baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20090064636-A (KR)
Title: Optical pick-up device
Inventor: JUNG CHUNG IN
IPC: G11B7/1374
Filed: 2007-12-17
Abstract: An optical pickup device is provided to perform the tracking servo of an optical disc accurately by positioning a diffraction grating on a photo diode single route. An optical pickup device comprises: a first optical source part(111) emitting the laser light of wavelength corresponding to DVD/CD; a second optical source part(112) emitting the laser light of the wavelength corresponding to HD-DVD/BD; a first objective lens(131) having openings which are suitable for HD-DVD/DVD/CD; a second objective lens(132) having openings which are suitable for BD; and a prism reflecting or passing the laser light comes out from a first light source or a second light source or the laser light reflected in the optical disc.
Patent KR-20090065029-A (KR)
Title: Fabrication method of substrate for forming device and fabrication method of nirtride semiconductor laser diode
Inventor: SUNG YOUN JOON
IPC: H01S3/0941
Filed: 2007-12-17
Abstract: A method for fabricating a substrate to form a device and a method for manufacturing nitride semiconductor laser diode are provided to reduce roughness and operating current by forming a nitride semiconductor layer of C-side. A method for fabricating a substrate for forming a device and a method for producing a nitride semiconductor laser diode comprise a step of preparing GaN substrate containing a-side or m-side as a main surface; a step masking the main surface of the GaN substrate; and a step of applying the masked GaN substrate and forming crystallographic surface.
Patent KR-20080056669-A (KR)
Title: Receptionist robot device and receptionist system
Inventor: ICHINOSE RYOKO
IPC: B25J13/00
Filed: 2007-12-17
Abstract: A guide robot and a guide system are provided to determine guide information based on the position of a counterpart and the distance from the guide robot to the counterpart, so that a destination guide display function is performed. A guide robot(1) includes a guide information display(3) and a moving unit(9). The guide information display displays guide information for a counterpart(2). The moving unit is used to move the guide information display. A destination position setting unit(4) sets the position of a destination of the counterpart. A position detecting unit(5) detects the position of the counterpart. A guide position calculating unit(8) calculates a position to be guided based on the position of the counterpart and the distance from the guide robot to the counterpart.
Patent KR-20090065098-A (KR)
Title: Method for making and expressing of emotion message by using user device and user device therefor
Inventor: SHIN HEE SOOK
IPC: H04W8/24
Filed: 2007-12-17
Abstract: A method for making and expressing an emotion message by using a user device and the user device therefor are provided to make an emotion message in the user device, thereby making various messages. A user device makes an emotion message through combination of visual, tactile, and auditory expression patterns(302). The user device transmits the made emotion message to another user device. The user device expresses the emotion message transmitted from another user device according to synchronization between user check time and multi-sense expression(310~314).
Patent KR-20090070071-A (KR)
Title: Small low-power embedded system and preemption avoidance method thereof
Inventor: HWANG TAE HO
IPC: G06F1/32
Filed: 2007-12-26
Abstract: A small low-power embedded system and a preemption avoidance method thereof are provided to avoid preemption of a task based on dual priority scheduling while guaranteeing simultaneous operations of tasks. At least one periodic task is registered in a periodic run queue(110). At least one aperiodic task is registered in an aperiodic run queue(120). At least one device is used in running the periodic and aperiodic tasks. A scheduler(150) periodically runs a periodic task of the periodic run queue. The scheduler periodically runs an aperiodic task of the aperiodic run queue. The scheduler runs the periodic task and the aperiodic task by avoiding preemption of a task based on dual priority scheduling while guaranteeing simultaneous operations of tasks.
Patent KR-20090070384-A (KR)
Title: Imaging lens
Inventor: KWON DUK KEUN
IPC: G02B5/20
Filed: 2007-12-27
Abstract: An image pickup lens is provided to gain excellent aberration by using a second lens having power which is stronger than a first lens and a third lens, and to arrange the first, the second, and the third lenses successively. A first lens(10) has positive power. A second lens(20) has negative power. A third lens(30) has the positive power and a point of inflection on an upper surface. The first lens, the second lens, and the third lens are arranged successively from an objection direction, and the second lens has the power stronger than the power of the first and the third lenses. The point of inflection of the third lens amends spherical aberration, comatic aberration, and astigmatism.
