Issue: [Audio] Soundfile/libsndfile requirements too stringent for decoding mp3 files
State: closed
Author: sanchit-gandhi

### Describe the bug

I'm encountering several issues trying to load mp3 audio files using `datasets` on a TPU v4. 

The PR https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/pull/5573 updated the audio loading logic to rely solely on the `soundfile`/`libsndfile` libraries for loading audio samples, regardless of their file type. 

The installation guide suggests that `libsndfile` is bundled in when `soundfile` is pip installed:
https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/e1af108015e43f9df8734a1faeeaeb9eafce3971/docs/source/installation.md?plain=1#L70-L71

However, just pip installing `soundfile==0.12.1` throws an error that `libsndfile` is missing:

```
pip install soundfile==0.12.1
```

Then:
```python
>>> soundfile
>>> soundfile.__libsndfile_version__
```

<details>

<summary> Traceback (most recent call last): </summary>

```
  File "/home/sanchitgandhi/hf/lib/python3.8/site-packages/soundfile.py", line 161, in <module>
    import _soundfile_data  # ImportError if this doesn't exist
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_soundfile_data'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/sanchitgandhi/hf/lib/python3.8/site-packages/soundfile.py", line 170, in <module>
    raise OSError('sndfile library not found using ctypes.util.find_library')
OSError: sndfile library not found using ctypes.util.find_library

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/sanchitgandhi/hf/lib/python3.8/site-packages/soundfile.py", line 192, in <module>
    _snd = _ffi.dlopen(_explicit_libname)
OSError: cannot load library 'libsndfile.so': libsndfile.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
```
</details>

Thus, I've followed the official instructions for installing the `soundfile` package from https://github.com/bastibe/python-soundfile#installation, which states that `libsndfile` needs to be installed separately as:
```
pip install --upgrade soundfile
sudo apt install libsndfile1
```

We can now import `soundfile`:
```python
>>> import soundfile
>>> soundfile.__version__
'0.12.1'
>>> soundfile.__libsndfile_version__
'1.0.28'
```

We see that we have `soundfile==0.12.1`, which matches the `datasets[audio]` package constraints:
https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/e1af108015e43f9df8734a1faeeaeb9eafce3971/setup.py#L144-L147

But we have `libsndfile==1.0.28`, which is too low for decoding mp3 files:
https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/e1af108015e43f9df8734a1faeeaeb9eafce3971/src/datasets/config.py#L136-L138

Updating/upgrading the `libsndfile` doesn't change this:
```
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
```

Is there any other suggestion for how to get a compatible `libsndfile` version? Currently, the version bundled with Ubuntu `apt-get` is too low for decoding mp3 files.

Maybe we could add this under `setup.py` such that we install the correct `libsndfile` version when we do `pip install datasets[audio]`? IMO this would help circumvent such version issues.

### Steps to reproduce the bug

Environment described above. Loading mp3 files:

```python
from datasets import load_dataset

common_voice_es = load_dataset("common_voice", "es", split="validation", streaming=True)
print(next(iter(common_voice_es)))
```

```python
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
RuntimeError                              Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[4], line 2
      1 common_voice_es = load_dataset("common_voice", "es", split="validation", streaming=True)
----> 2 print(next(iter(common_voice_es)))

File ~/datasets/src/datasets/iterable_dataset.py:941, in IterableDataset.__iter__(self)
    937 for key, example in ex_iterable:
    938     if self.features:
    939         # `IterableDataset` automatically fills missing columns with None.
    940         # This is done with `_apply_feature_types_on_example`.
--> 941         yield _apply_feature_types_on_example(
    942             example, self.features, token_per_repo_id=self._token_per_repo_id
    943         )
    944     else:
    945         yield example

File ~/datasets/src/datasets/iterable_dataset.py:700, in _apply_feature_types_on_example(example, features, token_per_repo_id)
    698 encoded_example = features.encode_example(example)
    699 # Decode example for Audio feature, e.g.
--> 700 decoded_example = features.decode_example(encoded_example, token_per_repo_id=token_per_repo_id)
    701 return decoded_example

File ~/datasets/src/datasets/features/features.py:1864, in Features.decode_example(self, example, token_per_repo_id)
   1850 def decode_example(self, example: dict, token_per_repo_id: Optional[Dict[str, Union[str, bool, None]]] = None):
   1851     """Decode example with custom feature decoding.
   1852 
   1853     Args:
   (...)
   1861         `dict[str, Any]`
   1862     """
-> 1864     return {
   1865         column_name: decode_nested_example(feature, value, token_per_repo_id=token_per_repo_id)
   1866         if self._column_requires_decoding[column_name]
   1867         else value
   1868         for column_name, (feature, value) in zip_dict(
   1869             {key: value for key, value in self.items() if key in example}, example
   1870         )
   1871     }

File ~/datasets/src/datasets/features/features.py:1865, in <dictcomp>(.0)
   1850 def decode_example(self, example: dict, token_per_repo_id: Optional[Dict[str, Union[str, bool, None]]] = None):
   1851     """Decode example with custom feature decoding.
   1852 
   1853     Args:
   (...)
   1861         `dict[str, Any]`
   1862     """
   1864     return {
-> 1865         column_name: decode_nested_example(feature, value, token_per_repo_id=token_per_repo_id)
   1866         if self._column_requires_decoding[column_name]
   1867         else value
   1868         for column_name, (feature, value) in zip_dict(
   1869             {key: value for key, value in self.items() if key in example}, example
   1870         )
   1871     }

File ~/datasets/src/datasets/features/features.py:1308, in decode_nested_example(schema, obj, token_per_repo_id)
   1305 elif isinstance(schema, (Audio, Image)):
   1306     # we pass the token to read and decode files from private repositories in streaming mode
   1307     if obj is not None and schema.decode:
-> 1308         return schema.decode_example(obj, token_per_repo_id=token_per_repo_id)
   1309 return obj

File ~/datasets/src/datasets/features/audio.py:167, in Audio.decode_example(self, value, token_per_repo_id)
    162     raise RuntimeError(
    163         "Decoding 'opus' files requires system library 'libsndfile'>=1.0.31, "
    164         'You can try to update `soundfile` python library: `pip install "soundfile>=0.12.1"`. '
    165     )
    166 elif not config.IS_MP3_SUPPORTED and audio_format == "mp3":
--> 167     raise RuntimeError(
    168         "Decoding 'mp3' files requires system library 'libsndfile'>=1.1.0, "
    169         'You can try to update `soundfile` python library: `pip install "soundfile>=0.12.1"`. '
    170     )
    172 if file is None:
    173     token_per_repo_id = token_per_repo_id or {}

RuntimeError: Decoding 'mp3' files requires system library 'libsndfile'>=1.1.0, You can try to update `soundfile` python library: `pip install "soundfile>=0.12.1"`.
```

