baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-802537-A (GB)
Title: The recovery of metabolic products
Inventor: ALLEN KENNETH ALFRED
IPC: A61K35/742
Filed: 1956-04-12
Abstract: Metabolic products are recovered from bacterial or mould cultures in a process which comprises adding a specific antiserum to a culture medium to precipitate or agglutinate the bacteria or mould cells, separating the precipitated or agglutinated cells from the culture medium and recovering the desired metabolic product from the separate cells or from the culture liquid.  The process is suitable for the recovery of Vitamin B12 from cultures of Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Bacillus megatherium and strains of Streptomyces, the recovery of streptomycin from strains of Streptomyces, the recovery of bacitracin from B. licheniformis and B. subtilis spp. Tracy 1, and for the recovery of Vitamin B12 from Clostridium acetobutylicum in acetone/butanol fermentations.  The antiserum may be obtained by injecting an animal with increasing concentrations of the bacterium over a series of days and recovering the antiserum from the animal. In an example Vitamin B12 is obtained by adding a specific antiserum for Propionibacterium freudenreichii to a fermentation broth containing cells of that organism, separating the bacterial cells and liquid by centrifugation, extracting the Vitamin B12 from the cells by treatment under acid conditions, purifying the Vitamin B12 by extraction into an organic solvent and re-extraction into an aqueous phase and recovering the purified Vitamin B12.  The example also indicates that optimum agglutination occurs at serum/serum +broth dilutions in the range 1:10,000 to 1:15,000.  The process may be employed in the production of bacitracin, the acidified liquid remaining after the cells of B. subtilis have been removed, being extracted with an organic solvent such as butanol, followed by the adsorption of impurities on charcoal, and recovery of the bacitracin by evaporation under reduced pressure.ALSO:An anti-serum for a specific bacterium is obtained by inoculating an animal, for example a rabbit, horse, cow or ox, with increasing concentrations of the bacterium over a period of days.  When the antibody titre of the blood is sufficiently high, blood is withdrawn and the serum separated from the coagulated cells by conventional methods.  This process is illustrated by the production of an anti-serum specific for Propionibacterium freudenreichii by inoculating a horse.  The anti-sera so obtained are utilized in the precipitation of bacteria or mould cells in fermentation process for the production of metabolic products, e.g. Vitamin B12 and bacitracin.
Patent GB-1283150-A (GB)
Title: Optical systems
IPC: G02B27/00
Filed: 1970-03-09
Abstract: 1283150 Optical systems; projection printing apparatus INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 9 March 1970 [4 April 1969] 11104/70 Headings G2A and G2J In an optical system for illuminating a target area P on a surface 5, a continuously moving part 8 causes the optical path of the system to traverse the target area, and static deflecting means 6 selectively applies a compensating deflection to the optical path for temporarily locking the path on to the target area. The moving part comprises a multisided mirror 8 which rotates to cause a beam from a laser 1 to traverse the target area P. The static deflecting means comprises a KDP crystal 6, connected to an electrical pulse generator 15, which causes the beam to remain on the target area P while a shutter 4 controlled by circuit means 16 is open. In high speed printing on to a photographic emulsion coating the surface 5, each time the shutter 4 opens, control means 2c selects a character, inserts it in a mask 3 and operates beam position controls 2a and 2b ensuring focusing of the character at P. Timing and co-ordination of the shutter control means and pulse generator is effected by a detector 13 detecting light pulses passing through precisely spaced slits in a disc 12 rotating on the mirror. The pulses from the generator 15 may be of sawtooth or sinusoidal wave form. The system may be used for printing pictures by successively printing segments of a pictorial image in the mask 3, or for printing electrical circuits, when segments of an image of the circuit are printed on photo-resist material coating the surface 5. A motion sensor may be incorporated in the pulse generator 15 to produce pulses to counteract extraneous motion of the crystal and the beam. In another embodiment, Fig. 11 (not shown) light passing from a laser (70) is deflected by rotatable mirrors (73, 74) on to a rotating hologram (54) comprising memory record targets. Static deflecting means comprises a KDP crystal (62) which causes the beam to follow the motion of the hologram while a shutter (60) is open. The beam is focused on a target area of the hologram by a lens (76) and, after passing through the hologram, it is focused first by a lens (77) which counteracts the motion of the beam caused by the crystal, then by a lens (78) on to a detector (61).
