baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent HU-183229-B (HU)
Title: Device for feeding filler wire
Inventor: BODEN KNUT F I
IPC: B23K9/12
Filed: 1980-10-07
Abstract: 1. Welding-wire feed device, which is provided with a pair of axially parallel rollers (3, 5), installed in one plane, for feeding the welding-wire foward, the wire being inserted between the rollers and at right-angles to their axes, and which is provided with a welding-wire guide (15), this guide possessing a tube-like wire passage (23) and a gap (26) which, in the plane of the rollers, passes through the wire passage, it being possible to introduce the rollers into this gap, as far as the wire passage (23), and to introduce the wire-exit end of the welding-wire guide (15) into the opening of a connecting element (17, 18) of a welding-wire conductor, characterised in that the welding-wire guide (15) can be pushed into the opening of the connecting element (17, 18), is laterally guided in the opening, and is composed of two strip-shaped guide rails (19, 20), which are joined along a butting surface, at least one of these rails possessing a channel (21, 22) in the butting surface, the gap (26) passing through them over a portion of their length in the region of the channel, and is divided, by the gap (26), with reference to the rollers (3, 5) and to the feed direction, into an entry-guide and an exit guide, and is provided, in the region of the entry-guide and in the region of the exit guide, with, in each case, a transverse shoulder (27, 28), the transverse shoulder (27) of the entry-guide interacting with a stop (16) of a support (2) for the rollers (3, 5) and the transverse shoulder (28) of the exit guide interacting with a stop (18) of the connecting element (17, 18), and the distance between the two transverse shoulders (27, 28) being equal to that between the two stops (16, 18).
Patent HU-189987-B (HU)
Inventor: SCHINGNITZ MANFRED
IPC: C10J3/48
Filed: 1981-09-02
Abstract: Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Kohlenstaubbrenner, der fuer die Vergasung von Kohlenstaub unter Druck sowie in Gasgeneratoren fuer die Dampf-Sauerstoff-Vergasung von Kohlenstaub unter Druck eingesetzt werden kann. Es wird die Aufgabe geloest, einen Kohlenstaubbrenner so auszubilden, dasz er bei der Druckvergasung von Kohlenstaub sicher arbeitet und einfach herzustellen ist. Erfindungsgemaesz befinden sich zwischen der Gehaeusewand und einer zentralen Oxydationsmittelzufuhr ein oder mehrere als Rohrschlangen ausgebildete Zufuehrungselemente fuer den Kohlenstaub,  die eine oder mehrere Windungen aufweisen und nach Durchfuehrung durch eine Zwischenwand tangential in eine Wirbelkammer muenden. In der Wirbelkammer vermischen sich die Teilstroeme zu einem sich drehenden Kohlenstaubstrom, der aus der Duese austritt und in Wechselwirkung mit dem Oxydationsmittelstrom eine stabile zuverlaessige Flamme bildet.
Patent HU-197515-B (HU)
Title: Process for production of medical compositions with expectorating effect containing n-acetil neuramin acid
Inventor: OGASAWARA SADANORI
IPC: A61P11/10
Filed: 1985-09-10
Abstract: An expectorant capable of acting on the rheological properties of sputum and capable of directly promoting the ciliary motion. The expectorant contains N-acetyineuramin- ic acid or a pharmaceutically active salt thereof.
Patent HU-189548-B (HU)
Title: Process for preparing a-4696 antibiotic complex and single components thereof
Inventor: DEBONO MANUEL
IPC: C07H15/26
Filed: 1981-12-17
Abstract: Antibiotic A-4696 factors B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , C 1a , C 3 , and E 1  are isolated from antibiotic A-4696, the latter being produced by Actinoplanes missouriensis strains ATCC 31680, ATCC 31682, or ATC 31683 under submerged aerobic conditions in a culture medium and isolated from the fermentation broth by absorption on an ion exchange resin and eluted therefrom at p H  10.5 with sodium hydroxide. The novel factors are separated by thin layer chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography and have antimicrobial and growth promotant activity.
