ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Integrative Serum Metabolic Fingerprints Based Multi-Modal Platforms for Lung Adenocarcinoma Early Detection and Pulmonary Nodule Classification

Identification of novel non-invasive biomarkers is critical for the early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), especially for the accurate classification of pulmonary nodule. Here, a multiplexed assay is developed on an optimized nanoparticle-based laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry platform for the sensitive and selective detection of serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs). Integrative SMFs based multi-modal platforms are constructed for the early detection of LUAD and the classification of pulmonary nodule. The dual modal model, metabolic fingerprints with protein tumor marker neural network (MP-NN), integrating SMFs with protein tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) via deep learning, shows superior performance compared with the single modal model Met-NN (p < 0.001). Based on MP-NN, the tri modal model MPI-RF integrating SMFs, tumor marker CEA, and image features via random forest demonstrates significantly higher performance than the clinical models (Mayo Clinic and Veterans Affairs) and the image artificial intelligence in pulmonary nodule classification (p < 0.001). The developed platforms would be promising tools for LUAD screening and pulmonary nodule management, paving the conceptual and practical foundation for the clinical application of omics tools.
Enhancement of Sensitivity in AlGaN/GaN HEMT Based Sensor Using Back-Barrier Technique

In the state of the art, most of the Gallium Nitride (GaN) High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) based sensors provide current readout rather than voltage readout. Further, to improve the sensitivity, surface side optimization has been done rather than epi-layer optimization. In this paper, a back-barrier (epi-layer) technique is proposed to improve the sensitivity of the GaN based sensor. To measure the sensitivity, voltage readout is used as it provides better sensitivity than that of a current readout. SILVACO ATLAS Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) is used to analyze the performance of the proposed technique. In order to perform a realistic simulation, the TCAD simulation is validated with measured data. The proposed back-barrier technique in the GaN HEMT is shown to improve the sensitivity by 14% as compared to the state of the art. Therefore, the use of the proposed back-barrier technique is considered promising for the GaN HEMT based sensors.
Antimicrobial Weapons of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a robust and versatile organism capable of surviving and prospering in a diverse array of environments and is an opportunistic pathogen of humans. One reason for the success of this pathogen is the large arsenal of antimicrobial weapons that it possesses. Here we focus our attention on these antimicrobial weapons and how they give P. aeruginosa a survival edge in polymicrobial environments. We define antimicrobial weapons as components produced by P. aeruginosa that are used to kill, inhibit growth and/or subvert key cellular functions in other microbes. P. aeruginosa has a large and complex genome and encodes an armament of antimicrobial weapons that fall into two subclasses; those that are delivered directly to competing microbes using a contact-dependent method, and those that are secreted in a contact-independent manner into the environment to then be available to target neighbouring cells. This chapter provides an overview of the major antimicrobial weapons possessed by P. aeruginosa, captures recent advances in the field and discusses how these could be targeted as a therapeutic intervention, or potentially harnessed to combat infection.
IFRAD: A Fast Feature Descriptor for Remote Sensing Images

Feature description is a necessary process for implementing feature-based remote sensing applications. Due to the limited resources in satellite platforms and the considerable amount of image data, feature description-which is a process before feature matching-has to be fast and reliable. Currently, the state-of-the-art feature description methods are time-consuming as they need to quantitatively describe the detected features according to the surrounding gradients or pixels. Here, we propose a novel feature descriptor called Inter-Feature Relative Azimuth and Distance (IFRAD), which will describe a feature according to its relation to other features in an image. The IFRAD will be utilized after detecting some FAST-alike features: it first selects some stable features according to criteria, then calculates their relationships, such as their relative distances and azimuths, followed by describing the relationships according to some regulations, making them distinguishable while keeping affine-invariance to some extent. Finally, a special feature-similarity evaluator is designed to match features in two images. Compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed method has significant improvements in computational efficiency at the expense of reasonable reductions in scale invariance.
[A collaborative project to improve emergency room admissions through codesign]

Design is a project approach that is gradually opening up in the hospital sector with the ambition of contributing to the improvement of hospitality for the benefit of patients and caregivers. This is the challenge taken up by the University Hospital of Montpellier (34) by creating an experimental project that integrates design practices in the emergency room.
Adherence with early allied health assessments in specialist burn services

