baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-948248-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in processing of hydroxy-ethylcellulose
IPC: C08B11/20
Filed: 1962-10-10
Abstract: The degree of polymerization (DP) of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) is lowered by subjecting HEC containing 0.2 to 3 ppm of cobalt or 1 to 25 ppm of manganese based on the dry weight of HEC, to catalytic oxidation in an oxygen-containing gas at 30-60 DEG C. The metal may be incorporated into the HEC, or added to the cellulose or alkali cellulose at any stage prior to reaction with ethylene oxide.  The metal may be added as a compound, preferably water-soluble, e.g. cobaltous sulphate, nitrate or chloride, manganese sulphate, chloride, nitrate or acetate, or potassium permanganate.  The oxygen-containing gas may be air, oxygen-enriched air or oxygen, the oxygen pressure or partial pressure being 0.2 to 2.0 ats. Hydroxyethylation is carried out by known techniques.  The catalysed oxidative ageing reduces the normal ageing time for HEC. In an example, a continuous sheet of wood-pulp of DP750 is treated to contain 2 ppm of cobalt.  The catalysed pulp is steeped in sodium hydroxide at 50 DEG C., shredded and continuously reacted with ethylene oxide to a substitution level of 4%.  The resulting HEC is continuously passed through an ageing tower containing an atmosphere comprising 20% of oxygen at 50 DEG C.  A retention time of 50 mins. give a product with DP300.
Patent GB-1140475-A (GB)
Title: Protection of buildings against the action of projectiles or projectile splinters
IPC: F41H5/02
Filed: 1967-08-21
Abstract: 1,140,475. Armour plating. KLOCKNERWERKE A.G. 21 Aug., 1967 [21 Sept., 1966], No. 38454/67. Heading F3X. An arrangement for protecting buildings against the action of projectiles or projectile splinters comprises a composite cast steel plate 9 mounted parallel to and spaced apart from the surface of the building to be protected. The plate 9 is mounted so that it is movable to a limited extent from the surface and resilient means 6 are interposed between the plate 9 and the surface. The mounting allowing limited movement may consist of a U-section bar 7 partly embedded in the surface to be protected and an L-section bar 8 connected to the plate 9 and with one of its limbs lying between the flanges of the bar 7. The resilient means may include resilient elements of differing degrees of resistance to compression and deformation, e.g. rubber pads (Fig. 3, not shown) and rubber-metal sandwich elements (Fig. 4, not shown). The resilient means are connected to the surface by screws 3 co-operating with anchor bars 2 in the surface. The plate 9 has two or more layers in which at least one layer is harder than the other(s) the harder layer(s) facing away from the surface.
Patent GB-1404198-A (GB)
Title: Device for supplying electric current to and for supporting  and electrical appliance
IPC: F21V21/34
Filed: 1972-08-17
Abstract: 1404198 Supply systems for spot lights; electric couplings M SOQUENNE 17 Aug 1972 [17 Aug 1971 25 July 1972] 38473/72 Headings H2E and H2H Apparatus for supporting and supplying current to an appliance such as a lamp comprises a pair of U-section current supply bus-bars 1, 2, Fig. 1, mounted back to back in an H-section insulator 4 and a clamp fixed to the appliance and having conductive jaws 7, 8 clamped to the bus-bars 1, 2 by a knob 19b. Jaw 7 is connected directly to one pole of the appliance and the other pole is connected to jaw 8 by a relay energized from one of a plurality of auxiliary conductors 6a-6f selected by turning a button 17. The auxiliary conductors are selectively energizable from a switch box (12) Fig. 4 (not shown). The bus-bars and the jaws are preferably made of aluminium. Sections of conductor rail may be connected together by straps 26, Fig. 5, which are secured by screws 28 in the U-sections and have pins 25 which fit in apertures 24 in conductive blocks separated by an insulator 23. In a modification, Fig. 6 (not shown), the pins 25 are replaced by square section extensions of the straps which fit in castellation in the blocks. (For Figures see next column.)
