ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Two-stage stochastic framework for energy hubs planning considering demand response programs

The integrated use of electricity and natural gas has captured great attention over recent years, mainly due to the high efficiency and economic considerations. According to the energy hub design and operation, which allows using different energy carriers, it has turned into a critical topic. This paper develops a two-stage stochastic model for energy hub planning and operation. The uncertainties of the problem have arisen from the electric, heating, and cooling load demand forecasts, besides the intermittent output of the solar photovoltaic (PV) system. The scenarios of the uncertain parameters are generated using the Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS), and the backward scenario reduction technique is used to alleviate the number of generated scenarios. Furthermore, this paper investigates the effectiveness of demand response programs (DRPs). The presented model includes two stages, where at the first stage, the optimal energy hub design is carried out utilizing the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. In this respect, the capacity of the candidate assets has been considered continuous, enabling the planning entity to precisely design the energy hub. The problem of the optimal energy hub operation is introduced at the second stage of the model formulated as mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP). The proposed framework is simulated using a typical energy hub to verify its effectiveness and efficiency. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Growth Parameters and Diffusion Barriers for Functional High-Voltage Thin-Film Batteries Based on Spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathodes

Cobalt-free spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is one of the most promising and environmentally friendly cathodes, based on its high specific theoretical capacity (147 mAh·g-1) and high electrochemical potential (4.7 V vs Li+/Li), as well as good electronic and Li-ion conductivities. In this work, we present the fabrication of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 thin-film cathodes deposited by the industrially scalable AC magnetron sputtering technique on functional and cost-effective stainless steel current collectors. This is the first step toward battery downscaling, envisioning the fabrication of compact microbatteries for low-power energy supply. The thin-film strategy is crucial also for solid electrolyte fabrication that will allow the integration of high-energy-density batteries while overcoming most of the current battery challenges. In this work, the effect of film thickness on the material's electrochemical performance is discussed, correlating the observed structural and morphological evolution with the final electrochemical response. Moreover, the effect of iron diffusion from the current collector substrate into the cathode film is analyzed. The addition of a stable CrN barrier layer in between the substrate and the film is proposed to prevent Fe diffusion, with a direct positive influence on the electrochemical behavior. All in all, the obtained results will facilitate the practical implementation of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 thin films as high-voltage cathodes in functional cost-effective microbatteries.
Effect of the position of the interphalangeal joint on movements of the trapeziometacarpal joint during thumb opposition

The Kapandji test is a simple method to score thumb opposition; however, the position of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb during this test has not been described. We aimed to quantitatively examine the effect of the thumb interphalangeal joint position on movements of the trapeziometacarpal joint during thumb opposition using the Kapandji test. The Kapandji test was carried out in 20 healthy participants during thumb interphalangeal joint extension and flexion. Movements of the joints and the activity of thenar muscles were recorded using motion capture and electromyography, respectively. We found that interphalangeal joint extension increased the trapeziometacarpal joint movement and thenar muscle activity compared with interphalangeal joint flexion, which contributed to thumb opposition at Kapandji Positions 0-6. These findings suggest the position of the thumb interphalangeal joint affects the trapeziometacarpal joint during thumb opposition, and assessment of thumb opposition using the Kapandji test is best done with the thumb interphalangeal joint in extension.
Endometrial hyperplasia as a risk factor of endometrial cancer

Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is the precursor lesion for endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (EC), which represents the most common malignancy of the female reproductive tract in industrialized countries. The most important risk factor for the development of EH is chronic exposure to unopposed estrogen. Histopathologically, EH can be classified into EH without atypia (benign EH) and atypical EH/endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN). Clinical management ranges from surveillance or progestin therapy through to hysterectomy, depending on the risk of progression to or concomitant EC and the patient´s desire to preserve fertility. Multiple studies support the efficacy of progestins in treating both benign and atypical EH. This review summarizes the evidence base regarding risk factors and management of EH. Additionally, we performed a systematic literature search of the databases PubMed and Cochrane Controlled Trials register for studies analyzing the efficacy of progestin treatment in women with EH.
Wind power prediction using a novel model on wavelet decomposition-support vector machines-improved atomic search algorithm

Wind power output is highly volatile and intermittent owing to the characteristics of wind energy. Large-scale wind power integration affects the stability of entire power system. Accurate wind power prediction facilitates to utilize wind energy, improve power supply quality and maintain stable operation of power grid. A hybrid prediction model combining wavelet decomposition, support vector machine and improved atom search algorithm is proposed to predict wind power output. Dynamic sinusoidal wave adaptive weight is introduced to improve the position update equation, and crossover and mutation operations are added to the end of each iteration to improve the search ability of atomic search algorithm. In the prediction process, the original wind power data is processed by wavelet decomposition and the non-stationary signal is decomposed into several detail sequences of different frequencies and approximate sequence to extract important wind power features to reduce the prediction error caused by data fluctuation. Prediction results of actual wind farm data prove the proposed model has prominent advantages in predicting performance. Three evaluation indexes of mean absolute error, mean absolute percent error and root mean square error decreased by at least 1.14%, 2.60% and 1.52%. The proposed method is conductive to reduce wind curtailment and improve the economic benefit of wind farm. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Exploring the Relationship between Urbanization and Ecological Environment Using Remote Sensing Images and Statistical Data: A Case Study in the Yangtze River Delta, China

