ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Research on the impact of multi-dimensional urbanization on China's carbon emissions under the background of COP21

The Paris Agreement (COP21) further defines the concept of global climate governance as low-carbon green development. Urbanization and carbon emissions are two major characteristics of modern Chinese economic and social development. China's new urbanization requires not only the realization of population, the harmonization of land and economic urbanization also requires the protection of the ecological environment in the process of urbanization to achieve green and low-carbon development. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the influencing factors of carbon emissions and compare their differences based on spatial econometric models and from various perspectives of urbanization. Empirical findings of the study are as follows: (1) The Moran's I indexes are all above 0.5, the spatial effects of regional carbon emissions are significant, and it cannot be ignored. Similarly, it shows that the optimal model is a spatial doubly model with dual fixed effects. (2) Direct effects of population, land, and economic urbanization are positive. Whereas, indirect effect about population urbanization is negative, but its total effect is same direction change with carbon emissions. Indirect and total effect of land urbanization are negative, indirect effect of economic urbanization is small and total effect is significantly positive. (3) Per capita GDP, energy intensity, and environmental regulation variables of control variables are all positive; opening to outside be positive but not obvious.
Thermodynamic analysis on the combination of supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle and transcritical carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle for the waste heat recovery of shipboard

With excellent physical properties, carbon dioxide has been widely employed as a working fluid in efficient energy conversion technologies, which are represented by supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle and transcritical carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle. In this contribution, with the aim to recover the waste heat of shipboard, a combined system coupling carbon dioxide Brayton cycle and refrigeration cycle is proposed to simultaneously produce power and cooling. In order to alleviate the temperature mismatch in recuperator and effectively utilize the discharged heat of refrigeration cycle, low temperature recuperator and gas cooler are shared by power and cooling cycles. For this novel waste heat recovery system, thermodynamic and economic models are developed to conduct energy, exergy and economic analysis. Thereafter, key cycle parameters including gas cooler pressure, evaporation temperature and turbine inlet temperature are investigated to reveal the effects on the system performances. The obtained results indicate that the energy and exergy efficiencies of the proposed system are respectively 42.42% and 39.05% under design conditions. The corresponding average energy cost is 9.28 $/GJ. At lower evaporation temperature and higher gas cooler pressure, the advantages of low temperature recuperator can be fully utilized and more work is produced. However, lower cooling capacity is obtained. Furthermore, the turbine inlet temperature has no effects on refrigeration cycle, and the net work decreases with the increase of inlet temperature. These results will be beneficial to improve the design and performance of combined power and cooling system for future shipboard applications.
How to achieve green growth in China's agricultural sector

Green development is the direction of China's agricultural sector. Investigating the main influencing factors of the agricultural sector's CO2 emissions will help plan agricultural development and achieve low-carbon growth. This paper selects 2001-2016 panel data of China's 30 provinces, and uses the nonparametric additive regression models to investigate the agricultural sector's CO2 emissions. The empirical results show that economic growth, financial capacity, and energy intensity all have a "pull first, then restrict" inverted U-shaped nonlinear effect on CO2 emissions. However, the influencing mechanisms of these three influencing factors are different and need to be paid attention by relevant government departments. More complicated, the impact of urbanization on CO2 emission shows a gentle "M-shaped" pattern. In addition, an inverse "N-shaped" nonlinear link exists between trade openness and CO2 emissions. Therefore, government departments should formulate differentiated emission reduction policies at different stages. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Clinical phenotype and musculoskeletal characteristics of patients with aggrecan deficiency

Aggrecan is a proteoglycan within the physeal and articular cartilage. Aggrecan deficiency, due to heterozygous mutations in the ACAN gene, causes dominantly inherited short stature and, in many patients, early-onset osteoarthritis and degenerative disc disease. We aimed to further characterize this phenotypic spectrum with an emphasis on musculoskeletal health. Twenty-two individuals from nine families were enrolled. Histories and examinations focused on joint health, gait analysis, joint specific patient reported outcomes, and imaging studies were performed. All patients had dominantly inherited short stature, with the exception of a de novo mutation. Short stature was worse in adults versus children (median height -3.05 SD vs. -2.25 SD). ACAN mutations were not always associated with bone age advancement (median advancement +1.1 years, range 0 to +2 years). Children had subtle disproportionality and clinically silent joint disease-25% with osteochondritis dissecans (OD). Adults had a high prevalence of joint symptomatology-decline in knee function, disability from spinal complaints, and lower physical activity on outcome measures. Osteoarthritis (OA) and OD was detected in 90% of adults, and orthopedic surgeries were reported in 60%. Aggrecan deficiency leads to short stature with progressive decline in height SD, mild skeletal dysplasia, and increasing prevalence of joint pathology over time. Optimal musculoskeletal health and quality of life can be attained with timely identification of pathology and intervention.
Atypical presentations and course of JC virus infection

