baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1046301-A (GB)
Title: Co-polymers of ethylene-vinyl acetate and divinyl esters
Inventor: RESZ RAOUL
IPC: C08F218/08
Filed: 1965-03-02
Abstract: Copolymers of ethylene, 30 to 80% by weight vinyl acetate and 0.02 to 0.5% by weight based on the vinyl acetate of a divinyl ester of a C2- 10 saturated aliphatic or C8- 12 aromatic dicarboxylic acid may be prepared by polymerizing the monomers in the presence of a radical addition polymerization catalyst at 10 DEG  to 200 DEG  C. and pressures greater than 10 atmospheres.  Specified divinyl esters are divinyl oxalate, succinate, adipate, azelate, sebacate, phthalate and terephthalate, and 1 to 30 weight per cent of other monomers, e.g. monovinyl esters, monovinyl ethers, vinyl halides and N-vinyl lactams, may also be used.  Specified catalysts are lauroyl, acetyl, benzoyl and dichlorobenzoyl peroxides, peroxydicarbonates and azo compounds. Polymerization is preferably effected in the presence of liquid media containing t-butanol. When the reaction medium contains water it is preferably at a pH of 3 to 7.  In examples ethylene, vinyl acetate and divinyl adipate are are copolymerized in t-butanol in the presence of (1) and (2) azodiisobutyronitrile and (4) lauroyl peroxide; and (3) ethylene, vinyl acetate, vinyl 3-chloropropionate and divinyl adipate are copolymerized in t-butanol in the presence of azodiisobutyronitrile.  Copolymers of ethylene, vinyl acetate and divinyl adipate are compounded with (5) furnace black, dioctyl phthalate, stearic acid, phenyl-a -naphthylamine, triallyl cyanurate, dicumyl peroxide and calcium carbonate and extruded to form profiled sealing strips for windows, and (6) silicic acid stearic acid, triallyl cyanurate, dicumyl peroxide and calcium carbonate and extruded to form tubes.
Patent GB-563745-A (GB)
Title: Improved method of softening silk
IPC: D06M13/02
Filed: 1942-06-29
Abstract: Silk is softened by impregnating it with an aqueous liquid containing an emulsion of oil and sufficient acidic material to adjust the pH value to the range 3 to 5.8.  The liquid may also contain a wetting and penetrating agent such as a surface-active alkali metal sulphate or sulphonate or a phospho-lipoid such as lecithin.  Such an addition may also aid in the emulsification of the oil and may serve as a buffer for the acidic substance. Hosiery made from silk which has been softened by the liquid treatment, has improved stretch and tensile strength characteristics, improved form-fitting, and exhibits cleaner knitting stitch.  Prior to the acidic softening bath treatment, the silk may be rinsed in a bath consisting essentially of an acidic material and a buffer which is present in an amount sufficient to adjust and maintain the pH value of the rinsing bath within the range 3.5-5.5.  After the softening treatment and preferably after knitting, the silk may be subjected to a degumming treatment in a hot aqueous bath containing sufficient strong acid to give a pH value of 1-2.9.  The softened and degummed silk may be subjected to a finishing or dyeing treatment in an aqueous bath having a pH value of about 5.2 to 6.5.  In an example, the silk is softened with an aqueous emulsion of mineral oil containing the sodium salt of monoglyceryl lauryl sulphate as penetrant and emulsifying agent, and sufficient monoglyceryl lauryl sulphate to adjust the pH value.  In another example, there is used an emulsion of lecithin oil (a crude lecithin composition containing coconut oil), and acetic acid buffered by sodium acetate.  Instead of lecithin oil there may be used lecithin and mineral oil.  In another example, there is used an emulsion of mineral oil, the sodium salt of monoglyceryl lauryl sulphate, sulphonated castor oil, and acetic acid.  Instead of glyceryl lauryl sulphate there may be used sulphated cottonseed oil, sulphonated castor oil, oleyl sulphate, or an alkyl aryl sulphate. Citric acid may be used instead of acetic acid.  The softening treatment is preferably carried out at elevated temperature.  For the preliminary rinsing bath there may be used a solution of acetic acid buffered with sodium acetate, or of citric acid buffered with disodium hydrogen phosphate.  The degumming of the softened silk may be effected by treatment with a hot dilute solution of hydrochloric acid and calcium chloride.  The degummed silk may be finished by treatment with a hot dilute solution of octadecyl sulphate adjusted to a pH of 5.2-6.5.  An acid dyestuff may be added and the bath may be heated to boiling point.  Calcium chloride and sodium sulphate are added to the hot bath and heating is continued till the desired shade of colour is obtained.  Alkyl sulphates or sulphonates may be added to retard the rate of dyeing.  The dyed material is then washed.
