baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1078840-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in semiconductor device structures
IPC: H01L21/762
Filed: 1966-05-03
Abstract: 1,078,840. Semi-conductor devices. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. May 3, 1966 [May 10, 1965], No. 19368/66. Heading H1K. An array of semi-conductor devices comprises a substrate 20 having a plurality of intersecting ridges formed in its surface to define a plurality of depressions each having walls of dielectric material 18, a layer 28 of high first-type conductivity monocrystalline semiconductor material within each depression and extending up the sides thereof, a layer 30 of semi-conductor material of the first conductivity type formed over each high-conductivity layer 28 to fill the associated depression, a region 32 of opposite conductivity type formed within each of these layers 30 of first conductivity type, and an electrical connection 42 to each layer 30 of first conductivity type through its associated high-conductivity layer 28 from the surface. One embodiment is made (Fig. 1, not shown), by etching a plurality of intersecting channels (16) in a surface of a high-conductivity N-type silicon wafer (10), covering the surface with silicon dioxide (18) by means of pyrolitic depositition or thermal oxidation, growing a layer (20) of polycrystalline silicon on the silicon dioxide layer (18), abrading or etching away most of the original silicon wafer (10) to leave a plurality of islands separated by the polycrystalline substrate (20) and the silicon dioxide (18), etching away a central region of each such island to leave a thin cup-shaped layer (28), epitaxially growing N-type monocrystalline silicon (30) to fill each resulting cupshaped depression, and diffusing or alloying a P-type region (32) into the N-type region (30). A further N-type region 34 may be provided by diffusion or alloying, followed by a protective layer 36 consisting of glass on oxide. Electrical connections 38, 40, 42 are formed by the vapour deposition of aluminium in holes through the protective layer 36.
Patent GB-1017725-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in buffers for looms for weaving
IPC: D03D49/38
Filed: 1963-05-16
Abstract: A picking stick buffer A is circular or spherical.  Various configurations, constructions, materials and surface textures are described and the buffer may be rotated.
Patent GB-147586-A (GB)
Title: An improved pile fabric
IPC: D04G3/00
Filed: 1920-07-08
Abstract: 147,586. Claviez, E. March 21, 1919, [Convention date]. Tufted fabrics.-Pile fabrics of the character of true Persian carpets are woven with pile yarn consisting of typha fibres alone or mixed with other fibres such as higher-class wool. The weaving may be mechanical, or the tufts may be knotted by hand.
Patent GB-1485211-A (GB)
Title: Fuse for a spinning projectile
IPC: F42C15/40
Filed: 1975-05-09
Abstract: 1485211 Projectile fuzes WERKZEUGMASCHINENFABRIK OERLIKON BUHRLE AG 9 May 1975 [10 May 1974 14 March 1975] 19564/75 Heading F3A A fuze for a spinning projectile comprises: a fuze chain for exploding an explosive charge of the projectile; and an ignition current generator having a coil armature with a bore containing a detonator or other element of the fuze chain. In one embodiment of the invention, an annular permanent magnet 30a is mounted for rotation with the projectile, but the coil armature 56 carrying the detonator 17 is supported by a ball 53, and, when the projectile is fired, sets back slightly to become rotationally free and thereby isolated from the rotation of the projectile and the permanent magnet. A centrifugal rotor 20b brings a further detonator 22a into alignment with the detonator 17 when the projectile leaves the muzzle of the weapon. When the projectile strikes its target, a piezo-electric element 59 is compressed by a mass 61 and triggers the fuze. In another embodiment, Figs. 1 and 2 (not shown), the coil armature is arranged to rotate with the projectile but the annular permanent magnet is isolated from the rotation by a ball race. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,354,249.
Patent GB-1004731-A (GB)
Title: Transportable apparatus incorporating a power-operated tool or tool holder
IPC: E21B19/087
Filed: 1961-06-30
Abstract: 1,004,731. Boring earth, &c. D. W. R. WALKER. Sept. 26, 1962 [June 30, 1961], No. 19590/61. Heading E1F. [Also in Division B3] Transportable apparatus comprises a support 10 mounted on wheels 11 or other ground engaging elements, a motor 12 on the support, and a tool 33 or tool holder 13 pivotally mounted on the support to be rotated by the motor about a generally upright axis, the tool or tool holder pivoting on the support which is tipped to move the tool or holder along its axis of rotation. As shown the tool is a ground auger but it may be a trench clearing tool, a nut or bolt runner, or a valve winding key. The tool holder is connected to a gearbox 27 driven from the motor by a flexible drive 26 and centrifugal clutch 25. To prevent the flexible drive being strained the motor is mounted on slides 23 and is connected to an arm 29 fixed to the gearbox by a link 30. The auger is retained by chains 34 when not in use.