Patent KR-20090072812-A (KR)
Title: Reference voltage generation circuit
Inventor: KIM SUNG MOOK
IPC: G11C5/14
Filed: 2007-12-28
Abstract: A reference voltage generating circuit is provided to increase an amplifying gain of an amplifier in a low operation voltage level by reducing a level of an input voltage of the amplifier. A voltage dividing part(1) divides voltages of a first node and a second node. The voltage dividing part includes a first voltage dividing part and a second voltage dividing part. The first voltage dividing part includes a first resistance device and a second resistance device. The second voltage dividing part includes a third resistance device and a fourth resistance device. The firs resistance device and the third resistance device have the same resistance value. The second resistance device and the fourth resistance device have the same resistance value. A first current generating part(2) receives an output signal of the voltage dividing part, and generates a first current(MIPTAT) having a temperature property. A second current generating part(3) receives an output signal of the voltage dividing part, and generates a second current(KICTAT) having a temperature property. A reference voltage generating part(4) receives the first current and the second current, and generates a reference voltage.
Patent KR-20070104508-A (KR)
Title: Wireless remote control system for vehicle functions
Inventor: BATZ THOMAS
IPC: B60R25/00
Filed: 2005-07-30
Abstract: The invention relates to a wireless remote control system (100) for vehicle functions (13.1, 13.2), comprising a portable remote control system (20) which comprises control elements which are used to activate control signals which are exchanged with a vehicle-sided transmitting/receiving device (11) in order to control the vehicle functions (13.1, 13.2). According to the invention, the remote control system (20) comprises the following components: at least one first control element which is allocated to a predetermined function of an electronic drive and/or access authorisation system (13.2), and at least one second control element and at least one display unit for a menu-type control of at least one level regulation system (13.1).
Patent KR-20080009256-A (KR)
Title: Mems based tunable antenna for wireless reception and transmission
Inventor: KIPNIS ISSY
IPC: H01Q9/04
Filed: 2005-06-09
Abstract: An antenna for a wireless device may be kept dynamically tuned to a desired center frequency to compensate for detuning which may be caused by environmental influences A sensor provides a feedback signal to a controller to select an appropriate capacitance value from a variable capacitor to tune the antenna for the wireless device The variable capacitor may comprise a plurality of fixed capacitors and MEMS switches arranged in parallel or may comprise a variable MEMS capacitor having a fixed lower plate and a flexible upper plate.
Patent KR-20070032803-A (KR)
Title: 실리콘 카바이드 반도체 장치를 위한 실리콘-리치니켈-실리사이드 오믹 접합
IPC: H01L21/324
Filed: 2005-06-30
Abstract: 오믹 접합을 형성하기 위한 방법과 그 오믹 접합 구조가 개시된다.  이 방법은 실리콘의 원자 분율이 니켈의 원자 분율보다 크게 되도록, 니켈과 실리콘이 실리콘 카바이드와 반응하는 온도보다 낮은 온도에서 니켈-실리콘 막을 실리콘 카바이드의 표면에 형성하는 단계, 및 상기 니켈-실리콘 막을 니켈과 실리콘 각각이 실리콘 카바이드와 반응하는 온도보다 낮으면서 실리콘의 원자 분율이 니켈의 원자 분율보다 큰 니켈-실리콘 화합물이 형성되는 온도로 열처리하는 단계를 포함한다.  이 방법은 상기 니켈-실리콘 막의 열처리 온도보다 높은 온도 및 유리(free) 탄소가 존재하지 않는 상평형도의 영역 범위 내에서 상기 니켈-실리콘 화합물을 어닐링하는 단계를 더 포함할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20070042183-A (KR)
Inventor: SINGH RAJIV R
IPC: C09K5/04
Filed: 2005-07-18
Abstract: 폐열을 재생하는 프로세스로서 다음을 포함한다.:(a) 액체 상태의 작동 유체를 상기 폐열을 생산하는 프로세스와 연동하여 열 교환기를 통해 통과시키는 단계; (b) 증기 상태의 작동 유체를 상기 열 교환기로부터 제거하는 단계; (c) 상기 증기 상태의 작동 유체를 팽창기로 통과시키며, 상기 폐열은 기계적 에너지로 전환되는 단계; 및 (d) 상기 팽창기로부터 응축기까지 상기 증기 상태의 작동 유체를 통과시키며, 상기 증기 상태의 작동 유체는 액체 상태의 작동 유체로 응축되는 단계. 바람직한 작동 유체는 하나 혹은 그 이상의 화학식 (I) (I) CR' y 를 포함하는 유기 랜킨 사이클 시스템 작동 유체로서, 여기에서 y는 3 또는 4 그리고 R'는 독립적으로 H, F, I, Br, 치환된 혹은 비치환된 C3-C9 알킬, 치환된 혹은 비치환된 C2-C9 알콕시, 치환된 혹은 비치환된 플루오로폴리에테르, 치환된 혹은 비치환된 C2-C9 알케닐, 치환된 혹은 비치환된 아릴, 치환된 혹은 비치환된 C6-C9 알킬아릴 또는 치환된 혹은 비치환된 C6-C9 알케닐아릴을 포함하며, 상기 화합물은 적어도 두개의 카본 원자들, 적어도 하나의 플루오르 원자를 포함하고 염소 원자는 포함하지 않을 것을 조건으로 하며, 나아가 어떠한 OH도 바람직하게는 적어도 3개의 카본 원자들로 치환될 것을 조건으로 한다. 
