baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-390436-A (GB)
Title: An improved system for detecting faults in the cutting edges of sharp edged tools
IPC: G01N27/90
Filed: 1932-10-08
Abstract: 390,436. Testing physical qualities of materials. PETERS, P. N., Wallkil, New York, U.S.A. Oct. 8, 1932, No. 28069. [Class 106 (ii).] The condition of the cutting edges of razor blades, milling cutters, blanking dies, and other sharp-edged bodies is investigated by means for creating a difference in potential, between the body and the surrounding medium, sufficiently high to cause a flux along the cutting- edge, and a detector to measure the intensity of the flux either at various points or over the entire edge. The flux may be electric, magnetic, thermal, or electromagnetic. Electric means, Fig. 2, comprise a bar 4, galvanometer G, and blade 1 in an A.C. or D.C. circuit. To investigate the efficiency point-by-point, the bar 4, perpendicular to the cutting edge 2, and at a fixed distance therefrom, is moved parallel to itself along the edge. Overall efficiency is determined by placing the bar 4 parallel to the edge. The blade may be covered by insulating material 3. In another form, the blade, charged sufficiently to ionize the air, is placed between the plates of a condenser in series with a battery and a telephone detector. A neon tube may replace the condenser. A visible method comprises charging the blade with a brush and observing the luminous discharge through an oil, air, or solid dielectric to an electrode. The discharge may be observed by eye or photo-electric cell, or it may be recorded on a photographic plate. Spark or ultra-violet discharge may be used. A magnetic method comprises supporting the blade on one pole of an electromagnet and moving a bar such as 4, Fig. 2, between the cutting-edge and the other magnet pole. A galvanometer connected across the bar inindicates variations in current induced in it due to irregularities of the cutting-edge. Alternatively, the blade itself may be magnetized and its edge moved past an iron particle suspended from a pivot carrying a mirror which deflects a beam of light along a scale. Fig. 10 shows a thermal method. A blade 1, heated by a coil 23 expands, by radiation, a single- or bi-metallic strip 24 to pivot a mirror 18 and obtain deflections on a scale 22. An electromagnetic method comprises using the blade-edge as a sending antenna and measuring the variations in intensity of signals received on a receiving antenna moved parallel to the edge. The detectors may have amplifying circuits. The system is capable of automatic detection and grading of cutting tools according to the efficiency of their edges.
Patent GB-1519714-A (GB)
Title: Process for the addition of alcohols to acetylenic compounds from mixtures
IPC: C07C41/05
Filed: 1976-07-06
Abstract: The technical problem of purifying a hydrocarbon stream by removing alkyne type impurities, in particular of the acetylene type, is solved by carrying out an addition reaction with alcohol or glycol on these impurities with the aid of an acidic ion exchange resin, in which the acidic groups are totally exchanged either with mercuric ions or with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ions, also producing vinyl ethers and geminal diethers, which are of industrial interest.
Patent GB-832059-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating compositions containing mixed salts
Filed: 1958-09-02
Abstract: A lubricating composition comprises 50-98 weight per cent of a lubricating oil of viscosity 60-2500 S.U.S./100 DEG  F. and 2-50 weight per cent of a thickener comprising a co-neutralized mixture of alkaline earth metal salts prepared in situ from (by weight) 1-10 parts acetic acid, 1-4 parts C8-12 monocarboxylic acid(s), and 1-4 parts di-C3-8 alkyl dithiophosphoric acid, said mixtures being prepared at a temperature not above 350 DEG  F. Within this weight proportion the preferred molar ratios are thiophosphoric:-C8-12 acids between 1 : 1 and 1 : 4; and acetic:-other acids combined between 2.5 : 1 and 15 : 1.  The oil may be a mineral or synthetic oil, e.g. a hydrocarbon; hydrocarbon polymer; ester, e.g. di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate and di-iso-octyl azelate; complex ester, e.g. from glycols and/or alcohols with di- and/or mono-carboxylic acids; formal; mercaptal; polyalkylene oxide or silicone.  Preferred oils have a pour-point of 420 DEG  to -75 DEG  F; a flashpoint of 350-650 DEG  F. and a V.I. above 100.  Fluid lubricants contain 85 to 98% of oil and greases 50 to 85%. Alkaline earth metals mentioned are calcium, strontium and barium; the salts may be prepared from their hydroxides, oxides and carbonates.  Specified dialkyl dithiophosphoric acids are di-n-propyl-, di-n-butyl-, dihexyl-, dioctyl-, and propyl hexyl-dithiophosphoric acids.  Suitable C8-12 acids include the mixture of capric, caprylic and lauric acids obtained from coconut oil.  Optional ingredients are detergents, antioxidants, V.I. improvers, corrosion inhibitors, pour depressants, dyes, and other grease thickeners.  In examples, the effectiveness of compositions containing co-neutralized calcium salts is contrasted with a composition containing calcium dihexyl dithiophosphate prepared independently of the carboxylic acids.
