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1 |
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ุงุณู
ุงููู ุงูุฑุญู
ู ุงูุฑุญูู
ุงูุญู
ุฏ ููู ุฑุจ ุงูุนุงูู
ูู ูุงุตูู |
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2 |
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00:00:06,100 --> 00:00:12,800 |
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ูุงุณูู
ุนูู ูุฌูุฒ ุฑุญู
ุฉ ููุนุงูู
ูู ุจูุงุชู ููุงูู
ุณุชูู |
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3 |
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00:00:12,800 --> 00:00:17,060 |
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ุงูุซุงูุซ ุงุนูุฏูุง ุงูููู
ูู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุงุช ุงูุชุงุณุนุฉ ูู |
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4 |
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00:00:17,060 --> 00:00:20,780 |
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ูุฐุง ู
ุณุงุจู ุดูุก ูุงุณุฃู ุงููู ุนุฒ ูุฌู ุงู ุชููููุง ูุฏ |
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5 |
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00:00:20,780 --> 00:00:24,600 |
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ุฃุชู
ู
ุชู
ูุนูู ูุฑุงุกุฉ ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุงุช ุงูุณุงุจูุฉ ุงูุงุณุชู
ุงุน ุงูููุง |
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6 |
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00:00:24,600 --> 00:00:28,620 |
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ูุชูุฎูุตูุง ููุญู ุงู ุดุงุก ุงููู ููุงุตู ู
ุนูู
ูุฑุจู
ุง ูููู
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7 |
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00:00:28,620 --> 00:00:35,140 |
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ูุนูู ุจุนู
ู ูุนูู ุงุฌุชู
ุงุน ู
ุตูุฑ ุนูู ุงู meet ููุนูู ูุฌูุจ |
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8 |
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00:00:35,140 --> 00:00:40,910 |
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ุนูู ุงูุฃุณุฆูุฉ ุงูุชู ุชุฑูุฏูู ุงู ุชุณุฃูููุงูู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ |
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9 |
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00:00:40,910 --> 00:00:46,930 |
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ุณูู ูุจุฏุฃ ู
ูุถูุน ุฌุฏูุฏ ููู ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงูุญูููุฉ ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช |
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10 |
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00:00:46,930 --> 00:00:52,810 |
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ุงูุญููุฉ ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงูุชู ุชุนู
ู ุถุฏ ุงูู
ููุฑูุจุงุช ุงุณู
ูุง |
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11 |
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00:00:52,810 --> 00:00:59,490 |
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antimicrobial agents antim ูุนูู ุถุฏ microbial ูุนูู |
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12 |
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00:00:59,490 --> 00:01:03,490 |
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ุงููู ูู ุงู micro organisms ู agents ุงูุนูุงู
ู |
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13 |
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00:01:03,490 --> 00:01:09,320 |
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ุงูุนูุงู
ู ุงูุชู ุชุนู
ู ุถุฏ ุงููู ูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ู ุถุฏุงููู ูู |
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14 |
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00:01:09,320 --> 00:01:14,300 |
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ุงููุงุฆูุงุช ุงูุญูุฉ ุงูุฏูููุฉ ุงูุฃุฎุฑู ูุฐู ุชููุณู
ุฅูู ุงุณู
ูู |
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15 |
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00:01:14,300 --> 00:01:19,840 |
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ุชููุณู
ุฅูู Antibiotics ู Chemotherapeutics ุงูู |
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16 |
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00:01:19,840 --> 00:01:24,820 |
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ุดู
ุนุงุช antibiotic ูุนูู ู
ุถุงุฏ ุญููู ูุจูู ูู
ุง ูููู |
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17 |
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00:01:24,820 --> 00:01:27,760 |
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Antimicrobial ู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงูู
ููุฑูุจุงุช ููู ูู
ุง ูููู |
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18 |
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00:01:27,760 --> 00:01:32,980 |
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antibiotic ูุนูู ู
ุถุงุฏ ุญููู ุงูู
ุถุงุฏ ุงูุญููููุฐุง ููุธ |
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19 |
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00:01:32,980 --> 00:01:38,020 |
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ูู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูู
ูุฑููุจุงุช ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุทุจูุนุฉ not surely |
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20 |
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00:01:38,020 --> 00:01:42,600 |
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present ูุนูู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุทุจูุนุฉ ุงูุฅูุณุงู ู
ุง ุฏู |
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21 |
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00:01:42,600 --> 00:01:46,740 |
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ุงุตูุงุญูุง ุฒู ุงูุจูุณุงููู ู
ุซูุง ุงูุจูุณุงููู ุฅูุฑุงุฒุงุช ูุทุฑูุฉ |
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22 |
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00:01:46,740 --> 00:01:51,020 |
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ุถุฏ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุฌู
ุนููุง ูAlexander Fleming ุณูุฉ 1927 |
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23 |
