Patent RU-2391042-C2 (RU)
Inventor: GOGULINA NATAL JA SERGEEVNA
IPC: A61B5/00
Filed: 2005-12-27
Granted: 2010-06-10
Abstract: FIELD: medicine. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine and medical equipment, namely, orthopedic diagnostics, and may be used as an objective method to diagnose various cyllosis in particular flat foot, injuries of "diabetic foot" when examining patients in military enlistment offices, hospitals and educational institutions. The method of studying foot parts state by treating the foot prints with highlighting key points and lines includes analysis of foot projection carried out in three planes: horizontal, sagittal and dorsal. Contour and anemic area of the foot is allocated. Analyzes of images of foot horizontal projection is conducted. Line AB, point z as the middle of the segment AB and point D as the outermost point of the contour downwards foot print are allocated. Point g as a point on the line AB retreating from a point in the distance representing 40% of the segment AB length is allocated. Points A' and B' as the lower points of the tangent to the medial and lateral contours of foot print are allocated and the line AA' and BB is made. Point O as a point of lines AA' and BB ' intersection is allocated and the line Oz is made. Points a, a', b, b' as the upper and lower points of the tangent to the medial and lateral contours of anemic human foot are allocated, the line aa' and bb' is made; point d as the rear point of the heel is distinguished. Point E as the point of intersection of bb' and perpendicular to it, dropped from the point D is allocated. Point e as a point of intersection of the line bb' and perpendicular to it dropped from the point d is allocated. Point c as point, lagging 0.18L from the point E on the line bb' is allocated, where L - is length of the foot. Point f is obtained as a point of intersection of line Oz and perpendicular to it, dropped from the point c. Point c' as a point of intersection of the contour of the foot and the line cf is allocated, lines cc' and fg are made. Points M, m, N, n as intersection point of the medial and lateral foot shapes and contour of the anemic domain with a line passing through the point perpendicular to the line f fz are allocated, and line MN is done. Point k as a point on the line bb' is allocated, backward from the point with a distance of 1 cm, and the point i as a point on the line bb' is allocated, backward from the point with a distance of 0.22l, where l - is length of anemic human foot area. Points k' and i' as points of intersection of perpendiculars from the points k and i to the line bb 'from the medial margin of the anemic heel area are allocated, line kk' and ii is done. Reference lines on surface of the foot perpendicular to the line bb 'and separated from the point c to distance of 0.30 l, 0.36 l, 0.46 l, 0.60 l are done, points u, u', p, p', v, v' , w, w' as points of intersection of reference lines with lateral and medial edges of the anemic human foot are allocated; lines pB and pB' are done. Point r as a point of intersection of the perpendicular to the line cc', dropped from the point c' and the line uu' are allocated. Are lines c'r and c'k are made. Point P 1 : as a point tangent from point A to the contour of the thumb print is allocated, and a line AP 1  is made. Point PV as a point of tangent from point B to the contour of the impression of the fifth finger is allocated, and line BPV is made. Points t and q as a point of intersection perpendicular to the line MN are allocated, drawn from the points m and n, and the line AB and lines mt, nq, tf, qf, tn, qm are made. Points ε and ε' are allocated as points of intersection of lines tn with qf and qm lines and tf. Then the analysis of the sagittal projection image of the foot is carried out. Points D and O3 as the projection of the outermost posterior and anterior points of the contour of the foot on the plane of support are allocated. Points O1 and O2 as endmost rear and front points of arc contact to the medial longitudinal arch of the soft tissues of the support foot plane. Point h1 and h2 as points of the instep contour determining the slope of the contour of the anterior part of foot is allocated. Points v1 and v2 as points of the contour of the front leg determining the slope of the lower leg contour are allocated and lines and h1h2 and v1v2 are made. Point s' as the highest point