baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-339235-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of carboxylic acids from nitriles
IPC: C07C51/08
Filed: 1929-12-18
Abstract: 339,235. Johnson, J. Y., (I.. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Dec. 18, 1929. Divided on 332,258. Acetic and other carboxylic acids are obtained by saponification of the nitriles by continuously passing the nitrile vapour in contact. with a current of a mineral acid such as a 50-90 per cent sulphuric or phosphoric acid. The vapour may pass in the same or opposite direction to the stream of acid. The acid may be used in excess, in which case the excess is neutralized by ammonia, or an ammonia base. The nitrile vapours as produced by the process of Specification 332,258 may be passed directly into the saponification vessel, or may be first condensed (especially when diluent reducing gases are present) the condensate being then vaporized, for instance by a stream of inert gas, and led into the saponification vessel; or the condensate may be introduced into the saponification vessel in liquid form in such conditions as to allow of vaporization in the saponification vessel. In the examples, (1) a mixture of acetylene and ammonia is passed over zinc chloride on silica gel at 400‹ C. and the vapours are passed through a vessel kept at 80‹ C. to remove any pyridine and then into an acid-proof tower containing Raschig rings of fireclay over which sulphuric acid trickles at 200-220‹ C.; the acetic acid vapour leaving the top of the tower is freed from hydrocyanic and sulphuric acid in a dephlegmator and yields on cooling an acid of 25-30 per cent; (2) the nitrile vapour is passed into the bottom of a tower containing lead Raschig rings fed with sulphuric acid of 70 per cent at 150‹ C., yielding acetic acid of 40 per cent; (3) a. mixture of 80 parts hydrogen, 5 parts nitrogen, 5 parts methane, 10 parts acetylene.. and 10 parts ammonia is passed at 380-400‹ C. over a granulated catalyst prepared from a paste of zinc oxide, chromium oxide and magnesium chloride, the vapours being passed through a packed tower to condense part of the nitrile while the remainder is collected in silica gel, active carbon, &c., the exit gas containing 75-80 per cent of hydrogen : the acetonitrile is evaporated, if desired with the aid of a current of air, and introduced into a tower containing porcelain or lead Raschig rings and fed with 80 per cent sulphuric acid at 170‹ C.; or the liquid nitrile may be introduced directly into the saponification vessel which is kept at a temperature above the boiling point of the nitrile; (4) the tower is fed with 90 per cent phosphoric acid at 190‹ C. yieding acetic acid of 50 per cent. The ammonium salts produced may be recovered.
Patent GB-1263253-A (GB)
Title: Heat exchangers
Inventor: BELL ALAN
IPC: F28B1/00
Filed: 1968-04-16
Abstract: 1,263,253. Condensation of vapours; heat exchangers. FOSTER WHEELER JOHN BROWN BOILERS Ltd. 15 May, 1969 [16 April, 1968], No. 18002/68. Heading B1B. In a heat-exchanger in which steam or other vapour, containing non-condensable gases, flows from conduit 22 and one or more manifolds 18 into tubes 14 wherein the vapour is partially condensed by cooling fluid (which may be fluid-to-be-heated) flowing through shell 16, the outlet ends of the tubes are connected to one or more upright collector manifolds 20 which lead down to a drain 24 for collecting condensate and uncondensed vapour mixed with non-condensable gases, a recirculation line 32 leads from the vapourspace of the drain to the inlet conduit 22 of the tubes 14, and a vent line 36 extends from the recirculation line for purging vapour and gases from the system. Valves 34 and 38 are adjusted so that accumulation of gases and flow-stagnation do not occur in the system. Alternatively, the gases may be purged through vent-condenser 40, in which case no vapour is lost from the system. A parallel pass conduit 30 extends from the top to the bottom of each collector manifold 20. The vapour to be condensed in the tubes may be high-pressure steam, and the fluid passing through the shell may be low-pressure steam.
Patent GB-991971-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in direction finding aerials
Inventor: PEDERSEN WALTHER DAHLSLUND
IPC: G01S1/02
Filed: 1962-05-10
Abstract: 991,971. Aerials; radio direction-finders. S.P. RADIO A.S. May 9, 1963 [May 10, 1962], No. 18008/62. Headings H4A and H4D. A radio direction-finding aerial comprises a tuning coil 2 connected to a variable capacitor 4, a coupling coil 5 connected to a coaxial line 6 feeding the receiver, a ferrite rod 1, a coil former 3, and a metallic electrostatic shield 7. Sharp nuls, with substantially no displacement from 180 degrees apart, are thereby afforded. Rod 1 is preferably slotted, Fig. 1a, and is protected by an insulating tube 10 slightly larger in diameter than the rod and sealed thereto by wax 11. A conductor 12 is added. Extension 8 is an insulator, to avoid " open-aerial " effect. Coil 5 is equally spaced from the nearby wall of housing 7, coil 2 and rod 1 so as to minimize leakage and hand capacitance. Wax 11 may be replaced by bitumen and holds the rod together if unintentionally broken.
