baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-416305-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to pectin and its manufacture
IPC: B41M5/10
Filed: 1932-12-03
Abstract: Apparatus for drying pectous pulp or pomace or for producing a pectous film from a pectous liquor comprises a smooth unencumbered heated surface, e.g. a revolving drum heated interiorly, e.g. by steam, or a disc or a travelling metallic belt, and a scraper or knife, e.g. a flexible blade of stainless steel, for removing the dried pomace particles or the film from the surface.  The film is usually obtained with a wavy irregular surface, but if desired a smooth film may be produced by drawing the film away from the knife as fast as it is formed.ALSO:A dry pectous film is manufactured by applying a relatively thin layer of pectous liquid directly to a smooth unencumbered heated surface, permitting the liquid to remain in contact with such surface sufficiently long to dry the liquid and form a substantially dry uniform coherent film which is then removed from the surface.  The pectous liquid may first be obtained as follows: A pectous pulp or pomace, obtained by expressing the juice from pectin-bearing material, e.g. apples, oranges, lemons, grape skins or banana peel, is subjected, if desired, after grinding, but preferably in the unground state, to a drying operation by applying it to a smooth heated surface, e.g. a revolving drum heated interiorly, a disc or a travelling metallic belt.  The temperature and time of drying are suitably co-ordinated, 12 seconds contact with a drum heated interiorly by steam at 17,5 pounds pressure (temperature 95 DEG  C.) being suitable.  The dried, somewhat tacky particles are removed by a suitable scraper or knife, e.g. a flexible blade of stainless steel, producing a film having an irregular surface of somewhat cr<\>zepe-like appearance, which can be folded to provide a laminated product filled with passages and channels.  The dried pomace, ground or unground, is then leached, extracted and clarified in known manner to produce the pectous liquor, which may be used directly for the film-forming process or first concentrated to a syrup.  The production of the film may be carried out in a similar manner to the drying of the pomace.  In the case of a syrup, a suitable thickness for the liquid film is ,05-,06 inch, and suitable heating periods are 20 seconds on a cylinder heated interiorly with steam at 18 pounds pressure (surface temperature 222 DEG  F., or 7,5 seconds with steam at 27 pounds pressure (244 DEG  F.).  The film may be removed as in the case of the dried pomace film, yielding a thin pectin film with a wavy irregular surface which may be folded to a laminated coherent mass filled with channels and passages.  If desired, the wavy surface may be eliminated and a smooth film produced by drawing the film away from the knife as fast as it is formed.
Patent GB-440295-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in programme selectors for telediffusion
IPC: H04M11/08
Filed: 1934-11-29
Abstract: 440,295. Electric signalling systems. FABRIQUES DES MONTRES ZENITH SUCCESSEUR DE FABRIQUES DES MONTRES ZENITH, G. FAVRE-JACOT & CIE, Le Locle, Switzerland. Nov. 29, 1934, No. 34301. Convention date, Dec. 2, 1933. [Class 40 (i)] In an impulse transmitter for selecting programmes in a broadcast distribution system which comprises two rotary discs 5, 7 connected by a tension spring 6, impulses being transmitted during the follow-up movement of the disc 7 after the disc 5 has been set, the discs are alternately locked by a double-ended lever 17 co-operating with notches therein, the disc 5 being normally locked. In operation, depression of the setting knob 4 rocks the lever 17 to release the disc 5 and lock the disc 7 by engagement of a bevelled collar 4<d> with an arm 18, thus allowing the disc 5 to be set by rotation of the knob 4. The disc 7 drives through suitable gearing two cam discs 11, 12 controlling respectively impulse springs 19 and springs 20 which short-circuit the loudspeaker, the movement being controlled by a governor. The normal relative position of the discs is determined by the engagement of studs 15, 16. The knob 4 carries an interchangeable indicator or number plate 28 which is visible through an opening 29. It is arranged that pairs of impulses are transmitted, the programme selector being provided with alternate blank positions, and the cam discs 11, 12 are such that the loudspeaker is cut out from the beginning of the first until the end of the second impulse of each pair. An out of step condition between the impulse transmitter and the programme selector may be corrected by repeated depression of a knob 23 which controls impulse springs 21 in parallel with the springs 19. Specifications 3420/15 and 192,055, [both in Class 40 (i)], are referred to.
