ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Blame it on the Drug: A Rare Case of Recurrent Doxycycline-Induced Pancreatitis

Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic that belongs to the tetracycline class. It is a relatively safe medication with reported side effects being gastrointestinal symptoms, bone and teeth discoloration, photosensitivity, and renal toxicity. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an uncommon adverse effect with only a few reported cases in the literature. Despite tetracyclines being labeled as a probable causative agent of drug-induced pancreatitis (DIP), doxycycline has been rarely implicated. Herein we present the case of a 65-year-old patient who developed recurrent doxycycline-induced pancreatitis after she was inadvertently started on the medication for community-acquired pneumonia. The most common causes of pancreatitis were ruled out during her hospital admission and she was subsequently diagnosed with DIP. She was successfully treated with the cessation of the offending agent and with supportive therapy. It is critical that clinicians are aware of the possible association between doxycycline and pancreatitis to further aid in the prompt diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
Hybrid Automatic Lung Segmentation on Chest CT Scans

Accurate lung segmentation in chest Computed Tomography (CT) scans is a challenging problem because of variations in lung volume shape, susceptibility to partial volume effects that affect thin antero-posterior junction lines, and lack of contrast between the lung and surrounding tissues. To address the need for a robust method for lung segmentation, we present a new method, called Pixel-based two-Scan Connected Component Labeling-Convex Hull-Closed Principal Curve method (PSCCL-CH-CPC), which automatically detects lung boundaries, and surpasses state-of-the-art performance. The proposed method has two main steps: 1) an image preprocessing step to extract coarse lung contours, and 2) a refinement step to refine the coarse segmentation result on the basis of the improved principal curve model and the machine learning model. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good performance, with a Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) as high as 98.21%. When compared with state-of-the-art methods, our proposed method achieved superior segmentation results, with an average DSC of 96.9%.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Adults and Adolescents with Patellofemoral Pain: A Systematic Review of Content Validity and Feasibility Using the COSMIN Methodology

OBJECTIVE: To assess the content validity and feasibility of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to assess pain and function in adults and adolescents with patellofemoral pain (PFP). DESIGN: Systematic review. LITERATURE SEARCH: We searched the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane Library from inception to January 6, 2022. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included studies that described the development or evaluation of the content validity of English-language PROMs for PFP, as well as their translations and cultural adaptations to different languages. DATA SYNTHESIS: Using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology, we determined overall ratings and quality of evidence for the relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility of PROMs. We extracted data related to feasibility for clinical use (eg, administration time and scoring ease). RESULTS: Forty-three studies for 33 PROMs were included. The overall quality of most studies was "inadequate" due to failure to engage stakeholders and/or ensure adherence to rigorous qualitative research procedures. Of all PROMs evaluated, the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-Patellofemoral subscale (KOOS-PF), was the only PROM with sufficient content validity components. Quality of evidence for content validity of the KOOS-PF was low. Most PROMs were rated feasible for clinical and research purposes. CONCLUSION: Most PROMs used to measure pain and function in patients with PFP have inadequate content validity. The KOOS-PF had the highest overall content validity. We recommend the KOOS-PF for evaluating pain and function (in research and clinical practice) in adults and adolescents with PFP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(1):23-39. Epub: 18 October 2022. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.11317.
Metabology: Analysis of metabolomics data using community ecology tools

Several areas such as microbiology, botany, and medicine use genetic information and computational tools to organize, classify and analyze data. However, only recently has it been possible to obtain the chemical ontology of metabolites computationally. The systematic classification of metabolites into classes opens the way for adapting methods that previously used genetic taxonomy to now accept chemical ontology. Community ecology tools are ideal for this adaptation as they have mature methods and enable exploratory data analysis with established statistical tools. This study introduces the Metabology approach, which transforms metabolites into an ecosystem where the metabolites (species) are related by chemical ontology. In the present work, we demonstrate the applicability of this new approach using publicly available data from a metabolomics study of human plasma that searched for prognostic markers of COVID-19, and in an untargeted metabolomics study carried out by our laboratory using Lasiodiplodia theobromae fungal pathogen supernatants.
Nanomaterials in anticancer applications and their mechanism of action - A review

