ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Does increasing investment in research and development promote economic growth decoupling from carbon emission growth? An empirical analysis of BRICS countries

It is generally recognized that increasing research and development investment is an effective measure to promote economic and social progress. An open question is if increasing research and development investment help economic growth decoupling from carbon emission. This study investigates research and development investment and carbon emission in BRICS countries by using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares for empirical estimation from 1996 to 2014. The results show that every 1% increase in research and development investment, carbon emissions will be decreased by 0.8122% for the BRICS as a whole, which indicates increasing research and development investment has a positive impact on decoupling economic growth from environmental pressure. For individual, this impact is most significant in China, weak in Russia and India. However, it also should be noted that only increasing research and development investment cannot achieve the decoupling between economic growth and carbon emission, because other factors, such as economic activity, industrialization and urbanization, renewable energy also influences the decoupling economic growth from carbon emission. The results also show that economic activity, industrialization and urbanization pose negative impact on the decoupling, whereas renewable energy consumption promote the decoupling. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Sustainable development evaluation of the society-economy-environment in a resource-based city of China:A complex network approach

Resource-based cities (RBCs) have made a significant contribution to country development in certain historical periods. Achieving sustainable development of the society-economy-environment system has been the key issue in the RBCs development process because resources are being depleted. At present, the studies on sustainable development of the society-economy-environment system of RBCs are insufficient. Moreover, the relevant research method is lacking. Therefore, this study introduced complex network method to dynamically and systematically analyze the development process of a typical RBC (Shuozhou) in China from 1989 to 2016. In this study, a theoretical framework of RBCs sustainable development was proposed and the evaluation indicator system was established from three aspects: social harmony, economic development, and environmental improvement. The important nodes of the complex network (e.g., population, regional gross domestic product, green infrastructure land) were identified by the degree, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality. The whole society-economy eenvironment system had maximum connectivity and information transmission efficiency compared with an individual society, economy, or environment subsystem. Moreover, the stability of the complex network of the society-economy-environment system in Period III (2008-2016) was higher compared with other two periods. Based on the knowledge of the societyeeconomyeenvironment system's complex network structure and interrelationships, population adjustments in quantity and quality, a moderate increase in consumption, and industrial adjustment are critical measures for social and economic sustainable development of RBCs. Moreover, the government should focus on the proportional relationship among green infrastructure land, forest land, and other lands and increase the vegetation coverage rate. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The novel HLA-B*46:85 allele identified by sequencing-based typing in a Chinese individual

HLA-B*46:85 differs from HLA-B*46:01:01:01 in exon 3 at position 560 by a single non-synonymous mutation.
Techno-economic analysis of microalgae production with simultaneous dairy effluent treatment using a pilot-scale High Volume V-shape pond system

In this study techno-economic evaluation of scaled-up microalgae production and simultaneous dairy effluent treatment was performed. It includes 'Base case' comprising a 3 m(3) High Volume V-shape Pond (HVVP) and 'Projected case(s)' in million liters per day (MLD) treatment capacity plant of <= 0.25, similar to 0.5 and >= 1.0 MLD dairy industries for 10-, 20- and 30-yrs lifetime span, respectively. Economic analysis includes capital expenditure (CapEx), operational expenditure (OpEx), payback period, internal rate of return (IRR), net present value and minimum biomass production price. As expected, centrifuge and its electricity consumption charges are major contributors of CapEx and OpEx, respectively. >= 1 MLD plant for 20 yrs showed most feasible with an IRR and payback period of 118% and 1.9 yrs, respectively. Annual algal production was 504 ton at $0.482/kg with similar to 240,000 m(3) of treated clean water. HVVP is found to be one of the cost-effective and area efficient microalgal cultivation systems for mass production. Besides, the process aids in resolving environmental concerns associated with current practices of direct discharge of dairy effluents. This study aims to overcome some of the key hindering factors viz., high land foot-print and cost-intensive cultivation systems that are associated in commercialization of microalgae production. (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
When the Background Matters: Using Scenarios from Integrated Assessment Models in Prospective Life Cycle Assessment

