ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
The heterogeneous effect of driving factors on carbon emission intensity in the Chinese transport sector: Evidence from dynamic panel quantile regression

The transport sector is becoming a key sector for China to accomplish its targets for reducing carbon emission intensity (CEI). Identifying the dominant factors driving CEI of the transport sector is important for CEI mitigation. This paper applied dynamic panel quantile regression to explore the effect of driving factors on CEI in the Chinese transport sector at the provincial level during 2000-2016. The empirical findings indicate that economic growth has a positive influence on CEI at low quantiles, whereas this effect is the opposite at high quantiles. Further, the findings show an inverted U-shaped pattern between economic growth and CEI at lowquantiles, which validates the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in low-CEI provinces. Energy intensity positively influences CEI, with the greatest impact occurring at higher quantiles. Among the lowest CEI provinces, private vehicles and cargo turnover appear to contribute to CEI, and a positive impact of urbanization exists, except at the 5th and 30th quantiles. In conclusion, policy implications for effectively promoting the CEI abatement in the transport sector are discussed. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Profiling of widely targeted metabolomics for the identification of chemical composition in epidermis, xylem and pith of Gleditsiae Spina

Gleditsiae Spina, the thorn of Gleditsia sinensis Lam., has a long history of being used as a traditional medicine in East Asian countries. However, only a few biologically active substances have been identified from it. In this study, the epidermis, xylem and pith of Gleditsiae Spina, respectively Gs-E, Gs-X and Gs-P, were studied. We used a widely targeted metabolomics method to investigate the chemical composition of Gs-E, Gs-X and Gs-P. A total of 728 putative metabolites were identified from Gleditsiae Spina, including 211 primary metabolites and 517 secondary metabolites. These primary and secondary metabolites could be categorized into more than 10 different classes. Flavonoids, phenolic acids, lipids, amino acids and derivatives, and organic acids constituted the main metabolite groups. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that the Gs-E, Gs-X and Gs-P samples could be clearly separated. Differential accumulated metabolite (DAM) analysis revealed that more than half of the DAMs exhibited the highest relative concentrations in Gs-E, and most of the DAMs showed the lowest relative concentrations in Gs-X. Moreover, 11 common differential primary metabolites and 79 common differential secondary metabolites were detected in all comparison groups. These results further our understanding of chemical composition and metabolite accumulation of Gleditsiae Spina.
Alleviation of salinity stress effects on agro-physiological traits of wheat by auxin, glycine betaine, and soil additives

Soil salinity is a major constraint to wheat production; it causes a severe reduction in wheat growth and yield. Alleviation of salinity effects on physiological, biochemical, and yield of wheat cultivars; Sids 14 and Misr 3 using some soil additions (control, Molasses and Humic acid), compatible solutes, and growth regulators (water as control, Naphthalene acetic acid, and Glycine betaine) were investigated in salt-affected soils. Results indicated that Misr 3 was superior to Sids 14 in all studied characteristics except flag leaf area, relative water content, plant height and recorded lower and desirable value of leaf temperature. The addition of Molasses (24 L ha-1) or Humic acid (12 L ha-1) significantly increased physiological and biochemical characteristics. At the same time, flag leaf temperature, proline, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were decreased, yield and its attributes also increased except No. kernel spike-1. Foliar spray of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 30 mg L-1. or glycine betaine (GB 100 mM) also positively affected the studied characteristics, where Glycine betaine recorded the highest Relative water content and Fv/Fm. In contrast, NAA recorded the most increased Catalase (CAT) activity, and the Number of spikes m-2 and insignificant differences were observed between them in grain yield. It could be recommended the cultivation of Misr 3 with Molasses and GB under saline soils.
Analysis of regional energy economic efficiency and its influencing factors: A case study of Yangtze river urban agglomeration

The current economic development is based on high input and high consumption, which is contrary to the current green development concept. Improving energy economic efficiency is a powerful way to balance economic development and energy consumption. This paper focuses on estimation of energy economic efficiency of Yangtze River Urban Agglomeration (YRUA). The Slack-Based Model (SBM) was used to estimate the energy economic efficiency of each city by using data from 2008 to 2017. Moreover, in order to better explore the constraints of energy economic efficiency improvement, the energy economic efficiency is decomposed into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Combined with Moran index, the spatial distribution characteristics of energy efficiency in urban agglomeration are studied. The Tobit regression model was used to analysis on influencing factors of the energy economic efficiency. The results showed that the energy economic efficiency of the YRUA first declined and then increased overall. Particularly, the economic efficiency of Suzhou and Wuxi has been in the effective state of the evaluation unit, while the energy efficiency of Yangzhou, Taizhou and Zhenjiang is relatively low. From the perspective of its decomposition index, scale efficiency is the main factor restricting the efficiency of energy economy. On the one hand, the energy economic efficiency of urban agglomeration has a certain spatial aggregation, and its spatial distribution is positively correlated. On the other hand, the effect of technological progress on energy economic efficiency is not significant. The industrial structure is negatively correlated with the energy economic efficiency. Therefore, the industrial structure, economic development level and urbanization level can be promoted to improve energy economic efficiency.
Small-scale CCHP systems for waste heat recovery from cement plants: Thermodynamic, sustainability and economic implications

