ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Soft Frequency Reuse With Allocation of Resource Plans Based on Machine Learning in the Networks With Flying Base Stations

Flying base stations (FlyBSs) enable ubiquitous communications in the next generation mobile networks with a flexible topology. However, a deployment of the FlyBSs intensifies interference, which can result in a degradation in the throughput of cell-edge users. In this paper, we introduce a flexible soft frequency reuse (F-SFR) that enables a self-organization of a common SFR in the networks with an unpredictable and dynamic topology with the FlyBSs. We propose a graph theory-based algorithm for an allocation of resource plans, which is understood as a bandwidth allocation and a transmission power setting in the context of SFR. Furthermore, we introduce a low-complexity implementation of the proposed resource allocation using deep neural network (DNN) to significantly reduce the computation complexity. We show that the proposed F-SFR increases the throughput of cell-edge users by 16% to 26% and, at the same time, improves the satisfaction of the cell-edge users by up to 25% compared to the state-of-the-art solutions. We also demonstrate that the proposed scheme ensures a higher fairness in the throughput among the users with respect to the state-of-the-art solutions. The implementation via DNN also outperforms all state-of-the-art solutions despite its very low complexity.
Concatenated and Connected Random Forests With Multiscale Patch Driven Active Contour Model for Automated Brain Tumor Segmentation of MR Images

Segmentation of brain tumors from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data sets is of great importance for improved diagnosis, growth rate prediction, and treatment planning. However, automating this process is challenging due to the presence of severe partial volume effect and considerable variability in tumor structures, as well as imaging conditions, especially for the gliomas. In this paper, we introduce a new methodology that combines random forests and active contour model for the automated segmentation of the gliomas from multimodal volumetric MR images. Specifically, we employ a feature representations learning strategy to effectively explore both local and contextual information from multimodal images for tissue segmentation by using modality specific random forests as the feature learning kernels. Different levels of the structural information is subsequently integrated into concatenated and connected random forests for gliomas structure inferring. Finally, a novel multiscale patch driven active contour model is exploited to refine the inferred structure by taking advantage of sparse representation techniques. Results reported on public benchmarks reveal that our architecture achieves competitive accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art brain tumor segmentation methods while being computationally efficient.
Organic Solar Cells-The Path to Commercial Success

Organic solar cells have the potential to become the cheapest form of electricity, beating even silicon photovoltaics. This article summarizes the state of the art in the field, highlighting research challenges, mainly the need for an efficiency increase as well as an improvement in long-term stability. It discusses possible current and future applications, such as building integrated photovoltaics or portable electronics. Finally, the environmental footprint of this renewable energy technology is evaluated, highlighting the potential to be the energy generation technology with the lowest carbon footprint of all.
Exploring the Influence of Perceived Epidemic Severity and Risk on Well-Being in Nature-Based Tourism-Taking China's Post-1990 Generation as an Example

The impacts of perceived risk (PR) and perceived severity (PS) on personal well-being (WB) during the COVID-19 epidemic have often been overlooked, especially in the context of China's post-1990 generation. Therefore, this research intends to explore how members of the post-1990 generation obtain personal benefits through PR through the Attention Restoration Theory (ART). A total of 276 online questionnaires were collected by snowball sampling and analyzed in SPSS 21.0. This research found that PR, NC, and the ART are mediating variables which affect WB. The higher the PR, the more likely it is that the post-1990 generation will engage in nature tourism. These discoveries undoubtedly demonstrate a breakthrough in the theoretical gap, and provide a proposal for the sustainable development of China's tourism industry.
Improving visual odometry pipeline with feedback from forward and backward motion estimates

Estimating motion from visual cameras has become a promising art in the area of autonomous navigation and constant efforts are being made toward improving the accuracy of these estimates. In this paper, an improvement in the visual odometry algorithm is proposed that takes cues from both the forward and backward motion estimates. An error is formulated based on the consistency which measures the difference between the forward and backward motion. This error is used in a feedback mechanism to improve the triangulated 3D point estimates, thereby improving the pose estimate. Additionally, a novel means to incorporate information from multiple stereo camera setups has been devised to improve the pose estimate. The proposed scheme of joint forward-backward VO with multiple cameras and feedback mechanism (JFBVO-FM) is validated on two publicly available datasets having different environmental conditions and camera motion, that is, KITTI and EuRoC Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) datasets. The results are analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively, and the proposed scheme is found to perform better as compared to the state-of-the-art methods in most of the sequences.
Representation and Preservation of Heritage Crafts

This work regards the digital representation of tangible and intangible dimensions of heritage crafts, towards craft preservation. Based on state-of-the-art digital documentation, knowledge representation and narrative creation approach are presented. Craft presentation methods that use the represented content to provide accurate, intuitive, engaging, and educational ways for HC presentation and appreciation are proposed. The proposed methods aim to contribute to HC preservation, by adding value to the cultural visit, before, and after it.
Bullous lichen sclerosus-generalized morphea overlap syndrome improved by tofacitinib

