Patent GB-1016957-A (GB)
Title: Coating composition particularly for electrodeposition
IPC: C08F212/14
Filed: 1962-12-21
Abstract: Metal surfaces are coated electrophoretically using a dispersion in aqueous medium of a vehicle made by reacting a drying or semi-drying oil fatty acid ester with a a ,b  unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or anhydride, e.g. maleic, fumaric, itaconic acid, and partly neutralizing the product with an amino-compound or ammonia, whereby the reaction product has 10-50% of the acidity neutralized. Alternatively a mixture of more acid products may be used e.g. a product neutralized to at least 10% with a similar product neutralized to at least 20%. Drying and semi-drying oil esters used include linseed, tung, poppy seed and similar oils; which may be modified by reacting with fatty acids e.g. stearic, phthalic, benzoic acid or abietic acid from rozin.  Esters may be made by treating the fatty oil ester to form the di- or mono-glyceride which is then re-esterified with the acid, or by reacting glycerol, glycol, sorbitol &c. with the oil fatty acid.  Esters of epoxide of fatty acids may also be used, e.g. esters of diglycidyl ethers of of polyhydric compounds. Copolymers with styrene and similar compounds are referred to.  The unsaturated dicarboxylic acids used preferably contain 4-12 C atoms.  The reaction product may be mixed with monomers which harden the final film e.g. styrene and derivatives, isoprene, vinyl esters, chlor-butadiene, acrylonitrile, and methyl methacrylate.  The partial neutralization of the product may be effected with ammonia or amines, which may be alkyl, aryl, or cyclo alkyl, and is controlled since at above 50% neutralization the medium is too highly conductive for satisfactory electrophoretic deposition. As examples, butylamine, cyclohexylamine, pyrrol, aniline, hydrazine, ethanolamines, and histamine, and solid amines e.g. 2-Me-2 amino-1,4 butanediol, which form amido-groups. Other additions include pigments, dyes, antioxidants, and surface-active agents.  About 5-10% of the product is mixed with de-ionized water to form the paint of pH 6-7.5.  Deposition conditions are: 50-350 V., C.D. up to 15 A.S.F. The coating is finally baked at 100-200  DEG C. for 10-30 minutes. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 907,782.ALSO:Metal surfaces are coated, electrophoretically, using a dispersion in an aqueous medium of a vehicle made by reacting a drying or semi-drying oil fatty acid ester with a a -b  unsaturated di-carboxylic acid or anhydride, e.g. maleic, fumaric, itaconic acid, and partly neutralizing the product with ammonia or an amine, whereby the product has 10 to 50% of the acidity neutralized.  Drying and semi-drying oil esters include linseed, dehydrated castor oil, tung, poppy seed and similar oils which may be used as such or treated to form the mono- or di-glyceride and then re-esterified with e.g. stearic, phthalic, benzoic or abietic acid from rosin.  Alternatively the fatty acid derived from the oil may be esterified with polyols, e.g. pentaerythritol.  The esters may be modified with monomers, e.g. styrene.  Other esters specified include esters of epoxides, e.g. esters of diglycidyl ethers of polyhydric compounds. The reaction between the two components is effected at 100 DEG  to 300 DEG  C. without a catalyst, and the product may be dispersed in the aqueous medium alone or in combination with another ethylenically unsaturated monomer, e.g. styrene and derivatives of, including halogenated hydrocarbons, isoprene, butadiene, vinyl toluene, vinyl acetate, butyl methacrylate, allyl cyanide, acrylonitrile and many others. The partial neutralization of the product may be effected by ammonia, simple amines, e.g. butylamine, cyclohexylamine, or by aniline, pyrrol, hydrazine, histamine, alkylolamines or solid amines, e.g. 2Me-2-amino-1,4-butanediol. Amido groups are formed.  About 5 to 10% of the product is dispersed in de-ionized water together with surface-active agents, dyes, pigments and anti-oxidants.  In examples of products, (1) an epoxy ester of tall oil fatty acids [C3B] is made by reacting the condensation product of epichlorhydrin and bisphenol A with tall oil fatty acids in the presence of an aromatic solvent. The mixture is heated at 240 DEG  C. until acid value is reduced to 22.7. Maleic anhydride is then added in an inert gas atmosphere, and after 1 1/2 hrs., morpholine added with hot rosin.  The product is 43% neutralized, and is ground up with pigments and de-ionized water. (2) [C3P] linseed oil and maleic anhydride is heated at 220 DEG  C. in an inert atmosphere, to which is then added styrene and di-(tertiary butyl) peroxide forming a product of acid value 71.6. The warm resin is neutralized by 42% by adding de-ionized water and ammonia, and then dispersed in water with pigments as in examples. (3) [C3R] Rosin acids, trimethylolethane and linseed oil are heated together in xylene as solvent, until acid value is reduced to 9, when maleic anhydride is added and the heating continued for 3 hours. The product is neutralized by 34% with morpholine, and then dispersed in water with pigments &c.  (4) [C3R] Linseed oil acids, pentaerythritol and SnF2, are heated together until the acid value falls to 5.3, when maleic anhydride is added and heating continued for 3 hrs.  The product is neutralized with ammonia.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 907,782.