ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
RABEP1/Rabaptin5: a link between autophagy and early endosome homeostasis

Selective autophagy of damaged organelles assures maintenance of cellular homeostasis in eukaryotes. While the mechanisms by which cells selectively remove dysfunctional mitochondria, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and other organelles has been well characterized, little is known about specific autophagy of damaged early endosomes. In our recent study, we uncovered a new role for RABEP1/Rabaptin5, a long-established regulator of early endosome function, in targeting the autophagy machinery to early endosomes damaged by chloroquine or by internalized Salmonella via interaction with RB1CC1/FIP200 and ATG16L1.
Techno-economic analysis of off-grid solar/wind/biogas/biomass/fuel cell/battery system for electrification in a cluster of villages by HOMER software

Electrification of villages is a vital step for improving the techno-economic conditions of rural areas and crucial for the country's overall development. The villages' welfare is one of the main aims of the rural electrification programs. Rural electrification is relatively costly compared to electrification of urban areas. Now, the research question is to find the best combinations of HRES from the available resources in a given village location that can meet the electricity demand in a sustainable manner and to see whether this is a cost-effective solution or not. This study is an attempt to structure a model of electricity generation based on multiple combinations of HRES with the application of HOMER energy software at an identified off-grid village location in India. The main objectives of this study are to analyze the best-suited configuration of a hybrid RE system out of various combinations to meet the village load requirement reliably, continuously and sustainably. The study also reduces the total system net present cost and least cost of energy (COE) using multi-objective HOMER Pro software. In this study, a resource assessment and demand calculation have been carried out and the COE per unit has been ascertained for different systems and configurations. A combination of PV-Wind-Biomass-Biogas-FC along with battery has been identified as the cheapest and most dependable solution with a COE of $0.214/kWh.
Jordan toward a 100% renewable electricity system

Jordan has faced two major energy crises during the past two decades; the disruption of Iraqi's oil in 2003 and Egyptian's natural gas in 2011. Restructuring Jordan's electricity supply system became a national necessity to secure sustainable electricity at affordable prices. In this work, a 100% renewable electricity supply scenario is constructed and compared with three other scenarios, which contain a mix of natural gas, nuclear, oil shale and renewable energy, in terms of techno-economic feasibility, security of supply, and carbon dioxide emissions. All the proposed scenarios were found to be economically feasible. The cumulative discount production costs, over the coming thirty five years under different fuel prices assumption, is less than 80 billion dollars (2010 dollar) for all proposed scenario. In the 100% renewable electricity scenario, the country needs around 10.6 GW of concentrated solar power, 4.5 GW of wind, and 25 GW of photovoltaic to meet the demand in the year 2050 which are achievable in terms of energy resources. The dispatchability problem of the renewable scenario was solved by proposing a 90 GWh storage system (43 CSP plants, 250 MW each, 8 h storage). Furthermore, import dependency and CO2 emission will entirely disappear by 2050 in the renewable scenario. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effects of agriculture, renewable energy, and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions: Evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve

This study contributes to (1) discovering that carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are not directly influenced by modernisation; (2) attaining sustainable agriculture by incorporating renewable energy into the agriculture sector as an effective CO2 emissions mitigation measure; and (3) applying the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) to test the relationships among attributes in Malaysia. Prior studies have not addressed the associations between the release of CO2 and economic development, renewable energy, urbanisation, and agriculture in Malaysia. Hence, the objective of the study is to investigate the relationships of the emissions of CO2 and economic development, renewable energy, urbanisation, and agricultural subsectors, such as crops, livestock, and fisheries, in Malaysia for the period 1978 to 2016. By the utilisation of the autoregressive distributed lag test for cointegration, CO2 emissions significantly increased due to economic growth and urbanisation but insignificantly increased due to livestock in the long term. Crops, fisheries, and renewable energy significantly reduced emissions in this period. Moreover, this study reveals that the association between emissions of CO2 and economic development is an inverted U. This finding indicates that CO2 emissions eventually decrease despite the increase in CO2 emissions and economic development in the long term upon reaching a specific level of growth. These findings are consistent for Malaysia in terms of the EKC hypothesis.
Spatiotemporal characteristics and influential factors of eco-efficiency in Chinese prefecture-level cities: A spatial panel econometric analysis