There is increasing evidence that the spectrum of human polyomavirus 2 (JCV) CNS disease includes novel syndromes other than progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), the appreciation of which is increasingly important in the context of MS therapies and immunodeficiency states. Our objective is to describe unusual presentations of JCV infection to heighten clinician awareness. We describe three case reports of various PML presentations. Firstly a 56-year-old HIV positive male with decades of viral suppression and normal immune function presented with 1 month of non-specific headache that spontaneously resolved despite an MRI showing a new area of PML and CSF being JC DNA + . He had had two similar episodes in 2013 and 2014 with MRI scans consistent with PML, CSF, JCV, and PCR positivity once and brain biopsy-positive twice. Another 61-year-old male presented with subacute binocular vision loss and was found to have newly diagnosed HIV and JCV DNA detected in CSF. MRI brain only demonstrated symmetrical chiasmo-hypothalamic enhancement. There has been some improvement with combination antiretroviral therapy and corticosteroids for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Thirdly, a 65-year-old male presented with subacute progressive confusion and behavioural disturbance, one year post-bilateral lung transplantation. MRI brain demonstrated no evidence of PML but CSF on three occasions demonstrated a progressively increasing JCV DNA load. Despite reduction in his immunosuppression, the patient developed profound encephalopathy without localising features leading to death two months later. These cases emphasise the atypical presentations of JCV: chronic relapsing, unusual symmetrical visual pathway disease, and non-localising encephalopathy without MRI evidence of PML.
Compressive strength prediction of eco-efficient GGBS-based geopolymer concrete using GEP method

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) could be used as an environmental-friendly alternative solution for concrete production due to the detrimental impacts of cement production on the environment. Since obtaining an optimal mix design, and subsequently, predicting the compressive strength of mortar using experimental means is costly and time-consuming, employing soft-computing techniques could facilitate and accelerate this approach. In this research, gene expression programming (GEP) was used to develop numerical models for predicting the compressive strength of GPC based on ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS). Through an experimental program, an extensive database of the compressive strength of GGBS-based GPC consisting of 351 specimens obtained from 117 different mixtures was generated. The five most effective parameters, including specimen age, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution concentration, natural zeolite (NZ), silica fume (SF), and GGBS content, were considered as the modeling input parameters. Using GEP algorithm, simplified and practical mathematical equations were proposed to predict the compressive strength of GGBS-based GPC mortar. Performance, high accuracy, and predictability of the proposed equations were validated by the conducted sensitivity and parametric analyses. The obtained results could promote the re-use of GGBS for GPC development, which in turn will lead to environmental and economic advantages.
Spatiotemporal evolving patterns of bike-share mobility networks and their associations with land-use conditions before and after the COVID-19 outbreak

Recent months have seen ever-increasing levels of confirmed COVID-19 cases despite the accelerated adoption of vaccines. In the wake of the pandemic, travel patterns of individuals change as well. Understanding the changes in biking behaviors during evolving COVID-19 situations is a primary goal of this paper. It investigated usage patterns of the bike-share system in Singapore before, during, and after local authorities imposed lockdown measures. It also correlated the centrality attributes of biking mobility networks of different timestamps with land-use conditions. The results show that total ridership surprisingly climbed by 150% during the lockdown, compared with the pre-pandemic level. Biking mobility graphs became more locally clustered and polycentric as the epidemic develop. There existed a positive and sustained spatial autocorrelation between centrality measures and regions with high residential densities or levels of the land-use mixture. This study suggests that bike-share systems may serve as an alternative mode to fulfill mobility needs when public transit services are restricted due to lockdown policies. Shared-micromobility services have the potential to facilitate a disease-resilient transport system as societies may have to coexist with COVID in the future.
Key factors influencing public awareness of household solid waste recycling in urban areas of China: A case study

