baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-547018-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in windings for electric transformers
IPC: H01F30/10
Filed: 1941-04-28
Abstract: 547,018. Transformers. BRITISH THOMSONHOUSTON CO., Ltd. April 28, 1941, No. 5448. Convention date, April 26, 1940. [Class 38 (ii)] In order to obtain fractional turn ratios which do not vary with load current, the core of a transformer is subdivided to form parallel magnetic paths and the end turn of one of the windings is correspondingly subdivided into parallel-connected loops each of which embraces one only of the subdivisions of the core. Fig. 1 shows a transformer having a shell-type core in which the required conditions are produced by connecting the secondary winding 21 to a terminal 25 through two parallel conductors 23, 24 which pass respectively through different windows. Fig. 2 shows a core-type transformer in which the magnetic circuit is subdivided by a hole 43, the secondary 42 terminating in two parallel-connected loops 44, 45 embracing sections of the core on opposite sides of the hole. Fig. 4 shows an arrangement in which the effect of of a turn is produced by using three parallel-connected loops 67, 68, 69 embracing three cores 60, 61 62 all of which are embraced by the main part of the secondary 64.
Patent GB-1102093-A (GB)
Title: Treatment of textile slivers and like fibre assemblies
Inventor: RUDDELL JAMES NELSON
IPC: D02G1/18
Filed: 1964-02-11
Abstract: In a process for modifying the shrinkage characteristics of fibres, a sliver or like assembly of synthetic e.g. polyacrylonitrile or polyvinyl chloride, and/or natural e.g. flax, fibres of different lengths distributed over a restricted range is continuously passed, with or without heating, between pairs of drafting rollers the reach of which is less than the length of some of the fibres.  The reach and/or draft ratio may be variable or adjustable e.g. the distance between roller pairs is changed and/or the sliver is caused to follow a path of variable length as provided by a movable bar which displaces the sliver at a point in its travel between the roller pairs.  The fibres which are longer than the reach are thus variably stretched longitudinally without breaking, the other fibres being unaffected.  The fibres, perhaps blended with other fibres, are spun into yarn which, at the yarn or fabric stage, is subjected to a uniform heat e.g. steam, treatment which causes the constituent fibres to manifest their differential shrinkage characteristics.  The result is stated to be a migration of short fibres to the surface of the yarn whilst the high shrinkage ends of the other fibres tend to remain in the yarn centre, the net effect being an open structured yarn resembling wool.
Patent GB-569433-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of synthetic resins and of articles made therefrom
IPC: C08F20/08
Filed: 1940-03-28
Abstract: Synthetic resins are made by polymerizing by known methods a mixture of a mixed anhydride of formic and acrylic or a -substituted acrylic acid with a compound containing an H2C=C< group in the molecule.  The latter compounds include: (1) esters, amides and halides of acrylic and methacrylic acids, such as the alkyl, aryl and aralkyl esters, also the p-cyclohexylphenyl ester; (2) vinyl esters, e.g. vinyl acetate, propionate, butyrate and chloride; (3) substituted ethylenes, e.g. styrene, furyl ethylene and nitroethylene; (4) monovinyl ketones, e.g. methyl vinyl ketone and isopropenyl methyl ketone; (5) monovinyl ethers, e.g. methyl vinyl ether and phenyl vinyl ether and (6) monovinyl aldehydes, e.g. acrolein and a -methylacrolein. The products, particularly interpolymers with methyl methacrylate, are suitable for optical purposes; when so used, the index of refraction may be modified by adding to the monomeric mixture another modifying agent which may be a polymerizable substance or an inert substance, such as hexachlordiphenyloxide, a bromonaphthalene, a chlorinated diphenyl, anthracene and triphenylbenzene.  Polymerizable substances which may be added to modify the index of refraction include styrene, acrylic and methacrylic esters of hydroxyquinolines, hydroxydiphenyls, nitrophenols and chlorophenols, nitroethylene, triphenyl-methyl acrylate or methacrylate, nitrostyrenes, and vinyl chloride or acetate.  The products are also suitable as binding agents for granular materials, e.g. abrasive grains.  Specification 528,563 is referred to.  Anhydrides.-The mixed anhydride of formic and methacrylic acid is made by heating a formate, e.g. sodium formate with methacryl chloride in dry ether in the presence of a polymerization inhibitor, e.g. copper particles or copper methacrylate.  The other mixed anhydrides are made by analogous methods.