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00:01:51,020 --> 00:01:56,500 |
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ุทูุจ ุฃูู ุงูุชุดุงู ุงูู
ุถุงุฏ ุงูุญููู ุงู penicillin ูุฌุงู |
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24 |
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00:01:56,500 --> 00:02:00,460 |
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antibioticูุจูู ูุฐู ุงู antibiotics ุจูุตู
ุญุงุด ุงูุฅูุณุงู |
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25 |
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00:02:00,460 --> 00:02:04,880 |
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naturally present ูุนูู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุทุจูุนุฉ ู ุจุชุดุชุบู |
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26 |
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00:02:04,880 --> 00:02:10,440 |
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ุนูู ู
ููุฑูุจูุง antimicrobial agents ูุนูู ุณุจุญุงู ุงููู |
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27 |
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00:02:10,440 --> 00:02:18,480 |
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ุฒู ุณู
ู
ุงููุฑูุจ ุถุฏ ู
ุงููุฑูุจ ูุนูู ู
ุซูุง ูุทุฑูุงุช ุชูุฑุฒ |
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28 |
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00:02:18,480 --> 00:02:25,480 |
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ูุนูู ู
ุถุงุฏ ุญููู ุถุฏ ู
ุซูุง ุจูุชูุฑูุง ุจุชู
ูุช ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
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29 |
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00:02:25,850 --> 00:02:30,890 |
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ุฃุฎุฐูุง ูุฐุง ุงูุฅูุณุงู ูุตุงุฑ ูุนุทูู ูุนูู ุถุฏ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
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30 |
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00:02:30,890 --> 00:02:35,550 |
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ูุตุงุฑ Antibiotic ูุฃูู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูุทุจูุนุฉ ูุจูู ูู can |
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31 |
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00:02:35,550 --> 00:02:40,850 |
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destroy ูุนูู ููุชู ุฃู inhibit the growth ุฃู ุนูู |
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32 |
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00:02:40,850 --> 00:02:45,890 |
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ุงูุฃูู ูู
ูุน ูู
ู ุงู micro organisms ูุฐุง ูุชูุฑ ู
ูุฌูุฏ |
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33 |
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00:02:45,890 --> 00:02:49,810 |
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ูู ุงูุทุจูุนุฉ ุฒู ุงูุจูุณุงููู ุฃูู ูุงุญุฏ ูุงูุชุชุฑุง ุณุงูุฑูู |
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34 |
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00:02:49,810 --> 00:02:54,370 |
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ุฏุฑุงู
ุงูุณูู ููููุณูู ูุงูุณุชุฑูุจุชู
ุงูุณูู ููุชูุฑ ููู ู
ุถุงุฏุงุช |
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35 |
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00:02:54,370 --> 00:02:58,850 |
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ุญูููุฉุงูุณูุงุฑุงุช ุงูุณุงุฏุฑูุฉ ูุซูุฑ ูููุง ู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุญูููุฉ |
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36 |
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00:02:58,850 --> 00:03:02,670 |
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ุงูููุน ุงูุชุงูู ุงูู chemotherapeutic ูุฃ ูุฐุง ูุญุถุฑ ูู |
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37 |
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00:03:02,670 --> 00:03:06,310 |
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ุงูู
ุนุงู
ู ูุนูู ูุฐุง ุจูุฏุฑ ุงููู ู
ู ุตูุงุนุฉ ุงูุฅูุณุงู |
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38 |
|
00:03:06,310 --> 00:03:10,070 |
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chemotherapeutic ุบูุฑ ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูุทุจูุนุฉ ุทูุจ ูู |
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39 |
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00:03:10,070 --> 00:03:14,670 |
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chemicals ู
ูุงุฏ ููู
ูููุฉ produced artificially ูุนูู |
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40 |
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00:03:14,670 --> 00:03:22,400 |
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ุตูุงุนูุง ููููุง ุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงูู
ููุฑูุจุงุช ุชูุชูุงูู
ููุฑูุจูุงุช ุฒู |
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41 |
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00:03:22,400 --> 00:03:28,260 |
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ุงูุด ุงูุตููุฉ ูู ู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูุตููุฉ ูุฐู ู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุตูุงุนูุฉ |
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42 |
|
00:03:28,260 --> 00:03:31,320 |
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ูุงูุชู ู
ููุฑูุจูุง ู
ุด ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุทุจูุนุฉ ุงูุตููุฉ ุงุญูุง |
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43 |
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00:03:31,320 --> 00:03:36,480 |
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ู
ุตูุนูุง ูุดูุก ุงุณู
ู ูุงููุฏูุณู ุงุณุฏ ูุฐุง ุจูุดุชุบู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
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44 |
|
00:03:36,480 --> 00:03:43,480 |
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ููู ู
ุด ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูุทุจูุนุฉ ุงู ุจุณ ููุง ูู ู
ุดููุฉ ุงู ูุฐุง |
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45 |
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00:03:43,480 --> 00:03:47,500 |
