ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Plasticity in over-compensatory growth along an alpine meadow degradation gradient on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Over-compensatory growth of plants after disturbance is generally preferred by grassland users and managers because of more forage. How the grassland productivity and the plant growth condition before disturbance affect the compensatory growth are important for grazing management and the understanding of grassland degradation, yet they are not well understood. A clipping experiment was conducted on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to understand the compensatory growth and conditions for the occurrence of over-compensatory at alpine meadows with different degradation status. Results showed the competition for light constrains the plant growth post-clipping at non-degraded and slightly degraded alpine meadows, while the reduction of soil nitrogen limits it at heavily degraded alpine meadow. The biomass accumulated post-clipping was positively correlated with the growing season biomass in unclipped plots and the biomass at clipping in clipped plots. When the aboveground biomass at clipping was less than 40.10 g m-2 and the growing season biomass was between 38 and 97 g m-2, the over-compensatory growth of alpine meadow could occur. Higher clipping rate is required for the alpine meadow with high productivity but the maximum clipping rate should be less than 0.71 to induce the over-compensatory growth. Equal-compensatory occurred at non-degraded and slightly degraded, while over-compensatory growth was observed at moderately degraded and a marginally significant over-compensatory growth at heavily degraded alpine meadow. The over-compensatory growth occurred at moderately degraded alpine meadow is mainly due to the performance of forbs. Our results suggest that grazing at moderately degraded alpine meadow may induce the over-compensatory growth at the community level, but the over-compensatory growth of forbs at moderately degraded alpine meadow may aggravate the alpine meadow degradation.
A group arousal analysis based on the movement synchronization of audiences

Recent years have witnessed the rapid growth of performing arts in Korea as well as worldwide. Advances in performing arts technologies have allowed for a shift from one-way performances to interactive ones. The audience's arousal is one of the most important features in interactive performances. An audience consists of a group of people responding collectively to a stimulus. Here arousal is a critical factor influencing audience satisfaction and can be measured based on the audience's behavior. The total group arousal of an audience is formed by exchanging emotional effects with surroundings. In this regard, empirical approaches are not sufficient in comparison to various theoretical approaches to group arousal. Previous studies have generally evaluated group arousal by the sum of group members' emotions recognized from their faces, gestures, or voice. However, it is not easy to apply real-time data from individuals to performing arts. In addition, it is difficult to set sensors for audiences to retrieve human data. In this regard, this paper proposes a method for empirically measuring group arousal based on the rapid movement synchronization of a given group. In the proposed method, the extent to which each member's movement response is synchronized with differential images and histograms is measured first, and then group arousal is calculated by the degree of this synchronization. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through an experiment by setting a threshold for deciding whether there is a response to a stimulus. The experimental results for 15 groups indicate the accuracy of the proposed method to be 82 %.
Efficient Sentinel Mining Using Bitmaps on Modern Processors

This paper proposes a highly efficient bitmap-based approach for discovery of so-called sentinels. Sentinels represent schema level relationships between changes over time in certain measures in a multidimensional data cube. Sentinels are actionable and notify users based on previous observations, for example, that revenue might drop within two months if an increase in customer problems combined with a decrease in website traffic is observed. We significantly extend prior art by representing the sentinel mining problem by bitmap operations, using bitmapped encoding of so-called indication streams. We present a very efficient algorithm, SentBit, that is 2-3 orders of magnitude faster than the state of the art, and utilizes CPU specific instructions and the multicore architectures available on modern processors. The SentBit algorithm scales efficiently to very large data sets, which is verified by extensive experiments on both real and synthetic data.
Hierarchical Quatsome-RGD Nanoarchitectonic Surfaces for Enhanced Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion

The synthesis and study of the tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), the binding site of different extracellular matrix proteins, e.g., fibronectin and vitronectin, has allowed the production of a wide range of cell adhesive surfaces. Although the surface density and spacing of the RGD peptide at the nanoscale have already shown a significant influence on cell adhesion, the impact of its hierarchical nanostructure is still rather unexplored. Accordingly, a versatile colloidal system named quatsomes, based on fluid nanovesicles formed by the self-assembling of cholesterol and surfactant molecules, has been devised as a novel template to achieve hierarchical nanostructures of the RGD peptide. To this end, RGD was anchored on the vesicle's fluid membrane of quatsomes, and the RGD-functionalized nanovesicles were covalently anchored to planar gold surfaces, forming a state of quasi-suspension, through a long poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain with a thiol termination. An underlying self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of a shorter PEG was introduced for vesicle stabilization and to avoid unspecific cell adhesion. In comparison with substrates featuring a homogeneous distribution of RGD peptides, the resulting hierarchical nanoarchitectonic dramatically enhanced cell adhesion, despite lower overall RGD molecules on the surface. The new versatile platform was thoroughly characterized using a multitechnique approach, proving its enhanced performance. These findings open new methods for the hierarchical immobilization of biomolecules on surfaces using quatsomes as a robust and novel tissue engineering strategy.
MODS: Fast and robust method for two-view matching

