ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Spread Estimation With Non-Duplicate Sampling in High-Speed Networks

Per-flow spread measurement in high-speed networks has many practical applications. It is a more difficult problem than the traditional per-flow size measurement. Most prior work is based on sketches, focusing on reducing their space requirements in order to fit in on-chip cache memory. This design allows the measurement to be performed at the line rate, but it suffers from expensive computation for spread queries (unsuitable for online operations) and large errors in spread estimation for small flows. This paper complements the prior art with a new spread estimator design based on an on-chip/off-chip model. By storing traffic statistics in off-chip memory, our new design faces a key technical challenge to design an efficient online module of non-duplicate sampling that cuts down the off-chip memory access. We first propose a two-stage solution for non-duplicate sampling, which is efficient but cannot handle well a sampling probability that is either too small or too big. We then address this limitation through a three-stage solution that is more space-efficient. Our analysis shows that the proposed spread estimator is highly configurable for a variety of probabilistic performance guarantees. We implement our spread estimator in hardware using FPGA. The experiment results based on real Internet traffic traces show that our estimator produces spread estimation with much better accuracy than the prior art, reducing the mean relative (absolute) error by about one order of magnitude. Moreover, it increases the query throughput by around three orders of magnitude, making it suitable for supporting online queries in real time.
Spatial and seasonal distribution of microplastic in surface water of Bueng Boraphet Wetland-a Ramsar wetland in Thailand

This study sought to assess microplastic contamination in the surface water of the inland freshwater wetland, Bueng Boraphet Wetland, Thailand, which is a lentic system with various land-use patterns, including community areas, agricultural areas, and natural resource conservation areas. In 2019, water samples were collected during the wet and dry periods from the three land-use zones at depths of 0-30 cm using a plankton net with 333 µm in mesh size. The water samples were digested via a wet peroxide oxidation process prior to the identification of microplastic morphology using a stereomicroscope. The polymer types of microplastic were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry. Microplastic was found to range from 0.00 to 4.61 particles/m2 (0.34 ± 0.81 particles/m2) or 0.0 to 19.57 particles/m3 (1.44 ± 3.4 particles/m3). Furthermore, significantly high amounts of microplastics were found in samples from the community area. No microplastic was detected in the sample from the natural resource conservation area. The quantity of microplastic did not significantly differ between the sampling periods. Polymer types, including polyester, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate, were identified in this study. The microplastics were predominantly small and were colored black or red. Microplastic with a fiber shape (93.8%) was observed. Besides the specific gravity of the microplastic and hydrological characteristics, the high concentration of microplastics found in samples from the community area (0.62 ± 0.79 particles/m2 or 2.63 ± 3.36 particles/m3) is likely related to the high human pressure. As microplastic contamination can impact aquatic animals and wetland ecosystems, appropriate control measures for human activities and plastic waste management are required.
Contained Morcellation for Laparoscopic Myomectomy Within a Specially Designed Bag

A technique of contained morcellation of uterine myomas within a bag specially designed for 2-port morcellation during laparoscopic myomectomy is described. Ten patients underwent in-bag morcellation of myomas with a tissue isolation bag (MorSafe) between November 2014 and January 2015. The MorSafe tissue isolation bag is a retort-shaped bag made of medical-grade flexible plastic material with the wider opening of 134 mm in diameter and the tail end measuring 4 mm in diameter, allowing easy accomodation of specimens up to 12 cm in diameter. This technique involves placing the myomas into the isolation bag within the abdomen, exteriorizing the tail end of the bag, insufflating the bag within the peritoneal cavity, and morcellating the myomas under vision. Demographic and perioperative characteristics were studied. The mean operative time was 117 minutes (range, 75-195 minutes), the mean time for specimen introduction into the bag was 12.5 minutes (range, 7-22 minutes), and the mean time for morcellation and bag removal was 24.8 minutes (range, 10-50 minutes). There were no complications related to the in-bag morcellation technique, and there was no visual evidence of damage to the isolation bag. In-bag morcellation using this new bag is a feasible technique for morcellating uterine myomas in a contained manner and may provide an option to minimize the risks of open power morcellation while preserving the benefits of minimally invasive surgery.
Methylglyoxal induces multiple serine phosphorylation in insulin receptor substrate 1 via the TAK1-p38-mTORC1 signaling axis in adipocytes