Patent GB-1261840-A (GB)
Title: Machine tool
Inventor: LANGENBACH BOB J
IPC: B23B41/00
Filed: 1969-04-28
Abstract: 1,261,840. Drilling machine. ABEX CORP. 28 April, 1969 [13 Aug., 1968], No. 18173/71. Divided out of 1,261,839. Heading B3C.  In a machine tool for drilling vent holes in tyre moulds, a drill head 55 has guides 210 for a carriage 230, a motor-driven drill 40 on the carriage, a cylinder 241 for reciprocating the carriage, a first fixed drill bush support 205, and a second drill bush support carried by a carriage 220 guided by guides 210, the drill bush supports being arranged so that at no time during the feed of the drill is it unsupported for more than half of its length. The machine tool is described in U.K. Specification 1,261,839.
Patent GB-639862-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to ultra high frequency space resonant systems
IPC: H03B5/18
Filed: 1947-07-10
Abstract: 639,862. Discharge apparatus. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. July 10, 1947, No. 18234. Convention date, Jan 28, 1943. [Class 39 (i)] [Also in Group XL (b)] A high-frequency amplifier comprises a discharge device within a resonator comprising a hollow cylinder 1 provided with axially adjustable means 27, 50 for controlling the resonant frequency of the resonator and one or more radially-adjustable stubs 53, 54, 55 for adjusting the frequency and for controlling the grid-cathode voltage of the discharge device. The grid lead may be taken out through an adjustable plunger 49 and.the anode connecting- rod 23 may be provided with an annular filter 26 to prevent escape of energy. In another embodiment, Fig. 1 (not shown), the resonator is provided with two longitudinally adjustable stubs and one radially adjustable stub, all arranged about a disc attached to the grid of the valve.
Patent GB-731771-A (GB)
Title: Water-cooled internal combustion engines
IPC: F01P11/10
Filed: 1953-07-01
Abstract: 731,771. Cooling engines. KLOCKNERHUMBOLDT-DEUTZ AKT.-GES. July 1, 1953 [Aug. 1, 1952], No. 18261/53. Class 7(2). [Also in Group XIII] In a water-cooled engine, e.g. having a horizontal cylinder 1 surrounded by a water jacket in communication with a cooling-water container 2 located above the cylinder, wherein an annular radiator 8 is ventilated by vanes 11 on a flywheel 3, the radiator and vanes being disposed in substantially the same plane, the radiator is arranged in an annular space 9 in the flywheel and the vanes, which may be detachably secured to the flywheel, are arranged externally of the radiator through which cooling air is drawn. The radiator 8 may be of dropshaped or aerofoil tubular section and have cooling fins 17, and the space 9 may be located on that side of the flywheel adjacent the engine. Openings 13 for the passage of cooling air may be provided in the flywheel, and an annular, covering plate 14 may be located adjacent to and on that side of the radiator remote from the flywheel.
Patent GB-1540170-A (GB)
Title: Decaffeination process
IPC: A23F3/38
Filed: 1977-05-02
Abstract: The aqueous extract having a high content of soluble materials is placed in contact with a water-immiscible liquid fat at a temperature of at least 65 DEG C for a period sufficient to transfer the caffeine from the aqueous extract towards the fat, and then the fat charged with caffeine is separated from the aqueous extract. After possible reincorporation of the volatile aromatic materials which were separated off before decaffeination, it is possible to dry the extract by spraying or by freeze-drying in order to obtain an instantly-dissolving powdered coffee or tea.
Patent GB-815040-A (GB)
Title: Variable-output hydraulic pump
IPC: F04B49/12
Filed: 1957-06-11
Abstract: 815,040. Radial cylinder pumps. ANCIENS ETABLISEMENTS PANHARD & LEVASSOR S. A., DES. June 11, 1957 [June 11, 1956], No. 18314/57. Class 102(1). [Also in Group XXIX] In a rotating radial cylinder pump each piston is actuated by a rocking lever pivoted to a rotating cage, each lever having one arm engaging a stationary cam and the other arm engaging its associated piston. In the embodiment shown the driving shaft 1 is connected to a flywheel 2 and plate 3 forming the cage. Rocking levers 5 are pivoted to the fly wheel at 7 and the plate 3 at 6 (not shown) one arm of which has curved surfaces 18 and 19 engaging rollers 20 secured by pins 22 to the piston while the other arm has rollers 10 mounted on it engaging a cam 13 secured to the pump casing. The cylinder block 25 rotates with the cage and a hydraulic servo-control (see Group XXIX). depending upon the pump delivery causes relative rotation between the cylinder block and cage to vary the stroke of the pistons. This control may also cause necessary movement of the hydraulic control shaft 29.