Patent GB-214248-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to steam turbines
IPC: F01K9/00
Filed: 1924-04-08
Abstract: 214,248. Marks, E. C. R., (Erste Br³nner Maschinen-Fabriks-Ges.). April 8, 1924. Motor power plant. To provide for regulation through a wide range, the high or intermediate pressure turbine a discharges through a pipe g and valves h into a number of low-pressure turbines b, c, d arranged in parallel and on the same shaft as the turbine a and adapted to be separately disconnected. Each turbine b, c, d may have its own condenser k or a common condenser may be provided for a group of such turbines.
Patent GB-895206-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to slip draft devices for spinning machines
Inventor: AOKI KUNIO
IPC: D01H5/22
Filed: 1960-03-14
Abstract: 895,206. Drafting arrangements. DAIWA BOSEKI KABUSHIKI-KAISHA. March 14, 1960, No. 8981/60. Class 120(2) A slip-draft device between back and front rollers comprises an upper roller 11 and two lower rollers 8, 16 mounted a little to either side of the axis of the upper roller, one roller 16 being supported on a resilient mounting in order automatically to compensate for any change in sliver thickness. All the top and bottom rollers are rotatably mounted in blocks such as 5 adjustably secured to the frame 3 and providing slots such as 14 in which the top rollers are carried by sleeves such as 11a. Roller 16 is mounted in needle bearings 20 in blocks 18 sliding in a guide-slot in block 5 and resting on adjustable springs 19 on bellows supplied through valves with fluid-pressure. The top rollers are loaded by weights or springs.
Patent GB-639844-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical insulation
IPC: H01B3/02
Filed: 1947-04-02
Abstract: A ferrous metal, e.g. in the form of wires, bars, strips and sheets is provided with a coating of high electrical resistance by a process which comprises treating the member with a solution comprising phosphoric acid, e.g. orthophosphoric acid and a silicon compound capable of liberating microscopically fine silica when heated and heat treating the coated member at a temperature of from 300 DEG  to 950 DEG  C. whereby the phosphoric acid reacts with the ferrous metal and fine silica is simultaneously liberated from the silicon compound.  Specified silicon compounds are tetraethyl, tetrabutyl, methyl, glyceryl, diglycol, ethylene glycol and hexa-ethyl silicates. Suitable solvents are water or an aliphatic alcohol, e.g. ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, diethylene glycol and propylene glycol, or a mixture. The alcohol in the mixture may be replaced wholly or in part by diethyl ether or acetone.  Chromic acid may replace phosphoric acid in amounts up to 35 per cent of the latter. The solution may be applied by dipping, spraying or flowing.  The ferrous member may be a continuous strip which after treatment is wound into a core, annealed, impregnated with a resin and cut to the desired shapes, e.g. transformer cores.  The ferrous material may contain silicon, aluminium, nickel or cobalt.ALSO:Ferrous metal is provided with a coating of high electrical resistance by treatment with a solution of phosphoric acid, e.g., orthophosphoric acid, and a silicon compound capable of liberating microscopically fine silica when heated, and heat treating the coated member at a temperature of from 300-950 DEG C whereby the phosphoric acid reacts with the ferrous metal and fine silica is simultaneously liberated from the silicon compound.  The silicon compound may be tetraethyl, tetrabutyl, methyl, glyceryl, diglycol, ethylene glycol or hexa-ethyl silicate, or a mixture of these compounds.  The solvent may be water or an aliphatic alcohol, e.g., ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or mixtures, or the alcohol in the mixture may be replaced wholly or in part by diethyl ether or acetone.  Chromic acid may replace phosphoric acid in amounts up to 35 per cent.  The solution may be applied by diping, spraying or flowing.  The ferrous member may be a continuous strip which after treatment is wound into a core, annealed, impregnated with a resin and cut to desired shapes, e.g., transformer cores, and may contain silicon, aluminium, nickel or cobalt.
Patent GB-747405-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric boiling plates
Inventor: WINN HORACE JOHN
IPC: H05B3/70
Filed: 1953-04-01
Abstract: 747,405. Casting composite articles; welding by fusion. JACKSON ELECTRIC STOVE CO., Ltd. April 1, 1954 [April 1, 1953], No. 9021/53. Classes 83 (1) and 83 (4). A method of attaching a member to a cast electric boiling - plate comprises incorporating in said part an insert of metal suitable for the subsequent welding thereto of said member. A mild steel insert c supported in a mould f by a pin d is incorporated in a cast iron plate b and a mild-steel stud a and earthing-strip h subsequently welded thereto. A knurled, peripheral groove e assists adhesion.