       
     작동 유체, 팽창기, 응축기
Patent KR-20070044041-A (KR)
Inventor: EVANYK WALTER R
IPC: A45D20/12
Filed: 2005-03-30
Abstract: 본 발명은 바람직한 수준에 도달될 때까지 상기 장치 내에 운동 에너지를 저장하기 위해 외부 전원을 사용하고, 그 후 상기 외부 전원이 휴대용 장치를 형성하기 위해 상기 장치로부터 분리되고 내부 전원이 상기 바람직한 운동 에너지 수준을 유지하기 위해 자동적으로 사용되는 향상된 휴대용 에너지 소비 장치에 관한 것이다. 이와 같이, 상기 외부 전원은 최소한 하나의 장치 부하가 온도와 같은 바람직한 작동 수준에 도달되게 하고, 그 후 상기 장치가 상기 외부 전원이 설치된 베이스로부터 분리되는 경우에 상기 외부 전원이 분리되고, 내부 전원만이 상기 바람직한 작동 수준을 유지하기 위해서 상기 최소한 하나의 장치 부하에 자동적으로 연결된다. 상기 바람직한 작동 수준을 유지하기 위해 상기 부하에 충분한 전력을 공급하기 위해서, 제어 회로는 상기 내부 전원과 그와 연결된 내부 부하 사이에 연결된다.
Patent KR-20070040851-A (KR)
Inventor: KERR JOHN S
IPC: G06F1/04
Filed: 2003-04-29
Abstract: 저 전력 모드를 갖는 전자 디바이스내의 주 및 부 프로세서용 공통 클록의 인에이블먼트를 동기화하는 방법은, 주 프로세서에 의한 통신 행위를 완료하는 제1 단계를 포함한다.  다음 단계는, 부 프로세서로부터의 클록 인에이블 신호를 모니터링 하는 단계를 포함한다.  다음 단계는, 부 프로세서가 모니터링 단계에서 인에이블된 클록을 갖지 않는 경우에, 부 프로세서의 타이밍을 주 프로세서의 주지의 타이밍과 비교하는 단계를 포함한다.  다음 단계는, 부 프로세서에 의한 클록 인에이블먼트를 주 프로세서의 클록 인에이블먼트와 동기화하는데 필요한 타이밍을 산출하는 단계를 포함한다.  다음 단계는, 부 프로세서의 주기적 타이밍과 주 프로세서의 주기적 타이밍을 동기화하기 위해 주 프로세서에 의한 제어하에, 부 프로세서를 전력 상승 및 전력 하강하는 단계를 포함한다. 
