baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent TW-202122452-A (TW)
Title: Unsaturated polyester resin, preparation method and use thereof
Inventor: Guo yong-jun
IPC: C08K5/101
Filed: 2020-06-12
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an unsaturated polyester resin, preparation method and use thereof. The unsaturated polyester resin is prepared from raw materials of the following parts by mass: prepolymer 50-90 parts; styrene 10-30 parts; methyl methacrylate 5-15 parts; triglycidyl isocyanurate 5-15 parts; the prepolymer is composed of a polyol, a benzene-containing polyacid and an unsaturated polyacid with a molar ratio of (2.2-4.5): (1-1.5): (1-1.5); the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups to carboxyl groups in the prepolymer is (1.0-1.5): 1. The unsaturated polyester resin has both good yellowing resistance and good heat resistance, and the heat distortion temperature is generally higher than 130℃.
Patent TW-202114660-A (TW)
Title: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor conjugates
Inventor: BISEK NICOLA
IPC: A61K47/69
Filed: 2020-06-19
Abstract: The present invention relates to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (“TKI”) conjugate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein said conjugate comprises a plurality of TKI moieties -D covalently conjugated via at least one moiety -L 1 
-L 2 
- to a polymeric moiety Z, wherein -L 1 
- is covalently and reversibly conjugated to -D and -L 2 
- is covalently conjugated to Z and wherein -L 1 
- is a linker moiety and -L 2 
- is a chemical bond or a spacer moiety; and to related aspects.
Patent TW-202106434-A (TW)
Title: Solder alloy, cast article, formed article, and solder joint
Inventor: YOSHIKAWA SHUNSAKU
IPC: C22C13/00
Filed: 2020-06-22
Abstract: Provided are a solder alloy with which it is possible to cast a cast article having a desired thickness, a cast article, a formed article, and a solder joint. The solder alloy has an alloy composition comprising, in terms of mass%, 0.1-2.0% of Cu, 0.01-0.4% of Ni, 0.001-0.08% of P, and 0.001-0.08% of Ge, the balance being Sn. The alloy composition satisfies expressions (1) to (3). Expression (1): (Cu + 5Ni) ≤ 0.945% Expression (2): (P + Ge) ≤ 0.15% Expression (3): 2.0 ≤ (Cu + 5Ni)/(P + Ge) ≤ 1000 In expressions (1) to (3), Cu, Ni, P, and Ge each represent component contents (in mass%) within the solder alloy.
Patent TW-202200461-A (TW)
Title: 杯蓋
Inventor: CHANG CHING-WEN
IPC: B65D47/14
Filed: 2020-06-24
Abstract: 本發明關於一種杯蓋，包括：一本體，設有一貫孔；及一蓋體，蓋設於該貫孔，包括一蓋部、一連接於該蓋部之身部、一供連通外部空間之透氣孔及一遮蔽部，該身部圍構一內部空間，該遮蔽部設於該內部空間且圍構至少一連通於該透氣孔與該貫孔之間之通孔，至少一該通孔朝該蓋體之一軸向開放。
Patent TW-202201867-A (TW)
Title: 雷射元件
Inventor: HSAIO CHANG-TAI
IPC: H01S5/024
Filed: 2020-06-24
Abstract: 一種雷射元件，包含一載板、一雷射單元、稜鏡、基座、圍欄、以及透鏡。雷射單元，位於載板之上表面上，且具有一出光面；稜鏡，設置於載板之上表面上，用以改變雷射單元所發出之一光束的一行進方向；基座位於雷射單元以及載板之間，且具有一側面面向稜鏡；圍欄設置於載板之上表面上，圍繞雷射單元及稜鏡；透鏡位於圍欄上並覆蓋圍欄、雷射單元以及稜鏡；雷射單元的出光面突出於基座的側面。
Patent TW-202202267-A (TW)
Title: Chain-type tool magazine capable of stably conveying tool socket and firmly coupling tool socket with moving unit without risk of being loosened
Inventor: CHANG CHING-SAN
IPC: B23Q3/157
Filed: 2020-07-13
Abstract: A chain-type tool magazine comprises a rail, and a plurality of moving units that are connected in series to form a chain capable of moving along the rail. Each moving unit is coupled with a tool socket. The tool socket is inseparably coupled with the corresponding moving unit through a locking unit. The locking state of the locking unit can be released through an unlocking unit, so that the tool socket can be separated from the moving unit. Moreover, a tool conveying mechanism is disposed on one side of the rail and corresponded to a tool pick-up position on the rail for driving the tool socket that is located at the tool pick-up position and had been unlocked to move toward a tool exchanging mechanism. Thus, the present invention may achieve the effects that the the tool socket may be stably conveyed and the tool socket may be firmly coupled with the moving unit without the risk of being loosened.
