baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent PT-105349-A (PT)
Title: Método de controlo da queda de tensão ou da resistência de interruptores electrónicos
Inventor: PIEDADE MOISES SIMOES
Filed: 2010-10-19
Abstract: A PRESENTE INVENÇÃO CONSISTE EM UM NOVO MÉTODO DE CONTROLO DE INTERRUPTOR E COMANDADOS DIGITALMENTE, BASEADOS EM DISPOSITIVOS ELECTRÓNICOS (TRANSÍSTORES, VÁLVULAS ELECTRÓNICAS, ETC.), E NA UTILIZAÇÃO DA TENSÃO DE DESVIO DE UM AMPLIFICADOR DIFERENCIAL PARA REALIZAR UMA FONTE DE TENSÃO DE REFERÊNCIA FLUTUANTE. O NOVO MÉTODO CONSISTE EM INSERIR O INTERRUPTOR COMANDADO NUMA MALHA DE REALIMENTAÇÃO CONTROLADA PELO SINAL DE COMANDO DIGITAL E POR UM SINAL DE ERRO, QUE AJUSTA CONSTANTEMENTE A TENSÃO DE COMANDO DO DISPOSITIVO ELECTRÓNICO QUE MATERIALIZA O INTERRUPTOR, DE MODO A MANTER A QUEDA DE TENSÃO CONSTANTE. SEM PERDA DE GENERALIDADE APLICA-SE O NOVO MÉTODO A INTERRUPTORES MOS (REALIZADOS COM TRANSISTORES MOS DE CANAL N OU DE CANAL P) OU INTERRUPTORES CMOS (REALIZADOS COM TRANSISTORES MOS DE CANAL N E DE CANAL P).
Patent PT-110815-A (PT)
Title: Dispositivo médico para tensionamento de ligamentos adaptável a diferentes zonas anatómicas.
Inventor: LUÍS FILIPE GALRÃO DOS REIS
IPC: A61F2/08
Filed: 2018-07-02
Abstract: A PRESENTE INVENÇÃO REFERE-SE A UM DISPOSITIVO MÉDICO PARA TENSIONAMENTO DE ENXERTOSEM CIRURGIAS ORTOPÉDICAS DE RECONSTRUÇÃO DE LIGAMENTOS.O DISPOSITIVO COMPREENDEDOIS SUBCONJUNTOS: O SUBCONJUNTO APLICADOR DE FORÇA E O SUBCONJUNTO ADAPTADOR. OPRIMEIRO SUBCONJUNTO COMPREENDE DOIS BRAÇOS LATERAIS IDÊNTICOS E SIMÉTRICOS E UTILIZA UM SISTEMA DE MOLAS COM TRAVÃO PARA QUANTIFICAR O MÓDULO DA FORÇA DE TRAÇÃO. CADA BRAÇOLATERAL COMPREENDE UMA CREMALHEIRA (9) SOLIDÁRIA COM UMA MOLA HELICOIDAL DE COMPRESSÃO (4), UM EIXO DE GUIAMENTO (1), UMA PEÇA DE FIXAÇÃO DOS FIOS DE SUTURA (8) E UMA CALHA (10) EXTERIOR NA QUAL DESLIZA A CREMALHEIRA (9). O TRAVÃO, PARA MANTER A FORÇA APLICADA, UTILIZA A PATILHA DE TRAVÃO (12), UMA CAVILHA ELÁSTICA (13) E UMA CALHA (10). O SUBCONJUNTO ADAPTADOR DE ESTRUTURA EM ¿U¿ COMPREENDE UM CONE DE ALINHAMENTO (17) QUE ENCAIXA NO TÚNEL DE ALOJAMENTO DO ENXERTO PERMITINDO CONTROLAR A DIREÇÃO DA FORÇA DE TRAÇÃO, E UM SISTEMA DE FIXAÇÃO COMPOSTO POR UM ADAPTADOR (16), POR CAVILHAS E ESPIGÕES (19) PARA SE ADAPTAR À REGIÃO ANATÓMICA E PROMOVER UMA FIXAÇÃO ESTÁVEL.