Appropriate multidisciplinary allied health assessment during the early stages of admission following burn injury positively influences recovery and quality of life. Variation in allied health care may affect patient outcomes. We aimed to explore adherence in providing early allied health assessments in accordance with local parameters. Associations between the number of assessments and hospital length of stay (LOS) were also explored. The Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand was queried for adult (≥ 16 years) burn injured patients admitted to a specialist burn service for > 48 hours between July 2016 and June 2020. Quality indicator data relating to allied health assessment processes were examined; patients were grouped according to the number of assessments they received within 48 hours of admission. Of the 5789 patients included in the study, 5598 (97%) received at least one allied health assessment within 48 hours of admission and 3976 (69%) received all three assessments. A greater proportion of patients who received no assessments were admitted on a Saturday. Patients receiving three assessments had more severe injuries compared to their counterparts who received fewer assessments. Hospital LOS was not associated with the number of allied health assessments during an acute admission following burn injury after accounting for confounding factors, particularly TBSA. Multidisciplinary allied health teams provide routine burn care to Australian and New Zealand burns patients at a consistent level. Further, this study provides evidence that allied health input is prioritised towards patients with increasing severity of burn injury, playing an integral role in early rehabilitation.
Medial femoral condyle free flap for carpo-metacarpal instability following hamate comminute fracture

Complete reconstruction of the hamate bone has been reported in the literature mostly following cancer excision or avascular necrosis. For the exiguity of the tissue deficit, bone grafting has usually been used as treatment option for its rapidity and easiness to perform, even if a variable amount of bone resorption may occur. In traumatic cases, microbial contamination may jeopardize the success of a well performed bone graft and vascularised bone grafts may represent a better reconstructive option. Here we describe the first case reported in the literature of a patient underwent complete hamate reconstruction following trauma with an osseous medial femoral condyle free flap as vascularized arthrodesis between the capitate and the 4th MTC base, in order to stabilize the 4th and 5th finger and the ulnar carpo-metacarpal joint.
List Scheduling Algorithm for Heterogeneous Systems by an Optimistic Cost Table

Efficient application scheduling algorithms are important for obtaining high performance in heterogeneous computing systems. In this paper, we present a novel list-based scheduling algorithm called Predict Earliest Finish Time (PEFT) for heterogeneous computing systems. The algorithm has the same time complexity as the state-of-the-art algorithm for the same purpose, that is, O(v(2).p) for v tasks and p processors, but offers significant makespan improvements by introducing a look-ahead feature without increasing the time complexity associated with computation of an optimistic cost table (OCT). The calculated value is an optimistic cost because processor availability is not considered in the computation. Our algorithm is only based on an OCT that is used to rank tasks and for processor selection. The analysis and experiments based on randomly generated graphs with various characteristics and graphs of real-world applications show that the PEFT algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art list-based algorithms for heterogeneous systems in terms of schedule length ratio, efficiency, and frequency of best results.
Potential effects of particulate matter from combustion during services on human health and on works of art in medieval churches in Cyprus

Indoor and outdoor particulate matter (PM(0.3-10)) number concentrations were established in two medieval churches in Cyprus. In both churches incense was burnt occasionally during Mass. The highest indoor PM(0.5-1) concentrations compared with outdoors (10.7 times higher) were observed in the church that burning of candles indoors was allowed. Peak indoor black carbon concentration was 6.8 mu g m(-3) in the instances that incense was burning and 13.4 mu g m(-3) in the instances that the candles were burning (outdoor levels ranged between 0.6 and 1.3 mu g m(-3)). From the water soluble inorganic components determined in PM(10), calcium prevailed in all samples indoors or outdoors, whilst high potassium concentration indoors were a clear marker of combustion. Indoor sources of PM were clearly identified and their emission strengths were estimated via modeling of the results. Indoor estimated PM(0.3-10) mass concentrations exceeded air quality standards for human health protection and for the preservation of works of art. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Inter-examiner reliability of the Doha agreement meeting classification system of groin pain in male athletes

The Doha agreement classification is used to classify groin pain in athletes. We evaluated the inter-examiner reliability of this classification system. We prospectively recruited 48 male athletes (66 symptomatic sides) with groin pain between 10-2017 and 03-2020 at a sports medicine hospital in Qatar. Two examiners (23 and 10 years of clinical experience) performed history taking, and a standardized clinical examination blinded to each other's findings. Examiners classified groin pain using the Doha agreement terminology (adductor-, inguinal-, iliopsoas-, pubic-, hip-related groin pain, or other causes of groin pain). Multiple entities were ranked in order of perceived clinical importance. Each side was classified separately for bilateral groin pain. Inter-examiner reliability was calculated using Cohen's Kappa statistic (κ). Inter-examiner reliability was slight to moderate for adductor- (κ = 0.40), inguinal- (κ = 0.44), iliopsoas- (κ = 0.57), and pubic-related groin pain (κ = 0.12), substantial for hip-related groin pain (κ = 0.62), and slight for "other causes of groin pain" (κ = 0.13). Ranking entities in order of perceived clinical importance improved inter-examiner reliability for adductor-, inguinal-, and iliopsoas-related groin pain (κ = 0.52-0.65), but not for pubic (κ = 0.12), hip (κ = 0.51), and "other causes of groin pain" (κ = 0.03). For participants with unilateral groin pain classified with a single entity (n = 7), there was 100% agreement between the two examiners. Inter-examiner reliability of the Doha agreement meeting classification system varied from slight to substantial, depending on the clinical entity. Agreement between examiners was perfect when athletes were classified with a single clinical entity of groin pain, but lower when athletes were classified with multiple clinical entities.
A Joint Learning Framework With BERT for Spoken Language Understanding

