baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1074204-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of substantially linear polyesters
IPC: C08G63/78
Filed: 1964-06-17
Abstract: Substantially linear polyesters of a high degree of polymerization are prepared by adding to a molten polyester of intrinsic viscosity at least 0.2, as determined in o-chlorophenol at 35 DEG  C., which is polymerizable with elimination of a 1,2- or 1,3-glycol, a carbonate of a monohydric phenol, and advancing the condensation polymerization under reduced pressure, while the reaction mixture is kept molten. The polyesters may be derived from dicarboxylic acids, e.g. terephthalic, isophthalic, diphenyl-4,41-dicarboxylic, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic, diphenylether - 4,41 - dicarboxylic, diphenylsulphone - 4,41 - dicarboxylic, diphenylmethane - 4,41 - dicarboxylic and diphenoxyethane-4,41-dicarboxylic acids, and 1,2- or 1,3-glycols, e.g. ethylene or propylene glycol, or butane-, cyclohexane-, or cyclopentane-1,2-diols, and trimethylene glycol, neopentylene glycol, and butane- and cyclohexane-1,3-diols, or from 1,2-or 1,3-glycol esters of aliphatic or aromatic hydroxy-acids, e.g. b -hydroxyethyl- or g -hydroxypropyl - p - b  - hydroxyethoxybenzoate or p - b  - hydroxyethoxyvanillate.  The phenol carbonate may be one or more of the formula Y-O-CO-O-Z or X-CO-O-Z wherein Z is a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent aromatic radical, Y is an organic residue and X is a halogen atom or a group Y-S-, Y may contain a further carbonate residue -O-CO-O-Z1 or -S-CO-O-Z1, where Z1 is a monovalent aromatic radical the same as or different from Z. Suitable such compounds are di phenyl, di-o-tolyl, di-p-chlorophenyl, di-b -naph thyl, di - o - phenylphenyl, di - (2,6 - di methylphenyl), phenyl cyclohexyl, phenyl b -naphthyl, and p-phenylphenyl ethyl carbonates, diphenyl p,p1-isopropylidenediphenyl dicarbonate, and 1,3,5-tri-(phenylcarbonato)-benzene, and phenyl and p-phenylphenyl chlorocarbonates and diphenyl monothiocarbonate.  The amount of carbonate to be added decreases with the degree of polymerization of the treated polyester, and the upper limit is given by y in y = - 2x3 + 9x2 - 7x + 13.5, where x represents the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester at the time of addition and lies between 0.2-1.5, and y is a mol per cent related to the total mol number of the acid component of the polyester. Delustrants, e.g. TiO2, and stabilizers, e.g. H3PO3, may be added.  In examples diphenyl carbonate is added to terephthalic acid-ethylene glycol polyesters.  In Examples 12-17 di-b -naphthyl, di-o-tolyl, di-o-phenylphenyl, and di-(2,6 - dimethylphenyl) carbonates, p - phenylphenyl chlorocarbonate, diphenyl p-phenylene dicarbonate and dicyclohexyl carbonate are used; in Example 18 trimethylene glycol is used and in Examples 18-19 and 20 dimethyl sebacate and dimethyl isophthalate are used in preparing the polyester, while in Example 21 b -hydroxyethyl p-b -hydroxyethoxybenzoate is polymerized.  Conventional catalysts used are the acetates of Ca, Zn and MnII, Sb2O3, basic zinc carbonate, and titanium tetraethoxide and tetraisopropoxide.
Patent GB-462141-A (GB)
Title: Thermal power plants
IPC: F02B71/00
Filed: 1935-09-09
Abstract: 462,141. Power-generating systems. PESCARA, R. P. Sept. 9, 1935, No. 25102. Convention date, Sept. 7, 1934. [Classes 8 (i) and 8 (ii)] [Also in Group XXVI] Power plant wherein a two-stroke internalcombustion engine drives a compressor and the compressed air and exhaust gases of the engine are used for driving a prime mover, such as a turbine, are provided with an interheater, the compressed gases being heated therein by the heat remaining in the combustion gases after they have been used as the driving medium in the prime mover. The free pistons 21, 2<2> of the internal-combustion engine drive direct the pistons 4<1>, 4<2> of the compressor and the compressed air therefrom is used as scavenging air in the engine. Two rings of ports 7, 9 in the engine are connected by pipes 11, 8 respectively with a turbine 12. The hot combustion gases pass through the pipe 11 and after use in the turbine, through the pipe 13 to the interheater 14 where they give a preliminary heating to the compressed air passing through the pipe 8 to the turbine. The pipe 8 has a valve 10 whereby only the scavenging air passes down the pipe 8. In a modification, the compressed air passes to the receiver 17 from which is taken the supply for the pipe 8 and from which through a governed port 19 part of the air passes to the engine. In that case, the discharge from the port 7 is entirely combustion gases. In a further modification, the port 19 which in the previous example is governed by the pressure in the container, is governed by the temperature or pressure in the combustion gas outlet pipe 11. In another example, the supply passes through a passage of restricted but designed size. In a yet further example, with two stage compression, there are two receivers, the high pressure receiver supplying the pipe passing through the heater whilst the low pressure receiver is used for scavenging air. In that case also the two supplies of power pass separately to two prime movers on the same shaft. It may be arranged to supply these gases alternately to the turbine nozzles to maintain an even temperature of the blades.