Patent GB-580775-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electrical plug connectors having cable grips
IPC: H01R13/59
Filed: 1944-06-12
Abstract: 580,775. Strain-taking devices for flexible leads. TURNOCK, Ltd., G., JACKSON, E. D., and TAYLOR, W. E. June 12, 1944, No. 11187. [Class 38 (i)] A three-pin plug connector comprises a base 21 and cover 10, both of rubber or mouldable synthetic material, and a yielding rubber sleeve 12 adapted to grip the incoming lead at 29 when it is compressed within the curved inside surface of the cover by the tightening of the clamping screws 16. The plug-pin, one of which is an earth connection, are fixed in the base 21 with their terminals (not shown) in recesses therein. The base has a radially grooved dome 22 and cut-away parts adjacent the terminals, so as to accommodate the separate connections to the terminals, and allow insertion of the leads therein from the side. The sleeve 13 is gapped at 31, 32 to clear the screws 16, and terminals respectively.
Patent GB-270302-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in motor agricultural implements or machines for hoeing and other operations
IPC: A01B33/06
Filed: 1927-04-27
Abstract: 270,302. Avignon, E. G. April 28, 1926, [Convention date]. Axles and axle structures.-In a motor machine for hoeing &c. of the kind comprising two front wheels driven from an engine between them, the fixed axle of the front wheels is bent downwards at the centre to fit around the lower part of the housing of the engine Mo carried by it. It is fastened to a frame CH connected to a longitudinal beam made up of two U-irons.
Patent GB-1085873-A (GB)
Title: Polymer production
IPC: C08G2/18
Filed: 1965-03-17
Abstract: Oxymethylene polymers are produced by the catalytic copolymerization of trioxane with a minor amount of one or more epoxy compounds, wherein formaldehyde is introduced into the mixture of monomers before copolymerization thereof has commenced in order to reduce the induction period.  Exemplified epoxy compounds are ethylene oxide and vinyl cyclohexene dioxide. Reaction preferably takes place in molten trioxane.
Patent GB-419727-A (GB)
Title: A braun tube for oscillographic and television purposes
IPC: H01J29/48
Filed: 1933-04-18
Abstract: 419,727. Cathode-ray tubes. RADIOAKT.-GES. D. S. LOEWE, 10, Wiesenweg, Steglitz, and SCHLESINGER, K., 39, Friedrichstrasse, Friedrichshagen, both in Berlin. April 18, 1933, No. 11264. Convention date, April 22, 1932. [Class 39 (i).] An aperture 4, Fig. 1, reproduced on the screen of a Braun tube by an electron-optical system is of very small dimensions, of the order of 0.1-1 mm., transversely to the cathode ray, and electrons produced by a cathode 6 having an emissive area much larger than the aperture 4 are concentrated on to the aperture by a curved grid 5 between the cathode and the aperture. The electron-optical system described in Specification 420,667 may be used to focus the aperture 4 on to the screen. The electrodes 5, 6 may be surrounded by a cylinder 2 which may be connected to the grid 5 and to the apertured plate 3. The cathode 6 may be spherically shaped as shown in Fig. 1, or flat, and may be of wire bent as shown in Fig. 5 with the leads 7, 8 brought out close together or crossed so that the field of the heating current is reduced. The cathode may also be indirectly heated or of single or double, flat or conical spiral form. The cathode is oxide-coated or is of oxidized tungsten wire actuated by atomizing light metal, such as barium, in the cylinder 2 by eddy current heating. Alternatively, a wire of light metal may be atomized behind the cathode. The aperture 4 is in the form of a triangle, rectangle, circle, square or rhombus, the image on the screen being correspondingly shaped. The grid 5 is spaced at 1 mm. from the cathode. For oscillography, the grid is biassed positively so that space charge is reduced without ionizing the gas filling and that the grid has the natural potential corresponding to its position. For television, the grid controls the intensity of the ray. The grid potential and the shapes of the electrodes are such that the parts 5, 6 form an electronoptical system with its focus in the aperture 4. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also a Braun tube, Fig. 1 (Cancelled), in which the aperture 4 is focused on to the screen 11 by a cylinder 14 and plate 15, an auxiliary electrode 19 being arranged between the deflecting plates 17, 18 and the screen 11. The screen 11 is provided with a metal coating by a wet process or by cathodic atomizaton. A current lead 10 is provided inside the tube for connection of the screen to the anode or as an acceleration anode. The lead 10 may be a thin metal strip produced by allowing a drop of metal solution or lacquer to run along the tube. The tube may be metallized inside or outside, a concentrating electrode on the inside of the tube being shown at 20. To prevent overloading the screen when the spot is moving slowly or is stationary, the intensity of the ray may be varied with the speed of deflection, the potential of the control electrode being varied according to the potential of the deflecting plates by a " double-grid tube." This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-557250-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in terminal blocks and contact blocks and like electric fittings and the mounting thereof
IPC: H01R9/18
Filed: 1942-08-12
Abstract: 557,250. Two-part couplings. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and POOLEY, A. M. Aug. 12, 1942, No. 11297. Addition to 546,061. [Class 38 (i)] [Also in Group XXXVII] A terminal block according to the parent Specification is provided with a convex seating 1s for the head of the fixing bolt or nut to accommodate for slight errors in alignment with the screwed thread in the block 2.
