: 1925-01-20
Abstract: 234,017. Snell, J. C. Jan. 20, 1925. Variable resistances.- Rheostats for giving coarse and fine adjustment are provided with high and low resistance coils 27, 11, Fig. 4, connected in parallel to one lead 9 cf the circuit, and corresponding rotary contact-arms 22, 16, connected to the other lead 9<a> of the circuit. The coils 27, 11, are mounted on arched cores of insulating material attached to a conducting frame 7, Fig. 3, in which is mounted a sleeve 15 carrying the contact arm 16 and provided with a knob 18. The other contact arm 22 is carried by a spindle 20 extending through the sleeve 15 and provided with a knob 25. A stop is provided to limit the sweep of the arm 22 so that the minimum resistance in the shunt circuit through the coil 27 will be at least equal to the maximum resistance in the main current through the coil 11.
Patent GB-122499-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Liquid Fuel Burner Mechanism.
IPC: F23D99/00
Filed: 1918-01-31
Abstract: 122,499. Marks, E. C. R., (General Engineering Co.). Jan. 31, 1918. Water-tube boilers.-The steam-generator comprises two sets of water-tubes 11, 12 connected respectively to upper water manifolds 13 and 15, and to lower manifolds 14 and 16; the manifold 15 is connected to the marifold 14 by a pipe 15<a>. A refractory-lined casing A, open at the bottom, encloses the tubes and is provided with a partition A<1> which terminates below the roof of the casing, thus directing the heating flame between the tubes 11 and then downwards between the tubes 12. The heating of the generator is effected by flames issuing from Venturi tubes B<2> into which oil is blown from nozzles B<3> and atomized bv air from a blower B, the discharge tube B<1> of which divides into two branches forming the Venturi tubes B<2>.
Patent GB-304293-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in photographic cameras
IPC: G03B17/04
Filed: 1929-01-18
Abstract: 304,293. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges. Jan. 18, 1928, [Convention date]. Lens mounts.-In a lens and shutter unit for photographic cameras the lens is mounted in the shutter casing and is movable relatively thereto for focussing. In an embodiment the lens tube 1, Fig 1, having its inner end bent to form a light stop 16 moves in the guiding tube 6 fixed to the front plate 7 of the shutter casing and carries pins 4 which engage the longitudinal slots 3 in an outer tube 2 and the helical slots 5 in the fixed tube 6. The inner end of the tube 6 is cut to form springs 10, the ends 11 of which engage in notches in the tube 2, presenting the latter from moving axially but allowing it to rotate. A lever 8 turns the tube 2 thereby causing the pin and slot connection to advance the lens tube to its outermost position. The automatic return of the lens tube to the innermost position is obtained through the operation of a spring on the tube 2. A cavity in the lever 8 co-operates with a boss on the casing and holds the spring in tension in the outermost position, release being made by hand or automatically by pressure on the lever 8 of some part when the camera is closed.
Patent GB-210440-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in wireless apparatus
IPC: H04B1/22
Filed: 1923-08-21
Abstract: 210,440. Levy, L. Aug. 24, 1922, [Convention date]. Thermionic amplifiers and detectors; heterodyne receiving systems.-Inductance coils with adjustable iron cores are used for tuning the plate circuits of high-frequency amplifying valves, and as inter-valve couplings. The Figure shows a four-valve wireless receiver with two H.F. valves, a detector, and a L.F. valve, the couplings between and after the H.F. valves being made across inductance coils 41, 42 with adjustable cores 39, 40 of fine iron wire, which may be inserted more or less deeply into the coils. Each coil is wound in superposed layers in annular grooves in a cylindrical fibre tube, and tappings are taken from several points in the coil. The adjustment of the core may be such as to give rise to local oscillations for heterodyne reception. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that the valves and associated apparatus are mounted as separate units as in Specification 202,988. Specification 133,306 also is referred to. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-937512-A (GB)
Title: A machine including means for transversely guiding band of sheet material fed therethrough
IPC: B65H23/038
Filed: 1961-01-17
Abstract: 937,512. Guiding webs transversely. A. LASZLO. Jan. 17, 1962 [Jan. 17, 1961], No. 1977/61. Class 100 (1). A web 3 is guided transversely by a roller 2 having oppositely-threaded portions 6, 7. The web is urged into contact with the portions 6, 7 by air under pressure from nozzles 8, 9. By varying the flow of air, the engagement of the web 3 with the portions 6, 7 may be varied to effect transverse guiding. The flow of air is controlled by a valve 31 actuated by an electric motor 41 controlled by a web-edge detector, e.g. a feeler lever or photo-electric cell 21 adjustable along a rod 24. A roller 1 having oppositely threaded portions 4, 5 removes curl from the web before guiding. In an alternative arrangement, the web is pressed into contact with the roller 2 by a brush, not shown. The nozzles 8 and 9 may each be replaced by a plurality of short narrow air outlets extending obliquely of the roller 2. Specification 937,511 is referred to.
Patent GB-878635-A (GB)
Title: Process for the polymerisation of olefins
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1958-01-21
Abstract: Normally gaseous olefines are polymerized in a liquid reaction medium at a pressure below 100 kg./sq. cm., and at a temperature not greater than 100 DEG C. in the presence of a catalyst consisting of or comprising a mixture of an organometallic compound of a metal of Group 1-3 of the Periodic Table according to Mendeleeff and a compound of a metal of subgroups (a) of Group 4-6 of the Table, and in the presence of solid, chemically resistant bodies of a size which is relatively small compared with that of the polymerization zone, and agitating the reaction medium in such a manner that the bodies are kept in motion.  The polymerization may be effected in a continuous manner.  The solid bodies have preferably a number of sides with adjacent sides meeting in a line (thus, for example, they may be cubes) and some of the bodies may be heavier than the reaction medium whilst others are lighter than the medium.  The bodies may be made of polyethylene of molecular weight above 750,000.  The olefine may be ethylene, and the catalyst a mixture of titanium chlorides and an aluminium alkyl compound.  The inert bodies are also stated to minimize deposition of the polyoefine on the walls of the polymerization zone. Specifications 799,823, 801,031 and 876,023 are referred to.
Patent GB-524050-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to safety devices for machine tools
IPC: F16P3/04
Filed: 1939-01-20
Abstract: 524,050. Machinery guards. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., and MAY, F. W. Jan. 20, 1939, No. 2033. [Class 80 (iv)] In a punch press having a safety guard, comprising upright side members 2, 3 and a plurality of cross-bars 4, which is pivotally mounted on a horizontal spindle 5 extending across the upper part of the press so as to be swung inwardly into a position to permit insertion and removal of the work, through the spaces between the bars 4, and outwardly into a position of safety, a quadrant-shaped arm 10, secured to the member 3, co-operates with a clutch control cam 11, the arm 10 preventing angular displacement of the cam to engage the clutch until the guard is swung outwardly so that a slot 12 in the arm registers with said cam. The guard may be provided with a handle 22 and a controlling spring 17; also a releasable stop 19 for engagement with a lug 20 on the spindle 5 to limit the outward movement of the guard, and side guards 18. The guard may also be provided with a roller co-operating with a cam on the press shaft so that the guard is swung outwardly should the press operate accidentally when the guard is in its inward position. Specification 514,629 is referred to.