baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-208310-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to processes and apparatus for cracking oils
IPC: C10G11/02
Filed: 1922-10-27
Abstract: 208,310. Monnot, J. F. Oct. 27, 1922. Hydrocarbons, cracking. - Hydrocarbon oil, such as fuel oil or crude oil, is cracked by heating the oil under pressure and admitting the heated oil mixed with air to a chamber containing refractory material, such as fireclay, maintained at a high temperature. The cracked product may be conducted directly to the intake manifold of a gas engine or be used for heating or lighting purposes. The oil is forced under a pressure of 50 to 75 lbs. per sq. in. through coiled tubes e. e<1> surrounding a spherical or cylindrical vessel a which is heated to about 500‹ C. by exhaust gases from a gas engine passing through a jacket d or by other means. The heated oil is discharged through a needle valve h into the open end of a pipe k. Oil vapours and air How together over fire cley balls c contained in the chamber a.
Patent GB-1041925-A (GB)
Title: Polymers of butene-1
Inventor: CLARK KEITH JASPER
IPC: C08F210/00
Filed: 1964-07-21
Abstract: A solid crystalline copolymer of butene-1 comprising at least 50% by weight of butene-1 and a linear 1-olefine comonomer having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, said copolymer having a crystalline form substantially identical with the type II crystalline form of butene-1 homopolymer and said copolymer being substantially more stable in said crystalline form than is a butene-1 homopolymer in the type II crystalline form, may be prepared by polymerizing a mixture of butene-1 and said linear 1-olefine in the presence of a stereospecific catalyst and recovering a solid copolymer containing 5 to 50% by weight of monomer units of the linear 1-olefine.  The stereospecific catalyst comprises a transition metal compound, preferably a titanium trihalide, and an organometallic compound which is preferably an aluminium alkyl compound.  Preferably the copolymer is obtained as a slurry by using a catalyst which has been contacted with a small quantity of an a -olefine such as propylene, butene-1 or 3-methyl-butene-1 so that a small degree of polymerization, e.g. from 10 to 1000% polymer by weight of catalyst has already formed.  The copolymers have a light transmission as measured by A.S.T.M. test D1746-62T, of not less than 40% in 1/16 inch section.  In the examples butene-1 is copolymerized with hexene-1, octene-1, decene-1, nonene-1 and dodecene-1.
Patent GB-402924-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to change-speed gearing
IPC: F16H63/34
Filed: 1932-10-21
Abstract: 402,924. Variable speed gearing. ALLTREE, A., Rydal Dene, Pilling Lane, Preesall, near Fleetwood, Lancashire. Oct. 21, 1932, Nos. 29433 and 30969. [Class 80 (ii).] In pre-selective control means for gears either of the constant-mesh type or the sliding- gear type, a winged lever 3 is pivoted to the casing at 4 and engages a groove 2a in the gear shift fork 2 at the end 3a. Another lever 5 has a pin 5b in engagement with a cam groove 7a in a " neutralizing cam-shaft 7 which carries a pin 7c on which are pivoted bars 8, 12. These have rollers or the like 8a adapted to engage the wings of the lever 3. As to which wing will be engaged is determined by flats 9a on a selector shaft 9 operated by a control 16. The cam shape is shown in Fig. 6, the effect of turning the shaft 7 on a pin resting in one of the bays 7d, 7e, 7f, being to put it into the apex 7g corresponding to a neutral position. At the same time the roller 8a falls behind a wing of the lever 3 so that on a reverse or anti-clockwise movement of the shaft the lever is turned to operate the shift fork 2, to engage a gear. To change gear, the shaft 9 is turned to bring the flat 9b beneath the bar 12, and the shaft 7 is turned clockwise to bring the fork 2 to neutral, and then turned anti-clockwise. By duplicating the levers 3, 5, four forward speeds are obtained, a reverse drive being given by a lever 3 with one wing. In a compact form of gear box, Fig. 10, shift forks 2 move mating gear wheels 32, 33 in pairs and carry the pins 2b which engage the shaft 7. Various modifications in the disposition of the cam pins, levers 3 and 5, and bars 8, 12 are described.
