baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1490641-A (GB)
Title: Heat exchangers for use under conditions of high thermal and mechanical loading
IPC: F28F13/18
Filed: 1975-03-27
Abstract: 1490641 Rocket combustion chambers MESSERSCHMITT-BOLKOW-BLOHM GmbH 27 March 1975 [19 April 1974] 13051/75 Headings F1J and F1L A regeneratively cooled rocket combustion chamber and thrust nozzle comprises inner and outer walls 1, 5 formed by an electro-plating process and defining cooling passages 2 therebetween, the inner wall at least being of dispersion-hardened metal, e.g. copper. The dispersoids used are specified. The walls of the coolant channels are coated with steel or aluminium or with a precious metal, e.g. gold. An intermediate layer 4 of gold or aluminium is galvanically deposited.
Patent GB-457257-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to resistance welding machines
IPC: B23K11/24
Filed: 1936-05-08
Abstract: 457,257. Supply systems for resistance welding ; transformer arrangements. ALLGEMEINE ELEKTRICITATS GES., 2, Friedrich Karl-Ufer, Berlin. May 8, 1936, No. 13111. Convention date, May 16, 1935. [Class 38 (iv)] In a resistance welding arrangement the large inductive drop in the loop formed by the arms is compensated for by connecting a second transformer 3 in series with the supply from the main transformer 1, 2, its secondary 4 being capacitatively loaded. In this way possibility of arcing due to high voltage is prevented.
Patent GB-580279-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric switches
IPC: H01H50/30
Filed: 1944-07-10
Abstract: 580,279. Electromagnetic switches. IGRANIC ELECTRIC CO., Ltd. July 10, 1944, No. 13131. Convention date, July 8, 1943. [Class 38 (v)] A switch to meet shock test has, in combination, axially-aligned magnetic plungers 6, 7 which are biassed apart by springs 10, 11 and adapted to be drawn together electromagnetically, two pairs of coacting contacts 1, 2 wholly supported by said plungers, and means interconnecting said plungers so that they can only move inwards or outwards simultaneously. The plungers have reduced outer ends attached to contact-carrying assemblies which comprise plates 28, 29 and an insulating block 8 or 9. Each plate 28 has a lug 41 which engages with bars 38, 39 which are attached crankwise, by pins to a rotatable disc 35 mounted in the cover 50 of the switch, thereby providing the interconnecting means between the plungers. The blocks 8, 9 carry at each end contacts 1, 2 mounted on spring-biassed rocking members. Two blow-out windings 75, in series with breaks 1, and 2, are mounted below the breaks. An auxiliary switch, consisting of fixed contact clips 94, 95 and a movable contact 96, is mounted on an insulating block 93 beneath the main switch. The moving contact 96 is operated by a sliding bar 98 connected to one of the main contact-carrying assemblies.
Patent GB-1409944-A (GB)
Title: Cultivation of microorganisms
IPC: C12P19/02
Filed: 1973-03-19
Abstract: 1409944 Aerating liquids TANABE SEIYAKU CO Ltd 19 March 1973 [23 March 1972] 13149/73 Heading BIC [Also in Divisions C2 and C6] The aerobic cultivation of an aerobic microorganism is carried out in an aqueous nutrient medium in the presence of a fluorocarbon having from I to 20 carbon atoms in the molecule. The fluorocarbon is employed in an amount of from 5 to 80 volumes per 100 volumes of the aqueous medium. Fluorocarbons: perfluoro-tributylamine, perfluoro-2-butylfuran, perfluoro-n-heptane, perfluoro-naphthalene, perfluoro-1-methylnaphthalene, perfluoro-N-methyl-morpholine, 1, 2, 2, 2- tetrafluoroethyl ether of perfluoro (2, 5, 8-trimethyl-3, 6, 9-trioxa-1-dodecanol) or perfluoro- 1-methyl decaline. Aeration may be accomplished by forced aeration, agitation or shaking of the culture medium, or by withdrawing part of the organic liquid temporarily for oxygenation. The organic liquid may be recovered from the fermented aqueous nutrient medium by gravitational separation. The following are disclosed in the Examples (1 and 2) biochemical oxidation of sorbitol to sorbose through aerobic cultivation of Acetobacter suboxidans (B) propagation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevizial (4) conversion of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone using Acetobacter suboxydans (5) production of the antibiotic designated YA-56 using Streptomyces humidas and (6) production of neomycin using Streptomyces fradiae. The organic liquid was perfluorotributylamine in each case.