Intent classification and slot filling are two essential tasks for spoken language understanding. Recently, joint learning has been shown to be effective for the two tasks. However, most joint learning methods only consider joint learning using shared parameters on the surface level rather than the semantic level, and these methods suffer from small-scale human-labeled training data, resulting in poor generalization capabilities, especially for rare words. In this paper, we propose a novel encoder-decoder framework based multi-task learning model, which conducts joint training for intent classification and slot filling tasks. For the encoder of our model, we encode the input sequence as context representations using bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT). For the decoder, we implement two-stage decoder process in our model. In the first stage, we use an intent classification decoder to detect the user's intent. In the second stage, we leverage the intent contextual information into the slot filling decoder to predict the semantic concept tags for each word. We conduct experiments on three popular benchmark datasets: ATIS, Snips and Facebook multilingual task-oriented datasets. The experimental results show that our proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches and achieves new state-of-the-art results on both three datasets.
Taxonomy, phylogeny and molecular epidemiology of Echinococcus multilocularis: From fundamental knowledge to health ecology

Alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis, is one of the most severe parasitic diseases in humans and represents one of the 17 neglected diseases prioritised by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2012. Considering the major medical and veterinary importance of this parasite, the phylogeny of the genus Echinococcus is of considerable importance; yet, despite numerous efforts with both mitochondrial and nuclear data, it has remained unresolved. The genus is clearly complex, and this is one of the reasons for the incomplete understanding of its taxonomy. Although taxonomic studies have recognised E. multilocularis as a separate entity from the Echinococcus granulosus complex and other members of the genus, it would be premature to draw firm conclusions about the taxonomy of the genus before the phylogeny of the whole genus is fully resolved. The recent sequencing of E. multilocularis and E. granulosus genomes opens new possibilities for performing in-depth phylogenetic analyses. In addition, whole genome data provide the possibility of inferring phylogenies based on a large number of functional genes, i.e. genes that trace the evolutionary history of adaptation in E. multilocularis and other members of the genus. Moreover, genomic data open new avenues for studying the molecular epidemiology of E. multilocularis: genotyping studies with larger panels of genetic markers allow the genetic diversity and spatial dynamics of parasites to be evaluated with greater precision. There is an urgent need for international coordination of genotyping of E. multilocularis isolates from animals and human patients. This could be fundamental for a better understanding of the transmission of alveolar echinococcosis and for designing efficient healthcare strategies.
Therapeutic effects of JLX001 on neuronal necroptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats

In recent years, more attention has been given to novel patterns of cell death observed during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Necroptosis is a regulable secondary cell death pathway; necroptosis is different from traditional forms of cell death, and it is regulated by the RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL signaling pathway. JLX001 is the double hydrochloride of the natural compound cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D). Previous studies have confirmed that CVB-D exerts a significant effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and that JLX001 can reduce ischemic brain injury by inhibiting cell apoptosis. For the first time, this project explored the in vivo and in vitro inhibitory effects of the therapeutic administration of JLX001 on the neuronal necroptosis caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). The middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was used to simulate I/R injury in rats in vivo, and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) was used to simulate I/R injury in vitro. After the administration of JLX001, the relative expression of necroptosis-related molecules was measured by ELISA, RT-PCR, HE staining, immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The results showed that JLX001 significantly reduced pathological damage and the cerebral infarction rate in rat brain tissues, and the expression of neuronal necroptosis-related molecules was reduced, suggesting that JLX001 may regulate CIRI through the classic RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL necroptosis pathway.
Immunohistochemical localisation and effect of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors on canine spontaneous periodontitis

