baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-852968-A (GB)
Title: Sulphation process
Inventor: ONETO FRANCIS JEAN EDMOND
IPC: C07B45/02
Filed: 1958-01-17
Abstract: Alcoholic hydroxy compounds are sulphated in the liquid phase with a liquid sulphating agent in the presence of an aliphatic silicone. The presence of the silicone reduces foaming during the reaction and permits the sulphation to be effected more rapidly and if desired in the absence of water or an inert solvent.  The silicone, for example methyl or ethyl silicone, may be added as an oil or in solution in a small amount of solvent.  The amount of silicone is generally about 0,01 or less to 0,5% by weight of the starting material ; more may be used if a low sudsing detergent product is required.  The hydroxy compounds may be straight or branched aliphatic alcohols, preferably C7-16 primary alcohols ; fatty acid alkylolamides and mixtures thereof with fatty alcohols ; and the compounds obtained by reacting aliphatic alcohols or alkyl phenols with alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide or its admixture with propylene oxide.  The sulphating agent may be concentrated sulphuric acid, oleum or chlorsulphonic acid and is preferably added gradually to a stirred mixture of the hydroxy compound and silicone.  In examples following the above procedure (1) a mixture of lauryl and myristyl alcohols, (2) sperm oil, (3) a condensate of coconut fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide, (4) a condensate of C11-16 oxo alcohols with a mixture of ethylene and propylene oxides, (5) a mixture of coconut fatty acid ethanol amides and the condensation product of (4), (6) an ethylene oxide-tallow alcohol condensate and (7) an ethylene oxide-pnonyl phenol condensate were sulphated in the presence of a small amount of a commercial alkyl silicone using sulphuric acid or oleum and the product neutralised with aq. NaOH ; the results are compared with those obtained when the silicone is omitted.  According to the Provisional Specification, sulphonation or sulphation reactions generally may be effected in the liquid phase in the presence of a silicone, reference being made to the treatment of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons and alkyl-substituted phenols.ALSO:Detergent compositions are prepared by sulphating, in the liquid phase and in the presence of an aliphatic silicone, a mixture of a fatty alcohol and a fatty acid alkylolamide or (Example 5) a mixture of the monoethanolamide of coconut oil fatty acids and a condensation product derived from a mixture of C11-C16 oxo alcohols and a mixture of ethylene and propylene oxides, followed by neutralisation of the resulting sulphuric acid esters.
Patent GB-1512591-A (GB)
Title: Electronic timepiece
IPC: G04G9/00
Filed: 1976-01-16
Abstract: 1512591 Electronic timepieces DAINI SEIKOSHA KK 16 Jan 1976 [29 Jan 1975] 01747/76 Heading G3T In a battery powered electronic timepiece with an electro-optical display, e.g. liquid crystal, pending failure of the battery is signalled by an indicating means in response to a battery voltage detector signal which means produces a first or a second display when the battery voltage is above or below a predetermined value respectively, a restoring switch is provided which, when switched to a predetermined state over-rides the detector signal and causes the indicating means to revert to the first display in place of the second display. The indication of pending battery failure may involve deactivation (Fig. 3) or flashing Fig. 6 (not shown) of at least part of the time display, or the extinguishing of a lamp Fig. 5, (not shown). Closure of the restoring switch permits normal display for a few days until the battery is replaced. In Fig. 3, when the battery voltage is above a predetermined value, a signal at T 1  from the voltage detector Fig. 2 (not shown) applied to a transmission gate TG1 via gate OR2 permits the gate TG1 to pass a segment control signal from terminal T2 to activate a display segment 3'. When the voltage is below that value, TG1 blocks the control signal and a transmission gate TG2 becomes conductive causing the same potential to be applied to both electrodes of segment 3' thereby deactivating its display. However, if restoring switch 6 is closed, TG1 is again caused to pass the segment control signal and TG2 reverts to the non-conducting state. In a modification, (Fig. 6), the gate OR2 has a third input to which a 1 Hz signal is applied, and when the detector signal is at "0" level indicating low voltage, the 1 Hz signal will control TG1 causing the display by segment 3' to perceivably flash.
