baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1356655-A (GB)
Title: Coating glass
IPC: C03C17/245
Filed: 1971-05-27
Abstract: 1356655 Reactive sputtering oxide coatings PPG INDUSTRIES Inc 27 May 1971 [31 July 1970] 17436/71 Heading C7F Transparent coatings with a resistance <10 ohms square, a light transmittance at least 70%, of oxides of metals atomic number 48- 51 are formed on a ceramic substrate heated by a radiant heat source to between 400‹ F and its distortion temperature, by reactive sputtering the metal cathode in an atmosphere at 10<SP>-1</SP> torr maximum which contains an inert gas and a minimum 0À5% of oxygen. The preferred substrate is glass, the preferred cathode is 80 -99% In/1-20Sn to form a coating of 80-99% In 2 O 3 / 1 - 20% SnO 2 . The substrate is located between an upper reciprocating scanning cathode and a lower radiant heat source and the oxygen pressure in the atmosphere is reduced as the substrate temperature is raised but is still sufficent to maintain a clear coating. The coated substrate is cooled in the low pressure atmosphere to <300‹ F and the process may be controlled by monitoring the resistivity of the film and stopping deposition when the resistivity is <10 ohms per square. The heated substrate may also be surrounded by a frame to reduce edge effects.
Patent GB-1533787-A (GB)
Title: Method for detection of biological particles
IPC: G01N33/543
Filed: 1976-04-30
Abstract: 1533787 Immunological test GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 30 April 1976 [1 May 1975] 17662/76 Heading G1B A method for detecting selected biological particles e.g. antigens or antibodies in a liquid sample comprises contacting the surface of a planar or non-planar, metallic or non-metallic substrate with biological particles specifically sensitive with the selected particles to form a first layer, contacting this with the sample liquid, applying a tagging medium to the coated area of the substrate and contacting the area so treated with a cleaning agent solution such as a solution of a weak acid or alkali or a highly concentrated salt solution, the cleaning agent solution selectively destroying any bonding between the first layer biological particles and the biological particles to be detected, separating the liquid and solid phases and examining the liquid phase for the presence of emanations from the tags. The substrate may be a glass slide or is (preferably) in the form of a small spheres having a non-porous surface of gold, chromium, tantalum or molybdenum.
Patent GB-385305-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dry surface contact rectifying devices
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1931-06-18
Abstract: 385,305. Static contact rectifiers. JENSEN, N. C. F., 45, Villiers Road, Southall, Middlesex. June 18, 1931, No. 17681. [Class 37.] A dry surface contact rectifier comprises twc electrodes 1, 2 of materials having different electrical conductivities and an intermediate layer 3 of a composition prepared from sulphur and a metal which absorbs sulphur. The electrodes 1, 2 may be, one of aluminium, and the other of iron, lead, copper or German silver, or one may be of iron and the other of lead. The intermediate layer 3 is formed by heating copper or silver with sulphur out of contact with air until one or more lumps are formed at about 200‹ C. The crystals are then ground and compacted in a mould under pressure. A pile of such elements may be held under pressure between plates 4, 5 by studs 6, layers 11 of mica being provided between the end plates and the end electrodes of the piles. Tabs 12, 12a on the end electrodes provide connection to the unit. Alternatively the composition may be contained in an insulating tube or other container enclosed in a metal casing and electrodes may pass into the tube, one of the electrodes being adjustable to regulate the pressure therein. The device may be "formed" prior to usage by applying to it a voltage about ' 50 per cent more than that to be normally used.
Patent GB-685357-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dynamo electric machines
IPC: H02K3/50
Filed: 1951-07-26
Abstract: <PICT:0685357/IV (a)/1> The end windings of a dynamo-electric machine are secured by forcing into the space between adjacent end-windings a rope of inorganic fibrous material impregnated with a thermoset resin capable of thermosetting at room temperature.  Various impregnating compositions are described and they preferably comprise one or more compounds having unsaturated groups capable of vinyl-type addition polymerization.
Patent GB-1501191-A (GB)
Title: Cable clips
IPC: F16B2/24
Filed: 1975-04-29
Abstract: 1501191 Clips J A L PETIT 23 April 1976 [29 April 1975] 17726/75 Addition to 1411193 Heading E2B A sticky-back clip as in the main specification but having an eye 22, provided in the limb 14 for for receiving an end portion 20 of the limb 13.
