baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent NZ-598567-A (NZ)
Title: Formulations and methods employing anhydrous disinfectant
Inventor: GUMIENNY RICHARD
IPC: A01N55/06
Filed: 2010-08-12
Abstract: 598567 Disclosed herein is a non-aqueous liquid or solid formulation or a solid formulation comprising an antimicrobial amount of an anhydrous composition containing silver dihydrogen citrate (SDC) and citric acid, wherein said composition comprises no more than 50% by weight of said liquid or solid formulation. Additionally disclosed is a method of providing antimicrobial protection to a non-human surface or to a non-aqueous formulation which comprises applying to said surface or including in in said formulation an antimicrobially effective amount of the anhydrous composition without reconstitution of said composition in a solvent.
Patent NZ-599355-A (NZ)
Title: Method and Apparatus for Improved Flow Limitation Detection of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Inventor: ARMITSTEAD PETER JEFFREY
IPC: A61B5/374
Filed: 2007-03-06
Abstract: 599355 A respiratory apparatus and a method for determining a presence of a flow-limited breath are disclosed. The apparatus comprises a flow detecting device to sense breath; and a controller coupled to the flow detecting device. The controller is configured to interpolate an inspiratory portion of the breath over a grid of points and calculate first and second basis functions based on the interpolated breath. The controller is also configured to calculate a first factor as a function of the first basis function and the interpolated breath and calculate a second factor as a function of the second basis function and the interpolated breath. The controller then calculates a shape index as a function of the first factor and the second factor and identify whether the breath is flow limited based on the shape index. The flow-limited breath indicative of an M shape may also be detected.
Patent NZ-603954-A (NZ)
Title: Programmable cylinder lock and keys for the operation thereof
Inventor: LORETI ALBERTO
IPC: E05B29/00
Filed: 2011-04-13
Abstract: 603954 Disclosed is a lock system where a programmable cylinder lock can only be reset or recoded by using a change key, and a use key can operate the lock once coded. The programmable cylinder lock comprises a stator, and a cylindrical rotor mounted inside the stator for rotation around its own axis and having a keyhole extending in a direction of the axis for insertion of a key. Inside the cylindrical rotor, a plurality of key followers are movable along longitudinal and transversal directions, and are adapted to cooperate with codification conformations of a key inserted into the keyhole of the cylindrical rotor, and a plurality of locking pins, which are movable along the longitudinal direction, forming lock blocking members. The key followers and locking pins form together a plurality of pairs, each including a locking pin and a key follower and having toothings adapted to mutually cooperate, in different relative positions, to define a lock codification. The cylindrical rotor comprises a transversally displaceable stop bar that cooperates with a longitudinal groove of the stator and that cooperates with the locking pins in order to immobilize the locking pins when the cylindrical rotor is made to rotate within the stator and the stop bar comes out of the groove and engages the locking pins. A change bar is transversally displaceable and is slidingly coupled with the key followers in order to normally engage the key followers with the locking pins, and to disengage the key followers from the locking pins when the change bar comes into the groove of the stator and provides a lock programming position. The stop bar has at least one protrusion facing the keyhole of the cylindrical rotor. The use key has at least one recess that faces the protrusion of the stop bar when the use key is correctly inserted in the keyhole of the cylinder lock, whereas the change key corresponding to the use key has a longitudinal groove extending in a position corresponding to the at least one recess of the use key. The stop bar has two or more protrusions, and the use key has recesses corresponding in number and positions to the protrusions of the stop bar.
Patent NZ-610043-A (NZ)
Title: Animal identification tag
Inventor: TOWNSEND GRANT
IPC: A01K11/00
Filed: 2012-05-17
Abstract: 610043 An animal identification ear tag (1) is disclosed. The ear tag includes a male pin (2) having a first end and a second end (17) configured to penetrate an animal’s ear with a locking shoulder (26) adjacent the second end. The first end of the pin is configured to be coupled to a first portion of a single piece moulded panel (3). The panel (3) includes an opening (6) to receive the second end (17) of the male pin including the locking shoulder (26). The male pin (2) includes a blind bore containing an elongate electronic tag (30).
