baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-472545-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the preparation, purification or separation of oxo-compounds
IPC: C07C45/85
Filed: 1936-03-23
Abstract: Aldehydes and ketones are isolated from mixtures containing them by decomposing their bisulphite compounds with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or acetone.  As the decomposition takes place at a specific temperature, the process may also be applied to the separation of one aldehyde from another.  Examples are given of the isolation of phenylacetaldehyde from the crude material which contains polymers, the isolation of benzoic aldehyde from the crude product containing chloro impurities, and the separation of b -ionone from a -ionone; in each case the material is converted into its bisulphite compound, an amount of formaldehyde is then added equivalent to the desired product and the whole is heated to a definite temperature.  The decomposition temperatures of the bisulphite compounds of vanillin, ethylvanillin, n-heptylaldehyde, tolylaldehyde, salicylic aldehyde, heliotropine and n-decylaldehyde with formaldehyde, of n-heptylaldehyde bisulphite with acetaldehyde, and of methyl-n-nonylketone bisulphite with acetone, are stated.  In the case of vanillin, the crude vanillin bisulphite is treated with formaldehyde, when the guaiacoldialdehyde impurity separates out at 26 DEG  C., the isovanillin impurity at 32 DEG  C., the o-vanillin impurity at 34 DEG  C., and substantially pure vanillin at 42 DEG  C. Reference is also made to the separation of citral from citronellal, the aliphatic C7 to C12 aldehydes from one another, and the isolation of a -amyl-cinnamic aldehyde from the impure material.
Patent GB-499550-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to halogen derivatives of rubber
IPC: C08C19/14
Filed: 1938-03-22
Abstract: Rubber is intimately mixed with cellulose or protein, such as wood-pulp, cotton, rags, artificial silk, jute, wool, leather waste, glue, casein, dried blood, with or without a drier such as cobalt linoleate, and the mix is halogenated to give a gummy product soluble in most solvents.  Inert mineral matter such as chalk or clay may be added to assist in the distribution of the cellulose or protein, and increase the surface exposed to the air during mixing.  Halogenation may be effected by adding e.g. bleaching powder during the milling, and extracting the product with a solvent, or the mix may be extracted and treated with gaseous chlorine.  Gelling of the product may be prevented by the addition of coumarone, indene, or like coal-tar product at any stage of the process.  The product is a dark brown tacky gum or gel, soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, ether, and acetone, but insoluble in ethanol, and may be employed in the manufacture of paints and lacquers.
Patent GB-1489635-A (GB)
Title: Packaging materials
IPC: A23L27/60
Filed: 1975-03-03
Abstract: 1489635 Heat treating polymers TOYO SEIKAN KAISHA Ltd 3 March 1975 8809/75 Heading C3P [Also in Division B5] An ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having a vinyl alcohol content (X) of 50-75 mole per cent is heated at a temperature (Y 3 ) given by the relationship: for a time in minutes (t) given by: The resulting polymer has a main endothermic peak (in differential thermal analysis) at a temperature (Y 1 ) substantially of and a subsidiary endothermic peak at a temperature (Y 2 ) given by: The polymer can contain units of a comonomer such as propylene. The polymers have improved gas permeation resistance and can be used as packaging material.
