baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent IT-1282484-B1 (IT)
Title: Unit for transferring cigarette portions from dual rod cigarette machine to filter assembly machine - includes conveyor having first and second seats for respectively receiving first and second cigarette portions at leading station
Inventor: DRAGHETTI FIORENZO
IPC: A24C/
Filed: 1995-05-03
Granted: 1998-03-23
Abstract: The unit (13) comprises a conveyor (15) travelling in a first direction (20) and presenting seats (29,30) for receiving respective the cigarette portions (8,9). The seats are oriented in a second direction (16) crosswise to the first direction (20). There is a loading station (19) through which each seat (29,30) receives a respective cigarette portion (8,9). There is a transfer member (14) facing the loading station (19), and which provide for successively receiving from the manufacturing machine (1) pairs of first (8) and second (9) cigarette portions arranged side by side and parallel to the second direction (16), and for transferring them to the loading station (19) and into respective seats (29,30). The conveyor (15) present a number of first seats (29) and a number of second seats (30) for respectively receiving the first (8) and the second (9) cigarette portions at the loading station (19). The transfer device (14;90) comprises launching member (14) for successively receiving the pairs of first (8) and second (9) cigarette portions, and for simultaneously feeding the two cigarette portions (8,9) in each pair in the second direction (16) and to the loading station (19) in time with the respective seats (29,30).
Patent IT-1278803-B1 (IT)
Inventor: BIAGIOTTI GUGLIELMO
IPC: B31F1/07
Filed: 1995-12-05
Granted: 1997-11-28
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/IT96/00238 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 28, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 28, 1998 PCT Filed Dec. 2, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/20687 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 12, 1997An embossing and laminating machine comprising a first embossing cylinder with a surface provided with a first set of protuberances, a second embossing cylinder with a surface provided with a second set of protuberances, said two embossing cylinders forming a nip, and a first and a second pressure roller interacting with said first and second embossing cylinders respectively; and in which said sets of protuberances are made in such a way that in said nip some of said first set of protuberances coincide with some of said second set of protuberances, while other protuberances of said first set are out of phase with corresponding protuberances of said second set, wherein said embossing cylinders are mechanically connected by a transmission which does not keep the cylinders in phase and which causes slight relative slippage between said embossing cylinders.
Patent IT-1265019-B1 (IT)
Title: Equipment for the provision of a second telephone line to users' premises without the use of another physical pair
Inventor: DE FEO CARLO
IPC: H04M/
Filed: 1993-05-06
Granted: 1996-10-17
Abstract: System for the provision of a second telephone line to users' premises which does not involve a further physical pair, comprising a central unit 1 and user equipment 2 in which the telephone lines and the corresponding signals operate in a 2B + D configuration and with 2B1Q line coding. The system performs automatic recovery on the telephone line if the digital channel fails. (Fig. 1) <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1276631-B1 (IT)
Title: Lettino pieghevole e chiudibile
Inventor: CAPOGROSSO MARCO
IPC: A47C/
Filed: 1995-11-30
Granted: 1997-11-03
Abstract: Oggetto della presente invenzione, è un lettino pieghevole, chiudibile, il cui piano di appoggio è formato da tela o simili, mentre il telaio è realizzato con elementi longitudinali scatolati di sezione poligonale, i quali grazie ad un sistema di aste a pantografo che li collegano possono essere avvicinati così da ridurre notevolmente l'ingombro del lettino quando non in uso.
Patent IT-1306847-B1 (IT)
Inventor: MANNA BIAGIO CARLO
IPC: E04B5/48
Filed: 1999-03-26
Granted: 2001-10-11
Abstract: A demountable modular floor for watertight raised decks consisting of a plurality of modularly assemblable composite slabs made of steel sheet and concrete, provided with a drainage system for collecting and conveying the rainwater between the slabs, wherein each composite slab comprises a bottom element (1) made of corrugated metal sheet surrounded by four suitably shaped metal sections (2, 3) and filled with a concrete layer (14), as well as four segments of upwardly open gutters (6, 7) peripherally arranged around said composite slab. The structure is completed by grid elements (8) covering the gutters (6) of larger width. The floor structure allows a rapid setting up of the raised deck and, at the same time, it affords the total dismantling thereof and prevents any seepage or leakage of water towards the underlying area.
