baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1182502-A (GB)
Title: Carboxylic Anhydrides
IPC: C08G75/20
Filed: 1967-04-07
Abstract: 1,182,502. Aromatic polycarboxylic acid anhydrides. MINNESOTA MINING & MFG. CO. 7 April, 1967 [8 April, 1966]. No. 49293/69. Heading C2C. Novel compounds of formula where x is 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2, B is a non-nitrogencontaining organic aromatic group of 6-13 carbon atoms having a valency of x+2n, and C 2 O 3 , is a dicarboxylic anhydride group of which the carbonyl atoms are bonded directly to aromatic carbon atoms in B, are prepared by condensing a halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon containing the desired grouping B with potassium phenolate, oxidizing with KMnO 4  in a hot pyridine/water solution and dehydrating the resulting acid. Examples prepare 4-phenoxy- and 4,5 - diphenoxy - phthalic anhydride, 4,5- diphenoxynaphthalic anhydride, 3,6 - diphenoxypyromellitic dianhydride and 4 - phenoxybenzophenone - 3<SP>1</SP>,4<SP>1</SP> - dicarboxylic anhydride, the last named by Friedel-Crafts condensation of diphenyl ether and trimellitic anhydride acid chloride.
Patent GB-1363422-A (GB)
Title: Iron alloys containing chromium and/or manganese
IPC: B22F9/22
Filed: 1971-10-18
Abstract: 1363422 Gel oxide particles UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY 18 Oct 1971 [16 Oct 1970] 49379/70 Heading C1A [Also in Division C7] To a solution of mixed soluble salts comprising iron and at least chromium and/or manganese is added a water-soluble polymeric organic compound having a plurality of hydroxyl groups (other than a cellulosic derivative which increases in viscosity in the presence of an alkaline solution) to form a viscous solution of complexes with the metallic ions. The said solution is then introduced dropwise into an alkaline solution to precipitate the metals in gel particles. The polymeric compound may be a polysaccharide such as an alkali-modified starch or polyvinyl alcohol and may be present in amount of 1-20% by weight of the amount of metal in the solution. The precipitating solution may be sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide solution, e.g. of 5- 50% concentration. The precipitated particles are used in the production of alloys (see Division C7).
Patent GB-1346017-A (GB)
Title: Pressing apparatus
IPC: B30B9/32
Filed: 1972-10-26
Abstract: 1346017 Compressing scrap M UCHIDA 26 Oct 1972 [26 Oct 1971 24 Nov 1971] 49476/72 Heading B5F  In a scrap compressing apparatus a presser foot 6 attached to the bottom of a shaft 4 is  movable, through a long distance, to compress the scraps into a block, by means of a plate 9  movable, through only a short distance, by a  hydraulic plunger 17, the plate being axially movable relative to the shaft between successive operative strokes. The shaft may have a screw thread and be moved through an initial compression stroke by the plate 9 being rotated by a spindle 11. The plate is then alternately moved downwardly by the plunger 17 movable in an annular cylinder, and returned upwardly by an auxiliary piston 22 whilst being rotated by the spindle 11. Alternatively the plate may be in two parts each having protrusions engaging grooves in the shaft, the parts being movable together to engage the shaft when the plate is moved downwardly and moved apart during the reverse movement of the plate. An air curtain 30 and a closable flap 33 is provided at the entry to the compression chamber. A pump 44 on the foot 6 removes water compressed out of the scrap. A compressed block of scrap is removed from the chamber by disengaging hydraulically operated blocks 38, 39 from plates 34, 35 and hydraulically moving the plates. A steel member 47 having a hook 48 may be positioned in the block. The blocks may be treated with mortar and used for construction work.
Patent GB-1336660-A (GB)
Title: Electrophotographic apparatus
IPC: G03G5/00
Filed: 1971-10-26
Abstract: 1336660 Electro-photographic copiers INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 20 Oct 1971 [1 Dec 1970 2 Dec 1970] 49616/71 Heading G2H A photo-conductor 23 is passed through a charging station 35 exposure station 37, and developing-cleaning station 38; In a first mode of operation, stations 35, 37 being operative to form a latent image and station 38 being operative to develop the image and in a second mode stations 35, 37 being inoperative and station 38 being operative to clean residual developer from the photo-conductor. As shown, station 38 comprises a magnetic brush 49 which may be alternately biased with opposite polarities for developing and cleaning respectively. Preferably a pre-clean corona discharge station 47 becomes operative when station 38 is in the cleaning mode. A control circuit is described Fig.5 (not shown), for imaging and cleaning different segments of the photoconductor 23 in sequence. Developers. The carrier may be steel particles coated with Teflon (R.T.M.) primer and Teflon enamel. The toner may be a mixture of polystyrene /n-butylmethacrylate, maleic anhydride - polyhydric alcohol resin - modified resin, polyvinyl stearate and carbon black.
