Patent GB-1074440-A (GB)
Title: Freeze concentration
IPC: C12H6/04
Filed: 1964-10-14
Abstract: 1,074,440. Concentrating solutions by freezing. STRUTHERS SCIENTIFIC & INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION. Oct. 14, 1964 [Nov. 4, 1963], No. 41903/64. Heading F4H. In a process for concentrating solutions by freezing, the solution is partially frozen in a number of stages, ice and mother liquor from each stage are separated, ice from only the first stage is washed with water and discharged, ice from the subsequent stage is recycled to an earlier stage and mother liquor is discharged from the last stage. As shown, dilute coffee solution is fed by a pump 11, via a first pre-cooler 12, line 22, a second precooler 23 and lines 30 to centrifuges 31, 32, 33 associated respectively with crystallizers 51, 59, 64, the dilute solution serving to slurry ice separated in the centrifuges. The slurries are then combined and forwarded through line 36 by pump 35 to a first crystallizer 39 from which a concentrated solution/ice slurry passes through line 46 to a first centrifuge 47 having water inlets 80, 81. From centrifuge 47 an ice/water slurry is withdrawn by pump 83 and forwarded to a melter-condenser 16, wash water is supplied through line 80<SP>1</SP> to line 36 for recirculation to crystallizer 39 and concentrated solution is withdrawn by pump 49, part of said solution being recirculated to line 30 through line 37 and part being supplied through line 48 to crystallizer 51. The slurry of ice and further concentrated solution from the latter is in part recycled by pump 57 to the inlet of pump 49 and in part supplied to centrifuge 31. From the latter the further concentrated solution passes through line 57<SP>1</SP> to crystallizer 59 to form a further slurry which is passed through line 71 to centrifuge 32 and the separated solution is passed from the latter to the final crystallizer 64. The final concentrated solution from the latter is separated in centrifuge 33 and passed by pump 73 to either a storage tank 110 or an outlet line 72<SP>1</SP>; part of the solution may be recycled to crystallizer 64 through line 70<SP>1</SP>. The water produced in the melter-condenser 16 is discharged through line 17, part of the water being supplied by pump 87 to the inlets 80, 81 of centrifuge 47 and part being passed by pump 15 to heat exchanger 12 to cool incoming solution. Refrigerant vapour from the crystal. lizers passes to a main compressor 93 and thence to a condenser 85 in melter-condenser 16, condensed refrigerant being collected in a main receiver 90 for supply to the crystallizers. An auxiliary compressor 97 is connected to the suction line of compressor 93 and discharges to a water-cooled condenser 99 having a receiver 102, liquid from the latter being passed to the main receiver via an expansion valve 105. In a modification (Fig. 3, not shown), the pre-cooled solution is passed only to centrifuge (31) to produce a slurry which is forwarded to crystallizer (39) and thence to centrifuge (47). The concentrated solution from the latter is then used to slurry ice in centrifuge (32), the slurry being forwarded to crystallizer (51) and centrifuge (47). Concentrated solution from the latter is then used to slurry ice in centrifuge (33), the slurry is passed to crystallizer (59) and centrifuge (32) and the solution from the latter passes to crystallizer (64) and centrifuge - (33) to be discharged therefrom as the produce stream.