Patent GB-298779-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to telephone instruments
IPC: H04M1/22
Filed: 1927-10-24
Abstract: 298,779. Wade, H., (Hire, T. F.). Oct. 24, 1927. Desk sets; impulse transmitters, -A desk telephone instrument has mounted on the base. an impulse sender having a translucent dial 6 which is illuminated by lamps, such as 9, and reflectors 10, 11, contained within the base. One lamp is arranged at each side of the dial, and the lamps may be connected in the telephone circuit or supplied automatically from the ordinary lighting circuit upon removal of the receiver. The impulsing mechanism is attached to a disc supported in an opening in the base by radial arms which are designed to offer substantially no obstruction between the lamps 9 and the dial 6.
Patent GB-291279-A (GB)
Title: Regulating device for elastic fluid turbines
IPC: F01D17/26
Filed: 1927-10-24
Abstract: 291,279. Fairweather, H. G. C., (Svenska Turbinfabriks Aktiebolaget Ljungstrom). Oct. 24, 1927. Valves controlled by pilot or relay valves.-In a regulating device for elastic-fluid turbines in which the fluid admission valve is operated by oil from a pump controlled by a relay valve mechanism, an adjustable control valve is incorporated in the oil supply to a working cylinder of the regulating device in front of a connection to a drain pipe also controlled by the relay. The oil pump 5 maintains constant pressure, in the pipes 6 and 4 owing to the reduction valve 27. When the pressure in the exhaust chamber 25 of the turbine 2, and in the pipe 24, falls, the diaphragm 21 of the relay valve will fall, allowing the spring 26 to lift the oil release valve 18 to drain off oil through the opening 16 and pipe 17. As the opening 16 is larger than the opening at the adjustable control valve 15, the pressure in the pipe 14 will fall, allowing the spring of the piston 12 to force down the piston, rocking the lever 10 about its connection to the piston rod 9 and moving the valve 8 down to allow oil to enter the cylinder 4 below the piston 3. This lifts the piston 3 and opens the inlet valve 1. The smaller the opening past the valve 15, the smaller are the movements necessary for the valve to control the oil pressure in the pipe 14, and consequently the smaller the fall of pressure in the exhaust chamber to cause the opening of the inlet valve. The servo-motor 4 may be dispensed with, when the variation of the piston 12 is communicated to the inlet valve directly by the lever 10. In the form shown in Fig. 4, the regulating device is controlled by the exhaust pressure by the relay valve I and bv the inlet pressure by the relav valve II. both of these valves being worked by the same oil pressure supply. The relay valve I has a release valve 18 adanted to be closed by a reduction of pressure in the exhaust chamber 25, thereby effecting an increase in pressure in the pipe 14, lifting the piston 12 to open the inlet valve 1. The release valve 33 of the relay valve II will open when the inlet pressure falls, causing a reduction in the oil pressure below the piston 12 so that the inlet valve 1 is closed till the inlet pressure is again built up to the predetermined amount.