Patent GB-1281380-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L29/00
Filed: 1969-10-09
Abstract: 1281380 Semi-conductor devices PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 9 Oct 1969 [12 Oct 1968] 49688/69 Heading H1K A semi-conductor device includes a region 3 of one conductivity type, a region 4 of the opposite conductivity type, and at least one further region, 6, also of the opposite conductivity type extending laterally around the region 4 and forming guard ring(s), the surface of the device including an insulating layer 8 on which is formed a conductive layer, part 16 of which extends laterally around region 4 within the innermost guard ring, and part 18 of which makes contact to the region 3 beyond the guard ring(s). Parts 16 and 18 of the conductive layer are joined by narrow portions (17), Fig. 1 (not shown). The device may be a diode, or a transistor, as shown, including emitter region 11 of the one conductivity type, interdigitated with base region 4. Part 20 of the collector region 3 may be heavily doped to form a low resistance contact to part 18. The parts 16, 18 may be continuous or discontinuous. In an alternative embodiment, the conductive layer may consist of the part 16 and a tab only extending to the region 3. The substrate may be of silicon, germanium or a III-V compound, and the insulation layer 8 may be of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride. Electrodes may be of gold plated molybdenum, or aluminium. Dopants may be of boron and phosphorus. The arrangement is said to provide a stable, high voltage device by reducing the surface charges normally induced in the layer 8 within the guard ring(s).
Patent GB-1095758-A (GB)
Title: Improved plant propagation
IPC: A01H4/00
Filed: 1964-12-07
Abstract: Orchids are propagated by placing a tissue mass containing cells capable of reproduction in a liquid nutrient solution, controlling the light intensity and temperature so that the tissue mass grows, dividing the grown mass into segments before differentiation occurs and subsequently treating the segments so that differentiation, shoot formation and normal development occurs.  The light intensity specified is less than 100 and about 30 foot candles and the temperature between 40 DEG F. and 85 DEG F.  The tissue mass may be in the form of seeds, or comprise nodes cut from the stem of the parent plant, the nodes being formed by placing the parent orchid in a darkened incubator so that it becomes etiolated.  The method is stated to be applicable also to carrots, grasses, tree peonies and oak trees.
Patent GB-1376359-A (GB)
Title: Electrostatic reproduction apparatus
IPC: G03G15/08
Filed: 1972-10-31
Abstract: 1376359 Electrostatic printing INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 31 Oct 1972 [17 Dec 1971] 50057/72 Heading G2H In an electrostatic printer using cascade developer the developer mix is continuously sampled by a device 51 which feeds it to the top of a vertical column 53 having a shutter valve 57 associated with the lower end thereof. A lamp 59 is directed to project a beam through a window 55 in the column 53 and reflective from the mix passing down the column is received by a photo-sensitive transducer 61 which passes a signal to a logic 63 for passage to a logic 79 where it is compared with a signal from the same transducer but derived from another source. This other source is a segment 65, on a rotating disc, which is caused to pass into the beam from the lamp 59. Four segments are associated with the disc all of such reflective property that each represents a standard acceptable developer mix. Measurement from a particular segment is chosen through actuation of a switch 183 the passage of the chosen segment across the window causing actuation of a switch 75. The logic 79 switches on toner replenishment device if the mix is deficient in toner. Whilst the actual measurements are being taken flow of the sample mix material down the column 53 is prevented by closure of the valve 57.
