Patent GB-602048-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of nitrogen compounds, in the softening of vegetable, animal or synthetic fibres and in treating baths for textile materials
IPC: D06M13/402
Filed: 1945-10-12
Abstract: Compounds suitable for softening vegetable, animal or synthetic fibres for minimizing electrostatic charges thereon and for improving the fastness of dyeings, are made by heating together from .25 to .75 mols. of a dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC(CH2)nCOOH, where n is any integer from 1 to 6, from .5 to 1.5 mols. of a fatty acid or mono-olefinic monocarboxylic acid having at least 12 carbon atoms in the molecule, and one molecular proportion of a dialkylolamine or of a trialkylolamine.  The products may be treated with alkyl, aryl or aralkyl esters of inorganic acids to convert them to quaternary salts, or treated with acid such that the pH of the solution is not less than 2.5, e.g. with acetic or formic acid.  The mono-olefinic acid may be replaced by its ester or acyl halide, and the dicarboxylic by its ester, anhydride or acyl halide. Dicarboxylic acids specified are malonic and adipic, and monocarboxylic acids, stearic and palmitic, oleic, or acids obtained by splitting oils and fats, e.g. coconut oil or tallow. Alkylolamines specified are diethanolamine, triethanolamine, tri-iso-propanolamine, N-methyl diethanolamine.  A mixture of two or more mono- or di-carboxylic acids or alkylolamines may be used for the reaction.  The dicarboxylic acid and the alkolamine are preferably heated first before the addition of the monocarboxylic acid.  The solutions of the quaternary salts are preferably buffered, e.g. by sodium acetate or citrate so that a 25 per cent solution at 25 DEG  C. has a pH of 2.5-7.  If a dialkylolamine has been used, up to two molecular proportions of alkyl, aryl or aralkyl ester, which may be a sulphate or a halide may be used to alkylate the secondary amino groups. Vegetable, animal or synthetic fibres, particularly regenerated cellulose, may be treated with solutions of the products, the fibres being in any stage of manufacture.  In examples: (1) adipic acid is heated with triethanolamine and palmitic acid and the water-insoluble wax (which will dissolve in acetic acid) is dissolved in ethyl alcohol and treated with dimethyl sulphate; (2) dyed viscose material is impregnated with a solution of the product of (1); (3) succinic acid is reacted with stearic acid and N-methyl-di-b -hydroxyethylamine and the product is dissolved in dilute acetic acid; (4) cellulose acetate yarn is softened by impregnation with a solution of the product of (3) in dilute acetic acid.ALSO:Compounds suitable for softening vegetable, animal or synthetic fibres, for minimizing electrostatic charges thereon and for improving the fastness of dyeings are made by heating together from 25 to 75 mols. of a dicarboxylic acid of the formula HOOC(CH2)nCOOH, where n is any integer from 1 to 6, from .5 to 1.5 mols. of a fatty acid or mono-olefinic monocarboxylic acid having at least 12 carbon atoms in the molecule, and one molecular proportion of a dialkylolamine or of a trialkylolamine.  The products may be treated with alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl esters of inorganic acids to convert them to quaternary salts, or treated with acid such that the pH of the solution is not less than 2.5, e.g. with acetic or formic acids.  The mono-olefinic acid may be replaced by its ester or acyl halide, and the dicarboxylic by its ester, anhydride, or acyl halide.  Dicarboxylic acids specified are malonic and adipic, and monocarboxylic acids are stearic, palmitic, oleic, or acids obtained by splitting oils and fats, e.g. coconut oil or tallow.  Alkylolamines specified are diethanolamine, triethanolamine, tri-isopropanolamine, N-methyl diethanolamine.  A mixture of two or more mono- or di-carboxylic acids or alkylolamines may be used for the reaction.  The dicarboxylic acid and the alkyolamine are preferably heated first before the addition of the monocarboxylic acid.  The solutions of the quaternary salts are preferably buffered, e.g. by sodium acetate or citrate so that a 25 per cent solution at 25 DEG  C. has a pH of 2.5-7.  If a dialkylolamine has been used, up to two molecular proportions of alkyl, aryl or aralkyl aralkyl ester which may be a sulphate or a halide may be used to alkylate the secondary amino groups.  Vegetable, animal or synthetic fibres, particularly regenerated cellulose, may be treated with solutions of the products, the fibre being in any stage of manufacture.  In example: (1) adipic acid is heated with triethanolamine and palmitic acid and the water-insoluble wax, (which will dissolve in acetic acid) is dissolved in ethyl alcohol and treated with dimethyl sulphate; (2) dyed viscose material is impregnated with a solution of the product of (1); (3) succinic acid is reacted with stearic acid and N-methyl-dihydroxyethylamine and the product is dissolved in dilute acetic acid; (4) cellulose acetate yarn is softened by impregnation with a solution of the product of (3) in dilute acetic acid.