Patent GB-1045523-A (GB)
Title: Yarn winding control apparatus
IPC: B65H54/38
Filed: 1964-03-31
Abstract: 1,045,523. Winding yarns. MONSANTO Co. March 31, 1964 [April 15, 1963], No. 13180/64. Heading D1J. A take up bobbin is rotated such that the yarn is wound at constant take up speed but the speed of the traversal cycle is regulated such that it is at a constant average initial repetition rate less than the initial revolution rate of the bobbin for a period of time until the bobbin revolution rate decreases to near said initial average traversal repetition rate, and that the traversal repetition rate is thereafter continually decreased such that it remains lower than the decreasing revolution rate. In the particular embodiment described the yarn package is driven by a drum 28, Fig 1 (not shown) powered by a constant speed motor and the traverse roll 30 is driven by a constant speed motor 32 through a variable speed coupling clutch 34. The speed of the traverse roll 30 is controlled by a circuit 36 that allows the initial speed to remain substantially constant for a predetermined period as indicated by the broken line 42 in Fig. 3, this initial speed being such that the traversal repetition rate is slightly greater than that required to complete a traversal cycle in two bobbin revolutions. Said predetermined period continues until the bobbin rate of rotation has slowed sufficiently to cause a traversal cycle to be made in slightly less than one complete bobbin revolution and thereafter the speed of traversal is reduced (see right-hand portion of curve 42) such that a traversal always occurs in less than one bobbin revolution. The curve 40 is a graph of bobbin r.p.m. as a function of time and the curve 42 is a graph of the traversing rate as a function of time. The control circuit 36 includes means whereby the traversing rate has improved thereon a continual short term variation about the average rate 42 such that the resulting traversal rate is as illustrated by the solid line 44. The slope of the curve 42 is such that primary and secondary ribboning is avoided and the deleterious effects of intermediate tertiary ribboning is avoided by the short term variations in traverse as illustrated by the curve 44.
Patent GB-132590-A (GB)
IPC: B61G1/04
Abstract: 132,590. Tregaskes, S. T. Sept. 11, 1918. Couplings, automatic.-Relates to couplings of the link-and-hook type in which the link 5 is carried by a rotatable transverse shaft 2 provided at its end or ends with operating-handles 7 for uncoupling purposes. According to the invention, the coupling-link 6 has a spring connexion with the vehicle and has an inclined upper surface 10 leading to an aperture 9 formed in the end of the vehicle to receive the end of the coupling-link on yielding of the buffers, and the bearings 3 for the shaft 2 are connected with the spring 12 provided in connexion with the coupling-hook. The link 5 is formed integral with the shaft 2 and handles 7 by bending a metal rod, and the upward movement of the handles is limited by stops 8 on the sides of the vehicle. The shaft 2 is supported in fixed outer bearings 4 and in inner bearings 3, which are connected by rods 13 and a transverse plate 11 to the rear end of the coupling-hook 6, around which the spring 12 is located. At its end, the coupling- link may be hinged or jointed in a known manner to give greater flexibility to the coupling. Specification 132,032, [Class 103 (iv), Railway &c. vehicles, Body details &c. of], is referred to.
Patent GB-134664-A (GB)
IPC: B31B50/59
Abstract: 134,664. Cheney, C. W. Dec. 3, 1918. Cupping and shaping.-In the operation of shaping cupped articles from cardboard and the like, by heated dies in which the shaped article is dried or partly dried under pressure, as described in Specification 104,837, the cavity of the die is vented immediately after the final pressure by lifting the plunger or inner die together with the article and then drying in situ. This liberates vapour and prevents blistering of the article. As shown, the heated and moistened blank is laid over the cavity c<2>, a<2> in the die a, c and is pressed into the die and formed as shown at e by the plunger d, the edge of the article being squared by the sleeve y which descends with the plunger. The outer die is in two parts a, c so that when the plunger d is lifted slightly the article c1 and the ring c are lifted with it, venting the cavity as. shown at g. The die is heated in known manner. After the article is sufficiently dried, the plunger is lifted from the cavity and the article is pushed off it by a downward movement of the sleeve y.
