C018/Y01705.json

[
{"content": "To an excellent new tune.\nGood, your Worship, cast an eye\nUpon a soldier's misery;\nLet not these lean cheeks, I pray,\nYour Worship's bounty from me stay;\nBut like a noble friend,\nSome silver lend;\nAnd Jove shall pay you in the end,\nAnd I will pray that Fate,\nMay make you fortunate,\nIn Heaven, or in some earthly state.\nTo beg, I never was bred, kind sir,\nWhich makes me blush to keep this stir;\nNor do I rove from place to place,\nFor I am none of those\nThat a roving goes,\nAnd in rambling show their drunken blows;\nFor all that they have got,\nIs by banging of the pot,\nIn wrangling who should pay their shot.\nI have often seen Olympic games,\nAnd in brave battles have I been;\nThe cannons there aloud did roar,\nMy proffer high was evermore:\nFor, out of a bravado,\nWhen in a barricado,\nBy tossing of a hand-granado,\nDeath then was very near,\nWhen it took away this ear;\nBut yet, thank God, I'm here, I'm here.\nAnd at the siege of Buda there,\nI was blown up into the air.\nFrom whence I tumbled down again, and lay among the slain; yet rather than be beaten, I got upon my feet, and made the enemy retreat. My self and seven more we fought eleven score; the rogues were never so trashed before. I have, at least, a dozen times, been blown up by these roguish mines, twice through the skull have I been shot, that my brains do boil like any pot: such dangers have I faced, at first and last, as would make your worship sore aghast. And there I lay for dead till the enemy had fled, and then they carried me home to bed. At the push of a pike I lost this eye, and at Birgam siege I broke this thigh; at Ostend, like a warlike lad, I laid about as if I were mad; but little would you think, that ever I had been such a good old soldier of the queen. But if Sir Francis Vere were living now and here, he would tell you how I slashed them there. The Hollanders know my fury, for often with them I've dealt a blow. Then did I take a warlike dance, quite through Spain, and into France.\nAnd there I spent a flood of noble blood,\nYet all it did was little good;\nNow I am home again, with rags on my bum,\nAnd I implore you, grant me a small sum.\nNow you understand my case,\nLend me your helping hand;\nA little thing would please me,\nTo keep in mind your charity:\nIt is not bread and cheese,\nNor barley lees, or any such scraps as these;\nBut what I beg of you,\nIs a shilling one or two,\nKind sir, undo your purse-string.\nHave I spent all my days in bloody wars,\nSlashed, carbonado'd, and cut out in scars,\nHave I danced on ice, marched through the dirt\nWithout either hat, hose, shoe, or shirt?\nAnd must I now beg, bow, troop, trudge and trot,\nTo every pagan and poor peasant sot?\nNo, by this hand and sword, not I,\nThat man's not fit to live who fears to die:\nI'll purse it then, the highway is my hope;\nHis heart's not big, that fears a little rope,\n\u2014 Stand, and deliver, sir\u2014\nHere, boy, take my horse, walk him if you're able.\nLead him a turn or two, and put him in the stable. As for you, Mrs. Minks, don't jeer at me. Tonight, for supper, let me have good cheer; My pheasant, my fowls, and choice of other birds, I'll not be fed with apple pie, cheese, and curds. As for your swine's flesh, I'll eat none, Unless it be a roast pig, and then I may pick a bone. The rest, my boy, shall transport into his snapsack, and so we are prepared for the next rendezvous. FINIS.", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1705, "creation_year_latest": 1705, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase1"},
{"content": "FOR raising the annual sum of 520,000l, and not touch the prime cost of wrought goods above one farthing in the shilling, nor be at any more charge than two pence in the pound collecting.\n\nIn order to raise this sum, I humbly propose that every master weaver or undertaker for merchants in this kingdom do pay one shilling per week for every loom employed by him. It is allowed by the Weaver's Company in London that there are one hundred thousand working looms within the weekly bills; and consequently, all the counties of England will produce one hundred thousand more.\n\nThe 200,000 working looms\nAt 52 shillings per year each loom,\nWill produce yearly 520,000l.\n\nThat this sum does not touch the prime cost of goods above one farthing in the shilling is evident, because every loom doth bring off as much work in a week as sells for 48 shillings.\n\nThis sum is most humbly offered to the consideration of the Honorable House of Commons.\nBy Samuel Myhill, weaver, at the Sun in Spittle-Fields-Market, who is ready (if needed) to show a short and easy way of collecting the same at two pence per pound charge, with prevention of frauds and not troublesome to the trader.", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1705, "creation_year_latest": 1705, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase1"},