Patent IT-1266178-B1 (IT)
Title: Device and method for the cleaning of self-cleaning mixing heads for the production of expanded polyurethane and the like
Inventor: GILARDI PIERO ENRICO
IPC: B29C/
Filed: 1994-07-20
Granted: 1996-12-23
Abstract: A device for cleaning a dispensing means, specifically, a self-cleaning mixing head for the production of expanded polyurethane, comprising a projection nozzle which can be fed with a liquid under pressure and directed toward the surface of the dispensing means being cleaned, means of feeding the liquid under pressure to the projection nozzle, synchronised with the operation of the dispensing means, a deflector body, arranged about the region occupied by the surface being cleaned, and a means of collection, situated underneath the deflector body, to collect the liquid projected by the nozzle and deflected by the deflector body. Preferably the liquid projected is water; the jet projected by the nozzle impinges with a limited angle on the surface being cleaned; the nozzle can also be fed with compressed air, to carry away from the surface of the dispensing means every trace of the liquid used for its cleaning; and the device also comprises purification tubs having filters for recycling of the liquid in a closed or nearly closed cycle. The invention also concerns the method employed by this device. <IMAGE>
Patent JP-3090206-B1 (JP)
Title: サポーター
IPC: A41D1/04
Filed: 1999-05-28
Granted: 2000-09-18
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  上着の上からの着用に適し、小物の携帯に便 利で、シェルの位置調整が可能なサポーターを提供す る。
【解決手段】  チョッキ型着用体２の裏面側にシェル11 を設け、着用体２の表面側にポケット51，51Ａ，51Ｂ， 51Ｃを設ける。前記シェル11を、ホック35，38により位 置調整可能に設ける。着用体２の表面側にシェル11がな いため、表面側に設けたポケット51，51Ａ，51Ｂ，51Ｃ に小物を収納することができる。また、着用者の体形に 合わせてシェル11の位置を自由に調整することができ る。
Patent JP-3108720-B1 (JP)
Title: サーマルリサイクルシステム
IPC: F23G5/02
Filed: 1999-06-30
Granted: 2000-11-13
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  圧縮成形した廃棄物固形化燃料を流動層ボイ ラにて安定的に完全燃焼させることができ、その結果、 流動層ボイラ内壁面の汚損防止による流動層ボイラの連 続運転期間の長期化と、流動層ボイラの燃焼効率の向上 とを図ることができるサーマルリサイクルシステムを提 供する。
【解決手段】  回収した廃プラスチック１１及び繊維質 材料１２を原料として廃棄物固形化燃料１０を製造する 燃料製造装置４と、廃棄物固形化燃料１０を燃焼させる 流動層ボイラ５０とを備えているサーマルリサイクルシ ステム１であって、燃料製造装置４は、破砕された廃プ ラスチック１１及び繊維質材料１２を所定の重量割合で 混合させた混合物を略１ｇ／ｃｍ 3 の密度に圧縮し所定 の形状に成形する圧縮成形機を備えていることを特徴と する。
Patent JP-2929009-B1 (JP)
Title: 自動ドア装置のドアにおけるハンガーローラ脱落防止用具
IPC: E05D15/06
Filed: 1998-07-29
Granted: 1999-08-03
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  自動ドア装置のドアに設けたハンガー金具の ハンガーローラが、ベースレールから走行によるドアの 踊りで脱落するのを防止する用具で、これに駆動用エン ドレスベルトのベルト連結用部を連設して、当該用具の 付け忘れを防止する。
【解決手段】  ドア３に取着のハンガー金具２における ハンガーローラ２ａを、横設ベース１のベースレール１ ｂに係吊後、ハンガー金具２の側端部２ｍに締着具１１ で取着する取着板部１０ａを有する。取着板部１０ａの 下部にはベースレール１ｂの下面１ｃと近接状態となっ てハンガーローラ２ａの脱落を阻止する平板面１０ｅを もつ踊り止め板部１０ｂが備えられ、取着板部１０ａの 上部には自動ドア装置Ｄの駆動用エンドレスベルト７を 把持するベルト押さえ具８が取着可能なベルト連結用部 １０ｃを連設する。
Patent JP-2978486-B1 (JP)
Title: 角落し着脱装置
IPC: E02B7/22
Filed: 1998-10-09
Granted: 1999-11-15
Abstract: 【要約】
【課題】  長さの異なる角落としに対し着脱点の位置を 自在とすることにより所定範囲内で角落しを吊下げでき る角落し着脱装置を得る。