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ุงูุตููุฉ ููุงููุฏูุณู ุงุณุฏ ูุบูุฑูู
ุฅูู ุจูุดุชุบููุง ุนูู |
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46 |
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00:03:47,500 --> 00:03:52,100 |
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ุงูุฎูุงูุง ุนู
ูู
ุง ุณูุงุก ุฎูุงูุง ุงู micro organisms ุฃู |
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47 |
|
00:03:52,100 --> 00:03:55,460 |
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ุฎูุงูุง ุงูุนุงุฆู ุงููู ูู ุนุงูุดุฉ ูููุง ูุนูู ู
ุซูุง |
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48 |
|
00:03:55,460 --> 00:03:59,240 |
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ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุฑุฆุฉ ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูููุงุฒ ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ |
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49 |
|
00:03:59,240 --> 00:04:04,780 |
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ูู ุงูููุฉ ูุนูู ูู
ุง ุงุญูุง ูุนุทู ุงูุตููุฉ ู
ุซูุง ุงูู
ุชููุน |
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50 |
|
00:04:04,780 --> 00:04:12,800 |
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ุงููุง ูู ุชุนู
ู ูุนูู ูุชู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ู ูุชู ุงูุฎูุงูุง |
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51 |
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00:04:12,800 --> 00:04:16,350 |
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ุงูุญูุฉ ุงููู ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงูุฅูุณุงู ุงููู ูููุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุงููุง |
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52 |
|
00:04:16,350 --> 00:04:24,330 |
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ุจูุฏุฑ ุงู
ูุงู ูุญุงูู ุงู ูุฌูู ุงูู Chemotherapy ุงููู |
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53 |
|
00:04:24,330 --> 00:04:28,810 |
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ุจูุนู
ู ุงูู ุถุฑุฑ ุนูู ุงูุฎูุงูุง ุงูุฅูุณุงููุฉ Selective |
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54 |
|
00:04:28,810 --> 00:04:34,450 |
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toxicity ุงุณู
ูุง ุณู
ูุฉ ุงุฎุชูุงุฑูุฉ ุจุชููู ุถุฏ ุงูู
ููุฑูุจุงุช |
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55 |
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00:04:34,450 --> 00:04:42,410 |
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ุจุชููู ููููุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุนูู ุฎูุงูุง ุงูุนุงูู Harmlessูุนูู ุบูุฑ |
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56 |
|
00:04:42,410 --> 00:04:46,970 |
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ุถุงุฑุฉ ุจุฎูุงูุง ุงูุฅูุณุงู ููุฐุง ูุนูู ู
ุด ู
ูุฉ ูู
ูุฉ ููู |
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57 |
|
00:04:46,970 --> 00:04:51,570 |
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ูุณุจุชู ุฌูููุฉ ุชุจูู ูู
ุงู ุฃุดูุฑ ุงููุฑู ุจูู ุงู |
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58 |
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00:04:51,570 --> 00:04:57,070 |
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antibiotics ู ุงู chemotherapists ุงูุชูุณูู
ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู |
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|
|
59 |
|
00:04:57,070 --> 00:05:03,570 |
|
antimicrobial ุญุงุจูู ุฌุณู
ูุง ุฌุณู
ูู ูุณู
ูุงุณุน ุงูุทูู |
|
|
|
60 |
|
00:05:03,570 --> 00:05:08,770 |
|
broad spectrum ู ูุณู
ุถูู ุงูุทููู
ุง ูู ุงููุฑู ุจูู |
|
|
|
61 |
|
00:05:08,770 --> 00:05:15,590 |
|
ุงูุจุฑูุฏ ูุนูู ุนุฑูุถ ููุงุณุน ู ูุงุฑู ุถูู ุงูุจุฑูุฏ ุจูุดุชุบู |
|
|
|
62 |
|
00:05:15,590 --> 00:05:19,570 |
|
ุนูู ุฃูุจุฑ ู
ุฌู
ูุนุงุช ู
ู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ูุนูู ุฏู ุงู |
|
|
|
63 |
|
00:05:19,570 --> 00:05:23,310 |
|
antibiotics ุจูุดุชุบู ุนูู gram positive ููุฐุง ุฃุฎุฏูุงูุง |
|
|
|
64 |
|
00:05:23,310 --> 00:05:28,310 |
|
ูู ุตุจุบุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ูุนูู gram negative ู
ุน ุจุนุถ ู
ุซูุง |
|
|
|
65 |
|
00:05:28,310 --> 00:05:34,710 |
|
ูููุฑู ูููููููุฒูุฐุง ู
ุฌู
ูุนุงุช ุฌุฏูุฏุฉ ูุนูู ุชุดุชุบู ุชู
ุงู
|
|
|
|
66 |
|
00:05:34,710 --> 00:05:38,510 |
|
ูุฐู ุงูุฃูุจุณููู ูุงูููููุณุงููู ุฌุฑูู
ุฉ ููู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุงุช |
|
|
|
67 |
|
00:05:38,510 --> 00:05:42,310 |
|
ููููุณุงุณููู ู ูููุฑุง ู ูููููููุฒ ู ุงู others ูุฏููุฉ |
|
|
|
68 |
|
00:05:42,310 --> 00:05:47,910 |
|
ุจูุดุชุบููุง ูุนูู ุจุทุฑููุฉ ู
ู
ุชุงุฒุฉ ุนูู ุฃูุจุฑ ุฃู ุฃูุณุน ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
69 |
|
00:05:47,910 --> 00:05:52,010 |
|
ู
ู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุณูุงุก positive ุฃู negative ุงููุงุฑู ูุฃ |
|
|
|
70 |
|
00:05:52,010 --> 00:05:55,690 |
|
ุงููุงุฑู ูุง positive ูุง negative ู
ุดุชุบูุด ุนูู positive |
|
|
|
71 |
|
00:05:55,690 --> 00:05:59,760 |
|
ู negative ู
ุน ุจุนุถ ุนุดุงู ููู ุณู
ููุง ูุงุฑูุงููุงุฑ ู
ุซูุง |
|
|
|
72 |
|
00:05:59,760 --> 00:06:06,740 |
|
ุชุดุชุบู ุงูุงุชุฑูู
ูุณูู ุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุฌุฑุงู
positive ุจุงุณุชุฑุณูู |
|
|
|
73 |
|
00:06:06,740 --> 00:06:11,360 |
|
ุนูู ุฌุฑุงู
positive ุงูุฑูุฏูุณู ุฃุณุฏ ูุงูุฏููุชุงู
ูุณูู ู
ุซูุง |
|
|
|
74 |
|
00:06:11,360 --> 00:06:15,800 |
|
ุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุฌุฑุงู
ููุฌุงุชูู ูุงุญุธูู ูุนูู ุงูู ูุง positive |
|
|
|
75 |
|
00:06:15,800 --> 00:06:21,280 |
|
ูุง ููุฌุงุชูู ุขู ู
ุงููุด positive ู
ุน ููุฌุงุชูู ุฒู ูุงูุง |
|
|
|
76 |
|
00:06:21,280 --> 00:06:25,900 |
|
ูุนูู ูุงูุง ุฌุฑุงู
positive ูุฌุฑุงู
ููุฌุงุชูู ู
ุน ุจุนุถ ุนุดุงู |
|
|
|
77 |
|
00:06:25,900 --> 00:06:31,580 |
|
ุงูุจุฑูุฏูู
ุง ูุนุทู ุงูุนูุงู ุฌุฑุนุฉ ู
ุถุงุฑุจุฉ ุญูููุฉ ููููู |
|
|
|
78 |
|
00:06:31,580 --> 00:06:34,960 |
|
ุญุงูุชู ุฎุทูุฑุฉ ุฃู ุฏูุชูุงุจุฑู ุงูู ุงุญูุง ู
ุถุทุฑูู ุงู ูุนุทูู |
|
|
|
79 |
|
00:06:34,960 --> 00:06:40,440 |
|
broad spectrum ูู
ุง ูููู ูุนูู ูุฒูุฉ ุฌูููุฉ ุงู ุถุนููุฉ |
|
|
|
80 |
|
00:06:40,440 --> 00:06:47,220 |
|
ูุนุทูู narrow spectrum ุทูุจ ุงูุงู ุงูุด ุงู effects of |