Certain metabolic intermediates produced during metabolism are known to regulate a wide range of cellular processes. Methylglyoxal (MG), a natural metabolite derived from glycolysis, has been shown to negatively influence systemic metabolism by inducing glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and diabetic complications. MG plays a functional role as a signaling molecule that initiates signal transduction. However, the specific relationship between MG-induced activation of signal transduction and its negative effects on metabolism remains unclear. Here, we found that MG activated mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in adipocytes, and that the transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is needed to activate p38-mTORC1 signaling following treatment with MG. We also found that MG increased the phosphorylation levels of serine residues in insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, which is involved in its negative regulation, thereby attenuating insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation in IRS-1. The negative effect of MG on insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation was exerted due to the MG-induced activation of the TAK1-p38-mTORC1 signaling axis. The involvement of the TAK1-p38-mTORC1 signaling axis in the induction of IRS-1 multiple serine phosphorylation was not unique to MG, as the proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α, also activated the same signaling axis. Therefore, our findings suggest that MG-induced activation of the TAK1-p38-mTORC1 signaling axis caused multiple serine phosphorylation on IRS-1, potentially contributing to insulin resistance.
Native Top-Down Mass Spectrometry Reveals a Role for Interfacial Glycans on Therapeutic Cytokine and Hormone Assemblies

Oligomerization and glycosylation modulate therapeutic glycoprotein stability and efficacy. The interplay between these two critical attributes on therapeutic glycoproteins, is however often hard to define. Here, we present a native top-down mass spectrometry (MS) approach to assess the glycosylation status of therapeutic cytokine and hormone assemblies and relate interfacial glycan occupancy to complex stability. We found that interfacial O-glycan stabilizes tumor necrosis factor-α trimer. On the contrary, interferon-β1a dimerization is independent of glycosylation. Moreover, we discovered a unique distribution of N-glycans on the follicle-stimulating hormone α subunit. We found that the interfacial N-glycan, at Asn52 of the α subunit, interacts extensively with the β subunit to regulate the dimer assembly. Overall, we have exemplified a method to link glycosylation with assembly status, for cytokines and hormones, critical for informing optimal stability and bioavailability.
A Redox-Controlled Substrate Engineering Strategy for Site-Specific Enzymatic Fucosylation

Fucosylation is one of the most common modifications of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine (oligo-LacNAc) glycans. However, none of known fucosyltransferases (FucTs) could install the α1,3-linked fucose to the oligo-LacNAc substrates in a site-specific manner. Here, we report a facile and general redox-controlled substrate engineering strategy for the site-specific α1,3-fucosylation of complex glycans containing multiple LacNAc units. This strategy takes advantage of an operationally simple oxidation enzyme module by using galactose oxidase (GOase) to convert the LacNAc unit into oxidized C6'-aldehyde LacNAc sequence, which is not a good substrate for recombinant α1,3-FucT from Helicobacter pylori strain 26695 (Hpα1,3FucT), enabling the site-specific α1,3-fucosylation at intact LacNAc sites. The general applicability and robustness of this strategy were demonstrated by the synthesis of a variety of structurally well-defined fucosides of linear and branched O- and N-linked glycans.
Endometriosis and Infertility: A Long-Life Approach to Preserve Reproductive Integrity

Laparoscopic surgery was originally considered the gold standard in the treatment of endometriosis-related infertility. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) was indicated as second-line treatment or in the case of male factor. The combined approach of surgery followed by ART proved to offer higher chances of pregnancy in infertile women with endometriosis. However, it was highlighted how pelvic surgery for endometriosis, especially in cases of ovarian endometriomas, could cause iatrogenic damage due to ovarian reserve loss, adhesion formation (scarring), and ischemic damage. Furthermore, in the last few years, the trend to delay the first childbirth, recent technological advances in ultrasound diagnosis, and technological progress in clinical and laboratory aspects of ART have certainly influenced the approach to infertility and endometriosis with, ART assuming a more relevant role. Management of endometriosis should take into account that the disease is chronic and involves the reproductive system. Consequently, treatment and counselling should aim to preserve the chances of pregnancy for the patient, even if it is not associated with infertility. This review will analyse the evolution of the management of infertility associated with endometriosis and propose an algorithm for treatment decision-making based on the most recent acquisitions.
The Rich Nonprofits Get Richer: Centering Psychiatric Grant Funding at the Margins

Community psychiatrists serve multiple institutional roles, and at times these roles may include the review of grant proposals from nonprofit organizations. In this column, the authors argue that privilege and social capital can easily become concentrated among a small group of centralized model organizations and influence the grant review process. Established and wealthy nonprofits can co-opt the growing interest in health equity by leveraging their existing resources, thereby excluding emerging organizations within communities in need. By applying a structural lens to this problem, funding entities can identify approaches that more effectively promote equity throughout the grant life cycle.
Interconnect-Aware Area and Energy Optimization for In-Memory Acceleration of DNNs