Patent TW-202202536-A (TW)
Title: 具有高耐熱性的水性壓克力樹脂、其聚合性組合物及其製備方法
Inventor: LIAO TE-CHAO
IPC: C08F2/24
Filed: 2020-07-14
Abstract: 本發明公開一種具有高耐熱性的水性壓克力樹脂及其聚合性組合物，聚合性組合物包括一單體組合物以及一反應型乳化劑。基於100重量百分比的單體組合物，單體組合物包括含烷基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含羧基的(甲基)丙烯酸、含烯類不飽和官能基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含羥基的聚酯丙烯酸多元醇和/或含羥基的聚醚丙烯酸多元醇以及含烷氧基的有機矽。本發明的具有高耐熱性的水性壓克力樹脂可以提高合成皮表面處理用水性處理劑的應用性。
Patent TW-202207098-A (TW)
Title: Method of validating learning outcomes of a student
Inventor: Zhan da-wei
IPC: G06Q10/06
Filed: 2020-08-03
Abstract: A method of validating learning outcomes of a student is disclosed. In the method, a teaching application includes a validation program to determine an execution score and a completion rate for the student's execution result, the teaching application includes a task database storing task packages which are teaching contents previously taught to the student, and the task package include a sub-task package for the student to execute tasks, the sub-task package includes a validation program for acceptance of the execution result and statistics of an execution score and a completion rate. According to the insufficiency of the student in response to the student's execution score and the completion rate displayed on the teaching application, the teaching application automatically assigns the student to challenge the failed task again or assigns a remedial task to the student, so as to improve the student in knowledge or skills learned in course.
Patent TW-202209334-A (TW)
Inventor: Lu chao-chun
IPC: G11C16/26
Filed: 2020-08-17
Abstract: A dynamic random access memory (DRAM) includes a DRAM cell and a word-line, the DRAM cell includes an access transistor and a storage capacitor, and the word-line is coupled to a gate terminal of the access transistor. During a period between the word-line being selected to turn on the access transistor and the word-line being unselected to turn off the access transistor, either a first voltage level or a second voltage level is stored in the DRAM cell, wherein the first voltage level is higher than a voltage level of a signal ONE utilized in the DRAM, and the second voltage level is lower than a voltage level of a signal ZERO utilized in the DRAM.
Patent TW-202209583-A (TW)
Inventor: TSAI HSIN-CHANG
IPC: H01L23/28
Filed: 2020-08-28
Abstract: 一種智慧功率模組封裝結構，包括絕緣散熱基板、多個功率元件、控制晶片、導線架以及密封體。絕緣散熱基板具有第一表面與相對於第一表面的第二表面。功率元件配置於第一表面上。控制晶片配置於第一表面上。控制晶片具有驅動多個功率元件的閘極驅動功能以及脈衝寬度調變功能。導線架接合於第一表面上。功率元件與控制晶片與導線架電性連接。密封體至少包覆功率元件、控制晶片與部份導線架，且部份第二表面暴露於密封體外。
Patent TW-202129400-A (TW)
Title: Transmissive diffuser
Inventor: KLUGKIST JOOST ANDRE
IPC: G03F1/24
Filed: 2020-10-08
Abstract: A diffuser is configured to receive and transmit radiation. The diffuser comprises a scattering layer configured to scatter the received radiation, the scattering layer comprising a first substance and having distributed therein a plurality of voids. The first substance may be a scattering substance, or alternatively, at least one of the voids may contain the scattering substance and the first substance has a lower refractive index than the scattering substance.