With rapid economic development, population growth, and urbanization, household solid waste (HSW) causes significant environmental pollution and health threats to residents. As the sustainable waste management, HSW recycling is an urgent requirement in China and other countries. However, public awareness of HSW recycling and its influencing factors were seldom systematically analyzed in China. In present study, an on-site face-to-face questionnaire survey was the main research tool. We investigate public awareness of HSW recycling in typical Chinese cities, including public behavior, recycling knowledge, and public willingness to participate. The factors influencing public awareness were also explored. We found that public awareness was inadequate regarding HSW treatment behavior and recycling knowledge. Age is the most important sociodemographic factor influencing the public awareness of HSW recycling. White collar, residents with higher educational attainment, and those aged 20-50 years displayed less environmentally responsible behavior with regard to HSW treatment. Manual workers, those with lower educational attainment, those with higher monthly income, and older people tend to have poorer HSW recycling knowledge. White collar workers, those with higher educational attainment, and those with lower monthly income were less willing to participate in HSW recycling. Accordingly, measurements conducted amongst specific demographic categories are proposed to improve public awareness of HSW recycling. The scientific information provided by this study may contribute to HSW recycling especially from a public awareness perspective.
Fluorescent ABC-Triblock Polymer Nanocarrier for Cisplatin Delivery to Cancer Cells

Monitoring intracellular administration of non-luminescent anticancer drugs like cisplatin is a very challenging task in cancer research. Perylenebisimide (PBI) chromophore tagged fluorescent ABC-triblock polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoscaffold was engineered having carboxylic acid blocks for the chemical conjugation of cisplatin at the core and hydrophilic PEG blocks at the periphery. The amphiphilic ABC triblock Pt-prodrug was self-assembled into <200 nm nanoparticles and exhibited excellent shielding against drug detoxification by the glutathione (GSH) species in the cytosol. In vitro drug release studies confirmed that the Pt-prodrug was stable at extracellular conditions and the PCL block exclusively underwent lysosomal-enzymatic biodegradation at the intracellular level to release the cisplatin drug in the active-form for accomplishing more than 90% cell growth inhibition. Confocal microscopic imaging of the red-fluorescence signals from the perylene chromophores established the simultaneous monitoring and delivery aspects of the Pt-prodrug, and the proof-of-concept was successfully demonstrated in breast and cervical cancer cell lines.
The novel HLA-DRB1*13:306 allele, identified by sequencing-based typing in a Chinese individual

HLA-DRB1*13:306 differs from HLA-DRB1*13:02:01:01 in exon 2 in codon 84 by a single coding change.
Vehicle routing problem in cold Chain logistics: A joint distribution model with carbon trading mechanisms

Fierce competition and the mandate for green development have driven cold chain logistics companies to minimize total distribution costs and carbon emissions to gain a competitive advantage and achieve sustainable development. However, the cold chain logistics literature considers carbon trading mechanisms in sharing economy, namely the joint distribution, is limited. Our research builds a Joint Distribution-Green Vehicle Routing Problem (JD-GVRP) model, in which cold chain logistics companies collaborate among each other to deliver cold chain commodities by considering carbon tax policy. Based on the real business data from four cold chain companies and 28 customers, a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is applied to optimize the model. The results indicate that joint distribution is an effective way to reduce total costs and carbon emissions when compared with the single distribution. The total cost is positively correlated with the carbon price, while the carbon emissions vary differently when the carbon price increases. In addition, carbon quotas have no effect on the delivery path. This research expands cold chain logistics literature by linking it with joint distribution and carbon trading mechanisms. Moreover, this research suggests that cold chain logistics companies could enhance delivery efficiency, reduce the business cost, and improve competitiveness by reinforcing the collaboration at the industry level. Furthermore, the government should advocate the mode of joint distribution and formulate an effective carbon trading policy to better utilize social and industrial resources to achieve the balanced economic and environmental benefits.
Combining climate, economic, and social policy builds public support for climate action in the US

Despite the gravity of the climate threat, governments around the world have struggled to pass and implement climate policies. Today, politicians and advocates are championing a new idea: linking climate policy to other economic and social reforms. Will this approach generate greater public support for climate action? Here, we test this coalition-building strategy. Using two conjoint experiments on a representative sample of 2,476 Americans, we evaluate the marginal impact of 40 different climate, social, and economic policies on support for climate reforms. Overall, we find climate policy bundles that include social and economic reforms such as affordable housing, a $15 minimum wage, or a job guarantee increase US public support for climate mitigation. Clean energy standards, regardless of which technologies are included, also make climate policy more popular. Linking climate policy to economic and social issues is particularly effective at expanding climate policy support among people of color.
Targets for a circular economy

