Patent GB-1079408-A (GB)
Title: Radio navigation system
Inventor: EARP CHARLES WILLIAM
IPC: G01S5/00
Filed: 1963-12-24
Abstract: 1,079,408. Radio navigation; suppressed carrier reception. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Dec. 18, 1964 [Dec. 24, 1963], No. 50881/63. Addition to 1,056,179. Headings H3Q and H4D. The invention relates to a modification of the invention claimed in Specification 1,056,179 wherein the received pairs of sidebands are processed to each provide a demodulated signal having a phase representative of the phase of the difference between the received side-bands. The demodulated signal can be used to provide a coarse but unambiguous position indication. In the arrangement of Fig. 3, the two sidebands are received from a first carrier suppressed transmitting station, and are demodulated by means of the locally generated carrier wave, to produce the two signals at the modulation frequency of f 1 . The two modulation signals are compared in phase meter 20, as in the parent Application, to give a distance indication repetitive over a distance greater than half the wavelength of the carrier wave. The two signals are additionally fed to a multiplier 22, from the output of which a signal at frequency 2f 1  is selected and after zeroing phase adjustment in means 25 is compared in phase in phase meter 24 with the output of a frequency standard 26, locked with the locally generated carrier wave. The phase meter 24 then gives a coarse distance indication, repeating every wavelength at frequency 2f 1 . The arrangement is duplicated for the sidebands at frequencies Ff 2  from the second transmitting station. The demodulator arrangement which receives the sideband signals Ff 1  and Ff 2  and produces two signals at frequency f 1  and two of f 2 , wherein the phase difference between two signals of like frequency is dependent on the angular displacement between the carrier wave vector at the transmitter, and the resultant of the received sideband vectors, which angular displacement in turn is proportional to the distance of the transmitter. In the demodulator, Fig. 2 (not shown) the sidebands are received by input circuits (6) as:- where f is f 1  or f 2 , and are fed to an amplitude detector (7), together with the output of a local generator (8), said output being: where # is the above mentioned angular displacement. The product term of the output of detection (7) contains the low frequency term:- The output of circuits (6) is also fed to a second detector (9), together with a signal obtained by phase shifting the output of generator (8) by 90 degrees, to produce low frequency output terms:- These latter terms are phase shifted by 90 degrees, by means of phase shifters (11) and (12) such that a signal: is applied to the primary of transformer (14). The signal: is applied to the primary of transformer (13), which has a centre tapped secondary, the tapping point being connected to the secondary of transformer (14). The arrangement is such that the sum of the two primary signals appears at one end of the secondary of transformer (13 as:- whilst the difference of the two signals appears at the other end as These two signals differ in phase by 2#. Filters (15), (16), (17) and (18) separate out the signals at f 1  and f 2 . A second embodiment comprises a hyperbolic navigation system, wherein four stations (A), (B), (C) and (D) are situated at the corners of a square, Fig. 7 (not shown), and radiate sidebands at respective frequencies of F10f, F12f, F15f, and F18f. The sidebands are received at the mobile stations and are demodulated, Fig. 4 (not shown), to produce pairs of signals at frequencies at 10f, 12f, 15f and 18f. The signals from stations (A) and (C) serve to define one set of hyperbolic isophase lines, and those from (B) and (D) define a second set. The signals from stations (A) and (C) yielding pairs of signal at 10f and 15f will be considered. The signal at 10f from filter (230), Fig. 5 (not shown), is fed to a multiplying mixer (238) together with the signal at 10f from filter (231) to produce a signal at 20f, extracted by filter (239). This signal is frequency multiplied by three in means (240) to produce a signal at 60f which is supplied via a variable phase shifter (244) to one input of a phase comparator (247). The signals at 15f are likewise mixed to produce a signal at 30f which is frequency doubled to produce a second signal at 60f which is applied directly to the phase comparator. The output of the phase comparator controls a motor (245), which in turn varies, via gears (246) the phase shift introduced by phase shifter (244). A servo loop is formed whereby the angular position of the drive shaft of motor (245) represents the phase difference between the two 60f signals. This phase difference represents a coarse but unambiguous position measurement, the lane width of the measurement being #/4 where # is the wavelength corresponding to frequency 30f. A fine but ambiguous position measurement is now made. The signal from filter (230) at 10f and that from filter (232) at 15f are mixed together in mixer (249) to produce a signal at 5f which is applied via variable phase shifter (253) to one input of phase comparator (254). The signal from filter (231) at 10f is likewise mixed in mixer (251) with the signal at 15f from filter (233) and the resulting signal at 5f is fed directly to the other input of phase comparator (254). The output of the phase comparator controls motor (245) which in turn controls phase shifter (253) via gears (254). Thus by suitable choice of gears (246) and (254) the angular position of the drive shafts of motor (245) represents the position of the mobile station according to a fine but ambiguous measurement based on a lane width of where # is the wavelength of the carrier F, and a reinforcing coarse but unambiguous measurement based on a lane width of #/4 where # is the wavelength of frequency 30f. A similar system is described for the signals from station B and D, yielding a position defining angular position of the drive shaft of motor (263). By coupling the two motor drive shafts to differential gearing, Fig. 6 (not shown), yielding measurement of the sum and the difference of the two angular positions, the position of the mobile station in approximately orthogonal co-ordinates can be obtained.