|
|
|
81 |
|
00:06:47,220 --> 00:06:50,660 |
|
antibiotics on bacterial population ุงูุด ู
ุถุงุฑุจุฉ |
|
|
|
82 |
|
00:06:50,660 --> 00:06:56,440 |
|
ุญูููุฉ ุจุชุนู
ู ููุจูุชูุฑูุง ูุงููู ุจุชุนู
ู ุนู
ู ู
ู ุนู
ู ุงู
ุง |
|
|
|
83 |
|
00:06:57,200 --> 00:07:06,180 |
|
Sidal Effect ูุงุชู ุณูุฏู ูุงุชู ุฃู static ูุนูู static |
|
|
|
84 |
|
00:07:06,180 --> 00:07:14,620 |
|
ู
ุตุจุท ูุนูู ู
ุฌูู ูุนูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง static ุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
85 |
|
00:07:14,620 --> 00:07:18,620 |
|
static antibiotics can kill ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง kill ูุนูู |
|
|
|
86 |
|
00:07:18,620 --> 00:07:22,120 |
|
ุชูุชู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ููุฐุง ูุชููู ุนูู ุงู concentration |
|
|
|
87 |
|
00:07:23,370 --> 00:07:26,430 |
|
concentration of antibiotic ุงููู ูู ุงูุชุฑููุฒ ูู |
|
|
|
88 |
|
00:07:26,430 --> 00:07:33,310 |
|
ู
ูุงู ุงูุชุฑููุฒ ุฃุนูู ูู ู
ูุงู ุฃูุชุฑ ูุชูุง ููู ู
ูุงู ุฃูู |
|
|
|
89 |
|
00:07:33,310 --> 00:07:39,650 |
|
ุชุฑููุฒุง ูู ู
ูุงู ุฃูู ูุชูุง ู
ุซูุง ูุนูู ุงุญูุง ูู ุงุนุทููุง |
|
|
|
90 |
|
00:07:39,650 --> 00:07:48,650 |
|
ุฑุฌู ูุฒูู 80 ูููู ุฏุฑุน ุงูุทูู ุงูุตุบูุฑ ุชููู aesthetic |
|
|
|
91 |
|
00:07:52,650 --> 00:07:57,750 |
|
ูุฃููุง ุฌูููุฉ ูุนูู ูุต ุงูุฌุฑุนุฉ ุฃู ุฑุจุน ุงูุฌุฑุนุฉ ุจููู
ุง ูู |
|
|
|
92 |
|
00:07:57,750 --> 00:08:02,990 |
|
ุฃุนุทููุง ุงูุทูู ุฌุฑุนุฉ ุฑุฌู ู
ู
ูู ูู ุชููู ุณูุฌู ูุชููู |
|
|
|
93 |
|
00:08:02,990 --> 00:08:07,750 |
|
overdose ูุนูู ุญุชู ูููุง ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ุนู ุงูุฌุฑุนุฉ ุงูู
ูุงุฑูุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
94 |
|
00:08:07,750 --> 00:08:14,050 |
|
bacteriostatic ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงูุญูููุฉ can inhibit |
|
|
|
95 |
|
00:08:14,050 --> 00:08:17,930 |
|
the growth and multiplication of bacteria ูุฃู ูู |
|
|
|
96 |
|
00:08:17,930 --> 00:08:27,480 |
|
ุจุณ ูู ุนูุด ุจุชู
ูุน ูู
ููุชูุงุชุฑ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ููู ูุง ุชุฎูุน |
|
|
|
97 |
|
00:08:27,480 --> 00:08:33,600 |
|
ุทูุจ ุงูุขู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ูุงูู ุตุงุฑูุง ุจูุชูุฑู ุงุณุชููุช ูููุช |
|
|
|
98 |
|
00:08:33,600 --> 00:08:40,020 |
|
ูุง ุชูู
ู ููุง ุชุชูุงุชุฑ ุชูุฌู ุจุนุฏ ููู ู
ูุนุช ุงูุฌุณู
|
|
|
|
99 |
|
00:08:40,020 --> 00:08:47,540 |
|
immunity of the body ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงูุฅูุณุงูุฃุชูู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
100 |
|
00:08:47,540 --> 00:08:52,240 |
|
destruction ุชูุชู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุฎุงุตุฉ ุฅู ูุงู ุดุจุงุจ ู |
|
|
|
101 |
|
00:08:52,240 --> 00:08:56,020 |
|
ุนูุฏูู
ู
ูุงุนุฉ ูููุณุฉ ู
ู
ูู ุฃู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงุณุชุชุชู ูููู |
|
|
|
102 |
|
00:08:56,020 --> 00:09:00,640 |
|
ููู ุงุฐุง ูุงู ุนููุฒ ุฃู ุทูู ุตุบูุฑ ุจุฏู bactericidal ุจุฏู |
|
|
|
103 |
|
00:09:00,640 --> 00:09:05,920 |
|
bactericidal ูุฐูู ูุนูู ุงูุทุจูุจ ุงูู
ุนุงูุฌ ุจุฏู ูููู |
|
|
|
104 |
|
00:09:05,920 --> 00:09:12,980 |
|
ุนูุฏู ูุธุฑ ูู ุนู
ุฑ ุงูุฅูุณุงู ูู
ูุงุนุฉ ุงูุฅูุณุงู ูุดุฏุฉ ุงูู
ุฑุถ |
|
|
|
105 |
|
00:09:12,980 --> 00:09:20,620 |
|
ูู ูุฐู ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅููbactericidal antibiotic ูุนุทูู ููุง |
|
|
|
106 |
|
00:09:20,620 --> 00:09:26,380 |
|
bactericide ูุนุทูู ุทูุจ ุงูุขู ูู ุณุคุงู ููู ุชุนู
ู |
|
|
|
107 |
|
00:09:26,380 --> 00:09:32,040 |
|
ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงูุญูููุฉ ุนูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง mechanism of action |
|
|
|
108 |
|
00:09:32,040 --> 00:09:35,300 |
|
of antibiotic ูุนูู ุงุฐุง ุงูุง ุนูุฏู ุฎููุฉ ุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ูุงูุง |
|
|
|
109 |
|
00:09:35,300 --> 00:09:39,700 |
|
ุนุงุฑููุง ุฎููุฉ ุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ูุนูู ู
ูููุฉ ู
ู cell wall ู |
|
|
|
110 |
|
00:09:39,700 --> 00:09:43,260 |
|
cytoplasmic membrane |
|
|
|
111 |
|
00:09:46,980 --> 00:09:54,280 |
|
ูููุง ููุฌุฏ ูุจุณููุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
112 |
|
00:09:54,280 --> 00:09:58,060 |
|
ุงุดู ูู ุจุนุถ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุฉ ุจูุนู
ู ุนู ุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
113 |
|
00:09:58,060 --> 00:10:00,960 |
|
destruction of cell wall ูู ูุฐุง ูู
ุฑ ุงุชููู |
|
|
|
114 |
|
00:10:00,960 --> 00:10:08,780 |
|
destruction of cell wall ุทูุจ ุงูุด ูุนูู ุจูุนู
ู ุจูููู |
|
|
|
115 |
|
00:10:08,780 --> 00:10:09,680 |
|
ุงู ุงู cell wall ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
116 |
|
00:10:13,170 --> 00:10:17,730 |
|
ุจุญู
ู ุฏุงุฎู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุชูุง ุงููุฒู
ูุณููุง pressure |
|
|
|
117 |
|
00:10:17,730 --> 00:10:20,330 |
|
relative to the surrounding media ูุนูู ูุฐุง ุงู cell |
|
|
|
118 |
|
00:10:20,330 --> 00:10:25,730 |
|
wall ุจูู
ูุน ุฏุฎูู ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงูุณุงู
ุฉ ูุจูู
ูุน ุฏุฎูู ุงูู
ูุงุฏ |
|
|
|
119 |
|
00:10:25,730 --> 00:10:31,430 |
|
ุงูู
ุฑูุฒุฉ ุงูู
ุฑูุฒุฉ ุงููู ูู ุถุบุท ุงุฒู
ูุฒู ุนุงูู ุจุญูุซ ุงู |
|
|
|
120 |
|
00:10:31,430 --> 00:10:34,470 |
|
ูููู ููู ุชูุงุฒู ู
ุง ุจูู ุฏุงุฎู ุงูุฎููุฉ ูู
ุง ุจูู ุฎุงุฑุฌ |
|
|
|
121 |
|
00:10:34,470 --> 00:10:39,690 |
|
ุงูุฎููุฉ ุทูุจ ุชูุฌู ู
ุถุงุทุน ุญููู ุฒู ุงููุงูุณุงููู ุจูุณูููู |
|
|
|
122 |
|
00:10:39,690 --> 00:10:46,220 |
|
ุงูุจูุณูููู ูุฐุงุจูุฑูุญ ุจูุญุทู
ุฃู ูุฑูุฏ ุงูู cell wall |
|
|
|
123 |
|
00:10:46,220 --> 00:10:50,800 |
|
ููู
ูุน ุชููููู ุชุงูู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจุชู
ูุช ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
124 |
|
00:10:50,800 --> 00:10:54,340 |
|
ุงูู cell ุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
125 |
|
00:10:54,340 --> 00:10:54,780 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
126 |
|
00:10:54,780 --> 00:10:54,920 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
127 |
|
00:10:54,920 --> 00:10:55,160 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
128 |
|
00:10:55,160 --> 00:11:00,660 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
129 |
|