Patent NZ-610659-A (NZ)
Title: Pharmaceutical formulations containing corticosteroids for topical administration
Inventor: ANGEL ARTURO
IPC: A61K47/14
Filed: 2011-11-09
Abstract: Provided is a topical pharmaceutical formulation comprising a corticosteroid and a liquid oil component comprising one or more esters of monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids, wherein at least 25% of the corticosteroid is solubilized in the liquid oil component at room temperature, and wherein the concentration of the esters is at least 10% of the concentration of the liquid oil component. Preferred corticosteroids include clobetasol propionate, betamethasone diproprionate, halobetasol proprionate, diflorasone diacetate and fluocinonide. Preferred esters of monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids include diethyl sebacate, isopropyl myristate, diisopropyl adipate and dibutyl sebacate. The formulations are useful for the treatment of skin disorders.
Patent NZ-611964-A (NZ)
Title: Bromodomain inhibitors and uses thereof
Inventor: ALBRECHT BRIAN K
IPC: A61K31/55
Filed: 2011-12-02
Abstract: Provided are tricyclic isoxazolo-azepine derivative compounds wherein the variables are as defined in the specification. An example of the compounds is 6-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-benzo[c]isoxazolo[4,5-e]azepine-4-carboxamide. The compounds are inhibitors of bromodomain-containing proteins, such as BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, and can be used in the treatment of cancer.
Patent NZ-612041-A (NZ)
Title: Compounds and their use as bace inhibitors
Inventor: CSJERNYIK GABOR
IPC: C07D491/20
Filed: 2011-12-21
Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of general formula (I) such as 4-methoxy-5’’-methyl-6’-[5-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-3’H-dispiro-[cyclohexane-1,2’-indene-1’,2’’-imidazol]-4’’-amine and its analogues, wherein: A is -O- or -CH2-; n is 0 or 1; R1 is alkyl or haloalkyl; R2 is hydrogen, alkylaryl, alkylheteroaryl, alkynyl, alkenyl, alkyl, halogen, cyano, haloalkyl, NHC(O)R9 or OR8; R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or alkyl, or R5 and R6 25 together with the carbon to which they are attached, form a ring B, which is a 3-14 membered cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl monocyclic ring, or a 9-14 membered bicyclic cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl ring. Representative compounds include 4-methoxy-5’’-methyl-6’-[5-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-3’H-dispiro-[cyclohexane-1,2’-indene-1’,2’’-imidazol]-4’’-amine, 3-[4’’-amino-4-methoxy-5’’-methyl-3’H-dispiro[cyclohexane-1,2’-indene-1’,2’’-imidazol]-6’-yl]-5-chlorobenzonitrile, 4-methoxy-5’’-methyl-6’-(2-methylpropoxy)-3’H-dispiro[cyclohexane-1,2’-indene-1’,2’’-imidazol]-4’’-amine, N-(4’-amino-5’-methyl-spiro[chromane-4,2’-imidazole]-6-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, 5-(4’’-amino-4-methoxy-5’’-methyl-3’H-dispiro[cyclohexane-1,2’-indene-1’,2’’-imidazol]-6’-yl)benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile, 6’-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-2’’,3’’,5’’,6’’-tetrahydro-3’H-dispiro[imidazole-2,1’-indene-2’,4’’-pyran]-4-amine and 5’-bromo-4-methoxy-5’’-methyldispiro[cyclohexane-1,2’-[1]benzofuran-3’,2’’-imidazol]-4’’-amine. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising as active ingredient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in association with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier or diluent, for treating or preventing an Aß-related pathology including Down’s syndrome, a ß-amyloid angiopathy, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, hereditary cerebral hemorrhage, a disorder associated with cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s Disease, memory loss, attention deficit symptoms associated with Alzheimer’s disease, neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer’s Disease, dementia of mixed vascular origin, dementia of degenerative origin, pre-senile dementia, senile dementia, dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy or cortical basal degeneration.
