ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Medium-Chain fatty acids and long-chain alcohols production from waste activated sludge via two-stage anaerobic fermentation

Traditional bioenergy recovery in the form of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from waste activated sludge (WAS) is generally limited by economic unattractiveness and complexity of products separation. Herein, a novel biotechnology process of two-stage anaerobic fermentation for converting the WAS into high energy density, easy-separated medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and long-chain alcohols (LCAs) was evaluated. In this process, the WAS was first converted to WAS alkaline fermentation liquid (WASAFL), serving as electron acceptors (EAs) and inoculum, then adding ethanol as electron donor (ED) for chain elongation (CE). The co-production of MCFAs and LCAs during CE were studied under three different ED to EA ra-tios, i.e., 3:1, 4:1 and 5:1. Experimental results demonstrated that when the ratio of ED to EA increased from 3:1 to 5:1, the production of MCFA and LCAs respectively increased from 5.57 0.17 and 2.58 +/- 0.18 to7.67 +/- 0.48 and 4.21 +/- 0.19 g COD/L. A similar observation was made in the total product electron efficiency, increasing from 59.9% to 72.1%. However, the highest total product selectivity (i.e., 68.0%) and highest products production yield (i.e., 59.77%) were not achieved at the ED to EA ratio of 5:1 due to toxicity caused by higher accumulation of n-caproate. The kinetic analysis further confirmed that high ratio of ED to EA induced improvement in product maximum yield, production rate for both MCFAs and LCAs. Microbial community analysis indicated that Clostridium, Caproiciproducens, Acinetobacter, Exilispira, and Oscillibacter were clearly enriched in the CE reactor and had positive correlation with MCFAs and LCAs production. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Nexus between green finance and climate change mitigation in N-11 and BRICS countries: empirical estimation through difference in differences (DID) approach

Green finance is inextricably linked to investment risk, particularly in emerging and developing economies (EMDE). This study uses the difference in differences (DID) method to evaluate the mean causal effects of a treatment on an outcome of the determinants of scaling up green financing and climate change mitigation in the N-11 countries from 2005 to 2019. After analyzing with a dummy for the treated countries, it was confirmed that the outcome covariates: rescon (renewable energy sources consumption), population, FDI, CO2, inflation, technical corporation grants, domestic credit to the private sector, and research and development are very significant in promoting green financing and climate change mitigation in the study countries. The probit regression results give a different outcome, as rescon, FID, CO2, Human Development Index (HDI), and investment in the energy sector by the private sector that will likely have an impact on the green financing and climate change mitigation of the study countries. Furthermore, after matching the analysis through the nearest neighbor matching, kernel matching, and radius matching, it produced mixed results for both the treated and the untreated countries. Either group experienced an improvement in green financing and climate change mitigation or a decrease. Overall, the DID showed no significant difference among the countries.
MiR-556-5p modulates migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells via targeting PTHrP

Breast cancer bone metastases may block normal bone remodeling and promote bone degradation, during which several signaling pathways and small non-coding miRNAs might all play a role. miRNAs and target mRNAs that might be associated with breast cancer bone metastasis were analyzed and selected using bioinformatics analyses based on online data. The 3' untranslated region of key factors associated with breast cancer metastasis were examined for candidate miRNA binding site using Targetscan. The predicted binding was validated. The specific effects of single miRNA and dynamic effects of the miRNA-mRNA axis on breast cancer cell metastasis were investigated. miR-556-5p was downregulated in breast cancer samples according to online datasets and experimental analyses. In breast cancer cells, miR-556-5p overexpression inhibited, whereas miR-556-5p inhibition promoted cancer cell invasion and migration. Among key factors associated with breast cancer bone metastasis, parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) 3'UTR possessed miR-556-5p binding site. Through direct binding, miR-556-5p negatively regulated PTHrP expression. In breast cancer cell lines, miR-556-5p inhibition promoted, whereas PTHrP silencing suppressed cancer cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition; the effects of miR-556-5p inhibition were partially reversed by PTHrP silencing. In summary, miR-556-5p targets PTHrP to modulate the cell migration and invasion of breast cancer.
Kyphosis After Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations

Thoracolumbar fractures change the biomechanics of the spine. Load distribution causes kyphosis by the time. Treatment of posttraumatic kyphosis is still controversial. We reviewed the literature between 2010 and 2020 using a search with keywords "thoracolumbar fracture and kyphosis." We removed osteoporotic fractures, ankylosing spondylitis fractures, non-English language papers, case reports, and low-quality case series. Up-to-date information on posttraumatic kyphosis management was reviewed to reach an agreement in a consensus meeting of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee. The first meeting was conducted in Peshawar in December 2019 with WFNS Spine Committee members' presence and participation. The second meeting was a virtual meeting via the internet on June 12, 2020. We utilized the Delphi method to administer the questionnaire to preserve a high degree of validity. We summarized 42 papers on posttraumatic kyphosis. Surgical treatment of thoracolumbar kyphosis due to unstable burst fractures can be done via a posterior only approach. Less blood loss and reduced surgery time are the main advantages of posterior surgery. Kyphosis angle for surgical decision and fusion levels are controversial. However, global sagittal balance should be taken into consideration for the segment that has to be included. Adding an intermediate screw at the fractured level strengthens the construct.
Corporate Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability Performance Transformation through ESG Disclosure

Within the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure-corporate sustainability performance (economic, environmental and social; EES) framework, our empirical analysis examined the impact of ESG information disclosure on EES sustainability performance among Asian firms from 2005 to 2017. The positive ESG disclosure-EES sustainability performance relationship found in this study provides evidence that disclosing the implementation of environment and social strategies within an effective system of corporate governance in the organization strengthens corporate sustainability performance. The results also show that environmental performance and social performance are significantly positively related to economic sustainable performance, indicating that the corporation's economic value and creating value for society are interdependent. In line with the stakeholder theory and the shared value theory, ESG information disclosure to all stakeholders is an important factor in creating a competitive advantage for enhancing corporate sustainability performance.
Long non-coding RNA CCL2 promoted gastric cancer function via miR-128/ PARP2 signal pathway

Amounts of studies have revealed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was related to the development of gastric cancer. Here, our results suggested the function and regulatory mechanism of CCL2 in gastric cancer. Quantitative polymerase-chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to inspect lncRNA CCL2 and miR-128 expression in normal gastric cell line (GES-1) and tumor cell lines (HGC-27 and MKN-45). The effects of CCL2 and miR-128 were measured via Luciferase reporter test. Western blot was used to check PARP2 protein expression. CCL2 expression and PARP2 protein levels were up-regulated, while miR-128 expression was obviously lower. Meanwhile, CCL2 down-regulating significantly repressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating miR-128. In addition, we proved miR-128 was a direct target of CCL2 through double luciferase assay and bioinformatics analysis. Moreover, miR-128 markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer. More importantly, miR-128 could reverse the effects of lncRNA CCL2 knocked down. PARP2-si obviously suppressed in gastric cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion. Meanwhile, miR-128 mimic and the knockout of CCL2 distinctly decreased PARP2 protein level. Additionally, luciferase report experiments certificated that PARP2 targeted miR-128, implying PARP2 directly interacted with miR-128 in gastric cancer. More interestingly, the downregulation of PARP could reverse the trend triggered by miR-128 inhibitor in gastric tumor. All over these results showed lncRNA CCL2 played importance of role in gastric tumor via miR-128/PARP2 axis signal pathway. LncRNA CCL2 accelerated gastric cancer progression by regulating miR-128/PARP2 signaling pathway, providing a novel possible strategy for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Does Economic Policy Uncertainty Affect CO2 Emissions? Empirical Evidence from the United States

This paper aims to examine the effects of economic policy uncertainty (measured by the World Uncertainty Index-WUI) on the level of CO2 emissions in the United States for the period from 1960 to 2016. For this purpose, we consider the unit root test with structural breaks and the autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) model. We find that the per capita income promotes CO2 emissions in the long run. Similarly, the WUI measures are positively associated with CO2 emissions in the long run. Energy prices negatively affect CO2 emissions both in the short run and the long run. Possible implications of climate change are also discussed.
Relation of parenting child abuse based on attachment styles, parenting styles, and parental addictions

The purpose of this study was to complete the cycle of recognizing these relationships. In this regard, the effect of parenting styles, attachment styles, and the mediating variable of addiction was investigated on child abuse (CA). Multi-stage random sampling and sample size were selected based on the sample size estimation software (510 people) and according to the 20% probability of a drop in the number of subjects, 530 people (265 boys and 265 girls) and 1060 parents were selected. The available method was selected from a sample of 530 people who were selected based on the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and answered Baumrind's Parenting Styles Questionnaire (PSQ), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Adult Attachment Scale (AAS). Data were assessed by analysis of variance, mediator analysis, and path analysis. The results showed that differences in parenting styles cause differences in their attachment styles. The results supported only the relationship between the two components of parental affection and control with the attachment avoidance index, and no relationship was observed between these components and the anxiety index. Perceived emotional abuse, mediates the relationship between parental parenting components and the child attachment avoidance index. Finally, it was achieved to a model that shows how the two factors of affection and control simultaneously affect the avoidance index, mediated by parental addiction.
Rethinking Social Relationships in Adulthood: The Differential Investment of Resources Model

