baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1240668-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to crystallizing apparatus
IPC: C01D3/06
Filed: 1968-06-27
Abstract: 1,240,668. Multi-stage crystallisation. GARRETT RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CO. Inc. 27 June, 1968 [2 May, 1968], No. 4873/ 71. Divided out of 1,240,667. Heading B1G. A multi-stage crystalliser comprises a housing divided by vertical partitions into a series of chambers, each partition having two apertures, an upper and a lower, for interconnecting the chambers, these being such that the crystallizing solution (e.g. a brine) can pass through the series of chambers from a first chamber to a final chamber, the lower aperture being for passage of the crystals through the chambers, they settling to the bottom of each chamber, and the upper connections for passage of the solution through the chambers. Each chamber has a heat exchange means associated therewith for cooling the solution and individual pump means for circulating the solution around the heat exchange means. In the embodiment shown each pump 118 pumps the solution around a circuit from the chamber 112 to sprays 120, the heat exchange medium being upwardly flowing atmospheric air circulated by a fan 124, the cooling tower walls being preferably air permeable. Baffles 108 and the heat exchange mechanism and funnel 110 serves to feed the crystals and solution back to the main body of the solution. The upper inter-chamber connections are at the surface level of the crystallizing solution and the lower 114 are at the bottom of the chamber partitions 104. The crystal slurry outlet is pipe 126, the solution inlet being either or both of pipes 118 and 82. A further embodiment (Fig. 3) has the solution pumped around a circuit including heat exchangers (74) in which pipes carry a common flow of cooling fluid in countercurrent to the direction of flow of the crystallizing solution. For certain purposes both embodiments may be in series, the atmospheric heat exchange type following the other.
Patent GB-1467539-A (GB)
Title: Panic proof lock
IPC: E05B59/00
Filed: 1975-02-05
Abstract: 1467539 Locks TRE CORP 5 Feb 1975 4905/75 Heading E2A In a panic lock having a latch bolt 17 retracted by inside and outside handles 30. 31, and a dead bolt 16 operated by a key-lock 36 at the outside and by a turn-button 32 on the inside, the inside escutcheon 38 houses a sliding pusher 63 by means of which a cam 60 on the spindle of handle 30 transmits rotation to a crank arm 37 on the dead-bolt operating spindle 51, so that frantic rotation of handle 30 will withdraw both bolts and allow the door to open. The latch bolt is normally retracted by a follower, as 42, driven by the inner or outer handle and acting through links 45, Fig. 13. The lock is applicable for right or left-hand doors.
Patent GB-1272521-A (GB)
Title: Elevator control system
IPC: B66B1/18
Filed: 1970-02-02
Abstract: 1,272,521. Lift control systems. OTIS ELEVATOR CO. 2 Feb., 1970 [27 Feb., 1969], No. 4930/70. Heading B8L. In a multi-car elevator control system, the landings are segregated into a plurality of groups to divide the building into zones, each car having an assignment switch which is actuated when the car is located in a zone in which it is the only car present. A zone switch, individual to each zone, is actuated when an assignment switch for a car in that zone is actuated, whereby the response to landing calls registered in that zone is limited to cars located therein. When the assignment switch is unactuated, the car is moved until it is located in a zone in which it is the only car present, so that the cars are distributed into the various zones. An indicator, individual to each zone, is actuated in response to a predetermined level of traffic in the zone to actuate a zone demand switch and bring an outside car toward the zone regardless that the zone switch for that zone is actuated. The actuated zone demand switch prevents movement of a car, whose assignment switch is unactuated, toward any zone other than that associated with the said zone demand switch provided the car is not responding to a car or landing call. A switch in each car enables the car to by-pass calls registered at those landings it encounters in travelling to a zone in response to actuation of a demand switch. A traffic indicator associated with the zone including a main landing comprises load measuring apparatus individual to each car and operating in response to the car leaving the main landing in a given direction, either with a predetermined number of car calls registered therein or carrying a particular load, the main landing zone traffic indicator being actuated when a predetermined number of cars are travelling in that direction with their load measuring apparatus operated and less than a predetermined number of cars are present in the main landing zone. A traffic indicator, for a zone other than the main zone, is actuated when there is a predetermined number of registered landing calls in its respective zone and the absence of a predetermined number of cars, or if the said number of cars is present and there is a greater number of landing calls.