Patent GB-841378-A (GB)
Title: Frequency-control systems
IPC: H03L7/20
Filed: 1957-09-20
Abstract: 841,378. Automatic frequency control systems. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Sept. 20, 1957 [Sept. 22, 1958], No. 29649/57. Class 40(5). An oscillator 1 is stabilized in frequency by applying its oscillations and pulses of high recurrence frequency, e.g. 1 mc/s, derived from a pulse generator 5 energized from a stable oscillator 8 of lower frequency, e.g. 100 kc./s., through frequency multiplying stages 6, 7, to a mixer 4 from which a selected beat frequency less than 1 mc/s. is derived by a filter 15 and applied to a frequency discriminator 17 selectably tunable in steps of 100 kc./s. The latter's output is applied through a D.C. blocking capacitor 18, or a transformer, to a lead 21 and reactance 2 stabilizing the oscillator 1, i.e. the discriminator action is dependent on rate of change of its D.C. output, this being produced by a hunting generator 23 frequency sweeping the oscillator 1 over a range for enabling catching. Thus the discriminator output (Fig. 2) opposes the frequency sweep over range b-c-d, and tends to stabilize temporarily the frequency of oscillator 1 at a point, e.g. c, where the rate of change of frequency due to the discriminator output is equal to that produced by the hunting generator 23. At this point, e.g. c, the discriminator output may then through a gate 22 disable the hunting generator output. The 100 kc./s. step of the beat frequency selected by the tunable discriminator 17 may then be passed through a further filter 12 to beat in a phase discriminator 11 with pulses from a pulse generator 10 of recurrence frequency 100 kc./s. operated from the 100 kc./s. stable oscillator 8, so that a D.C. output is derived by a low-pass filters 13, 14, dependent on phase difference between the selected 100 kc./s. step and the corresponding harmonic of 100 kc./s. from the pulse generator 10, and applied to phase lock the oscillator 1 into exact synchronism. The D.C. blocking of the frequency discriminator output avoids errors due to mistuning of its centre frequency. The discriminator may be switchable to a different frequency band for reception of the image beat frequency. Specification 712,281 is referred to.
Patent GB-201467-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in tents
IPC: E04H15/24
Filed: 1922-10-31
Abstract: 201,467. Woodhead, R., and Corrigan, M. T. Oct. 31, 1922. Tents.-For a tent without a centre pole, the top fitting 4, from which the frame members 2 radiate, is perforated at 12 and provided with a depending stirrup 13; a head member 10 is adapted to slide within the perforation and is slotted at its lower end to fit over the stirrup.
Patent GB-1358596-A (GB)
Title: Piezoelectric fluxubal resonators
IPC: H03H9/17
Filed: 1971-06-24
Abstract: 1358596 Filters using piezoelectric resonators VERNITRON CORP 24 June 1971 [24 June 1970] 29700/71 Heading H3U [Also in Division H1] A piezoelectric resonator comprises an elongated first plate a portion of which is piezoelectric and which has attached electrodes such that is it induced to vibrate in the width extensional mode, and a constraining plate secured face-to-face with the first plate such that vibrations of the first plate are restricted to the width flexural mode. The plates 2, 3 may comprise X-cut quartz crystals or ceramic materials such as Pb, ZrO 3 , PbTiO 3 , BaTiO 3  or PbNiO 3 . Interposed between the crystal plates is a thin metal contact plate 4. The assembly is held together by epoxy resin, which may be conducting or alternatively the plates 2, 3 may be coated with a paint comprising finely divided glass and silver suspended in a solution then pressed together and heated to sinter the glass. Ceramic plates may be polarized using electrodes 7, 8 and opposed plated electrodes which are contacted by plate 4, which results in the plate portions adjacent electrodes 7 and 8 being polarized. In use plate 2 is piezoelectrically reversed with respect to plate 3 to restrain the width extensional mode. Alternatively plate 3 may be omitted and contact plate 4 is increased in thickness to the order of thickness of plate 2. The plate length is chosen such that length flexural overtones do not fall close to the desired width flexural resonance and vibration absorbing blocks 25, e.g. of silicon rubber serve to dampen the unwanted mode and also act as supporting means within a protective housing (not shown). The final frequency adjustment is obtained by grinding the plate edge in the vicinity of the resonator. Electrode 7 is connected by thin wire 10 to terminal 14, the wire being preferably connected about “ way in from the edge of the plate. In an alternative embodiment (Fig. 4, not shown) electrodes may be provided on the long edge faces of the piezoelectric plates and the plates are polarized in opposite directions throughout the width. Two or more resonators may be coupled and produce coupled mode bandpass filters, e.g. as shown in the self-explanatory Fig. 7..
