Patent GB-916792-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transmission system for colour television
IPC: H04N11/14
Filed: 1959-04-28
Abstract: 916,792. Colour television. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. April 28, 1959 [May 1, 1958], No. 14468/59. Drawings to Specification. Class 40 (3).  The invention relates to a transmission system for colour television (e.g. an N.T.S.C. type) in which the transmitted signal consists of a first component relating substantially to the brightness of a scene and at least a second component comprising an auxiliary carrier modulated in accordance with the colour of the scene and having a frequency band coinciding with part of the first component. In such a system, due to the use of gamma correction to allow for non-linearity of the image-reproducing device, transitions between colours of equal brightness and particularly saturated colours are accompanied by brightness changes. The effect which occupies a period determined by the bandwidth of the filters in the channel for the second component corresponds to the lower frequencies of the brightness component. Furthermore, in receivers for use in such a system, it is customary to provide a filter in the brightness channel to eliminate the modulated auxiliary carrier. The band-pass characteristic of the filter is necessarily restricted with the result that only the actual carrier is wholly suppressed whilst the side-bands are suppressed only for a small part. The non-linearity of the image-reproducing device exerts a rectifying effect on the remaining side-bands with the result that a further undesired brightness change is introduced at colour transitions. The first undesired brightness change is symmetrically placed with the respect to the transition area, and, depending on the actual change, may comprise both an increase and a decrease, whilst the second undesired brightness change is asymmetrically placed and comprises only a decrease. In accordance with the invention, the two changes are brought into time coincidence, so as to bring about a substantial cancellation, by arranging that in the signal which reproduces the brightness at the receiver at least the lower frequencies of the first component which do not fall within the frequency range occupied by the second component are delayed with respect to the second component. The invention may be carried out at the transmitter by simply introducing a delay (in practice about 0.2 microseconds where the second component bandwidth is 1 Mc/s.) in the whole band of the luminance signal with respect to the modulated auxiliary carrier. Alternatively the operation may be carried out on the receiver. In one embodiment, Fig. 11 (not shown), the intermediate frequency amplifier or video amplifier for the brightness channel is designed so that the group transit time is greater for lower frequencies. In another embodiment, Fig. 10 (not shown), the brightness signal is separated by filters into the low frequencies and the range occupied by the second component and the two signals recombined after first delaying the low frequencies. In colour television receivers, the signals experience a greater delay in the colour channel than the brightness channel and a delay is included in the brightness channel to equalize the signals before they are applied to the imagereproducing device. In practicing the invention it is necessary to reduce this delay by the amount of the delay introduced to eliminate the undesired brightness changes.