baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-159754-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in reduction gear
IPC: F02N15/00
Filed: 1920-02-04
Abstract: 159,754. Hatcher, E. C., and Rooke, T. Feb. 4, 1920. Gearing varying in ratio as drive is applied to one or other terminal shaft.-Two worm or helical trains in series are used with a ratchet clutch and applied as hand or power starting-gear for internal-combustion) engines. A worm d upon the driving-shaft a in line with the engine shaft b meshes with two worm-wheels e upon spindles g mounted transversely in a casing n. The spindles g are connected by skew gear pairs f to perpendicular spindles i also in the casing. Worms j upon the spindles i mesh with a worm-wheel k fast on the shaft b. When the shaft a is actuated, the casing n is prevented from turning backwards by a ratchet clutch t, and the shaft b is driven slowly in the same direction. When the shaft b is driven by its engine, the gearing turns solid, the clutch t overrunning. Any resistance upon the shaft a would cause the casing n to overrun the shaft b. Such effect is limited by having the worm d movable axially to bring clutch dogs u into action. Alternatively, a ratchet clutch between the shafts a and b may be used for this purpose. A yielding spring latch s, Fig. 1, or magnetic friction clutch may be used to prevent damage due to a backfire.
Patent GB-456436-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rayon yarn and the manufacture thereof
IPC: D01D10/04
Filed: 1935-02-02
Abstract: <PICT:0456436/IV/1> In a stretch spinning process for producing rayon yarn, particularly yarn of above 600 denier, the filaments are drawn through the precipitating bath without appreciable stretching and are thereafter stretched by the desired amount, e.g. from 40 to 75 per cent.  Using the apparatus shown, a cuprammonium solution containing about 4 per cent of cellulose is spun through a large diameter spinneret 7 arranged at the bottom of a tank containing precipitating liquid which may comprise caustic soda, ammonia and copper hydroxide. The filaments pass without stretching round the drawing wheel 10 and are led by suitable rollers 11 on to the cage of the drum-like member 12 on which the thread is advanced in the form of a helix.  The thread flattens on the cage in the form of a ribbon and in this condition is subjected to treatment by acid and by water, which are supplied by the pipes 13 and 14, respectively. On passing from the wheel 10 to the cage 12, the filaments undergo the desired stretching.  The threads are stated to have a wet strength of about 1,3 to 2 grams per denier and a dry strength of about 2 to 3,5 grams per denier, and may be used in the manufacture of tyres. Specification 378,467 is referred to.
Patent GB-414148-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of aldehydes of high molecular weight
IPC: C07C45/48
Filed: 1933-02-06
Abstract: For the production of aldehydes containing at least 12 carbon atoms from the corresponding acids mixed with formic acid and reducing gases, the apparatus may consist of or be lined with copper or copper alloys or chromium nickel steel and may be heated by liquid baths or metal block furnaces.  The apparatus may include a preheater for the reducing gas and a vaporizer for the acids.  Suitable catalysts are those which contain manganous oxide, which may be mixed with other substances such as kieselguhr or may be supported on carriers such as burnt clay or pumice.  In an example, pumice is impregnated with manganese nitrate heated at 450 DEG  C. and reduced in hydrogen at 400 DEG  C.  Specifications 391,113 and 413,754 are referred to.ALSO:Aldehydes containing at least 12 carbon atoms are produced by passing the corresponding carboxylic acids mixed with formic acid and reducing gases over decarboxylation catalysts.  Suitable reducing gases are hydrogen, carbon monoxide or mixtures thereof with or without inert gases such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Preferably the formic acid is in excess, such as 3 to 8 times the theoretical quantity.  The partial pressure of the acid of high molecular weight may be about 1 to 5 per cent of the total pressure, as described in Specification 413,754.  The gases produced by the decomposition of the excess formic acid may be used as the reducing gas, but in that case it is preferable to remove the carbon dioxide therefrom before returning the gas to the process.  The apparatus should not be of iron, but may consist of or be coated with copper or copper alloys or chromium-nickel steel and may be heated by liquid baths or metal block furnaces. Suitable acids for treatment are lauric, stearic, the acids of soya bean and coconut oils, and unsaturated acids such as oleic and ricinoleic acids which last yield unsaturated aldehydes. Atmospheric or reduced pressure may be employed.  Suitable catalysts are those which contain manganous oxide, and may be mixed with other substances such as kieselguhr or may be supported on carriers such as burnt clay or pumice.  In an example, hydrogen is preheated, mixed with oleic and formic acid vapours, and the mixture passed over pumice which has been impregnated with manganese nitrate, heated at 450 DEG  C. and reduced with hydrogen at 400 DEG  C.; the reaction temperature is 325--335 DEG  C. or 350--355 DEG  C. and the waste gases after removal of carbon dioxide are returned to the process; when the activity of the catalyst diminishes, it may be regenerated by treating with hydrogen and foraic acid vapour at 400--410 DEG  C. In another example a pressure of 400 mm. is employed.  Specification 391,113 also is referred to.