Periodontitis is commonly observed in dogs. In human medicine, it is well documented that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in the destruction of the periodontium. Therefore, the aim of this prospective study was to investigate the impact of MMPs and their inhibitors, the TIMPs (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases), on canine periodontitis. The oral cavities of 57 dogs were examined clinically and radiologically. Gingival biopsies were obtained from the examined dogs and histologically analysed via haematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Immunohistological detection of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8 and MMP-9 as well as TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 was performed by the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex technique. All sections were evaluated by light microscopy. Statistically significant positive correlations were detected between the histologically verified degree of inflammation and the expression of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8 and MMP-9 as well as between changes in collagen fibre content and the occurrence of MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9. Concerning TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, non-significant, generally negative correlations were observed. In summary, in canine periodontitis, an increased expression of the above mentioned MMPs and a tendentially decreased expression of TIMPs are present. In conclusion, in canine periodontitis, a MMP-TIMP imbalance is suggestive of contributing to the destruction of the periodontium.
Understanding oxide degradation mechanisms in ultra-thin SiO2 through high-speed, high-resolution in-situ measurements

A model is proposed and validated for the degradation mechanisms occurring in ultra-thin SiO2 at real operation conditions, based on high-resolution, high-speed in-situ measurements. This state-of-the-art set-up proves that oxide degradation still occurs at low stress conditions and allows distinguishing quantitatively the SILC-contribution from the contribution due to trapping.
Efficacy and safety of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine against COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Although plenty of clinical trials have confirmed the efficacy and safety of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (ITCWM) against COVID-19, the role of ITCWM remains controversial. So we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies in eight major databases that report the outcomes of interest in COVID-19 patients receiving ITCWM. RevMan5.4 software was used for meta-analysis, while the quality of RCTs was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the retrospective studies were assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Eventually, a total of 53 studies with 5425 COVID-19 patients was identified. The meta-analysis results showed that ITCWM was significantly better than western medicine treatment (WMT) alone in the percentage of cases changing to severe/critical [RR = 0.40, 95%CI (0.33, 0.49), p < .00001, I2 = 10%], overall clinical effectiveness [RR = 1.26, 95% CI (1.18, 1.35), p < .00001, I2 = 50%], time to defervescencer [MD = -1.45, 95% CI (-1.82, -1.07), p < .00001, I2 = 83%], disappearing time of cough [MD = -2.11, 95% CI (-2.98, -1.25), p < .00001, I2 = 93%], time of RT-PCR negativity [MD = -3.35, 95% CI (-4.74, -1.95), p < .00001, I2 = 92%], length of hospital stay [MD = -4.05, 95% CI (-5.24, -2.85), p < .00001, I2 = 91%], improvement in CT scan [RR = 1.22, 95% CI (1.17, 1.28), p < .00001, I2 = 46%], TCM syndrome score [MD = -3.95, 95% CI (-5.07, -2.82), p < .00001, I2 = 92%], disappearance rate of fever [RR = 1.23, 95% CI (1.10, 1.38), p < .00001, I2 = 85%], disappearance rate of cough [RR = 1.43, 95% CI (1.25, 1.63), p < .00001, I2 = 60%], level of CRP [MD = -9.23, 95% CI (-10.94, -7.52), p < .00001, I2 = 97%], and WBC [MD = -9.23, 95% CI (-10.94, -7.52), p < .00001, I2 = 97%]. There is no significant difference between ITCWM and WMT in the adverse reaction rate [RR = 0.85, 95% CI(0.71, 1.03), p = .10, I2 = 25%]. Our results showed evidence of clinical efficacy and safety benefit in COVID-19 patients treated with ITCWM. In spite of some limitations, the rapidly developing global pandemic warrants further high-quality and multicenter clinical studies to confirm the contribution of ITCWM.
Paint with stitches: a style definition and image-based rendering method for random-needle embroidery

Random-needle Embroidery is a graceful Chinese art designated as Intangible Cultural Heritage, which "draws" beautiful images with thousands of free-form threads. In this paper, we explore techniques for automatically translating an input image into an art image with the random-needle style. The key idea is to generate rendering primitives of this art first, from which the corresponding dictionary is learned to further sparsely code the contents in the input image. To this end, we first define the artistic style of Random-needle Embroidery by introducing the notion of "stitch", i.e., collection of threads arranged in a certain pattern, as the basic rendering primitive. Then, we adopt sparse coding to generate a stitch dictionary which gives a compact representation of the generated stitches. During runtime, new and more image content-adaptive stitches can be synthesized by optimizing a linear combination of stitch dictionary atoms via sparse representation. Then, the synthesized stitches are placed on the canvas sequentially and connected to adjacent stitches by stitch quilting. After placing all the stitches, a blank filling strategy is proposed and adopted to fill the uncovered areas on the canvas. The experimental results show our method can generate engaging images with the random-needle style. Moreover, our rendering image is better than those obtained by using two other state-of-the art methods.