00:11:00,660 --> 00:11:05,260 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
130 |
|
00:11:05,260 --> 00:11:09,030 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุจูููููุณ ููุงุฑุณููุฑูู ุจุณุชุฑูุณูู |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:11:09,030 --> 00:11:13,850 |
|
ุจุงูููู
ุงูุณูู ูู
ู
ุด ู
ู ุฃุณู
ุงุก ูุฐู ูุชูุฑ ูุนูู ูุฐู ุจุชููู |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:11:13,850 --> 00:11:17,670 |
|
ุจูุฐุง ุงูุฏูุฑ ูุนูู ุฎุงุตูุฉ ุจุชุฑูุญ ุนูู ุงู cell wall ู |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:11:17,670 --> 00:11:21,250 |
|
ุจุชุฒูุบู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ุงู pressure |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:11:21,250 --> 00:11:27,450 |
|
ุจุชุงุนูุง ุจุฎุชู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจุชูุชูุฎ ู ุจุชู
ูุช ุทูุจ ูู ู
ุฏุงุฑุณ |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:11:27,450 --> 00:11:32,050 |
|
ุญูููุฉ ุบูุฑูุชุนู
ู Inhibition of cytoplasmic membrane |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:11:32,050 --> 00:11:35,990 |
|
function ุชู
ูุน ูุธููุฉ ุงูู cytoplasmic membrane ุงููู |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:11:35,990 --> 00:11:40,630 |
|
ูู ูุฐุง ูุฐุง ุงููู ุจูุญุงูุธ ุนูู ุงูู cytoplasm ูุนูู |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:11:40,630 --> 00:11:47,750 |
|
ุงูููุงุน ูุนูู ูู
ุง ุชูุฌู ู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุญูููุฉ ุจุชู
ุฒูู ูุจุงูุชุงูู |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:11:47,750 --> 00:11:53,750 |
|
ุจุชุนู
ู Escapeof ions ู
ู ุฏุงุฎู ุงูู cytoplasm ู ุงู |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:11:53,750 --> 00:11:58,950 |
|
macromolecules ุฏุง ูู ุงู ribosomes ุชุทูุน ู
ุฑุฉ ููุฐุง |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:11:58,950 --> 00:12:03,070 |
|
ุจูุนู
ู damage ุงู death damage ูุนูู ุณูู ุงู ู
ูุช ุงููู |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:12:03,070 --> 00:12:09,700 |
|
ูู ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุงุฃูุง ุนูุฏู ู
ุดุงูุฏูู ูุนูู ุญููููู |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:12:09,700 --> 00:12:14,700 |
|
ููู ุงูุนู
ู ุนูู ุงููcytoplasmic membrane ูู ุญุงูุงุช |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:12:14,700 --> 00:12:18,120 |
|
ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุฉ ุงูุญูููุฉ ููุจูุชูุฑูุง ุถุฏ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ูู ู
ุถุงุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:12:18,120 --> 00:12:22,880 |
|
ุญูููุฉ ุงุณู
ูุง polymyxins polymyxin ูู ุฏู ุจูุนู
ู ุนูู |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:12:22,880 --> 00:12:28,040 |
|
ุงููcytoplasmic membrane ูุงูุฌุฑุงู
ููุฌุงุชู ููุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:12:28,040 --> 00:12:33,440 |
|
ุงูู ุจุฏูุจู ูุนูููุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูู
ุฒูู ุงูู lipid bilayer |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:12:33,440 --> 00:12:37,580 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุชูุงูุถ ุฎููุฉ ุชูุงูุถ ุทุจูุงุช ูุฐุง ุงูู cytoplasm |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:12:37,580 --> 00:12:40,740 |
|
ูู ุงูู brain ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุชุทูุน ุงู ribosomes ู |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:12:40,740 --> 00:12:43,840 |
|
ุงูcytoplasm ุจุฑุง ู ุจุชู
ูุช ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ูุฐุง ุงู |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:12:43,840 --> 00:12:46,660 |
|
polymexene ุงูู
ุถุงุฏ ุงูุญููู ูุนู
ู ุนูู ุงู gram negative |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:12:46,660 --> 00:12:51,660 |
|
ุจูุชูุฑูุง ุจูุฐุงุจุทู ุฅูู ูู ุงูcytoplasm ูู ุงู brain ุงู |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:12:51,660 --> 00:12:56,440 |
|
polyelene ูุฃ ูุฐุง ุจูุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงููุทุฑูุฉ ู
ุถุงุฏ ูุทุฑู ููุฐุง |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:12:56,440 --> 00:13:01,600 |
|
ุจูุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงูcytoplasmุจุชุงุน ุงููุชุฑ ุงูููุฌุณ ู
ุงุดู ุจุชุงุน |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:13:01,600 --> 00:13:06,680 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงุณุชูุฑุชุจููุงุฒ ูู ุงู brain ุจุชุงุน ุงูููุฌุณ ุนุฎุฑ |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:13:06,680 --> 00:13:13,200 |
|
ุดููุฉ ููู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ุงุณู
ู ุงุณุชูุฑูู ูุจุฏูุจูุง ูุจูููู |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:16,660 |
|
ุงูุจูููู
ููุฒูู ูุนู
ู ุนูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุจุณ ูุงูุจููู ุฅูููู |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:13:16,660 --> 00:13:20,700 |
|
ูุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงูููุฌุณ ุนูู ุงููุชุฑ ุจุณ ุทุจ ูู ุฃุนุทููุง |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:13:20,700 --> 00:13:24,170 |
|
ุงูุจูููู
ููุฒูู ูููุชุฑ ู
ุด ุชุดุชุบูุดููู ุงุนุทููุง ุงูุจููู |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:13:24,170 --> 00:13:27,930 |
|
ุฅูููู ุนูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ู
ุด ุชุฏู
ุด ุนุดุงู ููู ุจููููุง ูุฐู |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:13:27,930 --> 00:13:32,630 |
|
ุงุณู
ูุง selective toxicity selective toxicity ูุนูู |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:13:32,630 --> 00:13:40,490 |
|
ูุนูู ูุฐู ุซู
ูุฉ ุงุฎุชูุงุฑูุฉ ูุนูู ู
ุง ุจูู ู
ุถุงุฏ ููุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:13:40,490 --> 00:13:45,910 |
|
ูู
ุถุงุฏ ูููุทุฑูุฉ ู
ุถุงุฏ ูููุทุฑูุฉ ุงูููุน ุงูุชุงูุช ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:13:45,910 --> 00:13:51,460 |
|
antibiotics ูุดุชุบู ุนูู hyposomesูุนูู ุงูุง ููุณู ูููู
|
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:13:51,460 --> 00:13:58,560 |
|
ุงู ุฑุฌููู
ุฏุงุฎู ุงู set of plasma ุญุจู ูููู ูุญุฏุงุช ู
ู |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:13:58,560 --> 00:14:04,180 |
|
ุงู amino acids ุงู amino acids ุงูุฃุญู
ุงุถ ุงูุฃู
ูููุฉ |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:14:04,180 --> 00:14:13,220 |
