baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-678394-A (GB)
Title: Control systems for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02D9/00
Filed: 1948-04-26
Abstract: 678,394. Fluid-pressure servomotor-control systems. BENDIX AVIATION CORPORATION. April 26, 1948 [June 6, 1947], No. 1760/48. Divided out of 678,364 and addition to 678,361. Class 135. An aircraft engine control system as in the parent Specification, but in which the cruise override and propeller control mechanisms are omitted and the supercharger is driven through three hydraulic couplings instead of two, has improved combined means for increasing the intake pressure permissible during operation of an anti-detonant injection system and for reducing the permissible pressure with increase of altitude. As shown, movement of an arm 306 connected to the pressure selecting mechanism in a direction to increase the pressure selection is limited by a plunger 304 reciprocable in a guide 305 by a lever 301 which is connected to plungers 302, 303. Pistons 316, 317, associated with the plungers and urged upwardly by springs, have their upper surfaces communicating, though restrictions 308, 311, 312, with a pressure supply conduit 307. An outlet 315 is normally opened by an electromagnetically-operated valve (not shown) so that insufficient pressure exists above the pistons 316, 317 to balance their spring loadings. The pistons thus take up the positions shown, limited by adjustable stops 370, 371, but during operation of the anti-detonant system, the electromagnetically-operated valve is closed and pressure builds up above the pistons and allows the plunger 304 to recede from the arm 306. A further piston 327, loaded by a spring 328 and provided with a hollow stem 329, is subjected on its lower face to the pressure in a passage 313 which pressure has access to the interior of the hollow stem and is regulated by a leak-off valve 333 positioned by a bellows assembly comprising an evacuated spring- loaded bellows 337 and a bellows 338 whose interior is subjected to atmospheric pressure. Thus the plunger 302 and, therefore, the plunger 304, are moved in response to variations in atmospheric pressure to limit the permissible selected pressure in accordance with altitude.
Patent GB-163404-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in loose leaf binders
IPC: B42F13/04
Filed: 1920-01-20
Abstract: 163,404. Wycherley, S. R., and Spicer Bros., Ltd. Jan. 20, 1920. Flexible-band files.-A loose leaf binder especially adapted for pocket-books has the sheets carried on flexible thongs attached to one clamping-bar and wound up on a shaft held in the other bar. The shaft 1 is mounted in bearings stamped up from the bar 3, and may be provided with flattened portions 4 to which the thongs are attached. The shaft, which is provided with an operating - knob 7 outside the covers, is held against rotation in the direction to unwind the thongs by clutch members 8, 9, the movable part 9 of which is attached to an external projection 11.
Patent GB-936622-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photoelectric apparatus
IPC: G08B17/12
Filed: 1960-01-19
Abstract: 936,622. Photo-conductive devices. PYROTECTOR Inc. Jan. 19, 1960 [Jan. 22, 1959], No. 1900/60. Class 37. [Also in Groups XL (b) and XL (c)] Photo-electric detecting apparatus, Fig. 1, comprises two photo-sensitive elements R and B connected in series across a direct-current supply t4, t5 and a relay K connected through an amplifier and impedance matching circuit K to respond to the potential between terminals t1 and t3, element R exhibiting an increase in conductance in response to infra-red light as shown by curve Rr in Fig. 2, and element B exhibiting a similar conductivity increase Rb1 in response to visible light but exhibiting a decrease in its response to visible light when infrared light is simultaneously applied, as illustrated by curves Rb2 and Rb3, for two different intensities of infra-red light. The apparatus functions to distinguish between flame and sunlight, the potential between terminals t1 and t3 only becoming sufficient to operate relay K (and actuate an associated indicator I) when infra-red light from a flame causes both an increase in the conductance of element R and a decrease in the conductance of element B. Polycrystalline cadmium sulphide, lead sulphide or cadmium selenide is said to be a suitable material for element R, and monocrystalline cadmium sulphide is said to be a material having the necessary positive (increasing) and negative (decreasing) conductivity responses for element B. The two elements are assembled so that element B substantially covers element R so that the light reaching element R passes through element B. This arrangement prevents shadows which fall on the detector producing spurious responses since both elements are affected equally. Fig. 5 shows one construction. Figs. 8, 9, 11 and 12 show another construction. The element R<SP>11</SP> is formed on a ceramic support S in the shape shown in Fig. 11, conducting terminals t1, t2 and t3 are added as shown in Fig. 12 and thereafter element B<SP>11</SP> is added as shown in Fig. 8. The completed assembly is mounted in a tube 12 behind a frosted glass diffusing disc 11. Element B functions to filter the light reaching element R; where monocrystalline cadmium sulphide is used the element has a yellow-orange tint producing a transmission characteristic as indicated at Y in Fig. 2.
