Patent GB-1050812-A (GB)
IPC: F25B40/00
Abstract: 1,050,812. Heating and cooling systems for vehicles; ventilating vehicles; refrigerating. SOC. ANON. DES USINES CHAUSSON. June 26, 1963 [June 27, 1962], No. 25498/63. Headings F4H, F4U and F4V. In a method for selectively heating or cooling air forced by a fan la into a vehicle compartment, a volatile heat transfer liquid is circulated between two heat exchangers, 1 and 6 or 9, in one of which it is vaporized and in the other of which it is condensed. As shown, the arrangement includes two interconnected circuits, viz. a circuit F for cooling the vehicle space and a circuit F 1  for heating the latter, the required circuit being brought into operation by coupled valves 2, 3 (one being open whilst the other is closed), and by a valve 104. The vehicle is normally driven by an I.C. engine 100 having a cooling circuit including a radiator 101 and a fan 102. A compressor 11 may be coupled to the engine by an electromagnetic clutch 103. For heating the vehicle compartment the compressor 11 remains idle and valves 2, 3 and 104 are set so as to permit fluid flow in the circuit F 1  (indicated by heavy lines). In this circuit which is not under pressure, the heat transfer fluid is vaporized in the heat exchanger 6 and condensed in the heat exchanger 1 over which air for the passenger compartment is drawn by a fan 1a The heat exchanger 6 may be heated by the engine exhaust gases, by the engine coolant, or as shown by the warm air leaving the radiator 101. For cooling the vehicle space, valves 2, 3, 104 are set for fluid flow in the pressurized circuit F. At the same time the clutch 103 is actuated to cause the compressor 11 to be driven by the engine. The circuit includes the compressor 11, heat exchanger 9 positioned in the engine cooling air stream as shown, a heat exchanger 15 in a vessel 13 and a pressure-actuated control valve 18 for maintaining a constant pressure in the heat exchanger 1. Vapour which has been formed in the heat exchanger 1 passes through line 16 to heat exchanger 15 where any residual liquid carried over is also vaporized. The vapour flows thence through line 17 to compressor 11 which discharges through line 10 to condenser 9. Condenser 9 discharges into the vessel 13 in which any residual vapour is condensed by coil 15. The liquid then flows to a reservoir 13a thence to heat exchanger 1 where it absorbs heat from the air drawn into the vehicle by fan 1a and is revaporized. In a modified system (Fig. 2, not shown), the interconnected heating and cooling circuits are both under compression. The circuit F functions as a conventional refrigerating system, i.e. the heat exchanger 1 operates as an evaporator cooling the air entering the vehicle space. The circuit F 1  functions as a heat pump; i.e. the heat exchanger 1 operates as a condenser giving up heat to the air. The changeover from heating to cooling and vice versa is effected by a four-way valve 22. A bridge 33 of non- return valves is included to ensure that for each circuit, fluid flow is in the same direction through the make-up tank 13 and pressure control valve 18. Non-return valves 30, 31 are used to cause the heat transfer fluid to cut out the heat exchanger 6 from the circuit F.