       
     주 프로세서, 클록 인에이블 신호, 통신 디바이스, 채널, 무선 전화기
Patent KR-20070044073-A (KR)
Inventor: NAKATA TETSUO
IPC: B23Q11/14
Filed: 2000-12-14
Abstract: 본 발명은 오일 펌프(12)에 의해 공작 기계(1)의 냉각 오일이 순환하는 냉각 오일 순환 회로(8)와, 압축기(15), 응축기(16), 감압 기구(17) 및 냉매와의 열교환에 의해 냉각 오일 순환 회로(8) 중의 냉각 오일을 냉각하는 증발기(18)를 차례로 접속하여 구성되는 냉동 회로(20)와, 압축기(15)의 모터(14)의 운전 주파수를 제어하는 인버터(28)를 포함하는 오일 조화기(7)에 관한 것으로서, 오일 펌프(12)에 의한 쓸데없는 에너지 소비를 억제하는 것을 목적으로, 압축기(15)의 운전이 정지되었을 때에, 그 모터(14)의 운전 주파수를 제어하는 인버터(28)의 출력을 오일 펌프(12)의 모터(11)로 절환하여 접속하고, 오일 펌프(12)에 의한 냉각 오일의 순환량을 가변하여, 공작 기계(1)의 휴지 등에 의해 그 발열량이 감소할 때에, 오일 펌프(12)에 의한 냉각 오일의 순환량을 감소시켜, 오일 펌프(12)에 의한 저에너지화를 도모한다. 
       
     온도 제어, 가변, 인버터, 순환 펌프, 오일 펌프
Patent KR-20070059197-A (KR)
Title: Method to extend the utilization of a catalyst in a multistage reactor system
Inventor: DIFFENDALL GEORGE F
IPC: B01J8/00
Filed: 2005-09-29
Abstract: The invention provides a method to extend the utilization of a catalyst in a multistage reaction system, provided that a primary reaction and a secondary (or more) catalyst-poisoning reaction occur on the same catalyst, and the rate of the secondary (or more), catalyst-poisoning reaction is faster than the rate of the primary reaction.
Patent KR-20070063043-A (KR)
Title: 4-phenylsulfonamidopiperidines as calcium channel blockers
Inventor: BENJAMIN ELFRIDA R
IPC: A61K31/4468
Filed: 2005-10-14
Abstract: The invention relates to piperidinyl compounds of Formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, or solvate thereof, wherein R1-R3 and Z are defined as set forth in the specification. The invention is also directed to an assay useful for identifying such compounds as N-type calcium channel modulators or blockers. The invention is also directed to the compounds of Formula (I) and compounds identified by the above assay, and the use of such compounds to treat, prevent or ameliorate a disorder responsive to the blockade of calcium channels, and particularly N-type calcium channels. Compounds of the present invention are especially useful for treating pain.
Patent KR-20070084316-A (KR)
Title: Flow control valve
Inventor: HASUNUMA MASAHIRO
IPC: F16K1/02
Filed: 2005-10-03
Abstract: A flow control valve, comprising a housing (11) in which a valve hole (13) is formed, a needle valve (60) moving relative to a valve seat (16) in the housing, and a flow control knob (40) fitted to the base end of the needle valve extending from the housing. The needle valve is moved relative to the valve seat by turning the flow control knob to control the flow rate of a fluid flowing in the valve hole. The flow control valve also comprises a knob fixing means (35) fixing the rotation of the flow control knob to prevent the flow rate from being fluctuated by the carelessness of a user. In addition, the flow control valve comprises a seal adjusting means (20) adjusting a sealed state between the housing and the needle valve. The seal adjusting means may be formed as a part of the housing, and may be fixed to the housing with a fixing pin (15).
Patent KR-20070074643-A (KR)
Title: A method and a network architecture for configuring a radio terminal, radio terminal, network node and a computer program product therefor
Inventor: BURACCHINI ENRICO
IPC: H04W8/24
Filed: 2004-10-28
Abstract: A network architecture and a method for configuring a reconfigurable radio terminal, including a communication network and at least one radio terminal (UE/MS) belonging to said communication network. The architecture further comprises a node (OTA-Server), connected to the communication network and including operating software modules suitable to reconfigure the radio terminal (UE/MS) through an over-the-air connection and transparently to the communication network.