Patent HU-204543-B (HU)
Inventor: CSANIGA JANOS
IPC: C08J5/24
Filed: 1989-07-31
Abstract: A találmány tárgya eljárás hő- és vegyszerálló ipari szénalapú sikló-tömítő elemek előállítására a formatesteknek fenol - formaldehid-alapú gyanta monomeres-oldatával történő impregnálása révén. A találmány szerinti eljárás azzal jellemezhető, hogy légtelenítést követő impregnálást olyan impregnáló oldat kompozícióval végzik, amely 60-75 tömeg% epoxidálással és akrilsavas észterezéssel módo- sított fenol-formaldehid novolak gyantából, 0-10 tömeg% fenol-formaldehid rezol gyantából és 15—40 tömeg% sztirol vagy (met)akrilát monomerből áll. A formatest pórusaiban lévő impregnáló oldatot ezután 50-300 KGy összdózisú sugárzással, majd ezt követően 20-120 perces 180-300 °C-os hőkezeléssel kikeményítik. HU 204 543 A A leírás terjedelme: 4 oldal
Patent HU-183776-B (HU)
Inventor: CSERNAY LASZLO
IPC: G01T1/20
Filed: 1981-12-30
Abstract: A találmány lényege egy olyan mérőrendszer, amely a mérések megbízhatóságát megtartva a minősítéshez szükséges időt minimálisan egy nagyságrenddel csökkenti. Ezt egyrészt a mérés mechanikus előkészítésének félautomatikus megoldásával, másrészt a mérés vezérlésének, értéke- 1 lésének és bizonylatolásának programvezéreit, interaktív automatizálásával oldja meg. A sötétrezárható dobozban elrendezett mérőfej központosító szerszámmal van ellátva, a mérőfej bemenetére nagyfeszültségű tápegység csatlakozik, kimenete sokcsatornás analizátor bemenetével var összekötve, mely számítógéphez csatlakozik  ’ ábra -1-
Patent HU-190336-B (HU)
Inventor: CSEH ZOLTAN
IPC: E04B1/41
Filed: 1984-11-27
Abstract: A találmány talajfelszín alatti csarnokszerkezet tároló és/vagy tartózkodási terek, pl. üzemi vagy közlekedési létesítmények földfelszín alatti építményeinek kiképzésére, amely szerkezet általában több irányból ható földnyomások, a talajfelszín felöl adódó terhek, valamint a csarnokszerkezet belső terének funkcionális adottságaiból származó, terhek és adott esetben egyéb hatások viselésére alkalmas szerkezeti egységekkel rendelkezik, és vízzáró szigeteléssel van ellátva. Jellegzetessége, hogy a csarnokszerkezet belső terét (1) oldalirányból előregyártott faltárcsák (4), fölülről ugyancsak előregyártott födémtárcsa (3), míg alulról monolit padlólemez (5) határolja, a térhatároló szerkezeti részekhez (3, 4, 5) födémgerendákat (2), talpgerendákat (6) és oszlopokat (7) tartalmazó teherhordó váz van hozzárendelve, az előregyártott faltárcsák (4) vasbeton üreges panelokat, a födémtárcsa (3) pedig π keresztmetszetű vasbeton panelokat tartalmaz, a faltárcsák (4) és a födémtárcsa (3) hegesztéssel és betonozással össze vannak erősítve.  12 15^ J -iJ 5 '7 15 2.ábra  -1-
Patent HU-208068-B (HU)
Inventor: MAYER LASZLO
IPC: A61F13/00
Filed: 1987-12-27
Abstract: Találmányunk tárgyát többrétegű sebfeltét képezi,
melyben egy nyitott cellás, hidrofób hablemezhez,
melynek vastagsága 1,0-3,0 mm, egy nagy nedvszívó
képességű, tömegére vonatkoztatva legalább 300% folyadékmennyiséget
felvenni és megtartani képes szálasanyaggal
tűnemezeit, másik nyitott cellás, hidrofób
hablemez, mely 2,5-4,0 mm vastag, van rétegelve a
tűnemezelés irányával ellentétes irányból és adott
esetben a megnevezett rétegek gyógyászatilag elfogadható
anyagokkal vannak impregnálva.
