Patent GB-1326888-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic control system
IPC: F16H61/02
Filed: 1971-05-10
Abstract: 1326888 Change-speed gear TOYOGA JIDOSHA KOGYO KK 10 May 1971 [9 May 1970] 14110/71 Heading F2D Servos 26, 27 of hydraulically engaged friction clutches 24, 25, establishing second and third ratios in a three-speed and reverse automatic countershaft transmission on a motor vehicle, are controlled by a speed and throttle responsive 2-3 shift valve 75, together with a 2-3 timing valve 85, which later, during 2-3 upshift, begins to be moved from its rightward position shown, towards a leftward position, in which it exhausts the second ratio clutch servo 26 at 113, by engaging pressure 110 acting at 86 and supplied to the third ratio clutch servo 27, through the 2-3 shift-valve 75, when that pressure 110 reaches a first predetermined value, the said leftward movement being opposed when, at a second and higher predetermined pressure, third ratio pressure 110 shifts the piston of an accumulator 90 to supply third ratio pressure 110 through a line 112 to act on the smaller diameter left end of the timing valve 85. Both these predetermined pressure values are below the maximum pressure available to the third ratio line 110. Throttle pressure 102 (see below) also opposes leftward movement of the timing valve 85, which thus produces a torque-overlap on upshift which increases with engine torque. In addition the 2-3 timing valve 85 is similarly effective on 3-2 downshift, when it resumes its rightward position shown before third ratio pressure 110 has fallen to said first predetermined value. Gear arrangement.-A countershaft cluster 4 is driven through a torque-converter 2 and main friction clutch 6, which latter is engaged for all ratios, forward and reverse. Friction clutches 24, 25 clutch wheels 17, 18 to a final output shaft 5 for second and third ratios, whilst a splined wheel 22 is slid rightwards to mesh a wheel 11 through an idler for reverse, or leftwards to clutch a one-way clutch 23 on a wheel 16 for one-way first ratio. Fluid pressure supply and regulation.- Pressure 100 from a single input-driven pump 41 spills to exhaust 53 in a main regulator valve 50 supplying a pressure main 101. Rightward loading, for pressure increase, is provided by a spring 59, and leftward, for decrease, by line pressure 101 and also by servo pressure 113 from the third ratio clutch servo 27, to reduce system pressure in third ratio. In addition a throttle valve 60, which regulates TV pressure 102, is loaded through a spring 63 through a double spool 62a, 62b, linked at 64 to the usual accelerator pedal, between zero and one quarter throttle opening of which the double spool 62a, 62b exhausts at 69 a rightward loading chamber 52 at the left end of the main regulator valve 50, this exhaust path being blocked after further throttle opening movement, when a spring 67 yeilds, to permit the inner spool 62b to move rightwards in the outer 62a, whereupon both spools move as a unit for normal TV regulation. With the blocking of the exhaust 69, line pressure 100 acts through a restrictor 57 to pressurize the chamber 52 and thus increase regulated pressure to its normal value. The effect of this is that regulated pressure is reduced at zero to quarter throttle opening, to permit easy forward-reverse shift. Fluid circuit.-A manual ranging valve 45 has settings PRNDZL, D providing automatic shift between all three ratios; Z the first two; and L the first only. In P and N line pressure 101 is blocked and all servos released. In all other settings, including R, the servo 8 of the main clutch 6 is pressurized. Starting.-In D setting lines 105, 104 are pressurized to feed 1-2 and 2-3 shift valves 70, 75 respectively. Initially, with both valves downshifted left, the second and third servos 26, 27 are both exhausted and one-way first ratio is effective. 1-2 upshift occurs when governor pressure 103, supplied by an output driven centrifugal valve 95a, overcomes TV pressure 102 to shift the 1-2 shift valve 70 right, to feed, through lines 107, 108, the second-ratio clutch servo 26, at low and high vehicle speeds through a single restrictor 83, and at intermediate speeds also through an additional restrictor 84, introduced by an orifice control valve 80 shifted right by governor pressure 103. 2-3 upshift occurs when, at a higher speed, governor pressure 103 overcomes TV 102, to shift the 2-3 shift-valve 75 right, to supply line pressure 100, 101, 104, 110, to the third clutch servo 27; to the accumulator 90 to cushion clutch engagement; and to the right chamber 86 of the 2-3 timing valve 85, in which latter, pressure 110 opposes a spring 79 and TV pressure 102, 87, to shift the timer spool left to begin exhausting at 113 the second clutch servo 26. When the accumulator 90 nears the end of its stroke it supplies third servo clutch pressure 110 through a line 112 to a small left face of the timing valve 85, thus retarding exhaust from the second servo 26. On 3-2 downshift the initial exhaust from the third ratio servo line 110 exhausts both ends of the timer valve 85 which returns to its rightward position under spring and TV load before pressure in the third ratio servo has fallen to its first said value. Thus TV responsive torque overlap is provided for both up and downshift, the relevant pressure curves being in Figs. 5 and 6 (not shown).