Datasets:

SciPhi

/

AgentSearch-V1

like 83

http://www.hartford.gov/police/1405-traffic-advisory-for-multiple-concerts-for-saturday-september-13

Police – City of Hartford

["Police \u2013 City of Hartford\nSaturday Evening (9/13/14) the City of Hartford will see a significant surge in traffic with three simultaneous concerts. (Luke Bryan, Tom Petty and Susan Vega) The three concerts, at 3 separate locations/venues, are all scheduled to start and end at relatively the same time. Also, the three venues are in fairly close proximity to each other (XL Center, Infinity Hall and the Xfinity Theater) and in close proximity to the major traffic arteries (I84/I91/RT44)", "Police \u2013 City of Hartford\nThe Hartford Police Department is asking all concert goers to plan ahead, allow time for additional delay and respectfully enjoy your visit to our city. HPD will have significant planning and additions to traffic patrol for the incoming and outgoing traffic to buffer the surge from these three events. Links to the details of three events:", "Police \u2013 City of Hartford\n1. http://www.xlcenter.com/events/detail/tom-petty-the-heartbreakers\n2. http://www.xfinitytheatre.net/events/luke-bryan-thats-my-kind-of-night-tour-2014/#.VA9zMlJ0yM8\n3. http://www.infinityhall.com/Events/suzanne-vega-9-13-2014/"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.business-wize.com/glossary

IRC Section 1031 and 1033 Exchange Rules and Like-Kind Replacement Property

["IRC Section 1031 and 1033 Exchange Rules and Like-Kind Replacement Property\nIn order to defer capital gains tax in a real property transaction under IRC Section 1031 exchange rules, the taxpayer must acquire like-kind replacement property by the earlier of 180 calendar days or the due date of the taxpayer's next income tax return. The like-kind replacement rules can be a hinge pin to tax deferral. The quality or grade of the replacement property is of no consequence, only that the property is of the same nature, character, or class", "IRC Section 1031 and 1033 Exchange Rules and Like-Kind Replacement Property\nIts advisable to consult a specialize tax advisor before completing a sale and purchase transaction. Gain recognition is triggered in a 1031 like-kind exchange if the replacement property is found not to match exactly or a partial recognition can exist if the cost of replacement property is less than the amount of gain from the property that is relinquished.", "IRC Section 1031 and 1033 Exchange Rules and Like-Kind Replacement Property\nUnlike the 1031, an IRC Section 1033 exchange is an involuntary transaction. Such a conversion includes real property that is destroyed in a casualty, property that is lost due to theft and, or property that is transferred as the result of condemnation or the threat of condemnation. Insurance benefits recovered by your property and casualty policy can play a part in this", "IRC Section 1031 and 1033 Exchange Rules and Like-Kind Replacement Property\nGenerally, replacement property in a 1033 conversion must be acquired within two years of the end of the tax year in which the gain was realized, though some conversions can result in three, four and five-year replacement periods. With only a few exceptions of which some are mentioned here, the rules are very similar to those in a section 1031 exchange transaction."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.brooklaw.edu/en/faculty/directory/facultymember/Noteworthy.aspx?id=larry.solan&category=Books

Brooklyn Law School - 404

["Brooklyn Law School - 404\nprint Lawrence Solan\nDon Forchelli Professor of Law and Director of Graduate Education\n250 Joralemon Street\n(718) 780-0357 | Email\n| CV\nContracts Criminal LawEvidenceLanguage and the LawStatutory Interpretation\nB.A., Brandeis University\nPh.D., University of Massachusetts\nJ.D., Harvard Law School\nBiography Courses Publications Noteworthy Professor Larry Solan Featured in Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nWiley-Blackwell's newest edition of the Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics featured an entry on Professor Larry Solan. Professor Solan is internationally known for his contribution to the field of language and law.\nProfessor Lawrence Solan Featured in Wall Street Journal Blog about J.K. Rowling Revelation", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nThe Wall Street Journal Speakeasy Blog cited Professor Lawrence Solan's scholarship in an article about The Cuckoo\u2019s Calling, the crime novel revealed to be written by J.K. Rowling. The London Times broke the news last week after hiring authorship attribution experts, whose software programs detected stylistic similarities between \u201cRobert Galbraith\u201d and Rowling, prompting the author to confess to her pen name. Read More", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nThe Lawyers Weekly Discusses Professor Lawrence Solan's Article on Insurance Policy Interpretation\nIn a recent issue, Canadian legal magazine The Lawyers Weekly compared insurance policy interpretation practices in Canada versus the United States. They cited Professor Lawrence Solan's 2008 article in the Columbia Law Review that studied false consensus bias and how judges and lay people in court interpreted insurance policy language differently. Read More", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nProfessor Lawrence Solan's Book, The Language of Statutes, Laws and Their Interpretation, Reviewed\nCanadian legal blog Slaw reviewed Professor Lawrence Solan's book, The Language of Statues, Laws and Their Interpretation. Reviewer Simon Foddon called the publication \"a balanced, pragmatic view of statutory interpretation and the role of the courts.\" Read More\nProfessor Lawrence Solan Cited in State of Iowa v. Hicks", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nProfessor Lawrence Solan was cited on November 24, 2010 in State v. Hicks, a decision of the Supreme Court of Iowa. The court referred to his article written with Peter Tiersma, Cops and Robbers: Selective Literalism in American Criminal Law, 38 Law & Soc\u2019y Rev. 229, 249, 255 (2004). Read More\nProfessor Lawrence Solan Cited in State of Minnesota v. Andersen", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nProfessor Lawrence Solan was quoted on June 30, 2010 in State v. Andersen, a decision of the Supreme Court of Minnesota. The court quotes his article, Convicting the Innocent Beyond a Reasonable Doubt: Some Lessons About Jury Instructions from the Sheppard Case, 49 Clev. St. L. Rev. 465, 481 (2001), in which he writes, \u201c\u2026once the government puts on a case, even a weak one, it appears to be up to the defendant to rebut it.\u201d Read More", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nProfessor Lawrence Solan was cited on March 24, 2010, in United States ex rel. Gonzalez v. Fresenius Medical Care North America, a decision of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas, El Paso Division", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nThe court referred to his article written with Peter Tiersma, Author Identification in American Courts, 25 Applied Linguistics 448, 463 (2004), in which he examines testimony on authorship and suggests that linguistic methods require further testing and improvement to be accepted in American courts. Read More", "Brooklyn Law School - 404\nThe court quotes Professor Solan\u2019s book, The Language of Judges 45, 52 (1993) in which he opines about the original intent of the drafters of a statute, saying, \u201cwe have no way of telling whether the drafters of the statute intended that De Morgan\u2019s Rules apply or not.\u201d The court also pointed to his work on how courts have dealt with statutes containing the negation of \u201cand.\u201d Read More"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.touristnetuk.com/by-location/scotland/glasgow-and-the-clyde-valley/east-dunbartonshire

Explore Dumbarton Castle, Scottish Maritime Museum and More in East Dunbartonshire

["Explore Dumbarton Castle, Scottish Maritime Museum and More in East Dunbartonshire\nFifteen miles downstream of Glasgow, the town of Dumbarton sits at the confluence of the rivers Leven and Clyde and is dominated by an ancient castle atop a gaunt rock. In the 8th and 9th centuries it was capital of the Kingdom of Strathclyde. Henry V111 dubbed it the \u2018key to the realm'. It witnessed the departure for France of Mary, Queen of Scots, when she was just six.", "Explore Dumbarton Castle, Scottish Maritime Museum and More in East Dunbartonshire\nThe mighty edifice is still officially a Scottish Royal Fortress, as are the castles of both Edinburgh and Stirling, and on Coronation Day the reigning monarch has to hand over the keys. The town itself grew with the development of shipbuilding and marine engineering. Many types of ship were built here \u2013 from the Cutty Sark to the hovercraft. The first helicopter capable of flight was also built here in 1909", "Explore Dumbarton Castle, Scottish Maritime Museum and More in East Dunbartonshire\nA popular attraction is Denny's Tank, the world's oldest working ship-model experimental tank used to test scale models, although whisky-making is one of Dumbarton's staple industries today.", "Explore Dumbarton Castle, Scottish Maritime Museum and More in East Dunbartonshire\nAmong places to visit are the Scottish Maritime Museum and the Governor's House, which sits at the base of the castle rock.\nHere we try to offer a wide selection from budget to luxury hotels, guest houses, bed and breakfast, B&B accommodation suitable for holidays, vacations or business travellers in Dumbarton or surrounding areas."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.thelocal.se/20051026/2371-2/

Policeman to face trial over fatal shooting

["Policeman to face trial over fatal shooting\nPoliceman to face trial over shooting\nA policeman who in March of this year shot dead a 22 year old man in Lindesberg was charged with serious assault and manslaughter at \u00d6rebro district court on Tuesday.\nPublished: 26 October 2005 20:58 CEST\nHe denies the charges and says that he was afraid of being attacked by the man and shot in self defence.\nHowever, the prosecutor, Per Lind, maintains that the policeman was never in danger.", "Policeman to face trial over fatal shooting\nOn the morning of 20th March the 34 year old policeman was sent to a property outside Lindesberg where the young man had been acting in a threatening way towards his parents.\nHe had already hit his father and the parents were so afraid of their son that they had fled their home and called the police from a nearby petrol station.\nWhen police arrived at the house they were met on the steps by the 22 year old, who had armed himself with knives and was shouting abuse and threatening them.", "Policeman to face trial over fatal shooting\nThe police remained a few metres away behind a fence, but when the man began to move towards them, the policeman fired a shot.\nAccording to the prosecutor the shot was aimed at the man\u2019s leg. But the bullet hit a gate, ricocheted and hit him in the stomach instead. The man died almost immediately.\nA technical investigation of the scene revealed that the gate separating the man from the police officers could only be opened inwards, towards the house.", "Policeman to face trial over fatal shooting\n\u201cIt was not necessary to shoot in this situation,\u201d said prosecutor Per Lind to TT.\nBut the policeman\u2019s lawyer, Christer Jonsson, said that he will reject the allegations in the trial.\n\u201cMy client was, in the highest degree, attacked. He was threatened and had the legal right to shoot,\u201d said Jonsson.\nThe incident reawakened the question of whether Sweden\u2019s police should be armed, but the police union was quick to state that officers across the country want to continue carrying weapons.", "Policeman to face trial over fatal shooting\nThe trial is expected to be held at the beginning of next year.\nSweden to ban unregistered pre-paid mobile phones\nCalls for special police tactics to be available across Sweden"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://books.google.mk/books?id=6ogQAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=editions:LCCN03026786&output=html_text&lr=&vq=%22is+only+this,+%E2%80%94+whether+things+that+have+place+in+the+imagination+may+not+as+properly+be%22&source=gbs_quotes

Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century

["Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nReadings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nedited by Raymond Macdonald Alden\nENGLISH PROSE OF THE\nRAYMOND MACDONALD ALDEN\nLate Professor of English in Leland Stanford Junior University\nHOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY\nbien on\nBOSTON NEW YORK CHICAGO DALLAS\nATLANTA SAN FRANCISCO\nThe Riverside Press Cambridge", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nTHE great Doctor Johnson, in one of the essays reprinted in this volume, condemns the multiplication of books undertaken by those who \"have often no other task than to lay two books before them out of which they compile a third, without any new materials of their own.\" But if it be supposed on this ground that he would frown on the present undertaking, one might plead his own admission that there is an occasional compiler who, \"though he exerts no great abilities in the work, facilitates the progress of others\" and makes \"that easy of attainment which is already written.\" Here, at any rate, are suggested the origin and purpose of this collection", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nFor some time it has been possible for those studying periods of English literature to find in single volumes fairly representative selections from the poets of the several ages; but to represent prose writings adequately is much more difficult, and those who have met this problem have found it one involving no little trouble and expense", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nThrough the co\u00f6peration of the publishers, who have shown themselves ready to undertake the making of a volume sufficiently generous to accomplish for prose what relatively meagre books will do for poetry, it is hoped that the needs of students of eighteenth-century literature have been sufficiently met. If this hope shall be justified by experience, similar volumes may be undertaken for the earlier and later periods.", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nThe principles governing the choice of selections may be briefly explained. In the first place, it was thought well to represent the half-dozen (more or less) most important prose writers of the century by fairly generous and complete specimens of their work, approximating some twenty to thirty thousand words each. These selections cover, in the experience of the editor, the assignments of prescribed reading set for one or two weeks, in college courses dealing with the century as a whole", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nwriters of the age by briefer specimens of their work, to which students could be referred for the cursory illustration of matters discussed in lectures or text-books. Such are the selections from the philosophers, the epistolarians, the pamphleteers, and the novelists of the century. The last of these groups - the novelists\u2014it was not at first proposed to include at all, since their work in its most important aspects can hardly be represented by extracts", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nBut it was suggested by some of the friends who were good enough to criticise the first draft of the contents of the collection, that the novelists might be represented as prose writers, in perhaps the same proportion that they would occupy in a course dealing with the period as a whole but without special attention to the novel or the drama; and this suggestion has been followed", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nThe selections made from the novelists, then, must not be supposed to exhibit the authors as novelists; but they may serve to illustrate the farcical humor of Fielding, the contrasting sentimentalism of Richardson and Sterne, and the romantic machinery of the \"tales of terror.\"", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nThis is as far as the collection need go, for those concerned only with the intrinsic values of literature. But it was desired to go further, and include specimens sometimes of no considerable literary quality\u2014which are suggestive for what might be called the laboratory study of the history of literature, \u2014 passages exemplifying important critical doctrines or literary tendencies of the age", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nSuch are the selections from Dennis, Cibber, the Wartons, and Hurd, the critical chapters from 'Fielding and the Prefaces of Richardson. In like manner the critical writings of Addison and Johnson have been represented more largely than intrinsic interest might dictate, especially where they touch on poetry which the reader may be presumed to have been studying", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nThe wise teacher or student will surely seek, where it is possible, to make one writer illustrate another, and to find examples of contemporary judgments and aims which will make less mysterious for the modern reader literary fashions of an earlier age. So there is value, not only in Johnson's lastingly sound analyses of the poetry of Dryden and Pope, but also in the characteristic limitations of his appreciation of Milton", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nthe discussion of poetic justice by Dennis and Addison, in Johnson's final exposure of the fallacy in the doctrine of the unities, in Fielding's penetrating comments on his own art, and in the casual but significant remarks of Cowper and Gray on their work as poets", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nThose who care to do so may be enabled to go still further into the criticism of the century, making the acquaintance of its efforts in the direction of an \u00e6sthetic theory, through the selections from Addison's and Hume's essays on Taste, Reynolds's discussion of Beauty, and Burke's account of the Sublime and Beautiful. A similar attempt has been made to enable the student to illustrate for himself \"the spirit of 1789,\" through the selections from Godwin, Paine, and The Anti-Jacobin.", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nCertain books, from which extracts would otherwise have been a matter of course, have been passed by because they are commonly familiar in more elementary reading: these include the first two parts of Gulliver's Travels, Robinson Crusoe, the De Coverley papers, The Vicar of Wakefield, and Burke's writings on the American Revolution", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nA place has been made for the dubious prose of Macpherson's Ossianic writings, on the purely practical ground that they should be known to the student of the period, but are not represented in any of the standard collections of eighteenth-century poetry.", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nComplete compositions have of course been preferred, other things being equal, especially from the more important writers. But where actual utility, or exigencies of space, demanded, the editor has freely excerpted, in the manner of one reading aloud under circumstances where it is desirable that the knowledge of the reader should save the time of the hearer", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nOmissions have been indicated scrupulously, and in most cases it is possible, by noting these indications, to discover whether any selection includes the beginning and the end of the chapter, essay, or letter from which it is taken. There are, however, a very few unnoted omissions pudoris causa, to which it seemed unnecessary to call attention in a non-critical text.", "Readings in English Prose of the Eighteenth Century\nThe geographical situation of the editor has made it impossible, regrettably, to present a verified text of a considerable number of the selections; in other words, in many cases it has been necessary to depend on the work of previous editors and publishers. In some cases one need have little fear of the re"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.palpress.net/?View=News&id=5276&dep=2

Israeli President Ashamed of Third Elections

["Israeli President Ashamed of Third Elections\nThe Israeli president is ashamed of the third elections\nIsraeli President Reuven Rivlin today officially received the final results of the elections that took place on the second of March, and the third elections were in less than a year.\nAfter receiving the results, Rivlin issued a statement addressed to party leaders, in which he said: \"Any plans you reach to form a stable government capable of obtaining the Knesset's trust will be welcome.\"", "Israeli President Ashamed of Third Elections\nHe added: \"You also have the outlines that I proposed during the previous round of elections, at the time you mentioned that there is no other way to form a government, and it seems that nothing has changed.\"\nRivlin had expressed his dissatisfaction with Israel going to a third election in less than a year, and said during his vote in the last elections: \"This day is usually a celebration, but in reality I do not feel that there is a celebration,\" adding that he was ashamed of going to Ballot boxes again.", "Israeli President Ashamed of Third Elections\nThe results of the recent elections resulted in the Likud party, led by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, leading the results with 36 seats, compared to 33 seats for the (blue-white) party led by Benny Gantz.\nAvigdor Lieberman's Israel Beitenu party won seven seats.\nThe results mean that the camp of right-wing and religious parties led by Netanyahu won 58 seats in the 120-seat Knesset, which is three less than the number that guarantees them to form a government.", "Israeli President Ashamed of Third Elections\nAnd Israel (Our Home) refused to join any of the right or left camps, after the elections that took place in September. And his participation in either of them was enough to prevent Israel from holding the last elections.\nGantz is working to bring his views closer together with Lieberman in order to cooperate in forming a government."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/194/593/

Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)

["Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nJustia \u203a US Law \u203a US Case Law \u203a US Supreme Court \u203a Volume 194 \u203a Shaw v. Covington\nShaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nShaw v. Covington\nArgued April 22, 25, 1904", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nCorporations having consolidated under a state statute providing that, on the recording of the agreement, the separate existence of the constituent corporations should cease and become a single corporation subject to the provisions of that law, and other laws relating to such a corporation, and should be vested with all the property, business, credits, assets and effects of the constituent companies, and one of the corporations claimed to possess an exclusive franchise to furnish water to a city under which the city could not for a period erect its own works, and the constitution and laws of the state at the time of the consolidation, but passed after the franchise was granted, prohibited the granting of such exclusive privileges.", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nHeld that, on the consolidation, the original corporations disappeared and the franchises of the consolidated corporation were left to be determined by the general law as it existed at the time of the consolidation, and the corporation did not succeed to the right of the original company to exclude the city from erecting its own plant.\nThe facts are stated in the opinion of the Court.\nAPPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE UNITED\nSTATES FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF KENTUCKY", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nThis is a suit in equity brought by the appellants to enjoin the City of Covington from setting up an electric plant to furnish light, heat, and power to the city and its citizens. The ground of the suit is that the intended action of the city will impair the obligations of a contract with the Suburban Electric Company, contrary to Article I, Section 10, of the Constitution of the United States. The plaintiff Shaw is trustee in bankruptcy of the Electric Company", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nThe contract set up consists of a clause in a charter granted by the Legislature of Kentucky on April 22, 1882, to the Covington Electric Light Company. By \u00a7 5, the business of the company is limited to furnishing the City of Covington, its inhabitants, and others near the city, with light, motive power, and heat, and the company is given the", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\n\"exclusive privilege of conducting the business above described within and adjacent to said city for the term of twenty-five years; but a nonuser of the privilege of this act of incorporation for five years shall work a forfeiture.\"", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nOne of the contentions of the defendant is that this privilege was lost by nonuser. But, as our judgment proceeds upon other grounds, we say nothing about that, but assume, for the purposes of decision, that the privilege was acquired subject to the general reservation by the state of the power to repeal. Hamilton Gas Light & Coke Co. v. Hamilton, 146 U. S. 258; Citizens' Savings Bank v. Owensboro, 173 U. S. 636.", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nThe circuit court dismissed the bill on the grounds that this privilege was repealed from and after September 28, 1897, by what is now \u00a7 573 of the Kentucky statutes (1894), or would have been repealed if not previously lost by the consolidation of the Covington Electric Light Company with other companies on April 11, 1894, as the court thought that it had been. The plaintiffs appealed to this Court", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nThey are met at the outset by the dilemma that either the action of the municipality is sanctioned by the state, in which case the state must", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nbe taken to have exercised its reserved right to repeal its grant to that extent, or the action of the municipality is not so sanctioned; in which case it cannot be a law impairing the obligations of contracts within the clause of the Constitution, and the plaintiffs are out of court. Hamilton Gas Light & Coke Co. v. Hamilton, 146 U. S. 258; Wisconsin & Michigan Ry. Co. v. Powers, 191 U. S. 379, 191 U. S. 385. See Joplin v. Southwest Missouri Light Co., 191 U. S. 150, 191 U. S. 155-156", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nBut in view of City Railway Co. v. Citizens' Street R. Co., 166 U. S. 557, we do not stop to consider this point further, as the result will be the same, whatever the ground.", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nAs we have implied, the original grantee of the exclusive privilege consolidated with other companies on April 11, 1894. This was done under what are now \u00a7\u00a7 555 and 556 of the Kentucky statutes. By the latter section, when the agreement of consolidation is recorded, etc.,", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\n\"the separate existence of the constituent corporations shall cease, and the consolidated corporations shall become a single corporation, in accordance with the said agreement, and subject to all the provisions of this chapter, and other laws relating to it, and shall be vested with all the property, business, credits, assets, and effects of the constituent corporations, without deed or transfer, and shall be bound for all their contracts and liabilities.\"", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nThe old companies disappear and the new company must claim whatever rights it gets from the law which calls it into being. It is absolutely subject to the Constitution and laws then in force. Therefore it can claim the franchises and privileges of its constituent companies by succession, only under the words \"property,\" or \"assets and effects,\" if at all", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nThese words certainly are not happily chosen to express the transfer of a franchise, still less to express the continuance of a right not to be competed with, granted by the legislature to a named corporation, after that corporation shall have ceased to exist. The natural meaning of the words would be that the ordinary property of the consolidating corporations, the property such as any one might own without", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nspecial franchise, and might transfer by deed, shall belong to the new company without deed, but the franchises of the new company would seem to be left to be determined by the general law. The new corporation is to be \"subject to all the provisions of this chapter, and other laws relating to it.\" This interpretation is strengthened by the consideration that other sections show that the legislature had franchises and privileges before its mind, and evidently did not fail to mention them from forgetfulness", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nIn the cases cited by the appellants, the privileges and franchises of the constituent companies were continued in the new company by explicit and careful words. Philadelphia, Wilmington &c. R. Co. v. Maryland, 10 How. 376; New Orleans Gas Co. v. Louisiana Light Co., 115 U. S. 650.", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nThe impression that the plaintiffs did not inherit a right to exclude the City of Covington from setting up a plant before 1907 as the result of the consolidation is confirmed still further when we consider the State of the law at the time. By section 191 of the Constitution of 1891,\n\"all existing charters or grants of special or exclusive privileges, under which a bona fide organization shall not have taken place, . . . shall thereafter be void and of no effect.\"", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nAgain, by \u00a7 164, no city can grant any franchise or privilege, or make any contract in reference thereto, for a term exceeding twenty years, and the grantee is to be the highest and best bidder at public offer. We assume that the Covington Electric Light Company escaped these sections, but they show the policy of the state to have been against such a right as it claimed", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nIt is doubtful at least, whether the legislature could have granted it in 1894, and this is a reason the more for construing the strict language of the consolidation sections to have meant no more than they said. We may add to the foregoing, as indicative of the general jealousy of exclusive rights, \u00a7 3 of the Bill of Rights: \"No grant of exclusive . . . privileges shall be made to any man or set of men except in consideration of public services.\" It was uncertain, until decided, whether,", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nunder this section, such an exclusive right as that of the Covington Electric Light Company could be granted, and the prevailing local opinion was that such grants were forbidden. Louisville Gas Co. v. Citizens' Gas Co., 115 U. S. 683. This, again, goes to show that the meagre words used in describing the rights of the new company were chosen with intelligent care. Everything in the Constitution looked to the abolition and refusal of special privileges, and to putting all corporations on an equal footing", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nIt was natural, therefore, when old corporations consolidated, that the law should treat the new corporation which it then called into being as it would have treated another corporation coming into being at the same time, but starting fresh, instead of being a consolidation of the old. We refer again to the words, \"subject to all the provisions of this chapter, and other laws relating to it,\" in \u00a7 556.", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nFinally, we add to the language of the Constitution the section of the statutes which the circuit court adjudged to have repealed the grant of a monopoly to the original company. By \u00a7 573, the provisions of all charters", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\n\"which are inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter concerning similar corporations, to the extent of such conflict, and all powers, privileges, or immunities of any such corporation which could not be obtained under the provisions of this chapter, shall stand repealed on September 28, 1897,\"", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nand the exercise of the repealed powers is made a crime. After September 28, 1897, the provisions of the chapter are to apply to all corporations if they would be applicable to such corporations if organized under that chapter. There was nice discussion, and it is a fair question whether this section did not repeal the exclusive privilege given to the Covington company in 1897, if that privilege survived the consolidation. But we refer to it only as an aid in construing \u00a7 556", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nby consolidation in 1894 was subject to the statutes and Constitution then in force. Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Ry. Co. v. Adams, 180 U. S. 1. To dispute the proposition would be to discredit the whole of the appellant's case. But, that being so, we think that we have shown that the policy of the law at the time of the passage of the consolidation statute (Ky.Stats", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\n\u00a7 556, Act of April 5, 1893) was entirely opposed to the continuance of such a special right as is claimed, and therefore have given a sufficient reason for construing the words as meaning what they seem on their face to mean, and no more. It may be doubted whether the legislature could have kept the Covington Light Company monopoly alive in the hands of a new and distinct corporation. Keokuk & Western R. Co. v. Missouri, 152 U. S. 301. But, at all events, we are satisfied that it did not try to do so", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nIn the very able argument for the appellant, an attempt was made to detach the exclusive privilege, given by section of the Covington Electric Light Company's charter, from \"conducting the business,\" to which it was attached by that section, and to transfer it to the \"privilege,\" granted by \u00a7 6, \"subject to the regulations of the city authorities, to lay its pipes and mains, to erect its poles, posts, and wires through and along any street,\" etc", "Shaw v. Covington, 194 U.S. 593 (1904)\nThe latter, it is said, is an easement, the exclusive character is part of it, and it all goes, like any other property, to the successors of the Covington Company. We cannot be so ingenious. However the plaintiffs may stand as to using the streets, the Covington Company's monopoly in business was distinct from its rights in the streets. When the Covington Company died, its monopoly came to an end."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://indusscrolls.com/chhath-the-festival-dedicated-to-lord-surya-to-show-gratitude-for-bestowing-bounties-of-life-on-earth

Chhath Puja: A Festival Dedicated to Lord Surya to Show Gratitude and Thankfulness for Bounties of Life on Earth

["Chhath Puja: A Festival Dedicated to Lord Surya to Show Gratitude and Thankfulness for Bounties of Life on Earth\nChhath is an ancient Hindu festival historically native to the Indian subcontinent, more specifically, the Indian states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, and the Nepalese provinces of Madhesh and Lumbini. Prayers during Chhath puja are dedicated to the solar deity, Surya, to show gratitude and thankfulness for bestowing the bounties of life on earth and to request that certain wishes be granted.", "Chhath Puja: A Festival Dedicated to Lord Surya to Show Gratitude and Thankfulness for Bounties of Life on Earth\nChhath Puja is in practice since Vedic ages. It is said that Karna, who was the son of the Sun, performed this puja. Karna was the king of Anga Desh, which is believed to be present-day Bhagalpur in Bihar. It is also said that Draupadi had also observed this fast in order to beat the obstacles and hurdles that had come in hers and Pandavas\u2019 life. It is also said that Sita was blessed with Luv and Kush after she did the Chhath Puja.\nPuja Vidhi", "Chhath Puja: A Festival Dedicated to Lord Surya to Show Gratitude and Thankfulness for Bounties of Life on Earth\nChhath is observed for four days. The first day is called Nahaay Khay. On this day, people take a holy bath and clean their entire house and the living premises. Following this, a pure satwik meal comprising lauki or bottle gourd, bengal gram lentils are prepared. This is served along with rice to the deity as prasad or bhog. The worshiper consumes this prasad and begins the fast.", "Chhath Puja: A Festival Dedicated to Lord Surya to Show Gratitude and Thankfulness for Bounties of Life on Earth\nThe second day is called Rasiaav-Roti or Lohanda. This is also called Kharna. On this day, the worshiper abstains from even having a drop of water. In the evening they have rasiaav or a kheer made of jaggery and roti.", "Chhath Puja: A Festival Dedicated to Lord Surya to Show Gratitude and Thankfulness for Bounties of Life on Earth\nThe third day is called Sanjhka Aragh. In the entire day, people made prasad or bhog for the deity and in the evening they offer these to the Sun as Arghya. The Arghya is offered at a riverbank, or pond. People who do not have access to riverbanks, make a temporary pond and offer the Arghya to the Sun.", "Chhath Puja: A Festival Dedicated to Lord Surya to Show Gratitude and Thankfulness for Bounties of Life on Earth\nThe prasad or the bhog that is offered to the Sun comprises Thekua, Khajuria, Tikri and other food items prepared with fruits, coconut and banana as main ingredients. These foods are strictly vegetarian and are cooked without onion and garlic. During the entire puja, non-vegetarian food items are not allowed within the household.\nThe fourth day is called Bhorka Aragh. This is the same as the third day, except the arghya is offered to the rising Sun. After this the worshippers break the fast."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/other-bomb-drops/

"The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress"

["The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nIt was a huge air assault: Approximately 100 US and British planes flew from Kuwait into Iraqi airspace. At least seven types of aircraft were part of this massive operation, including US F-15 Strike Eagles and Royal Air Force Tornado ground-attack planes. They dropped precision-guided munitions on Saddam Hussein's major western air-defense facility, clearing the path for Special Forces helicopters that lay in wait in Jordan", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nEarlier attacks had been carried out against Iraqi command and control centers, radar detection systems, Revolutionary Guard units, communication centers and mobile air-defense systems. The Pentagon's goal was clear: Destroy Iraq's ability to resist. This was war.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nBut there was a catch: The war hadn't started yet, at least not officially. This was September 2002\u2013a month before Congress had voted to give President Bush the authority he used to invade Iraq, two months before the United Nations brought the matter to a vote and more than six months before \"shock and awe\" officially began.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nAt the time, the Bush Administration publicly played down the extent of the airstrikes, claiming the United States was just defending the so-called no-fly zones. But new information that has come out in response to the Downing Street memo reveals that, by this time, the war was already a foregone conclusion and attacks were no less than the undeclared beginning of the invasion of Iraq.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nThe Sunday Times of London recently reported on new evidence showing that \"The RAF and US aircraft doubled the rate at which they were dropping bombs on Iraq in 2002 in an attempt to provoke Saddam Hussein into giving the allies an excuse for war.\" The paper cites newly released statistics from the British Defense Ministry showing that \"the Allies dropped twice as many bombs on Iraq in the second half of 2002 as they did during the whole of 2001\" and that \"a full air offensive\" was under way months before the invasion had officially begun.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nThe implications of this information for US lawmakers are profound. It was already well known in Washington and international diplomatic circles that the real aim of the US attacks in the no-fly zones was not to protect Shiites and Kurds", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nBut the new disclosures prove that while Congress debated whether to grant Bush the authority to go to war, while Hans Blix had his UN weapons-inspection teams scrutinizing Iraq and while international diplomats scurried to broker an eleventh-hour peace deal, the Bush Administration was already in full combat mode\u2013not just building the dossier of manipulated intelligence, as the Downing Street memo demonstrated, but acting on it by beginning the war itself", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nAnd according to the Sunday Times article, the Administration even hoped the attacks would push Saddam into a response that could be used to justify a war the Administration was struggling to sell.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nOn the eve of the official invasion, on March 8, 2003, Bush said in his national radio address: \"We are doing everything we can to avoid war in Iraq. But if Saddam Hussein does not disarm peacefully, he will be disarmed by force.\" Bush said this after nearly a year of systematic, aggressive bombings of Iraq, during which Iraq was already being disarmed by force, in preparation for the invasion to come", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\n\"It reminded me of a boxing match in which one of the boxers is told not to move while the other is allowed to punch and only stop when he is convinced that he has weakened his opponent to the point where he is defeated before the fight begins,\" says former UN Assistant Secretary General Hans Von Sponeck, a thirty-year career diplomat who was the top UN official in Iraq from 1998 to 2000", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nDuring both the Clinton and Bush administrations, Washington has consistently and falsely claimed these attacks were mandated by UN Resolution 688, passed after the Gulf War, which called for an end to the Iraqi government's repression in the Kurdish north and the Shiite south", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nVon Sponeck dismissed this justification as a \"total misnomer.\" In an interview with The Nation, Von Sponeck said that the new information \"belatedly confirms\" what he has long argued: \"The no-fly zones had little to do with protecting ethnic and religious groups from Saddam Hussein's brutality\" but were in fact an \"illegal establishment\u2026for bilateral interests of the US and the UK.\"", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nThese attacks were barely covered in the press and Von Sponeck says that as far back as 1999, the United States and Britain pressured the UN not to call attention to them", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nDuring his time in Iraq, Von Sponeck began documenting each of the airstrikes, showing \"regular attacks on civilian installations including food warehouses, residences, mosques, roads and people.\" These reports, he said, were \"welcomed\" by Secretary General Kofi Annan, but \"the US and UK governments strongly objected to this reporting.\" Von Sponeck says that he was pressured to end the practice, with a senior British diplomat telling him, \"All you are doing is putting a UN stamp of approval on Iraqi propaganda.\" But Von Sponeck continued documenting the damage and visited many attack sites", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nAfter September 11, there was a major change in attitude within the Bush Administration toward the attacks. Gone was any pretext that they were about protecting Shiites and Kurds\u2013this was a plan to systematically degrade Iraq's ability to defend itself from a foreign attack: bombing Iraq's air defenses, striking command facilities, destroying communication and radar infrastructure", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nAs an Associated Press report noted in November 2002, \"Those costly, hard-to-repair facilities are essential to Iraq's air defense.\"", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nRear Admiral David Gove, former deputy director of global operations for the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said on November 20, 2002, that US and British pilots were \"essentially flying combat missions.\" On October 3, 2002, the New York Times reported that US pilots were using southern Iraq for \"practice runs, mock strikes and real attacks\" against a variety of targets. But the full significance of this dramatic change in policy toward Iraq only became clear last month, with the release of the Downing Street memo", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nIn it, British Defense Secretary Geoff Hoon is reported to have said in 2002, after meeting with US officials, that \"the US had already begun 'spikes of activity' to put pressure on the regime,\" a reference to the stepped-up airstrikes. Now the Sunday Times of London has revealed that these spikes \"had become a full air offensive\"\u2013in other words, a war.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nMichigan Democratic Representative John Conyers has called the latest revelations about these attacks \"the smoking bullet in the smoking gun,\" irrefutable proof that President Bush misled Congress before the vote on Iraq. When Bush asked Congress to authorize the use of force in Iraq, he also said he would use it only as a last resort, after all other avenues had been exhausted", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nBut the Downing Street memo reveals that the Administration had already decided to topple Saddam by force and was manipulating intelligence to justify the decision. That information puts the increase in unprovoked air attacks in the year prior to the war in an entirely new light: The Bush Administration was not only determined to wage war on Iraq, regardless of the evidence; it had already started that war months before it was put to a vote in Congress.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nIt only takes one member of Congress to begin an impeachment process, and Conyers is said to be considering the option. The process would certainly be revealing. Congress could subpoena Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, Gen. Richard Myers, Gen.Tommy Franks and all of the military commanders and pilots involved with the no-fly zone bombings going back into the late 1990s. What were their orders, both given and received? In those answers might lie a case for impeachment.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nBut another question looms, particularly for Democrats who voted for the war and now say they were misled: Why weren't these unprovoked and unauthorized attacks investigated when they were happening, when it might have had a real impact on the Administration's drive to war", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\n? Perhaps that's why the growing grassroots campaign to use the Downing Street memo to impeach Bush can't get a hearing on Capitol Hill. A real probing of this \"smoking gun\" would not be uncomfortable only for Republicans. The truth is that Bush, like President Bill Clinton before him, oversaw the longest sustained bombing campaign since Vietnam against a sovereign country with no international or US mandate. That gun is probably too hot for either party to touch.", "The Other Bomb Drops: How Bush Began the Iraq Invasion Before Congress\nJeremy ScahillTwitterJeremy Scahill is the author of the best-selling Blackwater: The Rise of the World\u2019s Most Powerful Mercenary Army, published by Nation Books. Nation Books released his second book, Dirty Wars: The World Is a Battlefield, in 2013. He is the writer, with David Riker, and a producer of the documentary feature film Dirty Wars, released by IFC Films in 2013."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://en.escolarte.com/proxectos/o-cemiterio-dos-elefantes

"Final Project of the Higher Cycle of Illustration: Backdrop for the Main Theater"

["Final Project of the Higher Cycle of Illustration: Backdrop for the Main Theater\nThis project, led by Professor Miguel Mantilla, responded to a professional commission made by \"Obradoiro Danza Cl\u00e1sica\". It consisted of the elaboration of a curtain of 7 x 9 meters of canvas for a dance show, whose plot was based on the animated film \"El Rey Le\u00f3n\" (1994). Between 19 and 27 April 2001, the 1st and 2nd year students of the Higher Cycle of Illustration collaborated with the author of the project in its practical realization.", "Final Project of the Higher Cycle of Illustration: Backdrop for the Main Theater\nThe huge illustration was intended to set a scene in the play, in which it should help generate a dramatic mood. To do this, the author took into account the tones of the dancers' costumes and the night effect of the lights in cold tones and low intensity, in addition to the props and practicables that would be on stage during the performance. All this was planned taking into account the data provided by the customer, who requested a type of image that was not childish style or heir to the \"Disney style\"."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.studyebooks.com/2021/12/bertha-von-suttner-autobiograph.html

Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner

["Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nBertha von Suttne\nGround arms - The story of a life by Bertha von Suttner\nThe story of a life by Bertha von Suttner\nFrom Translator's preface", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nThe author of \" Ground Arms!\", Baroness von Suttner, is an Austrian of the upper class, the daughter of an Austrian general. Before the appearance of this work, she had written several witty and tender society novels she is a sentimentalist of the German type but she had given no evidence of greater power. She is a handsome, brilliant woman of the world, who has become thoroughly imbued with the importance of the higher education of women.", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nIn \" Ground Arms! \", where she stepped at once upon a higher plane than she had occupied in any previous work, she emphasizes the necessity of this better training for women if the highest degree of civilization is to be attained by the world at large. She reasons, like Mr Herbert Spencer, though she does not clothe the thought in his words, that if a woman is to perform all the duties of her station, the era of universal peace, secured by international arbitration, must first be secured.", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nTo hasten the advent of the rule of justice obtained without force she seems now to have largely devoted her life. Recently, as Vice-President of the International Peace Congress at Rome, she stood on the rostrum to address a most brilliant and distinguished assembly the first woman since Corinna, whose voice has been heard within the walls of the famous capital.", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nThe success of \" Ground Arms! \" in Germany has been amazing. In the Austrian Parliament grave ministers of finance have commended its reading; all ranks of life have been profoundly impressed by it, and able critics have compared its influence in Germany to that of \" Uncle Tom's Cabin \" in the United States. This effect is largely due to the terrible tension of the public mind in Europe, caused by the daily and hourly anticipation of war", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nBaroness von Suttner is keenly alive to the spirit of the times, and she has written this book with a hot heart and a burning pen.", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nNaturally, she has not escaped the attacks of the believers in the justice and prudence of the present condition of things and is accused of belonging to the sentimental company of apostles and owners of patent rights to reform and regenerate the world.", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nThe book is a crusade against war, and its whole object is to present the claims of the individual and the family as superior to those of the state; as an individualist, she presses the claim of every human being to the ownership and control of his own life. Then, regarding the family as the social unit, she emphasizes the claim of wife and child as far superior to that of church or state.", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nThough \" Ground Arms! \" is apparently a very simple story, its philosophy is profound; but so quietly and un- pretendingly is it unfolded, that we are continually sur- prised by the strength of the author's logic", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nWe are sometimes oppressed by her method, which is often painfully realistic, and in other respects is similar to that of many of the noblest spirits of our time the method prompted by the Weltschmerz, the groan of the world, which too often cripples our efforts because of its good-by to hope, but in her case inspires to work of a very noble character.", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nThis cry of a weeping, passionate woman is but an echo of the conscience of the times. So long as it remains true that, in the main, diplomatists and kings plot wars, not always with the special aim, but certainly with the result of arresting the social development of humanity it being with them a struggle to ignore as long as possible the individual rights of man so long must such books as this aid in the advance of justice", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nIt may not be today or tomorrow that this influence will prevail, but it is certainly in the trend of modern thought and tends to aid the tremendous social and moral revolution which all reflects the mind must-see approach. Any progress", "Ground Arms - The Story of a Life by Bertha von Suttner\nAuthor: Bertha von Suttner- Baroness Bertha Sophie Felicitas Freifrau von Suttner was an Austrian-Bohemian pacifist and novelist. In 1905, she became the second female Nobel laureate, the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and the first Austrian laureate\nTranslator:: Alice Asbury Abbott\nCompany: Chicago: A.C. McClurg & Company\nBertha von Suttne,Biography,European history,History"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://firetopmountain.neocities.org/cornwall/shipwreck.htm

Cornwall's Shipwrecks: Kernow Gorhel Gwreckys

["Cornwall's Shipwrecks: Kernow Gorhel Gwreckys\nCornwall has been the graveyard of shipping over the centuries, it is a prime area for shipwrecks as it is close to major shipping routes. In the past the high rate of shipping; in conjunction with precarious currents, stormy weather, concealed rocky outcrops and particularly inadequate navigational aids, were the major causes of shipwrecks", "Cornwall's Shipwrecks: Kernow Gorhel Gwreckys\nIt was considered a Cornishman's right to salvage any of the goods that were left on abandoned ships or that were washed ashore, which led to a considerable amount of smuggling.", "Cornwall's Shipwrecks: Kernow Gorhel Gwreckys\nShipwrecks in Cornwall have hit the headlines over many years. There was the ill fated 'Torrey Canyon' whose load of oil decimated local marine life in 1967 after running aground on the Seven Stones reef, whilst on a lighter note, there was the recovery in 1968 of bullion from the wreck of the Association on The Isles of Scilly. Shipwrecks have not been eliminated by technology, but just reduced", "Cornwall's Shipwrecks: Kernow Gorhel Gwreckys\nThere will always be a chance of wrecks with the amount of shipping around Cornwall, particularly as ships often come close into shore.", "Cornwall's Shipwrecks: Kernow Gorhel Gwreckys\nStories abound of Cornish wreckers luring shipping onto rocks with false navigational lighting, with the survivors on reaching the shore being set upon and killed.\nSuch stories are erroneous and not supported by historical records. There has never been a conviction for such a crime. Whilst on the other hand there are many recorded stories of bravery by local people rescuing victims of shipwrecks.", "Cornwall's Shipwrecks: Kernow Gorhel Gwreckys\nThe Doom Bar is a sandbar at the mouth of the estuary of the River Camel, where it meets the Sea on the north coast of Cornwall near Padstow. A Cornish folklore legend relates that a mermaid created the bar as a dying curse on the harbour after she was shot by a local man. The Doom Bar has accounted for more than six hundred shipwrecks since records began early in the nineteenth century.", "Cornwall's Shipwrecks: Kernow Gorhel Gwreckys\nBetween 1880 and 1923 over thirty identified steamships were wrecked, stranded or sank around the Runnel Stone just south of Gwennap Head.\nKnown as 'General de Gaulle in his bath', the Brisons Rocks just off Cape Cornwall have caused many shipwrecks in their time. They are said to have once been home to a prison, but now are an important breeding ground for seabirds.\nCornish Lighthouses Shipwrecks Around The Isles of Scilly Smuggling in Cornwall"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9535255/Scott-Petersons-sister-law-claims-wife-Laci-murdered-burglars.html?ns_mchannel=rss&ns_campaign=1490&ito=1490

Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars

["Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nScott Peterson's sister-in-law Janey claims to have new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nScott Peterson was sentenced to death in 2005 for his wife Laci's murder\nHis sister-in-law Janey told CBS on Saturday she believes she has new evidence\nJaney Peterson believes that burglars at a neighboring house killed Laci\nProsecutors say the burglary was not until two days after Laci disappeared\nJaney also said Laci was seen alive on the morning of December 24", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nIn August the California Supreme Court overturned the death penalty\nPeterson was in court on Tuesday for a new sentencing hearing\nHis supporters and legal team want a new trial and hope to exonerate him\nBy Harriet Alexander For Dailymail.com\nPublished: 13:46 EST, 2 May 2021 | Updated: 17:56 EST, 2 May 2021\nScott Peterson's sister-in-law has said that he has been 'failed' by the Justice Department, insisting that she has new evidence that says he could not have murdered his wife.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nPeterson was found guilty in 2004 for the Christmas Eve murders of his wife Laci and unborn child.\nHe was sentenced to death, but in August had his death penalty overturned by the California Supreme Court. A hearing was held on Tuesday to discuss a new sentencing hearing: his supporters and legal team are hoping to overturn the conviction entirely.\nJaney Peterson, who has spent years investigating the case, said police in Modesto, 90 miles east of San Francisco, ignored tips and leads in this case.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\n'There is no series of circumstances that fits the evidence where he could possibly have done it,' she told CBS 13.\nViacom CBS Privacy Policy\nJaney Peterson said her brother-in-law had been failed by the justice system\nHer husband led the search for her for months but was arrested after Laci's badly decomposed body washed up on a San Francisco shoreline in April 2003. The couple married in 1997\n'The justice system has failed here, and a lot of aspects have failed.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\n'And it started with the Modesto Police Department. And it started with the fact that they didn't follow up on evidence that showed Laci was alive the morning of December 24.'\nScott Peterson 'is unaware' that a California judge has... California court reverses Scott Peterson's death penalty as...\nPeterson, now 47, continues to maintain his innocence.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nLaci disappeared on Christmas Eve in 2002. Peterson told police that he had been fishing in Berkeley that day, and when he came back home to Modesto, his pregnant wife was gone.\nHe led the search for her for months but was arrested after Laci's badly decomposed body and the fetus of their son washed up on a San Francisco shoreline in April 2003.\nPeterson, who authorities say dumped the bodies off the side of his fishing boat, was on death row since 2005. He is now awaiting sentencing.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nJaney Peterson said that she believed Laci had been killed after confronting burglars at a neighboring property.\n'There was an anonymous tip that came in that named five people being involved in the burglary, but only two of those people were arrested and questioned,' Janey Peterson said.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\n'A Lt. Aponte who worked at Norco Prison in California called the Modesto police in January and said they had an inmate at their prison who was overheard discussing exactly that, that Laci had confronted the burglars at the Medina home.'\nProsecutors say that the burglary did not happen until two days after Laci disappeared.\nThey insist that the right conclusion was reached at trial, 18 years ago.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nOn Tuesday the defense disclosed their intent to send a request for discovery to the Stanislaus County District Attorney's Office.\nThe judge agreed that both sides will meet in 60 days on June 28 to discuss the status of the discovery request.\nThe California Supreme Court in August overturned Peterson's planned death by lethal injection, owing to errors in the trial.\nScott Peterson and his wife Laci are pictured in 2002, before her Christmas Eve disappearance", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nPeterson was convicted of her murder in November 2004 and sentenced to death in 2005\nIn their ruling, the court said Peterson's death penalty conviction was being removed because the trial judge made 'clear and significant errors' in jury selection that meant Peterson did not receive an impartial trial.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nThe court agreed with Peterson's argument that potential jurors were improperly dismissed from the jury pool after saying they personally disagreed with the death penalty but would be willing to follow the law and impose it.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\n'While a court may dismiss a prospective juror as unqualified to sit on a capital case if the juror's views on capital punishment would substantially impair his or her ability to follow the law, a juror may not be dismissed merely because he or she has expressed opposition to the death penalty as a general matter,' the justices said in a unanimous decision.\nLaci was reported missing on Christmas Eve in 2002 when she was eight months pregnant", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nPeterson contended on appeal that he could not get a fair trial because of the massive publicity that followed, although the proceedings were moved nearly 90 miles away from his Central Valley home of Modesto to San Mateo County, south of San Francisco.\nHe also had contended on appeal that the trial court erred in deciding whether jurors and the defense were properly allowed to test whether Peterson's new boat would likely have capsized if he dumped the weighted bodies over the side.", "Scott Peterson's sister-in-law claims he is innocent and has new evidence that proves his wife Laci was murdered by burglars\nAmber Frey 'relieved' California court did not overturn Scott Peterson conviction, says decision to retry should be up to Laci's family | Fox News\n\u2018Justice System Has Failed Here\u2019: Scott Peterson\u2019s Sister-In-Law Says She Has Evidence That Could Exonerate Him \u2013 CBS Sacramento\nScott Peterson's sister-in-law claims that his wife Laci was murdered by burglars"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.wbaltv.com/article/police-teen-chokes-moms-ex-boyfriend-to-death-after-seeing-him-beat-her/12017969

Teen Chokes Mom's Ex-Boyfriend to Death After Witnessing Him Beat Her

["Teen Chokes Mom's Ex-Boyfriend to Death After Witnessing Him Beat Her\nPolice: Teen chokes mom's ex-boyfriend to death after seeing him beat her\nUpdated: 5:27 AM EDT Aug 16, 2017\nChange.org SOURCE: Change.org", "Teen Chokes Mom's Ex-Boyfriend to Death After Witnessing Him Beat Her\nA New York teenager has been charged after he allegedly choked his mom's ex-boyfriend to death after witnessing the man beat her. Luis Moux, 18, of the Bronx, has been charged with manslaughter, according to PIX 11. Police say the mother's ex-boyfriend, 43-year-old Stanley Washington, showed up at the family apartment to speak to the woman. The two began arguing in the hallway. When she went back into the apartment, Washington followed her and then allegedly began assaulting the woman", "Teen Chokes Mom's Ex-Boyfriend to Death After Witnessing Him Beat Her\nWhen her son, Moux, heard the commotion, he rushed out of his bedroom to help her. Police say Moux pulled Washington off his mother and choked the man to death. Washington had been arrested 26 times, twice for instances of violence against Moux's mother. A Change.org petition has been started asking for all charges against Moux to be dropped.", "Teen Chokes Mom's Ex-Boyfriend to Death After Witnessing Him Beat Her\nA New York teenager has been charged after he allegedly choked his mom's ex-boyfriend to death after witnessing the man beat her.\nLuis Moux, 18, of the Bronx, has been charged with manslaughter, according to PIX 11.\nPolice say the mother's ex-boyfriend, 43-year-old Stanley Washington, showed up at the family apartment to speak to the woman. The two began arguing in the hallway.\nWhen she went back into the apartment, Washington followed her and then allegedly began assaulting the woman.", "Teen Chokes Mom's Ex-Boyfriend to Death After Witnessing Him Beat Her\nWhen her son, Moux, heard the commotion, he rushed out of his bedroom to help her.\nPolice say Moux pulled Washington off his mother and choked the man to death.\nWashington had been arrested 26 times, twice for instances of violence against Moux's mother.\nA Change.org petition has been started asking for all charges against Moux to be dropped."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://shop.btpubservices.com/Title/9780749023867

Murder at the Fitzwilliam (A Daniel Wilson Mystery)

["Murder at the Fitzwilliam (A Daniel Wilson Mystery)\nMurder at the Fitzwilliam\n1894. After rising to prominence for his role investigating the case of Jack the Ripper alongside the formidable Inspector Abberline, Daniel Wilson has retired from the force and now works as a private enquiry agent. Having built a reputation for intelligence and integrity, Wilson is the natural choice for the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge, which finds itself in need of urgent assistance.", "Murder at the Fitzwilliam (A Daniel Wilson Mystery)\nThe remains of an ancient princess and her entourage are to be unveiled as the centrepiece of the museum\u2019s new Egyptian collection, but strange occurrences have followed their arrival in Britain: a dead body is discovered in a previously empty sarcophagus, one of the mummified bodyguards seemingly goes \u2018walkabout\u2019 and another man is found strangled to death with three-thousand-year-old bandages.", "Murder at the Fitzwilliam (A Daniel Wilson Mystery)\nAided by the talented resident archaeologist Abigail Fenton but hindered by the dismissive local police force, can Wilson unravel the mystery and preserve the reputation of the museum ahead of its public launch?", "Murder at the Fitzwilliam (A Daniel Wilson Mystery)\nJim Eldridge was born in central London towards the end of World War II, and survived attacks by V2 rockets on the Kings Cross area where he lived. In 1971 he sold his first sitcom, starring Arthur Lowe, to the BBC and had his first book commissioned. Since then he has had more than one hundred books published, with sales of over three million copies. He lives in Kent with his wife."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://domino-play.com/Games/TwistEm.htm

Twist'em Dominoes - A Gambling Domino Game Based on Pai Gow

["Twist'em Dominoes - A Gambling Domino Game Based on Pai Gow\nTwist'em Dominoes\nAlso known as Double-Hand Dominoes. This is a gambling domino game, designed to be played as a casino table game by the US casino consultancy company, Olympian Gaming. It is a variation on the Chinese domino game Pai Gow, played with a Western Double-Six domino set instead and chips or cash for wagering. It can be played by up to eight players and a dealer, and the rules and the game can be learnt and played very quickly.", "Twist'em Dominoes - A Gambling Domino Game Based on Pai Gow\nA player is chosen as the banker or the House acts as the permanent bank. The dealer shuffles the dominoes, facedown, and then deals himself and the players three tiles each. Each player then looks at their tiles and makes two hands by arranging the tiles side by side and reading the three spotted suits across them on either ends of the tiles so they have both a top and bottom hand. The top and bottom hands are formed as a pip total of the three values with the multiples of ten not included", "Twist'em Dominoes - A Gambling Domino Game Based on Pai Gow\nSo a pip total of 18 would count as an 8, and a pip total of 6 would count as just 6. Players may turn the tiles end to end to decide which suit values count towards either their top or bottom hand (which is where the name Twist'em is derived from). The top hand should be the highest total of the two and the bottom hand should be the lowest.", "Twist'em Dominoes - A Gambling Domino Game Based on Pai Gow\nOnce the players have made their two hands, they place their three tiles, facedown, in front of themselves. The dealer then turns his tiles face-up and makes his top and bottom hands. Players in turn, turn their tiles face-up and each player then wins or loses according to the following rules:\nIf both the player's hands beat both the dealer's, or one of their hands beats the dealer's and the other is equal, then the player wins, and receives his stake back plus an equal amount from the banker (evens).", "Twist'em Dominoes - A Gambling Domino Game Based on Pai Gow\nIf only one of the player's hands beats the banker's and the other loses, then it is a push, and the player takes his stake back with neither the player or the banker winning.\nIf both the dealer's hands beat both the player's, then the dealer collects the player's wager.\nIf both the player's hands are equal to the banker's, then the dealer has the advantage and collects the player's wager.\nPlayers may also make some additional bets, as follows:", "Twist'em Dominoes - A Gambling Domino Game Based on Pai Gow\nIf a player places a wager on \"Lucky Nines\", then the player wins in the following circumstances:\nIf the player and the dealer hold 4 tiles between them each bearing a total of 9 pips, then the player wins and is paid at odds of 50 to 1.\nIf the player and the dealer hold 3 tiles between them each bearing a total of 9 pips, then the player wins and is paid at odds of 5 to 1.\nIf a player places a bet on \"Double Doubles\", then the player wins in the following circumstances:", "Twist'em Dominoes - A Gambling Domino Game Based on Pai Gow\nIf the player and the dealer hold 6 double tiles between them, then the player wins and is paid at odds of 2,500 to 1.\nIf the player and the dealer hold 5 double tiles between them, then the player wins and is paid at odds of 100 to 1.\nIf the player and the dealer hold 4 double tiles between them, then the player wins and is paid at odds of 5 to 1."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.glimstedt.lt/en/publications/even-the-smallest-inaccuracy-may-render-a-guarantee-invalid/

Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid

["Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nA guarantee is one of the most frequently used securities. In the case law and in legal acts of Lithuania, 2 types of guarantees are distinguished: the conditional guarantee, where the guarantor is only liable if the debtor does not fulfil its obligation or fulfils it inappropriately (in such a case the guarantor bears secondary liability, i.e", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nto a degree not fulfilled by the debtor), and the demand guarantee, where the guarantor is liable to the creditor upon the creditor\u2019s demand to pay the amount indicated in the guarantee irrespective of the fact (i.e. without trying to clarify) whether the secured obligation has been fulfilled", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nIn the latter case, the guarantor undertakes to pay the amount specified in the guarantee without exploring the characteristics of the fulfilment of the obligation, such as whether the obligation has been at least partially fulfilled, whether it is still valid, etc.", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nThe demand guarantee is regarded as a separate obligation and its validity is, in principle, restricted only by a certain time-period, but not the existence of the principal obligation. It is often believed that the guarantee, in particular where it is an irrevocable bank demand guarantee, is an especially safe security providing the creditor with a possibility to satisfy its demand if that cannot be done by the debtor", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nUnfortunately, the practice shows that even the guarantee does not always ensure the protection of the creditor\u2019s rights, in particular where the creditor did not pay attention to its inaccuracies or its contradiction to other documents.", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nThe question of payment according to the guarantee was raised in one of the most recent cases of the Supreme Court of Lithuania where a bank, which had issued an irrevocable bank guarantee, later on refused to pay upon the creditor\u2019s demand substantiating this decision by saying that the agreement indicated in the guarantee, under which the guarantee had been issued, was different from the agreement specified in the creditor\u2019s notification", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nThe creditor explained that the dates differed because at the time of issue of the guarantee the plan had been to sign the agreement on a certain date, while later on, actually, it was concluded on a different date, even though the guarantee conditions and the very guarantee still contained the original date", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nOn the basis of the principle of separability of guarantee, the creditor tried to prove that the bank must pay the amount indicated in the guarantee without exploring the principal obligation or its validity, degree of its fulfilment or other circumstances, because the guarantor bears liability irrespective of the principal obligation", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nIn its defence, the bank used an argument that the guarantee had been issued to secure a completely different obligation and refused to provide pre-contractual documents (applications for issue of a guarantee, documents in relation to the approval of agreements, etc.) \u2013 which the creditor wanted to use to prove the fact of the mistake \u2013 for the reason of confidentiality.", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nEven though the Court of Appeal of Lithuania adopted a decision favourable to the creditor and interpreted the bank\u2019s refusal to provide information to the prejudice of the bank, the Supreme Court of Lithuania dismissed the creditor\u2019s claim", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nAccording to the Supreme Court, the laws do not provide for an obligation to indicate in the bank guarantee the obligation, with regard to which the bank undertakes liability, and its legal basis, however, the laws do not provide against the parties agreeing and specifying in the guarantee such an obligation and its legal basis", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nThis means that the bank (guarantor) and the debtor are free to agree and indicate in the guarantee not only the limits of the guarantee, but also the obligation, with regard to which the bank undertakes liability, and the legal basis for its emergence", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nThus the circumstance that the parties directly specified the obligation in the guarantee enabled the bank to verify whether the creditor\u2019s request was related to the indicated obligation and whether it was in compliance with the mandatory details of such an obligation.", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nWhile analysing the parties\u2019 arguments which were used to explain the circumstances regarding different dates of the agreement, the Court stated that the evidence to the effect that the agreement had been concluded on the date indicated by the creditor did not deny a possibility that the parties could have also entered into another agreement precisely regarding the guarantee issued by the bank", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nThe bank\u2019s refusal to provide applications submitted for the issue of guarantee was recognized as reasonable by the Supreme Court of Lithuania and the rule of unfavourable presumption was not applied with regard to the bank.", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nThis case law of the Supreme Court should draw the attention of business entities to the details while concluding several related transactions so that they draw up documents and texts of agreements more carefully, coordinate them with agreements signed in parallel, review all the transaction documentation following the signature of the transaction and adequately reflect in writing any subsequent amendments", "Even the smallest inaccuracy may render a guarantee invalid\nIn the case described above the creditor, acting as a cautious businessman, should have amended the guarantee, which had already been issued, and its conditions, and should have changed the indicated date of conclusion of the agreement, thus avoiding an unfavourable court decision."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://heritage-history.com/index.php?c=read&author=macgregor&book=france&story=calais