{"content": "Hymns Composed for the Celebration of the Holy Ordinance of Baptism. By Joseph Stennett. Luke 15:10.\u2014I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God, over one sinner that repents.\n\nHymns Composed for the Celebration of the Holy Ordinance of Baptism. By Joseph Stennett. Luke 15:10.\u2014I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God, over one sinner that repents. London, Printed by I. Darby, and sold by I. Baker at Mercers-Chapel in Cheapside, and I. Clark at the Bible and Crown in the Old Change. 1712. Price 2d.\n\nHymns in Commemoration of the Sufferings of our Blessed Saviour Jesus Christ, Composed for the Celebration of his Holy Supper. The third Edition enlarged. A Version of Solomon's Song of Songs, fit to be bound with these Hymns. Advice to the Young, or the Reasonableness and Advantages of an Early Conversion, in 3 Sermons on Ecclesiastes 12:1.\nA Thanksgiving Sermon for the late Glorious Victory obtained over the French and Bavarians at Blenheim near Hochstet. A Thanksgiving Sermon, preached June 26, 1706, on occasion of the Battel of Ramillies, and raising the Siege of Barcelona. A Thanksgiving Sermon, preached May 1, 1707, for the Happy Union of England and Scotland. An Answer to Mr. Russen's Book, entitled, Fundamentals without a Foundation, or a true Picture of the Anabaptists, &c.\n\nOur Lord, when clothed with mortal Flesh,\nThough free from every sinful stain, 1 Tim. 3. 16,\nWoud'st be Baptiz'd, Heb. 7. 26.\nNay more\u2014He was all plung'd in Tears, Heb. 5. 7.\nAnd bath'd in bloody Sufferings too:\nWhat Fountain was requir'd to wash\nOur guilty Souls, Heb. 9. 22. his Wounds will shew!\nThy Blood, Ioh. 1. 7. dear LORD, can cleanse from a Sin,\nThis in our Baptism we confess;\n'Tis for its cleansing Virtue we Psal. 31. 2.\nOur Prayers and Vows to thee address.\nBuried with great Solemnity Rom. 6. 3, 4, 5.\nIn your Baptismal Sepulcher, we are revived and raised again,\nTo wear White Robes of Righteousness. (Revelation 19.8)\nAnd, as your Sacred Word declares,\nAt the Great Resurrection-Day our bodies shall be raised and changed, (Philippians 3.21)\nAnd be adorned with bright array. (Revelation 7.9)\n\nThe sacred Body of our Lord,\nWhich on the Cross had bled, (Matthew 20.19)\nThree days lay buried in the grave, (Matthew 12.40)\nAnd then rose from the dead.\nHis presence the desponding hearts\nOf his disciples cheers; (Luke 24.31)\nHis voice they hear, (John 20.20-28) his scars survey,\nWhich banish doubts and fears.\nExplaining divine Oracles,\nTheir ears and souls he charms; (Luke 24.32)\nHis order to convert the world,\nTheir drooping courage warms.\nFor thus the Mediator spoke, (Matthew 28.18)\n\"All power in Earth and Heaven\n\"To Me, triumphant o'er the grave,\n\"Is by my Father given.\n\"Go therefore and teach all nations,\n\"What you have learned of Me; (Matthew 15.15, 16)\n\"Baptize them in the awful Name\n\"Of the Eternal Three.\n\"Teach them whatever I command.\" (Matthew 28.20)\nMy presence I assure, to crown your labors with success,\nWhile Heaven and Earth endure.\nLORD! we thy wondrous grace adore,\nThy awful Word revere;\nThy Death and thy revival both (Col. 2. 12),\nOur Baptism makes appear.\nRom. 6. 3, 4.\nThe promise of thy presence now (Matt. 18. 20)\nDoes glad expectation raise;\nIoh. 14. 18.\nHope of thy second coming fills\nOur souls with joy and praise:\nLuke 21. 28\n'Tis then the dead thy voice shall hear,\nJohn 5. 25.\nThe dead thy voice obey;\nDan. 12. 2, 3.\nAwake, thy saints who sleep in dust,\nTo joy's eternal day.\n1 Thess. 4. 14, 15, 16.\nCome lowly souls that mourn,\nDepressed with guilt and shame;\nWash'd in your Saviour's sacred blood,\nNow call upon his name.\nActs 22. 16.\nRejoice, you contrite hearts,\nThat tremble at his word,\nIn the Baptismal Laver plung'd,\nAs was your humble Lord.\nMatt. 3. 13, 14.\nBath'd in repenting tears,\nThe sins which you deplore\nDead in your Saviour's grave shall lie,\n1 Cor. 15. 55, 56, 57.\nAnd shall not be seen any more. Galatians 5:24.\nCome, pious candidates,\nOf grace and glory too, Revelation 19:8.\nPraise your Redeemer's love, Chorus 3:4, and tell\nWhat he has done for you. Psalm 66:16.\nUnspotted robes you wear, Ephesians 5:26, 27.\nYour sighs are turned to songs;\nGarments of praise adorn you now, Isaiah 61:2, 3.\nWho once in ashes mourned.\nYour Lord and you are risen, Colossians 3:1, 2.\nAspire to things above: John \nWhere he resides, there you shall dwell\nIn realms of light and love. Revelation 22:5.\n\nWhen the ancient world God's patience\nAnd long his threatening vengeance dared, 1 Peter 3:19, 20.\nThe righteous Noah found favor,\nHis family alone was spared. Genesis 6:8, 9.\nIn secret chambers of the ark\nThey all secure from danger lie, Genesis 7:11-24.\nWhen the ocean's banks were broken, and\nFloods\nBurst through the windows of the sky. Psalm 19:9.\nAnd proud waters o'er the mountains roll, Verse 23.\nAnd common ruin widely spread;\nYet the blessed patriarch's house survives, Genesis 8:\n\n(Note: The text appears to be a hymn or poem, and I have made minimal corrections to preserve its structure and rhythm. However, I have corrected some obvious errors, such as missing words and incorrect references.)\nThe obsequious floods retreat;\nAnd Noah from his mystic tomb,\nPeoples the ruined Earth with men. Ch. 9. 1.\nSo to restore a world overwhelmed, Pet. 3. 21.\nWith guilt and misery, dead in sins, Eph. 2. 1, 2.\nOur Savior rising from the grave, Rom. 5. 24.\nAnother race of men begins; Col. 3. 10.\nNew creatures of a heavenly form, 2 Cor. 5. 17.\nWhose souls his sacred image bear; Ch. 3. 18.\nWhile dead to sin, they live to God, Rom. 6. 11-12.\nAnd spotless in white robes appear. Rev. 3. 5.\nBuried in their Redeemer's grave, Rom. 6. 3.\nWith Him they live, with Him they rise; 1 John 5. 1.\nWhile the lost race of humankind\nLies deluged with sin and ruin, Mat. 24. 28, 29.\nO happy souls whom grace revives! Phil. 3. 20, 21.\nTheir bodies too their Lord will raise,\nRefined and fit for holy souls, 1 John 3. 2.\nTo see His face and sing His praise. Rev. 5. 9-10.\nThus was the Great Redeemer plunged\nIn Jordan's swelling flood; Mat. 3. 13.\nTo show He'd one day be baptized\nIn tears, Heb. 5. 7. In sweat, Luk. 22. 44. And blood.\nThus was his Sacred Body laid\nBeneath the yielding wave; Col. 2:12.\nThus was his Sacred Body raised\nOut of the liquid grave.