【解決手段】  角落し着脱装置Ａは、吊り具で水平に吊 り下げられる本体部１に２組の着脱部２を設定位置を移 動自在に設け、着脱部２はフックケース２１内にフック ２２と解除手段２３を有し、解除手段２３は回転止め２ ６と操作ロッド２５ｂから成り、フック２２の水平ロッ ド２２ｂを回転止め２６で支持してフック２２を垂直に 保持し、操作ロッド２５ｂを押圧するとフック２２を角 落しの吊金具から解放できるように構成されている。
Patent MD-4116-B1 (MD)
Title: Water-based herbicidal suspension of sulfonylurea, method for controlling undesired plants or inhibiting their growth and method for stabilizing a herbicidal sulfonylurea compound
Inventor: ISHIHARA YOSHIAKI
IPC: A01N25/22
Filed: 2006-07-24
Abstract: The invention relates to a water-based herbicidal suspension, a method for controlling undesired plants or inhibiting their growth and a method for stabilizing the herbicidal sulfonylurea compound.The water-based herbicidal suspension comprises (1) a herbicidal sulfonylurea compound representing at least one member selected from the group consisting of nicosulfuron and flazasulfuron or its salt, (2) an inorganic salt, (3) at least one sulfonate selected from the group consisting of an aryl sulfonate, an alkylaryl sulfonate and their formaldehyde condensates and (4) water.The method for controlling undesired plants or inhibiting their growth includes application of a herbicidally effective amount of the water-based herbicidal suspension, according to the invention, to the undesired plants or to a place where they grow.The method for stabilizing the herbicidal sulfonylurea compound representing at least one member selected from the group consisting of nicosulfuron and flazasulfuron or its salt in the water-based herbicidal suspension includes use of an inorganic salt and at least one sulfonate selected from the group consisting of an aryl sulfonate, an alkylaryl sulfonate and their formaldehyde condensates.
Patent NO-328629-B1 (NO)
Inventor: STEPHENS MICHAEL
IPC: C08F220/56
Filed: 2001-06-22
Abstract: A composition comprising a polymer which comprises repeat units derived from a first unsaturated amide, a hydroxy acrylate, and at least two monomers selected from the group consisting of (1) a vinyl pyridine or derivative thereof and acrylic acid or salt thereof, (2) a vinyl morpholine and a second unsaturated amide; (3) acrylic acid or salt thereof and a second unsaturated amide; (4) acrylic acid or salt thereof, a vinyl pyridine, and a vinyl morpholine; and combination of two or more thereof wherein said first unsaturated amide is not the same as said second unsaturated amide.
Patent NO-315068-B1 (NO)
Title: En innretning for elektrisk kobling
Inventor: ERIKSSON KLAS GOERAN
IPC: E21B17/02
Filed: 2001-11-12
Abstract: En innretning for elektrisk kobling mellom en første (3) og en andre (4) rørseksjon mekanisk koblet til hverandre og som danner et rør innrettet for transport av et fluid. Den første rørseksjon omfatter en første elektrisk vinding (15) og den andre rørseksjon omfatter en andre elektrisk vinding (16). Nevnte første og andre vindinger er innrettet for induktiv kobling mellom den første og den andre rørseksjon.