We here report a case of a middle-aged man with an unusual case of bullous lichen sclerosus complicated with generalized morphea. He showed initial recurrent flaccid bullae, followed by ivory-white sclerotic plaques and extensive skin sclerosis, with additional walking disorder caused by knee-joint contracture, and ulcers on the lower extremities and back. The patient had no visceral involvement. After oral hydroxychloroquine and oral corticosteroids failed, the patient was given tofacitinib, which resolved his ulcers after 4 weeks and ameliorated his knee-joint contracture and skin sclerosis within 4 months. Owing to the occurrence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, he stopped using tofacitinib, and the ulcer and walking disorder reappeared. This is rare case of bullous lichen sclerosus-generalized morphea overlap syndrome. The patient recovered well after treatment with tofacitinib. His symptoms recurred after discontinuation of tofacitinib.
Predictive Factors of HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Its Distribution among Female Sex Workers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

The predictive factors of HIV-1 drug resistance and its distribution are poorly documented in female sex workers (FSWs) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). However, the identification of predictive factors can lead to the development of improved and effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). The objective of the current study was to determine the predictive factors of HIV-1 drug resistance and its distribution based on FSWs in the studied regions in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). HIV-positive FSWs who were diagnosed as part of the DRC Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (IBBS) were included in this study. A total of 325 FSWs participated. The HIV-1 viral load (VL) was measured according to the Abbott m2000sp and m2000rt protocols. The homogeneity chi-square test was conducted to determine the homogeneity of HIV-1 drug resistance distribution. Using a significance level of 0.05, multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with HIV-1 drug resistance to ART. HIV drug resistance mutation (HIVDRM) distribution was homogeneous in the three study regions (p = 0.554) but differed based on the HIV-1 VLs of the FSWs. FSWs with high HIV-1 VLs harbored more HIVDRMs (p = 0.028) of predominantly pure HIV-1 strains compared with those that had low HIV-1 VLs. Sexually transmitted infection (STI) history (aOR [95%CI] = 8.51 [1.62, 44.74]), high HIV-1 VLs (aOR [95%CI] = 5.39 [1.09, 26.74]), and HIV-1-syphilis coinfection (aOR [95%CI] = 9.71 [1.84, 51.27]) were associated with HIV drug resistance among FSWs in the DRC. A history of STIs (e.g., abnormal fluid) in the 12 months prior to the survey, a high HIV-1 VL, and HIV-1-syphilis coinfection were associated with HIV-1 drug resistance among FSWs in the DRC. Efforts should be made to systematically test for other infections which increase the HIV-1 VL, in the case of HIV-1 coinfection, in order to maintain ART effectiveness across the DRC.
CB-Art Interventions Implemented with Mental Health Professionals Working in a Shared War Reality: Transforming Negative Images and Enhancing Coping Resources

Research on mental health professionals (MHPs) exposed to a shared war reality indicates that they are subject to emotional distress, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, and vicarious trauma. This article focuses on a CB-ART (cognitive behavioral and art-based) intervention implemented during the 2014 Gaza conflict with 51 MHPs who shared war-related experiences with their clients. The intervention included drawing pictures related to three topics: (1) war-related stressors, (2) coping resources, and (3) integration of the stressful image and the resources drawing. The major aims of the study were (1) to examine whether significant changes occurred in MHP distress levels after the intervention; (2) to explore the narratives of the three drawing and their compositional characteristics; and (3) to determine which of selected formats of the integrated drawing and compositional transformations of the stressful image are associated with greater distress reduction. Results indicate that MHP distress levels significantly decreased after the intervention. This stress-reducing effect was also reflected in differences between the compositional elements of the 'stress drawing' and the 'integrated drawing,' which includes elements of resources. Reduced distress accompanied compositional transformations of the stressful image. MHPs can further use the easily implemented intervention described here as a coping tool in other stressful situations.
SCRATCH: A Scalable Discrete Matrix Factorization Hashing Framework for Cross-Modal Retrieval

