baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-469158-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of valuable hydrocarbon products, in particular high boiling oils, from asphaltic substances by catalytic destructive hydrogenation
IPC: C10G1/00
Filed: 1936-06-26
Abstract: Asphaltic substances separated from carbonaceous materials by treating the latter with solvents comprising aliphatic hydrocarbons of low boiling point, e.g. liquefied propane, butane, pentanes, hexanes, or gasoline fractions or low boiling range, are converted into valuable products by destructive hydrogenation in presence of catalysts comprising halogens, hydrogen halides, or substances splitting off halogen or halogen halides under the reaction conditions, e.g. halides of solid metalloids, organic halides or ammonium chloride.  Other catalysts may be added, e.g. oxides or sulphides of Groups 5--8 with or without carriers, e.g. coke silica gel, magnesia, bentonite, &c., activated by steam or hydrochloric acid.  A mixture of asphaltic resins and asphalt is precipitated from German crude mineral oil by addition of five volumes of liquefied propane.  The separated precipitate is heated in a rotary autoclave at 425 DEG  C. for 90 mins. with hydrogen under a pressure of 110 atmos. in presence of 1 per cent small coke activated with steam and 1,15 per cent ammonium chloride.  A product is obtained 15 per cent of which is a fraction distilling up to 300 DEG  C. while the remainder is a heavy oil containing only 4 per cent asphalt.
Patent GB-313409-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of aluminium oxide
IPC: C01F7/40
Filed: 1929-06-10
Abstract: 313,409. Vereinigte Aluminium- Werke Akt.-Ges. June 9, 1928, [Convention date]. Aluminium oxide.-The molten slag consisting largely of aluminium sulphide obtained by subjecting a mixture of bauxite and a sulphur containing material such as pyrites to a reducing smelting process, for instance with coal, is chilled before its solidification, as by a current of gas or steam or by being passed into water or being delivered on to a cooled or moving iron plate or into a cooled rotating drum or into a liquid metal, such as aluminium, of lower specific gravity than the melt. By this means the oxide is obtained in a fine state of division.
Patent GB-443679-A (GB)
Title: A process for manufacturing drying oils
IPC: C08F240/00
Filed: 1935-06-20
Abstract: Drying-oils are obtained by treating a liquid product of vapour-phase cracking, having considerable di-alkene content, with a small quantity such as 1 per cent or less of aluminium chloride or like halogenide at a moderate temperature preferably not above 70 DEG  C., for instance at room temperature.  The reaction product usually forms two layers, the majority of the drying oil being in the upper layer. The upper layer, if desired after treatment with dilute acid, dilute lye, or water, is concentrated by distillation, which may be under reduced pressure until a product of the desired concentration is obtained.  This concentration may be carried far enough to produce a very viscous oil, which can be brought to a desired degree of fluidity by dilution with a solvent.  In an example the raw material is treated with 1 per cent of aluminium chloride at room temperature for 5 hours with stirring.  The upper layer is washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and then with water and distilled at normal pressure until constituents boiling up to 220 DEG  C. have been removed.  The lower layer or sludge, after treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid and water, and vacuum distillation also yields a residue of drying oil.  The drying oil is suitable for the manufacture of lacquers either alone or together with natural drying oils.  The drying proceeds in a similar manner, decrease of weight first occurring owing to the evaporation of the lacquer solvent, and then increase of weight owing to oxidation.ALSO:Drying-oils are obtained by treating a liquid product of vapour-phase cracking, having considerable di-alkene content with a small quantity, such as 1 per cent or less, of aluminium chloride or like halogenide at a moderate temperature, preferably not above 70 DEG  C., for instance at room temperature.  The reaction product usually forms two layers, the majority of the drying oil being in the upper layer.  The upper layer, if desired after treatment with dilute acid, dilute lye, or water, is concentrated by distillation, which may be under reduced pressure, until a product of the desired concentration is obtained. This concentration may be carried far enough to produce a very viscous oil, which can be brought to a desired degree of fluidity by dilution with a solvent.  In an example the raw material is treated with 1 per cent of aluminium chloride at room temperature for 5 hours with stirring.  The upper layer is washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and then with water and distilled at normal pressure until constituents boiling up to 220 DEG  C. have been removed.  The lower layer or sludge, after treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid and water, and vacuum distillation, also yields a residue of drying oil. The drying oil is suitable for the manufacture of lacquers either alone or together with natural drying oils.  The drying proceeds in a similar manner, decrease of weight first occurring owing to the evaporation of the lacquer solvent, and then increase of weight owing to oxidation.