Patent GB-455466-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the construction of ships
IPC: B63B1/10
Filed: 1936-01-20
Abstract: 455,466. Ships' hulls. ENGELMANN, R., 1, Bayerischer Platz, Berlin. Jan. 20,1936, No. 1820. Convention date, Jan. 18, 1935. [Class 113 (ii)] Ships' hulls have a closed curved form with a fusiform under-water hull 1 in which the hull merges from an initially circular form at the bows 10 into the form of a vertical oval with a flattened lower edge, as shown by the contour line 7, Fig. 5. The hull then assumes a vertically pear-shaped form 3, Fig. 5, and dies away at the stern into a circular form at the tapering stern 0, which is at a lower level than the bows. The superstructure 2 meets the underwater form at the water-line in a straight line and dies away at the bow and stern in convex curves.
Patent GB-246500-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coking retort ovens
IPC: C10B5/10
Filed: 1924-10-29
Abstract: 246,500. Koppers Co., (Assignees of Ackeren, J. van). Jan. 4, 1924, [Convention date. Drawings to Specification. Retort furnaces.-In a vertical retort or oven having vertically-flued heating-walls, flues passing round the ends of the retorts are provided for connecting adjacent heating-walls in pairs, so that combustion gases from one wall of a pair can be passed to the regenerators through the other wall. The flue and regenerator arrangements described are the same as those of Specification 227,087. Specification 201,130 also is referred to. '
Patent GB-1014638-A (GB)
Title: Conveying of ores during heat processing
IPC: F27B21/06
Filed: 1964-01-16
Abstract: 1,014,638. Sintering machines. GUTENHOFFNUNGSHUTTE STERKRADE A.G. Jan. 16, 1964 [Jan. 19, 1963], No. 1931/64. Heading F4B. A sintering machine includes a series of abutting pallets 1 arranged to run on an endless track comprising upper and lower courses 3 and 4, Fig. 1, respectivey connected by discharge and lifting arcuate portions 5 and 6, a heat-expansion gap L being formed successively between the receptacles as they pass upwardly through the lifting portion 6. A sprocket 7 rotates about axis 14, Fig. 2, to lift the pallets 1 in succession through the gap L and to propel them along the upper course 3. The pitch of the sprocket 7 is greater than the pitch of the series of receptacles by at least the length of the gap L. The centre of curvature 15 of the portion 6 is not coincident with the axis 14 so that the effective lever arm r 1  of tooth 7b is greater than the corresponding arm r 2  of tooth 7a. Thus, on rotation of the sprocket 7, the distance between pallets 1a and 1b is decreased and tooth 7a is arranged to remain in engagement with pallet 1a until tooth 7b has moved pallet 1b through the gap L to abut pallet 1a. This results in the continuous movement of the pallets and the reforming of the gap L between pallets 1b and 1c. Charge is introduced into the pallets from hoppers 9 and 10, is heated in tunnel 11 air being sucked through it by windboxes 12, and is discharged along the arcuate portion 5 into a breaker 13. In another embodiment, Fig. 3 (not shown), the lower half of track portion 6 is symmetrical with the upper half with respect to the sprocket, and the sprocket can rotate in the opposite direction to that of the first embodiment to facilitate repair work and replacement of pallets.
Patent GB-741349-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to needle bar mechanism for drawing frames
IPC: D01H5/02
Filed: 1952-07-18
Abstract: 741,349. Textile drawing frames and rollers. WHITIN MACHINE WORKS. July 18, 1952 [Oct. 18, 1951], No. 1954/54. Divided out of 741,292. Drawings to Specification. Classes 120 (1) and 120 (2). The subject-matter of this Specification is identical with that described in Specification 741,292 in relation to drawing frame needle-bar mechanism, but the claims differ.
Patent GB-473520-A (GB)
Title: Improved alkali-alkaline earth fertiliser and process of producing same
IPC: C05B13/02
Filed: 1937-01-22
Abstract: A double phosphate containing alkali metal, e.g. sodium or potassium, calcium, and combined sulphur in such a form as to be unreactive with water and carbon dioxide and which is free from alkali or alkaline-earth metal sulphides is obtained by mixing phosphate rock, an alkali metal sulphate, and an active carbonaceous reducing agent and heating the mixture to 700--900 DEG  C. until the phosphate is completely decomposed.  A rotary kiln may be used for the heating step, and the reducing agent may be powdered lignite or electrically precipitated lignite dust, charcoal or a reactive carbon. Advantageously sodium sulphate is used in the form of Glauber's salt, and 1,8 to 1,9 mols. of the salt may be used per mol. of calcium phosphate.  Examples of operation are given.