A novel algorithm for wide-baseline matching called MODS matching on demand with view synthesis is presented. The MODS algorithm is experimentally shown to solve a broader range of wide-baseline problems than the state of the art while being nearly as fast as standard matchers on simple problems. The apparent robustness vs. speed trade-off is finessed by the use of progressively more time-consuming feature detectors and by on-demand generation of synthesized images that is performed until a reliable estimate of geometry is obtained. We introduce an improved method for tentative correspondence selection, applicable both with and without view synthesis. A modification of the standard first to second nearest distance rule increases the number of correct matches by 5-20% at no additional computational cost. Performance of the MODS algorithm is evaluated on several standard publicly available datasets, and on a new set of geometrically challenging wide baseline problems that is made public together with the ground truth. Experiments show that the MODS outperforms the state-of-the-art in robustness and speed. Moreover, MODS performs well on other classes of difficult two-view problems like matching of images from different modalities, with wide temporal baseline or with significant lighting changes. (c) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
(La1-x Mx )2 (Nb0.45 Yb0.55 )2 O7-δ (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) Ionic Conductors Promoted by Foreign/Domestic Dual Acceptor-Doping Strategies

In this work, a class of ionic conductor (La1-x Mx )2 (Nb0.45 Yb0.55 )2 O7-δ (M=Ca, Sr, and Ba) with a cubic pyrochlore structure was reported. Two strategies were adopted to increase the concentration of oxygen vacancies favoring the hydration reaction to introduce protons. One was increasing the cation ratio between Yb and Nb over unity, the other was doping divalent alkaline earth elements to replace trivalent La. Proton conduction was evidenced by confirming the proton incorporation and H/D isotope effect in electrical conductivity. Doping Ca, Sr, and Ba further promoted the proton conduction. The results of crystal structure refinement indicated that the extrinsically introduced oxygen vacancies by the two strategies were accommodated in the tetrahedra (48 f) containing two La and two Yb/Nb cations, while the tetrahedra containing four La cations (8a) were fully occupied by oxide ions. A discussion was thereby performed, leading to the suggestion that not all the tetrahedra in the cubic pyrochlore structure of (La1-x Mx )2 (Nb0.45 Yb0.55 )2 O7-δ helped in incorporating and conducting protons, and only the oxygen vacancies surrounded by four Y cations (48 f site) or two La and two Y cations (8b site) were hydratable. It is thereby suggested that to enhance the proton conduction in pyrochlore oxides, an effective strategy might be tuning the ability of hydration or protonation of the tetrahedra to increase the proton concentration and expand the route for proton conduction.
Bleomycin-Induced Flagellate Dermatitis: Revisited

Flagellate dermatitis caused by bleomycin is a rare side effect with a distinctive pattern of whip-like, linear streaks. The clinical presentation has become uncommon nowadays as bleomycin use in conventional chemotherapy regimens has decreased. We present a case of a 30-year-old female diagnosed with ovarian germ cell tumour, managed with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) and later developed a widespread rash indicative of classic flagellate dermatitis. This brief report emphasizes the significance of detection and management of this transient dermatological complication in patients receiving bleomycin.
NTT Architecture for a Linux-Ready RISC-V Fully-Homomorphic Encryption Accelerator

This paper proposes two architectures for the acceleration of Number Theoretic Transforms (NTTs) using a novel Montgomery-based butterfly. We first design a custom NTT hardware accelerator for Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The butterfly architecture is expanded to a Modular Arithmetic Logic Unit (MALU) and for greater reuse and easier programmability a six-stage pipeline Linux-ready RISC-V core is extended with custom instructions. The performance of the proposed architectures is assessed on a Xilinx Ultrascale+ FPGA and with an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) on 28nm CMOS technology. In FPGA, the results for custom acceleration show reductions of 30%, 90% and 42% in the number of Lookup tables (LUTs) and registers, Block RAMs (BRAMs) and Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), while providing a speedup of 1.9 times, in comparison with the state of the art. The ASIC results show that at 1 GHz the proposed architecture is in average 45% and 52% less area and power hungry, respectively, compared to the state of the art. Furthermore, the proposed MALU, operating as an additional execution unit, increases the overall area of the extended RISC-V core by only 10%, without significant changes in the frequency of operation.
Rhizobium radiobacter-Induced Peritonitis: A Case Report and Literature Analysis

