Patent GB-884864-A (GB)
Title: A process for improving the flame resistance of plastic materials
IPC: C07F9/40
Filed: 1959-10-02
Abstract: Plastic materials are made flame-resistant by incorporating in them a phosphonic acid ester of formula <FORM:0884864/IV (a)/1> wherein R in an alkylene or a chlorinated alkylene radical, R1 is an alkylene, chlorinated alkylene or arylene radical, X is a halogen atom, X1 is a halogen atom or hydrogen atom and n is a whole number.  The plastic material may be a polyurethane (obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyester, a polyesteramide or a polyalkylene ether), a polyamide, a polyester, a polycarbonate, a phenol-, urea- or melamine-formaldehyde resin, an epoxy resin, a polymer or copolymer of vinylidene chloride, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, copolymers of unsaturated polyesters, polymers and copolymers of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, polystyrene, styrene/butadiene copolymer, chloroprene latex or natural rubber latex.  In Examples, (1) Reinforced glass fibre elements are produced using an unsaturated polyester mixture comprising the polyester from tetrachlorophthalic acid, fumaric acid and 1:3 butanediol, styrene, polyphosphonate and benzoyl peroxide; (2) A polyurethane foam is produced from a mixture comprising the polyester of adipic acid, phthalic anhydride, trimethylol propane and oleic acid, a polyphosphonate, dimethyl benzylamine, an aqueous solution of the sodium salt of castor oil sulphate, toluylene diisocyanate and a trimer prepared from 2:4-toluylene diisocyanate and diphepared from 2:4-toluylene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane-4:41-diisocyanate; (3) As in (2) but using as the polyester component a mixture of the polyester of adipic acid, phthalic anhydride and hexane triol and the polyester of adipic acid, hexanetriol and 1:3-butylene glycol; (4) A polyurethane lacquer is produced from a mixture of the polyether of thiodiglycol, 2:2-bis-(4-hydroxy-3:5-dichlorophenyl) propane and trimethylol propane, the adduct of toluylene diisocyanate and trimethyol propane in aceto acetic acid ester and polyphosphonate.  The above polyphosphonates are made by heating at 180-300 DEG  C. a phosphite of formula: <FORM:0884864/IV (a)/2> where R, R1, X and X1 are as defined above.ALSO:Organic phosphorus compounds of formula <FORM:0884864/IV (b)/1> where R is an alkylene or chlorinated alkylene radical, R1 is an alkylene, chlorinated alkylene or arylene radical, X is a halogen atom, X1 is a halogen or hydrogen atom and n is 1 or more, preferably 2-10, are made by heating at 180 DEG C.-300 DEG C. a halogenated phosphite of formula <FORM:0884864/IV (b)/2> Specified phosphites are tri-(b -chloroethyl) phosphite, tri-(g -chloropropyl) phosphite, bis-(r -chloroethyl)-p-chlorophenyl phosphite, tri-(o -chlorolauryl) phosphite, tri-(b -bromoethyl) phosphite, bis-(b -chloroethyl) phenyl phosphite, tri-(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphite and a compound of formula <FORM:0884864/IV (b)/3> The compounds are used as flame-retarding agents for plastics (see Group IV(a)).ALSO:Polyurethane foams are made flame-resistant by incorporating in the foam-producing mixture a phosphoric and ester of formula <FORM:0884864/V/1> wherein R is an alkylene or a chlorinated alkylene radical, R1 is an alkylene, chlorinated alkylene or arylene radical, X is a halogen atom, X1 is a halogen or hydrogen atom and n is a whole number.  In examples the foamable mixture comprises (2) The polyester of adipic acid, phthalic anhydride, trimethylol propane and aleic acid, a phosphoric acid ester, dimethyl henzylamine, an aqueous solution of the sodium salt of castor oil sulphate, toluylene diisocyanate and a trimmer prepared from 2 : 4-toluylene diisocyanate and diphenyl methane-4 : 41-disocyanate; (3) As in (2) but using as the polyester component a mixture of the polyester of adipic acid, phthalic anhydride and hexanetriol and the polyester of adipic acid, hexanetriol and 1 : 3-butylene glycol.