Patent GB-842943-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrodes for high-frequency heating apparatus
Inventor: MYERS JOHN
IPC: H05B6/54
Filed: 1957-12-13
Abstract: 842,943. Electric heating. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Dec. 8, 1958 [Dec. 13, 1957], No. 38810/57. Class 39(3). An electrode for stray-field high frequency heating comprises a plurality of strips 1 secured in parallel arrangement on a support 7, each strip having a longitudinally extending metallic conductor 2 wholly embedded except at the ends within a low loss insulating material, preferably a heat hardening casting resin. As shown, each strip 1 comprises a tubular conductor 2, e.g. of aluminium alloy, disposed within an insulating block 3 together with nuts 4 receiving bolts 6 securing the strip to a support 7 which is preferably associated with a backing plate 8. Alternate strips 1 are connected together by copper strip 10, 11 secured by screws received by the tapped ends of the tubes 2. If a continuous working surface is required a facing layer, e.g. of glass cloth dressed with heat-hardening resin, may be provided on top of the discontinuous surface in the embodiment shown. The strips may be cast in a metal mould within which the conductor and nuts are supported, Fig. 5 (not shown), the casting resin being cured by passing a heating current through the metal mould.
Patent GB-979904-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to milk drain valves for machine milking installations
Inventor: PARRY JOHN GERALD
IPC: A01J5/04
Filed: 1962-10-16
Abstract: 979,904. Valves. ALFA-LAVAL CO. Ltd. Oct. 16, 1963 [Oct. 16, 1962], No. 39100/62. Heading F2V. [Also in Division A1] A drain valve for a milking installation comprises a hollow body 1 on to which is threaded a tubular spout 2 rotatable manually to bring a valve member 5 into and out of sealing contact with the bore 3 of the body 1. The valve member 5 is in the form of a stainless steel ball and is pressed against its seating 4 by means of a dowel 6 secured in the spout 2, the ends of the dowel projecting to provide a handle for rotating the spout. A nut or cap 7 is threaded on to the spout 2 and abuts a shoulder 8 on the body 1 to prevent excessive downward movement of the spout relative to the body.
Patent GB-1526275-A (GB)
Title: Temperature sensitive circuit breakers
IPC: H02K/
Filed: 1975-09-24
Abstract: 1526275 Thermal switches TEXAS INSTRUMENTS ITALIA SpA 24 Sept 1975 [24 Sept 1974] 39125/75 Heading H1N A thermal switch for protecting a motor comprises a housing defined by two metal members 1, 2 one of which 1 carries a first contact 1a and the other of which 2 is connected to a bimetal element 3 carrying a second contact 3a normally engaging the first contact la. The metal members 1, 2 are insulated from each other by an insulating sheet 5 and by an insulating spacer 4. Portions of the metal members 1, 2 define terminals 1b, 2b which are connectable in circuit with the motor. The device may be encapsulated in a resin (6) (Fig. 3, not shown) or inserted in a heat shrinkable plastics tube (7) (Fig. 4, not shown).
Patent GB-1473159-A (GB)
IPC: B21D1/05
Filed: 1975-09-04
Abstract: 1473159 Stretch leveller drive HEAD WRIGHTSON & CO Ltd 4 Sept 1975 [9 Sept 1974] 39276/74 Heading B3E A drive mechanism for a continuous stretch leveller having a pair of bridles each including a main roll and other rolls, the main rolls being driven from a single motor, and each other roll from its own motor, includes for each bridle a torque meter measuring the torque applied to its main roll, and providing a signal used to control the energization of the motors driving the other rolls, to maintain the torques applied to the rolls of bridle in constant ratios. In the Figure, motor M drives roll 5 directly, and roll 4 through a differential gear the casing of which is driven through a variable speed gear-box by a separate motor, or motor M, or through an hydraulic pump/motor combination, so that the relative speed of rolls 4, 5 can be controlled to give a degree of stretch of 0 to 2%. The torques applied to the rolls are measured by meters T 1 , T 2 , and in the case of each roll of each bridle, the signal is sealed in an attenuator, e.g. V 2  for roll 2, and compared in comparator C 2  with a signal representing the current applied to motor M 2  by a thyristor device TM 2 , and hence representing the motor torque. An error signal operates the thyristor trigger circuit S2. The torques applied to rolls 1, 2, 3, 4 are thus controlled to be in the ratios 1 : 2 : 4 : 8. Similarly, the torques applied to rolls 5, 6, 7, 8 are controlled in the ratios 8 : 4 : 2 : 1. A correction signal Y may be applied during acceleration or deceleration of the apparatus to compensate for the acceleration or deceleration of the small motors M 1  ... M 8  being more rapid than that of motor M. An alternative control signal Z is provided for use in threading up, or for low speed operation when the torque meter outputs will be too small to be effective.