The transition to a circular economy requires actions and policies. In the praxis of governance, a common way to steer the transition to a different state proceeds through the setting of targets. Thus far, no study has investigated circular economy targets in a systematic way. To bridge this gap, this study examines which targets can facilitate the transition towards a circular economy. The analysis focuses both on existing and new targets; the latter complement existing targets which are limited to a few discrete cases addressing only partially the goal of a more circular economy. A framework based on 10 common circular economy strategies (i.e. recover, recycling, repurpose, remanufacture, refurbish, repair, re-use, reduce, rethink, refuse) is applied to scrutinise the selected targets. The study clarifies that existing targets for recovery and recycling do not necessarily promote a circular economy, though they are the most commonly applied targets so far. Because of lack of efficacy of recovery and recycling, targets should instead favour other more powerful circular economy strategies. In relation to these, the study looks into new and existing targets showing how they can reduce waste, increase efficiency, close production loops, and maximise retention of the economic value of materials and products. In particular, the study proposes an expanded set of brand new targets for the transition to a circular economy together with a fresh view on targets aimed at scholars and decision-makers alike.
Getting Fit to Counteract Cognitive Aging: Evidence and Future Directions

Physical activity has shown tremendous promise for counteracting cognitive aging, but also tremendous variability in cognitive benefits. We describe evidence for how exercise affects cognitive and brain aging, and whether cardiorespiratory fitness is a key factor. We highlight a brain network framework as a valuable paradigm for the mechanistic insight needed to tailor physical activity for cognitive benefits.
Takotsubo Syndrome: A Review of Presentation, Diagnosis and Management

Takotsubo Syndrome (TTS) is a condition of transient left ventricular dysfunction that is typically triggered by emotional or physical stress. Since first described in Japan in 1990, it has increasingly been recognised in clinical practice, accounting for up to 2% of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) presentations. In fact, the clinical presentation can be indistinguishable from a myocardial infarction. Although current evidence suggests a catecholamine induced myocardial stunning, the pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown. Interestingly, it is more common in woman, particularly those who are post-menopausal. This review aims to summarise the current research and provide an overview of the diagnostic strategies and treatment options.
Evaluation of the exposure risk of SARS-CoV-2 in different hospital environment

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has imposed a significant impact on social and economic activities. As a high infectious pathogen, the existence of SARS-CoV-2 in public space is very important for its transmission. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals are the main places to deal with the diseases. In this work, we evaluated the exposure risk of SARS-CoV-2 in hospital environment in order to protect healthcare workers (HCWs). Briefly, air and surface samples from 6 different sites of 3 hospitals with different protection levels were collected and tested for the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid by reverse transcription real-time fluorescence PCR method during the COVID-19 epidemic. We found that the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was 7.7 % in a COVID-19 respiratory investigation wards and 82.6 % in a ICUs with confirmed COVID-19 patients. These results indicated that in some wards of the hospital, such as ICUs occupied by COVID-19 patients, the nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2 existed in the air and surface, which indicates the potential occupational exposure risk of HCWs. This study has clarified retention of SARS-CoV-2 in different sites of hospital, suggesting that it is necessary to monitor and disinfect the SARS-CoV-2 in hospital environment during COVID-19 pandemic, and will help to prevent the iatrogenic infection and nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and to better protect the HCWs.
Creativity as a mediator between personal accomplishment and task performance: A multigroup analysis based on gender during the COVID-19 pandemic

The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not only a health crisis but also a social crisis that affects all people and all parts of society from various perspectives. Effective management of the emotional and psychosocial effects of the pandemic is a critical issue for individuals and societies. In this study, the mediating role of creativity on the relationship between personal accomplishment and task performance was examined during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, a gender-based comparison analysis was performed to extend the analysis results. Survey-based research data were collected from 322 people working in different sectors. Partial least squares-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze research data. The results indicated that personal accomplishment had a significant positive effect on both creativity and task performance. Also, it was found that creativity had a mediating role in the relationship between personal accomplishment and task performance. Lastly, the gender-based multigroup analysis (MGA) revealed a significant difference between male and female participants with respect to the relationship between personal accomplishment and task performance, between creativity and task performance, between personal accomplishment and task performance through creativity.