The current challenges in cancer treatment using conventional therapies have made the emergence of nanotechnology with more advancements. The exponential growth of nanoscience has drawn to develop nanomaterials (NMs) with therapeutic activities. NMs have enormous potential in cancer treatment by altering the drug toxicity profile. Nanoparticles (NPs) with enhanced surface characteristics can diffuse more easily inside tumor cells, thus delivering an optimal concentration of drugs at tumor site while reducing the toxicity. Cancer cells can be targeted with greater affinity by utilizing NMs with tumor specific constituents. Furthermore, it bypasses the bottlenecks of indiscriminate biodistribution of the antitumor agent and high administration dosage. Here, we focus on the recent advances on the use of various nanomaterials for cancer treatment, including targeting cancer cell surfaces, tumor microenvironment (TME), organelles, and their mechanism of action. The paradigm shift in cancer management is achieved through the implementation of anticancer drug delivery using nano routes.
A Fully Polarity-Aware Double-Node-Upset-Resilient Latch Design

Due to aggressive scaling down, multiple-node-upset hardened design has become a major concern regarding radiation hardening. The proposed latch overcomes the architecture and performance limitations of state-of-the-art double-node-upset (DNU)-resilient latches. A novel stacked latch element is developed with multiple thresholds, regular architecture, increased number of single-event upset (SEU)-insensitive nodes, low power dissipation, and high robustness. The radiation-aware layout considering layout-level issues is also proposed. Compared with state-of-the-art DNU-resilient latches, simulation results show that the proposed latch exhibits up to 92% delay and 80% power reduction in data activity ratio (DAR) of 100%. The radiation simulation using the dual-double exponential current source model shows that the proposed latch has the strongest radiation-hardening capability among the other DNU-resilient latches.
Comparison of Virtual Management of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis to Traditional In-Person Care

Objective: Compare demographics, treatment, and follow-up rates for patients with complaints of vulvovaginitis suggestive of candida infection evaluated via e-visit, face-to-face (F2F) visits, or nurse-administered phone protocol. Methods: Manual review of 150 vaginitis visits of each visit type (e-visit, F2F, and phone protocol) completed between May 5, 2018 through January 31, 2020 by Mayo Clinic patients residing in Minnesota. Outcomes: Comparison between the three visit types of patient characteristics, treatment rates, type of treatment, follow-up rates, and types of follow-up. Results: Patients utilizing phone visits were significantly older than those seeking care via e-visit (p < 0.0001) or F2F (p = 0.001) and were more likely to be treated with oral fluconazole than those treated by e-visit (p < 0.0001) or F2F (p < 0.0001) encounters. Patients were significantly less likely to receive fungal directed treatment at a F2F visit than an e-visit (p < 0.0001) or phone encounter (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in follow-up rates between the three groups. Conclusion: Virtual visits (non-F2F) for suspected vulvovaginal candidiasis are unlikely to result in more follow-up visits than F2F encounters; however, prescriptions for antifungals are significantly higher with virtual visits.
Kartogenin-Conjugated Double-Network Hydrogel Combined with Stem Cell Transplantation and Tracing for Cartilage Repair

The effectiveness of existing tissue-engineering cartilage (TEC) is known to be hampered by weak integration of biocompatibility, biodegradation, mechanical strength, and microenvironment supplies. The strategy of hydrogel-based TEC holds considerable promise in circumventing these problems. Herein, a non-toxic, biodegradable, and mechanically optimized double-network (DN) hydrogel consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and kartogenin (KGN)-conjugated chitosan (CHI) is constructed using a simple soaking strategy. This PEG-CHI-KGN DN hydrogel possesses favorable architectures, suitable mechanics, remarkable cellular affinity, and sustained KGN release, which can facilitate the cartilage-specific genes expression and extracellular matrix secretion of peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PB-MSCs). Notably, after tracing the transplanted cells by detecting the rabbit sex-determining region Y-linked gene sequence, the allogeneic PB-MSCs are found to survive for even 3 months in the regenerated cartilage. Here, the long-term release of KGN is able to efficiently and persistently activate multiple genes and signaling pathways to promote the chondrogenesis, chondrocyte differentiation, and survival of PB-MSCs. Thus, the regenerated tissues exhibit well-matched histomorphology and biomechanical performance such as native cartilage. Consequently, it is believed this innovative work can expand the choice for developing the next generation of orthopedic implants in the loadbearing region of a living body.
Degeneration of biological heart valve grafts in a rat model of superoxide dismutase-3 deficiency