Patent GB-751231-A (GB)
Title: Oblique disk reciprocating pump
IPC: F01B3/00
Filed: 1954-01-22
Abstract: 751,231. Revolving-cylinder pumps. WIGGERMANN, G. Jan. 22, 1954 [Jan. 24, 1953], No. 2053/54. Class 102(1). In a revolving cylinder pump, the cylinder block 17 is mounted on a spindle 15 which is inclined to, and adjustable relatively to, the axis of a disc 4 and the pistons 18 are connected to piston rods 19 that have spherical heads retained in recesses 20 by a plate 22. The spindle 15 is carried by a sliding block 14 that has a partcylindrical surface having a centre of curvature in the plane of the centres of the recesses 20 and sliding in a similarly shaped recess 13 in the casing 12 ; the block 14 is adjusted by a slide 27 engaging the pin 24. The pump cylinders have ports 29 which co-operate with arcuate slots 41 which are connected to slots 40 that communicate with passages 33 in the casing 12 serving as the inlet and outlet. The slots 40 have an area to balance partially the thrust on the block 14 and the part cylindrical surface has grooves 42, 43 and flats 44 which collect leakage and allow it to return to the casing through passages 47. The pump cylinders have ports 30 that communicate with recesses 31 to obtain a hydraulic balance and a recess 32 is arranged between the ports 29, 31. The engagement of the cylindrical surface of the block 14 is assisted by rollers abutting rims on the block. The piston rods 19 have collars 49 on each side of which are mounted part-spherical shoes 50 that have lateral freedom ; a passage 52 in the piston rod permits cylinder pressure to be conducted to the recess 20. The disc 4 is mounted in a roller bearing 3 and the thrust on the disc is transmitted to the casing through balls 6 positioned in the holes of a perforated disc 7.
Patent GB-407378-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to building constructions
IPC: E04B1/98
Filed: 1932-09-15
Abstract: 407,378. Building-constructions. DECOURT, R. P. J., 34, Rue de Miromesnil, Paris. Sept. 15, 1932, No. 2105/34. Convention date, Feb. 20, 1932. Divided on 407,371 under which a Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Aug. 21, 1933. [Classes 20 (i) and 20 (ii).] The metal skeleton of a building consists of a number of unit frames, Fig. 1, superposed units being connected by shock-absorbing joints 25, Fig. 7, to reduce the transmission of vibrations. Fig. 2 shows an assemblage of suitable units formed of uprights 1, cross pieces 2 rigidly joined thereto at points one quarter of the length from the upper end, joints 3, and angle stays 4. The uprights may consist of angle or trough sections ; Figs. 3<a> and 3<c> show two examples. The joints in the uprights are formed of cover plates 25 with the interposition of sheets of asbestos or rubber, and the ends of the uprights are separated by 2 to 3 mm. The footing for each upright may consist of a steel casing 17, Fig. 4<a>, resting on an anti-vibratory layer 23 on a concrete bed 21, the interior being provided with an antivibrating lining 19, a steel plate 18, and a concrete filling. Alternatively, the feet of the uprights may be sunk directly in the concrete 21, or they may be formed with bases 73, Fig. 7, resting on anti-vibratory packing 74. In countries subject to seismic shocks, the feet of the uprights are connected by a framing 85, Fig. 8, resting freely on a floor 83 with rollers interposed if desired. An external wall may be freely supported on the main uprights 1 and intermediate uprights 26 as described in Specification 407,371, and an internal wall may consist of cork slabs secured to inner posts spaced from but secured to the uprights 1.
Patent GB-673195-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for regulating or varying the filling of hydraulic couplings
IPC: F16D33/00
Filed: 1950-01-26
Abstract: 673,195. Hydraulic couplings. AKT.-GES. WESER. Jan. 26,1950 [Aug. 11, 1949], No. 2113/50. Class 69 (ii). In a method of regulating or varying the quantity of liquid admitted to two or more coaxial centrifugal-type hydraulic couplings I and II connected in parallel for the transmission of power from a driving shaft a to a driven shaft d, all the primary members b<SP>1</SP>, b<SP>2</SP>, of the couplings being positively connected with the driving shaft a and all the secondary members c<SP>1</SP>, c<SP>2</SP> positively connected with driven shaft d, the couplings are adapted to work with a variable liquid filling and their liquid circuits in series, so that the couplings are filled one after the other, the filling of each coupling after the first duly commencing when the quantity of liquid in the preceding coupling reaches a given value. Liquid entering coupling II passes through' a regulating device, not shown, and a filling chamber e, a part of the liquid entering this coupling flows continuously through a throttle opening g, formed as an annular gap between the partition wall of the secondary members and the primary casing, and is discharged from coupling I through orifices f so that the latter coupling remains empty. With an increase in delivery of liquid, coupling II fills to such an extent that liquids flow through apertures h in the partition wall and coupling I commences to fill since the latter receives liquid at a greater rate than it can be exhausted through orifices f. When the liquid supply to coupling II is throttled, both couplings empty together until apertures h are uncovered, whereupon coupling II empties through openings g and orifices at a slower rate than coupling I which discharges through orifices f only. By regulating the liquid inflow, coupling I can be kept empty and coupling II full, similarly any partial degree of filling can be maintained..In a modification, the partition wall is secured to the primary casing instead of the secondary members, the openings being formed in the wall. In another modification, applied to F÷ttinger type couplings, the openings are formed by labyrinth passages and liquid from the couplings enters a chamber which is emptied through a tube located therein.