Patent NZ-622106-A (NZ)
Title: Antimicrobial compositions and related methods of use
Inventor: GANDHI N R
IPC: C12R1/645
Filed: 2010-04-27
Abstract: Disclosed herein are antimicrobial compositions comprising one or more compound components generally recognized as safe for human consumption, and related methods of use, such compositions and methods as can be employed in a wide range of agricultural, industrial, building, pharmaceutical and/or personal care products and applications. In one embodiment the composition comprises an acid component and a salt of the acid component selected from isobutyric acid, C2 - C5 carbon and methylene homologs thereof, salts of said acid and said homologs, and combinations of said acid, said homologs and said salts; an acid ester component selected from acetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester and C2 - C5 carbon and methylene homologs thereof; a ketone component selected from 2-butanone and C3 - C5 carbon and methylene homologs thereof and at least two C2 - C5 components isolatable from a volatile by-product of an isolated culture of Muscodor crispans grown on potato dextrose agar, providing said composition is absent naphthalene and azulene derivative compounds.
Patent NZ-622846-A (NZ)
Title: Panels of medium density fibreboard
Inventor: POL BERNARDUS JOZEF MARIA
IPC: B27N3/04
Filed: 2012-09-27
Abstract: Disclosed are panels of medium density fibreboard (MDF). The panels comprise wood fibres, the largest dimension of which is 7 mm or below, pressed together with an adhesive. The panels are of a large and thin type, having an aspect ratio of at least 100 and a surface area of at least 1 m. Typical problems associated with such large and thin panels, e.g. warping behaviour, are addressed by employing wood fibres are made of acetylated wood.
Patent NZ-708836-A (NZ)
Title: Treatment of inflammation, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative disorders with immunosuppressive tat derivative polypeptides
Inventor: GOLDBERG JOSHUA
IPC: A61K39/21
Filed: 2013-12-06
Abstract: The present specification provides immunosuppressive Tat derivative polypeptides, compositions, and methods of using such polypeptides and compositions to treat an autoimmune disease, an inflammation-associated disease and/or a neurodegenerative disease. In particular, the present invention relates to an HIV Tat polypeptide comprising a modified transcription factor (TF) domain which improves the immunosuppressive activity of the polypeptide. The modified Tat polypeptide of the present invention is shown to supress a T-cell immune response.
Patent NZ-709113-A (NZ)
Title: Anoikis resistant placental stem cells and uses thereof
Inventor: VOSKINARIAN-BERSE VANESSA
IPC: A61K35/50
Filed: 2013-12-13
Abstract: Anoikis resistant placental stem cells ( arPSCs) with increased survival in low-attachment environments, and thus can advantageously be used, e.g., in therapies based on their ability to persist for longer durations of time in an unattached state. A method of modifying placental stem cells to make them anoikis resistant, comprising contacting the placental stem cells with an effective amount of modulatory RNA molecules, such that one or more genes associated with anoikis of the placental stem cells is inhibited. Further discloses are genes that are associated with anoikis for modulation. In a specific embodiment, the modulated genes are any one of FHDC1, GNAI2, KNDC1, LPAR4, MAP3K5, SLC2A3, or STAU2.
Patent NZ-716340-A (NZ)
Title: Circuits and substrates fabricated using a method of forming a conductive image on a non-conductive surface
Inventor: WISMANN WILLIAM
IPC: H05K3/38
Filed: 2012-08-16
Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate fabricated using a method comprising the steps of: (a) activating at least a portion of a non-conductive substrate surface (10); (b) depositing a metal coordination complex (15) on a part of the activated portion of the surface (10); (c) subjecting the metal coordination complex (15) that is located on the part of the activated portion of the surface (10) to a magnetic field (25) to align molecules of the metal coordination complex (15) with the magnetic field (25) and thereby more deeply injecting the metal coordination complex (15) into the nonconductive substrate (10) than would occur in the step of depositing the metal coordination complex (15); (d) exposing the metal coordination complex (15) to electromagnetic radiation; (e) reducing the metal coordination complex (15) to elemental metal; (f) removing unreduced metal coordination complex (15) from the surface; (g) drying the surface; and (h)depositing a conductive material onto the surface.
