ahmedabdelwahed/Medical_papers_title_and_abstract_NLP_dataset huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Effects of HDAC Inhibitors on DNA Damage and Associated Cytotoxicity in Primary Hepatocytes

Primary hepatocytes are the gold standard in pharmaco- and toxicokinetic studies during preclinical development of drug candidates. Such cells are a valuable tool to identify potential hepatotoxicity, an important adverse drug reaction. Primary hepatocytes can be obtained not only from wild-type mice but also from genetically engineered knockout mouse strains. Liver perfusion yields murine primary hepatocytes (mpH) with high vitality, expressing an array of metabolic enzymes and transporters that are impaired or even absent in established liver cell lines. Furthermore, mpH display no genetic alterations and are proficient in the DNA damage response pathway. This makes mpH a suitable model to analyze the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on DNA damage and cell viability. Here, we report an efficient and fast protocol for the isolation of mpH by liver perfusion. These mpH can be used for downstream applications such as the detection of the DNA damage marker γH2AX by confocal laser scanning microscopy.
Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators: Tutorial Overview, Design Guide, and State-of-the-Art Survey

This paper presents a tutorial overview of Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators (CTDSM); their operating principles to understand what is important intuitively and architectures to achieve higher conversion efficiency and to operate low supply voltage, design methods against loop stability problem, tuning methods of the bandwidth and so on. A survey of cutting-edge CMOS implementations is described.
Assessment of Quality of Life in Men Treated for Infertility in Poland

The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) of men treated for infertility in Poland. This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQoL-BREF), Fertility Quality of Life tool (FertiQoL) and an author-constructed questionnaire. The study included 1200 men treated for infertility without the use of assisted reproductive technology (non-ART), intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). The control group consisted of 100 healthy men with confirmed fertility. The quality of life assessed by the WHOQoL-BREF questionnaire was significantly lower in study groups in the Environmental domain, compared to the control group (p = 0.009). Statistically significant differences were found in the case of FertiQoL subscales: Emotional, Mind-Body, Relational, and Treatment Environment, depending on applied treatment. Men whose partners were treated without the use of ART assessed their QoL significantly more negatively than those treated with IUI. Reproductive problems and type of their treatment influenced the quality of life of the affected men. Non-ART treatment, rural place of residence, and increased BMI were associated with lower QoL.
Benzene and toluene influence with or without nitrogen dioxide on inorganic pigments of works of art - Part II

Air pollution has a great impact on the social and economic aspects all over the world. In order to account the human interaction with the atmospheric environment, a suitable scientific basis is needed. That is why six physicochemical quantities have been determined in a previous work for each one heterogeneous system between organic volatile pollutants and oxide-pigments of works of art. This investigation is extended in order to determine experimentally five new ones. Thus, a more precise contribution to the elucidation of the mechanism of the deterioration of various works of art in museums is achieved. These physicochemical quantities are: (1) local adsorption energies, (2) local monolayer capacities, (3) local adsorption isotherms, (4) density probability function, and (5) pollutant concentration on the oxide-pigment at equilibrium. All these adsorption parameters mentioned above have been calculated as a function of experimental time for the systems: C6H6/TiO2, C6H6/NO2/TiO2, C6H6/Cr2O3, C6H6/NO2/Cr2O3, C6H5CH3/TiO2, C6H5CH3/NO2/TiO2, C6H5CH3/Cr2O3, C6H5CH3/NO2/Cr2O3, C6H6/PbO, C6H6/NO2/PbO, C6H5CH3/PbO, and C6H5CH3/NO2/PbO for the first time. Thus, in this work we shall stress the recent new aspect of Reversed Flow(Inverse) Gas Chromatography (RF-CYC or RF-IGC), i.e. the time-resolved chromatography related to the evaluation of some important adsorption parameters. Gas Chromatography is a promising meeting place of surface science and atmospheric chemistry. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synthesis of Photodegradable Polystyrene with Trithiocarbonate as Linkages

Multiblock polystyrenes (PS) with trithiocarbonate groups as linkages are prepared via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization using polytrithiocarbonate as a chain transfer agent. The photodegradability of the multiblock PS in the solid state is investigated under UV irradiation at room temperature in an air atmosphere. The experimental results demonstrate that the trithiocarbonate linkages in the multiblock PS can be broken under UV light irradiation at room temperature and the multiblock PS is degraded into separate PS blocks. Gel permeation chromatography measurement reveals that the molecular weight of multiblock PS is reduced from 27 900 to 7900 g mol(-1) after UV light irradiation for 745 h. Moreover, the thermal stability of the multiblock PS is examined and the results indicate that the incorporation of trithiocarbonate shows little influence on the thermal stability of multiblock PS.
Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: The Role of Late Childhood Frontal EEG Asymmetry, Executive Function, and Adolescent Cognitive Reappraisal