Patent GB-653403-A (GB)
Title: A method of, and apparatus for, pasteurizing food liquids
IPC: A23L3/24
Filed: 1947-12-29
Abstract: 653,403. Sterilizing liquids. DUNLOP, S. (Murray Deodorizers, Ltd.). Dec. 29, 1947, No. 34450. [A Specification was laid open to'inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Dec. 29, 1947.] [Class 49] In pasteurizing food liquids liable to be injuriously affected chemically or in flavour by excessive heat, e.g. cream, milk, skim milk, buttermilk, whey, cream concentrate, ice-cream mix, the liquid is passed in diffused form through a pressure chamber, is there subjected to the direct but gentle action of steam which has previously been adjusted in temperature to approximately the boiling point of the liquid under the pressure within the chamber, the steam being applied at a desired temperature above the atmospheric boiling point of water and at a desired pressure above atmospheric, and is then passed, together with the excess of steam, to a region of lower pressure wherein any odoriferous volatile substances volatilize together with water vapour, and are removed. With the apparatus of the figure, cream is supplied continuously into the top of a pressure chamber A and is converted to a shower by means of a perforated tray 8, the shower is subjected to steam which enters the chamber A tangentially through a pipe 9 after having been humidified by water injected through a needle valve 10, the heated cream and excess of steam, raised to a temperature of 228‹F., passes into a chamber B in which a pressure lower than that in the chamber A is maintained by adjustment of a valve 4 in the connection between chambers A and B, and from the chamber B, wherein there is a drop in temperature of 50‹F., the volatile constituents and water vapour evolved are removed by the pipe through a condenser C and the treated cream delivered through a discharge pump D. Specification 418,591 is referred to.
Patent GB-1394132-A (GB)
Title: Liquid developer composition for electrophotography
IPC: G03G13/10
Filed: 1972-07-24
Abstract: 1394132 Liquid developers CANON K K 24 July 1972 [24 July 1971 (2) 30 July 1971 (3)] 34461/72 Heading G2H A liquid developer composition comprises an electrically insulating liquid having dispersed therein a pigment or a dye, a cyclized rubber, and a charge controlling agent which is one or more of lecithin, metal naphthanate, bitumen, chlorinated paraffin, linseed oil, and alkyd resin. The insulated liquid may be n-pentane, cyclohexane, an isoparaffin, chlorinated paraffin, naptha, kerosene or light oil and the pigment or dye carbon black, alkali blue, phthalocyanine blue or zapin first blue. Polyethylene may be added to the composition. Fig. 1 shows storage tank 1, developer 2, stirrer 3, pump 4, valve 5 and distributor 6. In use a pool 9 of developer is formed in a vessel 10 and maintained such that the surface of the drum 11 is always in contact therewith.
Patent GB-1391105-A (GB)
Title: Brake control device
Inventor: HUBER J
IPC: B60T15/18
Filed: 1972-07-24
Abstract: 1391105 Brake control device KNORR-BREMSE GmbH 24 July 1972 [23 July 1971] 34594/72 Heading F2F A device for controlling admission of pressurized fluid to a brake cylinder 5 of a friction brake for a rotary body comprises a throughput controller 4 for connection between a source 6 of pressurized fluid and the brake cylinder 5 so as to establish therein a pressure dependent upon a selectively variable input as from a control valve 2 to the throughput controller 4. An auxiliary control means, e.g. a control device 26 and an electromagnetically operated valve 51, connected to the throughput controller 4 is provided and is operative in dependence upon a control input supplied thereto. The input is only provided when a braking strength greater than a predetermined threshold value is required, i.e. greater than that which can be provided by the source 6 through the normal actuation of the. throughput controller 4. The operation also depends upon a second control input, e.g. as provided by the electromagnetically operated valve 51, which is of a first kind when the rotary deceleration of the rotary body is greater than a preselected valve and of a second kind when the rotary deceleration is less than a preselected value i.e. "anti-skid". In the construction shown pressurized fluid is provided by a brake pipe 1 which fluid when above the predetermined threshold value holds a piston 31 of the control device 26 against its spring loading to prevent a valve 38, 40 from being opened to prevent pressurized fluid from the throughput controller 4 and line 27 from passing back to the throughput controller 4 and acting on a piston 20 thereof to cause the throughput controller to allow a greater pressure in brake cylinder 5. When pressure drops below the threshold value in the brake pipe a time delay provided by the nozzle 46 in the valve disc 47 is effective before the valve 38, 40 is opened.
Patent GB-875045-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fruit hedges
IPC: A01G17/00
Filed: 1959-10-13
Abstract: 875,045. Training fruit hedges. HECHINGER, J. Oct. 13, 1959 [Nov. 11, 1958], No. 34685/59. Class 6(2). A fruit hedge, comprising equally spaced pairs of stems 2, 3, is formed by bending and intertwining the stems of each pair in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1, to form a series of self-supporting arches.