In this paper, different combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) systems are introduced and studied for waste heat recovery from a cement plant located in Sanliurfa, Turkey considering domestic applications. One of the systems is based on the steam Rankine cycle and the next is based on recuperative organic Rankine cycle (ORC), while both of them are equipped with a LiBr-H2O absorption chiller to produce cooling. Different working fluids are considered in the ORC simulation. Energy, exergy and exergoeconomic principles are applied to compare the examined systems from thermodynamic, sustainability and economic aspects. It is observed that utilizing siloxanes as the working fluid leads to efficient performance of the ORC. Besides, employed heat recovery steam generator in the Rankine cycle and evaporator in the ORC found to be the most exergy destructive components. Results revealed that the CCHP system operating with ORC (MM as working fluid) has a better performance thermodynamically with energy utilization factor, exergy efficiency and sustainability index of 98.07, 63.6% and 2.747, respectively. This is while, Rankine-based CCHP is economically preferable with a payback period of 4.738 year compared to the system operating with ORC and a payback period of 5.074 year. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Quantifying the potential of recycling demolition waste generated from urban renewal: A case study in Shenzhen, China

Large-scale demolition waste was generated during urban renewal. How to accurately quantify the potential of recycling large amounts of demolition waste has been widely considered a prerequisite for effective waste management, as it contributes to numbers and scales of recycling enterprises being managed and planned in advance. However, there is limited research, if any, focusing on this niche area. This study aims to quantify the potential of recycling demolition waste amidst urban renewal by considering actual market situations and different waste types. Firstly, the whole recycling process of demolition waste was scrutinized by using the free-flow mapping technique. Models for quantifying recycling potential of non-inert and inert demolition waste were then established, respectively, based on economic value and the principle of mass conservation. Finally, a case study was conducted to verify the models by putting them into the context of Shenzhen, a young and vibrating city in China but subject to massive urban renewal pressure. Results show that the recycling process of demolition waste is mainly divided into offsite and onsite recycling, both including five stages, viz, waste generation, on-site treatment, transportation, recycling, and product regeneration. In addition, different types of demolition waste have their respective recycling potential. The recycling potential of non-inert demolition waste is RMB 19,315.85 million yuan. In contrast, the recycling potential of inert demolition waste depends on types of recyclable products, with 18.41 million tons of recyclable bricks, 7.02 million tons of mortar, 28.36 million tons of aggregate, and 4.16 million tons of lightweight wallboard. Findings of this study improve the accuracy of the existing quantification methods. The research provides useful reference for the recycling industry to adjust production scale and arrange production sites to fully harness the waste recycling potential. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Global estimation of mortality, disability-adjusted life years and welfare cost from exposure to ambient air pollution

Environmental pollution in the era of sustained economic development is an inevitable occurrence. However, the rising levels of pollutant emissions hamper air quality, hence, affecting health outcomes. Previous studies have assessed the case-by-case effect of ambient air pollution on mortality and morbidity, however, the impact on disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and welfare cost have not been investigated entirely. Here, we conduct an empirical analysis of the 28-Year trend to analyze the nexus between ambient particulate matter and ozone, mortality, DALYs, and welfare cost across 195 countries and territories by employing novel dynamic panel estimation methods. We find that none of the 195 countries and territories studied between 1990 and 2017 meet WHO guideline for air quality, thus, mitigating ambient air pollution is at risk. However, Spain with an annual average of PM2.5 not exceeding 15.12 mu g/m(3) is closer to WHO guideline of 10 mu g/m(3)/annum. Among the countries (China, the US, Russia, India, Germany and Japan) with the highest welfare cost of premature death associatedwith the exposure to outdoor PM2.5 and ozone, China is themost vulnerable to economic burden - spending US$1.58 trillion (constant 2010) in 2017. This study demonstrates that ambient air pollution has a significant impact on economic development (welfare cost) and health outcomes (mortality, premature deaths, and DALYs). (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
Proposal and assessment of a novel combined heat and power system: Energy, exergy, environmental and economic analysis

