Patent GB-728743-A (GB)
Title: Gaseous treatment of solid materials
Inventor: SHABAKER HUBERT ARTHUR
IPC: B01J37/20
Filed: 1951-12-31
Abstract: <PICT:0728743/III/1> <PICT:0728743/III/2> <PICT:0728743/III/3> <PICT:0728743/III/4> A process of chemically treating solid material with reactive gas comprizes first heating the material by contact with a preheated treating gas composed of an inert gas and 0.7-1.5 per cent. by volume of a reactive component and containing not more than a minor amount of waste gases from a subsequent stage, and thereafter contacting the thus heated material, in which the reaction has been initiated, in a separate stage under independently controlled conditions with a gas containing 15-75 per cent. of a reactive component of the same kind.  The process is particularly suitable for the regeneration of coked catalysts with oxidizing gas, and for the treatment of clays by H2S or CS2 for the removal of iron as sulphides, whereafter the clays are treated with dilute acid for use as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversion processes.  In Fig. 1, clay granules are fed from hopper 6 into a refractory-lined reactor 1, wherein they are treated in the upper portion by inert gas, such as nitrogen or flue gas, at 1400 DEG  C. in admixture with a small amount of sulphiding gas introduced through pipe 10 and passing up a channel 12b in the refractory lining, escaping through perforations 12a.  The clay passing down the reactor, is contacted in the lower portion with the more concentrated sulphiding gas introduced at 11, and admixed with seal gas introduced at 13, passing up through channels 9a in block 9.  The wall 3 below block 9 may be free of insulating material for cooling purposes.  In a modified form of reactor, block 9 is replaced by a generally conical block, apex upwards, with peripheral gas passages.  In another form, the treated clay leaves the chamber through a number of peripheral tubes converging to cooling device, the hot diluent gas being supplied through passages in a central block and escaping near the top thereof.  In a variant of this construction (Fig. 7), the block 40 is provided with a central passage for the inert gas supplied at 45, filled with balls 43 which are of progressively smaller diameter at the top.  The sulphiding gas is fed in mainly at the convergence of pipes 26, but a small amount may be admitted through line 46 to mix with the inert gas.  Baffles may replace the balls 43.  In another modification, a ceramic block is provided to form, with the reactor wall, an annular passage for the inert gas, the top of the annulus being stepped and filled with the graded balls; the centre of the block is hollowed out to provide the second stage treatment chamber. In Fig. 12, the clay is treated with hot inert gas in fluidized beds P1-P7, this being supplied through line 106. The second stage of the treatment is effected in fluidized beds S1-S3, the sulphiding gas being introduced through line 118.  Seal gas is introduced at 137 to a cooling bed C.  In Fig. 13, material passes from bed P1 to a refractory-lined chamber 154 wherein it is subjected to the action of the sulphiding gas introduced at 161. Inert gas, operating as seal gas, enters at 162.  Heating and sulphiding gases are respectively supplied through pipes 150, 163. Specification 636,194 is referred to.