baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-588903-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to high-frequency power measuring systems
IPC: G01R21/00
Filed: 1945-03-09
Abstract: 588,903. Power meters. ROBBINS, R. C. March 9, 1945, No. 6003. [Class 37] A high-frequency power measuring means consists of a frequency-independent resistance element, a second resistance having a relatively low temperature coefficient and of approximately the same resistance value, and a direct current meter connected to indicate direct current through the two resistances in parallel, or direct voltage across the two resistances in series, and thereby to measure power dissipation in said resistance element substantially independent of changes in its resistance value. The invention is based on the principle that when two nearly equal resistors R and S are connected in series with each other and a source of E.M.F., E, the power dissipation in S E2 is approximately -. In Fig. 1, a bolometer 4S lamp R in series with a resistance S of approximately equal value and of low temperature coefficient, with potentiometer V and galvanometer N form a bridge, the voltage of which is supplied by potentiometer P from battery B and is measured by meter M with series and shunt resistances Q and T. Application of high-frequency power to R causes an increase in its resistance and hence an unbalance of the bridge, balance being restored by a reduction of the bridge voltage, causing a decrease in the direct current through Sand R and hence a fall in the heating produced in R and a consequent drop in its resistance. Meter M can be calibrated directly in terms of high-frequency power, S and R being approximately equal, and by means of a double-pole, double-throw switch (not shown) M may be used as the galvanometer M. The resistance T is small compared with Q to prevent an appreciable change of bridge voltage when M is removed. Resistance R may be in the form of a thermistor. In Fig. 2, highfrequency power injected into frequency independent heater resistance R1 causes thermocouple X to produce a reading on meter M1 when switch L is in the right-hand position. The remainder of the circuit is used to calibrate M1, with L in the left-hand position, in terms of power dissipation in Rl. R1 and S1 are approximately equal and hence the voltage across them, measured by M1 and applied by potentiometer P1 from battery B1 is a measure of the power dissipation in resistance Rl. Resistance Q1 is large in comparison to Tl to prevent large voltage changes when switch L is moved and Q1 and S1 have as low a temperature coefficient as possible.
Patent GB-662467-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of biguanide derivatives
IPC: C07C279/26
Filed: 1949-03-07
Abstract: Biguanide derivatives of the general formula <FORM:0662467/IV (b)/1> (wherein R, R1 and R11 represent hydrogen or alkyl radicals of not more than 5 carbon atoms, and of A and B one represents the group <FORM:0662467/IV (b)/2> where of X, Y and Z one is Cl, Br or I and the others H, Cl, Br, I or alkyl radicals of 1-3 carbon atoms, and the other represents a lower alkyl radical such that the total number of carbon atoms in the radical or radicals attached to the nitrogen atom most remote from the aryl nucleus is greater than one but not greater than 8) are manufactured by the action of ammonia on an O-alkylguanylisourea of the formula <FORM:0662467/IV (b)/3> (wherein "Alkyl" includes substituted alkyl radicals, e.g. benzyl).  The process may be carried out by heating the reagents together in a closed vessel, preferably in the presence of a solvent or diluent. In an example, N-p-chlorophenylguanyl - N1 - isopropyl - O - ethylisourea is heated with a solution of ammonia in ethanol to produce N1-p-chlorophenyl-N5-isopropylbiguanide (isolated in the form of its acetate).  A list of additional products is given.
Patent GB-737998-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the anchoring of pillars or wires of ductile metal in sheets or plates
Inventor: MADLE PETER JOHN
IPC: H05K3/40
Filed: 1952-03-10
Abstract: 737,998. Jointing by forging; upsetting. ELLIOT BROS. (LONDON), Ltd. April 14, 1953 [March 10, 1952], No. 6216/52. Classes 83 (2) and 83 (4). A method of making an electrical tag plate comprises providing a plurality of apertures 3 in a plate 2 of electrically-insulating material, passing a pillar or wire loosely into each aperture, forcing the projecting ends of the pillar axially towards each other by means of anvils 4, 5 to upset the metal therebetween and cause it to fill the aperture and elastically deform the well thereof and also to form a head 6 on the pillar at each side of the plate, and releasing the upsetting pressure so that the residual elastic stresses in the plate will operate to lock the pillar therein. One or both ends of the aperture may be countersunk at 3a or the aperture may be cylindrical throughout. The wire is preferably of copper which has been silverplated.