Patent GB-743283-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to quick release latches
IPC: A44B11/25
Filed: 1953-06-26
Abstract: 743,283. Catches. HARLEY, F. B. June 10, 1954 [June 26, 1953], No. 17839/53. Class 44. A quick-release latch of the type comprising a body portion for releasably retaining a subsidiary portion comprising a plate with a hole in it or the equivalent, the body portion having in it a deep flat recess to receive the plate, a bolt to extend through the hole in the plate in a direction substantially at right angles to it and means for withdrawing the bolt against the action of a spring, includes also a catch arranged to hold the bolt in its retracted position but to be released by insertion of the plate. As applied to the strap fastening disclosed in Specification 738,989, in which the ends of a strap are secured respectively to a buckle part 12, 16, 22 and a plate 34 and in which the plate 34 is releasably retained in a block portion of a main anchorage 11 by a spring loaded bolt 38 which is retractable from a hole in the plate 34 by rotation of an operating member 43, an L- shaped spring-loaded pin 45 is located in a bore 44 formed in the block, and projects into a hole or under a shoulder on the bolt 38 when the latter is retracted. The short limb 47 of the pin 45 is engageable by the plate 34, when the latter is inserted into the block, to disengage the pin from the bolt.
Patent GB-403662-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to traffic controlling apparatus for railways and the like
IPC: B61L23/24
Filed: 1932-06-24
Abstract: 403,662. Staff and like railway-traffic controlling systems. KERSHAW, A. G., and WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SAXBY SIGNAL CO., Ltd., 82, York Road, King's Cross, London. June 24, 1932, No. 17896. [Class 105.] A token system for long and short section working has instruments AX, AZ at the ends of the long section X-Z together with instruments for each short section and the adjacent short section instruments at an intermediate point such as Y are provided with mechanical key locks whereby a long section key L can only be obtained if one short section instrument is locked at normal, whereupon this key L can be inserted in the other short section instrument and when this other instrument is then put to normal a contact 15 is closed in the long section transmission line 1 to permit long section working. Fig. 1 shows the apparatus arranged for short section working, long section working being impossible on account of the line 1 being open at 15 by reason of the long section key L not being in the instrument CY and also because the long section instrument AZ has been locked at normal by the removal of a key T. Tokens for the short section X-Y are obtained by co-operation of the instruments BX, BY, the instrument BY being free for operation by reason of a short section key S being inserted. Similarly tokens for the short section Y-Z are obtained by co-operation of the instruments CY, CZ, the instrument CY always being free for operation and the instrument CZ being free by reason of the key T being inserted. To change to long section working the key S (withdrawable only when instrument BY is at normal and thereupon locking that instrument at normal) is withdrawn and used to retract a locking bolt 11 of a king lever 8 which lever can then be moved over and locked by the key L shooting a bolt 12, the key L thus being rendered free. The key L can only be inserted in instrument CY when this instrument is at reverse. Accordingly, permission for removal of a token for section YZ having been given from instrument CZ, the key L can be inserted in instrument CY and the token is then reinserted to put the instruments CY, CZ normal. The key T can now be withdrawn from instrument CZ and inserted in long section instrument AZ, the instrument CZ being thus locked at normal and the instrument AZ being freed. The instrument CY being at normal and having the key L therein closes the contact 15 so that long section working is now possible by the co-operation of instruments AX, AZ. Fig. 3 shows the apparatus so arranged for long section working. Short section working is now impossible by reason of the key S, retained in the king lever lock, not being available to free the instrument BY and by reason of the instrument CZ being locked at normal by the key T having been withdrawn. The king lever 8 in its two end positions locks the signals and points for the long and short workings but permits the change over of the signals and points when in its mid-position.
