baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-757914-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to crystal contact devices
Inventor: FREESTONE ROLAND
IPC: H01L29/00
Filed: 1953-08-07
Abstract: 757,914. Semiconductor devices. SIEMENS ELECTRIC LAMPS & SUPPLIES, Ltd. Aug. 6, 1954 [Aug. 7, 1953], No. 21908/53. Class 37. A crystal contact device comprises a semiconductor element 5 secured to the end of and with its surface transverse to the axis of a mounting pin 4 which is threaded and engages a threaded hole in an insulating base 1, and a plurality of whiskers, e.g. 6, 7 in contact with the element and directly and rigidly fixed at their other ends to the ends of individual mounting pins, e.g. 2, 3 passing through and fixed in holes in the base, wherein the shapes and disposition of the element and whiskers is such that by rotation of the threaded pin the whisker spacing is adjustable during manufacture. External connections may be made to the whiskers only, to avoid affecting the adjustment in use. In the embodiment the pins 2, 3, 4 are mounted in a circular plastics base equidistant from the base centre and from each other. The whiskers 6, 7 are fixed to ground or cut-away inclined surfaces formed on the sides of the pins (e.g. of brass) 2, 3 facing away from the element. The semiconductor element, e.g. Ge of N- or P- type presents a flat or slightly convex surface to the whiskers. One of the whiskers contains or is coated with a donor or acceptor impurity according as the element is N- or P-type while the other is of some other conducting material, e.g. with N-type Ge whiskers of phosphorbronze and copper beryllium respectively may be used. The contact points of the whiskers are chisel-shaped and formed by grinding or cutting. After a rough assembly the threaded pin is rotated until correct spacing of the whiskers is obtained. The device is then formed by discharging a capacitor between the phosphor bronze whisker and the base electrode or between the whiskers. A thin film of a resilient plastic, e.g. polybutene is then applied to hold the whiskers in place, a cover placed over the assembly and its interior filled with a hard-setting epoxy resin through a hole in the cover. The assembly may alternatively be sealed in a glass envelope or embedded in thermosetting plastic. The device may be used as a transistor or by giving one whisker a greater contact area with the element and making connection to the whiskers only as a diode.
Patent GB-1003991-A (GB)
Title: A method of making of composite conductor bar comprising side-by-side component conductors
IPC: H02K3/14
Filed: 1963-05-31
Abstract: 1,003,991. Coils for dynamo-electric machines. LABORDE & KUPFER S.A. May 31, 1963 [Oct. 30, 1962], No. 22030/63. Heading H2A. [Also in Division B3] A method of producing stator windings for synchronous electric machines comprises winding a skein 5 of wires 6, e.g. of insulated copper, about a pair of pins 3 secured to a rotating plate 2, the number of revolutions thereof being equal to the number of wires required in each layer of the winding, cutting the skein transversely into two equal half skeins which are simultaneously fed through a press and Roebel transposed to form a substantially hair-pin-shaped loop 7 which is finally reshaped in a modified wireforming bench into a loop, Fig. 7.
Patent GB-893629-A (GB)
Title: Steroid compounds and the preparation thereof
IPC: C07J41/00
Filed: 1960-06-23
Abstract: The invention comprises a 3-monocyanohydrin of a 3,20-diketo-5(a  or b )-pregnane of the general formula <FORM:0893629/IV (b)/1> wherein X represents a <FORM:0893629/IV (b)/2> group or an a - or b -CHOH- group, and the preparation thereof by reacting the required 3,20-diketosteroid with acetone cyanohydrin in an alcohol solution in the presence of a basic catalyst. e.g. pyridine, and alkylamines, such as ethanolamine, dimethylamine or triethylamine.  (If the process is carried out in the absence of an alcohol a 3,20-dicyano-hydrin is also formed).  The above process may be extended by reacting the resulting 3-monocyanohydrin with a percarboxylic acid, such as peracetic, perbenzoic or perphthalic acid, or with hydrogen peroxide to form the corresponding 3-cyanohydrin of 3-keto-17-acetoxy-etiocholane or androstane and hydrolysing this latter compound in a basic or acidic medium.  If the hydrolysis is carried out in a slightly alkaline medium, e.g. in the presence of pyridine, a 3-keto-17b -acetoxy etiocholane or androstane is formed, if the hydrolysis is carried out in a strongly alkaline medium, e.g. with alkaline hydroxide or carbonate, a 3-keto-17b -hydroxyetiocholane or androstane is formed, or if the hydrolysis is carried out with dilute mineral acid a 3-monocyanohydrin of a 3-keto-17b -hydroxy-etiocholane or androstane is formed.  Detailed examples are given.
