ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Globalization and CO(2)emissions nexus: evidence from the EKC hypothesis in South Asian countries

In the last few decades, developing countries continued to increase their manufacturing industries' phenomenal growth rate. Due to the emergence of globalization, these developing countries are getting economic growth at the cost of environmental pollution. In this context, the extent of linkages between globalization and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has been investigated over the time period of 1972-2013 in South Asian countries. The econometric and graphical analyses are found U-shape association between globalization and CO(2)emissions in Nepal, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka, and an inverted U-shape relationship is observed in Pakistan and Bhutan. Moreover, results have shown that there exists a bi-directional causality between globalization and CO(2)emissions in Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. This indicates that globalization is increasing CO(2)emissions and CO(2)emissions impact globalization by economic growth. However, after some threshold level, globalization is responsible for decreasing CO(2)emissions in Pakistan and Bhutan. For the first time, globalization is incorporated in the economic analysis, showing the U-shape and inverted U-shape associations between globalization and CO(2)emissions. This study suggests some strong policy recommendations to consider globalization as cost-effective tool to achieve sustainable economic growth in South Asian countries.
Techno-economic assessment of coal- or biomass-fired oxy-combustion power plants with supercritical carbon dioxide cycle

Oxy-fuel combustion is regarded as a feasible technology that can contribute towards decarbonisation of the power industry. Although it has been shown that oxy-fuel combustion results in lower carbon dioxide emissions at a lower cost of carbon dioxide captured compared to the mature amine scrubbing process, its implementation still results in high economic penalties. This study proposes to replace the conventional steam cycle in the state-of-the-art oxy-combustion coal-fired power plants with the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle to reduce both economic and efficiency penalties. In addition, in order to further reduce carbon dioxide emissions, biomass is considered as a replacement fuel for coal in the oxy-fuel combustion power plant and the proposed process becomes a type of bio-energy with carbon capture and storage. The process models were developed in Aspen Plus (TM) to assess techno-economic feasibility of the considered processes. The results showed that on replacement of the conventional steam cycle with the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, the efficiency penalties were reduced by up to 2% points and the levelised cost of electricity was reduced up to 4.6% (4.1 (sic)/MWh). Moreover, when biomass was used as a fuel, the net efficiency penalties increased by 0.5% points and the levelised cost of electricity increased by 24.4 (sic)/MWh. Although techno-economic performance in this case was less favourable under no carbon tax conditions, using biomass resulted in significant negative carbon dioxide emissions (-3.70 megatonnes of carbon dioxide per annum). Such negative emissions can offset carbon dioxide emissions from other sources that are relatively difficult to decarbonise. If the carbon tax is above 24 (sic) per tonne of carbon dioxide, bio-energy with carbon capture and storage became more economically feasible than fossil fuel with carbon capture and storage.
Empagliflozin protects glomerular endothelial cell architecture in experimental diabetes through the VEGF-A/caveolin-1/PV-1 signaling pathway

In addition to having blood glucose-lowering effects, inhibitors of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) afford renoprotection in diabetes. We sought to investigate which components of the glomerular filtration barrier could be involved in the antiproteinuric and renoprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibition in diabetes. BTBR (black and tan, brachyuric) ob/ob mice that develop a type 2 diabetic nephropathy received a standard diet with or without empagliflozin for 10 weeks, starting at 8 weeks of age, when animals had developed albuminuria. Empagliflozin caused marked decreases in blood glucose levels and albuminuria but did not correct glomerular hyperfiltration. The protective effect of empagliflozin against albuminuria was not due to a reduction in podocyte damage as empagliflozin did not affect the larger podocyte filtration slit pore size nor the defective expression of nephrin and nestin. Empagliflozin did not reduce the thickening of the glomerular basement membrane. In BTBR ob/ob mice, the most profound abnormality seen using electron microscopy was in the endothelial aspect of the glomerular capillary, with significant loss of endothelial fenestrations. Remarkably, empagliflozin ameliorated the subverted microvascular endothelial ultrastructure. Caveolae and bridging diaphragms between adjacent endothelial fenestrae were seen in diabetic mice and associated with increased expression of caveolin-1 and the appearance of PV-1. These endothelial abnormalities were limited by the SGLT2 inhibitor. Although no expression of SGLT2 was found in glomerular endothelial cells, SGLT2 was expressed in the podocytes of diabetic mice. VEGF-A, which is a known stimulus for endothelial caveolin-1 and PV-1, was increased in podocytes of BTBR ob/ob mice and normalized by SGLT2 inhibitor treatment. Thus, empagliflozin's protective effect on the glomerular endothelium of diabetic mice could be due to a limitation of the paracrine signaling of podocyte-derived VEGF-A that resulted in a reduction of the abnormal endothelial caveolin-1 and PV-1, with the consequent preservation of glomerular endothelial function and permeability. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
CO2 utilization: Turning greenhouse gas into fuels and valuable products