Patent NZ-726022-A (NZ)
Title: Process for the recovery of carboxylic acid and wood treatment process
Inventor: KRUMREY THOMAS
IPC: C07C53/08
Filed: 2015-05-06
Abstract: Process for the recovery of carboxylic acid, in particular acetic acid containing carboxylic anhydride in particular acetic anhydride and other impurities, which comprises: (a) treating a fraction, in particular a fraction originating from a wood treatment process, containing carboxylic acid and impurities with a metal salt in the presence of water, (b) treating at least part of the fraction obtained from step (a) to remove metal salt and, (c) treating at least part of the fraction obtained from step (b) by distillation, stripping or membrane separation to recover at least a purified carboxylic acid fraction.
Patent NZ-731220-A (NZ)
Title: Methods for treating kidney disorders
Inventor: DEY ASIM BIKASH
IPC: A61K31/422
Filed: 2015-11-24
Abstract: Provided are methods and formulations for treating kidney disorders in man and animals, which include the use of a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) modulator compound of the Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Patent NZ-736623-A (NZ)
Title: Power tool and method for wireless communication
Inventor: STAMPFL BURTROM
IPC: H04W88/10
Filed: 2016-05-04
Abstract: A potential problem with convention power tools it their inability to communicate wirelessly with external devices. Disclosed herein is a power tool having multiple wireless communication states and a method of wirelessly communicating by a power tool. The power tool includes a motor, a battery pack interface that selectively receives a battery pack, a backup power source, and a wireless communication controller coupled to the backup power source and the battery pack interface. The wireless communication controller operates in a connectable state when coupled to a battery pack and transmits tool operational data to the external device and receives tool configuration data from the external device. The wireless communication controller operates in an advertisement state when the wireless communication controller is coupled to and powered by the backup power source. In the advertisement state, the wireless communication controller is configured to transmit the unique tool identifier. The external device may also display an indication of the communication state of the power tool. Thus, a power tool has the ability to identify itself to an external device even when a battery pack is not attached to the power tool, and can enable a time-based security feature.
Patent NZ-755215-A (NZ)
Title: Sperm processing method, apparatus and related media compositions
Inventor: GONZALEZ-MARIN CLARA
IPC: A61K35/52
Filed: 2018-01-19
Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to processes, systems, and compositions useful in manipulating a ratio of viable X chromosome bearing sperm to viable Y chromosome bearing sperm in at least one sperm population and useful for preserving the resulting manipulated sperm population. In some embodiments the cryoprotectant glycerol at a concentration of about 2-5% may be incorporated into various medias used in manipulating the sperm sample, such as in a staining media, a sheath fluid, and a collection media.
Patent NZ-757794-A (NZ)
Title: Encapsulated nutritional and pharmaceutical compositions
Inventor: WANG BO
IPC: A61K49/18
Filed: 2018-04-27
Abstract: Provided herein are encapsulated oil or lipid compositions comprising one or more long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) and at least one edible gum with a concentration of 0.05% - 1% w/w, wherein the composition has a surface free fat content of less than 5% and a phospholipid content of at least 20%. Also provided are methods for stabilising emulsions comprising one or more LCPUFAs and for increasing the efficiency of encapsulation of compositions comprising one or more LCPUFAs, the methods comprising incorporating at least one hydrocolloid into the emulsions or compositions.
Patent NZ-758857-A (NZ)
Title: Refrigerator
Inventor: YANG CHUN
IPC: E05D3/18
Filed: 2018-06-29
Abstract: A refrigerator (100), comprising a refrigerator body (1), a door body (2), and a hinge body (11). The hinge body (11) is provided with a locating groove (25’) and a guide shaft. The door body (2) is provided with a locating shaft (12’) and a guide groove (26). The door body (2) of the refrigerator is moved away from a pivot side by a certain distance when being opened, so as to prevent a side wall of the door body from protruding to affect the opening of the door body (2).