Patent GB-515898-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to radio-receiver antenna lead-in coupling arrangements
IPC: H03H7/01
Filed: 1938-06-14
Abstract: 515,898. Wireless receiving apparatus. CHART, F. J. June 14, 1938, No. 17727. Convention date, June 15, 1937. [Class 40 (v)] [Also in Group XXXV] In an aerial coupling arrangement comprising a transformer with its primary winding electrostatically shielded from one or more secondary windings and designed to secure an accurate balance between the lead-in wires and the transformer to prevent magnetic transfer of disturbing currents picked up by the lead-in wires, the primary winding is wound on the shield in a plurality of layers in such a way that corresponding points are symmetrically disposed about its geometric centre. As shown, the transformer comprises two secondary coils 12, 13 wound on a cylindrical tube 11 and a primary coil 7 wound on an annular support 16 mounted concentrically on the tube 11 between the coils 12, 13. The support 16 which acts as an electrostatic shield is of trough formation with parallel walls and a V-shaped bottom, and has its ends overlapping but insulated by fibre 19. The primary winding has one turn at each end adjacent to one of the parallel walls of the trough and a third (central) turn at the bottom of the V. To compensate for unbalance due to lack of symmetry between the primary and either of the secondary coils or to other causes, the shielded lead-in wires 4, 5 have loops 8, 21 of appropriate length, a switch 20 linked to the wave-band switch 26 being connected in circuit with loop 21 so that a correct balance is obtained when either secondary is used.
Patent GB-354462-A (GB)
IPC: D21C3/00
Filed: 1930-06-07
Abstract: 354,462. Cellulose. STRECKER, O. C., STRECKER, G., and STRECKER, O. H., (trading as STRECKER, DR. O. C.), 6, Olbrichweg, Darmstadt, Germany. June 7, 1930, No. 17755. Convention date, June 7, 1929. [Class 96.] In the production of cellulose fibres from vegetable fibrous materials by treating with boiling lyes containing phenolates according to the process described in Specification 284,846, [Class 96, Paper &c.], the aerobic ferments and similar bodies present in the material treated are first rendered inactive by heating. The degradation of the fibre and the wastage of alkali used is thus considerably reduced. This heating is effected by heating the materials and the metal masses of the boiler containing them and then introducing the lye at a temperature of 100-110 C. as rapidly as possible. A phenolate lye containing free phenol or free phenolic bodies is used and during the boiling process the lignin present in the material treated is split up into phenolic bodies usable to form lye for a subsequent cooking operation. In carrying out the process the temperature of the lye is maintained for about 2 hours at 110-125 C. During this treatment the proportion of phenolic bodies increases. About a quarter of the boiling lye is then withdrawn and replaced either immediately or later in the operation by the same amount of aqueous sodium hydrate solution, the addition being spread over a period of ¢-1 hour, the strength being such that a concentration of phenolate lye of 6-6À5 per cent is maintained. The boiling is continued for a further 3 hours, a part of the lye is again withdrawn and the lye again made up to its original concentration with evaporated wash water or with alkali. The gases and hydrocarbons evolved during the boiling are distilled off. This may be effected after the boiling operation, or during the boiling by circulation of the boiling lye, the pressure and temperature in the boiler being maintained uniform during the operation. The phenolic bodies are separated from the lye by precipitation with carbon dioxide or with lime or similar substance, the separation being effected at a low temperature, and after separation are washed and then treated with alkaline earths, their carbonates, or mixtures of these. The sugars and alkali may be recovered from the surplus lye by known methods.
Patent GB-632400-A (GB)
Title: An improved holder for towels and the like
IPC: A47K10/14
Filed: 1947-07-05
Abstract: 632,400. Towel &c. holders. PAP, L. July 5, 1947, No. 17782. [Class 52 (v)] A towel holder comprises a cup-shaped india-rubber body having a circular resilient part 5 with radial slots 7 and a tapered tubular portion 6 formed integrally with the circular part. The thicker, lower part of the tubular portion is formed with a groove 9 and may be mounted in the circular opening of a panel. Alternatively the holder may be held in position by screws.