Patent GB-1008819-A (GB)
Title: Method of stabilizing chloroprene
IPC: C07C17/42
Filed: 1963-05-09
Abstract: Chloroprene monomer is stabilized against omega polymerization during purification, recovery or storage by addition thereto of an N-nitroso amine of the formula <FORM:1008819/C2/1> where R, R1 represent an alkyl group, and Ar a phenyl or a methyl phenyl group.  In the examples, which contain comparative data outside the scope of the invention using N-nitroso diphenylamine, the efficiency of using N-nitrosodimethylamine, N - nitroso - N - monomethyl aniline, N-nitroso-N-dibutylamine, N-nitroso dioctylamine, N-nitroso-methyl butylamine, N-nitroso-N-monomethyl and monobutyl anilines and p-toluidines are compared under conditions of storage and distillation.
Patent GB-146404-A (GB)
Title: Spring-needle knitting machine
IPC: D04B9/00
Filed: 1920-07-02
Abstract: 146,404. Hemphill Co., (Assignees of Wilcomb, F.). April 14, 1914, [Convention date]. Circular machines. - Relates to improved pressing, yarn-feed, and associated mechanism for use in connexion with machines with sliding bearded needles. Individual pressers 1 slide in radial tricks along with yarn guard bits 3 of much the same shape but with slightly broader front ends 4. The bits 3 are mounted one on each side of a presser 1 in the same trick and have single butts 7 which are operated by the same cam means as the presser butts 5. A space is thus provided between the two guard bits 3 where they project beyond the corresponding presser into which opening the needle beard passes as it travels downward to grasp the yarn. The bits 3 move far enough towards the needles to hold the yarn close to their stems, as shown in Fig. 7, but not close enough to crimp the yarn or to sink loops as would be done by sinkers. The beards travel down between the bits to seize the yarn and the prospers are then advanced, Fig. 8, to pressing position. The bits 3 also control the yarn in heel and toe work and prevent surplus yarn from catching under the web holder hooks 11. The yarn is laid in front of the bits 3 and as low down on the web holders as possible by a feed mouth 12 having a base portion 13 mounted on the cam ring by means of ears 14. The inner end of the feed mouth has a depending inwardly inclined portion 13<1> the lower end of which is close to the needle stems and to the top of the web holders. The yarn passes from the finger 21 to the lower corner 17 of an opening in the part 13<1> which is defined by the inclined walls 15 and horizontal floor 16, and is thus laid in proximity to the web holders whether round and round or reciprocating knitting is being performed. A detachable device 19 consisting of a rod extending up from the base of the mouthpiece guides the yarn into the mouthpiece as the yarns are changed or when splicing and reinforcing is done. The guard finger is attached to a bracket which can be turned up out of the way to permit of a transfer cup being applied to the needles in transferring a rib top.
Patent GB-774379-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to advertising or display apparatus
IPC: G09F11/23
Filed: 1953-07-02
Abstract: 774,379. Advertising apparatus. POSTUMUS, R. July 12, 1954 [July 2, 1953], No. 18400/53. Class 3 (1). An advertising or display device comprises a shaft 2a, 2b journalled in bearings 3, 4 disposed in a base member 1, 8 ; the shaft being driven by a motor 7 through a worm and worm wheel gearing and carrying at least two bottles 9.
