What provoked the civil unrest incidents which started in 19th January 2023 in France based on the below passage?

A series of civil unrest incidents began in France on 19 January 2023, organised by opponents of the pension reform bill proposed by the Borne government, which would increase the retirement age from 62 to 64 years old. The strikes have led to widespread disruption, including garbage piling up in the streets and public transport cancellations. In March, the government used Article 49.3 of the constitution to force the bill through the French Parliament, sparking more protests and two failed no confidence votes, contributing to an increase in violence in protests alongside the union-organised strike action.
Several organizations, including human rights groups such as Reporters Without Borders and France's Human Rights League condemned France's crackdown on protests and also denounced the assault on journalists. In addition, the Council of Europe also criticised the "excessive use of force by agents of the state".

The civil unrest in France on 19 January 2023 was provoked by the new proposal from the Borne government to increase retirement age.The current retirement age is 62, which is proposed to be increased to 64. Opponents of the bill organised protests against the government who used Article 49.3 of the constitution to force the bill through the parliament .