Patent GB-834929-A (GB)
Title: Aromatic sulphonamides
IPC: C07D333/22
Filed: 1957-02-25
Abstract: The invention comprises sulphonamides of the formula <FORM:0834929/IV (b)/1> wherein A is a thienyl or pyridyl radical and X is a -CH2-, -CO- or -CH2-CH2- group, e.g. 2 - benzoylthiophene - 41 - sulphonamide, 2 - and - 4 - benzoylpyridine - 41 - sulphonamide, 2 -, 3 - and 4 - benzylpyridine - 41-sulphonamide and 4-phenethylpyridine-41-sulphonamide.  The compounds are made by the action of ammonia, an ammonium salt or an ammonium donor on the corresponding sulphohalide. Sulphohalides used as starting materials for the preparation of the above sulphonamides are prepared by sulphochlorination or by exchange of an amine group for a sulphohalide group.
Patent GB-1390371-A (GB)
Title: Textile machine having a rotatable winding shaft
IPC: B65H75/08
Filed: 1972-02-11
Abstract: 1390371 Spindles for yarn winding machines BARMAG BARMER MASCHINENFABRIK AG 11 Feb 1972 [11 Feb 1971 17 Jan 1972] 6486/72 Heading D1J [Also in Division F2] A tube, in particular a yarn winding tube is driven from a drive shaft (or drives the shaft) through a clutch comprising clutching elements (rollers, balls or sprags) in openings of a cage and cooperating with the shaft to interconnect it and the tube on relative rotation therebetween in at least one direction. The clutching elements are prevented from falling out of the cage when the outer tube is removed. In Fig. 2 the shaft 10 has a polygonal cross section such that rotation, in either direction of the shaft causes rollers 2 to engage and drive the tube 4. In Fig. 4 a one-way clutch is shown to interconnect shaft 12 and tube 4, braking here being effected on the cage 3, so that the clutch is maintained engaged (Fig. 13, not shown). The rollers of the embodiments shown in Figs. 2 and 4 may be retained by the shaping of the apertures in the cage 3, by axial pins of the rollers engaging recesses or by a sleeve which is passed over the cage and has openings of a width narrower than the greatest width of the roller, Fig. 21 shows in perspective a shaft 61 having sprags 63 in cages 62. A further form of the invention is shown in Fig. 27 wherein the cage is part of the shaft 61 and the role of the shaft is assumed by discs 66, rotated towards the clutch engaged position by torsion springs 67. The clutching of the tube 73 to the shaft is effected by interaction between rollers or sprags 63 with the shaped surface of discs 66 (cylindrical in the case of sprags).
Patent GB-547450-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to vehicle window operating means
IPC: E05F11/38
Filed: 1941-05-21
Abstract: 547,450. Window-operating mechanism. WILMOT-BREEDEN, Ltd., and TURNER. R. P. May 21, 1941, No. 6521. [Class 20 (iii)] Vehicle window operating means consists of a mechanism adjacent to the window, another mechanism conveniently placed relatively to the operator and a connecting shaft. Levers a carry rollers f slidable in grooves g in the window pane c and are fixed to toothed segments e. A worm h in gear with the segments e is driven by the flexible shaft m which at its other end is similarly driven from an actuating handle on a spindle q. When a rigid shaft is used it may be telescopic and provided at its ends with ball or universal joints. Springs u counterbalance the window.
Patent GB-881336-A (GB)
Title: Cosmetic composition for tanning human skin
IPC: A61K8/35
Filed: 1960-02-25
Abstract: A sun tan preparation comprises dihydroxyacetone distributed in a cosmetic base which is (a) a mixture of ethyl alcohol, water and an anti-tackiness agent such as acetone, (b) an oleaginous material, or (c) a powdered inert material.  The dihydroxyacetone comprises 0.05 to 90%, and especially 4%, by weight of the composition.  A skin lotion contains 50% ethyl alcohol, 1% acetone, 4% dihydroxyacetone and about 45% water together with small amounts of perfume and Vitamin D.  A sun screening agent such as glyceryl p-amino-benzoate, menthyl salicylate, butyl benzal acetone oxalate, acetanilide, benzyl salicylate, oxynaphthoic acid, dimethylaminobenzoic acid and phenyl salicylate may also be present.