Patent RU-94014747-A (RU)
Inventor: DUBROVIN E R
IPC: F23K5/02
Filed: 1994-04-18
Abstract: FIELD: steam and hot-water boilers. SUBSTANCE: fuel oil delivery pipe line is provided with shut-off member separating the fuel oil reservoir, fuel oil feed pumps, pipe lines, preheaters, filters, etc. from pipe line feeding the fuel oil to fuel oil burners of boilers; attachment system containing water pump, ejector, return pipe line, contaminated water accumulating tank, mechanical stirrer, preheater and shut-off members is brought in communication with fuel oil delivery pipe line. EFFECT: ecological safety of complex due to extension of functional capabilities of boiler plants in burning natural gas through recovery and fire decontamination of contaminated water in boiler furnace; reduction of thermal and gaseous contamination of atmosphere; reduction of amount of atmospheric air required for combustion process. 5 cl
Patent RU-94020745-A (RU)
Inventor: TEDER L O
IPC: B60R22/30
Filed: 1994-06-09
Abstract: FIELD: safety belts. SUBSTANCE: the vehicle safety belt has two interlocked parts, detachable and receiving ones; the detachable part is made as a lug with an eye for the strap and an opening on the inserted end; the receiving part uses a U-shaped holder, enclosed in a protective casing, connected to a tie-rod for attachment of the lock in the vehicle body; a U-shaped latch with tooth 11 for engagement with the lug opening and opening provided in the holder base; a spring- loaded member for locking the latch in the closed position, and pusher 26 of lug 13, as well as unlocking button 38, an additional stop for engagement with the front part of the latch at extreme loads on the lock is made in the front part of the holder, and the end sections of the latch side members are made in the form of lugs 5 and 6, symmetrically bent through an angle of 50 to 80 deg. and freely mounted in slots 7 made in side walls 8 and 9 of the holder tail section; the additional stop is made in the form of two front sections of the holder side walls symmetrically bent at a right angle. The bendings of both front bent sections of the holder have an internal radius equal to the holder wall thickness, and symmetrical longitudinal bosses are formed on the inner surfaces of the above sections for engagement with the inserted lug end to limit its degree of freedom in height at the inlet to the slot formed between the additional stop and holder base. The above longitudinal bosses have mainly a trapeziform or semicircular cross-section, and at their beginning and end they have a smooth descent on the inner surface of the bent sections. They are made by extrusion of material from bent sections 23 and 24. The angles of bending of the side walls relative to the holder base are made with semicircular grooves sunk relative to the base plane, and the passage, restricted by the holder side walls and base, as well as by the longitudinal bosses on the front bent sections of the holder, equals the cross-section of the inserted lug end, including the necessary clearances. EFFECT: enhanced safety. 6 cl, 5 dwg
Patent RU-94026063-A (RU)
Inventor: TSESARENKO P M
IPC: B60C25/05
Filed: 1994-07-15
Abstract: FIELD: aviation; replacement of landing gear tyres. SUBSTANCE: proposed device provides replacement of tyres without demounting of wheels. Device has carrier truck with horizontally installed hydraulic cylinder connected by pipelines 3 with hand pump. Stops 6 are mounted on rod of hydraulic cylinder. Stops are secured on cross 5 to move along radius of wheel. Grips 8 are fastened by means of hinge joints on carrier truck. Stops 9 are installed on ends of grips on ball supports. EFFECT: reduced labour input and time taken replacement of different size tyres.
Patent RU-94031134-A (RU)
Inventor: BELKIN L P
IPC: H04N13/00
Filed: 1994-08-10
Abstract: FIELD: TV devices, computer engineering. SUBSTANCE: method involves fast alternation of two images which provide stereo pairs for left and right eyes. Method uses inertia of vision for perception of dynamic images. Two images of stereo pair are separated by switching device which is designed as spectacles. Frequency of alternation of visibility of image on screen for left and right eyes is synchronized with appearance of corresponding images on screen. Device provides possibility to designed stereo TV devices using existing hardware. Production of stereo image of computer screen helps in computer aided design due to possibility of three- dimensional presentation of constructive members. Invention also provides possibility to design stereo computer games. EFFECT: increased functional capabilities.