\nWhen lo! from realms of light and bliss\nThe Heavenly Dove descends, Matt. 3:16.\nLights on his venerable head,\nWhich rays of glory crown.\nWhile his Eternal Father's voice\nAn awful joy excites; Ver. 17.\n\"This is my beloved Son,\nIn whom my soul delights.\" Rom. 6:3-4, &c.\nHis burial did foretell\nThe quickening of his Sacred Flesh,\nHis resurrection too.\nLORD, thy own precepts we obey, Matt. 28:19.\nIn thy own footsteps tread, Matt. 3:15.\nWe die, Col. 3:1-2, are buried, rise with Thee.\nO may the Spirit of Truth and Love\nHis power on us display, Ioh. 14:17.\nApprove our vows, Eph. 4:30.\nAnd seal our souls\nTo the Redemption-Day!\nO Blessed Redeemer! Ioh. 19:34-35.\nIn thy Side, upon the cross,\nWas made a wound, 1 John 1:7.\nAnd where our guilt's entirely drowned. Mic. 7:19.\nWater and Blood freely ran, I John 5:6.\nAnd on the trembling Earth were spilt; Matthew 27:51.\nWater to sanctify and cleanse, Titus 3:5.\nBlood to atone for crimson guilt. Hebrews 9:22.\nThis wondrous grace to represent\nBaptismal waters were designed, Acts 22:16.\nIn which thou, Lord, wast buried too,\nTo thy great Father's will resign'd. Matthew 3:15, 16.\nThus penitents who die to sin,\nWith Thee are buried in thy grave; Colossians 2:12.\nThus quickened to a life divine, Romans 6:4, 5, &c.\nTheir souls a resurrection have.\nAnd though their bodies turn to dust,\nThis holy symbol does assure, Luke 14:14.\nThe resurrection of the just\nShall render them all bright and pure. 1 Corinthians 15:42, 43, 44.\nMade like his body ours shall be, Philippians 3:21.\nWhen Christ, who is our life, appears; Colossians 3:4.\nWho to procure us life, Luke 12:50 was once\nBaptized in his own blood and tears. Mark 10:38.\n\nWhen from Egyptian slavery\nThe Hebrews were redeemed, Exodus 14.\nThe parted seas and covering cloud\nA grave to Israel seemed.\nBut soon the joyful Tribes emerge,\nAnd stand upon the shore,\nWith grateful Hearts and tuneful Tongues,\nThey adore their Saviour's Name. Exod. 15.\nHe made the obsequious Waves retire, Exod. 14. 16,\nHis Favourite Tribes to save,\nMade them a way to Liberty, Ver. 26, 27, 28, &c,\nWhere Egypt found a Grave.\nThus Jacob's Sons were baptized old,\nTo Moses in the Sea, 1 Cor. 10. 1, 2.\nSaved by God's Arm, Exo. 20. 2,\nThemselves they devote,\nHis Statutes to obey. Ch. 19. 4-9.\nSo from the Bondage of our Sins, Rom. 6. 11-18,\nRedeemed by Sovereign Grace,\nWe through his watry Sepulchre\nTrace our Saviour's Footsteps. Mat. 3. 13, 1\nOur Sins, the worst of Enemies,\nAre buried there and drowned; Col. 3. 5.\nTo a new Life our Souls are raised, Gal. 2. 20.\nWith tender Mercy crowned. Col. 2. 13.\nTo thee, O Jesus, may we live, Rom. 14. 7, 8, 9.\nDevoted to thy Fear;\nThee will we love, Thee will we praise,\nAnd all thy Laws revere.\nTHE Great Redeemer we adore,\nWho came the lost to seek and save; Luk. 19. 10.\nWent humbly down from Jordan's shore, Matthew 3. 13.\nTo find a tomb beneath a wave.\n\"Thus it becomes us to fulfill\nAll righteousness,\" Ver. 15. he meekly said:\nWhy should we then do his will\nOr be ashamed, or be afraid?\nWith Thee into thy watery tomb,\nLORD, 'tis our glory to descend;\n'Tis wondrous grace that gives us room\nTo lie interred by such a Friend! Romans 6. 3, 4, &c.\nBut a much more tempestuous flood\nOverwhelmed thy body and thy soul; Hebrews 5. 7.\nThat's plunged in tears, Luke 22. 44, and sweat, and\nBlood, Matthew 26. 38.\nAnd over this black terrors roll. Acts 2. 24.\nYet as the yielding waves give way,\nTo let us see the light again:\nSo on thy Resurrection Day\nThe bands of death proved weak and vain. Acts 2. 24.\nThus when Thou shalt again appear, 1 Corinthians 15. 52, 53.\nThe gates of death shall open wide;\nOur dust thy powerful voice shall hear, John 5. 25.\nShall rise and triumph at thy side.\nThese now vile bodies then shall wear\nA glorious form resembling thine; Matthew 17. 2.\nTo be dissolved no more shall fear, Revelation 20. 14.\nBut with immortal Beauty shining, Ch. 22, 3-4.\nWhen famed Bethesda's waters flowed, John 5, 2-4.\nBy a descending angel moved;\nThe wondrous pool a sovereign bath\nFor every pain and sickness prov'd.\nHither distemper'd crowds repair,\nHither the feeble, lame, and blind;\nThe first who steps into the spring,\nLeaves his disease and pains behind.\nThat languishing and dying souls\nA nobler cure might freely meet,\nThe Son of God came down and stirred\nBaptismal waters with his feet. Matt. 3, 13-14.\nLORD, 'tis but just we follow Thee, 1 Pet. 2, 21.\nWho didst not scorn to lead the way,\nWhere we just see the Vale of Death, Rom. 6, 3-4, &c.\nThen view the Resurrection-Day.\nHappy! who haste into the flood\nWhere healing virtues ever flow, John 5, 7.\nWhere filthy lepers clean are made, Isa. 53, 4.\nThe blind to see, the lame to go; Matt. 8, 16-17.\nWhere contrite spirits heal their wounds, Isa. 61, 1.\nAnd broken hearts assuage their pain; Ch. 57, 15.\nThe dead themselves new life inspires, John 5, 25.\nThey breathe and move, and rise again. With lowly minds and lofty songs, let all admire the Savior's grace, till the great Rising-Day reveals John 3:2 the immortal glory of his face. In such a grave as this, the meek Redeemer lay, Matthias 3:13 when He, our souls to seek and save, Luke 19:10 learned humbly to obey. See how the spotless Lamb descends into the stream! 1 Peter 1:19 And teaches sinners not to scorn what Him so well became. His Body sanctifies the salutary flood, Romans 6:3-5, and teaches us to plunge our souls Acts 22:16 in the Fountain of his blood. Oh! Sinners, wash away your sins of crimson dye; Isaiah 1:18 buried with him, Colossians 2:12, your sins shall all in dark Oblivion lie. Rise and ascend with Him, Colossians 3:1-2, and lead a Heavenly Life, Who came to rescue guilty Men from Regions of the Dead. Hebrews 2:14-15. Lord, Isaiah 38:5, see the Sinner's Tears, hear his repenting cry; Speak, Isaiah 57:15, and his contrite soul shall live.