Patent GB-453116-A (GB)
Title: Improved process and apparatus for the manufacture of fuel briquettes
IPC: C10L5/02
Filed: 1934-12-01
Abstract: 453,116. Making fuel briquettes. MORY, B., 55, Jozsef K÷rut, Budapest. Dec. 1, 1934, No. 25237. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, March 4, 1935.] [Class 50] [See also Group V] In moulding fuel briquettes from carboniforous material such as peat or anthracite, wherein the material is bonded by pressure and heat, the material is fed through a chamber A, B, C, in portions separated by pressure members 6 and the portions are first heated to a temperature within the tar formation range for the material treated, then cooled to below that temperature and are subjected to pressure applied by mechanism externally of the chamber and maintained throughout the heating and cooling. The material is fed to a heater 2 where it is pre-heated to a temperature normally not greater than the lower limit for tar formation. The temperature may be between 250 and 400‹ C. Fuels such as peat, lignite or wood chips are pre-heated for a short time. Such fuels are cooled down after the pre-heating treatment to interrupt any exothermic reaction. The fuel is fed from the heater 2 to a chamber 4 from which it is pushed by a piston 5 against a pressure member 6 and into the chamber A, B, C. The pressure members 6 are fed by a conveyer 17 along a duct 16, which may be heated, and fall down a duct 18 to the feeding position. Pressure members and fuel are alternately fed into the chamber to form a column 10. A butt-support 7 engages one end of the column and opens against springs 71 to permit entry. Pressure is maintained at the other end of the column by an external brake mechanism 9 which holds the column against the butt-support 7 and is connected thereto by rods. In use, as each fresh charge is fed on by the piston 4, the mechanism 9 releases a moulded briquette at the other end, but also engages an adjacent briquette or pressure member so as continuously to maintain the pressure. The portion A, B of the chamber is heated as by a burner 11 and the portion B, C is cooled. Distillation gases may be drawn off through a valve 12. The moulded briquettes are separated from the pressure members by a device 13, 15, the briquettes falling down a guide 15<1> and the pressure members being fed by an elevator 14 to the duct 16 and conveyer 17. The pressure members, Fig. 2, may have two concave surfaces A1, A2, each adapted to co-operate with the concave surface of an adjacent pressure member. Adjacent members may be joined by separate cylindrical parts or by interfitting cylindrical ends D, G. Ribs E are provided for engagement by the buttsupport 7 and the brake mechanism 9. Each member may have an opening F to facilitate the removal of briquettes. A number of cavities A1, A2, may be formed in one block. Several forms of brake mechanism are described. In these the ribs E are engaged by sliding wedges or by stops or projections on wheels, chains or cylinders. In all cases, as the most advanced pressure member is released by one stop or projection or by part of a wedge, the adjacent pressure member is engaged by another stop or projection or by a further part of the wedge. The mechanisms may be driven by hydraulic or pneumatic pistons. In one form the pressure members are engaged by grippers on bridges connecting respectively a pair of pistons and a pair of movable cylinders, the pistons connecting the movable cylinders with stationary cylinders. The arrangement is such that the pistons and movable cylinders alternately operate their respective grippers. Brake mechanisms may be provided at both ends of the column and between them there may be inserted a work recuperator in the form of a differential connection of a mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic type. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also a form of brake mechanism wherein pawls engaging the ribs E and connected to a pair of hydraulic cylinders operate alternatively with similar pawls connected to a second pair of cylinders. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.