Patent GB-1461157-A (GB)
Title: Pipe welding apparatus
IPC: B23K9/08
Filed: 1974-10-24
Abstract: 1461157 Welding by pressure D SCIAKY 24 Oct 1974 [12 April 1974] 46030/74 Heading B3R [Also in Division H5] In rotating arc, pressure butt welding together of pipe lengths 1, 1a end-to-end, wherein an arc is struck between the pipe length ends, the arc is rotated by means of a radial magnetic field created by two spaced opposed coils 25, and, on fusion of the pipe length ends, the pipe lengths are pressed together, the pipe length ends are trued, held and aligned by internal radially acting clamps 21, 30 which together with the coils 25 are supported on nested tubes 20, 28, 22 at least two of which are relatively axially movable. As shown in Figs. 1, 3 a pipe length 1a, to be welded to an in-place length 1, is carried on roller supports 3. A welding device 4 comprising the clamps 21, 30 and coils 25 is crane-supported by a tractor 7 carrying a welding current source 8, an hydraulic pressure source pump 9, swarf evacuating equipment and electrical controls. The clamps each comprise eight segments 36 radially outwardly cammable, in opposition to garter springs 37, by an axially movable, segment support, octagonal pyramid 39. In operation, (i) the device 4 is inserted into the pipe length 1a so that its end protrudes from the weld end of the length to an extent determined by a gauge (41, Fig. 2, not shown) removably screw-attachable to the said weld end, (ii) the clamp 21 is engaged by energization of an hydraulic cylinder 13 such as to rightwardly move the tube 20, (iii) the protruding end of the device is inserted into the in-place length 1 until the length ends abut, (iv) the clamp 30 is engaged by energization of an hydraulic cylinder 15 such as to rightwardly move the tube 28, (v) a weld gap is set between the lengths firstly by rotation of a wheel 34 screw-threaded on the tube 28 so as to withdraw the wheel from the end 32 of a casing 12 of the device and then by energization of an hydraulic cylinder 14 such as to rightwardly move the casing 12, clamp 21 and length 1a to close the casing end 32 on to the wheel 34, the cylinder reacting on the clamp 30 via the tube 22 and a clamp stop 27, (vi) arc and coil energization currents are supplied for a preset time and immediately thereafter the hydraulic cylinder 14 is energized to rightwardly move the stop 27 clear of the clamp 30 and pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 15 is increased to leftwardly move the casing 12 and thereby press the length 1a against the length 1 to upset and complete the weld, (vii) an inner upset bead 46 is removed by releasing both clamps, moving the device to align cutters 45 with the bead, energizing the hydraulic cylinder 13 to clamp the length 1a, energizing a cutter motor 48 and moving the cutters leftwardly by energization of the hydraulic cylinder 15, the swarf being suction evacuated, and, finally, (viii) the device is withdrawn from the length 1a in readiness for a further length to be welded on. The cutters 45 are carried on the ends of centrifugally outwardly movable frames 50 pivoted on a spider 51 rotatable by the motor 48. In Fig. 4 (not shown) the internal clamps have trueing, aligning and initial positioning functions only, the upsetting force being provided by external, radially inwardly acting, hydraulic clamps (74), (75) hydraulically axially movable towards each other. The whole of the internal device (54) is enterable into the pipe length 1a and is drivable therethrough by a reversible geared motor drive (58) acting via pipe bore engaging wheels (61). Weld gap is determined by a gap gauge inserted between the pipe length ends. Arc current is A.C. and is increased parabolically from a low, arc-sustaining, current, e.g. 500 amps. for 6 sees., to a short duration high current, e.g. 900 amps. for ¢ sec., to provide on the pipe length ends a very thin layer of molten metal backed by plastic metal. HF sparking may be provided at the start of each half cycle. The coils 25 are D.C. fed.