ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
De-ghosted HDR video acquisition for embedded systems Ghost-free HDR video of motion objects from stationary cameras

This paper proposes a novel ghost-free High Dynamic Range (HDR) multi-exposure video acquisition suitable for real-time implementation in embedded systems. While the method is limited to stationary cameras, it achieves, with low requirements on resources, results comparable to state-of-the-art de-ghosting methods that are often very computationally expensive and almost impossible to implement in smart cameras and embedded systems. The paper describes the method itself and includes an evaluation of the performance on selected embedded platforms and a comparison of the results to the state of the art using HDR datasets.
Distilling and transferring knowledge via cGAN-generated samples for image classification and regression

Knowledge distillation (KD) has been actively studied for image classification tasks in deep learning, aiming to improve the performance of a student model based on the knowledge from a teacher model. However, applying KD in image regression with a scalar response variable is also important (e.g., age estimation) yet has been rarely studied. Besides, existing KD methods often require a practitioner to carefully select or adjust the teacher and student architectures, making these methods less flexible in practice. To address the above problems in a unified way, we propose a comprehensive KD framework based on conditional generative adversarial networks (cGANs), termed cGAN-KD. Fundamentally different from existing KD methods, cGAN-KD distills and transfers knowledge from a teacher model to a student model via specifically processed cGAN-generated samples. This novel mechanism makes cGAN-KD suitable for both classification and regression tasks, compatible with other KD methods, and insensitive to the teacher and student architectures. An error bound for a student model trained in the cGAN-KD framework is derived in this work, providing a theory for why cGAN-KD is effective as well as guiding the practical implementation of cGAN-KD. Extensive experiments on CIFAR-100 and ImageNet-100 (a subset of ImageNet with only 100 classes) datasets show that the cGAN-KD framework can leverage state-of-the-art KD methods to yield a new state of the art. Moreover, experiments on Steering Angle and UTKFace datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of cGAN-KD in image regression tasks. Notably, in classification, incorporating cGAN-KD into training improves the state-of-the-art SSKD by an average of 1.32% in test accuracy on ImageNet-100 across five different teacher-student pairs. In regression, cGAN-KD decreases the test mean absolute error of a WRN16 x 1 student model from 5.74 to 1.79 degrees (i.e., 68.82% drop) on Steering Angle.
Development of duplex real-time PCR for quick detection of cryptosporidiosis in goats

Cryptosporidium spp. is the most important foodborne and waterborne pathogens and a leading cause of mortality from foodborne and waterborne gastrointestinal diseases. In neonates of domestic animals, it is associated with consistent diarrhea and dehydration. Cryptosporidium infection begins with the ingestion of sporulated oocytes disseminated by carrier animals that consistently contaminate the environment. Many diagnostic tests are available including microscopy and antigen trap-ELISA, but none of the diagnostic tests available currently cannot differentiate between active and passive infection in the host. In the current study, to address this challenge an mRNA-based duplex TaqMan® probe PCR was developed to target the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein gene and 18SSU rRNA gene in a single tube that can detect metabolically active cryptosporidial oocysts. The mRNA transcripts are the direct indicator of any actively replicating cell and they will help decipher the active stages of its lifecycle in a host. This diagnostic assay was standardized by computing transcript copy number-based limit of detection (LOD). For COWP and 18SSU rRNA genes, the LOD was 7.08 × 1004 and 5.95 × 1005 , respectively. During active infections, the oocyst wall protein will be active and so its COWP gene transcripts will act as a marker for active infection. While transcripts for 18SSU rRNA are constitutively expressed in cryptosporidial life cycle. This current diagnostic assay will be a quantitative marker that will help assess the active stages of Cryptosporidium infection in neonates. The disease dynamics will help better understand to formulate the control strategies and contain infection among healthy animals.
METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification and HDAC5/YY1 promote IFFO1 downregulation in tumor development and chemo-resistance

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens women's health. Due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, most patients exhibit advanced disease or peritoneal metastasis at diagnosis. We discovered that IFFO1 is a novel tumor suppressor, but its role in tumorigenesis, development and chemoresistance is unknown. In this study, IFFO1 levels were downregulated across cancers, leading to the acceleration of tumor development, metastasis and/or cisplatin resistance. Overexpression of IFFO1 inhibited the translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus and decreased tumor metastasis and cisplatin resistance. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IFFO1 was regulated at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. At the transcriptional level, the recruitment of HDAC5 inhibited IFFO1 expression, which is mediated by the transcription factor YY1, and the METTL3/YTHDF2 axis regulated the mRNA stability of IFFO1 in an m6A-dependent manner. Mice injected with IFFO1-overexpressing cells had lower ascites volumes and tumor weights throughout the peritoneal cavity than those injected with parental cells expressing the vector control. In conclusion, we demonstrated that IFFO1 is a novel tumor suppressor that inhibits tumor metastasis and reverses drug resistance in ovarian cancer. IFFO1 was downregulated at both the transcriptional level and posttranscriptional level by histone deacetylase and RNA methylation, respectively, and the IFFO1 signaling pathway was identified as a potential therapeutic target for cancer.
Thickness- and Twist-Angle-Dependent Interlayer Excitons in Metal Monochalcogenide Heterostructures