State-of-the-art in-memory computing (IMC) architectures employ an array of homogeneous tiles and severely underutilize processing elements (PEs). In this article, the authors propose an area and energy optimization methodology to generate a heterogeneous IMC architecture coupled with an optimized Network-on-Chip (NoC) for deep neural network (DNN) acceleration. -Yiran Chen, Duke University
Fast and Efficient Convolutional Accelerator for Edge Computing

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a vital approach in machine learning. However, their high complexity and energy consumption make them challenging to embed in mobile applications at the edge requiring real-time processes such as smart phones. In order to meet the real-time constraint of edge devices, recently proposed custom hardware CNN accelerators have exploited parallel processing elements (PEs) to increase throughput. However, this straightforward parallelization of PEs and high memory bandwidth require high data movement, leading to large energy consumption. As a result, only a certain number of PEs can be instantiated when designing bandwidth-limited custom accelerators targeting edge devices. While most bandwidth-limited designs claim a peak performance of a few hundred giga operations per second, their average runtime performance is substantially lower than their roofline when applied to state-of-the-art CNNs such as AlexNet, VGGNet and ResNet, as a result of low resource utilization and arithmetic intensity. In this work, we propose a zero-activation-skipping convolutional accelerator (ZASCA) that avoids noncontributory multiplications with zero-valued activations. ZASCA employs a dataflow that minimizes the gap between its average and peak performances while maximizing its arithmetic intensity for both sparse and dense representations of activations, targeting the bandwidth-limited edge computing scenario. More precisely, ZASCA achieves a performance efficiency of up to 94 percent over a set of state-of-the-art CNNs for image classification with dense representation where the performance efficiency is the ratio between the average runtime performance and the peak performance. Using its zero-skipping feature, ZASCA can further improve the performance efficiency of the state-of-the-art CNNs by up to 1.9 x depending on the sparsity degree of activations. The implementation results in 65-nm TSMC CMOS technology show that, compared to the most energy-efficient accelerator, ZASCA can process convolutions from 5.5 x to 17.5 x faster, and is between 2.1 x and 4.5 x more energy efficient while occupying 2.1 x less silicon area.
Eye pupil localization with an ensemble of randomized trees

We describe a method for eye pupil localization based on an ensemble of randomized regression trees and use several publicly available datasets for its quantitative and qualitative evaluation. The method compares well with reported state-of-the-art and runs in real-time on hardware with limited processing power, such as mobile devices. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
(Dis)entangled bodies or the (be)holder vs. the spectator: Detached views of Early Cycladic figures and figurines

Third millennium B.C. anthropomorphic marble sculpture from the Aegean Cyclades, the so-called Early Cycladic figures and figurines, have fascinated art aficionados and scholars alike for over a century. This has led to a tremendous amount of aesthetic appreciation and monetary value for the aforementioned artifacts. However, a distorted and more important dissociated and decontextualized view of the figurines as objets d' art has traditionally impeded interpretative approaches to a great extent. With recent advances in the neurosciences and especially the rapprochement between the neuro- and the social sciences a new range of possibilities is offered for the study of the brain as manifested in technical acts, in this case the making, using, and sometimes breaking, of sculpture, and the reciprocal shaping of the world by the mind and the mind by the world that surrounds it. A multisensory view of EC sculpture is suggested here corroborated by ethnographic evidence as a research avenue of great potential. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
Pazopanib-laden lipid based nanovesicular delivery with augmented oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy against non-small cell lung cancer

The present investigation deals with the pazopanib-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (Pazo-SLNs) and their in-vitro and in-vivo assessments. Quality by design approach employing the Plackett-Burman and central composite design was used to identify the formulation variables, including drug/lipid ratio, organic/aqueous phase ratio, and surfactant concentration with a significant impact on the process and to fabricate a safe and efficacious novel oral dosage form of pazopanib. Particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential of optimal Pazo-SLNs formulation were 210.03 ± 7.68 nm, 13.35 ± 0.95 %, 79.05 ± 2.55 % and -18.29 ± 1.89 mV (n = 3) respectively. FTIR study affirmed the absence of incompatibilities between the drug and the excipients. DSC and XRD measurements substantiated the amorphous form of pazopanib entrapped within the SLNs. Pazo-SLNs demonstrated high cellular uptake, showed substantial cytotoxicity to A-549 lung cancer cells due to apoptotic mode and inhibited tyrosine kinase in-vitro. Pazo-SLNs were found to be stable for three months. SLNs greatly ameliorated the pharmacokinetic behavior and bioavailability (9.5 folds) of pazopanib with a sustained-release pattern (92.67 ± 4.68 % within 24 h). A biodistribution study corroborated the lung targeting potential of Pazo-SLNs. Thus, SLNs could potentially boost the oral route efficacy of pazopanib against cancer cells.
The APISSER Methodology for Systematic Literature Reviews in Engineering

