Patent GB-593405-A (GB)
Title: Improvements connected with the art of imparting scroop to fabrics
IPC: D06M13/224
Filed: 1943-06-17
Abstract: An oil-in-water emulsion for use in imparting scroop to a textile has, as the disperse phase, an ester of a higher fatty acid with an alcohol of the formula HO-(C2H4O)n-R in which R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having not more than six carbon atoms and n is a number from zero to three inclusive, and as a continuous phase an aqueous solution of a film-forming protective colloid.  The ester p may be one of lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic or oleic acid or the acids of coconut oil, palm oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, soya bean oil or corn oil or acids having from 12-20 carbon atoms formed by the oxidation of hydrocarbons with methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, amyl or hexyl alcohol or the mono-ethers of these alcohols with ethylene, diethylene and triethylene glycol, e.g., ethylene glycol, monomethyl, -ethyl, or -butyl ether, or diethylene glycol mono-ethyl, or -butyl ether.  Suitable film-forming protective colloids include gelatin, glue, gum arabic, gum ghatti, casein, methyl cellulose, gum tragacanth, gum karaya, soluble alginates, polyvinyl, alcohol, locust bean gum and casein-aluminium formate complex.  The emulsion may also contain emulsifying agents such as petroleum sulphonates, mahogany soaps, fatty alcohol sulphonates, salts of alkylated naphthalene sulphonates, e.g., sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate, acylated protein degradation products, higher alcohol secondary sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, such as sodium cetyl sulphonate, sulphated oils, condensates of alkylene oxides and fatty acids or fatty alcohols, soaps such as triethanolamine oleate, quaternary ammonium compounds, pyridinium compounds and oxazolidinium compounds.  Weakly acidic materials may be added to improve the scroop-imparting properties of the emulsion, examples being formic, acetic, lactic, glycolic, citric, tartaric, phthalic, maleic, succinic and malic acids, aluminium formates or acetates, ammonium lactate, ammonium oxalate, zinc acetate, zinc formate, aluminium sulphate, zinc sulphate, ammonium sulphamate, aluminium sulphamate, zinc sulphamate, monoammonium phosphate and di-ammonium phosphate. Other optional additions include preservatives such as pentachlor phenol and/or its sodium salt, sodium orthophenyl phenate, sodium benzoate and thymol, and extenders for the disperse phase such as mineral oils or small quantities of waxes.  Specifications 407,449, [Group IV], and 541,749 are referred to.ALSO:An oil-in-water emulsion for use in imparting scroop to a textile has, as the disperse phase, an ester of a higher fatty acid with an alcohol of the formula HO-(C2H4O)n-R in which R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having not more than six carbon atoms and n is a number from zero to three inclusive, and as a continuous phase an aqueous solution of a film-forming protective colloid.  The ester may be one of lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, or oleic acid or the acids of coconut oil, palm oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, soya bean oil or corn oil or acids having from 12-20 carbon atoms formed by the oxidation of hydrocarbons with methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, amyl or hexyl alcohol or the mono-ethers of these alcohols with ethylene, diethylene and triethylene glycol, e.g. ethylene glycol mono-methyl, -ethyl, or -butyl ether, or diethylene glycol mono-ethyl, or -butyl ether. Suitable film-forming protective colloids include gelatin, glue, gum arabic, gum ghatti, casein, methyl cellulose, gum tragacanth, gum karaya, soluble alginates, polyvinyl alcohol, locust bean gum and casein-aluminium formate complex.  The emulsion may also contain emulsifying agents such as petroleum sulphonates, mahogany soap, fatty alcohol sulphonates, salts of alkylated naphthalene sulphonates, e.g. sodium diisopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate, acylated protein degradation products, higher alcohol secondary sulphates, alkyl sulphonates such as sodium cetyl sulphonate, sulphated oils, condensates of alkylene oxides and fatty acids or fatty alcohol, soaps such as triethanolamine oleate, quaternary ammonium compounds, pyridinium compounds and oxazolidinium compounds.  Weakly acidic materials may be added to improve the scroop-imparting properties of the emulsion, examples being formic, acetic, lactic, glycolic, citric, tartaric, phthalic, maleic, succinic and malic acids, aluminium formates or acetates, ammonium lactate, ammonium oxalate, zinc acetate, zinc formate, aluminium sulphate, zinc sulphate, ammonium sulphamate, aluminium sulphamate, zinc sulphamate, monoammonium phosphate and di-ammonium phosphate. Other optional additions include preservatives such as pentachlor phenol and/or its sodium salt, sodium orthophenyl phenate, sodium benzoate and thymol and extenders for the disperse phase such as mineral oils or small quantities of waxes.  Examples describe the application of the emulsions to dyed cuprammonium yarn and rayon knit goods. Specifications 407,449 and 541,749 are referred to.