Patent KR-20070107668-A (KR)
Title: Rod-coupling assemblies
Inventor: ENSIGN MICHAEL D
IPC: A61B17/56
Filed: 2005-11-21
Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to rod-coupling assemblies for coupling rods from separate pedicle screw systems. The rod-coupling assemblies generally include at least one rod-receiving body and at least one cam mechanism. The rod-receiving body and cam mechanism cooperate to capture and retain a distraction rod therewith. The cam mechanism includes a helical cam surface that mates with the rod and urges the rod into a retained position by rotation of the cam mechanism. In one embodiment, the assembly is configured to capture and retain two rods with one rod-receiving body. In another embodiment, the assembly is configured to capture and retain a rod and a head portion of a pedicle screw in one rod-receiving body. In yet another embodiment, the assembly includes a lever that is actuated to fix a first rod-receiving body to a second rod-receiving body.
Patent KR-20070092988-A (KR)
Title: Stabilization and performance of autocatalytic electroless processes
Inventor: REMGARD ANDERS
IPC: C23C18/31
Filed: 2005-12-13
Abstract: Disclosed is a method of plating a substrate with a metal using an autocatalytic electroless plating bath wherein the bath is operated above its cloud point temperature such that at least two phases are present in the bath. An autocatalytic electroless plating bath for coating silver metal is also described. A method for autocatalytic plating of silver metal directly onto a silicon surface without the need for an intervening layer of metal is also disclosed. The deposits of silver obtained are uniform, non-porous and have electrical properties. The technique can be applied for different processes and bath formulations i.e. different metals, complexing agents and reducing agents.
Patent KR-20070099615-A (KR)
Title: Mixer and/or swirler and mixing and/or swirling methods
Inventor: STRAHMANN LUDER
IPC: F15D1/08
Filed: 2005-12-20
Abstract: Previous devices and methods offer solutions for mixing and/or turbulent mixing tasks. Said solutions are lacking in the implementation and/or optimization of important factors such as mixing and turbulent mixing intensity and/or natural liquid, vapor and gas-specific mixing and turbulent mixing and/or cost-efficient application possibilities and/or precise controllability of numerous substances and amounts. The aim of the invention is to better combine or optimize said factors. Through-flow plates (2,3) which are provided with special hole arrangements and matching mixing and/or turbulent mixing aids such as funnels (4) enable better control, regulation and optimization of flow speeds, mixing and/or turbulent mixing intensities and combinations and complex mixing and/or turbulent mixing processes. The invention is suitable for efficient mixing and/or turbulent mixing of liquids and/or mixtures of liquids and solids and/or vapors and/or gases. Many applications are conceivable, e.g. in water treatment, the food and beverages industry, medicine, pharmaceuticals, biology, physics and chemistry.
Patent KR-20070087159-A (KR)
Title: Member for rainwater containing structure and rainwater containing structure body using the same
Inventor: MIYAJI HIDEKI
IPC: E03B11/14
Filed: 2005-10-04
Abstract: A member for a rainwater containing structure, having pipe-like longitudinal members (3) with a predetermined length, lateral members (2) for forming, together with the pipe-like longitudinal members (3), a three-dimensional structure body, and connection jigs(1) for connecting the pipe-like longitudinal members (3) to the lateral members (2). When the pipe-like longitudinal members (3) and the lateral members (2) are assembled in the three-dimensional structure body through the connection jigs (1), a space can be formed inside the structure body.
Patent KR-20070099002-A (KR)
Title: Apparatus and method for laundering
Inventor: RAMATI DAVID
IPC: D06F33/02
Filed: 2005-12-21
Abstract: A method for laundering textiles comprising washing the textiles using a cation solution; and bleaching and disinfecting the textiles using an anion solution.
Patent KR-20070095370-A (KR)
Title: Cylinder injection type spark ignition internal combustion engine
Inventor: ASHIZAWA TAKESHI
IPC: F02F3/26
Filed: 2006-06-12
Abstract: A cylinder injection type spark ignition internal combustion engine, comprising a fuel injection valve jetting a fuel directly into a cylinder, a spark plug having an ignition gap positioned in the flying route of the fuel jetted from the fuel injection valve, and a cavity formed at the top face of the piston. In a stratified combustion, the fuel injection valve jets approximately all fuel in a tumble flow vertically turning along the cavity in a compression stroke in the direction that the jetted fuel is converged with the tumble flow along the turning direction thereof, and performs ignition by the spark plug while the fuel at the last of injection passes the ignition gap.