Patent GB-500627-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ticket punches.
Inventor: PAUL BARKER JOHN
IPC: G07B11/05
Filed: 1937-08-12
Abstract: 500,627. Ticket - punches. BARKER, J. P. Aug. 12,1937, No. 22142. [Class 106 (iii)] In a ticket-punch having a main punch 43 with a register 28 and an auxiliary punch 108 which operates a second register 28a, the auxiliary punch is carried by the thumb piece 64 for operating the main punch and is provided with means for restraining the punching action except when a ticket is inserted. These means comprising a bell-crank lever 115 and 118 operated by a finger piece 138 and bearing on the punch 108 and an abutment 119. If a ticket is in the slot 109 the resistance to the movement of the punch causes the end 118 of the lever to move and free itself from the abutment 119 and permit a full punch stroke. A pull rod 123 connected to the auxiliary punch operates a ratchet counter 28a. The slot 67 of the main punch is provided with a recess at the back to facilitate clearing the slot of ticket dust. The registers 28 and 28a are centred on the back plate 21 by spigot and socket connections and are covered by the bell 27a which contains a spring 86 clamping the registers in position. The punch has a compartment 24 for punched clippings which may be removed by the method described in Specification 500,628. The main punch is of the kind described in Specification 374,868. The compartment 24 may be provided with an electromagnetic lock. This may comprise a locking lever 145 of magnetic material which co-operates with a non-magnetic counterbalancing lever 146. This double lever construction prevents the lock from being opened by shaking the punch. The back plate of the punch has a recess into which a plate on the conductor's harness is slipped and held in position by a spring detent.
Patent GB-1313168-A (GB)
Title: Derivatives of cyclooctaciene tetracarboxylic acid
IPC: C08G73/10
Filed: 1970-05-07
Abstract: 1313168 Cyclooctane tetracarboxylic acid derivatives YEDA RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT CO Ltd 7 May 1970 [14 May 1969] 22190/70 Heading C2C The invention comprises 3,7-cis,cis-cyclooctadiene - 1,2,5,6 - [a] - tetracarboxylic acid bis - anhydride; 1,2,5,6 - [a] - tetracarbomethoxy - 3,7 - cis,cis - cyclooctadiene; 1,5- cis,cis - cyclooctadiene - 1,2,5,6 - tetracarboxylic acid bis - anhydride; 1,5[a]2,6[e] - tetracarbomethoxy - 3,7 - cis,cis - cyclooctadiene; 1,2 - dicarbomethoxy - 5,6 - dicarboxylic acid anhydride - 1,5 - cyclooctadiene and 1,2,5,6- tetramethoxycarbonyl cyclooctane. Methyl esters, anhydrides and lactones of cyclooctadiene tetracarboxylic acid are prepared by irradiating crystalline trans,trans-muconic acid so as to effect a photochemical dimerization, subjecting the product to thermal treatment to form cyclooctadiene tetracarboxylic acid, and converting this compound without isolation into the desired products by methods known in the art.
Patent GB-267405-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to shrouding for turbine blades and the like
IPC: F01D5/22
Filed: 1926-09-09
Abstract: 267,405. Oliver, C., and Nightingale, W. Sept. 9, 1026. Blades. - Turbine blades are attached to their shrouding by inserting their ends through apertures in a through-like part of the shrouding and running in molten metal. The Made-ends b are shouldered and the shrouding a is stamped, rolled, pressed or extruded to have a trough-like part into which these ends protrude. The bladeends mav be slotted so that a wire c can be placed along the shrouding in the slots, Fig. 3, and the sides of the slots hammered over, Fig. 4, to retain the wine. Molten metal d is then poured into the trough.
