Patent GB-1509308-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic control mechanism for planetary transmission
IPC: B60W10/04
Filed: 1975-08-15
Abstract: 1509308 Change-speed control BORGWARNER CORP 15 Aug 1975 [30 Aug 1974] 34094/75 Heading F2D In an automatic transmission for vehicles having fluid-actuated ratio-establishing devices such as clutches and brakes, two of which are engaged to establish a particular ratio, conduit means extending between an hydraulic pressure source and the said two devices and connected with an hydraulic accumulator includes valve means which ensures equal pressure build up in the two devices and enables one of them to be released independently of the other. Gear arrangement.-The driven member of an hydraulic torque converter 12 is connected by first and second clutches C1, C2 and planetary gear trains 14 with the output shaft 16, and reaction is taken by one-way clutches 18, 20 with brakes B2, B3. A further brake B1 is associated with the driven member of the clutch C2. Reverse ratio is established by engagement of C2 and B3. For all forward ratios C1 is engaged, together with other clutches and brakes as follows. B3 is engaged for first, and B1 and B2 for second. In the "Drive" range first is established by engagement of C1 only, second by B1 and B2 in addition to C1, and third by C1, C2, B2. Hydraulic control system.-Fluid whose pressure is correlated with vehicle speed and engine load is fed through a conduit 74 to a manual valve 30 and to the loading chambers of accumulators 46, 48. When the manual valve is set to any of the forward positions D, 1, 2 it interconnects conduits 74, 72 to engage the clutch C1 under the control of an accumulator 44 to establish first ratio. Upshift to second is controlled by a 1-2 shift valve 34 subject to a vehicle-speed responsive pressure communicated through a conduit 302 and to an oppositely acting engine load or throttle responsive pressure communicated through a conduit 304. Upward movement of the valve spool 102 connects the conduit 72 with conduits 309, 310, 311 whereby pressure fluid is delivered to the brake B1 through a 2-3 shift valve 38, conduit 316, ports 214, 216 of a valve 42, and a restricted orifice 56A, and to the brake B2 through an orifice 50A. The orifice 56A is larger than 50A so that pressure will initially be slightly higher in conduit 324 than in 312 whereby a ball valve 242 is opened to ensure that both brakes are engaged together at a rate determined by the accumulator 46. After the brakes are engaged rising pressure in conduit 324 will cause the valve 42 to commence a regulating action, reducing the pressure in 324 so that the ball 242 seats in readiness for the 2-3 shift which requires release of the brake B1 whilst B2 remains engaged. When the spool 150 of the 2-3 shift valve is moved upwardly in response to difference between the vehicle speed and throttle responsive pressures it exhausts the brake B1 through a conduit 318 and an exhaust port 218 of the valve 42, and pressurizes the clutch C2 through a conduit 330 with an orifice 52A, engagement of the clutch being controlled by the accumulator 48. Rapid release of the clutch C2 on 3-2 downshift is ensured by closure of a ball valve 62C in parallel with an orifice 62A, allowing the clutch to be depressurized before the accumulator is fully discharged. Similar ball valves are associated with orifices 50A, 52A, 54A, 56A.