Patent GB-167067-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to couplings
IPC: F16N21/04
Filed: 1920-07-08
Abstract: 167,067. White, A. E., (Bassick Manufacturing Co.). July 8, 1920 Swivelling joints; cupleather joints.-A swivelling joint described in connection with a grease gun comprises a sleeve 13 containing a rotatable cup to which the tube 12 is attached and held against endlong movement in the sleeve as by a shoulder 14 and the swaged-over end of the sleeve. A further shoulder 15 and the bottom of the cup act as limiting- stops for a, pair of spring- urged gaskets 20, 21, which may be cup-leathers with opposed flanges as shown. In a modification the cup is retained at one end by a split ring 38, Fig. 5, which can slip over the tube 12 but spring out into a recess 39 in the sleeve. Connection is made to a coupling 27 by a simple bayonet-joint, and joining depresses a ball 31 against the action of a spring 32. The cup and gaskets are centrally perforated.
Patent GB-483498-A (GB)
Title: Automatically variable gear device
IPC: F16H61/02
Filed: 1936-07-16
Abstract: 483,498. Variable-speed gearing. FONTANA, C. July 16, 1936, No. 19725. Convention date, July 16, 1935. Addition to 453,013. [Class 80 (ii)] In variable-speed gearing in which the gear ratio is stated to vary automatically inversely as the load, the driving-shaft 2 carries a crank-pin 3 on which is loosely mounted a double spider 52 of which the arms are connected at their ends 53 to points 63 .. 65 on a drum 58, on the driven shaft 18, by springs (not shown). The spider 52 is formed with a square extension 52<1> sliding in a slot in a block 6 itself sliding in a slot 5 in a gearwheel 38 carried in an eccentric groove 57 in the casing and engaging a ring gear 44 loose in the casing. In order to obtain a non- automatic reverse, the spider may be secured to a pinion 71 concentric therewith and engaging an annulus 70 concentric with the drum 58 and provided with an extension 73 to which a brake may be applied.
Patent GB-381597-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic or semi-automatic telephone exchange systems
IPC: H04M3/40
Filed: 1931-07-09
Abstract: 381,597. Automatic exchange systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., BAKER, J. H. E., LOWRY, L. P., and WRIGHT. E. P. G., Connaught House. Aldwych, London. July 9, 1931, No. 19744. [Class 40 (iv).] The automatic insertion of an amplifier into a connection is determined wholly or in part by at least one of the digits of the wanted exchange. In the system described, a toll operator takes into use a junction TL and relay group JRC whereupon a switch SC connects up a register-sender S to which are connected by hunting switches VFC, AC, DC a voice-frequency set VF, an A-digit switch A and a discriminator D. The operator, on receipt of a signal, key-sends the digits by means of coded four-frequency impulses, over TL, S into VF which is similar to the set shown in Fig. 6 of Specification 350,900 except that the signals in response to the receipt of the code impulses pass back over VFC into registers in S. Ordinary impulses are then sent out by S into the A-digit switch and register controller, the exchange digits being also repeated to discriminator D, which, if an amplifier is to be inserted, sends a signal to JRC to connect starting potential to ST, whereupon a switch RC connects up amplifier R. The discriminator comprises two six-wiper switches of the Strowger type. The first digit operates both switches and one drops back according as to whether it is set to one or other group of five levels. The switch which drops back takes the next two digits while the other switch takes a rotary step to connect ground over its sixth wiper to one of the first five wipers of the first switch. Settings individual to 1000 exchanges are thus provided for. The amplifier insertion signal may be passed over a cross-connecting frame common to the discriminators. The means for connecting up the amplifier may be controlled in part by a signal characteristic of the junction incoming to the toll position as described in Specification 264,593, [Class 40 (iv), Telephones &c.].