Patent RU-94031559-A (RU)
Inventor: KOVALEV A A
IPC: C02F11/04
Filed: 1994-08-24
Abstract: FIELD: agriculture, particular, treatment of stock farm sewage waters and preparation of fertilizers from solid fraction. SUBSTANCE: liquid sewage delivered to treatment plant from farms and complexes of the district is fermented and heated fermented liquid fraction is several times passed through biofilter tank up to attaining 5-day biochemical oxygen demand of 5-10 mg/l, settled and discharged into water reservoir, and sediment is partially used for saturation of aerobic microflora of liquid fraction after methane fermentation, and then, the whole sediment is dried off. EFFECT: provision of processing of sewage of animal farms and complexes distributed on large areas at large interdistrict treatment installations up to the norms allowing their discharge into water reservoirs; utilization of the main mass of solid manure after anaerobic processing on the fields of neighboring farms; treatment of all sewage of a district without impairing the ecology in similar manner as in treatment installations in large cities.
Patent RU-94037555-A (RU)
Inventor: BERGE KHOL M KRISTENSEN
IPC: A23L33/00
Filed: 1993-01-20
Abstract: FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oral composition for prevention and treatment of anemia. Composition has highly bioavailable iron and amino acid component. Composition can be used for sucklings at amount sufficient for retention of animal blood normal composition. Composition consists of internal core coated with continuous layer with amino acid component. Composition is prepared by spraying-drying method. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of composition.
Patent RU-94042022-A (RU)
Inventor: SARATIKOV A S
IPC: A61K31/19
Filed: 1994-11-22
Abstract: FIELD: clinical pharmacology. SUBSTANCE: the known substance ammonium succinate is proposed as agent for correction of blood supply and brain metabolism. Ammonium succinate provides increase of brain blood supply, antihypoxic and antiacidotic actions and normalizes succinate-dependent energy production by brain mitochondrions. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of patient treatment.
Patent RU-94043747-A (RU)
Inventor: NAGAJTSEV V F
IPC: F16C31/04
Filed: 1994-12-09
Abstract: FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: spherical support may be used in metalwork and for hauling various cargoes and articles at different speeds. Provision is made for lubricating the support with proper lubricants to ensure turn of spherical member. Support may be used for hauling heavy articles indoors. Support may be also used in secret storages. EFFECT: enhanced reliability.
Patent RU-94045850-A (RU)
Inventor: KARL KHAJNTS KIS
IPC: B65B3/06
Filed: 1993-11-08
Abstract: FIELD: sand-blast cleaning of flat surfaces of dust. SUBSTANCE: device has tubular housing 1 with swivel injector head 3 which is made for connection to blast hose 2. Injector head 3 is closed by end plate 4 provided with inclined holes 7 in such way that injector head 3 turns under action of discharge of sand-blast material. For better adaptability for different requirements for cleaning, each hole 7 is provided with turnable blast tube 9 and mounted for turn in end plate 4 by means of articulated coupling 10. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.
Patent RU-95101986-A (RU)
Inventor: DUBININ B N
IPC: A01G15/00
Filed: 1995-02-09
Abstract: FIELD: meteorology. SUBSTANCE: aerial hail-protection practice. Method involves evaluating parameters of charge-and-hail cloud; detecting atmospheric instability zone, increased radio reflectivity zone, upward flow zones and injecting artificial ice-forming aerosols into these zones. Aircraft is raised 1-2 km above upper boundary of cloud and piloted in the direction coinciding with that of moving cloud. Altitude and coordinates of lower point of increased radio reflectivity zone are determined by radar and active means are started in timed advance calculated by formula: τ (predeter.) = Qo + (2.715 + 0.322 C) (Yo - Yk), where Qo is aircraft initial speed effective coefficient; C is active means ballistic coefficient; Yo is drop altitude, km; Yk is altitude of lower point of increased radio reflectivity. EFFECT: increased efficiency by concentrated action upon charge-and-hail clouds and reliable protection of operators and aircraft.
Patent RU-95102670-A (RU)
Inventor: DOMINIK VIL O
IPC: A23L5/41
Filed: 1995-02-16
Abstract: FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: ferrous salt is added in preserved medium; in this case ferrous salt is incapsulated in edible thermostable capsule penetrable for oxygen. EFFECT: higher efficiency.
