ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
ResOT: Resource-Efficient Oblique Trees for Neural Signal Classification

Classifiers that can be implemented on chip with minimal computational and memory resources are essential for edge computing in emerging applications such as medical and IoT devices. This paper introduces a machine learning model based on oblique decision trees to enable resource-efficient classification on a neural implant. By integrating model compression with probabilistic routing and implementing cost-aware learning, our proposed model could significantly reduce the memory and hardware cost compared to state-of-the-art models, while maintaining the classification accuracy. We trained the resource-efficient oblique tree with power-efficient regularization (ResOT-PE) on three neural classification tasks to evaluate the performance, memory, and hardware requirements. On seizure detection task, we were able to reduce the model size by 3.4x and the feature extraction cost by 14.6x compared to the ensemble of boosted trees, using the intracranial EEG from 10 epilepsy patients. In a second experiment, we tested the ResOT-PE model on tremor detection for Parkinson's disease, using the local field potentials from 12 patients implanted with a deep-brain stimulation (DBS) device. We achieved a comparable classification performance as the state-of-the-art boosted tree ensemble, while reducing the model size and feature extraction cost by 10.6x and 6.8x, respectively. We also tested on a 6-class finger movement detection task using ECoG recordings from 9 subjects, reducing the model size by 17.6x and feature computation cost by 5.1x. The proposed model can enable a low-power and memory-efficient implementation of classifiers for real-time neurological disease detection and motor decoding.
Sustainability and Tourism Marketing: A Bibliometric Analysis of Publications between 1997 and 2020 Using VOSviewer Software

Several studies have empirically explored the association between practices in sustainable tourism and their impact on tourism marketing. However, bibliometric studies that organize the production in this field are still scarce. The objective of this study is thus to provide a bibliometric analysis of research on sustainable practices in tourism related to marketing, identifying the state of the art, trends and other indicators, by monitoring the articles published on the Web of Science (WoS) platform. A sample of 694 materials was obtained. The data were processed and the results graphically illustrated using the VOSviewer software. The study analyzed the simultaneous occurrence of publications by year, keyword trends, cocitations, bibliographic coupling and analysis of coauthorship, countries and institutions, and indicates that the literature on tourism sustainability issues in the field of tourism marketing is growing at a quick pace; merely five papers accounted for more than 2193 citations, but there are several prolific authors. Of the 694 sources included in the review, the most important ones published 40.34% of the papers; Spain is the leading country in this topic. This research provides insight about the state of the art and identifies gaps and research opportunities in sustainability and tourism marketing.
Lateness minimization with Tabu search for job shop scheduling problem with sequence dependent setup times

We tackle the job shop scheduling problem with sequence dependent setup times and maximum lateness minimization by means of a tabu search algorithm. We start by defining a disjunctive model for this problem, which allows us to study some properties of the problem. Using these properties we define a new local search neighborhood structure, which is then incorporated into the proposed tabu search algorithm. To assess the performance of this algorithm, we present the results of an extensive experimental study, including an analysis of the tabu search algorithm under different running conditions and a comparison with the state-of-the-art algorithms. The experiments are performed across two sets of conventional benchmarks with 960 and 17 instances respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed tabu search algorithm is superior to the state-of-the-art methods both in quality and stability. In particular, our algorithm establishes new best solutions for 817 of the 960 instances of the first set and reaches the best known solutions in 16 of the 17 instances of the second set.
Maximum Isometric and Dynamic Strength of Mixed Martial Arts Athletes According to Weight Class and Competitive Level

Mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes must achieve high strength levels to face the physical demands of an MMA fight. This study compared MMA athletes' maximal isometric and dynamic strength according to the competitive level and weight class. Twenty-one male MMA athletes were divided into lightweight professional (LWP; n = 9), lightweight elite (LWE; n = 4), heavyweight professional (HWP; n = 4), and heavyweight elite (HWE; n = 4). The handgrip and isometric lumbar strength tests assessed the isometric strength, and the one-repetition maximum (1RM) bench press and 4RM leg press the dynamic strength. Univariate ANOVA showed differences between groups in absolute and relative 1RM bench press and absolute isometric lumbar strength. Post hoc tests showed differences in 1RM bench press between HWE and LWE (117.0 +/- 17.8 kg vs. 81.0 +/- 10.0 kg) and HWE and LWP athletes (117.0 +/- 17.8 kg vs. 76.7 +/- 13.7 kg; 1.5 +/- 0.2 kg center dot BW-1 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.2 kg center dot BW-1). In addition, there was a correlation between 1RM bench press and isometric lumbar strength for absolute (r = 0.67) and relative values (r = 0.50). This study showed that the 1RM bench press and isometric lumbar strength were associated and could differentiate MMA athletes according to their competitive level and weight class. Therefore, optimizing the force production in the upper body and lower back seems important in elite and professional MMA athletes.
Reanalysis of unclear CMV status results from buccal swab samples of potential stem cell donors is an efficient donor registry strategy

Many stem cell donor registries determine the cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG serostatus at donor recruitment as it is an important marker for donor selection in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. To make sample collection less uncomfortable for the donor, we have developed a method that allows CMV status determination from buccal swab samples, thus avoiding blood drawing. However, the determination fails in some cases which leads to new donors being listed for donor search without CMV status, thus hindering donor searches. In this work, we evaluated the success rate of repeating CMV status analysis from a new swab. Our results show that about 90% of the samples could be successfully determined. Due to the great importance of the CMV status in donor search, we consider the retesting approach to be highly recommended for stem cell donor registries.
Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Toll-Like Receptors

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are estimated to comprise ∼8% of the entire human genome, but the vast majority of them remain transcriptionally silent in most normal tissues due to accumulated mutations. However, HERVs can be frequently activated and detected in various tissues under certain conditions. Nucleic acids or proteins produced by HERVs can bind to pattern recognition receptors of immune cells or other cells and initiate an innate immune response, which may be involved in some pathogenesis of diseases, especially cancer and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we collect studies of the interaction between HERV elements and Toll-like receptors and attempt to provide an overview of their role in the immunopathological mechanisms of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Buckling considerations and cross-sectional geometry development for topology optimised body in white

This paper will investigate how current state-of-the-art structural optimisation algorithms, with an emphasis on topology optimisation, can be used to rapidly develop lightweight body in white (BIW) concept designs, based on a computer aided design envelope. The optimisation models included in the paper will primarily focus on crashworthiness and roof crush scenarios as specified in the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) 216 standard. This paper is a continuation of a previously published paper, which investigated the potential effects of recently proposed changes to FMVSS 216 upon BIW mass and architecture using topology optimisation. The paper will investigate the possibilities of including buckling considerations of roof members directly into current state-of-the-art topology optimisation algorithms. This paper will also demonstrate the potential for developing a detailed BIW design including cross-sectional properties based on a styling envelope.
Localization of stomatal lineage proteins reveals contrasting planar polarity patterns in Arabidopsis cotyledons

Many plant cells exhibit polarity, revealed by asymmetric localization of specific proteins within each cell.1,2,3,4,5,6 Polarity is typically coordinated between cells across a tissue, raising the question of how coordination is achieved. One hypothesis is that mechanical stresses provide cues.7 This idea gains support from experiments in which cotyledons were mechanically stretched transversely to their midline.8 These previously published results showed that without applied tension, the stomatal lineage cell polarity marker, BREVIS RADIX-LIKE 2 (BRXL2), exhibited no significant excess in the transverse orientation. By contrast, 7 h after stretching, BRXL2 polarity distribution exhibited transverse excess, aligned with the stretch direction. These stretching experiments involved statistical comparisons between snapshots of stretched and unstretched cotyledons, with different specimens being imaged in each case.8 Here, we image the same cotyledon before and after stretching and find no evidence for reorientation of polarity. Instead, statistical analysis shows that cotyledons contain a pre-existing transverse excess in BRXL2 polarity orientation that is not significantly modified by applied tension. The transverse excess reflects BRLX2 being preferentially localized toward the medial side of the cell, nearer to the cotyledon midline, creating a weak medial bias. A second polarity marker, BREAKING OF ASYMMETRY IN THE STOMATAL LINEAGE (BASL), also exhibits weak medial bias in stomatal lineages, whereas ectopic expression of BASL in non-stomatal cells exhibits strong proximal bias, as previously observed in rosette leaves. This proximal bias is also unperturbed by applied tension. Our findings therefore show that cotyledons contain two near-orthogonal coordinated biases in planar polarity: mediolateral and proximodistal.
Band pass filter design against interrupted-sampling repeater jamming based on time-frequency analysis

