baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-259646-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for preparing l- -aminolactam from a mixture of d-and l- -aminolactam
IPC: C07D223/12
Filed: 1960-07-14
Abstract: Racemic a -aminolactams are resolved by forming a precipitate containing only or primarily either D-or L-a -aminolactam as the salt of the optically active pyrrolidone carboxylic acid with the same steric configuration, such precipitation being effected in a liquid medium in which the salt of both D-and L-a -aminolactam with the said acid are insoluble or substantially insoluble, using the pyrrolidine carboxylic acid as such or as ammonium pyrrolidonate and in such smaller amount than that which is equivalent to the total amount of a -aminolactam that all or most of one of the optical antipodes of the said mixture remains in the liquid phase. The optically-active a -aminolactams are subsequently separated from their salts with the pyrrolidone carboxylic acid. The liquid medium used for the resolution is preferably dioxane or a hydrocarbon. Both the a -aminolactam and the pyrrolidone carboxylic acid may be added to the liquid medium of the process as solutions in a polar solvent, such as water or an alcohol, and this polar solvent is preferably expelled from the liquid medium at the same rate as it is added, e.g. by means of azeotropic distillation. When L-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid or its ammonium salt is used for resolution, the preferred amount is not more than 1 mole for mole of L-a -aminolactam. The precipitate is then predominantly L, L-salt, and this may be taken up in a polar solvent and treated with an amount of L-a -aminolactam which is at least equivalent to the amount of D-a -aminolactam occurring as a L, D-salt contaminant in the L, L-salt. The solution of L, L-salt in a polar solvent is then added to a further amount of the liquid medium used in the process, and pure L, L-salt is precipitated by expelling the polar solvent. The L, L-salt may be passed as an aqueous solution over a cation exchanger in the ammonium form. L-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid passes through as the ammnoium salt and may be used again for the resolution step, while L-a -aminolactam may be recovered by subsequent elution with aqueous ammonia. The original mother liquor containing mainly D-a -aminolactam may be racemized for re-use by heating it with sodium or anhydrous caustic soda. When D-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid or its ammonium salt is used for resolution, the preferred amount is at least 1 mole per mole of D-a -aminolactam present. The precipitate is then predominantly D,D-salt, from which D-a -aminolactam may be recovered using an ion exchanger as before. The recovered D-a -aminolactam is then dissolved in fresh liquid medium and racemized for re-use by heating it with anhydrous caustic soda. The original mother liquor containing mainly L-a -aminolactam may be subsequently evaporated to yield the required product. The processes described above may be adapted for continuous working. Specified starting materials are racemic a -aminocaprolactam, a -aminovalerolactam and a -amino-oenantholactam. Specification 884,299 is referred to.
Patent ES-261948-A1 (ES)
Title: Copper complex of dimethyl dithiocarbamic acid and preparation thereof
IPC: A01N47/14
Filed: 1960-10-25
Abstract: The invention comprises a chlorine-containing cuprous complex of dimethyldithiocarbamic acid containing 44.5 to 45% of copper and corresponding approximately to the empirical formula C3H6NS2Cu. CuCl. It may be prepared by reacting an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal dimethyldithiocarbamate with cuprous chloride in water (the reactants being present in the proportion of at least 2 and less than 2 1/2 moles of cuprous chloride for every mole of the dimethyldithiocarbamate) at 20-110 DEG C. in the presence of an alkali metal chloride and of bisulphite ions and isolating the resulting precipitate, which may be purified by washing first with water containing bisulphite ions and then with water. The reaction may be effected in a heterogeneous medium initially containing undissolved cuprous chloride which dissolves as the reaction proceeds. The product has fungicidal properties.ALSO:Fungicidal compositions comprise a chlorine-containing cuprous complex of dimethyldithiocarbamic acid containing 44.5 to 45% of copper and corresponding approximately to the empirical formula C3H6NS2Cu.CuCl (for preparation see Division C2). Powders and emulsions in oil are referred to.