Patent GB-1515099-A (GB)
Title: Laundry drier
IPC: D06F58/02
Filed: 1977-03-17
Abstract: 1515099 Rotary drum drier BOSCHSIEMENS HAUSGERATE GmbH 17 March 1977 [23 June 1976] 11323/77 Heading F4G A laundry drier comprising a drum 4 having an unperforated circumferential wall is mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis in a container 2 to define an annular space 7 therebetween, and air inlet and outlet channels 8, 9 communicating with space 7 are interconnected by a channel 12 external of the drum which contains a heater 13 and a blower 11. Vapour from the interior of the drum is led by a duct (18) to a condenser (20), see Fig. 2 (not shown), the duct being connected to an aperture in an end wall (21) of the drum. The aperture may comprise an axially located hollow spigot (17), or one or more offaxis apertures in the walls (21, 22) of the drum 4 and container 2.
Patent GB-951955-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to direct voltage stabilisation circuits
IPC: H02M3/338
Filed: 1961-03-28
Abstract: 951,955. Automatic voltage control. ALBISWERK ZURICH A. G. March 28, 1961 [April 8, 1960], No.11359/61. Heading G3R. A circuit for converting and stabilizing a direct voltage comprises a pulse generator constituted by a transistor T4 together with coil windings W1, W2, W3, W4, a reservoir capacitor C2 connected across the stabilized voltage, further transistors T1,T2 and T3, a capacitor C1 which is charged over a rectifier G2 from a winding W5 to a peak voltage proportional to the voltage across C2, and a Zener reference diode Z. When the stabilized voltage exceeds a predetermined level the voltage across C1 becomes greater than the Zener voltage of diode Z which therefore conducts to render transistor T1 non-conductive, whereby transistor T2 becomes conductive, transistor T3 becomes non-conductive, and transistor T4 ceases to produce pulses. The voltage across C2 then drops; when the voltage across C1 drops to a value below the Zener voltage of diode Z transistor T1 again conducts and transistor T4 commences to oscillate. The voltage across C2 is thus maintained substantially constant. In a modification (Fig. 2, not shown) the oscillation of the transistor T4 is interrupted for a constant period which is freely selectable.
Patent GB-775515-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to granulation of fertilizers
IPC: C05C1/02
Filed: 1955-04-20
Abstract: <PICT:0775515/III/1> A process for the production of uniform and moisture stable granules of a nitrogen fertilizer comprises heating a nitrogen fertilizer to a temperature slightly about its melting point, jetting the molten fertilizer upwards under pressure into thin unidirectional streams and countercurrently contacting the streams with an inert gas maintained at a temperature below that of the streams.  The liquified fertilizer, e.g. urea or ammonium nitrate, is pumped from a tank 20 through a long conduit 11 and delivered under pressure to a header 2 with a row of nozzles 1, 1a &c. inclined at about 45 degrees to the horizontal.  The issuing streams of liquid are each given a unidirectional character because the length of the conduit 11 is sufficient to eliminate eddy currents before the nozzles are reached.  The streams rise and then break into droplets which fall down a chamber 5, meeting in their descent a rising current of air at a lower temperature which solidifies and partly dries them, the effect being greatest on the outside so that a hard crust forms on each granule.  The air is forced in near the bottom of the chamber 5 by a fan 4. Instead of air, inert gases such as oxygen and nitrogen may be used.  The granules which collect in the hopper at the bottom of the chamber are transferred by a conveyer 6 to a screen 8, whence those of the correct size are transferred to storage or packaging by a conveyer 9.  The rejected granules are delivered to a dissolver 10.  The air which has passed through the chamber 5 is withdrawn at 23 and passes to a dust collector 12, where fines are separated and led through a conduit 24 to the dissolver 10.  The re-melted rejects and fines are pumped by a pump 10a back to the tank 20.  The Specification gives details of the optimum water content and temperature of the fertilizer solution, jet velocity and liquid pressure, nozzle length and diameter, angle of projection and the temperature, velocity and moisture content of the drying gas, with special reference to urea.  Numerical examples are given of the granulation of urea and ammonium nitrate.  Mixtures of ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate are also mentioned.  The operation may be observed through a sight glass 25.
