baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-418196-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for use in the fermentation of liquids
IPC: C12C11/00
Filed: 1934-06-26
Abstract: 418,196. Fermenting wort &c. LANDOUZY, P., 27, Rue de Wazemmes, Lille, France. June 26, 1934, No. 18868. Convention date, Sept. 30, 1933. [Class 14 (ii).] The fermentation of liquids, especially the musts or worts of beer by the vat-tun process, in which a primary fermentation is carried out in a large-capacity tun while froth mixed with yeast and barm is allowed to rise through an aperture in the top of the tun and overflow into a superimposed shallow vat adapted both to retain impurities and live yeasts and to return must or wort containing live yeast to the bottom of the tun through a pipe connection, is carried out by isolating the tun at a predetermined stage of the fermentation by closing the pipe connection and the aperture through which the froth rises, and conducting the remainder of the fermentation in the isolated tun under temperature and pressure conditions appropriate for causing absorption by the liquor of the carbon dioxide generated. The process may be carried out in the apparatus shown, wherein the vat-tun comprises a lower and upper compartment 1, 2 respectively capable of being put into communication by means of a tubular extension 3 disposed at the top of the lower compartment, and by means of a pipe 4 which returns the decanted wort to the bottom of the same compartment. The pipe 4 is provided with a suitable number of valves 5. A cage 6 serves for filtering the ascending wort. A drawing-off pipe 9 may be provided. The fermentation is terminated by closing the aperture 3 with a cover 10. A cooling coil 11 may be used to assist in causing the absorption of carbon dioxide by the liquor.
Patent GB-716837-A (GB)
Title: Dry seal pressure type gas holder
Inventor: WIGGINS JOHN HENRY
IPC: F17B1/08
Filed: 1952-08-28
Abstract: 716,837. Gas holders. WIGGINS, J. H. Aug. 28, 1952, No. 18882/52. Class 54 A dry seal gas holder in which a vertically movable piston B, Fig. 3, is arranged in a container 9 with a curtain-like fabric seal C within the annular space between the container and the piston is characterized in that a vertically movable back stop structure is provided for the seal, the structure having a fluted, scalloped, sinuousshaped or corrugated surface against which the seal is pressed by the gas when the piston is in certain positions. In the preferred embodiment, the surface is formed by a series of vertical plates 1 of segmental cross-sectional shape which are detachably secured by clamps 6 to annular members 2, Fig. 5, forming part of the piston structure, the seal C being attached by bars 4 and bolts 5 to the lower peripheral portion of the piston and to the container wall. When the piston is lifted by an inflow of gas, the seal is peeled away from the back stop structure and progressively applied to the container wall by the gas pressure.. The sinuous surface of the back stop structure, which has a circumferential length substantially equal to that of the container wall, prevents both circumferential creep and folding of the seal. The peaks of this surface are preferably spaced ten inches apart with a height of one to two inches. To inspect the seal, one of the plates 1 is removed so that each of the remaining plates may be displaced in turn to expose a portion of the seal and then be restored to its original position. The seal may be in two parts C, D, Fig. 6, the part C co-operating with the piston B and a cylindrical surface 14 on an intermediate back stop structure 1a while the part D co-operates with a sinuous outer surface on the latter and the container 9. When the piston ascends, it engages a ring girder 16 and thus lifts the intermediate structure 1a which rests on a support 12 in its lowest position. Specification 641,480 is referred to.
Patent GB-463019-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rangefinders and like instruments
IPC: G01C3/14
Filed: 1936-07-08
Abstract: 463,019. Range - finders. BARR & STROUD, Ltd., and FRENCH, J. W. July 8, 1936, No. 18900. [Class 97 (i)] Range-finders, particularly stereoscopic rangefinders, are provided with means whereby the action of setting the instrument in accordance with the range of the observed object causes the magnification to be varied so that the images are always of a suitable size for observation. As shown, the measuring prism P is displaced along a screw 5 by rotating a hand wheel 6 connected to the screw by gearing 9, 14, 13, 12, and rotation of the wheel is also caused through gearing 9, 10 to rotate a screw 8 carrying a nut 7 on which are mounted the lenses D the axial movement of which effects variation of the magnification. By axially displacing the shaft carrying the pinion 9, this pinion may be caused to engage the pinion 10 only or the pinion 14 only. In another modification provision is made for separate or simultaneous adjustment of the moving parts by connecting them to two of the elements of a differential gear. The magnification may vary directly with the range or in accordance with some function thereof.