Patent ES-339949-A1 (ES)
Title: Polymer solutions and methods for preparing and using the same
IPC: C09D5/44
Filed: 1967-04-28
Abstract: Glass substrates are coated with polyimides by casting a film on them from a solution in a mixture of phenol and water of a polyamide acid formed by reacting in solution in the mixture (a) a ,benzophenone dianhydride or a dianhydride of the formula or a mixture thereof and (b) a diamine which is a C 2-8 alkylenediamine, w-phenylenediamine or a diamine of the formula H 2 N.C 6 H 4 . R.C 6 H 4 .NH 2 , where R is C 1-3 alkylene, -CO-, - 0-, or -SO 2 -, and heating at 250 C.
Patent ES-340518-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for dispersing contaminants in waste paper with organic solvent vapors
IPC: D21C5/02
Filed: 1967-05-13
Abstract: Contaminants in paper stock are dispersed in pressing a mass of wet pulp to a fibre content of at least 12% and exposing the mass to the vapours of a solvent for the contaminant at an elevated temperature so that the contaminants are softened and dispersed. Contaminants referred to are ink, bitumen, wax and pressure-sensitive adhesives solvents are xylene, toluene, aromatic naphthas, esters, ketones and chlorinated hydrocarbons. As shown, apparatus for this purpose comprises a generally cylindrical vessel 108 with an entry port 100 and an exit port 105 at opposite ends, a shaft 106 mounted along the axis of the vessel, three screw flights 101, 103 and 104, all of substantially the same pitch, mounted in sequence along the shaft, with gaps 102 and 102' between each flight and the next, and ports 109 for introducing fluid into the vessel in a section corresponding with the second flight. In another embodiment (Fig. 3, not shown), the exit port of a generally cylindrical vessel of this kind is connected by a down leg with the entry port of a second cylindrical vessel a screw conveyor mounted on an axial shaft. There are several ports for introducing fluid into this vessel also. The screw flights in the second vessel are cut, and the speed of the motor driving them is variable, so that a head of paper stock can be maintained in the down leg. Hinged restricting gates are mounted on the exit port of the second vessel, and controlled by means sensitive to the pressure in the second vessel.
Patent ES-344438-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for the production of 3-methyl pentenes from ethene
IPC: C07B61/00
Filed: 1967-08-25
Abstract: Hexenes having a 3-methylpentane carbon skeleton are prepared by introducing ethene and normal butene into a reaction zone in the presence of a catalyst system of (A) a Lewis acid selected from Be(R) a (Y) 2-a , Al(R) b (Y) 3-b , Ga(R) b (Y) 3-b and In(R) b (Y) 3-b in which R is H or a hydrocarbon group, Y is halogen or - OR, -SR or -NR 2 , a is 1 or 2 and b is 0, 1 or 2 and (B) a compound having one of the following formul[mu] where M is a Group 8 metal, D: represents a donor equivalent having one free electron pair, :D-D is a bifunctional donor ligand, X is an equivalent of an organic or inorganic acid or a C 1 -C 10 alkyl or aryl group, X-D is a chelate ligand containing both a donor and an acid equivalent, and cyclodiene and cyclodienyl respectively represent a C 3- C 12 cyclic hydrocarbon with at least 2 double bonds, and the radical thereof separating hexene and nbutenes from the reaction mixture, recovering hexenes having a 3-methylpentane carbon skeleton as product and recycling the butene or at least a part thereof to the reaction zone or a subsequent reaction zone for reaction with further ethane. M is preferably Co or Ni and the reaction may be carried out at 0-90 C., and 0À1-35 atmospheres gauge. In the only example of the invention (Ex. 4) ethene was oligomerized using a catalyst comprising (trin-butylphosphine), Ni(CCl 3 CO 2 ) 2 and AlEt- Cl 2 in chlorobenzene and the butene fraction collected and recycled for reaction with further ethene.
Patent ES-345306-A1 (ES)
Title: Electrolytic process for preparing aminopenicillins
IPC: C07D499/64
Filed: 1967-09-21
Abstract: a-Aminopenicillins of Formula I and non-toxic salts thereof, wherein R is a phenyl, substituted phenyl or thienyl group, are obtained by electrolytically reducing a penicillin of Formula II wherein R is as defined above and Y is azido, arylsulphonamido, arylsulphenamido or arylcarbonylamino and m is H, a metal e.g. an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium ion. Typical groupings are azido, toluenep-sulphonamido, benzamido and o-nitrophenylsulphenamido groups. The examples relate to the preparation of ampicillin and x-amino-2- thienyl methyl penicillin. The starting penicillin and electrolyte are dissolved in a liquid solvent which will not chemically react with either the penicillin of Formula I or II, and the electrolyte solution is maintained at pH 1 to 9 during the course of the electrolysis and a metal cathode is used. The electrolyte may be a quaternary ammonium salt e.g. tetramethyl ammonium chloride, an alkali metal salt e.g. lithium chloride or an ammonium salt. The solvent may be an alcohol, an aqueous alcohol, aqueous acetone or water. The metal cathode may be of mercury, lead, zinc, silver, lead amalgam or zinc amalgam and the anode may be of graphite.