Patent GB-134697-A (GB)
IPC: A61B1/307
Abstract: 134,697. Montague, J. H., and Newman, A.S. Jan. 8, 1919. Appliances for illuminating cavities.-In urethroscopes having light reflected from a mirror down the cannula, the optical part is detachable from the main socket at one end, and the cannula connexion with the compressed-air chamber at the other. A probe or other instrument is operable by a trigger below the compressed air chamber, provision being made to maintain an airtight connexion. The lamp is capable of adjustment to get the best illumination. The main socket is seen at a, the optical part at b with mirror b<1> and the compressed-air chamber at c on to which the cap k<1> of the cannula k is secured by a bayonetjoint. The cap k<1> is in the form of a gland nut keeping the cannula head against the chamber c and allowing the cannula to be rotated if desired. The lamp-holder g is adjustable longitudinally in the casing e, and its position laterally in this casing is determined by a pair of set-screws g<1> in a ring e<3>. These work in conjunction with springs so as to adjust the focus of the lamp with reference to the bull's eye g<5>, a third set-screw fixing the lamp when adjustment has been completed. The probs h, Figs. 9 and 10, is bent, as shown, and is guided in the cannula by a fine helical wire h<3>. Its end may be replaced by, or may carry, a lancet, curette, &c. The rear end of the probe is set eccentrically into a head h<1> which fits a sleeve which slides and rotates in the chamber c. It is operable by the trigger i which has an elongated extension, as shown in Fig. 6. A spherical collar i<1> fits in a socket in the branch c' of the sleeve c, a rubber sleeve m making an airtight connexion. The spring j keeps the trigger normally in its inoperable position, and an adjustable stop l limits its motion.
Patent GB-150077-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in reinforced concrete vessels
IPC: B63B5/18
Filed: 1919-05-28
Abstract: 150,077. Ozzola, G. May 28, 1919. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Concrete vessels.- The walls are built up of rows of hollow or solid precast blocks 8, 9, positioned by T- irons 16 extending upwards from the keel and taking into recesses 17 provided in the blocks. The walls are enclosed inside and outside by wire netting or expanded-metal sheets, which are held together by wires passing through transverse recesses in the blocks. A cement facing is subsequently applied to the inner and outer surface. The longitudinal and transverse beams 6, 5 are secured within stringers 13 interposed between the rows of blocks and secured by anchorings and exterior metal plates.
Patent GB-135067-A (GB)
IPC: B23B33/00
Abstract: 135,067. Barnes, J. W. Feb. 11, 1919. Lathe carriers have the head of the set-screw formed to engage the driver pin, and are provided with a shield to prevent injury to the turner. The head 4 of the screw is cylindrical, provided with tommy holes, and engages a groove in an abutting face 8 parallel to the screw axis and led by a curve 5 into the body of the dog. The part 5 may be formed as a rib extended as shown in dotted lines to balance the carrier.
Patent GB-558838-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in multi-cylinder, four-stroke, internal-combustion engines
IPC: F16C3/20
Filed: 1942-09-26
Abstract: 558,838. Multi-cylinder I.C. engines. LEETE, J. F. Sept. 26, 1942, No. 13554. [Class 7 (ii)] A four-stroke engine having four (or more) cylinders and poppet valves has a crankshaft with two throws arranged at 180 degrees the first pair of connecting-rods being on one common crank pin 14, Fig. 2, and the second pair on the other crankpin, the crankshaft being counter-weighted so that each throw is balanced as regards the associated connecting-rods and pistons. The main counter-weight 17 is preferably provided midway along each crankpin and is bolted to a platform 18 on the crankpin. The crankshaft itself preferably has throws such that it may be balanced in a dynamic balancer and the weight 17 together with further weights 20 on the crank webs added to balance the rods and pistons. The valve timing of the engine may be arranged to give increased valve overlap since there is no interference between the inlet periods of cylinders 1 and 2 or cylinders 3 and 4 as there is with the usual crankshaft layout particularly where the cylinders of each pair share a siamese inlet port. The invention may also be applied to six cylinder engines with three crankpins at 120 degrees each carrying two connecting rods. For an eight-cylinder engine four crank pins are used and these may either be at 90 degrees from one another or aligned in pairs. Specification 166,329, [Class 7 (ii)], is referred to .
