Patent GB-792707-A (GB)
Title: Electronic digital computers
Inventor: NEWMAN EDWARD ARTHUR
IPC: G06F12/0866
Filed: 1954-10-22
Abstract: 792,707. Digital electric calculating-apparatus. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Oct. 21, 1955 [Oct. 22, 1954], No. 30442/54. Class 106 (1). In an electronic digital computer, number and instruction words each comprise a group of digits forming an identifying tag which enables the word to be located, and instruction words each comprise also a group of digits defining the tag of another word, the tag-defining group of a present instruction word being compared with the tags of stored words and the word for which equivalence is found being operated upon. The computer illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises a magnetic drum main store MS having 32 tracks each storing 32 words, immediate access single-word temporary stores TS1-TS10, e.g. magnetostrictive nickel delay lines, a computing or function box FB and associated single-word registers R1, R2. Each word comprises 48 binary digits. In a number word, the tag comprises a group of 10 digits out of the first 16, the last 32 digits forming the number; this tag corresponds to an address in MS. In an instruction word, Fig. 2, the tag or address comprises only 8 digits in positions 3-10 (since the instructions are confined to a restricted number of tracks on MS), and is followed by a number word address (Tag A), the next order tag, and function digits as shown. Each tag comprises track-selecting digits which may be set up in a staticizer in main store selector MS or order selector OS and track-section-selecting digits which are compared with marker digit, signals obtained from a special drum track. In operation, order selector OS controls gates GD associated with the instruction-storing tracks to pass an instruction word to control register CR which comprises a magnetostrictive delay line having three spaced heads whereby digits 17, 29 and 41, et seq., Fig. 2, are read out simultaneously. The next order tag is sent to OS, and tag A to tag-comparing circuits in stores TS1-TS10 and in main store selector MSS; the function digits comprise digits F sent to FB, a digit Y sent to selector RS to select one or the other of registers R1, R2, a " stop " digit S, and a digit X which determines whether a number is to be read out from or written into a store. For read-out, if tag A agrees with the tag in one of the temporary stores, the number in this store is read out immediately to FB via gates GZ. If the required number is not found in the temporary stores, it is selected from the main store by control of MSS and passed to a temporary store selected by gates GS controlled by a sequencer S, the number in this selected temporary store being previously sent to the main store. Similarly, for writing in, if tag A agrees with the tag in a temporary store, a number from FB is passed to the store via gates GZ and replaces the number previously stored; if no agreement is found, the contents of the temporary store selected by sequencer S are passed to the main store, and the number from FB is then passed to this vacant temporary store. The sequencer S may comprise a cold cathode ten-output switching tube which is stepped on, between transfers to or from the temporary stores, by end-of-operation pulses, so that the stores are selected in turn in a cyclic manner. The production of these pulses is delayed for multiplication or division. Logical circuit diagrams are given of one temporary store and connections to the main store, and the instruction control arrangements including register CR, the circuits including gate-controlling bi-stable trigger circuits and delay units. Various modifications are described, e.g. the temporary stores may comprise sections of an additional track on the magnetic drum, the sequencer may be replaced by a control circuit which selects for replacement the least-used number in the temporary stores, or the main store as well as the temporary stores may comprise a group of delay lines. Specifications 717,114 and 719,066 are referred to.