Prospective life cycle assessment (LCA) needs to deal with the large epistemological uncertainty about the future to support more robust future environmental impact assessments of technologies. This study proposes a novel approach that systematically changes the background processes in a prospective LCA based on scenarios of an integrated assessment model (IAM), the IMAGE model. Consistent worldwide scenarios from IMAGE are evaluated in the life cycle inventory using ecoinvent v3.3. To test the approach, only the electricity sector was changed in a prospective LCA of an internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) and an electric vehicle (EV) using six baseline and mitigation climate scenarios until 2050. This case study shows that changes in the electricity background can be very important for the environmental impacts of EV. Also, the approach demonstrates that the relative environmental performance of EV and ICEV over time is more complex and multifaceted than previously assumed. Uncertainty due to future developments manifests in different impacts depending on the product (EV or ICEV), the impact category, and the scenario and year considered. More robust prospective LCAs can be achieved, particularly for emerging technologies, by expanding this approach to other economic sectors beyond electricity background changes and mobility applications as well as by including uncertainty and changes in foreground parameters. A more systematic and structured composition of future inventory databases driven by IAM scenarios helps to acknowledge epistemological uncertainty and to increase the temporal consistency of foreground and background systems in LCAs of emerging technologies.
Limitation by vapour pressure deficit shapes different intra-annual growth patterns of diffuse- and ring-porous temperate broadleaves

Understanding the effects of temperature and moisture on radial growth is vital for assessing the impacts of climate change on carbon and water cycles. However, studies observing growth at sub-daily temporal scales remain scarce. We analysed sub-daily growth dynamics and its climatic drivers recorded by point dendrometers for 35 trees of three temperate broadleaved species during the years 2015-2020. We isolated irreversible growth driven by cambial activity from the dendrometer records. Next, we compared the intra-annual growth patterns among species and delimited their climatic optima. The growth of all species peaked at air temperatures between 12 and 16°C and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) below 0.1 kPa. Acer pseudoplatanus and Fagus sylvatica, both diffuse-porous, sustained growth under suboptimal VPD. Ring-porous Quercus robur experienced a steep decline of growth rates with reduced air humidity. This resulted in multiple irregular growth peaks of Q. robur during the year. By contrast, the growth patterns of the diffuse-porous species were always right-skewed unimodal with a peak in June between day of the year 150-170. Intra-annual growth patterns are shaped more by VPD than temperature. The different sensitivity of radial growth to VPD is responsible for unimodal growth patterns in both diffuse-porous species and multimodal growth pattern in Q. robur.
Prehospital Pediatric Respiratory Distress and Airway Management Training and Education: An NAEMSP Position Statement and Resource Document

Although pediatric airway and respiratory emergencies represent high-acuity situations, the ability of EMS clinicians to effectively manage these patients is hampered by infrequent clinical exposure and shortcomings in pediatric-specific education. Cognitive gaps in EMS clinicians' understanding of the differences between pediatric and adult airway anatomy and respiratory physiology and pathology, variability in the training provided to EMS clinicians, and decay of the psychomotor skills necessary to safely and effectively manage pediatric patients experiencing respiratory emergencies collectively pose significant threats to the quality and safety of care delivered to pediatric patients. NAEMSP recommends:Pediatric airway education should include discussion of the factors that make pediatric airway management challenging.EMS agencies should provide pediatric-specific education that addresses recognition and treatment of pediatric respiratory distress based upon pathophysiology affecting upper airways, lower airways, cardiovascular systems, or extrinsic causes of disordered breathing. Pediatric airway training should also differentiate between hypoxic and hypercapnic respiratory failure. Education should emphasize that the cognitive and psychomotor skills requisite in management of pediatric respiratory emergencies will differ across patient age groups.EMS clinicians should be provided education and training in technology-dependent children and children and youth with special health care needs.EMS clinicians should receive initial and ongoing education and training in pediatric airway and respiratory conditions that emphasizes the principle of using the least invasive most effective strategies to achieve oxygenation and ventilation.Initial and continuing pediatric-focused education should be structured to maintain EMS clinician competency in the assessment and management of pediatric airway and respiratory emergencies and should be provided on a recurring basis to mitigate the decay of EMS clinicians' knowledge and skills that occurs due to infrequent field-based clinical exposure.Integration of clinician education programs with quality management programs is essential for the development and delivery of initial and continuing education intended to help EMS clinicians attain and maintain proficiency in pediatric airway and respiratory management.
Factors influencing fake news rebuttal acceptance during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating effect of cognitive ability