Patent GB-672747-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a method of removing gases from a liquid and apparatus therefor
IPC: F16K24/04
Filed: 1949-11-21
Abstract: <PICT:0672747/III/1> The removal of gases from viscous liquids, e.g. from aqueous suspensions or solutions of vegetable globulins, is effected by spraying the liquid from a recirculating stream thereof through a nozzle 11 in the form of droplets which are directly outwardly on to the walls of a vessel 1 which is maintained at sub-atmospheric pressure, the liquid forming a thin film which flows down the walls to the bottom of the vessel where it is collected and withdrawn.  The removed gases are withdrawn at 8.  The spraying nozzle comprises a conically seated, spring-loaded valve.  Liquid is pumped to the nozzle from a tank 14 to which excess liquid is returned.  Specifications 25859/04, [Class 123], and 332,542, [Class 1(i)], are referred to. Illegible data on Category 20I.
Patent GB-361511-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of colour lakes
IPC: C09B63/00
Filed: 1930-10-04
Abstract: Azo-dyestuff lakes are made by treating the azo dyestuff 2-amino-4-sulpho-1-benzoic acid --> b -naphthol with a suitable salt of an alkaline earth metal, or by making the dyestuff in presence of a quantity of such a salt sufficient to convert the dyestuff into the lake.  The lakes have red tints and are fast to light.  In examples (1) the disodium salt of the dyestuff in aqueous solution is run into a solution of calcium and sodium chlorides to form the calcium lake, (2) and (3) strontium and barium chlorides are used instead of calcium chloride, (4) 2-amino-4-sulpho-1-benzoic acid is diazotized using calcium nitrite and coupled with b -naphthol in the presence of milk of lime or chalk to form the di-calcium salt.  The lakes may be produced in presence of a distributing agent, e.g. Turkey red oil as well as in the presence of substrata.
Patent GB-791587-A (GB)
Title: A method of and apparatus for stretching steel rods
Inventor: SORETZ STEFAN
IPC: C21D7/10
Filed: 1956-09-29
Abstract: 791,587. Making rods; altering physical structure; stretch bending. KOEHLER, F. Sept. 29, 1956, No. 29780/56. Drawings to Specification. Classes 83 (2) and 83 (4). A method of stretching steel rods, e.g. rods for reinforced concrete, comprises clamping a rod at both ends and subjecting it to a force directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rod to impart a tensile stress to the rod and cause it to be stretched. In an embodiment the rod, clamped at its ends in chucks, is first straightened by means of a continuous or individual supports, e.g. trestles, then the supports are lowered or removed whereupon a single load is applied to the centre of the rod or a plurality of equal loads are distributed over the length of the rod. The loading may be effected by mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically actuated apparatus. When the supports are removed the rod assumes the shape of a catenary due to its own weight and is further deformed in the same direction by the applied load. This initial deformation reduces the load required to give a permanent deformation of the rod to 20-30 per cent of the axial load necessary to produce the same deformation. The method is carried out preferably after a cold working operation, e.g. twisting, and may be effected in two or more stages. After the first load has been applied and the rod stretched the load is reduced and the rod supported again and straightened out. The spacing of the chucks are again adjusted and the load repeated. Fixing devices are arranged along the rod and an automatic control is provided for the alternating operation of loading the rod and altering the chuck spacing. Alternatively the rod may be loaded in any other plane, e.g. in a horizontal plane, either with the rod freely suspended between chucks or on a rod supported on a table. Advantageously, the chucks are pivotally mounted so that the force components effecting the stretching may, in the region of the clamping points, always extend in a straight line normal to the rod cross-section adjacent the chuck. At least one of the chucks may be provided with a device effected by the degree of pivoting of the chuck so as automatically to indicate the degree of stretching and automatically to interrupt the applied force when a predetermined degree of stretching is attained.