Patent GB-1398835-A (GB)
Title: Device for measuring oxygen activity in liquid sodium
IPC: G01N33/20
Filed: 1973-10-29
Abstract: 1398835 Solid electrolyte cell UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION 29 Oct 1973 [15 Nov 1972] 50186/73 Heading G1N A device for measuring oxygen activity in liquid sodium comprises a solid ceramic electrolyte having a layer of thoria-yttria and a layer of zirconia-calcia and align impedance voltmeter connected across the electrolyte. Electrical contacts are formed on the ceramic layers and in use the thoria-yttria layer contacts the sodium and zirconia-calcia a gaseous reference electrode. The preferred compositions are (by weight) ThO 2  with 7.5% Y 2 O 3  and ZrO 2  with 9-15% CaO. As shown, the electrolyte is in the form of a tube 10 with closed bottom 12 of 1 mm thick zirconia- 15% calcia 11 and 0.5 mm thick thoria-7À5% yttria. A platinum layer 17 form an air or oxygen reference electrode and the other electrode 20 is submerged in molten sodium 21. In an alternative embodiment, a zirconia-calcia disc is formed on a thoria-yttria disc and the thoria-yttria disc is fixed by a metal to ceramic seal in a nickel tube. The electrode contacts may also be of gold. Manufacture of electrolyte A zirconia-15% calcia tube with closed end is slip cast and green fired. Thoria-7À5% yttria is plasma sprayed over the tube and the composite is sintered in hydrogen or vacuum at 2000 C to 85% of theoretical density. The bottom and inner surfaces of the tube are then coated with gold and refired at 700‹C. In alternative embodiments the zirconia-calcia tube may be formed by isostatic compression and the composite tube may be formed by slip casting, coating and recasting or by slip casting, coating and isostatic pressing or by co-extrusion.
Patent GB-1062619-A (GB)
Title: Improved magnetic field producing apparatus
IPC: H01F7/20
Filed: 1964-12-10
Abstract: 1,062,619. Electric coils. SOCIETE GENERAL DE CONSTRUCTIONS ELECTRIQUES ET MECANIQUES (ALSTHOM). Dec. 10, 1964 [Dec. 12, 1963], No. 50337/64. Heading H1P. An assembly comprising a short coil unit centrally located within the hollow bore of an axially longer coil is stated to consume less power than a single coil unit when producing a given flux density at a point on the axis of the inner coil. Preferably the outer diameter and length of the inner coil unit are three times the bore diameter and the ratio of the induction of the inner coil to the total induction of the coil assembly is where K 1  and K 2  are the reciprocal value of the square of the form factor of the inner and outer coils respectively, and α 1  is the ratio outer/inner, diameter of the inner coil. A preferable value for # = 0726. The coils may be constructed of a stack of coaxial discs with adjacent discs joined by fusion as necessary to give the required characteristics.
Patent GB-1292716-A (GB)
Title: 03-polycarbonalkyl-18-norpregnenes
IPC: C07J5/00
Filed: 1970-02-04
Abstract: 1292716 13 - Polycarbonalkyl - 18 - norpregnenes AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORP 4 Feb 1970 [5 Feb 1969] 50433/71 Divided out of 1292715 Heading C2U Novel steroids of the formula  where R is C 2-6  alkyl, including their mixtures with their l-enantiomorphs, are prepared from the following starting materials and intermediates where R<SP>2#1</SP> is C 2-6  alkanoyl and R<SP>4</SP> is C 1-6  alkyl. (II) # (III) is effected with an organic peracid and then a mineral acid, (III) # (IV) by reduction with an alkali or alkaline earth metal in liquid ammonia or a liquid amine, (IV) # (V) with a hydride transfer agent, (V) # (VI) by alkanoylation, (VI) # (VII) by dehydration, (VII) # (VIII) by reaction with a de-alkanoylating agent, (VIII) # (IX) by Birch reduction, (IX) # (X) by mild hydrolysis, (X) # (XI) by reaction with a methenylating agent, and (XI) # (I) by reaction with an oxidative hydroxylating agent such as OsO 4  used alone or in catalytic amount together with an amine oxide peroxide. Steroids of the Formula (II) are prepared by ethynylating the corresponding 17-ones and then hydrogenating the 17α-ethynyl-17#-ols produced. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,179,621.
Patent GB-1082020-A (GB)
Title: Cylinder unit for moving a coal face conveyor
IPC: E21F13/08
Filed: 1964-12-11
Abstract: 1,082,020. Coal face conveyers. H. BEUKENBERG, H. BEUKENBERG and K. BEUKENBERG, [trading as MASCHINENFABRIK GLUCKAUF GUNTHER KLERNER]. Dec.11, 1964 [Dec. 19, 1963], No. 60568/64. Heading B8A. A cylinder unit 5 for moving a coal face conveyer 4 is protected by a tube 12 and is guided in an " eye  13 detachably secured to a bracket 14 of a support 2. The " eye " 13 permits limited vertical movement of the unit 5 which is pivoted at 7 to a further support bracket 8. The unit 5 is connected to an inverted T-shaped member 11 which bears against the side wall of the conveyer 4. Holes 17 enable the unit 5 to be connected to the T-shaped member 11 at alternative positions. Pairs of supports 1, 2 are alternately movable by means of a cylinder 3. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), there are four pairs of supports.
