Patent GB-882742-A (GB)
Title: Anhydrous germicidal compositions
IPC: C11D1/66
Filed: 1960-02-18
Abstract: An anhydrous liquid germicidal shampoo comprises at least 60% by weight of the composition of (a) a white mineral oil preferably of the type used for pharmaceutical preparations and preferably in an amount of 60 to 95% by weight, (b) a non-ionic emulsifier which is soluble in both the white oil and the water, preferably in an amount of about 1 to 10% by weight, and (c) a germicide which is soluble both in the white mineral oil and water, preferably in an amount of 0,5 to 1,5% by weight. There may also be incorporated a solubilizing agent for enhancing the solubility of the germicide in the white mineral oil, preferably in an amount of 1 to 10% by weight. Specified solubilizing agents are high molecular weight aliphatic alcohols and mixtures thereof, such, for example, as lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol and octyl dodecanol and high molecular weight glycols and mixtures thereof, such, for example, as ethylhexylene glycol. The germicide may be a quaternary ammonium compound, a chlorophenol or an alkylchlorophenol, a labile disulphide, an organic peroxide or a chloroamine.  The emulsifier may be those formed by the reaction of acids such as myristic, stearic, palmitic, lauric and oleic with polyhydroxy compounds such as polyglycols, glycerol, polyglycerols, erythritol, pentaerythritol, the hexitans and hexitols, and with ethylene oxide to form partial esters of polyoxyethylene ethers and polyoxyethylene ethers of partial esters.  Preferred among these are the polyoxyethylene ethers of hexitan partial esters of fatty acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms wherein the ratio of oxyethylene groups to fatty acids radicals is from 3 to 8, and partial esters of fatty acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms with polyoxyethylene ethers of hexitols wherein the ratio of oxyethylene groups to fatty acid radicals is from 3 to 8.  Specified emulsifiers of this type are polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate averaging 4 oxyethylene groups per mol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate averaging 5 oxyethylene groups per mol, polyoxyethylene mannitan monolaurate averaging 3 oxyethylene groups per mol polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristerarate averaging 20 oxyethylene groups per mol, polyexyethylene sorbitan trioleate averaging 20 oxyethylene groups per mol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate averaging 16 oxyethylene groups per mol, hexaoleate of polyoxyethylene sorbitol averaging 30 oxyethylene groups per mol, mono-laurate of polyoxyethylene sorbitan averaging 3 oxyethylene groups per mol, mono-palmitate of polyoxyethylene sorbitan averaging 6 oxyethylene groups per mol.  The emulsifier may also be a polyether alcohol of the general formula R-(O CnH2n)x-OH wherein R is an aryl, aralkyl or saturated aliphatic group having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, n is 2 and x is an integer of 2 to 20. The preferred emulsifers of this type are alkylaryl polyether alcohols in which R is essentially nonyl phenyl, m is 2 and x averages about 4 1/2 .  Specified germicides are alkyl ammonium halides such as cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, octadecyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide, octadecenyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide, and dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, alkylaryl ammonium halides in which the aryl group may be phenyl, benzyl, xylyl such as the long-chain alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides in teneral, including octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetylbenzyldimethyl ammonium bromide, an alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium bromide in which the alkyl group averages about 14 carbon atoms, dioctylbenzylmethyl ammonium bromide and trioctylmethyl ammonium bromide, p.chloro meta xylenol, hexachlorphene, 2,21methylene bis (3,4,6-trichlorophenol), and hydroxy chlorodiphenyl methane, dibenzoyl peroxide, dinonyl dibenzoyl peroxide, and tetramethyl thiuram disulphide.ALSO:An anhydrous liquid germicidal composition, cosmetic, hair preparation, or pharmaceutical preparation comprises at least 60% by weight of the composition of a white mineral oil preferably of the type used for pharmaceutical preparations preferably in an amount of 60 to 95% by weight, a non-ionic emulsifier which is soluble in both the white oil and the water and preferably in about 1 to 10% by weight, and a germicide which is soluble both in the white mineral oil and water and preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight.  There may also be incorporated a solubilizing agent for enhancing the solubility of the germicide in the white mineral oil preferably in an amount of 1 to 10% by weight. Specified solubilizing agents are high molecular weight aliphatic alcohols and mixtures thereof, such, for example, as lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol and octyl dodecanol and high molecular weight glycols and mixtures thereof such, for example, as ethylhexylene glycol.  The germicide may be a quaternary ammonium compound, a chlorophenol or an alkylchlorophenol, a labile disulphide, an organic peroxide or a chloroamine.  The emulsifier may be those formed by the reaction of acids such as myristic, stearic, palmitic, lauric and oleic with polyhydroxy compounds such as polyglycols, glycerol, polyglycerols, erythritol, pentaerythritol, the hexitans and hexitols and with ethylene oxide to form partial esters of polyoxyethylene ethers and polyoxyethylene ethers of partial esters.  Preferred among these are the polyoxyethylene ethers of hexitan partial esters of fatty acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms wherein the ratio of oxyethylene groups to fatty acids radicals is from 3 to 8, and partial esters of fatty acids having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms with polyoxyethylene ethers of hexitols wherein the ratio of oxyethylene groups to fatty acid radicals is from 3 to 8. Specified emulsifiers of this type are polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-stearate averaging 4 oxyethylene groups per mol., polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate averaging 5 oxyethylene groups per mol., polyoxyethylene mannitan monolaurate averaging 3 oxyethylene groups per mol., polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate averaging 20 oxyethylene groups per mol., polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate averaging 20 oxyethylene groups per mol., polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate averaging 16 oxyethylene groups per mol., hexaoleate of polyoxyethylene sorbitol averaging 30 oxyethylene groups per mol., mono-laurate of polyoxyethylene sorbitan averaging 3 oxyethylene groups per mol., mono-palmitate of polyoxyethylene sorbitan averaging 6 oxyethylene groups per mol.  The emulsifier may also be a polyether alcohol of the general formula R-(OCnH2n)x-OH wherein R is an aryl, aralkyl or saturated aliphatic group having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, n is 2 and x is an integer of 2 to 20. The preferred emulsifiers of this type are alkyl-aryl polyether alcohols in which R is essentially nonyl phenyl, m is 2 and x averages about 4 1/2 e.g. Triton (Registered Trade Mark) Specified germicides are alkyl ammonium halides such as cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, octadecyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide, octadecenyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide, and dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, alkylaryl ammonium halides in which the aryl group may be phenyl, benzyl, xylyl such as the long-chain alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides in general, including octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetylbenzyldimethyl ammonium bromide, an alkylbenzyldimethyl ammonium bromide in which the alkyl group averages about 14 carbon atoms, dioctylbenzylmethyl ammonium bromide and trioctylmethyl ammonium bromide, p-chloro meta xylenol, hexachlorophene, 2,21 - methylene bis (3,4,6-trichlorophenol), and hydroxy chloro-diphenyl methane, dibenzoyl peroxide, dinonyl dibenzoyl peroxide, and tetramethyl thiuram disulphide.