Interlayer excitons, or bound electron-hole pairs whose constituent quasiparticles are located in distinct stacked semiconducting layers, are being intensively studied in heterobilayers of two-dimensional semiconductors. They owe their existence to an intrinsic type-II band alignment between both layers that convert these into p-n junctions. Here, we unveil a pronounced interlayer exciton (IX) in heterobilayers of metal monochalcogenides, namely, γ-InSe on ε-GaSe, whose pronounced emission is adjustable just by varying their thicknesses given their number of layers dependent direct band gaps. Time-dependent photoluminescense spectroscopy unveils considerably longer interlayer exciton lifetimes with respect to intralayer ones, thus confirming their nature. The linear Stark effect yields a bound electron-hole pair whose separation d is just (3.6 ± 0.1) Å with d being very close to dSe = 3.4 Å which is the calculated interfacial Se separation. The envelope of IX is twist-angle-dependent and describable by superimposed emissions that are nearly equally spaced in energy, as if quantized due to localization induced by the small moiré periodicity. These heterostacks are characterized by extremely flat interfacial valence bands making them prime candidates for the observation of magnetism or other correlated electronic phases upon carrier doping.
Source Printer Classification Using Printer Specific Local Texture Descriptor

The knowledge of the source printer can help in printed text document authentication, copyright ownership, and provide important clues about the author of a fraudulent document along with his/her potential means and motives. The development of automated systems for classifying printed documents based on their source printer, using image processing techniques, is gaining a lot of attention in multimedia forensics. Currently, the state-of-the-art systems require that the font of letters present in the test documents of unknown origin must be available in those used for training the classifier. In this paper, we attempt to take the first step toward overcoming this limitation. Specifically, we introduce a novel printer specific local texture descriptor. The highlight of our technique is the use of encoding and regrouping strategy based on small linear-shaped structures composed of pixels having similar intensity and gradient. The results of experiments performed on two separate datasets show that: 1) on a publicly available dataset, the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms for characters printed in the same font and reduces the confusion between the printers of same brand and model on another dataset having documents printed in four different fonts, the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods for cross font experiments.
New Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome cases are caused by the presence of a nonsense variant in compound heterozygosity with the pathogenic repeat expansion in the RFC1 gene

The biallelic pathogenic repeat (AAGGG)400-2000 intronic expansion in the RFC1 gene has been recently described as the cause of cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) and as a major cause of late-onset ataxia. Since then, many heterozygous carriers have been identified, with an estimated allele frequency of 0.7% to 4% in the healthy population. Here, we describe in two affected CANVAS sisters the presence of the nonsense c.724C > T p.(Arg242*) variant in compound heterozygosity with the pathogenic repeat expansion in the RFC1 gene. Further RNA analysis demonstrated a reduced expression of the p.Arg242* allele in patients confirming an efficient nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. We also highlight the importance of considering the sequencing of the RFC1 gene for the diagnosis, especially in patients with CANVAS diagnosis carriers of the AAGGG repeat expansion.
Fruit classification based on weighted score-level feature fusion

We describe an object classification method based on weighted score-level feature fusion using learned weights. Our method is able to recognize 20 object classes in a customized fruit dataset. Although the fusion of multiple features is commonly used to distinguish variable object classes, the optimal combination of features is not well defined. Moreover, in these methods, most parameters used for feature extraction are not optimized and the contribution of each feature to an individual class is not considered when determining the weight of the feature. Our algorithm relies on optimizing a single feature during feature selection and learning the weight of each feature for an individual class from the training data using a linear support vector machine before the features are linearly combined with the weights at the score level. The optimal single feature is selected using cross-validation. The optimal combination of features is explored and tested experimentally using a customized fruit dataset with 20 object classes and a variety of complex backgrounds. The experiment results show that the proposed feature fusion method outperforms four state-of-the-art fruit classification algorithms and improves the classification accuracy when compared with some state-of-the-art feature fusion methods. (C) 2016 SPIE and IS&T
Concordance between nurses' perception of their ability to provide spiritual care and the identified spiritual needs of hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional observational study