This research aims at developing a small-scale novel cogeneration system to satisfy all of the electrical and heating demands of a typical residential complex. The proposed system is integrated of a gas turbine cycle (GTC) and a Kalina cycle (KC). A comprehensive parametric study is presented for evaluating the proposed system from energy, exergy, environmental and economic (4E) points of view. The system's governing equations are solved and validated through developing a high-accuracy computational code in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software. The effects of some important design parameters (including compressor pressure ratio, base ammonia concentration, generator pressure and condenser pinch point temperature difference) are investigated on four appropriate criteria of energy efficiency (eta(th)), exergy efficiency (eta(ex)), levelized total emissions (LTE) and levelized total costs (LTC). Furthermore, two economic methods, payback period (PP) and net present value (NPV), are also investigated. The results show that, the simulation outputs at base design conditions are as eta(th) = 69.43%, eta(ex) = 37.90%, LTE = 87998 kg/kW, LTC = 8958 $/kW, PP = 3.34 years and NPV = 878679 $. The results of parametric analysis reveal that there is an optimal compressor pressure ratio which leads to maximum eta(th) and eta(ex) and minimum LTE and LTC. The combustion chamber of GTC has the maximum share in system's total exergy destruction (with 55.95% of total exergy destruction). Also, the entire KC has a low contribution of 3.396% in total exergy destruction.
Environmental pollution, economic growth, population, industrialization, and technology in weak and strong sustainability: using STIRPAT model

The recent decades have witnessed an alarmingly phenomenal rise in population and economic growth, increasing the global resource demand and environmental degradation. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between population, industrialization, affluence, technology, and sustainability. Approaching sustainability, a couple of viewpoints including weak and strong sustainability establish two different priorities, albeit with possibly the same factors as in the IPAT and STIRPAT models. This paper employs STIRPAT equation to estimate the relationships between population, industrialization, affluence, technology, and sustainability in MENA and OECD countries during 1975-2015. The results suggest that weak and strong sustainability, albeit slightly, is affected negatively by population and industrialization, and positively by technology and international agreements on environment, in MENA and OECD countries during 1975-2015. Therefore, the policy-makers in sustainability are advised to develop preventive and qualitative strategies for population and industrial activities, but inflationary ones for technology; besides the governments are suggested to confirm, join, and sign the international treaties on environmental conservation.
Design and Characterization of Atorvastatin Dry Powder Formulation as a potential Lung Cancer Treatment

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. Many studies have shown the beneficial effects of Atorvastatin in decreasing the mortality risk and improving survival among patients with lung cancer. This research paper focuses on improving AVT cytotoxic activity and cellular uptake by developing mannitol microcarriers as a promising drug delivery system for lung cancer treatment and, studying the impact of improving inhalation deposition on the delivery and Dry Powder formulations efficiency. The AVT loaded mannitol (AM) microparticles (AVT-AM) formulation was prepared by spray drying and characterized for its physicochemical properties and aerodynamic deposition. The results revealed that the AVT-AM formulation has good flow properties and aerosol deposition with a particle size of 3418 nm ± 26.86. The formulation was also assessed in vitro for cytotoxicity effects (proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression) on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma. Compared with free AVT, the AVT-AM formulation has significantly higher cellular uptake and anti-cancer properties by disrupting cell cycle progression via either apoptosis or cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. This study shows that AVT loaded mannitol microcarriers may provide a potentially effective and sustained pulmonary drug delivery for lung cancer treatment.
Robotic versus laparoscopic low anterior resection following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for stage II-III locally advanced rectal cancer: a single-centre cohort study

Neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (nCRT) of locally advanced rectal cancer is associated with challenging surgical treatment and increased postoperative morbidity. Robotic technology overcomes laparoscopy limitations by enlarged 3D view, improved anatomical transection accuracy, and physiologic tremor reduction. Patients with UICC stage II-III rectal cancer, consecutively referred to our institution between March 2015 and June 2020 (n = 102) were treated with robotic (Rob-G, n = 38) or laparoscopic (Lap-G, n = 64) low anterior resection (LAR) for total meso-rectal excision (TME) following highly standardized and successful nCRT treatment. Feasibility, conversion rates, stoma creation, morbidity and clinical/pathological outcome were comparatively analysed. Sex, age, BMI, ASA scores, cTN stages and tumour distance from dentate line were comparable in the two groups. Robotic resection was always feasible without conversion to open surgery, which was necessary in 11/64 (17%) Lap-G operations (p = 0.006). Primary or secondary stomata were created in 17/38 (45%) Rob-G and 52/64 (81%) Lap-G patients (p < 0.001). Major morbidity occurred in 7/38 (18.4%) Rob-G and 6/64 (9.3%) Lap-G patients (p = 0.225). Although median operation time was longer in Rob-G compared with Lap-G (376; IQR: 330-417 min vs. 300; IQR: 270-358 min; p < 0.001), the difference was not significant in patients (Rob-G, n = 6; Lap-G, n = 10) with ≥30 BMI (p = 0.106). Number of resected lymph nodes, ypTN staging and circumferential resection margins (CRM) were comparable. Resection was complete in 87% of Rob-G and 89% of Lap-G patients (p = 0.750). Robotic LAR is not inferior to laparoscopic LAR following nCRT. Larger, randomized studies are needed to confirm lower conversion in robotic, compared to laparoscopic resection.
Development and application of novel BiFC probes for cell sorting based on epigenetic modification