Patent GB-645535-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to insulators
IPC: H01J47/00
Filed: 1949-02-24
Abstract: 645,535. Insulators. CARMICHAEL, H. Feb. 24, 1949, No. 5020. Convention date, June 17, 1948. [Class 36] [Also in Group XXIII] An insulator includes a quartz member having flat, parallel opposite surfaces which are fire polished to present a smooth, dense and coloured surface to enable the quartz member to withstand pressures of the order of 1000 lb. per sq. inch. The insulator housing 1, through which a current conducting bolt 3 passes, is mounted in a wall 2. The bolt is supported by a bushing 4 and insulated therefrom by a quartz tube 5. Two similar quartz rings 7, treated as above, are fitted over the extending ends of the bolt 3 and tube 5. A washer 9 and nut 10 are placed on the outer end of the bolt. Soft metal gaskets 11 are inserted between the rings 7 and the adjacent metal parts, which are preferably provided with grooves 12. By tightening the nut 10 the insulator is rendered vacuum-tight, the quartz rings being able to withstand the pressure thus applied to them by virtue of their previous treatment.
Patent GB-749993-A (GB)
Title: Machinable, high cobalt low carbon alloys for die-casting moulds
Inventor: NELSON JOHN ALFRED
IPC: C22C38/30
Filed: 1952-02-26
Abstract: An alloy steel for making die-casting moulds consists of: ..Si.up to 1 per cent ..Co.12 - 30 per cent ..C.0,02 - 0,1 per cent ..Fe.the balance The steel may also contain one or more of the following: ..Cr.2 - 6 per cent ..Mo.2 - 7 per cent ..W.2 - 7 per cent ..V.0,75 - 2,5 per cent ..Mn.0,2 - 0,4 per cent ..P.up to 0,025 per cent ..S.up to 0,025 per cent with the amount of molybdenum present preferably greater than the amount of tungsten.  A block of the steel may be solution treated by cooling in air from 1600- DEG 2200 DEG F. and aged at 900 DEG -1500 DEG F. for 3 hours and the mould then machined from the block.
Patent GB-242843-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to bread
IPC: A21D13/00
Filed: 1925-02-25
Abstract: 242,843. Price, W. Feb. 25, 1925. Drawings to Specification. Bread.-Loaves of bread are made by moulding to shape one kind of dough and then providing it with an outer layer of another kind of dough which forms the crust when the bread has been baked; in this way use can be made of dark flours, as they can be employed for making the dough which is to form the crust. Fat, milk, or fruit may be introduced into the outer dough, and this dough may be rolled into a thin sheet and cut to the required size by a machine such as that described in Specification 243,645, [Class 141, Wearing-apparel].
Patent GB-285513-A (GB)
Title: Method of and means for electrical resistance welding
IPC: B23K11/24
Filed: 1928-02-18
Abstract: 285,513. Allgemeine Elektricitats- Ges. Feb. 18, 1927, [Convention date]. Systems depending on static transformers.-In resistance welding the preliminary heating is carried out at a high voltage which is reduced to a lower value when the actual welding is to take place. The primary of the welding transformer has tappings connected to a graduated control switch fitted with two contact fingers b, c mechanically connected but electrically insulated from one another and adjustably related so that one always switches on any desired higher stage than the other. When the pedal switch f is closed, the finger b is operative and the work n is subjected to high voltage. On releasing the switch f a circuit through the coil h is momentarily established in virtue of the contact m and the switch g is closed and locks itself in this position, the finger c then becoming operative with consequent reduction of the welding voltage. When welding is complete the transformer current increases sufficiently to close the overload relay l with consequent energization of the coil i to open the switch g. The relay l is constructed with a time lag. The regulating arm of the current transformer k supplying the relay is mechanically coupled to the finger c so that the current supplied to the relay bears a constant relation to the welding current irrespective of the position of the finger b and the welding voltage.