The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347

["The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nThe Siege of Calais\nAfter the battle of Cr\u00e9cy Edward with his victorious army marched to Calais, and laid siege to the town. Calais was on the coast, and would be a safe and convenient haven for the English when they wished to sail to France.\nIt was in September 1346 that King Edward arrived at Calais. He knew that the town was too strong to be taken by assault, but he believed that if he could starve its inhabitants they would be forced to surrender.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nSo the king prepared for a long siege, building around Calais another town, made of wood, in which he determined to live, summer and winter, until Calais was taken.\nThe governor of the besieged town was John de Vienne, He soon saw that even with great care the food in the city would not last long. So he ordered the old men, women and children, who could not fight, to leave the town.\nOne day the sad procession passed slowly out of the gates of Calais, and came to the English town.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nThe English soldiers asked them why they had left the city. 'We are poor,' they answered, 'and are either too old or too young to fight, so the governor has sent us away, for he cannot feed us during the siege.'", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nWhen King Edward heard what had befallen these hapless folk, he ordered that they should be given a good dinner. After their meal they were allowed to go away, the king first giving a two-shilling piece to each of the forlorn band, 'the which grace,' says Froissart, 'was commended as very handsome, and so indeed it was.'", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nWinter passed, spring came, and then summer, and during all these months Philip had sent no help to Calais. Famine stared the defenders of the city in the face. Sometimes fisher folk in the neighbourhood had succeeded in getting food into the town, but even this had now ceased to be possible.\nJohn de Vienne wrote in despair to King Philip, 'Everything has been eaten, cats, dogs, and horses, and we can no longer find victuals in the town, unless we eat human flesh.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\n'If we have not speedy succour, we will issue forth from the town to fight, whether to live or die, for we would rather die honourably in the field than eat one another.'\nAt length, in July 1347, Philip with a large army was seen to be approaching. How the starving folk rejoiced when they saw the banners of their king floating in the breeze. Now their hunger would soon be satisfied, now the gates of Calais would soon be flung wide open, and once again they would be free.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nBut day after day passed, and Philip could find no way to reach the town, so well were all its approaches guarded by the English king. Each day seemed a year to the starving people, yet their hopes were still centred on the king. But alas! while Philip talked of peace he found no way to reach the starving folk.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nIt had been some comfort to the people to crowd upon the walls of Calais, and look at the tents of Philip's army, where there was food in abundance, food that soon would surely be theirs. But one day in August, to the dismay of the starving folk, they saw that the tents were gone. Philip and his army were marching away from the besieged town. Then indeed the brave inhabitants of Calais were in despair. Their last hope was gone", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nTheir king had not fought a battle to save them; nay, he had not even managed to send them a little food; he had gone away and left them to their fate. Sobs and cries broke from the hearts of the desperate, starving people.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nThere was now nothing to be done but to submit to the King of England, and Sir John de Vienne tried to make terms with the victor.\nBut Edward was in no mood to make terms. The siege had lasted long, and the king had lost many brave soldiers and spent much good money while the citizens of Calais had held their city against him.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nHe sent Sir Walter de Manny to the governor of the town to say that it must be surrendered to him without any conditions, while the inhabitants were to yield themselves to him that he might do with them as he would.\n'The terms are too hard,' pleaded John de Vienne to Sir Walter. 'Go back and beg your king to have mercy upon us.'\nSo Sir Walter went back to King Edward, and besought him to grant easier terms to the brave men of Calais.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nAt first the king refused to listen, but when all his knights added their entreaties to those of Sir Walter, the king at length yielded.\n'Go then,' he said, 'and tell the governor of Calais that the greatest grace they can find in my sight is that six of the most notable burghers come forth from their town bare-headed, bare-footed, with ropes round their necks and with the keys of the town of Calais in their hands! With these will I do according to my will, and the rest I will receive to mercy.'", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nJohn de Vienne listened until Sir Walter de Manny had delivered his message, then slowly he went to the market-place, and bade that the great bell of the city be rung. As the clang of the bell, slow and solemn, fell upon the ears of the people, they hastened to the square to hear what their brave governor had to tell.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nBut when they knew the king's will, the poor starving folk wept bitterly. Even John de Vienne could no longer try to comfort them, for the tears were streaming down his own cheeks as he saw the despair of the people. Bitterly the hungry folk wept, for they deemed that there was not one, and certainly that there were not six, burghers who would give their lives to save them all from death.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nThen, so Froissart tells us, as the sobs of the people fell upon his heart, Eustace de St. Pierre, the richest burgher of the town, arose.\n'Sir,' he said to the governor, 'it would be a great pity to leave this people to die by famine or otherwise. . . . I have great hope to find favour in the eyes of our Lord if I die to save this people.'", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nWhen the people heard these words they threw themselves at the feet of the good man, weeping for joy. Then slowly, one after another, five other burghers stepped forward, and offered to give up their lives for the sake of the other citizens of Calais.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nOn the 5th August 1347 St. Pierre with five burghers noble as himself, bare-headed, bare-footed, with ropes round their necks, and the city keys in their hands, walked along the streets of Calais, followed by the tears and blessings of the starving folk they were leaving behind.\nWhen they reached the gates they were thrown open, and the six burghers passed bravely out to their doom.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nAs King Edward gazed upon these men in their pitiful guise, he grew angry, remembering his own good soldiers who had perished during the long siege, and he ordered that the six burghers should at once be beheaded.\nThe king's knights begged him to be merciful, but Edward only bade them be silent and do his will.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nSir Walter de Manny dared yet again to plead that the burghers' lives might be spared. 'Gentle sir,' he said to the king, 'you have renown for gentleness and nobleness, be pleased to do nought whereby it may be diminished.'\nBut the king turned upon the knight furiously, saying, 'Sir Walter, hold your peace. Let them fetch my headsman.'", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nThen his wife, Queen Philippa, fell at her lord's feet. 'Ah, gentle sir,' she cried, 'I pray you humbly, as a special boon, for the sake of Holy Mary's Son and for the love of me, you will please to have mercy on these six men.'", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nAs he looked at the queen bending at his feet, the king's heart at last grew kind, and he answered, 'Ha, dame, I had much rather you had been elsewhere than here. But you pray me such prayers that I dare not refuse you, and though it irks me to do so, there, I give them up to you; do with them as you will.'", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nGladly Queen Philippa thanked her lord. Then rising to her feet she speedily led the six burghers to her own rooms. Here they were clothed in clean robes and given a good dinner, for well the queen knew that for many months they had had nought to eat save only enough to keep them alive. Then the brave burghers were sent safely back to the people for whom they had dared so much.\nCalais now belonged to the English, and for more than two hundred years it remained an English stronghold.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nPhilip had suffered heavy losses during the war, and in 1347, when the siege of Calais was over, he was glad to agree to a truce with England for ten years.\nThus, for a time, France was delivered from war. But a terrible calamity, as bad as war itself, overtook her in 1348, for the plague called the Black Death, which had already been causing havoc in Italy, reached France.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nMen, women and children were stricken down in a day by the dread disease. And there were few who dared to tend the sick, lest they too should catch the terrible illness. Only a few monks and nuns went bravely in and out among the dying people, carrying with them for protection nought save the Cross of Christ.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nFor two long years the Black Death claimed its victims. Then, in 1350, it gradually disappeared, and men, women and children were able once again to do their work, to play their games, without fear clutching at their hearts lest they should be the next to be smitten with the Black Death.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nWhile the Black Death still raged, the lord of Dauphiny, chastened it may be by fear of the terrible plague, determined to go into a monastery. He therefore sold his land to Philip, on condition that it should never be joined to the crown of France, but should always belong to the eldest son of the king. From this time, therefore, the eldest son of the French king always bore the title of the Dauphin, and ruled over the land which had once belonged to the lord of Dauphiny.", "The Siege of Calais, 1346-1347\nPhilip, like other kings of whom you have read, was often in need of money, and to procure it he had put heavy taxes on his subjects. Before his death he imposed a new tax on salt, called Gabelle. This tax was bitterly resented by the poor people both now and in later years.\nIn 1350 Philip the Fortunate died. And you have seen for yourselves that never was a less fitting name found for any king than the one the people bestowed on Philip of Valois."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.uwp.edu/explore/news/borland.cfm

Doctor-Patient Become International Friends

["Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nHome > Explore/UWP Information > News > Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nDoctor-Patient Become International Friends\nBy: Kristin Crowe", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nOctober 11, 2002, seemed like an ordinary night for Rodney Borland as he got ready to close his parents' grocery store in Punta Gorda, Belize. As he went through his regular activities, a man with a stocking over his face entered the store and demanded that Rodney give him all of the money in the drawer. Rodney was fearful and thought about his own safety as well as the safety of his mother and little brother, who were upstairs watching television", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nHe stayed in place until the man made his demands for a second time. As Rodney stepped toward the cash register to empty the drawer, the robber flinched and fired the gun. Rodney heard a gunshot and fell backwards, hitting his head on the freezer. When he landed on the ground, the robber ran out of the store in fear and Rodney, who felt a blinding pain in his chest, tried to assess how much damage had been done to his body.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nKnowing his mother and brother were at home, Rodney tried calling to get their help but his voice was barely audible and no one could hear him. Blood was now covering Rodney's chest, and he was unable to move, but he tried one last time to get their attention, and he succeeded.\nHis mother desperately called for help, and a nurse who happened to be passing by came in and applied pressure to Rodney's chest to try to stop the bleeding.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nThe bullet broke two of Rodney's ribs, punctured his right lung, and severed his spine. As a result of the injuries, Rodney is a paraplegic and has to use a voice amplifying device to speak.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nWhile all of this was happening to Rodney, Dr. Nick Akgulian, a University of Wisconsin-Parkside alumnus, was using his vacation time at Hillside Clinic just outside of Punta Gorda, where Rodney was being treated. \"It was on one of these short visits that I met Rodney,\" Dr. Nick explains. \"I was accompanying a Hillside nurse on a home visit to check on Rodney's recovery.\"\nDr. Nick Akgulian, left, and Rodney Borland", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nRodney had a pressure ulcer on his lower back, which immediately became life-threatening. Nurse Patricia, who ran Hillside Clinic at the time, helped arrange for Rodney to be transported to Columbia St. Mary's Hospital in Milwaukee, where Hillside's board of directors was based, so that he could receive a number of necessary surgeries. Rodney spent a lot of time during 2003-2004 in Milwaukee with a foster family who helped him through much of the recovery. During this time, Dr", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nA friendship develops\nOnce Rodney returned to Belize, he and Dr. Nick, along with the rest of Rodney's family, formed a strong relationship through personal visits, clinic work, and by lobbying the government to make the local Punta Gorda university handicapped accessible. Dr. Nick returned to Racine in 2005, but visited Belize multiple times each year since then.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nDespite his disability, Rodney attended and graduated high school with honors from the science department. He earned the highest honors in physics, information technology, and literature. In 2009, Rodney was accepted at the University of Belize with a merit-based scholarship to pursue a bachelor's degree in information technology. But in 2012, Rodney had to leave school for additional surgery on his back", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nDuring that time, his scholarship ended, making it financially difficult for Rodney to return to school after his recovery. In 2014, Rodney suffered another great loss, his mother passed away due to kidney failure \u2013 Rodney calls her his biggest supporter. He says that he felt like his world had collapsed around him but he knew that he could not give up.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\n\"Despite his potentially devastating setbacks, Rodney has held an amazing optimism and warm spirit and has no bitterness,\" says Dr. Nick. During one of his visits to Belize in 2014, Dr. Nick suggested that Rodney apply to UW-Parkside. He explained that Parkside's small population would be a great fit for Rodney and that it would be extremely beneficial for him to be able to get to his classes without having to leave the building. Dr", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nNick was confident that Rodney would succeed at Parkside, especially with access to supportive faculty and staff. Rodney applied, and once he was accepted, he, his father, and Dr. Nick worked together to devise a plan to make Rodney's arrival at the university in August 2015 an easy one.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nWhen Rodney arrived at Parkside, he was pleasantly surprised at how easy it was to get around. In Belize, it was very difficult to go about his day-to-day activities. The buildings and walkways there are not designed for people using a wheelchair. Life in the United States has been far easier.\nRodney says he is impressed with all of the accommodations available for people with disabilities.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nOn a typical day, Rodney goes from Pike River Suites to school and then back to his suite when class is over. He prefers to study alone, in his room, in peace and quiet. He says it's nothing against the people here, he just produces his best thoughts when he is alone. Rodney says that the people on campus and in the community are very friendly and if there is ever a problem getting around, there is always someone who is willing to help.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nWhen Rodney is not studying, he loves to go to the Parkside Den and play pool. Last November, Rodney won the 8-ball tournament in the Den and hopes there will be another tournament this semester.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nRodney says another benefit of his move to Parkside is a stronger friendship with Dr. Nick. \"When we have free time we go to basketball games here at Parkside, watch football, or play billiards or poker \u2013 just guy stuff,\" Rodney said. Obviously, Dr. Nick has been a great influence in Rodney's life. He has been both a friend and a mentor and Rodney says he appreciates everything Dr. Nick has done for him.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nHe also appreciates the overwhelming support he has received while living here at Parkside. Life in Belize with a disability such as his is not easy by any means. He speaks of the transition to Parkside as easy and extremely welcoming. Rodney is excited to one day return to his home country and try to implement changes he says are needed to make living with a disability a little bit easier.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nWhen Rodney was 22 (he is now 27), his father and some of his family members encouraged him to consider running for mayor. While Rodney was very interested in the idea of being the mayor of his home town, he was not ready to take that step. \"That is something that I would now love to pursue when I return,\" he said. Rodney says he could see running for an even higher office in the future.", "Doctor-Patient Become International Friends\nRodney never believed that he would be where he is today studying at Parkside and has every intention of staying to finish his education. That is, if he can get used to the cold weather. Rodney's tuition has been covered for the remainder of the spring 2016 semester. He is trying to raise money for the years to follow. Anyone interested in supporting Rodney can do so at his GoFundMe page."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://hiddenwatersblog.wordpress.com/tag/gill-creek/

Gill Creek

["Gill Creek\nThe public works portfolio of Robert Moses is associated mostly with New York City and its suburbs. But on the map there are a couple of places on the state\u2019s map where his name appears: a State Park in the Thousand Islands, and until 2019, a parkway along the Niagara River. His name was removed because the present generation no longer regards his heavy-handed tactics as positive. In the Niagara region, Moses designed a hydroelectric plant and reservoir that took land away from the Native Tuscarora Nation", "Gill Creek\nThe Native people lost 550 acres to the reservoir, which does not have a name on most maps. Moses proposed it as the Tuscarora Reservoir in his plans, but the Natives likely were offended to have the land taken, flooded, and then named after them. Gill Creek was reduced to a ditch that flows around the perimeter of the reservoir on its way to the Niagara River. Naming the reservoir after Robert Moses also would have caused offense to the Natives"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.bestmoviesbyfarr.com/movies/a-decade-under-the-influence/2003

A Decade Under the Influence

["A Decade Under the Influence\nBack in the late '60s and through the following decade, a group of young turks with names like Scorsese, Coppola, Altman, Schrader, and Ashby remade Hollywood in their own image, fusing counterculture values (sex, drugs, and rock and roll!) with the bleak poetics of European art cinema. But why did stodgy studio types let these ragamuffin renegades have free rein of the industry? How did unconventional films like \"Chinatown,\" \"Taxi Driver,\" and \"The Conversation\" ever get made", "A Decade Under the Influence\nPacked with clips and more insider anecdotes than you'd find in an entire year's worth of gossip magazines, this outrageously fun documentary revisits a time when all the rules of studio filmmaking were tossed out the window", "A Decade Under the Influence\nFrom the antics of an acid-crazed Dennis Hopper on the set of \"Easy Rider\" to the unparalleled decadence of Paramount's Robert Evans, this film delivers the dirt on how a golden age in moviemaking came and went in one wildly productive decade, then came to a crashing halt with the advent of the big-budget blockbuster. \"Decade\" is catnip for all cinephiles."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://ritapapazian.com/columns/Boston_Strong.htm

Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers

["Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nNorwalk Citizen News\nI suppose we're all looking for the \"take-away\" from the Boston Marathon. What observations, lessons, thoughts, ideas, etc. do we take away from the tense tragic event and the aftermath of the twin-bombings near the finish-line? The bombs killed three spectators, including an 8-year-old boy, and days later led to the \"assassination\" of a rookie MIT security police officer, sitting in his car, during the mayhem that followed the bombings.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nNow, a week or so later, I come away with two major observations. First is the awe-inspiring cooperation among local, state and federal law enforcement that resulted in the death of one suspect and the capture of the other. My second observation is the significant role the public, the media, social media and high-tech capabilities played in law enforcement's ultimate identification of the suspects and their final apprehension.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nThe bombings, manhunt and apprehension of the suspects left us riveted to our seats as we watched events unfold in real time right before our eyes. Here, in Fairfield County, last Friday our eyes turned focused on the sky as helicopters hovered above the railroad tracks when law enforcement, following what turned out to be a false lead, stopped and searched an Amtrak Acela train in Norwalk bound for Washington D.C., looking for 19-year-old Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, the younger of the two brothers", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nHe had alluded police following the shootout and subsequent death of his brother Tamerlan. Another Metro-North train was searched in Darien.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nAs we had come to learn following a lead from an observant Watertown, Mass., resident, Dzhokhar was discovered bleeding from a gunshot wound to the throat, holed up inside a small runabout boat covered with a tarp that was on a hitch in a driveway. Reportedly the resident -- who was among others in the 20-square-block area that had been told to stay indoors during the manhunt -- went outside to have a cigarette and saw a trail of blood leading to the boat. He called 911", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nLaw enforcement flew a specially-equipped airplane with X-ray capabilities to transmit a picture right through the tarp revealing the suspect inside the boat. Then, police responded with assistance from a mechanical arm protruding from something that looked like a tank that lifted up the tarp.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nRiveting is the one word that keeps coming to mind as I watched and followed the events as they kept unfolding. Some of the events that occurred during the hunt for these two suspects were just too unbelievable. For example, the brothers had hijacked a car, drove the driver around for about 30 minutes during which time they announced to him that they were the bombers. Then, they released the driver on the road", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nIt was reported that the driver had left his cell phone in the car and police were able to keep track of the car through the cell phone.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nDuring the shootout between the two brothers and police, the elder brother, Tamerlan, finally was stopped by police bullets and fell to the ground. His brother reportedly jumped from the passenger seat into the driver's seat, put the car in reverse to escape police and in doing so ran over his brother who was declared dead when he was transported to the hospital.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nAfter watching for many hours a day, these often bizarre and very scary events, I sought relief. I went to the Garden Cinema and saw \"The Sapphires,\" starring Chris O'Dowd. If anyone can take your mind off such senseless human tragedy it is this Irish comedian/actor O'Dowd, who many of you may recall from his role as the police officer in the movie \"Bridesmaids.\"", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nO'Dowd plays a talent manager in \"The Sapphires.\" Based on a true story, he meets a quartet of Aboriginal young girls from Australia whom he takes to Vietnam to perform for the American troops during the war. Amid the crossfire of war and racial prejudice, not only in their homeland of Australia but on the frontline in Southeast Asia, the girls channel the \"Supremes,\" as they perform songs from the a '60s hitlist.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nWhile \"The Sapphires\" is a very entertaining movie that puts a smile on your face, it also introduces us to the great racial divide in Australia that had been hidden from many of us all those years ago. My having just watched and listened to the prolonged bursts of gunfire between police and the Boston bombing suspects, it became a little eerie to watch the war scenes that formed the backdrop for the stage where the Sapphires showcased their singing talents.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nTony Briggs, the son of one of the Sapphires, is co-screenwriter. In a recent interview he said that the movie \"captures a world and experience largely unknown to the audience, one filled with beauty and song.\"", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nI contemplate that statement this week as I reflect upon the tragedy that took place in Boston. We are still trying to understand why two immigrant brothers who spent much of their lives growing up and receiving their education in the United States, would be responsible for the deaths and maiming of innocent people. The reason is still unknown.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nYet, in the aftermath of such destruction indeed comes \"beauty and song\" within a city still reeling, at memorial services and ball games, where heroes that emerged from the tragedy have been celebrated. Boston and its residents are resolved to rise again, Boston strong.", "Boston Strong: Reflections on Cooperation and Technology in the Hunt for the Boston Marathon Bombers\nThere was an off moment of levity at the end of the ordeal. Once the second suspect was captured and the Watertown neighborhood could come out of their houses without any worry, residents stood along the street cheering the scores of police cars and FBI vehicles retreating from the neighborhood. They cheered, whistled and hooted out praises. One law enforcement officer behind a wheel of a vehicle driving by responded to the crowd by shouting out through his public adddress system, \"It's been our pleasure.\""]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.fox29.com/news/virginia-victims-had-150-years-of-combined-service-with-city

Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city

["Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nVirginia victims had 150 years of combined service with city\nOfficials identify 12 shot and killed in Virginia Beach\nFOX 29's Lauren Johnson has more on the Virginia Beach mass shooting with left 12 people dead.\nVIRGINIA BEACH, Va. - The 12 people who were fatally shot in a Virginia Beach government building were remembered Saturday during a somber news conference and prayer vigil as officials sought to put the focus on those who died and not the gunman.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nPolice Chief James Cervera identified the assailant as DeWayne Craddock, who was employed for 15 years as an engineer with the city's utilities department. He declined to comment on a motive for Friday's rampage, which ended with Craddock's death in a gun battle with police. City officials uttered his name just once and said they would not mention it again.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nCity Manager Dave Hansen said he had worked for years with many of the dead, 11 of whom were city employees. The 12th was a contractor trying to get a permit.\nTheir names and photos were projected on a screen as Hansen read aloud biographical information that included their hometowns and years of service.\n\"They leave a void that we will never be able to fill,\" he said.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nChaplains and family assistance workers worked through the night to notify relatives - a job that Hansen described as \"the most difficult task anyone will ever have to do.\"\nOne of the dead employees had worked for the city for 41 years. Six worked in the same department as Craddock, though authorities have declined to say if anyone was specifically targeted or if the suspect had issued threats before. The victims were found throughout the building, on three floors, police said.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nAuthorities have said Craddock opened fire indiscriminately. Four other people were wounded, including a police officer whose bulletproof vest saved his life.\nThe suspect was armed with a .45-caliber handgun with a noise suppressor, police said. Cervera said Saturday that more weapons were found at the scene and at his home.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nTwo law enforcement officials told The Associated Press that the gunman made multiple legal firearm purchases recently, and the guns recovered at the scene were purchased legally. The officials were not authorized to discuss an ongoing investigation publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nThe building was open to the public, but security passes were required to enter inner offices, conference rooms and other work areas. As a current employee, Craddock would have had the pass to enter the inner offices, Hansen said.\nAsked how secure the building was, the police chief said that government buildings must balance access with security.\n\"It's an open government building. Citizens have the right to access open government buildings. Employees have a right to access their work site,\" he said.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nCraddock, 40, was a professional engineer who had graduated from Denbigh High School in nearby Newport News in 1996 and joined the Army National Guard, according to a newspaper clip from the time. He received basic military training and advanced individual training at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. He later graduated from Old Dominion University with a bachelor's degree in civil engineering.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nThe 11 city employees who were killed were identified as Tara Welch Gallagher, Mary Louise Gayle, Alexander Mikhail Gusev, Katherine A. Nixon, Ryan Keith Cox, Joshua A. Hardy and Michelle \"Missy\" Langer, all of Virginia Beach; Laquita C. Brown and Robert \"Bobby\" Williams, both of Chesapeake; and Richard H. Nettleton of Norfolk and Christopher Kelly Rapp of Powhatan. The 12th victim, Herbert \"Bert\" Snelling of Virginia Beach, was a contractor filling a permit.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nCraddock appeared to have had no felony record, which would have made him eligible to purchase guns.\nJoseph Scott, an engineering technician with the department of public works, said he had worked with Craddock before and had a brief interaction with him Friday. Scott said he saw him in the men's restroom about five minutes before the shooting.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\n\"He was in there brushing his teeth, which he always did after he ate,\" Scott said. \"I said 'Hey, how you doing? What are you doing this weekend?' It was just a brief conversation.\"\nScott said he left for the day right after and learned of the shooting when a co-worker and then his son called him asking if he was OK.\n\"I couldn't believe that it happened,\" he said.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nScott said he worked in a different division from Craddock, whom he described as quiet, polite and a \"nice guy.\" Scott said he thought Craddock was in good standing at work and had never heard negative reports about him.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nScott was among about 200 people who attended a Saturday prayer vigil for those killed. The crowd included city workers, community leaders and residents who just wanted to offer hugs and condolences. Many people openly sobbed or dabbed their eyes with tissues. Gov. Ralph Northam also attended.\n\"We grieve with you,\" Northam said. \"We are all in this together.\"\nScott said he, his wife and several other people prayed for the shooter.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\n\"He was a human too, and his family is hurting too,\" Scott said. \"He's not evil ... he was just another guy who had problems.\"\nCraddock's neighbors said police swarmed the neighborhood of modest townhomes Friday in Virginia Beach. Some said he had lived there for at least 10 years.\nSeveral neighbors said Craddock was a clean-cut member of the neighborhood association board whose wife had left him some years ago.", "Virginia Beach shooting: Victims remembered as having 150 years of combined service with city\nAssociated Press writers Regina Garcia Cano, Michael Biesecker, Michael Balsamo and Eric Tucker in Washington, D.C.; Denise Lavoie and Michael Kunzelman in Virginia Beach, Virginia; and Jonathan Drew in Durham, North Carolina, contributed to this report.\nOfficials: South Philadelphia barricade situation ends with 1 man in custody"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/58/studies/32723?keyword%5B0%5D=HIV&sortBy=7&archive=SAMHDA&dataFormat%5B0%5D=SDA&paging.startRow=1

National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS), 2010 (ICPSR 32723) Alternate Title: N-SSATS, 2010 United States Department of Health and Human Services. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Center for Behavioral Heal

["th Statistics and Quality.", "\nThe National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) is designed to collect information from all facilities in the United States, both public and private, that provide substance abuse treatment. N-SSATS provides the mechanism for quantifying the dynamic character and composition of the United States substance abuse treatment delivery system. The objectives of N-SSATS are to collect multipurpose data that can be used to assist the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administ..", "\nThe National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) is designed to collect information from all facilities in the United States, both public and private, that provide substance abuse treatment. N-SSATS provides the mechanism for quantifying the dynamic character and composition of the United States substance abuse treatment delivery system", "\nThe objectives of N-SSATS are to collect multipurpose data that can be used to assist the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) and state and local governments in assessing the nature and extent of services provided and in forecasting treatment resource requirements, to update SAMHSA's Inventory of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (I-SATS), to analyze general treatment services trends, and to generate the National Directory of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Programs and its online equivalent, the Substance Abuse Treatment Facility Locator.Data are collected on topics including facility operation, services offered (assessment, testing, transitional, ancillary, and pharmacotherapies), detoxification, primary focus (substance abuse, mental health, both, general health, and other), Opioid Treatment Programs and medication dispensed/prescribed, counseling and therapeutic approaches, standard operating procedures, special programs/groups offered, languages in which treatment is", "\nOpioid Treatment Programs and medication dispensed/prescribed, counseling and therapeutic approaches, standard operating procedures, special programs/groups offered, languages in which treatment is provided, type of treatment provided (hospital inpatient, residential, outpatient), number of clients (by service, total, and under age 18), number of beds, types of payment accepted, sliding fee scale, and facility accreditation and licensure/certification.", "\nNational Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) Series\nThis study is currently not available. Additional information may be available in Data Collection Notes.\nData were collected by Mathematica Policy Research, Inc., Princeton, NJ, and prepared for release by Synectics for Management Decisions, Inc., Arlington, VA.", "\nN-SSATS is a point-prevalence survey. It provides information on the substance abuse treatment system and its clients on the reference date (March 31, 2010). Client counts do not represent annual totals. Rather, N-SSATS provides a \"snapshot\" of substance abuse treatment facilities and clients on an average day.\nN-SSATS collects data about facilities, not individual clients. Data on clients represent an aggregate of clients in treatment for each reporting facility.", "\nN-SSATS attempts to obtain responses from all known treatment and prevention facilities, but it is a voluntary survey. There is no adjustment for the approximately five percent facility nonresponse.\nTo protect the privacy of respondents, financial data originally collected have been removed from the public use file. These modifications should not affect most analytic uses of the public use file.", "\nFor users who wish to calculate client counts and admissions, instructions are available on the N-SSATS Series page and at How to calculate N-SSATS client counts and admissions using SDA.", "\nUnited States Department of Health and Human Services. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS), 2010. ICPSR32723-v3. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2014-04-25. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR32723.v3", "\nSubject Terms: alcohol abuse, drug abuse, drug treatment, health care services, HIV, intervention, substance abuse, substance abuse treatment, treatment facilities, treatment programs\nDate of Collection: 2010-03-31--2010-10-18\nSample: The Inventory of Substance Abuse Treatment Services", "\n(I-SATS) provides the sampling frame for N-SSATS. Two categories of treatment facilities in I-SATS may be distinguished. The largest group of facilities includes those that are licensed, certified, or otherwise approved by the state substance abuse agency to provide substance abuse treatment. The second group represents the SAMHSA effort in recent years to make I-SATS as comprehensive as possible by", "\nincluding treatment facilities that state substance abuse agencies, for a variety of reasons, do not license or certify. Many of these facilities are private, for-profit, small group practices, or hospital-based programs.\nMode of Data Collection: mail questionnaire, telephone interview, web-based survey", "\nResponse Rates: N-SSATS questionnaires were mailed to a total of 17,204 facilities believed to be actively providing substance abuse treatment services. Of these facilities, 11 percent were found to be ineligible for the survey because they had closed or did not provide substance abuse treatment or detoxification on March 31, 2010. Of the remaining 15,390 facilities, 14,060 facilities (91.4 percent) completed the survey", "\nHowever, 369 of these facilities were reported by another facility and no facility information was received from the facility itself, and an additional 352 facilities reported client counts included in or \"rolled into\" other facilities' counts and whose facility characteristics were not reported separately. Therefore, the final sample size was 13,339 (86.7 percent)", "\nThe percentage of respondents who completed the survey via the mail was 26.0 percent, while 12.9 percent completed the survey via telephone, and 61.1 percent completed the survey using a Web-based questionnaire.", "\n2014-04-25 This study update was done in order to remove the geographic variables of County, MSA, and CBSA.\n2013-11-27 Updated ddi file to include variable-level groupings.\n2012-01-12 Updated the Terms of Use found in the documentation files.\nStein, Bradley D., Gordon, Adam J., Dick, Andrew W., Burns, Rachel M., Pacula, Rosalie Liccardo, Farmer, Carrie M., Leslie, Douglas L., Sorbero, Mark\nSupply of buprenorphine waivered physicians: The influence of state policies. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment.", "\nAnderson, Matthew, Krakowiecki, Melissa, Vittoriano, Larry, CyBulski, Karen, Alderks, Cathie\nNew Reminder Methods Can Boost Establishment Survey\nResponse Rates. Mathematica Policy Research Issue Brief.\nPrinceton, NJ: Mathematica.\nBehavioral Health Statistics and Quality\nTrends in the Use of Methadone and Buprenorphine at Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities: 2003 to 2011. N-SSATS Report.\nDavis, Kimberly Diane", "\nAvailability of Treatment Services for Veterans State by State: A National Problem. Dissertation, Walden University.\nGuerrero, Erick, Kao, Dennis\nRacial/ethnic minority and low-income hotspots and their geographic proximity to integrated care providers. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy.\n83, (34), 34\nShields, Joseph, Delany, Peter, Smith, Kelley", "\nOrganizational Factors Associated with the Use of Evidenced-Based Practices in Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment Progams. The Society for Social work and Research 2013 Annual Conference.\nSan Diego, CA.\nSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality\nA Day in the Life of American Adolescents: Substance Use Facts Update. CBHSQ Report.\nNew respondent reminder methods and the effects on response rate for an establishment survey. .", "\nGuerrero, E.G., Kao, D., Perron, B.E.\nTravel distance to outpatient substance use disorder treatment facilities for Spanish-speaking clients. International Journal of Drug Policy.\nDOI Worldcat\tGoogle Scholar\tExport Options: RIS/EndNote Utilities"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/300ff-38?quicktabs_8=0

U.S. Code › Title 42 › Chapter 6A › Subchapter XXIV › Part B › Subpart iii › § 300ff–38 42 U.S. Code § 300ff–38 - Grants for partner notification programs In general In the case of States whose laws or regulations are in accordance with subsection (b) of

["this section, the Secretary, subject to subsection (c)(2) of this section, may make grants to the States for carrying out programs to provide partner counseling and referral services.", "\nDescription of compliant State programs For purposes of subsection (a) of this section, the laws or regulations of a State are in accordance with this subsection if under such laws or regulations (including programs carried out pursuant to the discretion of State officials) the following policies are in effect:", "\nThe State requires that the public health officer of the State carry out a program of partner notification to inform partners of individuals with HIV/AIDS that the partners may have been exposed to the disease.", "\nIn the case of a health entity that provides for the performance on an individual of a test for HIV/AIDS, or that treats the individual for the disease, the State requires, subject to subparagraph (B), that the entity confidentially report the positive test results to the State public health officer in a manner recommended and approved by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, together with such additional information as may be necessary for carrying out such program.", "\nThe State may provide that the requirement of subparagraph (A) does not apply to the testing of an individual for HIV/AIDS if the individual underwent the testing through a program designed to perform the test and provide the results to the individual without the individual disclosing his or her identity to the program. This subparagraph may not be construed as affecting the requirement of subparagraph (A) with respect to a health entity that treats an individual for HIV/AIDS.", "\nThe program under paragraph (1) is carried out in accordance with the following:\nPartners are provided with an appropriate opportunity to learn that the partners have been exposed to HIV/AIDS, subject to subparagraph (B).\nThe State does not inform partners of the identity of the infected individuals involved.", "\nCounseling and testing for HIV/AIDS are made available to the partners and to infected individuals, and such counseling includes information on modes of transmission for the disease, including information on prenatal and perinatal transmission and preventing transmission.", "\nCounseling of infected individuals and their partners includes the provision of information regarding therapeutic measures for preventing and treating the deterioration of the immune system and conditions arising from the disease, and the provision of other prevention-related information.\nReferrals for appropriate services are provided to partners and infected individuals, including referrals for support services and legal aid.", "\nNotifications under subparagraph (A) are provided in person, unless doing so is an unreasonable burden on the State.\nThere is no criminal or civil penalty on, or civil liability for, an infected individual if the individual chooses not to identify the partners of the individual, or the individual does not otherwise cooperate with such program.", "\nThe failure of the State to notify partners is not a basis for the civil liability of any health entity who under the program reported to the State the identity of the infected individual involved.\nThe State provides that the provisions of the program may not be construed as prohibiting the State from providing a notification under subparagraph (A) without the consent of the infected individual involved.", "\nThe State annually reports to the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention the number of individuals from whom the names of partners have been sought under the program under paragraph (1), the number of such individuals who provided the names of partners, and the number of partners so named who were notified under the program.", "\nThe State cooperates with such Director in carrying out a national program of partner notification, including the sharing of information between the public health officers of the States.", "\nReporting system for cases of HIV/AIDS; preference in making grants In making grants under subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary shall give preference to States whose reporting systems for cases of HIV/AIDS produce data on such cases that is sufficiently accurate and reliable for use for purposes of section 300ff\u201328\n(a)(2)(D)(i) of this title.", "\nAuthorization of appropriations For the purpose of carrying out this section, there is authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2007 through 2009.\n(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title XXVI, \u00a7 2631, as added Pub. L. 106\u2013345, title II, \u00a7 221,Oct. 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 1343; amended Pub. L. 109\u2013415, title II, \u00a7 210, title VII, \u00a7\u00a7 702(3), 703,Dec. 19, 2006, 120 Stat. 2803, 2820; Pub. L. 111\u201387, \u00a7 2(a)(1), (3)(A),Oct. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 2885.)", "\n2009\u2014Pub. L. 111\u201387repealed Pub. L. 109\u2013415, \u00a7 703, and revived the provisions of this section as in effect on Sept. 30, 2009. See 2006 Amendment note and Effective Date of 2009 Amendment; Revival of Section note below.\n2006\u2014Pub. L. 109\u2013415, \u00a7 703, which directed repeal of this section effective Oct. 1, 2009, was itself repealed by Pub. L. 111\u201387, \u00a7 2(a)(1), effective Sept. 30, 2009.\nSubsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 109\u2013415, \u00a7 702(3), substituted \u201cHIV/AIDS\u201d for \u201cHIV disease\u201d wherever appearing.", "\nSubsec. (d). Pub. L. 109\u2013415, \u00a7 210, substituted \u201cthere is authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2007 through 2009.\u201d for \u201cthere are authorized to be appropriated $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2001, and such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2002 through 2005.\u201d\nEffective Date of 2009 Amendment; Revival of Section", "\nFor provisions that repeal by section 2(a)(1) ofPub. L. 111\u201387of section 703 ofPub. L. 109\u2013415be effective Sept. 30, 2009, and that the provisions of this section as in effect on Sept. 30, 2009, be revived, see section 2(a)(2), (3)(A) ofPub. L. 111\u201387, set out as a note under section 300ff\u201311 of this title."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.molloy.edu/news-and-events/news-archive/american-idol-and-x-factor-performers-to-star-in-madison-theatre-musical

• Article American Idol and X-Factor performers to star in Madison Theatre musical "From My Hometown" to play February 2-5

["", "\nMatthew Johnson, a recent contestant on \"The X Factor,\" has studied with the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre and also created arrangements for performers on the Grammy awards. Todrick Hall is a Texas native who made it to the round of 16 on the 9th season of \"American Idol.\" Chicago actor Jonathan Butler has performed with several leading regional theatres, including the Actors Theatre of Louisville and Milwaukee Repertory Theatre.", "\n\"From My Hometown,\" a rags-to-riches celebration of the American dream, features three soul singers who pack their bags and leave their hometowns for the world-famous Apollo Theatre. Each seeks escape from poverty, leaving behind family and a hometown sweetheart. The show features classic R&B hits that include \"(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay,\" \"Working in a Coal Mine,\" \"Lonely Teardrops,\" \"Try a Little Tenderness,\" and many more.", "\nPerformances are Feb 2-4 at 8 p.m., Feb 4 at 2 p.m. and Feb 5 at 3 p.m. Tickets can be purchased by phone (516-678-5000, ext. 7715) or online at madisontheatreny.org. Special student pricing and group rates are available for this show, the first musical produced at the Madison Theatre.\nThe Madison Theatre at Molloy College, a new 550-seat performing arts center, opened in November with a Gala performance hosted by comedian Martin Short."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.njit.edu/news/stories.php?tag=campus%20climate%20challenge

Stories Tagged with "campus climate challenge" Home » News 2007 - 1 story2007 NJIT Community Attends Screening of An Inconvenient Truth NJIT joined hundreds of colleges and universities across the U.S. yesterday in a campus screening of An Inconvenient Tr

["uth, the highly acclaimed documentary on the risks of human-caused climate change. The event was part of a nationwide initiative coordinated by the Campus Climate Challenge. >>"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.uhv.edu/car/newswire/release.asp?id=19

Archives | News Releases | UHV Home Date: October 26, 2005 Contact: Paula Cobler, 361-570-4350

["", "\nShare: UHV Hosts Victoria Ethics Alliance Luncheon On Advanced Directives Recent media attention on end-of-life issues has peaked interest in advanced directives that outline an individual\ufffds medical wishes in the case of debilitating illness or unexpected injury. To provide information on this topic, the University of Houston-Victoria (UHV) will host a Victoria Ethics Alliance (VEA) presentation titled \ufffdLegal Aspects of Advanced Directives\ufffd at noon on Monday, November 7, in the UHV Multi Purpose Room.", "\nThe presentation is open to local members of the health care profession, including nurses, social workers and psychologists, as well as any community members interested in learning more about the Texas Advanced Directives Act.", "\nAfter the presentation covering end-of-life issues and how advanced directives can help ensure medical wishes are met, members of the VEA will be available to answer questions and aid attendees in completing their own advanced directives should they choose to do so. Although advanced directives are most immediately useful for older adults, everyone can benefit from having one on file with their physician.", "\nA light lunch will be provided by the UHV Office of Professional Development. For a nominal fee, attendees may also receive continuing education credits for their participation in the program.\nThose interested in attending the presentation can reserve a seat by calling (361) 575-7441. For more information on this luncheon or other UHV continuing education programs, contact Sharon Long in the Office of Professional Development at (361) 570-4383.", "\nThe University of Houston-Victoria, located in the heart of the Coastal Bend region, offers courses leading to more than 65 bachelor\ufffds and master\ufffds degree programs and concentrations in the schools of Arts & Sciences, Business Administration, Education & Human Development, and Nursing. UHV provides face-to-face classes at its Victoria campus as well as teaching sites in Fort Bend, Harris and Montgomery counties, and online classes that students can take from anywhere", "\nSince its founding in 1973, UHV has provided students with a quality university education from excellent faculty at an affordable price."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://bk.psu.edu/Information/News/Archive/33115.htm

Chemistry Café to address water stewardship and conservation

["", "\nPenn State Berks will hold a series of Chemistry Caf\u00e9s to celebrate locally the International Year of Chemistry, a worldwide celebration of the achievements of chemistry and its contributions to the well-being of humankind. During second event, Kate O\u2019Brien, Watershed Specialist and Environmental Educator with the Berks County Conservation District, will present \u201cWater: Stewardship and Conservation\u201d on Thursday, May 19, 2011, at 6 p.m. at the GoggleWorks Center for the Arts, 201 Washington Street, Reading", "\nAs the IYC 2011 Coordinator for the Lehigh Valley Section of the American Chemical Society, Dr. Lorena Tribe, Associate Professor of Chemistry at Penn State Berks, will organize a series of Science Caf\u00e9s held locally to participate in the celebration.", "\nUnder the unifying theme \u201cChemistry\u2014our life, our future,\u201d IYC 2011 will offer a range of interactive, entertaining, and educational activities for all ages. The Year of Chemistry is intended to reach across the globe, with opportunities for public participation at the local, regional, and national level.", "\nThe goals of this year\u2019s events are to increase the public appreciation of chemistry in meeting world needs, to encourage interest in chemistry among young people, and to generate enthusiasm for creative future chemistry.\nFor more information, contact Tribe at 610-396-6187 or via e-mail at LUT1@psu.edu.\n[ next ] Penn State Berks | Tulpehocken Road, P.O. Box 7009, Reading, PA 19610 | 610-396-6000", "\nPenn State Berks is committed to making its websites accessible to all users, and welcomes comments or suggestions on access improvements. Please send comments or suggestions on accessibility to Berks Webmaster.."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.pointloma.edu/experience/news/68/6110?page=5

19 Feb PLNU Welcomes New York Times Columnist Samuel Freedman

["", "\n(San Diego, Calif. \u2013 February 19, 2014) \u2013 Thursday, February 20th PLNU will kick off the 19th Annual Writer\u2019s Symposium by the Sea on the Point Loma campus with featured guest, Samuel Freedman. An award-winning author, professor and New York Times columnist, Freedman is a master storyteller, known for his insightful, well-researched writing that creates powerful narratives of people engaged with the issues of race, faith, and other issues of social justice faced by modern American culture", "\nBooks include Breaking the Line, Jew vs. Jew, Small Victories, Letters to a Young Journalist, and more.", "\nThursday\u2019s event begins at 7p.m. with a conversation between Freedman and PLNU Journalism Professor, Dean Nelson in Salomon Theatre on PLNU\u2019s main campus. Freedman is also presenting an afternoon workshop on Thursday at 1:30, \u201cTrust Me, I\u2019m A Writer\u201d. Full details and registration information can be found here. The Writer\u2019s Symposium continues with full force into the following week and runs through February 27th", "\nThe 19th annual event features a number of workshops and key note conversations with Siddhartha Mukherjee, Jeannette Walls and Anne Lamott. Writer\u2019s Symposium by the Sea is an annual event that brings interviews with cutting edge creators, life stories, examples of great writing, and evocative conversation that will inspire the reader and writer alike. The evening interviews, conducted by symposium founder Dean Nelson, feature lively conversations about the stories behind the author\u2019s stories", "\nThe audience gets to eavesdrop on these exchanges and even interact with the writer during a Q&A session that follows. Specialized afternoon workshops, conducted by published writers, provide tips and insight into the writing process. You are invited to join us and listen in on what some of today\u2019s cutting edge writers have to say! Past guests have included Ray Bradbury, Anne Lamott, Philip Yancey, Dave Eggers, Amy Tan, Bill McKibben, Donald Miller, George Plimpton, and many more.", "\n17 Jan \u201cArt by Constraint\u201d Documentary on PLNU\u2019s David Adey", "\nDale Schierholt\u2019s film, \u201cArt by Constraint\u201d, premiered before a full crowd at the Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego in La Jolla on January 17th, 2014. The full documentary aired on local television on San Diego\u2019s KPBS, channel 15. A preview can be viewed here: https://vimeo.com/76911164", "\nThroughout the day, KPBS featured interviews with Adey on the radio at 89.5fm during the KPBS \u201cMorning Edition\u201d and afternoon \u201cAll Things Considered\u201d programs and during the 5pm and 6:30pm broadcasts of Evening Edition on KPBS TV.", "\nSince January of 2013, Adey has committed his full attention to creating the immense body of work contained in \u201cHither and Yon\u201d during a yearlong hiatus from the classroom. This sabbatical allowed him to serve as the first ever artist-in-residence at Scott White Contemporary Art. Throughout this process, Schierholt documented Adey through film and interview. Schierholt successfully captured the essence of the exhibit and Adey\u2019s methodical process within the bounds of a self-realized constraint.", "\nIn \u201cHither and Yon\u201d, Adey utilized a diverse range of materials and techniques to investigate the concept of constraints as a metaphor for the human condition. Adey admits that it's often the constraints and boundaries he sets for himself during the conceptualizing phase that inform his work. \u201cConstraint gives you something to push up against. A tool to make creative decisions\u201d says Adey", "\nWith this approach Adey is able to find not only artistic freedom, but also a common thread that unites these seemingly tangential mediums. A 1994 graduate of PLNU, Adey received his Masters of Fine Arts at Cranbrook Academy of Art in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan in 2002, before returning to his alma mater as a member of the faculty in 2003. \u201cHither and Yon\u201d ran at Scott White Contemporary Art from January 17 to February 15, 2014", "\nArt & Design, External Relations, Office of Community & Government Relations, PLNU", "\n09 Jan \u201cHither and Yon\u201d PLNU Professor\u2019s New Exhibit an Exercise of Constraints\nFor the past year, Point Loma Nazarene University Professor of Art, David Adey has been on sabbatical, hard at work on his innovative and progressive exhibit, \u201cHither and Yon\u201d. The culmination of this work occurs Saturday, January 11th with Adey\u2019s opening reception of his premier solo exhibit at Scott White Contemporary Art in La Jolla, California.", "\nIn \u201cHither and Yon\u201d, the result of his yearlong hiatus from the classroom, Adey utilizes a diverse range of materials and techniques to investigate the concept of constraints as a metaphor for the human condition. Each piece within this exhibition has undergone a methodical process for its creation within the bounds of a self-realized constraint. Adey admits that it's often the constraints and boundaries he sets for himself during the conceptualizing phase that inform his work", "\n\u201cConstraint gives you something to push up against. A tool to make creative decisions\u201d says Adey. With this approach Adey is able to find not only artistic freedom, but also a common thread that unites these seemingly tangential mediums. Some of Adey\u2019s most iconic works in this series involve carefully deconstructed consumer images pulled from various Google searches", "\nUsing fragments of skin from hundreds of models and celebrities, he creates elaborate pinned collages reminiscent of complex entomological displays. The piece, Gravitational Radius, uses exclusively fashion and celebrity images. Adey exploits their two-dimensional nature by extruding them into three-dimensional space. Each decontextualized body fragment is transformed into a thin membrane of flesh, as its source and identity are lost", "\nThe final product is a homogenized mosaic of push-pinned skin that is macabre by nature, but somehow strikingly beautiful", "\nIn Hide, an inventive take on a self-portrait, Adey explores a different method of deconstructing and flattening the human form. Beginning with a three-dimensional scan of his entire body, he creates a triangulated three-dimensional model of himself comprised of over 75,000 triangles. From there, the model is unfolded and flattened to form a two-dimensional record of the entire surface of the artist\u2019s body, all in one piece, without overlaps", "\nThis two-dimensional apparition is then laser cut and framed in two adjacent panels to create a diptych resembling a cross between a Dymaxion Map and a Rorschach test.", "\nOther works in \u201cHither and Yon\u201d encompass a wide range of materials and concepts such as cold war-era electronics, plastic and paper cups and buckets, and a collaborative piece with an Actuary, yet his voice and vision remain clear and consistent throughout the exhibition. Adey has managed to successfully fuse contemporary art concept with formal creation and aesthetic", "\nHis work reflects a practiced and methodical process that results in works that are not only visually elaborate, but also intellectually stimulating and conceptually provocative.", "\nSince January of 2013 Adey has committed his full attention to creating this body of work as Scott White Contemporary Art\u2019s first ever artist-in-residence. Scott White Contemporary Art has been supporting Adey throughout the year, allowing him the space, time and freedom to pursue new and exciting directions with his work. Filmmaker Dale Schierholt has also been documenting David through film and interview", "\nThe completed project will be a full-length documentary on David Adey with a premier screening at the Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego in La Jolla on Saturday night and broadcast on KPBS on January 17th. A preview of Dale Schierholt\u2019s documentary can be viewed here.", "\nPrior to this exhibit, Adey\u2019s work was featured at the 2010 California Biennial hosted by the Orange County Museum of Art in Newport Beach, CA, and was also included in Here Not There: San Diego Art Now (2010) at the Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego", "\nHis solo exhibition at Luis de Jesus Gallery in Los Angeles was selected by The Huffington Post as one of \u2018Southern California\u2019s Top 10 Exhibitions for 2010\u2019, and a recent exhibition at the La Jolla Athenaeum was named \u2018Exhibition of the Year\u2019 by the San Diego Fine Art Society. In addition, David Adey has also exhibited in Miami, Detroit, Boston, Finland and Berlin. A 1994 graduate of PLNU, Adey received his Masters of Fine Arts at Cranbrook Academy of Art in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan in 2002", "\nHe returned to his alma mater as a member of the faculty in 2003. \u201cHither and Yon\u201d runs at Scott White Contemporary Art through February 15, 2014. External Relations, Office of Community & Government Relations, PLNU", "\n14 Jul PLNU Announces New Dean of the School of Education", "\nPLNU is pleased to welcome Dr. Deborah Erickson as the new dean of the School of Education. Erickson has extensive experience in Christian higher education. She will be coming to PLNU after serving 11 years at California Lutheran University as a faculty member, interim department chair, and, since 2007, assistant dean in the Graduate School of Education. In addition to her work at CLU, she has served on numerous state and national education boards and committees in key leadership roles", "\nShe was the president of the California Association of Professors of Educational Administration in 2006-07 and is currently a member of the executive board of the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration. She is well versed in both state and national accreditation issues and is currently serving in multiple roles with the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing", "\nPrior to joining CLU, Erickson served as a teacher, vice principal, principal, and district curriculum director in several K-12 districts throughout California. Erickson received a B.A.E. (elementary education) and an M.A. (integrated study in business and psychology) from Pacific Lutheran University in Tacoma, Wash. From there, she went on to earn another M.A. (educational administration) from CSU San Bernardino and her Ed.D. (educational administration) from University of the Pacific", "\nErickson brings to PLNU a reputation as a tireless worker and skilled leader as well as an excellent record of scholarship, professional engagement, and community service. \u201cWe are very grateful to the faculty and staff in the School of Education for continuing during this interim period to build on the progress that we have made over the past few years leading up to our NCATE accreditation,\u201d said PLNU provost Dr. Kerry Fulcher. \u201cI especially want to thank Dr", "\nCarol Leighty for stepping in as the interim dean and doing much more than maintaining our programs and processes but actually moving us forward in them. It is on this good foundation that we welcome our new dean. I am excited to have Dr. Erickson joining us at PLNU and look forward to her strategic leadership that will help our School of Education to continue to offer quality programs that meet the needs of the K-12 communities that we serve.", "\nErickson will begin her duties at PLNU on August 19. Education, info-center, PLNU\n05 Jun FBEI Releases Groundbreaking Food Bank Study", "\nOn May 28, the Fermanian Business & Economic Institute at Point Loma Nazarene University presented its original research report, \u201cSan Diego\u2019s Food Bank Population: Pro\ufb01le, Analysis, and Solutions.\u201d The report was commissioned by The Jacobs & Cushman San Diego Food Bank. The FBEI report involved the \ufb01rst comprehensive survey and analysis of the 350,000 San Diego County\u2019s residents who depend on the region\u2019s Food Bank", "\nField research was conducted at many distribution sites served by the Jacobs & Cushman San Diego Food Bank and included interviews with more than 550 households receiving food assistance during October 2012.", "\n\u201cIt is our intention to provide regional leaders a highly readable economic analysis of a critical topic to all within our community,\u201d said FBEI executive director Randy M. Ataide. \u201cThe report draws a portrait of the people needing food assistance and seeks to understand the demographic, economic, and social factors driving that need.\u201d", "\nThe vital demographic data in the report helps \u201cputs a face\u201d on the population that the food bank serves. According to PLNU chief economist Lynn Reaser, the face of hunger in San Diego County includes working families living in poverty, seniors, and tens of thousands of children. Unemployment is a factor for many seeking assistance, but most families using the food bank have at least one working adult in the household.", "\nIn October 2012, teams of staff and students from Point Loma Nazarene University visited food bank locations throughout San Diego County and surveyed clients while they waited in line for food assistance. The communities included: Central San Diego, San Ysidro, Borrego Springs, Warner Springs, Encinitas, Escondido, Ramona, Fallbrook, Oceanside, Lemon Grove, Ocean Beach, Poway, Campo, Descanso and Pine Valley.", "\nOn May 28, the Jacobs & Cushman San Diego Food Bank and PLNU\u2019s Fermanian Business & Economic Institute held a joint press conference to launch the groundbreaking, 30-page report. Speakers at the press conference included: PLNU\u2019s Chief Economist Dr. Lynn Reaser; Malin Burnham, philanthropist, and joint-funder of the survey; U.S. Congressman Scott Peters; County Supervisor Dave Roberts; and James A. Floros, president & CEO of the San Diego Food Bank.\nThe full study is available here.", "\nBusiness, Fermanian Business & Economic Institute, info-center, PLNU"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Wilson_John_2/

Rev. John Wilson, M.A.

["Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\nMontrose, Angus, Scotland\nJohn Wilson was a Scottish mathematician who took over the Rectorship of his father's Academy in Bannockburn and later moved to Edinburgh as a tutor in mathematics and physics.", "Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\nJohn Wilson's father was James Wilson, the rector of James Wilson Academy, Bannockburn, Stirlingshire. John Wilson was an undergraduate at the University of Edinburgh and graduated with an M.A. He then entered the New College where he was trained for the ministry, becoming a licensed preacher in the Free Presbytery of Edinburgh. Wilson did not seek a charge, but instead went to help his father at James Wilson Academy, Bannockburn [1]:-", "Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\nIn addition to his work in Bannockburn he established and conducted evening science classes in Stirling long before work of this kind was taken up by the Educational Boards.\nWilson's father retired from being rector of the Academy and Wilson took charge of the school until 1887 when it was merged with the Public School. He then moved to Edinburgh and became a Tutor in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy:-", "Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\n[He] soon acquired a sound reputation as a conscientious and efficient teacher ... His 'Notes on Physics and Natural Philosophy', an epitome of physical principles arranged alphabetically, admirably fulfilled the purpose intended, as many grateful graduates can testify.\nWilson joined the Edinburgh Mathematical Society in February 1885, two years after the Society was founded. He was Treasurer of the Society during 1888-1895, then President for session 1896-97.", "Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\nThe Royal Society of Edinburgh elected Wilson to a fellowship of the Society on 4 February 1878. He had been proposed by Philip Kelland, James Sime, Thomas A Graham Balfour, and Peter Guthrie Tait. Wilson's obituary, written by C G Knott, appeared in John Wilson, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 22 (1897-99), i-ii.\nWe give a version of this obituary at THIS LINK\nOn Thursday, 10th December 1896 the following announcement of Wilson's death appeared in The Scotsman:-", "Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\nAnnouncement has bean made of the death of the Rev. John Wilson, M.A., F.R.S.E., 25 Buccleugh Place, Edinburgh, who was at one time Rector of Bannockburn Academy, having succeeded his father in that office. For the last ten years he resided in Edinburgh, following the vocation of a Mathematical tutor. Mr Wilson was a mathematician of a high order, and took a deep interest in the advancement of his favourite science", "Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\nHe was an active member of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society, of which for a number of years he acted as treasurer, and of which he was elected president only a few weeks ago.", "Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\nHe was a frequent attender at the meetings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and some years ago he made some original contributions on \"Linkages\" to the Society. Mr Wilson, who was for long an elder of the Free High Church, was a modest, unassuming, warm-hearted, kindly man, and his death brings with it keen and lasting regret to a large circle of friends.\nOther Mathematicians born in Scotland\nC G Knott, John Wilson, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 22 (1897-99), i-ii.\nOther pages about John Wilson:", "Rev. John Wilson, M.A.\nPapers in the Proceedings and Notes of the EMS\nObituary: RSE\nHonours awarded to John Wilson\nFellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Elected 1878\nEMS Treasurer 1888-1895\nEMS President 1896\nOther: EMS Presidents\nOther: EMS Treasurers\nOther: Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.girasoletravel.com/post/ireland-traditions-st-patricks-day

From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day

["From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nFrom Parades to Pints: How Ireland Celebrates St. Patrick's Day\nEvery year on March 17th, the world turns Irish! From turning the river green in Chicago to parades as far away as Tokyo, who can resist an excuse for a party?\nWhile Saint Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland, the global nature of St. Patrick's day leads to a simple question. How much of what we celebrate on March 17th is really Irish? Let's find out! (Spoiler alert - Shamrock Shakes aren't actually Irish...)\nWho was Saint Patrick?", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nWhile many St. Patrick's Day traditions date to the early 17th century, when Saint Patrick's Day became an official feast day in the Catholic Church, Saint Patrick's roots can be traced back to Roman Britain in the 5th century.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nThe saint himself isn't actually Irish. Saint Patrick was actually from England, most likely an area in modern Wales. That doesn't necessarily make him English either, though. The area his family was from was occupied by Romans, and his family may have been members of the Roman aristocracy.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nMuch of what we know of the saint's early life comes from his short autobiography, the Confessio. Scholars disagree on whether the account is actually fact or if the story was developed by Saint Patrick because it was how he wanted to be remembered.\nRegardless, it is a fascinating tale!", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nEarly in the 5th century, on the far edge of the crumbling Roman Empire, a ship full of Irish raiders raided the village of Bannavem Taburniae. These Irish soldiers took more than just plundered goods back to Ireland with them.\nIn the hold of their ship they carried a 16-year-old boy named Maewyn Succat. He was taken to Ireland, where he became a shepherd serving a local chieftain in County Antrim.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nAfter 6 years of servitude, Succat walked 200 miles, across peat bogs and through forests, to a port where he boarded a ship bound for England and freedom.\nUpon his return to England, he began to have religious visions. In them he heard the Irish people call out \u201cWe beg you, holy boy, to come and walk again among us.\"\nSuccat began his religious training, being ordained in 418 A.D. In 432 he was consecrated as a bishop and the name Patricius was bestowed upon him.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nHe decided his calling was to be a missionary, returning to the pagan island that he had fled so many years before. His knowledge of the language and customs gave him a deep connection to the local Druid priests and Celtic people, and he baptized them by the thousands before his death on March 17th, 462 A.D.\nSt. Patrick's Day celebrations\nSaint Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland, and the religious holiday was originally celebrated in commemoration of his death on March 17th in 462 A.D.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nWhile the Roman Catholic Church's feast day to commemorate Saint Patrick dates to the early 17th century, the Irish have been commemorating the Saint for over a thousand years. The first feast day for Saint Patrick was held by the Irish people in the 9th or 10th century.\nSince the holiday is a feast day in the Catholic Church, the celebration allowed Irish Catholics to break the Lenten abstinence that normally leads up to Easter.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nIn America the holiday has always had a more secular celebration than religious observation. It quickly became a day for Irish immigrants, who arrived in large numbers in the 19th century, to celebrate their Irish heritage.\nIn Ireland St Patrick's Day wasn't declared a public holiday until 1904. Today it's celebrated with parades, festivals, and religious services.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nMany towns also hold traditional music and dance performances, while others host festivals celebrating Irish culinary favorites like Irish soda bread, Irish bacon and Guinness.\nSt Patrick's Day Traditions\nWhile it's easy to assume that the parades and beer drinking that are synonymous with the holiday also have their roots in Irish tradition, those celebrations have their roots in America and traditions started by Irish American immigrants. They later spread back to the Emerald Isle.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nThe first parade in honor of Saint Patrick was held in 1601 in what is now St Augustine, Florida. The vicar of the Spanish colony was Irish, and he wanted to celebrate the day in memory of his homeland.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nOver 100 years later, Irish soldiers in the English army marched in a parade in New York City on March 17, 1762. It was illegal in England for Irish people to wear green, speak Irish, or sing and play Irish tunes. Being so far from home gave these proud Irishmen a chance to celebrate their heritage in a way they couldn't at home.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nToday St Patrick's Day Parades are held in more than 100 cities and towns across America, as well as around the world in places like England, Canada, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan.\nIn Ireland the largest and most famous St Patrick's Day parade takes place in Dublin, attracting hundreds of thousands of visitors. It winds through the heart of the city, passing many of Dublin's most famous landmarks like Trinity College and St. Patrick's Cathedral.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nPubs are an integral part of Irish culture, and St. Patrick's Day is no exception. For many people in Ireland, the holiday is an opportunity to spend time with friends and family, enjoy a few pints, and soak up the festive atmosphere.\nBut beer didn't factor into Ireland's celebrations until the 1970s. Until then Irish law mandated that pubs be closed on March 17th in commemoration of the holiday. Today having a beer at the local pub with friends is a popular way to celebrate.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nOne of the most popular drinks on St. Patrick's Day worldwide is, of course, Guinness. This dark, rich beer has been brewed in Ireland for over 250 years and is synonymous with the country's pub culture. It's said that on St. Patrick's Day, more than 13 million pints of Guinness are consumed worldwide!", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nGuinness isn't the only beer that's popular on St. Patrick's Day. Other Irish beers, such as Smithwicks and Harp Lager, are also enjoyed by many. And for those who prefer something a bit stronger, Irish whiskey is another popular choice.\nGreen beer is not an Irish tradition, but is another tradition that was started in America. It is believed to have been started in a Bronx social club in 1914, and the dye used at the time was a powder used to wash laundry that is actually poisonous.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nFortunately for the millions of people who will consume green beer this year, the dye used now is not toxic. So raise a (green) glass in celebration!\nLeprechauns\nLeprechauns have been part of Irish fables since at least the 800's, but their association with Saint Patrick's Day is much more recent.\nTraditionally leprechauns are described as a type of fairy, or \u201cleipreach\u00e1n\u201d in Irish. They come from Celtic folktales, where they were tricky, cranky creatures who mended the shoes of other fairies.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nWhile it's not known exactly when or why the leprechaun became associated with St. Patrick's Day, they remain an important part of Irish culture and tradition.\nIn fact, a 2011 survey conducted by an Irish whiskey brand showed that over 30% of the Irish population believe in leprechauns, and if you find one you can't harm it! They are actually protected under the European Habitats Directive.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nLegend says that the shamrock was used by Saint Patrick as a teaching aid to explain the Holy Trinity (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) as separate but one.\nWhile there is no historical evidence to prove that St. Patrick used shamrocks to teach, the clover is native to Ireland and is also the national plant. It's been used as a symbol of the Emerald Isle, along with the Irish Harp, since the late 17th or early 18th century.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nThe shamrock is a three-leaf clover, although it can occasionally grow a fourth leaf. It is the three-leaf version that is the symbol of Ireland, the four-leaf clover is simply a symbol of good luck.\nOne distinctive part of any St Patrick's Day celebration is the color green. But traditionally the color of St. Patrick has been blue. Even leprechauns haven't traditionally dressed in green clothing, but in red!", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nThe association with green came in 1798, when the Irish fought the English in the Irish Rebellion. The Irish flag was green, and became a symbol of Irish resistance to Great Britain.\nWearing green is also supposed to help you avoid getting pinched by a leprechaun. Supposedly they can't see the color, so when you wear it you become invisible to them.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nWhile St. Patrick's Day has become a global phenomenon, with parades, festivals, and green beer in many countries around the world, it remains a unique and special celebration in Ireland.\nWhether you're in Ireland or elsewhere, it's a time to reflect on the history and traditions of this beloved holiday and to join in the celebration in your own way.", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nSo, if you find yourself in Ireland on St. Patrick's Day, don't miss out on the chance to experience the customs and traditions of this vibrant and joyous occasion. And if you're celebrating from afar, don't forget to don your green and raise a glass to Irish heritage and culture - Sl\u00e1inte!\nWant to be the first to get all of our insider tips, hidden gems, or delicious food and drink recommendations? Subscribe to get the latest blog post delivered straight to your inbox each week.\nTraditions and festivals", "From Patron Saint to Global Celebration: The History of St. Patrick's Day\nMy favorite historic pubs in London\nCities to visit on day trips from London\nExperience the UK's natural beauty on these 8 breathtaking train rides"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://theislandwiki.org/index.php/Meadow_Court

Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.

["Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.\nMeadow Court\nMeadow Court, St Mary\nRue de La Grange, St Mary\nVery early historic country house\nDe Gruchy\nLe Vavasseur dit Durell\nMeadow Court is an important group of early buildings retaining their historic character with extensive historic features of note, displaying Jersey\u2019s vernacular tradition in the use of local materials and details including a very early example of an arched doorway and tourelle staircase.", "Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.\nParticularly distinctive features include the cider house. Also of note is a rare example of a medieval cross.\nThe house has early origins, 15th century, with developments in 17th and 19th centuries, refronted in the 18th century. It is shown on the Richmond Map of 1795.\nThe medieval cross was moved to its present position in mid-19th century. The column was removed from the Church of St Mary in 1851 \u2013 it formerly stood between the chancel and north chapel. Shown on the Richmond Map of 1795.", "Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.\nApproached down long driveway with gate pier and cross by roadside.\nThere is a strong tradition that there is a benitier in this house, hidden under the plaster at the foot of the tourelle staircase.", "Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.\nA pre-Reformation cross is broken and now mounted on a far later granite pillar at the entrance to the drive, which was formerly a public road, and turned right in front of the house and rejoined Rue du Douet opposite another Le Marais. The road has since been diverted and runs between La Grange and La Pompe. In the garden, at a point which would have been the angle of the road, is a large block of stone with a square socket in the top surface, clearly the base of the cross.", "Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.\nAt the head of the stream which runs down to Greve de Lecq. and in a straight line between the Parish Church and La Hougue Mauger, this is probably an extremely ancient site of habitation.\nThe south facade of the main house has been altered, as there is a straight unchamfered door lintel, and the windows, all of which have been enlarged, have an assortment of chamfered surrounds, none being complete.", "Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.\nThe wing to the weat, now the press house, with a circular cider trough in situ, has an arch. It is single-voussoir with no shoulders, and a wide chamfer, with good but small chamfer stops. It could be a very early specimen.", "Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.\nThe steps of the tourelle staircase have been boxed in. The widest is 5ft and the lowest, 3ft. Opening off the main sitting room, to the north, is a very small room, which from the outside is continuous with the tourelle. It has been suggested that this was a chapel, but there is no supporting evidence. It is more likely to have been a dairy or a storeroom.", "Meadow Court, St Mary - An Important Group of Early Buildings Retaining Their Historic Character.\nIn the 18th century this property belonged to the Arthur family, and there is a belief that the branch which lived here adhered to the Roman Catholic faith. It then passed into the de Gruchy family and, through the female line to Le Vavasseur dit Durell.\nRetrieved from \"https://www.jerripedia.com/index.php/Meadow_Court\""]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/VideoLib/archive/9601/0250.html

Re: Video Inspection Evanski, Betty (EVANSKI@rmcnet.robert-morris.edu) Wed, 31 Jan 1996 09:42 EST Maybe in reply to: Sallymaro@aol.com: "Video Inspection" .!0X8 EVANSKI@rmcnet.robert-morris.edu Hi Sally, We clean and inspect our videos everytime they a

["re returned from\nbeing used, when they go back on our shelves we know that each and every video will be in good condition before it is signed out. If\nyour video goes to someone who has a dirty or bad VCR, our cleaner", "\nis cleaning off the oxide and grime that their VCR left on the tape.\nWe have the RTI Cleaning and Inspecting machine. We have been very\npleased with it, we have had it for a few years now and have had no problems\nat all. It is great when someone brings back a damage tape and says they\ngot a bad tape from us, in the meantime we have a print out card telling\nus it was in excellent condition when they signed it out.\nI am also curious to see how others maintain their collection.", "\nBetty ************************************************************************\nBetty Evanski (evanski@robert-morris.edu) /\\ /\\\nCoordinator Of Media Services /~~~~~~~\\\nROBERT MORRIS COLLEGE LIBRARY | O O |\nNarrows Run Road ======X====== Coraopolis, PA 15108 ( \\_/\"\\_/ )\n(412) 262-8363 FAX (412) 262-4049 \\_______/ Media Cat"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.sunyjefferson.edu/node/757

Iles and Monroe Named JCC Co-Athletes of the Week Sophomore pitcher/outfielder Sean A. Iles of the Jefferson Community College (JCC) baseball team and freshman second baseman Chelsea R. Monroe, of the JCC softball team, were named JCC co-athletes of the w

["eek for the week ending May 1, 2011. JCC\u2019s athlete of the week program is sponsored by Victory Promotions.", "\nIles, a 2009 graduate of Indian River Central School, is majoring in mathematics and science at Jefferson. Sean\u2019s accomplishments at the plate include going 13\u201324 with 11 runs scored, of which 4 were doubles and 2 were triples. He also had 4 RBI, 1 walk, and 1 stolen base.", "\nMonroe, a 2010 graduate of General Brown Central School, is majoring in humanities and social sciences at Jefferson. Chelsea\u2019s accomplishments at the plate this past week include going 8\u201315 at the plate for a .533 batting average. She had 8 walks, giving her a .696 on base percentage. Chelsea also scored 9 runs and stole 4 bases.\nCopyright \u00a9 2016 Jefferson Community College. Last Update: Friday, 14-Sep-2012 15:06:31 EDT"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://niams.nih.gov/News_and_Events/Meetings_and_Events/Roundtables/2014/disc_degeneration.asp

Roundtable on the Role of Disc Degeneration in Neck and Back Pain Meeting Summary Also see Role of Disc Degeneration in Pain Explored, NIH Record (January 16, 2015) Scroll down to fifth item.

["", "\nNeck and back pain is a significant public health problem in the United States. Approximately 11-14 percent of working age adults will experience work-related activity limitations due to neck pain.1 Many more are affected by low back pain; 70 percent of Americans experience low back pain that is serious enough to disrupt daily routines during their lifetime.2 Chronic spinal pain is often progressive, and its causes can be difficult to determine. It also is expensive", "\nLow back pain and neck pain are the first and fourth leading causes, respectively, of years lived with disability.3 In 2005, costs associated with spinal pain in the United States totaled $86 billion.4 Much of that expense is due to chronic, rather than acute, pain", "\nFor example, despite comprising only 5 percent of the people who have back pain, patients with chronic back pain consume 90 percent of all the healthcare costs associated with the condition.2 Chronic back pain\u2019s costs to society, and the opportunities to reduce those costs, have earned the condition a place in Healthy People 2020 as part of the objective \u201cReduce activity limitation due to chronic back conditions.\u201d Early identification and treatment of those individuals with acute neck or back pain who will go on to develop chronic pain could possibly lessen the prevalence and severity of these public health problems", "\nThis unmet clinical need could be addressed by innovative research to:", "\nBetter understand the mechanisms underlying chronic neck and back pain, Identify predictive markers of chronic spinal pain so that appropriate preventive strategies can be undertaken, and Develop methodologies and model systems for identifying and studying disease subtypes and for testing potential treatments. Many of the common causes of neck and back pain involve instability or degeneration of the intervertebral disc", "\nTherefore, as part of the Institute\u2019s annual planning process, NIAMS held a roundtable discussion on the current state of the science related to the following questions:", "\nWhat are the links between biochemical and biomechanical features of disc degeneration and OA of the spine, and generation of back and neck pain? How can this knowledge be leveraged to develop tools that can distinguish between structural, biochemical or biomechanical changes in discs and surrounding structures (e.g., facet joints) that lead to pain and those that are asymptomatic? What are the greatest scientific challenges related to understanding pathological changes leading to disc degeneration", "\n? What are the greatest scientific challenges related to understanding pathological changes leading to OA of the spine? How will overcoming these challenges contribute to the identification of potential therapeutic targets?", "\nWhat new knowledge is needed to develop in vivo and in vitro models for studies of the links between disc degeneration and OA of the spine and their connection to the development of pain?\nHow can the community adapt high throughput or emerging technologies to identify promising new biochemical, imaging, and genetic biomarkers of symptomatic disc degeneration and spinal pathology? This latter point could include analysis of images collected from existing cohorts.", "\nWhat are the most pressing scientific questions regarding the structural, biochemical, and biomechanical mechanisms leading to back and neck pain? Participants were asked to canvass their colleagues in advance of the meeting, and their responses served as the basis for the discussion. Although not all of these topics were discussed in depth at the roundtable, NIAMS leadership and the appropriate program staff read each comment. The NIAMS greatly appreciates the community\u2019s input on these questions.", "\nOpportunities to Understand the Biochemical and Biomechanical Features of Disc Degeneration and their Connections to Neck and Back Pain\nNormal disc development and anatomy", "\nInvestigators who are exploring disc degeneration could benefit from knowledge about how discs develop and how the body maintains mature discs. Molecular, cellular, and animal studies across different developmental stages and cell types could provide knowledge about normal, healthy tissues. This information could contribute to the discovery of therapeutic compounds and regenerative medicine strategies and could provide target benchmarks against which to measure an intervention\u2019s success.", "\nDisc degeneration is a broad term that encompasses factors such as loss of disc height, vertebral subluxation, disc bulging or herniation, and osteophyte formation. Because most patients do not receive medical attention for back and neck pain at the earliest stages of degeneration, little is known about the changes that occur during the initial phases of the process in humans. However, patients who have spinal fusion often develop disc degeneration in adjacent segments", "\nIf investigators could determine which biochemical and structural changes are due to the fusion process, they could also track the earliest steps of the degenerative process in these patients. Examining gene and protein expression patterns in tissue from humans and animals, and how they change over the lifespan, might identify markers that could be used to monitor disc degeneration and response to interventions meant to restore or stabilize discs", "\nThis research also may help differentiate between structural changes and the pain experience. There are various strategies for identifying biomarkers of disc degeneration (e.g., circulating microRNAs, exosomes, hypertrophic chondrocytes, the presence of inflammatory markers). Some markers from degenerating discs can be distinguished from those produced by other cartilaginous tissues", "\nWhile the discovery of biochemical or biomechanical signs pointing to the degenerative changes that lead to pain would be useful, markers that are associated with a person\u2019s risk of developing neck or back pain prior to becoming symptomatic may be easier to identify via existing technologies.", "\nGenetics influence both disc degeneration and pain susceptibility. Researchers are beginning to identify genetic variants that protect against pain and disability following spinal fusion.5 They also are beginning to understand the genetics of chronic pain conditions. In contrast, little is known about which variants are protective against disc degeneration and neck or back pain", "\nThe ability to distinguish between the genetic influences of disc degeneration and neuronal infiltration also would be useful for identifying the source of neck and back pain. Immunity and inflammation", "\nIn a healthy spine, the nucleus pulposus is protected from the immune system. During the earliest stages of degeneration, the cells comprising the nucleus pulposus produce molecular signals (e.g., cytokines and chemokines) that interact with the anulus fibrosus, bone cells, and innervated tissues such as muscle. As the disc structure changes, inflammation and immune reactions can develop in the discs and the surrounding tissues", "\nDisc degeneration contributes to inflammation, which in turn causes the discs to break down further. Deteriorating discs also secrete factors that sensitize nerves or cause them to infiltrate the disc. These, in turn, can cause additional structural changes and pain. The initial events that trigger cytokine production and the launch of an immune response are unknown. Some suggested that infection may be involved, but this hypothesis is not universally accepted", "\nPain and the intervertebral disc in the context of the entire spine", "\nAt present, it is impossible to definitively state that a person\u2019s neck or back pain is due to a degenerating disc. Many tissues in addition to the intervertebral disc can cause pain. Much remains to be learned about how other spine components such as damaged vertebral endplates, bone marrow lesions in vertebra, and innervated ligaments also contribute. Moreover, researchers do not fully understand how structural changes in one tissue influence the deterioration of others", "\nFor example, altered motion due to facet joint arthritis will impact nearby discs, and degenerated discs will alter facet joint movement. There can be value in studying the spine as an organ system instead of as individual tissues, cell types, and structural components. Studying the mechanical components of neck and back pain also is important. For many patients, pain disappears at rest and reappears upon loading, while movement provides relief for others", "\nDynamic imaging tools that correlate with patient experience would be useful for studies of these phenomena.", "\nChallenges Related to Studying the Pathological Changes that Lead to Disc Degeneration and Developing Treatments for Neck and Back Pain", "\nImaging tools for clinical and preclinical research Close collaborations with engineers can enable development of the advanced tools needed for studies of neck and back pain. Suggestions at this meeting included strategies to measure fatty infiltration of interspinal muscles as well as changes in intervertebral disc microarchitecture. Discussion also focused on strategies to measure molecular and metabolic changes that occur before structural changes are noticeable", "\nImaging tools can be valuable even if they are not suitable for routine patient care. Although much of the imaging work is being done in large animal models, researchers also expressed an interest in the ability to visualize discs of small rodent models such as mice. Creation and validation of high-throughput imaging modalities would allow investigators to track the formation of the intervertebral disc and other tissues during development", "\nImaging needs extend beyond the intervertebral discs and surrounding tissues. Advanced brain imaging technologies also could be relevant when studying the link between disc degeneration and neck or back pain.", "\nThe distinction between changes at the tissue level and the perception of pain", "\nSome healthy tissues such as the vertebral endplate and intervertebral disc are unable to sense pain until they become innervated following an injury. Although nociception could be a therapeutic target in these situations, researchers would benefit from better strategies to detect new neurons and measure their activity. A treatment may restore a disc to its original structure without reducing pain", "\nAlthough researchers conducting preclinical work cannot ask their study animals to say how they are feeling, there are other approaches for assessing an animal\u2019s pain. Although this knowledge could be combined with molecular and structural analyses to develop hypotheses about how biologic changes relate to pain, researchers cautioned that the human pain experience is influenced by factors beyond the tissue level (e.g., psychological phenomenon, cultural roles)", "\nThis complicates the application of findings from animal studies to humans.", "\nAll models for disc degeneration and pain have advantages and disadvantages. Discs degenerate quickly in animal models of acute injury, but the processes involved may differ from those that occur in humans as they age. Diffusion allows the small discs in the mouse spine to be better nourished and more metabolically active than those in larger animals. Tissue culture studies can provide information about interactions among disc cells, the nervous system, and the immune system", "\nModel systems that recapitulate other components of the spine could be informative. Well-phenotyped human tissue samples", "\nA lack of well-phenotyped human tissue samples is another challenge facing the research community. While cadavers were mentioned as a potential source of human tissue, these donors lack the phenotypic data that would be useful for studies into the role of the degenerating disc in neck or back pain. Researchers would like the ability to perform a \u201cvirtual biopsy\u201d on disc tissue because they are not able to collect tissue from people", "\nThe ability to gather longitudinal data related to back pain during activities of daily living", "\nThe research community is interested in being able to gather longitudinal data about neck and back pain and patient function. A device (akin to the heart monitors that cardiac patients wear) that would collect data on people\u2019s behavior, and on how their movements change based on their pain levels, may be useful for this purpose", "\nCombining longitudinal data with clinical information and the as-yet-to-be-discovered markers of early disc degeneration noted above may enable researchers to identify people who are at high risk of developing neck or back pain. Measures of success", "\nThere are several challenges related to evaluating potential therapies. Some treatments, such as microdiscectomy for a herniated lumbar disc, may relieve pain initially, but predispose patients for later problems. Some regenerative therapies could restore discs to their normal anatomy, but they may do little to restore pain and mobility.", "\nCollaborations and partnerships might overcome some of the challenges noted above. Partnerships between investigators and industry might facilitate the development of tools for monitoring behavior, diagnosing painful degenerative discs, and treating disc-associated neck and back pain", "\nThe Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Biomarkers Consortium, the NIH Accelerating Medicines Partnership (AMP), and the National Science Foundation\u2019s Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers (I/UCRC) Program were mentioned as potential models", "\nOthers noted that the NIH Health Care Systems Research Collaboratory and the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network (PCORNet) have large amounts of data that could answer questions about disease progression (e.g., the transition from acute to chronic neck or back pain), the effectiveness of treatments, and health care utilization and costs. Recommended Reading", "\nHughes SP, Freemont AJ, Hukins DW, McGregor AH, Roberts S. The pathogenesis of degeneration of the intervertebral disc and emerging therapies in the management of back pain. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2012 Oct;94(10):1298-304. Review. PMID: 23015552\nLotz JC, Fields AJ, Liebenberg EC. The role of the vertebral end plate in low back pain. Global Spine J. 2013 Jun;3(3):153-64. Review. PMID: 24436866", "\nRisbud MV, Shapiro IM. Role of cytokines in intervertebral disc degeneration: pain and disc content. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2014 Jan;10(1):44-56. Review. PMID: 24166242\nWinkelstein BA, Weinstein JN. Pain Mechanisms: Relevant Anatomy, Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications, in The Cervical Spine 4th edition, Clark CR, Ed., 122-132, 2004.\nANDERSSON, Gunnar B.J., M.D., Ph.D., Rush University Medical Center (co-chair)\nBOWLES, Robert (Robby) D., Ph.D., University of Utah", "\nDAHIA, Chitra, Ph.D., Hospital for Special Surgery\nELLIOTT, Dawn M., Ph.D., University of Delaware\nHARFE, Brian, Ph.D., University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida\nIATRIDIS, James C., Ph.D., Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai\nKHALSA, Partap S., D.C., Ph.D., National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), NIH\nLOTZ, Jeffrey, Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco", "\nMWALE, Fackson, Ph.D., McGill University PORTER, Linda, Ph.D., National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH\nRISBUD, Makarand V., Ph.D., Thomas Jefferson University\nSCHIPANI, Ernestina, M.D., Ph.D., University of Michigan SETTON, Lori A., Ph.D., Duke University (co-chair)\nWINKELSTEIN, Beth A., Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania\nNIAMS\nCARTER, Robert H., M.D.\nDRUGAN, Jonelle K., Ph.D., M.P.H.\nKATZ, Stephen I., M.D., Ph.D.\nKESTER, Mary Beth, M.S.\nLESTER, Gayle, Ph.D.", "\nLINDE, Anita M., M.P.P.\nMcGOWAN, Joan A., Ph.D.\nMOEN, Laura K., Ph.D.\nPANAGIS, James S., M.D., M.P.H. (co-chair)\nSERRATE-SZTEIN, Susana A., M.D. TYREE, Bernadette, Ph.D.\n1The burden and determinants of neck pain in workers: results of the Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders. C\u00f4t\u00e9 P, et al. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008 Feb 15;33(4 Suppl):S60-74. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181643ee4. Review. PMID: 18204402", "\n2IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2011. Learning What Works: Infrastructure Required for Comparative Effectiveness Research: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Appendix B.\n3The state of US health, 1990-2010: burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors. US Burden of Disease Collaborators. JAMA. 2013 Aug 14;310(6):591-608. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.13805. PMID: 23842577", "\n4Expenditures and health status among adults with back and neck problems. Martin BI, et al. JAMA. 2008 Feb 13;299(6):656-64. doi: 10.1001/jama.299.6.656. Erratum in: JAMA. 2008 Jun 11;299(22):2630. PMID: 18270354", "\n5Treatment outcome of chronic low back pain and radiographic lumbar disc degeneration are associated with inflammatory and matrix degrading gene variants: a prospective genetic association study. Omair A, Holden M, Lie BA, Reikeras O, Brox JI. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2013 Mar 22;14:105. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-105. PMID: 23522322"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://scholarship.rice.edu/handle/1911/47311

spanish, russian and others "spanish, russian and others." Rice Thresher, 53, no. 27 (1966) Rice University: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/47311. SeriesThis article appears in Volume 53, Issue 27, page 20 of the Rice Thresher.

[""]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://texashistory.unt.edu/explore/collections/SWHQ/browse/?sort=title&fq=untl_decade%3A1890-1899&fq=str_location_county%3AFayette+County%2C+TX

Filters have been applied to your results. Adjust settings from lower-left menu. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 1, July 1897 - April, 1898 Description: The Texas State Historical Association Quarterly Report includes "Pape

["rs read at the meetings of the Association, and such other contributions as may be accepted by the Committee\" (volume 1, number 1). These include historical sketches, biographical material, personal accounts, and other research. Index starts on page 321.", "\nThe Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 2, July 1898 - April, 1899\nChambers County, TX\nMatagorda County, TX"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.wanjaranomad.com/

Exploring the Sikh Heritage: A Collection of Rare Books, Maps, and Artifacts

["Exploring the Sikh Heritage: A Collection of Rare Books, Maps, and Artifacts\nWanjara Nomad has a collection in excess of 1230 rare books pertaining to the Sikh rule, East India Company, and the British empire. The earliest book in the collection is from circa 1671 and the majority of the books are from the 1800s and early 1900s. The collection is an accumulation of published material focusing on the Sikh liaisons with the colonial powers", "Exploring the Sikh Heritage: A Collection of Rare Books, Maps, and Artifacts\nHow it shaped Sikh identity through the Mughal and the British eras and the role Sikhs played in shaping the geopolitical landscape of the subcontinent. Books are predominately first or second editions written by various authors with different perceptions.", "Exploring the Sikh Heritage: A Collection of Rare Books, Maps, and Artifacts\nWhile historical books may detail the events of our past that shaped Punjab, we can see a literal shaping when we take a look at the historic maps of British India. These maps help us understand the territory of the Sikh Empire, which had been annexed by the British East India Company in 1849, following the Second Anglo-Sikh War. We have collected some rare antique maps of the Indian subcontinent to give you an ancient tour that shows the changes in the Sikh Kingdom and surroundings.", "Exploring the Sikh Heritage: A Collection of Rare Books, Maps, and Artifacts\nThe collection showcases a substantial assortment of Swords, uniforms, medals, badges, tunic buttons, cufflinks from that era, mostly connected to the Indian subcontinent.\nWanjara Nomad collection is also the custodian of some rare handwritten notes, postcards, stamp papers, and other memorabilia.", "Exploring the Sikh Heritage: A Collection of Rare Books, Maps, and Artifacts\nThe collection has a good quantity of photos and albums which depict the essence of monuments, people, and cultures. A few sketchbooks of British soldiers stationed in that region capture the very essence of those times through their sketches.\nThe collection has several lithographs and artworks that are curated from different auction houses and online sales."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.grunge.com/793825/where-did-the-phrase-the-butler-did-it-come-from/

The Origin and History of the Phrase "The Butler Did It" in Mystery Fiction

["The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nWhere Did The Phrase The Butler Did It Come From?\nJeremy Walter/Shutterstock\nBy Holly Gary/March 9, 2022 4:08 pm EST\n\"The butler did it\" may be one of the most famous tropes in mystery novels, but there are a surprisingly small number of well-known books that feature a butler as the main perpetrator of a crime.", "The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nOne of the best-known mystery writers, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, creator of Sherlock Holmes, may have been the first to do it. In his 1893 Holmes story \"The Musgrave Ritual,\" the butler is not the murderer, but dies in the process of trying to steal from his employers. In 1921, Herbert Jenkins wrote \"The Strange Case of Mr. Challoner,\" in which the butler was a murderer and the main villain (via Mental Floss).", "The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nNot long afterwards, in 1928, mystery writer S.S. Van Dine wrote a list titled \"Twenty Rules for Writing Detective Stories\" (posted at Wired), in which he said a writer shouldn't choose a servant as their primary villain. His elitist take was that this was an easy way out, and \"the culprit must be a decidedly worth-while person \u2014 one that wouldn't ordinarily come under suspicion.\"", "The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nAmerican mystery writer Mary Roberts Rinehart, known as \"the American Agatha Christie,\" broke Van Dine's rule only two years later in her book \"The Door,\" in which the butler is the murderer. Although the phrase \"the butler did it\" is associated with this book, it doesn't actually appear in the text. The book was popular but was also lampooned for having such an obvious ending.", "The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nAccording to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, years later, Rinehart ended up in a situation not unlike one of her books: Her personal chef of 25 years tried to kill her. He was angry that she hadn't promoted him to be her butler. She was able to escape initially, when his gun jammed, but the chef chased after her. A chauffeur took him down while a maid took his gun and Rinehart called the police. The chef got away from the chauffeur and chased Rinehart again with two kitchen knives instead", "The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nA gardener helped the chauffeur immobilize him again. Her actual butler fled the scene instead of helping (via Mental Floss and the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette).", "The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nDamon Runyon & P.G. Wodehouse\nPrint Collector/Getty Images\nOnly three years after \"The Door,\" Damon Runyon (writer of \"Guys and Dolls\") satirized the trope in his short story, \"What, No Butler?\"", "The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nThe phrase \"the butler did it\" may have become even more common thanks to humorist P.G. Wodehouse (above). His 1957 novel about Keggs the butler was published in the U.S. as \"The Butler Did It\" (in the U.K. it was called \"Something Fishy\"). While Keggs isn't a murderer, he does blackmail his former employer with information he heard while eavesdropping 30 years earlier (via Russian Wodehouse Society).", "The Origin and History of the Phrase The Butler Did It in Mystery Fiction\nWodehouse was famous for creating another popular butler character, Jeeves. Far from being a criminal, Jeeves was clever and was constantly rescuing his employer, Bertie Wooster, from complex dilemmas, according to Britannica. Still, the Wodehouse-butler association may have further popularized the phrase. Overall, though, it seems as though most of the time in mystery writing, the butler didn't do it after all."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://books.google.com.co/books?id=6YeBAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA46&focus=viewport&vq=beginner&dq=editions:ISBN3736814208&output=html_text

The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan

["The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nThe Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nPor Arthur Smith\nless is called \"Dame\" in Japanese, but etymologically the word really means \"horse's eye,\" as the Japanese, not being admirers of the vacant stare of that noble animal, have used this word as a synonym for all that is useless. Therefore the syllable \"Me\" does mean an eye, and is the same word that is used to designate the intersections, but its recurrence in this connection is merely an accident.)", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nIt is difficult for the beginner at first to understand why the filling of these \"Dame\" results in no advantage to either player, and beginners often fill up such spaces even before the end of the game, feeling that they are gaining ground slowly but surely; and the Japanese have a saying, \"Heta go ni dame nashi,\" which means that there are no \"Dame\" in beginners' Go, as beginners do not recognize their uselessness", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nOn the other hand, a necessary move will sometimes look like \"Dame.\" The moves that are likely to be so confused are the final connecting moves or \"Tsugu,\" where a potential connection has been made early in the game, but which need to be filled up to complete the chain. In the Illustrative Game, Number 1, the \"Dame\" are all given, but a little practice is necessary before they can always be recognized.", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nWhen the \"Dame\" have been filled, and the dead stones have been removed from the board, there is no reason why the players should not at once proceed to counting up which of them has the greatest amount of vacant space, less, of course, the number of stones they have lost, and thus determine who is the victor", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nAs a matter of practice, however, the Japanese do not do this immediately, but, purely for the purpose of facilitating the count, the player having the white pieces would fill up his adversary's territory with", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nthe black stones he had captured as far as they would go, and the player having the black stones would fill up his adversary's territory with the white stones that he had captured; and thereupon the entire board is reconstructed, so that the vacant spaces come into rows of fives and tens, so that they are easier to count", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nThis has really nothing to do with the game, and it is merely a device to make the counting of the spaces easier, but it seems like a mysterious process to a novice, and adds not a little to the general mystery with which the end of the game seems to be surrounded when an Occidental sees it played for the first time", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nThis process of arrangement is called \"Me wo tsukuru.\" It may be added that if any part of the board contains the situation called \"Seki,\" that portion is left alone, and is not reconstructed like the rest of the board.", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nPlate 8 shows a completed game in which the \"Dame\u201d have all been filled, but the dead stones have not yet been removed from the board. Let us first see which of the stones are dead. It is easy to see that the white stone at NII is hopeless, as it is cut off in every direction. The same is true of the white stone at B 18", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nIt is not so easy to see that the black stones at L and M 18, N, O, P, Q and R 17, N 16, and M and N 15 are dead, but against a good player they would have no hope of forming the necessary two \"Me,\" and they are therefore conceded to be dead; but a good player could probably manage to defend them against a novice", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nIt is still more difficult to see why the irregular white group of eighteen stones on the left-hand side of the board has been abandoned, but there also White has no chance of making the necessary two \"Me.\" At the risk of repetition I will again point out that these groups of", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\ndead stones can be taken from the board without further play.\nPlate 9 shows the same game after the dead stones have been removed and used to fill up the respective territories, and after the board has been reconstructed in accordance with the Japanese method, and it will be seen that in this case Black has won by one stone. This result can be arrived at equally well by counting up the spaces on Plate 8, but they are easier to count on Plate 9, after the \"Me wo tsukuru\" has been done.", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nPlate 10 shows another completed game. This plate is from Korschelt, and is interesting because it contains an instructive error. The game is supposed to be completed, and the black stone at C 18 is said to be dead. This is not true, because Black by playing at C 17 could not only save his stone, but kill the four white stones at the left-hand side. Therefore, before this game is completed, White must play at C 17 to defend himself", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nThis is called \u201cTsugu.\u201d On the left-hand side of the board is shown a white group which is dead, and the method of reduction of which we have already studied in detail", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nOn the right side of the board are a few scattering black stones which are dead, because they have no chance of forming a group with the necessary two \"Me.\" The question may be asked whether it is necessary for White to play at C 1 or E 1 in order to complete the connection of the group in the corner, but he is not obliged so to do unless Black chooses to play at B 1 or F 1, which, of course, Black would not do.", "The Game of Go: The National Game of Japan\nOn Plate 11, this game also is shown as reconstructed for counting, and it will be seen that White has won by two stones. Really this is an error of one stone, as White\nA B C D E F G H J K L M N O P Q R S T"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://photocalendar.talkinnewyork.com/MOLLY-BARNES-PRESENTS-JONATHAN-SANLOFER/i-cRXzgrV

MOLLY BARNES PRESENTS JONATHAN SANLOFER

["MOLLY BARNES PRESENTS JONATHAN SANLOFER\nStarting with the sudden death of his wife in his arms in just ten minutes on a day when she had had no symptoms of sickness after outpatient surgery on her knee the day before, possibly due to sudden mixed drug side effects, artist Jonathan Sandlofer described how he slowly emerged from his own emotional shutting down to find a way forward in writing his daily experience in a notebook, and how he applied his experience of writing five or six successful crime novels after an earlier career in painting to shape these notes into a book, A Widower's Notebook, which he never intended to publish but which his new agent took over and which even before publication became the talk of the town and led to a \"beauty show\" of bidding by five publishers, won by Penguin, whoi launched a genuine best seller last year which is now his chief claim to fame, since it has met with a tidal wave of acceptance which still yields some ten emails a day from people who are moved and helped by the work, which shows that Sandlofer is", "MOLLY BARNES PRESENTS JONATHAN SANLOFER\nnow his chief claim to fame, since it has met with a tidal wave of acceptance which still yields some ten emails a day from people who are moved and helped by the work, which shows that Sandlofer is an exceptionally fine painter in words of the concrete and live detail of felt experience, moment by moment, possessed with a consummate story telling ability, with which he proved the therapist Carl Rogers' principle that \u201cwhat is most personal is most universal.\u201d A remarkable facet of the book are the drawings he made copying photographs of his wife, himself, his daughter, and his cat, which he said allowed him \"to make something from my sadness, for a drawing has life because you put your hand to it\", including some of his cat which he acquired in Yaddo Art Colony and which hated him at first for two days \"but then we fell in love\"", "MOLLY BARNES PRESENTS JONATHAN SANLOFER\nHe said he had given as many as 80 talks on his book and his advice to anyone who suffered a loss was to \"do anything - garden, cook. I had writing and drawing. The thing I discovered about writing is that you remember so much when you are writing about the past", "MOLLY BARNES PRESENTS JONATHAN SANLOFER\nDrawing from photographs allowed me to live in those moments, such as when we first met in art school, after which we broke up but than married for forty years,\"quite successfully \"though I don't believe there is any marriage which doesn't include the word 'divorce'!\""]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.xavier.edu/news/Xaviers-new-Williams-College-of-Business-building-opens-on-Tuesday-June-29-for-faculty-and-staff.cfm?grp_id=1

/ Xavier News and Events / University News Xavier's new Williams College of Business building opens on Tuesday, June 29, for faculty and staff The move into the new space in the Stephen and Dolores Smith Hall takes place over several days | June 24, 2010

["", "\nFaculty and staff of the Williams College of Business begin moving into their new offices in the Stephen and Dolores Smith Hall on Tuesday morning, June 29. The newly constructed building is part of the James E. Hoff, S.J., Academic Quad, which also includes the Conaton Learning Commons, also nearing completion, and a new central utility plant.", "\nBoth buildings in the Hoff Quad have been constructed at the corner of Dana Avenue and Ledgewood Drive as part of the $200 million To See Great Wonders Campaign, which also includes construction of a new residence hall, now underway, and growing the University\u2019s endowment and Annual Fund. Construction fencing has been removed from around both buildings, landscaping is in place and an island is being installed down the center of Ledgewood, creating a boulevard effect and a new main entrance to campus.", "\nCost of constructing the Quad buildings, including the street treatment, parking, landscaping and utility plant, is $88 million.\nThe business school staff now housed in Hailstones Hall begin moving at 10:00 a.m. Tuesday. A second group now housed in Schott Hall moves on Wednesday, June 30. The remaining group of 23 staff must wait until repairs are made to an area of the new building damaged by a water valve failure on the second floor. They are expected to be moved in before classes start on Aug. 20.", "\nThe Conaton Learning Commons will be ready for staff in mid-July.\nThe new Williams College of Business building includes:\n\u2022 Four floors of classrooms and offices for undergraduate and graduate business education.\n\u2022 88,123 square feet, 178 parking spaces, and 105 offices in suites for better communication and collaboration.\n\u2022 17 technology-driven classrooms and 17 project work rooms.", "\n\u2022 Three Executive-In-Residence suites. \u2022 Multimedia trading room featuring computer terminals with Bloomberg financial database and Reuter Station capabilities.\n\u2022 The Sedler Family Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, the Cintas Institute for Business Ethics and the Center for Applied Finance.\n\u2022 Sustainable features such as extensive use of natural daylight, lighting-control systems, low-flow water fixtures, and an energy recovery system that rescues energy from air exhausted from the building.", "\nFor more information about the Hoff Quad, please visit www.xavier.edu/hoffquad."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www3.illinois.gov/PressReleases/ShowPressRelease.cfm?SubjectID=1&RecNum=9825

Governor Quinn Honors Volunteers for Working to Improve Their Communities Twenty-Eight Groups Recognized with Governor’s Home Town Awards; Mascoutah Little Indians Youth Football Program Takes Governor’s Cup

["", "\nSPRINGFIELD \u2013 October 26, 2011. Governor Pat Quinn today recognized 28 outstanding volunteer groups from throughout Illinois with Governor\u2019s Home Town Awards (GHTA). The GHTA recognizes volunteers for their work to improve their communities. The city of Mascoutah\u2019s Little Indians Youth Football Program was honored this year with the coveted Governor\u2019s Cup.", "\n\u201cThe volunteers we are recognizing today truly exemplify the best Illinois has to offer by going above and beyond to make their communities better places to live,\u201d Governor Quinn said. \u201cBy investing their time and talent, these individuals are not only supporting their neighbors, but also uplifting the entire state.\u201d", "\nThe Governor\u2019s Home Town Awards recipients were chosen by a group of volunteer judges who reviewed and ranked applications based on community need, use of resources and results. The judges then selected one project from each population category to compete for the Governor\u2019s Cup. The cup is a traveling silver trophy presented to the community whose efforts were deemed most representative of Illinois\u2019 spirit of volunteerism.", "\nThe Mascoutah Little Indians Youth Football Program was the 2011 Governor\u2019s Cup winner. Mascoutah is a community of about 7,500 located near Scott Air Force Base. The city is home to a number of retired and active duty military families. Recognizing the need for more youth programs, community members started the Little Indians Football Program. At the end of the 2010 season, more than 300 youths were involved with the program as football or cheerleading participants.", "\nProjects were judged within their population category as well as within an assigned project category such as services and mentorship, memorials and monuments, parks and recreation, beautification and sustainability, and history and historic preservation. The Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity (DCEO) administers the Governor\u2019s Home Town Awards Program.", "\nEach of the award-winning communities receives a road sign and plaque recognizing its efforts. The Governor\u2019s Cup winner receives the traveling trophy and a unique road sign that proclaims its status as the overall winner.\nThe 28 projects recognized represent the work of more than 4,300 volunteers who devoted nearly 78,000 hours of their time, which equates to more than $1.7 million in value. Nearly $1.3 million in private funds and materials were raised for these projects.\nComplete List of Winners"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://bccc.edu/transcripts

Business & Continuing Ed Baltimore City Community College

["", "\nRecords & TranscriptsTranscript Request Form (PDF)Transcript Request Procedure:Transcripts may only be requested in person or by mail. Transcript Request Forms may be downloaded from the link above or obtained from the Liberty Campus. In Person Requests (Liberty Campus):Students requesting transcripts at the Liberty Campus can initiate and complete this process through the Student Accounting Office and the Cashier's Office. Both offices are located in the Main Building of Liberty Campus", "\nThe process is as follows:1. Students should pick up a transcript request form from the Student Accounting Office and complete the form there. The office will check for outstanding obligations. 2. Students will be directed to the Cashier\u2019s window to pay the transcript fee. 3. The Cashier will hold the transcript request form for the Records and Registration Office. 4", "\nThe Records and Registration Office will pick up transcript requests forms from the Cashier and process them daily for 24-hour pick up, mailing and electronic mail. Requesting a Transcript by Mail:To make a request by mail, please complete and return the Transcript Request Form (download the free Adobe Reader from here)", "\nRequests made by mail should include where you would like BCCC to send the transcript, the date you last attended, your social security number, and a check or money order made payable to Baltimore City Community College. Please indicate whether or not you would like the transcript to be official. Official transcripts are usually addressed to employers, potential employers and other schools. Each transcript is $5.00 per copy. Please do not send cash", "\nMail-in requests should be sent to:Baltimore City Community CollegeAttention: General AccountingRecords & Registration2901 Liberty Heights AvenueBaltimore, Maryland 21215Picking Up Transcripts:Students can pick up processed transcripts from the Registrar during normal business hours: Monday, Thursday and Friday, 8:30 a.m.- 5p.m., Tuesday and Wednesday 8:30 a.m.-7 p.m., and Saturday 9:00 a.m.- 1:00p.m.Any questions related to the transcript process, please feel free to contact Nena Kutniewski at 410-462-8369", "\n2901 Liberty Heights Avenue \u2022 Baltimore, MD 21215-7807"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://csce.gov/index.cfm?FuseAction=ContentRecords.ViewDetail&ContentRecord_id=460&Region_id=0&Issue_id=0&ContentType=S&ContentRecordType=S&CFID=24323141&CFTOKEN=948a3ead888841a-1872215F-C82A-E335-F4F9911592776710

Washington, Monday, December 16, 2013 HON. BENJAMIN L. CARDIN OF MARYLAND

["", "\nMr. CARDIN. Madam President, earlier this year I chaired a Helsinki Commission hearing on the situation in Hungary. Today, I would like to revisit some of the issues addressed by our witnesses. Since the April 2010 elections, Hungary has undertaken the most dramatic legal transformation that Europe has seen in decades. A new Constitution was passed with votes of the ruling party alone, and even that has already been amended five times", "\nMore than 700 new laws have been passed, including laws on the media, religion, and civic associations. There is a new civil code and a new criminal code. There is an entirely new electoral framework. The magnitude and scope of these changes have understandably put Hungary under a microscope.", "\nAt the Helsinki Commission's hearing in March, I examined concerns that these changes have undermined Hungary's system of democratic checks and balances, independence of the judiciary, and freedoms of the media and religion. I also received testimony about rising revisionism and extremism. I heard from Jozsef Szajer, a Member of the European Parliament who represented the Hungarian Government at the hearing. Princeton constitutional law expert Kim Lane Scheppelle, Dr. Paul Shapiro from the U.S", "\nHolocaust Memorial Museum, and Sylvana Habdank-Kolaczkowska from Freedom House presented compelling testimony.", "\nUnfortunately, developments in Hungary remain troubling.\nEven though Hungary's religion law was tweaked after the Constitutional Court struck down parts of it, it retains a discriminatory two-tier system. Moreover, the Parliament is empowered with the extraordinary and, for all practical purposes, unreviewable power to decide what is and what is not a religion.", "\nThis month, the government announced it is launching an investigation into the Methodist Evangelical Church, a church persecuted during communist times. Today, the Methodist Evangelical Church is known for its outreach to Roma, work with the homeless and is one of the largest charitable organizations in Hungary. As I noted at the Helsinki Commission hearing in March, it is also one of the hundreds of religious groups stripped of official recognition after the passage of Hungary's new religion law", "\nThe church has now complied with submitting the necessary number of supporters required by the law and, as a reply, the government has announced an unidentified ``expert'' will conduct an investigation into the church's beliefs and tenets. This step only reinforces fears that parliamentary denial of recognition as a so-called ``Accepted Church'' opens the door for further repressive measures.", "\nVeneration of Hungary's wartime regent, Miklos Horthy, along with other anti-Semitic figures such as writer Jozsef Nyiro, continues. In November, a statue of Hungarian Jewish poet Miklos Radnoti, who was killed by Hungarian Nazis at the end of 1944, was rammed with a car and broken in half. At roughly the same time, extremists staged a book burning of his works along with other materials they called ``Zionist publications.'' At the beginning of December, two menorahs were vandalized in Budapest.", "\nReflecting the climate of extremism, more than 160 Hungarian nationals have been found by Canada this year to have a well-founded fear of persecution. Almost all are Romani, but the refugees include an 80-year-old award winning Hungarian Jewish writer who received death threats after writing about anti-Semitism in Hungary, and was stripped of his honorary citizenship of Budapest on an initiative from the far-right Jobbik party, supported by the votes of the ruling Fidesz party.", "\nWhile there are many who suggest the real problem comes from the extremist opposition party Jobbik, and not the ruling government, it seems that some members of Fidesz have contributed to a rise in intolerance.", "\nI am particularly troubled that the government-created Media Council, consisting entirely of Fidesz delegated members, has threatened ATV--an independent television station--with punitive fines if it again characterizes Jobbik as extremist. If you can't even talk about what is extremist or anti-Semitic in Hungary without facing legal sanctions, how can you combat extremism and anti-Semitism? Moreover, this decision serves to protect Jobbik from critical debate in the advance of next year's elections. Why?", "\nOther new measures further stifle free speech.\nUnfortunately, and somewhat shockingly, last month Hungary amended its defamation law to allow for the imposition of prison terms up to 3 years.", "\nThe imposition of jail time for speech offenses was a hallmark of the communist era. During the post-communist transition, the Helsinki Commission consistently urged OSCE countries to repeal criminal defamation and insult laws entirely. In 2004, for example, the Helsinki Commission wrote to Minister of Justice Peter Barandy regarding the criminal convictions of Andras Bencsik and Laszlo Attila Bertok", "\nThis new law, raced through under an expedited procedure in the wake of a bi-election controversy in which allegations of voter manipulation were traded, was quickly criticized by the OSCE representative on Freedom of the Media. I share her concerns that these changes to the criminal code may lead to the silencing of critical or differing views in society and are inconsistent with OSCE commitments.", "\nHungary was once held up as a model of peaceful democratic transition and is situated in a region of Europe where the beacon of freedom is still sought by many today. I hope Hungary will return to a leadership role in the protection of human rights and the promotion of democracy. ###"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.azsos.gov/election/2000/info/pubpamphlet/prop9-I-2000.htm

AN INITIATIVE MEASURE DRUG MEDICALIZATION, PREVENTION, AND CONTROL ACT OF 2000

["", "\nPROPOSING AMENDMENTS TO THE ARIZONA REVISED STATUTES: AMENDING TITLE 13, CHAPTER 13, RELATING TO PRESCRIBING CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE 1 FOR SERIOUSLY ILL AND TERMINALLY ILL PATIENTS; AMENDING TITLE 13, CHAPTER 9 RELATING TO TRANSFER OF FORFEITURE MONIES AND ASSETS TO DRUG TREATMENT AND EDUCATION FUND, PENALTIES FOR PERSONS CONVICTED OF PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES, AND PENALTIES FOR PERSONS WHO POSSESS MARIJUANA HAVING A WEIGHT OF LESS THAN 2 OUNCES; AMENDING TITLE 13, CHAPTER 6 RELATING TO MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM MANDATORY DRUG SENTENCING LAWS; AMENDING TITLE 31, CHAPTER 3 AND TITLE 41, CHAPTER 11, RELATING TO PAROLE FOR PERSONS PREVIOUSLY CONVICTED OF PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE.", "\nBE IT ENACTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ARIZONA:\nThe following amendments are proposed to become valid when approved by a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon and on proclamation of the Governor.\nSection 1.\tTitle\nThis Act shall be known and may be cited as the \"Drug Medicalization, Prevention, and Control Act of 2000.\"\nSection 2.\tFindings and Declarations\nThe people of the State of Arizona find and declare the following:", "\nThe Drug Medicalization, Prevention, and Control Act approved by 65.4% of the voters in 1996 is saving the state money and making our neighborhoods safer by diverting non-violent drug users into treatment rather than incarcerating them. According to a Report Card prepared by the Arizona Supreme Court, the Drug Medicalization, Prevention, and Control Act is \"resulting in safer communities and more substance abusing probationers in recovery.\" The Report Card showed the following:", "\n2622 non-violent offenders participated in the program;\n77.5% of those who completed the program remained drug free; and\nArizona cost-savings as a result of the program is at least $2,563,062.", "\nThe Drug Medicalization, Prevention, and Control Act of 2000 will expand on the 1996 Act by substantially increasing the funding for drug treatment and expanding sentencing reforms for non-violent drug users. This will result in greater cost-savings to the state, safer communities, and more prison space for violent offenders.", "\nThe Drug Medicalization, Prevention, and Control Act of 2000 will also correct any further circumvention or misunderstanding of the 1996 Act by the courts, county attorneys, and federal government by clarifying the medical marijuana and sentencing reform provisions of the original 1996 Act.\nSection 3.\tPurpose and Intent\nThe people of the State of Arizona declare their purposes to be as follows:", "\nDrug treatment and prevention will be paid for by the criminals themselves. Confiscated assets which have been forfeited will be placed in the Drug Treatment and Education Fund, with 75% of the funding designated for drug treatment and 25% of the funding earmarked for drug and gang prevention.", "\nTougher punishments will be ensured for serious drug felons, but the mandatory minimum sentences will be removed for non-violent drug users. The mandatory minimum drug sentences will be repealed and the maximum penalty for drug crimes \ufffd both fines and sentences \ufffd will be increased by 20%.", "\nArizona marijuana laws, which currently provide that someone caught with a joint could be charged with a felony and possible jail time, will be changed. Possession for small amounts of marijuana will be changed to a violation with a fine.", "\nMedical marijuana provisions of the Drug Medicalization, Prevention, and Control Act of 1996 will be updated to ensure that doctors could not be sanctioned by the federal government and that qualified patients will have access to medical marijuana through a program which will be supervised by the Arizona Attorney General.", "\nSentencing provisions of the Drug Medicalization, Prevention, and Control Act of 1996 requiring mandatory treatment and probation/parole for those convicted of drug possession will be clarified. Currently, the courts have not understood that the original Act clearly stated that first- and second-time offenders should not be incarcerated in jail or prison. In addition, some prosecutors have been trying to circumvent the mandatory treatment provisions of the original Act by invoking paraphernalia laws", "\nThe new Act remedies both these situations and will restore the parole provisions repealed by the 1997 Legislature.", "\nTitle 13, Chapter 13. Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended as follows:\n\ufffd13-3412.01.\tPrescribing controlled substances included in schedule I for seriously ill and terminally ill patients", "\nA.\tNotwithstanding any law to the contrary, any medical doctor licensed to practice in this state may prescribe a controlled substance included in schedule I as prescribed by section 36-2512 to treat a disease, or to relieve the pain and suffering of a seriously ill patient or terminally ill patient subject to the provisions of this section. In prescribing such a controlled substance, the medical doctor shall comply with professional medical standards.", "\nB.\tNotwithstanding any law to the contrary, a medical doctor shall document that scientific research exists which supports the use of a controlled substance listed in schedule I as prescribed by section 36-2512 to treat a disease, or to relieve the pain and suffering of a seriously ill patient or a terminally ill patient before prescribing the controlled substance", "\nA medical doctor prescribing a controlled substance included in schedule I as prescribed by section 36-2512 to treat a disease, or to relieve the pain and suffering of a seriously ill patient or terminally ill patient, shall obtain the written opinion of a second medical doctor that prescribing the controlled substance is appropriate to treat a disease or to relieve the pain and suffering of a seriously ill patient or terminally ill patient", "\nThe written opinion of the second medical doctor shall be kept in the patient\ufffds official medical file. Before prescribing the controlled substance included in schedule I as prescribed by section 36-2512 the medical doctor shall receive in writing the consent of the patient.", "\nC.\tNOTWITHSTANDING ANY LAW TO THE CONTRARY, ANY PHYSICIAN WHO RECOMMENDS MEDICAL MARIJUANA SHALL:", "\nDISCUSS WITH THE PATIENT THE POSSIBLE HEALTH RISKS AND THERAPEUTIC OR PALLIATIVE BENEFITS OF THE MEDICAL USE OF MARIJUANA TO RELIEVE PAIN OR ALLEVIATE SYMPTOMS OF THE PATIENT\ufffdS CONDITION, BASED ON INFORMATION KNOWN TO THE PHYSICIAN, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, CLINICAL STUDIES OR ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE REPORTED IN MEDICAL LITERATURE, OR OBSERVATIONS OR INFORMATION CONCERNING THE USE OF MARIJUANA BY OTHER PATIENTS WITH THE SAME OR SIMILAR CONDITIONS; AND", "\nPROVIDE THE PATIENT WITH THE PHYSICIAN\ufffdS PROFESSIONAL OPINION CONCERNING THE POSSIBLE BALANCE OF RISKS AND BENEFITS OF THE MEDICAL USE OF MARIJUANA TO RELIEVE PAIN OR ALLEVIATE SYMPTOMS IN THE PATIENT\ufffdS PARTICULAR CASE; AND", "\nADVISE THE PATIENT IN WRITING, ON THE BASIS OF THE PHYSICIAN\ufffdS KNOWLEDGE OF THE PATIENT\ufffdS MEDICAL HISTORY AND CONDITION, THAT THE PATIENT MIGHT BENEFIT FROM THE MEDICAL USE OF MARIJUANA TO RELIEVE PAIN OR ALLEVIATE SYMPTOMS OF THE PATIENT\ufffdS CONDITION. THE WRITTEN ADVICE SHALL BE KEPT IN THE PATIENT\ufffdS OFFICIAL MEDICAL FILE.", "\nC.D.\tAny failure to comply with the provisions of this section may be the subject of investigation and appropriate disciplining DISCIPLINARY action by the allopathic board of medical examiners.", "\nE.\tNOTWITHSTANDING ANY LAW TO THE CONTRARY, THE ATTORNEY GENERAL SHALL ESTABLISH A PATIENT REGISTRY FOR PATIENTS WHO QUALIFY PURSUANT TO \ufffd 13-3412.01C AND SHALL IMPLEMENT A SYSTEM FOR LEGAL DISTRIBUTION OF MEDICAL MARIJUANA TO QUALIFIED PATIENTS. THE PROVISIONS OF \ufffd\ufffd 13-3402, 13-3403, 13-3404, 13-3404.01 AND 13-3405 THROUGH 13-3409 SHALL NOT APPLY TO ANY QUALIFIED PATIENT WHO RECEIVES, POSSESSES OR USES MARIJUANA IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF \ufffd 13-3412.01C", "\nTHE SYSTEM SHALL UTILIZE MEDICAL MARIJUANA FROM THE FEDERAL COMPASSIONATE USE PROGRAM OR FROM TESTED CONFISCATED MARIJUANA. ANY PATIENT WHO QUALIFIES PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL PAY FOR THE COST OF RECEIVING SERVICES FROM THE SYSTEM TO THE EXTENT HE OR SHE IS ABLE TO. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL SHALL ADOPT ADMINISTRATIVE RULES AND REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SUBSECTION", "\nTHE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY SHALL PROVIDE WHATEVER ASSISTANCE IS NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SUBSECTION.", "\nTitle 13, Chapter 9. Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended as follows:\n\ufffd13-901.01.\tProbation for persons convicted of personal possession and use of controlled substances; treatment; prevention; education", "\nNotwithstanding any law to the contrary, any person who is convicted of the personal possession or use of a controlled substance as defined in \ufffd 36-2501, OR WHO IS CONVICTED OF THE PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF PARAPHERNALIA ASSOCIATED WITH POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, is eligible for probation. THE COURT SHALL NOT IMPOSE ANY SANCTION WHICH INCLUDES INCARCERATION IN PRISON OR JAIL AS A CONDITION OF PROBATION", "\nThe court shall suspend the imposition or execution of sentence and place such person on probation.", "\nAny person who has been convicted of or indicted for a violent crime as defined in \ufffd 41-1604.15, subsection B 13-604.04 is not eligible for probation as provided for in this section but instead shall be sentenced pursuant to the other provisions of chapter 34 of this title.", "\nPersonal possession or use of a controlled substance, OR PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF PARAPHERNALIA ASSOCIATED WITH POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, pursuant to this section shall not include possession for sale, production, manufacturing, or transportation for sale of any controlled substance.", "\nIf a person is convicted of personal possession or use of a controlled substance as defined in \ufffd 36-2501 OR PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF PARAPHERNALIA ASSOCIATED WITH POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, as a condition of probation, the court shall require participation in an appropriate drug treatment or education program administered by a qualified agency or organization that provides such programs to persons who abuse controlled substances", "\nTHE COURT SHALL NOT IMPOSE ANY SANCTION WHICH INCLUDES INCARCERATION IN PRISON OR JAIL AS A CONDITION OF PROBATION. Each person enrolled in a drug treatment or education program shall be required to pay for participation in the program to the extent of the person\ufffds financial ability.", "\nA person who has been placed on probation under the provisions of this section and who is determined by the court to be in violation of probation shall have new conditions of probation established by the court. The court shall select the additional conditions it deems necessary, including intensified drug treatment, community service, intensive probation, home arrest, or any other sanctions short of incarceration IN PRISON OR JAIL.", "\nIf a person is convicted a second time of personal possession or use of a controlled substance as defined in \ufffd 36-2501 OR PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF PARAPHERNALIA ASSOCIATED WITH POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, the court may include additional conditions of probation it deems necessary, including intensified drug treatment, community service, intensive probation, home arrest, or any other action within the jurisdiction of the court", "\nTHE COURT SHALL NOT IMPOSE ANY SANCTION WHICH INCLUDES INCARCERATION IN PRISON OR JAIL AS A CONDITION OF PROBATION. A person who has been convicted three times of personal possession or use of a controlled substance as defined in \ufffd 36-2501 OR OF PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF PARAPHERNALIA ASSOCIATED WITH POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE is not eligible for probation under the provisions of this section but instead shall be sentenced pursuant to the other provisions of chapter 34 of this title.", "\nFOR THE PURPOSES OF DETERMINING WHETHER A PERSON IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SUBSECTION G, ONLY CONVICTIONS FOR PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE OR PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF PARAPHERNALIA ASSOCIATED WITH POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE THAT OCCUR AFTER DECEMBER 1, 1996 SHALL APPLY.\nTitle 13, Chapter 9. Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by adding \ufffd 13-2314.05 to read as follows:\n\ufffd 13-2314.05\tAsset forfeiture", "\nNotwithstanding any law to the contrary, any monies or assets obtained after the effective date of this act as a result of a forfeiture pursuant to \ufffd 13-2314.01 et seq", "\nby any department or agency of this state or any political sub-division of this state from any department or agency of the United States or another state as a result of participation in any investigation or prosecution, whether by final judgment, settlement or otherwise, shall be transferred from the fund established pursuant to \ufffd 13-2314.01 to the drug treatment and education fund established pursuant to \ufffd 13-901.02 within 30 days of the deposit of the funds in the anti-racketeering revolving fund.", "\nAny department or agency of this state or any political sub-division of this state shall be reimbursed for all expenditures made or incurred by it in connection with the sale of forfeited property or assets, including any necessary repairs, storage, or transportation of any property or assets seized. The remaining funds shall be transferred to the drug treatment and education fund pursuant to the provisions of subsection A.", "\nMonies deposited in the drug treatment and education fund pursuant to subsection A shall be utilized as follows:\nSeventy-five percent of the funds for drug treatment\nTwenty-five percent of the funds for drug prevention and gang prevention.", "\nNotwithstanding any other provision of law, whoever, acting under color of official title or position, takes any action to conceal, withhold, retain, divert or otherwise prevent any monies, conveyances, real property, or any things of value forfeited under this section or forfeited and transferred to a state or local agency under the laws of the United States, from being disposed of in accordance with the provisions of this section shall be subject to a civil penalty in an amount that is treble the value of the forfeiture.", "\nActions to enforce the provisions of this section may be brought by any person in the public interest if (1) the action is commenced more than sixty days after the person has given notice of the violation which is the subject of the action to the Attorney General and the district attorney and any city attorney in whose jurisdiction the violation is alleged to occur and to the alleged violator, and (2) neither the Attorney General nor any district attorney nor any city attorney or prosecutor has commenced and is diligently prosecuting an action against such violation.", "\nAny monies which are in the fund established pursuant to \ufffd 13-2314.01 as of the effective date of this Act shall be transferred within 15 days to the drug treatment and education fund.\nTitle 13, Chapter 9. Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by adding \ufffd 13-3405.1 to read as follows:\n\ufffd 13-3405.1\tPOSSESSION OR USE OF MARIJUANA HAVING A WEIGHT OF LESS THAN 2 OUNCES.", "\nNOTWITHSTANDING ANY LAW TO THE CONTRARY, ANY PERSON WHO POSSESSES NOT MORE THAN 2 OUNCES OF MARIJUANA OR WHO POSSESSES PARAPHERNALIA ASSOCIATED WITH THE POSSESSION OF MARIJUANA, IS GUILTY OF A VIOLATION AND SHALL BE PUNISHED BY A FINE OF NOT MORE THAN FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS ($500)", "\nIN ANY CASE IN WHICH A PERSON IS ARRESTED FOR A VIOLATION OF THIS SECTION, SUCH PERSON SHALL BE RELEASED BY THE ARRESTING OFFICER UPON PRESENTATION OF SATISFACTORY EVIDENCE OF IDENTITY AND GIVING HIS WRITTEN PROMISE TO APPEAR IN COURT, AND SHALL NOT BE SUBJECTED TO BOOKING.", "\nTHE COURT MAY REQUIRE SUCH PERSONS TO ATTEND A DRUG EDUCATION PROGRAM IN ADDITION TO IMPOSITION OF A FINE.\nTHE PROVISION OF \ufffd 13-901.01 SHALL NOT APPLY TO ANY PERSON WHO VIOLATES THIS SECTION AND SUCH PERSON SHALL BE SUBJECT ONLY TO THE PENALTIES IMPOSED BY THIS SECTION.", "\nPersonal possession of not more than 2 ounces of marijuana, or personal possession or use of paraphernalia associated with personal possession of marijuana, shall not include possession for sale, production, manufacturing, or transportation for sale of marijuana.\nTitle 13, Chapter 6. Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by adding \ufffd 13-610 to read as follows:\n\ufffd 13-610\tMAXIMUM AND MINIMUM MANDATORY DRUG SENTENCING LAWS", "\nA.\tNOTWITHSTANDING ANY LAW ANY TO THE CONTRARY, THE MAXIMUM PENALTY AND FINE FOR ANY CONVICTION OF A DRUG OFFENSE INCLUDED IN TITLE 13 IS INCREASED BY TWENTY PERCENT.\nB.\tNOTWITHSTANDING ANY LAW TO THE CONTRARY, THERE SHALL BE NO MINIMUM MANDATORY PENALTY AND FINE FOR ANY CONVICTION OF A DRUG OFFENSE WHOSE MAXIMUM PENALTY IS INCREASED PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION A.", "\nC.\tTHE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION SHALL NOT APPLY TO ANY PERSON CONVICTED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF \ufffd 13-901.01, \ufffd 13-3405.1, \ufffd 13-3411, OR \ufffd 41-1604.15.\nTitle 41, Chapter 11. Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by adding \ufffd 41-1604.18 to read as follows:\n\ufffd 41-1604.18\tPAROLE ELIGIBILITY FOR PERSONS PREVIOUSLY CONVICTED OF PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE", "\nNotwithstanding any law to the contrary, if a prisoner has been convicted of the personal possession or use of a controlled substance as defined in \ufffd 36-2501 and is not currently serving another sentence, the prisoner shall be eligible for parole.\nAny person who has previously been convicted of a violent crime as defined in \ufffd 13-604.04 shall not be eligible for parole pursuant to the provisions of this section.", "\nPersonal possession or use of a controlled substance, as defined in \ufffd 36-2501, shall not include possession for sale, production, manufacture, or transportation for sale of any controlled substance.\nWithin thirty (30) days of the effective date of this Act, the director of the state department of corrections shall prepare a list which identifies each person who is eligible for parole pursuant to the provisions of this section and deliver the list to the Board of Executive Clemency.\nSection 10.", "\nTitle 31, Chapter 3. Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by adding \ufffd 31-411.01 to read as follows:\n\ufffd 31-411.01\tPAROLE FOR PERSONS PREVIOUSLY CONVICTED OF PERSONAL POSSESSION OR USE OF A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE", "\nA.\tNOTWITHSTANDING ANY LAW TO THE CONTRARY, EVERY PRISONER WHO IS ELIGIBLE FOR PAROLE PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF \ufffd 41-1604.18 SHALL BE RELEASED UPON PAROLE WITHIN NINETY (90) DAYS OF THE ISSUANCE OF THE LIST REQUIRED PURSUANT TO \ufffd 41-1604.18D PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT IF THE BOARD OF EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY DETERMINES BEYOND A REASONABLE DOUBT THAT A PRISONER SO ELIGIBLE WOULD BE A DANGER TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC, THAT PRISONER SHALL NOT BE RELEASED UPON PAROLE.", "\nB.\tAS TO EACH PRISONER RELEASED UPON PAROLE PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION, THE BOARD SHALL ORDER THAT AS A CONDITION OF PAROLE THE PERSON BE REQUIRED TO PARTICIPATE IN AN APPROPRIATE DRUG TREATMENT OR EDUCATION PROGRAM ADMINISTERED BY A QUALIFIED AGENCY OR ORGANIZATION THAT PROVIDES SUCH TREATMENTS TO PERSONS WHO ABUSE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES", "\nEACH PERSON ENROLLED IN A DRUG TREATMENT OR EDUCATION PROGRAM SHALL BE REQUIRED TO PAY FOR HIS OR HER PARTICIPATION IN THE PROGRAM TO THE EXTENT OF HIS OR HER FINANCIAL ABILITY. C.\tEACH PERSON RELEASED UPON PAROLE PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION SHALL REMAIN ON PAROLE UNLESS THE BOARD REVOKES PAROLE OR GRANTS AN ABSOLUTE DISCHARGE FROM PAROLE OR UNTIL THE PRISONER REACHES HIS OR HER INDIVIDUAL EARNED RELEASE CREDIT DATE PURSUANT TO SECTION 41-1604.10", "\nWHEN THE PRISONER REACHES HIS OR HER INDIVIDUAL EARNED RELEASE CREDIT DATE, HIS OR HER PAROLE SHALL BE TERMINATED AND HE OR SHE SHALL NO LONGER BE UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD.", "\nSection 11.\tSeverability\nIf any provision of this Act, or part thereof, is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional, the remaining sections shall not be affected but shall remain in full force and effect, and to this end the provisions of the Act are severable.\nazdrug\\10-20 INITIATIVE\tOctober 20, 1999"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/30/health/oklahoma-dental-warning/index.html?hpt=hp_t2