Patent GB-497081-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in obtaining the antineuritic vitamin
IPC: A61K31/51
Filed: 1937-03-06
Abstract: The antineuritic vitamin is extracted from materials containing it, such as rice-polishings, yeast, oat hulls, malt coombs, seeds and seed integuments, by treating an aqueous extract with an ion-exchanging material and then treating the ion-exchanging material with a neutral salt or dilute acid solution to obtain a salt of the vitamin.  As ion - exchanging material, there may be used zeolites, especially wet-process zeolites, glauconite, fuller's earth and other earthy materials having the adsorbent and ion-exchanging powers of fuller's earth; or a zeolite which has been treated with an acid to replace the base metal by hydrogen. The initial extract is preferably slightly acid, and, when made, is neutralized and filtered, the filtrate containing the vitamin; when the raw material is yeast, the extract may be purified by treatment with lead acetate before treatment with the ion-exchange material.  The vitamin may be extracted from the ionexchange material by treatment with dilute nitric acid or by solutions of salts such as ammonium or barium nitrate or sodium chloride, potassium chloride or calcium nitrate. The yield may be increased by treatment first with ammonium nitrate and then with barium nitrate solutions.  The vitamin is advantageously recovered as the hydrochloride, in which case this compound may be precipitated by means of alcohol.  The vitamin solution after removal from the ion-exchange material may be purified by conversion into the silver salt or by precipitation with a silico-tungstate or phosphotungstate.  In an example, ricepolishings are extracted with slightly acidified 15 per cent alcohol (pH 4,5), the extract being neutralized with barium oxide, the precipitate is removed, the solution again brought to pH 4,5 and percolated through a zeolite which has been previously treated with sulphuric acetic or other dilute acid at pH 4,5 and 75-80 DEG  C.; the solution thus obtained may be neutralized with caustic soda, the precipitated impurities removed, and silver nitrate added, the precipitate being treated with nitric acid (pH 3) and then ammonia (to pH 4,5); then a little silver nitrate and ammonia are added successively and the precipitated silver compound of the vitamin is treated with hydrochloric acid to remove the silver.  Further purification may be effected by precipitation with silicotungstic acid in several stages, the wet precipitates being decomposed with baryta water whereby barium silicotungstate forms and the vitamin dissolves; it may be converted to the hydrochloride, evaporated to dryness, and, if desired, further purified by dissolving in water and adding absolute alcohol which may contain a little petroleum ether.
Patent GB-1244463-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the preparation of semiconductor materials
IPC: B24B37/10
Filed: 1970-02-12
Abstract: 1,244,463. Polishing silicon surfaces. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 12 Feb., 1970 [28 Feb., 1969], No. 6740/70. Addition to 1,168,536. Heading C1A. A planar silicon surface is polished by continuously wetting the surface with a displacement plating solution of pH less than 7 and containing a mercury cation and a fluoride anion thus causing displacement plating of the mercury on to the surface and continuously wiping the surface with a firm surface, thus removing plated mercury from the high points of the silicon surface. In the example napped cloth was plated a mercury nitrate/ammonium fluoride solution at pH 6À5. After polishing excess mercury was removed with hot concentrated nitric acid. The polishing process and apparatus is that described in parent Specification.
Patent GB-222433-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatic machine guns
IPC: F41A9/37
Filed: 1924-03-17
Abstract: 222,433. Colt's Patent Fire Arms Manufacturing Co., (Assignees of Pfeiffer, C. and Moore, F. T.). Sept. 24, 1923, [Convention date]. Machine guns.-Cartridge-feed mechanism, particularly for guns mounted on aircraft, is so modified that a gun which feeds cartridges through a transverse feed box from right to left may be readily converted into one which feeds from left to right and vice versa. The invention is shown in Figs. 2 and 5 applied to the gun described in Specification 219,932, and' consists mainly in providing the feed box with a reveirsible feed slide 22 and the top of the breech-block 10 with a reversible cam plate 24 for engagement with the feed lever 23. The feed lever has two arms adjustable relatively to one another round the fulcrum 23b to permit engagement with the cam grooves 24a formed on each side of the came plate 24. The arm 32 pivoted to the breech-block for extracting the cartridges from the belt can be mounted on eithetr side of the breech-block to suit the direction of feed. The member 33, which is pivotally mounted on the arm 32 and serves the double purpose, of first wedging between the cartridges in the belt and subsequently ejecting the spent cases, is reversible on the extractor arm. The cam 35, which is carried by the hinged top cover 4a and serves to lower the extractor arm, is movable to suit either position of the extractor arm, and the switch lever 37 and incline 40 which serve to raise the extractor arm can be readily transferred from one side of the casing to the other. The feed pawl 25 on the feed slide has a detachable arm 26 which can be secured to either side, and the belt-retaining pawl 28 and cartridge stops 29 can be attached at either end of the feed box. The reaction spring 30 and guide-rod 31 can be mounted at their forward ends in housings at either side of the breech-block and the abutment 42 for the reaction spring is capable of reversal. The handle 10<a> for manual retraction of the breech-block can be detached and engaged at will with a recess in either side of the breech-block. The sear can be released by a spring-controlled plunger 13 which can either be depressed by hand or by the trigger motor of the gear which controls the fire between the propeller blades of the aircraft.
