baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1057728-A (GB)
Title: Olefin polymerisation and polyolefins produced thereby
Inventor: BERGER MARTIN NORBERT
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1963-11-21
Abstract: Ethylene is continuously polymerized with the aid of a Ziegler catalyst in two polymerization zones, the polyethylene formed in the first zone together with the catalyst being passed to the second zone wherein ethylene is polymerized with the catalyst from the first zone. The polyethylene prepared in the first zone has an intrinsic viscosity between 0.4 and 2, whilst the polyethylene prepared in the second zone has an intrinsic viscosity between 3 and 20.  The product recovered from zone two comprises an admixture of these polyethylenes. The relative amounts of polyethylene formed in the two zones is such that the product has a flow parameter, A.S.T.M. 1238/57T, in the range of 1.4 to 2.5.  If desired, polyethylene of I.V. 3-20 may be formed in the first zone and polyethylene of 0.4 to 2 in the second zone. In a modification, ethylene may be polymerized in one or both zones, in the presence of a minor proportion of propylene, or butene-1, i.e. a copolymer being formed containing up to 10% by weight of propylene or butene-1.  A molecular weight modifier, e.g. hydrogen, may be used in either of the zones.  The exemplified catalyst is gamma TiCl3 and AlEt2Cl.  The polymerization is preferably carried out in an inert diluent, and effected continuously.
Patent GB-1396869-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for processing yarn
IPC: B65H63/032
Filed: 1971-10-04
Abstract: 1396869 Yarn package supports IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 2 Oct 1972 [4 Oct 1971] 46042/71 Heading B8M [Also in Division D1] A yarn package support 5 has an extensible pin 4 which, when extended, engages the yarn as it is drawn off over-end, the yarn then winding itself around the pin until held sufficiently tightly that the yarn breaks. Specification 1,389,938 is referred to.
Patent GB-1096986-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in buttons
IPC: A44B1/30
Filed: 1966-08-26
Abstract: 1,096,986. Buttons. J. EVANS. Aug. 26, 1966, No. 46185/66. Heading A3H. A button fastening comprises a screw, two washers centrally apertured to be mounted on the screw, the washers having opposed co-operating corrugations between which is clamped the material to which the fastening is to be attached and a button head having an internal bore to engage with the thread of the screw to clamp the washers together. The head of the screw fits in a recess provided in the washers and in the button head.
Patent GB-989518-A (GB)
Title: Cutting of multi-impression moulded webs
Inventor: FAGENCE SIDNEY WALTER
IPC: B29C51/44
Filed: 1962-12-07
Abstract: 989,518. Cutting moulded webs. M. L. SHELLEY & PARTNERS Ltd. March 6, 1964 [Dec. 7, 1962], No. 46228/62. Heading B5A. A web 1 of thermoplastic material, having at least two longitudinal rows of moulded cavities 2 is advanced by a predetermined amount, clamped against movement and then cut into strips by knives which are passed longitudinally through the web between said rows. As shown, a blow or vacuum moulded web 1, supported by pairs of spaced bars is advanced by gripping it between co-operating suction cups 15 which are laterally spaced along bars 14 carried between upper and lower pairs of moving chains 6 and 9. Upon further movement of the chains the sheet is released as in Fig. 1 and then clamped against longitudinal movement by reciprocable suction cups 19, 20. Knives 17 mounted diametrically opposite to suction pads 15 on chains 6 then pass longitudinally through the web, passing between pairs of supports 13, the cut sheet being subsequently re-gripped by cups 15, advanced, and the clamping and cutting cycle repeated. The amount by which the web is advanced is controlled by varying the point along the web at which the suction is applied to the cups 15 as they move along the web.
Patent GB-1041994-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of nitroparaffins
IPC: C07C205/02
Filed: 1964-11-13
Abstract: Nitroparaffins are made by reacting an alkyl nitrite, having at least 2 carbon atoms, with nitric acid or an oxide of nitrogen higher than nitric oxide in the vapour phase at a temperature of at least 240 DEG C.  The reaction proceeds with splitting of the alkyl nitrite molecule to yield a nitroparaffin containing fewer carbon atoms than the starting material.  Nitrogen dioxide is specified as a suitable nitrating agent. Examples relate to the preparation of nitromethane, nitroethane, 2-nitropropane, nitrobutane and nitropentane.