Patent GB-738222-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to circuits for the supply of direct current from an alternating current source
IPC: H02M7/06
Filed: 1953-06-29
Abstract: 738,222. Rectifying. WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO., Ltd., and NEWMAN, R. A. A. June 11, 1954 [June 29, 1953], No. 17933/53. Class 38 (2). A circuit by which a load 5 is supplied with D.C. from an A.C. source through a rectifier 3 controlled by a self-excited transductor 4, includes an inductive winding 6 having a tapping 7 dividing the winding into a first part A connected in series with the load and a second part B connected in series with a half-wave rectifier 8 across' the output of the rectifier 3, rectifier 8 being so poled as to be normally under reverse stress. Each periodical reduction in the value of the load current, develops a voltage in part A, and consequently in part B, the latter voltage causing a flow of circulating current through the load 5 and rectifier 8, which occurs earlier than when rectifier 8 is connected directly across the load circuit. Variation of current in the transductor causing instability by excessive self-excitation is thus avoided. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), the controlled rectifier 3 is a booster rectifier connected in series with a main rectifier, both rectifiers being supplied from a three-phase source.
Patent GB-729864-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a method of and apparatus for making a riveted structure
Inventor: SCHMIDT OTTMAR EMIL
IPC: B21D53/30
Filed: 1953-06-29
Abstract: 729,864. Making wheels. BUDD CO. June 29,1953, No. 17944/53. Classes 83 (2) and 83 (4). Stamping; shearing; riveting.-A method of securing together two juxtaposed face-engaging sheet-metal members, such as a peripherally flanged disc wheel body force-fitted to a wheel rim, comprises forming a round-ended hollow projection on one member and forcing it during formation against the other member while supporting the opposite surface of the other member completely around the projection engaging zone to force out a slug and form a hole in the other member and to force the hollow projection through the hole until the end of the projection extends beyond the plane of said opposite surface. The juxtaposed tightly interfitted peripheral flange 10 of a wheel disc D and the interior axially extending portion 11 of a rim R are subjected to the action of a punch 12 having a rounded projection 12a which co-operates with a hollow die 13 having an annular projection 13a which forms an annular depression in the rim portion 11 (Fig. 4). The punch forms a hollow projection 10a in the wheel flange and forces a slug 11b out of the rim portion 11 the hollow projection being forced through the hole 11c until its sides almost engage the annular die projection 13a. The hole 11c is rounded at its inner end adjacent the wheel flange 10 and is outwardly conical at 11c<SP>2</SP> to a relatively sharp edge 11c<SP>3</SP> adjacent the inner edge of the annular die projection 13a. Finally, the heads of the rivet-like projections of the wheel flange are formed simultaneously, the die sets 15, 16 being arranged as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The die 16 has a flat operating end and the punch 15 a concave curved shoulder 15b which joins a flat end 15a in a rounded corner 15c. In forming the head 10a<SP>3</SP> the sharp edge 11c<SP>3</SP> disappears and an outflaring conical portion 11c<SP>4</SP> is formed in the hole. Alternatively, the projections may be made in the rim portion in which case the depressions so formed are filled to present a smooth surface for the inner tube of the tyre.
Patent GB-747323-A (GB)
Title: Refrigeration system
IPC: F28D7/10
Filed: 1954-06-18
Abstract: 747,323. Refrigerating. BUSH MANUFACTURING CO. June 18, 1954 [June 25, 1953], No. 17973/54. Class 29.  A refrigerant condenser 26 is located in the upper part of a vertical casing 12 through which cooling air is drawn upwardly by a pair of fans 28 and the condenser is also cooled by water supplied by a pump 32 from the bottom of the casing, the water leaving the condenser being sprayed. from nozzles 34 on to baffle plates 46 in the lower part of the casing so that both the air and the water are cooled by evaporation of part of the latter. The water level in the casing is controlled by a float valve and the air enters through a screen 16. The condenser, Fig. 4, comprises seven side-byside banks of concentric tubes, four in each bank, the banks being supplied in parallel with both refrigerant and water from headers 66, 56 respectively, the fluids leaving through headers 68, 58 respectively. In each bank, the refrigerant passes downwards through the four outer tubes 55 in series. In each bank, the water passes through the two lower inner tubes 64 in parallel and then through the two upper inner tubes 64 in parrallel. Longitudinallyextending corrugated fins 53 are fixed between the tubes 55, 64 and the condenser has external fins 59.