\nSpeak, Galatians 5:24. And his sins shall die:\nSpeak with that mighty Voice,\nWhich one day wide shall spread\nIts Summons through the Earth and Sea, John 5:25.\nTo wake and raise the Dead. Revelation 20:13.\nSee in what Grave our Savior lay, Colossians 2:12.\nBefore he shed his precious Blood;\nHow he marked out the humble way\nTo Sinners through the mystic Flood. Matthew 3:13, 14.\nThe Sun of Righteousness his Beams, Malachi 4:2.\nThough so divinely fair and bright,\nImmersed in Jordan's swelling Streams,\nSubmitting to this Holy Rite. O Jordan! honored oft before!\nWhat greater Glory wouldst thou have,\nThan CHRIST descending from thy Shore,\nTo find in thee a liquid Grave?\nThy Streams retired on either side, Joshua 3.\nTo the Holy Ark once formed a Way;\nA Prophet's Mantle could divide\nThy willing Streams, taught to obey. 2 Kings 2:8.\nPlunged by the Holy Baptist's Hand,\nBuried in thee our SAVIOR lies:\nDid not thy Waters wond'ring stand, Psalm 114:5.\nTo see Him die, and see Him rise?\nBlessed Sepulchre! where JESUS lay,\nWhich JESUS for us sanctifies!\nBlessed Flood! Act 22:16. To wash our sins away and sink them so they never rise again, Ch. 2:38.\n\nWhen one sinner turns to God,\nWith contrite heart and flowing eyes,\nThe happy news makes angels smile, Luke 1:57.\nAnd tell their joys above the skies. V:10.\n\nWell may the church below rejoice,\nAnd echo back the heavenly sound:\n\"This soul was dead, Luke 15:32, but now's alive;\n\"This sheep was lost, but now is found.\nSee how the willing converts trace\nThe path their great Redeemer trod; Matt 15:3.\nAnd follow through his liquid grave,\nThe meek, Matt 11:29, the lowly Son of God.\n\nHere in the holy laver plunged, Tit. 3:5,\nTheir souls are cleansed from every stain;\nThey die, Gal. 2:19, descend into the tomb.\nBy grace they live, Col. 3:1, 2, and rise again.\n\nHere they renounce their former deeds, Acts 19:18,\nAnd aspire to a heavenly life: Rom. 6:3.\nTheir rags for glorious robes exchanged, Zech. 3:3.\nThey shine in clean and white attire. Rev. 3:5.\n\nO sacred rite! Ch. 19:8. By this the Name\n\"Of Jesus we begin; Acts 19. 5.\nThis is our Resurrection's pledge, 1 Peter 3. 21.\nAnd seals the pardon of our sin. Acts 2. 38.\nGlory to God on high be given, Luke 2. 14.\nWho shows this grace to sinful men:\nLet saints on Earth, Revelation 7. 9-12, and hosts of heaven,\nIn concert join their loud Amen.\nFINIS.\"", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1697, "creation_year_latest": 1712, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase1"},
{"content": "A dedicated student of surgery should prepare two anatomies and prove that he has at least treated three cases before being admitted to the practice of surgery.\n\nWe desire and restrict, no one may publicly or privately introduce himself as a practitioner in this faculty below the limits of this University, unless he has previously studied medicine here or has been licensed to read, or has been presented by some regent of medicine in this place as qualified.\n\nFurthermore, in such admissions, each person must ensure that he will lecture and practice in this University for two terms within two years, under the penalty of paying twenty shillings into the common chest within the said two years.\nAny individual who is about to assume a degree here must understand and abide by the established statutes and customs of this University, and not disturb the peace of the University under any pretext, but bring any disturbances to the Chancellor or his deputy as soon as possible. This is to ensure that the honor of our University is enhanced and respected.\n\nAny graduate residing in our municipality must wear the appropriate academic dress, except for those who are not graduates. The following three statutes apply only to the graduate's own faculty, concerning the scholar of that faculty.\n\nFinally, no one may be admitted to a degree here unless they have sworn obedience to the Chancellor or his deputy and have renounced their privileges to the extent that they conflict with the privileges and statutes of the University, while preserving the composition between the University and the Royal College.\nYou shall maintain that you have observed and shall observe all of these things, unless otherwise granted by the Academy, God helping you and these holy Evangelists.\n\nYou shall not alter, corrupt, or diminish anything in the public library that pertains to the aforementioned decree of the Academy in June 1684. You shall not change, remove, or take away any book by yourself or anyone else, except in accordance with the conditions required by the decrees of the University: That you shall use this right sincerely and in good faith, and in no way cause damage to the library, God helping you and these holy Evangelists.", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1684, "creation_year_latest": 1725, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase1"},