Patent GB-123234-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Manufacture of Cut or Split Spring Packing Rings for Pistons and the like.
Inventor: WOODVINE GEORGE
IPC: F16J9/00
Filed: 1918-04-24
Abstract: 123,234. Woddvine, G. April 24, 1918. Rings.-An improvement in the mandrel or die having balls or other projections for acting on the inner surfaces of piston &c. rings described in Specification 121,974, consists in the use of a yielding support for the projecting balls J in order that the die may be applicable for rings varying slightly in size. The balls are supported by a plunger C mounted on a reduced portion A of the body and supported by springs E. The edge of the plunger is cylindrical at the point of minimum projection of the balls and increases in bevel to the point of maximum projection of the balls. A cover G enclosing the plunger is formed with a bevelled edge which retains the balls J.
Patent GB-911523-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of pyridine
IPC: C07D213/14
Filed: 1961-02-24
Abstract: Pyridine is prepared by reacting ammonia and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol in the mole ratio of from 2 : 1 to 10 : 1 at a temperature of 450-600 DEG C., a pressure of 0.1-20 atm. and a space velocity of from 0.1 to 10, in the presence of a catalyst comprising from 2 to 30% by weight of vanadium oxide on an inert solid neutral or basic oxide support.  The preferred vanadium oxide is the pentoxide and the preferred catalyst support is alumina although other support materials, for example magnesia, basic aluminium phosphate, zinc spinels and zinc-alumina complexes may be used.
Patent GB-326340-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to moulders' ramming machines
IPC: B22C13/10
Filed: 1929-03-04
Abstract: 326,340. White, A. E., (Landon Radiator Co., Inc.). March 4, 1929. Moulding-machines.-A ramming-machine has a row of rammers 22, each with an apertured shank 21 guided at both ends 19, operated successively, preferably from the ends to the middle, by cams on a shaft 26 passing through the apertures. A flask 11 and false flask 12 are placed on a pattern plate 10 and filled with sand from a hopper, not shown. The frame 14, carrying the rammers, is then lowered by a pneumatic piston rod 41 and the shaft 26 rotated by an electric motor 27. The rammers 22 have detachable shoes 23, Fig. 5, shaped to correspond somewhat to the shape of the pattern. In a modification the rammers are short and operated by a cranked shaft 35 and connecting rods 36. Empty flasks are preferably propelled over a track to two ramming machines, to ram the cope and drag at the same time, and then to a pouring machine.
Patent GB-1085994-A (GB)
Title: Growing fungi
IPC: C12N1/38
Filed: 1966-02-17
Abstract: A method of growing non-pathogenic fungi by submerged culture comprises mixing a water-dispersible colloid, an aqueous mineral salt nutrient, a hydrocarbon or carbohydrate as the source of carbon, and a fungus cultivatable upon the hydrocarbon or carbohydrate, the colloid being in the form of a colloidal solution or colloidal dispersion with the aqueous mineral salt nutrient, incubating the mixture at a pH within the range of from 2.0 to 8.5 in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas and at a temperature in the range of 20 DEG  to 55 DEG C., and growing the fungus in the body of the mixture. The micro-organism sought to be produced may be any fungus within the classification Eumycetes, but preferably is one from the class Fungi Imperfecti or from the class Phycomycetes.  Fungi of the general Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Mucor, Monilia, Helmintho sporium, Alternaria, Fusarium and Myrothrecium are mentioned and of these a number of species are specified.  Of the many hydrocarbons, alkyl hydrocarbons and carbohydates given, n-decane (vapour) is preferred.  The colloidal solution or colloidal dispersion is formed by sterilizing a mixture of the colloid and aqueous mineral salt nutrient and cooling.  The colloid, which should be edible or at least non-toxic to animals, is incorporated in a sufficiently small proportion (usually less than 1%) still enabling the mixture to be in the liquid phase during agitation. During or after the growth phase the cells are collected and preferably are dried. The colloid can be removed from them by washing in warm or hot water.  The colloid may be a vegetable gum such as gum carrageenin, gum tragacanth, gum arabic, gum ghatti and gum karaya; seaweed colloids such as agar, carrageen, alginic acid or sodium alginate; seed extracts such as locust bean, quince and quar; starches and converted starches; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; apple or citrus pectin; low methoxy pectins; chitin, chondroitin sulphate, hyaluronic acid; cholesterol; gelatine, glycerol, propylene glycol alginate, and stearic acid mono- and diglycerides, also albumin in cases where it is not broken down.