Patent GB-1327669-A (GB)
Title: Slide container
IPC: G03B23/02
Filed: 1971-11-01
Abstract: 1327669 Slide containers EASTMAN KODAK CO 1 Nov 1971 [2 Nov 1970] 50619/71 Heading G2A A slide container or viewer comprises two trough sections 1, 3 which can fit together either in a closed (or storage) position, or in an open (or viewing) position. As shown, the slides 6 are located in the bottom trough section 1, and are biased against the front wall 1a by a pressure plate 2 urged by a conical helical spring 5. The plate can be displaced against the spring by means accessible externally, and has a split pin 2a which can enter a hole 1h in the rear wall and so lock the plate in the retracted position. The upper trough section 3 has a viewing lens in the front section, the rear section 3g forming a focusing screen. Lower section 1 has a slot 1c at the front end, and upper section 3 a corresponding slot 3c with guiding ledges 3e and 3f. When the two sections are mounted side by side, pins 1d on section 1 fitting into bores 3d on section 3, as shown in Fig. 3, slides may be moved across one by one from the storage section 1 to the viewing section 3. After viewing, the slide is removed and returned to section 1 by inserting it between plate 2 and the last slide of the stack.
Patent GB-1208417-A (GB)
Title: Vacuum-operable units for use with ignition distributors
Inventor: COOKSEY WILLIAM HAROLD
IPC: F02P5/10
Filed: 1966-11-14
Abstract: 1,208,417. 417. Timing ignition. JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd. Nov.1, 1967 [Nov.14, 1966], No.50875/66. Heading F1B A vacuum operable unit for use with a distribution includes a casing 1920, a diaphriam 23 dividing the casing into first and second chambers 21, 22 a plunger 26 slidably received in the first chamber 21, the plunger being secured at one end to the diaphram and extending at its other end from the first chamber for connection to the distributer so that axial movement of the plunger varies the ignition timing of the distributer, first and second conduits 41, 37 communicating with the first and second chambers respectively, first resilient means 36 within the second chamber for resisting movement of the diaphram in a direction to reduce the volume of the second chamber and sealing means 28 acting between the wall of the first chamber and the plunger to seal the first chamber while allowing relative movement between the plunger and the wall of the first chamber Second resilient means within the first chamber acts on the disphram to resist reduction of the volume of the first chamber, the diaphram being urged under the influence of the first and second resilient means to a rest position corresponding to the normal zero advance position of the distributer with which the unit is to be associated. The application to the second chamber of the varying pressure at the air inlet side of the throttle valve of the engine, during normal running of the engine, serves to control the normal ignition advance of the distributer from and retard to the zero advance position. The application of the reduced pressure at the inlet manifold of the engine, during over-run or idling conditions, to the first chamber serves to control retardation of the ignition timing of the distribution from the normal zero advance position.
Patent GB-1467150-A (GB)
Title: Torch-ignition reciprocating internal combustion engine
IPC: F02B19/10
Filed: 1974-11-27
Abstract: 1467150 Pre-combustion chambers NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 27 Nov 1974 [27 Nov 1973] 51290/74 Heading F1B Fuel lean mixture introduced into an I.C. engine main combustion chamber 18 through a port 17 with a swirling motion 30 is ignited by a jet of flame directed into a radially outer region of chamber 18 through an inclined passage 26 leading from a pre-combustion chamber 24 in which a fuel rich mixture is ignited by spark-plug 32. The axis 34 of passage 26 is displaced in the direction of swirl 30 by an angle α of between 0 and 90 degrees, preferably between 20 and 60 degrees, from a plane 36 containing the cylinder axis 22 and passing through the centre 38 of the inlet 40 of passage 26. The passage axis is also inclined at an angle # of between 30 and 60 degrees to a line 44 parallel to the cylinder axis. The construction reduces emission of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
Patent GB-1164060-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Fastening-Pins
IPC: F16B19/00
Filed: 1967-11-13
Abstract: 1,164,060. Making spring pins. W. HEDTMANN K.G. 13 Nov., 1967 [16 Nov., 1966], No. 51438/67. Heading B3A. [Also in Division F2] A hollow cylindrical cotter pin is made from a metal strip by folding the strip through 180 degrees and bending the double layer strip into cylindrical shape with a slit 10 defined by the folded edge 4 and the strip edge 5 and a slit cover 3 formed by the inner layer. The strip can be folded so that the edges are superimposed, Fig. 1 (not shown), or so that one edge is recessed behind the other. The lateral edges of the strip are chamfered (7), (8) to facilitate insertion into bore holes. The double layer strip is bent by rolling into a cylinder and the inner layer projects beyond the edge of the outer layer. In the embodiment where the strip is not folded about the centre line either layer can be innermost of the pin to provide large or small covers. The slit preferably extends longitudinally of the pin although it can be helical, at an angle to the axis of the pin, or in consecutive teeth-like curves.
