Patent GB-806571-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pigmented oil-in-water resin emulsions
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1955-06-03
Abstract: An oil-in-water colour concentrate comprises 4 1/2 -40 per cent dispersed pigment, 1.6-7.5 per cent of combined pigment dispersing agent and emulsifying agent, 1-5.5 per cent of protective colloid, and an emulsified resinous binder (6.0-25 per cent total non-volatile resin content) which is a mixture of an alkyd resin and 5-100 per cent of the weight thereof of an organic solvent soluble amino-aldehyde resin.  The alkyd resin is formed from a polyhydric alcohol, 50-100 per cent of which is pentaerythritol or a low polymer thereof, phthalic acid and sufficient polyunsaturated fatty acid to provide not more than 65 per cent of the alkyd.  Diluted with aqueous emulsions comprising a high viscosity water-soluble cellulose ether and a waterimmiscible hydrocarbon, the colour concentrates yield textile-printing compositions.  Preferred fatty acids for the alkyd resin are drying oil acids.  Suitable drying oils are listed. Polyhydric alcohols which may be used with the pentaerythritol are glycerine, mannitol, sorbitol, bisphenol - epichlorhydrin condensates.  Polybasic acids which may be used in admixture with the phthalic acid are maleic, malic, fumaric, adipic, azelaic, succinic, tartaric, citric, sebacic, or suberic acid or carbic anhydride.  The alkyd resins are emulsified in water, if desired in presence of a hydrocarbon solvent.  They may be styrenated and may be emulsion polymerised.  Examples of suitable commercial alkyd resins are "Beckosol P-471" (Registered Trade Mark), "Syntex 62" (Registered Trade Mark), Aroplaz 1086M or 1241M and P6118.  Suitable amino-aldehyde resins are urea- or melamine-aldehyde resins.  They may be alkylated. Examples of suitable commercial resins are given. A great variety of emulsifying agents (anionic, cationic or non-ionic), protective colloids, pigments and pigment dispersing agents may be used in the process of the invention.  Many examples of suitable materials are mentioned in the Specification.  In an example the resin mixture used consisted of 90 per cent of an alkyd (50 per cent solution in xylol) prepared from pentaerythritol, phthalic anhydride and soya bean oil acids and 10 per cent butyl modified melamine-formaldehyde resin (50 per cent solution in butanol-xylol). An emulsion was prepared from the resin mixture, mixed naphthenate driers, aqueous sodium lauryl sulphate solution, aqueous casein solution, ammonium hydroxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water.  A phthalocyanine green press cake was then mixed with Duponol ME dry powder (the sodium salt of a fatty alcohol sulphate) and "Nekal A" dry powder (Registered Trade Mark) to form a slurry.  The resin emulsion, the pigment dispersion, a polychloroprene latex, pine oil and water were then mixed and homogenized to form a colour concentrate.  Many other basically similar examples differing in the specific nature of the subsidiary ingredients, the proportions and the methods of mixing are given in the Specification.  Examples are also given of extender pastes for diluting the colour concentrates of the invention to produce textile printing pastes.  A typical extender contains an emulsion of a mixture of soya bean oil modified pentaerythritol-phthalic acid alkyd resin and butylated melamine-formaldehyde resin which has been emulsion aggregated with hydrogen peroxide, methylcellulose, water, and mineral spirits.  The mixture is homogenized in an Eppenbach homomizer.  A resin-free extender paste is an aqueous emulsion of mineral spirits with high viscosity methylcellulose.  Specifications 774,079, [Group IV (c)], 774,080, 790,477 and 792,466 are referred to.