Patent GB-490848-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to absorption refrigerating machine
IPC: F25B17/00
Filed: 1937-01-22
Abstract: 490,848. Refrigerating. PRESSED STEEL CO., Ltd., and KLEEN, N. E. AF. Jan. 22, 1937, No. 1910. [Class 29] Absorption machines and systems.-In apparatus of the kind in which the generator-absorber A and the condenser C are disposed in a compartment on the outside of the cabinet, the condenser is shielded from hot air rising from the generator-absorber by a fixed deflecting plate 11. In a modification in which the generator-absorber is provided with a secondary cooling system including a collecting tank 13, Fig. 2, plates 14, 15 are placed between the tank and the generator-absorber and the condenser. In this modification, the plate 14 may be omitted. In another arrangement, the generator-absorber and the condenser are disposed above the cabinet with an horizontal plate between them.
Patent GB-345007-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in engine starting apparatus
IPC: F02N99/00
Filed: 1930-01-20
Abstract: 345,007. Turning-gear. ECLIPSE AVIATION CORPORATION, 545, North Arlington Avenue, East Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A. Jan. 20, 1930, No. 1966. Convention date, Jan. 30, 1929. [Class 7 (v).] An engine starter comprises a clutch member 33 axially shiftable into engagement with an engine member, a flywheel 12, a yieldable driving means carried by the flywheel and connected through a gear train to the clutch member 33, and means for rotating the member 33 to store energy in the flywheel. As shown, the flywheel is connected to its shaft 15 by a friction coupling comprising discs 19, 20 mounted between endplates 17, 18 and held in engagement by adjustable springs 23 encircling bolts 21. Alternate friction discs are splined to the flywheel and to the shaft 15, and the endplates 17, 18 and the inner face of the flywheel are cut away to form pockets 24 for balls 25, Fig. 2, which ride out of the pockets and separate the plates 17, 18 if an overload is encountered. The shaft 15 has gear teeth 45 engaging a gear 44 on a countershaft 36 having gear teeth 40 meshing with an internal gear 35 on the flange 31 of a sleeve 32 in which the clutch member 33 is splined. The member 33 is shifted axially by a rod 52 engaged by a fork 54 on a rock shaft 56. The flywheel is set in rotation, before shifting the member 33 into engagement with the engine, by manual rotation of a shaft 48 carrying a bevel pinion 47 in engagement with a bevel pinion 46 on the end of the sleeve 32.
Patent GB-572824-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for the training of personnel in the identification and study of planes, tanks and ships; also to train personnel in the observation of tracer shells, estimation of range, angular change and factors affecting firecontrol
IPC: G09B9/00
Filed: 1942-02-16
Abstract: 572,824. Apparatus for teaching aircraft &c. recognition. HUNT, G. V. Feb. 16, 1942, No. 2044. [Class 146 (ii)] [Also in Group XXI] An apparatus for training personnel in the recognition of aircraft, tanks and ships comprises in combination a model of the aircraft &c. mounted on a rotatable vertically-arranged member and a longitudinally movable mirror in which an image of the model can be seen undergoing variations in the angle of sight, course angle, height and slant range. Two examples are described: (1) (Figs. 1, 5, 6 and 7). Graduated height bars 2, movable along side members 1, adjustably support a flight bar 3 graduated to represent seconds of time. On a fixed column 6 is rotatably mounted a tube 8 slotted at 8a to receive a graduated slant range bar 10 pivoted to the tube 8 by pins 10a. Within the tube 8 is a second tube 11, 'the bifurcated lower end of which is secured to the bar 10 and the reduced upper part of which is enclosed in a " Cellophane " (Registered Trade Mark) tube 12 and is connected to one part 13 of a bell-crank lever pivoted at 13a in the tube 12, the other part of the lever comprising two arms 14 which support a model aircraft 15. The bar 10 rests on the bar 3, and by raising and lowering the latter, the model is tilted. The tube 8 carries a pointer 9 which moves over a fixed protractor dial 7. The mirror 16 is mounted in a frame moved towards and away from the personnel by means of a hand wheel 20 and ropes 21. Cloud and night and day effects are obtained by arranging material of varying opacity on a movable glass sheet 23 arranged behind the model, liglits 24 being arranged to shine through the sheet and on t another mirror 25. To give the effect of an infinity of space, a cyclor may be' arranged behind the model. An arm 26 carried by the tube 8 may control the cloud effect. (2) (Figs. 11 and 14). The model 15 is mounted on a spindle 28 turned by a chain-and-sprocket wheel 31. Removable boards 33 of differing height or fitted in alternative holes in the base 29 form supports for a rod 34 secured to the spindle 28. Coloured slides at 35, 37 are illuminated. The mirror 16a runs on track 38. To simulate the effect of tracer bullets, a large number of very small holes are made in the reflecting back surface of the mirror and a torch 41 having a red bulb is positioned therebehind, the circuit of the torch 'being completed by making a contact between the zinc casing of the torch and a perforated zinc mirrorbacking 39 connected to a dry battery 40.