Patent GB-320118-A (GB)
Title: A device for extinguishing cigarette ends and passing them into a container
IPC: A24F19/14
Filed: 1928-07-07
Abstract: 320,118. Ibbetson, E. W. E. July 7, 1928. Ash receptacles; cigarette extinguishers.-A pair of roughened or toothed rollers C, geared together, are placed at the bottom of a hopper B above a receptacle A. The spindle of one of the rollers terminates in an external knob D, or equivalent actuating member. The rollers may be carried by brackets depending from a plate secured in the top of the container A. One roller spindle may work in a slotted bearing, and be urged by a spring towards the companion member. The front of the box A may be hinged.
Patent GB-449843-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved handle for mattresses
IPC: A47C31/08
Filed: 1935-07-11
Abstract: 449,843. Mattress handles. CROWN BEDDING CO., Ltd., and WALLIS, L. S., Redfern Road, Tyseley, Birmingham. July 11, 1935, No. 19784. [Class 52 (iv)] The ends of a handle d are secured to a support h, preferably a metal strip, the ends of which are fastened to the inner face of the mattress wall, the support being flexible or shaped to permit the inward movement of the mattress wall when the handle is grasped.
Patent GB-352714-A (GB)
Title: Improved method for welding steel parts
IPC: B23K35/30
Filed: 1930-06-30
Abstract: In welding parts of hard or alloy air-quenching steel of Brinell hardness at least 220, the welding metal consists of steel containing bendes carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus and sulphur, one or more of the following elements:-up to 5 per cent of nickel, up to 2 per cent of chromium, up to 1 per cent of molybdenum, or up to 1,5 per cent of tungsten.  The percentage of carbon may be between 0,05 to 0,7, manganese from 0,2 to 2, silicon up to 2,5, phosphorus up to 0,075 and sulphur up to 0,05 per cent.  The metal may also contain up to 0,5 per cent of titanium, vanadium, boron or copper or combinations thereof, and also, if desired, up to 1 per cent of aluminium.  The joint may be heat treated by air quenching and annealing.  Quenching may be regulated by removing the mould while the weld is hot, preferably below 800 DEG  C.  The joint may be lifted from the mould at a temperature between 0-1000 DEG  C. and then either tempered at 750 DEG  C. or annealed at 900 DEG  C. and then tempered at 750 DEG  C. by a crude oil or gasoline burner or coke or charcoal brazier.  The welding metal may be obtained by the thermo-aluminic process, electric crucible, converter, open hearth furnace, coke or gas-heated crucible furnace, electric arc or induction furnace, or by running molten metal into the mould and filling it with metal electrodes or treating it with graphite electrodes.  Metal obtained by the thermo aluminic process may be allowed to settle in a magnesia crucible.
Patent GB-701127-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of 1-(p-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropan-1:3-diol
Filed: 1951-08-24
Abstract: 1 - (p - Nitrophenyl) - 2 - aminopropane - 1:3 -diol is manufactured by reacting 1-phenyl-2-aminopropane - 1:3 - diol with a carbonyl compound of the general formula RCOR1 (wherein R and R1 represent substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, aralky or cycloalkyl residues, or R1 may also represent hydrogen) to form an oxazolidine ring in the 2:3-position, esterifying the free hydroxy group remaining in the 1-position, nitrating the product so obtained and then splitting the ester group and the oxazolidine ring by hydrolysis or alcoholysis. Advantageously an aldehyde (preferably aromatic) is used for the ring-closure, a carboxylic acid anhydride or chloride (preferably in a tertiary organic base) for the esterification, 100 per cent. nitric acid (preferably below room temperature and in the presence of acetic anhydride) for the nitration, and dilute hydrochloric acid for the hydrolysis.  If the esterification is effected with an optically active acid derivative (e.g. L-menthoxyacetyl chloride), the resulting mixture of diastereoisomers may be separated into the optically active components before carrying out the remaining steps of the process.  In an example, DL-threo-1-phenyl-2-aminopropane-1:3-diol is heated with p-nitrobenzaldehyde, the resulting oxazolidine is esterified with acetic anhydride in pyridine, the product is nitrated with concentrated nitric acid and acetic anhydride at -5 DEG  to 10 DEG C., and the nitro compound hydrolysed by heating with 8 per cent. hydrochloric acid and isolated directly or with intermediate formation of its 2:3 - bis - p - nitrobenzoyl derivative and hydrolysis thereof with hydrochloric acid containing glacial acetic acid.  The p-nitrobenzaldehyde may be replaced by benzaldehyde.