|
ูุนูู ูููู ู
ุซูุง ู
ู ูุงุญุฏ ูู
ูุฉ ู
ู ูุงุญุฏ ูู
ูุฉ ูู ุซุจุช ุงู |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:14:13,220 --> 00:14:20,960 |
|
ุจุนุถ ู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุญูููุฉ ุจูุดุชุบู ุนูู ูู
ุฑุฉ ุชูุงุชููููู ุจูุดุชุบู |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:14:20,960 --> 00:14:25,680 |
|
ุนู ุงูู
ุฑุฉ ุฎู
ุณูู ุงูุด ููุดุชุบู ุนู ุงูู
ุฑุฉ ุชูุงุชูู ูุนูู |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:14:25,680 --> 00:14:32,000 |
|
ุจูุฌู ููุง ุจููุณุฑ ุงูุญููุฉ ุชูุงุชูู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูุตูุฑ ุงูุญุจู |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:40,300 |
|
ูุฃู
ูู ูุฃุณุฏุงููู ู
ูููุฉ ุงู ribosomes ู
ุชูุทุน ู
ุด ู
ุชุตู ู |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:14:40,300 --> 00:14:47,700 |
|
ุฅุฌุง ูู ุงู 50 ุถุฑุจ ุงู ู ุงู 6 ุถุฑุจ ุงู 50 ุจูุตูุฑ ุงููู |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:14:47,700 --> 00:14:49,260 |
|
ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:14:49,260 --> 00:14:49,440 |
|
ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:14:49,440 --> 00:14:49,520 |
|
ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:14:49,520 --> 00:14:49,860 |
|
ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:14:49,860 --> 00:14:51,120 |
|
ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:14:51,120 --> 00:14:51,600 |
|
ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:14:51,600 --> 00:14:52,080 |
|
ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู ุงููู |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:59,140 |
|
ุงููู ุงููู |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:14:59,140 --> 00:15:01,830 |
|
ุงูููุงูู
ุฌู
ูุนุงุช ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุฉ ุงูุญูููุฉ ุงููุจูุฑุฉ ุงู amino |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:15:01,830 --> 00:15:10,770 |
|
glycosides ู
ููุง ุฏููุชุงู
ูุณูู ูู
ููุง ุชุจุฑุงู
ูุณูู ูุฐููุง |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:15:10,770 --> 00:15:15,450 |
|
ุงูุชุงููู ุงุณู
ูู
amino glycosides ูุฐููุง ุจูุดุชุบููุง ุนูู |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:15:15,450 --> 00:15:22,230 |
|
ุญููุฉ ุชูุงุชูู S sub unit ูุนูู ูุฐู ุชูุงุชูู S ูุจุงูุชุงูู |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:15:22,230 --> 00:15:26,870 |
|
ุจูุทูุน ุงู ribosome ุงููู ุจูุตูุน ุงูุจุฑูุชููุงุช ุชุทูุน |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:15:26,870 --> 00:15:33,450 |
|
abnormalNon-functional proteins ูุนูู ุจุฑูุชูู ุบูุฑ |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:15:33,450 --> 00:15:40,870 |
|
ุทุจูุนู ููุง ูุนู
ู ุจุทุฑููุฉ ุทุจูุนูุฉ ุทุจุนุง ูุฐุง ุงูุจุฑูุชูู |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:15:40,870 --> 00:15:48,320 |
|
ูุคุฏู ูู
ูุช ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉูููุณ ููู ุงูู
ุถุงุทุน ุงูุญูููุฉ |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:15:48,320 --> 00:15:52,160 |
|
ูุฐู ู
ุนุฑููุฉ amygdala glycoside ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู
ุชูุงุทูุง ุนู |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:15:52,160 --> 00:15:56,340 |
|
ุทุฑูู ุงูุญูู ุงูุนุถูู ูุงูุญูู ุงููู ูู ุงููุฑูุฏู ุงูุญูู |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:15:56,340 --> 00:16:00,720 |
|
ุงูุนุถูู ูุงูุญูู ุงููุฑูุฏู ููู ุถุฏ ุฌุฑุงู
negative ุจูุชูุฑูุง |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:16:00,720 --> 00:16:05,640 |
|
ุถุฏ ุฌุฑุงู
negative ุจูุชูุฑูุง ูุนูู ููู
ุง ุงูุง ุงุนุทู ุงู |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:16:05,640 --> 00:16:09,940 |
|
amygdala glycoside ูู ุงููุฑูุฏ ุงู ูู ุงูุนุถู ููููู |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:16:09,940 --> 00:16:15,720 |
|
ุงูุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุงุตุงุจุฉ ุจูุชูุฑูุง ุจุฌุฑุงู
negativeูุงูุง ุจูุชู ุงู |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:16:15,720 --> 00:16:21,620 |
|
ribosomes ูู ุงูุญููุฉ ุงูุชุงูููู ุทูุจ ูู ู
ุถุงุฏ ุญูู ุงุณู
ู |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:16:21,620 --> 00:16:26,760 |
|
tetracycline ุงููู ุชุฌุงูุฒุง ุงุณู
ู ุชุฑู
ูุณูู ุจุฑุถู ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:16:26,760 --> 00:16:30,600 |
|
ุจูุนู
ู ุนูู ุงูุญููุฉ ุงูุชุงูููู S ู ุจุฑุถู ุจูุทูุน ุจุฑูุชูู |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:16:30,600 --> 00:16:35,260 |
|
ุฒุงุฆู ู ุจููุฏู ุงูู ุชุฎุณุฑ ุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุจููุชู gram |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:16:35,260 --> 00:16:39,420 |
|
negative ุจูุชูุฑูุง ุฒู ุงูููููุฑุฉ ุงูููููุฑุฉ gram |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:16:39,420 --> 00:16:43,600 |
|
negative ูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูุฌููุฑูุฉ ุงููู ููุงุฎุฏ ุจุนุฏ ููู ูู |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:16:43,600 --> 00:16:48,200 |
|
gram negativeูุจูู ูุงู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ of aminoglycosides ู |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:16:48,200 --> 00:16:52,520 |
|
ุงูู tetracyclines ุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงูุฑูุฌูุฒูู
ุงููู ุฏุงุฎู |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:16:52,520 --> 00:16:58,640 |
|
ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ููุง ู ุงููู ู
ููู ู
ู ุญููุงุช ู
ู |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:16:58,640 --> 00:17:05,200 |
|
ุงูุฃุญู
ุงุถ ุงูุฃู
ูููุฉ ุงุณู
ูุง amino acids ุทูุจ ูุงู ู
ุซุงู |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:17:05,200 --> 00:17:11,380 |
|
ูุฃุญู
ุงุถ ุงูุฃู
ูููุฉ ู ููู ุงู ููุง ุงู amino glycosides |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:17:11,380 --> 00:17:17,790 |
|
ุงุดุชุบูุช ุนูู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุชูุงุชููุงูุญููุฉ ุชูุงุชูู ููุง ุญุทู
ุช ูู |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:17:17,790 --> 00:17:21,670 |
|
ุญูู ุงู ุงููุฑุงูููููุฑู
ููููููู ุงุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงูุญููุฉ ุฎู
ุณูู |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:17:21,670 --> 00:17:29,510 |