Eco-efficiency, which emphasizes the significance of balancing the relationship between resource input, environmental pollution, and economic growth, has aroused extensive attention worldwide. China has seen profound economic growth in the past several decades, however, this has led to challenges for energy consumption growth and environmental issues (e.g., PM2.5 concentration). Improving eco-efficiency plays an important role in achieving sustainable development in China. Here, a novel evaluation framework of eco-efficiency is established by collecting satellite-derived data. Then, a hybrid distance model, named S-EBM with undesirable outputs, is applied to measure the eco-efficiency of Chinese 283 prefecture-level cities during the period 2003-2013. Finally, the spatial externality of eco-efficiency and its driving factors are examined by using a spatial Durbin model. Given that our results show the robustness in different spatial matrix settings, the research framework is applicable to the similar areas out of China (e.g., India). The empirical results show that: (1) eco-efficiency exhibits, by and large, a geographical gradual decrease trend from relatively developed areas to developing areas, however, a few exceptions indicate that a higher economic development level does not necessarily lead to a greater eco-efficiency, and vice versa; (2) estimation results of Moran's I index and hotspot analysis suggest that positive spatial autocorrelation of eco-efficiency is gradually increasing and the spatial distribution of statistically significant high and low agglomerations is changing over time; (3) The estimation results of the spatial Durbin model show that an increase in eco-efficiency in surrounding cities will improve the value of eco-efficiency in local cities; (4) The spatial externality of explanatory variables is also found, in which financial development, foreign direct investment, environmental regulation, and spatial urbanization level in neighboring cities impact the eco-efficiency in local cities. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
[Respiratory telerehabilitation in cases of COPD]

Telerehabilitation brings together a set of rehabilitation practices applied remotely by means of information and communication technologies. Even though it has been taking on increasing importance in many health fields over 10 years, telerehabilitation had yet to find its place in pulmonary rehabilitation before 2020, when the pandemic situation impelled numerous teams to put it to work. Pilot studies on respiratory diseases, primarily COPD, along with recent data from randomized or non-randomized studies, have enhanced our understanding of "remote" practice. In this review of the literature, we will show that pulmonary telerehabilitation is feasible, safe and likely to yield short-term (and possibly longer term) effects generally similar to those achieved in the pulmonary rehabilitation programs of specialized centers, especially as regards some indicators of exercise tolerance, dyspnea or patient quality of life. However, the number of studies and patients included in these programs remains too limited in terms of modalities, duration, long-term effects, or adaptations in case of exacerbation to be the subject of recommendations. The potential of respiratory telerehabilitation justifies continuing clinical trials and experiments, which need to be coordinated with the interventions characterizing a conventional program.
Exploring the role of cathepsin in rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease which is marked by leukocytes infiltration inside synovial tissue, joints and also inside synovial fluid which causes progressive destruction of joint cartilage. There are numerous genetical and lifestyle factors, responsible for rheumatoid arthritis. One such factor can be cysteine cathepsins, which act as proteolytic enzymes. These proteolytic enzyme gets activated at acidic pH and are found in lysosomes and are also termed as cysteine proteases. These proteases belong to papain family and have their elucidated role in musculoskeletal disorders. Numerous cathepsins have their targeted role in rheumatoid arthritis. These proteases are secreted through various cell types which includes matrix metalloproteases and papain like cysteine proteases. These proteases can potentially lead to bone and cartilage destruction which causes an immune response in case of inflammatory arthritis.
Socio-environmental conflicts: An underestimated threat to biodiversity conservation in Chile

Biodiversity is vital in the functioning of ecosystems, but it's permanently being threatened by anthropic impacts derived from productive activities. Thus, conservation has become a global challenge. In Chile, the dissociation between economic activities and conservation has triggered numerous socio-environmental conflicts in recent decades. This work explores how different projects that give rise to these conflicts can represent an underestimated threat to biodiversity. We identified socio-environmental conflicts in Chile and their associated projects by carrying out an online review of 1035 news articles published between 2004 and 2018 using the key words "environmental conflict". We selected articles describing a socio-environmental conflict between parties caused by a project or productive sector. Conflict-generating projects were classified by productive sector and capital origin. In addition, their geographical distribution with respect to High Conservation Value Areas (HCVAs, protected areas and priority sites for conservation) was determined. A total of 283 projects were identified from 14 different productive sectors, most of them related to energy and mining, which threaten biodiversity and human well-being mainly due to pollution and habitat destruction. Chilean companies finance most of the projects, but international companies finance over half of the energy and mining projects. Moreover, 37 % of the projects were located within HCVAs either for the establishment of future protected areas or where protected areas are currently established. As countries make new efforts to maintain and recover biodiversity, it is contradictory not to consider the threats posed by conflict-generating projects to key areas for conservation, both in public policies and in spatial planning instruments.
Analyzing the linkage between military spending, economic growth, and ecological footprint in Pakistan: evidence from cointegration and bootstrap causality