Patent GB-1255405-A (GB)
Title: Polymers containing boron, oxygen and phosphorus
Inventor: CARTER NEIL
IPC: C08G79/14
Filed: 1969-05-16
Abstract: 1,255,405. Polymers containing boron and phosphorus. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 14 May, 1970 [16 May, 1969], No. 25116/69. Heading C3R. Novel polymers contain units of formula or of formula where R<SP>1</SP> to R<SP>8</SP> are substituents, e.g. halogen atoms or alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, dialkyiamine or diarylamine groups. The polymers with units I are obtained by heating a compound of formula where substituents R are as R<SP>1</SP> to R<SP>8</SP> above and Y is alkoxy when Z is halogen or Y is halogen when Z is alkoxy. The polymers with units of Formula II are obtained by heating compounds of this formula but with an additional R substituent on each of the boron and phosphorous atoms selected as Y and Z above. Polymers with units of formula where Ar is an aromatic group may be obtained by reacting a diaromatic phosphinic acid, e.g. diphenyl phosphinic acid, with boron triacetate or a mixture of boric acid and acetic anhydride. Examples are given. Uses-Fibres and matrices for fibre reinforcement.
Patent GB-340232-A (GB)
Title: Improved cleansing agents
IPC: C11D9/26
Filed: 1929-08-17
Abstract: Compositions for removing stains of copying inks or pencils, typewriter ribbons, and the like consist of a cellulose ether swollen in water, and one or more organic solvents.  Soap with or without glycerine may be added.  In examples, pastes are obtained by mixing (a) 100 lbs. of methyl cellulose containing 85 per cent of water, 40 lbs. of curd soap, and either 10 lbs. of glycerine and 60 lbs. of ethylene glycol ethyl ether or 15 lbs. of glycerine and 30 lbs. of benzyl alcohol; (b) 100 lbs. of cellulose glycollic acid ether containing 80 per cent of water, 40 lbs. of curd soap, 15 lbs. of glycerine, and 50 lbs. of cyclohexanone.  Other solvents specified are methyl-cyclohexanone, ethylene glycol mono-phenyl ether, polyethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether, glycols, mono- or poly-hydric alcohols, ethers, esters, and ketones. Specifications 198,807 and 313,966, [both in Class 91, Oils &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-502047-A (GB)
Title: Process for manufacturing artificial fibre from protein contained in soy-bean
IPC: D01F4/00
Filed: 1937-09-16
Abstract: 502,047. Artificial silk. NIHON KARI KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA. Sept. 16, 1937, No. 25217. Convention date, May 25. [Class 2 (ii)] Artificial fibres are manufactured from the protein contained in the residue from soyabean after the oil has been extracted by treating the residue with dilute alkali, precipitating the protein with acids or metallic salts, washing the precipitate, adding a stabilizer and redissolving in alkaline solution, maturing and spinning in an acid bath with or without an organic coagulating agent. The first extract may be purified by adding sodium or hydrogen peroxide and filtering through bone charcoal or china clay. Suitable acid or salt precipitants are acetic, sulphuric or phosphoric acids, and copper or zinc sulphates or acetates. Suitable stabilizers are sugar or tartaric acid. Suitable coagulating agents for the spinning bath are alcohol, formaldehyde and acetone. Specification 502,048 is referred to.
Patent GB-1015295-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to underwater communication systems
Inventor: LOBELLE MARCEL JULES ODILON
IPC: H04B13/02
Filed: 1963-06-25
Abstract: 1,015,295. Leakage signalling. M.L. AVIATION CO. Ltd. June 24, 1964 [June 25, 1963], No. 25272/63. Heading H4U. Underwater communication equipment comprises a pair of spaced electrodes which are secured to a diver's suit, an amplifier with its battery carried in a cannister on the front of the suit, and a microphone and earphones mounted in the head piece, a selector switch connecting the microphone to the input of the amplifier and the electrodes to the output in one position, and the electrodes to the input of the amplifier and the earphones to the output in another position. A filter may be provided at the input of the amplifier to exclude undesired signals.