Patent GB-366106-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of esters
IPC: C07C69/12
Filed: 1930-09-22
Abstract: Nitriles obtained by condensation of acetylene with ammonia or amines are saponified while in the vaporous state and while adding a vaporizable alcohol in the liquid or gaseous state and, if desired, oxygen.  The alcohol may be vaporized by heating, for example, in the reaction vessel, or the alcohol vapours may be carried into the vessel by the nitrile vapours or by a current of gas, such as air. Readily volatile esters may be obtained in a concentrated form depending on the formation of azeotropic mixtures thereof with water and the alcohol, while with esters of high boiling point, it is preferable to work with excess of nitrile or alcohol over the equimolecular proportion, and, after separating the ester, to return the excess to the reaction vessel. The temperature of saponification is generally between 50 DEG  and 250 DEG  C.  The alcohols used for the esterification, as for example methyl, ethyl or butyl alcohols, glycols, glycerol and the like, with or without the acids, may be led in counter-current to the nitrile vapours, but it is preferable to introduce the nitrile and the alcohol at the lower end of a tower while introducing excess of mineral acid at the top, the upper part of the tower being constructed as a dephlegmator.  In the examples, (1) a mixture of 10 parts of the crude gas mixture containing acetylene and 1 part of ammonia is passed at 380 DEG  C. over a catalyst containing zinc and chromium oxides with velocity of 110 litres per hour and per litre of catalyst.  The nitrile is separated by adsorption in active carbon, then vaporized and mixed with approximately equal parts of air and ethyl alcohol vapour, and passed to the bottom of a column at 150 DEG  C.  An excess of 80 per cent sulphuric acid trickles down the column, and the temperature of the dephlegmator forming the upper part of the column is kept between 60 DEG  and 80 DEG  C.  The product is a crude ethyl acetate of Sp. Gr. 0,92.  (2) Butyl acetate is obtained by a process similar to that of example (1), or, by using ethylene glycol, a mixture of glycol mono-acetate with a little glycol di-acetate is obtained. Specifications 257,907, 264,143, 312,469, 313,877, 325,531, 332,258, and 339,235, [all in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-1358558-A (GB)
Title: Torsion bar
IPC: F16D3/72
Filed: 1971-06-16
Abstract: 1358558 Shafts; torsion bars K NAKATA 16 June 1971 [18 June 1970] 28320/71 Headings F2U and F2S A torsion bar has a through-bore of non- uniform cross-section (it may taper either along its length or as shown at 3b) and torquetransmitting connections (e.g. splines, or a Woodruff key and keyway) at its ends. The outer surface of the bar may taper with the bore (e.g. as shown) or in the opposite direction thereto. The bar may comprise the sections 1b adjacent with the section 1a omitted, and/or the bore may comprise sections 3b adjacent with the section 3a omitted.
Patent GB-830179-A (GB)
Title: Side-delivery rake
IPC: A01D78/00
Filed: 1956-09-17
Abstract: 830,179. Side delivery rakes. WUSTER, I. Sept. 17, 1956 [Sept. 16, 1955], No. 28408/56. Class 6(3). In a side-delivery rake, of the type having a wheeled frame 1 carrying a series of rake-wheels R 1 -R 6  driven by ground-contact, the rakewheel bearings are adjustably attached to brackets 5 by vertical pivots 6, the brackets being mounted on the frame through horizontal pivots 4. The frame is triangular, the longest side 1b carrying lugs for the pivots 4 and the shortest side la being attached to a tractor 3 through brackets 2. The pivots 6 can be locked with the wheels R 1 -R 6  in the solid or chaindotted positions for tedding or side-delivery respectively. In a modification, Figs. 2 and 3 (not shown), the pivots 4 are arranged so that the brackets may be swung over to the opposite side of the beam 1b and the brackets 5 are so shaped that each rake-wheel may be adjusted through 180 degrees about the vertical pivot 6. Specification 773,831 is referred to.