With the rapid urban development in China, urbanization has brought more and more pressure on the ecological environment. As one of the most dynamic, open, and innovative regions in China, the eco-environmental issues in the Yangtze River Delta have attracted much attention. This paper takes the central region of the Yangtze River Delta as the research object, through building the index system of urbanization and ecological environment based on statistical data and two new indicators (fraction of vegetation coverage and surface urban heat island intensity) extracted from remote sensing images, uses the Entropy-TOPSIS method to complete the comprehensive assessment, and then analyzes the coupling coordination degree between the urbanization and ecological environment and main obstacle factors. The results showed that the coupling coordination degree in the study region generally shows an upward trend from 0.604 in 2008 to 0.753 in 2017, generally changing from an imbalanced state towards a basically balanced state. However, regional imbalance of urbanization and ecological environment always exists, which is mainly affected by social urbanization, economic urbanization, landscape urbanization, pollution loading and resource consumption. Finally, on the basis of the obstacle factor analysis, some specific suggestions for promoting the coordinated development of the Yangtze River Delta are put forward.
Selective and efficient adsorption of Au (III) in aqueous solution by Zr-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): An unconventional way for gold recycling

Recycling precious metals from secondary resources is of great environmental and economic significance. In this study, the Zr-based MOFs UiO-66-NH2 was synthesized and used to adsorb Au (III) in aqueous solution. The ultrafine particle size (similar to 50 nm), excellent crystallinity and huge specific surface area (1039.2 m(2).g(-1)) were verified by transmission electron microscope (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and surface area analysis. About 50 % Au (III) was adsorbed within 6 min and the maximum adsorption capacity at 298 K reached up to 650 mg.g(-1), showing superiority to traditional adsorbents. The general order kinetics model and Liu equation were suitable to describe the adsorption process, which was spontaneous, endothermic and driven by the increasing system entropy. Electrostatic attraction between -NH3+ and Au (III) anions and inner complexation to Zr-OH played a vital role in adsorption. Au (III) was reduced to Au degrees by amino groups via redox reaction certified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), PXRD and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis. Moreover, UiO-66-NH2 displayed high selectivity, robust stability and excellent reusability, making it an ideal candidate for gold recycling in industrial practice.
Application of three prediction models in pesticide poisoning

To establish a reasonable prediction model of pesticide poisoning and predict the future trend of pesticide poisoning in Jiangsu Province, so as to provide the basis for rational allocation of public health resources and formulation of prevention and control strategies, the number of pesticide poisoning in Jiangsu province from 2006 to 2020 was collected. Grey model (GM(1,1)) model, autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) model and exponential smoothing model were used for prediction and comparative analysis. Finally, the model with the best fitting effect was selected. The average relative errors of ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,0)12 model, Holt-Winters multiplicative model and GM(1,1) were 0.096, 0.058 and 0.274 separately. The fitting effect of GM model is the worst, while the fitting effect of ARIMA(0,1,1) (0,1,0)12 model and Holt-Winters multiplication model is relatively good, which can be basically used for prediction. Holt-Winters multiplicative model has the best fitting effect and the highest accuracy in predicting the number of pesticide poisoning. The numbers of pesticide poisonings in the next 3 years are 454, 410 and 368, with a total of 1232, according to the Holt-Winters multiplicative model. Through the prediction of the number of pesticide poisoning in the next 3 years, this paper also provides a basis for the formulation of pesticide-related policies in the future.
Regional Anesthesia for Lumbar Spine Surgery: Can It Be a Standard in the Future?

This paper is an overview of various features of regional anesthesia (RA) and aims to introduce spine surgeons unfamiliar with RA. RA is commonly used for procedures that involve the lower extremities, perineum, pelvic girdle, or lower abdomen. However, general anesthesia (GA) is preferred and most commonly used for lumbar spine surgery. Spinal anesthesia (SA) and epidural anesthesia (EA) are the most commonly used RA methods, and a combined method of SA and EA (CSE). Compared to GA, RA offers numerous benefits including reduced intraoperative blood loss, arterial and venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, perioperative cardiac ischemic incidents, renal failure, hypoxic episodes in the postanesthetic care unit, postoperative morbidity and mortality, and decreased incidence of cognitive dysfunction. In spine surgery, RA is associated with lower pain scores, postoperative nausea and vomiting, positioning injuries, shorter anesthesia time, and higher patient satisfaction. Currently, RA is mostly used in short lumbar spine surgeries. However, recent findings illustrate the possibility of applying RA in spinal tumors and spinal fusion. Various researches reveal that SA is an effective alternative to GA with lower minor complications incidence. Comprehensive insight on RA will promote spine surgery under RA, thereby broadening the horizon of spine surgery under RA.
Climate change impacts on farmland value in Bangladesh