Patent GB-258272-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of valuable hydrocarbons or derivatives thereof from coal, tars, mineral oils and the like
IPC: C10G1/08
Filed: 1926-09-09
Abstract: 258,272. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges. Sept. 10, 1925, [Convention date]. Hydrocarbons.-In the destructive hydrogenation of coal, tars, oils, or other carbonaceous materials at high temperatures and pressures of at least 50 atmospheres to produce lighter hydrocarbons, catalysts containing compounds of silver or copper are used. Difficultly reducible metal oxides, or carbonates forming such oxides, and iron or other metal of the 8th group of the periodic system or compounds thereof, may be added. Carbonaceous bodies specified for treatment are coal, lignite, peat, tars, mineral and schist oils, resins, distillation and extraction products thereof, and wood tar and the like. The hydrogen may be replaced by sulphuretted hydrogen or other reducing gas containing hydrogen or by gas mixtures containing free hydrogen, e.g. water gas, or hydrogen containing sulphuretted hydrogen, water vapour, or methane or other hydrocarbon, or the hydrogen may be produced in the reaction vessel, e.g. by the action of steam with carbon oxide or hydrocarbons. In an example a mixture of coal tar cresylic acid with hydrogen and nitrogen is continuously passed at 450‹ C., and 150 atmospheres over a contact mass containing the oxides of silver and titanium, or silver borate, or the oxides of copper and cerium, or of silver and cobalt, or a mixture of compounds of copper and zinc, of silver and tungsten, or of silver and silicon. Specifications 285,923, 286,678, 286,679, 286,680, and 286,681, [all in Class 32, Distilling &c.], are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect, 91 (3) (a) describes also the use of one or more of the following catalysts which are not poisoned by the impurities :-silver, copper, cadmium, lead, bismuth, tin, or their compounds, or stable oxides, or difficulty reducible metal oxides other than alkalies and alkaline earths but including lithium oxide and magnesium oxide. e.g. rare earths, alumina, boric acid, silica, and titanium or other difficulty reducible oxides of the fourth group of the periodic system, oxides of zinc, uranium, manganese, and vanadium, or carbonates, e.g. of magnesium, lithium, zinc, uranium, manganese, and vanadium. Iron, cobalt, nickel, or other metals of the eighth group of the periodic system, or their compounds may be used in conjunction with the above. Catalysts comprising thoria, or a mixture of compounds of uranium and zinc ore are specified. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 4573/14, 12188/15, [both in Class 32, Distilling &c.]; 107,034; 249,156, [Class 32, Distilling &c.]; 251,264; and 257,256, [Class 32, Distilling &c.].
Patent GB-1130107-A (GB)
Title: Desalination of sea water by reverse osmosis using tidal energy
Filed: 1967-05-13
Abstract: 1,130,107. Utilizing tide energy. A.P. PEDRICK. May 13, 1967, No.22266/67. Heading F1S. [Also in Division B1]  Sea-water is desalinated using tidal energy by means of the device shown, which comprises a vessel B floating on the sea, a piston P movable in a hollow cylinder attached to the underside of the vessel, the piston head comprising a semipermeable membrane and the piston being anchored to the sea-bed by means of a cable C. At low-tide (Fig. 2) sea-water flows into the cylinder through non-return valve V. At high-tide (Fig. 3) the vessel B rises and the piston is dragged downwardly through the cylinder, forcing water through the membrane for removal at L. In the apparatus of Fig.4 (not shown), a plurality of pistons connected to a single anchored cable move within respective cylinders mounted in a floating vessel.
Patent GB-281033-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for removing dust, sand, soot and other foreign bodies from dust-laden air, flue gases or the like
IPC: B04C7/00
Filed: 1926-09-10
Abstract: 281,033. Thompson (Dudley), Ltd., J., and West, R. D. Sept. 10, 1926. Density separators.-Dust sand, soot and the like are removed from gas by dividing the swirling gas stream into two parts, the smaller of which contains practically all the foreign bodies and is led to a dust separator, while the larger part is practically clean and is led to a chimney or to another dust separator. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, a fan a discharges dust laden gases through a duct b. An adjustable skimming plate d takes off the heavily laden part of the stream, and this passes through the pipe e to the separator f. The dust can be discharged continuously or intermittently from the outlet f<1> and the clean gas passes to the chimney c. The larger part of the stream through the duct b passes into the base of the chimney c which may contain a separator g<2> of any suitable type causing changes in direction and velocity of the gas. The separated dust may be removed through the door c<2> at the bottom of the chimney. In a modification, the clean gas from the separator is led into the duct b to mix with the large stream from the fan. In another modification the dust laden gas is induced through the opening o<1> by the injector o, Fig. 5. The stream passes through the arcuate duct p; the skimmed part passes to the separator f and the chimney c while the main part passes directly to the chimney. Both parts undergo further treatment if necessary in the separator g<2>.