Patent GB-778014-A (GB)
Title: A process for alkylating benzene or a mono-alkyl benzene or a mixture thereof in the liquid phase
IPC: C07C15/02
Filed: 1955-06-30
Abstract: Benzene or a mono-alkyl benzene of which the alkyl group contains between one and four carbon atoms is alkylated in the liquid phase by means of an alkene containing between 2 and 4 carbon atoms at a temperature above 160 DEG  C. in the presence of a cracking catalyst having a water content below 3.5 per cent by weight and an L.H.S.V. of at least 3.  A cracking catalyst is defined as a catalyst which may be used in the cracking of petroleum.  This may be a silicate of one or more of the metals aluminium, magnesium, and zirconium, optionally in the presence of smaller quantities of the oxides of calcium, sodium, potassium, and of traces of hydrogen, carbon and sulphur.  Preferred catalysts are those of the aluminium silicate type produced according to the method described in Specification 504,614, [Group III], containing 85-90 per cent of SiO2 and 15-10 per cent of Al2O3.  The catalyst may be surface treated by heating at 600 DEG  C. for 1-24 hours in steam, or at 800 DEG  C. for 1-24 hours in hot air, or in aqueous HF solution at air temperature.  The moisture content of the catalyst is preferably between 0.1 and 0.2 per cent by weight.  In examples, cumene is alkylated with propene according to the invention to give paradi-iso propyl benzene which may be converted to terephthalic acid by the processes of Specifications 737,439, 749,186 and 749,187.
Patent GB-1520227-A (GB)
Title: Oxynitride glass-cermaics
IPC: C03C10/00
Filed: 1977-05-06
Abstract: 1520227 Crystallizable glass CORNING GLASS WORKS 6 May 1977 19063/77 Heading C1M A thermally crystallizable glass comprises, by weight, 40-85% SiO 2 , 2À0-17% N, the said SiO 2  and N constituting at least 50% by weight of the composition, and at least 15% M x O y , wherein M x O y  consists of at least one oxide selected from the alkali metal oxides e.g. Na 2 O, K 2 O, Li 2 O 2 Cs 2 O, the oxides of the elements of groups IIA and II B  of the Periodic table e.g. MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, BeO, ZnO, B 2 O 3  and Al 2 O 3 , the balance, if any, consisting of other compatible constituents. The glass may contain As 2 O 3  and up to 5% by weight of MnO, Y 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , La 2 O 3  and F. The crystallized glass obtained is opaque and may be prepared by exposing a body of the crystallizable glass to a temperature of 750-850‹ C. for 1-8 hours and then to a temperature of 900-1300‹C for 2-10 hours.
Patent GB-773961-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to halophosphate phosphors
IPC: C09K11/76
Filed: 1954-06-29
Abstract: 773,961. Luminescent materials. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. June 29, 1954 [July 6, 1953], No. 19072/54. Drawings to Specification. Class 39(1). An activated fluorophosphate phosphor of apatite composition corresponds to the formula 3 CA3(PO4)2. x(CaF2 + RF), where R is an activator metal consisting of Sb alone or a mixture of Sb with Mn, and x is a number from 0À7 to 0À95. The phosphor may be prepared by the method described in Specification 773,960 in which various halophosphates of apatite composition are individually prepared at temperatures substantially lower than those required to form the phosphor, and these preformed apatites are then mixed and fired at a temperature in the approximate range of 1100‹- 1300‹C. to form the phosphor. For example calcium fluor apatite, manganese fluor apatite and antimony fluor apatite may be individually prepared and then mixed and fired to provide a calcium fluorophosphate phosphor activated by manganese and antimony. Alternatively, the phosphor may be prepared by mixing compounds of all the ingredients, for example calcium acid phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium fluoride, manganese carbonate and antimony oxide and firing at a temperature of about 1100‹-1300‹C. In either method the metal halide component must be restricted to the critical range which is less than one mole per three moles of the tri-calcium orthophosphate component. A number of curves are given showing the effect on the emission of the phosphors of varying the fluoride content.