Patent GB-971025-A (GB)
Title: Combined lighting and heating installations
Inventor: COLES PETER ALAN
IPC: F24D3/16
Filed: 1961-12-28
Abstract: 971,025. Lighting installations; space heating radiators. COPPERAD Ltd., and BENJAMIN ELECTRIC Ltd. March 27, 1963 [Dec. 28, 1961], No. 46447/61. Headings F4R and F4S. A combined lighting and heating installation comprises a support carrying at least one elongated heater and at least one elongated lighting fitting, means being provided between the support and the heater and/or lighting fitting to take up relative expansion in the longitudinal direction during operation. In the form shown for use in factory lighting and. heating, heaters 12 consisting of a length of hot water or steam pipe in thermal contact with a corrugated plate 13 and provided with a top cover with thermal insulation to minimize upward emission of heat are supported on a series of rails 15 on opposite sides of trunking 11 supporting light sources 20 and reflectors 10. The heaters may be supported from the rails 15 by rods 16 having hooked ends. The rails may carry brackets 21 supporting rollers 18 on which horizontal plates 19 on the top of the trunking can move. The edges of the reflectors 10 are preferably lower than and spaced from the adjacent edges of the heaters.
Patent GB-1092113-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to supercharging systems for internal-combustion engines
IPC: F02B37/013
Filed: 1964-11-16
Abstract: 1,092,113. Supercharging systems. NORDBERG MANUFACTURING CO. Nov. 16, 1964 [Nov.14, 1963], No.46675/64. Heading F1B. A supercharging system comprises two exhaust-driven compressors 20, 16, Fig. 1, in series with a cooler 24 between the high-pressure compressor 16 and the engine. The temperature of the exhaust gases is increased, e.g. by modification of the inlet valve timing to reduce the compression ratio at high loads. An inter-cooler 22 may be situated between the compressors. In Fig. 7 (not shown), the turbines (70), (72), drive compressors (50), (54), in series and the cooler (56) may be by-passed at low loads through a by-pass (60) controlled by a valve (62) operated by a thermostat (66) responsive to the compressed air temperature. The inlet valve push rod (94) is adjusted by a piston (82) responsive to intake manifold pressure to vary the valve timing to reduce the compression ratio at high loads. In a modification a throttle valve in the intake manifold is closed at high loads. In a two-stroke engine, Fig. 9 (not shown), the exhaust-driven compressors (136), (140) deliver to an engine driven compressor (142) with a cooler (144) downstream thereof. The compression ratio is reduced at high loads by variation in the timing of a valve (158) controlling a port (156) so that part of the charge is rejected on the compression stroke. The timing of valve (158) is adjusted by a piston (164) responsive to both intake and exhaust manifold pressures. In Fig. 10 (not shown) the exhaust gases from the high-pressure turbine (184) flow through pipes (186), (188), to two low-pressure turbines (192), (194), driving two compressors (190), (202), delivering in parallel to a highpressure compressor (178). At low loads the turbine (194) is put out of action by closing valve (196) controlled by a governor (200). In a modification, the low-pressure turbine is controlled by a device responsive to atmospheric pressure. In a V-engine Fig. 13 (not shown) the two cylinder banks drive separate high-pressure turbochargers, the exhaust from which flow to a common lowpressure turbocharger. In Fig. 12 (not shown) the aftercooler (228) is in the circuit of the engine cooling system having a radiator (236) with a temperature controlled by-pass (242). At starting and low loads heated air is delivered to the intake manifold by an independently driven blower (246) associated with a burner (248).
Patent GB-1281815-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to non-separating compositions
IPC: C07C67/00
Filed: 1970-10-02
Abstract: 1281815 Non-separating dibenzoyl peroxide or derivative compositions KONINKLIJKE INDUSTRIEELE MAATSCHAPPIJ NOURY & VAN DER LANDE NV 2 Oct 1970 [27 Oct 1969] 47040/70 Heading C3P A non-separating composition is prepared by admixing by weight, 20-60 parts of dibenzoyl peroxide or a ring-substituted derivative thereof, 0-20 parts of water, an inert plasticizer, and a hydrophobic alkyl group-containing silica in an amount sufficient to prevent the composition from physically separating into its components for a time sufficient to obtain a homogenous composition. The compositions may be used as initiators in the copolymerization of unsaturated polyesters and monomers containing one or more vinyl groups. In the examples compositions are prepared from dibenzoyl peroxide, methyl group-containing silica, dibutyl phthalate, water, ZnO, P.V.E. dit Rot B and Siccapol Rot A 001 (dyes), dimethyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, epoxidized soya bean oil, polyglycol phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, acetyltributyl cirtrate, dioctyl adipate, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, p-chloro benzoyl peroxide and p-methoxybenzoyl peroxide.