### Expected behavior

Load mp3 files!

### Environment info

- `datasets` version: 2.10.2.dev0
- Platform: Linux-5.13.0-1023-gcp-x86_64-with-glibc2.29
- Python version: 3.8.10
- Huggingface_hub version: 0.13.1
- PyArrow version: 11.0.0
- Pandas version: 1.5.3
- Soundfile version: 0.12.1
- Libsndfile version: 1.0.28

Comments:
cc @polinaeterna @lhoestq 

@sanchit-gandhi can you please also post the logs of `pip install soundfile==0.12.1`? To check what wheel is being installed or if it's being built from source (I think it's the latter case). 
Required `libsndfile` binary **should** be bundeled with `soundfile` wheel but I assume it **might not** be the case for some non standard Linux distributions. 
The only solution for using `soundfile` here is to build [`libsndfile`](https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile) from source:

```bash
git clone https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile.git
cd libsndfile/
autoreconf -vif
./configure --enable-werror 
make
make install
```
for this, some building libraries should be installed, for Debian/Ubuntu it's like:
```bash
apt install autoconf autogen automake build-essential libasound2-dev \
  libflac-dev libogg-dev libtool libvorbis-dev libopus-dev libmp3lame-dev \
  libmpg123-dev pkg-config python
```
but for other Linux distributions it might be different.

When the binary is compiled, it should be put into location where `soundfile` would search for it (the directory is named `_soundfile_data`), it depends on where`libsdfile` (from the previous step) and  `soundfile` were installed, might be something like this:

```bash
cp /usr/local/lib/libsndfile.so /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
cp /usr/local/lib/libsndfile.la /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
```

Another solution is to not use `soundfile` and apply custom processing function with `torchaudio` while setting `decode=False` in `Audio` feature and passing custom function to `.map`. 

Not sure if it may help, but you could also try updating `pip` before installing soundfile

@lhoestq @sanchit-gandhi. I encountered the same error (also on the TPU v4) when trying to run `datasets` from source.

Downgrading soundfile with `pip install soundfile==0.12.0` seems to fix the issue for me.

Maybe let's open an issue at https://github.com/bastibe/python-soundfile/issues in case they might know why you get `OSError: cannot load library 'libsndfile.so'` ?

> @sanchit-gandhi can you please also post the logs of `pip install soundfile==0.12.1`? To check what wheel is being installed or if it's being built from source (I think it's the latter case). Required `libsndfile` binary **should** be bundeled with `soundfile` wheel but I assume it **might not** be the case for some non standard Linux distributions. The only solution for using `soundfile` here is to build [`libsndfile`](https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile) from source:
> 
> ```shell
> git clone https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile.git
> cd libsndfile/
> autoreconf -vif
> ./configure --enable-werror 
> make
> make install
> ```

This fixed the issue for me. After installing libsndfile as described above, I had to uninstall soundfile and re-install it with this command. `pip install "soundfile>=0.12.1"`

Thank you so much for the comprehensive instructions @polinaeterna! Also confirming that they worked for me 🤗 In my case, I had to run several of these commands under "sudo" for privileges, but otherwise this workaround gave a successful `libsndfile` install:

