Patent GB-1042478-A (GB)
Title: Production of polyurethane foams
Inventor: DAUMILLER GUENTHER
IPC: C08G18/62
Filed: 1963-07-03
Abstract: Polyurethane foams are prepared by reaction of polyisocyanates with hydroxyl-containing polyesters or polyethers, in the presence of water or a volatile organic blowing agent boiling between 0 DEG  and 100 DEG  C., together with at least one copolymer containing both tertiary nitrogen, and isocyanate-reactive groups (i.e. carboxylic, carboxylic amide, mercapto, thiolic, thionic, sulphydryl, primary or secondary basic amino, carbon bonded activated hydrogen, or preferably hydroxyl groups), the copolymer being obtained by polymerizing a ,b -ethylenically unsaturated monomers (i.e. compounds having a polymerizable double bond between the first two carbons of the unsubstituted end of the carbon chain).  Suitable copolymers are polymerization products of either a monomer having one of the above-mentioned required groups with a second monomer having the other required group, or a monomer having both required groups with another a ,b -unsaturated monomer.  Examples are given for preparation of such polymers from the following, using azodibutyronitrile as a catalyst in all cases: (1) isobutyl acrylate, 4-hydroxy butyl acrylate, tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, and N-vinyl imidazole; (2) isobutyl acrylate, 4-hydroxy butyl acrylate, tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, and N - vinyl - 2 - methylol imidazole; (3) butyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, and dimethylamino styrene; (4) butyl acrylate, 4-hydroxy butyl acrylate, tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, butene-2 ol (1), and N vinyl imidazole; (5) butyl acrylate, 4 hydroxy butyl acrylate, tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, and N vinyl 2,4,5 trimethyl imidazole; (6) 2 ethyl hexyl acrylate, 4 hydroxy butyl acrylate, tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, butenol, and vinyl imidazole; (7) isobutyl acrylate, 2 hydroxy propyl methacrylate, tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, and 2 methyl 5 vinyl pyridine; (8) butyl acrylate, 2 hydroxy ethyl acrylate, butenol, and N vinyl benzimidazole (9) butyl acrylate, butene 2 ol (1), and 2; hydroxyethyl N vinyl imidazole; (10) butyl acrylate, 4 hydroxy butyl acrylate, vinyl propionate, butene 2 ol (1), and N vinyl 3,5 dimethyl pyrazole; (11) 2 ethyl hexyl acrylate, 4 hydroxy butyl acrylate, hexene (3) diol-2,5, styrene, and N-vinyl-2-methyl imidazole; (12) butyl acrylate, 2-hydroxy propyl acrylate, butene - 2 - ol - (1), vinylidene chloride, and N-vinyl imidazole; (13) isobutyl acrylate, butene-2-ol-(1), and di-(b -hydroxyethyl)-aminomethylene methacrylamide; (14) butyl acrylate, butanediol monoacrylate, secondary butenol, and N-vinyl imidazole.  These co-polymers suitably comprise 5 to 25% of the isocyanate-reactive mixture, in which the remaining components are conventional polyesters or polyethers useful in polyurethane production.  Optional additives to the condensation reaction mixture are, e.g., emulsifiers, foam stabilizers to regulate pore size, such as organopolysiloxanes, and catalysts, such as tin compounds and tertiary amines.  The polyurethanes of the invention may be prepared by one-shot techniques, and the process obviates the use of toxic or odiferous tertiary amine catalysts, since the copolymers have corresponding catalytic activity and then become part of the final polymer mass by cross-linking.