Many studies have examined the effects of climate change on farmland value in developed countries, but our understanding of the impact of climate change on farmland value is still very limited, especially in developing countries. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of climate change on farmland value in Bangladesh using the Ricardian model. Household-level data collected from seven selected agroecological zones in Bangladesh were used to estimate the relationships among farmland value and long-term climate, farm household, and policy variables. The results showed that the current land values of farmers are sensitive to climate. A new variable called "flooding" was added to the Ricardian model, and the results indicated that floods are responsible for reductions in farmland value, especially in lowland areas. Among the socio-economic variables, the availability of extension services and access to irrigation facilities were positively correlated with farmland value. The estimated marginal impact results suggested that increases in temperature were associated with losses in small farmland value, whereas the precipitation levels in both seasons positively influenced farmland value. Selected global climate models predicted that climate change would have a negative impact on land value depending on the climate model and source of farm income. The empirical findings obtained from this study are expected to contribute to the formulation of sustainable adaptation strategies to maintain farm productivity and farmland value in Bangladesh in the context of climate change.
Multiscale modelling of Potts shunt as a potential palliative treatment for suprasystemic idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension: a paediatric case study

Potts shunt (PS) was suggested as palliation for patients with suprasystemic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and right ventricular (RV) failure. PS, however, can result in poorly understood mortality. Here, a patient-specific geometrical multiscale model of PAH physiology and PS is developed for a paediatric PAH patient with stent-based PS. In the model, 7.6mm-diameter PS produces near-equalisation of the aortic and PA pressures and [Formula: see text] (oxygenated vs deoxygenated blood flow) ratio of 0.72 associated with a 16% decrease of left ventricular (LV) output and 18% increase of RV output. The flow from LV to aortic arch branches increases by 16%, while LV contribution to the lower body flow decreases by 29%. Total flow in the descending aorta (DAo) increases by 18% due to RV contribution through the PS with flow into the distal PA branches decreasing. PS induces 18% increase of RV work due to its larger stroke volume pumped against lower afterload. Nonetheless, larger RV work does not lead to increased RV end-diastolic volume. Three-dimensional flow assessment demonstrates the PS jet impinging with a high velocity and wall shear stress on the opposite DAo wall with the most of the shunt flow being diverted to the DAo. Increasing the PS diameter from 5mm up to 10mm results in a nearly linear increase in post-operative shunt flow and a nearly linear decrease in shunt pressure-drop. In conclusion, this model reasonably represents patient-specific haemodynamics pre- and post-creation of the PS, providing insights into physiology of this complex condition, and presents a predictive tool that could be useful for clinical decision-making regarding suitability for PS in PAH patients with drug-resistant suprasystemic PAH.
Photochemistry and photophysics of cholesta-5,7,9(11)-trien-3β-ol: a fluorescent analogue of cholesterol

Cholesta-5,7,9(11)-trien-3β-ol (9,11-dehydroprovitamin D3, CTL) is used as a fluorescent probe to track the presence and migration of cholesterol in vivo. CTL is known to be photochemically active, but little consideration has been given to the formation efficiency and possible toxicity of its photoproducts. In degassed tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution, we isolated the photoproduct of CTL and of its 25-hydroxy derivative (HOCTL), and X-ray crystal structures were obtained for HOCTL and the photorearrangement product. The X-ray crystal structure and its 1H NMR spectrum confirm the product structure as a pentacyclic HOCTL isomer. In the presence of air in THF, endoperoxide formation via [2+4] addition of 1O2* across the B ring of CTL or HOCTL becomes the dominant photoreaction. The UV spectrum and decay kinetics of the triplet state of HOCTL, the precursor of 1O2*, are determined by transient absorption spectroscopy. We confirm the proposed structure of the endoperoxide by X-ray crystallography. Kinetics analysis of quantum yields provides rate constants for photophysical and photochemical events.
Bioluminescence and ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by oral biofilm in ICU during COVID-19 -Is there a possible relationship?

