Patent GB-189913358-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Carpets.
Inventor: PANITSCHEK HEINRICH
Filed: 1899-06-27
Granted: 1900-03-31
Abstract: 13,358. Panitschek, H., and Ahorn, J. June 27. Vertical looms for making knotted Persian carpets, in which the tufts are looped around the warp threads in the manner shown in Fig. B. The small pieces of thread for forming the tufts are previously arranged in order on bands 66, which pass from rollers 67 to a series of feeler levers 74, and, after passing around pulleys 73, are wound upon bobbins 80 driven by friction from an endless chain. The tuft threads are taken from the bands by feeding- tongs 30, Figs. 1 and 31, mounted upon curved arms 33 on a shaft 34 and opened against the action of a spring 31 by a tappet shaft 64. The tongs 30 are caused to swing about the shaft 34 by chain gearing 35, 36 from the shaft 37, and the tuft threads are thus brought into position to be taken and manipulated by knotting-tongs 1, Figs. 1, 31, and 40. These tongs consist of a cylinder 1 and a piston 2, each of which is formed with helical slots 3, 5, 7 and 4, 6, 8 respectively, to receive the pairs of warp threads 124. The part 1 has also oppositely arranged perforations 9, 10, through which the ends of the tuft threads protrude, as shown in Fig. 40. When the feeding-tongs retreat, the pistons 2 advance and b e n d the tuft threads backwards around the first warp threads 124, after which the knotting- tongs are turned through 180‹ by a rack 13 and pinions 12 to cross the ends of the tuft threads. The second warp threads then come into position, and the finished knots are pushed down against the fabric by the descent of the support 11 with the carriage 16, Lateral motion is imparted to the support 11, the feeding-tongs 30, and a rod 71 over which the bands 66 pass, by means of reversible ratchet gearing in connection with the vertical shaft 104. When a row of, say, eight tufts has been formed, the ratchet gearing is automatically reversed. Shedding-motions. - The warps are shed by healds 125 acting upon leashes which pass over bars 126 and are suspended at their ends by cords 127. The healds are operated by chains passing over wheels 129 and connected to levers 132, which are actuated by pawls 137 selected by a pattern chain. The warps are opened to different extents for knotting and the insertion of ground picks, and for this purpose two pairs of cams 140, 141 and 144, 145 respectively, are provided for actuating the levers 138 carrying the pawls 137. As the two warp threads of each pair are not raised simultaneously, there are really two separate dobbies, each of which has its own operating-cams, 140, 144 and 141, 145 respectively. Couplings 147, 148 and 154, 155 effect the requisite changes. Let-off motions.-The warps are let off beams 175, 176 by worm gearing 181, 183 and 182, 184 respectively, the worm-wheels 183, 184 being driven by couplings 190, 191 connected to the weighted tension-roller levers 194, 195. The pull on the warps passing over the rollers 177, 178 raises the couplings until they engage with the worm-wheels and cause them to let off more yarn. Temples. - The temple consists of a spiked roller 179, extending across the loom and mounted on oscillating arms 196. Shuttles.-The ground weft shuttle is made with one side vertical and the other inclined, both sides being provided with rollers to work in the race 202 in the batten 156. Picking-motions.-The picking-lever is released by means of a cord connecting its catch with one of the healds 125. The first ground pick is put in tight, and the second is slackened or made wavy by hand, so that the second warp threads may stand behind the others to make a firm knot. Selvages, forming.-The edge strips are produced by a small dobby 215, driven simultaneously with the ground shed dobby, and the weft is inserted by a shuttle carried in a movable shoe, which is operated by special mechanism from the shaft 37.