Empirical evidence about the development of social relationships across adulthood into late life continues to accumulate, but theoretical development has lagged behind. The Differential Investment of Resources (DIRe) model integrates these empirical advances. The model defines the investment of time and energy into social ties varying in terms of emotional closeness and kinship as the core mechanism explaining the formation and maintenance of social networks. Individual characteristics, acting as capacities, motivations, and skills, determine the amount, direction, and efficacy of the investment. The context (e.g., the living situation) affects the social opportunity structure, the amount of time and energy available, and individual characteristics. Finally, the model describes two feedback loops: (a) social capital affecting the individual's living situation and (b) different types of ties impacting individual characteristics via social exchanges, social influences, and social evaluations. The proposed model will provide a theoretical basis for future research and hypothesis testing.
A survey of group decision making methods in Healthcare Industry 4.0: bibliometrics, applications, and directions

Healthcare Industry 4.0 refers to intelligent operation processes in the medical industry. With the development of information technology, large-scale group decision making (GDM), which allows a larger number of decision makers (DMs) from different places or sectors to participate in decision making, has been rapidly developed and applied in Healthcare Industry 4.0 to help to make decisions efficiently and smartly. To make full use of GDM methods to promote the developments of the medical industry, it is necessary to review the existing relevant achievements. Therefore, this paper conducts an overview to generate a comprehensive understanding of GDM in Healthcare Industry 4.0 and to identify future development directions. Bibliometric analyses are conducted in order to learn the development trends from published papers. The implementations of GDM methods in Healthcare Industry 4.0 are reviewed in accordance with the paradigm of the general GDM process, which includes information representation, dimension reduction, consensus reaching, and result elicitation. We also provide current research challenges and future directions regarding medical GDM. It is hoped that our study will be helpful for researchers in the field of GDM in Healthcare Industry 4.0.
Optimal operation of water-energy microgrids; a mixed integer linear programming formulation

Increasing energy efficiency in water distribution systems is one of the most important aspects of a sustainable water infrastructure. Additionally, providing this energy from renewable sources is an essential step towards a cleaner production in energy infrastructures. Therefore in this paper, an optimization model is developed to minimize the energy consumption of a water-energy microgrid system. A day-ahead economic dispatch model is developed to minimize the daily cost of energy in the waterenergy microgrid. The energy consumption of water system is minimized using tank's and pump's scheduling and operation, hydraulic factors, and daily demand. Particularly, the electricity consumption of the pump is minimized by adjusting its head gain and flow rate via a variable speed. The energy unit is composed of an aggregated conventional power generation, solar photovoltaic, wind generation, and battery energy storage system. To offer a global optimum for the proposed non-linear programming formulation, bivariate piecewise linear approximation is used to linearize the pump's power consumption and gain, and conservation of energy-mass. In addition, univariate piecewise linear approximation is used to linearize the energy consumption function of conventional power generation systems. The optimization results of the mixed integer linear programming and mixed integer non-linear programming formulations for the studied water-energy microgrid system are compared and discussed. These models are developed to concurrently minimize the electricity consumption of a micro water-energy distribution network in two scenarios of (1) standalone water distribution system operation and (2) an integrated islanded micro water-energy system with electrical loads. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Analysis of the spatial association network structure of China's transportation carbon emissions and its driving factors

Using the social network analysis method, this paper explores the characteristics of the spatial association network structure of China's provincial transportation carbon emissions from 2005 to 2015 and its driving factors. The results are as follows: (1) The spatial association of China's provincial transportation carbon emissions exhibits an intuitive network structure. The degree of closeness which were 0.2253 and 0.2333 in 2005 and 2015 respectively shows an increasing trend on the whole. However, it hit the bottom in 2011, reaching a minimum of 0.2230, which is the "low closeness degree inflection point". (2) The spatial association network presents a significant "core-edge" distribution pattern. Specifically, in the central and eastern regions of China, Henan and Jiangsu have degrees of up to 58.621 and 44.828, which are at the network center. However, some remote regions, like Jilin and Hainan, have degrees of less than 20.000, which are marginalized. (3) The geographical adjacency, the expansion of the difference in R&D investment, and the narrowing of the difference in economic development promote the formation of the interprovincial spatial association. Therefore, in the process of controlling carbon emissions from transportation, the government should focus on the provinces at the network center and pay attention to the impact of the R&D investment on the spatial association of transportation carbon emissions.
Serum Compatible Spermine-Based Cationic Lipids with Nonidentical Hydrocarbon Tails Mediate High Transfection Efficiency