Patent GB-700058-A (GB)
Title: Hardness indenter block
IPC: G01N3/42
Filed: 1952-02-28
Abstract: 700,058. Testing hardness of materials. GRODZINSKI, P. Feb. 28, 1952, No. 5240/52. Addition to 651,800. Class 106 (2) A mounting block for a hardness indenter as described in the parent Specification comprising a diamond or other hard material having a sharp circular edge 16, includes a mount 1, Fig. 4, in which the indenter is set, having a cylindrical face portion 15 opposite and concentric with the edge and resting on faces 19, 20 of a V-block 2, Fig. 6. The line of intersection 23 is parallel to the cylinder axis and, as shown in Fig. 1, the mount 1 is clamped by a screw 5 between a portion of body 3 and a hinged plate 4; the block 2 is accurately located by shoulders 21, 22 in a rectangular recess in the body so that the load is transmitted through the centre of the edge circle to the indenter. A needle 7 screwed into the mount indicates its adjusted angular position against graduations (not shown) on. the side of the body. The body may have a central threaded hole (not shown) for securing it to a holder in a hardness tester.
Patent GB-588684-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to solidified or gelled mineral oils
IPC: C10L7/02
Filed: 1945-03-02
Abstract: Mineral oil or petroleum naphtha is solidified by dispersion throughout the mass of a fatty acid sodium soap and the composition stabilized (i.e. prevented from separating on standing) by the addition of less than 2 per cent of the sodium salt of a sulphonate of a petroleum oil, fat, fatty oil, soap-forming (i.e. higher) fatty acids or fatty alcohols.  Among the most desirable sulphonates are those of castor oil, sperm oil, cod or menhaden oils.  The preferred manner of making the solidified stabilized mineral oil or naphtha consists in adding the sulphonate and the fatty material (i.e., fat, fatty acid, or fatty oil), from which the soap is to be made, to the oil or naphtha to be gelled.  This mixture is then neutralized and saponified by means of caustic soda so that the soap and sodium sulphonate are formed in situ and a very uniform, complete dispersion of these sodium compounds throughout the oil obtained even at a low temperature.  If fatty acids are used as the soap-forming material, they may be partially replaced by wood rosin.  After dispersion, the product is allowed to stand, preferably for several days, to allow the fibrous soap structure slowly to grow, producing a relatively tough stable mixture.  In an example, 4.5 pounds of fatty acids from hydrogenated fish oil, 2.25 pounds of wood rosin, and 0.2 pound of sulphonated sperm oil were dispersed by agitation in 15 gallons of petroleum naphtha, and 2.5 pounds of a 50 per cent aqueous solution of caustic soda stirred in.  On standing for several hours a tough stabilized gel-like mass is formed.
Patent GB-1489101-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing diffusion layers of carbides nitrides and/or carbonitrides
IPC: C23C8/20
Filed: 1975-02-07
Abstract: 1489101 Titanium carbonitride CIBAGEIGY AG 7 Feb 1975 [7 Feb 1974] 5343/75 Heading ClA [Also in Division C7] A process for producing a nitride, carbonitride, and/or carbide diffusion layer on a substrate comprising at least one of iron, boron, silicon or a transition metal of sub groups 4B to 6B of the Periodic Table said process comprising effecting a direct thermal reaction between said substrate and a source of carbon and nitrogen comprising at least one compound of the formula X-C # N or wherein X represents chlorine, an alkyl group with 1-6 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms or groups where R 1  and R 2  each independently represents hydrogen or a C 1-4  alkyl group and m has a value of 4 to 7, an alkenyl group with 2-4 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms or Formula I groups, a cycloalkyl group with 3-6 carbon atoms or aryl group with 6-10 carbon atoms, either of which can be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms, methyl groups or Formula I groups and X 1  represents an alkylene group with 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group with 2-4 carbon atoms, a phenylene or cyclohexylene group, either of which can be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms or Formula I groups or X 1  represents a group of the formula Numerous examples of the compounds are provided the preferred compounds being acetonitrile, propionitrile, acrylonitrile, succinodinitrile, adipodinitrile or tetracyanoethylene which may be reacted with the substrate of powder, fibre, foil, filament or machined article form. The diffusion layers may be obtained using C.V.D. or plasma spraying with an argon carrier gas optionally with hydrogen and atomic or molecular nitrogen and/or carbon obtained by the addition of methane, ethane, n-butane, N-methylamine, N,N-diethylamine, ethylenediamine, benzene and ammonia, the substrate may be pre-treated with methyl ethyl ketone, tetrachloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride or aqueous nitric acid. The production of a titanium carbonitride layer is exemplified.