While oxidative stress is known as key element in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and calcific aortic valve disease, its role in the degeneration of biological cardiovascular grafts has not been clarified yet. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the impact of oxidative stress on the degeneration of biological cardiovascular allografts in a standardized chronic implantation model realized in rats exhibiting superoxide dismutase 3 deficiency (SOD3(-) ). Rats with SOD3 loss-of-function mutation (n = 24) underwent infrarenal implantation of cryopreserved valved aortic conduits, while SOD3-competent recipients served as controls (n = 28). After a follow-up period of 4 or 12 weeks, comparative analyses addressed degenerative processes, hemodynamics, and evaluation of the oxidative stress model. SOD3(-) rats presented decreased circulating SOD activity (p = .0079). After 12 weeks, 58% of the implant valves in SOD3(-) rats showed regurgitation (vs. 31% in controls, p = .2377). Intima hyperplasia and chondro-osteogenic transformation contributed to progressive graft calcification (p = .0024). At 12 weeks, hydroxyapatite deposition (p = .0198) and the gene expression of runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) (p = .0093) were significantly enhanced in group SOD3(-) . This study provides the first in vivo evidence that impaired systemic antioxidant activity contributes to biological cardiovascular graft degeneration.
Providers' Perceptions of Neurology Care Delivered Through Telemedicine Technology

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent acceleration of telemedicine usage allowed many neurologists to trial telemedicine for neurological care. The purpose of this study is to explore neurology providers' experiences with delivering telemedicine care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Semistructured video interviews were conducted with 27 neurology providers who practice at a single, urban academic center. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed for content and themes. Results: Five major themes were identified: virtual examination subspecialty differences, tips and tricks for the virtual examination, improved infrastructure needs, future technologies that could support the virtual examination, and preferences for the postpandemic telemedicine protocol. Subspecialists who described their visits as more focused on behavioral examination and obtaining patient history reported fewer limitations with delivering neurological care through telemedicine platforms. Conclusions: The implementation of a telemedicine system should reflect the needs of each neurology subspecialty. Funding is needed to improve logistical infrastructure for health providers' telemedicine visits, such as technical and administrative assistance, as well as creation and testing of technologies to support physical examination in the virtual environment.
Automatic music signal mixing system based on one-dimensional Wave-U-Net autoencoders

The purpose of this paper is to show a music mixing system that is capable of automatically mixing separate raw recordings with good quality regardless of the music genre. This work recalls selected methods for automatic audio mixing first. Then, a novel deep model based on one-dimensional Wave-U-Net autoencoders is proposed for automatic music mixing. The model is trained on a custom-prepared database. Mixes created using the proposed system are compared with amateur, state-of-the-art software, and professional mixes prepared by audio engineers. The results obtained prove that mixes created automatically by Wave-U-Net can objectively be evaluated as highly as mixes prepared professionally. This is also confirmed by the statistical analysis of the results of the conducted listening tests. Moreover, the results show a strong correlation between the experience of the listeners in mixing and the likelihood of a higher rating of the Wave-U-Net-based and professional mixes than the amateur ones or the mix prepared using state-of-the-art software. These results are also confirmed by the outcome of the similarity matrix-based analysis.
STUDY ON THE RELEVANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AND LOCAL IDENTITY BASED ON VISUAL IMAGERY

Many art creators are concerned about the importance of the environment and the maintenance of nature and use these as the background and motivation for their creation. Through this kind of thinking, many art creators reimagine an urban landscape that can balance nature and urban life. Therefore, through creation, they express their sighs that they are in an urban environment and want to create an urban environment with both nature and urban landscape so that the urban landscape can retain multiple elements. This study takes the public in Da Lian City of Liaoning Province as the research object. This study adopts experimental research, taking two groups of 300 people as experimental research objects to carry out experimental research on visual images. According to the results, the conclusion is put forward, expecting people to start from their hometown to every corner where garbage exists and gather more people who are concerned about their home environment to create together or to maintain the environment together.
New insights into cadmium tolerance and accumulation in tomato: Dissecting root and shoot responses using cross-genotype grafting

