Patent GB-1207974-A (GB)
Title: Frequency selective apparatus including a piezoelectric device
Inventor: BERLINCOURT DON A
IPC: H03H9/02
Filed: 1967-11-16
Abstract: 1,207,974. Electromechanical resonant devices. CLEVITE CORP. 16 Nov., 1967 [17 Nov., 1966], No. 52248/67. Heading H3U. A piezoelectric device. Fig. 1, comprises a substrate 12 with two layers 14, 16 of piezoelectric material deposited or cemented thereon. Electrode 18 is connected to an output terminal 24, electrode 22 is connected to an input terminal 26 and common electrode 20 is connected to ground terminal 28 so that layer 16 serves as the driving element and layer 14 as the driven element. The layers 14, 16 are polarized in the direction 30 and vibrate in the thickness extensional mode. When the layers are formed by separately fabricated discs, suitable materials are piezoelectric ceramic or monocrystalline materials such as quartz, Rochelle salt, di-potassium tartrate and lithium sulfate. When the layers are formed by vapour deposition suitable materials are cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenide, zinc oxide, beryllium oxide and wurtzite zinc sulfide. Suitable materials for the substrate 12 are quartz and metallic compositions such as " Invar " (Registered Trade Mark) and Elinvar; also piezoelectric ceramic, lithium gallate, lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, Rochelle salt, di-potassium tartrate and lithium sulfate may be used. The electrodes 18, 20, 22 are formed by vapour deposition of gold on chromium or aluminium. In a modification (Fig. 2, not shown) the layers 14, 16 are polarized in opposite directions whilst in another modification (Fig. 3, not shown) the layers vibrate in thickness shear mode. The devices serve as bandpass filters but they may serve as step-up auto transformers by connecting the input voltage to common terminal 28 and either of the terminals 24 and 26 and taking the output from terminals 24 and 26. To increase the selectivity an additional set of electrodes 38, 40, 42 may be provided, Fig. 4, electrodes 18, 38 being connected by a lead 38, electrodes 20, 40 being connected by a lead 46, electrode 20 being connected to ground by lead 36, the input terminal 26 being connected to electrode 22 and electrode 42 being connected to output terminal 48. In another embodiment of a transformer, Fig. 5, a substrate 12 carries layers 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68. Layer 68 is piezoelectric and constitutes the driving element whilst layers 54, 58, 62, 66 are also piezoelectric, the remaining layers either not having piezoelectric properties or having such properties but different in response from the layers 54, 58, 62, 66, 68. For a step-up voltage transformation layers 54, 58, 62, 66 are connected in series through leads 80, 82 to output terminals 84, 86, the input terminals 74, 76 being connected through leads 70, 72 to the layer 68. A step-down transformer is obtained by connecting the input to terminals 84, 86 or 86, 88 and the output taken from terminals 74, 76. Adjacent layers are connected by metallic films 90, 94, 98, 100, 104, 106, but these films may be omitted if the thickness of each layer is equal to one half the wavelength of the input source and the layers are polarized such that voltages of successive layers do not cancel out (Fig. 6, not shown). An embodiment for providing a higher transforming ratio is described with reference to Fig. 10 (not shown) in which three stacks connected in cascade are arranged in succession upon the substrate 12. In other embodiments described with reference to Figs. 9, 11, 14 (not shown) the layers are arranged on both upper and lower surfaces of the substrate 12.