Patent GB-306490-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of highly active absorption carbon
IPC: C01B31/12
Filed: 1929-02-20
Abstract: 306,490. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges. Feb. 21, 1928, [Convention date]. Carbon.-Activated carbon is prepared from disintegrated wood such as wood chips, shavings or sawdust by soaking it for long time with stirring in a hot solution of zinc chloride, phosphoric acid or other activating agent, or boiling it in a solution of the agent, removing the liquid and saturating the wood with a cold solution, and then drying and igniting. In a modification, the wood is first boiled in water to cause swelling and then soaked in a hot or cold solution of the activating agent. In an example, birch sawdust is boiled for 4 hours in a 50 per cent solution of zinc chloride, drained, again soaked in a cold 50 per cent solution of zinc chloride, and after drying in an oven is finally ignited at 600-7SO‹ C. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also the treatment of the wood with a hot or boiling solution of the activating agent followed by drying and ignition. This Subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-180065-A (GB)
Title: Doughnut or like machine
IPC: A21C5/00
Filed: 1921-02-19
Abstract: 180,065. Schoel, A. Feb. 19, 1921. Cutting-apparatus; extrusion machines. - A machine for forming and cutting doughnuts and the like comprises a frame A, in which are journaled corrugated drums 18 driven by intermeshing gears 19 from a hand-operated shaft 26, a hopper 29, the lower end of which is held between the walls of the frame A by a hook 31, and a die 32 formed of a pair of tubular members, which are spaced apart to form an opening 36, through which the dough is forced, and which are held together by a thin cross-piece 35. The die is detachablv secured to the bottom 12 of the frame. To vary the speed of the drums, gears of different sizes are placed on the shaft 26, which rotate the drums through an intermediate gear 21 mounted on a sliding member 23. The dough extruded from the die is intermittently cut by a wire 53 secured to a bow 52 pivoted about an oscillating shaft 46. The wire, being non-radial, does not move normally to itself, and thus it makes a shearing-cut. The shaft 46 is oscillated by members 47, 48 thereon alternately engaging a cam 44 on a disc 43 secured to the shaft 26. Pins 83 on the disc operate a registering-device 82. Removable plates 37, preventing sideways egress of the dough, rest against shoulders 38 formed in the bottom 12 and pins 39 in the side walls of the frame. Springs 40, attached to the plates 37, and pins 42 in the bottom 12 resiliently hold the plates in position. A fender 54 protects the operator's arm from the heat of the boiling grease contained in a kettle beneath the machine, into which grease the dbughnuts drop as they are formed and cut. A cut-off device to prevent dough from passing through the die consists of a paddle 55 slidable in the bottom 12 and having a tongue with a handle 60, which projects through a slot in the fender 54. The machine is supported for horizontal movement by brackets 65 pivoted to a rod 69 secured to a wall. A collar and set-screw 70 on the rod are used for vertical adjustment. The brackets may be pivoted to a wheeled frame, which also carries a detachable vat for dough. As an alternative, the machine is suspended from a track 71 by perforated straps 76 adjustably attached to straps 75 by bolts.
Patent GB-1518774-A (GB)
Title: Method of electrolytically oxidizing metal-ions
IPC: C22B3/20
Filed: 1977-02-11
Abstract: 1518774 Oxidizing metal ions by electrolysis ELKEM-SPIGERVERKET AS 11 Feb 1977 [17 Feb 1976] 05810/77 HeadingC7B Metal ions are oxidized electrolytically as a chloride anolyte in a diaphragm cell in which the catholyte is a chloride of a cation other than the said metal. Examples refer to conversion of Fe II into Fe III in spent processing solutions used to leach Fe, Al or Si from Fe-Si or Zn, Cu from ores. Heavy metals, Ce, Eu, Cu and actinides may also be so oxidized. The catholyte may be HCl and/or an alkali or alkaline earth metal chloride, or may contain a reducible metal. A glass or artificial fibre diaphragm may be used. The anolyte may also contain the metal in its oxidized state and the conversion may or may not be completed
Patent GB-230269-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sleepers for railway rails
IPC: E01B3/16
Filed: 1924-03-08
Abstract: 230,269. Yates, C. R. March 8, 1924. Sleepers, metal, and securing rails thereto.- In metal sleepers 1 wherein the rail clips 3 are formed by cutting the metal and pressing it up above the plane of the sleeper, the metal forming the rail seat 2 is pressed down out of the plane of the sleeper to increase the area of meta' in resistance to shear stresses. Alternatively, the metal on either side of the rail seat is pressed up above the rail seat. The pressed-up part may extend across the rail clip or may taper to the edge of the sleeper, and may extend long tudinally to the base of the clip.