Patent GB-692235-A (GB)
Title: Diester of diglycollic acid
IPC: C08K5/11
Filed: 1951-04-18
Abstract: The Specification comprises as a new product the beta-phenoxy ethanol di-ester of diglycollic acid.  The compound may be prepared by the direct esterification of diglycollic acid with an excess of the ether-alcohol followed by crystallization from the excess ether-alcohol or the latter may be removed by distillation and the diester allowed to crystallize from the melt or from a solvent.  The diester may be further purified by recrystallization from a solvent such as benzene, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone or ethyl acetate. Other methods of forming the diester may be employed, thus one mol. of diglycollyl chloride may be reacted with two mols. of the ether alcohol in the presence of an inert solvent and an acid acceptor such as pyridine or the diester of ethylene chlorhydrin and diglycollic acid may be prepared and the product condensed with two molar proportions of phenol in the presence of alkali.  An example is given in which the direct esterification method is employed.  It is stated that the product may be used as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose films and plastics, either alone or in conjunction with other plasticizers. It is also stated that the compound has a plasticizing effect on other cellulose esters and ethers but cannot be used as sole plasticizer for such derivatives on account of its tendency to crystallize from films and castings.
Patent GB-182437-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to open-work caps
IPC: A45D8/40
Filed: 1922-03-29
Abstract: 182,437. Werkstatt f³r Masseanform. Ges. June 30, 1921, [Convention date]. Drawings to Specification. Hair-nets.-An openwork cap, for sports or other wear, is knitted or crotcheted in large meshes to substantially the shape of a hemisphere. The lower edge is provided with an elastic band. The Specification as open to inspection under- Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also a similar cap made by netting, and a modification wherein thelower edge is merely reinforced. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1046583-A (GB)
Title: Furnaces for the heat treatment of particulate material
Inventor: BARRINGTON ROBERT ROSS
IPC: F27B15/00
Filed: 1964-03-04
Abstract: 1,046,583. Heat treatment of particulate material. GENERAL MOTORS Ltd. Feb. 18, 1965 [March 4, 1964], No. 9053/64. Heading F4B. Particulate material is heat treated in an inclined tube 10 having burners 26, 28 along the bottom of the tube and a vent 32 extending along the top of the tube. The tube 10, which may have an ovoid or semicircular cross-section, has a feeding extension 14 and an outlet extension 24 leading to a soaking or cooling tower 12 with an enlarged upper part 42, burners 40 and a rotating discharge device 16. Discharge hoods 34 and outlet 44 lead off the gases from the tube 10 and the cooling tower 12. The burners 26 at the upper end of the tube have a layer 30 of porous material to diffuse the combustion gas, which is delivered at such a velocity from burners 26 and 28 that it burns within the material. The furnace may be used to produce a fine calcined alumina from coherent ball-shaped masses of aluminium hydroxide.
Patent GB-923819-A (GB)
Title: An electric circuit breaker
Inventor: BULLOCK JOHN WELLMAN
IPC: F02B3/06
Filed: 1961-03-13
Abstract: 923,819. Automatic circuit-breakers; switches held set and freed mechanically. BRILES PRODUCTS Inc. March 13, 1961, No.9071/61. Class 38 (5). An automatic circuit-breaker has a pair of fixed contacts 18. a pair of movable contacts 26 pivotally-mounted on an insulating bar 30 and a helical bi-metallic element 44 connected between the movable contacts and secured at one end to the bar 30. The other end of the element 44 forms a finger 52 which abuts a shoulder 76 of a slidable release member 54 to hold the contacts closed against the bias of a  spring 42. A rod 82 is secured to an operating plunger 84 and extends through the release member 54. A latch 98 is housed in a slot 96 in the rod 82 and is pivoted on a pin 100 which is secured to the release member 54 and extends through a slot 102 in the rod 82. The rod 82 is provided with a cam pin 104 which extends through an inclined slot 106 in the latch 98. When the circuit-breaker is closed, Fig. 4, the upward thrust of the spring 42 maintains the latch 98 in abutting engagement with a flange 62. To open the switch manually the plunger 84 is pulled up and the upward movement of the rod 82 causes the pin 104 to cam the latch 98 out of engagement with the flange 62. This permits the parts of the circuitbreaker to move up into the positions shown in Fig. 6. Under overload conditions, the heating of the bi-metallic element 44 causes the finger 52 to be removed from abutting engagement with the shoulder 76 to release the moving contact assembly and at the same time to remove the thrust of the spring 42 from the latch 98 so that a spring 90 acting on the plunger 84 moves the plunger to free the latch 98, the circuit-breaker parts then moving to the positions shown in Fig. 6. The circuit-breaker is closed by depressing the plunger 84 until the contacts close and the latch is engaged. The sensitivity of the circuit-breaker is determined by the resistance of a ring 40 which provides a shunt path between the contacts in parallel with the element 44. The current in the helical element 44 may provide a magnetic blow-out and cause eddy currents in the rod 82 to provide an opening accelerating force. A cylindrical barrier 22 and a transverse barrier 24 suitably direct the arc gases. The spring 42 acts on the contact carrying members 28 on the opposite side of the pivots 32 from the contacts 26 so that a wiping action is obtained. The release member 54 is guided by a pin 79 which is fixed in the arrangement shown, though in modified constructions, Figs. 9-13 (not shown), the pin may be moved by an ambient temperature compensating element. These Figures also show other modified details.