Patent NO-332239-B1 (NO)
Inventor: ISHIGURO RYUJI
IPC: G06F1/00
Filed: 2001-12-03
Abstract: A content key, an authentication key, and a program data etc. are transmitted with an enabling key block (EKB) in an encrypted key constitution of a tree structure. The EKB has a constitution in which a device as a leaf of the tree holds a leaf key and a limited node key, and a specific enabling key block (EKB) is generated and distributed to a group specified by a specific node to limit devices that can be renewed. As the devices that do not belong to the group cannot perform decryption, the security for distributing keys etc. can be secured. Thus, distribution of various kinds of keys or data is executed in an encryption key constitution of a tree structure to realize an information processing system and method enabling to distribute data efficiently and safely. <IMAGE>
Patent NO-314922-B1 (NO)
Inventor: MORTENSEN NILS CHRISTIAN
IPC: A23L33/20
Filed: 2002-03-08
Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions capable of reducing or preventing the uptake of excess sugars by the body. Such compositions find particular use as a dietary supplement, e.g. for maintaining a particular weight condition, for losing weight or for treating conditions such as obesity. The compositions are orally administrable and comprise at least one alpha-amylase inhibitor together with at least one physiologically acceptable compound capable of reducing intestinal absorption of "fast" sugars.
Patent NO-332918-B1 (NO)
Title: Kjemisk sammensetning omfattende emulgert blanding, fremgangsmate for a fremstille en mikroemulsifisert godt rensende sammenheng.
Inventor: DUNCAN JR WILLIAM MAX
IPC: C11D10/02
Filed: 2002-06-10
Abstract: Det omtales syrebaserte mikroemulsjoner omfattende vann, en syreblanding, en anionisk surfaktant, en ikke-ionisk surfaktant, et ko-løsningsmiddel og et oksidasjonsmiddel. Mikroemulsjonene er særlig velegnet til å rengjøre oljeslam og rester av borevæskeslam fra brønnkutting, brønnformasjoner og ned-i-hullsutstyr og overflatebasert oljebore- og produksjonsutstyr.
Patent NO-332003-B1 (NO)
Title: Apparat og fremgangsmate for sirkulering av fluid gjennom en rorstreng
Inventor: ROBICHAUX DICKY
IPC: E21B19/14
Filed: 2002-07-31
Abstract: Et tangsystem innbefatter en øvre tang (108) som har gripemidler for å gripe et rør (17b) samt en rotasjonsmekanisme for å rotere gripemidlene og røret. En nedre tang (109) har også gripemidler og en rotasjonsmekanisme for å rotere gripemidlene for å tildele et nedre rør (17c) rotasjon, slik at det øvre og det nedre rør kan trekkes til innbyrdes/skrus fra hverandre, også slik at strengen av rør kan roteres for boreformål uten at det kreves et rotasjonsbord. Dessuten har et apparat og en fremgangsmåte for å sirkulere fluid gjennom en rørstreng en første fluidledning (182) for å tilføre fluid til boringen i et øvre rør (17b) som skal trekkes til i eller fraskrus fra rørstrengen, og en andre fluidledning (154) for å tilføre fluid til boringen i rørstrengen, hvilket tillater kontinuerlig sirkulasjon av fluid å pågå mens strengen kjøres inn i/trekkes utfra et borehull, og også mens rør trekkes til i/fraskrus fra strengen. Dessuten en øvre tetning (132) som skal tette rundt et parti av den ytre omkrets av et rør som skal trekkes til i eller fraskrus fra strengen, og et nedre tetningsmiddel (134) som skal tette rundt et parti av den ytre omkrets av strengen, hvor den øvre tetning er en elastomerisk ring som har en indre diameter som er i det vesentlige den samme som rørets ytre diameter. En ventilmekanisme innbefatter dessuten et roterbart plateelement (136) og i det minste en boring (150a,150b) Flateelementet er bevegelig mellom en sperring og ikke- sperring av røret. En sikkerhetsholdekile (208) som skal hindre i det minste ett rør fra å gli i denne har dessuten et første (206) og et andre arrangement (208) av gripeelementer som er koplet til hverandre, fortrinnsvis via en forspenningsmekanisme (210).
Patent NO-321337-B1 (NO)
Inventor: HAGA JOHAN P
IPC: F04D29/28
Filed: 2003-07-31
Abstract: A fan including a plurality of spaced fan bodies that rotate in a substantially cylindrical cavity having inlet and outlet openings for tangential intake and discharge of the fluid, the fan bodies comprising substantially disc-shaped bodies that extend in a substantially radial direction from the shaft and are positioned on the shaft such that the shaft runs through the centre of the fan bodies and in such a manner that a void is formed between two neighbouring fan bodies, and wherein each fan body is connected to the shaft or to a spacer only, and wherein the fan bodies are provided with flow elements on both of their radially extending faces, the flow elements consisting of curved projections, the curved projections being curved forwardly as compared to the direction of rotation of the fan bodies and the curved projections extending between two imaginary circles on the fan bodies' radially extending faces having radii r 1 and r 2 respectively, wherein r 1 <r 2 , the radius r 1 is larger than the outer radius of the shaft or the outer radius of spacers if spacers are provided, and r 2 is substantially coincident with the fan bodies' circumference.