Patent GB-595408-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of stainless steels and low carbon ferro-alloys
IPC: C21B13/00
Filed: 1944-09-18
Abstract: In a method of manufacturing stainless steels and low carbon ferro alloys by direct ore reduction, a non-carbonaceous reducing-agent, a slag-making agent and the ore are preheated, preferably to such a temperature and for such a time as to substantially dehydrate them, introduced into a furnace on a bath consisting primarily of molten steel or iron and worked up to a thick viscous basic slag having a high content of oxide of the alloying metal or metals and adapted to retain the reducing agent in suspension.  The slag is then further heated, a further quantity of reducing-agent and slag-making agent added, whereby the slag is worked down to a more fluid state, and the oxides are reduced to the alloying metal or metals.  The reducing agent, which may comprise ferro-silicon, silicon, calcium silicide, ferro-chrome-silicon, ferro-manganese-silicon or aluminium is preferably used in amounts slightly in excess of the theoretical equivalent necessary.  The raw materials should be crushed to three-quarter inch size or less to expedite the reaction. Charging of the furnace may be effected by successive alternate batches of oxides and reducers.  Separate mixtures of ore and a part of the slagging-material and reducing-agent with a further part of the slagging-material may be preheated and charged alternately, and when the thick slag is formed on the bath, further preheated reducing-agent with lime or other slagging-material may be spread over the bath to maintain the basic nature thereof, e.g. to maintain the ratio of total bases to total acids on the slag substantially between 1.25 and 2 to 1.  In the production of ferro-chrome alloys, hot dry chromite and lime mixture is charged into the furnace and fused.  Hot ferro-silicon or silico-ferro-chrome, mixed with lime and heated, is added to build up a thick basic slag, having a high content of oxide of the alloying metal, which is superheated to about 1525 DEG  C. to 1725 DEG  C. and worked down to a more fluid slag by addition of further hot reducing-agent and lime.  Hot or cold iron or steel of appropriate carbon content is added and the whole charge brought to the pouring temperature.  The original bath may be prepared from substantially rust-free scrap iron or scrap alloys which may or may not contain a part of the required alloying metal or metals.  In carrying out the process in a direct arc furnace, the electrodes should be raised clear of the slag bath to avoid carbon pick-up by the bath.
Patent GB-1178615-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Garden Tools
Inventor: BOTHWELL PETER WILLIAM
IPC: A01B1/20
Filed: 1967-04-18
Abstract: 1,178,615. Hand tool handles. P. W. BOTHWELL. 17 July, 1968 [18 April, 1967], No. 17814/67. Heading B4K. [Also in Division A1] An adaptable garden tool has its working part divided into differently formed portions and is pivoted to one end of a shaft so as to be capable of presenting either portion for use. The embodiment of Fig. 1 comprises a channel member 19, attached to a slidable sleeve 18, for resiliently engaging either the fork or the spade end. In an intermediate position, Fig. 3 (not shown), the implement forms a rake or drag. The embodiment of Fig. 8 can be used as a rake, or, by reversing it to present the blade 37, as a tiller. Further by disengaging sleeve 45 from slots 48 and pivoting about bolt 44 one of the cutting edges 39, 40 can be engaged in channel members 46, 47 to produce a drag hoe, Fig. 11 (not shown), or a Dutch hoe, Fig.12 (not shown), respectively. The handle 14 or 41 may be tubular to house small tools, e.g. a dibber and corer, Fig. 7 (not shown), the pivot 13 may be housed between rubber cushions.
Patent GB-992484-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to circular knitting machines
IPC: D04B15/94
Filed: 1964-04-29
Abstract: The circular machine is driven from an electric motor through an infinitely variable transmission which is adjustably controlled by a reversible electric motor.  The controls for the motor may be conveniently disposed around the machine and include limit switches which stop the motor when the transmission reaches a position in which the machine achieves either its maximum or minimum speed.
Patent GB-984041-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to water softener control valves
IPC: F16K31/365
Filed: 1961-05-16
Abstract: A two-valve unit for controlling the directional flow of water through a water softener, and having a two-circuit automatic timer for initiating service and regenerative treatments is characterized by an automatic drain control valve unit with a valve seat in the drain passage from the first valve unit, which valve seat defines a port for the passage of effluent from the first valve unit, a valve body movable longitudinally in the second drain passage and having a passage connecting the second valve drain port with the outlet effluent port and a valve head mounted on said valve body and urged into contact with the valve seat by resilient means.  Specification 444,569 and U.S.A. Specification 2,920,644 are referred to.