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most threatening soil and water contaminants in agricultural settings. In previous studies, we observed that Cd affects the metabolism and physiology of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants even after short-term exposure. The objective of this research was to use cross-genotype grafting to distinguish between root- and shoot-mediated responses of tomato genotypes with contrasting Cd tolerance at the early stages of Cd exposure. This study provides the first report of organ-specific contributions in two tomato genotypes with contrasting Cd tolerance: Solanum lycopersicum cv. Calabash Rouge and Solanum lycopersicum cv. Pusa Ruby (which have been classified and further characterized as sensitive (S) and tolerant (T) to Cd, respectively). Scion S was grafted onto rootstock S (S/S) and rootstock T (S/T), and scion T was grafted onto rootstock T (T/T) and rootstock S (T/S). A 35 μM cadmium chloride (CdCl2) treatment was used for stress induction in a hydroponic system. Both shoot and root contributions to Cd responses were observed, and they varied in a genotype- and/or organ-dependent manner for nutrient concentrations, oxidative stress parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and transporters gene expression. The findings overall provide evidence for the dominant role of the tolerant rootstock system in conferring reduced Cd uptake and accumulation. The lowest leaf Cd concentrations were observed in T/T (215.11 μg g-1 DW) and S/T (235.61 μg g-1 DW). Cadmium-induced decreases in leaf dry weight were observed only in T/S (-8.20%) and S/S (-13.89%), which also were the only graft combinations that showed decreases in chlorophyll content (-3.93% in T/S and -4.05% in S/S). Furthermore, the results show that reciprocal grafting is a fruitful approach for gaining insights into the organ-specific modulation of Cd tolerance and accumulation during the early stages of Cd exposure.
Early Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: What the Pediatricians Should Know

Autism is a spectrum disorder marked by considerable heterogeneity and characterized by impairments in the social communication domain along with the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors or interests. Comprehensive autism evaluation generally consists of assessments by a multidisciplinary team. Having multiple specialists in the evaluation team aids in diagnosis and in chalking out a comprehensive management plan. Diagnosis is generally based on detailed developmental history, clinical judgment, and the use of standardized diagnostic instruments. Differential diagnosis is complicated as many of the mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions that routinely coexist with autism also have some symptoms that overlap with autism. Several barriers are linked to delay in diagnosis including lack of comfort in diagnosing autism by primary care providers, delayed referrals, the inability of parents to raise critical developmental concerns, confusion of autism with other conditions, and health system that is not responsive to the needs of the underserved communities. The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex and still not completely understood; it involves genetics, neurobiology, and environmental exposures, leading to a diverse presentation of behaviors and symptoms. There is an imperative need to start therapeutic interventions as soon as a diagnosis of autism is suspected rather than wait for a definitive diagnosis. Early diagnosis is vital as timely intervention can lead to better outcomes for children and their families.
Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder Predispose Youth to Accelerated Atherosclerosis and Early Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

In the 2011 "Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents," several medical conditions among youth were identified that predispose to accelerated atherosclerosis and early cardiovascular disease (CVD), and risk stratification and management strategies for youth with these conditions were elaborated. Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) among youth satisfy the criteria set for, and therefore merit inclusion among, Expert Panel tier II moderate-risk conditions. The combined prevalence of MDD and BD among adolescents in the United States is ≈10%, at least 10 times greater than the prevalence of the existing moderate-risk conditions combined. The high prevalence of MDD and BD underscores the importance of positioning these diseases alongside other pediatric diseases previously identified as moderate risk for CVD. The overall objective of this statement is to increase awareness and recognition of MDD and BD among youth as moderate-risk conditions for early CVD. To achieve this objective, the primary specific aims of this statement are to (1) summarize evidence that MDD and BD are tier II moderate-risk conditions associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and early CVD and (2) position MDD and BD as tier II moderate-risk conditions that require the application of risk stratification and management strategies in accordance with Expert Panel recommendations. In this scientific statement, there is an integration of the various factors that putatively underlie the association of MDD and BD with CVD, including pathophysiological mechanisms, traditional CVD risk factors, behavioral and environmental factors, and psychiatric medications.
The Holocene humid period in the Nefud Desert: Hunters and herders in the Jebel Oraf palaeolake basin, Saudi Arabia

Archaeological surveys and excavations in the Jebel Oraf palaeolake basin, north-western Saudi Arabia, have identified a well-preserved early- to mid-Holocene landscape. Two types of occupation site can be distinguished: nine small and ephemeral scatters from single occupation phases on the slopes of sand dunes and three hearth sites indicative of repeated occupation on palaeolake shorelines. In addition, 245 rock art panels, 81 cairns, and 15 stone structures were recorded. This diverse dataset provides an opportunity to reconstruct occupation patterns and changes in landscape use. A particularly important site, Jebel Oraf 2, documents two episodes of lake high stands at ca. 6500 BC and 5300 BC, flooding parts of the locality. Neolithic pastoralists likely occupied the site after the end of the wet season, when the terrain was dry. Earlier sites are located in dune embayments some 7-14 m above the shore of the palaeolake. These locations are consistent with hunting strategies identifiable in the rock art that suggest wildlife was ambushed at watering places. Later rock art at Jebel Oraf also documents the hunting of wild camel in the Iron Age. The lithic industries documented in the Jebel Oraf basin support arguments of repeated contact with Levantine populations.