Patent GB-934710-A (GB)
Title: New steroid compounds and processes for their production and conversion into substituted corticosteroids
IPC: C07J5/00
Filed: 1959-12-08
Abstract: The invention comprises: (a) 17a -hydroxy-16a -methylpregnane-3,11,20-trione; (b) 17a -hydroxy-16a -methylpregna- 1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione; (c) 11b ,17a -dihydroxy-16a -methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione; (d) the preparation of these compounds by oxidizing 3a ,17a -dihydroxy-16a -methylpregnane-11,20-dione to form (a), and, if desired, introducing double bonds at the 1- and 4-positions (e.g. by bromination and dehydrobromination) to form (b), and further, if desired, protecting the 3- and 20-keto groups (e.g. by formation of the 3,20-disemicarbazone), reducing the 11-keto group, and reliberating the 3- and 20-keto groups to form (c); (e) the combination of the process or processes of (d) with the preparation of the starting material by reacting 3a -acetoxypregn- 16-ene- 11,20-dione with methyl magnesium iodide, forming the 17,20-epoxy derivative and saponifying this so as to introduce a 17-hydroxy substituent and deacylate the acetoxy group; and (f) the conversion of compound (c) to 9a -fluoro-11b , 17a ,21- trihydroxy- 16a -methylpregna- 1,4-diene-3,20-dione or 9a -fluoro-11b ,17a -dihydroxy- 16a -methylpregna- 1,4-dine- 3,11, 20-trione by the appropriate steps of the process of Specification 934,701.  Specifications 807,203, 832,244 and 934,711 also are referred to.
Patent GB-973137-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to reactor cores provided with rods of fissionable material and supporting lattices for said rods
IPC: G21C3/356
Filed: 1963-05-14
Abstract: 973,137. Reactors. REACTOR CENTRUM NEDERLAND. May 14, 1963 [May 25,1962], No. 19130/63. Addition to 972,101. Heading G6C. The improvement over the parent Specification resides in making provision for inserting the lattices over a bundle of fuel rods without the resilient spacer means scuffing the fuel rod surfaces, this being achieved by placing the resilient spacers of a given lattice in two parallel planes so that, as indicated in Fig. 3, the lattice throughspaces are of a maximum area at an angle to the lattice perpendicular. When the lattice has been positioned, it is tilted to become perpendicular to the fuel rods, the resilient spacer means thereby being brought into forcible contact with the fuel rods. In order to prevent the couple resulting from the arrangement of the spacers causing the lattice to tilt back to the maximum through space position, two mirror image lattices may be positioned and then welded together.
Patent GB-183449-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to devices for pressing belts against driving pulleys
IPC: F16H7/08
Filed: 1922-07-12
Abstract: 183,449. Held, E. July 19, 1921, [Convention date]. Belts c for motor-cycles &c. carry a circumferential series of rings e in one or more lines side by side and secured by clamps f, endless elastic members d in tension, such as coiled spiral springs, being passed through the rings to encircle the active belt parts and press it against, the pulleys.
Patent GB-586611-A (GB)
Title: An improved sausage filling machine
IPC: A22C11/04
Filed: 1944-10-07
Abstract: 586,611. Sausage fillers. FENNER, T. Oct. 7, 1944, No. 19268. [Class 28 (ii)] In a sausage-filling machine comprising an extruding cylinder 1 and a ram 3 driven by an electric motor 7 and having reversing means such as a hand-operated switch 10 to reverse the motor and so withdraw the ram, a limit stop switch 11 is provided, operated at each end of the stroke by a spring member 12 on the rack. The motor drives a two-speed gear box 8 which has a bottom gear for filling sausages and a middle gear for polonies and also has a highspeed reverse drive. The drive is communicated through a chain or gears to the rack and pinion 45. A foot-operated stop and start switch 13 and a push button stop switch 14 are also provided. The cylinder can be rotated vertically to filling position on its trunnions 6.
Patent GB-495583-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gauge bandage and process of producing the same
Filed: 1937-07-12
Abstract: 495,583. Coated fabrics ; coating webs. HINKAMP, J. A., and BRASEL, H. R. July 12, 1937, No. 19275. Convention date, July 13, 1936. [Class 140] A soft, flexible, self-adhering, porous gauze bandage is made by applying rubber latex to gauze, treating with acid to coagulate the latex and washing with water to remove excess acid and most of the proteins. A coloured product may be obtained by using coloured gauze or adding colour to the latex. A web of bleached surgical gauze 12 is led from a roll 10 into a tank 13 containing latex of 60 per cent rubber content, around an immersed roll 14, and emerges between rubber squeeze rolls 15, from which it passes into a tank 16 containing a heated 0À06 per cent solution of acetic acid and under an immersed roll 18. In order to avoid scum formation due to neutralization of the ammonia in the latex by the acid bath, a blast of air from a fan 20 is directed against the web to carry off the ammonia. Alternatively baffles 33 may be provided to confine any scum produced. Excess acid is removed by squeeze rolls 19, and the gauze passes into a third tank 21, through which heated water continuously circulates, under spaced rolls 25, 26. On leaving, the gauze is sprayed with water from perforated pipes 28, smoothed by a curved blade 32, and again squeezed by a pair of rubber rolls 29. A second rinsing tank or antiseptic bath may be added after the tank 21.