Scores of Tulsa dental patients tested for hepatitis, HIV exposure By Susan Candiotti. Ross Levitt and Ed Lavandera, CNN updated 12:04 PM EDT, Sun March 31, 2013 NEW: 420 people are tested for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV, health department says Score

["s of W. Scott Harrington's patients undergo tests at a Tulsa government building\n7,000 patients of his patients were warned that they might have been exposed\nAn investigation found unsanitary conditions and \"cross-contamination\" issues", "\nTulsa, Oklahoma (CNN) -- They'd gone to W. Scott Harrington's dentist office in a Tulsa, Oklahoma, suburb to have a wisdom tooth pulled or perhaps have their jaw realigned.\nOn Saturday, scores of his patients were waiting to be checked once again -- this time not to replace missing teeth, say, but to find out whether they'd been exposed to hepatitis or HIV.", "\nBy 3 p.m. local time Saturday, one hour later than planned, some 420 people -- out of 7,000 of Harrington's patients from the past six years who health authorities reached out to -- had been screened for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV at the Tulsa Health Department. They came after investigators discovered unsanitary, unprofessional conditions at Harrington's office in Owasso, 14 miles northeast of Tulsa, that one official said created a \"perfect storm\" for infections.", "\nWithin two weeks, those tested Saturday (and when the screenings resume starting Monday) should get the results back -- all because they'd gone to see an oral surgeon with 35 years of experience.\nHIV scare at dental office in Tulsa\nDentist's former patient: How could you?\nTeen: I woke up and freaked out\n\"How do you say you're sorry to 7,000 people that you could possibly have infected?\" said Melissa Wood, whose daughter -- a patient of Harrington's -- spent part of her 18th birthday getting tested.", "\nHarrington, 64, surrendered his dental license on March 20 after health investigators found sterilization, staffing and other infractions.\n\"I will tell you that when ... we left, we were just physically kind of sick,\" Susan Rogers, executive director of the Oklahoma Board of Dentistry, said earlier this week. \"That's how bad it was, and I've seen a lot of bad stuff over the years.\"", "\nThe dentistry board launched its probe after one of Harrington's patients came down with hepatitis C. That patient originally tested positive for HIV, too, but a subsequent test came back negative, the Tulsa Health Department said.\nWhile other states conduct random inspections of dentist offices with some regularity, Rogers told the Tulsa World newspaper that dentists' offices in Oklahoma are inspected only after a complaint is filed.\n5 things to check at the dentist's office", "\nInvestigators raised a number of sterilization and \"cross-contamination\" alarms -- such as \"unauthorized, unlicensed\" employees using IVs to sedate patients and that needles weren't handled properly.\nThe outward cleanliness of the office belied the mess elsewhere, Rogers said, noting that \"just basic universal precautions for blood-borne pathogens\" weren't followed.", "\nBesides being \"unlocked and unattended,\" the drug cabinet was rife with issues -- containing, for example, a drug that expired in 1993 -- according to the official complaint filed before the state dental board. Other records showed that morphine had been used in patients throughout 2012, even though the dentist had not received a morphine delivery since 2009.\nHarrington and his attorney have not returned multiple calls from CNN. And the oral surgeon wasn't home when a CNN crew went there on Saturday.", "\n\"He seems highly competent to me, just a smart guy,\" said Frank Dale, one of Harrington's neighbors. \"I was just shocked when I heard it. And I feel badly for him. I feel badly for his patients.\"\nA teenage patient, who asked not to be named, told CNN he had a bad experience at Harrington's office a year ago.", "\nDuring a surgery to remove three molars, he awoke momentarily to see profuse bleeding. He said he became alarmed but was told to \"shut up\" and hold gauze in place. When he awoke a second time, he was tied up on the floor. Harrington's staff explained that he had been \"combative\" during the operation, he said.\nDentist's office a 'perfect storm' for HIV, hepatitis exposure", "\n\"I felt when I got out of there and went through all I went through, I felt they didn't know much of what they were doing at all,\" he said.\nWood's teenage daughter, Marissa, said she finds it \"horrifying\" that her June 2011 visit to get her wisdom teeth extracted may have put her at risk for HIV or hepatitis. She remembered thinking of Harrington as a \"really nice guy\" -- but that was then.\n\"I'm angry,\" she said. \"I feel like he's ... let us down. I feel like he's let a lot of people down.\"", "\nThe U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides national guidelines for dental offices to help prevent the spread of infections. They include cleaning and sterilizing all nondisposable items such as dental tools between patients, disinfecting surfaces and requiring staff members to wear protective masks, gloves and eye wear.", "\nSince 1991, only three cases of dental infection in patients have been documented -- two with hepatitis B and one with HIV, according to the CDC. No cases of hepatitis C have been reported.\n\"This is exceedingly rare,\" said Dr. Matt Messina, a consumer adviser and spokesman for the American Dental Association, of the allegations levied against Harrington. \"I'm just angry, because this is a case, I think, so far outside of the bounds of normal that it makes it remarkable.\"", "\nThe infection risks are compounded given that Harrington told investigators he had a higher-than-normal population proportionally of HIV and hepatitis patients, Rogers said.", "\nHIV is a condition that over time destroys a body's immune system, thus its ability to fight infections. If not treated, nearly all those infected with HIV will develop AIDS, according to the National Institutes of Health. Hepatitis -- the most common types being hepatitis A, B and C -- refers to inflammation or viral infections of one's liver. Some 4.4 million Americans have chronic hepatitis, though most of them don't know it, the CDC says.", "\nOklahoma dentist let unlicensed staffers give IVs, state official says\nCNN's Greg Botelho and Mariano Castillo contributed to this report. Health Resources from HealthGrades 8 rheumatoid arthritis myths\tHelp bipolar patients with transition\t7 mistakes people with MS make\tAdvances in hepatitis c treatment\t10 Myths About Diabetes\tHome | Video | U.S. | World | Politics | Justice | Entertainment | Tech | Health | Living | Travel | Opinion | iReport | Money | Sports"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.wjcl.com/article/north-carolina-father-of-6-dies-after-being-struck-by-a-wave-at-the-beach/28460866

North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach

["North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nA father of six has died after a wave struck him on a North Carolina beach and slammed him to the sand, breaking his neck, his wife said on Twitter.Lee Dingle, 37, was playing on Oak Island's beach with three of his kids Thursday when the wave hit him, Shannon Dingle said", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nThe force of the impact broke his neck and made his throat swell so much that his brain was deprived of oxygen for too long to recover, she said.He died a day later despite the efforts of some heroes, including their kids, to try to save him, she said.\"My partner, my love, and my home died today after a freak accident,\" Shannon Hope Dingle said Friday.\"We met when I was 18 and he was 19, and we've been together ever since. I wasn't supposed to be saying goodbye at 37", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nI don't know how to be a grown up without him, but I'll learn. I just wish I didn't have to,\" she said.Oak Island Water Rescue said on Facebook that it and other agencies provided emergency care to Lee Dingle within minutes of the accident but he did not survive.Dingle was the president of Atlas Engineering in Raleigh, North Carolina, a company that specializes in solving structural problems and repairing other damage at buildings, its website says", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nAtlas Engineering senior partner Tom Caldwell said Dingle had been promoted to president just two weeks before his death.Caldwell praised Dingle's \"big heart\" and said he and his wife were raising six children, including four who were adopted.\"Lee was calm, friendly, humble and very, very capable. He always put others ahead of himself,\" Caldwell said. \"His kind do not come along often", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nWe will miss him terribly.\"Another co-worker, chief engineer and executive vice president Chris Coutu, lamented the tragic death.\"He was a dream employee and coworker, a good friend, a loving, dedicated father, and a wonderfully kind person,\" Coutu said in an email.\"He was brave, calm, and reassuring; he was somebody one would want around when conditions were dangerous or chaotic", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nHe will be greatly missed,\" he added.In addition, Dingle worked as a collapse rescue engineer with North Carolina Emergency Management", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nHe also was on the Urban Search and Rescue squad that goes into collapsed or burning buildings to rescue trapped people and recover those who had died, including at the recent gas explosions in Durham, Caldwell said.Dingle had 15 years of experience and graduated from North Carolina State University in 2004 with a degree in civil engineering.In 2016, the Dingle family was featured in a story by WTVD-TV that explored their efforts to modify a van to accommodate their daughter Zoe, who has cerebral palsy and uses a motorized wheelchair", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nAlthough they qualified for state funding for vehicle modifications, they struggled to get the state to approve money to cover the bill, the news station reported.After their story was published, a local resident stepped up to provide the needed equipment, WTVD-TV wrote.", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nA father of six has died after a wave struck him on a North Carolina beach and slammed him to the sand, breaking his neck, his wife said on Twitter.\nLee Dingle, 37, was playing on Oak Island's beach with three of his kids Thursday when the wave hit him, Shannon Dingle said. The force of the impact broke his neck and made his throat swell so much that his brain was deprived of oxygen for too long to recover, she said.", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nHe died a day later despite the efforts of some heroes, including their kids, to try to save him, she said.\n\"My partner, my love, and my home died today after a freak accident,\" Shannon Hope Dingle said Friday.\n\"We met when I was 18 and he was 19, and we've been together ever since. I wasn't supposed to be saying goodbye at 37. I don't know how to be a grown up without him, but I'll learn. I just wish I didn't have to,\" she said.", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nOak Island Water Rescue said on Facebook that it and other agencies provided emergency care to Lee Dingle within minutes of the accident but he did not survive.\nDingle was the president of Atlas Engineering in Raleigh, North Carolina, a company that specializes in solving structural problems and repairing other damage at buildings, its website says. Atlas Engineering senior partner Tom Caldwell said Dingle had been promoted to president just two weeks before his death.", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nCaldwell praised Dingle's \"big heart\" and said he and his wife were raising six children, including four who were adopted.\n\"Lee was calm, friendly, humble and very, very capable. He always put others ahead of himself,\" Caldwell said. \"His kind do not come along often. We will miss him terribly.\"\nAnother co-worker, chief engineer and executive vice president Chris Coutu, lamented the tragic death.", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\n\"He was a dream employee and coworker, a good friend, a loving, dedicated father, and a wonderfully kind person,\" Coutu said in an email.\n\"He was brave, calm, and reassuring; he was somebody one would want around when conditions were dangerous or chaotic. He will be greatly missed,\" he added.", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nIn addition, Dingle worked as a collapse rescue engineer with North Carolina Emergency Management. He also was on the Urban Search and Rescue squad that goes into collapsed or burning buildings to rescue trapped people and recover those who had died, including at the recent gas explosions in Durham, Caldwell said.\nDingle had 15 years of experience and graduated from North Carolina State University in 2004 with a degree in civil engineering.", "North Carolina father of 6 dies after being struck by a wave at the beach\nIn 2016, the Dingle family was featured in a story by WTVD-TV that explored their efforts to modify a van to accommodate their daughter Zoe, who has cerebral palsy and uses a motorized wheelchair. Although they qualified for state funding for vehicle modifications, they struggled to get the state to approve money to cover the bill, the news station reported.\nAfter their story was published, a local resident stepped up to provide the needed equipment, WTVD-TV wrote."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://blogs.timesofisrael.com/ancient-and-unique-uzbekistan-samarkand-region-ii/

Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II

["Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nNadezhda Dukhovny\nAncient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nRegistan Square in the city of Samarkand is an outstanding example of urban planning in Central Asia.\nIts name is translated as \u201cSandy Place\u201d. The true version, explaining the name of this square in Samarkand, the center of a fertile oasis, says that in the Middle Ages, in all the cities of Maveranakhr, the central squares were called Registan. These were the administrative and trade and craft centers of the eastern cities.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nRegistan Square in Samarkand. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.\nDuring the reign of the commander Amir Timur (1370-1405) Registan became the main trading point. And only under the rule of Tamerlane\u2019s grandson, Ulugh Beg, the square is given ceremonial and official significance.\nIn 2001, the architectural ensemble Registan, along with other historical monuments of Samarkand, was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nTourists from all over the world come to see one of the main attractions of Uzbekistan.\nRegistan Square at night. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe Ulugh Beg madrasah is named after the grandson of Tamerlane Ulugh Beg Mirza (1409-1449) who came to power in the middle of the 15th century in Samarkand. This man is known to the world, not only as a representative of the Timurid dynasty but also as a prominent scientist and astronomer. It was he who began the active construction of educational institutions in Bukhara, Samarkand, Shakhrisabz, and Gijduvan", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe Ulugh Beg madrasah. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.\nThe madrasah was built in 1417-1420. In artistic terms, it was not inferior to the buildings of Timur and at the same time significantly surpassed them in its strength.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nInitially, the madrasah consisted of 50 hujras, and more than a hundred students a year studied there. According to historians, Ulugbek himself taught in the madrasah. The prominent Persian poet Jami also lived and worked here. Among the most famous listeners of Jami in the madrasah were the sheikh of the Naqshbandi tariqa Khoja Akhrar Vali and the great poet Alisher Navoi.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe building had 2 floors, four high domes over the corner auditoriums, and four minarets in the corners. A giant portal, which occupies two-thirds of the main facade, faces the square with a huge and deep pointed arch.\nUlugbek madrasah was badly damaged during the internecine wars in the 18th century. The outer domes and most of the rooms on the second floor were destroyed.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nMost of the restoration work was carried out in the early 20th century by prominent engineers and architects of the time. In 1918, engineer M.F. Mauer drew up a project for the temporary strengthening of the main minaret, and the aboveground part of the base of the minaret was also fortified", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nOver the course of half a century, the courtyard facades were restored, the vault and outer walls of the northern facade were re-laid, the courtyard iwans were fortified, and the unique carved majolica mosaic in the madrasah portal was restored.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nAt the end of the last century, repair and restoration work began in the madrasah, timed to coincide with the anniversary of Ulugbek. The project included a complete reconstruction of the second floor, the restoration of architectural ceramics, and the replacement of destructive plasters and stalactites in the southwest rooms.\nToday, the Ulugbek Madrasah is one of the three pearls of Registan and an invaluable decoration of the historical center of Samarkand, included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nOne of the most famous structures of the 17th century in Samarkand, the Sherdor Madrasah, is also part of the Registan architectural ensemble. For several centuries, the madrasah was a famous Muslim educational institution, within the walls of which prominent philosophers and theologians studied.\nThe Sherdor madrasah. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe madrasah was built by order of the Ashtarkhanid Yalantgush Bahadur on the site of the dismantled khanqah of Ulugbek in 1619-1636.\nThe design is made in the traditional Central Asian style, and the main facade impresses with a grandiose entrance portal crowned with a pointed arch.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nAt first, the building was planned to be named in honor of the ruler Yalangtush Bahadur. However, the people nicknamed the building \u201cSherdor\u201d, which translates as \u201cthe abode of the lions\u201d. The madrasah got this name due to the unique decor on the tympanum of the front portal, which depicts the scene of the hunt of a fantastic animal in the guise of a snow leopard on a white gazelle in the rays of the rising sun face.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nAlthough according to the traditions of Muslims, animals or people cannot be depicted in sacred places, this madrasah has become an exception.\nThe depiction of predators hunting deer implies the need for students to chase knowledge, as lions chase their prey, and absorb wisdom, as lions eat captured animals. The human face symbolizes the deity and warns: \u201cyou need to remember that you are not immortal, even if you are a predator.\u201d", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nRui Gonzales de Clavijo, ambassador of the King of Castile and Leon Henry III to the court of the great Timur, wrote in his notes that before the Golden Age of the Timurid period, a leopard was depicted on the standards and coats of arms of Samarkand, as well as a lion or leopard, which, according to a unique legend, told Arab historian Abu-Said Abdul-Rahman Ibn Muhammad Idris, descended from the mountains during the laying of the city of Samarkand and blessed the building.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nFor nearly three centuries, the Sherdor Madrasah was the most famous educational institution among Muslims.\nThe plot depicted on the portal of the madrasah eventually became one of the national symbols of Uzbekistan.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe dimensions of the Sherdor madrasah and the Ulugbek madrasah located opposite it are practically the same. According to the architect\u2019s idea, the buildings were supposed to be mirror images of each other. However, over time, the area slightly changed the relief, so Sherdor is slightly lower than the Ulugh Beg madrasah. The decor of the building is painted with Kufic inscriptions, sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, and fragments from the Holy Quran.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nTilya Kori Madrasah is the last of the large buildings in Registan, built a generation later than the Sherdor madrasah and as much as 230 years after the Ulugbek madrasah.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIts name means \u201cWork of Gold\u201d in connection with the kundal painting in the prayer hall, which is adorned with gilded relief throughout. Like the Sher-Dor madrasah, it was sponsored by Yalangtush Bahadur, the military governor of the city, who ruled by order of the Janid dynasty of Bukhara. However, Yalangtush died in 1655-56 before the completion of the monument, which stood unfinished until the modern era, when Soviet restorers skillfully completed the outer dome of the prayer hall.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe Tilya Kori madrasah. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.\nThe building is a hybrid of a congregational mosque and a madrasah since it lacks the corner lecture halls (darskhanas) that are found in almost all major madrasahs in Central Asia. Instead, there is a large prayer hall on the west side of the building, surrounded by adjoining rooms that provide ample space for teaching and worship.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIn good weather, training could take place in the huge courtyard of the building or in the shade of three iwans facing inward. Students occupied numerous khujras (dormitories) surrounding the courtyard, but only one floor of khujras was built instead of two, as in other madrasahs in Registan. Until 1646 a caravanserai was located here.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nA Congregational Mosque would probably have been a welcome addition as the city\u2019s main mosque, built centuries before Timur (Tamerlane), was already in poor condition due to hasty construction, overly ambitious design (which damaged the structure), and lack of maintenance on the remaining parts after the death of Timur in 1405.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nLegends about Samarkand are covered with hoary antiquity, but its real history is even more ancient. The emergence of Samarkand goes back about 2.5 thousand years. The large city of Sogd, then Maverannahr, Samarkand was more than once the capital of the state, a living testimony of which is the architectural monuments that adorn it to this day. The reigning rulers tried to outshine each other with the erected buildings, spending huge amounts of money on this.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nNear the northeastern part of modern Samarkand, there is an ancient settlement \u2013 Afrasiab. By the 13th century, the city was destroyed by the wild hordes of the Mongols. On the southern outskirts of Afrasiab, among a huge necropolis, there is one of the best historical and architectural ensembles of Samarkand \u2013 a group of mausoleums called Shah-i-Zinda.\nThe Shah-i-Zinda Ensemble. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe chain of ritual buildings spilled over the rampart of the medieval defensive wall of the city, the sagging of which can be seen from the road when approaching the complex. The name of the complex \u201cShah-i-Zinda\u201d is translated from Persian as \u201cThe Living King\u201d and it is associated with the symbolic grave of Qutham ibn Abbas, a cousin of the Prophet Muhammad, who came to Samarkand in the 7th century to spread Islam with the Arabs", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nAccording to the most widespread legends, he hid in a mihrab (a prayer niche in a mosque, indicating the direction to Mecca).\nThe mausoleum of Qutham ibn Abbas is part of the complex and is located in the north-eastern part of it.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe complex began to take shape nine centuries ago. Until the second half of the 11th century, the territory where the necropolis is located was built up with residential buildings made of raw bricks and was a populated part of the city. At the end of the 11th century, part of the southern outskirts of Afrasiab was abandoned, and a cemetery began to appear here. One of the earliest buildings was the tomb of Qutham ibn Abbas, and then other, richly lined mausoleums of the XI-XIII centuries.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nAlready in those distant times, the tomb of Qutham ibn Abbas with the buildings surrounding it was considered a shrine. In the 13th century, most of the structures of the Shah-i-Zinda complex were destroyed after the defeat by the Mongols. The revival of the necropolis begins in the XIV century. New mausoleums are being erected here, whose decor and style differs from the decor of the first buildings. Carved terracotta is replaced by glazed tiles, gradually replacing the old type of facing material", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nBut the most intensive construction took place during the reign of Amir Timur. During this period, Timur\u2019s close relatives, namely his sisters and wives, as well as representatives of the military nobility of his army, erected their beautiful mausoleums at the grave of Saint Qutham ibn Abbas, hoping for his intercession in the other world. Most of the buildings of this time have survived to this day.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nDuring the reign of Ulugh Beg, large architectural and planning works were carried out. At this time, the lower entrance group was built up. In the west, a two-domed slender mausoleum is being built, which is attributed to the astronomer of the Ulugh Beg time \u2013 Kazi Zade Rumi.\nCurrently, the Shah-i-Zinda complex consists of 11 mausoleums. Most of them belong to the XIV century.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nVisiting the historical center of Samarkand, you will certainly find yourself in the majestic building of Gur-e Amir, the ancient mausoleum, the royal tomb of the Timurids. There, in one of the main rooms behind the inner walls, the ashes of the great commander are laid to rest. The middle of the huge room is decorated with the famous jade tombstone of Timur, shrouded in many secrets and legends.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nGur-e Amir architectural complex. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nAs the story tells, in the cold winter of 1404, the great Timur, at the head of his 200 thousandth army, set off on a long campaign to China. Despite his advanced age and numerous wounds and lameness that overwhelmed him for several years, he was at the apogee of his majesty and strength. Until his last days, he personally led his army and participated in all military battles", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nAt that moment, winter turned out to be one of the most severe that fell to the lot of Turkestan, and in January 1405 Timur\u2019s large army managed to reach the city of Otrar, but Tamerlane was forced to stop, as he unexpectedly caught a cold and caught pneumonia and died a few days later.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nA secret mission to send Timur\u2019s body home was entrusted to one of his confidants, Khoja Yusuf. Everyone was told that in fact one of the wives of the great emir was returning to the capital.\nUpon arrival in Samarkand, the body of Tamerlane was immediately buried in the family crypt of the madrasah of Muhammad Sultan, the beloved grandson of Tamerlane.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe educational institution was built by the emir\u2019s grandson himself to teach the Koran to young beys and Muslim warriors. Muhammad Sultan himself died in the spring of 1403 and was buried in this crypt at the madrasah. And the great Timur was buried next to his grandson.\nThe tomb of Tamerlane was decorated with a tombstone made of black jade. Several times this tombstone mysteriously disappeared, but regularly returned to its place.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nAccording to an old legend, decades later, during his trip to China, Timur\u2019s grandson Ulugh Beg in one of the provinces discovered 2 large pieces of dark green jade with mysterious inscriptions, where Timur\u2019s name was mentioned. Perhaps the stone was stolen from the tombstone by the Mongol invaders, as it was valuable as a trophy with divine power. The jade stones found by Ulugbek were brought to Samarkand and served as the second outer tombstone of Tamerlane in the Gur-e Amir mausoleum.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe following inscription was carved on the tombstone: \u201cThis is the tomb of the Great Sultan, the gracious khan, Emir Timur Gurgan, the son of Emir Taraghai.\u201d Here is also indicated the genealogy of Tamerlane, which went back to the clan of Genghis Khan himself.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIn the center of the historical city of Samarkand, there is a grandiose architectural monument \u2013 the cathedral mosque of Amir Temur Bibi-Khanym. It was erected in 1399-1404 by order of the commander and is the largest mosque in Central Asia. The mosque is named after the beloved wife of the commander Bibi-Khanum, which means \u201csenior princess\u201d, known in history more as Saray Mulk Khanum.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe Bibi-Khanym Mosque. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.\nIts construction was carried out after the conquest of Tamerlane to India, but the commander did not watch the process for a long time, as he soon began a campaign against the Ottoman Empire. In 1404, returning after another campaign, Tamerlane was angry that the entrance portal was not as majestic as intended, so he ordered it to be destroyed and rebuilt.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe grandiose complex consists of an entrance portal, the main mosque, and two small ones. In the courtyard of the building with an area of \u200b\u200b5 thousand square meters, up to 10 thousand people can pray at the same time. The courtyard is surrounded by majestic minarets on four sides.\nThe building is richly decorated with murals, carved marble, and tiles. Craftsmen from various countries of the world took part in its construction.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nSamarkand is a truly unique city. There are so many architectural monuments concentrated here, each of which has its own history, shrouded in legends and folk tales. For example, the famous monument of Ishratkhona was erected in the 15th century and forgotten for some time by researchers and city planners. At this place, where the ancient mausoleum is located, there was once the Garden of Firuz \u2013 Bogi Firuz with an area of 1.5 hectares.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe Ishrathona mausoleum. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.\nIshratkhona was first mentioned in the historical treatise of the 30s of the XIX century \u201cSamaria\u201d. It indicates that Ishratkhona was founded by the daughter of Emir Jalal al-Din \u2013 Khabiba Sultan.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIn the middle of the 19th century, a topographer Yakovlev, a member of the Russian embassy in Bukhara, drawing up a plan for Samarkand, marked the building to the southeast of the fortress gate with a large conventional sign and the inscription: \u201cThe structure of the times of Tamerlane\u201d.\nAn old photo of the Ishrathona mausoleum. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIn his study of Samarkand, academician V. Bartold mentions a Nestorian monument called Ishratkhona, which turned into a pleasure palace for the khan.\nA few years later, the archaeologist V. Vyatkin discovered an interesting document of 1464, a waqf letter drawn up in Samarkand, transferring to storage the tomb of a land plot, slaves, and various property of Khabiba Sultan Begum.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIn the execution of the document, up to 60 people of spiritual and court ranks were involved, close to the ruler of Samarkand Sultan Abu Seid.\nThe waqf letter of the building says that a noblewoman, the wife of Timurid Abu Sayed, Habiba-Sultan, built a domed building over the grave of her daughter, princess Khavend Sultan Biki.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIts name (\u201cIshratkhona\u201d in Persian means \u201cHouse of amusements\u201d), the mausoleum received from the Samarkand folklore of the XIX century, which tells about the romantic meeting of Amir Timur with a girl, after which the great emir ordered to build a palace here.\nInside of the shrathona mausoleum. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe first archaeological work in Ishratkhana began in 1939-1940 by academicians M.E. Masson and G.A. Pugachenkova, as a result of which it was established that the mausoleum is located on a large foundation, deepened by almost 5 meters.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIshratkhana is a unique structure of the 15th century. Prominent figures and masters of that time took part in the construction of the palace. At that time, a revolution was carried out in Samarkand architecture. Many researchers lavished praise on the skill of its creators, noting not only the unrestrained luxury of the design of this building \u2013 whether the mausoleum or the palace \u2013 but also the fact that fundamentally new architectural techniques and solutions were involved in the construction.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe complex includes a mosque with a strict, modest interior, ceremonial apartments with rich paintings in the kundal technique, where mourning processions with the last prayer took place, as well as a group of rooms on the 1st and 2nd floors.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nFour spiral staircases lead to the second floor, where several small rooms are located. Above, steps lead to a flat roof, formerly enclosed by a barrier. In Ishratkhon there is also an underground floor, which is an 8-sided crypt, covered with a dome. In terms of size and richness of decoration, it had no equal in Central Asian architecture. The walls of the crypt were surrounded by a bright mosaic panel, and the floor was paved with marble slabs.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe new architectural solution gave rise to new decorative techniques. For the first time, the technique of wall painting kundal is encountered here. Its essence is that the main pattern is embossed, the background is covered with gold, and the pattern is painted in different colors, or, conversely, the ornament is gilded by painting the background. The frescoes of the main hall and the vestibule of Ishratkhana have suffered greatly from the time and bad weather.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIn the 16th century, the mausoleum fell into disrepair. More precisely, it was simply plundered. And the reason for this was the violent construction activity that began in the 17th century in Samarkand. At first, Ishratkhona lost its marble panel, since the Sher-Dor and Tilla-Kari madrasahs, which were being built in the Registan, needed large slabs. Also, marble gravestones were dragged to the neighboring Abdi-Darun cemetery, where the old slabs were replaced with new ones.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nOne of the outstanding hadith scholars of the Muslim world, Imam al-Bukhari was born in Bukhara on July 21, 810. He died in the village of Khartank (present-day Chelak district of Samarkand region), 25 km from Samarkand, where he was buried in 870. However, this place has been abandoned for centuries.\nThe Imam al-Bukhari complex. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe complex was restored after Uzbekistan gained independence. People\u2019s masters of Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva, Tashkent, Andijan, Kokand, and Shakhrisabz participated in the construction of the complex. On the basis of national architectural traditions, a mausoleum, a mosque, an administrative building, and others were erected.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe main facade of the administrative building of the complex faces south. The complex is entered by three large carved arched gates. The main entrance looks like a large arched iwan in the national style. On the front part of the entrance portal, the text of the history of the construction of the complex is written in Arabic and Uzbek. At the entrance on the right, there are administrative and other rooms.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe mausoleum of Imam al-Bukhari is located on the central axis of the complex. This cube-shaped structure is crowned with a seventeen-meter dome. The walls are decorated with light green, blue, white glazed tiles, marble, onyx, and granite.\nOn the right, under the light blue onyx tombstone of the upper floor, there is the grave of Al-Bukhari himself, covered with marble.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nOn the left side of the courtyard, there is a mosque with an area of \u200b\u200b786 sq. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe veranda is 214 square meters. 1500 believers can pray in the mosque at the same time.\nThere is a video here showing the place.\nA kiswah, the covering of the Kaaba, presented to President of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov by King Fahd ibn Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia, hangs by the mihrab niche.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nIn the left wing of the courtyard, there is a hall with utility rooms (miyansaray). The dome of the miyansaray, like other domes, is of the same size and volume. This building houses a library, offices of researchers, and other rooms. Its total area is 946 sq. m. The library contains unique samples of manuscripts of the Koran, various editions, as well as samples of the work of Imam al-Bukhari.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nA book in the Imam Al-Bukhari complex library. This photo is courtesy of the Press Service of the Samarkand Region Tourism and Sports Department.\nNext to the Imam al-Bukhari complex is the building of the Imam al-Bukhari International Center.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nThe Imam al-Bukhari complex is one of the largest and most unique structures of this type created in our country over the past centuries. This complex, as President Islam Karimov said, is not only a place of holy worship, it is one of such places in Uzbekistan that glorifies our homeland and plays an important role in educating the younger generation, makes every person think about life and eternity.", "Ancient and Unique Uzbekistan: Samarkand region II\nNadezhda Dukhovny was born and raised in Uzbekistan and made aliya in 2005. She holds an MA in Linguistics from Tel Aviv University and works in translation. She has a true interest about her motherland and would like to tell more about that fascinating country to make Israeli readers familiar with another culture from other part of the globe.\nCoronavirus Travel\nNew proof points to ancient belief that amethyst wards off hangovers\nCraig Lebrau"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/inventing-niagara-ginger-strand/1100329627?ean=9781416546573

Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies

["Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nInventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nby Ginger Strand Ginger Strand\nPaperback(Reprint)\nPaperback-$18.00 NOOK Book-$13.99 View All Available Formats & Editions\nBuy Online, Pick up in Store )", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nGinger Strand was raised in Texas, Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Michigan. Her fiction and essays have appeared in many places, including The Believer, The Iowa Review, The Gettysburg Review, and The Carolina Quarterly. She has been awarded fiction residencies by Yaddo, the Virginia Center for the Creative Arts, and the Sewanee Writers' Conference. She lives in New York City.\nWHITE MAN'S FANCY,\nRED MAN'S FACT", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nMOST NIAGARA BOOKS BEGIN in the clear light of geology: sunlight glinting off glaciers, water chiseling a gorge. We'll start in the half-light of myth.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nA long time ago, the Indians who lived at Niagara Falls were uffering a devastating plague. People were dying in droves. Hoping to end the carnage, they made sacrifices to the gods. They began with fruits, flowers, the choicest morsels from the harvest. They sent meats and tobacco in canoes over the Falls. Nothing appeased the angry gods. Finally, they decided to sacrifice the most beautiful young maiden in the village", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe girl, Lelawala, was packed into a white canoe with a cornucopia of other tasty treats and sent crashing down to her doom. But wait! Instead of hitting the water below, she was caught by the powerful Thunder Beings who live behind the waterfall. There, she learned the cause of the deadly plague that was killing her kinsfolk: a noxious-breathed serpent was poisoning the water. She returned to her village with the news that they must vacate the toxic town", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThey packed up and left, but the giant snake pursued them, so village warriors \u2014 with some help from the Thunder God \u2014 killed it. Its body, squirming in its death throes, formed the brink of the Horseshoe Fall.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThis \"legend\" used to be told by the recorded audio on the Maid of the Mist tour boats as they nosed their way into the spray below the Falls. It appeared in guidebooks, picture books and regional histories. It found its way into movies about the Falls and was depicted on T-shirts, coffee mugs and shot glasses. To this day it's plastered all over the Web, and postcards showing the Maid are still a staple of Niagara souvenir stands", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThey usually show a wellformed Indian maiden, often topless, standing up in a canoe as it plunges over the brink. She looks noble and nubile at the same ime. In some early versions, the Indian maiden forms a diptych with a naked water sprite writhing in the misty water, apparently meant to personify the Falls. The pair is labeled \"White man's fancy; red man's fact.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBy 1996, Native Americans had had enough of white man's fancy passing for red man's fact. The region's Senecas, they pointed out, had never practiced human sacrifice. Nor had any of the Iroquois Confederacy's six nations, who call themselves the Haudenosaunee, nor any other Native American people known to have lived in western New York. So why would they have included it in their folktales? The story was clearly a fake. And it was not just inauthentic; it was offensive.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"We're portrayed as savages,\" Bill \"Grandpa Bear\" Swanson, executive director of the state American Indian Movement, told the Buffalo News. \"This has got to stop.\" Allan Jamieson, director of Nento, a native arts and culture group, called the story \"racist ropaganda,\" and Richard Hill, an artist and American studies professor, declared it \"a racial stereotype.\" A group of Indians announced they would begin picketing the Maid of the Mist tour boats unless the fake legend was dropped.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Maid of the Mist Corporation objected. \"To accuse us of racism is outrageous,\" said Christopher Glynn, a vice president. He explained why the corporation didn't want to drop the story: \"We are not real anxious to change what we've been doing for a hundred years.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe protesters held their line. If the tour boat operator would not ax the fake myth, they would picket the boat launch in two weeks. Their timing was perfect. It was September, and Regis and Kathie Lee were headed to town, scheduled to shoot their popular morning talk show at the Falls. Faced with the vision of a flood of bad press swamping their boats, the Maid of the Mist Corporation decided to jettison the Maid", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"We are very sensitive to the concerns of Native American people and want to ensure that we do not portray their heritage in an inappropriate manner,\" he told reporters. The legend was struck from the recorded audio.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAll myths are in some sense fictions, of course, but this one is a fake even as myth. The history of Niagara is a history of elisions, artifice and outright deception, so it seems appropriate that its originary myth would be made-up. As the poet Wallace Stevens wrote, a mythology reflects its region. And yet, the more I think about the Maid of the Mist, the more I begin to feel that somehow this odd, obnoxious, prurient fake legend gets something about Niagara exactly right", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIt has much of Niagara's story in it: the community in crisis, the displaced Indians, the power in the Falls, the poisoned water, even the sacrificial victim for a dying town \u2014 these may not be Indian themes, but they are some of the deepest and most continuous Niagara themes. Could there be \u2014 despite Indians' protest to the contrary \u2014 a Native American kernel in this spurious tale", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n? At some point, I become convinced that if I can untangle the threads of the fake myth, I'll have a key that will unlock a storehouse of hidden history.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nI should stop here and admit that I have a bit of a problem dropping things. In the course of looking into, say, the history of a museum at Niagara, I will hear from a librarian that the museum's collection has been bought by a Toronto art dealer", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nI will start calling and emailing that art dealer until he agrees to let me come and visit his collection, at which point I will drive the nine hours to Toronto and spend two days at his house \u2014 to his great surprise \u2014 reading all of the letters he's written and received about the collection", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAnd while I'm there he will show me an electric chair he believes was looted from the Auburn State Prison, though the Auburn Prison electric chair is said to have been destroyed in a 1929 riot, and I will drive nine hours home and the very next day crash my computer downloading newspaper articles off LexisNexis that have accounts of the riots at Auburn Prison with maps that might potentially show the extent of the damage and whether the chair could have been salvaged.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nI haven't yet figured out the truth of the chair, but the New York State Archives has some prison account books I'm planning on taking a look at the next time I happen to be passing through Albany.\nIn any case, this is what happens with the Maid of the Mist story. I keep digging deeper into the fake myth, and I keep finding further levels of fakery. Which means that I have to keep going. Eventually, I find myself at the American Antiquarian Society, looking into Native American history at Niagara.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nFounded by Isaiah Thomas, Revolutionary printer of the Massachusetts Spy, it's a private library incorporated to \"encourage the collection and preservation of the antiquities of our country, and of curious and valuable productions in Art and Nature that have a tendency to enlarge the sphere of human knowledge.\" I love the \"art and nature\" bit \u2014 in addition to books and papers, the Antiquarian Society used to have a natural history collection: rocks, minerals, shells, butterflies, taxidermied animals", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThey offloaded it years ago, when it became no longer correct to conflate the works of man with the works of the natural world. This is something that happened at Niagara too, but I'll get to that later.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nA Palladian brick building on a hill in Worcester, Massachusetts, the Antiquarian Society's collection comprises miles of rare books, diaries, letters, sheet music, postcards, prints and other assorted detritus (they call it \"ephemera\") of everyday life in America from Columbus through 1876. They have handbills, advertisements, school certificates and even a paper-doll collection. Best of all, there's a bevy of librarians who actually know about all these things and love to tell you about them", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhen I was there, another reader asked to see some items in the board game collection, and there was much excitement and joy among the librarians upon delivering them up. Not many people, it seems, take the time to appreciate the board games.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nOn the down side of being a reader at the American Antiquarian Society is their draconian list of rules. Every day upon arrival, you sign in with a frock-coated attendant (I mean it \u2014 a frock coat!) and then hand over everything that to my mind makes historical research fun or even possible \u2014 cups of coffee, salty snacks, iPods, cell phones, candy, almonds, pens", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nYou put all those things into a locker and go into a high-ceilinged, octagonal rotunda topped with an oculus and ornamented with the usual portraits of sternly disapproving founders. You fill out little slips in duplicate requesting the materials you want to see, which are then brought to you on carts along with white gloves for handling them and foam cushions for the books to lounge on while you read them", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAt the American Antiquarian Society, I start reading the earliest print accounts of the Falls, keeping an eye out for serpents and nubile maidens. The oldest print mention of the Falls is by French explorer Samuel de Champlain; he heard about the big waterfall around 1615 but didn't bother to go see it, though he noted it on his maps. The first European to see and then describe the Falls in print was Louis Hennepin, a Flemish Recollect priest who accompanied the explorer La Salle there in 1678", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHennepin describes the Falls in his 1683 account of that visit, Description de la Louisiane. (The whole New World, or at least their part of it, was Louisiana to the French at that point.) Fourteen years later, Hennepin published a revised and expanded version of his report on the New World, this one called A New Discovery of a Vast Country in America.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHennepin, like other early travelers, notes that the area is heavily populated by Native Americans, but makes no mention of myths or stories attached to the place. Priests were too focused on Christianizing the Indians to be interested in hearing their heathen tales \u2014 in fact, they did very little asking about the native culture. They seem to have walked into Indian villages already in mid-sermon. The poor Indians probably couldn't get a word in edgewise.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHennepin does say that the area is rife with snakes, even though on his first trip he tromps the entire length of the Niagara River without ever seeing a single one. He describes the dry space behind the Falls' sheet of water, and claims it is where \"the Rattle-Snakes retire, by certain Passages which they find underground.\" Since he didn't see a single snake or go behind the Falls himself, it's reasonable to suppose his native guides may have told him this. But the local Indians don'tlive at the waterfall", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\" 'Tis reasonable to presume,\" Hennepin concludes, \"that the horrid noise of the Fall, and the fear of these poisonous Serpents, might oblige the Savages to seek out a more commodious Habitation.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"Some have taken notice,\" he tells us of Indians, \"that when they meet with any Cascade or fall of Waters, which is difficult to cross, and apprehend any danger, they throw a Beaver's Skin, Tobaco, Porcelain, or some such matter into it by way of Sacrifice, to gain the Favour of the Spirit that presides there.\" It's a rare attempt on the part of the self-important priest to understand where the locals are coming from, and it doesn't last long", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nFor the most part, his descriptions of Indians are limited to graphic and probably exaggerated accounts of their supposed barbarity. The Iroquois, for instance, he declares to have exterminated \"more than Two million of Souls\" in their extended territory", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe New York Public Library has George Bancroft's personal copy of Hennepin's book in their Rare Book Room, and the eminent nineteenth-century historian has underlined \"Two million\" and made a marginal note: \"Absurd exaggeration.\" He isn't alone in doubting the priest. Among the French, Hennepin garnered a reputation as \"Un Grand Menteur,\" a Big Liar.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nNot that other writers of the period are much better; few early accounts of exploration give us a real sense of the native inhabitants of the so-called New World. We don't even really get a very strong sense of who the people living in the region were, let alone their feelings about Niagara", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nFrom Champlain, we learn that the inhabitants of the Niagara frontier around 1600 were Indians called Onguiaronon, or People of Thundering Waters (\"Niagara\" is a mispronunciation of Onguiara), which suggests they held the Falls in high esteem. Early historians claim the Onguiaronon venerated the Falls enough to bury their most respected chiefs there, but it's unclear if that's true. Only a few bodies have been found.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe French called the Onguiaronon the \"Neutrals,\" because they remained neutral in the wars between Algonquian Indians of the Great Lakes region and the powerful Iroquois Confederacy of New York. Apparently, this neutrality didn't help them much; in fact, their role in Niagara history is to give the place its name and then be exterminated. Sometime around 1650, Senecas are said to have killed the last of their men and adopted the remaining women and children, as was customary", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nNo doubt the Onguiaronon, like all northeastern native peoples at this time, had already lost much of their population to European-introduced diseases such as measles, smallpox and influenza. The fact that no separate Onguiaronon identity remained in Seneca culture suggests they may have been closely related to the Senecas in the first place.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhen the last of the Onguiaronon became Senecas, they also became members of the Iroquois Confederacy, or Haudenosaunee, most often translated as \"People of the Longhouse.\" This political alliance, the oldest continuously operating form of government on the continent, was centered then, as now, on the council fire at Onondaga, New York. There, the Grand Council of Chiefs meets yearly, as decreed by the Haudenosaunee law of governance, the Great Law of Peace", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIn the days of the earliest European explorers, the Haudenosaunee comprised Senecas, Cayugas, Onondagas, Oneidas and Mohawks, hence the alternate name Five Nations. (In 1720, the Tuscaroras would be added to the alliance, after being driven out of their North Carolina home by colonists, and the confederacy would come to be known as the Six Nations.)", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"The whole reason the Senecas were placed in this area was to be guardian of the waterways,\" Darwin John tells me by phone. I'm in Niagara Falls on a brief jailbreak from the American Antiquarian Society, enjoying dangerous vices like eating and talking on the phone. Darwin and I were supposed to meet on Goat Island, because Darwin is in the Falls on business \u2014 he is energy planner for the Seneca Nation of Indians", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBut he lives 90 miles away, on the Cattaraugus Reservation, and when he arrived in Niagara Falls, he realized he had forgotten my cell phone number, so he simply took the walk around Goat Island himself. He seems perfectly cheerful about it when I call him later, back in Cattaraugus. The Seneca Nation has recently been involved in relicensing talks for the Niagara Power Project (about which more later) and Darwin wants me to understand the Senecas' longstanding connection to the region.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"If you look on our emblem, it says Keeper of the Western Door,\" he explains. \"That, within the Six Nations, is a very important role, because the Western Door was back then the transportation route for other tribes to come into the area, and for us to move out of the area. Senecas were known throughout the Midwest, the South and the East for trading with other tribes out west. Niagara was the doorway to our area and our exploration going as far west as the Mississippi delta and points in between.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Western Door, he explains, does not just mean the Niagara River. \"There are actually a couple of doors,\" he says, \"the seaway rail coming from points west on Lake Erie and into the Niagara region. It was a transportation route. Ellicott Creek, Tonawanda Creek: all of these were areas the Senecas had lived in since time immemorial. All these waterways and trails and transportation routes were well used and well known and that's why we protected them", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nI ask Darwin John about Seneca stories associated with the region, and he tells me a version of the serpent story that doesn't involve maids or sacrifice.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"According to our creation story,\" he says, \"Thunder Beings were trying to remove a serpent that had been terrorizing the area, and during the struggle they threw down the huge snake and that carved out the horseshoe shape of the Canadian Falls. He was placed in the underworld, and the route to the underworld was through Devil's Hole State Park. There's a cave there and that's where the snake passed on his way to the underworld.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe benevolent Thunder Beings behind the Falls are a popular part of Niagara lore for Indians and non-Indians alike. Standard histories, guidebooks, IMAX films and souvenir shop fripperies often feature them. For the Indians, it's a concise way of talking about their ancient spiritual connection to the area. But as I listen to Darwin, I find myself wondering what the locals really thought of Niagara before the French arrived eager for beavers", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nTheir view of the place may have been more similar to the European one than is commonly thought. Even the story as Darwin tells it \u2014 the brink of the Falls being formed by an evil serpent \u2014 suggests that although the Senecas may have valued waterways, they didn't much like waterfalls.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIn this, they would have been in agreement with the Europeans. When Indians first brought the Europeans to Niagara, the newcomers considered the waterfall frankly hideous. Louis Hennepin ills his account with a sense of awestruck terror. The journey is treacherous and the cataract itself terrifying", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe precipice he calls \"horrible,\" the water in the Falls he sees foaming and boiling \"in the most hideous manner imaginable,\" the noise of it all is \"outrageous, more terrible than that of Thunder.\" In short, he declares, \"when one stands near the Fall, and looks down into this most dreadful Gulph, one is seized with Horror, and the Head turns round, so that one cannot look long or stedfastly upon it.\" In the engraving made to illustrate his account, this effect on viewers is shown", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe waterfall \u2014 heightened by the priest's famous imagination \u2014 plunges viciously downward in the middle ground, while four figures occupy the foreground. One sits with arms outspread, as if trying to gauge its breadth; one clasps his arms across his breast as if in awe; a third stands with arms raised high in what looks like worship, while the fourth turns his back on the scene, covering his ears in a pose of sick despair, as if he can't bear to look or listen for one second more.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n? In a creation story found in most credible collections of Seneca mythology, the earth is created by two brothers, sometimes called Inigorio, or Good Mind, and Inigorhatea, or Bad Mind. Good Mind creates the sun, the moon, stars, plains, rivers, lakes, useful animals and people. Bad Mind creates everything that gives us grief: snakes, reptiles, ravines and of course, waterfalls", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe early explorers found the whole Niagara region to be rife with Bad Mind's handiwork: they complained bitterly of the rattlesnakes, the insects, the impossible gorge and its difficult terrain. The Senecas no doubt traveled more easily, and they weren't freaked out by rattlesnakes, but for them too the Falls must have been a pain to get around. All of the waterways Darwin mentions to me \u2014 the seaway trail, Tonawanda Creek, Ellicott Creek \u2014 are routes used to bypass Niagara Falls.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhat's certain is that the Senecas understood how important Niagara was to controlling the area around it. In fact, that's one thing the Maid of the Mist story seems to tell us: that getting control of whatever power, good or evil, lives in the waterfall could easily be the key to survival. The Europeans understood this as soon as they arrived at the Falls; pretty much the first thing they did was try to wrest control of the area from the Senecas", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHennepin's explorer boss La Salle saw the Falls and decided they were just the place to build a fort and a ship. The Senecas were decidedly unhappy about that; they saw the scheme for what it was. He was planning to sail right through the Western Door without knocking.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nRen\u00e9-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, is one of those guys who has left his name plastered all over our nation. Anyone who's taken LaSalle Street to Chinatown in Chicago, or visited La Salle, Minnesota; La Salle, Michigan; La Salle County, Texas; or La Salle, New York, now incorporated into Niagara Falls, knows his name. If they know little more than that, it's not their fault: when I start reading up on La Salle, I quickly realize that he's one of history's most perplexing characters", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nConsidered a brilliant pathfinder by some and a bumbling idiot by others, La Salle is painted as either hero or villain, depending on the writer's personal view. Born in Rouen to a wealthy, middle-class family, he was ordained as a priest, but quickly decided to leave his order, citing \"moral weakness.\" La Salle fans say he made that up just to escape a dull monkish life; La Salle critics say it's one of the few times he ever told the truth.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLa Salle arrived in Montreal in 1667 and made his first trip to Niagara in 1669, on his way to find the Ohio River, which he thought might lead to the fabled Northwest Passage to China, or maybe offer up a better route to the Great Lakes region than the icy, rapids-filled St. Lawrence River. Detractors and fans agree that this journey didn't go well", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLa Salle claimed to speak the Iroquois language, but according to his priest on that trip, Ren\u00e9 Brehant de Galin\u00e9e, he was lying and furthermore had no idea where he was going. For this reason, he and most of his party ended up cooling their heels about 80 miles east of Niagara, waiting for a nonexistent guide.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nFrench and English history texts never specify the Indian town La Salle visited, but the Seneca oral tradition names it as Ganondagan. The main Seneca village of the time, Ganondagan was a hilltop town near the northwestern shore of Lake Canandaigua, one of New York's Finger Lakes. It held 150 longhouses and an estimated 4,500 people, at that time about four times the population of a small town to the southeast recently renamed New York", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLa Salle arrived at this thriving metropolis with gifts and, of course, a demand. He required a guide who knew the Ohio territory. The Senecas agreed to provide one \u2014 they had captives from the region on hand \u2014 then showed no inclination to follow through on the offer", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLa Salle and some of his men spent four weeks as guest-prisoners of the Indians, during which Galin\u00e9e gives no account of maidens being sacrificed or Thunder Beings in the Falls, though he does describe his horror when their Seneca hosts decide to honor the Frenchmen by torturing and eating a prisoner. This little spectacle \u2014 if indeed it happened \u2014 would have been part of the highly codified rituals of Haudenosaunee warfare, a point missed by the self-righteous priest", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nGanondagan is a New York State historic site today, a stunning spot perched on a still-bucolic hill. Its reconstructed longhouse, surrounded by acres of milkweed dotted with butterflies, looks as if it were dropped there by a time-traveling UFO. Interpretive trails tell the story of the town's 1687 destruction by the French. Visiting there one morning on my way home from Niagara Falls, I ask the Native American guide about La Salle's visit.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"La Salle was a very pompous person,\" he tells me, shaking his head, as if the French explorer only left town last week. \"The Seneca sachems didn't like that kind of attitude.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLa Salle never adjusted his attitude, though eventually he got the hint at Ganondagan. He announced he was giving up the mission to explore the Ohio River valley, at which point the Senecas let him and his men go. Once out of their sight, La Salle faked illness for the benefit of his own crew. Promising to make his own way home, he encouraged them to proceed with the mission. Thus freed of his bothersome train of priests and helpers, he disappeared into the North American wilderness for a year", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHistorians believe he wintered at the mouth of the Niagara River, building a small fort there, which the Senecas promptly burned when he left. He later claimed to have discovered the Mississippi River during that time \u2014 beating rival explorer Louis Joliet to the punch \u2014 but this has never been verified. Joliet gets credit for \"discovering\" a river the Indians had known about for centuries.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n(In one of my favorite stories from this time period, La Salle actually ran into Joliet in the woods one day. I find this image hysterical: it's as if the forests of North America were so crawling with fur-hungry explorers you couldn't throw a rock without some voyageur yelling \"Merde!\" As soon as that image popped into my head, I laughed out loud", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nI actually got into trouble at the American Antiquarian Society for giggling too much: the exasperated historian at the desk next to mine finally threw down his pencil and cried, \"Fine, you win. Tell me what's so funny.\" History is full of horrors, but it has a lot of hilarious moments too, and I'm convinced you have to laugh at them \u2014 but I'm digressing.)", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLa Salle turned up at Niagara next after taking a trip back to France, during which either through eloquence (fans insist) or bribery (critics counter), he received letters of nobility and a charter to explore the land between Florida and Mexico and build forts for the French king. This time, he brought with him a new crew: a posse of raw recruits fresh from France and even more bumbling than he was. But he also had one able lieutenant who would become his loyal companion: Chevalier Henri de Tonti.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nI adore Henri de Tonti. An Italian by birth, he had signed on as a soldier in the French army, where he lost a hand to a grenade (legend holds that it got mangled in the explosion and he sawed it off himself ). Tonti's icy bravery quickly earned him a fearsome reputation among the Indians. At one point, he walked through a haze of arrows and bullets into an Iroquois camp only to be stabbed in the chest, and he barely blinked \u2014 just began haranguing them for breaking the peace", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBesides fearlessness, Tonti's claim to fame was his prosthetic appendage and his penchant for using it as a weapon. Some historians describe the prosthesis as a metal hand clad in a glove; others say it was a hook. One intriguingly calls it an \"appliance\" and assures readers Tonti was handy with it. Indians called him \"the man with the iron hand,\" and an early French historian declares hat Indians feared Tonti because he \"often knocked their heads and teeth with a blow from the fist\" of his metal member", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHe's a sort of real-life, more effective Captain Hook. He actually looks like Captain Hook: in his most common portrait, he wears a ruffled, gold-buttoned dress jacket, and his long, aquiline nose and sharp black eyes are framed by a long mass of wavy black hair. All he lacks is the ticking crocodile following him around.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLa Salle, of course, saw Niagara Falls and immediately figured out that anyone who controlled that point controlled trade in the upper Great Lakes. Canoes on their way from the Great Lakes to Upper Canada could be stopped at the portage. Furthermore, the lakes above the Falls offered access to thousands of miles of fur-filled woods inhabited by Indians who would sell those furs at cheaper prices if they didn't have to paddle to Montreal. All the explorer needed was a fort where he could build a ship", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBut that was exactly the problem: as his previous experience testified, fort-building didn't sit well with the Indians. Constantly on the verge of war with the French, the Haudenosaunee were suspicious of military outposts in their territory. Besides, they wanted to control French access to the West and its beaver pelts. Already in the seventeenth century, beavers were scarce along the eastern seaboard", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhen they weren't at war with the Indians further west, the Haudenosaunee served as middlemen between them and the French. They disliked the idea of a big boat that would allow the French to trade directly with their enemies, or worse, make political alliances with them.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nStill, La Salle wanted Haudenosaunee permission to build his boat, so while he was in Montreal with Tonti sorting out his usiness affairs, he sent his agent La Motte back to the Senecas to ask for permission to build a \"great wooden canoe\" on the river above the Falls", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLa Motte met with elders, handed out gifts, and promised that if they could build a fort at Niagara, the French would give the Senecas better prices for their furs than the English \u2014 who had recently wrested the Hudson River valley fur trade from the Dutch. The Senecas weren't having it. The goods the English traded for furs were generally cheaper and better than what was on offer at French posts \u2014 and unlike the priest-ridden French, the Brits were usually allowed to sell the Indians rum", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nMore importantly, the Senecas were not about to simply hand over the Niagara portage. They were the keepers of the Western Door, not the French.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBut La Salle was determined. He and Tonti sailed for Niagara. hey sank their ship on Lake Ontario and lost most of their shipbuilding supplies, but somehow managed to get there in one piece. As soon as he arrived at Niagara, La Salle went to the Senecas himself, taking Tonti with him. This time, for some reason, the Senecas grudgingly agreed to let the French build a boat. La Salle and Tonti repaired immediately to the mouth of Cayuga Creek \u2014 the very spot where William T", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLove would later dig a canal that would make his name a byword for environmental disaster. La Salle pounded in the ship's first bolt with great ceremony, then scrammed back to Montreal, where, even though creditors had seized his possessions, he undoubtedly spent a much more comfortable winter than the shipbuilders, left to labor under Tonti's watchful eye.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThat winter on Cayuga Creek, hundreds of miles from the nearest fort, the small band of voyageurs built the first sailing ship to ply the upper Great Lakes. Winter on the Niagara frontier is oderated by its position between Lakes Erie and Ontario, but it still must have been difficult, lonely work. Living in bark huts, subsisting on parched corn, venison and whitefish, the men toiled away with paltry materials to build a small but sturdy ship", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHennepin led prayer meetings on Sundays and holidays, where the crew relaxed by singing Gregorian chants. Meanwhile, small bands of suspicious Senecas lurked ominously about, marveling at the mad Frenchmen and plotting to burn the \"big canoe.\" The blacksmith was attacked, and protected himself with a red-hot poker", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Indians, who were always short of good metalwork, had been falsely promised a permanent blacksmith on the site, and Hennepin reports that one day he accompanied Tonti to the mouth of he Niagara, where Tonti \"pretended to mark out a house for the blacksmith\" for the benefit of the watching Indians. Even Hennepin seems to feel slightly ashamed of the subterfuge. \"I cannot blame the Iroquois,\" he remarks, \"for not believing all that had been promised at the embassy of the Sieur de La Salle.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhen the ship was built, they named her the Griffon, broke a bottle of spirits over her prow and promptly moved aboard to protect themselves from the stewing Senecas.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIn August 1679, La Salle returned and launched the Griffon from Niagara Falls, sailing across Lake Erie, up Lake Huron, through the Straits of Mackinac and down Lake Michigan. Perpetually in debt, the explorer loaded his new ship with furs and sent her home to his creditors while he forged onward into the Great Lakes region. The Griffon's return journey was never completed; somewhere along the way, she sank below the waterline of history and into the depths of myth", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nExactly what happened is not known: the ship was lost in a storm, or perhaps destroyed by the unhappy Haudenosaunee, or maybe, as La Salle came to believe, it was scuttled by a thieving pilot and crew. Its wreck has never been positively identified. La Salle went on to establish more forts and trek down the entire Mississippi River, claiming it and its watershed for France in the usual way, by burying commemorative plates in the ground", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nPompous as ever, he was hounded by jealous Jesuits, badmouthed by rival explorers, and frequently deserted by his own men, who tried to kill him by putting hemlock in his salad. Only Tonti remained loyal. Finally, La Salle went back to France, outfitted four ships, and returned to try to find the mouth of the Mississippi via the Gulf of Mexico", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHe got lost, missed the river delta and landed instead in Texas, where he wandered fruitlessly, losing men to Indians, disease and alligators (the ticking crocodile at last!), before his crew finally mutinied and killed him. \"Te voil\u00e1, you great Pasha, Te voil\u00e1! \" his murderer cried as he shot him. The mutineers left his body unburied for the wild animals to eat.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nToday, the working-class neighborhood in Niagara Falls near where the Griffon was built is called La Salle, but the man himself remains a mystery. Was he egomaniacal or bravely ambitious? Eloquent or cruelly violent? An idiot or a genius? But as inscrutable as La Salle is to us, the Senecas in his story are even more so. Why, after refusing to give La Motte permission for the \"big canoe,\" did they change their minds? Did they truly take a liking to La Salle, or did they fear his iron-handed sidekick", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n? Were they convinced by the eloquence the pro-La Salle historians attribute to him, or did they secretly plan on scuttling the braggart Frenchman's ship? Did they even really say yes? Their real story is more lost to us even than La Salle's. We don't even know their names.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nShortly after La Salle lost the Griffon, a man named Louis-Thomas Chabert de Joncaire arrived on the scene, assigned to improve French relations with the Iroquois. The Senecas decided relations would best be improved by burning Joncaire at the stake, and they kidnapped him to that end. They ended up adopting him instead. Legend has it they changed their minds when he bloodied the nose of the guy tying him to the stake: the Senecas were big fans of bravado", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nOf course, our authority for this story is Joncaire himself, so things may have unfolded in a slightly different way. In any case, Joncaire made himself popular with the Senecas, and by 1720, he convinced a breakaway group of them to let the French build a trading post \u2014 not a fort \u2014 below the Falls", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBuilding a fort on the Niagara peninsula would have clearly been in violation of the 1701 treaty between the French and the Haudenosaunee, as well as the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, which set the boundaries between French Canada and British New York. So Joncaire's trading post was a simple wood-bark outpost. Then, as the trade war with Britain was heating up, the sneaky French went right ahead and built a fort, which they called a \"House of Peace,\" disguising it to look like a fancy trading post", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWeapons were stored upstairs; cannons were neatly hidden in the attic. It was located on the spot where the Niagara River empties into Lake Ontario, the better to interdict canoes heading across the lake to English trading posts farther east. To lure the Indians to trade there, they even relaxed their rules against selling them rum.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhat came to be called Fort Niagara was critical during the French and Indian War, which historians now like to call the Seven Years' War, to reflect the fact that it was actually a world war. The standoff in North America began in 1754, when a French expedition kicked some British fort-builders out of the Ohio River valley. The French then began to assert their claims on the entire Ohio River region; some of that commemorative tableware even turned up, intercepted at Niagara", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe British resisted the claim, and battles for control of forts along the frontier ensued. Fort Niagara was besieged and eventually taken by the British in 1759 in a battle that gets reenacted annually on the very spot where it happened. With nearly 1,000 costumed reenactors turning up, it's the world's largest annual French and Indian War event.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nFort Niagara sits on a gorgeous piece of real estate, a high windy hill, overlooking the river mouth and the vast, glittering lake. When I arrive on day one of the reenactment, the whole place is swarming with French officers, Redcoats, rugged militiamen and Indians. A row of white tents hugs the garrison walls, and people scurry in and out among them. A posse of Redcoats is preparing for a council with the Indians", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe head Indian, painted entirely black on one side, is wearing a loincloth, knee-high boots, and a tuft of feathers that looks like a cardinal and a blackbird fought to the death on his scalp. A sweaty soldier runs by, knees high, holding a musket over his head and chanting \"I will not call the captain fat!\" Clearly, these folks take their reenacting seriously.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nInside the fort, French soldiers are marching in formation and firing muskets, while fabulously got-up Indians \u2014 none of whom appear to be actual Native Americans \u2014 are charging visitors for posing in photos. On the center lawn, a lively market is spread out, and tourists in shorts and T-shirts mingle with reenactors in heavy wool jackets as they inspect leather goods, fondle linens and eye knives, hatchets and guns. Children scrabble about the ankles of bonneted women", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nFort Niagara is spectacular, its grounds perfectly groomed, every brick lovingly restored in an outburst of patriotism between the world wars. Standing there with the French and Indian War about to be acted out in real time, I realize that this conflict, which I always considered a dull chapter in high school history texts, was actually a thrillingly critical moment in the struggle for North America", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHere are French, British and Iroquois soldiers ready to kill each other over a tiny spit of land, but what's at stake is really how the New World will look. Will it slouch around in caf\u00e9s, drinking vermouth and smoking Gitanes, or will it purse its lips and drink tea with dry, unappetizing biscuits", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n? The visitors, clambering onto the fort walls to see the assault, also seem to sense how much hangs in the balance. Families hoist cameras and slather sunscreen on impatient children. Down below, on the field of battle, white tents billow like sails. Indians dart here and there while the French crouch behind a berm, about to lose control of the continent. Anticipation rises from the ground with the smell of newly cut grass. Finally, some shots ring out, a crackly smattering, like fireworks", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nA haze of musket smoke wafts up as the British appear from behind the treeline, playing \"Yankee Doodle\" on a fife and drum. Round two in the reshaping of North America has begun.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAround the time of the French and Indian War, a story turns up that shares some elements with the Maid of the Mist tale. J. C. Bonnefons, a French soldier posted in the New World from 1751 to 1761, relates a \"common report\" of an Iroquois who, when his canoe is drawn into Niagara's ineluctable rapids, simply wraps himself in his blanket and rides down to his doom. The story is retold frequently in Falls narratives", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBy 1835, when it gets added to the second edition of Horatio Parsons's popular Guide to Travelers Visiting the Falls of Niagara, the author is quick to say that he believes the story to be fake, merely \"a stereotype Indian story, told as having happened at all different falls in the country.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe stereotype of the \"doomed Indian\" was popular in the colonies, and later the young United States, because it downplayed the colonists' role in a people's extermination. \"Removing\" the Indians wasn't such a bad thing if they were already destined to vanish simply because their culture was inferior", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe \"doomed Iroquois\" on the waterfall, and the Maid of the Mist who picks up his disappearing act, performs this particular white man's fancy as red man's fact: once he sees the inevitable fact of his demise looming ahead, he quietly and stoically goes to his end.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nLater on, when Indian removal became national policy, the story took on unsavory aspects. Parsons's 1835 \"doomed Indian\" has a new accessory \u2014 a bottle of whiskey:\nA story has frequently been told of an Indian, who fell asleep in his canoe some miles above, and awoke in the midst of the rapids; perceiving that all efforts at escape would be vain, he turned his bottle of whiskey down his throat, and composedly awaited the awful plunge.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe image of the \"drunken Indian\" was key to nineteenth-century justifications for removal and treaty-breaking. Indians were lazy drunks, the line went, who would simply let the land go to waste, instead of improving and farming it like white folks would. (Never mind that Europeans introduced them to liquor in the first place.) It was practically a moral duty to take their land away, and using treaties and money to do so quickly devolved into sing guns.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIn 1830, President Andrew Jackson pushed his Indian Removal bill through Congress, making the relocation of all southeastern ndians official government policy. In exchange for their productive farmland, they were to be given some nice property in Oklahoma. In 1838, three years after Parsons sent his doomed drunk over the brink, 17,000 Cherokees were ousted from their ancestral homes in Georgia and made to walk 800 miles west. After four thousand died on the way, the forced march was named the Trail f Tears", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAt Niagara that year, corrupt sachems were liquored up nd tricked into selling off most of what remained of Seneca lands in the region, against the will of the majority, in the fraudulent Buffalo Creek Treaty.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nGuidebooks continued telling the drunken Indian story. By 1842, in C. D. Ferris's Pictorial Guide to the Falls of Niagara, the drunken Indian has been given a mate, and the whole episode has become an unsavory joke:", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nTradition tells many a tale of persons going over the Falls; and among others, of an Indian and squaw, in a canoe, who were drawn into the rapids, and hurried down to destruction", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIt relates, that the Indian, when he found it impossible to escape, coolly laid down his paddle, and taking up a bottle of whisky, which had been the object of the voyage to procure, deliberately applied it to his lips, and kept sucking away, until he was himself sucked in, by the overwhelming flood; and, thus in a spiritual way, introduced himself to the world of spirits. Whether or not, he took a drop too much, it is impossible to say; but of this we are certain, that he was loath to lose a drop", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhat's interesting is that even before the Maid of the Mist legend appears and sends a doomed maiden over the brink, the demise of the Iroquois is being associated with Niagara Falls. It's not just coincidence. After the French and Indian War, the balance of power shifted, in ways that were very nearly disastrous for the audenosaunee. Central to this loss of power and influence was what happened at Niagara. There the Haudenosaunee lost control of the Western Door, and with it, lost much of their world.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe heart of the Maid of the Mist legend is Indian displacement. When Lelawala comes back with the news about the poisonous snake, the whole town packs up and leaves. This aspect of it, at least, seems to reflect Indian reality. I'm convinced of this even more when, back at the American Antiquarian Society after my brief jailbreak, I find Henry Schoolcraft's 1846 Notes on the Iroquois", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nSchoolcraft, an ethnologist and superintendent of Indian affairs who married an Ojibwa woman, was the first European to attempt an anthropological study of the Haudenosaunee. In his surprisingly readable book, I find a Seneca tale about a poisonous snake that sounds like it could be the real kernel in the Maid of the Mist tale.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Senecas, this story tells us, first lived in a village at the head of Lake Canandaigua. One day a young boy from the Canandaigua village found a small two-headed serpent. He caught it and kept it as a pet, feeding it the flesh of birds and small mammals. It grew, needing larger and larger meals, until eventually it became so big he was forced to hunt deer for it. Too big to live in the longhouse, the snake took up residence on a nearby hill, sometimes coming down to play in the lake", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe townspeople began to fear the two-headed snake. They resolved to move to get away from it, but when they woke the next day, the serpent had surrounded their village with its body, placing its open mouth at the gate. Anyone who tried to escape was eaten. Eventually, only one warrior and his sister remained. In a dream, the warrior was told to fledge an arrow with a hair from his sister and aim for the serpent's heart. He did it the next day, and the serpent was mortally wounded", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIn its death agonies, it rolled down the hill and into the lake, where it vomited up the heads of the people it had eaten. Those heads are now the stones that mark the bottom of Lake Canandaigua. The warrior and his sister moved the council fire to the western shore of Seneca Lake.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThis tale sounds like a credible Seneca story to me; as soon as I read it, I'm convinced I've found the truth at the bottom of the Maid's fake legend. But it also sounds like a nice metaphor for what life must have felt like to the Senecas in the eighteenth century: like being hemmed in by a beast with two heads. Throughout the period, as the British and French struggled for control of North America, Indians were caught in the middle", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIt was in many ways a position of power \u2014 with diplomatic skills honed over centuries of Iroquois League politics, the Haudenosaunee were especially good at playing rival nations off each other to their own advantage. But theirs was a precarious position, and the Indians constantly worried that both nations' assurances of friendship were really just empty promises that would vanish once either side got the upper hand. Which is exactly what seemed to happen when the British won.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThough they had spent much of the previous century and a half at war with the French, many of the Haudenosaunee would have preferred to see a French victory. They had always respected French military power, and felt they had hammered out a fairly stable relationship with Onontio \u2014 their name for the French colonial governor. Furthermore, the French and British seem to have adhered to national stereotypes in colonizing North America", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhen not putting the torch to Indian towns, the French were colonizers in only the loosest sense; as long as the furs were coming in and the Jesuits were totting up enough souls, the rank and file hung out with the Indians, smoking and intermarrying with them, and engaging in the gift exchanges that were central to Native American cultures", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThey occasionally put on big shows of sovereignty \u2014 heavy on the feasting and fashion \u2014 but the Indians ctually enjoyed the spectacle, because the French didn't seem to despise them.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe English, on the other hand, marched into North America to the tune of \"Hail Brittania.\" They made no secret of their distaste or Indians, and the first North American governor after the rench and Indian War, General Jeffrey Amherst, took what one historian calls a \"shopkeeper's approach\" to managing the colonies. One of his first moves was to slash the budget for gifts. He refused to engage in conciliatory gestures toward the Indians, instead treating hem like subjugated savages", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nRelations between the English and Indians soured so quickly that the Indians couldn't help but feel the French had sold them out: rumors circulated among Indians hat the French and British, like a two-headed snake, had actually staged the entire Seven Years' War just to extinguish the natives.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe way the British behaved after winning the war with France feels unnervingly familiar to Americans of the early twenty-first century: they entered a nation claiming they had no desire to dominate it, then acted like swaggering conquerors. They deposed a military bureaucracy built on cronyism and installed profiteering cronies of their own, refusing to hold their troops accountable for appalling behavior and making no bones about being more interested in profits than lasting peace", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIn 1763, dozens of Indian nations attacked British forts and villages in a loosely coordinated effort to eject the British from the Great Lakes region. They managed to take every British fort in he area except the ones at Niagara, Detroit and present-day Pittsburgh. The war has gone down in history as Pontiac's Rebellion, named for the charismatic Ottawa chief who led the siege of Fort Detroit", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBut the first war belts \u2014 wampum beaded with symbols calling for an uprising \u2014 were actually sent around by some Senecas rom the Geneseo region just south of Niagara. They were concerned about losing control of the Western Door.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHistorians see Pontiac's Rebellion as a defining moment in the history of British-Native American relations. It's when things became really ugly: both sides succumbed to fantasies of genocide. The Indians, determined to kick the Europeans off the continent for good, laid waste to settlements. On the British side, Governor mherst infamously condoned handouts of smallpox-infected blankets to besieging Indians at Fort Pitt", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWriting to the colonel sent to relieve the fort, Amherst declared \"You will Do well to try to Innoculate the Indians by means of Blankets, as well as to try Every other method that can serve to Extirpate this Execrable Race.\" He then went on to lament that they were too far from England to obtain some good hunting dogs to finish the job.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIgnoring the breakaway group of Senecas who had sent out war belts, the Haudenosaunee stayed technically neutral in Pontiac's Rebellion. It was an uprising of the midwestern Algonquian Indians. Nevertheless, some of the Senecas, especially on the border between Algonquian and Iroquois lands, took part in the skirmishes breaking out all over the Great Lakes region. One of these skirmishes happened at Niagara and has entered Niagara lore as a bizarre, ahistorical story of Indian barbarism", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThis is the famous Devil's Hole Massacre, in which a group of 300 Senecas, Ojibwas and Ottawas attacked a supply caravan at Devil's Hole, about four miles below the Falls.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nDevil's Hole \u2014 the place \u2014 comes up a lot when you talk to Native Americans; it seems as important as the waterfall in Indian lore. In Darwin John's story, it's where the evil Falls serpent goes down a hole into the underworld. It's also where the Senecas lost itle to Niagara Falls. The person who made that happen was an adopted Mohawk sachem named William Johnson.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWilliam Johnson, like La Salle, is a complicated figure, equal parts hero, opportunist and cad. An Irish gentleman dispossessed by the Protestant ascendancy (his family was Catholic), he came to the British colonies to make his fortune. He turned an estate in the Mohawk Valley of upstate New York into a miniempire, in part by insinuating himself into the Haudenosaunee world. He learned the Mohawk language as well as the culture's rituals, eventually becoming an adopted Mohawk sachem", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHe had a couple of wives and a few more mistresses who bore him scads of children, but the woman he seemed most attached to was a Mohawk clan mother, Molly Brant, mother to eight of his kids. Britain's point man with the Indians, he insisted on fair treatment for his Haudenosaunee friends. Johnson led the British forces that took Fort Niagara in the Seven Years' War; his British and Iroquois troops completely devastated a French relief regiment that outnumbered them", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHis business success \u2014 his estate ultimately comprised about 400,000 acres \u2014 also hinged on his Haudenosaunee connections. But in 1764, he held a huge treaty convention at Fort Niagara, where he negotiated a treaty with the Senecas that gave control of the Western Door to the Brits. His pretext was the massacre at Devil's Hole.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nDevil's Hole is about four miles north of the Falls, downstream on the Niagara River. It's an impressive spot, a semicircular natural amphitheater carved out of the gorge cliff in flaky striations. A path leads down along the cliff face to a trail at the river's edge. You make your way down through the crisp scrub, the rocky face of Devil's Hole looming ever higher above you, until at bottom you break through the Arcadian woods to face the noise and fury of the Whirlpool Rapids. It's stunning.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nSeptember is especially beautiful in the Niagara region. The haze of summer sweeps out of town with the tourists and the landscape takes on a timeless, pastoral sheen: leaves settling into their brilliant autumn palette, clear fall light casting the cornfields in a golden glow, apples punctuating spiky trees with heavy, red dots", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAs they made their way down the Niagara Gorge rim from Fort Schlosser, just above the Falls, on the morning of September 14, 1763, the members of a British wagon train may have admired the Niagara frontier's beauty. They were escorted by 25 regulars, but no doubt they were still nervous", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nPortage master William Steadman had recently begun the use of Conestoga wagons \u2014 the famous \"prairie schooners\" used by pioneers \u2014 on the portage, and the local Senecas who had previously done all the portage's heavy lifting were unhappy at losing their jobs. So when they began peppering the caravan with bullets from the forest along the trail, it was partly an act of war allied to Pontiac's Rebellion and partly a really dramatic instance of labor unrest.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIt was over quickly. The wagon train was caught between the forest and Devil's Hole: when around 300 armed Indians came charging out of the woods, many horses went over the ledge in panic, dragging their wagons with them. The people who weren't shot were tomahawked. Steadman escaped (the Senecas later deeded him some land, they were so impressed that he survived their onslaught), and the story tradition later inserts a drummer boy who falls over the cliff and survives when his drum straps catch in a tree", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Indians hung around long enough to dispatch 75 of the 85 troops who came rushing up the gorge from the outpost at Lewiston, a mile and a half away. Then they disappeared into the woods, where they continued a reign of terror for weeks afterward, sniping at people and cows in the region and plotting to take Fort Niagara.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Devil's Hole Massacre quickly became a standard part of Niagara lore. The creek that seeps out of the rock face at Devil's Hole and drains into the Niagara River became known as Bloody Run. The massacre itself, stripped of its historic context, entered regional history as a thrillingly awful example of Indian barbarity with no apparent cause. Nineteenth-century guidebooks all narrate it, but make no mention of Pontiac's Rebellion or Indians losing their livelihoods", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nMen, horses, wagons, cattle, stores, all in one promiscuous mass were forced over the bank, and dashed to pieces on the rocks below, while the fiendish yells of the savages drowned their shrieks and groans, and thundered from the rocks and cliffs above, wild, terrible, triumphant!", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nTraditionally, tourists love thrilling episodes where \"savages\" cruelly attack \"men\" just for the sake of violence. William Johnson was more pragmatic. He saw the Devil's Hole Massacre as a chance to wrest Niagara once and for all from the Senecas, thus ingratiating himself with the British government. At the 1764 treaty convention at Niagara Falls, he successfully divided the Indian nations, making treaties with each separately", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nFrom the Senecas, he demanded the biggest concession: what became known as the Mile Strip. It was actually a strip four miles wide, running the entire length of the Niagara River, two miles on each side. The Senecas threw in all the islands in the Niagara River, deeding them to Johnson personally. Ever the loyal subject, he turned them over to the Crown.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nSeneca history \u2014 in which they lose the land around the Falls \u2014 seems related to the Seneca serpent myth \u2014 in which the poisonous serpent's attack means that the village must move. The serpent myth seems to have been geographically mobile; versions of it turn up that are set in other places besides Canandaigua. There's a serpent in Lake Ontario, and Henry Schoolcraft, in Notes on the Iroquois, even relates a similar story about the Chippewa River, near Niagara Falls", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Indians in that story move to Buffalo Creek (near present-day Buffalo) and the serpent follows them, at which point the Great Spirit zaps it with lightning. Similar serpent myths show up in many folklore books by Indians, always involving displacement. Seneca scholar Arthur Parker even includes \"thunderer wars upon horned snake\" as one of the major themes of Seneca folklore in his 1923 Seneca Myths and Folk Tales", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nA likely predecessor to the Maid of the Mist story, it has almost every key element: the deadly serpent, the Thunder God's help, the village that must move, the serpent's dead body causing a natural feature. It's only missing one thing: the maid.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAs far as we know, the sacrificial maiden makes her print debut in 1850 in Burke's Descriptive Guide, under the heading \"The White Canoes: An Indian Legend.\" It's easy to see how such a story tickled the fancies of its audience", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIt's mildly salacious in a prudish Victorian way: Burke says breathily of his tasty maid that \"like a rose, she opened all her beauties to the maturing breath of Nature.\" In Burke's version, Lelawala's father rows himself over the Falls after her, a sentimental touch nineteenth-century audiences would have loved. The following year, the story appeared in an anthropological study: Lewis Henry Morgan's League of the Ho-deno-sau-nee or Iroquois.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nMorgan's hefty tome, published in 1851, is still considered the classic text of Iroquois ethnohistory. This is weird, given that Morgan was a lawyer whose interest in Iroquois culture began when he and some friends founded a literary and social men's club in Rochester called the Grand Order of the Iroquois. The gentlemen in the fraternity took Iroquois names, performed \"Iroquois\" ceremonies, and gave each other lectures on Iroquois culture", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nNo doubt they had secret handshakes and used Iroquois words to tell dirty jokes in polite company. There's something Tom Sawyerish about the whole endeavor. Nonetheless, their constitution, penned by Morgan, declared their purpose was \"to encourage a kinder feeling towards the Indian, founded upon a truer knowledge of his civil and domestic institutions, and of his capabilities for future elevation.\" This language later became the preface to his monumental study.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nMorgan's prediction of the Indians' \"future elevation\" reveals his racist conviction that they must aspire to be like white folks, but to give him credit, he did do his best to build a \"truer knowledge\" of Iroquois life. He was very fortunate to meet \u2014 in a bookstore, the story goes \u2014 a highly educated and brilliant young Seneca man from the Tonawanda Reservation, Ely Parker, who would later join the staff of Ulysses Grant and become a brigadier general in the Union army", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe terms of the Confederate surrender at Appomattox were handwritten in his elegant script, and probably composed by him too. Parker would also become a Seneca sachem, and in 1869, Grant would appoint him the first Native American commissioner of Indian affairs. With Parker as his collaborator and interpreter, Morgan collected more data than anyone had ever put together about the social organization, political practices, domestic habits and stories of New York's Haudenosaunee", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nOne of the stories he included in League of the Ho-de-no-sau-nee is the story of the Maid of the Mist. Interestingly, it has nothing to do with human sacrifice. Rather, Morgan's luscious maiden paddles to her own death because her family is forcing her to marry an unpleasant old Indian.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe \"suicidal bride\" version of the Maid of the Mist tale is historically just as popular as the sacrifice version: in fact, along with another variant in which the maid paddles herself to her death because she's a three-time widow, it is often presented as the more politically correct, \"authentic\" version of the tale", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nIt's the one that appears in ABC-CLIO's 1992 Dictionary of Native American Mythology, and that comes to dramatically re-created life in the most-watched IMAX film ever made: Niagara: Miracles, Myths and Magic, playing since 1986 at the Niagara Falls IMAX Theatre. Suicide, with its noble overtones, is presumed to be less insulting to the Native Americans than the notion that they took part in human sacrifice.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe problem is, neither of these more \"authentic\" suicide versions rings true either, given the kinship structure and cultural traditions of the Haudenosaunee. A mythology also reflects its culture, and these stories just don't. The \"forced marriage\" idea is particularly anachronistic: all of the Six Nations were highly matrilineal. Not only were women always free to refuse a marriage, but marriage wasn't even as central to female identity as it is traditionally in European culture", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBy all accounts, the Haudenosaunee treated marriage rather lightly: husbands and wives retained their matrilineal clan affiliations, and unhappy marriages were easily dissolved. They were, in fact, so sensible about marriage that Morgan claims love and passion must have been unknown to them.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBut the thing that makes the suicidal maid look really unlikely to have an Indian source is the fact that she was already a stock character. Sexy squaws had been killing themselves for decades by 1850 \u2014 on the American stage. Another take on the \"dying race\" myth, hugely popular \"Indian plays\" proliferated in theaters while the real Indians were being edged into the wings. We have records of at least fifty Indian plays that were performed between 1826 and 1860", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThey nearly always focused on a female protagonist, often Pocahontas. These beautiful, softhearted babes of the woods, precursors to Disney's animated sexpot, starred in what were basically sentimental novels spiced up with Indian characters. In Lewis Deffebach's 1821 play Oolaita; or, The Indian Heroine, for instance, a young maiden's father tries to make her give up the noble young warrior she loves and marry a conceited old chief", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe old Indian hires assassins to kill his young rival and puts out the word they have succeeded. The news, though false, causes loyal Oolaita to leap to her death rather than marry her lover's killer.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Indian plays could be seen as technicolor versions of the \"doomed Indian\" in his canoe. Awash in sentiment about children of nature and hopeless love, they are full-length versions of the vanishing Indian story. The most famous of them, Metamora, was a long-running star vehicle for the popular actor Edwin Forrest. Lewis Henry Morgan undoubtedly saw or heard of them.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAt this point in my research, I'm convinced I have it all figured out. For his 1851 Maid of the Mist story, Lewis Henry Morgan took the traditional Seneca serpent tale \u2014 probably from Schoolcraft, whose book Morgan owned \u2014 and slathered on a tragic maid straight from the era's popular melodramas. Then he peppered the whole thing with the notion of the \"vanishing race\" by moving it to Niagara Falls, where there already was a \"stereotype story\" of an Indian and his squaw going over the brink", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nSince Morgan was working on League of the Ho-de-no-sau-nee for years, and presenting bits of his research at public lectures and meetings in the secret Iroquois clubhouse, no doubt word got out and some guidebook writer stuck it in his Niagara Falls guide even before League was published. I leave the American Antiquarian Society feeling triumphant: I have traced the sources of Niagara's fake myth.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"Where did the Maid of the Mist legend come from? Ely Parker,\" Joseph Bruchac tells me over a bowl of French onion soup. \"He was really fond of telling that story.\"\nEly Parker? The brilliant Seneca sachem? I choke on my Gruy\u00e8re.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAn Abenaki Indian, Joseph Bruchac is what the nineteenth century, or the folks at the Antiquarian Society, would call \"a man of parts.\" Writer, editor, publisher, scholar, educator, storyteller, musician, flute-maker \u2014 he seems to throw himself with vigor into every aspect of native lore and culture", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHe has advanced degrees in literature, and among his seventy-plus books are several collections of Iroquois and Abenaki tales, which is why, one gray Tuesday, I travel up to Saratoga Springs to talk to him about serpent myths, folklore and the Falls", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe fog is heavy on the Hudson as the train slithers along its shore, following the only Amtrak route that offers not only stunning Hudson River views, but the chance to roll right through the middle of a maximum security prison \u2014 Ossining, previously known as Sing-Sing, and home (incidentally) to Old Sparky, the Auburn State Prison electric chair's identical twin.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"Sing-Sing is a Mohawk word originally,\" Bruchac tells me within minutes of picking me up at the station. \"The town changed its name to Ossining because it was tired of being associated with the prison. Then the prison changed its name too.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nJoe is a tall, solid man with kind eyes and an air of extreme composure. We settle in at a popular spot downtown, and as we sit among Saratoga's ladies who lunch, he drops his Ely Parker bombshell. Parker, Joe tells me, was considered one of the most learned and articulate men of his generation", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nConversant in both European letters and Iroquois languages and lore, he contributed so much to Morgan's book that in dedicating League of the Ho-de-no-sau-nee to Parker, Morgan called it \"fruit of our joint researches.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBut Ely Parker, a Seneca raised on the Tonawanda Reservation, an Indian who practiced law but was not allowed to pass the bar, circulating the obviously fake Maid of the Mist legend?\n\"How do you know?\" I ask, having managed to swallow my soup.\n\"All the Indians know that,\" Joe says.\nIf Parker is the source of the suicidal bride story, that makes it an \"authentic\" Seneca story. But why would he relate a story that seems to be so at odds with Haudenosaunee traditions and reality?", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"Stories are told for a certain reason,\" Joe tells me, smiling in the way teachers smile when they know more than they're saying. \"Sometimes it's because you need to hear them.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nOr because you can hear them. As much as I don't want to see even Morgan's slightly improved version of the Maid of the Mist story as an authentic tale, the idea of it coming from Parker makes sense. Good story collectors know that a story is always changed in the telling, and that change has a lot to do with who's listening. Ely Parker was as educated in the European tradition as his nonnative hearers; no doubt he went to the theater too", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n? Because if he was the source of the suicidal bride, he was certainly playing to popular tastes. I mention the Indian play tradition to Joe and he laughs.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"It's the 'lover's leap' story,\" he tells me. \"It comes up again and again in American culture. Like that old Johnny Preston song 'Running Bear.' Do you know it?\"\nI do not. He starts singing. Running Bear, it seems, loves Little White Dove, but things don't go so well.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"And then these fake-sounding tom-tom things come in, oompa, oompa...\" The tom-toms startle a few of the lunching ladies and they look at us, forks poised over chopped salads. Joe's wife Carol, who has come along, laughs and eats the orange slices off his plate.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nI realize in an instant that I have simplified everything. It would be easy to see the \"lover's leap\" tale as pure white man's fancy, a substitution of European clich\u00e9s for authentic Indian tales. But the reality is more complicated, and it reveals the entwined nature f two cultures we think of as separate. When Europeans arrived in North America, they adopted many native ways of being in the world, just as the Indians adopted European goods and practices", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nTogether they created a unique frontier culture historian Richard White names \"the middle ground.\" As the United States came of age, the \"middle ground\" was replaced by a more Europeanized culture, and Indians were relegated to history books, reservations and Westerns. Like the natural world, they were domesticated: contained, controlled and dominated, even as their former \"wildness\" was romanticized in myth", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBut what the Maid of the Mist story reveals is that many Indian influences remained \u2014 we just lost sight of their Indian-ness. The maid is a hybrid, the love child of European literary convention and Native American folklore, traditions introduced to one another, perhaps, by a Seneca sachem steeped in classical learning.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"When you come to Niagara Falls, you come to the end of the land,\" Joseph tells me. \"To some, it's a metaphor for what happened to the native people.\" For some reason, it makes me think of the snake Darwin John mentioned, and its plunge down to the underworld at Devil's Hole. Like the serpent, the native tradition didn't isappear; it just went underground.\nI bring up the Canandaigua horned-serpent story, and its migration to Niagara.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nBlindsided again. Contact? The story seemed so folkloric, so primal somehow. Schoolcraft presented it as an originary tale. And yet it makes perfect sense. The two-headed snake \u2014 France and Great Britain \u2014 is small at first. The Indians feed it and it grows larger. Some Indians fear it; others want to continue placating it. The fearful are proved right at last when, with complete ingratitude for earlier care, the serpent begins to destroy the Indians.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"Contact works its way into native traditions in a lot of ways,\" Joseph tells me. \"I've heard that story interpreted again and again by tribal elders, and it's always about contact. And it's not about Niagara, it's about Canandaigua, because that's where they made the treaty that drew a line down the center of town: on one side, Indians; on the other, whites.\" But of course, at Niagara too the Haudenosaunee were turned on by a snake they had fed.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"In native culture,\" Joseph says, \"stories have two purposes: to entertain, and to educate or inform. They're used as a means of child-rearing and as a means of societal balance. When a story no longer has either of those qualities, something has been lost.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nI'm taken by the idea of nineteenth-century ethnologists collecting \"ancient myths\" from a primitive people, only to have those \"primitives\" tell them morality tales worthy of Aesop. You want a story? Here's a story about what you've done to our world. And the eager ethnologists wrote it all down, without ever realizing that they were hearing not some primal fairy tale but a modern-day \"J'accuse.\" Red man's fancy, it seems, can also be taken as white man's fact.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nOn the train home, with night falling on the beautiful Hudson River valley and some newly released residents of Ossining engaging in fisticuffs in the aisle, I gaze out the window and think about America and its first peoples. They, like the waterfall at Niagara, have traditionally been seen as outside history. Their culture is unchanging and eternal, and any \"civilizing\" or \"Europeanizing\" acts on their part are inauthentic", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nTo freeze a culture \u2014 or a natural wonder \u2014 like this is to kill it, to deny its status as a living, constantly changing entity. A culture, like a waterfall, is not a thing: it's an event. Today, Americans shake their heads and sigh at past horrors like the Trail of Tears, but to see Native American history as a laundry list of crimes perpetrated by the government on a passive people adds one more crime to the list", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"The history of Indian-white relations,\" writes Richard White, \"has not usually produced complex stories. Indians are the rock, European peoples are the sea, and history seems a constant storm.\"", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Onondaga longhouse contains a four-foot-long wampum belt made in 1692. Its design is simple: two parallel rows of purple wampum shells are separated by white shells. The belt is called the Kas-wen-tha or Guswenta belt. It was made to record and commemorate a treaty with early Dutch settlers, and its meaning is straightforward: the two cultures, Indian and European, shall travel side by side, like brothers, without ever meeting", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Indians, in their birchbark canoe, will maintain their customs and ways, and the Europeans, in their sailing ship, will maintain theirs. Neither will interfere with the other's path, or seek to board the other's boat. A person attempting to stand with one foot on each boat will fall between them and drown.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAnd yet, that's exactly what the most fascinating characters in American history have done: Irish baronet and adopted Mohawk William Johnson, his Mohawk wife Molly Brant, soldier-scholarsachem Ely Parker, even the ridiculous Lewis Morgan, donning his feathered cap and playing powwow, like one of Peter Pan's lost boys joining the Red Men's dance. William Johnson, who perhaps had his feet most firmly on both boats, fell into the waters of fiction", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nHistory can't contain him; he becomes instead an imagined character, turning up in novels by James Fenimore Cooper, James Kirk Paulding and Robert Louis Stevenson. Myth may not be true, but it's often good at describing new worlds and new possibilities.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"Contact was not a battle of primal forces in which only one could survive,\" writes White. \"Something new could appear.\" That something was American history. Nowhere is that clearer than at Niagara, where the threads of separate histories are woven together too tightly to be broken apart. Indian and European ay be on separate lines, but both lines share the same belt", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nToday the fate of Niagara Falls, New York, may hang on the ability of the Senecas to revive the economy with a downtown casino: some of the very land William Johnson forced the Senecas to yield was recently given back to them by the State of New York. Now tourists at the Seneca Niagara Casino can buy Native American dreamcatchers, drink cappuccinos in a marble lobby, and enjoy clams casino, oysters Rockefeller, Maryland crab cakes and a 24-ounce porterhouse at a steakhouse called the Western Door", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Maid of the Mist myth continues to be told, though it now includes culturally sensitive caveats about the difficulty of identifying authentic native tales. The American Niagara Tourism and Convention Corporation tells the \"desperate widow\" version on their Web site, calling it \"a dim reflection of the richness of Niagara's native culture.\" Here is how it begins:", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nWhen people knew the wholeness of the world, they knew that all are one with the world. They spoke with the earth and the sky, and knew them as themselves. The sun, the moon, and the stars spoke with them, and people were one with them. They knew the animals and the plants as their brothers and sisters. The thunder taught them about what is and what will happen. People knew all these things, and knew the wholeness of the world. But people forgot", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe earth and the stars and the animals and the Thunder continued to talk to them, but people didn't always listen.... This story tells about the last time that the Thunder ever spoke to a human.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nThe Haudenosaunee had \u2014 and have \u2014 a complex and politically sophisticated culture. Even in the dim reflection of their history we can glean from early accounts, it's clear they recognized the political and commercial value of the Falls, and fought hard to maintain control of that asset. Still, they are used to this day to represent humans in a \"natural\" state, people listening to the voice of the landscape in prelinguistic, Edenic wholeness", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nEarly pictures of Niagara almost always included an Indian or two. Like the waterfall, they were symbols of the New World's wildness, a wildness just waiting to be tamed. Envisioning the landscape in this way was the first step toward mastering it, just as imagining Native Americans as \"nature's children,\" subjects of a world not ordered by humans, was to take the first step toward genocide", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nTo envision some people in a state of nature, while others partake of human time, is to justify extermination as merely progress. Welcome to history; here's your prize: a smallpox lanket and a gun.", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\nAs the nineteenth century began, settlers, land speculators and entrepreneurs would arrive at the Falls and begin the process of taming the landscape. The myth of Niagara's wildness would become increasingly difficult \u2014 and necessary \u2014 to maintain.\nCopyright \u00a9 2008 by Ginger Strand\nWhat People are Saying About This\n\"The text is playful, and narrator Karen White is well tuned to Strand's approach.\" \u2014-AudioFile", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"Niagara Falls is where America discovered the sublime. And Ginger Strand has discovered everything that happened since. If you want to understand our relationship with the natural world, you better read this book.\" -- Bill McKibben, author of The Bill McKibben Reader", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"Here we have two captivating stories -- one about America's most famous waterworks, and the other about how a self-proclaimed 'hydrogeek' schooled herself in the myths and meaning of the great falls. Displaying wit and verve on a scale worthy of her subject, Ginger Strand shows that Niagara has been harnessed, perhaps to a greater degree than any other of our natural wonders, to human purposes.\" -- Scott Russell Sanders, author of A Private History of Awe", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"A brilliantly entertaining history of America's original natural wonder and its heedless boosters and failed visionaries.\" -- Mike Davis, author of City of Quartz and Planet of Slums", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"As engaging as it is insightful, Inventing Niagara is a careful and caring study of how myth and machine have covered over a great natural place. Peeling back the myths and looking behind the machines, as she brilliantly does, Strand reveals who we have been and who we need to become.\" -- Curtis White, author of The Spirit of Disobedience and The Middle Mind", "Inventing Niagara: Beauty, Power, and Lies\n\"This is a deep and exhilarating book. Its material could have been played for irony, but Strand chose profundity instead, burrowing down through self-conscious layers of artifice until she arrives at a place both strange and vital.\" -- David Gessner, author of Soaring with Fidel"]

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https://www.cottagesonarran.co.uk/a-brief-history-of-arran/

A Brief History of Arran

["A Brief History of Arran\nBlackwaterfoot\nCatacol\nCorrie\nKildonan\nKilmory\nLamlash\nLochranza\nMachrie\nPirnmill\nSannox\nShiskine\nSliddery\nWhiting Bay\nArran Restaurants\nArran Travel\nHistory of Arran\nESCAPE, UNWIND, ENJOY\nA Brief History of Arran", "A Brief History of Arran\nWhen you step ashore on to Arran\u2019s soil to travel to your Arran holiday cottage you follow in the footprints of millions who have gone before. Over 200 million years ago the Chirotherium (a large long-legged lizard like creature) left its tracks on Arran, and reminders of others are found in burial cairns and castles, from standing stones and axeheads. In photographs and written and oral memories, and to this day, the residents of Arran are making their contribution to Arran\u2019s fascinating story.", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe first visitors, hunters and fishermen (and still they come!) splashed ashore, between 7000-4000BC, the Middle Stone Age. They were followed by the farmers who brought animals and cereal crops and so began the history of Arran relating to the people. From then on Arran drifted through the Bronze and Iron Ages, eventually to become part of Dalriada, ruled from Ireland and Gaelic was the language", "A Brief History of Arran\nRoman galleys did sail the Clyde, but, curiously, no evidence of their landing has ever been found on the island. Hard to believe they did not fancy catching a galley to Arran for the weekend.", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe forces of religion began to make their mark, in 545, with the founding of a monastery by St. Brendan, patron saint of sailors, possibly at Kilpatrick. St. Columba is reputed to have visited Arran, but it is his disciple St. Molois, who settled in his cave on the Holy Isle sometime after 585, who is associated with Arran. Perhaps there is a spiritual aura to the Holy Isle as it is now a Buddhist retreat, though visitors are always welcome.", "A Brief History of Arran\nBy 800 Arran had entered a long period of Viking domination and the blood of the Vikings must surely have mingled with that of the people of Arran. By 870 Olaf the White controlled the Firth of Clyde and it is thought that the remains of the Viking ship burial at Kings Cross may have been from that period. As the years passed Arran seems to have changed hands, regularly and probably violently, between the Vikings, the Celts, the Stewarts and Somerled, Lord of the Isles and his descendants", "A Brief History of Arran\nIt was the Battle of Largs in 1263 that saw the beginning of the end of Viking domination, when the Scots under Alexander the 4th Steward of Scotland, defeated the Vikings under Haakon of Norway. By 1371, Robert 11, a Stewart, became King of Scotland, and Arran became his hunting ground. For the remainder of the 1400\u2019s Arran was raided, in turn, by the English, the MacDonalds, Donald Balloch, and the men of the northern isles. Confusing for the islanders\u2026\u201cOch no, the MacDonalds raided last week.\u201d", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe 1500\u2019s saw much of the same. A Hamilton became Earl of Arran and feuding ensued between the Hamilton\u2019s and the Stewarts, the latter being reluctant to hand over Arran and the security of Brodick Castle. This was in 1503 and in 1526 they were still feuding, and the Stewarts burnt Brodick Castle. In 1544, the Earl of Lennox, an agent for Henry V111 of England, attacked Brodick Castle, and death and destruction visited the island once more.", "A Brief History of Arran\nIt did not get much better in the 1600\u2019s. The National Covenant, 1638, brought more strife and, sadly, division within families. The Covenanters, under the Duke of Argyle and the Campbells, took Brodick Castle from the 3rd Marquis of Hamilton. This said marquis could not have too thrilled to discover that his mother had raised troops for the Covenanters", "A Brief History of Arran\nArran was not returned to the Hamiltons until 1656, when the Lady Anne Hamilton, heiress to the 2nd Duke of Hamilton, married William Douglas, the Earl of Selkirk, and paid off the fines levied on her family for their part in the war.", "A Brief History of Arran\nPrior to being returned to the Hamiltons, Arran was briefly occupied by Cromwell\u2019s troops. Cromwell, worried by reports of Dutch vessels skulking around the Scottish coast, sent 80 soldiers to Arran. Arran is their resting-place as they were eventually all ambushed and killed by the Arran men for paying too much attention to the Arran women.", "A Brief History of Arran\nWhat was possibly the first commercial ferryboat, with sails and four oars, plied the waters between Arran and Bute in 1684, and failed because of lack of demand. A visitor in 1695 recorded that the air was temperately moist (it still is!) and there was great fishing of cod around Lamlash.", "A Brief History of Arran\nBy the 1700\u2019s life appeared to be more settled on Arran. The Hamiltons, well established in Brodick Castle, now gained, by peaceful means, possession of the last Montgomery lands at Lochranza, including the castle, Catacol and Machrie. There were schools at Kilmory and Shiskine. The Kirk greatly influenced the behaviour of the islanders. Breaking the Sabbath was frowned upon and transgressors were penalised by the Kirk Session", "A Brief History of Arran\nOn the other hand financial help was given to needy parishioners and, in one case, money given to have a crofter\u2019s son taught Latin.", "A Brief History of Arran\nWith the implementation of the Malt Duty, which discouraged brewing and therefore encouraged the drinking of spirits, smuggling proved profitable, and to the islanders the Revenue men became a new enemy.", "A Brief History of Arran\nBut still there was war. And it was to Auchengallon, in Arran, that Hector McAllister fled after the Battle of Culloden in 1746. The Hamiltons were staunch Jacobite supporters and Brodick appears to have been a hotbed of Jacobite intrigue and Hector had previously visited Arran in order to raise troops for this cause. Hector, his descendants and namesakes feature largely in the genealogical history of Arran.", "A Brief History of Arran\nArran\u2019s population in the 1750\u2019 was, at 3646, fairly low. A weekly packet between Saltcoats and Arran was bringing health conscious visitors attracted by the goats milk offered at Cladach, Brodick. Huge changes were now set in motion on Arran with the arrival, in 1766, of John Burrell, at the request of the tutors of James, 7th Duke of Hamilton. Burrell \u2018s intention was to banish runrig farming. His Journal (1766-1782), which makes interesting reading, was reprinted in 1982", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe population count was rising, but the islanders were depressed by increased rents and by Burrell\u2019s policies, which would lead to as many as 800 families losing their holdings and therefore their homes. He did, however, spend money on mining work at the Cock of Arran and boring for coal at Lamlash. Tenants at Corriecravie and Tormore were relieved of the collective responsibility of debt and he also offered incentives i.e.: 6 guineas for the best field of cabbages.", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe 1800\u2019s heralded the arrival of Robert Bauchop who surveyed on Arran for five years. His plans were in preparation for the new land divisions planned for 1814. A road was built between Brodick and Gorton Alister, Lamlash, paid for by the Government and the Landowner. This made travel much easier and increased the use of wheeled vehicles as opposed to heavy wooden sledges. Grave fears were expressed that many of the population had become \u201cmore openly abandoned in wickedness\u201d", "A Brief History of Arran\nAs leases expired the old runrig system began to disappear. Arran farmers had to make good the debts of their neighbours to obtain the tenancies and were required to build a new house within a year, for which they were allowed relief of one year\u2019s rent. In 1817 roads were built connecting Brodick and Shiskine (The String), Brodick and Sannox, and Lamlash and the South End (the Ross Road). Progress indeed.", "A Brief History of Arran\nArran\u2019s population reached an all time high of 6500 in 1823, and they must all have been excited when the steamboat \u201cHelensburgh\u201d began sailings from Greenock to Arran via Rothesay and back via Millport.", "A Brief History of Arran\nA steady trickle of islanders had been emigrating to North America over the years but it was the notorious clearances that caused the greatest exodus. Glenree had already experienced the replacement of people by sheep but it was in 1829 that the group which seems to have made the greatest impact when talking of Arran and the Clearances trudged from their homes in North Sannox, laden with everything from bibles to spinning wheels, to Lamlash, where the ships waited", "A Brief History of Arran\n86 islanders boarded these ships for the two-month journey to Canada. Half their fares were paid for by the Duke of Hamilton; the men were given tobacco and the women tea. It must have been unforgettable to have witnessed those people, old and young, married, widowed and single, walking their last walk on Arran\u2019s soil, some eager for adventure, but many with great apprehension and sadness in their hearts", "A Brief History of Arran\nAs the Arran immigrants arrived in Canada and began their new life, travel to Arran was becoming easier. The Royal Mail Packet Company introduced the \u201cInveraray Castle\u201d and the \u201cToward\u201d on a weekly run to Arran, with the strict warning that the smuggling of illicit goods would not be tolerated. With each season more vessels ran to Arran. Passengers were ferried from ship to shore, probably with some upsets. It is impossible to believe that everyone had a dry landing!", "A Brief History of Arran\nBy the 1830\u2019s the island was well supplied with schools and the population distribution had changed. Previously the southend had the greatest density but now there was a swing towards Brodick and Lamlash. A visitor to Brodick complained that it took fifteen enquiries to find accommodation and that the rents were enormous.", "A Brief History of Arran\nLochranza was finally connected, in 1843, to Sannox and so to Brodick by the Bouguillie Road. Many islanders were still living in poverty and many emigrated. The arm of the law reached out to Arran and in 1863 the first policeman stepped off the ferry, hopefully onto dry land!", "A Brief History of Arran\nArran\u2019s first pier, an elegant iron construction, was built at Brodick, in 1872, and was soon followed by piers at Lamlash, Whiting Bay and Lochranza. These villages buzzed with activity as the graceful Clyde steamers docked and unloaded holidaymakers, cattle, sheep and horses, but it was not until 1897 that the first car was landed on Arran. From the islander\u2019s perspective, laws and acts were passed which affected them. Education became compulsory between the ages of 5 and 13", "A Brief History of Arran\nIn 1883 the islanders learned that Arran was not included in the area covered by The Crofters\u2019 Act, so denying them the security of tenure, fixed rents and compensation for improvements available elsewhere in Scotland. They were eventually granted security of tenure in 1911.", "A Brief History of Arran\nConsidering Arran\u2019s early history of mayhem, it is indicative of how peaceful life had become when, in 1889, all Scotland was shocked by the Goatfell Murder and Arran got press coverage. High tech appeared in the form of a telephone connection between Brodick Castle and Dougarie Lodge and by 1913 there was a mainland link. After the death of the 12th Duke of Hamilton, in 1895, many restrictions regarding building were lifted and new homes promptly sprang up", "A Brief History of Arran\nIn 1909 Brodick Castle installed a private turbine to provide electricity, but it was 1933, before the Arran Light and Power Company brought electric power to Arran with Brodick being the first village to benefit.", "A Brief History of Arran\nWar Memorials appeared in Arran\u2019s villages, permanent reminders of The Great War. A further Memorial, The Arran War Memorial Hospital, paid for by voluntary subscriptions (no lottery money then!), was officially opened in Lamlash in 1923, and it still serves Arran well. To encourage tourism a Guide Book was published and an ecological scare occurred when a stranded oil tanker leaked benzine at Bennan Head.", "A Brief History of Arran\nBetween the wars, tourism and farming were the backbone of Arran\u2019s economy. Charabancs appeared on the roads taking visitors on tours of Arran and tractors appeared on the farms.\nWith the outbreak of WW11, Lamlash once again became an important naval base, commandos trained on the beaches, mountains and moors, and sadly, numerous aircraft crashed on Arran\u2019s hills.", "A Brief History of Arran\nAfter the war tourism revived. Each village had its own Tourist Officer. The boats were met by numerous bus companies serving different parts of the island. Each bus company had it own colours and the piers were a colourful melee of buses and visitors. Few cars came to the island and those that did were driven on to the deck of the steamer via two wooden planks", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe first car ferry, the \u201cArran\u201d, which carried 34 cars and 650 passengers, did not come into service until 1953 and heralded the beginning of changes in holiday patterns on Arran. Prior to that, on the island, various changes took place \u2013 The Arran High School took its first pupils in 1947, and Brodick, Lamlash and Whiting Bay got street lighting. The population in 1951 was 4656, and after a brief decline in the 1960\u2019s and 70\u2019s has remained around that level to this day", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe 1950\u2019s saw the closing of the piers at Whiting Bay and Lamlash, the end of an era. In 1957 another era ended with the death of the Dowager Duchess of Montrose and Brodick Castle became the property of the National Trust for Scotland.", "A Brief History of Arran\nIn the 1970\u2019s Brodick Pier was upgraded to take a larger ferry, the \u201cCaledonia\u201d. This ferry proved to be too large for the pier at Fairlie, which had, because of its sheltered position, been the mainland winter destination for the Arran boats, calling at Keppel, Cumbrae, on the way. Fairlie, apart from the actually berthing area, was a covered pier, the wooden building providing welcome shelter on the walk to the train. A very good idea.", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe introduction of car ferries changed the holiday pattern. More visitors brought their cars, stayed shorter times and moved on. Previously families had taken homes for a month, sometimes two, and the minimum was two weeks.", "A Brief History of Arran\nVillages were more self contained before the era of the car, with tennis courts, golf courses and activities centred round the village halls and visitors who came annually to the same village, same house, quite often organised dances and events within \u201ctheir\u201d villages. Arran was very much a family holiday destination. In 1968, in Brodick alone, there were almost a hundred properties, ranging from hotel, guesthouse, self-catering to Bed and Breakfast on offer to the visitor", "A Brief History of Arran\nArran has adapted to the shift in holiday patterns, there are fewer self-catering properties but the standard is higher, and there are more activities provided. Indoor sports facilities, coastal paths, outdoor adventure courses are now on offer in addition to the traditional ceilidhs, concerts and Highland Games", "A Brief History of Arran\nThe Arran Heritage Museum offers an imaginatively presented insight into Arran\u2019s history, and the National Trust for Scotland have a programme of special events at Brodick Castle\u2026but it is the scenery and the special magic that Arran exerts which captures the visitors\u2019 hearts.", "A Brief History of Arran\nHopefully this has given you a flavour of Arran and it\u2019s long and fascinating history. Further information can be found in the many books written about Arran and a visit to the Arran Heritage Museum is a must for anyone visiting this special island.\nJean Glen\nThe information for this brief history of Arran was gleaned from the very comprehensive \u201cHistory of the Villages of the Isle of Arran\u201d by the S.W.R.I. Arran Federation. The latest revised edition is now available in many local outlets.", "A Brief History of Arran\nPartners & Accreditations\nOur self catering holiday cottages are located in many of Arran\u2019s prettiest villages. Beautiful accommodation on the Isle of Arran best suited to your preferences.\nKylerhea, Shiskine, Isle of Arran, KA27 8EP\ninfo@cottagesonarran.co.uk\nCottages on Arran | Terms | Privacy & Cookies Policy"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://dc.weber.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/REG/id/1159/rec/104

Mountain Bell Telephone and Telegraph Reference URL Mountain Bell Telephone and Telegraph