|
ุฎู
ุณูู S ุญุทู
ูุง ูุทูุน ุจุนุฏ ุฐูู ุจุฑูุชูู ุฒุงุฆู ู
ู ุงูุฎููุฉ |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:17:29,510 --> 00:17:33,890 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ูู
ุงุชุช ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ูุจูู ุงููููุฑูู
|
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:17:33,890 --> 00:17:39,860 |
|
ููููููู ุงุฎุชูู ู
ู ุงุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงูุฎู
ุณูู S sub unitูุนูู |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:17:39,860 --> 00:17:42,740 |
|
ุงูุญู
ุถ ุงูุฃู
ููู ูู
ุฑู 50 ุงูุญููุฉ ูุงุนุฏุฉ ููุณุฑูุง |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:17:42,740 --> 00:17:45,920 |
|
ูุงูุฑูุจูุฒูู
ุฒ |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:17:45,920 --> 00:17:51,280 |
|
ูุทูุน ุจุฑูุชููุงุช ุฒุงุฆูุฉ ููุฐุง ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู ุนูุงุฌ ุฃู
ุฉ |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:17:51,280 --> 00:17:55,980 |
|
ุงููtyphoid ุจุงุณููุงู ููุฐุง ุฌุฑุงู
ููุฌุงุชูู ุฌุฑุงู
ููุฌุงุชูู |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:17:55,980 --> 00:18:01,220 |
|
ุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ูุจูู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงูุญูููุฉ ุงููู ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:18:01,220 --> 00:18:05,020 |
|
ุงูุฑูุจูุฒูู
ุฒ ุงูู
ููู ู
ู ุฃุญู
ุงุฑ ุฃู
ูููุฉ ุฃุดู ู
ููุง ุจูุดุชุบู |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:18:05,020 --> 00:18:09,610 |
|
ูู ุงูุญููุฉ 30 ู ุฃุดู ู
ููุง ูู ุงูุญููุฉ 50ุฃุฎุฑ ู
ููุงููุฒู
|
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:18:09,610 --> 00:18:14,510 |
|
ุฃู ุขููุฉ ููุนู
ู ุงูุจูุชูุฑู ุนูู ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุฉ ุงูุญูููุฉ ุงูุนู
ู |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:18:14,510 --> 00:18:21,930 |
|
ุนูู ุงูููุงุฉ DNA ูRNA DNA ุจููุฒูุฑูุจููููููู |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:18:21,930 --> 00:18:28,000 |
|
ุฃุณุฏ ูุฑูุจู ูููููู ุฃุณุฏูุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงูุญูููุฉ ุฒู ุงู |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:18:28,000 --> 00:18:33,460 |
|
rampantin ู ุฒู ุงู cellophane emis ููุน ู
ู ุงูุณููุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:18:33,460 --> 00:18:38,240 |
|
trimetoprim ูุงูู
ุชุฑูู ุฏูุงุฒูู ุจูู
ุด ุงูุฃุณู
ุงุก ูุฐู ุงูุขู |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:18:38,240 --> 00:18:42,820 |
|
ู
ุฑูุฒ ุนูููุง ูุซูุฑ ุงูู
ูู
ุจุณ ูุนุฑููุง ุงูู ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ููุจ |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:18:42,820 --> 00:18:48,100 |
|
ุงูููุงุฑ ุนูู ููุจ ุงูููุงุฑ ุญูููุฉ ุงู ูุฐุง ุงูุดูู ุงูุฌุณ ูุงู |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:18:48,100 --> 00:18:52,180 |
|
ู
ุซูุง ุงูุง ุฌุจุชูููุง ุจุฏุงูุฉ ู
ู ูุงุญุฏ ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:18:52,180 --> 00:18:55,520 |
|
ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงูุญูููุฉ ูููุง ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงู cell wall ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:18:55,520 --> 00:19:01,700 |
|
ุงุจุชุณ cell wallููุฐุง ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู ุญูู ุงู ุงูู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:19:01,700 --> 00:19:05,720 |
|
ุงูุชุงููุฉ ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู cytoplasmic membrane ูุงุฒุฑู ููุง |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:19:05,720 --> 00:19:09,340 |
|
cytoplasmic membrane ุจุชุฒูุจ ุงูู cytoplasmic |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:19:09,340 --> 00:19:12,360 |
|
membrane ูุงููุฏ ุงูุญุงุฌุงุช ูููุง ุจุชุทูุน ุจุฑุง ู ุจุชู
ูุช |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:19:12,360 --> 00:19:17,720 |
|
ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉ ุงูุดูุก ุงูุซุงูุซ ุงููู ูู ุงูู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ูุฐู |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:19:17,720 --> 00:19:24,220 |
|
ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงู ribosomes ูุฐู ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุชูุงุชูู sub |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:19:24,220 --> 00:19:31,140 |
|
unit ุงููู ูู ูุฐูุชูุงุชูู ุณุจ ููููุช ุงูุฒุฑูุงุก ูุฐู ุชูุงุชูู |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:19:31,140 --> 00:19:35,500 |
|
ูู ุญูู ุงู ูู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุฎู
ุณูู ุณุจ ููููุช ุงููู |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:19:35,500 --> 00:19:42,020 |
|
ูู ูุฐู ููุฐู ุฎู
ุณูู ุณุจ ููููุช ุงู ribosomes ูุงู ุฃุณู
ูู
|
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:19:42,020 --> 00:19:51,060 |
|
ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ุงูุฎุงู
ุณุฉ ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงู ุงู RNA |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:19:53,260 --> 00:19:57,260 |
|
ุงูู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ูุฐู ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู ุงู DNA ุฏู ุงูุฒูู ุฑุงูุจูู |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:19:57,260 --> 00:20:03,820 |
|
ูููููู ุฃุณุฏ ูุงูุฏูุณู ุฃุณุฏ ู ููุจููุณูู ููู ุงููุง ุจุชุดุชุบู |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:20:03,820 --> 00:20:12,160 |
|
ุนูู ุงู RNA RNA ุฒู ุฑุงู
ููุจูู ู ุฒู ุฃูุชูููู
ูุณูู ุชุดุชุบู |
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|
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240 |
|
00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:16,960 |
|
ุนูู ุงู RNA ุจุชุญุทู
ุงูุญู
ุถ ุงููููู ุฑุงูุจูู ูููููู ุฃุณุฏ |
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|
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241 |
|
00:20:16,960 --> 00:20:21,220 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจุชู
ูุช ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉูุฐู ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ููู |
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|
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242 |
|
00:20:21,220 --> 00:20:28,680 |