{"content": "King Charles II, by the grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and so forth.\n\nTo George Savile, William Savile, Jacob Hopkinson, Roger Newtown, Alveredo Mottram, Gentlemen, and to all other persons whom the Decree or final judgment in any way touches or concerns:\n\nSince a certain decree or judgment in these words existed before us in our Chancery Court.\n\nWhen before this time, that is, in the term of St. Michael, in the year of our Lord.\n1628, Richard Carrier, Clerk and Vicar of Wirksworth in the County of Derby, filed a Bill of Complaint in the High and Honorable Court of Chancery against Ephraim Fern, Richard Wigley, Anthony Coates, and William Debanks. He declared that the Vicars of Wirksworth and their predecessors, since time immemorial, had received a customary duty of all lead-ore or lead-mine, which had been extracted within the parish of Wirksworth, cleaned and purified from the earth and rubble, at the miners' and getters' sole costs and labors. The Vicars allowed the miners and getters one penny for dressing, cleansing, and washing every tenth dish without interruption, until approximately the 18th year of King's reign.\nAt this time, Complainant presented his English Bill into the Court of Exchequer Chamber, the first suit against various miners who refused to pay this Duty. The miners, served with subpoenas from that Court, appeared in Michaelmas Term (180 Jacobi), but gave no answer. The miners, upon petition to the Privy Council, obtained an Order, along with the suits of other proprietors, to stay the suit in the Exchequer Court and bring it before the Council. The proceedings at law of John Gell Esquire (later Sir John Gell Barr.) for one third part of the Tithe-Oar, and of Sir Francis Leake (then Knight, later Lord Deincourt) for the other two parts of the Tithe-Oar in the Parishes of Bakewell, Tiddeswall and Hope, in the hundred of High Peak in Derbyshire, had also been stayed for many years.\nAnd the whole cause concerning the tithe or tenth of lead-ore within the County of Darby was before the Council stayed due to a dispute over some point of state. As a result, various ministers, parsons, and vicars within the county, who derived a significant portion of their maintenance from the tithe of lead-ore, were compelled to halt all legal proceedings and make do without it during the time the matter was under consideration at the Council Board.\n\nThe custom of paying the said tithe or tenth of lead-ore was claimed to be uniform throughout the county, where the ore was mined. To prevent the multiplicity of suits that would have ensued, the Council's directions for trying the general custom were issued.\nFor the final settlement of this cause, it was decided that the entire county would convene, not only regarding the parsons and vicars, but also other proprietors of the lead-ore tithe and customary duty, to refer the custom to a trial at common law. This was carried out by an order of the court on November 26, 1619, with specific instructions on how and in what manner the trial should be brought on and conducted. The custom was the only issue in question.\n\nThe trial took place at the Common Pleas Bar in Easter Term 1620, where the custom was the only matter in dispute. Both parties insisted on it, and after four hours of evidence before the judges, a verdict was passed for the custom, in favor of the plaintiff in the case.\n\nAfter this trial, the miners desired a second trial.\nThe Miners were not satisfied and attempted to exhaust the complainant and those interested in the duty, using the pretext of having old witnesses not yet examined. They obtained an order from the Lords of the Council on June 21, 1620, for another trial at Common Law, with specific directions (as before), which trial was held at the Common Pleas Bar in Michaelmas Term, 1620, concerning the same custom. A second verdict for general custom was passed in this suit involving Mr. John Gell.\n\nDespite this second verdict, the proprietors petitioned the king. The complainant (the Carrier) and Mr. John Gell were parties to this petition.\nGell and Lord Deincourt, along with other ministers involved in the Customary Duty of the Tyth or Tenth of Lead-Oar within Derby County, petitioned King James I for relief as they could not peacefully enjoy the duty due to miners forming a large fund to exhaust them. The King referred the matter to the Archbishop of Canterbury, some Lords, and the Lord High Treasurer (later Lord Privy Seal), instructing them to examine the case and take effective action for the petitioners' relief, and to report the course to be taken for their possession.\nAccording to which reference, their Lordships, having heard the cause at large debated, certified to His Majesty in July 1621 that Mr. Gell had prevailed at law for his third part of this tithe in the parishes of Bakewell, Tiddeswall and Hope. The Lord Deincourt had obtained a decree in the Exchequer for the other two thirds of this tithe. It appeared just and fit to them that the said tithes or tenths should be established according to the said trials at law and the said decree in the Exchequer. The Lords certify the justice and equity of the said custom.\n\nBy special order and direction from King James I, an order of the Council was passed on the 5th of October 1621, honourably dismissing the cause from the Council-Table with a declaration of the miner's false pretence.\nThat the Complainant and all others interested or having any Right or Title in, and to the Tithe or Tenth of Lead Ore, along with the entire cause then before them, should be clearly discharged and dismissed from the Council-Board, and left to the full Fruition and Benefit of the Law.\n\nAs the Complainant and the rest had suffered loss due to being kept at the Board on account of some point of state which then seemed otherwise: Therefore, their Lordships, in an honorable respect of the Complainant and the rest, wished they might have all the Speed and Expedition which the Law in justice might afford them.