Patent GB-188013-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to controllers for the feeds of machine-tool carriages and for analogous purposes
IPC: B23Q5/26
Filed: 1921-06-01
Abstract: 188,013. Ferris, W. June 1, 1921. Turning. - A hydraulically controlled mechanism for operating the sliding carriages of machine tools &c. comprises a hydraulic motor adapted to propel the carriage, a variable displacement slow feed pump, a constant displacement quicktraverse pump of higher capacity, the pumps and the motor being connected up to form a closed hydraulic circuit and means being provided for varying the displacement of the feed pump and for selectively determining which of the two pumps drives the motor. The general arrangement as applied to a lathe is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 12. The hydraulic motor K, which may be of any desired pattern, is connected directly to the carriage K<2> the conduits I, I<1> being provided with high pressure relief valves K<10>, K<11> and by-pass K<9> to short circuit the motor when a lug K<5> on the carriage engages adjustable stops K<7>, K<8> at opposite ends of the traverse. The relief valves may be set to open at different pressures according to the direction of working. The hydraulic gearing is contained within a housing A supporting a hollow post A<6> serving as a pivot for the arm controlling the variable delivery pump B<6>. The housing further accommodates the casing A<5> of the quick-traverse constant displacement gear pump which also supports a controlling valve H actuated from a handle O connected to a pointer moving over a graduated dial. The variable delivery pump comprises a short ball-bearing stub shaft B driven through spiral gears B<3> from the lathe spindle by a belt as shown in Fig. 12 and secured to a driving disc having outer and inner lugs B<7> B<8>, Fig. 11, the latter of which support cross-heads C<8> rigidly secured to the pump plungers C<6>. The cylinder barrel C<4> having a series of radial cylinders rotates on a central spindle C<3> serving as a valve, and the stroke of the pistons in the cylinders is varied by means of a cam P actuated from the controller handle and coacting with a fixed roller to swing the arm C' carrying the pump spindle round the pivot A<6>. The hydraulic fluid is conducted to the mains I, I' through flexible conduits D, D<1> communicating with the valve through the holiow head C<2>. The constant delivery quick traverse pump may be separately driven through bevel gearing E<6> and comprises gears E<8>, E' rotating in a chamber E<11>, the fluid being drawn through a port F and discharged into a passage communicating through passages G<2>, G<4> with the controlling valve H. The controlling valve is so arranged that in the position shown in Fig. 6 the fluid flowing through the passage G<4> will pass through a chamber H<3> through a valve H<5> and back to the gear pump while, liquid flowing through the passage G<3> will pass through a make-up passage I<9> and through a bye-pass I<6> communicating with the main I<3>, this flow-being employed to replace, on the low pressure side, any leakage from the hydraulic circuit. When the valve is returned so that the bye-pass I<6> provides a passage between the ports G<5>, G<6> the whole discharge from the gear pump may be thrown into one of the mains thus providing a. quick traverse of the carriage in either direction. The cam P controlling the delivery of the variable feed pump has a central neutral portion P<3>, P<4> of circular shape so that the first movement of the controller brings the controlling valve to the position shown in Fig. 6 from which point the necessary make up flow may take place into the main I<3>. Further movement of the controller handle increases the displacement of the variable pump to a maximum after which the control valve alone is rotated until the full discharge from the gear pump is thrown into the high pressure main to give a rapid traverse to the tool carriage. In a modification the displacements of the two pumps may be subtracted instead of added so that the variable pump will give a slow working traverse and when the gear pump discharges into the main a quick return will be effected. In a further modification the cam P may be arranged so that when the variable pump reaches its maximum further movement of the control handle restores this pump to its zero position and the gear pump alone circulates the fluid for quick traverse.