Patent GB-753050-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polymeric compositions, to their preparation, and to methods for preparing shaped articles therefrom
IPC: C09D157/00
Filed: 1954-03-31
Abstract: A synthetic resin composition comprises a water-insoluble, water-dispersible, non-electrolyte film-forming polymer and a water-soluble anionic polyelectrolyte polymer in a weight ration in the range 50 : 50 to 97 : 3, the anionic polyelectrolyte polymer containing at least 0.2 acidic group per 100 molecular weight and also containing oxirane groups, the molar ratio or acidic groups to oxirane groups being at least 1 : 1.  The film-forming polymer may be polyhexamethyleneadipamide, polyhexamethylenesebacamide, polydecamethyleneadipamide, polyethylene terephthalate, a polyesteramide disclosed in Specification 561,108, a polymer or copolymer of vinyl fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide, vinylidene fluoride or chloride, 1,1 - dichloro - 2,2 - difluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, trifluorochloroethylene, ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, vinylcyclohexane, styrene, vinyl naphthalene, 2 - phenyl - 1,3 - butadiene, 2 - fluoro-, 2-chloro-, or 2-iodo 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, ethyl acrylate, methyl, butyl, methoxymethyl or chlorethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinyl formate, acetate, chloracetate, butyrate or laurate, acrolein, methacrolein, methyl vinyl ketone, N-vinyl phthalimide or succinimide, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl isobutyl ether, 2-phenoxy-1,3-butadiene, N-vinyl caprolactam or butyrolactam, or a copolymer of dimethyl or diethyl fumarate or maleate.  The polyelectrolyte polymer may be prepared by copolymerizing an unsaturated acid, such as methacrylic acid with an unsaturated epoxy monomer such as glycidyl methacrylate, but is preferably prepared by reacting a polybasic polymeric acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof with an epoxy-alcohol or ester-forming derivative thereof. The polymeric acid may be polyacrylic, polymethacrylic, polyethacrylic, or poly-alpha-chloroacrylic acid, a copolymer of methacrylic acid with methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, styrene or 1,3-butadiene, an acrylic acid-acrylonitrile copolymer, a hydrolysed copolymer of maleic anhydride with ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, styrene, methyl vinyl ether, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, or ethyl acrylate, polyvinylsulphonic acid, polyvinylbenzenesulphonic acid, polyvinylnaphthalenesulphonic acid, a polymeric acid obtained by reacting phosphoric acid with polyvinyl alcohol, a hydrolysed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, lignic acid, alginic acid or carboxymethylcellulose.  The epoxy-alcohol may be 2,3-epoxy propanol, 5,6 - epoxyhexanol - 2, beta - hydroxyethyl ethylene oxide, 3,4-epoxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentanol - 3, epoxydodecanol, epoxyoctadecanol, 3 - hydroxy - 1,2 - epoxycyclohexane or alphahydroxymethyl - alphaphenylethylene oxide.  The partial epoxy-alcohol esters of the polymeric acids may be prepared by reacting the sodium salt of the latter with a chloroepoxy compound such as epichlorohydrin.  The compositions may be prepared by dissolving the anionic polyelectrolyte polymer in an aqueous dispersion of the film-forming polymer.  The resulting blend may then be cast into a film or coating or extruded to form a filament, the shaped article being then heated to crosslink the polyelectrolyte polymer through the epoxy groups and insolubilize it.  The polymer blends may be after-treated with salts of polyvalent cations or anions such as barium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, mercuric or zinc chloride, tin tetrachloride, cadmium acetate, lead nitrate, nickel diacetate, aluminium potassium sulphate, basic chromium sulphate, sodium silicate, sodium cobaltinitrite and sodium chloroplatinate.