Patent GB-875993-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for irradiating liquids
IPC: B01J19/12
Filed: 1958-07-14
Abstract: 875,993. Irradiating liquids. WEBER, G. R. July 14, 1958 [July 26, 1957], No. 22451/58. Class 98(1) An apparatus for irradiating liquids, and suitable e.g. for inducing the artificial ripening of beer or vitaminising milk by means of actinic rays of wavelength 3,500-4,500 A‹, comprises a series of adjacent parallel plates (3, e.g. of glass or a transparent synthetic plastic material) having a plane face and a face having a peripheral rib (4), a screwing device (8) to press said plates together in a fluidtight manner to form compartments through which the liquid can be passed successively by means of passageways (2) and at least one irradiating device (12). The numerals relate to Figs. 1 and 2 in which the plates have additionally upright ribs 4a subdividing each compartment. The plates are supported on rods 6 attached to a stand 5. Liquid may be passed in at 9 and withdrawn at 10. The plates are provided with grooves 11 on which two irradiating devices 12 are slidably supported.
Patent GB-756731-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for spreading solid materials over the surface of the land
Inventor: ATKINSON RICHARD LESLIE
IPC: A01C15/00
Filed: 1952-09-06
Abstract: 756,731. Spreading discrete materials. ATKINSON'S AGRICULTURAL APPLIANCES, Ltd. Oct. 7, 1953 [Sept. 6, 1952], No. 22458/52. Class 6 (1). A machine for spreading materials over the land of the type wherein the material is fed from the base of a hopper 13 to horizontal rotary vaned-discs 5 is characterised in that the discs rotate oppositely and their vanes 10 curve rearwardly in the direction of rotation. The machine is drawn by a vehicle which drives the discs, and an endless belt 17 at the hopper-base, through a gear-box 19. A gate 23, adjustable by a rack and pinion 26, controls the rate of discharge from the hopper, and adjustable flaps 28 on each side of the machine control the lateral spread of the material. The vanes 10 curve rearwardly through a change of direction of 100-180 degrees. Instead of the endless belt 17, the material may be ejected by an hydraulic ram (not shown).
Patent GB-881973-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for setting-up cartons
Inventor: MOSSE RICHARD WOLFGANG EMIL
IPC: B31B3/44
Filed: 1959-06-30
Abstract: 881,973. Erecting cartons. METAL BOX CO. Ltd. May 26, 1960 [June 30, 1959], No. 22477/59. Class 18. A cardboard carton, of the type shown in Fig. 2, having its opposite sides gloss-waxed and having polyvinyl acetate resin beneath the wax where overlapping portions are to be heatsealed, is erected on a die-and-plunger machine having heating means, for softening the resin, on a conveyer which carries the blanks from a magazine to the die ; heater means may also be incorporated in the die. Blanks B are moved towards the outlet of a magazine by the action of a weight and are removed by a sucker device 18 operated by a chain from the main shaft. The device 18 delivers each blank on to four rails 31 along which it is traversed by one arm 34 of a revolving spider 33 the spider spindle 35 being geared to the main shaft. Elements 42 engage and push the blank while heaters 46 soften the adhesive. After moving through 270 degrees, stops 49 locate the blank above the die opening. The plunger is carried by a bracket 62 slidable on rods 63, the plunger being operated by a cam on the main shaft. Two opposite side walls of the die are moved inwards by cams to exert pressure on the adhesively secured portions. The cams are chain driven from the main shaft. The die may include radiant heaters which may be accommodated in the movable walls thereof. When the movable die walls release the set-up carton the plunger is raised and a second sucker device operated by a further cam on the main shaft is raised to withdraw the carton down through the die and deliver it to an endless conveyer which may deliver the carton to a filling machine.
Patent GB-802761-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to centrifugal clutches for automobile vehicles
IPC: F16D48/06
Filed: 1956-07-20
Abstract: 802,761. Operating clutches; friction clutches. REGIE NATIONALE DES USINES RENAULT. July 20, 1956 [July 20, 1955; Nov. 25, 1955; Feb. 17, 1956], No. 22553/56. Class 80 (2). A friction clutch, auxiliary to a centrifugal clutch, is disengaged by engine suction on the operation of an electromagnetic valve energized by movement of a gear-changing lever, and is engaged by spring means when the gear lever is not operated. A driving shaft 1 carries the driving linings 4 of a centrifugal clutch actuated by weights 3 acting against springs 5 to engage a drum 6 journalled on a driven shaft 8. The drum 6 is fast with a cover 9 having an extension 10 in which is a duct 20 in communication through sealing rings 11, 12 with a duct 21. A pressure plate 15 has an extension 16 sliding within the extension 10, and is urged by a spring 19 to provide gripping drive against drum 6 and intermediate plate 24 of two clutch discs 22, 23 splined to the shaft 8. A sealing diaphragm 17 defines a closed space 18 between the plate 15 and cover 9. To provide limited torque overrun braking the drum 6 is connected to the flywheel 2 through a freewheel 26 whose outer member 27 is connected to the flywheel 2 by a brake band as described in Specification 801,559. The duct 21 is connected to an electromagnetic valve 28 energized on movement of the gear lever 35 to open the duct 21 to engine intake depression from pipe 29, which depression is led to the chamber 18 to release the friction clutch and disconnect the drive. Release of the gear lever causes valve 28 to close and to open duct 21 to a pipe 31 in communication with the atmosphere through a cock 32 controlled by the engine throttle to prevent rapid engagement of the clutch under closed throttle conditions by restricting the air flow to pipe 31, and to allow rapid clutch engagement under open throttle conditions. In a modification, Fig. 2, the valve 28 is supplemented by a regulator comprising a spring-loaded diaphragm 41 in communication through a throttlecontrolled cock 45 with the atmosphere, which diaphragm operates a slide valve 36. The valve 36 regulates to a predetermined value the negative pressure acting on the clutch from the pipe 29 to limit the maximum torque transmissable by the clutch when the engine throttle is in the neighbourhood of its closed position. In a further modification, Fig. 3, not shown, the friction clutch is of the single plate-type operated from a piston, the equivalent of plate 15, through a reduction linkage of known type.