Patent GB-767834-A (GB)
Title: Waterproofing and crease-proofing cellulosic textiles
IPC: D06M15/423
Filed: 1954-02-08
Abstract: Cellulosic textile fabrics are waterproofed and crease-proofed by treating them simultaneously or successively in either order with a complex chromium compound of the Werner type, in which a trivalent nuclear chromium atom is co-ordinated with a carboxylic acid group, e.g. stearato, oleato or laurato chromic chloride or nitrate, and a crease-resistance agent.  The latter may be a pre-condensate of urea or melamine with formaldehyde.  Solutions of the agents may be applied by padding, followed by drying and baking at temperatures from 100 DEG  to 200 DEG C.  If an aqueous solution of the complex chromium compound is heated for about 5 minutes at 95 DEG  to 100 DEG C., cooled to below 40 DEG C. and then applied to the textile, baking is not essential for the production of water-repellance.  Drying before baking may also be omitted.  The complex chromium compound acts as a condensation catalyst for the crease-resistance agent, but an additional catalyst for the latter, e.g. zinc nitrate, may be added.
Patent GB-158830-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in mechanisms for use in apparatus for measuring and indicating the tangential pressure of reciprocating engines
IPC: G01L3/14
Filed: 1921-01-29
Abstract: 158,830. Fischmann, D. Jan. 30, 1920, [Convention date]. Steam-engine and like indicators.-Comprises a mechanism for use in apparatus for measuring the component force, PSin. a tangential to the crank path, of the cylinder pressure P of reciprocating engines, " a " being the phase angle made by the crank with the stroke line of the piston. A disc f has pivoted to it at e a lever or lever-like part d lying along a diameter and acted upon by a spring g. The lever is connected at m through the medium of a link l with a piston a acted upon by the cylinder pressure. The disc f is rotated so that the lever d always makes the same phase angle a with the stroke-line of the piston a as the engine crank makes with the stroke-line of the main piston. The variation of the spring g gives a measurement of the required tangential force. The disc f may be stationary, while the small cylinder with the piston a is rotated about the point m. The apparatus may be modified to take account of obliquity of connecting rod by connecting the link l to the lever d eccentrically with respect to the point m, the length of the link being adapted to this eccentricity.
Patent GB-1217581-A (GB)
Title: An inverter device
IPC: H02M7/516
Filed: 1968-01-23
Abstract: 1,217,581. Semi-conductor oscillators. MITSUBISHI DENKI K.K. 23 Jan., 1968 [24 Jan., 1967; 7 June, 1967; 15 July, 1967; 12 Oct., 1967], No. 3616/68. Heading H3T. [Also in Division H2] An inverter comprises a controlled rectifier 6, series connected with a tank circuit 4, 5 and a starting circuit 14 which charges the capacitor 4 prior to starting, thereby extending the duration of the first reverse bias period of the rectifier 6. A capacitor 13 is charged from source 23, and actuation of switch 12 discharges this capacitor through winding 10 coupled to winding 5, thus causing tank circuit 4, 5 to ring charging capacitor 4. During one half cycle of the ringing, capacitor 26 charges and during the next half cycle current from capacitor 4 fires controlled rectifier 29 to discharge capacitor 26 through transformer 35 and thus fire rectifier 6. In a modification, Fig. 8, (not shown), a bias source, and possibly a PNPN diode, are included in the control circuit of rectifier 29. In another modification, Fig. 9 (not shown), the starting circuit is directly coupled to the inductor 5 through a further inductor (39).