Fake news is spreading rapidly on social media and poses a serious threat to the COVID-19 outbreak response. This study thus aims to reveal the factors influencing the acceptance of fake news rebuttals on Sina Weibo. Drawing on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), we used text mining and the econometrics method to investigate the relationships among the central route (rebuttal's information readability and argument quality), peripheral route (rebuttal's source credibility, including authority and influence), and rebuttal acceptance, as well as the moderating effect of receiver's cognitive ability on these relationships. Our findings suggest that source authority had a negative effect on rebuttal acceptance, while source influence had a positive effect. Second, both information readability and argument quality had positive effects on rebuttal acceptance. In addition, individuals with low cognitive abilities relied more on source credibility and argument quality to accept rebuttals, while individuals with high cognitive abilities relied more on information readability. This study can provide decision support for practitioners to establish more effective fake news rebuttal strategies; it is especially valuable to reduce the negative impact of fake news related to major public health emergencies and safeguard the implementation of anti-epidemic strategies.
Pain management in the emergency department: a clinical review

Pain is one of the most common reasons for patients to visit the emergency department. The ever-growing research on emergency department analgesia has challenged the current practices with respect to the optimal analgesic regimen for acute musculoskeletal pain, safe and judicious opioid prescribing, appropriate utilization of non-opioid therapeutics, and non-pharmacological treatment modalities. This clinical review is set to provide evidence-based answers to these challenging questions.
Stakeholder Perspectives on Implementing a Police-Mental Health Collaborative to Improve Pathways to Treatment

High rates of criminal justice involvement among individuals with mental illness have led to collaborative efforts between law enforcement agencies and mental health providers to improve crisis responses and pathways to treatment. The development and implementation of these police-mental health collaborations (PMHCs) have received little attention in the literature, but these processes are crucial in understanding feasibility and sustainability. The PMHC discussed here is an interagency effort to identify individuals involved with law enforcement who have unmet behavioral health needs and engage them in services. Perspectives from leaders, service providers, and clients highlight the importance of developing PMHCs that support individuals with serious mental illness at multiple points, from initial crisis to independent management of treatment. In an environment where police responses to individuals with mental health and substance use disorders are increasingly scrutinized, it is critical to highlight and evaluate ways that behavioral health and law enforcement agencies work together to collaboratively address these problems.
Comparative analysis of modular construction practices in mainland China, Hong Kong and Singapore

Modular construction is considered as the future of the construction industry. While the sector is growing rapidly in some areas, there are still barriers to overcome. For more than two decades, several regions and countries, such as mainland China, Hong Kong, and Singapore, were using prefabricated/ precast components to construct high-rise buildings in both private and public sectors. Such practices suffered from several limitations, which warrant the need for modular construction. Modular construction method needs to evolve so as to meet different regional requirements and restrictions, namely regulations, economy, market and building types. But the regional requirements and constraints on adopting modular construction remain unexplored. These differences are not widely appreciated. Hence, this research aims to perform comparative analysis of modular construction practices in terms of policies, specifications, and real projects in Hong Kong, Singapore, and mainland China. The results of the comparative analysis indicate that Singapore has developed a relatively effective policy system to help the construction industry embrace modular construction, while the three regions have not issued authoritative specifications. In general, modular construction still needs more support from the government, especially in terms of technical guidance and innovation. Cases studies show that the sustainability performance of modular construction is not balanced in terms of the economic, social and environmental dimensions. The lessons and challenges of modular construction drawn from the cases are also summarized. The construction industry should work closely with the government to achieve sustainable construction of modular building. The developed research on modular construction will increase the understanding of common practices in close countries where the industry in each can benefit from such practices to advance the domain. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A disaggregated-level analysis of the relationship among energy production, energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from China

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between energy production, energy consumption, and gross domestic product (GDP) growth in China for the period 1981-2016 (at the disaggregate level). The results of the Hatemi-J cointegration and structural-break tests supported long-term co-integration in the consumption and production of coal, oil, and natural gas. Based on the three models (coal, oil, and natural gas) of energy production and consumption, the fully-modified least square (FMOLS) method results confirmed the presence of long-term positive impact of the consumption and production of coal, oil, and natural gas on GDP growth. The CCR model estimations for robustness were found to be consistent with the FMLOS estimations. The vector error correction mechanism (VECM) based Granger-causality tests identified a one-way causality run from coal production and coal consumption to GDP growth; from GDP growth to gas consumption (supporting conservation hypothesis); from natural gas production to natural gas consumption; and from oil production and oil consumption to GDP growth. The paper draws important policy implications for theory, research and practice. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Identifying and evaluating poverty using multisource remote sensing and point of interest (POI) data: A case study of Chongqing, China

