Patent GB-1031913-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions and additives therefor
IPC: C08F8/32
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: Non - ash forming oil - soluble heterocyclic nitrogen-containing detergent polymers (1) can be rendered sludge- and wear-resistant and their stability improved by adding to lubricating oils containing such polymers a small proportion of (2) an oil-soluble salt of an amino-imide of a mono polymeric hydro-carbyl substituted succinic anhydride and an acid aryl phosphate or its thio derivative and optionally, (3) an oil-soluble high sulphurized hydrocarbon.  The polymers (1) are (A) copolymers of long-chain alkyl acrylates and vinyl pyridine, or (B) copolymers of long-chain alkyl acrylates and vinyl pyrrolidone.  The long-chain alkyl acrylates are preferably C12- 18 alkyl methacrylates.  Additive (2) may be prepared by reacting a polyolefine with maleic anhydride to produce a substituted succinic anhydride which is then reacted with a polyamine, and the product then reacted with an acid aryl phosphate or its thio derivative.  Additive (3) preferably has a sulphur content of at least 20% and the hydrocarbons include olefinic hydrocarbons such as polyolefines, long chain olefines obtained by dehalogenating chlorinated paraffin wax, terpene hydrocarbons and pine terpenes and mixtures thereof.  Phenolic antioxidants, arylamines, antiscuffing agents such as organic phosphites, phosphates, phosphonates and their thioderivatives, P2S5-terpene reaction products and alkali metal salts thereof may be added to the lubricating oils.  The base lubricating oils may be natural or synthetic material, e.g. the base may be a hydrocarbon oil of viscosity 100 SUS at 100 DEG  F. to 150 SUS at 210 DEG  F.  The hydrocarbon oils may be blended with synthetic lubricants such as polymerized olefines, organic esters of polybasic organic and inorganic acids, and polyalkyl silicone polymers.  If desired, the synthetic lubricants may be used alone. Preferred mineral lubricating oils are obtained from West Texas Ellenburger crudes, East Texas crudes, Oklahoma crudes and California crudes.  In the examples, the following lubricating oil compositions are formed:  (1) copolymer of lauryl methacrylate/stearyl methacrylate/2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine, the dicresyl phosphate salt of the polymeric amino-imide formed by reacting polybutene with maleic anhydride and then with tetraethylene pentamine and mineral lubricating oil of SAE 5W-20; (2) copolymer of lauryl methacrylate/stearyl methacrylate - /methyl methacrylate / 2 - methyl-5-vinyl pyridine, salt as in (1) except that polyisobutylene and diethylaminopropylamine are used, mineral lubricating oil as in (1); (3) copolymer, salt and lubricating oil as in (2) plus tricresyl phosphate, sulphurized terpene and 1,1 - bis - (3,5 - ditert - butyl - 4 - hydroxy-phenyl) methane; (4) copolymer as in (2), salt obtained by reacting polybutenyl succinic anhydride with dimethylaminopropylamine and then with monocresyl phosphate, the methane derivative as in (3) and mineral lubricating oil of SAE 10W-30; and (5) copolymer of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and lauryl methacrylate, salt obtained by reacting polyethylene/isobutylene succinic anhydride with dimethylaminopropylamine and methyl cresyl phosphate, sulphurized polyisobutylene and mineral lubricating oil of SAE 10W.ALSO:An oil-soluble salt of an amino-imide of a mono polymeric hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride and an aryl acid phosphate or its thio derivative may be prepared by reacting a monopolyolefinic succinic anhydride with a polyamine at a temperature preferably from 300 DEG  to 450 DEG  F. and then reacting the product with an acid aryl phosphate preferably of formula <FORM:1031913/C3/1> or its thio derivative, where Ar is a mono- or polynuclear aromatic group which may have at least one alkyl radical attached thereto and R1 is hydrogen or the same as Ar.  The monopolyolefinic succinic anhydride may be obtained by reacting a polyolefine with maleic anhydride and the preferred polyamines are the ethylene amines.  The preferred phosphates are the mono acid aryl phosphates and the diacid aryl phosphates and mixtures thereof.