Patent GB-815510-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to emulsifiable compositions comprising a biologically active substance
Inventor: EATON JOHN KENNETH
IPC: A01N25/04
Filed: 1956-02-10
Abstract: An emulsifiable pesticidal viricidal, bactericidal, plant growth regulant and herbicidal concentrate composition, which produces a water-in-oil type emulsion on dilution with three volumes of water, comprises a biologically active material i.e. an insecticide, fungicide, viricide, bactericide, herbicide and plant growth regulant, a volatile organic liquid insoluble or substantially insoluble in water and preferably having therein a minor proportion of a substantially water insoluble substance of low volatility in an amount less than 20 per cent. by weight based on the volatile liquid and a minor proportion of an emulsifying agent promoting the formation of water-in-oil type emulsions preferably being soluble in the non-aqueous phase and comprising 1-10 per cent by weight of the composition.  A coupling agent e.g. a substance containing a group attracted to the aqueous phase and a group attracted to the non-aqueous phase such as ortho, meta and para-cresol, cresylic acid, cyclohexanol and glycols particularly containing 7 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule may also be incorporated.  Specified active ingredients are sulphur, cuprous oxide, copper oxychloride, lead arsenate, 2 : 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, 2 : 4 : 5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid or their salts or derivatives, organoboronic acids or organoborinic acids, or their salts or derivatives, pyrethrum, derris, D.D.T., hexachloro-cyclohexane containing a substantial proportion of the gamma isomer, Chlordane, Toxaphene, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, O,O-diethyl, O-p-nitrophenyl thiophosphate, its methyl homologue, O,O-dimethyl, dithiophosphate of diethyl mecaptosuccincate, p-chlorophenyl p chlorbenzyl sulphide, 2-(p-tert-butyl phenoxylisopropyl 2 chloroethyl sulphate, p-chlorophenyl p-chloroethyl sulphite), di(p-chlorophenyl) methyl carbinol, diphenyl sulphone, 4-chlorophenyl 4-chlorobenzene sulphonate, copper chelate of 2 : 4 -pentanedione, tetramethyl thiuram sulphide, zinc ethylene bis-dithio-carbamate and N-(trichloro-methylthio)-1 : 2 : 3 : 6-tetrahydrophthalimide. Specified volatile organic liquids are the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, perfluoro octanes, fluorobenzenes containing from 1 to 6 fluorine atoms in the nucleus and the mono-and di-trifluoromethylbenzenes, trifluoromethyl benzene containing 1 or 2 chlorine atoms in the nucleus, a petroleum distillate boiling below 150 DEG C., an other such as diisopropyl ether or methyl isobutyl ether, a ketone such as methyl isobutyl ketone, an alcohol such as a butanol or a pentanol or an ester such as amyl acetate, Specified substances of low volatility are kerosenes the petroleum oils boiling in the lubricating oil range, steam refined cylinder oils, animal (including fish) oils and vegetable oils, for example, lard oil, tallow oil, olive oil, palm kernel oil, shellac, copal, rosin, rosin esters and the methyl esters of hydrogenated rosin, coumarone-indene resins; polymeric acrylic and methacrylic acid esters particularly the polymeric methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters; vinyl polymers, especially polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl acetals: synthetic rubbers and their derivatives such as chlorinated rubber, cyclised rubber and rubber hydrochloride; petroleum resins and asphaltites such as "Gilsonite" (Registered Trade Mark).  Many emulsifying agents of the anionic, cationic and non-ionic type are given.  Specification 729,376 [Group IV(b)] is referred to.ALSO:An emulsifiable pesticidal, viricidal, bactericidal, plant growth regulant and herbicidal concentrate composition, which produces a water-in-oil type emulsion on dilution with three volumes of water, comprises a biologically active material, i.e. an insecticide, fungicide, viricide, bactericide, herbicide and plant growth regulant, a volatile organic liquid insoluble or substantially insoluble in water and preferably having therein a minor proportion of a substantially water-insoluble substance of low volatility in an amount less than 20 per cent by weight based on the volatile liquid and a minor proportion of an emulsifying agent promoting the formation of water-in-oil type emulsions preferably being soluble in the non-aqueous phase and comprising 1-10 per cent by weight of the composition.  A coupling agent, e.g. a substance containing a group attracted to the aqueous phase and a group attracted to the non-aqueous phase such as ortho, meta and para-cresol, cresylic acid, cyclohexanol and glycols particularly containing 7 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule may also be incorporated.  Specified active ingredients are sulphur, cuprous oxide, copper oxychloride, or lead arsenate, 2 : 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, 2 : 4 : 5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid or their salts or derivatives, organoboronic acids or organoborinic acids, or their salts or derivatives, pyrethrum, derris, D.D.T., hexachloro-cyclohexane containing a substantial proportion of the gamma isomer, Chlordane, Toxaphene, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, O,O-diethyl, O-p-nitrophenyl thiophosphate, its methyl homologue, O, O-dimethyl, dithiophosphate of diethyl mecaptosuccincate, p - chlorophenyl - p - chlorobenzyl sulphide, 2 - (p - tert. - butyl phenoxyl-isopropyl - 2 - chloroethyl sulphite, p - chlorophenyl p-chloroethyl sulphite), di-(p-chlorophenyl) methyl carbinol, diphenyl sulphone4 - chlorophenyl 4 - chlorobenzene sulphonate, copper chelate of 2 : 4-pentanedione, tetra, methyl thiuram sulphide, zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate and N-(trichloro-methylthio)-1 : 2 : 3 : 6 - tetrahydrophthalimide.  Specified volatile organic liquids are the halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, perfluoro octanes, fluorobenzenes containing from 1 to 6 fluorine atoms in the nucleus and the mono- and ditrifluoromethyl-benzenes, trifluoromethyl benzene containing 1 or 2 chlorine atoms in the nucleus, a petroleum distillate boiling below 150 DEG  C., an ether such as diisopropyl ether or methyl isobutyl ether, a ketone such as methyl isobutyl ketone, an alcohol such as a butanol or a pentanol or an ester such as amyl acetate.  Specified substances of low volatility are kerosenes, the petroleum oils boiling in the lubricating oil range, steam refined cylinder oils, animal (including fish) oils and vegetable oils, for example, lard oil, tallow oil, olive oil, palm kernel oil, shellac, copal, rosin, rosin esters and the methyl esters of hydrogenated rosin, coumarone-indene resins; polymeric acrylic and methacrylic acid esters particularly the polymeric methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl esters; vinyl polymers, especially polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl acetals; synthetic rubbers and their derivatives such as chlorinated rubber, cyclised rubber and rubber hydrochloride; petroleum resins and asphaltites such as "Gilsonite" (Registered Trade Mark).  Many emulsifying agents of the anionic, cationic and non-ionic type are given.  Specification 729,376, [Group IV (b)], is referred to.