Patent GB-653956-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of steel
IPC: C21C7/10
Filed: 1949-04-05
Abstract: The continuous steel making process of Specification 543,245 is modified by adding one or more airtight chambers or utilizing one or more of the furnaces, in which a partial vacuum is maintained to degasify the molten steel.  Two arrangements are illustrated in the Specification.
Patent GB-609930-A (GB)
Title: An improved terminal plug for small gauge screened electric cables
IPC: H01R13/646
Filed: 1946-03-26
Abstract: 609,930. Two-part couplings. COLE, Ltd., E. K., and INSKIP, F. A. March 26, 1946, No. 9236. [Class 38 (i)] A plug for screened cables comprises a splitsleeve 9 having a bore 2 to receive the cable insulation 4 and a narrower bore to embrace the screen 5, the assembly being retained in a cap 10 provided with a pin 11 and held in place by a clip 16 located in a groove 14 provided in the cap, engaging a groove 6 in the sleeve 9. Rubber tubing 15 may be provided on the assembled cap and sleeve. The pin 11 is mounted in insulation 17 fixed in the cap, and is secured to the conductor 7.
Patent GB-355306-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in processes of depilating hides
IPC: C14C1/06
Filed: 1930-03-22
Abstract: Hides are simultaneously bated and depilated by treatment with an enzymatic liquor produced by the culture under aerobic conditions of bacteria of the mesentericus or subtilis type in a carbohydrate-containing medium.  The culture is treated with antiseptic and sterilizing substances, e.g. pine oil and formaldehyde, and the hides are subjected to the liquid so produced at a pH of 8 to 9.  The nutrient medium contains nitrogen from sources such as proteins, ammonium salts, &c., carbohydrates such as starch, dextrine, glucose, and mineral constituents such as salts of potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorous compounds.  As an example ground peanut cake is boiled with dilute p  sulphuric acid and filtered.  The filtrate contains about 8 per cent of extractive matter. Other materials such as bran, wheat, or soya beans may be used.  The filtered wort is neutralized to pH 8,5, sterilized with steam, inoculated at pH 6,2 with a pure culture of bacteria and allowed to develop at 30-40 DEG  C. until sufficient enzymatic products have been obtained.  The development is then stopped by the addition of phenol or other suitable antiseptic.  The hides preparatory to depilation &c. are treated with an alkaline solution, the depilating liquor is added, the pH adjusted to 7 to 10 and an antiseptic (e.g. pine oil and formalin) added to prevent infection during the process.  Specifications 124,718 and 284,719, [both in Class 76, Leather], are referred to.