Patent GB-492932-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to coated welding rods
IPC: B23K35/365
Filed: 1937-11-01
Abstract: A welding-rod is provided with a coating containing free silica, with or without combined silica, a higher metal oxide capable of evolving oxygen during welding, manganese or ferromanganese, and 10-20 per cent of infusible carbohydrate such as flour, sawdust, or dextrine. At least 80 per cent by weight of the higher metal oxide is iron oxide, the remainder being, for example, manganese dioxide or titanium dioxide.  The proportion of the number of gram-molecules of silica, free and combined, to the number of gram-molecules of the metal oxide is between 3,5 to 1 and 1 to 1, and the coating contains at least sufficient manganese, as such or as ferromanganese, to combine with all the oxygen evolved from the metal oxide during welding. Specific compositions are given of coatings containing flour, dextrine, quartz, iron oxide, ferromanganese, and silica in the form of waterglass; up to 50 per cent of the quartz may be replaced by combined silica, e.g. kaolin, and up to 20 per cent of the iron oxide by titanium dioxide &c.  Specification 425,443, [Group XXII], is referred to.
Patent GB-1276855-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fused silica crucibles
Inventor: CARRELL MICHAEL ANDREW
IPC: C03B19/06
Filed: 1969-06-12
Abstract: 1276855 Fused silica TEXAS INSTRUMENTS Inc 12 June 1969 [10 July 1968] 29851/69 Heading C1M A fused silica crucible, suitable for pulling monocrystalline silicon from a pure silicon melt, is made by supporting on a mandrel a crucible form produced by vapour phase flame hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride, heating to a presintering temperature in the range 1000‹ to 1300‹ C. in vacuum to substantially free the silica of water and then heating at a sintering temperature in the range 1300‹ to 1500‹ C. and cooled in a helium atmosphere to form a transparent fused silica crucible. Preferably the mandrel is of graphite and has a generally cylindrical portion and a symmetrically curved closed end portion. The crucible form may consist of silicon dioxide particles of diameter in the range 0À01 to 0À1 micron. The presintering may be carried out at a pressure of 0À01 to 10 millimetres of mercury for such a time that the final crucible has an infra-red transmittance of substantially 63% at 2À73 microns.
Patent GB-335744-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in conveyor belts
IPC: B65G15/38
Filed: 1929-10-02
Abstract: 335,744. Bell's Asbestos & Engineering Supplies, Ltd., and Bedwell, T. G. Oct. 2, 1929. Flat endless-belt conveyers.-In a conveyer belt a layer of solid woven asbestos a is connected by vulcanization, stitching, rivetting, &c. to a belt composed of folded duck b impregnated with rubber c. The duck is vulcanized to the sides of the asbestos layer. Fine brass or other wire may be woven into the asbestos. The duck may be replaced by leather or camel hair. In a modification the belt is composed of layers of leather, duck, or camel hair placed alternately with layers of asbestos.
Patent GB-1161979-A (GB)
Title: Vehicle Control Arrangements
IPC: B62D1/26
Filed: 1968-06-24
Abstract: 1,161,979. Route selection. FROMME FOERDERANLAGEN G.m.b.H. 24 June, 1968 [10 July, 1967], No. 29974/68. Heading B7N. In an arrangement for diverting a chain conveyed truck 1 from a main path defined by floor slot 5 to a shunt path defined by floor slot 6, the diverting mechanism 7 is operated when floor switches 14, 15, disposed in positions uniquely defining the diversion point, are actuated by selectively positioned control members 8, 9, mounted on the truck. Each control member, e.g. member 8, is pivotally and axially slidably mounted in a bearing 16 and can be lifted and turned to any one of ten positions each defined by a slot in the curved member 10 and a perforation in the plate 12. The member may be urged into its selected slot by a spring 18. With each control member selectively positioned in one of ten positions the truck can be diverted from the main track at any one of a hundred diversion points.