|
ุชุนู
ู ุงูู
ุถุงุฏุฉ ุงูุญูููุฉ ุนูู ุงููู ูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุฃู ุฎููุฉ |
|
|
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243 |
|
00:20:28,680 --> 00:20:32,300 |
|
ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ูู ุฌุณู
ุงูุฅูุณุงู ุงูุขู ุจุณ ูุชููู
ูู ุขุฎุฑ |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:20:32,300 --> 00:20:39,140 |
|
slide ูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุชุณุชุณูู
ูุนูู ููู
ุถุงุฏุฉ ุงูุญููู ููุง |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:20:39,140 --> 00:20:45,220 |
|
ููุง ูุนูู ุดุบู ู
ูุงูู
ุฉ ุจููู ูุฃ ููุง ู
ูุงูู
ุฉ ู
ุน ุฅููุง |
|
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|
246 |
|
00:20:45,220 --> 00:20:52,840 |
|
ูุนูู ุจูุงูู resistanceto antimicrobial agents ูุนูู |
|
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247 |
|
00:20:52,840 --> 00:20:57,480 |
|
distance from ุจูุชูุฑูุง ู
ูุงู
ูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ููู
ุถุงุฏุงุช |
|
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|
248 |
|
00:20:57,480 --> 00:21:02,500 |
|
ุงูุญูููุฉ ูุฌุฏูุง ุงู ูุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงู pathogenic |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:21:02,500 --> 00:21:07,740 |
|
ุฃู ุงูู
ุณุจุจ ุจุงูุงู
ุฑุงุถ pathogenic ุงูู
ุณุจุจ ุจุงูุงู
ุฑุงุถ ุฒุงุฏุช |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:21:07,740 --> 00:21:11,500 |
|
ูู ุงูุณููุงุช ุงูุฃุฎูุฑุฉ ูุฒูุงุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:21:12,290 --> 00:21:18,110 |
|
ุฃุฏุช ุฅูู ุชุตุฏูู ููุจูุณุงููู ูู ุงูุฃูู ูุจุนุฏูู ุบูุฑ |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:21:18,110 --> 00:21:21,230 |
|
ุงูุจูุณุงููู ูุนูู ุงุฐุง ุงูุจูุณุงููู ุชุนุทูู ููุทูู ูุฃูู |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:21:21,230 --> 00:21:24,710 |
|
ู
ุงุจุชุนุทูู ููุฐูู ูุนูู ูุซูุฑ ู
ู ุถุฏุงุช ุงูุญูููุฉ ุงููู ุจุนุฏ |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:21:24,710 --> 00:21:29,510 |
|
ุงูุจูุณุงููู ุทูุนุช ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุงูู
ุฑุถูุฉ ุงูุฒูู
ุงุณู
ู |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:21:29,510 --> 00:21:34,530 |
|
Penicillinase enzyme Penicillinase enzyme ูุฐุง ุจููู |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:21:34,530 --> 00:21:42,790 |
|
ุงูุจูุณุงููู ูุจูุฎููู ููุฒุฏุซ ูุนูู ูุง ูุงุฆุฏุฉ ู
ูููุญุชู ูู |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:21:42,790 --> 00:21:46,310 |
|
Chloramphenicol ุทูุนุช ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ุดู ุงุณู
ู Acetylase |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:21:46,310 --> 00:21:51,470 |
|
ุฃุฒ ูุนูู ุฃูุฒูู
ุงูุฒุงูู
ูุตุงุฑ ูุฐุง useless ูุนูู ุนุงููู
|
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:21:51,470 --> 00:21:56,050 |
|
ู
ูุงุฆูุฉูุจูู ุนู ุทุฑูู ุฅูุฑุงุฒุงุช ุฅูุฒูู
ูุฉ ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจุงูู
ุถุงุฏุงุช |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:21:56,050 --> 00:21:59,430 |
|
ุงูุญูููุฉ ุฃูู ู
ุถุงุฏ ุญููู ู
ุง ูุตู ุฅูู ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุฉ |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:21:59,430 --> 00:22:04,650 |
|
ุจุชุฑูุญ ูู ุชูุฑุฒ ุฅูุฒูู
ู
ุนูู ูุญูู ุงูู
ุถุงุฏ ุงูุญููู ููุฌุนูู |
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:22:04,650 --> 00:22:08,650 |
|
ูุง ูุงูุฏุฉ ู
ูู ููุง ุถุฑุฑ ู
ูู ุนูู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ููู ููุน |
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:22:08,650 --> 00:22:12,070 |
|
ุงุณู
ู cross resistance cross resistance ุจููู ูุนูู |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:22:12,070 --> 00:22:17,690 |
|
ุจูุบุช ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ู
ู ุงูุฐูุงุก ุจุญูุซ ุฅูู ูู ุฅุฐุง ูุนูู ุนู
ูุช |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:22:17,690 --> 00:22:22,390 |
|
ู
ูุงูู
ุฉ ู antibiotic ูุฅูู |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:22:23,010 --> 00:22:28,030 |
|
ุชู
ุชุฏ ูุฐู ุงูู
ูุงูู
ุฉ ุฅูู ุฃู antibiotic ู
ุดุงุจูู ูู |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:22:28,030 --> 00:22:32,430 |
|
ุงูุชุฑููุจ ุงูููู
ูุงุฆู ู
ุดุงุจูู ูู ุงููุตูู ูุนูู ุงุจู ุนู
ู |
|
|
|
268 |
|
00:22:32,430 --> 00:22:38,970 |
|
ู
ุซูุง ุงููููููุณ ูุฑูุจ ู
ู ุงูุจูุณุงููู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุนุงู
ู |
|
|
|
269 |
|
00:22:38,970 --> 00:22:44,810 |
|
ููุจูุณุงููู ู
ูุงูู
ุฉ ุจุตูุฑ ูุนู
ู ููููููุณ ูู
ุงู ูุนูู ู
ุด ุจุณ |
|
|
|
270 |
|
00:22:44,810 --> 00:22:49,730 |
|
ูู ุงุจู ุนู
ู ูู
ุงู ูุจุตุงู ุจูุชูุฑูุงto antibiotic which |
|
|
|
271 |
|
00:22:49,730 --> 00:22:55,570 |
|
they have not been exposed ูุณู ู
ุงูุตููุด ุงูู ูุณุชุฎุฏู
|
|
|
|
272 |
|
00:22:55,570 --> 00:23:00,290 |
|
it is usually found among antibiotics which are |
|
|
|
273 |
|
00:23:00,290 --> 00:23:03,770 |
|
closely related chemically to tetracycline and |
|
|
|
274 |
|
00:23:03,770 --> 00:23:08,790 |
|
erythromycin ู
ุซูุง ูุนูู ูุฐุง ู ูุฐุง ุจูููู
ุนูุงูุฉ |
|
|
|
275 |
|
00:23:09,490 --> 00:23:15,330 |
|
ุงูููู
ูุงุฆูุฉ ูู ุงูุชุดูุช ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง ู
ูุงูู
ุฉ ููุฐุง ููู ุจุนุฏ |
|
|
|
276 |
|
00:23:15,330 --> 00:23:20,770 |
|
ูุชุฑุฉ ุณูุฉ ุงู ุงูุชุฑ ุนุทููุง ุงูุชุงูู ู
ู
ูู ุชูุณุฑู ูุฃูู ูู |
|
|
|
277 |
|
00:23:20,770 --> 00:23:28,570 |
|
ุนูุงูุฉ ููู
ูุงุฆูุฉ ููู ุทุจุนุง ูุนูู ุงูุง ููุง ูุนูู ูุชููู |
|
|
|
278 |
|
00:23:28,570 --> 00:23:35,410 |
|
ุนูุฏ ูุฐุง ุงู slide ุจุฅุฐู ุงููู ูุนูู ุนูู ุงู ููู
ู |
|
|
|
279 |
|
00:23:38,480 --> 00:23:43,620 |
|
ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุงุช ูุฐู ุงู ุดุงุก ุงููู ุณูุณูุฉ ููู ุงูุง ุงูุงู ูุนูู |
|
|
|
280 |
|
00:23:43,620 --> 00:23:51,320 |
|
ุจุจุญุซ ุนูู ุงูู
ูุนุฏ ุจุชุงุน ุงู quiz ุงููู ุงุชููู
ุชููุง ุนูู ู |
|
|
|
281 |
|
00:23:51,320 --> 00:23:54,480 |
|
ุงู ุดุงุก ุงููู ูู ุจููู ุฌุฑูุจ ุงูุง ุจุญุฏุฏ ุงูุฎู
ูุณ ุงุฐุง ูุงู |
|
|
|
282 |
|
00:23:54,480 --> 00:23:58,100 |
|
ุณูุฑ ุฑุจูุง ุงูุง ูุจู ุงูุฎู
ูุณ ุจุถุจุท ุจููููุง ู ุจุฃูุฏ ุนูููู
ู |
|
|
|
283 |
|
00:23:58,100 --> 00:24:00,040 |
|
ุฅูู ุงูููุงุก ู ุงูุณูุงู
ุนูููู
ู ุฑุญู
ุฉ ุงููู |
|
|
|
|