Patent GB-212116-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to stays or fasteners for casements and the like
IPC: E05C17/18
Filed: 1923-03-12
Abstract: 212,116. Tonks, W. H., and Sparks, W. March 12, 1923. Stays.-A bar e &c. is universally jointed to the casement window a by a stem d fixed to the stay passing through a slot c in a member b fixed to the window and bent at one end to a V-shape, the stem having an enlargement f. Holes j in the stay engage a projection i on a member g fixed to the frame h to retain the window in various positions, and when the window is closed the parts take up the position shown in Fig. 4, the stem d entering a groove l in the member g. The projection ! i and groove l are repeated at i<1> and l<1> so that the fitting can be used for either righthand or left-hand windows. To prevent rattling the stay is arranged to press upon the top of the member b in the open position and upon the front of the member g in the closed position. For fastening the window when closed the stay may engage with a slot in the lower part of the member g.
Patent GB-453207-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in speed control systems for electric generating plant driven by an internal combustion engine
IPC: H02P9/00
Filed: 1935-03-06
Abstract: 453,207. Automatic control systems. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., 28, Kingsway, London, and MARDIS, P. L., Burghley, Sedbergh Park, Ilkley, Yorkshire. March 6, 1935, No. 7047. [Class 38 (iv)] Speed.-An internal-combustion engine 7 driving an electric generator 8 and having a centrifugal governor 6 with variable loading to determine its speed, is maintained at that speed by a member 1 biassed to engage an electric contact 4 at high speeds, by a spring 2. When the speed is low or normal the governor, operating through a spring 5 disengages the arm 1 from the contact 4 but on exceeding the desired speed the contact is engaged and a relay 10 energized to increase the excitation of the generator, for example, by connecting a resistance 12 in parallel with a resistance 13 in the field circuit. A solenoid 17 is simultaneously energized and operates to disengage the contact, whereupon vibratory action is set up the average excitation of the generator being such as to maintain the desired speed.
Patent GB-1458859-A (GB)
Title: Cooling of elecgronic devices
IPC: H02M7/04
Filed: 1974-02-15
Abstract: 1458859 Cooling semi-conductor devices SIEMENS AG 15 Feb 1974 [15 Feb 1973] 7081/74 Heading H1K Electronic devices such as thyristors 1 are held between pairs of electrically conductive heat sinks, at least one of which has substantially the shape of a right-angled isoscles triangle. This enables two such front heat sinks, each associated with a respective thyristor 1 of a pair of thyristors mounted on a common near heat sink, to be juxtaposed as shown to form a generally square assembly. A bridge circuit assembly is described, each branch having an associated fuse 31 and the arrangement of terminals, bus-bars, &c. being such that all external connections are made to the rear surface of the assembly. The heat sinks are urged into contact with the thyristors 1 by means of leaf springs operating on juxtaposed pairs of triangular front heat sinks.
Patent GB-754950-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a gear hobbing machine for helical gear blanks
IPC: B23F5/22
Filed: 1952-03-18
Abstract: 754,950. Gear-hobbing. MICHIGAN TOOL CO. March 18, 1952 [March 28, 1951], No. 7107/54. Divided out of 754,931. Class 83 (3). A gear-hobbing machine for helical gears comprises multi-element means for imparting helical movement to the work-spindle, one element 308 being mounted for rotation about the spindle-axis and a second element 310 being axially fixed with respect to the spindle but rotatable coaxially therewith. In a modification, the helically-formed cam members 308, 310 are replaced by an inclined groove 608, Figs. 6 and 7, engaged by a sliding-block 610, the relative motion thereof being communicated to the spindle by rack-and-pinion means 616, 618. The machine embodiments are identical with those described in Specification 754,931.