Patent GB-738262-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the purification of chlortetracycline
Filed: 1951-01-26
Abstract: A substantially pure acid salt of chlortetracycline is recovered from chlortetracycline-containing material by preparing a solution, having a pH of 5 to 10, of chlortetracycline-containing material in one or more polar solvents, separating any insoluble material therefrom and treating said solution with an acid to precipitate the chlortetracycline as the corresponding acid salt.  The preferred polar solvents are 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-methoxy-ethanol and methyl alcohol; other solvents are ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, phenylmethylcarbinol, ethylene chlorohydrin, dioxane, carbitol, ethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, nitromethane, acetonitrile, propylene chlorhydrin, diacetone alcohol, acetophenone, 2 - methoxy ethanol acetate, water and mixtures thereof.  Although the pH adjustment may be by means of an alkali metal base, a non-toxic nitrogenous base having a dissociation constant of at least 10-7 is preferred. Specified are ammonia, triethylamine, diethylamine, tri - n - butylamine, cyclohexylamine, morpholine, di - n - propylamine, beta-phenylethylamine, ethanolamine, isoamylamine, ethyl morpholine, dimethylbenzylamine, 2-aminopyridine, isobutylamine, dicyclohexylamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, beta - di - ethylaminoethanol, trimethylamine and mixtures thereof. The insolubles are filtered off, preferably after treatment with an absorbent such as activated carbon or diatomaceous earth and the acid salt is precipitated by the addition of acid, e.g. hydrochloric acid, to pH3 or below.
Patent GB-500079-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to pinking mechanism for sewing machines
IPC: D05B37/08
Filed: 1938-01-21
Abstract: 500,079. Sewiag-machines. SIGODA, V. J. Jan. 21, 1938, No. 2102. [Class 112] [Also in Group VIII] A pinking-device for a sewing-machine comprises a cutting member rotatable in the plane of the fabric at one side of the stitchforming devices. In the form shown, a ring 26, with cutting teeth 27 on its top face, is mounted on roller bearings eccentrically in a carrier 17 which is rotatably adjustable on the base-plate of the machine at one side of the throat-plate 12. Inside the ring is a disc 21 rotatably mounted in the carrier 17 and oscillated by an arm 34 connected to the feed-operating mechanism of the machine ; the disc 21 carries friction pawls 38 which engage a ridge 35 on the cutting ring 26 to rotate the latter intermittently in one direction, backward movement of the ring 26 being prevented by a similar pawl 40 carried by a part 41 integral with the carrier 17. The distance of the cut edge of the fabric from the line of stitching is varied by rotating the carrier 17 by means of a hand-operated pinion 44 engaging teeth on the periphery of the carrier ; the carrier may be held in an adjusted position by a clamping nut 45. The fabric is pressed on the cutting teeth by a roller 48 carried on an arm 49 which is pivotally mounted in a base 51 and pressed down by means of a screw 52 carried by an arm fixed to the pivot pin; the base 51 is adjustable on the base-plate of the machine in accordance with the position of the cutting ring. In a modification the cutting ring is replaced by a disc carried by a spindle rotatable in the carrier 17, and the spindle has a one-way clutch connection with the arm 34 and a reverse-movement-preventing connection with a fixed part. An undulating edge may be produced on the fabric by rotating the pinion 44 continually by connecting it to the feed mechanism in a similar manner to the cutting disc ; the pinion 44 is then carried by an arm which can be moved to bring it into or out of engagement with the carrier at will, a locking tooth on the arm engaging the carrier when the pinion is disengaged from it to produce a straight edge. The fabric may be fed to the stitching and cutting devices through a folding- device adjustably mounted on the base-plate.