This study critically reviews the recent developments and future opportunities pertinent to the conversion of CO2 as a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) to fuels and valuable products. CO2 emissions have reached an alarming level of around 410 ppm and have become the primary driver of global warming and climate change leading to devastating events such as droughts, hurricanes, torrential rains, floods, tornados and wildfires across the world. These events are responsible for thousands of deaths and have adversely affected the economic development of many countries, loss of billions of dollars, across the globe. One of the promising choices to tackle this issue is carbon sequestration by pre- and post-combustion processes and oxyfuel combustion. The captured CO2 can be converted into fuels and valuable products, including methanol, dirnethyl ether (DINE), and methane (CH4). The efficient use of the sequestered CO2 for the desalinization might be critical in overcoming water scarcity and energy issues in developing countries. Using the sequestered CO2 to produce algae in combination with waste-water, and producing biofuels is among the promising strategies. Many methods, like direct combustion, fermentation, transesterification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion (AD), and gasification, can be used for the conversion of algae into biofuel. Direct air capturing (DAC) is another productive technique for absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere and converting it into various useful energy resources like CH4. These methods can effectively tackle the issues of climate change, water security, and energy crises. However, future research is required to make these conversion methods cost-effective and commercially applicable.
Aspirin prescribing pattern and guidelines-adherence evaluation for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases at a teaching hospital

The present study investigates the aspirin prescribing pattern and guidelines-adherence evaluation for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases at a teaching hospital. A total of 816 patients were included in the study, the patients who received aspirin aged 60-69 (29.65%), followed by patients aged 50-59 years old (29.53%) and 70-79 years old (22.91%). Demographic information shown that the majority of the patients were males (58.55%). The BMI revealed that 85.78% of patients were obese. The majority of the patients have diabetes 78.67%, hypertension 74.38%, and dyslipidemia 65.68%. The mean systolic blood pressure was 136 ± 7.4 and diastolic blood pressure was 74.9 ± 5.2. After applying aspirin candidacy calculation, only 6% patients were highly recommended to be on aspirin, 49% patients had reasonable recommendation of aspirin, 27% patients use aspirin based on "may be considered" recommendation, and 23% patients were on aspirin with no indication or recommendation. The study highlights the importance of following the international recommendations in aspirin prescribing, and flags the inappropriate use and prescribing by our healthcare providers. The current study encourages further investigation to be carried out which should include patient and clinician education, to well understand and alleviate the inequalities in aspirin use and adherence. Further studies are also warranted to understand of the prescribing pattern and to provide solutions to avoid aspirin associated complications.
Effects of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy on the Growth of Subcutaneous Xenografts of Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma SW-620 in Immunodeficient Mice

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) can become an instrument for patients with malignant neoplasms of the rectum and colon. Here we evaluate the effectiveness of BNCT performed at the accelerator based epithermal neutron source at G. I. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, in relation to subcutaneous xenografts of human colon adenocarcinoma SW-620 in SCID mice. Utilization of BNCT with boronоphenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH), which were injected intravenously into the retroorbital sinus, resulted in a significant decrease in tumor volumes compared to the control group (no radiation).
4E analyses of an innovative polygeneration system based on SOFC

An innovative multigeneration plant driven by a solid oxide fuel cell unit is regarded in this meticulous examination. The plausibility of the expressed plant is substantiated with regarding economic, thermodynamic and environmental concepts as the utmost efficacious equipment for operating evaluation of the thermal systems. An ejector refrigeration system beside a PEM electrolyzer are employed for cooling and hydrogen production. Furthermore, a heat recovery heat exchanger is employed for heating purposes. All subsystems are cautiously investigated and validated considering the reliable reports. The findings portrayed that the introduced multigeneration system can generate cooling load, heating capacity, net output power, and H-21 rate of 84.421kW, 2771kW, 184.21kW, and 1.4331kg/h, respectively. In this occasion, the first-law efficiency, exergetic efficiency, product overall cost, and environmental penalty cost are calculated 79.57%, 33.92%, 897.7 $/GJ, and 0.3527 $/h, respectively. Also, among all constituents, the superior portion of exergy destruction attributed to the solid oxide fuel cell module by 783.31kW, approximately 35.6% of the overall exergy destruction rate. Meantime, a thoroughgoing parametric evaluation of the set-up is established and it is illustrated that the suggested multigeneration plant's exergetic efficiency can be maximized according to the inlet temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell unit, compression ratio, and solid oxide fuel cell current density. Moreover, the product cost rate of the plant can be minimized with ejector motive fluid pressure, solid oxide fuel cell inlet temperature, and gas turbine outlet pressure. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Promising antiparasitic agents from marine sponges