Poverty is a chronic worldwide dilemma that can seriously hamper human sustainable development, which is closely related to economic growth, environmental protection, ecological restoration, and sustainable utilization of resources. Accurately and effectively identifying and evaluating poverty has become an important prerequisite for allowing Chinese governments to make reasonable poverty reduction and alleviation policies. Thus, using Chongqing as a study area, the purpose of this study was to analyze poverty from multiple viewpoints based on multiple data sources. First, a comprehensive poverty index (CPI) was developed by combining nighttime light data, the digital elevation model (DEM), the normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI), and point of interest (POI) data to map poverty at a 500-m spatial resolution. Then, the performance of the CPI was validated with poverty-stricken villages, Google Earth images, and the multidimensional poverty index (MPI). Finally, spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to explore the spatial distribution of poverty across county and town levels. The results revealed that the CPI could provide an effective way of identifying the spatial distribution of poverty when compared with three validated indexes. Most of the rich counties were in the center of Chongqing, whereas the poor counties were located in the northeast and southeast of Chongqing. The Global Moran's I index showed that there were significantly positive spatial autocorrelations of poverty, and that the spatial autocorrelation of poverty was more significant at the town level compared to the county level. Among the selected factors, the POI cost distance was the most import factor for assessing poverty. Our study will be valuable for providing scientific references for the government to implement precise poverty alleviation methods with differentiated policies in China. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
NK-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease successfully treated by second allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection

Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) is a systemic T- or NK-lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) caused by EBV. Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative therapy for CAEBV, but relapse sometimes occurs. Relapse is generally attributed to proliferation of recipient-derived CAEBV cells. We herein report a case of donor-derived CAEBV-like NK-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) in a 41-year-old female after the first allogenic HSCT for CAEBV from an HLA-matched sibling donor. A second HSCT from an HLA-matched unrelated donor successfully controlled the disease, but EBV infection of cells derived from the second donor continued to be detected. Although the mechanisms underlying CAEBV and CAEBV-like NK-cell PTLD have not yet been elucidated in detail, the findings of the present case imply that host genetic factors, including familial factors, may be important in disease development.
Melatonin ameliorates paclitaxel-induced mice spermatogenesis and fertility defects

Chemotherapeutic drug of paclitaxel (PTX) has been shown to cause reproductive toxicity thus affecting male fertility, but its underlying molecular basis is unclear. Melatonin (MLT) can mitigate the reproductive damage caused by certain chemotherapy drugs. In this study, we aimed to identify impact of PTX on the main biological processes and protective effect of MLT on reproductive damage caused by PTX. Mice exposed to PTX mainly impaired spermatogenesis, such as decreased sperm counts, reduced sperm motility and increased abnormal sperm. Decreased expressions of germ cell proliferation-associated protein PCNA and meiosis-related protein SYCP3 induced by PTX were determined by Western blot, while MLT ameliorated this effect and increased the expressions of PCNA, SYCP3, DMC1, STRA8 and fertility-related protein of HSPA2, resulting in significantly improved spermatogenesis and sperm quality levels. In vitro fertilization experiment showed that PTX significantly decreased blastocyst formation rates, which can be improved by MLT administration, but not two-cell development rates. Taken together, this work demonstrated PTX can adversely affect germ cell proliferation and meiosis, which ultimately influence sperm quality and male fertility, and highlighted the protective ability of MLT on ameliorating the side effects of PTX, especially on sperm quality. The results provide information to further the study on the molecular mechanism of PTX's effects on male reproduction and the protective mechanism of MLT.
China's non-fossil energy development and its 2030 CO2 reduction targets: The role of urbanization

China has pledged to peak its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and lower its CO2 intensity by 60-65% from the 2005 level by 2030. Understanding the role of energy structural adjustment in achieving such targets is critical along with China's rapid urbanization process. This study aims to uncover the drivers of China's non-fossil energy development during 1990-2016, and conduct scenarios and probability analyses of different energy consumption and CO2 emission trajectories until 2050. Results show that economic scale plays a key role with urbanization identified as an essential factor in driving non-fossil energy development. The consumption of fossil fuels will continue to increase with rapid urbanization, leading to higher CO2 emissions. China will only achieve the 2030 targets if energy structural adjustment is completed on schedule. Under the current policies, CO2 emissions may peak between 2030 and 2032, while CO2 intensity will decrease. Such findings provide valuable insights and suggest that China should achieve low carbon transition through energy structural adjustment, while taking urbanization as an opportunity.