Patent GB-470800-A (GB)
Abstract: 470,800. Albums, pattern books, &c. AINSWORTH, A. A. May 28, 1936, No. 15107. [Classes 11 and 16] [Also in Group XVIII] Relates to albums, folders, display cards, &c. in which series of photographs, fabric samples, &c. are hingedly mounted in overlapping relation so that they may be turned over for individual inspection. The album, &c. comprises front and back covers 2, 3, Fig. 1, connected by an intermediate section 4, and has disposed along a margin of the cover a storage compartment for holding photographic film in spool form. The covers, and intermediate sheets, if any, are provided with rows of hinges 14, which may be formed by angular cuts in sheets of fabric attached to the covers. Photographs &c. 13 are attached by adhesive to the hinges, so as to lie in overlapping relation. To hold the photographs down whilst the supporting sheet is turned, elastic bands 16 attached to studs 17 are drawn over them and passed around studs 18. The intermediate section 4 carries a rectangular receptacle 5, provided with a hinged cover, and containing small tubes 12 to receive film spools. Stepped supports 25, Fig. 4, to which intermediate sheets 26 are hinged, may be provided on either side of the film receptacle. The stepped arrangement serves to space the sheets apart at their hinged ends, so as to allow for their thickness, and to prevent strain on the hinges. The film receptacle 5a may project beyond the plane of the covers, as shown in Fig. 5, or may be arranged adjacent to the inner or outer edge of one cover.
Patent GB-1411429-A (GB)
Title: Replenishment of electroless copper solutions
IPC: C25D21/18
Filed: 1972-10-12
Abstract: 1411429 Replenishment of electroless Cu solutions SHIPLEY CO Inc 12 Oct 1972 [12 Oct 1971] 47103/72 Heading C7F An electroless copper-plating bath is replenished by additions in dry form, i.e. powder or tablets, or as concentrated solutions having at least 75% solids content. The additions are made below the bath surface and agitated, or by circulating some of the bath solution through the replenisher constituents. The replenisher constituents include a source of cupric ions, eg CuSO 4 , CuCl 2 , Cu(NO 3 ) 2 , Cu(OH) 2 , cupric tartrate or cupric acetate; a source of formaldehyde, eg paraformaldehyde; a complexing agent, eg Rochelle salt, Na salts of EDTA, modified EDTA acids, tartaric acid, sodium salicylate, sodium tartrate, or nitrilotriacetic acid and alkali metal salts thereof; a hydroxide, eg NaOH; and also chelating agents, stabilizers, brighteners, surfactants etc. In Fig. 1, overflow from the bath 101 can be passed through valve 107, and to outlet 202 where it enters a Venturi nozzle 203 tangentially. The swirling solution then passes through replenishment powders 204 held in a porous bag 205, after which the replenished solution is fed back into the overflow tank 102 and into the bath 101 through valve 108. An example discloses coating phenolic substrates.
Patent GB-1208415-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to thermo-copying
Inventor: VRANCKEN MARCEL NICOLAS
IPC: B41M5/36
Filed: 1966-10-24
Abstract: 1,208,415. Thermographic processes. GEVAERT-AGFA N.V. Oct.12, 1967 [Oct. 24, 1966], No.47627/66. Heading G2C. A thermographic process which comprises imagewise exposing to heat a heat sensitive material comprising a support optionally carrying an interlayer and a water-permeable heat-sensitive layer which changes its water-permeability on heating, applying an aqueous solution of a substance which penetrates the more water-permeable areas and effects a physical and/or chemical charge in the interlayer or support and then removing the heat sensitive layer. The heat-sensitive layer may be one containing light or heat-absorbent particles which is briefly exposed to flash as disclosed in Specification 1, 160, 221 or one in which such particles are formed by exposure such as silver particles on exposure of a silver halide emulsion. Alternatively a heat-sensitive layer of wax particles in a polymeric binder as disclosed in Specification 1, 208, 414 a gelatine layer as in Specification 985, 433, or a polyvinyl alcohol with at least 95% hydroxyl group as in Specification 1,139, 892 may be used. In the examples, a support is coated with a gelatine interlayer which may contain a mordant or fogged silver halide and overcoated with a heat sensitive layer of polyethylene particles dispersed in gelatine or polyvinylpyrrolidone and optionally contains carbon black. The material is imagewise exposed to flash (if carbon is present) or to infrared and developed with an aqueous dye solution which is mordanted by the interlayer, with tannic acid solution to render gelatine hydrophobic, or with a silver halide developer if it is a fogged gelatino silver halide interlayer. The heat-sensitive layer is then removed by rubbing in water to leave the dye or silver image or a printing plate. Multicoloured images may be produced by exposing the material to a yellow colour separation negative and developing with an aqueous solution of a yellow dye and then removing the heat-sensitive layer and recoating, re-exposing and re-developing to produce a magenta image and then repeating those steps to produce a cyan image.