Patent RU-95102901-A (RU)
Inventor: MJASOEDOV N F
IPC: C07B59/00
Filed: 1995-03-02
Abstract: FIELD: organic chemistry; research in biology and medicine. SUBSTANCE: to produce tritium-labelled aliphatic a-halide acids, isotope exchange reaction is carried out between hydrogen atoms of organic substance and tritium. As organic substance, use is made of corresponding a-amino acids. In tritium-labelled a-amino acids thus-produced, amino moiety is substituted with chlorine to produce corresponding tritium-labelled a-chloro acids. Optionally, chlorine in tritium-labelled a-chloro acids thus-obtained is substituted with other halogens to thereby obtain corresponding tritium-labelled a-bromo- or a-iodo acids. Tritium-labelled a-amino acids can be produced by conducting solid-phase isotope exchange reaction between hydrogen atoms of corresponding a-amino acids and gaseous tritium in presence of catalyst 10% Pd/C or 5% PdBaSOfor 15-25 min at temperature of 140-160 C or 160-180 C, respectively, said catalyst and reactants are used in weight ratio (4.5-5.5): 1 ng/mg. Alternatively, substitution of amino moiety with chlorine can be carried out by subjecting amino moiety of corresponding tritium-labelled α-amino acid to diazotization in presence of hydrochloric acid in weight ratio of a-amino acid : sodium nitrite :hydrochloric acid equal to (2.3-2.6): 320: (1750-1850) mcmole/mcmole/mcmole. Substitution of chlorine in tritium-labelled a-chloro acid with other halogens is effected by heating corresponding tritium-labelled a-chloro acid with corresponding sodium halide for 25-35 min at 70-80 C in acetone, weight ratio of a-chloro acid : sodium halide : acetone, is equal to (2.0-2.5):(30-35):500 mcmole/mcmole/mcliter. EFFECT: higher efficiency.
Patent RU-95103281-A (RU)
Inventor: SHAMOV A A
IPC: C12G3/06
Filed: 1995-03-07
Abstract: FIELD: liqueur and vodka industry. SUBSTANCE: vodka has components at the following their ratio, l/1000 dal ready vodka: calcium chloride solution 0.09-0.15; 65.8%-th sugar syrup 17.0-17.5; glycerol 0.5-0.7, and an aqueous-spirituous liquid - the rest. EFFECT: enhanced quality of vodka.
Patent RU-95105752-A (RU)
Inventor: PETROV V V
IPC: G02F1/33
Filed: 1995-04-12
Abstract: FIELD: SHF acoustooptics. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for development of acousto-optical devices processing radio signals. Multielement converter of volumetric acoustic waves for acousto-optical devices has sequence of piezoelements formed by piezolayer confined between overlapping sections of upper and lower electrodes attached by means of lower electrode to acoustic line. Upper electrodes present sequence of strips, meander or comb. Lower electrode is fabricated in the form of half-plane. Piezolayer has changeable thickness along sequence of piezoelements. Start of each preceding of sequence is located at distance increasing in direction of growth of thickness of piezolayer relative to start of next piezoelement. Length of strips, pins of meander or comb grows from pin to pin in direction of growth of thickness of piezolayer. Distance between start of one piezoelement and start of adjacent one as well as length of corresponding strip, pin of meander or comb is determined by frequency which is resonance one for this piezoelement. Besides, this distance l between start of one piezoelement and start of adjacent one is determined by formula given in description of the invention. Length of strip of one piezoelement may be chosen equal to Λ/4, and length of pins of meander and comb of the same piezoelement equal to Λ/2, where Λ - length of electromagnetic wave in upper electrode on frequency which is resonance one for this piezoelement. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of acousto-optical interaction when splitting band of working frequencies.
Patent RU-95106275-A (RU)
Inventor: SHVINDT N N
IPC: G01J3/18
Filed: 1995-04-20
Abstract: FIELD: spectrophotometry, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, ecology and various branches of industry. SUBSTANCE: spectrophotometer uses light from several source overlapping summarily wide spectral range (for instance, from deuterium lamp or filament lamp). Summary light flux passing dish with examined object hits polychromator allowing transmission (absorption) of light by object to be registered with the use of several matrix photodetectors in some orders of diffraction overlapping spectrally but not spatially. Diffraction grating of polychromator is manufactured so that enable required distribution of concentration of energy to be generated by used orders of diffraction. Given spectrophotometer makes it possible to register with the use of two matrix photodetectors spectral region 200-900 nm for 0.05 s by their parallel interrogation and present obtained spectrum on display of PC. EFFECT: expanded application field, improved functional reliability and stability.