In this paper, we present a novel supervised cross-modal hashing framework, namely Scalable disCRete mATrix faCtorization Hashing (SCRATCH). First, it utilizes collective matrix factorization on original features together with label semantic embedding, to learn the latent representations in a shared latent space. Thereafter, it generates binary hash codes based on the latent representations. During optimization, it avoids using a large n x n similarity matrix and generates hash codes discretely. Besides, based on different objective functions, learning strategy, and features, we further present three models in this framework, i.e., SCRATCH-o, SCRATCH-t, and SCRATCH-d. The first one is a one-step method, learning the hash functions and the binary codes in the same optimization problem. The second is a two-step method, which first generates the binary codes and then learns the hash functions based on the learned hash codes. The third one is a deep version of SCRATCH-t, which utilizes deep neural networks as hash functions. The extensive experiments on two widely used benchmark datasets demonstrate that SCRATCH-o and SCRATCH-t outperform some state-of-the-art shallow hashing methods for cross-modal retrieval. The SCRATCH-d also outperforms some state-of-the-art deep hashing models.
artdaq: An Event-Building, Filtering, and Processing Framework

Several current and proposed experiments at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, USA, have novel data acquisition needs. These include 1) continuous digitization, using commercial high-speed digitizers, of signals from the detectors, 2) the transfer of all of the digitized waveform data to commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) processors, 3) the filtering or compression of the waveform data, or both, and 4) the writing of the resultant data to disk for later, more complete, analysis. To address these needs, members of the Accelerator and Detector Simulation and Support Department within the Scientific Computing Division at Fermilab are using parallel processing technologies in the development of artdaq, a generic data acquisition toolkit. The artdaq toolkit uses Message Passing Interface (MPI) and art, an established event-processing framework shared by new experiments at Fermilab. In an artdaq program, the digitized data are transferred into computing nodes using commodity Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) cards, and event fragments are transferred between distributed processes using MPI and assembled into complete events. These events are then processed by a configurable selection of user-specified algorithms, commonly including filtering and compression algorithms, using the art event-processing framework. This paper describes the architecture and implementation of the first phase of the artdaq toolkit and shows early performance results with configurations that match upcoming experiments both at Fermilab and elsewhere.
Differential Gene Expression in Liver, Gill, and Olfactory Rosettes of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) After Acclimation to Salinity

Most Pacific salmonids undergo smoltification and transition from freshwater to saltwater, making various adjustments in metabolism, catabolism, osmotic, and ion regulation. The molecular mechanisms underlying this transition are largely unknown. In the present study, we acclimated coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to four different salinities and assessed gene expression through microarray analysis of gills, liver, and olfactory rosettes. Gills are involved in osmotic regulation, liver plays a role in energetics, and olfactory rosettes are involved in behavior. Between all salinity treatments, liver had the highest number of differentially expressed genes at 1616, gills had 1074, and olfactory rosettes had 924, using a 1.5-fold cutoff and a false discovery rate of 0.5. Higher responsiveness of liver to metabolic changes after salinity acclimation to provide energy for other osmoregulatory tissues such as the gills may explain the differences in number of differentially expressed genes. Differentially expressed genes were tissue- and salinity-dependent. There were no known genes differentially expressed that were common to all salinity treatments and all tissues. Gene ontology term analysis revealed biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components that were significantly affected by salinity, a majority of which were tissue-dependent. For liver, oxygen binding and transport terms were highlighted. For gills, muscle, and cytoskeleton-related terms predominated and for olfactory rosettes, immune response-related genes were accentuated. Interaction networks were examined in combination with GO terms and determined similarities between tissues for potential osmosensors, signal transduction cascades, and transcription factors.
High hydrostatic pressure-assisted micellar media as an efficient and green strategy to extract artemisinin from Artemisia annua L.

With increasingly serious environmental pollution, the development of sustainable green technologies has attracted global attention. In the present study, we propose an efficient and eco-friendly strategy to obtain active ingredients from plant tissues. High hydrostatic pressure-assisted eco-friendly micellar media (alkyl polyglucoside, APG1214) was used to extract artemisinin (ART) from Artemisia annua L. leaves. ART accumulated in glandular secretory trichomes (GTs) on the surface of A. annua leaves. When the pressure increased, the GTs were crushed, broken, or deformed, resulting in full contact between ART and APG1214. At this time, the hydrogen bonding force between ART and APG1214 led to the formation of ART-APG1214 supramolecules, which were folded and self-assembled into micelles. The extraction process reached equilibrium under continuous pressure and was then carried out by pressure from the GTs during unloading. It is worth noting that the entire process occurred by fast washing and slow diffusion simultaneously, with fast washing as the main step. This method not only showed high efficiency and low energy consumption but also the potential recycling of APG1214, thereby providing an efficient, eco-friendly, safe, and cost-saving strategy for the industrial production of natural products.
A biodegradable magnesium surgical staple for colonic anastomosis: In vitro and in vivo evaluation