Patent TW-202130805-A (TW)
Inventor: SAKUMA KENSUKE
IPC: C12N5/071
Filed: 2020-10-20
Abstract: 本發明的目的是提供一種將與經分化誘導之胰島素分泌細胞共存之非內分泌性的目標外細胞去除的方法。本發明係關於產生胰島素之細胞集團的製造方法，包含以PLK阻礙劑處理由多能性幹細胞所分化誘導之產生胰島素之細胞集團的步驟。
Patent TW-202217781-A (TW)
Title: 畫素電路
Inventor: LIAO PO-SHENG
IPC: G09G3/32
Filed: 2020-10-27
Abstract: 一種畫素電路，包含發光單元、第一電晶體、第二電晶體、控制電路、補償單元、重置單元、儲存電容與寫入單元。第一電晶體依據第一發光訊號將第一驅動訊號傳遞至第一節點。第二電晶體耦接於第一與第二節點之間，且其控制端耦接第三節點。控制電路根據第二發光訊號導通發光單元、第二節點與第四節點。補償單元根據第一掃描訊號記錄第二電晶體的臨界電壓於第三節點。重置單元根據第二掃描訊號傳遞參考電壓至第二節點。儲存電容耦接於第三節點與第四節點之間。寫入單元提供資料電壓至第四節點。第一和第二發光訊號具有第一脈波寬度與第一固定相位差，且第一與第二掃描訊號具有第二脈波寬度與第二固定相位差。
Patent TW-202130859-A (TW)
Title: Electrolyte solution production device
Inventor: IMAHORI OSAMU
IPC: C25B13/02
Filed: 2020-11-16
Abstract: An electrolyte solution production device is provided with: an electrolysis unit which has a layered body having conductive films and electrodes that are stacked in such a manner that each of the conductive films is intercalated between adjacent any two of the electrodes and which can electrolyze a liquid; and a housing in which the electrolysis unit is arranged. The housing is provided with an inflow port through which a liquid to be fed to the electrolysis unit can flow in and an outflow port through which an electrolyte solution produced in the electrolysis unit can flow out. Each of the conductive films protrudes toward the inner surface of the housing, and has a projecting part which is arranged so as to align each of the conductive films relative to the housing. According to this configuration, an electrolyte solution production device can be provided, in which the size of each of conductive films can be reduced and the alignment of each of the conductive films relative to the housing can be achieved easily.
Patent TW-202126523-A (TW)
Title: Child carrier
Inventor: CHENG KENNY QIN-MING
IPC: B62B7/08
Filed: 2020-11-24
Abstract: The present invention discloses a child carrier including a frame and wheels provided on the frame. The wheels include a first and a second wheel, the first wheel being rotatable relative to the frame. The child carrier further includes a second wheel rotary part, a second wheel latch, and an operating part. The second wheel and the second wheel rotary part are pivotally connected with each other, the second wheel rotary part is pivotally connected with the frame, the second wheel latch has a locking position and an unlocking position relative to the second wheel rotary part. The second wheel latch unlocks the second wheel rotary part for rotation of the second wheel relative to the frame, and the second wheel latch locks the second wheel rotary part to fix the direction of the second wheel relative to the frame. The operating part is provided on the frame, and is operable to cause the second wheel latch to switch from the locking position to the unlocking position. When a turnaround or transversal displacement is needed in a limited space, the operating part is operated to cause switching of the second wheel latch from the locking position to the unlocking position, thereby allowing rotation of the first and second wheels.
Patent TW-202143437-A (TW)
Inventor: SIDDIK MANZAR
IPC: H01L25/18
Filed: 2020-12-04
Abstract: Semiconductor devices and semiconductor device packages may include at least one first semiconductor die supported on a first side of a substrate. The at least one first semiconductor die may include a first active surface. A second semiconductor die may be supported on a second, opposite side of the substrate. The second semiconductor die may include a second active surface located on a side of the second semiconductor die facing the substrate. The second semiconductor die may be configured to have higher median power consumption than the at least one first semiconductor die during operation. An electronic system incorporating a semiconductor device package is disclosed, as are related methods.