The ecological consequences of military spending is a hugely neglected area, and a veil of mystery surrounds this topic. The environmental threats posed by militaries remain insufficiently investigated in the name of national security. Prompted by the internal and external conflicts and prolonged military dictatorships, the Pakistani military assumes a role that goes beyond that of a traditional army. The current study addresses this significant gap in the literature by investigating the impacts of military spending on economic growth and the ecological footprint in Pakistan from 1971 to 2016 using the combined cointegration test and the bootstrap causality test. The findings of the study unveil a positive impact of military spending on the ecological footprint, while a negative impact on economic growth. The outcomes of the bootstrap causality test of Hacker and Hatemi-J (2012) highlight that economic growth Granger causes military spending, while causality runs from military spending to the ecological footprint. Energy consumption contributes to the ecological footprint and economic growth, whereas education expenditures do not influence economic growth and the environment in the long run. Further, the findings suggest a U-shaped link between GDP and footprint in Pakistan. The authorities should focus on resolving external and internal conflicts, on a priority basis, and reduce military spending to improve economic growth and the environment.
Dynamic common correlated effects of trade openness, FDI, and institutional performance on environmental quality: evidence from OIC countries

The study aims to address the dynamic common correlated effects of trade openness, FDI, and institutional performance on environmental quality in OIC countries. Mostly, pollutants like CO2 and SO2 emissions are considered as the environmental indicators. However, for this study, we have selected ecological footprint as the indicator of environmental quality. The new econometric approach Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (DCCE) by Chudik and Pesaran (2015) has been used to measure the cross-sectional dependence among cross-sectional units. Results confirm that previous techniques for long panel data, like MG and PMG, give ambiguous outcomes in the presence of cross-sectional dependence. According to DCCE estimation, trade openness, FDI, and urbanization have a positive and significant relationship with ecological footprint while a significant and negative association is found between institutional performance and ecological footprint. The OIC countries must encourage green technology, clean production, and improved institutions for sustainable development and better environmental quality.
The heterogeneity of renewable energy consumption, carbon emission and financial development in the globe: A panel quantile regression approach

The present study examines the heterogeneity of renewable energy consumption, Carbon dioxide emission and financial development in the global panel of 192 countries. Panel quantile regression has been used for tickling distributional and unobserved individual heterogeneity. The findings indicate that our variables in the model on each others are heterogeneous across quantiles. More specifically, the effect of renewable energy consumption on carbon emission is negative while financial development has increasing influence on carbon emission. Carbon emission decreases the use of renewable energy while financial development positively affects renewable energy consumption. The increasing effect of carbon emission and renewable energy consumption on financial development has also been found. Finally, the current study findings give important recommendations to policy makers. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Dominance in a socially dynamic setting: hierarchical structure and conflict dynamics in ravens' foraging groups

Dominance hierarchies typically emerge in systems where group members regularly encounter and compete for resources. In birds, the 'open' and dynamic structure of foraging groups may prevent the emergence of structured hierarchies, although this assumption have hardly been tested. We report on agonistic data for ravens Corvus corax, collected over two 18-month periods for 183 marked individuals of a wild (fluid) population and 51 birds from six captive (stable) groups. We show that the dominance structure (steep and transitive) in wild foraging groups is strikingly similar to that found in captivity. In the wild, we found that higher ranks are mainly occupied by males, older and more aggressive individuals that also tend to receive fewer aggressions. Exploring the mechanisms sustaining the wild dominance structure, we confirmed that males are more aggressive than females and, with age, tend to receive fewer aggressions than females. Males that are about to leave the foraging groups for some months are less aggressive than newcomers or locals, while newcomers are specifically targeted by aggressions in their first year (as juveniles). Taken together, our results indicate that the socially dynamic conditions ravens face during foraging do not hinder, but provide opportunities for, using (advanced) social cognition. This article is part of the theme issue 'The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies'.
Review on molnupiravir as a promising oral drug for the treatment of COVID-19

During the COVID-19 pandemic, various drug candidates have been developed, molnupiravir (MK-4482 and EIDD-2801), which is a new orally anti-viral agent under development for the treatment of COVID-19, is under study in the final stage of the clinical trial. Molnupiravir enhances the replication of viral RNA mutations in animals and humans. Due to the high demand for the synthesis of this drug, it was essential to develop an efficient and suitable synthetic pathway from raw material. In this study, molecular docking analysis on molnupiravir is examined also, the mechanism of action (MOA) and the recent synthetic pathway is reported. This review will be helpful to different disciplines such as medicinal chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology.
Robust bidding strategy for demand response aggregators in electricity market based on game theory