Patent IT-1236070-B (IT)
Title: Rotary joint for the articulated connection of multiple or rigid conductors, designed for the transport of fluids subject to high pressures
Inventor: PERANI GIULIO
IPC: F16L/
Filed: 1989-11-29
Granted: 1992-12-22
Abstract: The object of this invention consists of a new rotary joint, designed for the transport of fluids subject to high pressures and particularly useful where articulated joints are needed, which are held perfectly, securely, and absolutely sensibly. It consists of two robust metallic elements, appropriately dimensioned and equipped with multiple retaining washers, said joint is characterized: by the simplicity of the component elements; by the docility of manoeuvring required to initiate motion; and finally by the low cost of fabrication when compared to existing joints.
Patent LV-12569-B (LV)
Title: Epothilone derivatives
Inventor: VITE GREGORY D
IPC: C07D493/04
Filed: 2000-02-02
Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I), Q is selected from the group consisting of (II), G is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, substituted or or unsubstituted aryl, heterocyclo, (III), W is O or NR15; X is O or H,H; Y is selected from the group consisting of O; H, OR16; OR17, OR17; NOR18; H, NOR19; H, NR20R21; H, H; or CHR22; OR17OR17 can be a cyclic ketal; Z1 and Z2 are selected from the group consisting of CH2, O, NR23, S or SO2, wherein only one of Z and Z2 is a heteroatom; B1 and B2 are selected from the group consisting of OR24, or OCOR25, or 2CNR26R27; when B1 is H and Y is OH, H they can form a six-membered ring ketal or acetal; D is selected from the group consisting of NR28R29, NR30COR31 or saturated heterocycle R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R13, R14, R18, R19, R20, R21, R22, R26 and R27 are selected from the group H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, or aryl and when R1 and R2 are alkyl can be joined to form a cycloalkyl; R3 and R4 are alkyl can be joined to form a cycloalkyl; R9, R10, R16, R17, R24, R25, and R31 are selected from the group H, alkyl, or substituted alkyl; R8, R11, R12, R28, R30, R32, R33, and R30 are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclo; R15, R23 and R29 are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclo, R32 C=O, R33 SO2, hydroxy, O-alkyl or O-substituted alkyl, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and any hydrates, solvates or geometric, optical and stereoisomers thereof, with the proviso that compounds wherein: W and X are both O; and R1, R2, R7 are H; and R3, R4, R6, are methyl; and R8, is H or methyl; and Z1, and Z2, are CH2; and G is 1-methyl-2-(substituted-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl; and Q is as defined above are excluded.
Patent LV-12823-B (LV)
Title: Anti-theft system for transport vehicle
Inventor: MASTEROVS PETERIS
IPC: H01M2/34
Filed: 2002-02-08
Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-theft vehicle system, in particular to the anti-theft device of switching system for blocking of the vehicle motor being placed directly in a casing of the battery. The goal of the present invention is to provide such anti-theft device for disposing it directly in the casing of the battery that allows to maintain the known process of production of batteries without dependence from the type of the battery being produced. The scheme of anti-theft vehicle system includes a vehicle battery having sections (1) electrically connected to the terminals (2 and 3). The terminal (2) consists of the upper part (4) and the lower part (5) and electronic contact (6) placed between them. Electronic contact (6) is connected with its controlling microprocessor (7) that is built-in in the housing (8) of the contact (6). Microprocessor is connected with coding device and code receiver as well as former of signals (not shown). Electronic contact (6) is supplied with taps (9 and 10). Parts of terminal (2) are connected with taps of electronic contact (6) by means of fixing elements, e.g., by means of rivets or welded joints ensuring heat removal and reliable electronic contact.