Patent GB-1473976-A (GB)
Title: Circuitboards
IPC: H05K1/14
Filed: 1975-06-13
Abstract: 1473976 Capacitive switching systems INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 13 June 1975 [14 June 1974] 25339/75  Heading G1N [Also in Divisions G4 and H1] A capacitive keyboard assembly comprises pairs of conductive pads 2, 3 on one surface of dielectric sheet 1 in registry with pairs of conductive pads 2', 3' on the facing surface of a second dielectric sheet 1, the pads being separated by dielectric sheet 6, each pad 2 being connected to an A.C. source and each pad 3' to an outlet. A push-button actuated conductive member 7 varies the capacitive coupling between pad 2 and pad 3', capacitance C4 between pad 2 and pad 2' playing no part. The sheet bearing pads 2', 3' may be sufficiently rigid to support the other, flexible sheets or three flexible sheets may be supported on a rigid base. The pairs of conductive pads are arranged in columns and rows to provide an MxN matric, M columns of conductors connecting pads 2 to the A.C. source and N rows of conductors connecting pads 3' to the output Figs. 1A, 1B (not shown).
Patent GB-821760-A (GB)
Title: Pressure and temperature responsive regulating system for valves
IPC: G05D23/12
Filed: 1957-08-12
Abstract: 821,760. Refrigerating. SVENSKA TURBIN AKTIEBOLAGET LJUNGSTROM. Aug. 12, 1957 [Aug. 23, 1956], No. 25398/57. Class 29 [Also in Group XXIX] A thermostatic expansion valve comprises a movable partition 6, Fig. 1, separating a bellows-enclosed chamber 3 from a chamber 13 in which fluid pressure, after passage through a restricted orifice 14, acts on a smaller area of the partition so that, in the event of a rapid change of pressure in the chamber 3 due to variation of temperature sensed by a feeler 1 subject to evaporator temperature, the partition is initially deflected beyond the position that. it finally attains when the pressures on either side of the orifice 14 have become equalized. Instead of the orifice 14 in the partition, an internal pipe 15 with an adjustable valve 16 may be provided. The partition 6, which operates the expansion valve member 8 through rods 7, is also responsive to the pressure at the outlet of the valve transmitted through passages 11 to a chamber 10 enclosed by a bellows 9. In a modification, the rods 7 and passages 11 are outside the bellows 9 and the orifice 14 interconnects the chambers 3, 10. In a further modification, the bellows 5, 9 are interchanged so that the partition is responsive to evaporator temperature, valve outlet pressure and rate of change of valve outlet pressure. Fig. 3 illustrates a further embodiment having three bellows 5, 9, 18 associated with a fixed partition 19 and a pair of movable partitions 6, 17 whereby the apparatus is responsive to temperature, pressure, and the rate of change of both of these characteristics.
Patent GB-888444-A (GB)
Title: Friction element for clutch or brake
IPC: F16D69/02
Filed: 1959-07-23
Abstract: 888,444. Friction clutches; shaft couplings. EATON MANUFACTURING CO. July 23, 1959 [June 15, 1959], No. 25399/59. Class 80 (2). [Also in Group XXXIV] To increase the dynamic coefficient of friction of a friction element used in a clutch, coupling or brake and running in oil, the element is formed with at least 200 projections per square inch on its friction face, each projection being surrounded by a groove. In general, at least 75% of the projections have an area not greater than 0.002 square inch each, although a few of the projections may be slightly bigger. The projections may have areas of 0.0001 square inch each or less. The projections provide at least 25% of the surface area of the friction element, and the grooves are not less than 0.005 inch across. The depths of the grooves between the projections lie within the range of 0.003-0.007 inch. The projections may be provided upon a sintered iron disc engaging a solid steel disc, or vice versa, or upon an inorganic disc, such as a cellulose thermosetting precompacted material, engaging a steel disc, or upon a sintered bronze disc engaging a steel disc &c. In the form shown, a shaft 16, Fig. 1, has a splined hub 18 carrying discs 24 interleaved with discs 28 in splined engagement with a surrounding housing 12 keyed to a shaft 17 and forming a closed sump 14 within which oil is retained. The discs 28 are plain steel discs, and the discs 24, Figs. 2, 5, are formed with projections 30 engaging the plane surfaces. Grooves 32 separate the projections from each other. The projections 30 are formed by milling the grooves 32, stamping the disc, etching, &c. In one particular construction, the projections 30 measure 0.020 inch along each side and the grooves 32 are 0.020 inch wide. In another form, a clutch element 41, Fig. 6, is formed with circular projections 40 of an area of approximately 0.007 square inch each, approximately 1600 projections lying within each square inch. In another modification, a clutch element 51, Fig. 7, is formed with irregularly-shaped projections 54, each projection not exceeding 0.002 square inch in area and there being at least 200 projections per square inch of surface. An empirically determined graph, Fig. 8 (not shown), is given, illustrating the increase in dynamic friction for lubricated friction elements when the size of their projections is decreased below a critical value.
