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25001475 | methods | Primary outcome was @-day mortality . | 4 |
25001475 | methods | Secondary outcomes were intensive care unit ( ICU ) and @-day mortality , severity of circulatory shock assessed by mean arterial pressure , serum lactate , fluid balance and the extended Sequential Organ Failure assessment ( SOFA ) score . | 5 |
25001475 | results | There was no significance difference between targeted temperature management at @ C or @ C on @-day mortality -LSB- log-rank test , p = @ , hazard ratio @ , @ % confidence interval ( CI ) @-@ @ -RSB- or ICU mortality ( @ vs. @ % , p = @ ; relative risk @ , @ % CI @-@ @ ) . | 6 |
25001475 | results | Serum lactate and the extended cardiovascular SOFA score were higher in the TTM@ group ( p < @ ) . | 7 |
25001475 | conclusions | We found no benefit in survival or severity of circulatory shock with targeted temperature management at @ C as compared to @ C in patients with shock on admission after OHCA . | 8 |
25406902 | background | Youths with a family history of alcohol and other drug use disorders ( FH + ) are at a greater risk of developing substance use disorders than their peers with no such family histories ( FH - ) , and this increased risk may be related to impaired maturation of forebrain circuitry . | 0 |
25406902 | background | FH + individuals have shown altered forebrain activity at rest and while performing cognitive tasks . | 1 |
25406902 | background | However , it is not fully understood how forebrain activity is altered in FH + individuals , and ultimately how these alterations may contribute to substance use disorder risk . | 2 |
25406902 | methods | In this study , we tested @ FH + and @ FH - youths performing a go/no-go task and examined activations in blocks with only go trials ( Go Only ) , blocks with @ % go and @ % no-go trials ( Go/NoGo ) , and a contrast of those @ blocks . | 3 |
25406902 | results | FH + youths had significantly greater cerebral activations in both the Go and Go/NoGo blocks than FH - youths in regions including the posterior cingulate/precuneus , bilateral middle/superior temporal gyrus , and medial superior frontal gyrus with no significant group differences in the subtraction between Go Only and Go/NoGo blocks . | 4 |
25406902 | results | Additionally , FH + youths had moderately slower reaction times on go trials in the Go Only blocks . | 5 |
25406902 | conclusions | Our findings suggest that global activation increase in FH + youths are modulated by FH density and are not specific to the inhibitory components of the task . | 6 |
25406902 | conclusions | This pattern of increased activations in FH + youths may be at least partially due to impaired forebrain white matter development leading to greater activations/less efficient neural communication during task performance . | 7 |
25471989 | background | Risk factors have been proposed for running injuries including ( a ) reduced muscular strength , ( b ) excessive joint movements and ( c ) excessive joint moments in the frontal and transverse planes . | 0 |
25471989 | background | To date , many running injury prevention programs have focused on a `` top down '' approach to strengthen the hip musculature in the attempt to reduce movements and moments at the hip , knee , and/or ankle joints . | 1 |
25471989 | background | However , running mechanics did not change when hip muscle strength increased . | 2 |
25471989 | background | It could be speculated that emphasis should be placed on increasing the strength of the ankle joint for a `` ground up '' approach . | 3 |
25471989 | background | Strengthening of the large and small muscles crossing the ankle joint is assumed to change the force distribution for these muscles and to increase the use of smaller muscles . | 4 |
25471989 | background | This would be associated with a reduction of joint and insertion forces , which could have a beneficial effect on injury prevention . | 5 |
25471989 | background | However , training of the ankle joint as an injury prevention strategy has not been studied . | 6 |
25471989 | background | Ankle strengthening techniques include isolated strengthening or movement-related strengthening such as functional balance training . | 7 |
25471989 | background | There is little knowledge about the efficacy of such training programs on strength alteration , gait or injury reduction . | 8 |
25471989 | methods | Novice runners will be randomly assigned to one of three groups : an isolated ankle strengthening group ( strength , n = @ ) , a functional balance training group ( balance , n = @ ) or an activity-matched control group ( control , n = @ ) . | 9 |
25471989 | methods | Isokinetic strength will be measured using a Biodex System @ dynamometer . | 10 |
25471989 | methods | Running kinematics and kinetics will be assessed using @D motion analysis and a force platform . | 11 |
25471989 | methods | Postural control will be assessed by quantifying the magnitude and temporal structure of the center of pressure trace during single leg stance on a force platform . | 12 |
25471989 | methods | The change pre - and post-training in isokinetic strength , running mechanics , and postural control variables will be compared following the interventions . | 13 |
25471989 | methods | Injuries rates will be compared between groups over @months . | 14 |
25471989 | conclusions | Avoiding injury will allow individuals to enjoy the benefits of participating in aerobic activities and reduce the healthcare costs associated with running injuries . | 15 |
24694205 | background | Vitamin B@ deficiency causes neurologic and psychiatric disease , especially in older adults . | 0 |
24694205 | background | Subacute combined degeneration is characterized by damage to the posterior and lateral spinal cord affecting the corticospinal tract . | 1 |
24694205 | objective | To test corticospinal tract projections using motor evoked potentials ( MEPs ) by transcranial magnetic stimulation ( TMS ) in asymptomatic older adults with low vitamin B@ ( B@ ) levels . | 2 |
24694205 | methods | Cross-sectional study of @ healthy older adults ( > @ years ) . | 3 |
24694205 | methods | MEPs were recorded in the abductor pollicis brevis and tibialis anterior muscles , at rest and during slight tonic contraction . | 4 |
24694205 | methods | Central motor conduction time ( CMCT ) was derived from the latency of MEPs and peripheral motor conduction time ( PMCT ) . | 5 |
24694205 | methods | Neurophysiological variables were analyzed statistically according to B@ status . | 6 |
24694205 | results | Median age was @ years ( @ % women ) . | 7 |
24694205 | results | Twenty-six out of the @ subjects had low vitamin B@ levels ( B@ < @pmol/l ) . | 8 |
24694205 | results | MEPs were recorded for all subjects in upper and lower extremities . | 9 |
24694205 | results | There were no significant differences in either latency or amplitude of MEPs and CMCT between low and normal B@ groups . | 10 |
24694205 | results | There was a significant PMCT delay in the lower extremities in the low B@ group ( p = @ ) . | 11 |
24694205 | conclusions | No subclinical abnormality of the corticospinal tract is detected in asymptomatic B@-deficient older adults . | 12 |
24694205 | conclusions | The peripheral nervous system appears to be more vulnerable to damage attributable to this vitamin deficit . | 13 |
24694205 | conclusions | The neurophysiological evaluation of asymptomatic older adults with lower B@ levels should be focused mainly in peripheral nervous system evaluation . | 14 |
24576512 | background | Uncontrolled hypertension ( HTN ) is a significant public health problem among blacks in the United States . | 0 |
24576512 | background | Despite the proven efficacy of therapeutic lifestyle change ( TLC ) on blood pressure ( BP ) reduction in clinical trials , few studies have examined their effectiveness in church-based settings-an influential institution for health promotion in black communities . | 1 |
24576512 | methods | Using a cluster-randomized , @-arm trial design , this study evaluates the effectiveness of a faith-based TLC intervention vs health education ( HE ) control on BP reduction among hypertensive black adults . | 2 |
24576512 | methods | The intervention is delivered by trained lay health advisors through group TLC sessions plus motivational interviewing in @ black churches . | 3 |
24576512 | methods | Participants in the intervention group receive @ weekly TLC sessions targeting weight loss , increasing physical activity , fruit , vegetable and low-fat dairy intake , and decreasing fat and sodium intake , plus @ monthly individual motivational interviewing sessions . | 4 |
24576512 | methods | Participants in the control group attend @ weekly classes on HTN and other health topics delivered by health care experts . | 5 |
24576512 | methods | The primary outcome is change in BP from baseline to @ months . | 6 |
24576512 | methods | Secondary outcomes include level of physical activity , percent change in weight , and fruit and vegetable consumption at @ months , and BP control at @ months . | 7 |
24576512 | conclusions | If successful , this trial will provide an alternative and culturally appropriate model for HTN control through evidence-based lifestyle modification delivered in churches by lay health advisors . | 8 |
24807407 | background | The classification of clinical severity of Ebstein anomaly still remains a challenge . | 0 |
24807407 | background | The aim of this study was to focus on the interaction of the pathologically altered right heart with the anatomically-supposedly-normal left heart and to derive from cardiac magnetic resonance ( CMR ) a simple imaging measure for the clinical severity of Ebstein anomaly . | 1 |
24807407 | results | Twenty-five patients at a mean age of @ years with unrepaired Ebstein anomaly were examined in a prospective study . | 2 |
24807407 | results | Disease severity was classified using CMR volumes and functional measurements in comparison with heart failure markers from clinical data , ECG , laboratory and cardiopulmonary exercise testing , and echocardiography . | 3 |
24807407 | results | All examinations were completed within @ hours . | 4 |
24807407 | results | A total right/left-volume index was defined from end-diastolic volume measurements in CMR : total right/left-volume index = ( RA + aRV + fRV ) / ( LA+LV ) . | 5 |
24807407 | results | Mean total right/left-volume index was @ ( normal values : @ ) . | 6 |
24807407 | results | This new total right/left-volume index correlated with almost all clinically used biomarkers of heart failure : brain natriuretic peptide ( r = @ ; P = @ ) , QRS ( r = @ ; P = @ ) , peak oxygen consumption/kg ( r = -@ ; P = @ ) , ventilatory response to carbon dioxide production at anaerobic threshold ( r = @ ; P = @ ) , the severity of tricuspid regurgitation ( r = @ ; P = @ ) , tricuspid valve offset ( r = @ ; P = @ ) , and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion ( r = @ ; P = @ ) . | 7 |
24807407 | results | Previously described severity indices ( -LSB- RA + aRV -RSB- / -LSB- fRV + LA+LV -RSB- ) and fRV/LV end-diastolic volume corresponded only to some parameters . | 8 |
24807407 | conclusions | In patients with Ebstein anomaly , the easily acquired index of right-sided to left-sided heart volumes from CMR correlated well with established heart failure markers . | 9 |
24807407 | conclusions | Our data suggest that the total right/left-volume index should be used as a new and simplified CMR measure , allowing more accurate assessment of disease severity than previously described scoring systems . | 10 |
24947717 | objective | This study sought to investigate the association of beta-blocker therapy at discharge with clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction ( STEMI ) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI ) . | 0 |
24947717 | background | Limited data are available on the efficacy of beta-blocker therapy for secondary prevention in STEMI patients . | 1 |
24947717 | methods | Between November @ , @ and September @ , @ , @,@ patients were enrolled in nationwide , prospective , multicenter registries . | 2 |
24947717 | methods | Among these , we studied STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI who were discharged alive ( n = @,@ ) . | 3 |
24947717 | methods | We classified patients into the beta-blocker group ( n = @,@ ) and no-beta-blocker group ( n = @,@ ) according to the use of beta-blockers at discharge . | 4 |
24947717 | methods | Propensity-score matching analysis was also performed in @,@ patient triplets . | 5 |
24947717 | methods | The primary outcome was all-cause death . | 6 |
24947717 | results | The median follow-up duration was @ days ( interquartile range : @ to @ days ) . | 7 |
24947717 | results | All-cause death occurred in @ patients ( @ % ) of the beta-blocker group versus @ patients ( @ % ) of the no-beta-blocker group ( p < @ ) . | 8 |
24947717 | results | After @:@ propensity-score matching , beta-blocker therapy was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause death ( @ % vs. @ % , adjusted hazard ratio : @ , @ % confidence interval : @ to @ , p = @ ) . | 9 |
24947717 | results | The association with better outcome of beta-blocker therapy in terms of all-cause death was consistent across various subgroups , including patients with relatively low-risk profiles such as ejection fraction > @ % or single-vessel disease . | 10 |
24947717 | conclusions | Beta-blocker therapy at discharge was associated with improved survival in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI . | 11 |
24947717 | conclusions | Our results support the current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines , which recommend long-term beta-blocker therapy in all patients with STEMI regardless of reperfusion therapy or risk profile . | 12 |
24281275 | objective | Local anesthetic wound infiltration is widely used as an effective adjunct during multimodal postoperative pain management . | 0 |
24281275 | objective | The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of continuous wound infusion of ropivacaine in postoperative pain relief , opioid sparing , incidence of nausea and vomiting , and bowel and liver function improvement in patients undergoing open hepatectomy . | 1 |
24281275 | methods | Forty patients undergoing open hepatectomy were enrolled in this prospective , randomized , double-blinded , placebo-controlled trial . | 2 |
24281275 | methods | Patients were divided into @ groups : the @ % saline continuous infusion group ( the control group ; n = @ ) and the ropivacaine continuous infusion group ( the Ropi group ; n = @ ) . | 3 |
24281275 | methods | Outcomes measured postoperatively were pain score at rest and on movement , sufentanil consumption , incidence of nausea and vomiting , and sedation score across @ postoperative hours . | 4 |
24281275 | methods | Time to bowel recovery , liver function change , mean length of hospitalization , patient satisfaction , and other data after @ postoperative hours were collected until hospital discharge . | 5 |
24281275 | results | Pain scores at rest were lower for the ropivacaine group and reached significance after @ and @ hours ( P < @ ) . | 6 |
24281275 | results | Sufentanil consumption ( @ vs. @ g ; P < @ ) after @ hours , time to bowel recovery ( @ vs. @ d ; P < @ ) , incidence of nausea and vomiting ( @ vs. @ ; P < @ ) , and mean length of hospitalization ( @ vs. @ d ; P < @ ) were significantly reduced , and the sedation score and liver function change were also comparable between the @ groups . | 7 |
24281275 | results | There was no difference with respect to pain scores on movement , nor with respect to patient satisfaction . | 8 |
24281275 | conclusions | Surgical wound infusion with ropivacaine after hepatectomy can improve pain relief at rest and accelerate recovery and discharge . | 9 |
24911353 | objective | Tuberculosis ( TB ) is highly prevalent among HIV-infected people , including those receiving combination antiretroviral therapy ( cART ) , necessitating a well tolerated and efficacious TB vaccine for these populations . | 0 |
24911353 | objective | We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the candidate TB vaccine M@/AS@ in adults with well controlled HIV infection on cART . | 1 |
24911353 | methods | A randomized , observer-blind , controlled trial ( NCT@ ) . | 2 |
24911353 | methods | HIV-infected adults on cART in Switzerland were randomized @:@:@ to receive two doses , @ month apart , of M@/AS@ , AS@ or @ % physiological saline ( N = @ , N = @ and N = @ , respectively ) and were followed up to @ months postdose @ ( D@ ) . | 3 |
24911353 | methods | Individuals with CD@ cell counts below @ cells/l were excluded . | 4 |
24911353 | methods | Adverse events ( AEs ) including HIV-specific and laboratory safety parameters were recorded . | 5 |
24911353 | methods | Cell-mediated ( ICS ) and humoral ( ELISA ) responses were evaluated before vaccination , @ month after each dose ( D@ , D@ ) and D@ . | 6 |
24911353 | results | Thirty-seven individuals -LSB- interquartile range ( IQR ) CD@ cell counts at screening : @-@ cells/l ; undetectable HIV-@ viremia -RSB- were enrolled ; @ % of individuals reported previous BCG vaccination , @ % tested negative for the QuantiFERON-TB assay . | 7 |
24911353 | results | For M@/AS@ recipients , no vaccine-related serious AEs or cART-regimen adjustments were recorded , and there were no clinically relevant effects on laboratory safety parameters , HIV-@ viral loads or CD@ cell counts . | 8 |
24911353 | results | M@/AS@ was immunogenic , inducing persistent and polyfunctional M@-specific CD@ T-cell responses -LSB- medians @ % ( IQR @-@ @ ) at D@ -RSB- and @ % ( @-@ @ ) at D@ , predominantly CD@LIL-@TNF - , CD@LIL-@ and CD@LIL-@TNF-IFN - -RSB- . | 9 |
24911353 | results | All M@/AS@ vaccines were seropositive for anti-M@ IgG after second vaccination until study end . | 10 |
24911353 | conclusions | M@/AS@ was clinically well tolerated and immunogenic in this population , supporting further clinical evaluation in HIV-infected individuals in TB-endemic settings . | 11 |
25318787 | objective | The aim of this study was to investigate whether remedial hydration ( RH ) reduces the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy ( CIN ) and short-term adverse events in ST-elevation myocardial infarction ( STEMI ) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI ) . | 0 |