[Background] Every research topic is first to be addressed by understanding its current state of the art. A systematic literature review is a trustworthy method for establishing the published state of the art of any given topic. In engineering sciences, we have failed to consistently, methodologically, and thoroughly execute systematic literature reviews at the beginning of every research path, and to standardize the method to do so. Currently available methodologies fail to link a method to a customized and much-needed tool support. If the high-effort demanding task of executing a systematic literature review is not well tool-supported, it will soon become manually unmanageable to handle the large amount of data involved. [Objective] Therefore, we want to take a step forward towards standardizing the methodology for executing systematic literature reviews in engineering by proposing a tool-supported and task-oriented engineering flow methodology to execute systematic literature reviews in engineering. [Method] Based on the well-known and proven Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology from medical sciences, we adapted and enhanced the method to follow a task-oriented engineering flow and to be supported by customized tools. [Results] In this paper, we first present the APISSER methodology for systematic literature reviews in engineering, and then show its practical application in a case study. [Conclusion] We have shown how the method successfully results in the collection of valid literature to report a trustworthy published state of the art in engineering sciences.
The mechanism of renewable energy consumption, technological innovation and carbon productivity-an empirical study of Chinese data

Renewable energy consumption has a strong impetus in promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, which is a new path leading to clean and low-carbon development. Based on that, this paper uses the data of carbon productivity, renewable energy power consumption level, technological progress, national economic development level, population, energy efficiency, industrial structure rationality, and other data in 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, based on the STIRPAT model, conducts an empirical analysis on the impact of renewable energy power consumption on carbon productivity in Chinese provinces while considering both the spatial horizontal dimension and the temporal vertical dimension. The empirical results show that (1) Chinese carbon productivity presents an obvious spatial spillover effect and presents the spatial positive correlation distribution characteristics of "high-high" type agglomeration and "low-low" type agglomeration. (2) The utilization of renewable energy plays a positive role in promoting the development of low-carbon economy. The perspective of the horizontal spatial dimension shows a positive spatial spillover effect. The perspective of the longitudinal time dimension shows a marginal increase in the overall improvement of the environment. (3) Among the seven regions in China, the consumption of renewable energy in North China, East China, and Central China brings a dominant effect on carbon productivity. (4) About 29% of the positive effect of renewable energy consumption on carbon productivity is indirectly realized by technological progress. Finally, the article puts forward targeted policy suggestions.
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers for cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis at 7 T

Substantial cortical gray matter tissue damage, which correlates with clinical disease severity, has been revealed in multiple sclerosis (MS) using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods at 3 T and the use of ultra-high field, as well as in histopathology studies. While clinical assessment mainly focuses on lesions using T 1  - and T 2  -weighted MRI, quantitative MRI (qMRI) methods are capable of uncovering subtle microstructural changes. The aim of this ultra-high field study is to extract possible future MR biomarkers for the quantitative evaluation of regional cortical pathology. Because of their sensitivity to iron, myelin, and in part specifically to cortical demyelination, T 1  , T 2  , R 2 *  , and susceptibility mapping were performed including two novel susceptibility markers; in addition, cortical thickness as well as the volumes of 34 cortical regions were computed. Data were acquired in 20 patients and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In 18 cortical regions, large to very large effect sizes (Cohen's d ≥ 1) and statistically significant differences in qMRI values between patients and controls were revealed compared with only four regions when using more standard MR measures, namely, volume and cortical thickness. Moreover, a decrease in all susceptibility contrasts ( χ , χ +  , χ - ) and R 2 *  values indicates that the role of cortical demyelination might outweigh inflammatory processes in the form of iron accumulation in cortical MS pathology, and might also indicate iron loss. A significant association between susceptibility contrasts as well as R 2 *  of the caudal middle frontal gyrus and disease duration was found (adjusted R2 : 0.602, p = 0.0011). Quantitative MRI parameters might be more sensitive towards regional cortical pathology compared with the use of conventional markers only and therefore may play a role in early detection of tissue damage in MS in the future.
RESEARCH ON THE TREND OF ECOLOGICAL AESTHETICS IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL ART DESIGN

In the relatively young field of landscape ecology, a prominent theme is the development of ecological aesthetics. Landscape ecologists and others are concerned with eiwironmental planning and management of ecological sustainability and enviromnental aesthetics. This article mainly studies the Trend of Ecological Aesthetics in Urban Environmental Art Design through literature research New evidence from various research fields is presented, which indicates that ecological aesthetics in urban environmental art design may reduce stress and have an impact on health, cognition and social psychology. Although in its infancy, research in these areas has shown important potential benefits related to the visual quality of the environment, which underscores the importance of research regarding the potential benefits of ecological aesthetics in urban enviromnental art design.