One of the ways to manage and provide flexibility in power systems is demand response (DR). A large number of end-users as DR sources must be aggregated by an intermediate entity called DR aggregator. This paper proposes an approach based on game theory to obtain the best bidding strategy of DR aggregators in electricity market. In the presented scheme, an economic responsive load model is employed for DR approach which is based on customer benefit function and price elasticity. In this paper, the network operator receives DR services from the DR aggregator. It is considered that all bids from aggregators are assembled by a network operator which calculates the share of each aggregator in DR programs by revenue function optimization. Furthermore, the network operator offers rewards to DR aggregators to achieve this purpose. The robust optimization (RO) method is used handling price uncertainty. It is used to optimize the robustness of the decision-making strategies. A non-cooperative game is used to model the competition among DR aggregators. The Nash equilibrium idea is employed to solve this game. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Measuring regional transport sustainability using super-efficiency SBM-DEA with weighting preference

The development of transportation sector promotes China's rapid economic growth, but also brings a negative impact to China's society and environment such as pollution and energy waste. However, limited attention has been paid to China's transportation system, especially in terms of transport sustainability evaluation at a regional level. In this study, we first propose a new indicator system that involves systematic, economic, social and environmental indicators for measuring regional transport sustainability. Then, we propose an improved super-efficiency slacks-based measure DEA (SBM-DEA) model with weighting preference to evaluate the regional transport sustainability efficiency. An empirical application to measuring transport sustainability in Shaanxi province, China, during the period of 2000-2015 is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. The empirical results show that Shaanxi's transport sustainability over half of the years is inefficient and its main reason is that the efficiency of environmental and social dimensions is low. Compared the result with that obtained by the SBM-DEA model without weighting preference, the number of effective decision-making units is reduced by the proposed DEA model. Computational results show that the evaluation result is generally in line with the reality. (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Acquisition of microvascular suturing techniques is feasible using objective measures of performance outside of the operating room

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a microsurgical simulation course on a group of novice surgeons. The study also aimed to see whether a device to measure manual dexterity (Imperial College Surgical Assessment Device, ICSAD), a global rating scale and an end product assessment tool could be used to objectively measure performance. Thirty surgeons were recruited to take part and were evenly split into novice, intermediate, and expert groups. The novice group took part in a one-week microsurgical course. The assessment of performance was done with the surgeon anastomosing a harvested rat aorta. They were assessed using ICSAD, which records number of hand movements, distance moved by hands and time. The assessment was also video recorded and later watched by two assessors. The procedure performance was scored using a global rating scale and the final anastomosis was scored using an end product assessment tool. The novice surgeons took the assessment at the beginning and at the end of the course. The intermediate and expert group performed the assessment once to use as a comparison to the novice group. By the end of the course the novices performed significantly better in all parameters in comparison to their pre course assessment. The novice group performed similarly to the expert group in their end of course assessment in four out of the five assessment parameters. Simulation using objective measures of performance can be used to effectively to train a group of novice microsurgeons.
Long-term (1870-2018) drought reconstruction in context of surface water security in India

Droughts in India affect food production, gross domestic product (GDP), livelihood, and socio-economic condition of a large population associated with agriculture. Recent drought (2015-2018) caused groundwater depletion and affected about one-fourth of the Indian population. However, it remains unclear if the drought of 2015-2018 was among the most severe droughts that occurred in India. Here we use a long-term (1870-2018) data to identify the top five ("deadly") meteorological/hydrological droughts based on overall severity score in the last century and half period. Out of a total of 18 meteorological droughts, the deadly droughts occurred in 1899, 1876, 2000, 1918, and 1965. Similarly, the deadly hydrological droughts occurred in 1899, 2000, 1876, 1965, and 1918 during 1870-2018. All the five deadly droughts were associated with the positive phase of El Nino Southern Oscillations (ENSO). Results show that the relationship between ENSO and monsoon (June to September) precipitation in India has weakened while the role of Indian and Atlantic Oceans have strengthened during the recent decades. Notwithstanding the longest (41 months) duration, the 2015-2018 drought did not feature among the deadly droughts. The 2015-2018 drought affected surface (reservoir storage) and groundwater availability in both southern and northern parts of India and was linked to El-Nino and Indian Ocean Dipole. Droughts and rapidly declining groundwater together can pose serious challenges to water security in India.