Patent GB-499726-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric tumbler switches
IPC: H01H23/16
Filed: 1938-06-16
Abstract: 499,726. Tumbler switches. MANUUS MANUFACTURING CO., Ltd., and SMITH, H. J. June 16, 1938, No. 17887. [Class 38 (v)] A tumbler switch com prises a resilient fixed con tact 4 having its free end slightly raised above the level of a second fixed con tact 5. A movable contact comprises a bridging part 13 mounted on an insulating block 12 having a central recess 15 for the reception of the end of a spring biassed telescopic part 17 of a dolly 11. In the position shown, the pressure of part 17 acts to the left of the free end of contact 4 and contact 13 is tilted so as not to engage contact 5. On moving the dolly across, the contact 13 is moved to the right and tilts to engage contact 5 to make the circuit.
Patent GB-1187342-A (GB)
Title: Brazing Alloy
IPC: B23K35/30
Filed: 1968-04-16
Abstract: 1,187,342. Nickel alloys. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. April 16, 1968 [May 3, 1967], No.17924/68. Heading C7A. A brazing alloy useful in joining stainless steels in high nickel alloys consists, by weight, of:- Ni 50-70% Ge 20-30% Fe 5-15% Cr 0-10% Cr 5-10% one or both Cr 0-10% or Cr 5-10% of Si 2-5% Si 0-5% The alloy melts in the range of 1000‹-1100‹ C.
Patent GB-674333-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in transformers and networks for tapping or branching cables carrying two or more frequency bands
IPC: H04J1/10
Filed: 1949-07-07
Abstract: 674,333. Transmitting news &c. FULLER, D. Q., and PYE, Ltd. July 5, 1950 [July 7, 1949], No. 17946/49. Class 40 (iv). [Also in Group XL (b)] An arrangement for tapping or branching a cable carrying signals in a number of frequency bands comprises a transformer having a primary L1 connected to the main cable and a secondary L2 connected to the tapping cable, and impedance means in series with both primary and secondary, and having a low impedance in one of the frequency bands and a high impedance in another of the bands. As shown, the main cable carries a highfrequency band and a low-frequency band. Impedance C is a condenser and is therefore low in the high-frequency band, thus permitting the transformer to transform high-frequency signals into the branch cable. The impedance C is high in the low-frequency band and thus the low-frequency signals pass untransformed into the tapping cable through the inductances which are low at low frequencies. The low-frequency signals may be transformed by using a choke as impedance C. By-passing condensers are then fitted to the inductances L1 and L2 so that the high-frequency energy can reach the tapping cable. By dividing the secondary L2 connection can be made to several tapping cables. The cables may be coaxial lines and may be carrying sound and television programmes.
Patent GB-1146521-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of zeolitic sorbents
Inventor: KVETINSKAS BRUNO
IPC: C01B39/02
Filed: 1966-04-25
Abstract: 1,146,521. " Zeolite U ". UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS CO. 25 April, 1966, No. 17962/66. Heading C1A. [Also in Divisions B1 and C5] The invention provides a novel synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate designated " zeolite U " having the formula AM 2/n O :Al 2 O 3  :(4À3-5À55)SiO 2  :(0-8)H 2 O wherein M is selected from mono- and divalent metal cations, hydrogen and ammonium cations, n is the valency of the cation, and A has a nominal value of 1. (In the examples, A is 0À93-1À00). X-ray diffraction photographs and data are given for sodium, potassium and calcium zeolite U, and crystal photomicrographs and refractive index data are also given. Other metals (M) specifically mentioned are Li, Rb, Cs, Mg, Sr, Ba, Zn, Ag, Cr and Mn. The size of the pore openings of dehydrated forms of zeolite U is 3-5 Š. The alkali metal forms of zeolite U are prepared by mixing an aqueous silica sol which is substantially free from alkali metals, with an alumina component, water, and a water-soluble alkali metal base, to provide a mixture of composition (as mole ratios): M 2 O/SiO 2  = 0À15-0À6 H 2 O/M 2 O = 30-200 SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3  = 2-10 (M being an alkali metal), maintaining the mixture at 25-150‹ C. for 5-200 hours and separating the crystals formed from the mother liquor. The alumina component