Patent GB-766996-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the photographic preparation of printing plates, cylinders and the like
IPC: G03F5/20
Filed: 1954-07-08
Abstract: 766,996. Photomechanical printing surfaces, producing. PUBLICATION COR-: PORATION. July 8, 1954 (Aug. 6, 1953], No. 20035/54. Class 98(2) A method described more particularly; for resist transfer and etching. therethrough to result in a contact-screened intaglio printing plate or cylinder, involves exposing a high contrast silver chlorobromide emulsion to (1) direct Hash as of ultra-violet light, (2) flash through a halfton screen as by yellow light, (3) yellow light through a black and white continuous tone transparency and the halftone screen and (4) ultra-violet light through the transparency only for a shorttime, to produce a low-contact continuous tone image in register with the screened image; processing by tanning development, and fixing. As further described with meticulous details in an example transparencies of specified density range and gamma are printed from a continuous tone negative, or from separation negatives for colour work, and exposures as above are effected under specified conditions using a magenta or orange contact screen and a lug or scribe system to ensure registration; a pyro developer as of Specification 712,164 may be used and fixing by acid hypo; the emulsion is then laid down on a plate or cylinder as in the carbon' tisue method and an acetate film base overlying the emulsion is removed as with the aid of a solvent mixture, after which soluble parts of the emulsion are removed with warm water, the remaining resist is dried and etching is effected under standardized conditions using four successive solutions of ferric chloride of decreasing Baume. A vacuum printing frame which may be used for the exposures, but which does not carry register lugs; comprises a plate 40 as of aluminium or strong plastic with bordering parallel grooves 41, 42 having holes 44, 45 at the four corners through to the back of the plate at which, Fig. 3, is provided cover plates 46, 47, 48, 49 over the holes with conduit system 50, 51 leading to suction valves 53, 54. The front of the plate is etched as at 43 to facilitate movement of air between the plate arid copy material laid thereon, no blanket or cover plate being used. A light-filter and illumination device for the exposures (Figs. 4, 5 not shown) is further described. in the Provisional Specification 766,997.
Patent GB-424259-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to power rammers
IPC: E02D7/12
Filed: 1933-07-15
Abstract: 424,259. Direct-acting engines; powerrammers. JACKSON, F. J. M., 59, Owler Lane, Chadderton, Lancashire. July 15, 1933, No. 20040. [Class 7 (ii)] Power - rammers in which the cylinder is impelled upwards and falls by gravity are provided with magneto ignition actuated by trip mechanism from a movable part of the machine. The trip-lever, engaging a notched disc on the oscillatory armature, may be pivoted to the valve-operating lever; or may be pivotally attached to bow-handles manually depressed at each operation. The trip 37 lifts the spring-retained notched disc 30 on the armature shaft, and is pushed out of engagement by the tail piece 43.