Patent TW-202138678-A (TW)
Title: Improved bushing assembly and positive displacement rotary pump comprising said bushing assembly
Inventor: ROSSI MANUELE
IPC: F04C2/22
Filed: 2020-12-11
Abstract: Improved bushing assembly (10) for supporting the shafts of the intermeshed rotors of a positive displacement rotary pump avoiding jamming, said bushing assembly (10) comprising on a lateral surface (13) thereof at least one compensation tank (15; 16) facing a suction side of the pump and at least one bleed channel (14) which connects said compensation tank (15; 16) to the discharge side.
Patent TW-202132680-A (TW)
Inventor: JUNGE MICHAEL
IPC: G02F1/1343
Filed: 2020-12-15
Abstract: 本發明係關於用於調節光穿透之裝置且特定言之可切換窗。本發明特定言之係關於窗元件，該等窗元件包含具有經垂直對準之液晶層的可切換光學單元，其中將預傾斜角設定在77°至88°之範圍內。
Patent TW-202132453-A (TW)
Title: Resin composition for solar cell encapsulating material, solar cell encapsulating material, manufacturing method of solar cell encapsulating material, and solar cell module
Inventor: NAGAYAMA Kei
IPC: C09K3/10
Filed: 2020-12-15
Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition for solar cell encapsulating material, in which the resin composition used for forming the solar cell encapsulating material comprises: an ethylene-polar monomer copolymer (A1) selected from at least one of ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer and ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer, an epoxy group-containing ethylene-based copolymer (A2) (excluding the above ethylene/polar monomer copolymer (A1)), an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (B), and a metal deactivator (C).
Patent TW-202136246-A (TW)
Title: Compounds for electronic devices
Inventor: PARHAM AMIR HOSSAIN
IPC: H05B33/22
Filed: 2020-12-16
Abstract: The present application relates to a compound of a formula (I), to the use thereof in electronic devices, to processes for preparing the compound, and electronic devices comprising the compound.
Patent TW-202130631-A (TW)
Inventor: BONAZZI SIMONE
IPC: A61K31/5377
Filed: 2020-12-16
Abstract: 本揭露關於具有式(I)之化合物和藥物組成物以及它們在降低寬間隔的鋅指模體(WIZ)表現水平、或誘導胎兒血紅蛋白(HbF)表現、和在治療遺傳性血液病(血紅蛋白病，例如β-血紅蛋白病)，例如鐮狀細胞病和β-地中海貧血中之用途。
Patent TW-202229141-A (TW)
Title: Conveying material system and method of conveying material
Inventor: WU TI
IPC: B65G35/08
Filed: 2020-12-22
Abstract: A conveying material system is provided. The conveying material system includes a plurality of foundation piles, a plurality of temporary support frames, a plurality of horizontal tracks, a plurality of horizontal working platform, and at least one vertical working platform. These foundation piles are arranged in at least three parallel lines. One of the temporary support frames is corresponding to one of the foundation piles. The temporary support frame is locked to the corresponding foundation pile. The horizontal track is on the temporary support frame. The horizontal working platform includes two parallel vertical tracks. The horizontal working platform is disposed on the horizontal rail in a movable manner. The vertical working platform is disposed on the longitudinal rail in a movable manner. The vertical track is perpendicular to the transverse track.
Patent TW-202140425-A (TW)
Title: Crystals of hydroxychloroquine sulfate
Inventor: CHEN JEN
IPC: C07D215/46
Filed: 2020-12-30
Abstract: Two crystals of (S)-(+)-hydroxychloroquine sulfate. One crystal features diffraction peaks at 12.3 + 0.1º, 13.1 + 0.1º, 17.9 + 0.1º, 22.8 + 0.1º, 23.4 + 0.1º, 25.1 + 0.1º, and 26.3 + 0.1º as 2θ angles in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern. The other crystal features diffraction peaks at 12.8 + 0.1º, 14.5 + 0.1º, 16.7 + 0.1º, 17.6 + 0.1º, 20.2 + 0.1º, 21.4 + 0.1º, 23.8 + 0.1º, 25.7 + 0.1º, and 26.0 + 0.1º as 2θ angles in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern. Also disclosed are methods of preparing crystals of (S)-(+)-hydroxychloroquine sulfate.