Patent NO-329580-B1 (NO)
Title: Innretning for a hindre relativ dreining i et boreverktoy
Inventor: CARGILL EDWARD JAMES
IPC: E21B7/06
Filed: 2004-12-16
Abstract: Et verktøy med et innvendig element båret av et utvendig, idet verktøyet danner en langsgående akse, en innretning er tilveiebrakt for å hindre relativ dreining av det innvendige element og det utvendige element. Innretningen omfatter en låsemekanisme og en låseaktuator. Låsemekanismen er anbrakt mellom det innvendige og det utvendige element, idet låsemekanismen er bevegelig langsgående mellom en første låsemekanismeposisjon og det innvendige element og det utvendige element er frakoplet og kan dreie relativt og en andre låsemekanismeposisjon hvor det innvendige og det utvendige element gripes og ikke kan dreies relativt. Låseaktuatoren får låsemekanismen til å bevege seg langsgående.
Patent NO-334782-B1 (NO)
Inventor: FANNASCH LOTHAR
IPC: B42D15/10
Filed: 2006-09-15
Abstract: The document (1) has two cover sheets (2) several inserted sheets (3) for stamps, visas etc., and a pass sheet (4) with the personal data of the holder under a covering layer of plastic. The cover sheets, inserted sheets and pass sheet are fixed to each other at a common side edge (14). The transponder layer with a substrate layer of woven material is integrated into the pass sheet.
Patent NO-326793-B1 (NO)
Title: Fremgangsmate og anordning for visning av naerbilder i videokonferanse
Inventor: ENSTAD GISLE
IPC: H04N7/15
Filed: 2006-12-29
Abstract: Foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringer et system og en fremgangsmåte for å lokalisere alle deltagerne i et innfanget oversiktsbilde, ekstrahere én eller flere deler av oversiktsbildet, endre nevnte én eller flere deler digitalt, og deretter fremviser de endrede deler på skjermen sammen med det innfangede oversiktsbildet. Foreliggende oppfinnelse kombinerer kjente teknikker for audiolokalisering med teknikker for videodeteksjon for å avgjøre hvilke del(er) av oversiktsbildet som skal ekstraheres.
Patent NO-326285-B1 (NO)
Title: Fremgangsmate for stoyreduksjon av et videobilde
Inventor: BJONTEGAARD GISLE
IPC: H04N19/895
Filed: 2007-06-25
Abstract: Den foreliggende oppfinnelse er relatert til pre-prosessering av videodata før koding og transmisjon. Spesielt fremviser den foreliggende oppfinnelse en fremgangsmåte for støyreduksjon i høy-tetthetsvideobilder. Dette blir realisert ved implementering av et ikke-komplekst filter som filtrerer rå pikseldatautgang fra et videokamera med lavpassegenskaper for både romlig og temporær støy kombinert med en tilpasning av filteret basert på høyfrekvensinnhold av bildet, noe som etterlater det meste av bildeinnholdet upåvirket av filtreringsprosessen.
Patent NO-339329-B1 (NO)
Inventor: KLASSEN MICHAEL S
IPC: H04B3/36
Filed: 2007-07-02
Abstract: A system and method for waking a person includes the provision of tactile stimulation in a repeating interrupted pattern upon the detection of an alarm signal indicative of an event for which the person should be awakened. In one embodiment, a device for waking a person comprises a circuit for generating a driver signal in response to an alarm signal, the driver signal having a repeating interrupted pattern; an electrically controlled switching device having a control input, a power input and a power output, the power input being connectable to a power source, the control input being connected to receive the driver signal from the circuit; and a tactile stimulation device connected to the power output of the electrically controlled switching device, the tactile stimulation device being configured to produce a tactile stimulation.