\n\nAfter their dismissal from the Council-Board in Michaelmas Term next following,\n\nThe Complainant's Bill in Chancery was exhibited, being the 19th year of King James I. The said Carrier then exhibited his Bill in Chancery against these Defendants.\nRobert Maddox, Thomas Taylor, Thomas Fogg, Francis Bayley, Thomas Godbehere, and others, miners within the parish, numbering approximately 300: The named five persons appeared in the Michaelmas-Term and took out a Dedimus to answer in the Country, returnable in Hillary Term following.\n\nThe complainant, being delayed by a Dedimus, petitioned the Lord Keeper for an Injunction against all the miners in that Parish. By an Order of Court of December 4, 19 James I, this Injunction was granted, requiring them to pay the tithe as formerly, until they answered. And after their answer was given in Hillary-Term 19 James I, wherein they averred themselves to be more in number than 300; in Easter-Term, the miners prayed that the Injunction might be changed into a Sequestration. The Complainant was ordered to show cause in Trinity-Term why it should not be so.\n\nThe matter was then heard and debated on the 3rd of July, 20 Jacobi Reg. prim.\nAnd then ordered that the defendants and all the rest should pay the said tithe, and that the injunction should continue in force until hearing, with the complainant also under an injunction to stay suits for this in all other courts. After all which, and after bill, answer, replication and rejoinder, commissions to take evidence and publication of the same, together with the petition and debates about the injunction aforesaid (all on record in Chancery Court). The cause now being ready to be heard in Michaelmas-Term 20th of King James I. The miners at last suffer a decree against them to pass by consent. The then defendants finding the proofs to be full against them, requested the complainant to take a decree by consent, against them and all the rest of the miners in that parish, to pay the said tithe to the complainant and his successors forever. This decree by consent was accordingly passed that Michaelmas-Term, and subscribed by the then Lord Keeper.\nUnto which decree, the Miners submitted to the decree for some years. Both the then defendants and all other Miners within the parish of Wirksworth submitted, and paid the said tithe or tenth part of lead-ore to the said complainant for five years or thereabouts following.\n\nSince the aforementioned dismissal from the council-table, other decrees for other proprietors. The said John Gell had obtained a decree in this Honorable Court (of Chancery) against all the Miners within the parishes of Bakewell, Tiddeswall, and Hope. By due course and proceedings, they were all bound to pay the said third part of the tithe or tenth of all lead, gotten or to be gotten within the said parishes, unto him, John Gell, and his heirs forever.\n\nThis decree was ratified and confirmed to stand in force against them all, by an Order of Chancery of 27th May, 303 Carol. prim. And the said Mr. Gell was accordingly possessed of the said third part.\nAnd since the decree confirming the Tyth of Lead-Oar within the stated parishes, miners have submitted and paid this tithe to Mr. Gell or his servants/deputies. Unsatisfied with these legal proceedings, miners in Derbyshire brought a Bill against this tithe in Parliament. At the Council Table and in this Honorable Court, they presented their Bill against this complainant and others involved in the Lead Oar Tithe, seeking relief in the High Court of Parliament, held at Westminster on 19th February, 21 Jacobi Prim. They requested that no Lead Ore Tithe be paid in any place within Derbyshire. The Miners' Bill against this Tithe was read twice and committed and reported.\n\nHowever, the Miners' Bill against this Tithe was rejected.\nUpon debating among the Commons in Parliament assembled on Wednesday, the 12th of May, in the 22nd year of King James I, the rejected and cast-out decree was debated. However, in Easter Term, 33rd year of Charles I, miners proposed new suits and questioned the former decree. Some miners in Wirksworth, influenced by those ill-disposed towards the complainant, questioned whether the former decree, as passed and drawn up, should bind all miners in that parish or only the named defendants. This question was referred to the Attorney General. By order of the Chancery on the 4th of May, in the 33rd year of Charles I, the question was referred to Sir Robert Heath, Attorney General, to examine and certify regarding it. After full examination, hearings of the matter in the presence of the Council learned on both sides, and perusal of the bill and answer, proofs, &c., Sir Robert Heath made his certificate on the 10th of July, 33rd year of Charles I, to the following effect:\n\n1st\nThe Attorney General presented the certificate. The complainant had prayed for process only against the named defendants, but complained in the pleading against all miners in the parish, numbering approximately 300. Before the defendants answered, an injunction was issued by the Lord Keeper against all miners in the parish, requiring them to pay this tithe. This injunction was debated and confirmed, remaining in effect until the case was heard. The suit exhibited a general soliciting and a contribution from the miners of the parish against the complainant. For a time, the miners submitted and paid the tithe to the complainant, but no order preceded. Records of the First Fruits Office of this tithe.