Rhizobium radiobacter (R. radiobacter) is a gram-negative bacterium, primarily a soil contaminant and rarely pathogenic to humans. Only a few cases of peritonitis secondary to R. radiobacter have been reported worldwide. A 66-year-old male with end-stage renal disease who was on peritoneal dialysis (PD) developed R. radiobacter-induced peritonitis. We have treated the infection successfully with intraperitoneal antibiotics and managed to keep his PD catheter intact without interruption in PD treatment. More prolonged antibiotic therapy and frequent clinical follow-up is required to treat this infection. Better clinician awareness is needed to prevent this rare infection.
PolyVerif: An Open-Source Environment for Autonomous Vehicle Validation and Verification Research Acceleration

Validation and Verification (V&V) of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based cyber physical systems such as Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) is currently a vexing and unsolved problem. AVs integrate subsystems in areas such as detection, sensor fusion, localization, perception, and path planning. Each of these subsystems contains significant AI content integrated with traditional hardware and software components. The complexity for validating even a subsystem is daunting and the task of validating the whole system is nearly impossible. Fundamental research in advancing the state-of-the-art for AV V&V is required. However, for V&V researchers, it is exceedingly difficult to make progress because of the massive infrastructure requirements to demonstrate the viability of any solution. This paper presents PolyVerif, the world's first open-source solution focused on V&V researchers with the objective of accelerating the state-of-the-art for AV V&V research. PolyVerif provides an AI design and verification framework consisting of a digital twin creation process, an open-source AV engine, access to several open-source physics based simulators, and open-source symbolic test generation engines. PolyVerif's objective is to arm V&V researchers with a framework which extends the state-of-the-art on any one of the many major axes of interest and use the remainder of the infrastructure to quickly demonstrate the viability of their solution. Given its open-source nature, researchers can also contribute their innovations to the project. Using this critical property of open-source environments, the innovation rate of the whole research community to solve these vexing issues can be greatly accelerated. Finally, the paper also presents results from several projects which have used PolyVerif.
Industrial side streams as sustainable substrates for microbial production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a microbially produced biopolymer that is emerging as a propitious alternative to petroleum-based plastics owing to its biodegradable and biocompatible properties. However, to date, the relatively high costs related to the PHB production process are hampering its widespread commercialization. Since feedstock costs add up to half of the total production costs, ample research has been focusing on the use of inexpensive industrial side streams as carbon sources. While various industrial side streams such as second-generation carbohydrates, lignocellulose, lipids, and glycerol have been extensively investigated in liquid fermentation processes, also gaseous sources, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane, are gaining attention as substrates for gas fermentation. In addition, recent studies have investigated two-stage processes to convert waste gases into PHB via organic acids or alcohols. In this review, a variety of different industrial side streams are discussed as more sustainable and economical carbon sources for microbial PHB production. In particular, a comprehensive overview of recent developments and remaining challenges in fermentation strategies using these feedstocks is provided, considering technical, environmental, and economic aspects to shed light on their industrial feasibility. As such, this review aims to contribute to the global shift towards a zero-waste bio-economy and more sustainable materials.
IL-Y, a synthetic member of the IL-12 cytokine family, suppresses the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice

The IL-12 family of heterodimeric cytokines, consisting of IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, and IL-35, has important roles in regulating the immune response. IL-12 family members are comprised of a heterodimer consisting of α and β chains: IL-12 (p40 and p35), IL-23 (p40 and p19), IL-27 (Ebi3 and p28), and IL-35 (Ebi3 and p35). Given the combinatorial nature of the IL-12 family, we generated adenoviral vectors expressing two putative IL-12 family members not yet found naturally, termed IL-X (Ebi3 and p19) and IL-Y (p40 and p28), as single-chain molecules. Single chain IL-Y (scIL-Y), but not scIL-X, was able to stimulate significantly a unique cytokine/chemokine expression profile as well as activate STAT3 in mice, in part, through a pathway involving IL-27Rα in splenocytes. Adenoviral-mediated, intratumoral delivery of scIL-Y increased tumor growth in contrast to the anti-tumor effects of scIL-12 and scIL-23. Similarly, treatment of prediabetic NOD mice by intravenous injection of Ad.scIL-Y prevented the onset of hyperglycemia. Analysis of cells from Ad.scIL-Y-treated NOD mice demonstrated that scIL-Y reduced expression of inflammatory mediators such as IFN-γ. Our data demonstrate that a novel, synthetic member of the IL-12 family, termed IL-Y, confers unique immunosuppressive effects in two different disease models and thus could have therapeutic applications.
Development and function of the fetal adrenal