Patent GB-621996-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for effecting the hardening of deposits of ink and like compositions
IPC: B41F23/06
Filed: 1947-03-03
Abstract: <PICT:0621996/III/1> An apparatus for effecting rapid hardening or drying of printed or like deposits on webs or sheets is constructed to subject the printed or coated material to the action of the vapours of sulphur di-chloride or other hardening vapour without affecting the unprinted side of the material deleteriously and is especially applicable to the printing of transfers.  In Fig. 3, printed sheets 11 are carried by grippers 36 of a drum 25 through a chamber C1 supplied with <PICT:0621996/III/2> vapour of sulphur di-chloride from a vapour generator 53, the chamber C1 being surrounded by a chamber C fitted with an exhaust pipe 50 which draws off any vapour escaping from the chamber C1 at the entrance aperture 48 for the sheet, or at the exit 49.  Air is drawn through openings 44, 45 formed between the lower edges 42, 43 of the outer housing 41 of chamber C and the surface of the drum 25, and the opening 45 is formed at the bottom of an elongated passageway 45a to enable any vapour clinging to the treated sheet to be drawn off before the sheet passes to the delivery band 38.  The unprinted sides of the sheets 11 are not affected by the vapours as they cling to the drum 25 and so are not spoilt by the vapours.  In Fig. 4, one unit of a multi-colour rotary press is shown in which the web passing from one printing-couple 64, 65 is led over a curved surface 48 of a treating chamber 73 and is guided by rolls 86, 87 and is then passed to further printing-couples and treating chambers.  The chambers are similar in construction to that for treating sheets, and the vapours are supplied by a pipe 75 common to all the treating-chambers, and a suction manifold 78 serves for the outer chambers 96 which withdraw escaping vapours.
Patent GB-812787-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing alkyl boron compounds
IPC: C07F5/02
Filed: 1957-02-22
Abstract: Boron trialkyls, alkylboronic or alkylborinic acid esters are prepared by reacting boric acid esters or alkylboronic or alkylborinic acid esters with an aluminium trialkyl, or an etherate thereof, or an aluminium alkoxy alkyl at normal or elevated temperature.  Boron trialkyls may be prepared by reacting a boric acid ester with aluminium trialkyl, preferably using a 5 to 20 per cent excess of aluminium alkyl.  Aluminium alkoxy alkyls are formed as intermediate aluminium compounds and alkylboronic and alkyl-borinic acid esters arise as intermediate boron compounds. Alkylboronic acid esters may also be obtained by reacting 3 mols. of boric acid ester with one mol. of aluminium trialkyl.  The reaction may be effected in the presence of solvents such as the boron alkyl which it is desired to produce, propane, hexane, octane, decane, benzene, methyl naphthalene, mineral oils, methylene chloride and silicon tetramethyl, and may be carried out in a closed vessel under pressure.  The preferred boric acid esters are the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, and butyl esters The use of aluminium alkyls facilitates the isolation of the product.  For instance, when boric acid methyl ester is reacted with aluminium triethyl the resultant boron triethyl can be separated from the precipitated aluminium trimethylate by centrifuging, dissolving, filtering or distilling it out.  If boric acid ethyl or higher esters are used, the boron trialkyl produced may be distilled off.  In examples: (1) aluminium triethyl is added dropwise to ethyl borate with stirring and the mixture is boiled under reflux for 3 hours then boron triethyl is recovered by distillation; (2) aluminium triethyl is added to ethyl borate dissolved in boron triethyl while stirring, the addition being made at such a rate as to maintain the temperature between 80 DEG and 90 DEG  C., and boron triethyl is recovered by distillation; (3) aluminium triethyl is added to methyl borate in boron triethyl so as to maintain the temperature at 80-90 DEG  C., after distilling off the boron triethyl/ethylboric acid ester mixture, a similar amount of aluminium triethyl is added dropwise to the distillate to produce further conversion to boron triethyl.  Aluminium trimethyl or aluminium tributyl may be similarly reacted with methyl or ethyl borate to obtain yields of boron trimethyl or boron tributyl.  (4) Examples (2) and (3) are repeated using a mineral oil of B.P. 190-200 DEG  C./1 mm. as a diluent.
Patent GB-100367-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Carburettors for Internal-combustion Engines.