Parasitic diseases especially those prevail in tropical and subtropical regions severely threaten the lives of people due to available drugs found to be ineffective as several resistant strains have been emerged. Due to the complexity of the marine environment, researchers considered it as a new field to search for compounds with therapeutic efficacy, marine sponges represents the milestone in the discovery of unique compounds of potent activities against parasitic infections. In the present article, literatures published from 2010 until March 2021 were screened to review antiparasitic potency of bioactive compounds extracted from marine sponges. 45 different genera of sponges have been studied for their antiparasitic activities. The antiparasitic activity of the crude extract or the compounds that have been isolated from marine sponges were assayed in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum, P. berghei, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. b. brucei, T. cruzi, Leishmania donovani, L. tropica, L. infantum, L. amazonesis, L. major, L. panamesis, Haemonchus contortus and Schistosoma mansoni. The majority of antiparastic compounds extracted from marine sponges were related to alkaloids and peroxides represent the second important group of antiparasitic compounds extracted from sponges followed by terpenoids. Some substances have been extracted and used as antiparasitic agents to a lesser extent like steroids, amino acids, lipids, polysaccharides and isonitriles. The activities of these isolated compounds against parasites were screened using in vitro techniques. Compounds' potent activity in screened papers was classified in three categories according to IC50: low active or inactive, moderately active and good potent active.
Plastoquinone homeostasis in plant acclimation to light intensity

Arabidopsis plants were grown from seeds at different photon flux densities (PFDs) of white light ranging from 65 to 800 µmol photons m-2 s-1. Increasing PFD brought about a marked accumulation of plastoquinone (PQ) in leaves. However, the thylakoid photoactive PQ pool, estimated to about 700 pmol mg-1 leaf dry weight, was independent of PFD; PQ accumulation in high light mostly occurred in the photochemically non-active pool (plastoglobules, chloroplast envelopes) which represented up to 75% of total PQ. The amounts of PSII reaction center (on a leaf dry weight basis) also were little affected by PFD during growth, leading to a constant PQ/PSII ratio at all PFDs. Boosting PQ biosynthesis by overexpression of a solanesyl diphosphate-synthesizing enzyme strongly enhanced the PQ levels, particularly at high PFDs. Again, this accumulation occurred exclusively in the non-photoactive PQ pool. Mutational suppression of the plastoglobular ABC1K1 kinase led to a selective reduction of the thylakoid PQ pool size to ca. 400 pmol mg-1 in a large range of PFDs, which was associated with a restriction of the photosynthetic electron flow. Our results show that photosynthetic acclimation to light intensity does not involve modulation of the thylakoid PQ pool size or the amounts of PSII reaction centers. There appears to be a fixed amount of PQ molecules for optimal interaction with PSII and efficient photosynthesis, with the extra PQ molecules being stored outside the thylakoid membranes, implying a tight regulation of PQ distribution within the chloroplasts.
Enhancement of early-age strength of the high content fly ash blended cement paste by sodium sulfate and C-S-H seeds towards a greener binder

Due to the economic and environmental benefits, the industry by-products like fly ash have been intensively employed to partially substitute cement in concrete and other cementitious materials. However, with the increased substitution level of cement by fly ash, the major drawback is the low early-age strength of cement paste owing to the slow pozzolanic reaction of fly ash. This study aims to accelerate the early-age strength of high content fly ash blended cement paste using sodium sulfate and calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) seeds. The results show that sodium sulfate and C-S-H seeds exhibit a synergistic enhancement effect on the early-age strength of high content fly ash blended cement paste, which is much higher than the sum of individual effects of sodium sulfate and C-S-H seeds. Therefore, the high replacement of cement by fly ash towards a greener binder can be achieved by the application of sodium sulfate and C-S-H seeds. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of the synergistic effect is revealed through this study. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Challenging Behaviors Online Modules for Parents of Young Children with Disabilities: A Pilot Feasibility Study

Challenging behaviors exhibited by young children negatively affect development and may also prevent children from receiving appropriate education. These behaviors may also hinder positive family interactions and have a significant impact on parents and other family members. Although various parent training approaches exist to increase parents' capacity to address these challenging behaviors, many parents are reportedly not able to access training due to time and resource constraints. To address inequitable dissemination of information, we developed and piloted the use of the Challenging Behavior Online Modules with 10 parents of children with disabilities. In particular, we examined the feasibility of the Challenging Behavior Online Modules for increasing parents' knowledge and use of positive parenting practices with their young children. Parents reported satisfaction with the contents and delivery method of the intervention. Implications and directions for future research are also suggested.
Optimisation of cascade reservoir operation considering environmental flows for different environmental management classes