Patent GB-1018343-A (GB)
Title: Flavouring composition
IPC: A23L27/00
Filed: 1964-05-04
Abstract: 1,018,343. Flavouring compositions. COLLET & CO. A/S. May 4, 1964 [Nov. 13, 1963], No. 18417/64. Heading A2B. A solid flavouring composition comprises an oil-containing granulate consisting of an amorphous sugar matrix having a moisture content not greater than 2.2% by weight and having encapsulated therein an essential flavouring fruit oil, and a fruit juice-containing granulate consisting of fine sugar having absorbed or distributed thereon fruit juice concentrate dry solids and having a moisture content not greater than 1.5% by weight. The oil-containing granulate may be prepared by heating a sugar mix until its moisture content is reduced to 0.8 to 2.2%, cooling the mix to 90‹-120‹C., dispersing therein an essential oil, cooling to room temperature, grinding and venting the mass with warm, dry air. The sugar mix may comprise sucrose, invert sugar, glucose, sorbitol, sextrose, lactose, calcium carbonate and water. The oil may be incorporated in soyabean flour or sugar to which has been added sodium carbonate, emulsifiers (e.g. polyoxyalkylene derivative of sorbitan monooleate), antioxidants (e.g. butylated hydroxyanisole) and colouring agents, before being added to the sugar melt. Vitamins may also be present in the oil-containing granulate. The oil may be orange or grapefruit. The fruit juice-containing granulate may be prepared by mixing powdered sugar with a fruit juice concentrate, drying and grinding. The substances mixed may be sucrose, sodium citrate, sodium chloride, ascorbic acid, calcium cyclamate, orange concentrate, grapefruit concentrate and vitamins. The solid flavouring composition may also include monosodium glutamate and citric acid.
Patent GB-1237296-A (GB)
Title: Dynamic mixer and centrifuge combination
Inventor: HOOPER ROBERT WILLIAM
IPC: B01D11/04
Filed: 1969-04-10
Abstract: 1,237,296. Liquid/liquid and liquid/gas contactor. R. W. HOOPER. 10 April, 1969, No. 18475/69. Heading B1F. In a mixer and centrifuge combination, the centrifuge barrel 6, Fig. 1, freely rotates about rotating mixer shaft 7, which shaft has attached discs 31. Hollow cylinders 26 are attached to the barrel 6 by radial vanes 28. Discs 31 may have sloping grooves as in Fig. 7, or radial passages 64 opening into central groove 65 as shown in Fig. 9, or may be perforated or have a serrated edge. The embodiment of Fig. 11 (not shown) relates to a horizontal centrifuge. In use, light liquid or gas introduced at 37 passes via bore 34 and passages 38 up inside the centrifuge, through annular gap 40 and leaves via passage 41. Heavy liquids enter at 24 via base 12, and passages 25, and leave via annular gaps 52 and 54 and passages 55. The apparatus can be used for liquid/liquid or liquid/gas contact.
Patent GB-815241-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ever-ready cases for photographic cameras
IPC: A45C11/38
Filed: 1956-06-15
Abstract: 815,241. Carrying cases for photographic cameras. HEIDECKE, R., and FRANKE, H., [trading as FRANKE & HEIDECKE FABRIK PHOTOGR. PRAZISIONS APPARATE.]. June 15, 1956 [July 5, 1955], No. 18452/56. Class 98(1) An ever-ready case for photographic cameras consists of a body with a downwardly hingeable cover, and a camera holding member pivoted in the case so that the camera may be swung through 180 degrees either completely within the body or upright on the top wall of the body. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the cover 2 is hinged to the body 1 by a pin 3 engaging bracket 1a, 2a, the bracket 1a being slotted. Packing 6 in a channel 5 round the rim of the cover ensures a dust-proof and liquid - tight closure. A U-shaped member 10 is pivoted on pins 9 (Fig. 7a), and carries sleeves 10a eccentric with respect to pins 9. Hooks 11 engage pins 12 on the case 1 to hold the cover in position, and are urged into engagement by springs 13 extending through slots 10b in sleeves 10a. When the handle 10 is swung upward, the eccentricity of the sleeves first moves the hooks 11 away from pins 12, then the ends of slots 10b engage the ends of springs 13, which are fixed to hooks 11 to pivot these away from pins 12. A U-shaped plate 16 (Figs. 2 and 6) is pivoted by a pin 14 to a bracket mounted on the underside of the top of the case 1. The camera 17 is fixed to a limb 16a of plate 16 by means of the tripod bush, or by a connection such as is described in Specification 780,142. When the cover 2 is open, the camera can be swung from the position shown in Fig. 2 through 180 degrees to a position wherein it rests on top of the casing. It may be held in position by press-studs, or, as shown in Fig. 6, the plate 16 may have elongated slots 19 embracing pin 14, which is under action of springs 27 so as to pull a bevelled edge 20 of plate 16 into engagement with studs 18. Double-acting springs may be fitted between the case 1 and cover 2 to urge them into either the fully open position or the fully closed position. When inside the case, the camera is cushioned by foam rubber strips 24, 25 (Fig. 2).