The interrupted-sampling repeater jamming (ISRJ) is coherent with an emitted signal, and significantly limits radar's ability to detect, track and recognise targets. This study focuses on the research of ISRJ suppression for linear frequency modulation radars. A new band pass filter design method based on time frequency (TF) analysis is proposed. A function named 'max-TF' is constructed from the TF energy distribution of the de-chirped signal, reflecting the changes of the maximum signal component amplitude with respect to time. Based on the 'max-TF' function, jamming-free signal segments are automatically and accurately extracted to generate the filter, which is smoothed subsequently. After filtering, jamming signal peaks in pulse compression results are suppressed while real targets are retained simultaneously. Comparing with the state-of-the-art filtering method, the proposed method has improved jamming suppression ability and extended the feasible scope of signal-to-noise ratio and jamming-to-signal ratio conditions. Simulations have validated the improvements and demonstrated how the parameters affect performance. The average signal to jamming improvement and average radar detection rate of the proposed method is about 7.4 dB and 23% higher than those of the state-of-the-art filtering method, respectively. The direction of further works is inferred.
Removal of Canvas Patterns in Digital Acquisitions of Paintings

We address the removal of canvas artifacts from high-resolution digital photographs and X-ray images of paintings on canvas. Both imaging modalities are common investigative tools in art history and art conservation. Canvas artifacts manifest themselves very differently according to the acquisition modality; they can hamper the visual reading of the painting by art experts, for instance, in preparing a restoration campaign. Computer-aided canvas removal is desirable for restorers when the painting on canvas they are preparing to restore has acquired over the years a much more salient texture. We propose a new algorithm that combines a cartoon-texture decomposition method with adaptive multiscale thresholding in the frequency domain to isolate and suppress the canvas components. To illustrate the strength of the proposed method, we provide various examples, for acquisitions in both imaging modalities, for paintings with different types of canvas and from different periods. The proposed algorithm outperforms previous methods proposed for visual photographs such as morphological component analysis and Wiener filtering and it also works for the digital removal of canvas artifacts in X-ray images.
The general ventilation multipliers calculated by using a standard Near-Field/Far-Field model

In conceptual exposure models, the transmission of pollutants in an imperfectly mixed room is usually described with general ventilation multipliers. This is the approach used in the Advanced REACH Tool (ART) and Stoffenmanager (R) exposure assessment tools. The multipliers used in these tools were reported by Cherrie (1999; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/104732299302530) and Cherrie et al. (2011; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mer092) who developed them by positing input values for a standard Near-Field/Far-Field (NF/FF) model and then calculating concentration ratios between NF and FF concentrations. This study revisited the calculations that produce the multipliers used in ART and Stoffenmanager and found that the recalculated general ventilation multipliers were up to 2.8 times (280%) higher than the values reported by Cherrie (1999) and the recalculated NF and FF multipliers for 1-hr exposure were up to 1.2 times (17%) smaller and for 8-hr exposure up to 1.7 times (41%) smaller than the values reported by Cherrie et al. (2011). Considering that Stoffenmanager and the ART are classified as higher-tier regulatory exposure assessment tools, the errors is general ventilation multipliers should not be ignored. We recommend revising the general ventilation multipliers. A better solution is to integrate the NF/FF model to Stoffenmanager and the ART.
Adaptive Wireless Power Transfer and Backscatter Communication for Perpetual Operation of Wireless Brain-Computer Interfaces