Most commonly, hydropower operation focused on the economic and social benefits of the humankind, whereas neglecting the riverine ecosystem conservation. This conventional approach of operation led to the degradation of the riverine ecosystem. As research progressed, adoption of natural flow variability in the operation of reservoir gained momentum. Flow variability is a major driver of the healthy river ecosystem, whereby discharging a certain amount of water could potentially reduce the adverse effect of reservoirs and dams on the riverine ecosystem. On this preface, the study presented here constitutes a multi-objective optimisation model of cascade reservoirs to maximise the power generation while minimising the shortage of environmental flows considering five environmental management classes. This paper analyses the case studies for Liujiaping-Yumitan cascade reservoirs. The environmental flows regarding each environmental management classes were calculated using "Global Environmental Flow Calculator", the model was solved using an anon-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The NSGA-II helps to find Pareto optimal sets of solutions, NSGA-II, however, cannot be used solely for taking a comprehensive decision. Therefore, the Projection Pursuit Cluster (PPC) model has been used additionally for the optimal sequencing of the compromised optimal solutions. The maximum annual power production considering five environmental management classes were respectively: 1.121, 1.109, 1.103, 1.109, and 1.117 (x10(8) kWh) with environmental flows shortage of 2060.82, 616.497, 200.52, 28.88, and 0.004 (x10(4) m(3)) respectively. Findings resulted from this study, highlight the necessity for power production compromise for a better degree of environmental protection. In contrast, the environmental benefit is more important not only for the sustainable operation of the hydropower but also for fulfilling the universal needs of the riverine ecosystem. Therefore, the outcomes of this study can be a guideline for decision-makers to improve the comprehensive benefits of the Liujiaping-Yumitan cascade hydropower station along with the conservation of the environmental health of the river. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mitochondrial respiration in rats during hypothermia resulting from central drug administration

The ability to induce a hypothermia resembling that of natural torpor would be greatly beneficial in medical and non-medical fields. At present, two procedures based on central nervous pharmacological manipulation have been shown to be effective in bringing core body temperature well below 30 °C in the rat, a non-hibernator: the first, based on the inhibition of a key relay in the central thermoregulatory pathway, the other, based on the activation of central adenosine A1 receptors. Although the role of mitochondria in the activation and maintenance of torpor has been extensively studied, no data are available for centrally induced hypothermia in non-hibernators. Thus, in the present work the respiration rate of mitochondria in the liver and in the kidney of rats following the aforementioned hypothermia-inducing treatments was studied. Moreover, to have an internal control, the same parameters were assessed in a well-consolidated model, i.e., mice during fasting-induced torpor. Our results show that state 3 respiration rate, which significantly decreased in the liver of mice, was unchanged in rats. An increase of state 4 respiration rate was observed in both species, although it was not statistically significant in rats under central adenosine stimulation. Also, a significant decrease of the respiratory control ratio was detected in both species. Finally, no effects were detected in kidney mitochondria in both species. Overall, in these hypothermic conditions liver mitochondria of rats remained active and apparently ready to be re-activated to produce energy and warm up the cells. These findings can be interpreted as encouraging in view of the finalization of a translational approach to humans.
Asymmetric effect of structural change and renewable energy consumption on carbon emissions: designing an SDG framework for Turkey

A plethora of studies have shown that structural change helps nations achieve socioeconomic growth. The influence of structural change on environmental quality, on the other hand, has yet to be thoroughly investigated. As a result, the current study assesses the asymmetric impact of structural change on CO2 emissions while controlling for the effects of economic progress, renewable energy utilization, and nonrenewable energy in Turkey. To this end, this research used yearly data stretching from 1965 to 2019. The study applied several econometric approaches including nonlinear auto-regressive distributed lag (NARDL) and spectral causality to assess these associations. The outcomes from the NARDL reveal that variations in the regressors have a nonlinear influence on CO2 in Turkey. Moreover, the transition in the economy's structure helps to boost ecological quality, while the findings also show that Turkey's current economic progress trajectory is unsustainable due to the country's reliance on fossil fuel-based energy consumption. The outcomes of the spectral causality test also show that structural change can predict CO2 emissions in Turkey at different frequencies. Based on the study findings, the government should encourage investment in the service sector in order to maintain a suitable level of environmental sustainability.