Patent GB-706025-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the construction of motor vehicles
IPC: B62D21/11
Filed: 1950-11-21
Abstract: 706,025. Motor vehicles. DAIMLER-BENZ AKT.-GES. Nov. 21, 1950 [March 11, 1949], No. 28455/50. Classes 79(3) and 79(4) [Also in Group XXXII] In a motor vehicle the driving unit and an axle unit are mounted upon an auxiliary frame separate from the frame of an integral body and frame, the mass of the driving unit being arranged both fore and aft of the axle unit, and the frame extending with a braced construction towards both ends of the vehicle over and beyond the axle unit and a second axle unit, which is independent of the auxiliary frame, so that the integral body and frame can be lowered as a whole over both the auxiliary frame with its driving and axle units and the second axle unit. As shown the auxiliary frame g is mounted on the axle unit B and resiliently carries the engine h and change speed gearing i for driving wheels k which are mounted on the frame g by suspension links. Springs I for the wheels k abut the frame g on which are also mounted the radiator, battery, steering mechanism &c. to form a ready-for-running unit. To points n, o on the auxiliary frame are connected with the interposition of rubber cushions points n 1 , o<SP>1</SP> on the frame of the integral body and frame A, such frame being formed of longitudinals a interconnected by members b, c and frame extensions e, f, pillars on each side forming an arch d. The second axle unit C formed of links r, rear axle q, wheels p and springs s 1 , which may have shock absorbers therein, is connected to the body and frame A at t 1 , the springs s abutting brackets s 1  on the longitudinals a. Alternatively the unit C may have an auxiliary frame which is attached to the unit A. The invention may be applied to a front driving unit connected to the rear wheels or to a rear engine drive.
Patent GB-1358671-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for control of light transmission through an anisotropic medium
IPC: G02F1/11
Filed: 1971-06-17
Abstract: 1358671 Modulating light HEWLETTPACKARD CO 17 June 1971 [17 June 1970] 28495/71 Heading H4F In apparatus wherein an acoustic wave passing through a birefringent crystal cumulatively diffracts a collinear optical beam lying in a narrow frequency range about a frequency f o  = cfa/V#n, where c is the speed of light in vacuo, fa and V are the acoustic frequency and velocity in the crystal, and #n is the birefringence of the crystal, and of a particular plane of polarization, e.g. the E or O ray, into a beam of the orthogonal plane of polarization, the proportion of light so diffracted is a function of the acoustic amplitude, so that by varying the acoustic amplitude and analysing the output light the intensity of the transmitted light is altered. The analyser may be such as to pass or block the orthogonally diffracted component, or may be, e.g. a Rochon prism, to separate both components. The light source may be mono- or polychromatic, and in the latter case the frequency of the acoustic wave may be varied, e.g. via a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) energizing an acoustic transducer to vary the frequency of the intensity modulated component. The input light is not necessarily polarized, although this reduces the background light intensity. As particularly described, the output of the VCO is amplitude modulated by an audio signal source. The acoustic transducer may be mounted on the side of the crystal so that the wave is reflected from an end face along the collinear path, the optical beam being incident on that end face at the Brewster angle and being refracted along the collinear path. Alternatively one end face of the crystal may receive the optical beam at normal incidence, the other parallel end face being reflective and having the acoustic transducer mounted thereon. The crystal may be of LiNbO 3 , PbMoO 4  or CaMoO 4 , and may be resonant at a selected acoustic frequency for reduced power requirements thereat.
Patent GB-932217-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polyphase alternating current power supply arrangements
Inventor: KING KENNETH GORDON
IPC: G05F1/455
Filed: 1960-08-18
Abstract: 932,217. Switching systems for consuming devices. WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO. Ltd. July 21, 1961 [Aug. 18, 1960], No. 28613/60. Class 38 (4). A polyphase A.C. power supply system for supplying power to a load 2 having sections 3, 4, 5 from a three-phase source 1 comprises unidirectional conductive devices connected between the load and the source, the devices being rendered conductive in a cyclic manner. In Fig. 1 with a star connected load, the unidirectional conductive devices are controllable semi-conductor rectifiers 6, 8, 10 which have reversely poled rectifiers 7, 9, 11 in parallel therewith. Alternatively the rectifiers 6-11 may be connected to the load on the side remote from the source. With a delta connected load as shown in Fig. 3 the reversely poled rectifiers can be dispensed with and this arrangement may be modified to comprise a six-phase version.
