Patent GB-525048-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to interpolymers of unsymmetrical dichloroethylene
IPC: C08F214/08
Filed: 1939-02-14
Abstract: 525,048. Polymerization products. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL IND USTRIES, Ltd. Feb. 14, 1939, No. 4881. Convention date, July 19, 1938. [Class 2 (iii)] Interpolymers are prepared from mixtures of unsymmetrical dichlorethylene with at least two polymerizable substances having the general formula CH 2  = C <R wherein R is a radical containing a carbon atom joined to a second and preferably dissimilar atom by more than one bond, the multibonded carbon atom being separated from the main group by not more than one atom. The polymerizable substances are preferably selected so that one yields a soft rubbery polymer and one yields a hard brittle polymer. Suitable polymerizable substances include methyl, ethyl, phenyl, cyclohexyl and p-cyclobenzylphenyl methacrylates, styrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methacrylic acid, methacrylic amide, phenyl vinyl ketone, methacrylic anilide (all yielding brittle polymers), vinyl acetate, propionate, butyrate, and chloroacetate, methyl and ethyl acrylate, butyl, octyl and dodecyl methacrylates and methyl vinyl ketone. The interpolymerization is preferably effected in an acidic aqueous medium using such dispersing agents as fatty acid salts (sodium, potassium or ammonium palmitate, marseilles soap, mono-, di- and tri-ethanolamine laurates or palmitates), salts ot true sulphonic acids (such as alkylnaphthalene sulphonic acids), salts of sulphuric acid half esters of long chain compounds (the sodium salt of a mixture of 9- and 10-sulphato octadecyl acetates), dibasic acid monoamides, alkylated starches, partially saponified polyvinyl acetate ; acidifying agents include formic, acetic, boric and hydrochloric acids. The products may be coagulated by cooling, by cataphoresis or by treatment with inorganic acids or salts (sulphuric, phosphoric or hydrochloric acids, sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate or aluminium salts) or with watersoluble monohydric alcohols. The interpolymerization may be conducted in bulk or in the presence of solvents or diluents. Suitable polymerization accelerators include ultraviolet light and catalysts such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide, perborates, persulphates, acetyl benzoyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, perphthalic acid, peracetic acid, dibutyl peroxide, lauryl peroxide or succinyl peroxide. The interpolymers may be used in the manufacture of plastics, coatings, fibres, films; adhesives, safety glass interlayers, coating and impregnating compositions (for wood, textiles, leather, metal, glass, paper, stone, brick, concrete and plaster). Plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, pigments, dyes, softeners, natural or synthetic resins may be added to the compositions. Suitable stabilizers include epichlorhydrin, 1-phenoxy-2:3-epoxypropane, 1-p-tolyloxy-2:3-epoxypropane, α, α- dimethylglycide, ethyl glycidate, cadmium, copper, lead and manganese salts of oleic, linoleic, stearic, ricinoleic, palmitic, lauric and other fatty acids, eugenol, n-butyl salicylate, guiacol, glycine, leucine, alamine, n-octyl ester of c-dimethylglycine, 4-cyclohexylmorpholine, monocarboxylic acid amides such as the n-(2-methyl-3-hydroxypropyl) amide of 10- undecenoic acid, n-isobutylamide of naphthenic acid, 10-undecenoic acid, coconut oil acids or oleic acid, n-isobutyllauramide, n-alkylamide of 10-undecenoic acid, n-(p-ethoxyphenyl) amide of 10-undecenoic acid, amides of castor oil acids, n-alkylamides of carbonic acid. In examples, unsymmetrical dichloroethylene is interpolymerized with mixtures of (1) methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate ; (2) styrene and methyl vinyl ketone; (3) methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate ; (4) methyl methacrylate and methacrylonitrile ; (5) styrene and methacrylonitrile ; (6) methyl methacrylate and vinyl propionate ; (7) methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile ; (8) methyl methacrylate and vinyl chloroacetate; (9) methyl methacrylate and isobutyl methacrylate ; (10) methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate ; (11) methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate and methacrylic acid ; (12) methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate.