Patent GB-1163960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Vehicle Hydropneumatic Suspension Systems
IPC: F16F9/096
Filed: 1966-12-16
Abstract: 1,163,960. Hydropneumatic self-levelling suspension system. FICHTEL & SACHS A.G. 16 Dec., 1966 [17 Dec., 1965], No. 56441/66. Heading F2S. A hydropneumatic resilient suspension system with automatic level regulation and oscillation damping, particularly for motor vehicles, comprises a resilient suspension element 1-3, arranged between the vehicle parts to be resiliently suspended in respect of one another, having a cylinder 1 and a piston 3 fastened to a piston rod 2 and sliding in the cylinder 1, a pressure reservoir 6, a resiliency chamber 4 communicating with the cylinder 1, a connection which can be made between the resiliency chamber 4 and the reservoir 6 depending on the position of the piston 3 in the cylinder, which connection is made when the piston 3 has travelled into the cylinder 1 to a predetermined depth, and a regulating pump 10, 16 becoming operative in dependence on the position of the piston in the cylinder, which pump is driven by the relative oscillations between the piston and the cylinder and pumps from the resiliency chamber 4 into the reservoir 6 and is operative when a predetermined travel-out position of the piston in the cylinder is reached, and is characterized by the combination of the following features: the reservoir 6 is a container separated from the resilient suspension element 1-3 and is connected to the element via a pipe 7; the resiliency chamber 4 is arranged outside the resilient element 1-3 and is connected to this via a pipe 5; the regulating pump 10-16 is arranged inside the resilient element; the connection between the resiliency chamber 4 and the reservoir 6 comprises a control device accommodated inside the resilient element 1-3; and the piston 3, connected to the piston rod 2, is formed as a damping piston for oscillation damping in the directions of tensile and compressive stresses. As shown when the valved damper piston 3 with the hollow rod 2 descends in the cylinder 1 below its mean position, due e.g. to a heavy load, two valves 13, 14, arranged in succession in the pump piston 11 which has a rod 10 connected to the rod 2 and which works in the pump cylinder 16 fixed to the bottom of the cylinder 1, are opened by a spring-loaded stop 19 so that hydraulic liquid can flow from the high-pressure accumulator 6 through the pipe 7, the hollow pump rod 8, the valves 13, 14, a port 15 in the base of the pump cylinder 16 and into the working space 18 of the cylinder 1. Because the working chamber 18 communicates through the hollow rod 2 and the pipe 5 with the gas suspension spring 4 the gas filling in this spring is compressed the higher pressure causing the piston 3 to move out of the cylinder until the mean position is reached and the valves 13, 14 close. When, due to relieving a load, the piston 3 rises above its mean position, upward movement of the pumping piston 11 within its cylinder 16 causes liquid to be pumped from the annular space between the rod 10 and the cylinder 16 through a duct 12 in the pumping piston 11, past the valve 14 into the hollow pump rod 8, and then into the reservoir 6, the valve 13 being closed. During downward movement of the pumping piston 11 liquid is sucked through the valve 13 and duct 12 and into the annular space between the rod 10 and the cylinder 16. In this way the piston 3 is very quickly pumped back into its mean position. It can be arranged for only the valve 13 to open in the mean position so that, at this point, no pumping takes place. If the valves 13, 14 are arranged to act simultaneously there is a continuous trim at the mean position. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), in which the pump cylinder (21) is connected to the piston rod (2) and the pump piston (22) is connected to the base of the cylinder (1), when the damping piston (3) dips below its mean position a valve (17) is opened by a stop (24) on a spring 8 which is compressed as the pump piston (22) rises in its cylinder (11) so that pressure liquid can flow from the reservoir into the working space (18) by way of a longitudinal groove (23) in the wall of the piston (22). Extension of the device beyond the mean position causes liquid to be pumped from the working space into the reservoir.