Patent GB-590007-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for carrying out reactions in the presence of contact particles
IPC: B01J8/18
Filed: 1945-04-10
Abstract: <PICT:0590007/III/1> In a process for carrying out chemical reactions, especially the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon oils, wherein contact particles are circulated between a reaction zone 10 and a regeneration zone 77, maintained at widely separated temperatures, spent particles from the reaction zone are passed through a heat-exchanging zone 63 in indirect heat exchange with hot regenerated particles.  Oil introduced at 16 is mixed with regenerated particles from pipe 18, and passes to the reaction zone wherein the particles are maintained in a dense fluidized condition. Spent particles are withdrawn through stripping zone 42 and standpipe 48, and pass to the heat-exchanging zone mixed with regenerating gas from 62.  The heated particles then pass through line 72 to the regenerator, when again a dense fluidized bed is maintained. Regenerated particles are withdrawn via trough 92 and standpipe 96 to the heat-exchanging zone and thence via line 106 to be mixed with fresh oil.  The reaction temperature may be 800 DEG F. or below, the regeneration temperature 1000 DEG F. or above, and the solid/oil ratio 4/1 or higher.  In the catalytic treatment of gasoline to improve the octane number, reaction is carried out at 750 DEG F., regeneration at 1150 DEG F., and the catalyst/oil ratio is about 10. 5/1 .  Reference is also made to the catalytic cracking of light gas oil to form aviation gasoline.ALSO:<PICT:0590007/IV/1> In a process for carrying out chemical reactions, e.g. the treatment of gasolines to improve the octane number, wherein contact particles are circulated between a reaction zone 10 and a regeneration zone 77, maintained at widely separated temperatures, spent particles from the reaction zone are passed through a heat-exchanging zone 63 in indirect heat exchange with hot regenerated particles.  Oil introduced at 16 is mixed with regenerated particles from pipe 18 and passes to the reaction zone wherein the particles are maintained in a dense fluidised condition.  Spent particles are withdrawn through stripping zone 42 and stand-pipe 48, and pass to the heat-exchanging zone mixed with regenerating gas from 62.  The heated particles then pass through line 72 to the regenerator, where again a dense fluidised bed is maintained.  Regenerated particles are withdrawn via trough 92 and stand-pipe 96 to the heat-exchanging zone and thence via line 106 to be mixed with fresh oil.  The reaction temperature may be 800 DEG  F. or below, the regeneration temperature 1000 DEG F. or above, and the solid/oil ratio 4/1 or higher.  In the catalytic treatment of gasolines, reaction is carried out at 750 DEG  F., regeneration at 1150 DEG  F., and the catalyst/oil ratio is about 10.5/1.
Patent GB-1459121-A (GB)
Title: Coating process
IPC: A61K9/50
Filed: 1974-02-27
Abstract: 1459121 Coating process ZENYAKU KOGYO KK 27 Feb 1974 [27 Feb 1973 13 March 1973 (3)] 8952/74 Heading A5B [Also in Division B2] Solid particles such as granules, pills or tablets are coated with a film of digestive-tractsoluble material by a process which comprises adjusting, if necessary, the water content of the particles to 15 to 30% by weight of the particles, adding an organic solvent solution of the digestive-tract-soluble material, and drying the particles whilst submitting them to a rolling movement. The rolling movement may be. provided by a rotary disc rotating at a peripheral speed of between 200 and 450 metres/minute. The solvents may be a mixture of C 1 -C 3  alcohols C 1  or C 2  halogenated hydrocarbons and C 3  or C 4  ketones. The digestivetract-soluble material may be a dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate-alkyl methacrylate, alkyl vinylpyridine-methacrylic acid-alkyl acrylate, or alkyl methacrylate-metlhacrylic acid copolymer, a polyvinylacetal dialkylaminoacetate, or a dicarboxylic acid half ester of cellulose acetate. Water may be added during the addition of the solution, to prevent the particles sticking together.
Patent GB-1507321-A (GB)
Title: Process for steam cracking of hydrocarbon liquid fuel and a burner therefor
IPC: C01B3/34
Filed: 1975-03-04
Abstract: 1507321 Hydrogen-carbon monoxide mixtures KURESEN SANGYO KK 4 March 1975 [7 March 1974] 8959/75 Heading C5E A process for burning hydrocarbon liquid fuel involves the steps of supplying to a reaction chamber the hydrocarbon liquid fuel and steam both at a temperature in the range 800‹C. to 900‹C., steam-cracking the fuel therein in accordance with the equation: and feeding the carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced through gas discharge nozzles into a furnace for combustion. It is stated that the production of nitrogen oxide may thereby be avoided. A magnesium-nickel catalyst may be used for accelerating the steam cracking. The apparatus may consist of a reaction chamber 2, Fig. 1, supplied with hydrocarbon liquid fuel and steam through lines 5, 6, respectively. These may be heated by an auxiliary burner 11. The carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced issue through a ring of nozzles 3 into the furnace 4. Combustion air is supplied to the furnace through conduit 10. The apparatus depicted in Fig 2 includes a gaspermeable catalyst 7 and a high frequency magnetic coil 8 for heating it.