The epigenetic signature of cancer cells varies with disease progression and drug treatment, necessitating the study of these modifications with single cell resolution over time. The rapid detection and sorting of cells based on their underlying epigenetic modifications by flow cytometry can enable single cell measurement and tracking to understand tumor heterogeneity and progression warranting the development of a live-cell compatible epigenome probes. In this work, we developed epigenetic probes based on bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and demonstrated their capabilities in quantifying and sorting cells based on their epigenetic modification contents. The sorted cells are viable and exhibit distinctive responses to chemo-therapy drugs. Notably, subpopulations of MCF7 cells with higher H3K9me3 levels are more likely to develop resistance to Doxorubicin. Subpopulations with higher 5mC levels, on the other hand, tend to be more responsive. Overall, we report for the first time, the application of novel split probes in flow cytometry application and elucidated the potential role of 5mC and H3K9me3 in determining drug responses.
A novel cooperative game network DEA model for marine circular economy performance evaluation of China

This paper proposes a novel cooperative game network DEA model for evaluating marine circular economy (MCE) performance. The proposed model considers the bidirectional link between the economic production (EP) and environmental treatment (ET) subsystems within the MCE system. Then, the cooperative game strategy between subsystems is modeled by maximizing the factor inefficiency both of subsystems into the model's measurement from a centralized control perspective. The evaluation results of China's regional MCE performances over 2006-2015 show that while most coastal areas have a better efficiency score for the EP system, their performance of the ET system is worse and leads to poor MCE performances. In addition, converge analysis indicates that there exists beta converge of efficiency difference across coastal regions in the long term. Furthermore, the efficiency decomposition reveals that many inefficient environmental treatment inputs contribute to the worse performance of the ET system. Based on the above findings, several specific policy implications for the existing problems are provided to promote China's MCE. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Solid-Ionic Memory in a van der Waals Heterostructure

Defect states dominate the performance of low-dimensional nanoelectronics, which deteriorate the serviceability of devices in most cases. But in recent years, some intriguing functionalities are discovered by defect engineering. In this work, we demonstrate a bifunctional memory device of a MoS2/BiFeO3/SrTiO3 van der Waals heterostructure, which can be programmed and erased by solely one kind of external stimuli (light or electrical-gate pulse) via engineering of oxygen-vacancy-based solid-ionic gating. The device shows multibit electrical memory capability (>22 bits) with a large linearly tunable dynamic range of 7.1 × 106 (137 dB). Furthermore, the device can be programmed by green- and red-light illuminations and then erased by UV light pulses. Besides, the photoresponse under red-light illumination reaches a high photoresponsivity (6.7 × 104 A/W) and photodetectivity (2.12 × 1013 Jones). These results highlighted solid-ionic memory for building up multifunctional electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Thermo-economic modeling and analysis of an NG-fueled SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC hybrid energy conversion system for stationary electricity power generation

The natural gas fueled system coupling solid oxide fuel cell, water gas shift reaction, thermal swing adsorption and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (SOFC-WGS-TSA-PEMFC) could have a high efficiency and fast response for power generation. The thermo-economic analyses show that the hybrid system could have a better economy for electricity generation, whose specific electricity cost with LaNi5 as the thermal swing adsorption (TSA) working medium is 4.058 cent/kW h only, remarkably lower than that of a standard power plant (5.46 cent/kW h). The sensitivity analysis indicates the low sensitivity of the system to the market price fluctuation. When using the Mg+2 wt%Ni or TiFe metal hydride with the higher hydrogen capacity and the cheaper price as the TSA working medium for H-2 production, the specific electricity energy cost can be further reduced to 3.958 cent/kW h, which could be more economical than that with the traditional pressure swing adsorption or the membrane reactor for H-2 production. In addition, the large-scale electricity power generation helps to cut down the system specific cost. These results reveal that the hybrid system could be a promising and economical energy conversion system for stationary electricity power generation. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.