Patent GB-469403-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of inner tubes for tyres
IPC: B29C65/00
Filed: 1936-01-23
Abstract: 469,403. Valve components. AVON INDIA RUBBER CO., Ltd., and KILBORN, K. B. Jan. 23, 1936, No. 2205. [Class 135] [Also in Groups V and XXXIV] Valve stems comprising a metal stem and a fully or partiallv vulcanized rubber disc are attached to unvulcanized inner tubes by roughening the surface of the latter in such a manner as to heat it, and immediately applying the valve unit. The roughening may be performed by circular scraping with a wire brush; wires may be removed from the centre of the brush to indicate the position for the hole, or the brush may be provided with a hollow drill. Apparatus for performing the brushing comprises a table with a clamp w for holding the tube, and a circularly rotated brush h which may be brought down on the work by a lever q and a rack-and-pinion.
Patent GB-1059821-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pneumatic typres
Inventor: WELLS WILLIAM NEIL
IPC: B60C15/04
Filed: 1963-01-18
Abstract: 1,059,821. Tyre bead cores. DUNLOP RUBBER CO. Ltd. Dec. 23, 1963 [Jan. 18, 1963], No. 2251/63. Heading B7C. A pneumatic tyre bead core comprises a plurality of convolutions of metal strip 13 on wire 5, each convolution being separated from and bonded to adjacent convolutions by a substantially inextensible bonding agent such as solder or an epoxy resin so as to distribute stresses to all parts of the core. The convolutions are preferably formed from a single length of steel which may be coated with the bonding agent before being wound or, when solder is used, the convolutions may be formed and then immersed in a bath of liquid solder after which the core is sweated into a solid mass of square cross-section. As shown in Fig. 4, the convolutions may be formed from steel strip curved in cross-section, wherein the radially inner surfaces of the convolutions are concave to prohibit relative axial movement therebetween, a steel packing ring 15 being provided to give the core a convex radially inner surface. In one modification (Fig. 5, not shown), the strip is of flat cross-section and in a further modification (Fig. 3, not shown) the radially inner surfaces of the convolutions are convex and no packing ring is provided.
Patent GB-864517-A (GB)
Title: Gas turbine engine
IPC: F02C7/20
Filed: 1958-01-24
Abstract: 864,517. Generating combustion products under pressure. AVCO MANUFACTURING CORPORATION. Jan. 24, 1958 [May 1, 1957], No. 2395/58. Class 51 (1). [Also in Group XXVI] The air discharge from the compressor 18 discharges through a radial flow diffuser 20a provided with vanes 21 into an annular air chamber 22 provided with vanes 21a to reduce the swirl. One half of this air flow is deflected by scoops 26 to form dilution air in the combustion chamber 25. The remainder of the air flows to the chamber 22a from whence it flows through openings in the wall 27 to form the primary air supply. Openings 29a, 29b, 29c are arranged so that the air flow through the openings is in the same direction as the gas flow in the combustion space. Primary air and fuel is provided by a number of fuel injection units 28 spaced around the chamber 25. The combustion gases make substantially a 180 degree turn 32 to enter the compressor driving turbine 34 and useful power turbine 36. The arrangement is such that the power turbine 36 together with the rear section of the annular combustion chamber may be removed by unbolting a flanged joint. The combustion chamber 25, passage 32 and turbine casing are connected by slip-joints for this purpose.
Patent GB-127535-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Float Valves.
Inventor: HEYMANN HARRY
IPC: F16K33/00
Filed: 1919-01-31
Abstract: 127,535. Heymann, H. Jan. 31, 1919. Ball and float valves; materials, special.-A ball float 1 is connected to its operating-lever 5 by two or more annular metal strips 2, 3, preferably copper, which are secured together at diametrically opposite points 4 to enclose the ball. When a hollow glass ball 1 is used, the point 4 may be arranged where the globe has been sealed off; or, if a glass nipple has been left, it may be used for anchoring three or more strips. In one form, the free ends of the metal strips are bent, hooklike, round a ring carried by a small disk to which the lever is attached.