IPC: F02M7/24
Filed: 1916-04-27
Abstract: 100,367. Soc. du Carburateur ZÚnith. Dec. 4, 1913, [Convention date]. Spray carburettors.-In carburettors having an auxiliary or slow speed nozzle fed from a well open to the atmosphere and supplied through a submerged restricted orifice, and discharging into the induction pipe near the edge of the throttle valve, means are provided for closing or partly closing the air inlet to the well to facilitate starting, and to obtain, when desired. an increased output from such nozzle. The slowspeed nozzle g and the restricted orifice bare situated in a well a open to the atmosphere through holes d. These holes may be closed or partly closed by a spring-loaded piston p actuated from the dash-board of the vehicle. To prevent complete closure of the holes d, a small orifice in the piston may, in the closed position, come opposite one of the holes. Specification 2616/14 is referred to.
Patent GB-667489-A (GB)
Title: Feeders for molten glass
IPC: C03B7/092
Filed: 1950-03-10
Abstract: 667,489. Glass manufacture. HARTFORDEMPIRE CO. March 10, 1950 [April 21, 1949], No. 6107/50. Class 56. A glass feeder comprising a feeding chamber having a well 7 terminating in a discharge orifice 30, a refractory cover c over the feed chamber provided with a substantially cylindrical opening 45, heating means B2, a reciprocable plunger 48 and a sleeve 47 around and spaced from the plunger and adjustable to and from the well, is characterised by a multi-part blending and stirring implement 46 rotatable around the sleeve and projecting through the opening. The stirrer has an upper cylindrical portion in the annular space between the wall of the opening and the sleeve which is of such dimensions as to form a substantial bar to the passage of radiation and hot glass through the opening. The feed chamber has a kerb 6 extending above its floor at the upper portion of the well and the lower portion of the stirrer depends below the top of the kerb. In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 4 the stirrer comprises segmental members having substantially straight vertical legs 51; in Fig. 6 the segments are spaced apart by gaps 610 shaped as shown.
Patent GB-1468760-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for calcination of lime
IPC: F27D13/00
Filed: 1974-03-11
Abstract: 1468760 Preheating and calcining lime WESTS (MANCHESTER) Ltd 11 March 1974 [22 Aug 1973] 06110/74 Heading F4B In a lime calcining apparatus comprising a solids material supply hopper 10 connected to a fluidized bed calciner 15 and a gas cleaning system (not shown) by a system of pipes 23, into which are connected solids/gas separators 12, 13. In operation, limestone flows from the hopper 10 into the calciner 15 through the pipes 23 as indicated by arrows 19, and hot exhaust gases flow from the calciner 15 to the gas cleaning system through the pipes 23 as indicated by arrows 20, the solids and gases partly intermingling and thereby preheating the solids. As shown, also connected to the pipes are dedusting cyclones 11, 14, and transfer valves 11A, 12A, 13A and 14A are provided that are opened and closed automatically according to a predetermined programme. The cyclone 11, separators 12, 13 and cyclone 14 are staggered vertically to assist gravitational flow of the solids material. The separators 12, 13 may be either baffle chambers or cyclones.
Patent GB-452660-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of compounds from halogenated paraffin wax
IPC: C07C51/25
Filed: 1935-02-26
Abstract: Carboxylic acids are prepared by oxidizing the unsaturated compounds obtained by the action of alcoholic alkalis on halogenated paraffin wax.  Treatment with chromic or nitric acid, preferably in excess, and with or without air blowing may be employed.  The product may be purified as by washing with water, dissolved in alkali, incompletely oxidized material extracted with ether, and the carboxylic acid precipitated with mineral acid. When the initial unsaturated compounds contain more than one double bond, unsaturated acids are produced.  These initial compounds can be made by reacting chlorinated paraffin wax with, e.g. alcoholic potash at 180--200 DEG C. and 10--15 atm.  The chlorinated paraffin wax may first be treated to separate the dichlor- and monochlor - bodies by molecular distillation as described in Specification 452,662, or the compounds obtained by the action of the alkali may be so treated as described in Specification 452,661.  In examples: (1) a chlorinated paraffin wax fraction, largely the dichlor-wax, separated by molecular distillation, is autoclaved at 148 DEG  C. with methyl alcoholic potash.  The purified product is heated to 60 DEG  C. with H2SO4, and sodium dichromate added.  The product is mainly an unsaturated monobasic acid; (2) the product obtained by autoclaving a chlorinated paraffin wax with alcoholic potash at 150 DEG  C. is heated with H2SO4 and sodium dichromate while air blowing.  The purified product on molecular distillation gave a solid fraction which is mainly a dibasic acid and a liquid fraction which is a mixture of mono- and di-basic acids.