Patent ES-349743-A1 (ES)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electronic water detectors
IPC: G01N27/12
Filed: 1968-01-25
Abstract: Apparatus for detecting water in e.g. fuel oil, comprises a filter for the liquid, which traps the water either in absorbent paper, or in capillory grooves, between a stack of conductive plates, the electrical resistance between alternate plates being tested to operate an alarm relay at a predetermined value. Several different forms of conductive plates are described. In order to develop the relay operating signal, the apparatus may be connected in the grid circuit of a pentode amplifier Fig. 16 (not shown) or the base circuit of a transistor amplifier Fig. 17 (not shown).
Patent ES-360190-A1 (ES)
Title: Fermentation Process for the Production of Citric Acid.
IPC: C12N1/38
Filed: 1968-11-13
Abstract: A citric acid-accumulating yeast strain of the genera Candida, Endomycopsis, Hansenula, Pichia or Torulopsis, is propagated under aerobic conditions in an aqueous carbohydratecontaining medium until a level of at least 1 gram of citric acid accumulates per litre of medium, and the citric acid is recovered. The pH is maintained between 1.5 and 8, and the temperature between 20 and 37 C. during the propagating. The medium may contain 5-25 grams of calcium carbonate per litre (or similar basic substance) whereby the citric acid is recovered in the form of a precipitate of calcium citrate. The accumulation of citric acid is enhanced by the inclusion in the medium of a minute amount of an [alpha]-chloro- or [alpha]-fluorosubstituted lower alkanoic mono- or di-carboxylic acid (containing up to 4 carbon atoms) or the corresponding salt or amide, exemplified by chloroacetic, fluoroacetic, trichloroacetic, trifluoroacetic and chlorosuccinic acids, and sodium, potassium, ammonium, lithium, cadmium, barium and amine addition salts. Species and strains of yeasts, and carbohydrate and nitrogen sources for the medium, are specifically mentioned.
Patent ES-360191-A1 (ES)
Title: Bainitic ductile iron having high strength and toughness
IPC: F01L1/14
Filed: 1968-11-13
Abstract: A spheroidal graphite iron casting consists, by weight, of the Ni, Cr and Mn contents being so correlated with the section size of the casting that at least the outer portion of the casting has a microstructure of upper bainite. The casting may be strengthened by tempering at 200 -315 C. for 2-14 hours. Uses Crankshafts, diesel blocks and heads, cams, brakedrums, clutch plates, track shoes for crawler-type tractor treads, centrifugally cast sleeves, rolling-mill rolls, forming dies and wear plates.
Patent ES-361462-A1 (ES)
Title: Motor vehicles
IPC: B62D33/073
Filed: 1968-12-14
Abstract: In a vehicle having a cab 12 tiltably mounted on the vehicle chassis 10, a brake lever 16 pivotally mounted on the chassis 10 is linked to the vehicle brakes, a spring-loaded pawl 23 engages a ratchet 22 to hold the lever 16 in a given position until released, a brake-operating member 29 carrying a handle 41 is slidably and pivotally mounted on the cab 12 and pivotally connected to the lever 16, and a push-button 43 on the handle 41 is connected to the pawl 23 through release linkage carried by the lever 16 and member 29. The member 29 is in the form of a tube which slides in a sleeve 37 mounted by pivot means 38 in a slot in an engine cover 14 forming part of the cab 12. A flexible gaiter 40 on the member 29 is secured to the cover 14 around the slot. A rod 42 actuated by the pushbutton 43 extends through the member 29 and is connected to a pawl release lever 26 mounted by pivot means 27 on the lever 16 and connected to the pawl 23 by a link 25. A spring 49 interposed between the release lever 26 and an abutment 50 on the lever urges the pawl 23 into engagement with the ratchet 22. The pivotal connection (Fig. 2, not shown) between the rod 42 and the release lever 26 is aligned with the pivotal connection between the lever 16 and member 29 so that engagement of the pawl 22 with the ratchet 23 is undisturbed when the cab is tilted. The pawl may alternatively be released through a cable by a button or lever on the handle.