Patent GB-343658-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spacers for ventilating lath bundles
IPC: F26B25/18
Filed: 1929-12-23
Abstract: 343,658. Drying wood. FEW, W. B., Montrose, Natchitoches, Louisiana, U.S.A. Dec. 23, 1929, No. 39307. [Class 34 (ii).] A bundle of wooden elements or laths is ventilated during drying by incorporating in it one or more of crossshaped spacers B in the angles of which lie the various sections A of the bundle. The spacer comprises strips 1, 2 each of which is seated in a notch formed in the other, and is attached to the bundle by tie wires 5 passing through slots 4 in the ends of the strips.
Patent GB-847243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to frequency selective circuit arrangements
IPC: G01R23/00
Filed: 1956-12-28
Abstract: 847,243. Frequency changing circuits. BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS Inc. Dec. 28, 1956 [Dec. 30, 1955], No. 39384/56. Class 40(6). [Also in Group XXXVI]. The generation of an electrical oscillation of a frequency exactly controlled by a desired frequency component of an input signal is effected by modulating the input signal with a locally produced signal, selecting an output frequency component and modulating it again with the locally produced signal to reproduce the desired input component, the locally produced signal being produced by modulating a locally generated fixed frequency with the reproduced component. In the Figure, a range of harmonics comprising a desired component Fx is applied to a balanced modulator 13 together with a locally generated frequency Fx Œ F generated in a modulator 25. The resulting output of frequency F is selected in a narrow band crystal filter 15 and passed to a second balanced modulator 17 where it is modulated with the locally produced frequency of Fx Œ F. This reproduces in the output circuit the frequency Fx which is selected by an adjustable filter 19 and passed through a high-pass filter 23 to the output terminal 21. The reproduced frequency Fx is also modulated with a frequency F generated in a crystal oscillator 27 to provide the locally generated signal Fx Œ F. If the input signal is of sufficient amplitude the circuit will become oscillatory and this may be assisted by inserting an amplifier in the oscillatory path. Additional frequencies may be selected by adding additional filters such as 19 in parallel with filter 19. The frequency F may be varied in steps to give various frequency ranges and two or more circuits such as that shown may be connected in tandem to improve the selectivity. The use of balanced modulators may be avoided if suitably placed tuned traps are provided in the oscillatory loops.
Patent GB-922030-A (GB)
Title: Improved receiver apparatus for use in a subscription television system
Inventor: LANCE THOMAS MARMADUKE CONSTAB
IPC: H04N7/16
Filed: 1960-11-17
Abstract: 922,030. Secret transmission. BUSH & RANK CINTEL Ltd. Nov. 16, 1961 [Nov. 17, 1960], No. 39473/60. Class 40 (4). In apparatus to enable a conventional television receiver to receive programmes transmitted by a system such as that described in Specification 842,101, i.e. in which the television sound signal is transmitted scrambled together with a control signal to control unscrambling means at the receiver, a switch 5 is provided which, in its position 7, inserts a filter 4 into the signal path to the receiver 1 to eliminate the scrambled sound signal from the receiver input. The sound signal is unscrambled by a device 8 and reproduced by a loud-speaker 9 external to the receiver. A unit 11 may be provided to operate switch 5 on the receipt of the appropriate control signal from the aerial 2 while a coin-freed mechanism 10 controls the operation of the unscrambling device and may provide an overriding control on switch 5.
Patent GB-1479777-A (GB)
Title: Method for controlling wound-in tension on a web winding machine
IPC: B65H18/26
Filed: 1974-09-11
Abstract: 1479777 Tensioning webs during winding BELOIT CORP 11 Sept 1974 [27 Sept 1973] 39686/74 Heading B8R In order to improve the accuracy of tension measurement and control during a web winding operation, a web 22 is fed around a first web roll support roller 12, the web roll 20 and a second web roll support roller 16, and is then engaged by a tension measuring roller 28 before finally being wound on to the roll 20. The speed differential between the rollers 12, 16, which are driven, and the loads applied by a roller 30, can be varied and are recorded, e.g. on punched or magnetic tape 53 together with web tension. Thus when optimum tension is achieved for a particular web during winding, the corrresponding speed differential and load are recorded and can be re-imposed in subsequent winding operations.
Patent GB-885715-A (GB)
Title: Photoconductive compositions and photographic elements
IPC: G03G5/06
Filed: 1957-12-23
Abstract: 885,715. Photoconductive materials. KODAK Ltd Dec. 23, 1957 [Dec. 26, 1956], No. 39802/57. Class 37. [Also in Group IV (a)] Photoconductive compositions, for use in electrophotography on a paper support, comprise zinc oxide, a high-dielectric insulating binder and a hemicyanine or styryl dye as sensitizer. Specified binders are silicones, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-alkyd and soya-alkyd resins, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate and mineral waxes. The zinc oxide can be dispersed in an organic solution of the binder and dye, and the dispersion then coated on the paper, or the latter can be coated with zinc oxide and binder and then immersed in a solution of the dye. Many suitable dyes are mentioned, those having carboxylic or sulphonic acid groups being preferred; when dyes without such groups are employed, it is desirable to heat the coating for a short time to increase the sensitizing effect. Specifications 385,320, 515,145, 533,425, 609,812, 609,814 and 885,717 are referred to.