Cognitive reappraisal is adaptive for decreasing symptoms of depression; however, a gap in the research is understanding the childhood processes that contribute to cognitive reappraisal in adolescence. This study examined executive function and frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry during late childhood as predictors of adolescent cognitive reappraisal and depressive symptoms. Data were from 123 participants in late childhood (age 10) and adolescence (age 14.5). A moderated mediation model was fit to the data to examine frontal EEG asymmetry as a moderator in the relation between late childhood inhibitory control and adolescent cognitive reappraisal as well as adolescent cognitive reappraisal and adolescent depressive symptoms. Results indicated lower inhibitory control was associated with lower cognitive reappraisal when children had right frontal EEG asymmetry. Lower cognitive reappraisal in turn was associated with higher depressive symptoms for children with right frontal EEG asymmetry. Working memory and cognitive flexibility were also examined but were not significant indicators. Results suggest the potential for targeting inhibitory control and cognitive reappraisal to diminish depressive symptoms particularly among adolescents with right frontal EEG asymmetry.
Synergistic co-digestion of solid-organic-waste and municipal-sewage-sludge: 1 plus 1 equals more than 2 in terms of biogas production and solids reduction

Making good use of existing water infrastructure by adding organic wastes to anaerobic digesters improves the energy balance of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) substantially. This paper explores co-digestion load limits targeting a good trade-off for boosting methane production, and limiting process-drawbacks on nitrogen-return loads, cake-production, solids-viscosity and polymer demand. Bio-methane potential tests using whey as a model co-substrate showed diversification and intensification of the anaerobic digestion process resulting in a synergistical enhancement in sewage sludge methanization. Full-scale case-studies demonstrate organic co-substrate addition of up to 94% of the organic sludge load resulted in tripling of the biogas production. At organic co-substrate addition of up to 25% no significant increase in cake production and only a minor increase in ammonia release of ca. 20% have been observed. Similar impacts were measured at a high-solids digester pilot with up-stream thermal hydrolyses where the organic loading rate was increased by 25% using co-substrate. Dynamic simulations were used to validate the synergistic impact of co-substrate addition on sludge methanization, and an increase in hydrolysis rate from 1.5 d(-1) to 2.5 d(-1) was identified for simulating measured gas production rate. This study demonstrates co-digestion for maximizing synergy as a step towards energy efficiency and ultimately towards carbon neutrality.
Humaine: a ubiquitous smartphone-based user heading estimation for mobile computing systems

Recently, there have been a wide range of mobile computing and crowd-sourcing applications that leverage the proliferating sensing capabilities of smartphones. Many of these place a paramount importance on accurate user heading estimation. Such applications include dead-reckoning-based localization and many crowd-sensing applications where the user typically carry her phone in arbitrary positions and orientations relative to her body and her transportation mode. However, there is no general solution available to estimate the user's heading as current state-of-the-art focus on improving the phone orientation estimation, require the phone to be placed in a particular position, require a fixed transportation mode, require user intervention, and/or do not work accurately indoors. In this paper we present Humaine, a novel ubiquitous system that reliably and accurately estimates the user orientation relative to the Earth coordinate system. Humaine works accurately whether the user is riding a vehicle or walking indoors/outdoors for arbitrary cell phone positions and orientations relative to the user body. Moreover, it requires no prior-configuration nor user intervention. The system intelligently fuses the different inertial sensors widely available in off-the-shelf smartphones and employs statistical analysis techniques to their measurements to estimate the user orientation. Implementation of the system on different Android devices with 300 experiments performed at different indoor and outdoor testbeds shows that Humaine significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art in diverse scenarios, achieving a median accuracy of 14(ay) and 16(ay) for indoor and outdoor pedestrian users and 20(ay) for in-vehicle users over a wide variety of phone positions. This is better than the-state-of-the-art by 523% and 594% for indoor and outdoor pedestrian users and 750% for in-vehicle users. This accuracy highlights the ubiquity of Humaine and its robustness against the various noise sources.
Association between Berlin questionnaire index and blood pressure, organ damage and metabolic profilein a general population