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are neural prosthetics that enable closed-loop electrophysiology procedures. These devices are currently used in fundamental neurophysiology research, and they are moving toward clinical viability for neural rehabilitation. State-of-the-art BCI experiments have often been performed using tethered (wired) setups in controlled laboratory settings. Wired tethers simplify power and data interfaces but restrict the duration and types of experiments that are possible, particularly for the study of sensorimotor pathways in freely behaving animals. To eliminate tethers, there is significant ongoing research to develop fully wireless BCIs having wireless uplink of broadband neural recordings and wireless recharging for long-duration deployment, but significant challenges persist. BCIs must deliver complex functionality while complying with tightly coupled constraints in size, weight, power, noise, and biocompatibility. In this article, we provide an overview of recent progress in wireless BCIs and a detailed presentation of two emerging technologies that are advancing the state of the art: ultralow-power wireless backscatter communication and adaptive inductive resonant (AIR) wireless power transfer (WPT).
Garment-based motion capture (GaMoCap): high-density capture of human shape in motion

This paper presents a new motion capture (MoCap) system, the garment-based motion capture system-GaMoCap. The key feature is the use of an easily wearable garment printed with colour-coded pattern and a generic multicamera setup with standard video cameras. The coded pattern allows a high-density distribution of markers per unit of surface (about 40 markers per 100 cm), avoiding markers-swap errors. The high density of markers reconstructed makes possible a simultaneous reconstruction of shape and motion, which gives several concurrent advantages with respect to the state of the art and providing performances comparable with previous marker-based systems. In particular, we provide effective solutions to counter the soft-tissue artefact which is a common problem for garment-based techniques. This effect is reduced using Point Cluster Technique to filter out the points strongly affected by non-rigid motion. Uncertainty of motion estimation has been experimentally quantified by comparing with a state-of-the-art commercial system and numerically predicted by means of a Monte Carlo Method procedure. The experimental evaluation was performed on three different articulated motions: shoulder, knee and hip flexion-extension. The results shows that for the three motion angles estimated with GaMoCap, the system provides comparable accuracies against a commercial VICON system.
Preparation of Highly Bloating Ceramsite from "White Mud" and Oil Shale with Incorporation of Black Cotton Soil

Highly bloating ceramsite has been successfully prepared from forthcoming industrial wastes, the white mud (WM), which is the residue from H2SO4-treated coal fly ash obtained from our previous industrial art. In this art the oil shale (OS) and black cotton soil (BCS) were used as foaming and fluxing agents, respectively. The products were demonstrated to reach two types of ceramsite defined by GB/T17431.2-2010. The best dosages were found at the mass ratio of WM:BCS:OS = 7:7:6. The optimal sintering temperature is 1230 degrees C, and a two-stage sintering strategy was chosen to prepare better qualified ceramsite. The total porosity reaches 52.55%, which affords a low bulk density of 318 kg/m(3). The formation mechanism was indicated to be bloated by OS, and pores were formed by the sealing effect of vitrified BCS. The WM works as scaffolds to provide mechanical strength. The ternary diagram of SiO2-Al2O3-alkaline/alkaline earth was rectified concerning the composition area in preparing super-light-weight ceramsite.
Antimicrobial Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Comparators Against Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Collected Globally from Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance: 2018-2019