Patent GB-899481-A (GB)
Title: Feeding arrangement for feeding record sheets
IPC: G06K13/107
Filed: 1960-10-11
Abstract: 899,481. Feeding sheets. NATIONAL CASH REGISTER CO. Oct 11, 1960 [Oct. 12, 1959], No. 34775/60. Class 100(1) Sheets are separated sequentially from a stack in a magazine by a first suction belt device, and double-separation is prevented by a second suction belt device which is effective to feed back a second sheet, if such is separated simultaneously with the first sheet. The apparatus is included in a machine for sorting business sheets or forms. As shown, the magazine comprises a front plate 78, side plate 79, and back plate 80 adjustably mounted in a slot 81 in the top 25 of the apparatus, and the sheets, such as cheques, are stacked on edge between the plates 78, 80. To assist sheet-separation, a cam or solenoid-operated member may project through an opening in the plate 78 to jog the stack periodically. The sheet-separator means comprises an endless upper belt 38 and a similar lower belt 42 (not shown) mounted on pulleys, such as 23, 26, 29, and 32, the pulley 23 being driven continuously from an electric motor. Opposing the two belts 38, 42, but staggered vertically with respect thereto, are three belts of which only the centre one, 57, is shown: these are mounted on pulleys such as 47, 50, and 54, the pulley 47 being driven from an electric motor such that the belts travel in the opposite direction to the belts 38, 42. The centre belt 57 is provided with openings throughout its entire length, and the two belts 38, 42 are provided with larger openings throughout a portion of their length. Two vacuum shoes 62 are arranged behind the perforated belts 38, 42, a third vacuum shoe 68 is arranged behind the reverse belt 57, and a fourth shoe 73 is arranged between the belts 38, 42 at a position where these belts are given a sharp bend by a pulley 39. The shoes 62 are connected to one motor-driven vacuum pump, and the shoes 68, 73 to a second pump. Due to the separate pumps and the different size of holes in the perforated belts, the sheet separating and feeding belts 38, 42 exert a greater suctional force on the sheets than the reverse or return belt 57. If two sheets are separated together from the stack, the second sheet is normally returned by the belt 57. If the second sheet is firmly attached to the first sheet, then it is detached at the sharp bend over the guide and vacuum shoe 73, and returned by the belt 57 and its associated friction belts. The sheets are fed to a rotatable synchronizer member 12, which spaces them out and passes them to a belt system 13 where they are fed past a reading head 14 and delivered to various compartments in accordance with the data recorded thereon.
Patent GB-1140766-A (GB)
Title: Vaccine and its preparation
IPC: A61K39/165
Filed: 1966-08-03
Abstract: 1,140,766. Mumps vaccine. MERCK & CO. Inc. 3 Aug., 1966 [13 Aug., 1965], No. 34798/66. Heading A5B. Mumps vaccine is prepared by attenuating a live virulent mump virus by growing it in at least ten successive passages in embryonated hens eggs and then propagating it in chick embryo tissue culture containing tissue of 9-11 day old chick embryo, at 30-38‹C. Preferably at least ten chick embryo tissue passages are made. The virulent virus may be derived from clinical material, isolated in a suitable cell culture and adapted to chick embryo tissue culture. The virus containing fluids are harvested, preferably stabilised with e.g. sucrose, human albumin, glutamine, phosphate or mixtures thereof, and then stored frozen for subsequent use as a vaccine, or filled into ampules, and freeze-dried for reconstitution with sterile water to provide a vaccine.