Patent RU-95108136-A (RU)
Inventor: AKCHURIN A G
IPC: G01G11/12
Filed: 1995-05-23
Abstract: FIELD: measurement technology. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in weight measuring devices of continuous motion. Meter of loose materials includes filling hopper 2, rotor conveyer 1 with drive 3, converter 8 of rotational speed of rotor conveyer which output is connected to one of inputs of unit 10 counting productivity which output is connected to input of recorder 11, converters of material mass 5 and 6 which are strain gauge transducers built into blades of rotor conveyer and connected to signal converters which outputs are connected to adder 9 which output is linked to recorder 11. EFFECT: increased accuracy of metering by measurement of pressure on blade of rotor directly at moments of start and end of unloading zone, improved precision of calculation of productivity. 1 dwg
Patent RU-95109231-A (RU)
Inventor: NIKOLAEVA T V
IPC: C08F220/14
Filed: 1995-06-20
Abstract: FIELD: chemistry of polymers, more particularly film forming agents in paint industry, treatment of leathers, textile, paper and wood, and manufacture of adhesive compositions for various purposes. SUBSTANCE: claimed process is carried out by water emulsion polymerization of preemulsified (meth)acrylic monomers or mixtures thereof with vinyl monomers in the presence of radical polymerization initiator. Emulsion contains monomers to water phases of 1:0.1-0.7 at preemulsifying stage, and emulsifier is anionic compound of general structure 1: R-O(CHCHO)-XOMe wherein X is S and P; Me is Na, K, NH; R is alkyl and n is 1- 13; R is alkylphenol or dialkylphenol and n is 6-30 or mixture thereof with non-ionic compound of general formula II: R-O(CHCHO)H wherein R is alkylphenol or dialkylphenol and n is 6-100. The resulting dispersions of (Co)polymers contain 0.005-0.01% residual monomers. This makes it possible to handle safely dispersions and compositions based thereof. Besides, dispersions are resistant to mechanical effects and to effects of electrolytes. EFFECT: reduced content of residual monomers in aqueous dispersions of (Co)polymers and higher stability of dispersions.
Patent RU-95110476-A (RU)
Inventor: VAGIN V V
IPC: A23B4/20
Filed: 1995-06-22
Abstract: FIELD: meat industry. SUBSTANCE: sausage casings are treated with water solution of sodium sorbate in two stages. At first stage, casings are soaked, sprayed or dipped into solution, while repeated treatment is carried out after 7-8 days. 8-% solution of sodium sorbate is used for soaking, while 10-% solution, used for spraying or dipping the sausage loafs. Casings are soaked for 15-25 min at temperature not lower 20 C, while their dipping is carried out for 2-30 s, and spraying, for 1 h at temperature not lower 10 C. Solution is prepared by mixing in water sorbic acid and sodium bicarbonate at temperature of water not lower 60 C. EFFECT: higher efficiency.
Patent RU-95111603-A (RU)
Inventor: SAPRONOV A G
IPC: A01C7/00
Filed: 1995-07-06
Abstract: FIELD: agricultural engineering; hill seeding at precision distance between seeds. SUBSTANCE: row crop mounted drill has seeding drill units connected to main beam of frame and consisting of replaceable hopper with drilling mechanism and drill control corrector common for all drilling units. Drill control corrector is made in form of step mechanism built into carrier-bull wheel of drill consisting of four hollow guides rigidly coupled with rim of carrier-bull wheel with extensible rods fitted in spaces. Rods are mechanically coupled with rack-and-gear train on ends of which grousers are hinge-mounted. EFFECT: increased accuracy of bed forming.
Patent SA-01220055-A (SA)
Inventor: LI JIANCHAO
IPC: G01V1/42
Filed: 2001-04-17
Abstract: هى طريقة متوفرة لمعالجة البيانات الزلزالية المجسمة. البيانات الزلزالية تكون جزئيا على الأقل نتيجة لإستقبال الموجة الزلزالية بجهاز الإستقبال الزلزالى. جزء على الأقل من الموجة الزلزالية يتم توليده بواسطة مصدر زلزالى. يكون كلا المصدر وجهاز الاستقبال ذو زيحانا أفقيا وزيحانا رأسيا. تتضمن الطريقة وضع جزء على الأقل من البيانات الزلزالية فى صناديق نقطة إنعكاس مشتركة. تتضمن الطريقة تصنيفا للبيانات الزلزالية داخل الصندوق لتوليد تجميعات نقطة إنعكاس مشتركة. تتضمن الطريقة أيضا سرعة تحليل، وتطبيق تصحيحات إستاتية متماسكة سطحيا على جزء على الأقل من البيانات الزلزالية داخل تجميعات نقطة الإنعكاس المشتركة المذكورة سابقا. تتضمن الطريقة ايضا تطبيق معادلة إخلاء عادى لا زائدية المقطع على جزء على الأقل من البيانات الزلزالية المذكورة سابقا، ورص جزء على الأقل من البيانات الزلزالية المذكورة سابقا داخل تجميعات نقطة الإنعكاس المشتركة المذكورة سابقا. شكل رقم ( ١ ) .