Patent GB-289179-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to head lamps for motor vehicles
IPC: B60Q1/124
Filed: 1927-10-24
Abstract: 289,179. Anderson, C. D. Oct. 24, 1927. Vehicle lamps, directing. - I n means for directing headlamps from the steering- gear, each lamp a is mounted on a plate c rotatably mounted on ball bearings i on a plate d secured to the frame e, the plates c being connected together by arms b and a link j, and one of the plates c is connected by links. m, k<1> and a lever n, pivoted at n<1> to the chassis.. with the steering-lever k. The plates c, d are held together by a spring h and a nut g on the pivot pin f.
Patent GB-665626-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to process of preparing aldehydo compounds
IPC: C07C205/51
Filed: 1949-01-31
Abstract: Aldehydes of the formula <FORM:0665626/IV (b)/1> where R is an aliphatic group of 1-4 carbon atoms and R1 and R2 are hydrogen or similar aliphatic groups, are obtained by reacting R1-CH=CR2-CHO with nitro-malonic esters in the presence of an alkaline catalyst such as sodium ethoxide, triethylamine, tripropylamine or tributylamine.  A solvent such as ethanol or benzene may be used. Examples show the reaction of acrolein with ethyl nitromalonate to give g -nitro-g g -dicarbethoxy-butyraldehyde, which forms a 2 : 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone.  The methyl, propyl and butyl esters may also be used; methacrolein and crotonaldehyde are other suitable aldehydes.  Amino-acids may be synthesized from the above nitro-aldehyde (R=Et, R1=R2=H) as follows: (1) the phenylhydrazone is ring-closed to give <FORM:0665626/IV (b)/2> which is then decarboxylated to the a -nitro-b -indolyl-propionic ester; the nitro group is then reduced and the product hydrolysed to give tryptophane; (2) the aldehyde cyanhydrin is dehydrated to the unsaturated nitrile, hydrogenated to 1 : 1-dicarbethoxy-1 : 5-diamino pentane which is then hydrolysed to lysine; (3) the aldehyde is converted into its oxime, aldimine, phenylhydrazone or semicarbazone and reduced to yield 1 : 1 - dicarbethoxy - 1 : 4 - diamino - butane; this can be hydrolysed to ornithine; (4) direct hydrogenation of the aldehyde yields (with spontaneous ring-closure) 2 : 2-dicarbethoxy-pyrrolidine which is hydrolysed and decarboxylated to give proline.  It is also stated that the other aldehydes (R1 or R2=alkyl) may be used for the synthesis of alkyl-substituted amino acids.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to compounds of the first formula above where R may be hydrogen. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-821774-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of attaching carbon bodies to metal bodies
Inventor: COHEN EDWARD
IPC: C04B37/02
Filed: 1957-01-24
Abstract: 821,774. Making bellows; brazing. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Jan. 24, 1958 [Jan. 24, 1957], No. 2673/57. Classes 83 (2) and 83 (4). In brazing a carbon body to a metal body containing titanium and/or zirconium the brazing material comprises one or more of copper, silver and gold and brazing takes place in an inert atmosphere. In securing a graphite ring to a phosphor bronze bellows, to form a selflubricating sealing device for a compressor to rotate with a shaft while its graphite ring seats against a stationary surface, a large diameter ring of titanium 0.010 inch thick is brazed to the graphite ring by placing an annulus of silvercopper eutectic alloy 0.003 inch thick between the rings and heating to 950‹ C. for 30 seconds in a vacuum furnace. The titanium ring is then welded to an inturned flange on the bellows. In another embodiment a silver-copper eutectic alloy is placed between the carbon body and a thin sheet of titanium with additional silvercopper eutectic between the titanium and a body of copper, the assembly being heated to 950‹ C. for 30 seconds in a vacuum. Zirconium or zirconium-titanium alloy may be used in place of titanium. It is stated that the method may be employed in the manufacture of carbon resistors, potentiometers, brushes and sliding contacts, graphite anodes in electric discharge devices, carbon rubbing-plates in dry sealed blowers and compressors, clutch-rings, graphite impellers for chemical pumps, and diamond dies, cutting-tools, &c., having diamonds attached to metal bodies. According to the Provisional Specification a carbon body may be brazed directly to a body of metal other than titanium by including titanium or zirconium in the brazing material. Specification 821,773 is referred to.