Patent GB-135695-A (GB)
IPC: F02N15/04
Abstract: 135,695. Lucas, H., Breeden, C. L., and Ireland, H. W. F. Jan. 23, 1919. Turning-gear. - In an electric starter in which a spring-controlled arm d carries a pinion e meshing with a motor-driven pinion a, the pinion e is swung into mesh with an engine wheel f by electro-magnetic means on the arm d for resisting rotation of one of the pinions. In the form shown, an electro-magnetic brake disk carried by the arm d acts on the face of the pinion e or upon a disk on the end of the motor shaft. The circuit arrangements are indicated in Fig. 5. The closing of a push-button switch o causes a main switch n to be closed, when a battery q supplies current to the motor c and the solenoid g of the electromagnetic brake. The pinion e swings into mesh with the wheel f, and a lug p on the arm d closes the switch k, cutting out the solenoid g. The switch k is then held closed by the coil l, and, when the engine starts, the arm d is swung away by a spring (not shown). In a modification, Fig. 6, a single coil l in circuit with a pushbutton controls both switches k, n, and the stem of the switch k carries a stepped armature s. In the initial position, the upper part of the armature closes a gap in an iron casing r and is not moved when the coil l is energized to close the main switch n. When the switch k is closed bv the lug p, the lower part of the armature s is in contact with the face of the casing r and is held by the coil l.
Patent GB-150777-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to gas controlling apparatus
IPC: F23D14/48
Filed: 1919-05-29
Abstract: 150,777. Anderson, J. May 29, 1919. Valves controlled from a distance.-A gas controller actuated by waves of pressure in the main acting on a bell has the main valve and the pilot valve or valve - operating member mounted on a lever pivoted at one end and adapted to work in conjunction with a phase-wheel rotated by the bell. The actuating-bell c has a stem k to receive loading-weights, and is guided by a spindle j working through an aperture in a baseplate h and one in a bridge i carried by pillars g on the plate h. The bell carries a loop l adapted to actuate a ratchet-wheel m mounted on brackets o on the pillars and provided with pins n<1> arranged to engage a lever p. The lever p carries at one end a conical valve d guided by a stem e and at the other is provided with an arm r adapted to actuate . a loose-ball pilot valve. In a modification, the conical valve is replaced by a mercury seal valve comprising a cylindrical member 1 guided by a fluted stem 2 to slide over a tube f and dip into mercury contained in a well 3 supplied with mercury through a port 4 from the main seal.
Patent GB-201296-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to heat engines
IPC: F22B3/04
Filed: 1922-05-15
Abstract: 201,296. Benson, M. May 15, 1922. Vapour engines working on special cycles. -In steam or vapour engines working on a closed cycle, heat is communicated to the medium while maintained at a pressure at or above its critical pressure. The medium, which may consist of two or more fluids, may be superheated, and also reheated between the stages of the prime mover. The cycle is carried out in the plant described in Specification 201,304. In the entropy diagram shown in the Figure, in which the diagram A, F, H, L, M, A represents the cycle of a normal superheated steam plant working between temperatures T<2>, T<1>, AFB represents the heating of the medium up to its critical temperature T<3>. The medium may then be superheated at constant pressure to a temperature T<4> as represented by BD, at constant temperature by expansion and heating, as represented by BL or by a combination of these processes as represented by BE. Adiabatic expansion may take place as represented by DG, LM, or EM, to a temperature T<1>, at which condensation takes place. If two or more fluids are employed, the fluids may be heated and superheated in the same or separate generators expansion taking place in the same or in separate prime movers. Where heating takes place in the same generator the pressure exceeds the critical pressure of the fluid for which the critical pressure has the highest value and the final temperature the critical temperature of the fluid for which such has the highest value. Mercury or carbondionida may be employed as the working medium. A pressure storage device is provided on the generator to prevent a sudden demand from causing the pressure to fall below the critical pressure of the fluid.