Patent GB-909561-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to self-sealing couplings for fluid flow circuits
Inventor: CHUMBLEY LAURENCE CLIVE
IPC: F16L29/04
Filed: 1958-12-10
Abstract: 909,561. Pipe couplings. UNITED KING- DOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. Dec. 3, 1959 [Dec. 10, 1958], No. 39919/58. Class 99(1). In a self-sealing coupling comprising delivery and receiving parts A, B, and an annular valve 8 slidably mounted relative to the part A to seal an annular delivery orifice when the coupling is disconnected, the part A comprises a nozzle 3 having an outwardly directed end flange 6, means defining radial delivery openings 5 adjacent the flange, an annular valve seating 7 on the rear face of the flange for engagement with a forward end face of the valve, and a flexible bellows 10 connected between the valve and the nozzle rearwardly of the valve, the interior of the bellows being in pressure communication with the fluid pressure within the nozzle. As shown, the radial ports 5 are covered by the valve when the parts A, B are disconnected, and ports 13 which communicate with ports 14 in the skirt of the valve allow access of fluid pressure to the bellows 10. The part B has axially movable therein a piston valve 20 urged by a spring 24 on to a seat 27. When the nut 1 rotatable on the part A is screwed on to the part B, the seat 26 on the part B coacts with the sealing ring 9 of the valve 8 to unseat both valves 8, 20 against, respectively, the pressure of the bellows 10 and spring 24 to thereby allow the flow of fluid through the ports 13, 5 to grooves 21 in the valve 20 and to the passages 19. The pressure of the bellows may be supplemented by a spring.
Patent GB-1002983-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for two-way speech communication
IPC: A45C11/16
Filed: 1961-11-08
Abstract: 1,002,983. Loud-speaking telephone sets. H. PEIKER. Nov. 8, 1961 [Nov. 12, 1960], No. 39921/61. Heading H4J. A loud-speaking telephone instrument includes a loud-speaker and a unidirectional microphone coaxially mounted, the microphone being so disposed relatively to the loud-speaker that it presents an aspect of minimum response opposed to an aspect of the loud-speaker from which maximum sound radiation occurs. The microphone may have a kidney-shaped or clubshaped directional characteristic. A unidirectional microphone 1 (Fig. 3) is secured in front of a loud-speaker 6, the microphone 1 having its direction of minimum response towards the loud-speaker 6. The microphone 1 is carried by supports 12, 13 which enable it to be moved from the working position (as shown) to a position in which it is close up against the loud-speaker. Movement is effected by operation of a key 10 which also operates a switch 11 for the current supply to an associated amplifier (not shown). A sound screen 15 is attached to the microphone 1 or to the loud-speaker 6 or to the supports 12, 13. In an alternative arrangement (Fig. 4, not shown) the microphone is carried on a single lever and may be swung, by operation of a key, from a rest position close up against the front of the loud-speaker, or within the cavity of the loudspeaker cone, to a working position spaced further from the loud-speaker. A sound screen of conical form may be attached to a lever which swings simultaneously with the microphone lever.
