Patent GB-1000064-A (GB)
Title: Colour television receiver
IPC: H04N9/27
Filed: 1962-11-19
Abstract: 1,000,064. Colour television receivers. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. Nov. 19, 1962 [Nov. 20, 1961], No. 43714/62. Heading H4F. The invention is concerned with the problem of D.C. restoration in a colour television receiver having a cathode-ray tube of the type in which the screen emits colour dependent upon the velocities of the exciting electrons impinging thereon from a plurality of electron guns, the cathodes of which are maintained at different potentials. Separate D.C. restorers are provided between the cathode of each gun and its associated control electrodes, the restorers being switched by variable amplitude pulses derived from an auxiliary source which pulses additionally control the brightness by way of adjustable amplitude line and frame blanking pulses which are added to the video signal. As shown in block form in Fig. 1 the video and synch. portion of the received composite signal is simultaneously applied to a plurality of circuits 28, 30, 32. The circuit 28 separates the chrominance sub-carrier signal which is then demodulated to produce " X " and " Y " colour components which are matrixed with the brightness signal in conventional manner in circuit 46. The brightness signal is obtained through first and second luminance amplifiers 30, 42. Circuit 32 separates the synch. pulses and in addition to these controlling the deflection coils 34, 92 they are also used to generate positive and negative pulses each derived from the horizontal flyback pulse. The negative pulse (at the terminal 104) controls the D.C. restorers 84, 86, 88 and in addition controls the brightness by way of circuit 90 which causes horizontal blanking pulses of adjustable amplitude to be added to the video signal in amplifier 30. Vertical blanking pulses are added via terminal 99. The positive pulse controls the screen rectifiers 78, 80, 82 which in turn supply the screen electrodes 56c, 58c, 60c. A further pulse derived from the synch. separator 32 triggers a high voltage generator 76 which produces the various voltages for the cathode-ray tube 36. As shown in the detailed circuitry of Fig. 2, video signals derived from the video amplifier of Fig. 1 are applied at the terminal 94 to the grid of the first luminance amplifier 96 together with the negative pulses derived at the terminal 104 from the horizontal flyback pulses. The negative pulses are, however, first passed through the neon tube 106 to prevent noise pick-up and are then added in the potential divider 110 (which comprises the brightness control on the receiver 1 to a pro-selected D.C. component. This arrangement ensures that the valve 96 is always driven well into the cut-off region (Fig. 3, a, b, c, and Fig. 4, not shown) during the blanking interval to provide a horizontal retrace blanking pulse in the luminance signal to eliminate noise on the received signal and to prevent brightening of the receiver screen during flyback. Similarly, vertical retrace blanking pulses are produced from the positive pulses derived from the vertical deflection coils applied to the cathode of the amplifier 96 via terminal 99. The modified luminance signal is applied to the second amplifier 114, the potential divider 118 acting as a " contrast " control for the receiver and is then applied in pre-selected portions to the three matrix amplifiers 146, 148, 150. The derived " X " and " Y " colour components of the received signal are applied at the terminals 186 and 188 respectively. Feedback of the colour signals B, G, R appearing at the anodes of the valves 146, 148, 150 to the anode of the luminance amplifier 114 is prevented by the isolating resistors 152, 156 and 160. The derived colour signals B, G, R are applied to the control electrodes of the respective guns 56, 58 and 60 through capacitors 48, 50 and 52. Connected between each control grid, for example 56b, and the cathode, for example 56a, is a D.C. restoring circuit comprising a diode 84a triggered by negative keying pulses from the terminal 104 to clamp the negative peaks of the blanking pulses in the signal applied to the control electrode 56b at a particular level with respect to the cathode. The level at which the diode clamps is determined by the potential divider 84d which is pre-set and the brightness of the picture is determined by the amplitudes of the blanking pulses relative to the characteristics of the gun, this amplitude being controlled by the previously mentioned potential divider 110. Thus at low amplitudes the blue signal is nearer the gun cut-off voltage than at high amplitudes resulting in a less bright picture. 78, 80 and 82 comprise the rectifier circuits for devising the screen voltages for the tube. An alternative restoring circuit comprising two diodes is also disclosed (Fig. 5, not shown). In this arrangement one diode is arranged to restore the blanking pulses to their correct level if they are too positive and the other diode restores the pulses if they are too negative. Provision is also made for adjusting the amplitudes of the screen voltages produced by rectifiers 78, 80, 82.