Patent GB-1098351-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to herbicides
Inventor: PIANKA MAX
IPC: C07C205/43
Filed: 1964-01-28
Abstract: 2 - t - Butyl - 4,6 - dinitro - phenyl - a  - chloropropionate is prepared by dissolving 2-t-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol in ether, adding pyridine followed by a -chloropropionyl chloride; after standing at room temperature the product is recovered from the ethereal layer. Similarly, 2 - t - butyl - 4,6 - dinitro - phenyl methacrylate was prepared by refluxing 2-t-butyl-4,6-dinitro-phenol, benzene and pyridine with the addition of methacrylyl chloride and recovering the product from the solvent benzene layer.ALSO:The growth of weeds in a crop is inhibited by the application of a compound of the general formula <FORM:1098351/A5-A6/1> where R is Me, an alkenyl group containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an halogeno alkyl group containing 1 or 2 carbon atoms or an halogenoalkenyl group containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms, to soil before the emergence of the crop seedlings or the planting of the crop.  The active compound may be applied incombination with a carrier which may be solid (e.g. clay) or liquid (e.g. a solvent or emulsion base, i.e. a wetting, dispersing or emulsifying base) and may be in the form of solutions, emulsions, sprays, aerosols, wettable powders, granulates, pellets or pastes.  A selective herbicidal preparation contains a compound of the general formula I together with one or more additional selective herbicides, e.g. propham, endothal or a salt of endothal or a mixture thereof.
Patent GB-495470-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to motor control systems
IPC: H02P3/18
Filed: 1937-02-08
Abstract: 495,470. Control of A.C. motors. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Feb. 8, 1937, No. 3705. Void. Convention date, Feb. 8, 1936. [Class 38 (iii)] Braking.-A motor operating a crane is braked and controlled during the lowering operation by means of a controller having four positions 1-4. In the position 4, the driving motor is connected in delta to the supply, and a motor B operating a brake through hydraulic apparatus is connected to the supply to release the brake. At the position 3 the driving motor terminal U is disconnected from the supply and connected to a point on the phase winding VW, while at the position 2, the braking action is increased by short-circuiting rotor resistance. At the position 1, the driving motor is reconnected completely to the supply while the motor B is connected to the rotor winding of the driving motor.
Patent GB-233771-A (GB)
Title: Splash guards for motor vehicles
IPC: B62D25/18
Filed: 1924-02-14
Abstract: 233,771. Cooper, G. Feb. 14, 1924. Lateral splash guards for the wheels of motor vehicles comprise a metal frame a supported by arms d from a pin f on the hub cap and fitted with a rubber flap c shaped more or less to the portion of the wheel below the frame, rotation of the guard being prevented by arms k which pass around the front and back of the wheel and are attached to the boss of the short steering-arm in the case of a front wheel and to the axle casing or spring in the case of a rear wheel. According to the Provisional Specification, the anchoring- arms for the rear guard are attached to the wing.
Patent GB-471308-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to railway trucks
IPC: B61F5/16
Filed: 1937-02-09
Abstract: 471,308. Railway vehicle under - carriages. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO..Ltd. Feb. 9, 1937, No. 3851. Convention date, Feb. 11, 1936. [Class 103 (vi)] The articulated trucks of a locomotive or rail vehicle are provided with a spring centring device effective to maintain the trucks in alignment while the vehicle is running on a straight portion of the track, but ineffective when the relative displacement between adjacent trucks exceeds a predetermined limit, e.g. when the vehicle is negotiating a curve. In the construction shown, the articulation between the adjacent ends 22, 25 of two trucks comprises a vertical pin 30 passing through an opening 24 in a tongue 23 of the end 22 and through corresponding openings 28, 29 in forked extensions 26, 27 of the end 25 which embrace the tongue 23. On the upper surface of the extension 26 is mounted a transverse guide 35 provided centrally on each side with vertical grooves 39 which are normally engaged by a pair of spring-pressed rollers 52, 53 carried by transverse arms 42, 43 jointed to the vehicle frame at 45. As long as the vehicle runs on a substantially straight track, the rollers 52, 53 are retained in the grooves and restrain lateral swivelling of the trucks, but on a curve the lateral movement is sufficient to disengage the rollers from the grooves and bring them on to the flat surfaces of the guide 35; in which position no centralizing effort is exerted.