Patent SA-97170757-A (SA)
Inventor: DENIS ALEXIS
IPC: A61K31/70
Filed: 1997-03-29
Abstract: يتعلق هذا الاختراع بمركبات بالصيغة العامة (١)حيث :R1 و R2 متطابقان او مختلفان وميثل كل منهما ذرة هيدروجين او شق هيدروكربون به مالا يتجاوز 24 ذرة كربون مشبعا او غير مشبعا ويجوز حسب الرغبة ان تقطعة ذرة مغايرة واحدة او اكثر ويجوز ان يحمل مجموعة وظيفية واحدة او اكثر، او يؤلف R1 و R2 مع ذرة النيتروجين التي يتحدان بها شق حلقي مخلط يجوز ان يحتوي ذرة واحدة او اكثر تختار من النيتروجين والاكسجين والكبريت.او يؤلف R1 و R2 معا شق بالصيغة التالية :حيث R1 و R2 متطابقان او مختلفان ويشل كل منهما ذرة هيدروجين او شق هيدروكربون به ما لايتجاوز ٢٣ ذرة كربون مشبعا او غير مشبعا ويجوز حسب الرغبة ان تقطعة ذرة مغايرة واحدة او اكثر ويجوز ان يحمل مجموعة وظيفية واحدة او اكثر، ويشمل Z ذرة هيدروجين او بقية حمض كربوكسيلي به ما لايتجاوز 18 ذرة كربون واملاح مركبات الصيغة (١) بالاضافة مع احماض ولمركبات الصيغة (١) خواص مضادات حيوية مفيدة.
Patent TW-200302823-A (TW)
Title: 4'-(6-membered)-heteroaryl acyl pyrrolidine derivatives as HCV inhibitors
Inventor: BRAVI GIANPAOLO
IPC: A61P31/14
Filed: 2002-10-31
Abstract: Novel anti-viral agents of formula, wherein: A represents OR1, NR1R2, or R1 wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, or heteroarylalkyl; or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 5 or 6 membered saturated cyclic group ; B represents C(O)R3 wherein R3 is C1-6alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl, or heteroarylalkyl; C represents C1-6alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl; D represents a saturated or unsaturated optionally substituted 5-membered heterocyclic ring; E represents hydrogen or C1-6alkyl; and F represents hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, aryl or heteroary; and G represents hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, arylalkyl or heteroarylalkyl; and salts and solvates thereof, processes for their preparation and methods of using them in HCV treatment are provided.
Patent TW-200300447-A (TW)
Title: Liquid crystal aligning agent for vertical alignment, alignment layer for liquid crystal, and liquid crystal displays made by using the same
Inventor: ENPO HIDEYUKI
IPC: C08G73/10
Filed: 2002-11-14
Abstract: A liquid crystal aligning agent for vertical alignment to be used in a liquid crystal display which bears an electrode on at least one of the pair of substrates and is driven by applying a voltage to a vertically aligned liquid crystal, containing a polyamic acid which is represented by the general formula (I) and exhibits a reduced viscosity of 0.05 to 5.0 dl/g (in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at 30DEG C at a concentration of 0.5g/dl) or a polyimide obtained by cyclodehydration thereof: (I) in which R1 represents a tetravalent organic group, at least 20 mole % of which has a fused alicyclic structure composed of two to five rings, with the provisos that all of the carbonyl groups are directly bonded to the alicyclic structure and that any two carbonyl groups are not bonded to adjacent carbon atoms of the alicyclic structure; R2 is a divalent organic group, 20 to 100 mole % of which has in the side-chain structure at least one kind of structural units selected from the group consisting of C5-20 long-chain alkyl, C5-20 fluoroalkyl, alicyclic structures and aromatic ring structures; and L is a positive integer.