Patent GB-891901-A (GB)
Title: Detergent compositions
Inventor: BIHAN HENRY LE
IPC: C11D1/72
Filed: 1958-10-09
Abstract: A detergent composition comprises a mixture of (a) a condensate of one or more alkylene oxides with wool grease or a wool grease derivative and (b) a condensate of one or more alkylene oxides with an alkyl phenol, a fatty alcohol or a fatty amine in which the alkyl groups present preferably contain 8-18 carbon atoms; in general the weight ratio of (a) to (b) is 25:75 to 75:25, and preferably 50:50. The condensate (a) may suitably be the direct polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene condensates of wool grease itself, or the polyoxyethylene condensate of wool grease fatty acids or the methyl ester of wool grease fatty acids, and such condensates generally contain 4-60 alkylene oxide units.  The condensate (b) generally contains 2-60 alkylene oxide units and is suitably an octyl cresol. lauryl alcohol, tall oil, or stearylamine polyglycol ether, or a polyoxyethylenated and/or polyoxypropylenated nonyl phenol.  Alkali metal phosphates and polyphosphates, silicates, carbonates, bicarbonates, sulphates and perborates, sodium chloride, magnesium oxide, carboxymethylcellulose, water, optical dye and perfume may also be incorporated.ALSO:A condensate of one or more alkylene oxides with wool grease or a wool grease derivative may contain 4-60 alkylene oxide units.  Polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene condensates of wool grease are obtained by bubbling ethylene or propylene oxide into dehydrated wool grease of average molecular weight 750 at 195 DEG C. under a pressure of 2 atmospheres in the presence of sodium hydroxide, and recovering the condensate by distillation. Products are obtained containing (averagely) 28 molar proportions of ethylene oxide (Example 1), 4,3 and 11,7 molar proportions of propylene oxide (Example 5), and 20, 45 and 60 molar proportions of ethylene oxide (Example 14); in Example 15, a product containing 12 molar proportions of ethylene oxide is then further condensed with a further 20,5 molar proportions of propylene oxide. A polyoxyethylene condensate of wool grease fatty acids containing 14 molar proportions of ethylene oxide is obtained under similar conditions by substituting the acids for the unsplit grease (Example 2).  Polyoxyethylene condensates of the methyl ester of wool grease fatty acids are obtained by refluxing the acids with sodium methylate and then treating the resulting ester at 195 DEG -200 DEG C. with ethylene oxide at atmospheric pressure in the presence of sodium hydroxide (Example 3).  A polyoxyethylene condensate of the saponification product obtained by autoclaving wool grease with sodium hydroxide and ethanol at 100 DEG -105 DEG C. at a pressure of 3 Kg./cm.2, is prepared by removing excess ethanol, adding further sodium hydroxide and then bubbling ethylene oxide into the mixture at 195 DEG -205 DEG C. at a pressure of 3 atmospheres; the product contains 40 molar proportions of ethylene oxide (Example 4).ALSO:Polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene condensates of wool grease are obtained by bubbling ethylene or propylene oxide into dehydrated wool grease of average molecular weight 750 at 195 DEG C. under a pressure of 2 atmospheres in the presence of sodium hydroxide, and recovering the condensate from the reaction mixture by distillation (Examples 1 and 5).  The polyoxyethylene condensate of Example 1 may then be further condensed with propylene oxide (Example 15).  Polyoxyethylene condensates of wool grease fatty acids are obtained by substituting the acids for the unsplit grease under similar conditions (Example 2).  Polyoxyethylene condensates of the methyl ester of wool grease fatty acids are obtained by refluxing the fatty acids with sodium methylate and then treating the resulting ester at 195 DEG C.-200 DEG C. with ethylene oxide at atmospheric pressure in the presence of sodium hydroxide (Example 3). Polyoxyethylene condensates of the saponification product obtained by autoclaving wool grease with sodium hydroxide and ethanol at 100 DEG C.-105 DEG C. at a pressure of 3 Kg./cm.2, are prepared by removing excess ethanol, adding further sodium hydroxide and bubbling ethylene oxide into the mixture at 195 DEG C.-205 DEG C. at a pressure of 3 atmospheres (Example 4).