of the arc of the soft tissues of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot is allocated. Prior the research point s is markered as the lower edge of the ledge navicular bone. Point of bending of the foot upper contour S as a point of intersection of bisector formed with lines h1h2 and v1v2 and the foot contour is allocated. Then the analysis of the image projection of the dorsal foot is carried out. Line of supporting plane O-O through detecting points O is made. Point D j  for the left and right foot on the line O-O is marked, a perpendicular from a point D j  to the line O-O is restored. Prior the research point D s  is markered as a mid of Achilles tendon at the point of weaving in the heel bone and the middle line of the heel D j D s  is made. After marking the three foot projection operator has the opportunity to make correction of points in any quantity and any sequence. After marking the three foot projections the following is calculated: foot length in mm as the length of the segment DO3 on the sagittal projection, the width of the foot in mm as the length of the segment AQ on a horizontal projection, the degree of spreading of the anterior foot in the form of the spreading coefficient of the foot (SCF) as the ratio of the lengths of AB to MN on the horizontal projection. If SCF<1.60 the forefoot is in normal range, if 0.61<SCF<1.70 the I stage of spreading of the anterior foot is concluded, if 0.71<SCF<1.80 - the II stage of spreading of the anterior foot is concluded, and at 0.81<SCF<2.00 the III degree of spreading of the anterior foot is concluded. The deflection angle of the thumb in degrees is the angle between the lines A'A and API on the horizontal projection. If α 1 <10° the angle of the thumb is located within the normal level, 11°≤α 1 ≤ 29° valgoid drift is suggested, at 30°≤α 1 ≤49° stage II of valgoid drift is suggested, at α 1 ≥50° stage III of valgoid drift is suggested and at α 1 ≤-1° an adduction of the I toe is concluded. The coefficient of longitudinal flatfoot (LF) as the ratio of the lengths y and x on the horizontal projection, marked on Dwg.1. At LF≤0.5" a hollow foot" is suggested, at 0.51≤CAT≤1.10 foot with a normal outer longitudinal arch is suggested, at 1.11≤LF≤1.20 a foot with a reduced outer longitudinal arch is suggested, at 1.21≤LF≤1.30 1 stage of longitudinal flatfoot is suggested, at 1.31≤LF≤1.50 II stage of the longitudinal extent flatfoot is suggested, at LF≥1.51 III stage of longitudinal extent flatfoot is suggested. Height of the inner longitudinal arch h in mm is as the distance from point s to the line of the plane bearing O1O2 on the sagittal projection. The position of the calcaneus (PC) is as the angle between the line perpendicular to the plane of the support OO and line D j D s  on the dorsal projection. If PC≤5°, the position of the calcaneus is in the normal level, and if 6°≤PC≤10° the I stage of valgoid drift is suggested, at 11°≤PC≤15° the II stage of valgoid drift is suggested, and at PC≥16° the III stage of valgoid drift is suggested. Sprung capability of foot as podometric Friedland index (PI) in % as the ratio of the width of the foot AQ on the horizontal projection of the length of the foot DO3 on the sagittal projection. If 32.15≤PI (male), 31.8≤PI (female) - spring ability of the foot is extremely reduced, if 32.0≤PI≤30.9 (male), 31.7≤PI≤30.6 (female) spring ability of the foot is markedly reduced, if 30.8≤PI≤29.6 (male), 305≤PI≤29.4 (female) spring ability of the foot is reduced, if 29.5≤PI≤24.6 (male), 29.3≤PI≤24.5 (female) spring ability of the foot is normal, if 24.5≤PI≤23.4 (male), 24.4≤PI≤23.3 (female) spring ability of the foot is reduced of the I stage, if 23.3≤PI≤22.1 (male), 23.2≤PI≤22.1 (female) spring ability of the foot is markedly reduced of the II stage, if 22.0≤PI (male), 22.0≤PI (female) spring ability of the foot is extremely reduced of the III degree. Prints of three foot projections are obtained using the device for investigation the state of the parts of foot containing the fortified horizontally placed flatbed scanner able to withstand the weight of a man. In addition, the device includes a flatbed scanner and a blackout cover located in the vertical plane. 
     EFFECT: invention allows to increase accuracy and objectivity of the method of measurement, while reducing time and labor costs, improved diagnostic capabilities of research. 
     3 cl, 3 tbl, 5 dwg