Patent GB-1127415-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the commutators of rotary electric machines
IPC: H01R39/04
Filed: 1966-06-08
Abstract: 1,127,415. Making commutators. J. DEMERCIERE. 8 June, 1966 [8 July, 1965(2)], No. 25464/66. Heading B3A. [Also in Division H2] A commutator for an electrical machine comprises a plurality of bars 14 each having a a number of L or T-shaped slots 21, 22 in the radially inner face and at one end a riser 14a and an axially projecting lug 24 with, at the other end, a slot 23 preferably of similar shape to the lug 24 so that wastage is reduced in production. The bars are assembled with insulating spacers (15) and secured by rings 16, 17, 18, fitting in the slots in the bar and ring 19 which is force fitted on the outer periphery of lug 24. The rings are preferably made of insulating material, e.g. glass fibre embedded in synthetic resin. The assembly is secured on sleeve 26 by means of an injected or moulded insulating material 25. In a modification the interleaved insulation is shaped to position the rings before moulding, Figs. 2 and 3 (not shown).
Patent GB-1006437-A (GB)
Title: Automatic compensation for wear in friction brakes
IPC: F16D65/18
Filed: 1962-07-03
Abstract: 1,006,437. Disc brakes; ratchet clutches. LICENTIA PATENT - VERWALTUNGS G.m.b.H. July 3, 1962 [July 3, 1961], No. 25477/62. Headings F2C and F2E. In a disc brake comprising a fixed disc 1 to which is applied an annular pad 6 carried by annular plate 4, each of two applying levers 13, 33 acts on the plate 4 via an automatic slack adjuster comprising a nut 26 secured to plate 4, and a screw-threaded rod 25 having a portion 43 provided with a groove 45 into which a ball 46 located in a bore 44 in a driving member 41 is urged by a spring 48, the lever being connected to the driving member by a pin and slot connection 30, 31 and having an extension 18 located between flanges 20, 21 on the driving member. In operation, the brake is applied by a spring 10 acting on each lever, the lever acting on driving member 41 through the connection 30, 31 to apply the pad 6 to disc 1. Should pad wear become excessive the extension 18 contacts flange 20 and rotates driving member 41, which is journalled on the portion 43 of the rod 25, in the direction 49 so that ball 46 rolls and does not transmit rotary movement to the portion 43. When the brake is subsequently released by a solenoid 7 acting on armature 8 connected to the junction of levers 13, 33, extension 18 contacts flange 21 to rotate member 41 in the reverse direction in which the ball 46 is wedged in the groove 47 and transmits rotary movement to the portion 43 so that rod 25 is screwed out of the nut 26 to take up the slack.
Patent GB-735020-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical phase discriminating or phase controlling circuits
Inventor: WHITE ERIC LAWRENCE CASLING
IPC: H04N5/12
Filed: 1951-11-01
Abstract: 735,020. Phase measurement. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Nov. 3, 1952 [Nov. 1, 1951], No. 25525/51. Class 37. [Also in Groups XL (a) and XL (c)] In a time-interval measuring system the beam of a CRT is swept laterally across a number of target electrodes and beam intensity modulated by pulses applied to the grid. An external circuit associated with the targets and with the pair of deflecting electrodes causes the beam to strike the centre target at the instant of maximum intensity. As shown, the beam 12 of CRT 4 is swept across targets 13, 14, 15 and simultaneously modulated. The sweeping action is effected by the saw-tooth generator 31 and plate 30 and modulation is carried out at the grid 5 by the pulses received at the radar aerial 1. The impulses at 13, 15 develop biases at the grids of the tube 21 and a control potential at the load resistor 26, which is applied to deflector plate 29 and which is a measure of the time interval between the pulses at the aerial and generator 31. The control potential at 29 acts to advance or retard the beam until the impulses at 13, 15 are equal. That is, the maximum intensity occurs when the beam is at 14.
