Patent GB-627825-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for shaping objects by plastic deformation
IPC: B21K21/06
Filed: 1944-10-10
Abstract: 627,825. Billet piercing; cupping. FITZPATRICK, H. J. (Clearing Machine Corporation). Oct. 10, 1944, No. 19483. [Class 83 (iv)] A machine for forging and cupping or drawing, comprises a die for receiving the billet, a piercing implement, means for forcing the implement into the billet to expand it into a tubular formation with a closed end, a separate cupping or drawing die and means to force the tubular forging through the die, all the operations being performed successively during one cycle of operation of the apparatus. The machine is in the form of a press having end sections 30 and 31 spaced apart by a section 32. Section 30 carries an intermittently-rotated turret 34 having six dies 62 and also carries a fixedly-mounted drawing die 110. Section 31 carries bearings for two reciprocating slides, one 63 carrying tools 76, 77 and the other 113 carrying a tool or mandrel 112 for forcing the forging 78 through the drawing die. A motor 55, Figs. 2 and 5, mounted on section 31, drives a shaft 59 through a belt 56, which shaft drives through gearing a shaft 66 carrying eccentrics and eccentric straps, such as 115, 116 for operating the slides or rams 63 and 113. The rotation of the shaft 59 may be controlled by a brake. The shaft 59 is also geared to a shaft 54 which extends along the machine to the section 30 where it drives the turret shaft 35 through a gear-train including worm 53, shaft 49, shaft 45, shaft 42, shaft 39 and Geneva movement 37, 38, Fig. 8. The turret shaft 35 also carries a gear 128 which meshes with gear 127 and 132, Fig. 17, of two rotary transfer devices each having three transfer arms 125 and 130. In operation, the billets to be operated upon are fed to the machine by a conveyor 164 and are moved by a reciprocating pusher 166 from the conveyor to one of the seats 126 of the first transfer device. This seat is now turned until it is in alignment with one of the turret dies into which the billet is pushed by the tool 76 carried by the ram 63. The ram is now withdrawn and the turret rotated until the filled die reaches the operating station. At this point the rear of the die is entered by a pin 81 carried by a slide 82, Fig. 14, operated by toggle links 84, 87 by a link 92, rocker member 91 and eccentric 93 on the shaft 45. This pin serves to centre and look the turret and also serves as the bottom of the die as the billet is formed into cup-shape by the tool 77 carried by the ram 63. At the next position of the turret, an ejector pin 96 pushes the forging from the die into a seat 129 of the second transfer device. The pin 96 is secured to a rack meshing with a pinion 99, Fig. 12, on a shaft 100 which is rocked by a gear segment 103 coupled by a bar 106 to an eccentric on the shaft 45. The forging is carried by the second transfer mechanism to a position opposite the drawing die where it is engaged and pushed through the die by the mandrel 112 of the ram 113. On the withdrawal of the ram the work is removed by a stripper plate 133. A stripper plate 79 is also provided for removing the forging from the tool 77. In order to prevent damage, the tools may be operated by the plungers through frangible plates such as plate 161, Fig. 4, a head 159 of the tool 112 being clamped between the plate 161, which abuts a collar 162, and a bushing 160 by means of a screw cap 158. The three turret dies not in the loading, forging or ejecting positions are successively cleaned either by a brush or by a jet of air or liquid, cooled by air or liquid and lubricated by wiping or by a spray, the implements such as 135, 136 for effecting these operations being carried by the ram 63. The guideways for the rams are lubricated by means of pipes 138, Fig. 5. The turret head is formed with passage 140, Fig. 20, supplied with coolant by a pipe 139 extending through the shaft 35. In a modified form, the second transfer device moves the forged billet to a position in front of one of a number of drawing dies carried by a second turret, the idle dies being cleaned, cooled and lubricated during the rotation of the turret. In another modification, Fig. 24, the drawing dies 110 are carried in a turret 147 which overlaps the turret 146 carrying the forging dies 152 so that in one position, the die carrying the forged billet is in alignment with the drawing die and a common plunger or mandrel 154 serves to eject the billet from the turret 146 and force it through the drawing die, thus eliminating the second transfer device.