Patent GB-749606-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical signalling systems
Inventor: PUCKLE OWEN STANDIDGE
IPC: H04K1/04
Filed: 1953-07-07
Abstract: 749,606. Radio signaling. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. July 1, 1954 [July 7, 1953], No. 18763/53. Class 40 (5). A transmitter sends clear and inverted speech at alternating intervals and a control signal used at the receiver to reconstitute the speech. Any one of a plurality of receivers can be selectively called by adjusting the said intervals and the frequency of the control signal. At the transmitter, speech currents from microphone 1, Fig. 1, are applied to gating circuits 3, 4 through a band-pass filter 5. The gates are opened alternately by a multivibrator 2 so that clear speech is passed through gate 3 direct to the radio transmitter 10 and inverted speech is provided by gate 4 which includes a modulator fed from the oscillator 8, followed by a filter 9 which selects the lower sideband. The multi. vibrator 2 also chops the output from a control frequency oscillator 6 in modulator 7. The control frequency lies outside the speech band and is also fed to the transmitter 10. At the receiver, speech frequencies from the radio receiver 11, 12, 13, Fig. 2, are selected by the filter 14 and fed to the gates 20, 21 while the control frequency is selected by a tuned amplifier 15 followed by a limiter 16 which converts the oscillation trains to a square wave. The latter is differentiated by circuit 17, 18 and controls a flip-flop circuit 19 which alternately opens and closes the gates 20, 21. The clear speech is passed directly to the reproducer 24 through gate 20 and the inverted speech is re-inverted by gate 21 which includes a modulator fed from the oscillator 22, followed by a filter 23 which selects the lower sideband. The receiver may be switched to act as a transmitter by causing the flip-flop 19 to act as a multivibrator and the amplifier 15 to act as an oscillator.
Patent GB-1313398-A (GB)
Title: Unitary laminate
IPC: G03F1/68
Filed: 1970-04-20
Abstract: 1313398 Laminates MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO 20 April 1970 [21 April 1969] 18778/70 Heading B2E [Also in Divisions G2 and H1] A laminate comprises a backing layer carrying a flexible, dry strippable polymeric film which comprises a plasticisable polymer, a plasticiser compatible with said polymer of which a major portion consists of a non-ionic surfactant having in its hydrophilic moiety at least four consecutive, recurring oxyethylene units and at least one separate radiation absorber. The backing layer may be glass, coated paper, plastics film or a metal foil. The polymeric film may be united directly to the backing or it may be adhered by an adhesive, e.g. natural rubber, which has greater internal cohesion than adhesive strength to the backing and which remains adhered to the plastics film when it is stripped. The polymer may comprise cellulose actetate butyrate, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, polyvinylbutyrate, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of methyl methacrylate with ethyl or n-butyl methacrylate, cellulose propionate or mixtures thereof. The' plasticiser may be present in amounts of 5-60% wt and preferably contains at least 75 % of the surfactant of which many examples are given. The radiation absorber may be'an absorber of light, heat or X rays, e.g. carbon black, lead, lead oxide or other pigments or dyes. The polymeric film may include other additives, e.g. anti blocking agents. In one embodiment, a film of polyethylene terephthalate is coated with a natural rubber adhesive and then with a solution of a polymer, a non ionic surfactant and a dye and the laminate can be used for a machining pattern or template or in a photographic copying process (see Division C2). In another embodiment, a backing of copper foil adhered to a phenolic resin is coated with the polymeric film and the laminate is used in the manufacture of printed circuits (see Division H1).
Patent GB-1463884-A (GB)
Title: Protective garments
IPC: F25D3/10
Filed: 1974-04-29
Abstract: 1463884 Venting vessels VSES N I INST GORNOSPASATEL DELA 29 April 1974 [3 May 1973] 18778/74 Heading B8V [Also in Divisions F4 A3 F1 and A5] A liquid refrigerant reservoir 30 having a gas cushion formed of the refrigerant vapour is connected by a vapour pipe 41 and a pipeline 31 to a pneumatic pump (32, Fig. 2) for pumping a cooling medium around a circulation system including flexible pipes (2) and a header arrangement (3). The vapour pipe 41, with an integral flexible hose 42, is mounted in the reservoir 30 so that the open end always extends above the level of the liquid refrigerant into the gas cushion. The mounting is formed of a ball-andsocket joint 44, 45. A counterweight 43 opposite the pipe 41 ensures that the pipe 41 is vertical, irrespective of the position of the wearer. The hose 42 is fitted to a connecting piece 47 welded to the portion of the pipe 41 which is fitted to the body 36 of an outlet valve 35. The free end of this portion of the vapour pipe 41 is closed with a plug 48 and screw 49 to mount the ball joint 44.