\nThe text found proofs in the published records and the First-Fruits-Office that the tithe of lead ore had been paid for a long time. According to the record, the vicarage of Wirksworth was valued in the King's Book at over 40 pounds, of which 30 pounds were for lead ore tithes. He believed that if, in the Lord Keeper's judgment, the decree, as then drafted, should extend to all miners in the parish until it was reversed, the complainant should be settled in possession of those tithes until that time and restored to the arrears, as possession had been taken away since the reference. However, if the Lord Keeper did not extend the decree to anyone else but those against whom process was prayed, he should direct a course for determining that question.\nUpon this certificate of the Attorney General, the complainant prayed that his decree beforehand might extend to all miners in that parish. However, since the decree aforementioned was not made at a judicial hearing, an order was obtained for a new suit in Chancery (but by consent). The court then directed and ordered that it should only stand in force against those who consented. Yet further ordered, that Mr. Christopher Fulwood, counsel for the miners, should within a fortnight after the entrance of that order, upon notice given, nominate four miners to be defendants to a new bill to be exhibited against them by the complainant, and what order or decree should be made against the four. The rest of the miners in that parish were to be bound by it.\nIn pursuance of which order, Counsellor Fulwood named the following four defendants: Ephraim Fern, Richard Wigley of Cromford, Anthony Coates, and William Debanck. The complainant exhibited his bill against these four defendants, in order to settle his duty and right to the said tithe of Lead-Ore through a decree of this Court against all miners in the said parish who, unsatisfied with the previous proceedings, refused to pay the customary duty of the tithe or 10th of Lead Ore unjustly and vexatiously.\nAnd the said four Defendants, having obtained by chance or otherwise various Deeds, Evidences, Charters, Writings, and Records that would clearly prove the Complainants' Right and Title to the said Tythe or Tenth of Lead-Ore, had recently, due to causeless Displeasure towards the Complainant, conspired amongst themselves to willfully deny payment of the said Lead-Ore Tithe, which they had obtained within the Parish of Wirksworth, to the Complainant, who was then the Vicar of that Parish.\n And according to the said Plot and Agreement, had all of them absolutely deny\u2223ed, and wilfully refused to pay any Tythe or Tenth Part at all to the said Complainant of or for any Lead-Oar gotten by them within the said Parish of Wirksworth, sometimes affirming, that the said Tythe of Lead-Oar was a Personal Tythe, and sometimes that the said Complainant ought to take his said Tythe or Tenth Part undressed, as it was drawn up out of the Lead-Mines or Groves, in which they get the same.\nWhereas in Truth, the said Tythe or Tenth Part of all the Lead-Oar gotten within the said Parish, had (all the Time whereof the memory of Man was not to the contrary) been paid, and of right ought to be paid by Custom and Prescription, in manner and form fol\u2223lowing.\nThat is to say,\nThe manner of Payment of this Tyth set forth\nWithin and over the Wapontake of Wirksworth in Derby County, there has been, and as far as memory reaches, a principal officer for the lead mine called a Barmaster. This officer measured all the lead obtained there before it was sold or given away. At this measurement, the Barmaster saw the lot and cope paid to the lord of the field or mine, as well as the proprietors and owners of the tithes or tenth of lead for the time being, who received every tenth dish or measure of lead ore from the miners or getters.\nAnd they had always received every the tenth dish, being dressed and cleansed from the earth and rubbish, at and by the proper costs, charges, and labor of the miners. The proprietors and owners of the said tithe or tenth dish allowed one penny unto the miners for the dressing, washing, and cleansing of every said tenth dish. In this manner, the said tithe or tenth part of lead-ore had been paid as stated, (time beyond the memory of man), and so ought to be paid. This custom for payment of the said tithe, the same in all parishes or tenth of lead-ore within all parishes of the said County of Derby where it had been gotten, had been confirmed, entitled, approved, and established by the said several verdicts, decrees, certificates, orders, and other proceedings formerly set forth and expressed.\nAnd the Customary Duty had been paid in manner aforesaid to the Complainants' predecessors and to him as Vicar of Wirksworth, time out of mind, without interruption, question, or contradiction, until recently. The said 4 Defendants, along with the other miners in that parish, had combined and confederated themselves, and absolutely denied the payment, giving out in speeches that they would make the Complainants' tithe or tenth part of Lead-Ore bear the charges of their suit. They threatened that if the Complainant opposed and stood out in law with them, they would make him not worth a groat. This opposition and combination was contrary to all equity and good conscience and would tend to the great loss and disinheritance of the Complainant and his successors if due and speedy remedy were not had.\nIn consideration of this, and to prevent multiple lawsuits, and to avoid further expenses, and to ensure a final decree in the cause, all miners within the parish of Wirksworth (as directed by this court previously) established and continued the quiet possession with the complainant and his successors. Since the tithe of lead-ore was two-thirds of the whole profits of that vicarage (as there was neither glebe, tithe-corn, nor tithe-hay belonging to it), the church would be disinherited, and the complainant impoverished, if not prevented. Therefore, he prayed for a subpoena against the four defendants, which being granted, they were served, and after bill, answer, replication, commissions to examine witnesses, publication, and all other proceedings (in Chancery) had and made.