Patent GB-907416-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to inverter circuits, and to direct-current converters incorporating inverter circuits
Inventor: SIMMONS BRIAN DESMOND
IPC: H02M7/5383
Filed: 1960-06-29
Abstract: 907,416. Converting. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. May 4, 1961 [June 29, 1960], No. 22805/60. Class 38 (2). [Also in Group XL (c)] To facilitate " starting " of an inverter circuit, a four layer diode is connected in series with the load supplied from the inverter through a transformer. In the D.C.-D.C. converter shown, the four layer diode F2D is a twoterminal PNPN germanium type. The selfexcited oscillator comprises transistors T1-T4 in series push-pull providing rectangular A.C. to the primary winding P of the saturable transformer having a centre-tapped secondary winding SS and additional windings F1-F4 supplying feedback to the transistors T1-T4 respectively. At " switch on " the diode F2D presents a high impedance when the full oscillating conditon of the inverter is established. The initial voltage surge being sufficient to exceed the breakdown voltage of the diode F2D which then assumes a low impedance state. The transistors T1-T4 are protected against transient voltages by the capacitor C1 and the resistor R7 and against over voltage by the potential divider R5, R6.
Patent GB-1345777-A (GB)
Title: Columbium-treated low carbon steel and process of production  thereof
IPC: C22C38/12
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1345777 Steel alloy ARMCO STEEL CORP 19 April 1971 [2 March 1970 18 Jan 1971] 22814/71 Heading C7A A non-aging low carbon steel consists of Fe balance, at least 0À025% of uncombined columbium being present at the hot rolling stage as determined by analysis at room temperature. A process of manufacture includes providing a steel melt containing a maximum of 0À55% C., vacuum degassing to reduce carbon content to 0À015% max, oxygen to 0À010% max and nitrogen to 0À012% max, adding columbium to combine with the carbon, casting and solidifying followed by either hot or cold rolling followed by annealing. After quenching the steel may be coiled at 1500‹ F, a further anneal may be carried out to give a soft and ductile product. The steel band may then be coated by heating to 1350‹ F and dipping into a molten metal bath e.g. aluminium or zinc.
Patent GB-775461-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to resinous coating compositions
IPC: C09D5/08
Filed: 1955-08-09
Abstract: A coating composition is based on the esterification product of (1) the reaction product of (a) a phenol-formaldehyde novolak having from 4 to 10 hydroxyl groups per molecule, with (b) from 0.85 to 1.2 mol. of ethylene oxide for each phenolic nucleus with (2) 0.3 to 0.7 mol., per alcoholic hydroxyl in said reaction product, of dehydrated castor oil acids or soybean oil acids.  The composition may include up to 50 per cent of a heat-hardening resin, e.g. urea formaldehyde or melamineformaldehyde resin. Driers, e.g. lead and cobalt naphthenates may also be present.  In the examples, (1) a phenol-formaldehyde novolak was reacted with 1.05 times the theoretical amount of ethylene oxide, 52 parts of this polyalcohol being esterified for 2 hours at 240 DEG  C. with 48 parts of dehydrated castor oil acids; 53 lb. of a 70 per cent solution of this ester in mineral spirits was mixed with 73 lb. rutile and 1.46 lb. lamp black and diluted with a solution of melamine-formaldehyde resin in a xylene-butanol mixture. Example (2) is identical but with the addition of cobalt and lead naphthenates as driers.  The product resultant compositions were suitable for use as coatings.  Specification 775,460 is referred to.