Patent GB-1396882-A (GB)
Title: Machine for manufacturing hollow structures of settable material for example concrete
IPC: B28B1/14
Filed: 1971-04-14
Abstract: 1396882 Inflatable and perforated mandrel SPIROLL CORP Ltd 7 June 1972 [14 April 1971] 9356/71 Heading B5A Hollow concrete articles are formed in a mould 16 (Fig. 3) having a removable cover 17, vibrators 19, 37, and at least one inflatable and perforated mandrel 28. The mandrel is tapered and comprises a hollow elongate core 23 (Fig. 7) covered by a resilient latex or neoprene membrane that is inflated by fluid pressure applied by an inlet 33, and perforated water extraction portions 52 resiliently attached to the core 23 by leaf springs or rubber bands. The perforations are covered by filter paper and vacuum is applied by inlets 59. The resilient membrane can comprise a thin latex sleeve (32A) (see Fig. 8, not reproduced) surrounded by a reinforcing latex web (70) to prevent balooning. The mandrel has a rectangular or circular cross-section and as described a plurality are attached to wheeled carriages 24 (Fig. 3) moved hydraulically towards and away from the mould 16. The mould comprises a braced base 11, removable pallet 15, sides 16 and a cover 17 attached to a girder 37 for movement vertically by hydraulics or cables (cover 17 can be stationary and pallet 15 movable vertically). Vacuum connections to the moulding surfaces help the moulded article to maintain its shape during setting. A semi-liquid or elastomeric membrane release agent is employed. Operation.-The mandrels 28 are positioned in the mould which is filled from a wheeled hopper (21) (see Figs. 1, 2, not reproduced) while electromagnetic vibrators 19 are operated. The upper surface of the material is screeded level with the sides 16, cover 17 lowered and clamped, and vibrators 37 operated. Vibration is also applied via the fluid inlets 33 to the cores (Fig. 7) while these are inflated to compress the moulding material, and excess liquid is removed by vacuum applied to the portions 52. Vacuum is applied to deflate the cores 23 for mandrel removal. Materials and articles.-Wall panels, floor and roof panels, columns and stairs from concrete, refractory material, ceramics, or gypsum plaster. Concrete may sandwich or be sandwiched by material foamed in the mould by heat application. Steel rods, wire mesh, prestressed steel wire, hardware or window and door frames are placed in the mould.
Patent GB-1082921-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in forming boards for paper making machines
Inventor: BROWN DOUGLAS GRANT
IPC: D21F1/48
Filed: 1965-03-05
Abstract: The wire engaging surface of a forming board consists of a hard dense ceramic material having a Knoop hardness greater than 1600. The surface is formed by three rows of ceramic tiles of dense self-bonded silicon carbide or scintered alumina secured either directly to the board or by an epoxy resin based adhesive to stainless steel members dovetailed to the board.  As described the forming board comprises three pedestals each extending the width of the machine and having the tiles thereon, the pedestals being separated by table rolls. Alternatively only the first pedestal may have the tiles thereon.
Patent GB-287933-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the arrangement of the mixture inlet piping of internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B75/22
Filed: 1928-03-28
Abstract: 287,933. Cattaneo, G. March 30, 1927, [Convention date]. Spray carburettors; vaporizers, external.-In a radial cylinder engine having three rows of four or six cylinders each, all the carburettors V1, V2, V3 are arranged outside the side rows and connected to sets of two or three cylinders, the induction periods of which do not overlap. The induction pipes pass through the water jackets of the cylinder heads, an elastic joint G being provided in the connection to the central row, which may, alternatively, be arranged as shown dotted.
Patent GB-1496284-A (GB)
Title: Valves for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B17/00
Filed: 1975-03-07
Abstract: 1496284 Rotary valves DANA CORP 7 March 1975 [8 March 1974 13 Dec 1974] 9489/75 Heading F1B The subject matter of this Specification is the same as that of Specification 1496282 but the claims are directed to a cylindrical rotary valve having a first diametrally extending passage adapted to communicate a first inlet duct of the engine with a cylinder combustion chamber of the engine, a second diametral passage axially spaced from the first and adapted to communicate a second inlet duct with a pre-combustion chamber associated with the cylinder and a third diametral passage axially spaced from the first and second chambers and adapted to communicate an exhaust duct with the cylinder of the engine, the third passage having ends which open into the periphery of the valve at positions angularly intermediate the positions of the respective ends of the first and second passages.
Patent GB-106023-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Boring, Facing, and like Machine Tools.
IPC: B23Q5/04
Filed: 1916-07-07
Abstract: 106,023. Laidlar, A., and Richards & Co., G. July 7, 1916. Driving machines - @, racing, and milling machines, of the type fitted with a vertically adjustable headstock carrying a rotary tool head, such as is described in Specification 19159/12, have the usual gear-box fitted with a reversing mechanism. The first-motion shaft of the gear-box carries a splined pinion d clutchable at c to a loose pinion a meshing with the gear e on the second-motion shaft. A broad faced pinion f can be slid to drive through a clutch g a pinion also meshing with the gear c. A pinion j connected to a handle outside the gear-box meshes with circular racks k, m on the sliding pins d, f to move them simultaneously in opposite directions.