Patent KR-20070100372-A (KR)
Title: Transmitter image suppression in tdd transceivers
Inventor: MOHINDRA RISHI
IPC: H04B1/38
Filed: 2000-11-29
Abstract: In a transceiver comprising a time- division-duplex (TDD) of transmit and receive functions, the characteristics of unwanted image signal energy being transmitted from the transceiver are determined, and thereafter feedback is provided to the transmitter to reduce this unwanted image signal energy. The image signal energy is measured by the receiver component of the transceiver and fed back to the transmitter component of the transceiver. The transmitter component uses the fed back information to adjust the gain and or phase relationship between the quadrature signals that are subsequently quadrature-phase modulated and transmitted. A variety of techniques can be employed to allow the image signal energy to be measured directly by the receiver component. The phase modulation signals at the transmitter can be interchanged, so that the unwanted image signal energy is transmitted in the sideband of the intended signal. Alternatively, the phase modulation signals at the receiver can be interchanged, so that the receiver's operating frequency is shifted from the frequency of the transmitter's intended signal sideband to the frequency of the transmitter's unwanted image signal sideband.
Patent KR-20070120968-A (KR)
Title: Glass plate conveyance pallet
Inventor: HIRABAYASHI TAKAO
IPC: B65D19/38
Filed: 2006-02-15
Abstract: [PROBLEMS] A glass plate conveyance pallet with good operability, where, even when glass plates are vertically layered on the conveyance pallet, no sag occurs about the center of the glass plates and sliding between the glass plates does not occur even in movement. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] Because a center bar (10) is made to be in contact with the vicinity of a central section (17a) of a cover body (7) covering glass plates (17) that are vertically layered, sag in the vicinity of the central section (17a) of the individual glass plates (17) that are layered and supported can be suppressed by the center bar (10). As a result, even during transfer of the conveyance pallet (1), movement of the layered and supported glass plates (17) is reliably prevented to prevent breakage of the glass plates (17). Further, the fixation and release of the layered and supported glass plates (17) by the center bar (10) can be made by swing motion of a support arm (9), so that operation is easy and, even if the number of layers of the glass plates (17) is increased or decreased, such a change can be easily coped with by changing the swing radius of the center bar (10).
Patent KR-20070105392-A (KR)
Title: Housing for magnetically controlled damper
Inventor: CARLSON J DAVID
IPC: F16F9/53
Filed: 2001-03-29
Abstract: A magnetically controlled friction damper (101) includes a housing (103) defining a cavity (105) and including a slot (109) therethrough. A movable member (107) is located within the cavity and is movable relative to the housing. A magnetic field generator (115) located on either the housing or the movable member causes the housing to press against the movable member to develop a friction damping force.
Patent KR-20080027763-A (KR)
Title: Preloaded one-way valve accumulator
Inventor: STAMPS FRANK BRADLEY
IPC: F16F13/10
Filed: 2006-03-17
Abstract: A vibration isolator for connecting a first body and a second body includes a housing having a first chamber (22), a second chamber (26), and a port (24) connecting the first chamber (22) to the second chamber (26) and permitting fluid (34) to flow between the first chamber (22) and the second chamber (26). The first and second chambers (22), (26) and the port (24) defining a fluid reservoir (27). The isolator (10) includes a gas-to-fluid accumulator (30) in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir (27) through a first one-way valve (140) and a second one-way valve (142). The first one-way valve (140) allows fluid (34) to pass only from the fluid reservoir (27) to the accumulator (30) and the second one-way valve (142) allows fluid (34) to pass only from the accumulator (30) to the fluid reservoir (27). At least one of the first and second one-way valves (140), (142) being preloaded to a predetermined force to permit fluid flow through the at least one-way valve (140), (142) only when fluid pressure exceeds the predetermined force. ® KIPO & WIPO 2008
Patent KR-20080003943-A (KR)
Title: A method and a device for adjusting power amplifier properties
Inventor: HAMALAINEN MIIKKA
IPC: H03G3/00
Filed: 2004-02-25
Abstract: A method and a device for tuning power amplifier (PA, 203) properties such as back-off. A peak-to-average value (PAR) of the amplifier input signal is first obtained by the control means (206) and then used for adjusting the power amplifier (203) with the tuning means (204, 208, 210) functionally connected to the amplifier (203). The suggested solution is advantageously exploited in a wireless communications device like a mobile terminal to optimise the performance thereof by, for example, reducing the power dissipation in the transmitter.