Patent GB-775386-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cyanine dyes
Inventor: KENDALL JOHN DAVID
IPC: C09B23/02
Filed: 1954-12-02
Abstract: Cyanine dyes having one of the general formulae:-<FORM:0775386/IV(b)/1> and <FORM:0775386/IV(b)/2> wherein R1 is a 'lower' alkyl group (i.e. of up to 4 carbon atoms), R2 is a lower alkyl or aralkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, R3 is a 'lower' alkyl or aralkyl group, R4 is H or a 'lower' alkyl group, n and m are 0 or 1, X is an anion and D1 and D2 complete cyclic nuclei, are prepared by condensing a quaternary salt of the formula:- <FORM:0775386/IV(b)/3> with a compound of formula:- <FORM:0775386/IV(b)/4> wherein Q is -SR, -CH = CH - SR or an actanilido-vinyl group and R is a 'lower' alkyl group, or with a compound of formula:- <FORM:0775386/IV(b)/5> Instead of using the quaternary salts of formula III or IV above, the corresponding bases may be used with an equivalent amount of quaternizing salt.  Instead of using a compound of formula V above, the corresponding cyclic keto-methylene compound may be used with a molecular proportion of an alkyl ortho ester. Symmetrical trimethine cyanines wherein D1 completes a 3 - alkylthio - 4:4 - dimethyl - 6 - pyridazinine nucleus are prepared by condensing two molecular proportions of compound III with one molecular proportion of an alkyl orthoformate. R1, R2 and R3 are preferably methyl or ethyl groups and R4 is preferably H, methyl or ethyl.  In the examples D1 completes a benzthiozole (including 5 - chloro - benzthiazole), naphthathiazole, benzoxazole (including 6 - methoxy-, 5 - phenyl - and 5 : 6 - dimethyl - benzoxazoles), indolenine, quinoline, pyridazinine or 1 : 3 : 4 - thiadiazole nucleus and D2 completes a rhodanine, thiohydantain, 5 - pyrazolone or 5 - oxazolone nucleus.  Specification 774,724 [Group IV(b)] is referred to.
Patent GB-979406-A (GB)
Title: An improved dosing apparatus for liquid or pasty substances
IPC: G01F11/06
Filed: 1963-09-04
Abstract: 979,406. Delivering measured quantities of liquid. L. LENCIONI, and N. C. ENZO, [trading as KARR ITALIANA DI NICOLETTI ENZO S.A.S.]. Sept. 4, 1963 [Sept. 5, 1962], No. 34966/63. Heading B8N. A pneumatically-operated apparatus for dispensing measured quantities of liquid comprises a variable stroke piston 26A mounted in a dispensing cylinder 26 adapted to receive liquid from a reservoir and to discharge it into a container R, a first pneumatic cylinder 25 associated with the dispensing cylinder and a second pneumatic cylinder 24 for operating an inletoutlet nozzle 22 on the dispensing cylinder, the two pneumatic cylinders being controlled successively by a plurality of valves 14, 15, 34, 41, 7 and 12. The piston-rod for the piston 24A in the pneumatic cylinder 24 is formed with a rack 24B engaging with a pinion 24C which is coupled to the nozzle 22. In operation, upon depressing a foot-operated valve 19, air is fed via pipes M, T and a pressure-operated valve 15 to the cylinder 24 thereby rotating the pinion so as to bring the nozzle into communication with the supply reservoir. At the end of the stroke of the piston, a valve 34 is opened by the abutment of a member 40 on the rack 24B thereby allowing air to operate a pressurecontrolled valve 14 and thus admit air into the cylinder 25 so as to move the piston 25A, together with the dispensing piston 26A, to the right. Liquid is then drawn into the cylinder 26 until a member 28 operates a valve 12 so as to exhaust the air in the pipe M thereby allowing the piston 24A to return and so rotate the nozzle into the dispensing position shown in Fig. 1. Upon release of the valve 34 by the member 40, the position of valve 14 is changed-over so as to cause the piston 25A to move to the left and thus the piston 26A to dispense the liquid. The valve 12 is mounted on a movable member 5 which may be adjusted by a screw-and-nut device in order to vary the amount drawn in by the piston 26A. The valves may be operated electromagnetically and also via automatic means.
Patent GB-486564-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of cellulose derivatives
IPC: C08B15/06
Filed: 1936-12-21
Abstract: Cellulose derivatives containing in substituent radicles <FORM:0486564/IV/1> groups not directly linked to the cellulose nucleus and non-acidic groups containing nitrogen, which derivatives have an increased affinity for acid dyestuffs and a reduced inflammability, are prepared (1) by reacting cellulosic materials containing neither of such groups with an esterifying or etherifying agent containing a non-acidic group containing nitrogen and, simultaneously or subsequently, with another esterifying or etherifying agent containing a <FORM:0486564/IV/2> group or a -CN group, or (2) reacting cellulosic material containing, in substituent radicles, non-acidic groups containing nitrogen with esterifying or etherifying agents containing <FORM:0486564/IV/3> groups or -CN groups.  When materials containing <FORM:0486564/IV/4> groups are to be produced with the aid of agents containing -CN groups, the intermediate products containing -CN groups are further treated to convert the -CN groups into <FORM:0486564/IV/5> groups.  The acetyl radicle may be introduced into the materials. The cellulosic material treated may or may not be in the form of filaments, foils or the like, and may consist of natural or regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivative.  Cellulosic materials already containing non-acidic groups containing nitrogen are the glycine and cyan-acetic acid esters of cellulose, -amino-ethyl cellulose and the derivatives prepared according to the processes described in Specification 486,527.  The cellulosic materials may be reacted with halogenated organic amines or they may be treated with ammonia or an organic base, or cellulose derivatives containing unsaturated linkages may be reacted with organic bases, ammonia or hydrocyanic acid, either directly or after intermediate halogenation.  An alternative method of introducing nitrogen is to react with an halogenated aldehyde or ketone, then with hydroxylamine to produce an oxime, which may be dehydrated to form a -CN group, or reduced to an -NH2 group. Reagents yielding a carboxy group include chloracetic acid, ethylchloracetate, chloracetonitrile, b -chloracrylic acid, succinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride and cyanacetyl chloride. The reactions may be carried out in the presence of catalysts, non-solvents or diluents, a number of which are specified. Products containing diazotizable amino groups may be diazotized so that dyestuffs may be formed by direct reaction with the products. Those products which are obtained with primary amino groups or two or more reactive nitrogen-containing groups may have an increased resistance to creasing.  Specifications 207,562, 249,173, and 263,938, [all in Class 2 (ii)], also are referred to.