Patent ES-366505-A1 (ES)
Title: Integrated circuit having monolithic inversely operated transistors
IPC: H01L27/06
Filed: 1969-04-26
Abstract: In a monolithic integrated circuit two transistors are formed in a common epitaxial region, which forms a part of each transistor, by means of separate diffused regions, the transistors being connected in a circuit so that in operation the common region functions as the emitter of at least one of the transistors. The transistors are formed simultaneously by diffusing P-type base regions into an N-type epitaxial layer on a P+-type substrate, the epitaxial layer being divided into islands by a P-type isolation diffusion. N-type regions are diffused into the base regions and form the emitters of normally poled transistors and the collectors of inversely poled transistors. The inversely poled transistors exhibit a low gain which may be less than unity if the circuit is gold doped. A memory cell, Fig. 3, comprises five transistors T1 to T5 and two resistors R1 and R2, two of the transistors T3, T4, forming a bi-stable multivibrator, being arranged in a single island and operated so that the common region functions as their emitters, and the other three transistors T1, T2, T5, forming addressing, reading and writing components, being arranged in a second island and operated so that the common region forms the emitters of two of the transistors T1, T2 and the collector of the third transistor T5.
Patent ES-366696-A1 (ES)
Title: Furnaces for solid fuel
IPC: C10B31/02
Filed: 1969-04-02
Abstract: Coal is fed to a furnace inlet 10 from a hopper 101 having a wall 103 inclined to the horizontal at not less than 45 degrees, and carrying an adjustable plate 104 regulating the position of the free surface 108 of the coal supported on the bottom wall 119 of the hopper. An agitator comprising rotating wings 112 skims the coal surface to feed coal to the inlet 10. When the inlet 10 is full the feed of coal stops without fuel in the furnace being subject to the pressure of the coal in the hopper.
Patent ES-381390-A1 (ES)
Title: Method of producing concentrated phosphoric acid
IPC: C01B25/22
Filed: 1970-07-02
Abstract: Monocalcium phosphate, advantageously in the form of single superphosphate or triple superphosphate, is mixed with sulfuric acid or ammonium bisulfate and methanol. The monocalcium phosphate and the sulfuric acid or ammonium bisulfate react to form phosphoric acid and a precipitate which contains calcium sulfate. The phosphoric acid is substantially entirely dissolved in the methanol. Next the methanol containing the dissolved phosphoric acid is separated from the solid precipitate by decantation, filtration or centrifugation. By evaporation of the methanol a phosphoric acid concentrate is obtained, or by the addition of a base to the methanolic acid solution, the corresponding phosphate salts are formed and precipitated in an easily separatable and dryable form.
Patent ES-390509-A1 (ES)
Title: Furan resins modified with carboxy containing copolymer
IPC: C08L71/14
Filed: 1971-03-23
Abstract: Process for reducing the amount of shrinking that occurs when a furan resin is cured which comprises adding to a furan resin from 15 to 50 percent by weight based on the total weight of the binding material, of a copolymer of (a) at least one alpha , beta -olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid component which is at most dibasic and has not more than four carbon atoms and (b) a copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated monomer having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms in a ratio of a) to b) from 1:0.5 to 1:20, said copolymer having an average molecular weight of 400 to 3000, and moulded bodies comprising a cured furan resin containing a copolymer as defined above.
Patent ES-432338-A1 (ES)
Title: Process for the polymerization of alpha olefins
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1974-11-27
Abstract: A process for polymerizing alpha - olefins is described which permits control of particle size distribution in the resulting polymers. It comprises the well-known Ziegler low pressure polymerization process in which the transition metal compound has been prepared by reducing its higher valence counterpart with a mixture comprising an unsaturated polymeric organoaluminum compound and an alkylaluminum compound.