Patent GB-801390-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of sterols
Inventor: GREEN JOSEPH
IPC: C12N1/00
Filed: 1955-05-12
Abstract: In a process for the production of ergosterol from yeast, the yeast is subjected to the action of aqueous ammonia or an organic water-soluble amino compound which is a base having a dissociation constant between 1 X 10-6 and 1 X 10-2 to liberate the bound ergosterol.  As water-soluble amino compound there may be used a compound of the formula <FORM:0801390/IV (b)/1> where R1, R2 and R3 are the same or different and are hydrogen atoms, alkyl radicals, substituted alkyl radicals or cycloalkyl radicals, e.g. methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, triethanolamine, cyclohexylamine, or benzylamine, or a cyclic nitrogen compound, e.g. piperidine or morpholine, or a quaternary base, e.g. choline.  Either prior to or subsequent to this treatment the yeast is extracted with an alcohol containing less than four carbon atoms in the molecule in order to remove gummy and proteinaceous matter.  Examples describe the use of cyclohexylamine, aqueous ammonia, diethylamine, piperidine and benzylamine. Specifications 292,133 and 322,465, [both in Class 2 (iii), are referred to.ALSO:A yeast feed supplement comprises the residue obtained on subjecting yeast to the action of aqueous ammonia or an organic water-soluble amino compound which is a base having a dissociation constant between 1X10-6 and 1X10-2, e.g., methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, cyclohexylamine, piperidine, benzylamine morpholine, triethanolamine or choline, to extract the engosterol, and treating with a lower alphatic alcohol.  The yeast may be treated with the alcohol before the treatment with the water-soluble amino compound. In an example, compressed yeast is treated with cyclohexylamine to produce an animal feeding stuff having a protein content of 47 per cent.  Specifications 292,133 and 322,465 [both in Class 2(iii)] are referred to.
Patent GB-378451-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to photo-electric devices
IPC: H01J40/16
Filed: 1931-05-09
Abstract: 378,451. Light-sensitive cells. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP PHILIPS' GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN, 13D, Emmasingel, Eindhoven, Holland. May 9, 1931, No. 13817. Convention date, May 10, 1930. [Class 40 (iii).] One electrode consists, at least in part, of a photo-electric substance separated by a layer of less thickness than one millimeter, containing one or more solid insulating substances from the other electrode, both electrodes and the separating layer being supported on one another. The cell will operate without the application of a potential between the electrodes. The photoelectric substance may be caesium, barium, or other alkali or alkaline-earth metals. The separating layer may be the oxide or other compound of one of the electrodes and the photo-electric substance is preferably very thin and adsorbed in the separating layer. The resistance of the insulating layer may be reduced by incorporating with it particles of conducting material such as tungsten or the photo-electric substance. In the cell shown, one electrode 3 consists of a plate of zirconium the surface of which is oxidized to form a thin insulating layer 6. The cell is evacuated and caesium is admitted, for example from a mixture of caesium. chromate and a reducing agent such as zirconium, the metal being deposited as a layer 9 on the insulating layer 6. The filling may be an inert gas or vapour. It is stated that the polarity of the difference of potential set up, depends on the portion of the electrode 9 which is illuminated. Illumination of the upper part of the electrode 9 causes that electrode to become the negative pole, but illumination of the lower part around the junction with the lead 10, where the layer of insulating oxide is thicker, causes the electrode 9 to become the positive pole. In another arrangement the electrode 3 is of nickel, the insulating layer consists of barium oxide, and the photo-electric substance of barium. The insulating layer may also consist of calcium fluoride in which caesium is adsorbed as the photo-electric electrode. A substance such as caesium oxide, which adsorbs the photo-electric substance, may be mixed with or coated on zirconium oxide or other insulating layer.
Patent GB-742325-A (GB)
Title: Improved bodies containing boron nitride
IPC: C04B35/583
Filed: 1953-05-18
Abstract: A refractory body containing boron nitride and silicon carbide has a part at least of the silicon carbide as an interstitial bonding matrix in cubic crystals.  Free carbon may also be present and arises when a moulded body of boron nitride and silicon is heated throughout in a carbonaceous atmosphere, whereas when the body is initially heated in an inert atmosphere e.g. helium or hydrogen, held at firing temperature in a carbonaceous atmosphere, then cooled in inert atmosphere, the body does not contain face carbon.  The carbonaceous atmosphere can be methane, carbon monoxide, or it can be attained by embedding a body of boron nitride and silicon in carbon and passing air, oxygen or carbon dioxide through the mass.  Silicon carbide can be used as a filler, and in shaping the bodies temporary binders are used.  The bodies may be prefired in ammonia, and can be made more porous by the addition, before shaping, of carbon or a volatilizable material, e.g. naphthalene.  The bodies may be granulated to form a loose packing insulating material, and also as abrasives. Specification 742,326, [Group III], is referred to.