Patent GB-1286525-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to glass
IPC: C03C10/00
Filed: 1969-10-21
Abstract: 1286525 Strengthening glass CARL-ZEISSSTIFTUNG 21 Oct 1969 [24 Oct 1968] 51486/69 Heading C1M A glass body, which does not contain crystal nucleus formers in sufficient quantity to initiate crystallization, is mechanically strengthened by applying to the surface a thin, uniformly crystalline primary layer which is capable of generating in the glass surface a secondary crystalline layer of substantially identical crystal structure, and causing the primary layer to react with the glass to form the secondary layer by a heat-treatment, glass crystals separating out in the secondary layer which have a smaller thermal expansion coefficient than the initial glass. The primary layer may be applied by coating the glass with an organic and/or inorganic liquid or solution, e.g. by spraying or dipping, and then pyrolysing or drying and causing the layer to crystallize. The liquid may comprise alkylates of silicon, aluminium and lithium, if the base glass is a lithium alumino-silicate. A suitable base glass has the composition (in weight per cent):- SiO 2  52À3-68À0 B 2 O 3  and/or P 2 O 5  0 -14À6 Alkaline earth oxide 0 -10À1 Alkali metal oxide 5À3-17À7 Li 2 O 2À0- 8À6 Al 2 O 3  2À5-32À0 ZrO 2  0 - 2 PbO 0 - 4 As 2 O 3  0 - 0À5 where (SiO 2 +B 2 O 3 +P 2 O 5 ) is at least 55À5. The resultant glasses may be transparent by suitable choice of refractive indices of the original glass and of the crystal phases.
Patent GB-1328274-A (GB)
Title: Spectrally super sensitized silver halide photographic emulsions
IPC: G03C1/29
Filed: 1970-10-29
Abstract: 1328274 Photographic supersensitized silver halide emulsions FUJI PHOTO FILM CO Ltd 29 Oct 1970 [29 Oct 1969] 51596/70 Heading G2C [Also in Division C4] Photographic silver halide emulsions are supersensitized in the wavelength region 510-530 millimicrons by the presence of at least one dye of Formula I:- where R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4  are each alkyl or substituted alkyl, at least one of R 3  and R 4  being sulphoalkyl, Z 1  and Z 2  each completing a benzimidazole nucleus, X<SP>#</SP> 1  being an anion and p being O or 1, p being O when the dye forms an intramolecular salt, and at least one dye of Formula II:- where Z 3  completes a quinoline nucleus, Z 4  completes a benzothiazole or benzoselenazole nucleus substituted by COOH, carboxylicester, carbamoyl or an acyl group, R 5  and R 6  are each alkyl or substituted alkyl, at least one being sulphoalkyl, X<SP>#</SP> 2  is an acid anion and q has the same meaning as p.
Patent GB-1530608-A (GB)
Title: Method for producing r-plane single crystal alpha alumina in massive form having substantially circular cross-section
IPC: C30B29/20
Filed: 1975-12-18
Abstract: 1530608 Single crystal alumina UNION CARBIDE CORP 18 Dec 1975 [20 Dec 1974] 51773/75 Heading B1S [Also in Division Cl] A massive R-plane α-alumina monocrystal of substantially circular cross-section is made by (a) heating alumina to at least 2040‹C to form a melt; (b) inserting into the melt a seed rod of unicrystalline α-alumina having an orientation such that its longitudinal axis is normal to an R-plane of the seed rod; (c) maintaining an atmosphere over the melt which is substantially chemically inert to the melt; (d) withdrawing the seed rod so as to pull a massive unicrystalline product having a growth axis common with the longitudinal axis of the seed and (e) rotating the seed rod at such a speed that the major axis of an elongated end portion facet 64 (Fig. 4), lying in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the formed monocrystal, is at an angle of 90Œ15 ‹ to the plane defined by the C-axis and the longitudinal axis of the monocrystal. In Examples, bowls of about 2.4 ins. dia. are pulled using seed rods rotating at 10 rpm.