Patent GB-1298142-A (GB)
Title: Assembling axially aligned cigarettes with a double length filter plug interposed between them
IPC: A24C5/47
Filed: 1970-03-10
Abstract: 1298142 Making filter cigarettes AMF Inc 10 March 1970 [15 April 1969] 11421/70 Heading A2C Pairs of cut cigarette lengths S1, S2 are assembled in axial alignment with interposed double-length filter plugs F on a rotary, fluted drum 1 to which the filter plugs are fed by a rotary drum 3 and the cigarette lengths by a guide 9. At the commencement of operation each flute 101 on the drum 1 receives a single cigarette length from the guide 9 to form a single row Sl on the drum, and alternate ones of these lengths are subsequently removed by a drum 2 which has flutes 102 spaced at twice the pitch of those on the drum 1. When a cigarette length S1 on the drum passes under a feeler 10 the latter initiates delivery of filter plugs from the drum 3 which has flutes 103 spaced at twice the pitch of those on the drum 1 so that plugs are delivered only to those flutes 101 that contain a length S1. Cigarette lengths delivered by the guide 9 will then alternately form the rows S1, S2, and the drum 2 will remove the assemblies S1, F S2 and transfer them to a drum 4 for application of tipping material 5 cut from a strip 6 by a rotating knife 7.
Patent GB-809067-A (GB)
Title: Heat exchangers
Inventor: PERRIS BASIL
IPC: G01N25/14
Filed: 1955-04-21
Abstract: 809,067. Heat exchangers. LOUGHBOROUGH GLASS CO. Ltd. July 17, 1956 [April 21, 1955], No. 11499/55. Class 64(3) A heat exchanger comprises an inner vessel and an outer vessel, both said vessels being  closed vessels constructed wholly or in part of'frangible materials and being provided with inlets and outlets, said inner vessel not comprising a straight tube and the outer vessel comprising two detachable end  pieces, the inlet of the inner vessel being disposed to pass through one of the end pieces and the outlet through the other end piece. The vessels may be constructed wholly or in part of glass or synthetic plastic material. In the form shown, the inner vessel comprises a coil 9 and the end pieces 12, 13 of the outer vessel are interconnected through a cylindrical casing 8 of glass. The end pieces may, as shown, embrace the ends of the coil 9 or they may comprise flat brass plates. In a further form, Fig. 3 not shown, the end pieces are so extended that they may be interconnected directly without the use of an intermediate member such as the casing 8.
Patent GB-851190-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the cold separation of gas mixtures
Inventor: SPONDLIN RODOLPHE
IPC: D05B97/02
Filed: 1958-04-11
Abstract: 851,190. Cold separation of gas mixtures. COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE. April 11, 1958 [April 19, 1957], No. 11607/58. Class 8(2). In a process for the removal of a condensible impurity from a gas mixture in a line 3 e.g. the nitrogen content of a hydrogen-deuterium mixture prior to rectification in a column (not shown) discharging liquid hydrogen through a line 36, and comprising passing the mixture through that of a pair of exchangers 1, 2 of the Hampson type, e.g. exchanger 1, not being regenerated by the separated hydrogen after revaporization in an exchanger 37, cooling the so-cooled and partly purified mixture in one or other of liquid hydrogen baths 10, 34 and returning it through a second path of the exchanger 1 in countercurrent with itself, warming in a bath of liquid nitrogen 14 and passing it through the second path of the exchanger 2 being denimed from the warm to the cold end thereof and out through a line 35 leading to the rectification column, the step of passing the partly purified mixture leaving a coil 13 in the nitrogen bath 14 through one or other of adsorption units 16, 17 before passing the mixture through the second path of the exchanger 2 being denimed. With exchanger 1 in use and 2 being denimed valves 4, 8, 18, 20, 22, 29, 32, 38 and 40 are open whilst valves 5, 9, 11, 19, 21, 23, 28, 33 are closed. During changeover a normally closed valve 43 in a by-pass line 42 is opened as are valves 45 in ducts 44 connecting the exchangers 1 and 2 at various temperature levels. Specification 774,255 is referred to.