Patent PT-103317-A (PT)
Title: Corpo de arma de caça submarina com rasgos
IPC: F41B7/04
Filed: 2005-07-19
Abstract: CORPO DE ARMA DE CAÇA SUBMARINA COM RASGOS AS PRINCIPAIS CARACTERÍSTICAS DESTA INVENÇÃO PRENDEM-SE COM O CORPO DE UMA ARMA DE CAÇA SUBMARINA (6) CUJA ESTRUTURA DE MADEIRA COM RASGOS (7) QUE PERMITEM A PASSAGEM DE ÁGUA ATRAVÉS DO MESMO. O RESULTADO CONSISTE NA MELHORIA DE ALGUNS PROBLEMAS A NÍVEL HIDRODÍNÂMICO NA PRÁTICA DESTA ACTIVIDADE, COMO SENDO A FLUTUABILIDADE, MOBILIDADE, EFICÁCIA NOS MOVIMENTOS LATERAIS NA ÁGUA COM APLICAÇÃO DE MENOR FORÇA, FACILITAÇÃO NA ESTABILIDADE E PONTARIA, DIMINUIÇÃO DO RUÍDO APÓS EMBATE NAS ROCHAS, FACILIDADE DE TRANSPORTE DENTRO E FORA DE ÁGUA, ENTRE OUTROS. DE REFERIR AINDA QUE ESTAS CARACTERÍSTICAS EM NADA PREJUDICAM A RESISTÊNCIA DA ARMA. PELO CONTRÁRIO, ASSEGURAM A SUA DURABILIDADE COM UMA PERFORMANCE MAIS EVOLUÍDA TENDENDO PARA UMA OPTIMIZAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA NA PRÁTICA DA ACTIVIDADE DE CAÇA SUBMARINA A QUE SE DESTINA.A ARMA DE CAÇA SUBMARINA É AINDA COMPOSTA POR UM ARPÃO (1); ELÁSTICOS (2); OGIVAS (3); CABEÇA ONDE SÃO FIXADOS OS ELÁSTICOS (5); PUNHO E MECANISMO DE DISPARO (8).
Patent PT-104696-A (PT)
Title: Visualizador táctil electrocrómico
Inventor: BAPTISTA CARLOS ALBERTO PINHEIRO
IPC: G02F1/15
Filed: 2009-07-29
Abstract: A PRESENTE INVENÇÃO REFERE-SE A UM VISUALIZADOR TÁCTIL, COMPREENDENDO UMA ESTRUTURA ELECTRÓNICA DE VISUALIZAÇÃO CONSTITUÍDA POR DEPOSIÇÃO DE CAMADAS DE: MATERIAL CONDUTOR ELÉCTRICO; AO QUAL ESTÁ SOBREPOSTO MATERIAL ELECTROCRÓMICO; AO QUAL ESTÁ SOBREPOSTO MATERIAL ELECTRÓLITO; AO QUAL ESTÁ SOBREPOSTO MATERIAL ELECTROQUIMICAMENTE ACTIVO, AO QUAL ESTÁ SOBREPOSTO MATERIAL CONDUTOR ELÉCTRICO, EM QUE A ESTRUTURA ELECTRÓNICA DE VISUALIZAÇÃO É SIMULTANEAMENTE UMA ESTRUTURA ELECTRÓNICA DE DETECÇÃO DE TOQUE, CUJA DETECÇÃO DE TOQUE DEPENDE DA APLICAÇÃO CONTÍNUA DUM ESTÍMULO ELÉCTRICO MODULADO; E FUNCIONA COM BASE EM VARIAÇÕES NA CAPACIDADE ELÉCTRICA DA ESTRUTURA ELECTRÓNICA.