Patent GB-1349104-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus including a spheroidal radiation reflector pair for heating a sample
IPC: H05B3/00
Filed: 1972-02-04
Abstract: 1349104 Heating device for zone melting NIPPON ELECTRIC CO Ltd 4 Feb 1972 [6 Feb 1971] 5380/72 Heading B1S In an apparatus for producing a single crystal by the floating zone technique the heating is effected by a device comprising a pair of inwardly reflecting, substantially prolate spheroidal surface portions disposed outwardly of each other, and having substantially aligned major axis, means for holding the spheroidal surface portions so that the distance between the axially inwardly located foci of the spheroidal surfaces is less than the dimension of the single crystal in the direction of the aligned major axis, a pair of elongated sources of radiant energy inside each spheroidal surface and means for holding the sources so that the longitudinal axis of the sources are substantially parallel with the aligned major axis and that the centre of each source is displaced from the axial outwardly disposed focus of the associated one of the spheroidal surfaces by less than a quarter of the longitudinal dimension of the source in the direction parallel to the aligned major axis and by less than a half off the transverse dimension of the source in the direction perpendicular to the aligned major axis. The device preferably includes a tube of a refractory material translucent to the radiation energy for accomodating the rod. The tube is perpendicular to the aligned major axis. As shown in the figure, prolate spheroidal surface portions 1 and 1' disposed outwardly of each other have substantially aligned major axes and a common focus F 1 , F 1 '. At the foci F 2  and F 2 ' are two sources 2 and 2' of radiant energy preferably quartz halogen lamps having helically wound tungsten filaments 3 and 3', power supplies 5 and 5' and holding means 4 and 4'. The filaments 3 and 3' are arranged substantially parallel with the aligned major axis and with the centres of 3 and 3' at the respective foci F 2  and F 2 '. A seed crystal 11 is held in chuck 12 attached to shaft 13, and the rod 14 to be treated held by chuck 15 in vertical shaft 16. The molten zone 17 is formed by bringing rod 14 into contact with seed 11 and exciting sources 2 and 2'. The single crystal is then formed in a conventional manner using rotatable and vertically sliding shafts 13 and 16. The apparatus includes a quartz tube 40 accommodating the molten zone 17, and pipes 51, 52, 53, and 54, for ventilating the chamber and ducts 61 and 61' for cooling the reflectors 1 and 1'.
Patent GB-676143-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric discharge lamps
IPC: H01J61/54
Filed: 1950-03-03
Abstract: 676,143. Discharge lamps. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., WEBB, A. A., and BEESON, E. J. G. Feb. 9, 1951. [March 3, 1950], No. 5455/50. Class 39 (i). In a compact source discharge lamp filled with a rare gas at several atmospheres (e.g. xenon at 2-3 atm.), a starting probe 4 adjacent the cathode 3 is sealed into but not through the quartz envelope. Starting is produced by applying a voltage pulse to an external wire loop 5 which possesses a greater capacity to the probe than to the cathode lead. The loop may be replaced by a cap, Fig. 2 (not shown), over the part of the envelope where the probe is located. Electrode spacings and envelope dimensions are given. Specification 545,388 is referred to.