Patent LV-14186-B (LV)
Title: Supplementary device for artificial breathing or respiration
Inventor: GAIGALS ALFONS
IPC: A61M16/10
Filed: 2009-01-22
Abstract: The object of the invention is the auxiliary device for the artificial breathing which is designed as the system of two chambers, A and B, both of equal volume, let's say, one-liter, and of similar form; besides: each chamber is made of a resilient material, for example, polyethylene or some other effortlessly inflating/ deflating material; each upper part of 3' and 3" is equipped with the air input/ output vent of 6' and 6" the thickened walls of which in comparison with the thickness of the material of the chamber provide the opportunity to insert in the aperture of 6' and 6" and tightly fix with the mediation of the transition element or the mouthpiece input end or the pipe 8, preferably frilled, one end of 8'; for the sake of the stability of the form the lower parts of both chambers of 2' and 2" as well as the upper parts of 3' and 3" are made as an integral formation of a slightly thickened material which is made of the base 2, the top 3 and the lateral walls 4' and 4" (or the lateral wall 4 as an integral formation), and the middle wall 5, preferably though not mandatory is common; coil springs of 1' and 1" are fitted into the interior of both chambers the ends of which (springs) are attached to the base 2 and the top 3.
Patent LV-12433-B (LV)
Title: Method of making arylamino triazolopyridines
Inventor: ZHOU JIACHENG
IPC: A61P37/02
Filed: 1999-09-14
Abstract: Method for making 4-arylamino-1-alkyl-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]pyridines by base-promoted isomerization of 7-alkylamino-3-aryl-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridines.
Patent MX-173476-B (MX)
Title: Un equipo para usarlo en analisis para detectar un ligando o una pareja enlazadora de ligando en una muestra de fluido
Inventor: GRADAM HENRY A JR
IPC: G01N33/532
Filed: 1987-06-09
Abstract: La presente invención se refiere a un equipo para usarlo en análisis para detectar un ligando o una pareja enlazadora de ligando en una muestra de flúido, caracterizado porque comprende una membrana que tiene inmovilizado en toda ella, continuamente o en zonas separadas, una pareja enlazadora de ligando o un ligando para unirse al ligando o a la pareja enlazadora de ligando que se va detectar, respectivamente y un resipiente que tiene un ligando o una pareja enlazadora de ligando, marcados con oro coloidal, para unirse ya sea al ligando o a la pareja enlazadora de ligando en la membrana, en un análisis competyitivo; o al ligando o a la pareja enlazador de ligando en la muestra de fluído en un análisis de emparedado.
Patent MX-168889-B (MX)
Title: Aparato para rectificar y bruñir interiores con barretas abrasivas
Inventor: GRAFT RICHARD P
IPC: B24B33/08
Filed: 1987-06-10
Abstract: La presente invención se refiere a una herramienta para rectificar y bruñir interiores con barretas abrasivas, caracterizada porque comprende un cuerpo de herramienta que tiene una superficie periférica exterior formada con al menos una ranura y cuando menos una superficie exterior plana en la superficie periférica sobre la cual puede montarse una barreta abrasiva, un expansor montado en el cuerpo de la herramienta para movimiento longitudinal y para acoplamiento con una superficie de leva y un miembro expansor que se extiende en la ranura, un espaciador impulsor de barreta montado en la ranura y acoplado por el expansor, a fin de moverla radialmente al cuerpo de la herramienta, un sostén para barreta formado con una ranura en la que se monta la barreta abrasiva y un espaciador de montaje ubicado entre y conectado con la superficie exterior plana del cuerpo de herramienta y el sostén de la barreta y formado con una ranura a través de la cual puede moverse el espaciador impulsor de barreta.
Patent NO-134597-B (NO)
Inventor: GAWLICK H
IPC: F42C19/00
Filed: 1972-11-01
Abstract: Opplagring av en elektrisk generator i et flyvélegeme.
Patent NO-143134-B (NO)
Title: Maskin for tilforming av planker.
Inventor: RAUTIO KAUKO
IPC: B27C1/08
Filed: 1977-02-21
Abstract: Maskin for tilforming av planker.
Patent NO-174735-B (NO)
Inventor: MOLEN VAN DER THEODORUS JACOBU
IPC: C08J5/18
Filed: 1986-08-05
Abstract: Cast film on the basis of low-density polyethylene is pre­pared by extruding the molten polymer at temperatures of the melt at the die gap of below 200◊C. Films that have been prepared this way have special mono-axial orientation as a result of which the mechani­cal properties are improved.
Patent NO-167390-B (NO)
Title: Analogifremgangsmaate ved fremstilling av terapeutisk aktive 4-(2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl heterocykliske carbonylderivater.