Patent GB-1163762-A (GB)
Title: 01-Desoxyprostaglandin and Preparation Thereof
IPC: C07C405/00
Filed: 1966-09-07
Abstract: 1,163,762. Prostanoic acid derivatives. AYERST, McKENNA & HARRISON Ltd. 7 Sept., 1966 [8 Sept., 1965], No. 40063/66. Heading C2C. The novel 9#,15#-dihydroxy-prost-13-enoic acid is prepared by condensing an #-bromoheptanoic acid lower alkyl ester with an alkali metal salt of a lower alkyl ester of cyclopentanone-2-carboxylic acid, halogenating the resulting cyclopentanone-2,2-diester to give the corresponding 5-halo compound, dehydrohalogenating, hydrolysing and decarboxylating to give 2- (6 - carboxy - hexyl) - cyclopent - 2 - en - 1- one, introducing a cyano group into the 3- position of the cyclopentene ring with simultaneous conversion to the saturated cyclopentane, hydrolysing to the 3- carboxylic acid containing a 2-(6-carboxyhexyl) group, esterifying the 6-carboxyhexyl group to a 6-carbo (lower alkoxy) hexyl group, converting the 3-CO 2 H group to an acid halide, reacting with acetylene and an acid catalyst to obtain the corresponding halo-vinyl ketone, reacting this with a lower alkanol in the presence of a basic catalyst to convert the halo-vinyl group to the acetal of the corresponding aldehyde, reducing the 2 keto groups present to give the corresponding diol, treating with an aqueous mineral acid to hydrolyse the acetal group and effect side-chain dehydration to give the corresponding α,#-unsaturated aldehyde, reacting this with a pentyl magnesium halide and isolating from the reaction mixture a novel lower alkyl ester of 9#,15#-dihydroxy-prost-13- enoic acid, and subjecting this to alkaline hydrolysis. 9#,15#-Dihydroxy-prost-13-enoic acid and its methyl ester are stated to be hypotensive and anti-hypertensive agents, and they may be administered intravenously dispersed in a suitable vehicle. 2 - (6 - Carboxyhexyl) - 3 - carboxy-cyclopentan-1-one is stated to have antibacterial and trichomonicidal properties, and it may be formulated in aqueous vehicles or as lotions or creams.
Patent GB-960083-A (GB)
Title: A process for the production of 1,2-dichloroethane
IPC: C07C17/02
Filed: 1962-10-23
Abstract: A continuous process for the production of 1,2-dichloroethane comprises reacting ethylene with chlorine in liquid 1,2-dichloroethane under anhydrous conditions and in the presence of a chlorine-transfer agent at a temperature of from -20 DEG C. to +80 DEG C. in a main reactor in which is maintained a slight excess of chlorine, forming the reaction product through a secondary reactor containing liquid 1,2-dichloroethane and in which is maintained a large excess of ethylene at a superatmospheric pressure, feeding the unreacted ethylene from the secondary reactor to the main reactor, and continuosuly withdrawing 1,2-dichloroethane from the secondary reactor, ethylene and chlorine being consumed in equimolecular amounts during the reaction.  The chlorine-transfer agent is preferably ferric chloride.
Patent GB-905414-A (GB)
Title: Industrial safety belts
Inventor: SHAND THOMAS GEORGE
IPC: A62B35/00
Filed: 1958-12-15
Abstract: 905,414. Waist-belts; buckles. BARROW HEPBURN & GALE Ltd. Nov. 27, 1959 [Dec. 15, 1958], No. 40369/58. Classes 43 and 141. A waist-belt 1 has both ends threaded through a friction-type buckle 2 and provided with stop means to prevent the threaded ends being completely withdrawn through the buckle. The stop means may be formed by folding back the ends of the belt or may be transverse bars 4, as in Specification 905,415. The buckle comprises a rigid frame 3 in which are journalled two eccentrically-shaped gripping components which co-operate with the adjacent margins of the frame to grip the respective parts of the belt. The frictional grip can be relaxed by lifting the margins 3a of the buckle. The belt may comprise a closed ring or have a hook and eye fastening. The Provisional Specification discloses a buckle 11 having a medial transverse bar 12 and two sliding bars 13, 14 having forked ends engaging the sides of the frame, or trunnions engaging in channels in the frame. The ends of the belt are looped round the bars 13, 14 so that tension on the belt forces the bars apart to grip the threaded ends of the belt between the bars and the ends of the frame.
Patent GB-1133638-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric switches
IPC: H02H3/093
Filed: 1966-09-09
Abstract: 1,133,638. Thermal switches. DANFOSS A.S. 9 Sept., 1966 [5 Oct., 1965], No. 40408/66. Heading H1N. A normally-closed bimetal switch having its bimetal in series with the contacts is heated by current therethrough and is maintained open by a glow discharge. Heat for opening may also be provided by an auxiliary heater. Screens may be provided to prevent the deposition of metal vapour.
Patent GB-404909-A (GB)
Abstract: 404,909. Step-ladders. LYON, J., 38, Ochil Street, Glasgow. Feb. 15, 1933, No. 28171. Divided on 401,931. [Class 20 (ii).] The supporting legs 3 of a step ladder are pivotally mounted on brackets 10 each of which is secured to a treadsupporting side rail 1 and to the underside of the uppermost tread 2<1>, and the front and rear edges of this tread are embraced by the overturned ends of the brackets. Screws or rivets 11 secure the brackets to the side rails 1, and screws 12 or the like secure the overturned parts 101 to the tread 21.