Patent GB-510403-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for supplying air to compartments of aircraft at high altitudes
IPC: B64D13/04
Filed: 1938-10-17
Abstract: 510,403. Pressure regulators. JUNKERS FLUGZEUG - UND MOTORENWERKE AKT.- GES. Oct. 17, 1938, No. 29996. Convention date, Oct. 28, 1937. [Class 135] [Also in Groups X and XXXIII] The air supply to compartments of aircraft at high altitude by a ventilating pump is added to, and the pressure maintained, by by-passing some of the air from the engine supercharger, a cutoff device being located in the pipe leading from the delivery side of the supercharger to the compartment. This cut-off opens when, as a result of a pressure drop in the compartment, the difference in air pressure between the supercharger pipe and the compartment exceeds a certain value. As shown in Fig. 1, a compartment 1 is supplied with air by a ventilating pump (not shown), and has a release valve 4 controlled by a pressure diaphragm 44 which allows the air to escape under controlled pressure. When the pressure falls, a diaphragm 7 displaces valves 21, 22 admitting air from the supercharger through a pipe 6 through pipe 23 to diaphragm 25, expansion of which opens valves 27, 28 against pressure of spring 29, and admits compressed air from pipe 6 into the compartment. In Fig. 3, a double piston 33 forms a differential pressure valve, being subjected to the pressures in pipe 6 and compartment 1 together with that of a spring 35, an opening 34 leading to the outside air. With a drop in pressure in the compartment, piston 33 uncovers pipe 135 which leads compressed air to the interior. As shown in Fig. 4, a diaphragm 36 is ruptured when pressure in compartment 1 falls. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes also a ventilating pump 3 supplying air to a compartment 1, a drop in pressure in which expands a diaphragm 7 closing an electric circuit and energizing a motor 9 which actuates a slide valve 13. Air from a supercharger 5 is supplied to a valve chamber 14 passing normally through an opening 16 to the engine 2. If slide valve 13 uncovers opening 17 and covers opening 16, the compressed, air is diverted into compartment 1, apart from that passing through a small opening 18, to ensure that the engine continues to run. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-756132-A (GB)
Title: An agricultural or like spreader
IPC: A01C3/06
Filed: 1954-10-19
Abstract: 756,132. Agricultural spreaders. GEIER, R. Oct. 19, 1954, No: 30009/54. Class 6 (1). The spreading mechanism of an agricultural spreader comprises a plurality of spreading forks or blades adapted to traverse the width of the platform whereon the material to be spread is disposed, and is mounted on the spreader so as to be capable of moving along the said platform. Spreading forks 3 are mounted on endless chains 18, 18<SP>1</SP> carried on sprockets 19, 20 which are journalled with their axles 17 vertical in a tubular framework of adjustable width and removably mounted on the platform 16. The shaft 4 is driven from the power takeoff of a tractor, its rotation being transmitted by gearing in a housing 2 to the axles 17 and to a crank mechanism 10, the latter causing progression of the spreading mechanism along the platform by actuating feed levers 9 which mesh alternately into holes 14 on a U-shaped track 1 mounted longitudinally of the platform.
Patent GB-883039-A (GB)
Title: A process for the preparation of an alcohol by hydration of a gaseous olefin
IPC: C07C29/04
Filed: 1959-09-03
Abstract: Alcohols are produced by treating an olefine with water at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of an aqueous suspension of aluminium oxide or hydroxide having an acid pH value greater than 2. The process may be carried out batchwise or continuously.  The required pH of the suspension may be obtained by the addition of mineral acids, e.g. sulphuric or hydrochloric acid.  The alcohol may be separated from the product mixture by distillation.  To maintain the activity of the catalyst it is desirable that all parts of the reactor in contact with the suspension should be made of or lined with an inert material, e.g. aluminium or copper.  It is also desirable that the catalytic suspension should not have contact with air or other oxidant atmosphere.  An inert or reducing atmosphere, e.g. the olefine employed in the process should therefore be used in the distillation and recycling steps.  Examples are given of the conversion of ethylene, propylene and butenes to ethyl, isopropyl and n-butyl alcohol, respectively.