Spiritual care is essential to the well-being of patients, and nurses provide spiritual care as a fundamental part of nursing practice. In this study, we investigated the spiritual care needs of hospitalized patients to determine whether the perceived knowledge of nurses corresponded with these spiritual care needs. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1351 hospitalized patients and 200 registered nurses recruited from a medical center in central Taiwan. A questionnaire, including the 21-item Spiritual Care Needs Inventory (patient and nurse version) and basic demographic information, was distributed to eligible participants. The top three items of the spiritual care needs expressed by the hospitalized patients were respect for privacy and dignity, showing concern, and guidance in gaining a sense of hope in life; the percentages of nurses not knowing how to provide these spiritual care needs were 0%, 1%, and 15%, respectively. The spiritual care needs of patients showed a significant relationship with the knowledge of nurses, suggesting that the perceived knowledge of the nurses generally corresponded with the spiritual care items that the patients required most.
Impact of the Hydrogen-Bonding Functional Group on Hydrogelation of Amphiphilic Naphthalene-diimide Derivatives and Nonspecific Protein Adsorption

This manuscript reports the effect of hydrogen-bonding functionality on the supramolecular assembly of naphthalene-diimide (NDI)-derived amphiphilic building blocks in water. All the molecules contain a central NDI chromophore, functionalized with a hydrophilic oligo-oxyethylene (OE) wedge in one arm and a phenyl group on the opposite arm. They differ by a single H-bonding functionality, which links the NDI chromophore and the phenyl moiety. The H-bonding functionalities are amide, thioamide, urea, and urethane in NDI-A, NDI-TA, NDI-U, and NDI-UT, respectively. All of these molecules exhibit π-stacking in water, as evident from their distinct UV/vis absorption spectra when compared to that of the monomeric dye in THF. However, among these four, only NDI-A and NDI-TA show hydrogelation, while the other two precipitate out of the medium. The NDI-A hydrogel also exhibits transient stability and leads to a crystalline precipitate within ∼5 h. Only NDI-TA produces stable transparent hydrogel with the entangled fibrillar morphology that is typical for gelators. Both NDI-A and NDI-TA showed a thermoresponsive property with a lower critical solution temperature of about 41-42 °C. Powder XRD studies show a parallel orientation for NDI-A and an antiparallel orientation for NDI-TA. Computational studies support this experimental observation and indicate that the NDI-A assembly is highly stabilized by strong H-bonding among the amide groups and π-stacking interaction in the parallel orientation. On the other hand, due to weak H-bonding among the thioamide groups, the binding energy of the parallelly oriented NDI-TA was significantly lower and the optimized structure was disordered. Instead, its antiparallel orientation was more stable, with criss-cross aligned H-bonding interactions and π-π interactions between adjacent aromatic rings. The NDI-TA hydrogel with less ordered OE chains on the surface showed prominent adsorption of serum protein BSA. In sharp contrast, NDI-A did not exhibit any notable interaction with BSA, as evident from the ITC studies.
Pole-Restraining Control of three-phase Active Front End - a comparison to state-of-the art controls and its performance under fault-ride-through conditions

State-of-the-art control systems often neglect the time-variant characteristics of power-electronic systems in favour of a time-averaged approach. In consequence, the resulting system is partly instable, thus not optimally controlled. The novel pole-restraining control (PRC) concept removes the inherent instability considerably improving dynamic behaviour. This enhancement is demonstrated at hand of a three-phase Active Front End (AFE). The essentials of the pole-restraining control approach are explained, the advanced transient behaviour is illustrated by comparison to other state-of-the-art control schemes.
Assessment of Position Repeatability Error in an Electromagnetic Tracking System for Surgical Navigation

In this paper we present a study of the repeatability of an innovative electromagnetic tracking system (EMTS) for surgical navigation, developed to overcome the state of the art of current commercial systems, allowing for the placement of the magnetic field generator far from the operating table. Previous studies led to the development of a preliminary EMTS prototype. Several hardware improvements are described, which result in noise reduction in both signal generation and the measurement process, as shown by experimental tests. The analysis of experimental results has highlighted the presence of drift in voltage components, whose effect has been quantified and related to the variation of the sensor position. Repeatability in the sensor position measurement is evaluated by means of the propagation of the voltage repeatability error, and the results are compared with the performance of the Aurora system (which represents the state of the art for EMTS for surgical navigation), showing a repeatability error about ten times lower. Finally, the proposed improvements aim to overcome the limited operating distance between the field generator and electromagnetic (EM) sensors provided by commercial EM tracking systems for surgical applications and seem to provide a not negligible technological advantage.
Internet-based intelligent and sustainable manufacturing: developments and challenges