is alumina gel or a source of aluminium incipiently capable of forming alumina gel, e.g. alkali metal aluminate or aluminium salts such as acetate, chloride and oxychloride. The water-soluble alkali metal base may be identical with the alumina component (e.g. sodium aluminate) or may be separate (e.g. as an alkali metal hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate). The alkali metal zeolite U obtained may be ion-exchanged using metal or ammonium salts, or an aqueous acid (for hydrogen ion introduction), to obtain the full range of hydrous zeolite defined above. With sodium zeolite U up to about 95% of the sodium ions are replaceable by repeated exchanging. The products may be activated by dehydration by heating to 150-600‹ C. preferably under reduced pressure or in the presence of a perfluent inert gas. Silica sol for use in the above process is obtainable (a) by hydrolysis of dialkyl silicates and (b) by removal of alkali metal ion (e.g. by ion exchange) from aqueous dispersions of alkali metal silicates. Alumina gel is obtainable (a) by the reaction of aluminium with water, preferably catalysed with mercury or a mercuric salt and (b) by mixing an aqueous aluminium salt (e.g. chloride) with a base (e.g. NaOH, NH 4 OH). Chabazite in its natural, sodium, potassium and calcium forms and the preparation thereof are described in a comparative example. X-ray diffraction photographs and data, crystal photomicrographs and refractive index data are given.
Patent GB-784651-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in grill pans
Inventor: LUSK ARCHIBALD
IPC: A47J45/08
Filed: 1955-06-22
Abstract: 784,651. Grill pans. PARKINSON & COWAN, Ltd. June 21, 1956 [June 22, 1955], No. 18021/55. Class 66. The grill pan 1, Fig. 5, has a handle frame of spaced and substantially parallel rods or tubes forming an inclined portion 4 extending upwardly from means 2 attaching it to the pan and a hand grip portion lying below the level of the top of the inclined portion 4, there being a metal shield 5 on the inclined portion 4 to protect the hand from the heat of the grill. The hand grip portion may be enclosed in mating mouldings 7 and 8 of plastic. The part 11, shown in Fig. 5, may be absent. In Fig. 6, the hand grip portion 14 has no separate covering and is connected to the top of the inclined portion 4 by an intermediate, and almost vertical, section 13. The parts 4, 13 and 14 are formed from a single length of tubing folded back on itself.
Patent GB-700330-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a package blank and resulting package
Inventor: MAYER CARL GOTTFRIED
IPC: B65D75/38
Filed: 1951-07-31
Abstract: 700,330. Packages. MAYER & CO., Inc., O. July 31, 1951, No. 18088/51. Classes 18 and 94 (1). A package for slices of bacon &c. comprises a blank having side and end flaps 15, 22 which are folded over the contents and joined by tongue-and-slot connections 28, 29. The filled package may be totally enclosed in transparent sheet. When half empty, the package may be folded in halves about creases 35, 36, the flap 15 overlying the adjacent edges of the folded base.
Patent GB-1462871-A (GB)
Title: Actuator mechanism for a fuel injection pump control member
IPC: F02M59/44
Filed: 1973-04-14
Abstract: 1462871 Regulating I C engine fuel supply CAV Ltd 2 April 1974 [14 April 1973] 18094/73 Heading FIB [Also in Division F2] An actuator mechanism for the control rod 10 of a cam actuated fuel injection pump comprises an electromagnetic device 14 with an output member 19 for connection to the control rod. An angularly movable arm 22, connected to the member 19 by a spring 27 causing engagement of respective abutments 23 and 24 on the arm and member, is pivotally connected to a resilient link 26 rigidly connected to the rod 10. A coil 17 receives an electric current dependent upon driver demand and engine speed to angularly adjust the rotor 15 against the force of a spring 21 acting on the member 19. A stop lever 28 engageable with an abutment 29 on the rod 10 is operable by a linkage to move the rod to a zero or minimum fuel position. The member 19 forms part of a transducer which provides an electrical signal indicative of the rotor angular position which is fed to an electronic circuit controlling the coil current. The pump drive-shaft 12 drives the rotor of a generator 31 to provide an engine speed indicative signal.