We evaluated the relationships between Berlin questionnaire (BQ) scores, hypertension and other metabolic variables in 598 subjects (age: 65.8 ± 10 years, mean ± SD) enrolled in the PAMELA (Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni) study representative of the general population, treated or untreated with antihypertensive drugs. Two hundred and eleven subjects (35%) had a positive BQ with two or more positive categories of the inquiry. Compared to those without sleep disorders these subjects showed a greater male prevalence (55.9%), worse serum cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose profile, greater body mass index (BMI) (28.9 ± 4.9 vs. 24.9 ± 3.4 kg/m2 ), higher office (and to a lesser extent 24-h) BP and HR values, higher serum creatinine values and greater rate of echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (25% vs. 13%). These differences were not detected when the data analysis was restricted to treated hypertensive patients. Thus, BQ scores allow to identify among subjects belonging to a general population those with elevated BP, organ damage and altered metabolic. When antihypertensive drug treatment is present, however, the approach fails to detect differences between groups with low or high BQ index.
The Role of Gut Microbiota and Trimethylamine N-oxide in Cardiovascular Diseases

Changes in the intestinal flora and its metabolites have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and especially trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), an endothelial toxic factor produced by gut microbiota from phosphatidylcholine in meat, have been identified to be closely related to endothelial cell dysfunction as well as tightly affiliated with CVD, the two main types being coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary microvascular disease (CMVD). We discuss how changes in the gut flora and the metabolite TMAO contribute to the development of CAD and CMVD. The above insight might serve as a stepping stone for novel CAD and CMVD diagnostics and therapies centered on microbiota.
Global Metabonomic and Proteomic Analysis of Human Conjunctival Epithelial Cells (IOBA-NHC) in Response to Hyperosmotic Stress

"Dry eye" is a multifactorial inflammatory disease affecting the ocular surface. Tear hyperosmolarity in dry eye contributes to inflammation and cell damage. Recent research efforts on dry eye have been directed toward biomarker discovery for diagnosis, response to treatment, and disease mechanisms. This study employed a spontaneously immortalized normal human conjunctival cell line, IOBA-NHC, as a model to investigate hyperosmotic stress-induced changes of metabolites and proteins. Global and targeted metabonomic analyses as well as proteomic analysis were performed on IOBA-NHC cells incubated in serum-free media at 280 (control), 380, and 480 mOsm for 24 h. Twenty-one metabolites and seventy-six iTRAQ-identified proteins showed significant changes under at least one hyperosmotic stress treatment as compared with controls. SWATH-based proteomic analysis further confirmed the involvement of inflammatory pathways such as prostaglandin 2 synthesis in IOBA-NHC cells under hyperosmotic stress. This study is the first to identify glycerophosphocholine synthesis and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation as key activated pathways in ocular surface cells under hyperosmotic stress. These findings extend the current knowledge in metabolite markers of dry eye and provide potential therapeutic targets for its treatment.
Long umbilical cord and its mysterious demeanour: A case report

True knots in the umbilical cord are rare, affecting approximately 1% of all pregnancies. The diagnosis may be missed antenatally during routine ultrasonography. Many known predisposing factors are associated with true knotting. In the majority of cases, it has no bearing on foetal outcome, but may rarely be linked to intra-uterine foetal death.
INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURED TEACHING ENVIRONMENT ON LEARNING ATTITUDE AND ACHIEVEMENT IN ART TEACHING

From Europe, America, and Asia, artistic ability is a part of national competitiveness has been constantly emphasised in today globalised society. Artistic ability and cognition of foreign culture are not only the important direction of strategic thinking, but also the basis of today economic and industrial competition. This study takes a university in Zhejiang as the research object. This study adopted experimental research, there being a total of 212 students from the university are selected; and the experimental teaching study was proceeded for 16 weeks (3 h a week and a total of 48 h). Research results are: (1) Structured learning environments affect learning attitudes; (2) Structured learning environments affect learning outcomes; (3) Learning attitude has a significant positive impact on learning outcomes. The results can help students to: improve their motivation for learning, enhance their active learning attitude, and develop the ability and attitude of independent learning.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging, deep learning, and Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently diagnosed using a mixture of psychological tests and clinical observations. However, these diagnoses are not perfect, and additional diagnostic tools (e.g., MRI) can help improve our understanding of AD as well as our ability to detect the disease. Accordingly, a large amount of research has been invested into innovative diagnostic methods for AD. Functional MRI (fMRI) is a form of neuroimaging technology that has been used to diagnose AD; however, fMRI is incredibly noisy, complex, and thus lacks clinical use. Nonetheless, recent innovations in deep learning technology could enable the simplified and streamlined analysis of fMRI. Deep learning is a form of artificial intelligence that uses computer algorithms based on human neural networks to solve complex problems. For example, in fMRI research, deep learning models can automatically denoise images and classify AD by detecting patterns in participants' brain scans. In this systematic review, we investigate how fMRI (specifically resting-state fMRI) and deep learning methods are used to diagnose AD. In turn, we outline the common deep neural network, preprocessing, and classification methods used in the literature. We also discuss the accuracy, strengths, limitations, and future direction of fMRI deep learning methods. In turn, we aim to summarize the current field for new researchers, suggest specific areas for future research, and highlight the potential of fMRI to aid AD diagnoses.
Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks

State-of-the-art object detection networks depend on region proposal algorithms to hypothesize object locations. Advances like SPPnet [1] and Fast R-CNN [2] have reduced the running time of these detection networks, exposing region proposal computation as a bottleneck. In this work, we introduce a Region Proposal Network (RPN) that shares full-image convolutional features with the detection network, thus enabling nearly cost-free region proposals. An RPN is a fully convolutional network that simultaneously predicts object bounds and objectness scores at each position. The RPN is trained end-to-end to generate high-quality region proposals, which are used by Fast R-CNN for detection. We further merge RPN and Fast R-CNN into a single network by sharing their convolutional features-using the recently popular terminology of neural networks with 'attention' mechanisms, the RPN component tells the unified network where to look. For the very deep VGG-16 model [3], our detection system has a frame rate of 5 fps (including all steps) on a GPU, while achieving state-of-the-art object detection accuracy on PASCAL VOC 2007, 2012, and MS COCO datasets with only 300 proposals per image. In ILSVRC and COCO 2015 competitions, Faster R-CNN and RPN are the foundations of the 1st-place winning entries in several tracks. Code has been made publicly available.
Pan-Sharpening Based on Transformer With Redundancy Reduction

Pan-sharpening methods based on deep neural network (DNN) have produced the state-of-the-art results. However, the common information in the panchromatic (PAN) image and the low spatial resolution multispectral (LRMS) image is not sufficiently explored. As PAN and LRMS images are collected from the same scene, there exists some common information among them, in addition to their respective unique information. The direct concatenation of extracted features leads to some redundancy in the feature space. To reduce the redundancy among features and exploit the global information in source images, we proposed a novel pan-sharpening method by combining the convolution neural network and transformer. Specifically, PAN and LRMS images are encoded as unique features and common features by the subnetworks consisting of convolution blocks and transformer blocks. Then, the common features are averaged and combined with unique features from source images for the reconstruction of the fused image. To extract accurate common features, the equality constraint is imposed on them. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on both reduced-scale and full-scale datasets. The source code is available at https://github.com/RSMagneto/TRRNet.
Ox40-Cre-mediated deletion of BRD4 reveals an unexpected phenotype of hair follicle stem cells in alopecia

BRD4 is a bromodomain extraterminal domain family member and functions primarily as a chromatin reader regulating genes involved in cell-fate decisions. Here, we bred Brd4fl/fl Ox40-Cre mice in which Brd4 was conditionally deleted in OX40-expressing cells to examine the role of BRD4 in regulating immune responses. We found that the Brd4fl/fl Ox40-Cre mice developed profound alopecia and dermatitis, while other organs and tissues were not affected. Surprisingly, lineage-tracing experiments using the Rosa26fl/fl-Yfp mice identified a subset of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) that constitutively express OX40, and deletion of Brd4 specifically in such HFSCs resulted in cell death and a complete loss of skin hair growth. We also found that death of HFSCs triggered massive activation of the intradermal γδ T cells, which induced epidermal hyperplasia and dermatitis by producing the inflammatory cytokine IL-17. Interestingly, deletion of Brd4 in Foxp3+ Tregs, which also constitutively express OX40, compromised their suppressive functions, and this, in turn, contributed to the enhanced activation of γδ T cells, as well as the severity of dermatitis and hair follicle destruction. Thus, our data demonstrate an unexpected role of BRD4 in regulating skin follicle stem cells and skin inflammation.
Ferroelectric Thin Films for Oxide Electronics

Ferroelectric materials have set in motion numerous ultralow-energyconsuming device concepts that can be integrated into state-of-the-art complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. Their nonvolatile, spontaneous electric polarization makes them promising candidates to control functionalities at the nanoscale with energy-efficient electric fields only. In this spotlight article, we start with a brief introduction to ferroelectric materials, the challenges involving the design of thin films and review the state-of-the-art of their integration into various electronic applications. Revolutionary in situ and operando diagnostic tools allowing the monitoring of the technology-relevant polarization state during the material design, or its operation will be detailed. Concepts such as chiral states in ferroelectrics and neuromorphic-type switching will be addressed to provide a comprehensive view on the evolution of ferroelectric states for the next generation of low-energy-consuming electronics. Finally, we discuss the most recent developments in the field, including the emergence of ferroelectricity at the nanoscale and in two-dimensional systems.