Patent GB-962595-A (GB)
Title: A deposit exchange machine
Inventor: SIMJIAN LUTHER GEORGE
IPC: G07F7/04
Filed: 1962-05-10
Abstract: 962,595. Dispensing articles. UNIVERSAL MATCH CORPORATION. May 10, 1962, No. 17982/62. Heading A4T. [Also in Division G4] A cheque or similar token is placed in compartment 31 of a drawer 3 which is slid into an article dispensing cabinet 1. A control button is then operated, a number indicative of the button operated is printed on the cheque, articles are dispensed on to the drawer, the cheque and articles are photographically recorded, the cheque is released into a box 11 and the drawer is freed so that the articles can be withdrawn. As described, the articles are ten-dollar bills and each bill is released from the dispenser 4 as it moves laterally of the drawer 3 into a receptacle formed by hinged flaps 40 which are sprung into the position of Fig. 5 when the drawer is closed. When the dispenser 4 is past the drawer a projection on the dispenser moves rod 53 to the left until it is engaged by a latch, the flaps 40 assuming the position shown in broken lines. The number of bills dispensed depends on the operation of microswitches supported on a frame 23 (Fig. 8). A rod 22 operates the switches as the dispenser 4 moves past the frame 23 and if certain control buttons have been actuated solenoid 21 is operated so that rod 22 is raised and notches in the rod register with some of the microswitches so that these are not operated. The control buttons depressed represent the value of the cheque presented and set a selector switch (not shown) which controls the release of print members at the underside of the cheque, and which also gives a visible indication of its setting which is photographed at the same time as the cheque and withdrawal. Operation of the machine is not possible unless a switch 36 (Fig. 3) is closed by placing a cheque in compartment 31 and closing the transparent lid 32. The cheque may be read by automatic means for reading printed matter, punches or magnetic ink. The machine may be combined with a coin dispenser which deposits the coins on the drawer 3. The bill dispenser 4 is preferably that described in U.S.A. Specification No. 2,981,492.
Patent GB-1214705-A (GB)
Title: Improved hydrocracking process
Inventor: HAMNER GLEN PORTER
IPC: C10G47/18
Filed: 1968-04-17
Abstract: 1,214,705. Hydrocracking; hydrorefining. ESSO RESEARCH & ENG. CO. 17 April, 1968, No. 18082/68. Heading C5E. A hydrocarbon feed is hydrocracked in two stages: (a) at 400-800‹ F. and 250-2500 p.s.i.g. using a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate having uniform pores of 6-15 Š combined with a metallic hydrogenation component; and (b) at 650-900‹ F. and 200-2500 p.s.i.g. using a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate having uniform pores of 4-6 Š combined with a metallic hydrogenation component. Suitable feeds are whole crude oil, virgin and cracked light and heavy gas oil, coker gas oil and cycle oils from catalytic or thermal cracking. The catalyst used in the first state is suitably a zeolite Y or synthetic faujasite having a silica to alumina mole ratio exceeding 3: 1, which can have been base exchanged with hydrogen, calcium or magnesium cation, containing palladium. The catalyst used in the second stage is suitably a zeolite A, which can have been base exchanged with cations such as calcium, magnesium, cobalt, nickel, iron, manganese, and zinc, containing 0À1-25 wt. per cent of Co, Ni, Pt or Pd as the metal, oxide or sulphide and can be sulphactivated by contact with H 2 S, CS 2  or a sulphur containing feed to incorporate 0À5-15 wt. sulphur into the catalyst. As shown in Fig. 2 the feed can be hydrorefined with a catalyst of cobalt molybdate on alumina to reduce its nitrogen content and the effluent from the first hydrocracking can be fractionated to provide a bottoms stream 39 which is recycled, a C 4  and lighter hydrocarbon stream 37 and a stream 140 which is fed to the second hydrocracking. According to Fig. 1 a naphtha product can be isolated from the effluent from the first hydrocracking and the effluent from the second hydrocracking can be fractionated and a bottoms stream recycled to the first hydrocracking. The two catalysts can be used as a mixture in a single reactor.