["", "\nThe contents of this collection were selected in 1977 from the Salt Lake City archives of Mountain Bell Telephone and Telegraph", "\nMartie Collett selected which represented of reflected Ogden and Salt Lake City telephone history as well as materials reflecting Utah telephone history in general.; This collection is arranged in reverse chronological order.; Stamp; History; History; History; Statistics; Place names; Almanac; Correspondence; Monographs; History; Telephone Centennial Commemorative stamp; Utah Telephone History: Six public relations booklets describing telephone history", "\nIncludes some reproductions of old photographs within the booklets.; Ogden Telephone History: copy of the 1882 listings in Ogden, monograph on Ogden telephone history; Misc. materials on telephone history in Utah. These were included in Mountain Bell's Bi-Centennial folder", "\nSome items on the celebration of the 6,000,000 th telephone installation in 1976.; Copy of the 1890, 1900, and 1910 population statistics in Utah; List of of unusual place names in Utah and a description of the origin and/or meaning of each. This list was compiled by R. A", "\nHart of the SLC Chamber of Commerce; 1932 Telephone Almanac printed for Bell System Subscribers by American Telephone and Telephgraph Company; 1948 Correspondence establishing Emma Nutt as the first woman telephone operator; Two monographs describing telephone company contributions to television; Five items, each describing some phase or some part of telephone history in general in Utah as well as the rest of the country Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.", "\nDescription\tRating Title Mountain Bell Telephone and Telegraph Repository Stewart Library Special Collections Collection Number MS 001 Creator Mountain Bell Telephone and Telegraph Date 1882; 1883; 1884; 1885; 1886; 1887; 1888; 1889; 1890; 1891; 1892; 1893; 1894; 1895; 1896; 1897; 1898; 1899; 1900; 1901; 1902; 1903; 1904; 1905; 1906; 1907; 1908; 1909; 1910; 1911; 1912; 1913; 1914; 1915; 1916; 1917; 1918; 1919; 1920; 1921; 1922; 1923; 1924; 1925; 1926; 1927; 1928; 1929; 1930; 1931; 1932; 1933; 1934; 1935; 1936; 1937; 1938; 1939; 1940; 1941; 1942; 1943; 1944; 1945; 1946; 1947; 1948 Quantity 10 folders Language English Description The contents of this collection were selected in 1977 from the Salt Lake City archives of Mountain Bell Telephone and Telegraph", "\nMartie Collett selected which represented of reflected Ogden and Salt Lake City telephone history as well as materials reflecting Utah telephone history in general.; This collection is arranged in reverse chronological order.; Stamp; History; History; History; Statistics; Place names; Almanac; Correspondence; Monographs; History; Telephone Centennial Commemorative stamp; Utah Telephone History: Six public relations booklets describing telephone history", "\nIncludes some reproductions of old photographs within the booklets.; Ogden Telephone History: copy of the 1882 listings in Ogden, monograph on Ogden telephone history; Misc. materials on telephone history in Utah. These were included in Mountain Bell's Bi-Centennial folder", "\nSome items on the celebration of the 6,000,000 th telephone installation in 1976.; Copy of the 1890, 1900, and 1910 population statistics in Utah; List of of unusual place names in Utah and a description of the origin and/or meaning of each. This list was compiled by R. A", "\nHart of the SLC Chamber of Commerce; 1932 Telephone Almanac printed for Bell System Subscribers by American Telephone and Telephgraph Company; 1948 Correspondence establishing Emma Nutt as the first woman telephone operator; Two monographs describing telephone company contributions to television; Five items, each describing some phase or some part of telephone history in general in Utah as well as the rest of the country Subject Population; Politics, Government, and Law; Public Utilities; Telephone Companies; Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph Company--History; Nutt, Emma; UMAbroad--Politics, Government, and Law; UMAnarrow--Public Utilities Geographical Names Ogden, Utah Access Restrictions Open for public research", "\nFormat.xml ead Tags Add tags for Mountain Bell Telephone and Telegraph", "\nComments Post a Comment for Mountain Bell Telephone and Telegraph"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://agts.edu/news/news_archives/2012lowenberg.html

Go Directly To… News Rapport Magazine AGTS News: Reading the Bible with help from African Pentecostals: Doug Lowenberg to deliver inaugural address as 2012 Hogan Professor Dr. Douglas P. Lowenberg will be inaugurated as the 2012 J. Philip Hogan Professor

["of World Missions on Tuesday, January, 31, 2012 from 11 a.m. to 12:15 p.m. in the William J. Seymour Chapel at AGTS. His inaugural lecture is titled \"The Book We Hold Dear: Looking at the Bible in Dialogue with Africa.\"", "\nA reception will immediately follow in the Great Hall.\nThis is the first in a series of three Hogan lectures this year. The series, \"Reading the Bible with Help from African Pentecostals: Allowing Africa to Inform our Hermeneutic\" will continue on Thursday, February 16 at 9:30 a.m. and again on Wednesday, March 28 at 2 p.m.\nAbout Dr. Doug Lowenberg\nB.S., Evangel University\nM.A.T., Texas Christian University\nM.A.T.S., D.Min., Bethel Theological Seminary\nPh.D. (Cand.), Regent School of Divinity", "\nDoug and his family presently serve as missionaries in Nairobi, Kenya, East Africa, with Assemblies of God World Missions. For 16 years, they worked in Kenya, Ethiopia, Togo and Burkina Faso. Doug's ministry has included pastoring, teaching, school administration and church planting", "\nHe is the dean of the East Africa Graduate Studies Centre (EAGSC) with locations in Nairobi and Tanzania; chairman of the Biblical Studies Department at the East Africa School of Theology; and a non-resident lecturer at the Pan-Africa\tTheological Seminary in Lom\u00e9, Togo. The seminary offers doctoral training for African leaders across the continent.", "\nPrior to Africa, Doug served for 16 years as administrator and faculty member at North Central University, Minneapolis, MN. During that time, he chaired the Cross-Cultural Ministries Department for 8 years. Previous to teaching, he was the Dean of Students\nand the Dean of Men.", "\nDoug and Corrine, along with another couple, pioneered and co-pastored a church in Shoreview, Minn., for one year; then Doug continued as senior pastor for three additional years. Before this, he served as a youth pastor in New Orleans. Doug has also done short-term missions work in over 50 countries in South America, Africa, Europe and Asia. On many of these trips, he led teams of university students, exposing them to pioneer missions ministry.\nOccasion & Date Presented Documents Length Download", "\nInaugural Lecture, \"Reading the Bible with help from African Pentecostals: Allowing Africa to inform our Western hermeneutics\" (2012 Hogan Lecture #1), 1/31/12\n\u2022 Program for the lecture\n\u2022 Lecture text\n1 hour and 8 minutes\n65.8 MB Second Lecture, \"Reading the Bible with help from African Pentecostals: Behind the Eyes of the Beholder: The Impact of Wordlview on the Reading of Scripture\" (2012 Hogan Lecture #2), 2/16/12", "\nFinal Lecture, \"Reading the Bible with help from African Pentecostals: A Twenty-first Century Pentecostal Hermeneutic for Africa and Beyond\" (2012 Hogan Lecture #3), 3/28/12\n70. 5 MB\nThe J. Philip Hogan Chair of World Missions\nThe J. Philip Hogan Chair of World Missions at\nAGTS is an endowed professorship that honors the missionary\nleadership of this distinguished former executive director\nof AGWM. As a partnership between AGTS and AGWM, it calls\non today\u2019s", "\nmissionaries and scholars to continue in the heritage of\nthoughtful, incisive and Spirit-led missiology that Brother\nHogan\u2019s ministry left us. A leading missiologist\nis invited annually to fill the chair in order to explore\nnew dimensions in missiology through teaching, research and\nwriting. Special thanks are due to AGWM, the Hyllberg Memorial\nFund, Philip and Virginia Hogan and others who have contributed\nto the endowment of the Chair. Previous Hogan Chairs 2010-2011\u2014Drs. John and Anita Koeshall", "\n2009-2010\u2014Dr. Ivan Satyavrata\n2008-2009\u2014Dr. DeLonn Rance\n2007-2008\u2014Dr. Mark Hausfeld\n2006-2007\u2014Dr. Johnson\nThe pulpit in use during the inauguration\nis from the Swedish Free Mission in Moorhead, Minnesota.\nThis congregation sent the first Pentecostal missionaries\nfrom North America, Mary Johnson and Ida Anderson. They\narrived in Durban, South Africa in January, 1905, one and\na half years before the Azusa Street awakening. This pulpit\u2019s\npermanent home is the Khoo Kay Peng World Prayer Center", "\non the upper level of AGTS.\nout the Ph.D. in Intercultural Studies at AGTS!\nUpdated: Monday, May 7, 2012 3:27 PM"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/the-issue-of-slavery-and-the-drifting-toward-disunion-jI83YchK

The US-Texas Compromise of 1850 | Kibin

["The US-Texas Compromise of 1850 | Kibin\nThe Issue of Slavery and the Drifting Toward Disunion", "The US-Texas Compromise of 1850 | Kibin\nDrifting Toward Disunion The Compromise of 1850 The annexation of Texas to the United States and the gain of new territory by the Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo aggravated the hostility between the North and South The controversial issue of slavery in the new territories arose again along with many other political differences that needed to be resolved In the midst of fear that the southern states might withdraw from the Union altogether Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky created a series of five legislative enactments These enactments known as the Compromise of 1850 answer the question of whether slavery was to be sanctioned or prohibited in the newly acquired regions The first two measures included the admission of California as a free state and abolition of slave trade in the District of Columbia The third bill was the Fugitive Slave Laws of 1850 which provided for the return of runaway slaves to their masters The terms of the fourth measure said that Utah and New Mexico become free to settlement by both", "The US-Texas Compromise of 1850 | Kibin\nwas the Fugitive Slave Laws of 1850 which provided for the return of runaway slaves to their masters The terms of the fourth measure said that Utah and New Mexico become free to settlement by both slaveholders and abolitionists superceding the Missouri Compromise of 1820 Finally the fifth measure stated that Texas a slave state be awarded ten million dollars further strengthening the south William Henry Seward among many others including President Taylor believed that the Union was not threatened In addition as a strong abolitionist Seward despised the very idea of the strict fugitive slave law and eagerly protested the proposed political equilibrium First the fugitive law denies to the black citizen all the safeguards of personal liberty to render less frequent the escape of the bondman Next the organization of Utah and New Mexico into slave states in order to appease the South into staying with the Union is unconstitutional This impracticable measure converts the Government from a national democracy", "The US-Texas Compromise of 1850 | Kibin\nof Utah and New Mexico into slave states in order to appease the South into staying with the Union is unconstitutional This impracticable measure converts the Government from a national democracy operating by a constitutional majority of votes into a Federal alliance in which the minority shall have a veto against the majority Finally these"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.congress.gov/bill/110th-congress/senate-bill/2119?q=%7B%22subject%22%3A%22Commemorations%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22bills%22%7D

Home > Legislation > 110th Congress > S.2119 S.2119 - American Veterans Disabled for Life Commemorative Coin Act110th Congress (2007-2008) Sen. Johnson, Tim [D-SD] (Introduced 10/01/2007) For further action, see H.R.634, which became Public Law 110-277 on

[" 7/17/2008.\nSummary: S.2119 \u2014 110th Congress (2007-2008)All Bill Information (Except Text)\nThere is one summary for S.2119. Bill summaries are authored by CRS.\nShown Here:Introduced in Senate (10/01/2007)", "\nAmerican Veterans Disabled for Life Commemorative Coin Act - Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to mint and issue $1 silver coins in commemoration of disabled American veterans and emblematic of the design selected by the Disabled Veterans' LIFE Memorial Foundation for the American Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial. Expresses the sense of Congress that, to the greatest extent possible, the coins should be struck at the U.S. Mint at West Point, New York", "\nLimits the period for coin issuance to calendar year 2010. Imposes a $10 surcharge per coin, to be distributed to the Disabled Veterans' LIFE Memorial Foundation for the purpose of establishing an endowment to support the construction of American Veterans' Disabled for Life Memorial in Washington, D.C. Congress.gov"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.fbi.gov/contact-us/field-offices/pittsburgh/news/press-releases/virginia-man-gets-nearly-six-years-for-robbing-drug-dealers

Submit Search Federal Bureau of Investigation Virginia Man Gets Nearly Six Years for Robbing Drug Dealers Southern District of West Virginia Virginia Man Gets Nearly Six Years for Robbing Drug Dealers CHARLESTON, WV—United States Attorney Booth Goodwin an

["nounced today that Brandon Davis, 24, from Wytheville, Virginia, was sentenced to 70 months in federal prison.", "\nIn October 2012, Davis pleaded guilty to his role in robbing Charleston drug dealer Cabell Franklin. He admitted that on Jan. 18, 2012, he and Robert Barcliff committed the robbery, during which Franklin was shot in the leg and stabbed.", "\nThis robbery was part of a larger conspiracy among Barcliff and his associates. Beginning in the fall of 2011, Barcliff, Davis, Keith Glenn, Darrell Gillespie, Jamaa Johnson and others conspired and agreed to commit armed home-invasion robberies of drug dealers in West Virginia, Virginia, Pennsylvania and Tennessee. The objective of the conspiracy and robberies was to steal drugs, drug proceeds and firearms. The group targeted drug dealers because they believed it unlikely they would call the police.", "\nBarcliff was recently sentenced to 16 years in federal prison. Johnson and Gillespie are scheduled to be sentenced in May 2015.\nUnited States District Judge Thomas E. Johnson imposed the sentence.\nThe case was investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, South Charleston Police Department and Charleston Police Department. Assistant United States Attorney Monica D. Coleman handled the prosecution."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/328/204

Supreme Court aboutsearch liibulletin subscribe previews RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE CORPORATION v. BEAVER COUNTY, PA. 328 U.S. 204 (66 S.Ct. 992, 90 L.Ed. 1172) RECONSTRUCTION FINANCE CORPORATION v. BEAVER COUNTY, PA. Argued: April 30, 1946. Decided: May 13,

["1946.\nopinion, BLACK\n[HTML] Appeal from the Supreme Court of the Commonwealth of pennsylvania.\nMr. Robert L. Stern, of Washington, D.C., for appellant.\nArgument of Counsel from page 205 intentionally omitted", "\nMessrs. John G. Marshall, of Beaver, Pa., andEdward G. Bothwell, of Pittsburgh, Pa., for appellee.\nMr. John L. Nourse, of Los Angeles, Cal., for State of California, as amicus curiae, by special leave of Court.\nMr. Sherrill Halbert, of Modesto, Cal., for the County of Stanislaus, California, as amicus curiae, by special leave of Court.", "\nBy Section 10 of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act, as amended, 47 Stat. 5, 9, 55 Stat. 248, 15 U.S.C.A. \u00a7 610, Congress made it clear that it did not permit states and local governments to impose taxes of any kind on the franchise, capital, reserves, surplus, income, loans, and personal property of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation or any of its subsidiary corporations.", "\nCongress provided in the same section that 'any real property' of these governmental agencies 'shall be subject to State, Territorial, county, municipal, or local taxation to the same extent according to its value as other real property is taxed.' The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania sustained the imposition of a tax on certain machinery owned and used in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, by the Defense Plant Corporation, an RFC subsidiary.", "\nThe question presented on this appeal from the Supreme Court judgment is whether the Supreme Court's holding that this machinery is 'subject to' a local 'real property' tax means that the Pennsylvania tax statute, 72 Purdon's Pennsylvania Stat. \u00a7 5020\u0097201, as applied conflicts with Section 10 of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act. This appeal, thus, challenges the validity of a state statute sustained by the highest court of the state and raises a substantial federal question", "\nWe have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. 344(a), 28 U.S.C.A. \u00a7 344(a), and appellee's motion to dismiss is denied.", "\nacquired certain land in Beaver County. It erected buildings on the property and equipped them with machinery and attachments necessary and essential to the existence and operation of a manufacturing plant for aircraft propellers. The plant, thus fully equipped, was leased to Curtiss-Wright Corporation, to carry out its war contracts with the government for the manufacture of propellers. Most of the machinery was heavy, not attached to the buildings and was held in place by its own weight", "\nOther portions of the machinery were attached by easily removable screws and bolts, and some of the equipment and fixtures could be moved from place to place within the plant. The lease contract with Curtiss-Wright authorized the government to receive and to replace existing equipment, and parts of the machinery appear to have been frequently interchanged and replaced as the convenience of the government required", "\nThe lease contract also provided that the machinery should 'remain personalty notwithstanding the fact it may be affixed or attached to realty.'", "\nThe government contends that under these circumstances the machinery was not 'real' but was 'personal' property, and that therefore its taxation was forbidden by Congress", "\nThe 'real property' which Congress made 'subject' to state taxation, should in the Government's view be limited to 'land and buildings and those fixtures which are so integrated with the buildings as to be uniformly, or, at most, generally, regarded as real property.' 'Real property', within this definition would include buildings and 'fixtures essential to a building's operations' but would not include fixtures, movable machinery, or equipment, which though essential to applicant's operations as a plant, are not essential to a building's operation as a building.", "\nThe county would, for tax purposes, define real property so as to treat machinery, equipment, fixtures, and the land on which a manufacturing establishment is located as an integral real property unit. This is in accord with the view of the state's supreme court which made the following statement in sustaining the tax here involved (350 Pa", "\n520, 39 A.2d 714): 'It has long been the rule in Pennsylvania that 'Whether fast or loose, therefore, all the machinery of a manufactory which is necessary to constitute it, and without which it would not be a manufactory at all, must pass for a part of the freehold.' * * * Appellant's machinery, being an integrated part of the manufactory, and so, of the freehold, was therefore taxable' under Pennsylvania's definition of real property", "\nThis interpretation of Pennsylvania's tax law is of course binding on us. But Pennsylvania's definition of 'real property' cannot govern if it conflicts with the scope of that term as used in the federal statute. What meaning Congress intended is a federal question which we must determine.", "\nThe 1941 Act does not itself define real property. Nor do the legislative reports or other relevant data provide any single decisive piece of evidence as to Congressional intent.", "\nObviously, it could have intended either, as the government argues, that content be given to the term 'real property' as a matter of federal law, under authoritative decisions of this Court, or, as the county contends, that the meaning of the term should be its meaning under local tax laws so long as those tax laws were not designed to discriminate against the government.", "\nIn support of its contention that a federal definition of real property should be applied, the government relies on the generally accepted principle that Congress normally intends that its laws shall operate uniformly throughout the nation so that the federal program will remain unimpaired. Jerome v. United States, 318 U.S. 101, 104, 63 S.Ct. 483, 485, 87 L.Ed. 640; Commissioner v. Tower, 327 U.S. 280, 66 S.Ct. 532", "\nBut Congress in permitting local taxation of the real property, made it impossible o apply the law with uniform tax consequences in each state and locality. For the several states, and even the localities within them, have diverse methods of assessment, collection, and refunding. Tax rates vary widely. To all of these variable tax consequences Congress has expressly subjected the 'real property' of the Defense Plant Corporation", "\nIn view of this express provision the normal assumption that Congress intends its law to have the same consequences throughout the nation cannot be made. Furthermore, Congress, had it desired complete nationwide uniformity as to tax consequences, could have stipulated for fixed payments in lieu of taxes, as it has done in other statutes.", "\nNor can we see how application of a local rule governing what is 'real property' for tax purposes would impair the Congressional program for the production of war materials any more than the program would be impaired by the action of Congress in leaving the fixing of rates of taxation to local communities.", "\nWe think the Congressional purpose can best be accomplished by application of settled state rules as to what constitutes 'real property' so long as it is plain, as it is here, that the state rules do not effect a discrimination against the government, or patently run counter to the terms of the Act. Concepts of real property are deeply rooted in state traditions, customs, habits, and laws. Local tax administration is geared to those concepts", "\nTo permit the states to tax, and yet to require them to alter their long-standing practice of assessments and collections, would create the kind of confusion and resultant hampering of local tax machinery, which we are certain Congress did not intend", "\nThe fact that Congress subjected Defense Plant Corporation's properties to local taxes 'to the same extent according to its value as other real property is taxed' indicated an intent to integrate Congressional permission to tax with established local tax assessment and collection machinery.", "\nMr. Justice JACKSON took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.\nAs to the Constitutional tax immunity of governmental properties see United States v. County of Allegheny, 322 U.S. 174, 64 S.Ct. 908, 88 L.Ed. 1209. See also Pittman v. Home Owners Loan Corporation of Washington, D.C., 308 U.S. 21, 60 S.Ct. 15, 84 L.Ed. 11, 124 A.L.R. 1263; Maricopa County v. Valley National Bank 318 U.S. 357, 63 S.Ct. 587, 87 L.Ed. 834.\nAppeal of Defense Plant Corporation, 350 Pa. 520, 39 A.2d 713.", "\nBy joint resolution of Congress, Ch. 215, Public Law 109, June 30, 1945, 79th Congress, 15 U.S.C.A. \u00a7 606b note, Defense Plant Corporation was dissolved and all of its functions, powers, duties and liabilities were transferred to Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Pursuant to this joint resolution this Court granted a motion to substitute Reconstruction Finance Corporation as party appellant in succession to Defense Plant Corporation.", "\nThe 1941 amendments to Section 10 added among others the following provision: '* * * such exemptions shall not be construed to be applicable in any State to any buildings which are considered by the laws of such State to be personal property for taxation purposes.' The government contends that this indicates a Congressional intent to establish a uniform meaning of the term 'real property' regardless of local rules", "\nBut the addition also might be taken to indicate that Congress understood that without it under the language o Section 10 the local rule would be followed with respect to taxing buildings. In our opinion the addition of the above-quoted language does not tend to lead to one conclusion or the other.", "\nSee, e.g., 42 U.S.C. 1546, 42 U.S.C.A. \u00a7 1546. See also list of Acts in Federal Contributions To States and Local Government Units with Respect to Federally Owned Real Estate, House Document No. 216, pp. 39\u009741."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/nebrowser?id=126&query=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104

Named Entity Browser, 126 AD

["Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nNamed Entity Results, 126 AD\nA Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith)\t3\nSamuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome\t2\nBrowsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 126 AD or search for 126 AD in all documents.\nYour search returned 3 results in 3 document sections:", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nA Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hadria'nus, P. Ae'lius (search)\nr to Africa, where he suppressed an insurrection in Mauritania, and then travelled through Egypt into Asia.\nA war with the Parthians was on the eve of breaking out, but Hadrian averted it by an interview which he had with their king.", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nHe next travelled through the provinces of Western Asia, probably during the early part of A. D. 123, visited the islands of the Aegean, and then went to Achaia, where he took up his residence at Athens.", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nIt would seem that he stayed there for three years, till A. D. 126. Athens was his favourite place, and was honoured by him above all the other cities of the empire: he gave to the people of Athens new laws, and showed his reverence for their institutions by being initiated in the Eleusinian mysteries, by acting the part of agonothetes at their public games, and by allowing himself to be made archon eponymus. From Athens he returned to Rome by way of Sicily, either in A. D. 126 or 127.", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nHe was saluted at Rome as pater patriae, and his wife distinguished by\nA Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Pe'rtinax, He'lvius (search)\nPe'rtinax, He'lvius", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nwas born, according to Dio Cassius, at Alba Pompeia, a Roman colony in Liguria on the west bank of the Tanaro, according to Capitolinus at a place called Villa Martis among the Apennines, on the first of August. A. D. 126. His father Helvius Successus was a libertinus of humble fortune, who followed the trade of a wood merchant and charcoal burner, and brought up his son to the same calling.", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nThe youth, however, appears to have soon abandoned this career; and the various steps by which he gradually ascended to the highest offices of state, until at last he mounted the throne itself, \"deserve well,\" as Gibbon has observed, \"to be set down as expressive of the form of government and manners of the age.\" 1. Having received a good elementary education he became a teacher of grammar, but finding this occupation little profitable, 2", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nhe sought and obtained the post of a centurion through the interest of his father's patron, Lollius Avitus. 3.", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nHe was next a praefectus coh\nA Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Quadra'tus (search)\ns of Philip, would lead us to place him in early life in the central districts of Asia Minor.", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nHe afterwards (assuming that Eusebius speaks of one Quadratus, not two) became bishop of the Church at Athens, but at what time we have no means of ascertaining. We learn that he succeeded the martyr Publius; but, as the time of Publius' martyrdom is unknown, that circumstance throws no light on the chronology of his life. Quadratus presented his Apology to Hadrian, in the tenth year of his reign (A. D. 126), according to the Chronicon of Eusebius, but we know not whether he had yet attained the episcopate", "Named Entity Browser, 126 AD\nAs Eusebius does not give him in this place the title of bishop, the probable inference is that he had not; but, as the passage seems to intimate that he and the Athenian Aristeides presented their respective Apologies simultaneously, it is likely that Quadratus was already connected with the Athenian Church. The Menseec of the Greeks (a. d. Sept. 21) commemorate the martyrdom under the em"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.standard.co.uk/sport/cricket/anderson-net-session-points-to-him-playing-a-part-at-mcg-6550442.html

Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG | London Evening Standard | Evening Standard

["Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG | London Evening Standard | Evening Standard\nSportCricket Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG", "Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG | London Evening Standard | Evening Standard\nJimmy Anderson today eased English fears about his fitness by completing a tough 45-minute work-out two days before the Boxing Day Test begins here in Melbourne.Anderson reported some soreness in his side after England's defeat in Perth last week, and although the team management insisted the tourists' attack leader would be fine, there was still some tension about the 28-year-old's condition as England began preparations today for the match at the MCG.", "Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG | London Evening Standard | Evening Standard\nAppearing in no discomfort, Anderson took part in the team's fielding and fitness drills before bowling for 45 minutes in the nets. Although he was not always at full pace, Anderson was still delivering the ball quickly and following through, troubling his team-mates with his pace and accuracy.", "Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG | London Evening Standard | Evening Standard\nUnless Anderson wakes up in severe pain tomorrow, or suffers a setback, he will take the new ball for England in this Test. With the series at 1-1 and Stuart Broad already at home because of injury, England would have struggled without another key man. Anderson has 12 wickets in the series with an economy rate of fewer than three runs per over, and has rarely bowled a poor spell.", "Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG | London Evening Standard | Evening Standard\nThe sense is that England are likely to field an unchanged team at the MCG. Steve Finn looked tired in Perth but he remains the leading wicket-taker in the series with 14 victims, and he bowled quickly and with hostility today. Ajmal Shahzad also had the bit between his teeth, and might have been the favourite to replace Anderson had the Lancastrian been in too much pain to perform.", "Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG | London Evening Standard | Evening Standard\nBatsman Jonathan Trott was one of a number of players who had an intensive session against the bowling machine today as England seek to counter Mitchell Johnson more effectively than they did in Perth. Nearly every batsman has admitted that they were taken by surprise by Johnson's inswingers, and that they should have been able to react more quickly.", "Anderson net session points to him playing a part at MCG | London Evening Standard | Evening Standard\nTrott said: \"It's a great opportunity to play in front of what might be a world-record crowd, so I feel pretty privileged, but I also realise the task in hand and the importance of playing the Boxing Day Test in an Ashes series.\" More about:"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/tag/fishman-mallon/

Posts tagged with FISHMAN & MALLON Apr 8, 2010Apr 8, 2010 Speedy Tax Refunds, but to Identity Thieves, Suit Says By ANDY NEWMAN Yana Paskova for The New York Times Two former H&R Block customers, Sharon Hawa and Kevin Johns, in front of the Bronx offi

["ce where they claim fraudulent tax returns were filed in their names.", "\nUpdated, 6:02 p.m. | Last year, Kevin Johns, a construction worker in the Bronx, did his taxes at the H&R Block store on Riverdale Avenue that he has used for the past 20 years or so. The next day, though, he got a call from the tax preparer: his return was rejected because he had already filed. Or at least, someone had filed in his name. That someone helped himself or herself to a $8,499 refund.", "\nSharon Hawa, a disaster-relief coordinator with the Red Cross and another longtime customer at the same office, had a similar experience. She said she went to have her taxes done, only to be told that someone had already e-filed her taxes and collected $6,145.", "\nBoth Ms. Hawa and Mr. Johns said they were told by police detectives investigating their cases that at least 20 customers of the branch and possibly many more had been robbed by identity thieves who were very likely H&R Block employees. Both said that the fraudulent filers used their previous year\u2019s adjusted gross income as proof of identity.\n\u201cThere\u2019s only place that could have come from,\u201d Mr. Johns said: \u201cH&R Block.\u201d Read more\u2026"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://contentdm.auctr.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/Congregational/mode/all/order/descri/page/5

20 50 100 200 Thumbnail Title Subject Description Collection The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1902 no. 130 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty,

[" friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is October 1902, no. 130. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1905 no", "\n152 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is February 1905, no. 152. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1899 no", "\n101 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is May 1899, no. 101. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1901 no", "\n119 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is May 1901, no. 119. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1889 vol.1 no", "\n8 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is March, 1889 vol. 1 no. 8. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1890 no", "\n17 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is March, 1890 no. 17. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1889 no", "\n12 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is October, 1889 no. 12. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1897 no", "\n81 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is March 1897, no. 81. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1901 no", "\n123 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is December 1901, no. 123. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1895 no", "\n65 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is May 1895, no. 65. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1892 no", "\n36 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is April 1892, no. 36. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1890 no", "\n18 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is April, 1890 no. 18. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, no", "\n13 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is November 1889, no. 13. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1894 no", "\n55 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is April 1894, no. 55. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1893 no", "\n45 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is April 1893, no. 45. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1890 no", "\n20 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is June, 1890 no. 20. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1890 no", "\n23 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends, and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institutions progress and present needs. This issue is Decmeber, 1890 no. 23. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1897 no", "\n80 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is February 1897, no. 80. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1893 no", "\n44 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is March 1893, no. 44. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1901 no", "\n122 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is November 1901, no. 122. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) 1"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://kashmirobserver.net/2023/01/22/jk-admin-assents-to-amend-certain-provisions-of-land-reforms-act/

J&K Admin Assents To Amend Certain Provisions Of Land Reforms Act

["J&K Admin Assents To Amend Certain Provisions Of Land Reforms Act\nJ&K Admin Assents To Amend Certain Provisions Of Land Reforms Act\nRepresentational Photo\nJammu- Jammu and Kashmir administration on Sunday gave its assent to amend certain provisions of the land reforms act which would enable certain landholders to sell off their land parcels which were prohibited earlier, an official spokesman said.", "J&K Admin Assents To Amend Certain Provisions Of Land Reforms Act\nThe assent for authorising the revenue department to move an amendment in Section 21 and Section 28-A of the agrarian reforms act, 1976 was given by the administrative council which met under the chairmanship of Lt Governor Manoj Sinha here, the spokesman said.\nHe said the proposed amendment bill will be submitted to the Union Ministry of Home Affairs for placing it before the parliament for enactment.", "J&K Admin Assents To Amend Certain Provisions Of Land Reforms Act\nThe spokesman said the proposed amendments shall lift the prohibition on the transfer of land vested under sections 6, 7 and 12 of the Act and bring these lands at par with the land vested under section 8 of the said Act.\n\u201cThe enactment will be a big relief to such landholders who were vested land under sections 6, 7 and 12 of the Agrarian Reforms Act, as this would enable them to sell off their land parcels, which was earlier prohibited under the Agrarian Reforms Act, 1976,\u201d the spokesman said.", "J&K Admin Assents To Amend Certain Provisions Of Land Reforms Act\nHe said the amendment will also lead to the vesting of revisional power to the Financial Commissioner Revenue which shall facilitate the disposal of the cases arising out of the said Act in the larger interest of the public."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/exploration/forge-colony-avalon.php

The Forge at the Colony of Avalon

["The Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nThe Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nIn July 1622 Captain Wynne reported to George Calvert that \"the forge hath been finished this five weeks.\" It is not surprising that the forge was among the first buildings constructed at Avalon.\nArtist's Depiction of the 17th-Century Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nThis modern painting by David Webber shows how the forge appeared during the 1620s. The forge was in use from 1622 to mid-century.\nReproduced by permission of the Colony of Avalon Foundation, Ferryland, NL.", "The Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nNext to food and shelter, a forge was one of the most important elements in any attempt to plant a permanent settlement in North America. Virtually every tool used for carpentry, masonry, fishing, planting, harvesting and husbandry, as well as most construction hardware, was made and repaired by a blacksmith. So important was the trade that among the 32 settlers who spent the winter at Avalon there were two smiths \u2013 Thomas Wilson and John Prater.", "The Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nPrater and Wilson worked in a small shop about 3.4 metres (11 feet) in width and 5.2 metres (17 feet) in length. Probably because of a lack of level land, it was excavated into a steep bank at the southwestern edge of the settlement. Although no trace of the smithy remained visible on the surface of the hillside, the obvious difference between the soft fill overlying the forge and the almost rock-hard subsoil made the definition of the forge room a simple matter", "The Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nBlacksmith's Shears\nThese shears were found during the excavation of the Avalon forge. The smaller arm fitted into a workbench to allow the smith to operate the shears with one hand.\nReproduced by permission of the Department of Archaeology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL.\nBlacksmith's Hand Vise, Mid-17th century", "The Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nThis vise was discovered in the forge during the excavation of the Colony of Avalon. The screw tightened the jaws on small objects being forged, not unlike today's vise-grip pliers.", "The Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nThe stone forge, traces of the posts that supported the bellows, the anvil stump and other features could be identified clearly. The layout of the forge is shown on the accompanying illustration. It is remarkably similar to forges still in use, probably a reflection of the fact that it represents the most efficient use of a restricted work space.\nReconstruction of the Forge\n\u00a91998, Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Web Site Project.", "The Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nTools and artifacts found in and around the forge indicate that the Avalon smiths provided a variety of services. In addition to manufacturing building and marine hardware, they served as gunsmiths, locksmiths and farriers, as well as repairing brass kettles, casting shot and perhaps manufacturing gun flints from flint brought from England as ballast.", "The Forge at the Colony of Avalon\nForges have traditionally been gathering places where visiting, gossiping and other social activities took place. The forge at Ferryland was apparently no exception, for among the work-related objects were large numbers of tobacco pipes, beverage containers and drinking vessels and other artifacts that indicate the recreational activities that took place in the warmth of the smithy.\n\u00a91999, Colony of Avalon Foundation\nUpdated: July 2013."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://biblehub.com/commentaries/pulpit/ezekiel/13.htm

Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses

["Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 1. - Another interval follows, and then a fresh and fuller burst of inspiration, manifestly in close connection with Ezekiel 12:21-28, and to be read in combination with Jeremiah 23, which, as Jeremiah was in communication with the exiles (Jeremiah 29:1), Ezekiel may probably have seen. There were false prophets and prophetesses among the exiles as well as in Jerusalem, and an utterance is now found for his long pent up indignation.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nSon of man, prophesy against the prophets of Israel that prophesy, and say thou unto them that prophesy out of their own hearts, Hear ye the word of the LORD;", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerses 2, 3. - Son of man, prophesy, etc. The sin of the men whom Ezekiel denounced was that they prophesied out of their own hearts (Jeremiah 14:14; Jeremiah 23:16, 26), and followed their own spirit instead of the Spirit of Jehovah. All was human and of the earth. Not a single fact in the future, not a single eternal law governing both the future and the past, was brought to light by it", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nTo one who was conscious that he had a message which he had not devised himself, and which he had not been taught by men (Galatians 1:12); that he had no selfish by-ends in what he said and did; that he was risking peace, reputation, life itself, for the truth revealed to him, - nothing could be more repulsive than this claim to have seen a vision of Jehovah, by men who bad in reality seen nothing", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nFor foolish prophets, read, with the stronger Hebrew, the prophets, the fools, the words deriving their force from a kind of paronomasia of alliteration. The nabiim are also the n'balim.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThus saith the Lord GOD; Woe unto the foolish prophets, that follow their own spirit, and have seen nothing!\nO Israel, thy prophets are like the foxes in the deserts.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 4 - Like the foxes in the deserts, etc. The points of comparison are manifold. The fox is cunning (Luke 13:32, where the term is applied to Herod Antipas). It spoils the vine and its fruits (Song of Solomon 2:15); it burrows among ruins (Nehemiah 4:3; Lamentations 5:18). So the false prophets were crafty, laid waste the vineyard of the Lord of hosts (Isaiah 5:7), made their profit out of the ruin of Israel, and made that ruin worse", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThe 'Reineke Fuchs,' in satirizing the monks and priests of the sixteenth century under the same comparison, presents a curious, though probably unconscious, analogue. In Matthew 7:15 and Acts 20:29 wolves appear as the types of the false prophet.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nYe have not gone up into the gaps, neither made up the hedge for the house of Israel to stand in the battle in the day of the LORD.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 5. - The verse contains two distinct images. There were breaches in the walls of Jerusalem, literally and spiritually, and the false prophets had not been as \"repairers of the breach\" (Isaiah 58:12; Psalm 106:23). The hedge of the vineyard of Israel had been broken through (Isaiah 5:5), and they had done nothing to restore it (Ezekiel 22:30). The day of battle, the day of the Lord, had come, and they were betraying the people instead of helping.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThey have seen vanity and lying divination, saying, The LORD saith: and the LORD hath not sent them: and they have made others to hope that they would confirm the word.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 6. - The Lord saith. The verb is that specially used for the utterance of prophets, and the deceivers used it without the authority of a true mission. For they have made others (or, men) to hope, etc., as in the Authorized Version and Revised Version, read, with the margin of Revised Version, they hope to confirm their word, taking the verb as in Psalm 119:43, 49; Job 6:11, et al.). So the Vulgate, persereraverunt confirmare", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nHave ye not seen a vain vision, and have ye not spoken a lying divination, whereas ye say, The LORD saith it; albeit I have not spoken?\nTherefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Because ye have spoken vanity, and seen lies, therefore, behold, I am against you, saith the Lord GOD.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nAnd mine hand shall be upon the prophets that see vanity, and that divine lies: they shall not be in the assembly of my people, neither shall they be written in the writing of the house of Israel, neither shall they enter into the land of Israel; and ye shall know that I am the Lord GOD.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 9. - Mine hand shall be, etc. After Ezekiel's manner, the thought of ver. 6 is repeated in an altered form in vers. 7, 8. What had been a statement appears as a question to which there could be but one answer. The prophet, as it were, cross examines his rivals. Could they deny the charge? Was not every word of it true", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\n? Then, after the statement of the sin of the false prophets, comes the proclamation of the punishment. The hand of Jehovah would be upon them for evil and not for good. In the assembly of my people. The Hebrew word indicates not a large popular gathering, but a secret council of those who deliberate together to carry out their plans (Psalm 89:7; Psalm 111:1; Jeremiah 6:11)", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThe prophets who had acted together, and been looked up to by the people as forming such a council, should lose that position of authority. The words that follow point to a yet lower degradation. They should be in the strictest sense of the word excommunicated. The city of Jerusalem, perhaps every city of Judah, had its register of citizens", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nIn such a register were inscribed also the names of proselytes of other races (Psalm 87:6), and so men came to think of a like register as kept by the King of kings, containing the names of those who were heirs of the \"life\" of the true Israel (Exodus 32:32; Isaiah 4:3; Daniel 12:1). In neither of those registers, the earthly and the heavenly (but stress is probably laid upon the former), shall the false prophets find a place", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nEzra 2:62 gives an example of the use made of such registers on the return from the Captivity. One notes the contrast between the \"my people\" which recognizes Israel as still the heritage of Jehovah, and the \"thy people\" used in Ezekiel 3:11 of the rebellious house of the Captivity. For the false prophets there should be no return to the land of Israel such as that which the prophet anticipated for the faithful and the penitent (Ezekiel 37:21; comp. Isaiah 57:13)", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nHere there is no specific mention of the name being struck out. The prophet contemplates a new register, in which their names will never even have appeared.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nBecause, even because they have seduced my people, saying, Peace; and there was no peace; and one built up a wall, and, lo, others daubed it with untempered morter:", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 10. - Peace, when there was no peace. This, as in Micah 3:5; Jeremiah 6:14; Jeremiah 23:17; Zechariah 10:2, was the root evil of the false prophet's work. He lulled men into a false security, and so narcotized their consciences. One built up a wall. The imagery starts from the picture of a ruined city already implied in vers. 4 and 5, and expands into a parable in which we note a parallelism\n(1) to Isaiah's picture of dishonest and unsafe building (Ezekiel 30:13);", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nWith an incisive sarcasm, Ezekiel describes what we should call the \"scamp-work\" of their spiritual building. They profess to be \"repairers of the breach\" (Isaiah 58:12) in the walls of the spiritual Zion, and this is how they set about it. One built up a wall. This may point to a false prophet, but the \"one\" (Hebrew, \"he\") is probably indefinite, like the French on, equivalent to \"some one.\" Some scheme is devised, an Egyptian alliance or the like, to which the people look for safety", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nIt is, as in the margin of the Authorized Version, a \"slight wall,\" such as was used for partition walls inside houses. They make it do duty as an outside wall (kir in ver. 12). It has no sure \"footings,\" and materials and workmanship are alike defective", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThe false prophets would smear it over with untempered mortar (the Hebrew word is found only here and in Ezekiel 22:28, and is probably an example of Ezekiel's acquaintance with the technical vocabulary of his time) - with a stucco or plaster, which is hardly better than whitewash (compare the \"whitened\" or plastered wall or sepulchre of Matthew 23:27; Luke 11:44; Acts 23:3), used to hide its detects and give it a semblance of solidity. They come, that is, with smooth words and promises of peace.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nSay unto them which daub it with untempered morter, that it shall fall: there shall be an overflowing shower; and ye, O great hailstones, shall fall; and a stormy wind shall rend it.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 11. - In words which would almost seem to have been in our Lord's thoughts in Matthew 7:25, we have the picture of an Eastern storm, torrents of rain passing into hail (LXX., \u03bb\u1f77\u03b8\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f79\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9), accompanied by a tornado of irresistible violence (compare like pictures in Exodus 9:22; Joshua 10:11; Isaiah 30:30; Isaiah 28:2, 17)", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nAnd when the disaster comes men will turn to those who professed to be master builders and repairers of the breach, with derision, and ask, \"Where is the daubing wherewith ye have daubed?\" And then men shall see that through all this it is Jehovah's hand that has been working. It is he who \"rends\" the wall; he who \"brings it down to the ground;\" he who \"accomplishes his wrath\" (vers. 13-15). That shall be the end of the false \"visions of peace.\"", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nLo, when the wall is fallen, shall it not be said unto you, Where is the daubing wherewith ye have daubed it?\nTherefore thus saith the Lord GOD; I will even rend it with a stormy wind in my fury; and there shall be an overflowing shower in mine anger, and great hailstones in my fury to consume it.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nSo will I break down the wall that ye have daubed with untempered morter, and bring it down to the ground, so that the foundation thereof shall be discovered, and it shall fall, and ye shall be consumed in the midst thereof: and ye shall know that I am the LORD.\nThus will I accomplish my wrath upon the wall, and upon them that have daubed it with untempered morter, and will say unto you, The wall is no more, neither they that daubed it;", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nTo wit, the prophets of Israel which prophesy concerning Jerusalem, and which see visions of peace for her, and there is no peace, saith the Lord GOD.\nLikewise, thou son of man, set thy face against the daughters of thy people, which prophesy out of their own heart; and prophesy thou against them,", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 17. - Set thy face against the daughters of thy people. Here we note that the formula, \"thy people,\" of Ezekiel 3:11 reappears. The section which follows (vers. 17-23) throws an interesting side light on the position of women in the religious life of Israel. For good as for evil, their influence was stronger there than in most other nations. Miriam had led the way (Exodus 15:21), and had been followed by Deborah (Judges 5:4)", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nHuldah had been almost as prominent in Josiah's reformation as Hilkiah the high priest (2 Kings 22:14-20; 2 Chronicles 34:22). It was but natural that there should be women on the other side also, guiding their own sex; and it is probable that Ezekiel had in his thoughts some special leaders who headed the women of Jerusalem in their opposition to Jeremiah, as afterwards at Pathros (Jeremiah 44:15)", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nSo, later on, we have the prophetess Noadiah heading the opposition to Nehemiah (Nehemiah 6:14); and in the New Testament, on the one hand, Anns (Luke 2:36) and the daughters of Philip (Acts 21:9), and on the other, the ill-regulated prophetesses of Corinth (1 Corinthians 11:5) and the woman Jezebel, who called herself a prophetess (Revelation 2:20).", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nAnd say, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Woe to the women that sew pillows to all armholes, and make kerchiefs upon the head of every stature to hunt souls! Will ye hunt the souls of my people, and will ye save the souls alive that come unto you?", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 18. - Woe to the women who sew pillows, etc. Ezekiel's minute description, though it is from a different standpoint, reminds us of that in Isaiah 3:18-26. In both cases there are the difficulties inseparable from the fact that he had seen what he describes, and that we have not; and that he uses words which were familiar enough then, but are now found nowhere else. so that (as in the case of the \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u1f77\u03b1 of 1 Corinthians 11:10) we have to guess their meaning", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThe picture which he draws of a false prophetess is obviously taken from the life, and the dress, we can scarcely doubt, was one that belonged to her calling. The word for \"sew\" meets us in Genesis 3:7; Job 16:15; Ecclesiastes 3:7; and the English is an adequate rendering. For the word rendered \"pillows,\" the LXX. gives \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u1f71\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1, the Vulgate pulvilli (equivalent to \"cushions\"). The word here obviously denotes an article of dress, something fastened to the arms", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nFor arm-holes read joints of the two hoods, which may mean either knuckles, wrists, or (as in the Revised Version) elbows. Possibly these may have been, like the phylacteries of Matthew 23:5, cases containing charms or incantations, and used as amulets. Something analogous to, if not identical with, these ornaments, is found in the \"seeress wreaths,\" and \"divining garments\" of Cassandra (AEsch., 'Agamemnon,' 1237-1242), and in the \"garlands\" or \"fillets\" of the Pythian priestess in AEsch., 'Eumeu.,' 39", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nBy some writers (Havernick) the word has been taken, as, perhaps, in the Authorized Version, for \"pillows\" in the larger sense, either literally as used in wanton luxury, like the \"tapestry\" of Proverbs 7:16, or figuratively, like the \"wall\" of the preceding section, for counsels that lulled the conscience into the slumber of a false security", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nStrangely enough, the Hebrew noun rendered \"arm-holes\" has the pronominal suffix \"my arms,\" or \"my hands.\" Keil accepts this rendering, and explains it as meaning that the prophetesses sought to \"bind the arms,\" i.e. to restrain the power of Jehovah. On the whole, it is safer to follow Ewald and Hitzig, as I have done above. Make kerchiefs upon the head of every stature", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThe word for \"kerchiefs\" is again unique, but is, perhaps, a variant of the word in Isaiah 3:22, and rendered \"wimples\" in the Authorized Version. There is a fair consensus of interpretations that it means, as \"kerchief\" means, some covering for the head, a veil that hangs down over it, like the Spanish mantilla. Its use is, perhaps, explained by the words that follow, which suggest that the veils were not worn by the prophetesses themselves, but by those who came to consult them", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThe former had, as it were, a whole wardrobe of such veils adapted to persons of various heights, so that in all cases it shrouded their whole form. We may, perhaps, read between the lines the thought that their utterances, like their veils, were adapted to suit every age and every taste. Analogous usages present themselves in the tallith of later Judaism, and the veil worn by the Roman augurs. Ezekiel paints, we may believe, what he had seen", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nAnd in those veils he had seen a net cast over the victims of the false prophetesses, a snare from which they could not escape. Will ye hunt, etc.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\n? The question (that form is preferable to the affirmative of the margin of the Revised Version) is one of burning indignation. Omitting the words, \"that come\" (which have nothing in the Hebrew corresponding to them), the second clause will run, \"Will ye make your own souls live?\" and the question is explained by what follows. The prophetesses were living upon the credulity of the victims over whom they cast their nets.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nAnd will ye pollute me among my people for handfuls of barley and for pieces of bread, to slay the souls that should not die, and to save the souls alive that should not live, by your lying to my people that hear your lies?", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\n? rather, with the Revised Version, ye have profaned, the interrogative form not being continued in the Hebrew. The prophet dwells with scorn on the miserable pay for which the prophetesses were guilty of so great a sin. Not for rewards of divination, like those of Balsam (Numbers 22:7), but for gifts like those bestowed on the harlot or the beggar (l 1 Samuel 2:36; Hosea 3:2) - for handfuls of barley and pieces of bread - they plied their wretched trade", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nFor examples of the lower gifts in kind offered to prophets, compare those of Saul (1 Samuel 9:8), of Jeroboam's wife (1 Kings 14:3), the false prophets in Micah 3:5. And they did this in direct opposition to the will of Jehovah. They \"slew,\" i.e. drew on to destruction, the souls that were meant for life. They \"saved the souls alive,\" i.e. \"their own, which were worthy of death.\" That was the outcome of their \"lying\" divinations.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nWherefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I am against your pillows, wherewith ye there hunt the souls to make them fly, and I will tear them from your arms, and will let the souls go, even the souls that ye hunt to make them fly.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 20 - To make them fly, etc.; rather, with the Revised Version and Ewald, as if they were birds, carrying out the thought that the amulets on the arms of the prophetesses, and the veil cast over the heads of the votaries, were like the snare of the fowler. So the threat that follows, that the amulets should be torn off and the veil rent, is practically equivalent to the promise that the victims should be \"delivered out of the snare of the fowler\" (Psalm 91:3; Psalm 124:7)", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nThey should no longer he in the power of those who traded on their credulity. They too shall know that he who speaks is indeed Jehovah.", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nYour kerchiefs also will I tear, and deliver my people out of your hand, and they shall be no more in your hand to be hunted; and ye shall know that I am the LORD.\nBecause with lies ye have made the heart of the righteous sad, whom I have not made sad; and strengthened the hands of the wicked, that he should not return from his wicked way, by promising him life:", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nVerse 22. - Because with lies, etc. What specially stirred Ezekiel's indignation was taut the false prophetesses saddened the hearts of the righteous (of those who looked to him and Jeremiah for guidance) with prophecies of evil and deluded the evil door by false hopes, so that he should not turn from his evil way and live", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nFor by promising him life, read, with the LXX., Vulgate, and Luther and the Revised Version, that he should live, as he would do, if he turned from his wickedness (Ezekiel 3:21; Ezekiel 18:9, 17).", "Pulpit Commentary: Ezekiel 13 - False Prophets and Prophetesses\nTherefore ye shall see no more vanity, nor divine divinations: for I will deliver my people out of your hand: and ye shall know that I am the LORD.\nThe Pulpit Commentary, Electronic Database. Copyright \u00a9 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2010 by BibleSoft, inc., Used by permission"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/cronk/biochem/dictionary.cfm?letter=front

Version 0.95 (Spring 2005) Biochemistry is a vast subject that occurs at the intersection of a number of disciplines, from chemistry and physics to medicine and psychology. One of the daunting tasks facing the prospective student of biochemistry is to acq

["uire the vocabulary with which biochemical concepts are described and discussed", "\nThe difficulty of this task has become especially acute with the explosion of knowedge occurring in this field, driven largely by the steady and rapid accumulation of genomic information, and the need to understand its meaning. Another challenge is to keep sight of the interrelationships among the vast collection of information and observations, and to make new connections that enrich understanding", "\nThis project began as my attempt to organize some biochemical inforamation in a form useful and pleasing to myself, with a distant hope that others might find it helpful as well. As the project evolved (and I became more involved with teaching), I made inclusion of most of the basic concepts an explicit goal, with the beginning student in mind. Given the enormity of the subject, there will inevitably be gaps and the information here will be limited and selective for the immediate, foreseeable future", "\nPlease also see the notes below on organization of the dictionary, and on browsers and formatting. Comments and questions are welcome. cronk@gonzaga.edu Back to GU Biochemistry home page General References for the entries herein: Stryer L. Biochemistry (W.H. Freeman, 3rd ed. 1988; 4th ed. 1995) Creighton TE. Proteins: Structures and Molecular Properties (W.H. Freeman, 2nd ed. 1993)", "\nFersht A. Enzyme Structure and Mechanism (W.H. Freeman, 2nd ed. 1985)\nFra\u00fasto da Silva JJR, Williams RJP. The Biological Chemistry of the Elements: The Inorganic Chemistry of Life. (Oxford, 1991)\nKoolman J & Rohm K-H. Color Atlas of Biochemistry (Thieme, 1996)\nKyte J. Mechanism in Protein Chemistry (Garland Publishing, 1995)\nSchulz GE, Schirmer RH. Principles of Protein Structure (Springer-Verlag, 1979)", "\nStaunton J. Primary metabolism: a mechanistic approach (Oxford University Press, 1978) Voet D, Voet JG, Pratt CW. Fundamentals of Biochemistry (2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1999)\nZubay GL. Biochemistry (McGraw-Hill, 4th ed. 1998) Additional references from the literature are included with individual entries in some cases.", "\nNotes on scope and organization In developing this dictionary, I have attempted to not assume any prior knowledge of biochemistry. However, knowledge of chemistry, especially basic organic chemistry, is for the most part presumed. In some cases, familiarity with elementary cell biology would be helpful. The organization is as follows. There are two webpages for each letter with entries corresponding to terms beginning with that letter, the \"list\" page and the \"definitions\" page", "\nOne can always select a letter from the header at the top of the page. Selecting a letter results in display of a page with a simple list of terms, i.e. the list page. The \"List terms\" link also will display the list page for the current letter. In many cases, there are individual term entries. A term in the list page of a given letter is a link to an individual entry if the following # symbol is a also a link", "\nIf the following # symbol is not a link, then the term links to within the \"Show all definitions\", or definitions page. The definitions page contains the definitions for all terms beginning with that letter. This webpage is lengthy for some letters. The individual term entries are linked here via definition headings. Links within the definitions themselves may not always be consistent, but generally if you are within the definitions pages, you will tend to stay there", "\nThe individual entries are typically more detailed than those on the definitions page. There are also external links. In particular, enzyme entries in the ExPASy ENZYME database are linked to in a separate window via the EC (Enzyme Commission of the IUBMB) number links. There are at present a few other external links to public databases, such as the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and websites of interest.", "\nBrowser behaviors: There are a number of places in the site that make use of javascript \"behaviors\" that will not work properly with many older browsers, particularly Netscape. I recommend that you use the latest version of Microsoft Internet Explorer. (I am using IE 6.0 on a PC running Windows 2000.) Most behavior is compatible with versions 4.0 or greater with Netscape or Internet Explorer. Greek letters: Another important note is that some browsers fail to show the \"symbol\" font", "\nThere are many terms in biochemistry (and science in general) that include Greek letters. For example, when the term a-helix is encountered, you may see it as \"a-helix\". I have tried to use bold font to also mark places where symbol font is used. (If you see a single character in bold, that should be a tip-off.) The best bet is to use IE 6 if you can get it. If you are experiencing problems, feel free to let me know what's happening.", "\nMargins and printing: A left margin is set in the formatting of these web pages. If you are printing from your browser and the right hand side is cut off in your printouts, set the left margin to zero. (For IE 6, go to Page Setup in the File menu. There you will find the margin settings.) You may exprience difficulty if you attempt to export these web pages to Microsot Word, due to their complex table structure.\nBiochem dictionary (footer)", "\n[ Back to top of page ] [ Biochemistry dictionary front page ] [ E-mail: cronk@gonzaga.edu ]\n\u00a9 2012 Jeff D Cronk, Gonzaga University"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://hilbert.edu/app.aspx?st=3002&e=newsdetail&nav=about&newsid=7717

Mission & VisionMission IntegrationOffice of the PresidentFast FactsHistoryDirectionsHuman ResourcesVirtual TourInteractive MapSwan AuditoriumConsumer Disclosure Newsline Graduate College Fair Featuring Hilbert and St. Bonaventure Programs HAMBURG, N.Y. –

[" Hilbert College\u2019s campus in Hamburg, NY will host a Graduate College Fair featuring Hilbert\u2019s and St. Bonaventure University\u2019s graduate programs on Saturday, March 22 at 2-4 p.m.", "\nProspective graduate students will learn about Hilbert\u2019s master\u2019s programs in Criminal Justice Administration, Public Administration, and Public Administration: Health Administration track, which are designed to be completed in 18 months. As well as all of St. Bonaventure\u2019s master\u2019s programs, including Integrated Marketing Communications, Strategic Leadership, MBA and more.", "\nAdvanced registration is requested, but not required to attend this Graduate College Fair. To register, call 926-8949 or visit www.hilbert.edu/grad/open-house."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Jacob_of_Nisibis&diff=111695&oldid=110409

Difference between revisions of "Jacob of Nisibis" - OrthodoxWiki

["Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nJacob of Nisibis\nRevision as of 18:55, August 14, 2012 (view source)Angellight 888 (Talk | contribs)m (\u2192Life: link;)\u2190 Older edit\nLatest revision as of 11:07, October 22, 2012 (view source)Andrew (Talk | contribs) m (Category) Line 120:\n[[Category:Syrian Saints]] [[Category:Syrian Saints]]\n+[[Category:4th-century saints]]\n[[el:\u0399\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u039d\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b2\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2]] [[el:\u0399\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u039d\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b2\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2]]\nLatest revision as of 11:07, October 22, 2012\nSt. Jacob of Nisibis.", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nOur Righteous Father Jacob of Nisibis, also James of Nisibis , Jacob the Great , Jacob of Mygdonia ,[note 1] or Mor Ya`qub , called the \"Moses of Mesopotamia\"[1][2] for his wisdom and wonderworking abilities, was the second bishop of Nisibis,[note 2] spiritual father of the renowned Syriac writer and theologian Ephrem the Syrian, celebrated ascetic and one of the 318 fathers of the First Ecumenical Council at Nicaea.", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nHis feast days in the Orthodox Church are January 13/26 and October 31/November 13.[note 3] Contents\nAscetic", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nJacob was born at Nisibis (Antiochia Mygdoniae) towards the end of the third century, the son of Prince Gefal (Armenia).[3] By some accounts he is said the have been nearly related to his contemporary Gregory the Illuminator, the Apostle of Armenia.[note 4] According to St. Eugene (Augin),[note 5] the Venerable St. Jacob came from the tribe and the family of St", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nJames the brother of the Lord.[4] At an early age he devoted himself to the life of a solitary, practicing the severest self-discipline.[note 6] He liked the solitude and the peace of the desert, and he lived in the mountains around the city of Nisibis, on the border of the Persian and Roman empires. In the summer he lived in crevices of the mountains, and in the winter he lived for a short time in a cave", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nHis food was not what he had sown, but what grew there on its own, such as fruits from wild trees and green plants that grew in the desert. His clothing was made of hard goat's hair.", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nHe always fed on spiritual food which came through prayer which also kept his thoughts pure. Through his asceticism, he gained a deeper connection with God. He had the gift of foresight, and by the grace of the Spirit, he received the gift of miracles.", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nHis contemporary St. Eugene (Augin) was a native of Egypt, who later retreated to Mount Izla near Nisibis, in order to do his missionary work there. At that time, there were many heathens and Marcionists and the fear of God was lost by many. Together, these two great saints worked many miracles and healings, and they baptized many who professed the true faith.", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nDuring this period of his life he went on a journey to Persia for the purpose of confirming the faith of the Christians there, who were enduring persecutions under Shapur II. Theodoret records several miracles as taking place at this time.[5] In addition, Gennadius reports that Jacob was a courageous confessor during the Maximinian persecution as well.[6]\nThe newly excavated Church of Saint Jacob in Nisibis.\nMonastic Bishop", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nAfter leading a severe life in the mountains of Kurdistan with St. Eugene (Augin), the founder of Persian monasticism, he became the second bishop of Nisibis in 309. Upon the vacancy of that see, which was his native city, Jacob was compelled by the demand of the people to become their bishop. He was then forced to exchange his desert life with life in the city. Although he moved to the city, he changed neither his food, nor his asceticism, nor his simple clothing", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nIn his new position, he worked especially to help the oppressed, those in need, orphans, widows and the poor, for he was moved by awe and holy fear of Jesus, our Lord and Saviour.", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nHis episcopate, according to Theodoret, was signalized by fresh miracles. A similar tale is told of him as with Gregory Thaumaturgus[7] and Epiphanius,[8] that is, his meeting with two beggars, one of whom while feigning death to impose on him, actually died by divine judgment.[note 7]\nIn 313 he began to build the great basilica in Nisibis, the ruins of which still bear his name.[9]", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nAs bishop of Nisibis, Jacob was the spiritual father of Ephrem the Syrian, who was baptized by him and remained by his side as long as he lived. The Bishop of Susa, Milles (Milas al-Razi), when visiting Nisibis to attend a synod for settling the differences between the bishops of Seleucia and Ctesiphon, ca. A.D. 341, found Jacob busily engaged in erecting his cathedral, towards which, on his return, he sent a large quantity of silk from Adiabene.[10] Council of Nicaea", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nIn 325 Jacob was summoned to the Council of Nicaea.[11] A leading part is ascribed to him by Theodoret in the debates of that council, as the champion of the whole Orthodox faith.[note 8] He is commended by Athanasius, together with Hosius, Alexander, Eustathius, and others.[12] According to some Eastern accounts of the council, Jacob was one of those whom the Emperor Constantine marked out for peculiar honour.[13] Nicephorus also adds, that similar to Paphnutius of Thebes, he was noticeable at the Council due to the the seams and scars left by his sufferings;[14] Theodoret however is silent on this point.", "Difference between revisions of Jacob of Nisibis - OrthodoxWiki\nAbraham Ecchellensis ascribed to him the compilation of the eighty-four Arabic Nicene canons, the spuriousness of which has been sufficiently proved.[15] His name also occurs among those who signed the decrees of the Council of Antioch \"in Encaeniis\" in A.D. 341, of doubtful authenticity,[16] since no mention of his being present at this council occurs elsewhere.[17] In Jerusalem\nLater Bishop Jacob was present at the dedication of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem, on"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.education.ie/en/Press-Events/Press-Releases/2018-press-releases/PR18-12-21-2.html

21st December, 2018 - Minister Appoints new Chairperson Designate and re-appoints eligible members for a second term of the Council of National Council for Special Education (NCSE) The Minister for Education and Skills, Joe McHugh, T.D., today announced a