Patent GB-614064-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the construction of seats
IPC: A47C5/10
Filed: 1946-06-28
Abstract: 614,064. Seats; securing upholstery. MARSHALL, J. E. L. June 28, 1946, No. 19320. [Classes 52 (ii) and 52 (iv)] A chair or settee comprises a base having a support for a cushion, armrests detachably connected to the base and a seat back detachably connected to the arm rests and adapted to hold them in position. As shown a base 1 of rectangular formation is supported by two U-shaped members 2, 3 which rest on the floor. The armrests 6, 7 comprising framings adapted to rest on the base 1, spigots 4, 5 on the base 1 engaging sockets in the armrest frames which at the rear are provided with caps or skirts 8, 9 fitting on the rear ends of the U-shaped members 2, 3 or spigots and sockets similar to those employed at the front of the frames may be employed. The rear upper ends of the arm rests 6, 7 are provided with spigots 14, 15 which engage sockets on the back rest frame which comprises two opposed U- shaped frames 12, 13 suitably secured together. The seat supporting surface may comprise a series of parallel helical springs attached at their ends to the base frame 1. The arm rests 6, 7 and the U-shaped members 2, 3 may be provided with metal channels 18, 19 to contain tacking strips for the securement of the upholstery.
Patent GB-1383383-A (GB)
Title: Aluminium etchant
IPC: C23F1/36
Filed: 1972-04-26
Abstract: 1383383 Etching DIVERSEY DEVELOPMENT Ltd 3 April 1973 [26 April 1972] 19323/72 Heading B6J Aluminium or aluminium alloys are etched with an etchant comprising (A) an aqueous alkali solution containing 3À5-200 grams per litre of alkali metal (e.g. sodium, potassium or lithium), hydroxide, (B) a chelating agent ranging in amount from 2% of the hydroxide to 40 grams per litre (e.g. sodium gluconate, sorbitol, mannitol or tannic acid), (C) a nitrate or nitrite in an amount exceeding 0À5% of the hydroxide (e.g. sodium nitrate or nitrate), and (D) a fluoroalkyl surfactant or combination of such surfactants in an amount from 10 p.p.m. (e.g. an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a perfluoralkyl acid, the perfluoralkyl radical having 4-16 carbon atoms). The etchant may also comprise sodium thiosulphate, phosphates, and fluorides.
Patent GB-747946-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of electrolytic capacitors
IPC: H01G9/00
Filed: 1954-07-02
Abstract: 747,946. Electrolytic capacitors; anodizing aluminium and tantalum. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. July 2,1954 [July 8, 1953; July 16, 1953], No. 19437/54. Classes 37 and 41. In the manufacture of electrolytic capacitors, an ion exchanger is associated with the electrolyte in which the electrodes are formed. In the case where forming takes place before the assembly of the capacitor, the electrolyte in which the forming is carried out is circulated continuously or passed at intervals through a column containing an ion exchanger. In the case where one or both electrodes are formed after winding of the capacitor, finely divided ion exchanger, preferably comprising particles of colloidal size, is added to the impregnating electrolyte which is contained in a spacing material separating the electrodes. The ion exchanger acts to remove contaminating ions, such as halogen or sulphate ions, which might otherwise act to prevent satisfactory forming or to reduce the life of the capacitor, from the electrolyte. The electrode materials may be either aluminium or tantalum-and the invention is applicable to capacitors wherein either one or both electrodes are formed.