Patent GB-615721-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of treating wire
IPC: C25D7/06
Filed: 1945-07-16
Abstract: 615,721. Electroplating wire. NATIONAL STANDARD CO. July 16, 1945, No. 18104. Convention date, Oct. 14, 1944. [Class 41] [Also in Group II] In a method of treating wire electrolytically, especially wire of fine diameter and low elastic limit, for example wire of a cross-sectional area not greater than .0004 square inches and an elastic limit not greater than 20,000 lbs. per square inch, the wire is freely suspended while being passed from one support through one or more baths to a second support and electric current is passed through the wire, the only solid electric contact being the second support. Where more than one bath is used, liquid carried by the wire from each bath is removed by a blast of air before the introduction of the wire into the next bath. The electroplating bath may be for use in tinning copper wire. As shown, a wire 20 passes from a spool over spacing members, such as the member 22, and through an alkali cleaning bath 2, a cold water rinse 3, an acid pickle bath 4 preferably containing dilute hydrochloric acid, a water wash 5, a plating bath 6, a cold water wash 7 and a hot water wash 8, to a capstan 10 leading to a take-up spool 23. Each bath is kept supplied with liquid which overflows at the edges, forming meniscuses through which the wire passes without touching the edges of the bath. Current is introduced to the plating bath 6 and to the wire 20 through the sloping metal bottom 15 and passes out in a divided current part to the electrodes 14 in the bath 2 and part to the capstan 10. Liquid carried from each bath by the wire is removed by downwardly-directed air jets 16. A number of wires in parallel may be treated simultaneously.
Patent GB-1068138-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to desks and tables
Inventor: MARTIN ROBERT GEORGE
IPC: F16B12/50
Filed: 1965-04-30
Abstract: 1,068,138. Furniture joints. SANKEYSHELDON Ltd. April 15, 1966 [April 30, 1965], No. 18201/65. Heading A4H. Separate front, back and side members (1) of a frame for supporting a table top (9) are secured by screws (8) to strip metal angle brackets (7) welded into vertical slots (6) formed in the middles of the top edges of adjacent side walls of legs (4) of square section. The frame members (1) are of channel section and the brackets (7) are secured to short inner channels (5) welded to the inside surfaces of the frame members. The ends of the frame members (1) are mitred for a part of their width and the mitred edges abut leaving a square gap for the legs (4).
Patent GB-713660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to plain bearing assemblies
Inventor: LOVE PHIL PRINCE
IPC: F16C23/04
Filed: 1951-08-01
Abstract: 713,660. Bearings. GLACIER METAL CO., Ltd. July 21, 1952 [Aug. 1, 1951], No. 18225/51. Class 12(1) A self-aligning plain bearing assembly comprises a split bearing unit 1, 2, supported on the underside within a housing on a ball and socket mounting, and at the upper side located by a bar 14 seated in a slot 13 and provided with a pin 15 located in a recess 16 so as to be capable of swinging about a vertical axis passing through the centre of the ball and socket. The parts 1 and 2 are provided with removable liners 3, 4, and the ball 6 engages a recess 7 in the part 2 and a recess 8 in a bridge member 9. The surface of the seat of the bar 14 may be flat, or curved in the longitudinal direction, and an oil ring 17 is provided. In a modification the bearing unit bridge or support may be provided with an integral spherical portion for seating in a corresponding recess in the other part.
Patent GB-708746-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to building board assemblies
Inventor: MITCHELL DENNIS SYDNEY BARNS
IPC: E04B1/84
Filed: 1951-08-01
Abstract: 708,746. Building units. TEN TEST FIBRE BOARD CO., Ltd. July 30, 1952 [Aug. 1, 1951], No. 18245/51. Class 87 (1). [Also in Group VIII] A building unit comprises a facing layer 2 of hard material such as hardboard, metal or plastics formed with perforations 3, and a backing layer 1 of softer material such as fibreboard or asbestos formed with grooves 4 or large recesses in line with the perforations and composed of a number of strips of material spaced apart by hard wood battens 6. The unit is reinforced by strips 10 of hardboard.