Patent PT-105150-A (PT)
Title: Processo para produção de filamentos poliméricos piezoeléctricos
Inventor: CARVALHO HELDER MANUEL TEIXEIRA
IPC: H01L41/45
Filed: 2010-06-09
Abstract: A PRESENTE INVENÇÃO CONSISTE NUM PROCESSO PARA OBTENÇÃO, EM LINHA E EM CONTÍNUO, DE FILAMENTOS TÊXTEIS DE SECÇÃO VARIÁVEL QUE INCLUEM UM NÚCLEO COMPOSTO POR: ELÉCTRODOS(1) REVESTIDOS POR DIELÉCTRICO PIEZOACTIVO(2), QUE POR SUA VEZ ESTÁ REVESTIDO POR OUTRO ELÉCTRODO(3) E POR UMA CAMADA ISOLANTE ELÉCTRICA(4). ADICIONALMENTE, PODEM AINDA SER ACRESCENTADA(S) CAMADA(S) DESTINADA(S) A PROPORCIONAR AO FILAMENTO UMA MAIOR ESTABILIDADE ESTRUTURAL, PROTECÇÃO MECÂNICA, CARACTERÍSTICAS DE TOQUE DIFERENTES DO FILAMENTO NU OU A POSSIBILIDADE DE SER TINGIDO. O PROCESSO DE FABRICO DESTES FILAMENTOS É BASEADO EM MÉTODOS CONVENCIONAIS DE CO-EXTRUSÃO NOS QUAIS SÃO INCORPORADOS NOVOS PASSOS, MAIS CONCRETAMENTE O ESTIRAMENTO A TEMPERATURA CONTROLADA QUE POSSIBILITAM A OBTENÇÃO DA FASE CRISTALINA ADEQUADA DO POLIMERO PIEZOELÉCTRICO E A POLARIZAÇÃO ELÉCTRICA DO MESMO E O SISTEMA DE RECIRCULAÇÃO PARA ACTIVAÇÃO DO FILAMENTO COM PROPRIEDADES PIEZOELÉCTRICAS POR POLARIZAÇÃO. O FILAMENTO PIEZOELÉCTRICO APRESENTA PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS QUE TORNAM POSSÍVEL A SUA INTEGRAÇÃO COMPLETA EM PRODUTOS TÊXTEIS, ATRAVÉS DE PROCESSOS TÊXTEIS CONVENCIONAIS, PERMITINDO A SUA UTILIZAÇÃO COMO SENSOR OU ACTUADOR MECÂNICO.
Patent RU-94012666-A (RU)
Inventor: BILICHENKO V B
IPC: A61K51/00
Filed: 1994-04-11
Abstract: FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves introducing the contrast substance simultaneously into the superior, descending, inferior horizontal and ascending parts of the duodenum to be filled with the probe provided with olive and carrying out radiograms. Then 0.1% atropine is administered intravenously and additional contrast substance for radiogram is to be taken once more. The probe with olive has olive having no duct in its tail part and conducting tube which has openings of equal diameters in the wall of tube lumen at 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, 170, 190 mm distance from the conducting tube end. EFFECT: enhanced accuracy of diagnosis. 2 dwg
Patent RU-94017328-A (RU)
Inventor: USHEROV A I
IPC: C22B1/243
Filed: 1994-05-11
Abstract: FIELD: metallurgy, namely, briquetting of secondary aluminium production waste used as charge for production cast iron and high-content alumina slag in blast furnaces. SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing a mixture from filler, activator and water by mixing ingredients and pressing the mixture into briquettes at pressure of 5-50 MPs. In so doing, wastes of secondary aluminium used as a filler while alumina-containing cement or lime, as an activator of setting. EFFECT: enhanced strength of briquettes for their transportation due to strong structure of hydroaluminates formed at activator introduction and pressing, providing a function of gas suppression. 3 cl, 2 tbl
Patent RU-94017633-A (RU)
Inventor: TIKHOMIROV S G
IPC: H03F3/193
Filed: 1994-05-12
Abstract: FIELD: radio engineering; high-frequency power amplifier channels and miscellaneous high-frequency energy sources. SUBSTANCE: amplifier has input matching circuit, output matching circuit, N field-effect transistors according to number of stages, capacitors according to number of transistors. EFFECT: simplified design while retaining conditions for output matching of transistor in each stage with load and stage-by-stage addition in absence of external adding devices; provision for manufacturing amplifiers in the form of solid-state integrated-circuit assemblies, integrated circuits, or vacuum assemblies.