Patent TW-202117101-A (TW)
Title: Vapor deposition apparatus and techniques using high purity polymer derived silicon carbide
Inventor: LAND MARK S
IPC: C30B25/18
Filed: 2017-03-17
Abstract: Organosilicon chemistry, polymer derived ceramic materials, and methods. Such materials and methods for making polysilocarb (SiOC) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) materials having 3-nines, 4-nines, 6-nines and greater purity. Vapor deposition processes and articles formed by those processes utilizing such high purity SiOC and SiC.
Patent TW-202135181-A (TW)
Title: Plating laminate
Inventor: YOSHIBA KENJI
IPC: C23C18/31
Filed: 2021-02-04
Abstract: The present invention provides a plating laminate (laminate of plating film) to be applied to a surface of a conductor circuit or the likes, which can maintain high bonding strength when solder-bonding is applied onto it and can be stably manufactured. 
 
     After precipitating a plating layer A containing a second metal as a main component on an object to be plated S whose main component is a first metal, a plating layer B containing a third metal as a main component is precipitated on the plating layer A by substitution reaction, and after that, a plating layer C containing the second 
metal, the third metal, or a fourth metal as a main component is further precipitated on the plating layer B by redox reaction. For a specific structure of the plating layer, for example, the plating layer A is gold, platinum or silver, the plating layer B is palladium, and the plating layer C is palladium.
Patent TW-202237033-A (TW)
Inventor: SHIUE TSUEY-HUEY
IPC: A61B5/24
Filed: 2021-03-17
Abstract: The present invention discloses a health management system using contactless physiological measurement technology. The health management system principally comprises an image capturing module and a core processor, wherein the core processor is particularly configured to have a face detection unit and an activity index calculating unit. The image capturing module is used for acquiring a user image from a user, such that the face detection unit subsequently detects a face portion from the user image by using a face feature recognition algorithm. On the other hand, the activity index calculating unit is configured for executing multiple first signal process to a physiological signal, thereby generating a plurality of activity indexes with respect to the user. The activity indexes including health, activity, stability, relaxation, metabolism, and balance. As a result, the core processor is able to achieve an evaluation of the user's immediate physiological activity according to the forgoing activity indexes.
Patent TW-202208244-A (TW)
Title: Atmospheric pressure remote plasma CVD device, film formation method, and plastic bottle manufacturing method
Inventor: NISHIYAMA MASANORI
IPC: B65D23/08
Filed: 2021-03-24
Abstract: A plasma CVD device which comprises a substrate having a three-dimensional shape such as that of a bottle and which can form a coating on the surface of various substrates under atmospheric pressure, and a coating forming method are provided. This atmospheric pressure remote plasma CVD device is provided with a dielectric chamber which has a gas inlet, an inner space and a plasma outlet, and a plasma generation device which generates plasma in the inner space. The plasma outlet is provided with a nozzle that has an opening area smaller than the average cross-sectional area of the cross-sections perpendicular to the direction of gas flow in the inner space.
Patent TW-202203126-A (TW)
Title: Credit line processing method and device and user resource processing method and device
Inventor: Gu xin-xin
IPC: G06K9/62
Filed: 2021-03-26
Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides a credit line processing method, a credit line processing device, a user resource processing method and a user resource processing device. The credit line processing method comprises the steps of: acquiring identity information inputted by a target user and plot information of a crop plot; displaying a map page to the target user; if a labeling action inputin the map page is detected, determining plot boundary information corresponding to the labeling action; calculating a labeling area of the crop plot based on the plot boundary information; and determining a credit line of the target user according to the labeling area, the plot information and user data acquired based on the identity information.
Patent TW-202142617-A (TW)
Inventor: KIM HYUN-KYU
IPC: C08L101/00
Filed: 2021-03-31
Abstract: The present invention relates to a tetraester-based plasticizer composition characterized in including a product derived from esterification reaction of an isomer mixture of hexanoic acid and a tetraol, wherein the degree of branching of the isomer mixture of hexanoic acid is 2.0 or less. If the plasticizer composition is applied to a resin, plasticization efficiency and absorption rate may be maintained to equal or better levels when compared to a case applying the conventional plasticizer, and mechanical properties, migration resistance, stress migration and loss properties may be markedly improved.