Patent GB-1534918-A (GB)
Title: Electrical apparatus for producing unipolar spark discharges
IPC: H01T15/00
Filed: 1976-03-08
Abstract: 1534918 Safety circuits for spark discharge apparatus KLOCKNER WERKE AG 8 March 1976 [26 March 1975] 09147/76 Heading H2H Apparatus for producing spark discharges for speotroscopic analysis of a metal test sample 18 comprises a contact 24 forming part of a safety circuit which prevents production of the spark discharges unless the safety circuit is completed by engagement between the contact and the test sample and between the test sample and an electrode 19. The electrode 19 is earthed and, provided that the sample 18 is in contact with the electrode, the engagement of the contact 24 with the sample enables a relay 23a to be energized by the rectified output of a transformer 2. The contact 45 of the relay is closed and a switch 5 is closed for a preset time by a timing device. When a starter button 40 is depressed, a relay 41 is energized, closing its contact 44 so that a relay 43 is energized from a mains supply. The contact 13 of the relay 43 is closed so that a transformer 22a connected to a voltage doubling circuit is energized and a spark gap 29, pre-ionized by a mercury vapour lamp 39, enables a spark discharge to be produced between an electrode 17 and the sample 18. The energization of the relay 43 also opens a contact 43<SP>1</SP>, however a capacitor 42 delays the de-energization of the relay 41 to delay opening of the contact 44 until the contact 46 of a relay 51 has closed. The relay 51 is energized via a transistor 50 which is switched on by the potential across a resistor 12. At the end of the preset time the switch 5 opens to return the apparatus to its initial condition.
Patent GB-270877-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in running gear for high speed suspension cars
IPC: B61B3/02
Filed: 1926-04-07
Abstract: 270,877. Stedefeld, C., and Kruckenberg, F. April 7, 1926. Addition to 264,776, [Class 103 (iv), Railway &c. vehicles, Body details &c. of]. Rail-cleaners.-A rail-cleaner or scraper 19 for use on a high-speed suspended vehicle comprises a sliding body 23 held in a similar manner to a dynamo brush and pressed lightly against the rail by a spring 22, the cleaner being supported on a rod 20 extending between the axles 2, 8 of running and counter wheels 1, 6 respectively.
Patent GB-607678-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to dynamo-electric machine drives
IPC: H02K7/102
Filed: 1944-05-15
Abstract: 607,678. Friction couplings. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. (General Electric Co.). May 15, 1944, No. 9242. [Class 80 (ii)] [Also in Group XXXV] An electric motor 10 drives a gear 16, freely mounted on its armatureshaft 14, through a permanentlyengaged friction disc-coupling 18, 20, having a floating intermediate disc 22, which is automatically and positively locked by a spring-loaded pawl 28 when the motor-winding is de-energized, so as to brake independently the driven parts and the motorarmature 14. During running, the pawl 28 is retracted by a solenoid 32 energized simultaneously with the motor-winding.
Patent GB-472686-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to systems and apparatus for controlling the frequencies of electric currents
IPC: H04N5/12
Filed: 1936-03-28
Abstract: 472,686. Automatic control systems. BAIRD TELEVISION, Ltd., and WILLANS, P. W. March 28, 1936, No. 9250. [Class 38 (iv)] Oscillation frequency.-Two oscillation generators of commensurable frequency are interlocked by combining the output of one with a pulse derived from the second, of a shorter duration than the periodic time of the first, and deriving from the combined potential wave a direct current or p.d. wherewith to control the frequency of either. The lower frequency oscillator 1 of the kind described in Specification 456,640, [Group XL], produces a peaked wave in the coil 3 and the second, similar, oscillator 2 by means of coil 4 and integrating elements 5, G, a saw-tooth wave. The combined outputs are fed through a condenser to a rectifier 7 so that it operates as a peak rectifier. The output of 7 is smoothed and fed to a valve 12 and the potential developed in the resistance 13 in its circuit is applied to the circuit of the oscillator 2 to modify its frequency as required. Any oscillator, the frequency of which can be controlled by a potential difference may be used, e.g. a ticking-grid oscillator or multivibrator.
Patent GB-609948-A (GB)
Title: Dyeing of highly polymeric linear esters
IPC: D06P1/28
Filed: 1946-06-06
Abstract: Highly polymeric linear esters obtained by heating glycols of the series HO(CH2)nOH, where n is more than 1, but less than 10, with terephthalic acid or a derivative thereof-particularly polyethylene terephthalate-are dyed with basic dyestuffs, azoic dyestuffs, or leuco sulphuric esters of vat dyestuffs in the presence of a swelling agent for the polyester.  Suitable swelling agents include phenols, amines, carboxylic acids, amides, alcohols, nitriles, a number of which are specified, and also nitrobenzene, tetrachlorethane, tricresyl phosphate and tetramethylsulphone.  Examples are given of the dyeing of polyethylene terephthalate yarn with (1) Malachite Green AS in presence of m-cresol; (2) Magenta PS in presence of acetic acid and benzyl alcohol; (3) Acronol Brilliant Blue AS and b -naphthol; (4) Brenthol AS in presence of m-cresol followed by development with Brentamine Fast Red TR Salt; (5) Soledon Jade Green XS, sodium nitrite and m-cresol followed by development with sulphuric acid, and (6) Soledon Pink FFS, sodium nitrite and b -naphthol followed by development with sulphuric acid.