Patent GB-517262-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the scavenging ports in the cylinders of two-stroke-cycle internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B25/00
Filed: 1939-01-21
Abstract: 517,262. Cylinders. MICKELSEN, V., and REBBECK. F. E. Jan. 21, 1939, No. 2108. [Class 7 (ii)] In a uniflow scavenged two-stroke engine cylinder, piston-controlled admission ports A, B alternate in twc or more overlapping rows; they may be arranged so that the circular edge of the piston commences to open them simultaneously, or in succession as shown, the opening being completed in succession in either case. They may overlap transversely, being made, for example, triangular. Some or all may be tangential or radial, or individual ports may change gradually or suddenly from one form to the other.
Patent GB-1124971-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of polyacrylonitrile fibres
Inventor: BREALEY GRAHAM JOHN
IPC: C08F20/44
Filed: 1965-01-18
Abstract: Polyacrylonitrile fibres of improved colour are obtained by polymerizing acrylonitrile catalytically, in a solvent for polyacrylonitrile comprising an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt, at elevated temperature in the presence of a soluble titanium salt dissolved in the aqueous solvent, and spinning the polymerization product into fibres.  The acrylonitrile may be copolymerized with a comonomer to produce a copolymer containing not less than 80% by weight of acrylonitrile units; specified comonomers are styrene, methyl acrylate or methacrylate, vinyl acetate, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, methallyl-sulphonic acid or a salt thereof, and mixtures of such comonomers.  The inorganic salt component of the aqueous solvent is exemplified by sodium thiocyanate.  A suitable titanium salt additive is potassium titanium oxalate.  In examples, acrylonitrile is copolymerized with methyl acrylate and itaconic acid using, as catalyst, azobisisobutyronitrile in conjunction with thiourea dioxide and, in some cases, isopropanol is also present. Aqueous solvent used can be recycled for use in further acrylonitrile polymerizations without the need for purification.
Patent GB-938413-A (GB)
Title: Process for improving the properties of filamentary materials and staple fibres of highly polymeric polyesters
IPC: D06M13/184
Filed: 1960-01-20
Abstract: Filamentary materials and films &c. of polyesters of polybasic acids condensed with polyhydric alcohols are impregnated with a solution of a salt of a nitrogen-free mono or polybasic carboxylic acid having at least 4 carbon atoms in the molecule or a sulphonic or phosphonic acid and ammonia or an organic base that is volatile at the treatment temperature, drying the filaments &c., heating them above 200 DEG C., e.g. 215 DEG  to 240 DEG C., and washing them, for example, with dilute aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate.  The polyester may be a six-membered carboxylic condensation product of a polyvalent carboxylic acid, especially an aromatic di-carboxylic acid, and a polyhydric alcohol, especially an aliphatic glycol.  Examples of polyesters of which the filaments &c. may be composed are polyethylene terephthalate, polyesters derived from 4:41-diphenyldicarboxylic acid or 4:41-sulphonyl-dibenzoic acid and ethylene glycol, or from 2-hydroxy-methyl-1:4-benzodioxane-7-carboxylic acid.  These acids may be condensed with other glycols, e.g. xylylene glycol, dimethylolcyclohexane or b :b 1-dihydroxy-diethyl-ether. The acid of the salt used as a treating agent may be glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, abietic acid and hexahydroterephthalic acid, particularly its cisisomer.  The salt may have been formed by neutralizing the acid with methylamine, ethylamine or oxethylamine. The period of treatment may be 10 to 100 seconds.  Filamentary materials are preferably allowed to shrink during the treatment and subsequently stretched to their original length, preferably at 170 DEG  to 200 DEG C. to reduce any subsequent shrinkage when they are boiled in water. The treatment of the invention chemically modifies the surfaces of the filamentary materials and films so as to improve their capacity for being dryed, especially with dispersion dyestuffs, and the strength of the materials is not impaired by the treatment. Specification 903,913 is referred to.
