Patent GB-901106-A (GB)
Title: Method for the manufacture, and uses, of lignin condensates
IPC: D21C11/00
Filed: 1959-06-15
Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of one or more ethanolamines in a soluble lignin preparation having a comparatively high lignosulphonic acid content (if desired, obtained by further sulphonation of a lignosulphonate by-product from the obtaining of cellulose from wood pulp) and preferably free from calcium salts is condensed at a temperature greater than 105 DEG C. to form a water-insoluble practically infusible condensate or at a temperature below 105 DEG C. for not more than 3 hours to form a water-soluble condensate.  If desired powdered fillers may be mixed with the ethanolamine before or after addition of the lignin preparation or with the soluble condensates.  In this way heavy granulated materials, e.g. sand, fossil silica, mineral wool, or cork waste may be agglomerated and bound together.  Commercial triethanolamine containing 10-15% diethanolamine and about 5% monoethanolamine is a suitable starting material.  The soluble condensates may be evaporated to dryness without change in their properties provided they are not heated above 105 DEG C.  The soluble condensates may be used as adhesives or coating compositions if desired with addition of pigments or colouring matter.  They may also be used as the aqueous phase for emulsifying a variety of materials such as oils, pitch, bitumen.  In the examples (I) Commercial triethanolamine is stirred into a sulphonated lignin solution which has been decalcified and acidified to a pH of 2,5.  The mixture is gently boiled for 80 minutes to form a water-soluble condensate.  (II) The unheated mixture of Example (I) is mixed with white sand for foundry cores and samples are dried at 225 DEG C. for 75 minutes.  They have a good resistance to humidity. (III) Amino alcohol and lignin sulphonate are mixed with coal fines, compacted to ovoid shapes and heated at 200 DEG C. for 90 minutes to form fuel briquettes.  (IV) A solution of water-soluble amino alcohol-lignin condensate is mixed with diatomaceous earth to form a mouldable paste which dried at 150 DEG -200 DEG C. gives solid semi-cylindrical bodies resistant to humidity which may be fastened to steam piping by water-soluble condensate which harden in situ.ALSO:An aqueous dispersion of one or more ethanolamines in a soluble lignin preparation having a comparatively high lignosulphonic acid content (if desired, obtained by further sulphonation of a lignosulphonate by-product from the obtaining of cellulose from wood pulp) and preferably free from calcium salts is condensed at a temperature greater than 105 DEG C. to form a water-insoluble practically infusible condensate or at a temperature below 105 DEG C. for not more than 3 hours to form a water-soluble condensate. Commercial triethanolamine containing 10-15% diethanolamine and about 5% monoethanolamine is a suitable starting material.  The soluble condensates may be evaporated to dryness without change in their properties provided they are not heated above 105 DEG C.  The soluble condensates may be used as adhesive or coating compositions if desired with addition of pigments or colouring matter.  They may also be used as the aqueous phase for emulsifying a variety of materials such as oils, pitch, bitumen. In an Example, I. Commercial triethanolamine is stirred into a sulphonated lignin solution which has been decalcified and acidified to a pH of 2.5.  The mixture is gently boiled for 80 minutes to form a water-soluble condensate.