Patent GB-1500117-A (GB)
Title: Separating solids from gas stream
IPC: B04C5/10
Filed: 1975-03-06
Abstract: 1500117 Cyclone separators BAYER AG 6 March 1975 [6 March 1974] 9340/75 Heading B2P Solids are separated from a gas stream by passing the solids-laden gas stream through a cyclonic separation zone founded by the inner surface of an at least partly porous wall, causing a flushing gas to flow into the separation zone through the wall so that a film of flushing gas is formed over the inner surface of the wall, and withdrawing the solids and the gas stream independently from the separation zone. As shown in Fig. 2, the solids-laden gas stream is introduced through an inlet pipe 1 tangentially into a double-conical cyclone having inner porous walls 6 and outer gasimpervious walls 4 defining with the walls 6 intermediate zones 8 to which flushing gas is supplied via conduits 10. The gas stream outlet pipe is also provided with an inner porous wall 7 surrounded by a gas-impervious outer wall 5, the intermediate zone 9 being supplied with flushing gas through a conduit 10. In another embodiment, the cyclone is of the single-cone type. Water, e.g. in vapour form, may be added to the gas strain before or after it is introduced into the cyclone. The outer walls of the cyclone may be cooled with water. The inner walls 6, 7 may be made of metallic or non-metallic materials, e.g. ceramics, carbon or graphite; the porosity may be produced by sintering, punching, drilling or electrolytically; or the walls may be made from screens or cloths. The flushing gas may consist of one, e.g. nitrogen, chlorine or carbon dioxide, which is inert to the solidsladen gas stream, to the solids and to the constructional materials of the cyclone. Alternatively, part of the separated gas which has been cooled may be recycled as flushing gas. Examples of solids which may be separated out of gases are given.
Patent GB-1101315-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to flying sheers
IPC: B23D25/10
Filed: 1965-03-05
Abstract: 1,101,315. Shearing. DELATTRE-LEVIVIER, and SECIM. 5 March, 1965 [9 March, 1964; 15 Dec., 1964], No. 9421/65. Heading B3W. In an over-hung double crank flying shear which starts from rest at the beginning of each cutting cycle, the cutter 19 is mounted at one end 18 of a bar 17 supported by pins 16 and 16a which are eccentrically mounted on gearwheels 15 and 15a. These gearwheels are themselves mounted on the crank-pins of rotatable cranks 6 and 7, which rotate about stationary shafts 13 and 13a, and on the end of each shaft is fixed a gear 14, 14a. As the cranks 6 and 7 are rotated by the shaft 10, gear 9 and gears 8 and 8a the gears 15 and 15a are carried round and act as planet wheels with the gears 13, 13a acting as sun gears. The ratio between the gears 13, 15 and 13a, 15a is between <SP>1</SP>/ 2  and <SP>1</SP>/ 5  and is preferably <SP>1</SP>/ 3 . With a ratio of <SP>1</SP>/ 3  and a starting position as shown in Fig. 3 in which the cutter is 30 degrees to the right of a plane normal to the workpiece and passing through the axis of the shaft 13, the cutter is carried round by the rotation of the cranks 6 and 7 and the rotation of the planet wheels 15 and 15a and reaches the position shown in Fig. 4 in which its edge is in the vertical plane through the axis of the shaft B, but is above the plane of the work. Further rotation of the crank brings the cutter 19 round again to the cutting position shown in Fig. 5, and continued rotation carries the cutter to the position of Fig. 6 (not shown), in which the cutter is 30 degrees to the left of the vertical plane through the axis of the shaft 13. From this position it is reversed to the starting position. In a modifccation the overhung construction is replaced by a double-sided crank, Fig. 7 (not shown). In this construction the planet wheel 150 has a projecting boss on one side which is eccentric to the wheel and on which is mounted one end of the bar carrying the cutter head. The co-operating cutter may be replaced by an anvil drum rotating at a speed such that its periphery travels at the feed speed of the work
Patent GB-1135616-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for working crop lying on the ground
IPC: A01D78/10
Filed: 1966-03-03
