Patent RU-2414041-C1 (RU)
Title: Belashov multi-purpose thermoelectric machine
Inventor: BELASHOV ALEKSEJ NIKOLAEVICH
IPC: H01L35/02
Filed: 2009-07-08
Granted: 2011-03-10
Abstract: FIELD: electricity. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention refers to peculiar features of design of multi-purpose thermoelectric machine intended for being used in power engineering, industry and national economy as static or dynamic thermoelectric DC generator which converts the heat of operating nuclear reactors, power units, internal combustion engines, solar power sources, thermal water sources, furnaces, gas burners and other engineering facilities to electric power, as well as electric DC machines operating from thermal electricity source, which is obtained from temperature drop, rotation devices of magnetic systems, rotating tuyeres for combustion plants of domestic and other organic wastes with coal, power drives of transport vehicles, lifting mechanisms, conveyors, automatic control and regulation systems of mechanical devices, and measuring and reference devices. The proposed multi-purpose thermoelectric machine includes many thermal elements having two branches one of which is of p type, and the second one is of n type of upper tier, or multiple conductors having two branches of heterogeneous conductors made in the form of thermocouples of lower tier, which, without changing the current movement direction in conductors, pass through many closed magnetic systems without any switching devices. Multi-purpose thermoelectric machine also containing housing, stator with magnetic excitation system made in the form of one solid magnet having magnetic conductor, magnet of northern pole arranged on orbit of upper tier and magnet of southern pole arranged on orbit of lower tier, which are located through uniform or non-uniform gaps to interact through air gap with multiple batteries of the above semi-conductor thermoelements having two branches one of which is of p type, and the other one is of n type, or multiple batteries of thermocouples having two branches of heterogeneous conductors made in the form of separate modules assembled in units and installed in thermal insulating and screening device on magnetic conductors of upper and lower tier. Multi-purpose thermoelectric machine includes multiple batteries of semi-conductor thermal elements and thermocouples, which are located between heater station and cooler station and installed around magnetic conductors of stator, which are mounted on dielectric base of orbits of upper and lower tier. Magnetic conductors of upper base are connected at the specified angle to magnetic conductors of lower base and interact through air gaps with rotor excitation system. Multiple batteries of semi-conductor thermal elements and thermocouples of upper and lower tier are protected against heater station with protection casing, ceramic insert and heat insulating device, and heater station itself at connection points of conductors of hot junction, which consist of heterogeneous materials or semiconductor thermal elements, is located on outer side of the housing for interaction with external source of heat radiation or inside rotor for interaction with inner source of heat radiation. Cooler station is located inside the machine, at connection points of conductors of cold junction, which consist of heterogeneous materials or semiconductor thermal elements which interact with cooling device installed inside magnetic system of rotor excitation and made in the form of cooling unit of absorption-diffusion type. At rotation of machine, which is caused by DC signal in multiple batteries of semiconductor thermal elements and multiple batteries of thermocouples arranged on orbit of upper tier, resultant force shall be clockwise directed, and in multiple batteries of semiconductor thermal elements and multiple batteries of thermocouples arranged on orbit of lower tier the resultant force shall be counter-clockwise directed. At that, depending on the purpose of multi-purpose thermoelectric machine the magnetic excitation system, multiple batteries of semiconductor thermal elements and multiple batteries of thermocouples can be installed on the shaft or on the housing. When external source of solar or heat radiation is used, which is located in environment, multiple batteries of semiconductor thermal elements and multiple batteries of thermocouples can be located on outer side of housing, and when internal source of heat radiation is used, multiple batteries of thermocouples of upper tier and multiple batteries of thermocouples of lower tier can be located inside rotor; at that, rotation through rolling or sliding elements can be performed both of the shaft itself, and its housing. 
     EFFECT: improving reliability. 
     3 cl, 5 dwg