Patent GB-548462-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in gastroscopes and other instruments for examining tubes and cavities in the human and other bodies
IPC: A61B1/12
Filed: 1941-04-28
Abstract: 548,462. Gastroscopes &c. SCHRANZ, R. April 28, 1941. No. 5464. [Class 81 (ii)] A gastroscope or similar instrument for examining tubes and cavities in the human and other bodies and formed with a flexible metal tube containing the necessary lens has the flexing movement of the distal end of the instrument controlled from the eye piece by means of a pair of wires housed in longitudinal passages along the cylindrical wall of the instrument and substantially. diametrically opposite to one another, each wire sufficiently firm to transmit a push or pull movement from end to end and being anchored at or about the distal end and at the other end to suitable operating mechanism carried at or near the eye-piece and constructed to impart a push to either of the wires and simultaneously a pull to the other whereby the distal end of the instrument may be moved to or from the straight axial centre line of the instrument and maintained in the adjusted position As shown the instrument comprises a rigid tube 15 to which the eye-piece is attached, Figs. 1 and 2, joined to the flexible part by a collar 16, Fig. 4, this flexible part consisting of inner and outer spirally wound metal tubes, 1, 5 covered by a rubber sheath 6, Fig. 5, and provided with an outer rubber sheath. the tube 1 has three longitudinal grooves formed on its periphery, two grooves 2, 3 being diametrically opposite one another and the third groove 4 being equidistantly disposed between them ; these grooves are closed by the tube 5 and are continued by passages made by grooving or flatting a tube 20 within the tube 15. Air may be supplied to the space between the sheath 6, 7, for exit through a hole 8 at the distal end of the instrument, from a supply hole 31 in a union 22 leading to a chamber between the tubes 15, 20 formed by the flat 21 on the tube 20 and leading to a hole 19 communicating with the space between the sheaths. The wires 9, 10 for operating the distal end D of the instrument are secured thereto at the points 13, 14 and pass up the grooves 2, 3 to continuing grooves 2a 3a in the tube 20 and which lead to a gear box G where the wires are fastened to racks 32 having gears 34 meshing with wheels 36 on shafts 37 journalled in blocks dovetailed to slide in the gear box to allow for the differential movement of the wires when the end D is flexed. The leads from the lamp 12 in the end D pass up the groove 4 to a continuing groove 4a in the tube 20 and are coiled about the tube 15 before passing out through a hole 28 in the gear box into a bore in the union 22 leading to the air supply bulb 23. Specifications 373,000 and 403,896 are referred to.
Patent GB-127322-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Mechanism Comprising Flexible Endless Supporting and Driving Bands, more particularly for Use in Motor Cars.
Inventor: KEGRESSE ADOLPHE
IPC: B62D55/10
Filed: 1917-04-18
Abstract: 127,322. KÚgresse, A. April 18, 1917. Adhesion, promoting.-An endless track for motor vehicles is driven by friction pulleys, the adhesion of which increases with the load. Two pulleys 9 at each end of the track 57 bear against a wedge-shaped rib 56. A hub 48 carrying one pulley is driven by a chain-wheel 58, and drives a hub 49 carrying the other pulley through the medium of inclined surfaces 54, 55, which tend to force the pulleys towards one another.
Patent GB-824765-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to thermo-nuclear apparatus
Inventor: LINHART JIRI GEORGE
IPC: H05H1/16
Filed: 1955-02-23
Abstract: 824,765. Thermo-nuclear reactors ; highfrequency discharge apparatus. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO. Ltd. Feb. 9, 1956 [Feb. 23, 1955], No. 5479/55. Classes 39(1) and 39(4). A fusion reactor 1 comprises a toroid containing gas ionized by a radio-frequency field and confined to a small cross-section by a static magnetic field. Radio-frequency power fed through couplers 9, 10, is stated to produce excitation in the Eo:o mode and to ionize low pressure Dz and/or Tz in the vicinity of the equator E of the container. The ionized gas is confined by the magnetic field produced by a winding 3 to form a core of lossy material which absorbs the radio-frequency power. The temperature of this core increases until thermal losses balance the power absorbed or fusion occurs. Coolant such as water or liquid barium is circulated through a jacket 2. A power plant comprises a number of reactors so that the transmuted gas can be exchanged in each reactor in turn without interrupting the supply of energy from the plant. Furthermore, reactors may work in cascade so that products from one reaction may be used in the next reactor with different operating conditions.
Patent GB-609752-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for spraying cement or the like
IPC: E04F21/12
Filed: 1946-02-21
Abstract: <PICT:0609752/III/1> Apparatus for spraying cement comprises a conveyer belt 4 which carries dry cement from a hopper 3 to a chamber 7 in which an air jet from a nozzle 13 blows the cement in a cloud through the delivery pipe 14 leading to the spray gun.  The cement on the belt 4 passes through a screen passage formed by a partition 8 adjustable for height.  Specification 549,924, [Group X], is referred to.