Patent GB-749147-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gas detection method and apparatus
IPC: G01N27/49
Filed: 1954-02-11
Abstract: 749,147. Electric tests. MINE SAFETY APPLIANCES CO. Feb. 11, 1954 [Feb. 27, 1953], No. 4025/54. Class 37. [Also in Group XXXVII] Apparatus for determining the oxygen content of a gas mixture by means of an electrochemical cell through which the gas mixture or a mixture containing a known oxygen concentration may be sent comprises a control circuit actuated by predetermined values of concentration, and is characterized in that the valve controlling the entry of the test gas to the cell is mechanically interlocked with switches in the control circuit to prevent automatic operation of the control circuit during or immediately after the test gas has been replaced by a standard gas for calibration and zeroizing of the equipment. The electrochemical cell 1 (Fig. 1) comprises a zinc electrode 7 and carbon electrode 3 in an insulating container 2 together with a liquid dielectric 6, the test gas being passed through a central bore in the carbon electrode 3 to diffuse through windowed recesses 5 for chemical reaction with the electrolyte 6, producing a voltage or current indicative of the oxygen content of the test gas. The test gas is supplied by pipe line 12 through a two-way valve 18, and may be replaced by a gas containing zero oxygen content via pipe 20, or a gas having a known oxygen content via pipe 24. In order to calibrate or zeroize the electrical equipment, the valve 18 is operated by a handle 36 (Figs. 3, 4) to release operating button 37 of a switch 38, thereby short-circuiting contacts 39, 40 (Fig. 2), disconnecting an audible alarm 46 and visual alarm 47. Access to the calibration controls is effected by opening a door 33 which breaks switch 50, further disconnectng the alarm devices 46, 47. After calibration the door 33 is closed, thereby closing switch 50, and the handle 36 is operated to admit the test gas to the cell 1, the alarm circuits being completed after a delay produced by a thermal, bimetallic switch 51, and a timer 54.
Patent GB-247383-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to locks or fastenings for attache cases, sample cases, and the like
IPC: E05B65/50
Filed: 1925-02-13
Abstract: 247,383. Hill, W. J. Feb. 13, 1925. Hasp fastenings for attachÚ cases of the type wherein a sliding catch engages the hasp and is operated by an external knob. Accidental movement of the knob c is prevented by a catch member e, pivoted in slots c<1> in the knob and having a projection e<3> to engage a slot a<3> in the lock casing. The slot a<3> may be an extension of the keyhole d<1>, Fig. 8, or of the slot for the connecting pin between the knob and bolt or may be a separate slot. Stops e<1>, Fig. 8, are provided to limit the upward movement of the catch, or a bent up portion e<5>, Fig. 7, may be formed. The catch may be gravity or spring actuated, and has a releasing projection e<4>.
Patent GB-513394-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to cop winding machines
IPC: B65H54/14
Filed: 1938-02-07
Abstract: 513,394. Winding cops. MACKIE & SONS, Ltd., J., and MACKIE, J. P. Feb. 7, 1938, Nos. 4060/39 and 4061/39. Divided out of 513,364. [Classes 120 (ii) and 120 (iii)] Solid cops as shown in Fig. 5 are wound in a machine comprising a rotary stub 150, a cup constituted by forming-cones 10, and a buttress 12 carried by a counterweighted rod 151, the cop being supported during winding by rollers 153 or by a freely rotatable or positively driven tube, Figs. 7 and 8 (not shown). During winding the mass of'yarn is constantly forced as far as the axis of the spindle and stub so that the cop is formed without an axial hole. When the cop is fully wound, a cam 155 on the rod 151 engages a weighted catch 157 so that it engages rack teeth 162 and locks the rod 151 and is itself engaged by an oscillating lever 16, whereby the support frame 152 is moved to release the cop from engagement by the rollers 10 and a bracket 164 is released from a support 166 to tip the cop on to a belt 167. When a tube is used to accommodate the cop during winding it may be formed with a part of reduced diameter to ensure a substantially constant load on the cop. Specification 513,395 is referred to.