Patent GB-1381061-A (GB)
Title: Ion-selective membranes
IPC: H01M50/491
Filed: 1972-05-01
Abstract: 1381061 Ion-selective polymer membranes and their preparation IONICS Inc 1 May 1972 [21 June 1971] 20055/72 Heading C3P [Also in Division C7]  An ion-selective membrane has a macroporous structure in at least one surface thereof, the remainder of the thickness of the membrane having a microporous gel structure. The macropore size is preferably 500-1500 ngstr÷ms and the micropore size is preferably 10-30 ngstr÷ms. Both surfaces are preferably macroporous and the thickness of the membrane is preferably 1-100 mil. The membrane may comprise a copolymer of at least one monovinyl aromatic compound with at least one polyvinyl aromatic compound, and contains ion-selective groups such as quaternary ammonium groups or primary, secondary or tertiary amine groups, or sulphonic acid, phosphonium, tert.-sulphonium, phosphonic, carboxy, phosphinic, thiophosphinic or arsonic groups. The invention also comprises a process for preparing such membranes wherein at least one monovinyl aromatic monomer and between 20 and 80 mole per cent (based on the total monomers) of at least one polyvinyl aromatic monomer are copolymerized in the presence of between 15 and 75 vol. per cent of a pair of solvents, one of which is a good solvent and the other a poor solvent (both defined), under conditions such that escape of vaporized poor solvent is substantially prevented (e.g. between glass plates) and a sheet or film of the polymer is formed. If none of the monomers contained ion-selective groups, these are subsequently introduced, such as by chloromethylation and then introduction of any of the groups specified above. Examples of monovinyl aromatic monomers are styrene, ethylstyrene, methyl styrene and other substituted styrenes and mixtures thereof, and examples of polyvinyl monomers are divinylbenzene, divinyl toluene, and trivinyl benzene and mixtures thereof. Good solvents are those with boiling points higher than the polymerization temperature and totally dissolve the monomers and swell the resulting polymer. Examples thereof are aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers, dioxane and halogenated hydrocarbons. Poor solvents must not swell or dissolve in the product polymer, and it is these that produce the macroporous structure, as they are driven outwards from the centre of the polymerizing mass. Examples thereof (for a styrene/divinyl benzene copolymer) are C 1-4  alkanols and their isomers, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane and isooctane and polypropylene and polyethylene glycols, polycarboxylic acids, monocarboxylic acids and kerosene. In the examples, styrene and divinyl benzene are cast polymerized (together with a fabric mat as reinforcement) in the presence of the following solvent pairs: ethanol (poor) and diethyl benzene (good); methanol (poor) and diethyl benzene; and sec.- butanol (poor) and diethyl benzene.
Patent GB-804926-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for coupling coaxial cables to balanced circuits
IPC: H03H7/42
Filed: 1956-06-29
Abstract: 804,926. Devices for coupling coaxial cables to balanced circuits. SIEMENS & HALSKE A.G. June 29, 1956 [June 30, 1955; Nov. 26, 1955], No. 20261/56. Class 40 (8). In a wide-band coupler for connecting a concentric cable to a symmetrical circuit having an impedance higher than the characteristic impedance of the cable, the outer conductor 2, Fig. 2, of the cable is connected to the electrical centre of a coil 3, 4 which is in the form of a tube at least in the part adjacent said centre, the inner conductor 1 leading into, or being connected to, a wire leading into, and extending through the tube to a point 10, at which it leaves the tube to be connected to a point 11, the points 10, 11 being equidistant from the electrical centre of the coil, and the ends 12, 13 of the coil each extend beyond the points 10, 11, a distance determined by the required impedance transformation ratio and are connected to the symmetrical circuit. As shown in Fig. 3, the two halves 3, 4 of the coil are separate tubular members joined together by a conductor 7. The ends of the halves 3, 4 beyond the points 10, 11 are not shown, and may consist of thin wires. To compensate for the inductive reactance of the coil a capacity may be introduced by a conductor (not shown) passing through the tube 4 and connected to the tube 3 at the point 10. The turns of the coil and the cross-section of the tubes 3, 4 may be circular, elliptical, or rectangular. Fig. 5 illustrates an assembly comprising tubular and solid windings 24, 25 mounted in a housing of insulating material having a tube 22 for receiving a concentric cable 23. The ends of the windings 24 are rigidly connected to a support 26 and to the solid windings 25, which are resiliently mounted at 27<SP>1</SP>, 27<SP>11</SP> and connected to terminals 31 (one only shown) for connection to a balanced load.
Patent GB-367292-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of aromatic hydrocarbons and their substitution products
IPC: C07C2/86
Filed: 1931-07-13
Abstract: In the Friedel and Crafts reaction for preparing aromatic hydrocarbons and their substitution products the alkyl or aralkyl chlorides are replaced by the corresponding tri-alkyl or triaralkyl borates.  In examples (1) m-xylene is mixed with tri-isobutylborate and aluminium chloride is added to give a mixture of unchanged xylene and pseudobutylxylene, which is fractionated to give tertiary butylxylene; (2) tribenzyl borate, benzene and aluminium chloride are heated together to give diphenylmethane and some p-dibenzylbenzene; (3) isobutyl borate, anisole and aluminium chloride are warmed together to give p-tertiary butylanisole.  Similarly p-tertiary butylphenol may be obtained from phenol and isobutyl borate and p-tertiary butylbromobenzene from bromobenzene and isobutylborate.