Inventor: HIBERT MARCEL
IPC: C07C265/02
Filed: 1987-03-04
Abstract: Nye 4-(2-pyrimidinyl)-l-piper-azinyl heterosykliske carbonylderivater av formel:. hvori n er et helt tall fra 2 til 5; X er radikalet. Ri og Rer hver methyl, eller danner sammen en tetramethylen- eller penta-methylenring; og farmasøytisk aksep-table syreaddisjonssalter derav, utviser terapeutisk aktivitet. Fremstilling av forbindelsene er beskrevet. (56) Anførte publikasjoner Europeisk (EP) patentsøknad, pbl. nr. 129128.
Patent NO-175606-B (NO)
Inventor: ROLL KARL-FRITZ
IPC: F21V13/10
Filed: 1988-09-27
Abstract: Mirror lighting unit. To satisfy special demands on the light density distribution, such as are required, for example, by video workstations, use is made of mirror lighting units, which, in addition to longitudinal mirrors provided on both sides of a lamp, have louvre vanes of double-parabola-shaped cross-section arranged transverse to the extent of the lamp on the side where the light is emitted, and which are aligned relative to the lamp with the base side of their cross-section. In order to keep as low as possible the emission losses occasioned by such louvre vanes, the louvre vanes are provided on their base side with reflecting covers, which can, however, cause the image of the lamp which they reflect to emerge via further reflections on the longitudinal mirrors at an angle of emission which destroys the screening effect required of such lighting units. It is possible to prevent this by giving the base-side cover of the louvre vanes a special hood-shaped form, but the expense occasioned thereby is substantial. A special embodiment of such a louvre vane is provided, which can be formed from a single sheet-metal part, together with the hood-shaped cover satisfying the emission condition for the mirror lighting unit.
Patent NO-179243-B (NO)
Inventor: WOLD RAGNAR
IPC: C01B7/07
Filed: 1994-06-03
Abstract: A method of removing iron and halogen coloring materials from hydrochloric acid, by removing iron from the hydrochloric acid, and thereafter adding a nitrogen containing reducing agent to the hydrochloric acid.
Patent YU-43185-B (YU)
Title: Process for obtaining a new derivative of 5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4h-thieno (3,2-c)-pyridinone-2
Inventor: FREHEL D
IPC: C07D495/04
Filed: 1983-06-16
Abstract: This invention relates to a new thieno-pyridinone derivative of the formula:   <IMAGE>   and its pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid addition salts. This invention relates also to a process for the preparation of said compound and to its therapeutic application as blood-platelet anti-aggregation agent and anti-thrombosis agent.
Patent YU-45690-B (YU)
Title: Postopek za pripravo 9-(2-hidroksietoksimetil)-gvanina
Inventor: KOBE J
IPC: C07D487/14
Filed: 1984-12-22
Abstract: POSTOPEK ZA PRIPRAVO 9-(2-HIDROKSIETOKSIMETIL)-GVANINA, s formulo označen s tem, da spojino s splošno formulo I v kateri sta R in R' enaka ali različna in pomenita vodik, C1 - C8 - acil ali benzil in R1 (C1-C8) acil, hidroliziramo ob milih bazičnih pogojih. Prijava vsebuje še 8 patentnih zahtevkov.
Patent RS-50312-B (RS)
Inventor: KOVACEVIC DUSAN
IPC: F24H1/20
Filed: 2004-04-05
Abstract: Vertikalni bojler sa rotacionim elektrogrejačem omogućuje prema potrebi korisnika separatno zagrevanje tople vode ,sastoji se iz rezervoara (28) sa ugrađenom cevi (33 ) na polovini visine rezervoara (28) ,naznačen time, što je u rezervoaru (28) ugradjen obrtno pokretan sklop "G" sa elektrogrejačem (36), što je sklop "G" sa elektrogrejačem (36) u rastavljivom spoju preko osovine (12) sa kinematskim sklopom "H" i biračem (23) zapremine.Prijava sadrži još 5 zavisnih patentnih zahteva
Patent ZA-802227-B (ZA)
Title: A belt drive arrangement
Inventor: AARON C
IPC: F16H7/02
Filed: 1980-04-15
Abstract: A printing belt (12) extends around a rotatable cylinder (30) having independently rotatable belt drive sprockets (40) at the opposite ends thereof. A torque-assist drive (86, 90, 114, 116 etcetera) connected with the cylinder is selectively operable in response to sensors (eg. 62) for imparting supplemental traction to the belt for preventing relative slippage between the belt and drive sprockets.