Patent TW-202136985-A (TW)
Title: Fingerprint identification module, chip and electronic device
Inventor: Sun tian-qi
IPC: G06F3/044
Filed: 2021-03-31
Abstract: The present application provides a fingerprint identification module, a fingerprint identification chip and an electronic device. The fingerprint identification module includes an encapsulation layer and a die. The die includes a pixel array sensing circuit, which includes a number of pixel circuits with matrix distribution. Each pixel circuit includes a first metal layer that detects fingerprint of the finger. A distance between a curved outer surface of the encapsulation layer and the first metal layer of the pixel circuit on each column of the encapsulation layer changes linearly proportionally to an arc of the curved outer surface of the encapsulation layer, and the surface area of the first metal layer of the pixel circuit on each column of the pixel array sensing circuit changes linearly proportionally to the arc of the curved outer surface of the package layer. The present application can solve a problem of poor fingerprint signal quality collected by the pixel array sensing circuit with the curved package layer, and a problem of an uneven noise volume.
Patent TW-202132549-A (TW)
Title: Liquid crystal aligning agent, liquid crystal alignment film and liquid crystal display element
Inventor: KIM A-RUM
IPC: G02F1/1337
Filed: 2017-09-29
Abstract: This liquid crystal aligning agent is characterized by containing: (A) at least one polymer selected from a polyamic acid and an imidized polymer thereof, said polyamic acid obtained using a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride component, which contains tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride represented by expression (1) and aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride in a ratio of 10:90 to 90:10, and a diamine component, which contains a diamine represented in expression (2); (B) at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyimide precursor, an imidized polymer of said polyimide precursor, and a photosensitive side-chain acrylic polymer which exhibits liquid crystallinity within a prescribed temperature range; and an organic solvent.
Patent TW-202246001-A (TW)
Title: Torque Structure greatly reduces probability of generating error from first indicator while in use
Inventor: GUO WEN-JIN
IPC: B25B23/14
Filed: 2021-05-26
Abstract: The invention relates to a torque structure comprising: a body, which is a torque wrench structure; a rod, which is arranged at one end of the body; an elastic body, which enables the torque structure to have torque escape effect, the elastic body acted to have torque change; at least one first indicator, which includes multiple scales arranged at unequal intervals, the multiple scales of the first indicator provided according to the torque change of the elastic body.
Patent TW-202212738-A (TW)
Inventor: LEE PIL-HYONG
IPC: F23D14/22
Filed: 2021-06-02
Abstract: The present invention presents a scrubber burner composed of a preheating spray ring that is formed with a porous material with certain thickness, and that preheats and sprays the fuel gas in the preheating combustion space formed inside, a preheating guide ring equipped with multiple preheating guide holes that wrap the outer circumference of the aforementioned preheating spray ring, and that penetrates from the outer circumference to the inner circumference, and a preheating burner module equipped with a housing that forms a ring shaped gas channel that is separated from the outer circumference of the aforementioned preheating guide ring and through which the aforementioned fuel gas flows.
Patent TW-202138939-A (TW)
Title: Process cartridge and image forming apparatus
Inventor: SUGIMOTO SOHTA
IPC: G03G21/18
Filed: 2017-03-03
Abstract: This process cartridge controls the driving and stopping of a development roller. The cartridge includes a drive transmission member that can move to a transmission position where a driving force can be transmitted to the development roller, and to a blocking position where the transmission of a driving force to the development roller can be blocked.
Patent TW-202249414-A (TW)
Inventor: Liu yun-li
IPC: H02P7/29
Filed: 2021-06-10
Abstract: 本發明公開一種馬達驅動控制系統。主控制器依據指示資訊，以調整初始脈波寬度調變訊號中的所有或部分脈波的頻率，經調整的各脈波的頻率等於第一預設頻率或第二預設頻率，依據調整後的初始脈波寬度調變訊號以輸出脈波寬度調變訊號。當馬達驅動器驅動馬達穩定運轉時，馬達驅動器將具有第一預設頻率的各脈波解碼為第一訊息，將具有第二預設頻率的各脈波解碼為第二訊息，以取得指示資訊，執行所有解碼出的第一訊息以及第二訊息所組合的指示資訊所指示的操作。