Patent GB-1432323-A (GB)
Title: Torch ignited  internal combustion engine and ignition timing  control therefor
IPC: F02P5/10
Filed: 1974-03-15
Abstract: 1432323 Timing ignition NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 15 March 1974 [19 March 1973]  11671/74 Heading F1B In a torch ignited internal combustion engine the spark timing is retarded during partial load operation of the engine relative to the spark timing at full load operation. As shown when the throttle valve 11 is fully opened the consequent low vacuum pressure allows the rod 6 to be moved rightward under the action of the spring 4 which advances the ignition timing. In a modification (not shown) the conduit 3' communicates with the induction pipe on the engine side of the throttle valve. The expression "torch ignited internal combustion engine" is defined in the Specification.
Patent GB-898429-A (GB)
Title: Sewing machines with improved loop deflector
IPC: D05B57/14
Filed: 1961-03-30
Abstract: 898,429. Sewing-machines. SINGER MANUFACTURING CO. March 30, 1961 [April 26, 1960], No. 11677/61. Class 112 In a lock stitch sewing-machine, having an eyed needle 22 and a shuttle 38 turnably supported in a shuttle body 28 to which is secured, by screws 37, a cap 34 having a needle aperture 42, cap 34 is provided with a needle thread deflecting lug 51 so positioned and arranged as to cause the formation of a large loop 58 of thread on one side of the needle and substantially no loop on the other side of the needle.
Patent GB-701998-A (GB)
Title: 2-acetoxyfuran and -a-formylpropionic acid and its derivatives
Filed: 1951-05-18
Abstract: The invention comprises 2-acetoxyfuran obtainable by the action of heat on 2 : 5 diacetoxy-2 : 5-dihydrofuran.  The 2-acetoxyfuran may be hydrolyzed with aqueous mineral acid to b -formylpropionic acid, followed without isolation by conversion to the phenyl hydrazone, dinitrophenylhydrazone, ester of the latter, and hydrazone-hydrazide. An example describes the pyrolysis of 2 : 5 diacetoxy-2 : 5-dihydrofuran, to give 2-acetoxyfuran followed by hydrolysis with formation of b -formylpropionic acid, which without isolation may be further or simultaneously treated to give the dinitrophenylhydrazone, or a hydrazonehydrazide.
Patent GB-1454843-A (GB)
Title: Pneumatically powered liquid pump
IPC: F04F1/06
Filed: 1974-03-15
Abstract: 1454843 Pumping liquids by gaseous pressure ECODYNE CORP 15 March 1974 [30 April 1973] 11699/74 Heading F1R A submersible pumping chamber 14 has a pressure gas supply connection 75, a liquid inlet pipe 60 and a discharge pipe 30. A U-tube 34 is connected to the discharge pipe 30 at one end and at the other opens to the upper end of the chamber 14 so that filling and discharge of the chamber is automatic as liquid enters or is discharged from the U-tube. The end 66 of the pipe 60 is at level D below the level C of the end of the U-tube so that initially liquid is forced back into the container 12 to agitate matter in the lower portion of the container.
Patent GB-1375445-A (GB)
IPC: B01J23/85
Filed: 1972-03-14
Abstract: 1375445 Hydrodesulphurisation catalyst UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS CO 14 March 1972 [15 March 1971] 11732/72 Heading B1E [Also in Division C5] A catalyst composition comprising 1 to 10 wt. % iron group metal oxide, 4 to 30 wt. % Group VIB metal oxide and alumina is prepared by forming a substantially uniform powdered blend of alumina with compounds of the metals which give the oxides on calcination, discharging the blend in a continuous and uniform stream into contact with a peptizing agent on a rotating pelletising disc and forming the blend into spheroidal pellets, drying and calcining in an oxidising atmosphere. In the Example boehimite, molybdic anhydride and cobaltous carbonate are the starting components and the peptizing agent is aqueous nitric acid. The catalyst is steamed before use.