1. Grab source code:
```
git clone https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile.git
```

2. Set up a build environment:
```
sudo apt install autoconf autogen automake build-essential libasound2-dev \
  libflac-dev libogg-dev libtool libvorbis-dev libopus-dev libmp3lame-dev \
  libmpg123-dev pkg-config python
```

3. Build and test `libsndfile`:

```
autoreconf -vif
./configure --enable-werror
sudo make
sudo make check
```

4. Create `_soundfile_data` submodule (if it does not exist already):
```
sudo mkdir /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
```

5. Copy `libsndfile` files into submodule:
```
sudo cp /usr/local/lib/libsndfile.* /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
```

On a different machine, I also tried separately by first upgrading pip, then installing soundfile. This worked too! Thanks @lhoestq 🙌

> @sanchit-gandhi can you please also post the logs of `pip install soundfile==0.12.1`? To check what wheel is being installed or if it's being built from source (I think it's the latter case). Required `libsndfile` binary **should** be bundeled with `soundfile` wheel but I assume it **might not** be the case for some non standard Linux distributions. The only solution for using `soundfile` here is to build [`libsndfile`](https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile) from source:
> 
> ```shell
> git clone https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile.git
> cd libsndfile/
> autoreconf -vif
> ./configure --enable-werror 
> make
> make install
> ```
> 
> for this, some building libraries should be installed, for Debian/Ubuntu it's like:
> 
> ```shell
> apt install autoconf autogen automake build-essential libasound2-dev \
>   libflac-dev libogg-dev libtool libvorbis-dev libopus-dev libmp3lame-dev \
>   libmpg123-dev pkg-config python
> ```
> 
> but for other Linux distributions it might be different.
> 
> When the binary is compiled, it should be put into location where `soundfile` would search for it (the directory is named `_soundfile_data`), it depends on where`libsdfile` (from the previous step) and `soundfile` were installed, might be something like this:
> 
> ```shell
> cp /usr/local/lib/libsndfile.so /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
> cp /usr/local/lib/libsndfile.la /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
> ```
> 
> Another solution is to not use `soundfile` and apply custom processing function with `torchaudio` while setting `decode=False` in `Audio` feature and passing custom function to `.map`.

Thanks, the solution solved my problem. 

1. Purge uninstall libsndfile, uninstall python-soundfile.
2. Build libsndfile from source code and install.
3. Build python-soundfile from source code and install
4. Well done.

> Thank you so much for the comprehensive instructions @polinaeterna! Also confirming that they worked for me 🤗 In my case, I had to run several of these commands under "sudo" for privileges, but otherwise this workaround gave a successful `libsndfile` install:
> 
> 1. Grab source code:
> 
> ```
> git clone https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile.git
> ```
> 
> 2. Set up a build environment:
> 
> ```
> sudo apt install autoconf autogen automake build-essential libasound2-dev \
>   libflac-dev libogg-dev libtool libvorbis-dev libopus-dev libmp3lame-dev \
>   libmpg123-dev pkg-config python
> ```
> 
> 3. Build and test `libsndfile`:
> 
> ```
> autoreconf -vif
> ./configure --enable-werror
> sudo make
> sudo make check
> ```
> 
> 4. Create `_soundfile_data` submodule (if it does not exist already):
> 
> ```
> sudo mkdir /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
> ```
> 
> 5. Copy `libsndfile` files into submodule:
> 
> ```
> sudo cp /usr/local/lib/libsndfile.* /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
> ```

I had to run 'make install' or the `/usr/local/lib/libsndfile.*` files didn't exist.

It's working though!

I had the same issue but it is working now! Thanks for all of your comments!

I had the same issue on SageMaker but not on Colab;
The `soundfile` versioning was fine.

 my approach to solve it was to match {"numpy", "numba"} exact versions

```
! pip install "numpy==1.23.5"
! pip install "numpy==0.58.1"

```
the numbers are from Colab where successfully I could do the job.



> Thank you so much for the comprehensive instructions @polinaeterna! Also confirming that they worked for me 🤗 In my case, I had to run several of these commands under "sudo" for privileges, but otherwise this workaround gave a successful `libsndfile` install:
> 
> 1. Grab source code:
> 
> ```
> git clone https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile.git
> ```
> 
> 2. Set up a build environment:
> 
> ```
> sudo apt install autoconf autogen automake build-essential libasound2-dev \
>   libflac-dev libogg-dev libtool libvorbis-dev libopus-dev libmp3lame-dev \
>   libmpg123-dev pkg-config python
> ```
> 
> 3. Build and test `libsndfile`:
> 
> ```
> autoreconf -vif
> ./configure --enable-werror
> sudo make
> sudo make check
> ```
> 
> 4. Create `_soundfile_data` submodule (if it does not exist already):
> 
> ```
> sudo mkdir /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
> ```
> 
> 5. Copy `libsndfile` files into submodule:
> 
> ```
> sudo cp /usr/local/lib/libsndfile.* /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/_soundfile_data/
> ```

It works and don't forget to "apt uninstall libsndfile1" after installing it from source code.