This study assessed the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) and a panel of comparator agents, including aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, meropenem, imipenem, colistin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and tigecycline against isolates of fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQ-R) Klebsiella pneumoniae collected in 2018 and 2019 from the Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance (ATLAS) program. Susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration were determined using broth microdilution for all antimicrobial agents by a central reference laboratory according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing guidelines. Of all the K. pneumoniae isolates (n = 10,906), 44.1% (4,814/10,906) were FQ-R. Of these, 71.3% (3,432/4,814) were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive, and 10.4% (499/4,814) were CAZ-AVI-resistant. CAZ-AVI showed high susceptibility (>87%) against all the FQ-R K. pneumoniae isolates. However, metallo- β-lactamase-positive isolates showed low susceptibility (3.8%; 18/470) to CAZ-AVI. Among the different geographical regions, CAZ-AVI showed the highest activity against isolates collected from North America (98.2%, 216/220) and lowest against those collected from Asia Pacific (APAC) (81.7%; 882/1,079). Among comparator agents, carbapenems showed a relatively lower susceptibility (<71.5%), while only tigecycline and colistin were active (>85%) across all isolates. In conclusion, CAZ-AVI may be a potential treatment option for FQ-R K. pneumoniae isolates. However, increasing CAZ-AVI resistance among ESBL-positive and metallo-β-lactamase-positive isolates and in isolates from APAC warrants continuous surveillance.
sEMG Onset Detection via Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Networks With Applications to Sports Science

Surface electromyography (sEMG) provides physiological information that can be used in sports science. In many applications, sEMG signal activity, i.e., contractions, needs to be detected in the stream of sensor recordings. During sports exercises, the impact of any collision on the body due to an athlete's movement (e.g., jump) forms an additive noise called motion-induced artifact (MIA) in sEMG recordings. This study proposes a bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent neural network (BLSTM-RNN) to automatically identify sEMG signal activity in measurements that include MIA. The proposed model is compared with the state-of-the-art techniques that are envelope, sample entropy (SampEn), modified adaptive linear energy detector (M-ALED), and adaptive contraction detection (ACD). As hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) are the most frequent and recurring injuries in professional football, this article uses sEMG data of different hamstring exercises performed by first-team players of the Leeds United Football Club. On data recorded using state-of-the-art sensors, the classification accuracy of the proposed solution is 96.73%, while the other methods reach 61.41% (sEMG envelope), 84.95% (SampEn), 58.86% (M-ALED), and 65.54% (ACD).
Tm4sf1-marked Endothelial Subpopulation Is Dysregulated in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

The identification and role of endothelial progenitor cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remain controversial. Single-cell omics analysis can shed light on endothelial progenitor cells and their potential contribution to PAH pathobiology. We aim to identify endothelial cells that may have stem/progenitor potential in rat lungs and assess their relevance to PAH. Differential expression, gene set enrichment, cell-cell communication, and trajectory reconstruction analyses were performed on lung endothelial cells from single-cell RNA sequencing of Sugen-hypoxia, monocrotaline, and control rats. Relevance to human PAH was assessed in multiple independent blood and lung transcriptomic data sets. Rat lung endothelial cells were visualized by immunofluorescence in situ, analyzed by flow cytometry, and assessed for tubulogenesis in vitro. A subpopulation of endothelial cells (endothelial arterial type 2 [EA2]) marked by Tm4sf1 (transmembrane 4 L six family member 1), a gene strongly implicated in cancer, harbored a distinct transcriptomic signature enriched for angiogenesis and CXCL12 signaling. Trajectory analysis predicted that EA2 has a less differentiated state compared with other endothelial subpopulations. Analysis of independent data sets revealed that TM4SF1 is downregulated in lungs and endothelial cells from patients and PAH models, is a marker for hematopoietic stem cells, and is upregulated in PAH circulation. TM4SF1+CD31+ rat lung endothelial cells were visualized in distal pulmonary arteries, expressed hematopoietic marker CD45, and formed tubules in coculture with lung fibroblasts. Our study uncovered a novel Tm4sf1-marked subpopulation of rat lung endothelial cells that may have stem/progenitor potential and demonstrated its relevance to PAH. Future studies are warranted to further elucidate the role of EA2 and Tm4sf1 in PAH.