Patent GB-1031412-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for utilizing heat, derived from garbage or refuse incinerators
IPC: F02C1/10
Filed: 1963-01-31
Abstract: 1,031,412. Gas turbine plant; steam turbine and gas turbine power plants. GUTEHOFFNUNGSHUTTE STERKRADE A.G. Jan. 31, 1963 [Feb. 24, 1962], No. 3935/63. Headings F1G and F1Q. The invention relates to a method of converting heat derived from the combustion of garbage or other refuge into utilisable energy which comprises utilising the heat in a gas turbine plant either to heat indirectly the working fluid between compression and expansion stages thereof, the working fluid being subsequently further heated by the heat generated in a combustion chamber, or alternatively, by means of a transformation process as defined below, to cool the working fluid upstream of the compression stage. By a "transformation process" is meant a process such for example as an absorption refrigerating process in which heat is used to provide the energy necessary to effect cooling of a fluid. In a first embodiment Fig. 1 air delivered by the compressor of a gas turbine plant is preheated in a duct 6 disposed within an incinerator 5 for the burning of waste material, the preheated air then passing to combustion equipment 4, the combustion gases from which pass to the turbine 2. In further embodiments a second heat exchanger is provided wherein exhaust gases from the turbine are utilised to preheat air from the compressor, the air flow paths through the incinerator and the exhaust gas heated air preheater being connected either in parallel or in series. The closed cycle plant shown in Fig. 4 comprises low and high pressure compressors 12, 13 with inter-stage cooling 19, air from the compressor 13 being preheated at 22 by turbine exhaust, further preheated at 21 by the heat produced in the incinerator 20, and again further heated in the air heater 15. The heated air passes into the turbine 14 which drives the compressors 12, 13, also an electric generator 16, the turbine exhaust air passing through the preheater 22, then through a precooler 18 before again passing into the compressor 12. In a similar embodiment Fig. 5 (not shown), the air is preheated by the heat in the incinerator by means of a secondary fluid. In the closed cycle plant shown in Fig. 6 the heat generated in the incinerator 39 is utilized as the heat source of the absorption type refrigeration plant 35. The plant comprises a low pressure and a high pressure compressor 26, 27 with an intercooler 34 therebetween. Air from the compressor 27 is preheated at 30 by the turbine exhaust and is then heated in an air heater 29 before passing to the turbine 28. The turbine exhaust passes through the air preheater 30 and then through the precooler 33 before again entering the compressor 26. The incinerator 39 is utilised to generate steam which passes through a steam turbine 41 which drives an electric generator 42, the steam then passing to the absorption type refrigerating plant 35 and finally returning to the steam generator 40. A by-pass 44 is provided across the turbine 41. The brine from the refrigerator 35 flows through lines 37, 37<SP>1</SP> to effect cooling of the air in the precooler 33 and the inter-stage cooler 34. Heating water from the refrigerator 35 also passes through the lines 36, 36<SP>1</SP> to cooling coils in the precooler and intercooler. Cooling water coils 38 are also provided in the precooler and intercooler. In a further embodiment similar to Fig. 6, the steam from the turbine 41 instead of passing into the absorption plant 35 passes to a condenser which is cooled by the water flowing in the line 36<SP>1</SP> (Fig. 6) back to the absorption plant, the water which is thus heated being utilised as the source of heat in the absorption plant. The heat in the heating water can also be utilised in a heating system.