Patent GB-398179-A (GB)
Title: Improved appliances for playing board games simulating football
IPC: A63F3/00
Filed: 1932-03-01
Abstract: 398,179. Board games. ANGERS ON, W., 136, Wellington Road, Bilston, Staffordshire, and JOHNSON, A. W., 31, Endicott Road, Aston, Birmingham. March 1, 1932, No. 6180. [Class 132 (ii).] Apparatus for playing a board game simulating football comprises a board having playing positions marked by transverse lines, goals arranged on the board, a movable object representing the ball, a plurality of separately movable objects representing the members of the opposing teams, all the movable members having pegs to fit in holes formed in the board. The moves are according to rules prescribed and are made along the lines or squares. Various markings are as shown for example on the drawing.
Patent GB-538531-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved toy gun
IPC: F41B7/08
Filed: 1940-04-05
Abstract: 538,531. Toy gun and target. MARX & CO., Ltd., L. (Marx & Co., Inc., L.). April 5, 1940, No. 6210. [Classes 132 (ii) and 132 (iii)] Relates to the type of gun having a rotating spring blade'which meets a stop and is flexed and then released to propel shot, and consists in providing an annular passage into which the shot is fed and into which the end of the spring projects. A target T has an extension A on which is mounted the gun G which is limited in azimuthal and elevational movements so that its spherical projectile will always strike the target area and be deflected from the back wall 16 on to the bottom 18 whence it will roll via a trough in extension A to the gun G, the trough thereby serving as a magazine. The balls are fed to the gun through a hollow trunnion 50 immediately below a horizontal turning pivot, so that the feed is not affected by the position of the gun. The gun is operated by crank 14 which is geared to shaft 24 which carries spring blades 26 gripped between pieces of sheet rubber 28. The end of each blade 26 is reduced to finger 36 which engages a ball at the bottom of annular casing 22 to carry it upwards until shoulders 38 flex finger 36 and spring detent 122 momentarily halts the ball, after which finger 36 projects the ball into the barrell 20. A flywheel 72 renders the operation of the gun smooth. The gun is aimed by handle 12. Additional targets 110 are suspended by string from the top 78 of the main target. A movable target 116 (Fig. 2, not shown) comprises a piece of sheet metal carried by a twisted wire, which can be knocked over by a projectile.
Patent GB-430109-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to date indicators
IPC: G04B19/253
Filed: 1934-02-26
Abstract: 430,109. Dateindicators. CHARLES, A., 261, Norbury Avenue, Norbury, SMITH, E. W., and SMITH METERS, Ltd., 186, Kennington Park Road, both in London. Feb. 26, 1934, Nos. 6225/34 and 2402/35. [Class 106 (iv)] A date-indicator comprising datenumber and month-name bearing members is driven by a synchronous electric motor. The indicator may be combined with a clock driven by the same motor, in which case a cam 14, Fig. 4, rotates once in 24 hours and actuates a lever 20 carrying a pawl 26 which engages teeth on the date-number disc 5, Fig. 2. This disc is thus stepped anticlockwise and tensions a spiral spring, the disc being detained by a detent 43. On the back of the disc are four pins arranged to co-operate with a slider 32. The slider is positioned in a slot in a lever 49 to a position corresponding with the number of days in the month. In the first position, the slider is engaged by the first pin after 28 days, in the second position by the second pin after 29 days, and so on. When this engagement occurs, the lever 49 is rocked and the detent 43 released, whereupon the spiral spring returns the number disc 5 to its initial position. During the rocking of the lever 49, a pawl 38 pivoted at 40 to the lever advances the month-name sector 6. A detent 60, Fig. 3, is released by the sector 6 at the end of December and the sector then returns to its initial (January) position by gravity. A day-name disc 7 is actuated from the date-member disc by a ratchet mechanism. The position of the slider 32 is adjusted to correspond to the number of days in the month by an arm 73 actuated by a lever 80 having an end 81 engaged by a cam on the back of the month-name sector 6. A plunger 84 is carried by the number disc 5 and engages a lantern wheel 87 having a cam 88 which actuates a pawl 93 driving a ratchet wheel 95. This ratchet wheel rotates once in four years and in February of leap year a pin 98 engages the lever 80 to position the slider 32 for a 29- day month.