In recent years, the nations of the world have presented the development strategy of manufacturing. Manufacturing is the foundation of a country. However, with the increasing global resource constraints and market heterogeneity, the variety of individual demands, and the long-term goals of sustainable development, with the support of emerging information and communication technologies such as Internet, cyber-physical system, Internet of Things, cloud computing, and big data, industrial value creation is causing a paradigm shift in manufacturing. This paper studies a range of new manufacturing paradigms and presents a state-of-the-art survey of published works. It explores the corresponding current manufacturing concepts, technologies, framework features, application effects, resource optimization, and future challenges in these new paradigms. The integration of various manufacturing paradigms is also analyzed. Through this survey, the developments of these new manufacturing paradigms are explained and the future prospects are also discussed.
Synergistic Effects of Zanubrutinib Combined With CD19 CAR-T Cells in Raji Cells in Vitro and in Vivo

Background and Objects: Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors are commonly used and effective for lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Ibrutinib might improve the effect of anti-cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) chimeric antigen receptor (CD19 CAR) T-cell therapy in lymphoma, but the effects of zanubrutinib combined with CAR-T cells is unclear. Methods: We selected a low effect-target ratio (E:T = 1:3) to study this synergistic effect in vitro. The programed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression in CD19 CAR-T cells and immune phenotype of T lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). We selected CD19 CAR-T cells of a patient with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) to study the synergistic effect of zanubrutinib with CAR-T cells by bioluminescence imaging monitoring. The CD19 CAR-T cells expansion in mice was compared by FCM. Results: Zanubrutinib and ibrutinib had dose-dependent toxicity on both CAR-T cells and lymphoma cells. But there was no significant synergistic effect of the CD19 CAR-T cells combined with zanubrutinib/ibrutinib in vitro. The PD-1 expression in CD19 CAR-T cells increased when the CD19 CAR-T cells were co-cultured with Raji cells and decreased when ibrutinib was added in culture, but zanubrutinib had no such effect. The extinction of luciferase expression was more obvious in the polytherapy group of ibrutinib and CD19 CAR-T cell than that in the other groups. Moreover, the proportion of CAR-T cells in the combination therapy group of CD19 CAR-T cells and ibrutinib was higher than that of the polytherapy group of CD19 CAR-T cells with zanubrutinib group. The synergistic effect could be observed obviously in mice receiving ibrutinib combined with CD19 CAR-T cells. But zanubrutinib cannot perform joint therapy effect either in vitro or in mice. Conclusion: Zanubrutinib might have no joint therapy effect with CD19 CAR-T cells neither in vitro nor in mice, but the mechanism of different curative effects requires our further research and exploration.
Robust Offset-Cancellation Sensing-Circuit-Based Spin-Transfer-Torque Nonvolatile Flip-Flop

Nonvolatile flip-flop (NV-FF) based systems can be effectively implemented in battery-limited internet of things (IoT) applications due to their zero standby power consumption and instant ON/OFF characteristics. Among various NV-FFs, spin-transfer-torque magnetic tunnel junction based NV-FFs are the most applicable due to their nonvolatility, high endurance, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility, scalability, and rapid sensing and write speed due to its low resistance. However, they are subject to a degraded sensing margin for restoring operation with technology shrinks because of the increased process variation and reduced supply voltage. This paper proposes a novel NV-FF with a significantly superior offset-tolerance and reduction in read current (I-read) that produces read disturbance in comparison to state-of-the-art NV-FFs. Monte Carlo HSPICE simulation results based on industry-compatible 65-nm model parameters revealed that the proposed NV-FF can achieve a three-order improvement in the restore yield and a two-order reduction in the I-read when compared with state-of-the-art NV-FFs.
Testing the Effect of Histone Acetyltransferases on Local Chromatin Compaction

Experiments determining the chromatin association of histone acetylases (HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs) at the genome-wide level provide precise maps of locus occupancy, but do not allow conclusions on the functional consequences of this locus-specific enrichment. Here we describe a protocol that allows tethering of HATs or HDACs to specific genomic loci upon fusion with a fluorescent protein and a DNA-binding protein such as the E. coli Lac repressor (LacI), which binds to genomically inserted lac operon sequences (lacO) via DNA/protein interactions. Integration of these lacO sequences into a genomic region of interest allows to monitor the functional consequences of HAT/HDAC targeting on chromatin (de)compaction, histone modification, and interaction with other proteins by quantitative light microscopy, as described here. As DNA-binding of LacI can be tightly controlled by the addition of galactose-derivatives, this method also allows to monitor the effects of locus-specific recruitment in a time-resolved manner.