Patent GB-644043-A (GB)
Title: Mineral oil composition
IPC: F16K5/06
Filed: 1947-07-14
Abstract: The following preparation details of additives for mineral oil compositions (see Group III) are given:-  Zinc or basic barium salts of diwax benzene sulphonic acid.-A paraffin wax having an average of 24 carbon atoms to the molecule is chlorinated with chlorine gas until its weight has increased 10 per cent.  The chlorowax thus obtained is condensed with benzene in the presence of aluminium chloride to give diwax benzene and this in turn is sulphonated with oleum.  The diwax benzene sulphonic acid is heated either with excess of barium hydroxide or with zinc acetate.  Basic barium salt of diwax naphthalene sulphonic acid.-This is prepared by the same method as the boric barium salt of diwax benzene sulphonic acid, the chlorowax being condensed with naphthalene instead of benzene.  Barium salt of sulphonated petroleum oil.-Petroleum oil distillate is sulphonated with oleum and neutralized with caustic soda.  The sodium sulphonate is extracted with alcohol and reacted with barium chloride.  Barium or cobalt triwax phenol carboxylate.-Chlorine is bubbled into molten paraffin wax until the increase in weight amounts to 14 per cent. The chlorowax thus obtained is condensed with phenol in the presence of aluminium chloride and the triwax phenol which results is converted to barium triwax phenol by reaction with barium methylate. Carbon dioxide is then bubbled in and additional barium methylate is added to neutralize the acidity. Barium triwax phenol carboxylate is thus obtained.  By using sodium methylate instead of barium methylate, the corresponding sodium salt is prepared and this is converted to the cobalt salt by reaction with cobalt chloride. Sulphides of barium triwax phenol carboxylate.-Barium triwax phenol carboxylate prepared as above is sulphurized by heating with sulphur and any acidity is neutralized with barium methylate.  Vanadyl oleyl phthalate.-Oleyl alcohol and phthalic anhydride are reacted together to give mono-oleyl phthalate.  This is neutralized with sodium hydroxide to give the sodium salt which in turn is reacted with vanadyl chloride.  U.S.A. Specification 2,388,400 is referred to.ALSO:A mineral oil composition which, when used as the lubricant in an internal-combustion engine, is resistant to oxidation, comprises 0.5-10 per cent of an oil detergent which is an oil-soluble salt of an organic acid and 0.1-3 per cent of an oil-soluble phosphorus-and-sulphur-containing reaction product obtained by reaction at a temperature greater than 100 DEG  C. between a phosphorus sulphide and a dicyclic terpene or an essential or volatile oil containing predominant proportions of a dicyclic terpene.  Detergents mentioned are metal sulphonates and metal carboxylates.  Among the former are those derived from sulphonic acids obtained by sulphonating aromatic hydrocarbons, particularly wax-substituted benzene or naphthalene where the wax substituent is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of at least 18 carbon atoms obtained from paraffin wax, or by sulphonating paraffins, naphthenes or petroleum fractions.  Among the carboxylates are those derived from hydroxy aromatic or alkylated aromatic carboxylic acids, such as a barium phenate-carboxylate of an alkyl-substituted phenol carboxylic acid, or from partially esterified polycarboxylic acids, such as vanadyl oleyl phthalate. Sulphides of metal salts of hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acids, such as a barium phenate-carboxylate of an alkyl-substituted phenol carboxylic acid disulphide, may also be employed as detergents. The phosphorus-and-sulphur-containing reaction products may be derived from pinene, camphene, fenchene or turpentine oil.  The mineral oil composition may also contain other oil-soluble phosphorus-and-sulphur-containing reaction products such as the phosphorus pentasulphide-oleyl alcohol reaction products of Specification 590,973.  Mineral oil concentrates, which, upon dilution with further mineral oil, produce mineral oil compositions of the type referred to above, may also be prepared. In the examples, mineral oil compositions are described containing pinene-P2S5 reaction product and (a) basic barium diwax benzene sulphonate with or without either or both of iron naphthenate and oleyl alcohol-P2S5 reaction product, (b) zinc diwax benzene sulphonate with or without iron naphthenate, (c) basic barium diwax naphthalene sulphonate, (d) barium salt of sulphonated petroleum oil, (e) barium triwax phenol carboxylate, (f) sulphides of barium triwax phenol carboxylate with or without oleyl alcohol-P2S5 reaction product, (g) cobalt triwax phenol carboxylate with or without iron naphthenate and (h) vanadyl oleyl phthalate.  For comparison purposes mineral oil compositions are described which contain only (i) basic barium diwax benzene sulphonate with or without iron naphthenate, (ii) zinc diwax benzene sulphonate or cobalt triwax phenol carboxylate and iron naphthenate and (iii) the detergents of (c), (d), (f) or (h) above. Specification 597,338 and U.S.A. Specification 2,388,400 also are referred to.