Patent GB-339240-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lifting or elevating devices
IPC: B66F7/24
Filed: 1929-08-22
Abstract: 339,240. Frost, W., and Frost & Co., Ltd., H. Aug. 22, 1929. Stands or supports for vehicles.-A framework supported on struts, one or more pairs of which are pivoted to a base member, for raising motorvehicles bodily to facilitate repairs &c., is elevated by a hand or motor-driven winch through cables preferably so disposed that they slope upwardly from the frame when this is in the lowered position. The apparatus may comprise longitudinal girders 20, Fig. 1, carried by transversely braced pairs of pivoted struts 21, 22 giving a parallel motion and being sustained in the raised position by a detent 8 on one of the struts engaging a rack 9 on the base member. Alternatively, one pair of struts 41, Fig. 3, may be slidably connected to the longitudinals 30, the other pair 42 contacting with a fixed stop 48 so that in the initial position the framework forms an inclined trackway up which the vehicle may be driven, the subsequent elevating motion being mainly of a rocking nature; in a modification, the longitudinals 30 are directly pivoted to the struts 41 and are adapted to slide and rock on fixed struts or supports substituted for the pivoted struts 42. The winch mechanism is carried between standards 12 secured by braceplates 13, 14, the winding drum, which may be driven through worm &c. reduction gearing by an electric motor 15, being arranged, as shown, either at the top or the base thereof. The cables 24 may be connected either to the longitudinals or the struts. Switches may be actuated by the struts to stop the motor in either limiting position of the framework. The frame may be sustained in the elevated position by the frictional reaction of the worm &c. gearing. The Provisional Specification, describes also arrangements wherein the longitudinals are pivoted to fixed struts and slidably connected to pivoted struts and wherein struts having different amounts of angular motion, as in the form shown in Fig. 3, are respectively connected to cables wound round winch-drums of different diameters or rotating at different speeds. Specification 251,831 is referred to.
Patent GB-813193-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to toy balloons and like inflatable articles
Inventor: REDGEWELL WILLIAM JAMES
IPC: B05D5/06
Filed: 1956-08-22
Abstract: <PICT:0813193/III/1> <PICT:0813193/III/2> Toy balloons and other inflatable articles similarly produced by dipping are given a decorative finish by directing colouring matter in the form of drops or jets against the surfaces of the articles and providing a film of water on the said surfaces to cause spreading of the said colouring matter.  The film of water may be produced by dipping the articles into hot or cold water either before or after applying the colouring. The colouring matter may be applied by allowing streams of colouring matter to fall from tanks thereof and passing the articles through the streams.  A second application of colouring matter may be made. As shown, apparatus consists of a series of containers (Fig. 4) having outlets 19 controlled by valves 18, a carrier 23 to which the balloons mounted on formers are attached and which may be passed under the outlets, and funnels 21 and receivers 22 for colouring matter passing the balloons.  The apparatus may be designed (Fig. 5) with guiding means 28 for the carrier, a portion 30 of which means is rotatable through 180 degrees in the vertical plane so that after passing under the outlets from containers 25 the balloons are inverted and passed under the outlets from tank 26, so that colour is applied to both sides of the balloons.  The tank 32 contains hot water in which the balloons are dipped before passage through the apparatus.
Patent GB-631060-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to distance blocks for railway permanent way
IPC: E01B5/18
Filed: 1947-09-22
Abstract: 631,060. Permanent way; crossings. WILLIAMS, Ltd., H., and WILLIAMS, O. M. Sept. 22, 1947, No. 25693. [Classes 104 (i) and 104 (ii)] A distance block for holding a check rail in spaced relationship with respect to the stock rail of a permanent way, or for maintaining permanent way rails in spaced relationship at crossings, consists of a pair of bar-like outer sections a each with one side recessed longitudinally at f, and the other side provided with one or more bosses g of circular cross-section or a continuous longitudinal boss, and an associated cylindrical member or members b located between the co-operating bosses, the parts being provided with through-holes which are aligned with holes in the rails e to receive securing bolts. The outer sections a are profiled to bear against the under face of the railhead c and also against the web d and upper face of the foot or flange e. The end faces of the members b are machined to the angle necessary to conform to the opposed faces of the rails between which the distance blocks are inserted. The co-operating sections may be provided with interfitting ribs and grooves to prevent turning. The sections may be welded together prior to insertion between the rails. A single continuous central member i, Fig. 4 (not shown), may be located between the bosses g in place of the cylindrical member or members b.