Cationic lipids are widely used as nonviral synthetic vectors for gene delivery as a safer alternative to viral vectors. In this work, a library of L-shaped spermine-based cationic lipids with identical and nonidentical hydrophobic chains having variable carbon lengths (from C10 to C18) was designed and synthesized. These lipids were characterized and the structure-activity relationships of these compounds were determined for DNA binding and transfection ability when formulated as cationic liposomes. The liposomes were then used successfully for the transfection of HEK293T, HeLa, PC3, H460, HepG2, SH-SY5Y and Calu'3 cell lines. The transfection efficiency of lipids with nonidentical hydrocarbon chains was greater than the identical analogue. These reagents exhibited superior efficiency to the commercial reagent, Lipofectamine3000, under both serum-free and 10-40 % serum conditions in HEK293T, HeLa and H460 cell lines. The lipids were not toxic to the tested cell line. The results suggest that L-shaped spermine-based cationic lipids with nonidentical hydrocarbon tails could serve as efficient and safe nonviral vector gene carriers in further in vivo studies.
Life-Cycle Assessment and Monetary Measurements for the Carbon Footprint Reduction of Public Buildings

Energy consumption in public buildings increased drastically over the last decade. Significant policy actions towards the promotion of energy efficiency in the building sector have been developed involving sustainable low-CO2-emission technologies. This paper presents the results of an economic-environmental valuation of a standard energy retrofit project for a public building in a Mediterranean area, integrating a life-cycle assessment (LCA) into the traditional economic-financial evaluation pattern. The study results show that simple retrofit of sustainable low-CO2-emission strategies such as wooden double-glazed windows, organic external wall insulation systems, and green roofs can reduce energy needs for heating and cooling by 58.5% and 33.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the implementation of an LCA highlights that the use of sustainable materials reduces the building's carbon footprint index by 54.1% after retrofit compared to standard materials, thus providing an additional increase in the socio-environmental-economic-financial results of 18%. Some proposals are made about the accounting of the replacement costs and the residual value as requested in the logic of life-cycle cost (that is the economic extension of the LCA), namely concerning the method to take into account the replacement costs and the residual value. The economic calculation highlights the fundamental role played by tax benefits supporting the building energy retrofit, also in temperate climate zones, thus allowing the creation of environmental benefits in addition to remarkable cost savings.
The Associations between Family-Related Factors and Excessive Internet Use in Adolescents

This study examined the relationship between Excessive Internet Use (EIU) in adolescents and their family environment, namely the family type, the family economic status, the effect of parental care, the level of parental control, the amount of parental monitoring, the quality of communication, and the time spent together. The study was based on data from an international survey, Health Behaviour in School Aged Children (HBSC), conducted in Slovakia. The sample representative for adolescents included 2547 participants (51% boys) aged 13-15. Multiple-step linear regression revealed that higher parental care and parental monitoring predicted lower EIU, while higher parental overprotection and lower socioeconomic status predicted higher EIU. The results suggest that both so-called optimal parenting (i.e., the balance of emotional warmth and protection) and the adolescent ' s autonomy lower the risk of EIU. Family factors explained about 14% of the variance, which suggests that aside from personal, cognitive and affective factors, a close social environment also plays an important role in adolescence EIU.
Creating work environments where people of all genders in gynecologic oncology can thrive: An SGO evidence-based review

Equality, equity, and parity in the workplace are necessary to optimize patient care across all aspects of medicine. Gender-based inequities remain an obstacle to quality of care, including within the now majority women subspecialty of gynecologic oncology. The results of the 2020 SGO State of the Society Survey prompted this evidence-based review. Evidence related to relevant aspects of the clinical care model by which women with malignancies are cared for is summarized. Recommendations are made that include ways to create work environments where all members of a gynecologic oncology clinical care team, regardless of gender, can thrive. These recommendations aim to improve equality and equity within the specialty and, in doing so, elevate the care that our patients receive.