Patent GB-693018-A (GB)
Title: Combination hose and slipper-sole assembly
IPC: A43B3/24
Filed: 1951-01-29
Abstract: 693,018. Slippers. DAHLHOUSER, C. H. Jan. 29, 1951 [Feb. 10, 1950], No. 2210/51. Drawings to Specification. Class 17 (ii). An upper of hose of appropriate size is attached to an upstanding flange around the edge of a slipper sole by sliding clasp, press-studs or similar attachable mechanical fastening means so that the upper may be removed for washing &c. A toe cap and insole may be provided.
Patent GB-120829-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Electro Magnetic Switches.
IPC: H02P1/20
Filed: 1918-02-07
Abstract: 120,829. British Thomson -Houston Co., (General Electric Co.). Feb. 7, 1918. Systems for continuous-current motors only.- In electro-magnetic switches for motor starting of the kind described in Specification 9112/06, in which the switches which cut out sections of resistance in the armature circuit are ehergized by two opposing windings, one connected across the supply and the other connected across the motor armature so as to be energized by the increasing electromotive force of the motor as it speeds up, the switches are constructed so as to make the compensations for variations of voltage or of the supply and for the heating of the coils more accurate. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the coil 11 is connected across the supply and the coil 12, which produces a flux in the same direction through the core 13 as the coil 11 is connected across the motor armature. The switch armature 18 normally occupies the open position shown, and its lower end lies between a pole face 16 and a polar' extension 17. The coil 11 produces two fluxes, one between the pole face 16 and the armature tending to hold the switch open, and the other, a leakage flux, between the extension 17 and the armature tending to close the switch. The rising current in the coil 12 as the motor speeds up produces an increasing flux which aids that between the extension 17 and the armature, and opposes the holding-out flux between the pole face 16 and the armature until, finally, the holding out force is overcome and the switch closes. Variations of the supply voltage affect the holding-out flux and, consequently, the switch closes at a higher or lower value of counter-electromotive force in accordance with such variation. Temperature variations affect both coils equally, and the action of the switch is therefore substantially independent of such variations. For current setting an adjustable magnetic member 25 on the armature is provided. In a modified construction, the coils are arranged substantially transversely to the armature, one on the limb 14 and the other on the limb 16 which is made axially adjustable for current setting. The connexions to the motor circuit are shown in Fig. 6, in which the electro-magnetic starting-switch 41 has auxiliary contacts 43 controlling the circuit of the coils connected across the armature.
Patent GB-265205-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in carbureters for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M3/08
Filed: 1927-01-26
Abstract: 265,205. Pomies, R. P., (Assignee of Soc. Indus'trielle des VÚhicules Automobiles). Jan. 28, 1926, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. Spray carburettors.-The carburettor body a has the usual throttle valve b, and is traversed near its air inlet end by a tube c provided with slits d for the discharge of an emulsion of fuel and air. The tube c is connected to the float chamber e by a tube f having a vertical portion, at the lower end of which is a nozzle g surmounted by a tube t smaller than the tube f. The space between the tubes is in communication with the atmosphere through a conduit h and a calibrated interchangeable plug i, the air admitted exerting an injector action on the fuel from nozzle g. The tube c may be inclined downwardly, as shown, in order to bring the slits d below the normal fuel level A-A and produce a siphon action which will increase the effect of the vacuum when the engine passes from slow running to full speed. Holes h<1> would prevent siphonic action when the engine is stopped. To allow for variations of temperature and altitude, the conduit h may be provided with a controllable branch k. The air admitted through the plug i may be passed through an exhaust-heated device so as to prevent freezing at the emulsion slits d without heating to any appreciable extent the total mixture charge. The slow-running device comprises a conduit m communicating with the conduit f between the nozzle g and the float chamber, and with the induction pipe through a conduit m<1> of smaller bore and two ports q, r on opposite sides of the throtle b in its closed position. The conduit m has a slow-running nozzle o and the conduit m<1> is provided with an air inlet adjustable from a distance. With the throttle in the position shown, air will enter through port r to dilute and reduce the speed of the slow running mixture. A construction of carburettor is also described in which the suction conduit a, with slow-running passage, and the float chamber e with the ducts m, f, h may be secured about the axis of the tube c in different relative positions, the tube being provided with a clamping nut.