Patent GB-1310200-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor target image pickup tube
IPC: H01L27/00
Filed: 1971-10-13
Abstract: 1310200 Image pick-up tubes; semi-conductor targets HITACHI Ltd 13 Oct 1971 [23 Oct 1970] 47671/71 Headings H1D and H1K A target for an image pick-up tube comprises a semi-conductor 11, Fig. 1b, provided with junction areas 13 on one face and with an antireflection layer 18 on the opposite face, the layer 18 containing impurity of the same type as the semi-conductor. The semi-conductor 11 may be N-type silicon in which P-type regions 13 are diffused through apertures in an oxide layer 12; the exposed surface may be coated with antimony trisulphide 15, or alternatively the junction areas 13 may be coated with nickel. The opposite surface is coated with a quarterwavelength anti-reflection coating 18 containing phosphorus which forms an N<SP>+</SP> layer 14 and thereby improves the sensitivity. Electrode processing.-A silicon substrate 200 microns thick is processed in known manner to form the layers 12 and 13 and is etched with a mixture of fluoric and nitric acids to reduce the thickness to 70 microns in the central active part of the target. The layer 18 is formed by a chemical vapour deposition process wherein a mixture of silane (SiH 4 ) phosphine (PH 3 ) oxygen and nitrogen flow over the target whilst it is maintained at 450‹ C. so that an oxide film containing phosphorus is grown to a thickness of 1000 Š in 30 seconds; the supply of phosphine may then be cut off so that this layer is covered by an oxide layer free of phosphorus. Heat treatment at 900‹ C. increases the density of layer 18 and at the same time forms the N<SP>+</SP> layer 14 which may be 0À4 micron thick and have an impurity concentration of 10<SP>21</SP> cm.<SP>-3</SP>. Finally the layer 15 is evaporated over the opposite surface.
Patent GB-1513929-A (GB)
Title: Colour display device
IPC: C09B23/14
Filed: 1975-11-19
Abstract: 1513929 Styryl or azastyryl indolines MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO Ltd 19 Nov 1975 [26 Nov 1974] 47673/75 Heading C2C [Also in Divisions C4 and G2] A material for use as a solute in a liquid crystal display device (see Division G2) has the Formula A where Q is a benzene ring with or without substituents and/or fused rings; R 1  and R 2  are lower alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl groups and may be the same or different; R 3  is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitrile, aryl or aryloxy; Y is oxygen or sulphur; Z is a di-, tri-, or tetramethylene ring closing group and may or may not be substituted with alkyl groups; and C=A represents the condensation reaction residue of an aromatic or heterocyclic aldehyde or nitroso compound with an active methylene group. The material A may be obtained via such a condensation or by treating compounds of the Formula B with alkali. The condensation may be effected by (a) fusing the starting materials, either in the presence or absence of an alkali; (b) heating the starting materials in a non-polar solvent, or an aprotonic type polar solvent, or a protonic solvent, either in the presence or absence of an alkali in each case. In certain cases a mixture of compounds A and B results and further treatment of the product with alkali may be required. 1513936 1,3 - Dithiol - 2 - ylidene malonic esters NIHON NOHYAKU CO Ltd 15 Oct 1975 [18 Oct 1974 22 Oct 1974 (2) 16 July 1975(3) 23 Sept 1975 (2)] 42254/75 Heading C2C Novel 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene malonate derivatives of the formula  wherein R and R<SP>1</SP> are (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl groups, are prepared by either (i) reacting a malonic ester of the formula with a dithiolium salt of the formula wherein R<SP>2</SP> is alkyl or benzyl and X is an anion, in an inert solvent in the presence of a base; (ii) dehydrating a compound of the formula or (iii) chlorinating a compound of the above Formula IV and dehydrochlorinating the product in the presence of a base. The novel compounds possess fungicidal properties.