Patent ZA-803691-B (ZA)
Title: Synthesis of vincaminic acid derivatives
Inventor: ROSSEY G
IPC: C07D461/00
Filed: 1980-06-20
Abstract: Vincaminic acid derivatives of formula (A)    <IMAGE>  (A)  useful in treating cerebral insufficiency, are prepared by reacting 1-ethyl-2,3,4,6,7,12-hexahydroindolo[2,3-a]quinolizine with the 2,4-DNP hydrazone of ethyl or methyl bromopyruvate followed by (i) reduction of the C=N bond and (ii) simultaneous cyclization with removal of the ketone-protecting group in either order.
Patent ZA-805103-B (ZA)
Title: Improvements in micropumps
Inventor: ZIERENBERG B
IPC: B01L3/02
Filed: 1980-08-20
Abstract: 1. Process for metering small quantities of liquid without leaving a residue by means of a micro-piston pump having a capillary cylinder in which a piston, which fits in gastight manner therein, is mounted so as to be movable between a top dead centre and a bottom dead centre, the cylinder at its end located opposite the base of the piston opening into a twoway valve which connects the space in the cylinder alternately to an inlet and to an outlet (which connects the cylinder to the atmosphere during the first stage of the intake operation), characterised in that the piston and the valve are moved in such a way that, during the intake operation, first a defined quantity of air and then a defined quantity of liquid is transported into the cylinder, the quantity of air being such that, as the piston moves downwards to bottom dead centre, all the liquid is expelled through the outlet line.
Patent ZA-837489-B (ZA)
Title: Cold-setting,polyurethane-forming binder for mould materials,the production and use thereof
Inventor: MAREK TORBUS
IPC: C08G77/42
Filed: 1983-10-06
Abstract: This relates to a bonding agent which is used for the production of molded foundry parts and which is composed of two basic components which harden out cold in the mixture of the molded material in the presence of a catalyst under the formation of polyurethane. One basic component is a polyol in the form of a solution of a co-condensate containing an OH group consisting of phenol, aldehyde and an alkyl phenyl siloxane with a contents of at least 3% by weight in free OH groups, if applicable in mixture with a phenol aldehyde condensate containing an OH group, and the second basic component is a polyisocyanate likewise dissolved under normal conditions. Appropriately the solvent has a content in vegetable oils, preferably castor oil.
Patent ZA-841374-B (ZA)
Title: Substituted maleimides
Inventor: MARZOLPH GERHARD DR
IPC: C07D207/416
Filed: 1984-02-24
Abstract: Substituted maleimides of the formula   <IMAGE>   in which X represents hydrogen, chlorine or bromine, X1 represents chlorine or bromine, n represents 2, 3, 4 or 5 and R represents halogen, alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, aryloxy or cycloalkyl, halogenoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, acyloxyalkyl, nitro, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, carboxyl, carbonylamino, hydroxyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkoxy, acyloxy, sulphonylamino, alkylsulphonyl, alkylmercapto, marcapto, acylmercapto, halogenoalkylmercapto, amino, mono- or di-alkylamino or acylamino and m represents 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, which possess fungicidal activity.
Patent ZA-856306-B (ZA)
Title: Compression sealing of tubes within shell and tube heat exchangers
Inventor: SCHINNER EDWARD N
IPC: F28F9/10
Filed: 1985-08-20
Abstract: Sealing means for a shell and tube heat exchanger comprises, located between flanges (6, 20), flange gaskets (8, 19) each surrounded by a respective retainer (7, 18), tube sheets (11, 16), a tube sheet gasket (14) and a tube sheet gasket retainer (13). The gasket retainers are made of a relatively incompressible material compared to the gaskets, and are thinner than the gaskets. The relatively incompressible retainers prevent overcompression of the gaskets, while the thicker gaskets create an effective seal.