Patent GB-289980-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of vat dyestuffs
IPC: C09B3/24
Filed: 1927-02-14
Abstract: 289,980. Johnson, J. Y., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Feb. 14, 1927. Benzanthrone dyes.-Green vat dyes are obtained by fusing with caustic alkali under mild conditions, the aminobenzanthrone obtained by reducing the nitrobenzanthrone described in Example 2 of Specification 12518/06, or those substitution products of the said aminobenzanthrone which contain exchangeable substituents in the Bz 1-position, or the N-acy-1 derivatives thereof. The products may be converted into brown vat dyes by treating them with oxidizing agents either in substance or on the fibre, or the nitrobenzanthrone may be fused directly with caustic alkali to yield a brown vat dye. In examples (1) the aminobenzanthrone itself, its Bz1-brom derivatives, the acetylamino-Bz1-thiocresylether, and the amino-Bz1-mercaptomethylether are fused with caustic potash and ethyl alcohol to yield green dyes, (2) the dye obtained from the aminobenzanthrone is oxidized with chromic acid and the crude product purified by treatment with dilute hypochlorite solution, (3) the nitrobenzanthrone is fused with alcoholic potash and the product purified by treating with hypochlorite; the resulting dyesttiff dyes cotton a fast brown shade which changes to a reddish orange when chlorinated on the fibre, and (4) cotton is dyed from the warm hydrosulphite vat with the dye obtained from the aminobenzanthrone, and is then treated with a dilute solution of bleaching powder; the original green shade changes to a rich brown. Benzanthrone derivatives. - The above-mentioned amino-Bz1-brombenzanthrone is obtained by brominating the acetyl derivative of the said aminobenzanthrone in glacial acetic acid and saponifying the product. The acetylaminobenzanthrone-Bz1-thiocresylether is obtained by condensing the acetylamino-Bz1-brombenzanthrone with p-thiocresol. The amino-Bz1-benzanthronemercaptomethylether is obtained by methylating the sodium compound of amino-Bz1-benzanthrone-mercaptan, which is a by-product in the reduction of the nitrobenzanthrone with sodium sulphide.
Patent GB-163427-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to loom shuttles
IPC: D03J5/24
Filed: 1920-02-11
Abstract: 163,427. Ellwood, L. Feb. 11, 1920. Shuttles.-A threading-guide for loom shuttles is made of wire and is constructed and fitted so as to enable the shuttle to be threaded by breaking the weft. The guide shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4 is situated in a recess C, C<1> formed in the shuttle, and comprises a bend A<1>, called a tension and directing surface; the thread from the cop is passed between the longitudinal edge A<3> of the guide and the inclined surface B<1>, and passes down the inclines A<2>, A<5> to the bend A<1> and to a bend A<6> which forms with the bottom of the recess C<1> a means for preventing the thread from ballooning out. The thread being held near the cop, the free end is pulled and breaks near the part A<1>; the broken end flies through the inclined aperture leading to the concave shuttle eye D, and may be pulled through it. One or both sides of the eye may be formed by pins D<2>. The guide is secured by a pin P as shown.
Patent GB-1386774-A (GB)
Title: Axial pipe compensators
IPC: F16L51/02
Filed: 1971-02-08
Abstract: 1386774 Pipe couplings E RASMUSSEN AS 8 Feb 1972 [8 Feb 1971] 4166/71 Heading F2G Bellows 18 is held in an elastically stretched condition by struts 48 engaging projections 44, while its end supports 20, 21 are joined in a pipe-line, e.g. a subterranean pipe-line for hot water. Thus, when the pipe-line is heated up, in use, the bellows returns substantially to its unstrained condition. In this form, a tube 26 is welded at 28 to tube 20 and is a sliding fit in tube 21. Tubes 22 and 24 telescopically interengage. Insulating layers 32, 34 (and 35) are provided. The bellows 18 is protected from corrosion by a neoprene hose 38, clamped to rigid tubes 36 at the ends. An outer rigid tube 42 is sealed at the ends by sponge rubber rings 41 and its radial displacement is limited by rigid distance rings 40. A clamping ring 50 and ground anchor 52 may be omitted.
Patent GB-353830-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to tube draw benches
IPC: B21C51/00
Filed: 1931-02-10
Abstract: 353,830. Cupping. DEMAG, AKT.- GES., Duisburg, Germany. Feb. 10, 1931, No. 4196. Convention date, Feb. 20, 1930. [Class 83 (iv).] In tube-forming benches an indicator positively driven from the main driving-gear indicates the position of the mandrel, and may comprise a vertical scale 4 on which travels a pointer 6 which may carry a light.
Patent GB-147967-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to sulphonating processes and apparatus for carrying out the same
IPC: C07C303/00
Filed: 1919-02-20
Abstract: 147,967. Sutton, F. C. Feb. 20, 1919. Sulphonic acids.-Aromatic hydrocarbons, for example, benzene, are sulphonated by atomizing the liquid hydrocarbon and sulphuric acid through two oppositely-disposed jets in a suitable reaction chamber. Using the apparatus shown, benzene and sulphuric acid are forced from tanks 13<1>, 17', up pipes 2, 3, to atomizing-nozzles 19, 19<1>, near the top of a steam-jacketed reaction tower 4. The product of the reaction runs down over baffles 14 to a receiver 16. Benzene vaporized in the process is condensed by a reflux condenser 7, and is led by a pipe 12 back to the benzene supply tank. Specifications 139,234 and 140,007 are referred to.