Patent GB-1089815-A (GB)
Title: New oestrogen
IPC: A61K31/565
Filed: 1966-08-05
Abstract: Novel 3 - ethoxy - estra - 1,3,5 - triene - 16a , 17b -diol is obtained by reducing 3-ethoxy-estr-1,3,5 - triene - 16a  - ol - 17 - one.  3 - Ethoxyestr - 1,3,5 - triene - 16a  - ol - 17 - one is obtained by reacting oestrone 3-ethyl ether with isopropenyl acetate to form the corresponding 17-enol acetate, brominating the latter to form 16a  - bromo - oestrone - 3 - ethyl ether, reacting the latter with an alkal metal alkoxide to form the corresponding 16a -hydroxy 17-ketal, which is subjected to acid hydrolysis.  Pharmaceutical compositions containing the above compound and having oestrogenic activity are administered orally or parenterally.
Patent GB-896941-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in building boards or panels
Inventor: MITCHELL DENIS SIDNEY BARNS
IPC: E04B1/84
Filed: 1957-11-12
Abstract: 896,941. Building boards. TENTEST CO. Ltd. Dec. 15, 1958 [Nov. 12, 1957], No. 35262/57. Class 87(1) [Also in Group VIII] Laminated building boards or panels of the kind having a channelled layer 2 of fibre board or other similar soft material and a surface layer 3 of perforated hardboard or similar hard material or metal are strengthened by the provision of a base layer 4 of hardboard or similar hard material and preferably also by terminating the channels 5 short of the edges of the layer 2. Theperforations in layer 3 register with the channels and these may be of the same or different depths and may all be parallel or disposed at right angles to one another. The layers may be secured together by adhesive, or a wooden frame, or by corner blocks in the middle layer to which the outer layers are secured.
Patent GB-465291-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of organic gold, silver and bismuth compounds
Filed: 1935-12-20
Abstract: Gold, silver and bismuth organic compounds are prepared by reacting salts of these metals with mercaptans in which the mercapto group is attached to an alicyclic radicle.  The products, which may contain alkyl or water-solubilizing groups in addition to the mercapto groups, possess therapeutic properties. The reaction is preferably effected in aqueous or alcoholic solution under neutral, acid or slightly alkaline conditions.  The examples describe the interaction of (1) auric chloride with mercaptocyclopentyl-barbituric acid or 2 - mercaptocyclopentyl-acetic acid; (2) silver nitrate with mercaptocyclopentane-carboxylic acid; (3) bismuth acetate with mercaptocyclopentyl-tridecane acid; (4) bismuth acetate with mercaptocyclopentane or mercaptocyclohexane.  Specification 266,824, [Class 2 (iii)], is referred to.  Mercaptocyclopentyl - barbituric acid is obtained by condensing D <2>-cyclopentenyl chloride with sodium malonic ethyl ester, reacting the saponified product with urea, treating with hydrogen bromide to form 2-bromocyclopentyl-barbituric acid and reacting the latter with acid potassium sulphide.  Mercaptocyclopentane - carboxylic acid is prepared by condensing cyclopentanone with hydrogen cyanide, saponifying the cyanhydrin, splitting off water from the resulting 1-hydroxycyclopentane-carboxylic acid, adding hydrogen bromide to the D <1>-cyclopentene-carboxylic acid so formed and reacting the product with acid potassium sulphide.  Mercaptocyclopentyl - tridecane acid results when chaulmoogric acid is treated with hydrogen bromide and the product reacted with acid potassium sulphide.