Patent GB-769252-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to textile coloring compositions
IPC: D06M15/273
Filed: 1955-04-04
Abstract: An aqueous composition for colouring textiles comprises a pigment mixed with a waterinsoluble linear copolymer containing 1 to 25 per cent of glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate and at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, amyl, phenyl, benzyl and phenylethyl esters of acrylic, methacrylic, propacrylic, chloroacrylic and bromoacrylic acids, hexyl, heptyl, n-octyl and 2-ethylhexyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, N-dimethyl, -diethyl, -dipropyl, -dibutyl, -diamyl, -dihexyl and -dioctyl acrylamides, styrene, alpha-methyl styrene, dimethylstyrenes, dichlorostyrenes, cyanostyrenes, methoxystyrenes, 4-chloro-1-vinyl naphthalene, vinyl and vinylidene chlorides and bromides, methyl and ethyl vinyl ketones, methyl isopropenyl ketone, dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, dibutyl, diphenyl, dibenzyl and di-(phenylethyl) itaconates, vinyl, allyl and methallyl acetates, propionates and valerates, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinyl thiophene and 4-vinyl pyridine.  The copolymer dispersions are suitably prepared by the copolymerization of the monomers in an aqueous medium in the presence of a non-ionic emulsifying agent, e.g. an ethylene oxide condensation product with tert.-octyl phenol, and a catalyst which preferably consists of a mixture of an oxidizing agent, such as alkali metal and ammonium persulphates and perborates, hydrogen peroxide, tert.-butyl and cumene hydroperoxides and tert.-butyl perbenzoate, and a reducing agent such as sodium hydrosulphite and metabisulphite, water-soluble thiosulphates and salts of metals capable of existing in more than one valence state, e.g. cobalt, nickel, iron and copper.  The pigment may be added to the aqueous dispersion either before or after polymerization, suitable pigments being azo-pigments and lakes, phthalocyanine pigments, vatdyestuffs in their water-insoluble form, carbon black, iron oxides, chrome yellows, titanium dioxide, lithopone and metals in powder or flake form, e.g. aluminium, bronze, brass, chromium and gold.  The dispersions may also include thickeners such as tragacanth, polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose.  The aqueous compositions are applied to textiles and dried by heating, which results in cross-linking of the copolymer through its epoxy groups, this reaction being accelerated by the addition of catalysts such as ammonium chloride or p-toluene sulphonic acid.  Alternatively cross-linking agents may be included in the compositions, for example polyamines, dialdehydes and monomeric or low molecular weight reaction products of an aldehyde with urea, thiourea and biuret and derivatives thereof, triazines and substitution products of biguanide.ALSO:Textile materials are coloured either locally or overall with an aqueous composition comprising a pigment mixed with a water-insoluble copolymer containing 1 to 25 per cent of glycidyl acrylate or methacrylate and at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer such as methyl, ethyl, phepyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, amyl, pronyl, benzyl, and phenylethyl esters of acrylic, methacrylic, propacrylic, chloroacrylic and bromoacrylic acids, hexyl, heptyl, n-octyl and 2 - ethylhexyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, N - dimethyl, -diethyl, -dipropyl, -dibutyl, -diamyl, -dihexyl and -dioctyl acrylamides, styrene, alphamethyl stryrene, dimethyl-styrenes, dichlorostyrenes, cyanostyrenes, methoxystyrenes, 4 - chloro - 1 - vinyl naphthalene, vinyl and vinylidene chlorides and bromides, methyl and ethyl vinyl ketones, methyl isopropenyl ketone, dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, dibutyl, diphenyl, dibenzyl and di -(phenylethyl) itaconates, vinyl, allyl and methallyl acetates, propionates and valerates, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinyl thiophene and 4 - vinyl pyridine.  Pigments specified are azo-pigments and lakes, phthalocyanine pigments, vat dyestuffs in their water-insoluble form, carbon black, iron oxides, chrome yellows, titanium oxides, lithopone and metals in powder or flake form, e.g. aluminium, bronze, brass, chromium and gold.  The dispersions may also include thickeners such as tragacanth, polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose.  The fabrics to which the compositions are applied may be made from fibres of cotton, rayon, wool, silk, linen, cellulose acetate, casein, soya bean protein, polyamides, polyglycol terephthalate, polyethylene, polyvinyl and polyvinylidene chlorides, polyacrylonitrile, copolmers of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile or vinylidene chloride, copolymers of vinylidene chloride with vinyl acetate, ethylene or acrylonitrile and copolymers of acrylonitrile with vinyl acetate, methacrylonitrile or vinyl pyridines.  The dispersions are applied to the textiles and dried by heating which results in cross-linking through the epoxy groups of the copolymer.  Alternatively cross-linking agents may be included in the compositions, for example dialdehydes, polyamines and monomeric or low molecular weight reaction products of an aldehyde with urea, thiourea and biuret and derivatives thereof, triazines and substitution products of biguanide.