Patent GB-500034-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of capillary-active compounds
IPC: D06M13/438
Filed: 1937-04-27
Abstract: 500,034. Wetting &c. agents; making emulsions. GROVES, W. W. (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.) April 27, 1937, No. 30007/38. Divided out of 499,879. Samples furnished. [Classes 2 (iii) and 15 (ii)] [Also in Group III] Products stated to have wetting, levelling and emulsifying properties, suitable for use, e.g. in mercerizing and dyeing in the textile, leather and paper industries are prepared by treating with an alkali sulphite, compounds having the formula RXR1XR2 wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkaryl or aralkyl radicles which together do not contain more than 24 carbon atoms but contain in each radicle at least one aliphatic chain of 3 or more carbon atoms, X is a sulphonamide group, a urethane group'or a urea group and R1 is an aliphatic radicle carrying at least one halogen atom. According to a modification, the said starting materials may be treated with an amine and, if necessary, the resulting amino compounds reacted with alkylating and/or acylating agents which either contain, or react with the starting materials to form, groups which impart solubility to the products. Groups which cause solubility are the sulphuric acid ester and other inorganic polybasic acid ester groups, the sulphonic, carboxylic, quaternary ammonium, betaine, oxyalkyl and poly (oxyalkyl) groups. Thus the amino compounds, if necessary may be converted into sulphamino compounds by treatment with sulphurtrioxide or chlorsulphonic acid or they may be converted into quaternary ammonium compounds. They may also be reacted with (a) halogenalkyl or halogenaralkylsulpnonic acids ; (b) polycarboxylic acid anhydrides, e.g. anhydrides of succinic, maleic, phthalic, diglycollic and thiodiglycollic acids ; (c) alkyleneoxides ; (d) halogencarboxylic and sulphonic acids followed if desired by conversion into betaines ; (e) with aminoacids, hydroxy acids, polyhydroxy compounds or aminopolyhydroxy compounds after conversion of the amino group into the corresponding carbamic acid chloride. Starting materials containing two sulphonamide groups are prepared by reacting aliphatic halogen disulphonic acids or halides thereof, e.g. #-chlorpropane-alpha : gamma-disulphonic acid with amines such as butylamine, oetylamine, dodecylmethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, octylaniline, and amines derived from naphthenic and resinic acids. Polyaminoalkylhalides, e.g. alpha : gammadimethylamino-#-chlorpropane may be reacted with sulphonic acids such as butylsulphonic acid, hexyltoluenesulphonic acid and isododecylbenzenesulphonic acids. Starting materials containing two urea groups are prepared by condensing polyaminohalogen compounds with isocyanates or carbamic acid chlorides of amines. Alternatively the amines may be reacted with the isocyanates or carbamic acid chlorides of the polyaminohalogen compounds. Starting materials containing two urethane groups are prepared by treating polyhydroxyalkylhalides, e.g. glycerinchlorhydrin with the carbamic acid chlorides or isocyanates of amines. The products may be employed in association with soap, mucilage, glue, soluble cellulose derivatives, starch, bentonite, butanol, xylenylglycol, Glauber's salt, soda, sodium pyro and meta phosphates, trisodium phosphate, sodium perborate and sodium hypochlorite. Samples have been furnished under Sect. 2 (5) of products prepared as follows: (1) the diurethane obtained from glycerolbromhydrin and butylisocyanate is treated with sodium sulphite; (2) the diurea obtained from 1 : 3- diamino 2-hydroxypropane and alpha-ethylhexylisocyanate is transformed into the corresponding bromide and the latter converted into a betaine by treating with dimethylamine and brom and chloracetic acid ethylester followed by saponification ; (3) the disulphonamide obtained from n-octylsulphochloride and 1 : 3-diamino-2. hydroxypropane is converted into the corresponding bromide and then treated with potassium sulphite.