Patent GB-1515879-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing a dense layered untwisted meat analogue product
IPC: A23J3/22
Filed: 1975-11-20
Abstract: 1515879 Meat analogue WENGER MFG 20 Nov 1975 [27 May 1975] 47744/75 Heading A2B A dense layered untwisted meat analogue is made by heating and agitating an admixture of vegetable protein and moisture to render the same hot and flowable and passing the mixture through an elongated zone whilst subjecting it to displacement forces both in the axial and helical directions so as to stretch and work the protein for subsequent orientation, and thereafter moving the admixture into an elongate processing area and subjecting the admixture to displacement forces primarily in the axial direction causing layering of the admixture and finally extruding said admixture as a dense layered meat analogue product. The product may also contain colouring agents, acids or alkalies, lecithin or sodium sulfite, bisulphite or metabisulphite or DL methionine. The preferred apparatus comprises two screw extruders followed by a cutting device and drying means.
Patent GB-1165159-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of Steel Tubes
IPC: B21C37/09
Filed: 1966-10-25
Abstract: 1,165,159. Welding. BENTELER WERKE A.G. 25 Oct., 1966 [3 Nov., 1965], No. 47811/66. Heading B3R. In making a steel tube strip material is wound into at least two layers and in an oxygen free atmosphere the layers are united without solder by heating to a temperature between the solidus and liquidus of the surface material of the layers so that the layers become fused together. A steel strip without solder coating is wound to form the inner layer 1 and the strip is then wound in tight close contact with the inner layer to form layer 3 with ends 4, 5 aligned. The tube is heated in the oxygen free atmosphere so that the interfaces fuse. The tube may have three layers. The heating may be effected by induction, the surfaces of the layers to be joined may be alloyed to have a solidus temperature lower than that of the remainder of the layers and immediately after fusion the tube may be quenched. A subsequent heat treatment may be provided.
Patent GB-1350540-A (GB)
Title: Flexible flat cable and electrical assemblies
IPC: H01R31/02
Filed: 1972-10-19
Abstract: 1350540 Cable harness; two part coupling AMP Inc 19 Oct 1972 [8 Nov 1971] 48123/72 Headings H2E and H2C [Also in Division H1] A flexible flat cable 6a comprises conductors 8 which extend side by side along the cable and are embedded in insulating material, one edge of the cable being straight, the other edge having a generally sinusoidal configuration and the ends of the cable coinciding with a wide portion of the cable. At the wide portions of the cable each conductor is provided with a contact pad 22 to which is crimped a terminal 26. The cable is then bent about a transverse line 34 (Fig. 2) to provide three parallel rows of terminals which can then be plugged into three parallel rows of contact cavities 38 in connectors 36. The connectors 36 are connected to electrical units (e.g. each connector is attached to the end of a printed circuit board) and associated conductors on each unit are thus brought into electrical contact. If a further row of contact cavities 40 is provided in each connector 36 a further cable 6b is used to interconnect the contacts in associated rows, the shape of each cable being used to allow them to cross the other in passing from one set of rows to the next. In Figs. 7 and 8 (not shown) an arrangement of three cables is shown whereby the contacts of groups of three rows of contact cavities can be joined. A copper shield may be provided on one surface of each cable (Fig. 6, not shown). A connector 74, Fig. 11, for connecting the conductors 72, 721 of a printed circuit board 70 to cables 76, 78 comprises a housing 80 having upper and lower rows of cavities 81 separated by a barrier 97. Each cavity has a terminal 84 for connection to a cable conductor by crimping, each terminal also having a spring contact 88 for engagement with a conductor on the printed circuit board.
Patent GB-1497584-A (GB)
Title: Packaging of decorative items
IPC: B65D5/52
Filed: 1975-11-24
Abstract: 1497584 Picture frames N GLASBAND and H S GLASSBAND 24 Nov 1975 48133/75 Heading A4 [Also in Divisions A6 and B8] A picture frame has inner and outer frames 12, 10 and a cover 16 that closes the inner frame thereby forming a container. A jigsaw puzzle or craft materials can be stored in the container and the assembled puzzle can be stuck to the outside of the cover which is replaced on the frame 12 to form a picture with a frame therearound. In another form the lid can have a picture or other decoration imprinted thereon and the lid is secured back on to the frame 12 after removal of the contents. The inner frame 12 can have a base that is secured to the base of the outer frame or the walls of frame 12 can be secured directly on to the base of the outer frame.