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has been claiming many lives in the intensive care unit (ICU) during COVID-19. Oral biofilm and bacterial contamination that can be passed on from the oral cavity to the lungs during endotracheal intubation has been found to be the main culprit. Bioluminescence-based assays are emerging as potential clinical diagnostics methods. Hence, we hypothesize that the bioluminescent imaging technique can be used in the ICU to determine the load of biofilm-associated with patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. Early detection of such infections and their management can effectively bring down mortality and influence the death rate in ICU caused due to VAP. Government agencies and policymakers should be made to take this issue of deaths in the ICU due to VAP more seriously and act judiciously to methods such as bioluminescence based on sound scientific evidence.
Performance and Failure Mechanism of Fire Barriers in Full-Scale Chair Mock-ups

The effectiveness and the failure mechanism of fire barriers in residential upholstered furniture were investigated by full-scale flaming tests on upholstered chair mock-ups. Six commercial fire barriers were tested in this study. Fire barriers were screened for (1) the presence of elements that are typically used in fire retardants and, (2) the presence of targeted fire retardants. For each fire barrier, triplicate flammability tests were run on chair mock-ups where polyurethane foam and polyester fiber fill were used as the padding materials, and each chair component was fully wrapped with the fire barrier of choice and a polypropylene cover fabric. The ignition source was an 18 kW square propane burner, impinging on the top surface of the seat cushion for 80 s. Results showed all six fire barriers reduced the peak heat release rate (as much as ≈ 64 %) and delayed its occurrence (up to ≈ 19 min) as compared to the control chair mock-ups. The heat release rate remained at a relatively low plateau level until liquid products (generated by either melting or pyrolysis of the padding material) percolated through the fire barrier at the bottom of the seat cushion and ignited, while the fire barrier was presumably intact. The flaming liquid products dripped and quickly formed a pool fire under the chair and the peak heat release rate occurred shortly thereafter. Ultimately, the ignition of the percolating liquid products at the bottom of the seat cushion was identified as the mechanism triggering the failure of the fire barrier.
Supply chain networks, wages, and labor productivity: insights from Lagrange. analysis and computations

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically demonstrated the importance of labor to supply chain network activities from production to distribution with shortfalls in labor availability, for numerous reasons, resulting in product shortages and the reduction of profits of firms. Even as progress has been made through vaccinations, issues associated with labor are still arising. Increasing wages is a strategy to enhance labor productivity and, also to ameliorate, in part, labor shortages, but has not, until this work, been explored in a full supply chain network context. Specifically, in this paper, a game theory supply chain network model is constructed of firms competing in producing a substitutable, but differentiated, product, and seeking to determine their equilibrium product path flows, as well as hourly wages to pay their workers, under fixed labor amounts associated with links, and wage-responsive productivity factors. The theoretical and computational approach utilizes the theory of variational inequalities. We first introduce a model without wage bounds on links and then extend it to include wage bounds. Lagrange analysis is conducted for the latter model, which yields interesting insights, as well as an alternative variational inequality formulation. A series of numerical examples reveals that firms can gain in terms of profits by being willing to pay higher wages, resulting in benefits also for their workers, as well as consumers, who enjoy lower demand market prices for the products. However, sensitivity analysis should be conducted to determine the range of such wage bounds. Ultimately, we observed, that the profits may decrease and then stabilize. This work adds to the literature on the integration of concepts from economics and operations research for supply chain networks and also has policy implications.
SUMOylation regulates the number and size of promyelocytic leukemia-nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) and arsenic perturbs SUMO dynamics on PML by insolubilizing PML in THP-1 cells

The functional roles of protein modification by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins are not well understood compared to ubiquitination. Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) proteins are good substrates for SUMOylation, and PML-nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) may function as a platform for the PML SUMOylation. PML proteins are rapidly modified both with SUMO2/3 and SUMO1 after exposure to arsenite (As3+) and SUMOylated PML are further ubiquitinated and degraded by proteasomes. However, effects of As3+ on SUMO dynamics on PML-NBs are not well investigated. In the present study, we report that (1) the number and size of PML-NBs were regulated by SUMO E1-activating enzyme, (2) SUMO2/3 co-localized with PML irrespective of As3+ exposure and was restricted to PML-nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) via covalent binding in response to As3+, and (3) As3+-induced biochemical changes in PML were not modulated by ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in THP-1 cells. Undifferentiated and differentiated THP-1 cells responded to As3+ similarly and PML proteins were changed from the detergent soluble to the insoluble form and further SUMOylated with SUMO2/3 and SUMO1. ML792, a SUMO E1 inhibitor, decreased the number of PML-NBs and reciprocally increased the size irrespective of exposure to As3+, which itself slightly decrease both the number and size of PML-NBs. TAK243, a ubiquitin E1 inhibitor, did not change the PML-NBs, while SUMOylated proteins accumulated in the TAK243-exposed cells. Proteasome inhibitors did not change the As3+-induced SUMOylation levels of PML. Co-localization and further restriction of SUMO2/3 to PML-NBs were confirmed by PML-transfected CHO-K1 cells. Collectively, SUMOylation regulates PML-NBs and As3+ restricts SUMO dynamics on PML by changing its solubility.