Staplers have been widely used in the clinical treatment of gastrointestinal reconstruction. However, the current titanium (Ti) staple will remain in the human body permanently, resulting in some adverse effects. In this study, we developed a type of biodegradable staple for colonic anastomosis using 0.3 mm diameter magnesium (Mg) alloy wires. The wire surface was modified by micro-arc oxidation treatment (MAO) and then coated with poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) to achieve a moderate degradation rate matching the tissue healing process. The results of tensile tests on isolated porcine colon tissue anastomosed by Mg and Ti staples showed that the anastomotic property of Mg staples was almost equal to that of Ti staples. The in vitro degradation tests indicated the dual-layer coating effectively enhanced the corrosion resistance and maintained the tensile force of the coated staple stable after 14-day immersion in the simulated colonic fluid (SCF). Furthermore, 24 beagle dogs were employed to conduct a comparison experiment using Mg-based and clinical Ti staples for 90-day implantation by ent-to-side anastomosis of the colon. The integrated structure of Mg-based staples was observed after 7 days and completely degraded after 90 days. All animals did not have anastomotic leakage and stenosis, and 12 dogs with Mg-based staples fully recovered after 90 days without differences in visceral ion levels and other side effects. The favorable performance makes this Mg-based anastomotic staple an ideal candidate for colon reconstruction.
The effect of electrolyte additives on both LaPO4-coated Li(Ni0.4Mn0.4Co0.2)O-2 and uncoated Li(Ni0.4Mn0.4Co0.2)O-2 in Li-ion pouch cells

The effectiveness of some selected electrolyte additive blends were systematically studied in Li [Ni0.4Mn0.4Co0.2]O-2/graphite and 3 wt% LaPO4-coated Li[Ni0.4Mn0.4Co0.2]O-2/graphite pouch cells using ex situ gas measurements, ultra high precision coulometry, automated storage experiments, long-term cycling and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. For cells tested to an upper cutoff potential of 4.4 V the LaPO4-coating provided no benefit when state-of-the-art electrolyte additives were used. For cells tested to 4.5 V, the LaPO4 coating appeared to limit electrolyte oxidation slightly and resulted in better capacity retention compared to uncoated cells for cells with state-of-the-art electrolyte additives. However, even for cells tested to 4.5 V, the benefits of the additives far outweighed the benefits of the coating. This suggests literature papers that compare the impact of coatings on positive electrode materials in cells that contain electrolytes without electrolyte additives have limited value. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Single-dose pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in porcine cancellous and cortical bone determined by microdialysis

High treatment failure rates and the need for prolonged antimicrobial therapy for osteomyelitis and implant-associated infections suggest that antimicrobial bone penetration may be incomplete. Assessment of the bone pharmacokinetics of antimicrobials is challenged by a lack of validated methods. In this study, 1000 mg of vancomycin was administered as a single dose over 100 min to eight female pigs. Plasma, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and bone pharmacokinetics were investigated over 12 h. Microdialysis was applied for collection of samples in bone and SCAT. The vancomycin concentration in microdialysates was determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, whilst the free plasma concentration was determined using Cobas c501. The mean (95% CI) area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-last); minμg/mL) was 9375 (7445-11304), 9304 (7374-11233), 5998 (3955-8040) and 3451 (1522-5381) for plasma, SCAT, and cancellous and cortical bone, respectively (ANOVA P-value < 0.001). Both cortical and cancellous bone AUC0-last were lower than that of free plasma (P < 0.01). Peak drug concentrations (C(max)) in cortical and cancellous bone were also significantly lower than that of free plasma (P < 0.001). Moreover, both AUC(0-last) and C(max) were significantly lower in cortical bone than in cancellous bone (P < 0.025). Bone penetration of vancomycin was found to be incomplete and delayed. Significant differences in pharmacokinetics between cancellous and cortical bone suggest that bone may not be considered as one compartment. Future studies should focus on validating the applicability of microdialysis for assessment of antimicrobial bone pharmacokinetics.
Synergistic Degradation of Maize Straw Lignin by Manganese Peroxidase from Irpex lacteus

Lignocellulose in maize straw includes cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and the degradation of lignocellulose is a complex process in which multiple enzymes are jointly involved. In exploring the co-degradation of a certain substrate by multiple enzymes, different enzymes are combined freely for the achievement of the effective synergism. Additionally, some organic acids and small molecule aromatic compounds can also increase the enzymatic activity of lignin enzymes and improve the degradation rate of lignin. In this study, manganese peroxidase (MnP) from Irpex lacteus (I. lacteus) was heterologously expressed in food-grade Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe). The multiple enzymes co-fermentation conditions were initially screened by orthogonal tests: 0.5% CaCl2, 1% 10,000 U/g Laccase (Lac), 0.3% MnSO4, and 0.4% glucose oxidase (GOD). It was showed that the lignin degradation rate could reach 65.85% after 3 days of synergistic degradation with the addition of 0.02% Tween-80, 0.5 mM oxalic acid. This indicates that oxalic acid has a promoting effect on the activity of MnP, and the promoting effect is more significant when Tween-80 is complexed with oxalic acid.