Patent GB-377403-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to annular mandrels or cores for use in moulding operations
IPC: B29D23/24
Filed: 1931-07-06
Abstract: 377,403. Moulding and vulcanizing wheel tyres &c. MORGAN & WRIGHT, Belleview Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Abbott, A. O. ; 6300, East Jefferson Avenue, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.) July 6, 1931, No. 19471. Convention date, July 11,1930. [Classes 70 and 87 (ii).] A hollow annular core for manufacturing tyres by dipping, comprises arcuate sections movable relatively to one another and having joining faces on a bias or non-radially to the body of the annulus and a hollow radial locking-pin passing through the abutting faces and projecting inwards from the inner periphery of the core, to provide a fluid passage to the interior. In one construction two members 10, 11 hinged together at 22 are controlled by a spring-actuated arm 15 so that the free ends tend to spring apart. Apertured bosses 32, 33 are formed near the free ends to receive a screwed sleeve 33a surrounding a screwed hollow connecting pin 38. By connecting the aperture 37 in the sleeve to a suitable suctionapparatus, the interior of the core may be subjected to a vacuum through the channels 47, 48, 39, 40. The core, which is provided with a knurled surface and with small holes 12, is covered with fabric 50 and in operation is dipped into a solution of clay or chalk while suction is applied on the inside and later on is dipped into latex or the like either with or without suction being applied. The formed tube subsequently is vulcanized on the core. To remove the tube the pin 38 is taken out, causing the ends to spring apart, as shown in Fig. 3, and giving access to the nut 34 for removal of the sleeve 33a. The hole in the tube, which surrounded the sleeve, then is stretched over the end of the member 10 and the whole tube drawn longitudinally off the core with the aid of a pneumatic pressure appliance inserted at the point 56 between the tube and core to expand the tube. The hole, after removal, is ready for the attachment of the valve. Continuity of the periphery of the core at the hinge 22 is secured by inter-engaging projections and recesses. In a modified construction suitable for small tyres the core is made of flexible material so that it can be bent as shown in Fig. 12 to allow the pin 38 to be removed. No hinge is employed in this construction.
Patent GB-1381412-A (GB)
Title: Method for loading resin beads
IPC: C01B31/30
Filed: 1973-04-24
Abstract: 1381412 Uranium oxide or carbide microspheres UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION 24 April 1973 [16 May 1972] 19476/73 Heading C1A [Also in Division C3] Microspheres of uranium oxide or carbide may be produced by heat treatment of a uranium-loaded cation exchange resin prepared by contacting the hydrogen form of the resin with a solution obtained by dissolving UO 3  into a uranyl nitrate solution in such amount that the molar ratio of UO 2 <SP>++</SP> to NO 3 - is greater than 0À5, and maintaining said ratio until ion exchange is complete, e.g. by further addition of powdered UO 3  to the solution. The resins used are sulphonated polystyrene, sulphonated styrene/divinyl benzene copolymer, polyacrylic acid, and acrylic or methacrylic acid/divinyl benzene copolymer.
Patent GB-1486506-A (GB)
Title: Photon-transparent alpha-radiation source
IPC: G21G4/06
Filed: 1975-05-09
Abstract: 1486506 Fluorescence analysis COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 9 May 1975 [10 May 1974] 19543/75 Heading G1A [Also in Division G6] A device for measuring fluorescent deposits includes a photo-multiplier 5, the photo cathode 6 of which is in contact with the inactive face of a photon-transparent alpha-radiation source 4 comprising a glass substrate carrying a thin film of alpha-emissive substance covered by a glass layer, see Division G6, and means to slide in a plate 7 carrying the fluorescent deposit to be measured; photons produced by the action of the alpharadiation on the fluorescent deposit are measured using the photo-multiplier.
Patent GB-121129-A (GB)
Title: Improved Friction Gear for Increasing or Reducing Speed.
Inventor: MORISON GEORGE SMITH
IPC: F16H13/02
Filed: 1918-11-27
Abstract: 121,129. Morison, G. S. Nov. 16, 1917, [Convention date]. Friction gearing.-A gearing for multiplying or reducing speed comprises three or more friction wheels b, graduated in size, in an eccentric space between a shaft a<1> and a ring c, one of which is the driving and the other the driven element. The wheels b, which bear on the shaft a<1> and in a groove c<1> in the ring c, are carried by adjustable bearings linked together by links d, and the links may be automatically adjustable by wheels b<2> mounted in the framing or by fixed rollers which bear on projections on the links. In action, the wheels b tend to wedge into the eccentric space. The contact surfaces between the parts may be convex and grooved, and the wheels b may be stepped, the larger diameter bearing on the shaft a<1>, and the smaller diameter bearing on the ring c. The ring c may be a pulley or gearwheel.