Abstract: 1,135,616. Haymaking machines; implement hitches. C. VAN DER LELY N.V. 3 March, 1966 [6 March, 1965], No. 9435/66. Headings A1F and A1P. A power driven rake member of a rotary rake head haymaking machine comprises a number of tines 38 supported by spokes 30 pivotally mounted on plates 29 fixed to a hub 26 and is characterized by a dish member 40 mounted beneath the spokes to be freely rotatable about an axis inclined to that of the rake member and arranged to engage the spokes to raise the tines away from the ground for part of their path of rotation. Biasing springs 37 associated with the spokes keep the free ends of the tines rotating in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rake member until the spokes engage the dish member 40. The angle through which the spokes are raised can be varied by rotation of the support 39 for the member 40, a lever 48 securing the member in its desired position. Three rake members operates in line with the outer one being pivotable about the rotational axis of the middle one for transport. The machine is coupled to the power lift links of a tractor by an A-frame which incorporates a spring allowing vertical movement of one of the connecting pins for the draft links. In an embodiment the dish member 40 is replaced by a disc rotating about an axis parallel to but spaced from the rotational axis of the rake member, the edge of the disc engaging turned up ends on the rods 32 which are pivoted only to the spokes. A further embodiment having curved tines and two dish members is described in copending Specification 1,135,617.
Patent GB-814891-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to gas cookers
Inventor: ALLEN JACK
IPC: F24C15/00
Filed: 1955-03-31
Abstract: 814,891. Ovens. FLAVEL & CO. Ltd., S. March 29, 1956 [March 31, 1955], No. 9474/55. Class 126 In a gas cooker having an oven and at least one flue duct for the discharge of products of combustion from the oven to the level of the hotplate and forwardly of the splash back, each flue duct or part of it is detachably supported in a guide bracket or brackets so that it can be readily removed for cleaning. Flue ducts 16, formed of two co-operating channel section members are supported between the backplate 2 of a cooker and the back wall of the oven by flanges 24 resting on a bridgepiece at the rear of cooker. Guides 25 and brackets 26 hold the ducts in place with openings 21 co-operating with vents 15 at the back of the oven. Air is drawn into the flues through openings 23 in the back-plate and slots 22 in the ducts. The ducts 16 converge from spaced vents 15 to a single slot in the bridge-piece, and may be held in place by quick-release clamps. In a modification, Figs. 5 and 6, not shown, the vents discharge into a flue box, and the ducts lead from openings in the top of the flue box.
Patent GB-1045435-A (GB)
Title: Photographic pivoted blade shutter
IPC: G03B9/08
Filed: 1964-03-06
Abstract: 1, 045, 435. Photographic shutter mechanisms. AGFA A.G. March 6, 1964 [March 7, 1963], No. 9531/64. Addition to 964, 199. Heading G2A. A combined pivoted blade diaphragm-shutter has co-axial blade opening and closing rings 103, 104 which are released at the same time for movement by springs 105, 106 in the same direction, the closing ring 104 being retarded by its greater inertia so that it strikes a variably positioned impact means 113 after the opening ring 103, the difference in run-down times for the two rings determining the exposure time and the aperture. Rings 103, 104 engage pivoting blades 119 by pins 117, 118, and are coupled through projections 107, 108 for setting by lever 109. The setting of impact edge 113 is shown on scale 116, and this edge is struck by the impact lug 110 of ring 103.
Patent GB-735228-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to laminated cores for electric transformers, inductances and the like
IPC: H01F27/245
Filed: 1952-04-16
Abstract: 735,228. Transformers and inductances. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.GES. April 16, 1952 [April 18, 1951; June 30, 1951 July 12, 1951], No. 9574/52. Drawings to Specification. Class 38 (2). A laminated magnetic core comprises leg portions and yoke portions arranged to form a winding aperture, the joints between the laminations of the leg and yoke portions deviating at least partially from lines prolonged from the sides of the winding aperture, some joint lines deviating in differing directions to others, the length of the joint lines being at least 1.5 times the leg width. The width of the yoke laminations may be at least 1.5 times the width of the leg laminations in which case the joints may be diagonally arranged, the yoke also may contain only half the number of laminations that are contained by the leg, the ends of the leg laminations not abutting a yoke lamination being square cut. In other embodiments the yoke width may be equal to the leg width and the joint lines serrated, undulating, stepped or arcuate. Specification 579,088 is referred to.