Patent GB-270999-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to cut-off mechanism for continuous rod cigarette making machines
IPC: A24C5/28
Filed: 1925-11-13
Abstract: 270,999. Baron, L. B. Nov. 13, 1925. Cigarette-making machines. - Cutoff mechanism for a continuous-rod machine comprises a rotary support 8 for the rod and one or more radial knives 27 on a carrier 25 rotating in a plane at a right angle to the rod. the knives being slightly inclined or bent to allow the cutting-edge to follow the movement of the rod. As shown, the body 8 comprises radiallydisposed segmental bodies secured to a pinion 9, each having a projecting portion 10 with a peripheral groove and a slot 11 for the passage of a knife. The pinion 9 is driven from a shaft 7 through bevel gearing 14, 15 and spur gearing 18, 19, 22, 23, and the knife carrier 25 is driven from the shaft 7 through spur gearing 28 - - 30, the shaft 7 being driven from a main shaft 2. A fixed L-shaped member 31, which assists in maintaining the cigarette rod in the groove of the body 8, is slotted for the passage of the knife and has a grooved projection 31<b> extending into the groove of the body 8. In a modification, the member 31 is replaced by a second rotary body similar to 8, so that the cigarette rod is enclosed at the point at which cutting takes place.
Patent GB-1068433-A (GB)
Title: Frequency code method for tele-control and tele-command
IPC: H04Q9/12
Filed: 1964-07-10
Abstract: 1,068,433. Selective signalling. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. July 10, 1964 [July 11, 1963], No. 28651/64. Heading G4H. In a signalling system comprising a central station and a plurality of remote stations connected in parallel to the central station, addresses and data are both transmitted as simultaneous combinations of frequencies. Transmission from remote station to central station.-Remote stations are so arranged that if any item, of a plurality of stored items, changes, the entire contents of the store are transmitted. Firstly the remote station transmits a combination of frequencies representing its address. Correct reception of the address by the central station readies a corresponding store and causes an answer-back signal-identical to the address signal transmitted by the remote station-to be sent. Correct reception of the answer-back signal causes the remote station to transmit the contents of its store. The answer-back signal also prevents any other remote station transmitting. Transmission from central station to remote station.-Transmission of control signals from the central station to a remote station is effected in a similar manner Firstly the central station transmits the address of the remote station, which, when it is ready to receive, responds by transmitting the same address back to the central station, whereupon the central station transmits the control signal.
Patent GB-428684-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vacuum tins, cans, bottles and the like
IPC: B65D81/20
Filed: 1933-10-17
Abstract: 428,684. Vacuum - sealed tins &c. RUSSELL, A. S., 6, Cambridge Park, Redland, Bristol. Oct. 17, 1933, No. 28698. [Class 125 (iii)] A vacuum-sealed tin, can, bottle, or other container has a cavity 5 in the lid, body, or stopper communicating with the interior of the tin &c., through a pin-hole 6 and covered by a membrane 8 of low elasticity adhesively secured to the lid, &c. ; the membrane covering the cavity may be ruptured to destroy the vacuum by depressing it into the cavity. The membrane may be constituted by a sheet of celluloid, cellulose acetate, viscose, metal foil or varnished paper, and may be protected from injury by being housed in a shallow depressed area 4 surrounding the cavity ; the membrane may be moisture proof as well as impermeable to air and may be wholly or partly covered by a label.
Patent GB-617042-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rotary compressors
IPC: F04C18/344
Filed: 1946-09-27
Abstract: 617,042. Rotary compressors. HERZMARK, N. Sept. 27, 1946, No. 28866. [Class 110 (ii)] The rotor 10, having outwardly-sliding vanes 11, is provided with sealing pistons 15, rotating in end recesses 16, lubricating oil being fed into the working chamber 12 passing into grooves 17 and outwards through ports 20. Three axially-spaced ports 18 admit the oil. Cooling air passes through ducts 22, which may be finned, in the rotor aided by helical vanes 25 in the end pistons. Spiders 26 carry the shaft bearings 27; at one end the spider is integral with a bracket 29 which may be bolted to an engine casing. Each vane has a shoe 32 with a bevelled toe 33. To relieve rubbing pressure of a vane tip on the casing bore springs 40 press inwards on a bar 42 secured to the inner end of a vane. The springs exert the maximum force on a vane when it is in its most extended position. Leaf springs 37 bear on the casing bore between the delivery 35 and two inlet ports 19. Keys 44, set at 90 degrees apart, secure the rotor hub to the shaft. Spacer sleeves 45 are provided. The webs of the pistons may be screwed, or otherwise secured, to the sleeves. Packing rings 21 are fitted as shown.