Patent GB-1010323-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to motor vehicle transmission mechanism
Inventor: HILL CLAUDE
IPC: F16H48/30
Filed: 1961-08-22
Abstract: 1,010,323. Motor vehicle driving gear. HARRY FERGUSON RESEARCH Ltd. Aug. 15, 1962 [Aug. 22, 1961], No. 30185/61. Heading B7H. [Also in Division F2] A controlled differential gear includes an hydraulic clutch device supplied through a valve from a pump operative only on forward motion of the vehicle, the valve being kept open to supply the clutch device by reaction to the pumping action and being opened to exhaust on the cessation of forward drive. The rear drive shaft 10 of a four-wheel drive vehicle is driven through a conventional differential (not shown) having one output sun gear meshing with a gear 21 fast on the shaft 10. A hollow shaft 11 is driven from the differential planet carrier, which is driven from the engine, and carries two gears 22, 23 splined thereto. The gears 21, 22, 23 mesh respectively with gears 24 rigid with a shaft 30, and 25 and 26 freely rotatable on the shaft 3; the ratios being such that the gears 25 and 26 are driven at higher and lower speeds than gear 24. Each of the gears 25, 26 are coupled to the shaft 30 by oneway clutches comprising outer internally threaded parts 34, complementarily threaded pressers 40 urged axially by springs 46 against stops 46a, internally and externally splined friction plates 45 connected to the pressers 40 and shaft 30, and annular pistons 43 which, in conjunction with a cylinder 42, from a space 44 which when filled with oil forms an hydraulic abutment. Relative rotation of the threaded elements 34, 40 in a drive direction produces engagement of the plates 45 to lock either gear 25 or 26 to shaft 30 and thus inhibit differential action providing the space 44 is filled with oil. The difference in driving ratios between the gears provides for limited relative differential speed for cornering or uneven ground but prevents differential action when the driven member overtakes the driving member due to unequal axle speeds in excess of the predetermined valve. Pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic abutment 44 by a pipe 86 through non-return valve 52 and is retained therein by closure of an exhaust valve 56 by a piston 103 sensitive to the pressure in the pipe 86. The pipe 86 is fed through a ball valve 91, loaded by spring 93, from a pipe 81 leading from an engine driven pump and from a pipe 61 from a gear pump 60 in the sump of the gear unit. The pump 60 is driven through screw gears 73, 72 from the final drive of the vehicle, the shaft 71 of the gear 72 being in torque and slot connection 70 with the pump spindle such that reaction with forward rotation of the road wheels causes the gear 72 and spindle 71 to ride upwards against a ball valve 90, which closes to prevent exhaust from pipe 86 through a passage 94, the motion being transmitted by a rod 92 to the valve 91 which opens to maintain pressure in pipe 81 from the two supplying pumps. If forward travel ceases, the spindle 71 is urged downwards by the spring and/or the screw gears, thus opening valve 90 to exhaust the abutment 44 and inhibit the differential control, at the same time the valve 91 is shut. On additional control disabling device may be connected to an exhaust 105 to empty the hydraulic abutment 44.