The adrenal cortex undergoes multiple structural and functional rearrangements to satisfy the systemic needs for steroids during fetal life, postnatal development, and adulthood. A fully functional adrenal cortex relies on the proper subdivision in regions or 'zones' with distinct but interconnected functions, which evolve from the early embryonic stages to adulthood, and rely on a fine-tuned gene network. In particular, the steroidogenic activity of the fetal adrenal is instrumental in maintaining normal fetal development and growth. Here, we review and discuss the most recent advances in our understanding of embryonic and fetal adrenal development, including the known causes for adrenal dys-/agenesis, and the steroidogenic pathways that link the fetal adrenal with the hormone system of the mother through the fetal-placental unit. Finally, we discuss what we think are the major open questions in the field, including, among others, the impact of osteocalcin, thyroid hormone, and other hormone systems on adrenal development and function, and the reliability of rodents as models of adrenal pathophysiology.
A novel method for accurate ground parameter estimation in MV networks

This paper presents a novel method for ground parameter estimation that enables the accurate estimation of the total ground capacitance and conductance in MV networks. The novelty of the method is that the effect of the leakage impedance of the inductive voltage transformer can be significantly reduced compared to the prior-art method. The key idea of the novel method is based on dual inductive voltage transformers for resonant earthed neutral networks. Until now, it has been necessary to simplify the equivalent circuit model by neglecting the effect of the inductive voltage transformer leakage impedance to enable ground parameter estimation with the prior-art signal injection-based method. The experimental test results clearly demonstrate the significant effect of the inductive voltage transformer leakage impedance on ground parameter estimation with the prior-art method and show that the proposed method is effective at improving the accuracy of ground parameter estimation, which is beneficial for the security risk assessment of underground cables, the configuration and expansion capacity of the Petersen coil and the detection of high-impedance ground faults.
The Effect of Semantic Transparency in a Flanker Task

This study tried to replicate and extend the semantic transparency morphological effect using the flanker lexical decision paradigm (Grainger et al., 2020). In the first experiment, stems were used as flankers of target words that could be truly morphological (hunt hunter hunt), pseudomorphological (corn corner corn), or form-related with the flanker (broth brothel broth). In half of the trials, a related flanker was employed, and in the other half, an unrelated word was presented as flanker (e.g., table player table). The results showed a facilitative effect for the related condition as a main effect with no difference between experimental conditions. These results were interpreted in terms of an orthographic facilitation taking place when whole stems are presented as flankers. In the second experiment, short derivational suffixes were used as flankers of the same targets employed in the first experiment. The results showed an inhibitory effect of the same magnitude for the transparent and pseudomorphological conditions with no effect for the form condition. This finding suggests an inhibitory effect by which morphemes activate several lexical candidates that compete for recognition. Overall, the results are interpreted in terms of the cognitive requirements of the experimental task, the items selected, and the current models of morphological processing.
The Treachery of Images: Redefining the Structural System of Havana's National Art Schools

This paper illustrates the contribution that on-site survey and graphical documentation offer to the structural comprehension of 20th century architectural and civil engineering heritage and, therefore, to its sustainable conservation. The research herein presented has identified the true structural system of Havana's National Art Schools, an internationally well-known architectural masterpiece that was recently investigated within the drafting of a comprehensive conservation management plan. This iconic complex was built right after the Castro's revolution and was meant to embody Cuba's newfound freedom. To this end, the complex was supposed to be built using Catalan vaulting, a technique loaded with significance due to its provenance, affordability, and flexibility. While most of the literature, the architectural features, and the very designers assert that no concrete nor steel were employed during construction, recent studies suggested that a reinforced concrete core might be hidden behind the masonry-like appearance of the five buildings. The structural analysis performed in order to draft a conservation and management plan for the school site thus became a hermeneutic opportunity to address this topic. Combining direct observation, documentary research, and nondestructive analyses (infrared thermography and magnetometer testing), it was possible to finally redefine the structural nature of these notorious architectures, which are indeed mostly made of reinforced concrete.
Localization of Non-Linearly Modeled Autonomous Mobile Robots Using Out-of-Sequence Measurements

This paper presents a state of the art of the estimation algorithms dealing with Out-of-Sequence (OOS) measurements for non-linearly modeled systems. The state of the art includes a critical analysis of the algorithm properties that takes into account the applicability of these techniques to autonomous mobile robot navigation based on the fusion of the measurements provided, delayed and OOS, by multiple sensors. Besides, it shows a representative example of the use of one of the most computationally efficient approaches in the localization module of the control software of a real robot (which has non-linear dynamics, and linear and non-linear sensors) and compares its performance against other approaches. The simulated results obtained with the selected OOS algorithm shows the computational requirements that each sensor of the robot imposes to it. The real experiments show how the inclusion of the selected OOS algorithm in the control software lets the robot successfully navigate in spite of receiving many OOS measurements. Finally, the comparison highlights that not only is the selected OOS algorithm among the best performing ones of the comparison, but it also has the lowest computational and memory cost.