Patent GB-352988-A (GB)
Title: Plastic compositions from cellulose derivatives
IPC: C08K5/521
Filed: 1930-04-07
Abstract: Plasticizers for use in nitrocellulose or cellon lacquers consist of tertiary phosphoric acid esters of mono-alkyl or -aryl glycol esters of the ethylene, propylene, and butylene series, either simple or mixed, whether or not such esters contain also alkyl or aryl radicles.  The substituting groups of the esters may be halogenated. The coatings obtained with the use of such lacquers, particularly nitrocellulose and methylcellulose lacquers, are fast to light and are capable of resisting the effects of cold.ALSO:Tertiary phosphoric acid esters of mono-alkyl or -aryl glycol esters of the ethylene, propylene, or butylene series, either simple or mixed, whether or not such esters contain also alkyl or aryl radicles, are used as plasticizing agents in the preparation of plastic compositions or solutions having as their basis cellulose derivatives such as acetylcellulose, nitrocellulose, or cellulose ethers.  The substituting groups of the esters may be halogenated.  The products obtained exhibit good mechanical properties, are fast to light, and are capable of withstanding low temperatures without becoming brittle; and by the use of the esters referred to, their inflammability is reduced, especially if the halogenated esters are employed.  Generally the esters derived from the lower homologues of the glycol esters exhibit the greatest gelatinizing power.  The phosphoric acid esters may be used alone or in conjunction with other plasticizers such as triacetin and phthalic acid esters.  The solutions may be used as lacquers and in the manufacture of foils. In examples for illustrating the manufacture of acetylcellulose foils, the following plasticizers or mixtures of plasticizers are employed:-methyl glycol phosphate; dimethylglycol butylglycol phosphate, if desired with an addition of titanium white; dimethylglycol butylglycol phosphate and trichlorethyl phosphate; monochlorethyl-methyl glycol butylglycol phosphate and dimethylglycol butylglycol phosphate.  Tertiary phosphoric and esters of mono-alkyl or -aryl glycol ethers of the ethylene, propylene or butylene series, are prepared by reacting with phosphorus oxychloride on the alkyl or aryl glycol ethers, the ethers being employed in an excess more than four times that theoretically necessary to replace the third chlorine atom.  In a similar manner, tertiary phosphoric acid esters containing also alkyl or aryl radicles can be prepared, the substitution being effected in any order; and in this case, if the substitution of the alkyl or aryl group takes place in the third and final stage of the reaction, the alcohol or phenol must similarly be employed in more than four times the theoretical quantity.  Further, similar esters containing halogenated substituting groups can also be prepared, it being necessary to employ halogenated glycol ethers or halogenated alcohols or phenols; alternatively, these esters may be prepared by halogenating simple or mixed tertiary phosphoric acid esters of mono-alkyl or -aryl glycol ethers, whether or not such esters contain alkyl or aryl radicles and whether or not they already contain halogenated radicles.  In examples illustrating the preparation of the esters, phosphorus oxychloride is brought to reaction with the following reagents:-monoethyl-ethyleneglycol ether; monobutyl-ethyleneglycol ether; mono-phenyl-ethyleneglycol ether; monobutyl-propyleneglycol ether; monomethyl-ethyleneglycol ether and monobutyl-ethyleneglycol ether; monoethylethyleneglycol ether and butanol; monophenyl-ethyleneglycol ether and monomethyl-ethyleneglycol ether; ethyleneglycol chlorhydrin and monomethyl-ethyleneglycol ether; ethyleneglycol chlorhydrin, monomethyl-ethyleneglycol ether, and butanol; ethyleneglycol bromhydrin, monomethyl-ethyleneglycol ether, and monobutyl-ethyleneglycol ether.  In another example, a chlorine substituted ester is prepared by passing chlorine into dimethylglycol-butylglycol phosphate.ALSO:Tertiary phosphoric acid esters of mono-alkyl or aryl-glycol ethers of the ethylene, propylene or butylene series, either simple or mixed, whether or not such esters contain also alkyl or aryl radicles, are used as plasticizing agents in the preparation of plastic compositions having as their basis cellulose derivatives such as acetylcellulose, nitrocellulose and cellulose ethers.  The substituting groups may be halogenated. The products obtained exhibit good mechanical properties, are fast to light, and are capable of withstanding low temperatures without becoming brittle; and by the use of the esters referred to their inflammability is lowered especially if the halogenated esters are employed.  Generally the esters derived from the lower homologues of the glycol ethers exhibit the greatest gelatinizing power.  The phosphoric acid esters may be used alone or in conjunction with other plasticizers such as triacetin and phthalic acid esters.  In examples, the following plasticizers or mixtures of plasticizers are employed: methylglycol phosphate; dimethylglycol butylglycol phosphate, if desired with an addition of titanium white; dimethylglycol butylglycol phosphate and trichlorethyl phosphate; monochlor-ethylmethylglycol butylglycol phosphate and dimethylglycol butylglycol phosphate.