Patent ES-433496-A1 (ES)
Title: Study aid
IPC: G09B7/06
Filed: 1975-01-02
Abstract: A study aid comprising two independent members in combination. One of these two members comprises a printed sheet having at least one printed column of questions and a column for a plurality of selectable answers and markings adjacent the answers. These markings may be either contiguous or independent. One of these markings which represents the correct answer is made with an electro-conductive element, and the other markings representing erroneous answers are made with an electrically insulating material. These two kinds of markings are printed on a sheet material in a manner so as to be visually indistinguishable from each other. The other member is an answer-spotting electric instrument of the pen type and having at one of its ends two spaced contact members and a signal generating circuit connected to these contact members and a signal indicator provided on the other end and connected to the circuit.
Patent ES-439169-A1 (ES)
Title: Pneumatic suspension element
IPC: F16F9/43
Filed: 1975-07-04
Abstract: A pneumatic suspension element of the piston-and-cylinder type in which the escape of compressed gas from the cylinder cavity is prevented by a liquid in a portion of the cylinder cavity through which the piston rod passes. The compressed gas and liquid are introduced into the cylinder cavity through resiliently sealed gaps about the piston rod and/or through a porous partition separating the liquid-filled cavity portion from the gas-filled portion.
Patent ES-439419-A1 (ES)
Title: Amidine-metal complexes and their use as catalysts for isocyanate polyaddition reactions
IPC: C07F7/22
Filed: 1975-07-15
Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of novel amidine-metal complexes and to the use thereof as catalysts for isocyanate polyaddition reactions. The novel amidine-metal complexes of the instant invention are generally produced by mixing an amidine with a metal salt.
Patent ES-440052-A1 (ES)
Title: Top roller-carriage for sewing machines
IPC: D05B27/10
Filed: 1975-08-06
Abstract: An improved top roller-carriage for use on sewing machines having a bottom roller and on which superimposed layers of material are to be joined, the roller-carriage including an elongated torque transmitting shaft connected through intermediate mechanisms to the main drive and including means for mounting the torque shaft on the machine in such a way that it can be pivoted about both a horizontal and a vertical axis so that the roller while it is connected on one end of the torque shaft can be completely removed from its operative position adjacent the machine needle and can adjust vertically to accommodate different material thicknesses.
Patent ES-444766-A1 (ES)
Title: Separating drum for the centrifugal treatment of mixtures
IPC: B04B1/08
Filed: 1976-01-29
Abstract: A centrifugal separator suitable for separating a mixture of a specifically lighter liquid, a specifically heavier liquid, and solids. The separator comprises a disk stack 9 adjacent the drum axis, and a second disk stack 12 in the centrifuging zone 10 between disk stack 9 and the periphery of the drum. The specifically heavier liquid fraction leaves the drum via passageways 20 and discharge openings 21. The separator is well suited to separation of water-oil mixtures containing sludge and metal particles.
Patent ES-447989-A1 (ES)
Title: (3)-Chloro-(4)-cyclopropyl methoxy-phenyl-propionic acid - antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic with lower toxicity and superior activity than alclofenac
IPC: C07C59/56
Filed: 1976-05-10
Abstract: alpha-(3-Chloro-4-cyclopropylmethyloxyphenyl)propionic acid (I) is a novel cpd. (I) is useful as antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic. (I) has superior activity and much lower toxicity is compared with that of alclofenac. The oral LD50 in mice = 3.45g/kg and the LD0 = 2.13g/kg.
Patent ES-448534-A1 (ES)
Title: Diverter valve for power steering with power beyond
IPC: B62D5/097
Filed: 1976-06-03
Abstract: Apparatus for use in a vehicle having a hydraulically actuated steering mechanism and a hydraulically actuated implement. The apparatus comprises a housing, which includes a fluid inlet port, first and second working ports, for connection with the steering mechanism, a fluid return port and an auxiliary port for connection with the implement. A metering mechanism is located in the housing, and a first valve is movably located within said housing. The first valve has a neutral position communicating the inlet with said auxiliary port and blocking the inlet from said first and second working ports. The valve also has first and second actuated positions communicating said inlet port with said metering unit and communicating flow from the metering unit to said first or second working ports respectively. The valve further has surfaces blocking communication with the first and second working ports progressively restricting communication from the inlet to the auxiliary port and progressively increasing communication between the inlet and the first and second working ports as the valve is moved from said neutral position. The apparatus further includes a control valve for directing fluid to the implement when said first valve blocks flow of fluid to the auxiliary port.