["ppointments to the National Council for Special Education (NCSE) for 2019 \u2013 2022.", "\nThe Education of Persons with Special Educational Needs (EPSEN) Act 2004 provides that the Council shall comprise 13 members (at least 6 men and 6 women), including one Chairperson, all of whom are appointed by the Minister.", "\nAs the term of office of the current NCSE Council comes to an end on 31st December 2018 and in order to ensure that a Council is in place for the 1st January 2019 and has a quorum, it is necessary to make a number of appointments, in advance of completion of a selection process under the Public Appointments Service (PAS) which is currently underway.", "\nAs it is expected that this process will not be completed until early in the New Year, the Minister has appointed Mr Joe Hayes, member of the NCSE Council 2016 \u2013 2018 as Chairperson Designate of the NCSE Council for 2019 to 2022. In accordance with the terms of the Guidelines on Appointments to State Boards, Chairpersons may be appointed as Chairperson Designate until the Oireachtas Committee approves the appointment.", "\nOn announcing the appointment of Mr. Hayes as Chairperson Designate today, the Minster said that:\n\u201cI welcome the appointment of Joe Hayes as Chairperson Designate of the NCSE Council. Joe brings considerable skills to the role both from his previous service as Ambassador in the Diplomatic Service, as member of the current NCSE Council and his strong interest in and personal knowledge of education of children and adults with special educational needs.\u201d", "\nThe Minister also re-appointed four members of the out-going Council, who are eligible for re-appointment, having served only one term. The following members have been re-appointed:\nMs Anne Tansey (Nominee of the Minister for Education and Skills)\nMr Don Mahon (Nominee of the Minister for Education and Skills)\nMs Aine Lynch (Nominee of the National Primary Parents Association)\nMs Antoinette Nic Gearailt (Nominee of the Association of Community and Comprehensive Schools)", "\nThe remaining 8 vacancies will be filled early in the New Year from nominations by the National Disability Authority (required by section 21(4) (a) of the EPSEN Act 2004); nominations by relevant stakeholders, recognised trade unions and staff associations representing teachers and principals of schools, parent representatives (required by Section 21(3) of EPSEN Act) and from nominations under the PAS Process, including the Minister for Health\u2019s nominee.", "\nThe NCSE is a Statutory Body with the structure and functions set out in the Education for Persons with Special Educational Needs (EPSEN) Act 2004, with a 13 member Council which must consist of at least 6 men and at least 6 women. Its functions include:\nplanning for, and co-ordinating, the provision of education for children with special educational needs and ensuring that a continuum of special educational provision is available conducting and carrying out research", "\nproviding policy advice to the Minister for Education and Skills in relation to special education\ndisseminating information, including best practice, on special education to parents, schools and other interested persons\nconsult with voluntary bodies to ensure that their knowledge and expertise can inform the development of policy by the Council.\nThe Minister welcomed the new appointees and wished them well in their roles on the Council of NCSE over the next four years.\nNote for Editor", "\nThe National Council for Special Education was established under the Education of Persons with Special Educational Needs (EPSEN) Act, 2004 to improve the delivery of education services to persons with special educational needs arising from disabilities with particular emphasis on children", "\nThe NCSE provides advice and information on special education to schools and parents; allocates resource teacher and special needs assistant supports to schools; undertakes and disseminates research into special education; and provides policy advice to the Minister for Education and Skills on issues relating to special education. The NCSE also has advisory roles in relation to the provision of specialist equipment/assistive technology for students and special school transport arrangements.", "\nThe general functions of the Council are set out in Section 20 of the EPSEN Act.\nIn carrying out its functions under the Act, the Council is required to consult directly with stakeholders as necessary and to establish a formal national Consultative Forum representative of all the stakeholders. Further information on the work of the National Council for Special Education is available at www.ncse.ie.", "\nThere is no remuneration or fee for the position. Travel and Subsistence will be paid at the current Public Service rates.\nAppointment of Chairperson", "\nUnder the Guidelines on Appointments to State Boards (Department of Public Expenditure and Reform, November 2014), a chairperson may be appointed under the PAS process or outside this process where the \"Minister has independently identified a person who is evidently and objectively highly-qualified and capable of effectively discharging the role of Chair of a State Board and who has not otherwise applied through the stateboards.ie process\".", "\nIn accordance with the terms of the Guidelines on Appointments to State Boards, persons being proposed by Ministers for appointment as Chairpersons of State Bodies/Agencies are required to make themselves available to the appropriate Oireachtas Committee to discuss the approach which they will take to their role as Chairperson and their views about the future contribution of the Body or Board in question.", "\nChairpersons may be appointed as Chairperson Designate until the Oireachtas Committee approves the appointment."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://contentdm.auctr.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/after-noon

20 50 100 200 Thumbnail Title Subject Description Collection The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1901 no. 117 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty,

[" friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is March 1901, no. 117. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1889 vol. 1 no", "\n6 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is January, 1889 vol 1 no. 6. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) QuickView"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://abc7ny.com/new-york-city-princess-diana-royal-family-yorkers/6397925/

On This Day: Remembering Princess Diana's Tragic Death in 1997

["On This Day: Remembering Princess Diana's Tragic Death in 1997\nThe death of Princess Diana: As It Happened (1997)\nNEW YORK (WABC) -- Above: Watch original Channel 7 Eyewitness News coverage of the death of Princess Diana. These reports aired on Sept. 1, 1997.\nOn August 31, 1997, the world was stunned by the tragic death of Princess Diana, the beloved \"People's Princess,\" in Paris, France. She was 36.", "On This Day: Remembering Princess Diana's Tragic Death in 1997\nPrincess Diana had just left the Ritz Paris Hotel with her boyfriend Dodi Fayed, and the couple was being driven to Fayed's apartment by a driver, Henri Paul. After their car was swarmed by \"paparazzi,\" or celebrity photographers, the driver lost control of the vehicle and slammed into a wall at the entrance of the Pont de l'Alma tunnel.", "On This Day: Remembering Princess Diana's Tragic Death in 1997\nBoth Fayed and the driver were killed on impact. However, Princess Diana was taken to a nearby hospital where she was later declared dead. The only survivor of the crash was Diana's bodyguard, Trevor Rees-Jones, who was in the front passenger seat.\nPaul was found with a blood alcohol level 3.5 times higher than the legal limit in France. He was also accused of going as fast as 120 miles per hour when the crash occurred.", "On This Day: Remembering Princess Diana's Tragic Death in 1997\nThe world mourned the loss of the People's Princess, and on Sept. 1, New Yorkers streamed to the British Consulate on the East Side of Manhattan and paid tribute to one of the most iconic women of the 20th Century.\n\"She was just such a great human being,\" Jennifer Cummings said outside of the British Consulate. \"To see her gone like this ... I can't ... I still can't cope with it.\"", "On This Day: Remembering Princess Diana's Tragic Death in 1997\nFlowers, letters, pictures and drawings were left in front of the consulate where a long line of mourners waited to sign a condolence book for the Royal Family.\n\"We have been overcome by the extent of the sympathy, grief, and the reaction of the people of New York,\" said British Consul General Jeffrey Ling.\nOne individual even referenced Billy Joel's iconic song \"Only the Good Die Young\" to describe the passing of the princess.\nnew york cityvaultroyal family", "On This Day: Remembering Princess Diana's Tragic Death in 1997\nThanksgiving TBT: A look back at the iconic Macy's parade in 1980\nThe strange story of the Cabbage Patch Kid Riots of 1983\nNews Vault: Remembering the Kennedy Assassination"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://furtherglory.wordpress.com/2014/01/08/

American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium

["American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nAmerican soldier, who liberated Mauthausen, saved woman who was on the steps of the crematorium\nFiled under: Holocaust \u2014 Tags: 11th Armored Divisiion, Joe Barbella, Louis Haefliger, Marsha Kreuzman, Mauthausen crematorium \u2014 furtherglory @ 9:38 am\nMarsha Kreuzman is a Holocaust survivor of the Plaszow, Auschwitz, and Mauthausen concentration camps. The story of her liberation from Mauthausen is told in a recent news article which you can read here.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nThe Mauthausen concentration camp was liberated by American soldiers on May 5, 1945. General Eisenhower ordered a re-enactment of the liberation on May 6, 1945 so that photographs could be taken. This was the day that American soldiers, from the 11th Armored Division, including Joe Barbella, arrived at the camp.\nThe liberation of Mauthausen was re-enacted on May 6, 1945 when soldiers of the 11th Armored Division arrived at the camp", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nThe photograph above was taken on May 6, 1945, the day after the official liberation of the Mauthausen main camp on May 5, 1945. The photo shows prisoners surrounding an M8 Greyhound armored car.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nAccording to Pierre Serge Choumoff (a prisoner at the camp), the liberation of Mauthausen, as shown in the photo above, was reenacted for photographers at the request of General Dwight D. Eisenhower. The Nazi eagle over the gate had already been removed by the prisoners and a banner, written in Spanish, had been put up by the Spanish political prisoners. The English translation reads \u201cThe Spanish Anti-Fascists Salute the Liberating Forces.\u201d\nThis quote is from the news article, cited above:", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nLIVINGSTON, N.J., (RNS) It\u2019s been almost 70 years, but Marsha Kreuzman still remembers the moment she lay outside the steps of a Nazi crematorium wishing she could die.\nKreuzman had already lost her mother, father and brother to the Holocaust, and death seemed inevitable, she said.\nBut then an American soldier picked up her 68-pound body and whisked her to safety. [\u2026]", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nOn May 5, 1945, U.S. soldiers from the 11th Armored Division would cross the Linz border in Austria and liberate Mauthausen. [Joe] Barbella wouldn\u2019t enter the camp with the medical unit until the day after it was liberated, he said.\n\u201cWhen we got there, we saw all these people were skin and bones,\u201d Barbella said.\nKreuzman said she remembers lying down just outside the camp\u2019s crematorium when the soldiers arrived. She heard the words: \u201cYou\u2019re free.\u201d", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nApparently, 68-pound Marsha had been lying on the steps down into the crematorium for one whole day before Joe Barbella arrived and the liberation of the camp was re-enacted for the benefit of the press. Or was she placed on the steps for the re-enactment? Hopefully, the Communist prisoners, who had helped to liberate camp, had picked her up, on May 5th, and had taken her inside the camp hospital which was located right next to the crematorium.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nThe white building on the left is the former Mauthausen camp hospital, which is now a Museum. The steps down into the crematorium are shown in the center of the photo\nSteps down into the Crematorium at Mauthausen are shown in the center of the photo", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nThe photo above shows a view of the Mauthausen crematorium chimney. I took this photo from across the street, where I was standing at the open gate into the Quarantine camp where prisoners were confined for two weeks upon their arrival in an attempt to prevent epidemics. The green building, on the right side, is the bunker or camp prison. An outside stairway, at the end of the green building, leads to the execution area underground where prisoners were shot or hanged.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nThe gas chamber is located underground in the area to the left of the chimney. In the foreground is the opening into the Quarantine camp.\nMarsha Krauzman says that she was lying on the steps down into the underground crematorium, when she was rescued by an American soldier on May 6, 1945. She had been taken to the crematorium by the German guards, presumably to be killed in the gas chamber.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nOn May 5, 1945, the date given for the official liberation of the Mauthausen main concentration camp, a platoon of 23 men from the 11th Armored Division of the US Third Army, led by Staff Sgt. Albert J. Kosiek, had arrived at the main camp near the town of Mauthausen. They had been guided there by Louis Haefliger, a Red Cross representative who was staying in the camp, and two German soldiers, after first liberating the Gusen sub-camp, 6 kilometers to the west.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nHaefliger had taken it upon himself to go out and find American soldiers fighting in the area. He brought them first to the Gusen sub-camp because of the rumors that Hitler had instructed Ernst Kaltenbrunner to give the order to kill all the prisoners by blowing them up in the underground tunnels of the munitions factories there.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nAfter the prisoners in the Gusen sub-camp were released by the American liberators, fighting broke out among the inmates and over 500 of the prisoners were brutally killed by their fellow inmates, according to Sgt. Kosiek. The platoon of American soldiers was unable to control the released prisoners, so they left the Gusen camp and proceeded to the main camp, where the Communist prisoners had already organized an International Committee that was ready to take control of the main camp.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nFor many years, the Mauthausen camp had only one oven\nAlthough Mauthausen allegedly had a gas chamber, which was underground, in the crematorium building, there was only one cremation oven, which is shown in the photo above. The prisoners had been working to build a second double oven in the last few weeks before the camp was liberated.\nMarsha Kreuzman was lying on the steps that led to the underground gas chamber, which doubled as a shower room.", "American Soldier Who Liberated Mauthausen Concentration Camp Saves Woman Who Was on the Steps of the Crematorium\nIn the YouTube video below, you can hear a young Marcha Kreuzman tell the story about how she was taken, along with many other prisoners, to the Mauthausen crematorium. She implies in her talk that the prisoners were taken to the crematorium to be killed and then burned. Or was she actually taken to the camp hospital which was right next door to the crematorium?"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.china.org.cn/english/2005lh/121925.htm

Scrapping agricultural taxes by next year

["Scrapping agricultural taxes by next year\nThird Session\n10th National People's Congress and\nChinese People's Political Consultative Conference\nEnd of Agricultural Tax Well Received\nScrapping agricultural taxes by next year was one of the many features of Premier Wen Jiabao's government work report yesterday that won kudos from nearly 3,000 national lawmakers and foreign diplomats.\nFor Chinese farmers who have for centuries been paying taxes based on the number of their family members and crop-land acreage, the news is welcome relief.", "Scrapping agricultural taxes by next year\n\"Agricultural tax will be exempted throughout the country next year, which means what had been targeted for five years will be achieved in just three years,\" Wen told lawmakers of the 10th NPC and members of the 10th National Committee of CPPCC.\nXu Dequan, an NPC deputy from Central China's Henan Province, said: \"I hope the government will continue with its supportive measures so that farmers can have bulging wallets and a better life.\"", "Scrapping agricultural taxes by next year\nNPC deputy Xing Kezhi from Tianjin said: \"It is vital to take care of the issues of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in order to build a harmonious society.\"\n\"If farmers' income does not increase and the wealth gap between urban and rural regions keeps widening, it would be unfavorable to social stability and sustained growth.\"", "Scrapping agricultural taxes by next year\nDuring the report delivered at the opening session of the current NPC, Wen offered a wide range of measures to improve people's livelihood, promote more balanced development and build a harmonious society.\n\"Since he took up his post in 2003, the premier has been making pledges which he has been fulfilling,\" said Zhu Shanping, an NPC deputy from East China's Jiangsu Province. \"This makes us feel more confident about the government.\"", "Scrapping agricultural taxes by next year\nSerge Abou, the European Union ambassador to China, said the work report was very extensive for it not only reviewed the work done in the past year but also forecasts the state of the nation's major projects in 2005.\nThe concept of a harmonious society covers a wide range of topics, including the economic growth and government responsibility, he said.", "Scrapping agricultural taxes by next year\n\"As for me, I am more concerned with global issues like energy efficiency, the environment and the prevention of disease,\" said the ambassador after attending the NPC meeting. He added that he was very satisfied with the good intentions of the Chinese Government on those matters and had \"confidence in their implementation.\"\n(China Daily March 6, 2005)\nPrint This Page E-mail This Page Return To Home"]

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A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION

["A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nTredyffrin Easttown Historical Society Home : Document Collection Home Use the links at the left to return.\nDocument Collection - DRAFT\nA SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nAn Immense Gathering of Pennsylvanians Upon the Historic Banks of the Schuylkill - A Brilliant Military Display Reviewed by Governor Hartranft, The Oration by Henry Armitt Brown", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe scowling skies of Tuesday gave place yesterday to a delightful specimen of June weather, and all of Montgomery county, with many thousands from elsewhere, celebrated to their entire satisfaction the centennial anniversary of Washington\u2019s evacuation of the heights at Valley Forge. Upon those highest points of land between Phoenixville and France were assembled more people than had been ever been there before, and probably will ever be there again", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThroughput the morning extra and regular trains, packed with excursionists from Norristown, Conshohocken, Philadelphia, Phoenixville, Pottstown, Reading, West Chester, Media and many other points, rolled along to the Valley Station, which is just a hop, step, and jump from Washington\u2019s headquarters, on the western border of the little village bearing the historic name", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nEveryone stopped to look at the famous old pointed-stone farm house, whose front was decorated with a likeness of Washington, bunting and shields. Comparatively few, however, entered the because on the two gates of the shady and beautiful front and side was placaded \u201cAdmission Ten Cents.\u201d It seemed to be generally understood that this was for the private gain of Mrs", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nOgden, the kind and intelligent owner and occupant, whereas it was to help defray the cost of the celebration and the intended purpose of the property by the Centennial Association, whose energetic \u201cLady Regent,\u201d Mrs.W. H. Holstein, presided all day at the headquarters, receiving visitors, supplying excellent meals at moderate cost, and selling maps and historical sketches of Valley Forge.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThere were three special centres of attraction, namely: The village, containing, in addition to Washington\u2019s house, the headquarters of the chief marshall, Major General Gregg, of Reading, and a tent erected for the accommodation of Governor Hartrauft, who, with Major General Hancock, Adjutant General Latta, and Mr", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nGeorge Bullock, who arrived from Norristown about 8 o\u2019clock; the two heights, half a mile south of the village, containing the principal entrenchments, and upon the eastern one of which was erected the large tent, capable of accommodating nine thousand persons, in which the chief ceremonies of the day were held; and the neighborhood of Mr. I. Heston Todd\u2019s farm-house and barn, three-quarters of a mile still further south. Mr. Todd\u2019s residence was Huntingdon\u2019s quarters a century ago and is well preserved", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nJust north of it is a gently-inclined fifteen-acre field, in which yesterday\u2019s review of the military took place and where Varnum had his headquarters and his men were housed during Washington\u2019s encampment. A flag here indicated where remnants of the huts could be found with a little rooting", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nIn the upper part of the field stands Washington\u2019s oak, and a few hundred yards east of that, on the opposite side of the Philadelphia road, are the woods in which most of the visiting military have been encamped and will remain until to-morrow, and which is the place where nearly all of the dead of Washington\u2019s suffering little army are buried, several graves there being marked by rude stone slabs containing illegible inscriptions", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nAt points varying from a hundred paces to half a mile west of the big tent (which stood on a spot that was occupied by the huts of Huntingdon\u2019s men) and Mr. Todd\u2019s house, are the breastworks and other remains of the positions held by Wayne, Scott, Knox, Mulenberg, Patterson, Conway, Poor, Weedon and the rest of Washington\u2019s principal officers.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nJust at sunrise the Valley Forge Band marched to Washington\u2019s headquarters and played national airs while the stars and stripes were being hoisted on a tall pole in front of the building", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nOne of the earliest birds in the village was an individual that Valley Forge has never known before - the professional bootblack, and the Philadelphia bootblack at that, who had come up numerously during the night, some as coal-train deed-heads, but most of them, with a lot of camp followers, afoot, the entire twenty-three and a half miles. These, with a formidable array of Jehus on improvised hacks and a countless army of visiting vendors, were astir before daylight", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nMost of the fast-arriving crowds of people started without delay on the road to the heights, but several thousand remained in the village, attracted by the printed programme\u2019s announcement that at half-past eight the Governor would hold a reception at his headquarters and at nine a memorial service would be conducted at the picnic grounds, near by. But from his arrival until half-past nine the Governor and his companions sat upon the porch fronting the residence of Mr", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nSmith, president of the Centennial Association, while his tent stood deserted on the opposite side of the road. The Gubernatorial party were looking at a procession of the military which had formed at General Gregg\u2019s headquarters and was moving to the tented woods, where the troops decorated with flowers the graves of the Continental soldiers. \u201cThe Governor\u2019s reception\u201d did not take place for the simple reason that, according to his own words, he know nothing about it until after the appointed hour", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe crowd, tired of waiting for the event, began moving toward the more southern places of attraction, and, in consequence of this those who were to conduct the memorial services packed up and started for the big tent.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nFour military bodies, including the Griffin Battery (six guns), of Reading, had encamped upon or near the burying ground all night. General Gregg and staff were the guests of Mr. Todd, and the Washington Grays, of this city, whose fine appearance in parade attracted general notice, bunking in that gentleman\u2019s barn, excepting the coterie of their members called P. D. Q. Club, of which Carmany, the Chestnut street haberdasher, is president. The P. D. Q.\u2019s had a right royal time in a tent of their own", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nBefore it blazed a huge campfire, at which half a dozen camp followers who had tramped all the way from Nicetown, were permitted to warm their shins as they listened to the yarns of the P. D. Q.\u2019s and their guests. No flame was allowed in the barn, but the boys were enabled to read and play euchre in the remotest corners, owning to a calcium light fixed just outside the front doorway and causing a brilliant and picturesque scene", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe other troops, being well supplied with straw and blankets and having fires constantly blazing, appeared to suffer little from the wet ground and chilly air. The reveille was sounded at daylight and at sunrise the Griffin Battery, drawn up along the summit of the graveyard hill, which rises gradually from the Schuylkill, and, with their guns pointing directly over the old ford where the Continental army crossed when evacuating the place, fired a \u201cFederal salute\u201d of thirteen guns", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nA few hours later civic and military organizations were fast arriving from all points and the fifteen-acre field became a lively scene of preparation for the review.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nIn the meantime the memorial service was going on in the large tent, having begun at ten o\u2019clock, but without a great audience, as the people, many thousands of whom had never seen the place before, were scattered here and there to look at the entrenchments and forts. The Rev. Job F. Hasley presided at the services, which consisted of a dirge (Kurek\u2019s) by the Phoenix Military Band; invocation by Professor F. A. Mulhlenberg, D. D., and the Rev. A. F", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nWendell; singing of the hymn \u201cBefore Jehovah\u2019s Awful Throne\u201d by a chorus of three hundred and fifty voices, recruited from Reading, Pottstown, Spring City, The Trappe, Phoenixville, Norristown, Conshohocken, and Manayunk, under the leadership of Mr. John O. K. Roberts, of Phoenixville, musical director of the day; \u201cresponsible service\u201d by the Right Rev. M. A. De Wolff Howe, D. D., LL.D., and the Revs. Isaac Gibson and John Dyson; reading of Deuteronomy, 28, 1: 14, by the Revs. W. P. Breed and William A", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nJenks; the anthem, \u201cErect Your Heads, Eternal Gates,\u201d by the chorus; prayer by the Rev. P. S. Henson, D. D.; the hymn, \u201cGod Bless Our Native Land,\u201d by all, the Lord\u2019s Prayer by the Rev. Henry M. Kieffer; Doxology by the chorus; Benediction by the Rev. J. Grier Ralston, D. D., LL.D., and the hymn, \u201cAmen, Amen, Amen,\u201d by the chorus.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nWith great difficulty the Washington troop, of Paoli, constantly galloping along the boundaries of Todd\u2019s field, managed to keep the fast swelling mass of humanity forming a square from pressing beyond an imaginary line inside and six or seven feet from the sides", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe fence, entirely covered by squatting men, women and children, that suggested so many crows, gave way at many points to the weight, prostrating all in a promiscuous heap, to be laughed at by others, who would no sooner finish their \u201cha, ha!\u201d than they would meet with the same ludicrous mishap. At half-past ten a barouche, containing Governor Hartranft, General Hancock, Adjutant General Latta and Mr", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nGeorge Bullock, rolled into the field and took a position near Washington\u2019s oak, escorted by the Governor\u2019s staff, mounted and in uniform. Following came the procession of military and civilians, headed by Generals Gregg and Reeder, with their staffs, who were escorted by the Philadelphia City Troop. The line and the people that followed hid the entire road for nearly a mile", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nIn the lower portion of the field the grass had been mown so as to form a broad, clear way, enclosing a square of eight or ten acres. The line, which had broken, was again formed and began marching around the square, and when it was fully stretched van touched rear", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThey marched three times around in the following order: Washington Troop, West Chester, Captain Matlack, 46 men; Independent Boston Fusileers, Captain Snow, 78 men (organized in 1787 and the oldest company in Massachusetts); American Band of Boston; Norristown Odd Fellows, 100 men, and the Norristown Band; American Rifles, Wilmington, Delaware, Captain Wood, 43 men; Washington Grays, Philadelphia, Captain Elliott, 40 men, and band; Reading Rifles, Lieutenant Brobst, 40 men; Posts 76 and 16, G. A", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nR., of Reading, with a delegation of citizens from that place; West Chester Grays, Captain McFarland, 50 men, and band; Cooper Rifles, Media, Captain Russell, 35 men; Company C, Coatesville, Captain Brown, 37 men; Wayne Fencibles, Captain Cornwell, 48 men; Companies A, K, F, I, H, G, D, E, C and B, First Regiment, Philadelphia; Company B, Third Regiment; Delaney Guards (colored), West Chester, Captain Hood, 30 men; Griffin Battery, Phoenixville, Captain Denithorn, 60 men carrying sabres; Montgomery Pioneers, 29 men; 78 soldiers\u2019 orphans (boys), from the Chester Springs School; Hiawatha and Ashland Councils, O", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nU. A. M., Philadelphia, and about one thousand employees of the Phoenix Iron Works, in their working clothes, classified according to the nature of their employment and carrying designs of buildings, and models of engines, machinery, etc., illustrating the entire business, from the mines up to the shipping department. The line was under the command of Generals Gregg and Reeder, with whom and their staffs were the City Troop", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nAt one o\u2019clock the tent near Fort Huntingdon was literally packed with people, and at least three more tentsfull were left outside to amuse themselves with fat-women shows, lottery wheels, \u201cgreatest snake exhibitions on earth,\u201d the pain-killer Demosthenes, the lung-tester man, the weigh-scales man, the man with guns and target and the enterprising patent medicine man, who advertized his wares through the antics of a gymnast on a rope stretched from a tree-top to a distant stump", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nAll these and other centennial adjuncts and humbugs lined the roads, covered the hills and swarmed in the valleys. With the earthworks, the beer booths and the booths of all kinds of knick-knacks, they attracted larger crowds than could the proceedings within the limited bounds of the densely-thronged tent. There was not less than thiry-five thousand people on the grounds", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe vendors were overworked, and the stock of most of them early exhausted, although nearly all the space of the woods above the tent that was not occupied by horses and carriages was taken up by family parties that had carried their lunch from home.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nOn the grand stand were seated the Governor, as presiding officer; the other distinguished officials and the orators and poets of the day. Weber\u2019s Fantasia, by the Ringgold Band, of Reading, opened the exercises. Then followed Dudley Buck\u2019s Centennial Hymn, by the chorus; prayer by the Rev. Charles Collins jr.; Bayard Taylor\u2019s hymn, \u201cWaken, Voice of the Land\u2019s Devotion,\u201d by the chorus; a long poem by the Rev. J. G. Walker; M. Keller\u2019s \u201cAmerican Hymn,\u201d solo and chorus, and a historical paper by Colonel Theo", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nW. Bean. Although the tent was open at the sides the air was oppressive, and the people, who had all along been restless, began to go out in large numbers. When Colonel Bean finished the tent was little more than half full. Governor Hartranft, when introducing the historian, said that the latter, on account of the heat, would only read some extracts. As the Colonel kept at the extracts for over half an hour the article must have been rather exhaustive", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nTo make matters worse, the inch pipe board forming the seats kept up a continual cracking, their supports having been so badly arranged as to give way to swaying, and thereby land spectators upon the grass.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nTHE ORATION\nThe chorus went on with \u201cHail, Valley Forge\u201d (tune, America), composed by M. Robarts, and then followed by a pretty poem from the pen of Mrs. M. E. Thropp Cone. Next came the oration of the day, by Mr. Henry Armitt Brown, whose appearance was greeted with special applause. He spoke with his usual eloquence, although with a voice much impaired by a cold.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nMr. Brown\u2019s oration was an eloquent presentation of the meaning and lessons of the anniversary. He sketched the condition of the affairs in the colonies at the opening of the winter of 1777 - 78, gave a graphic description of the British entry into Philadelphia, and then presented the contrast afforded by the winter camp at Valley Forge, whose position and occupants were minutely described. The trials which have made this place so famous arose chiefly from the incapacity of Congress", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThat body no longer contained the great men who had made it famous. Men of the second rank had come to the front. A smaller mind had begun to rule; petty rivalries has sprung up and sectional feeling had asserted itself. But if divided among themselves by petty jealousies they were united in a greater jealousy of Washington and the army. They cannot be wholly blamed for this", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nTaught by history no less than by their own experience of the dangers of standing armies in a free State, and waiting in modern history the single example which we have in Washington of a successful military chief retiring voluntary into private life, they judged the leader of their forces by themselves and the ordinary rules of human nature. It was in vain he called upon them to dismiss their doubts; in vain he asked for a single homogeneous army", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nCongress remained distrustful and refused the organization that Washington demanded. Instead of an army, he commanded only a mob. Without an organized quatermaster\u2019s department, the men could not be clothed or fed. They lay half naked on the frozen ground, and famine was among them. And in the midst of this they persevered! Freezing, starving, dying, rather than desert their flag, they saw their loved ones suffer, but kept the faith", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nAnd the American yeoman of the Revolution remaining faithful through that winter is as splendid an example of devotion to duty as that the pitying ashes of Vesuvius have preserved through eighteen centuries in the figure of the Roman soldier standing at his post, unmoved amid all the horrors of Pompeii. \u201c The Guard die, but never surrender\u201d was the phrase invented for Cambronne. \u201cMy comrades freeze and starve, but they never foresake me,\u201d might be put into the mouth of Washington.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nBut the darkest hour of night is just before the day. in the middle of February Washington described the dreadful situation of the army and \u201cthe miserable prospects before it\u201d as \u201cmore alarming\u201d than can be possibly be conceived, and as occasioning him more distress \u201cthan he had felt\u201d since the commencement of the war. On the 23rd of February he whom we call Baron Steuben rode into camp; on the 6th Franklin signed the Treaty of Alliance at Versailles", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nSteuben it was, patient, careful, laborious and persevering, who transformed this untrained yeomanry into a disciplined and effective army; and Franklin, by his ability and tact, secured the recognition of the independence of the United States by France and her important aid. Meanwhile in March Greene had been appointed quartermaster, and under his skillful management relief and succor came", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe conciliatory bills were received and rejected, and when news of the treaty came (in May) the army was drawn up for a service of thanksgiving. Then came at last the message that the enemy had evacuated Philadelphia and the army was at once set in motion to follow", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nthe scanty luggage was packed, the flag at headquarters taken down, the last brigade descended the river bank, the huts were empty, the breastworks deserted - the army was off for Monmouth and the hills of Valley Forge were left alone with their glory and their dead. The last foreign foe had left the soil of Pennsylvania forever.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nSuch, then, is the history of this famous place. To my mind it has a glory all its own. The actions which have made it famous stand by themselves. It is not simply that they are heroic. Brave deeds have sanctified innumerable places in every land. The men of our Revolution were not more brave than their French allies, or their German cousins, or their English brethren. Courage belongs alike to all men. Nor were they the only men in history that suffered", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nOther have borne trial as bravely, endured with the same patience, died with as perfect a devotion. But it is not given to all men to die in the best of causes or win the greatest victories. It was the rare fortune of those who were assembled here one hundred years ago that, having in their keeping the most momentous things that were ever entrusted to a people, they were at once both faithful and victorious. The army that was encamped here was but a handful, but what host ever defended so much", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nAmericans: A hundred years have passed away and that civilization and that liberty are still your heritage. But think not that such an inheritance can be kept safe without exertion. It is the burden of your happiness that with it privilege and duty go hand in hand together. You cannot shirk the present and enjoy in the future the blessings of the past. Yesterday begot to-day and to-day is the parent of to-morrow. The old time may be secure, but the new time is uncertain", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe dead are safe; it is the privilege of the living to be in peril. A country is benefited by great actions only so long as her children are able to repeat them. The memory of this spot shall be an everlasting honor for our fathers, but we can make it an eternal shame for ourselves if we choose to do so. The glory of Lexington and Bunker Hill and Saratoga and Valley Forge belongs not to you and me, but we can make it our\u2019s if we will.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nWhile Mr. Brown was speaking the \u201ccrack! crack!\u201d of boards and consequent screams and confusion in the audience continued. One lady was rendered insensible by the fall of a board, which caught and severely crushed her. Before the orator finished seats enough to accommodate over two thousand had fallen. This annoyance to the speaker and his hearers was augmented by the playing of bands outside, which none of the arrangement committee seemed to think it worthwhile to stop", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe orator having concluded and been heartily applauded, \u201cThe Heroes of Valley Forge,\u201d composed by the Rev. Sidney Dyer, was sung by the chorus and the audience - all standing - to the tune of Old Hundred, and was followed by a chorus of Handel\u2019s Hallelujah. The ceremonies ended with benediction by the Rev. Joseph H. Boyd.", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe scene at the railroad station, with many thousands waiting for trains and all wanting to get away at once, reminded one of the evening of Pennsylvania Day at the Centennial. The Reading Company had put on for passenger traffic all their improvised Centennial cars and many freight cars, but the accommodations could not meet the wants of the home-going crowds. The last of them got home, however, and safely, but not until long after the close of the ceremonies at four o\u2019clock", "A SUNNY CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION\nThe Governor seemed pleased with what the county of his home had done, and at the close of the greatest of the extra centennials everybody appeared to think that Valley Forge, at least, would never see its like again."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://myrl.overdrive.com/media/5482318A-5538-426D-92CA-F48D9AE6D72B

Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato

["Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato\nUnforgetting\nby Roberto Lovato\nAn LA Times Best Book of the Year \u2022 A New York Times Editors' Pick \u2022 A Newsweek 25 Best Fall Books \u2022 A The Millions Most Anticipated Book of the Year\n\"Gripping and beautiful. With the artistry of a poet and the intensity of a revolutionary, Lovato untangles the tightly knit skein of love and terror that connects El Salvador and the United States.\" \u2014Barbara Ehrenreich, author of Natural Causes and Nickel and Dimed", "Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato\nAn urgent, no-holds-barred tale of gang life, guerrilla warfare, intergenerational trauma, and interconnected violence between the United States and El Salvador, Roberto Lovato's memoir excavates family history and reveals the intimate stories beneath headlines about gang violence and mass Central American migration, one of the most important, yet least-understood humanitarian crises of our time\u2014and one in which the perspectives of Central Americans in the United States have been silenced and forgotten.", "Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato\nThe child of Salvadoran immigrants, Roberto Lovato grew up in 1970s and 80s San Francisco as MS-13 and other notorious Salvadoran gangs were forming in California. In his teens, he lost friends to the escalating violence, and survived acts of brutality himself", "Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato\nHe eventually traded the violence of the streets for human rights advocacy in wartime El Salvador where he joined the guerilla movement against the U.S.-backed, fascist military government responsible for some of the most barbaric massacres and crimes against humanity in recent history.", "Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato\nRoberto returned from war-torn El Salvador to find the United States on the verge of unprecedented crises of its own. There, he channeled his own pain into activism and journalism, focusing his attention on how trauma affects individual lives and societies, and began the difficult journey of confronting the roots of his own trauma. As a child, Roberto endured a tumultuous relationship with his father Ram\u00f3n", "Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato\nRaised in extreme poverty in the countryside of El Salvador during one of the most violent periods of its history, Ram\u00f3n learned to survive by straddling intersecting underworlds of family secrets, traumatic silences, and dealing in black-market goods and guns. The repression of the violence in his life took its toll, however", "Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato\nRam\u00f3n was plagued with silences and fits of anger that had a profound impact on his youngest son, and which Roberto attributes as a source of constant reckoning with the violence and rebellion in his own life.", "Unforgetting: A Memoir of Family, Violence, and the Struggle for Justice in El Salvador and the United States by Roberto Lovato\nIn Unforgetting, Roberto interweaves his father's complicated history and his own with first-hand reportage on gang life, state violence, and the heart of the immigration crisis in both El Salvador and the United States. In doing so he makes the political personal, revealing the cyclical ways violence operates in our homes and our societies, as well as the ways hope and tenderness can rise up out of the darkness if we are courageous enough to unforget."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://contentdm.auctr.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/abuses/mode/all/order/title/ad/desc

20 50 100 200 Thumbnail Title Subject Description Collection The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1903 no. 136 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty,

[" friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is April 1903, no. 136. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1906 no", "\n161 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is February 1906, no. 161. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1908 no", "\n184 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is October 1908, no. 184. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1892 no", "\n37 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is May 1892, no. 37. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University, 1892 no", "\n38 Periodicals; Periodical illustrations; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta University was a publication sent to faculty, friend and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is June 1892, no. 38. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) The bulletin of Atlanta University 1892 no", "\n38 Periodical illustrations; Periodicals; Newspapers; Universities & colleges; The bulletin of Atlanta Universitty was a publication sent to faculty, friends and alumni of the institution; Telling of the institution's progress and present needs. This issue is June 1892, no. 38. Digital Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library (AUC) QuickView"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://gcmd.nasa.gov/KeywordSearch/Keywords.do?KeywordPath=%5BKeyword%3D'Termites'%5D&Portal=GCMD_Services&MetadataType=1

Extension Disaster Education Network (EDEN) [EDEN] The Extension Disaster Education Network (EDEN) is a collaborative multi-state effort by Extension Services across the country to improve the delivery of services to citizens affected by disasters. ...

[""]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://novaprd-lb.newcastle.edu.au:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:4384;jsessionid=D02F9D73D82C34D604F26CDC868B0684?expert=subject%3A%22child-bearing+women%22&exact=title%3A%22A+recruiting+failure+turned+success+%28letter%29%22

A recruiting failure turned success (letter) Hure, Alexis J.; Smith, Roger; Collins, Clare E. The University of Newcastle. Faculty of Health, School of Medicine and Public Health

["", "\nBackground: This paper describes an attempt that was made to recruit child-bearing women into a nutrition-based research study and the knowledge that was gained when this approach was unsuccessful. The Assessment Before Children Develop Obesity Study was a cross- sectional survey which planned to follow-up women and children who had previously been, or were currently enrolled in the Mathematical Model of Pregnancy Study. Methods: Ethics approval was sought and obtained over an eight month period", "\nAfter just six weeks it was obvious that our research objectives were not achievable because of an inadequate response rate (10%). This led to a review of the recruiting methodology as well as all written materials provided to potential participants. Advice was sought from those with expertise in the design of large public health campaigns and literature was consulted to refine our recruitment strategy", "\nResults: In subsequent redevelopment, the Assessment Before Children Develop Obesity Study was merged with the Mathematical Model of Pregnancy Study to become what is now known as the Women and Their Children's Health Study. Consent rates improved from 10% and 35% in the Assessment Before Children Develop Obesity and Mathematical Model of Pregnancy studies respectively, to 61% in the Women and Their Children's Health Study (chi square test, p < 0.001). Successful recruitment for this research continues", "\nThe significant improvement in the participation rate is attributed to numerous factors including changes to the study name, recruiting method and information materials. Conclusion: By sharing our experience we aim to assist other researchers in avoiding the same pitfalls and offer effective strategies for improving response rates.", "\nBMC Health Services Research Vol. 8\nhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-8-64\nnutrition-based research study; child-bearing women; public health campaigns; research surveys; response rates"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/62634

Workshop will teach small-business owners how to use geospatial technology to promote their businesses Greiner, Lori A. The Virginia Geospatial Extension Program at Virginia Tech will host a workshop for small-business owners on how to use geospatial tech

["nology to advertise their businesses. The half-day, hands-on program will be offered in Blacksburg on Jan. 8, and repeated in Stuart, Va., on Jan. 22, and in Abingdon, Va., on Feb. 11."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://castles.nl/conna-castle

Conna Castle, County Cork - A Desmond Castle, with a view over the River Bride

["Conna Castle, County Cork - A Desmond Castle, with a view over the River Bride\nAddress: Next to the R-628 road, Conna, Co. Cork, Ireland.\nConna Castle\nConna Castle lies in a small public park in the village of the same name, in County Cork in Ireland.\nConna Castle was probably built somewhere during the first half of the 16th century by the Earls of Desmond, on a rock towering over a bend in the River Bride. Originally the tower would have been closely surrounded by a bawn of which only a small fragment remains.", "Conna Castle, County Cork - A Desmond Castle, with a view over the River Bride\nThomas Fitzgerald, son of the 14th Earl of Desmond, lived in Conna Castle in the 16th century. Thomas was proclaimed illegitimate and disinherited because his parents were grand cousins to each other. Thomas' son James FitzThomas FitzGerald, who would become known as the Sug\u00e1n (straw rope) Earl of Desmond, was born here. James was later arrested and locked up in the Tower of London, where he died in 1608.", "Conna Castle, County Cork - A Desmond Castle, with a view over the River Bride\nAfter that Conna Castle was granted by King James I to Sir Richard Boyle, the Earl of Cork, who repaired it around 1620. In 1642 it withstood an attack by James Fitzmorris of Mocollop but was taken by Lord Castlehaven in 1645. In 1650 the castle withstood an attack with cannon by Cromwellian troops only to accidentally burn down in 1653. It was repaired and may have remained roofed until the late 19th century.", "Conna Castle, County Cork - A Desmond Castle, with a view over the River Bride\nConna Castle is situated in a small public park which is freely accessible. The castle itself however is closed. I don't know if it ever opens. I am curious about its interior on the upper floors."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://roundrocktexas.gov/cc/tags/Round+Rock+Public+Library/Isaac_2700_s+Storm/W.P.+Kinsella/Readers+Exchange/default.aspx

Round Rock Public Library » Isaac's Storm » W.P. Kinsella » Readers Exchange Erik Larson KEYE Nick Arvin Round Rock Reads! Troy Kimmel Our stormy relationship: it's over We knew it couldn't last. A library and its community-wide reading choice eventually

["have to part ways. Isaac's Storm: a Man, a Time, and the Deadliest Hurricane in History is a thing of the past. I'm on the Round Rock Reads! committee and will admit that we have a roving eye; we'll soon..."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://southwestern.edu/offices/international/su_cuzco_program.php

Southwestern: Intercultural Learning: SU Search Paideia Credit Transfer Degree Seeking & Exchange Students Study Abroad Application Deadlines Fall Semester Study Abroad: March 1st Spring Semester Study Abroad: October 1st Summer Term Study Abroad: Februar

["y 1st\nDrop-in Hours\n3:30 p.m. - 5:00 p.m., Wednesday, Thursday, Friday\nSU Cuzco Program\nVisual Cultures in the Andes\nCuzco, Peru", "\nSouthwestern University, in collaboration with ISA, has created a program in Cuzco, Peru specifically designed for Southwestern students. The SU Cuzco Program is a four-week, six-credit program for students interested in receiving credit in Art History or Philosophy.\nStudents apply to Southwestern, not to ISA, directly.\nApplication Deadline: February 1st\nProgram Start Date: May 30, 2015\nProgram End Date: June 29, 2015\nThe tentative cost for this four-week program is $6,230. The program cost includes:", "\nTuition for six credits\nHousing in twin rooms at a tourist-class hotel during orientation and excursions and at a hostel for the duration of the program\nBreakfast is the ONLY meal included. Students are responsible for all other meals\nISA on-site staff\nAirport pickup and transfer\nOrientation in Lima\nIn-country airfare to and from Cuzco\nGround transportation on all ISA organized cultural activities and excursions\nEntrance fees during cultural activities and excursions", "\nHotel and breakfast costs during organized excursions\nThe program cost does not include:\nInternational airfare to and from Lima, Peru: students are responsible for their own flight arrangements.\nLunch and dinner throughout the duration of the program, as well as on organized excursions\nPassport and visa expenses\nPersonal expenses: Internet caf\u00e9, dining out, toiletries, activities, snacks, personal travel, etc.", "\nThe SU Cuzco Program is a four-week, two-course, six-credit program. Visual Cultures in the Andes centers on the convergence of the ideologies and images of indigenous and Spanish cultures in the multi-faceted city of Cuzco, which is located at an elevation of 11,200 feet in the Andes Mountains of Peru. Unlike other Latin American cities, Cuzco is an architectural palimpset of ancient, colonial, and modern times", "\nThe street layout and building foundations retain their origins as the Inca capital city in the 15th Century, the religious complexes betray Spanish colonialism and indigenous appropriations of Catholicism between the 16th and 18th Centuries, and modern life continues at the interface of multi-cultural contacts and tourism. Living in Cuzco, students will see and study Inca architecture and indigenous concepts of representation", "\nThey will examine colonial-period representations and religiosities, and they will witness syncretic images and their function in modern religious festivals.", "\nThere are no prerequisites for this course. That said, there are several courses offered on the Southwestern University campus that are good preparation for this program:\nAnthropology:\nIntroduction to Anthropology (35-104)\nLatino/a and Latin American Spiritualities (35-304)\nArt History:\nArt of the Andes (71-324)\nPainting a New World (71-374)\nNative Books, Images, and Objects (71-364)\nLatin American Cities and Frontiers (71-354)\nPhilosophy:\nLatin American Philosophy (18-284)\nTheories of Race (18-254)", "\nPre-Columbian Philosophies (18-304)\nAesthetics (18-364)\nAdditionally, any level of Spanish offered at SU is a good preparation. Apart from the Visual Cultures in the Andes course, and not for credit, students may also work informally with tutors to develop speaking and comprehension skills in Spanish or Quechua (the language of the Incas and still the primary language of many Andeans today). SU faculty program leaders can help interested students locate the appropriate tutor/s upon arrival to Cuzco.", "\nDuring the orientation in Lima, students will be housed in twin rooms in a centrally located tourist-class hotel. For the duration of the program in Cuzco, students will be housed in twin rooms in a hostel.\nBreakfast is the ONLY meal included. Students are responsible for all other meals. Breakfast is also included on all organized excursions. Students are responsible for lunch and dinner throughout the duration of the program, as well as on organized excursions.\nCultural Activities & Excursions", "\nThe program begins with an on-site orientation in Lima, Peru, during which time students will visit some of Lima\u2019s most important sites.", "\nCultural activities in Cuzco will take place at the Cathedral (17th Century) and El Triunfo (16th - 17th Century), the Museo de Arte Religioso del Arzobispado (Museum of Viceregal Art), the Museo Inka, the Coricancha/Iglesia y Convento de Santo Domingo, the Iglesia la Compa\u00f1ia de Jes\u00fas, and the Museo de Santa Catalina. Additionally, students will attend Corpus Christi in the Plaza de Armas on May 30, 2013.", "\nStudents will also receive a Boleto Turistico (Tourist Ticket) permitting entrance to the Church of San Blas, the Regional History Museum, the Puca Pucara Fortress, Chinchero Town, the Pachacutec Monument, as well as to the native music and dance show at the Cuzco Center of Native Art.", "\nOrganized excursions will include a trip to Kenko and Sacsayhuam\u00e1n, as well as to San Pedro de Andahuaylillas (16th Century). Students will also participate in an organized excursion to the Sacred Valley, stopping at Pisac and Ollantaytambo en route to Machu Picchu.\nClick here to apply now.\nSouthwestern University Faculty Contact\nPatrick Hajovsky\nAssistant Professor of Art History\ne: hajovskp@southwestern.edu\nOmar Rivera\ne: riverao@southwestern.edu"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://utsa.edu/today/2008/06/cissa.cfm

From left are Jerry Juhnke (COEHD professor), Betty Merchant (COEHD dean) and Ron Thomas (COEHD director of school partnerships) UTSA receives Communities in Schools Award By Ashley Harris

["", "\n(June 17, 2008)--The UTSA College of Education and Human Development's School Partnerships program and the counseling and educational psychology department recently received two \"Agency Partner of the Year\" awards from Communities in Schools of San Antonio (CIS-SA). The awards, CIS-SA's highest honor, were given to the School Partnerships program and the counseling department in recognition of services provided to the city's most at-risk children.", "\nDuring the Spring 2008 semester, UTSA's School Partnerships program provided 72 undergraduate volunteers and the counseling department provided more than 30 graduate student volunteers to assist elementary, middle and high school students in the Edgewood Independent School District. Working with CIS-SA case managers, the undergraduate volunteers tutored and mentored the Edgewood students while graduate students provided counseling services.", "\n\"UTSA's involvement with Communities In Schools has been a true partnership,\" said Marcheta Evans, associate professor and chair of the Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Adult and Higher Education. \"It allows UTSA to reach out into the community and provide much needed services for children, and at the same time it allows our students to gain invaluable experience in their training as counselors -- experience that they will one day take out into the community to help others.\"", "\nCounseling sessions provided to Edgewood students are on topics including honesty and integrity, getting along with each other, bullying, appropriate methods of interacting and mediating, and the importance of education. In addition to the services provided to students, UTSA faculty members attend CIS-SA professional development meetings and counsel case managers on how to deal with cutting, substance abuse and other adolescent behaviors.", "\n\"Our plans are to expand this outreach program next year to involve 150 undergraduate students in these programs and service additional school districts where CIS-SA programs are in place,\" said Ron Thomas, director of school partnerships for COEHD.", "\nCommunities in Schools is the nation's leading community-based dropout prevention network. CIS helps students stay in school and make the right choices by connecting schools with community resources such as mentors, tutors, mental health counseling, after-school care, and drug and alcohol education.", "\n\"UTSA has been involved in CIS for more than a decade,\" said Evans. \"It's a wonderful organization whose activities support the counseling department's mission of providing students with culturally diverse opportunities as they gain counseling competency. We look forward to working with them for years to come.\""]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.anbg.gov.au/gardens/about/media/06-10-20-student-photo.html

Growing, studying and promoting Australian plants GPO Box 1777 Telephone (02) 6250 9538 Facsimile (02) 6250 9528 Media enquiries: Sabrina Sonntag (M) 0431184787 NEWS RELEASE Botanic Gardens awards student photographers Entries in the tenth annual photogra

["phic competition run by the Friends of the Australian National Botanic Gardens will be on display this weekend. The display will be opened at an event acknowledging prize winners on Saturday 21 October, at 12 noon in the Theatrette.", "\nThis year the competition attracted 229 entries in six categories \u2013 the second highest number since the competition began in 1997. All entries will be displayed for public viewing in the Dickson Room this weekend, and will remain on display for several weeks.\n\u201cThe competition provides an important opportunity for students to increase awareness of the value and beauty of Australian native plants,\u201d Acting Director of the Australian National Botanic Gardens Jim Croft said.", "\n\u201cThe Friends are very happy to sponsor such a successful event which encourages young Canberrans to express their appreciation of Australian native plants through artistic creativity,\u201d President of the Friends of the Australian National Botanic Gardens Andrew Walker said .\nThe competition is open to students from High Schools and Colleges throughout the ACT, and all entries must feature some aspect of the Australian National Botanic Gardens, such as plants, wildlife, scenery or visitors.", "\nCash prizes are awarded for each category and an additional award is given for the benefit of the Photographic Department of the School or College whose student is awarded the First Prize in each category.\nThe information leaflet and membership application of the Friends of the Australian National Botanic Gardens features the winning black and white photograph from the 2001 competition.", "\nThe Friends of the Australian National Botanic Gardens is a support group whose aim is to increase community awareness of the scientific, educational, recreational and conservation functions of the Gardens.", "\nProjects funded by the Friends in recent years include the purchase of palms, cycads and tree ferns for the Rainforest Gully, funding for the Rainforest Gully fogging system and the purchase of electric scooters for use by visitors. Fundraising efforts by the Friends include the popular annual Summer Concert Series, and other events and activities.\nFor more information: www.anbg.gov.au/friends/photoinfo.html\nWhat: Annual photographic competition for ACT High School and College students", "\nWhere: Dickson Room, Australian National Botanic Gardens\nWhen: Saturday 21 October, 12 noon Media contact: Kathryn Godman Australian National Botanic Gardens (02) 6250 9540 Updated 20 October, 2006\n, webmaster, ANBG (anbg-info@anbg.gov.au)"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.cwu.edu/two-students-share-mascot-duties-cwu?textonly=1

Two Students to Share Mascot Duties at CWU Wellington, Central Washington University's mascot, will have two enthusiastic students sharing school spirit duties this year

["", "\nFor 2013-14, Ashley Martin and Ben Freeman have been selected to don the uniform of Central's most beloved Wildcat.Scott Kazmi, vice president for Student Life and Facilities on the Associated Students of Central Washington University Board of Directors, made the hiring decision.\u201cI was looking for people with energy, who were outgoing and interested in meeting new people,\u201d said Kazmi", "\n\u201cI was looking for a passion to promote the school and school spirit.\u201dBeing a working Wellington is a part-time occupation, but requires a lot of flexibility on the students\u2019 part, said Kazmi. \u201cThey are pretty much on-call.\u201dBut the demands of the job are not to interfere with schoolwork\u2014Wellington must earn a 2.0 GPA to maintain mascot status.\u201cIt\u2019s a big job\u2014with big paws to fill,\u201d said Kazmi", "\n\u201cOur new Wellingtons have already started work this summer, at the freshman orientation sessions.\u201dFreeman, an Ellensburg resident, was excited about becoming the furry face of the Wildcats. An Ellensburg High School graduate, Freeman was born in Sweden and moved to the United States as a young child. He is a junior at CWU, in the engineering/physics dual degree program.\u201cI wanted to get more involved with school events,\u201d he said", "\n\u201cThis is a great way to have fun, and be energetic and enthusiastic about Central.\u201dMost people really like Wellington, he continued, though he noticed that really little kids tend to be a bit fearful\u2014\u201cSo I go a little easier around them so they won\u2019t be scared.\u201dFreeman has already donned the uniform for freshman orientation, an English as a Second Language program party, and marched in the Rodeo Parade.Ashley Martin, a senior in clinical psychology, is the other Wellington for CWU.\u201cI wanted a way to be involved and I figured it\u2019s my last year here at Central so I might as well have some fun!\u201d she said.A self-proclaimed \u201cmilitary brat,\u201d Martin has lived in many places, but calls Lacey her Washington hometown", "\nShe graduated from Timberline High School in 2010.Martin said that her favorite part of the job was greeting all the little kids. \u201cI really want to work with children after graduate school, and their faces and smiles always make the job worth it!\u201d\u201cI love being Wellington,\u201d she concluded. \u201cWellington is the essence of the love for Central and what it means to be a proud Wildcat.\u201d Media Contact: Valerie Chapman-Stockwell, CWU Public Affairs, 509-963-1518, valeriec@cwu.edu\tCWU News"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://catalog.utc.edu/preview_program.php?catoid=9&poid=1185&returnto=196

Psychology, M.S. Return to: Programs and Certificates (alpha order) Dr. Brian J. O’Leary, Head (423) 425-4283 or email at boleary@utc.edu Dr. Bart Weathington, Coordinator of the Industrial-Organizational Concentration (423) 425-4289 or email at Bart-Weat

["hington@utc.edu\nDr. Amye Warren, Coordinator of the Research Psychology Concentration\n(423) 425-4293 or email at Amye-Warren@utc.edu", "\nThe Department of Psychology at The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga offers a Master of Science degree in psychology with concentrations in the fields of Industrial-Organizational and Research psychology.", "\nThe goal of these programs is to develop in our students the critical thinking skills and discipline-specific knowledge necessary to their careers in applied areas. A full-time student in the Industrial-Organizational concentration will normally take four semesters of academic work, including a practicum in the summer between the first and second year, and may complete a thesis or take comprehensive exams", "\nA student in the research concentration will normally take four semesters of academic work and will complete a master\u2019s thesis.", "\nStudents in both programs are required to adhere to the American Psychological Association guidelines for ethical conduct, test utilization, and research procedures. Failure to adhere to appropriate ethical codes may result in disciplinary action, including dismissal from the program.", "\nApplicants who wish to be admitted to the degree program in psychology must meet all general requirements for admission to the UTC Graduate School. Additionally, departmental application materials and scores from the Graduate Record Examination (GRE-V, GRE-Q, & GRE-W) general test must be submitted. All forms are obtained from and must be submitted to the Graduate School office. Forms are available on the website .", "\nThe admission process occurs in two steps. First, the program coordinator reviews all application materials and provides acceptance recommendations to the Graduate School. Next, an official acceptance to the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga is made by the Dean of the Graduate School based on 1) the recommendation of the program coordinator, and 2) compliance with the minimum requirements of the Graduate School for undergraduate GPA and GRE scores.", "\nFor the Industrial-Organizational concentration, the recommendation for program admission is based on the following: 1) a formula score based on overall undergraduate GPA plus scores on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), 2) a statement of purpose, and 3) letters of reference. Considerable weight is given to the formula score.", "\nFor the Research concentration, admission recommendations are based on the formula score (including undergraduate GPA and GRE scores) and reference letters, as well as prior research experiences and the potential match between the applicant and a faculty mentor. Applicants should detail their research experiences and interests in their personal statements. Prior research experiences and research interests are given considerable weight in admission recommendations.", "\nStudents must submit a Program of Study during the first semester of graduate coursework. The Program of Study consist of all core courses and any electives and establishes the courses the student must take for partial fulfillment of the degree requirements. The Program of Study form must include all core courses and electives, if known at the time, the student will take. The Program of Study form is located at www.utc.edu/GraduateSchool/CurrentStudentForms.\nAdmission to Candidacy", "\nStudents will typically file for candidacy in the semester prior to their anticipated graduation and should list all courses not listed on the Program of Study and any changes in coursework. To be eligible for admission to candidacy, a student must have earned a minimum 3.0 GPA on all courses taken up to that point and a 3.0 institutional cumulative GPA in all graduate coursework to be eligible for degree conferral. The appropriate form may be obtained from the Graduate School Web site at", "\nStudents should consult with the appropriate program coordinator for specific information regarding other departmental requirements for admission to candidacy. General requirements are stated in \u201cAcademic Policies for Graduate Students \u201d under \u201c Admission to Candidacy\u201d.", "\nComprehensive examinations are required of all students in the Industrial-Organizational concentration who do not choose to complete a thesis. Please consult with the program coordinator for specific requirements. General requirements are stated in \u201cAcademic Policies for Graduate Students \u201d under \u201cComprehensive Examinations\u201d.\nCompletion of a master\u2019s thesis option is mandatory in the Research concentration and optional in the I-O concentration.\nPsychology: Industrial-Organizational\nPsychology: Research"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://robertstrongwoodward.com/Scrapbook/Tufts.html

Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.

["Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nDorothy Day Tufts\na remembrance by her son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nPlease click here for enlargements of the photographs in this essay\nWhen asked for biographical information concerning her friendship with Robert Strong Woodward, I found no easy or single source.", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\n\"D.D.T.\" as she signed her many paintings and portraits, was the daughter of a beautiful and talented woman, Grace Wanning Day, also an artist. She was born in 1898 in Shelton, Connecticut, was an accomplished horsewoman, and in 1919, attended Yale Art School for a short time.", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nShe survived her mother when a trolley rolled down an embankment in Guilford, Connecticut, in 1920 ... all other passengers were killed, including her mother sitting beside her. She sustained a badly dislocated hip, but healed sufficiently to become a good tennis player. In her forties she had a hip replacement, the second to receive this operation after Arthur Godfrey.\nPortrait of her son, Nathan, by Dorothy Day Tufts\nStill life by Dorothy Day Tufts", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nDuring the 20's and 30's she raised her two daughters, Grace and Mary, and her son, Nathan Jr., with her husband, Nathan Tufts, in Greenfield, Mass., where he was employed by the New England Box Co. Their large home at 500 Main Street became an artistic and social center in the town during two pre-war decades.. My recollection as a child was that she would retire to her studio each morning, and paint for 4 or 5 hours", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nShe did many portraits of her children and friends, and a few commissions for Portraits, Incorporated, in New York. She had exhibitions at the Talcott Library, Northfield School; Deerfield Art Association; Moyer Gallery, Hartford; and an unknown gallery in New Britain, Connecticut.", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nShe would go, often with her best friend and artist, Elizabeth Fuller of Deerfield, up to Vermont, set up her easel on some hillside, and paint the village below. On one such solo she felt a \"presence\" behind her. Turning, there was a full blooded Indian man, home from the Reservation, just watching her work! She told me she thought war could be ended in the world entirely if \"all military men were dressed in pajamas!\"", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nHer prolific artistic output slowed in her declining years, but the legacy hangs on, and beautifies the walls of scores of homes of family and friends.\nLandscape by Dorothy Day Tufts\nDorothy Day Tufts Exhibition\nHartford Courant, May 29, 1949", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nIt is recorded that Robert Strong Woodward worked in his Hiram Woodward studio on a commission to make a portrait. A notebook revealed that on January 24th,1932, he began \"a 25 x 30 portraiture of Mrs. Moore and her great grandson, Johnnie, working from a photograph.\" He worked on it day after day after day. His notes indicate that he was becoming progressively more discouraged. He was simply incapable of doing this form of art", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nFinally, on March 2, 1932, he wrote \"I just am unable to paint a portrait\" and destroyed the image. He then referred the client to another local artist. It is not definitely known who this artist was, but in reflection, I think it could well have been D. D. Tufts. Perhaps someday we will find a D. D. Tufts portrait of Mrs. Moore and her great grandson. This will prove that D. D. Tufts was the artist to whom Woodward referred Mrs. Moore for her portrait.", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nThe Tufts' Living Room, a chalk drawing by Robert Strong Woodward\nThe pond at the home of Dorothy Day Tufts was the site where Robert Strong Woodward made the chalk drawing Across The Pond.\nIn addition, her home in Greenfield was the setting for the Robert Strong Woodward still life The Tufts' Living Room.", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nFinally, Dorothy Day Tufts created many of the illustrations in the cookbook, The Road to Good Food. This cookbook had a cover illustration by Robert Strong Woodward. Click here to see samples of the Dorothy Day Tufts illustrations in the Road to Good Food.\nDorothy Tufts Paintings Are Shown Here\nLandscapes, Portraits, Still Lifes\nExhibition at Moyer Gallery", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nAn exhibition of oil paintings by Dorothy Day Tufts, of Greenfield, Mass is now on view through June 4 at the Moyer Gallery, 252 Trumbull Street (Hartford, Connecticut).", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nMrs. Tufts is showing landscapes, portraits and floral still lifes. Her work is most interesting in its more \"modern\" side. here, as noted in the exhibition catalog, she has taken \"an abstract approach to fundamental naturalism", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\n\"Redonesque designs, with a nice quality of drawing about them, and an attractive texture gained from dry, patchy handling of paint, give style, verve and good formalism to such pictures as \"Flowers And Fruit\" or \"Red Poppy.\" The same, calligraphic patterns and vibrant pigment also give quality, a lively vision and flair to such landscapes as \"Vroughton's Pond,\" \"Spring Storm\" and \"Fall Hillside,\" though in the latter two, Mrs", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\n\"Cornfield,\" which is being given \"top billing\" in the exhibition with a reproduction on the catalogue cover and a place of honor in the gallery window, is one of Mrs. Tuft's most ambitious undertakings, in area at least. However, I found it basically more conventional than her best work, and preferred \"Factory Hollow Ruin,\" a kind of tower effect, more interesting in its melancholic mood, its solid and compact composition and linear style.", "Dorothy Day Tufts: A Remembrance by her Son, Nathan Tufts, Jr.\nI was less taken with \"Still Life With Apple,\" \"Colrain River\" and \"Dorset, Vermont\" which seems a little flat, literally and figuratively, in comparision with the brusquer quasi-abstractions. Mrs. Tufts' portraits, too, struck me as a bit art-schoolish and academic, though they may be good enough likenesses. Among them, however, one, \"Maria Luisa,\" seems to show the same fresh lively merits of the best of the artist's still lifes and landscapes.\nT. H. P.\nThe Hartford Courant, May 29, 1949, page 11"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://sentence.yourdictionary.com/venereal

venereal, venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, std, infection

["venereal, venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, std, infection\nVenereal\nHow to use Venereal in a sentence\nLaser therapy, although more expensive, is often used for treating venereal warts that are more extensive.\nUnlike venereal syphilis, endemic syphilis is not sexually transmitted.\nSimilar to venereal syphilis, however, it begins with skin sores and has a latent period followed by a more severe stage, which includes bone infections and additional skin lesions.\nIt seems like he either shot himself or died of venereal disease.", "venereal, venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, std, infection\nHe sat on various royal commissions, including those on the Civil Service and Venereal Diseases, and from 1917 to 1919 was again chairman of the Independent Labour party.\nIt may be taken at first for almost any fever, particularly typhoid, or for venereal disease or lymphangitis.\nStrong sulphuric acid is occasionally used as a caustic to venereal sores, warts and malignant growths.\nThe theory that the King suffered from the venereal disease syphilis, was first put forward about a century after his death.", "venereal, venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, std, infection\nAimed at the public, this brochure describes bovine trichomoniasis, a venereal disease of cattle caused by the parasite Tritrichomonas fetus.", "venereal, venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, std, infection\nA law enacted in 1909 forbids a marriage in which either of the parties is a common drunkard, habitual criminal, epileptic, imbecile, feeble-minded person, idiot or insane person, a person who has been afflicted with hereditary insanity, a person who is afflicted with pulmonary tuberculosis in its advanced stages, or a person who is afflicted with any contagious venereal disease, unless the woman is at least forty-five years of age.", "venereal, venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, std, infection\nUnder Hollywood's production code at the time, movies could not include nudity, criminal activity, or offensive language, or depict illegal drug use, venereal disease, or childbirth.\nMen were accusing many women of trying to have sex with them who had venereal disease.\nOthers are receiving chemotherapy for transmissible venereal tumors, which are sexually transmitted.\nAn injection of the tincture into venereal warts is said to cause them to disappear.", "venereal, venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, std, infection\nA salaried doctor for the poor was appointed in 1805, midwifery and venereal cases being excluded from his duties.\nGenital warts, also called condyloma acuminata or venereal warts, are one of the most common forms of sexually transmitted disease (STD) in this country.\nSt. Bede\nSt. Bede (c. 672-735), known as the Venerable Bede, was an English monk, scholar, and theologian. His works were the crowning cultural achievement in England in the 8th century, \"the age of Bede.\"\nVladimir I", "venereal, venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, std, infection\nVladimir I (died 1015), also called Vladimir the Great and St. Vladimir, was grand prince of Kievan Russia from about 980 to 1015. His reign represents the culmination in the development of this first Russian state.\nWords near venereal in the Dictionary\nveneratest\nvenerateth\nvenerating\nveneration\nvenerative\nvenerator\nvenereal-disease\nvenerealee\nvenerean\nvenereological\nvenereologist"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/feb/04/japan-sumo-champion-asashoryu-retires

Japan's grand champion Asashoryu to quit sumo

["Japan's grand champion Asashoryu to quit sumo\nJapan's grand champion Asashoryu to quit sumo\nMongolian wrestler was facing ban after allegedly assaulting man outside Tokyo nightclub\nSumo grand champion Asashoryu is to retire from the sport. Photograph: Toru Hanai/Reuters\nJustin McCurry\nThu 4 Feb 2010 06.52 EST\nSumo grand champion Asashoryu today announced his retirement, weeks after he allegedly assaulted a man outside a nightclub in the latest scandal to hit the troubled sport.", "Japan's grand champion Asashoryu to quit sumo\nThe Mongolian wrestler, whose real name is Dolgorsuren Dagvadorj, made the announcement after meeting with officials from the sumo association, which had come under pressure to ban him from the sport he has dominated for most of the last decade.\nThe association's elders were due to decide how to punish Asashoryu before he took the decision out of their hands.\n\"I will retire,\" he told reporters. \"So many things have happened. I have caused a lot of trouble but I have no regrets about my sumo.\"", "Japan's grand champion Asashoryu to quit sumo\nThe alleged attack took place on 16 January in the middle of a major tournament which he went on to win.\nReports in the Japanese tabloids said the 150kg () wrestler, who had been drinking heavily until the early hours, left his victim with a broken nose, a split lip and heavy facial bruising.\nDuring an occasionally tearful appearance before the media, Asashoryu recalled the pride he felt when he defeated the then grand champion, Musashimaru, during his parents' first trip to Japan to see him compete.", "Japan's grand champion Asashoryu to quit sumo\n\"That was my best moment,\" he said. \"I've been under a lot of mental stress and right now I want to get some rest.\"\nThe head of the sumo association, Musashigawa, described Asashoryu's conduct as \"inexcusable\".\n\"He felt compelled to resign for misconduct that was inexcusable, and the board accepted,\" he said. \"I want to apologise to sumo fans and the injured person. We will work to ensure this kind of incident never happens again.\"", "Japan's grand champion Asashoryu to quit sumo\nDespite his ignominious exit, Asashoryu will go down as one of the greatest wrestlers in sumo's 2,000-year history. He has won 25 Emperor's Cups, second only to Taiho with 32, and Chiyonofuji with 31.\nAdmiration for his technique has been accompanied by criticism of his attitude since he attained the rank of grand champion in 2003, with conservative pundits accusing him of lacking the dignity befitting a grand champion.", "Japan's grand champion Asashoryu to quit sumo\nIn 2003 he pulled the topknot of another wrestler during a bout and continued to scuffle with his opponent in the communal bath. Four years later he became the first grand champion to be suspended after he was filmed playing in a charity football match in Ulan Bator, days after pulling out of a goodwill sumo tournament claiming he was injured.\nHis suspension triggered a nervous breakdown, from which he recovered by taking refuge at a luxury spa resort in Mongolia."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Copyright?expert=dateNormalized%3A2002*&f0=type%3A%22Conference+paper%22&f1=subject%3A%22240000+Physical+Sciences%22

240000 Physical Sciences | Conference paper Home About Swinburne Research Bank and copyright Swinburne Research Bank operates within all relevant copyright law. There are two ways the full version of a work can be made available through Swinburne Research

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/interviews/oral-history-interview-alfred-victor-frankenstein-12564

Research Collections > Oral History Interviews - F > Oral history interview with Alfred Victor Frankenstein Oral history interview with Alfred Victor Frankenstein, 1965 Nov. 9 Listen to MP3 sound excerpt from this interview Frankenstein, Alfred Victor , b

[". 1906 d. 1981 Art critic, Art historian\nActive in San Francisco, Calif.\nSize: Sound recording: 1 sound tape reel ; 5 in.\nTranscript: 18 p.", "\nCollection Summary: An interview of Alfred Victor Frankenstein conducted 1965 Nov. 9, by Mary McChesney, for the Archives of American Art's New Deal and the Arts Oral History Project.", "\nFrankenstein speaks of the WPA mural project and its value; problems with the project; Hans Hofmann's influence; the influence of surrealism; the Coit Tower murals and the controversy surrounding them; the easel painting project and its value; political problems with the Federal Art Project; the project's relevance to current problems; art in architecture; the Index of American Design. He recalls Beniamino Bufano.", "\nBiographical/Historical Note: Alfred Victor Frankenstein (1906-1981) was an art historian from San Francisco, Calif.\nConducted as part of the Archives of American Art's New Deal and the Arts project, which includes over 400 interviews of artists, administrators, historians, and others involved with the federal government's art programs and the activities of the Farm Security Administration in the 1930s and early 1940s.", "\nFunding for the digital preservation of this interview was provided by a grant from the Save America's Treasures Program of the National Park Service.\nHow to Use this Interview\nTranscript: microfilm reel 3949 available at Archives of American Art offices and through interlibrary loan.\nFor more information on using the Archives\u2019 resources, see the FAQ or Ask Us.\nReading Room Reproduction\nAlso in the Archives\nAlfred Victor Frankenstein papers, 1861-1980", "\nOral history interview with Alfred Victor Frankenstein, 1978-1979\nImage and Media Gallery items from other collections related to Frankenstein, Alfred Victor"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.ed.gov/news/media-advisories/canceled-us-education-secretary-duncan-visit-providence-ri?page=128

Media Advisories May 22, 2012 Senior Advisor on College Access to Participate on Panel Highlighting Challenges of College Access and Success Greg Darnieder, senior advisor on the College Access Initiative at the U.S. Department of Education, will particip

["ate on a panel discussing the challenges facing low-income and underrepresented students in pursuit of a college degree at 5:30 p.m. ET on Wednesday, May 23 in Boston, Mass. Tags: Media Advisories May 22, 2012 U.S", "\nEducation Officials to Join State and District Leaders across 41 States for a Two-Day Conference on Strengthening the Teaching Profession Editor's Note: The following advisory has been updated to include a webcast address for opening and closing sessions, and a Twitter hashtag: #LMConf12", "\nTags: Media Advisories May 22, 2012 White House Domestic Policy Council Director and Deputy Director Join Secretary Duncan to Announce Proposed Criteria for Race To The Top District-Level Competition White House Domestic Policy Council Director Cecilia Mu\u00f1oz and Deputy Director Mark Zuckerman will join U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan to announce proposed criteria for the Race to the Top District-level competition (RTTD), a nearly $400 million education reform program funded through the..", "\nTags: Media Advisories May 21, 2012 U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan to Make Announcement on Race to the Top at Education Stakeholder Forum Tuesday U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan will hold an Education Stakeholders Forum on Tuesday, May 22, beginning at noon ET, in the U.S. Department of Education LBJ Building's Barnard Auditorium in DC. During the event, Duncan will make a major announcement about Race to the Top. At 3 p.m. ET,... Tags: Media Advisories May 21, 2012 U.S", "\nEducation Secretary to Give Remarks at National Small Business Week's Procurement Awards Breakfast in Washington, D.C. U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan will participate in National Small Business Week's Procurement Awards Breakfast at the Mandarin Oriental Hotel in Washington, D.C. The breakfast, which takes place on Tuesday, May 22, will focus on government contracting and contracting opportunities for... Tags: Media Advisories May 18, 2012 U.S", "\nEducation Officials to Join State, District Leaders Across 41 States for Two-Day Conference on Strengthening Teaching Profession U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan will join several national education leaders to host state and district education leaders representing 41 states for the 2012 Labor Management Conference from Wednesday, May 23 to Thursday, May 24. Tags: Media Advisories May 18, 2012 Education Department to Host Healthy School Lunch Competition for High School Students The U.S", "\nDepartment of Education will host the national finals for six teams of high school culinary students who are competing in preparing healthy school lunches beginning at 2:30 p.m. on Monday, May 21, at the department\u2019s headquarters building. Finalists are students from Chicago, Denver,... Tags: Media Advisories May 18, 2012 U.S. Under Secretary of Education to Deliver Commencement Address at California State University, Fullerton U.S", "\nUnder Secretary of Education Martha Kanter will deliver the commencement address to an estimated 5,000 graduates during ceremonies at California State University, Fullerton, in Fullerton, Calif. The 2012 commencement ceremony will begin at 8 a.m. Sunday, May 20, on campus. Tags: Media Advisories May 18, 2012 Director of the Center for Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships Brenda Girton-Mitchell to give Keynote Address at George Washington University\u2019s Interfaith Baccalaureate Service The Rev", "\nBrenda Girton-Mitchell, director of the Education Department\u2019s Center for Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships, will deliver the keynote address at GWU\u2019s interfaith service as part of the commencement activities for the school\u2019s graduating class of 2012. She will address students..", "\nTags: Media Advisories May 18, 2012 Assistant Secretary Ochoa to Discuss Strengthening American Students' International Competencies Before Senate Committee Eduardo Ochoa, the assistant secretary for the Office of Postsecondary Education, will testify before the Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia subcommittee, part of the U.S. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, at 2:30... Tags: Media Advisories \u2039 previous"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/01/opinion/01sun1.html?_r=0

The Opinion Pages|The Nativists Are Restless The Opinion Pages | Editorial The Nativists Are Restless

["", "\nThe relentlessly harsh Republican campaign against immigrants has always hidden a streak of racialist extremism", "\nNow after several high-water years, the Republican tide has gone out, leaving exposed the nativism of fringe right-wingers clinging to what they hope will be a wedge issue.Last week at the National Press Club in Washington, a group seeking to speak for the future of the Republican Party declared that its November defeats in Congressional races stemmed not from having been too hard on foreigners, but too soft.The group, the American Cause, released a report arguing that anti-immigration absolutism was still the solution for the party\u2019s deep electoral woes, actual voting results notwithstanding", "\nRather than \u201cpander to pro-amnesty Hispanics and swing voters,\u201d as President Bush and Karl Rove once tried to do, the report\u2019s author, Marcus Epstein, urged Republicans to double down on their efforts to run on schemes to seal the border and drive immigrants out.This is nonsense, of course. For years Americans have rejected the cruelty of enforcement-only regimes and Latino-bashing, in opinion surveys and at the polls", "\nIn House and Senate races in 2008 and 2006, \u201canti- amnesty\u201d hard-liners consistently lost to candidates who proposed comprehensive reform solutions. The wedge did not work for single-issue xenophobes like Lou Barletta, the mayor of Hazleton, Pa., or the former Arizona Congressman J. D. Hayworth", "\nNor did it help any of the Republican presidential candidates trying to defeat the party\u2019s best-known voice of immigration moderation, John McCain, for the nomination.Americans want immigration solved, and they realize that mass deportations will not do that. When you add the unprecedented engagement of growing numbers of Latino voters in 2008, it becomes clear that the nativist path is the path to permanent political irrelevance. Unless you can find a way to get rid of all the Latinos.", "\nWhat was perhaps more notable than the report itself was the team that delivered it. It included Bay Buchanan, former adviser to Representative Tom Tancredo and sister of Pat, who founded the American Cause and wrote \u201cState of Emergency: The Third World Invasion and Conquest of America.\u201d She was joined by James Pinkerton, an essayist and Fox News contributor who, as an aide to the first President Bush, took credit for the racist Willie Horton ads run against Michael Dukakis.So far, so foul", "\nBut even more telling was the presence of Peter Brimelow, a former Forbes editor and founder of Vdare.com, an extremist anti-immigration Web site. It is named for Virginia Dare, the first white baby born in the English colonies, which tells you most of what you need to know. The site is worth a visit. There you can read Mr. Brimelow\u2019s and Mr. Buchanan\u2019s musings about racial dilution and the perils facing white people, and gems like this from Mr", "\nEpstein:\u201cDiversity can be good in moderation \u2014 if what is being brought in is desirable. Most Americans don\u2019t mind a little ethnic food, some Asian math whizzes, or a few Mariachi dancers \u2014 as long as these trends do not overwhelm the dominant culture.\u201dIt is easy to mock white-supremacist views as pathetic and to assume that nativism in the age of Obama is on the way out. The country has, of course, made considerable progress since the days of Know-Nothings and the Klan", "\nBut racism has a nasty habit of never going away, no matter how much we may want it to, and thus the perpetual need for vigilance.It is all around us. Much was made of the Republican mailing of the parody song \u201cBarack the Magic Negro,\u201d but the same notorious CD included \u201cThe Star Spanglish Banner,\u201d a puerile bit of Latino-baiting. It is easily found on YouTube", "\nGoogle the words \u201cBill O\u2019Reilly\u201d and \u201cwhite, Christian male power structure\u201d for another YouTube taste of the Fox News host assailing the immigration views of \u201cthe far left\u201d (including The Times) as racially traitorous.And it takes only a cursory look at a worsening economic climate and grim national mood to realize that history is always threatening to repeat itself", "\nLast week on Long Island, the authorities in Suffolk County unsealed new indictments against a group of teenage boys accused in a murderous attack against an Ecuadorean immigrant, Marcelo Lucero. Since that crime last year, many more victims have come forward with stories of assaults in or near the same town, Patchogue. The police in that suburb seem to have made a habit of ignoring a long and escalating trail of attacks against immigrant men, until the hatred rose up and spilled over one night, fatally.", "\nA version of this editorial appears in print on , on page WK8 of the New York edition with the headline: The Nativists Are Restless. Today's Paper|Subscribe"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.portlandoregon.gov/citycode/article/147824

City Code & Charter Online Code & Charter Title 20 Parks and Recreation Chapter 20.12 Prohibited Conduct - Note 20.12.010 Purpose of Establishing Prohibited Conduct. 20.12.020 Soliciting For or Conducting Business. 20.12.030 Unlawful Urination or Defecati

["on.\n20.12.040 Unlawful Acts Involving Alcohol, Controlled Substances or Prescription Drugs.\n20.12.050 Possession of Weapons.\n20.12.060 Prohibited Conduct Relating to Permits.", "\n20.12.070 Unlawful Use of Trees, Monuments, Vases, Fountains, Railings, Fences or Tables.\n20.12.080 Structures in Parks.\n20.12.090 Disposing of Rubbish.\n20.12.100 Vandalism; Protection of Park Property and Vegetation.\n20.12.110 Fires, Fireworks and Smoking Prohibited.\n20.12.140 Animals.\n20.12.150 Fishing and Bathing.\n20.12.160 Unlawful Use of River Frontage Along Park Property.\n20.12.170 Use of Certain Devices or Equipment.\n20.12.180 Remote Control Vehicles, Aircraft and Watercraft.", "\n20.12.190 Emergency Park Closure.\n20.12.200 Trespassing and Areas Closed to the Public.\n20.12.210 Hours of Park Closure.\n20.12.220 Condition of Parole or Probation or Judicial or Other Order.\n20.12.225 Exclusion From McCoy Park.\n20.12.230 Pioneer Courthouse Square.\n20.12.240 Rules and Regulations, Directions of Park Officers to be Obeyed.\n20.12.250 Park Officers not Affected.\n20.12.265 Park Exclusions.", "\nA. In addition to other remedies provided for violation of this Code, or of any of the laws of the State of Oregon, any Park Officer may exclude any person who violates any applicable provision of law in any Park from that Park in accordance with the provisions of this Section", "\nNon-supervisory Park employees, other than Park Rangers, and employees of Golf Course concessionaires shall issue exclusions only at the direction of or with the approval of a supervisor or of the manager of the Park in which the exclusion is to be issued. Nothing in this Section shall be construed to authorize the exclusion of any person lawfully exercising free speech rights or other rights protected by the state or federal constitutions", "\nHowever, a person engaged in such protected activity who commits acts that are not protected, but that violate applicable provisions of law, shall be subject to exclusion as provided by this Section.", "\nFor purposes of this Section, \"applicable provision of law\" includes any applicable provision of this Code, of any City ordinance, or of any rule or regulation promulgated by the Commissioner or the Council under this Title, any applicable criminal or traffic law of the State of Oregon, any law regarding controlled substances or alcoholic beverages, any applicable County ordinance or regulation, and any ordinance or regulation adopted by the Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation District of Oregon (Tri-Met) governing any Tri-Met facility in that Park", "\nFor purposes of this Section, \"applicable\" means relating to the person's conduct in the Park.", "\nC. An exclusion issued under the provisions of this Section shall be for thirty (30) days. If the person to be excluded has been excluded from any Park at any time within two years before the date of the present exclusion, the exclusion shall be for ninety (90) days. If the person to be excluded has been excluded from one or more Parks on two or more occasions within two years before the date of the present exclusion, the exclusion shall be for 180 days.", "\nD. Before issuing an exclusion under this Section, a Park Officer shall first give the person a warning and a reasonable opportunity to desist from the violation. An exclusion shall not be issued if the person promptly complies with the direction and desists from the violation. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Subsection, no warning shall be required if the person is to be excluded for engaging in conduct that:", "\n1. Is classified as a felony or as a misdemeanor under the following Chapters of the Oregon Revised Statutes, or is an attempt, solicitation or conspiracy to commit any such felony or misdemeanor defined in ORS:\na. Chapter 162 - Offenses Against the State and Public Justice;\nb. Chapter 163 - Offenses Against Persons;\nc. Chapter 164 - Offenses Against Property, except for ORS 164.805, Offensive Littering;\nd. Chapter 165 - Offenses Involving Fraud or Deception;", "\ne. Chapter 166 - Offenses Against Public Order; Firearms and Other Weapons; Racketeering;\nf. Chapter 167 - Offenses Against Public Health, Decency andAnimals;\ng. Chapter 475 - Controlled Substances; Illegal Drug Cleanup; Paraphernalia; Precursors; or\n2. Otherwise involves a controlled substance or alcoholic beverage; or\n3. Has resulted in injury to any person or damage to any property; or\n4. Constitutes a violation of any of the following provisions of this Code:\na. Section 14A.40.030 - Indecent Exposure;", "\nb. Section 14A.40.040 - Loitering to Solicit Prostitution;\nc. Section 14A.40.050 - Unlawful Prostitution Procurement Activities;\nd. Section 14A.60.010 - Possession of a Loaded Firearm in a Public Place;\ne. Section 14A.60.020 - Discharge of a Firearm;\nf. Section 14A.60.030 - Tear Gas and Stun Guns;\ng. Section 14A.60.040 - Explosives and Bottle Bombs;", "\nh. Section 20.12.030 \u2013 Unlawful Urination or Defecation, except if the conduct involves only urination on a permeable surface (such as grass, dirt, mulch or other plant materials) in a Park;\ni. Section 20.12.040 - Unlawful Acts Involving Alcohol, Controlled Substances or Prescription Drugs;\nj. Section 20.12.050 \u2013 Possession of Weapons;\nk. Section 20.12.170 C - Use of Skateboards; or\n5. Is conduct for which the person previously has been warned or excluded for committing in any Park.", "\nE. Written notice shall be given to any person excluded from any Park under this Section. The notice shall specify the date, length and place of the exclusion, shall identify the provision of law the person has violated and shall contain a brief description of the offending conduct. The notice shall inform the excluded person of the right to appeal, including the time limit and the place of delivering the appeal. It shall be signed by the issuing party", "\nWarnings of consequences for failure to comply shall be prominently displayed on the notice.", "\nF. A person receiving such notice of exclusion may appeal to the Code Hearings Officer in accordance with the provisions of Title 22 of this Code. The Code Hearings Officer shall uphold the exclusion if, upon the Code Hearings Officer's de novo review, the preponderance of evidence admissible under the provisions of Title 22 of this Code convinces the Code Hearings Officer that, more likely than not, the person in fact committed the violation, and if the exclusion is otherwise in accordance with law.", "\nG. At any time within the period of exclusion, a person receiving such notice of exclusion may apply in writing to the Commissioner for a waiver of some or all of the effects of the exclusion for good reason. If the Commissioner grants a waiver under this Subsection, the Commissioner shall promptly notify the Portland Police Bureau's Records Division and the Parks Director of such action", "\nIn exercising discretion under this Subsection, the Commissioner shall consider the seriousness of the violation for which the person has been excluded, the particular need of the person to be in the Park during some or all of the period of exclusion, such as for work or to attend or participate in a particular event (without regard to the content of any speech associated with that event), and any other criterion the Commissioner determines to be relevant to the determination of whether or not to grant a waiver", "\nNotwithstanding the granting of a waiver under this Subsection, the exclusion will be included for purposes of calculating the appropriate length of exclusions under 20.12.265 C. The decision of the Commissioner to grant or deny, in whole or in part, a waiver under this Subsection is committed to the sole discretion of the Commissioner, and is not subject to appeal or review.", "\nH. If an appeal of the exclusion is timely filed under Section 20.12.265 F., the effectiveness of the exclusion shall be stayed, pending the outcome of the appeal. If the exclusion is affirmed, the remaining period of exclusion shall be effective immediately upon the issuance of the Hearings Officer's decision, unless the Hearings Officer specifies a later effective date.", "\nI. If a person is issued a subsequent exclusion while a previous exclusion is stayed pending appeal (or pending judicial review, should a court stay the exclusion), the stayed exclusion shall be counted in determining the appropriate length of the subsequent exclusion under 20.12.265 C. If the predicate exclusion is set aside, the term of the subsequent exclusion shall be reduced, as if the predicate exclusion had not been issued", "\nIf multiple exclusions issued to a single person for a single Park are simultaneously stayed pending appeal, the effective periods of those which are affirmed shall run consecutively.", "\nJ. No person shall enter or remain in any park at any time during which there is in effect a notice of exclusion issued under this Section excluding that person from that park."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.bnl.gov/newsroom/news.php?a=25005

Historic Images Photo Permissions Lab History News Categories By Jane Koropsak Long Island at War: Camp Upton Artifacts on Display at Long Island Museum Items from Brookhaven Lab's Camp Upton collection include this sheet music from well-known American co

["mposer Irving Berlin and a bugle from the World War I era, part of the \"Long Island at War\" exhibit at the Long Island Museum in Stony Brook.", "\nWhen the Long Island Museum in Stony Brook decided to launch an exhibit on \u201cLong Island at War,\u201d it wasn\u2019t a surprise that contacting Brookhaven Lab would be on their \u201cto do\u201d list. After all the Lab site, originally Camp Upton during World War I and World War II, had an interesting and rich history long before it became Brookhaven National Laboratory where physicists could study peaceful uses of the atom and lead the Lab to become a world-class scientific institution", "\nBefore there were accelerators, light sources, nano centers, and biology and chemistry buildings, the site was home to barracks, officers\u2019 quarters, and training trenches. The Camp served as an induction and training camp during World War I, and later as an induction camp and military rehabilitation center for returning soldiers during World War II. Over the years, the Laboratory has received many military items relating to Camp Upton, donated by members of the community", "\nAccording to Tim Green, the Lab\u2019s Cultural Resource manager, the Lab now holds quite a collection of artifacts.", "\n\u201cItems in the collection range from military uniforms to bugles, diaries, canteens, and photos,\u201d said Green. \u201cWe even have the sheet music of \u2018Oh! How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning,\u2019 written by a young Irving Berlin while he was stationed at Camp Upton during World War I. Berlin also wrote \u2018God Bless America\u2019 while stationed at Camp Upton. This interesting and important part of American history is right here where we come to work every day.\u201d", "\nA makeshift bunk area on exhibit at the Long Island Museum in Stony Brook shows the standard items soldiers may have had in their barracks while stationed at Camp Upton.", "\nThe curator from the museum selected several items from the Brookhaven collection, including a wooden Camp Upton sign circa World War I, bayonet, military helmet from the Army\u2019s 77th Infantry Division (nicknamed the \u201cLiberty Division\u201d), mess kit, and gas mask, that all lie on an Army cot reminiscent of that time in our history. A stretcher is leaning against the wall and a wooden trunk bearing the name of a soldier is placed at the foot of the cot", "\nThe curator added uniform jackets that hang on hooks in the museum\u2019s makeshift bunk area helping to demonstrate the small amount of space that was shared by the soldiers in their barracks. A glass case proudly displays Irving Berlin\u2019s sheet music and a World War I-era bugle. These few, small artifacts actually tell a very big story \u2014 the story of how one Army camp on Long Island made notable contributions to our country\u2019s military history", "\nEven before Brookhaven Lab was on the horizon, the Upton site had already made an indelible mark on history. The Laboratory continues the tradition by making strides in scientific history that make our world a better place.", "\nThe exhibit will be at the museum through December 28, 2014. Also included in the Long Island at War exhibit are items from the Roosevelt estate and Grumman Aerospace Corporation.\nWant to read more about Camp Upton?\nFrom Glorious History Grows Glorious Science\nMore information on the Long Island Museum at Stony Brook.\nTags: history\nOther Features...\nQ&A with CFN User Don DiMarzio\nCongratulations, 2016 Spotlight Awardees!", "\nESOL Participants: Learning English, Understanding Customs, Enjoying the Cultural Diversity of the United States.\nDark Interactions Workshop Hosts Physicists from Around the World\nNSLS-II User Profiles: Sana Rani & Alicia Broderick", "\nBrookhaven National Laboratory is a multipurpose research institution funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. Located on Long Island, NY, Brookhaven operates large-scale facilities for studies in physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, applied science, and advanced technology. The Laboratory's almost 3,000 scientists, engineers, and support staff are joined each year by more than 5,000 visiting researchers from around the world", "\nOne of ten national laboratories overseen and primarily funded by the Office of Science of the"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7508&utm_source=iContact&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=nasajpl&utm_content=daily-20191004-3

Spitzer Spots a Starry Region Bursting With Bubbles NASA's Juno Prepares to Jump Jupiter's Shadow NASA's InSight 'Hears' Peculiar Sounds on Mars Clouds drift over the dome-covered seismometer, known as SEIS, belonging to NASA's InSight lander, on Mars. Cr

["edit: NASA/JPL-Caltech\nPut an ear to the ground on Mars and you'll be rewarded with a symphony of sounds. Granted, you'll need superhuman hearing, but NASA's InSight lander comes equipped with a very special \"ear.\"", "\nThe spacecraft's exquisitely sensitive seismometer, called the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS), can pick up vibrations as subtle as a breeze. The instrument was provided by the French space agency, Centre National d'\u00c9tudes Spatiales (CNES), and its partners.\nSEIS was designed to listen for marsquakes. Scientists want to study how the seismic waves of these quakes move through the planet's interior, revealing the deep inner structure of Mars for the first time.", "\nBut after the seismometer was set down by InSight's robotic arm, Mars seemed shy. It didn't produce its first rumbling until this past April, and this first quake turned out to be an odd duck. It had a surprisingly high-frequency seismic signal compared to what the science team has heard since then. Out of more than 100 events detected to date, about 21 are strongly considered to be quakes. The remainder could be quakes as well, but the science team hasn't ruled out other causes.", "\nPut on headphones to listen to two of the more representative quakes SEIS has detected. These occurred on May 22, 2019 (the 173rd Martian day, or sol, of the mission) and July 25, 2019 (Sol 235). Far below the human range of hearing, these sonifications from SEIS had to be speeded up and slightly processed to be audible through headphones. Both were recorded by the \"very broad band sensors\" on SEIS, which are more sensitive at lower frequencies than its short period sensors.", "\nThe Sol 173 quake is about a magnitude 3.7; the Sol 235 quake is about a magnitude 3.3.", "\nEach quake is a subtle rumble. The Sol 235 quake becomes particularly bass-heavy toward the end of the event. Both suggest that the Martian crust is like a mix of the Earth's crust and the Moon's. Cracks in Earth's crust seal over time as water fills them with new minerals. This enables sound waves to continue uninterrupted as they pass through old fractures", "\nDrier crusts like the Moon's remain fractured after impacts, scattering sound waves for tens of minutes rather than allowing them to travel in a straight line. Mars, with its cratered surface, is slightly more Moon-like, with seismic waves ringing for a minute or so, whereas quakes on Earth can come and go in seconds.", "\nMechanical Sounds and Wind Gusts\nSEIS has no trouble identifying quiet quakes, but its sensitive ear means scientists have lots of other noises to filter out. Over time, the team has learned to recognize the different sounds. And while some are trickier than others to spot, they all have made InSight's presence on Mars feel more real to those working with the spacecraft.", "\n\"It's been exciting, especially in the beginning, hearing the first vibrations from the lander,\" said Constantinos Charalambous, an InSight science team member at Imperial College London who works with the SP sensors. \"You're imagining what's really happening on Mars as InSight sits on the open landscape.\"", "\nCharalambous and Nobuaki Fuji of Institut de Physique du Globe de Parisprovided the audio samples for this story, including the one below, which is also best heard with headphones and captures the array of sounds they're hearing.\nOn March 6, 2019, a camera on InSight's robotic arm was scanning the surface in front of the lander. Each movement of the arm produces what to SEIS is a piercing noise.", "\nWind gusts can also create noise. The team is always on the hunt for quakes, but they've found the twilight hours are one of the best times to do so. During the day, sunlight warms the air and creates more wind interference than at night.", "\nEvening is also when peculiar sounds that the InSight team has nicknamed \"dinks and donks\" become more prevalent. The team knows they're coming from delicate parts within the seismometer expanding and contracting against one another and thinks heat loss may be the factor, similar to how a car engine \"ticks\" after it's turned off and begins cooling.", "\nYou can hear a number of these dinks and donks in this next set of sounds, recorded just after sundown on July 16, 2019 (Sol 226). Listen carefully and you can also pick out an eerie whistling that the team thinks may be caused by interference in the seismometer's electronics.\nWhat does it sound like to you? A hall full of grandfather clocks? A Martian jazz ensemble? Share your thoughts with us on Twitter.", "\nJPL manages InSight for NASA's Science Mission Directorate. InSight is part of NASA's Discovery Program, managed by the agency's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. Lockheed Martin Space in Denver built the InSight spacecraft, including its cruise stage and lander, and supports spacecraft operations for the mission.", "\nA number of European partners, including France's Centre National d'\u00c9tudes Spatiales (CNES) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR), are supporting the InSight mission. CNES provided the Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) instrument to NASA, with the principal investigator at IPGP (Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris)", "\nSignificant contributions for SEIS came from IPGP; the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) in Germany; the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich) in Switzerland; Imperial College London and Oxford University in the United Kingdom; and JPL. DLR provided the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP3) instrument, with significant contributions from the Space Research Center (CBK) of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Astronika in Poland", "\nSpain's Centro de Astrobiolog\u00eda (CAB) supplied the temperature and wind sensors.", "\nandrew.c.good@jpl.nasa.gov\nAlana Johnson\nalana.r.johnson@nasa.gov\nListen: A new episode of the award-winning \"On a Mission\" podcast tells the story of NASA's InSight lander since the spacecraft touched down on Mars on Nov. 26, 2018."]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://www.kronoskaf.com/syw/index.php?title=1756_-_British_expedition_against_Calcutta&oldid=11544

No title found

["No title found\n1756 - British expedition against Calcutta\nRevision as of 13:06, 16 April 2018 by RCouture (Talk | contribs)\nHierarchical Path: Seven Years War (Main Page) >> Campaigns >> 1756 - British expedition against Calcutta\nThe campaign lasted from October 1756 to February 1757", "No title found\nOn May 14 1756, the squadron of Vice-Admiral Charles Watson, commander-in-chief in the East Indies, which had previously conducted operations on the Malabar Coast, arrived off Fort St. David, near the town of Cuddalore, about 160 km south of Madras (present-day Chennai). He was accompanied by Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Clive who had been appointed governor of the fort. Watson had not been at Fort St. David long when he was informed that 6 large French East Indiamen, full of troops, were expected in India", "No title found\nUpon their arrival they were to be fitted as men-of-war.", "No title found\nOn July 15, the news of the fall of Cossimbazar (present-day Kasim Bazar) reached Madras. It was resolved at once to make arrangements for sending reinforcements to Calcutta (present-day Kolkata), for it was thought not unlikely that the nawab, flushed by his paltry victory at Cossimbazar might possibly attempt the reduction of Calcutta itself", "No title found\nVice-Admiral Watson was summoned to Madras where he learned that the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj Ud Daulah, had launched an expedition against Calcutta and already seized Cossimbazar. Almost at the same moment, Watson received orders from the Admiralty to return with his squadron to Great Britain. At that time, Watson's squadron consisted of the following vessels:", "No title found\nKent (70) under Captain Henry Speke, flagship of Vice-Admiral Charles Watson\nCumberland (66) under Captain John Harrison, flagship of Rear-Admiral George Pocock\nTiger (60) under Captain Thomas Latham\nSalisbury (50) under Captain William Martin\nBridgewater (24) under Captain Henry Smith\nKingfisher (14) under Commander Richard Toby", "No title found\nConsidering the general situation, Watson disregarded the orders received from the Admiralty and decided to remain in India. An expeditionary force of 230 \"chiefly Europeans\" was placed under the command of Major Kilpatrick of the East India Company.\nOn July 20, the force of Kilpatrick sailed from Madras in the troopship \"Delaware\" to the Hooghly River (present-day Hugli).", "No title found\nOn August 2, the force of Kilpatrick arrived at Fulta (present-day Falta), 40 km below Calcutta. Upon his arrival, Kilpatrick learned for the first time that Calcutta had been captured and partially destroyed. Though his force had been so considerably augmented by the refugees, he did not feel himself strong enough to attempt its recapture; and therefore determined to await instructions from Madras before taking further action", "No title found\nMeanwhile, the British authorities in Madras had been hesitating to send a larger relief force to Calcutta because they feared that war with France would broke soon.", "No title found\nOn August 5, the news of the loss of the Fort of Calcutta, the terrible story of the \"Black Hole\" tragedy, and the flight of the defenders, reached Madras. The Council was hastily summoned, and finally determined to dispatch all available ships and men \u2013 what was then considered an overwhelming force \u2013 to join Kilpatrick at Fulta and to recapture Calcutta.\nOn August 18, Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Clive was offered the command of the expedition.", "No title found\nThe punitive expedition, under the command of Clive, consisted of 250 men of the 39th Regiment of Foot under Captain Grant; 5 coys (570 men) of the Madras European Regiment under Captains Gaupp, Pye and Fraser; 80 European artillerymen of the Madras European Regiment; and 1,500 Sepoys.\nOn October 15, the 5 Company's ships transporting Clive's force sailed from Madras, escorted by 4 warships (Cumberland (66), Tiger (60), Salisbury (50), Bridgewater (24)) under Vice-Admiral Watson.", "No title found\nSometime after the departure of Watson for Bengal, two small British vessels arrived from Great Britain to join him: the Triton (24) under Captain Edmund Townley and the Blaze (10), a fireship. The latter could not make the Ganges and had to bear away for Bombay (present-day Mumbai).\nOn December 5, Watson\u2019s squadron arrived at the port of Balasore in Bengal.", "No title found\nOn December 15, in spite of great difficulties, Watson assembled at Fulta a force consisting of the Kent (70), Tiger (60), Bridgewater (24), Salisbury (50) and Kingfisher (14), with some ships belonging to the East India Company. At Fulta, Watson found Governor Blake and other fugitives from Calcutta and learned of the horrible fate of those Europeans who had been confined in the infamous Black Hole", "No title found\nWatson reinforced his command by the purchase of a craft, which he named the \"Thunder\", and fitted as a bomb under the command of Lieutenant Thomas Warwick.", "No title found\nOn December 20, after long delays, the fleet transporting Clive's force finally reached Fulta. However two ships, one transporting 2 coys of the Madras European Regiment (200 men) and another carrying most of the field artillery, were still lagging behind. At Fulta, Clive made his junction with the remains of Kilpatrick's force. The latter, which had originally numbered 230 men, now counted only 30 men fit for duty. It had lost more than 100 men to sickness", "No title found\nThen there was the remnant of the Bengal military force, which had been strengthened by a company of 70 volunteers, formed from among the civilians and respectable inhabitants who had escaped from Calcutta and the out-factories. In addition, several sailors, belonging to ships which had arrived and were unable to discharge their cargoes, had offered themselves for service, and joined the military on shore", "No title found\nCaptains Minchin and Grant were under arrest for having deserted their posts during the defence of Calcutta. Minchin was dismissed the service but Grant was pardoned.", "No title found\nOn December 22, various detachments (remnants of Kilpatrick's force, remnants of the Bengal military force, volunteers and sailors) were collected together in a camp pitched to the eastward of the town of Fulta. A few days afterwards, they were formed, under Major Kilpatrick's supervision, into one regiment, which was then called \"The Bengal European Battalion.\"", "No title found\nClive had been entrusted with despatches from the Madras Government for Nawab Siraj Ud Daulah. These, together with covering letters from Clive and Admiral Watson, \"which were full of threats,\" were forwarded unsealed to the care of Manakchand, the commanding officer left by Nawab Siraj Ud Daulah at Calcutta; but he declined to forward these dispatches; they being couched in terms which he feared would cause the nawab's resentment to rebound on himself.", "No title found\nManakchand had not lost sight of the importance of defending the approaches to his capital. He first turned his attention to repairing the walls of Fort William, partially destroyed when it had been captured by the nawab in the previous June. He had also repaired and strengthened the walls of the Fort of Tanna (unidentified location); and commenced a new fort as an outpost, which he called Alighur (unidentified location)", "No title found\nHe also caused two large ships, laden with bricks and other heavy materials, to be kept in readiness, so that they might be sunk in the channel of the river if the British ships should attempt it's ascent. But it was to the Fort of Budge Budge, on the left bank of the River Hugli, between the Fort of Tanna and the port of Fulta, that Manakchand had devoted his special attention", "No title found\nOutworks were constructed commanding the approaches, the defences strengthened, and it was garrisoned by some of Manakchand's best troops. Obviously Budge Budge would be the first point of Clive's attack; and, indeed, on its capture depended the primary success of his expedition.", "No title found\nOn December 27, the fleet sailed up the Hugli River.", "No title found\nOn December 28, the fleet anchored at Mayapore (unidentified location), 3 km below Fort Budge Budge. Clive and Vice-Admiral Watson did not agree on the plan of attack. Watson's plan prevailed. The 39th Regiment of Foot would act as marines on board the ships of war while the \"Bengal European Battalion\", the 3 coys of the \"Madras European Regiment\" and the 1,500 Madras Sepoys, together with the European artillery and 2 field-pieces with ammunition; would form the army for service on land", "No title found\nThis army was disembarked at Mayapore in the evening. The same day, anticipating an immediate attack on Fort Budge Budge, Manakchand assembled his troops, about 2,000 men, and marched to its support, occupying on arrival the very ground where the British army had intended to lie in ambush", "No title found\nManakchand, who had dispatched scouts to watch and report on the movements of the British, had received information of their landing at Mayapore; and, hour by hour, these scouts, hovering round advancing British troops, brought him information of their movements.", "No title found\nDuring the night of December 28 to 29, Kilpatrick, in immediate command, although Clive accompanied the land force, found his difficulties commence as soon as he had landed his troops. He had hoped to procure cattle to drag his guns and ammunition, but the villagers, warned by Manakchand's scouts, and fearing the resentment of the nawab, had driven off their cattle into the jungle", "No title found\nThen Kilpatrick found himself surrounded by swamps and water-courses, whilst there was no road, and the guides pressed into his service soon proved their inability or unwillingness to assist him", "No title found\nThe first difficulty was overcome by the soldiers volunteering to drag the guns, the second by trusting to the sagacity of the leaders; and thus the British force commenced its march; and Admiral Watson moved his ships further up the river, taking up his position during the night in close proximity to Fort Budge Budge", "No title found\nThe country between Mayapore and Budge Budge was found to be a vast swamp, intersected by numerous ravines; and hardships and fatigues of the march are described as having been \"very great.\" The guides in whom reliance had been placed purposely led the troops astray; and it was not until after 16 hours' hard marching that they halted on the Calcutta road, 2.5 km to north-east of Fort Budge Budge. Surprisingly, the camp was left unguarded", "No title found\nFrom the position which the British troops occupied, the ships could be seen at anchor; but the fort was hidden from their view by clusters of trees. Near the road was a deserted village, on the western side of which there was a hollow, formed by a large pond or lake, now dry. Into this hollow the main force, including the Bengal European Battalion, descended; the 2 guns having been placed on the north side of the deserted village", "No title found\nA detachment of 200 Sepoys was now sent from this position to reconnoitre in the direction of the fort and to open communication with the ships. The reconnoitring party was followed by Captain Pye at the head of the grenadier company and the rest of the Sepoys, with orders to possess himself of the suburbs of the town, and send an immediate report when he had effected it; but not attempt anything further", "No title found\nCaptain Pye, finding the suburbs abandoned, marched down the riverside and put himself under the orders of Captain Eyre Coote, who was landed with the king's troops. They had just struck a flag on one of the advanced batteries. When Manakchand heard of Clive's dispositions, he decided to attack his camp at nightfall.", "No title found\nMenawhile, on December 29, Vice-Admiral Watson ordered the Kent (70) to sail up to Fort Budge Budge and to silence its guns. The ship poured shot and shell from his big guns on Fort Budge Budge. At noon, she had succeeded in silencing the enemy's cannonade and had effected a considerable breach. The 39th Foot, serving as marines aboard Watson's squadron, now marched down to the advanced battery near the river, which the enemy had abandoned in the morning", "No title found\nThe 39th Foot then drew up in front of the fort, under cover of a high bank. At sunset 250 sailors, with two 9-pdrs, were landed from the Kent (70), these guns being mounted on the enemy's advanced battery; but this was not accomplished without loss, for, during the operation, some of the 39th Foot were wounded. The troops being now utterly exhausted a bivouac was ordered; sentries being planted and every precaution taken to guard against surprise.", "No title found\nDuring the night of December 29 to 30, Manakchand's force launched a surprise attack on Clive's camp while all his troops were asleep. The British artillerymen deserted their guns and took shelter among the infantry. The 2 guns were captured without a blow, and, indeed, might have been turned against the camp, had their captors understood how to bring them into action; neglecting to spike the guns, and having no draft cattle, Manakchand's soldiers did not attempt to remove them", "No title found\nThe surprised infantrymen managed to recover their arms. Clive ordered his men to stand their ground and detached two platoons (one from the centre, one from the left) to make a counter-attack, driving the enemy back towards the village. Clive's force was now recovering from the surprise. A company of the Bengal European Battalion recaptured the 2 guns and soon the artillerymen returned to their guns, rapidly loading with grape and opening on the retreating enemy", "No title found\nMeanwhile infantry was formed into a line of battle. At this moment, Indian cavalry were observed advancing in great force, headed by Manakchand on his elephant. Clive ordered for a general advance. Manakchand first halted and then ordered his force to retreat. The skirmish had lasted but 30 minutes; the British loosing 1 officer and 9 privates killed and 8 wounded; the Indians 200 killed or wounded.", "No title found\nOn December 30 at 7:00 a.m., orders were issued to the troops besieging Fort Budge Budge for the storming of the gateway, under cover of the two 9-pdrs which had been landed from the Kent (70) on the previous evening. The storming party consisted of the detachment of the 39th Foot, the grenadier company of the Bengal European Battalion, 100 seamen, and 200 Sepoys", "No title found\nAt 8:00 a.m., just before the troops moved forward to attack, a sailor named Strahan, who with a few of his comrades had been drinking freely in anticipation of hard work, conceived the idea of seeing what was going on inside the fort. Clambering through the breach Strahan found the walls deserted, and, shouting to his companions, proclaimed with cheers that he had captured the fort", "No title found\nHis companions quickly followed, but soon found themselves hotly engaged with the enemy's rearguard, who were smoking over the fire before joining their comrades, who, having received the news of the defeat and flight of Manakchand's army, had evacuated the fort during the night. More British sailors soon followed, and after a short skirmish it was proved that the drunken sailor, Strahan, was right when he proclaimed that he had taken the fort", "No title found\nBut this capture was not accomplished without a sad loss; Captain Dugald Campbell of the Bengal European Battalion being unfortunately killed by accident as he was posting sentries over a captured magazine. In the fort, 22 pieces of cannon and 33 barrels of gunpowder were found. After disabling the guns, the batteries were demolished and the buildings inside the fort destroyed", "No title found\nOn the evening, the troops re-embarked, the Sepoys taking the route along the banks of the river, and the artillery following in boats. The fleet advanced upstream to Alighur.", "No title found\nOn December 31, Manakchand halted a few hours at Calcutta with his army. Leaving 500 men only to guard Fort William, he then marched with all haste to join the nawab at Murshidabad, and inform him of their disasters. Meanwhile, at 10:00 a.m., the British fleet sighted Fort Tanna where the Kingfisher (14) which had arrived on the previous day, was anchored", "No title found\nIt was proved afterwards that the enemy at Tanna were so surprised at the sudden appearance of the Kingfisher (14) just as they were preparing to sink their laden vessels in the channel of the river, that they desisted, and the vessels were found lying snugly under the guns of Fort Tanna. As the British fleet approached random shots were fired by the enemy, but at 2:00 p.m., their guns were silenced.", "No title found\nOn January 1 1757, when the British ships entered the channel between Fort Tanna and the battery opposite to it, the enemy abandoned both. The Salisbury (50) was left there to bring off the guns from the works, and to demolish the defences, and at night Vice-Admiral Watson manned and armed the boats of his squadron and sent them a few miles up the river, where they boarded and burnt some fireships, which had been collected there.", "No title found\nOn January 2 at 5:00 a.m., Colonel Clive, with the Bengal European Battalion, 3 coys of the Madras European Regiment and 2 field-pieces landed at Alighur, made a junction with his Sepoys and began the march towards Calcutta. While Clive's column advanced on Calcutta, 4 vessels of Vice-Admiral Watson's squadron (Kent (70), Tiger (60), Bridgewater (24), and Kingfisher (14)) proceeded to engage the enemy at Fort William", "No title found\nAt 9:40 a.m., the enemy opened upon the Tiger (60) from their batteries below Calcutta but abandoned them as the ships drew near. At 10:20 a.m., the Tiger (60) and Kent (70) began a hot cannonade of Fort William and after two hours drove the defenders out of it. In this action the British lost only 9 seamen and 3 soldiers killed, and 26 seamen and 5 soldiers wounded. The troops of the nawab also abandoned the town of Calcutta", "No title found\nA detachment of the 39th Regiment of Foot, under Captain Coote, immediately occupied Fort William. The British expeditionary force rapidly became master of Calcutta, capturing 4 mortars, 91 guns and a large quantity of ammunition.", "No title found\nN.B.: Captain Eyre Coote was with the 2 additional companies of the 39th Regiment of Foot who had arrived in India from England in November 1756.\nAfter the recapture of Calcutta, Clive reinstated and formed into levies some of the old Bengal Sepoys who had fled from the settlement when it was captured by Siraj Ud Daulah. These new levies were now officered from the Bengal European Battalion.", "No title found\nOn January 10, informed that a portion of the treasure which Siraj Ud Daulah had captured at Calcutta had been conveyed to the town and fort of Hugli (now part of Hugli-Chuchura), 48 km above Calcutta, Vice-Admiral Watson detached an expedition to seize the town. The naval part of this detachment was under Captain Richard King with a 20-guns frigate and 3 smaller vessels while the troops, under Coote, consisted of 150 men of the 39th Regiment of Foot and 200 Sepoys.", "No title found\nOn January 12, the British combined force took the town of Hugli by storm with trifling loss. They burnt store-houses of salt used by the army of the Nawab of Bengal. Another expedition, under Captain Speke, burnt the enemy's granaries at Gongee (unidentified location) and, assisted by the troops, defeated a body of Indians which had attacked them.\nOn January 19, King's detachment returned to Calcutta.", "No title found\nWhen news arrived of the outbreak of war between France and Great Britain, the East India Company, fearing an alliance between Nawab Siraj Ud Daulah and the French, tried to come to terms with the nawab. However, the attempt failed. The nawab assembled an army of 40,000 men and moved upon Calcutta. At about this time the Company's transport \"Marlborough\" arrived at Calcutta with the 2 remaining coys of the Madras European Regiment and some field artillery.", "No title found\nOn January 30, the nawab crossed the Hugli River at Fort Hugli. He also obtained tribute from the Dutch settlement at Chinsurah (present-day Hugli-Chuchura) and French settlement at Chandernagore (present-day Chandannagar).\nOn February 2, the nawab's vanguard came into sight of Calcutta. Clive had already taken up a position at the northern end of the town to bar the way to the city.", "No title found\nOn February 3, the entire army of the nawab (18,000 horse, 15,000 foot and 40 guns) was encamped along the eastern side of Calcutta, beside the entrenchment known as the \"Maratha Ditch\". Clive made a last fruitless attempt at negotiation. He then immediately asked Admiral Watson for a detachment of sailors. Accordingly, Watson sent Captain Warwick with a party of sailors.", "No title found\nOn February 4, Clive attacked the nawab's camp with about 2,100 men and guns. The Combat of Calcutta ended with the British force retiring to its camp after losing some 100 Europeans and 50 Sepoys killed and wounded.", "No title found\nDespite this marginal victory, the nawab was hard pressed to face an invasion from Afghanistan. Therefore, on February 9, a treaty was concluded between the British and the nawab", "No title found\nThe parties agreed to restore the Company's factories, giving permission to the British to fortify Calcutta as they might choose, to coin gold and silver at their own mint, and hold their merchandise exempt from duty; the 38 villages granted to the British by the embassy in 1717 to be restored; and in general all previous privileges, imperial and vice-regal, to be confirmed.", "No title found\nOn February 11, the nawab commenced his return march to his capital Murshidabad. He sent Amichand to Colonel Clive with a further treaty of alliance, offensive and defensive, against all enemies. Clive then proposed to attack the French at Chandernagore (present-day Chandannagar) where they had a force of 300 Europeans and a train of artillery", "No title found\nHowever, the nawab positively forbade such an initiative, asking that 20 British gunners might be permitted to serve in his artillery and further that a British resident might be appointed to his court.", "No title found\nBoth these requests were readily acceded to, the gunners being sent and Mr. Watts appointed resident at Murshidabad. The nawab now continued his march to his capital.\nThis article incorporates texts from the following books which are now in the public domain:\nAnonymous: A Complete History of the Present War, from its Commencement in 1756, to the End of the Campaign, 1760, London, 1761, pp. 181-184", "No title found\nAn anonymous staff officer: Historical Record of the Honourable East India Company's First Madras Regiment, London: Smith, Elder and Co; 1843, pp. X-xvi, 121-125\nClowes, Wm. Laird: The Royal Navy \u2013 A History from the Earliest Time to the Present, Vol. III, Sampson Low, Marston and Company, London: 1898, pp. 161-163\nFortescue, J. W.: A History of the British Army, Vol. II, MacMillan, London: 1899, pp. 411-414", "No title found\nInnes, P. R.: The History of the Bengal European Regiment, now the Royal Munster Fusiliers and how it helped to win India, 2nd ed., London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., 1885, pp. 13-37\nOther sources:\nKershner, Tod: Major Battles in India 1756-1763, Seven Years War Association Journal Vol. VI No. 2\nRetrieved from \"http://kronoskaf.com/syw/index.php?title=1756_-_British_expedition_against_Calcutta&oldid=11544\""]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

http://monet.skku.edu/?p=8606

BS Electronic Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 2002 MS Electronic Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 2004 Ph.D. Electronic Engineering, Kyungpook National Univeristy, 2008 2004.08 ~ 2007.02 Part-time Lecturer, Gyeongju University 2008.

["08 ~ 2009.12 Senior Research Engineer, Digital Printing Division, Samsung Electronics\n2010.01 ~ 2012.05 Research Professor, Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University\n2012.07 ~ 2015.02 Research Professor, Sungkyunkwan University", "\nColor Imaging, Image Processing, Signal Processing, Computer Vision\nChang-Hwan Son, Inverse halftoning based on the sparse representation, Optics Letters [IF 3.339], Vol. 37, No. 12, June 15, 2012. [Download the source code & testing images]"]

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RedPajama-Data-V2

https://anfenglishmobile.com/news/republicans-remember-introduction-of-internment-without-trial-28777

ANF | Republicans remember introduction of Internment without trial

["ANF | Republicans remember introduction of Internment without trial\nRepublicans remember introduction of Internment without trial\nThe anniversary also marked the edition number 30 of one of the biggest and richest community festival.\nMonday, 6 Aug 2018, 15:15\nInternment without trial was introduced in the North of Ireland in the early hours of August 9th 1971 by 'Northern Ireland' prime minister Brian Faulkner.", "ANF | Republicans remember introduction of Internment without trial\nAt dawn that day, 1,800 British soldiers, backed by the RUC (Royal Ulster Constabulary, as the police in the North was then called), raided homes across the North, arresting nationalists and republicans. It was designed to combat the rising number of IRA attacks across the North of Ireland.\n342 men were arrested on the first day of internment, which was code named 'Operation Demetrius,' by the British army.", "ANF | Republicans remember introduction of Internment without trial\nEvery August Irish republicans organise a rally to remember the introduction of Internment without trial, but since 1988 West Belfast republicans decided to turn the march into a full week of events. Thus the West Belfast Festival was born, the Feile as it is known.\nThe program of the festival has become richer and richer over the years and attracted many artists and personalities.\nThis year will be no exception and indeed it would be a kind of special festival as it would be edition number 30.", "ANF | Republicans remember introduction of Internment without trial\nThe traditional anti-internment rally will take place on Sunday 12 August in West Belfast.\nBritish troops had been sent to the North of Ireland on 14 August 1969, allegedly to defend the \u2018catholic\u2019 and nationalist communities that have suffered heavy violence and repression on the hand of the unionist (\u2018protestant\u2019) community which was in power.\nIt soon was clear to nationalists and republicans that indeed the British occupying troops would really side with unionists, and indeed this is what happened.", "ANF | Republicans remember introduction of Internment without trial\nThe British government actually hardened its stance in the North and in 1971 introduced Internment without trial.\nThe RUC were acting on out of date information at the time and, as a result, many of those arrested had little or no connection to the IRA.", "ANF | Republicans remember introduction of Internment without trial\nThe first internees were taken to the Crumlin Road prison and the Maidstone, a prison ship moored in Belfast Lough. As the numbers rose the authorities hastily converted a former RAF base at Long Kesh into a prison and the internees were transferred there. It was later to become the main prison in the North and a focal point of the Troubles.", "ANF | Republicans remember introduction of Internment without trial\nThousands were interned throughout the five-year period but only 104 loyalists were among them, despite the fact that the first bombs were exploded by the UVF and they were also responsible for the first deaths.\n29 more people die of coronavirus in Turkey\nHDP to international opinion: Speak out against authoritarianism\nKCDK-E co-chairs to EU Foreign Ministers: Don't remain silent\nKCK message for Eid calls for unity"]

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