Patent GB-876226-A (GB)
Title: Coating compositions for fibrous materials
IPC: D06M13/02
Filed: 1958-06-09
Abstract: A composition for coating a flexible fibrous base comprises (1) a plasticized polyvinyl acetate resin emulsion and (2) a wax emulsion containing an emulsifier which is stable under mildly acid conditions, the composition containing 3-12 parts by weight of resin solids per part of wax.  The resin of component (1) may be a homopolymer or a copolymer of vinyl acetate.  If the resin is a homopolymer, component (1) must also include a plasticizer, specified plasticizers being dibutyl phthalate, hexylene glycol, dioctyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, dibutyl itaconate, diethyl phthalate, ethyl glycollate, methyl phthalate ethyl glycollate and butyl phthalate butyl glycollate.  If the resin is a copolymer it may be internally plasticized, suitable monomers for forming such copolymers being dibutyl maleate, dibutyl fumarate, dioctyl fumarate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and vinyl stearate.  Cross-linked polymers of vinyl acetate may also be used, e.g. copolymers of vinyl acetate with up to about 1% by weight of triallyl cyanurate, divinyl diethoxy silane or diallyl phthalate, but in this case component (1) should also include a plasticizer.  Component (1) may also contain a protective colloid, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylic or polymethacrylic acid or an alkali-metal salt thereof, gelatin, lecithin, gum ghatti, tragacanth, gum arabic or gum karaya, and an emulsifier, e.g. an ethylene oxide-octyl phenol condensation product, lauryl sulphate, sulphated isobutyl oleate or sodium sulphodioctyl succinate.  Suitable waxes for making component (2) are spermaceti, carnauba, curicuri, candelilla, Japan wax, sugarcane wax, montan wax, ceresine, paraffin waxes from lignite and petroleum, and synthetic waxes, e.g. hydrogenated castor wax, hydrogenated cotton-seed, soya or corn oil, and polyethylenes. Suitable emulsifiers, stable under mildly acid conditions, for inclusion in component (2) are the monolaurates, mono-oleates and monostearates of hexitol anhydrides and their polyoxyethylene derivatives, e.g. polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, sulphated isobutyl oleate, sodium sulphodioctyl succinate, an ethylene oxide-octyl phenol condensation product, sodium lignosulphonate, the sodium salt of a formaldehyde-naphthalene sulphonic acid condensation product, and lauryl sulphate.  Component (2) may also contain a protective colloid, as specified above.  A pigment, e.g. calcium carbonate or titanium dioxide, may be added to the mixture of components (1) and (2).  Specific compositions are formulated in the examples.  The compositions may be applied to paper, paper-board, wool, cotton, linen, viscose and acetate rayon, glass, nylon, "Dacron" (Registered Trade Mark), "Orlon" (Registered Trade Mark), "Dynel" (Registered Trade Mark), "Masslinn" (Registered Trade Mark) and "Cellophane" (Registered Trade Mark) to give flexible, non-blocking, water-repellant and grease-proof coatings. Textiles coated with the compositions become firm to the touch and may acquire a glaze when calendered.