Patent PL-146541-B1 (PL)
Title: Method of obtaining 1-substituted derivatives of 6-fluoro-7/-pyrolilo-1/1,4-dihydro-4-keto-quinolino-3-carboxylic acid
IPC: C07D401/04
Filed: 1985-12-12
Abstract: The present invention relates to new 1-substituted derivatives of 6-fluoro-7-(pyrrol-1-yl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, their preparation and their application as drugs. The 1-substituted derivatives of 6-fluoro-7-(pyrrol-1-yl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid according to the invention correspond to the general formula I: <IMAGE>  (I)  in which: R represents a methyl radical, a 2-hydroxyethyl radical, a vinyl radical, a cyclopropylmethyl radical, a propyl radical, a cyclopropyl radical, a 2-fluoroethyl radical, a methylamino radical or an ethylamino radical, as well as their physiologically acceptable alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts. They are useful as antimicrobial agents, in particular as antibacterial and fungistatic agents.
Patent PL-145847-B1 (PL)
Title: Method of treating of strongly acidic catalysts/cation exchangers
IPC: B01J37/10
Filed: 1986-04-04
Abstract: A process for the treatment of a halogenated strongly acidic cation exchange resin catalyst on a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymerizate base which comprises treating the catalyst with deionized water at a temperature ranging from about 100 DEG  to about 150 DEG  C. in the absence of oxygen and metal ions is provided.
Patent PL-156008-B1 (PL)
IPC: B21B/
Filed: 1987-07-21
Abstract: 1. Sposób wytwarzania sześciokątnych
elektrod elektrofiltrów, polegający na gięciu
obwodowym blachy na matrycy o profilu wielokąta,
znamienny tym, że blachę gnie się
obwodowo na matrycy o profilu sześciokątnym
przy zastosowaniu wahliwego docisku
obwodowego.
2. Giętarka do wykonywania sześciokątnych
elektrod elektrofiltrów, zawierająca wielokątny
wał profilujący i elementy dociskowe,
znamienna tym, że składa się z układu dwóch
walców dociskowych (1) z regulowanym dociskiem,
zamocowanych wahliwie we wspólnym
suporcie (3) nad sześciokątnym wałem profilującym
(2).
Patent PL-158975-B1 (PL)
Title: Thyristos pulsed control system of the electrodynamic braking current of a series direct current motor
IPC: H02P3/08
Filed: 1987-08-25
Abstract: Thyristor circuit for pulse regulation of current for electrodynamic braking of a DC series motor, containing, connected to each other, a rotor winding block, an energy receiver block containing preferably an energy loss circuit and an energy recovery circuit, an excitation winding block containing an excitation winding connected in series with a thyristor, and a commutating capacitor block, the commutating capacitor block being connected preferably directly in parallel with the energy receiver block, characterized in that the commutating capacitor block (BKK) is connected directly in parallel with the rotor winding block (BWR), with the excitation winding block (BWB) and with the electrodynamic braking energy receiver block (BOE).<IMAGE>
Patent PL-156228-B1 (PL)
IPC: H02M7/17
Filed: 1988-07-04
Abstract: Układ  regulatora  wysokiego  napięcia  posia­
dający własne źródło napięcia, układ prostowniczy, 
niezależne  źródło  napięcia  odniesienia  połączone 
poprzez elementy zabezpieczające z układem steru­
jącym  i  układem  wykonawczym  oraz  na  wyjściu 
układ regulacji napięcia połączony także z układem 
sterującym,  znamienny tym, że układ (5) wykona­
wczy zbudowany na niskonapięciowym tranzysto­
rze mocy połączony jest z jednym zaciskiem wejś­
ciowym układu 
(8) 
elektronicznego zabezpieczenia 
napięciowego, którego drugi zacisk wejściowy połą­
czony jest z jednym z zacisków wyjściowych układu 
regulatora, a wyjście połączone jest z układem 
(1)
prostowniczym,  przy  czym  układ 
(8) 
elektroni­
cznego zabezpieczenia napięciowego zawiera klucz 
(T)  tranzystorowy  będący  wysokonapięciowym 
tranzystorem małej mocy polaryzowanym z pomoc­
niczego źródła napięcia i diodę (D) ograniczająco- 
podtrzymującą