\nA Day was appointed for Hearing. The Defendants, Maddock, Taylor, Fogg, Bayley, and Godbehere, being unprepared, a further Day was appointed for hearing the cause. On this Day, it appeared that a Decree had been taken by consent against the former Defendants for payment of this Tithe to the Complainant by them and the other Miners in that Parish. Despite this, the other unnamed Parties had refused to be bound by that Decree. A new Bill was ordered, and four new Defendants named. The cause was now heard.\nAnd upon the full hearing and long debate of the matter before the Right Honourable the Lord Reeper, in the presence of Counsel learned on both sides: It appeared that the constant and general custom within the said Parish for over 50 years had been to pay the tithe or 10th part of lead-ore, dressed and cleansed from the earth and rubbish. This tithe did not include the lot-dishes, which were the king's part, except that the lot dishes had not been reckoned or accounted as part of that from which the said tithe or tenth should be paid. And the complainants' Counsel offered to read depositions of old witnesses (taken in the former cause) now dead, to prove this custom in the said Parish for eighty years. It also appeared by a copy of a record in the First Fruits Office that the vicarage of Wirksworth was valued at above 40 pounds per annum in the King's Books, of which only 30 pounds was for the said tithes of lead-ore.\nBut the only question was concerning the reception which the Plaintiff and his predecessors had allowed to the miners for cleansing and washing the tenth dish.\n\nDebates about the reception for washing the tenth dish.\n\nIt was proved by the Plaintiff's witnesses that the constant course and usage had been to allow only a penny for washing and cleansing the said tenth dish. On the other hand, it was proved that some of the Plaintiff's predecessors had allowed a greater proportion to the miners, sometimes four pence per dish, when their work fell in hard and rocky ground and was much annoyed with water. It was alleged on the Defendant's part that the cleansing of a dish was worth eight pence; therefore, it was against reason to enforce the poor miners to do it for a penny.\nHis Lordship was satisfied that the Complainant was entitled to be paid his tithe of lead-ore, disregarding any objections from the Defendants' counsel to the contrary. The constant custom had been to pay only a penny for cleansing it. The miners in Wirksworth were to be in the same condition as other miners in the High-Peak, against whom a decree had been made in this court for trials at law regarding the payment of tithes or tenth of lead-ore. However, His Lordship considered that the passage of time might cause great inequality and disproportion in the payment, as a penny may have been a sufficient compensation for the labor of washing the tenth dish in ancient times, but it may not be so in the present times.\nAnd considering that whatever the Plaintiffs right is in law, according to strict custom, yet he could not expect a Court of Equity to decree the custom in such a way as to undo the poor miners; therefore, His Lordship thought, without prejudice to the Plaintiffs right or the aforementioned custom, to take a middle course whereby the Plaintiff, without multiplicity of suits, might have his tithe by order of this Court, and yet the poor miners not be too much pinched by the rigor or strictness of the said custom.\n\nIt is therefore on this present day, that is, Saturday, the 4th day of July, Anno 5th of the reign of King Charles, &c. first, by the Right Honorable Thomas Lord Coventry, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England, and by the authority of the said High Court of Chancery, that the tithe of lead-ore is decreed.\nOrdered and decreed that the defendants, and all other miners within the said parish, shall pay to the complainant and his successors, Vicars of Wirksworth forever, the tithe or tenth part of all lead-ore gotten or to be gotten within the said parish; dressed and cleansed from the earth and rubbish at the charge and labor of the miners. A commission about the equity of the recompense for washing the tithe, but without prejudice of the general custom.\nAnd regarding the allowance to be made by the Complainant and his successors for washing, dressing, and cleansing every 10th dish; although his Lordship does not intend to alter or control the ancient custom in this matter; yet, to ensure peace and quietness in the future and for other reasons previously expressed, and because the counsels on both sides could not agree on this issue, his Lordship, for his full satisfaction and to allow for a moderate consideration if necessary, but without prejudice to the general custom formerly held and used in this regard, orders that a commission be awarded to Sir Henry Wiloughby, Knight and Baronet, Sir Henry Lee, Sir Henry Agard, and John Bullock, Esquire, or any three or two of them, to consider and examine whether a penny a dish is a sufficient recompense for washing and cleansing every 10th dish.\nYou shall place the dishes one next to another, enabling them to view all types of oar and examine witnesses regarding this matter, if necessary. Upon the return of the commission and certificate from his lordship, further orders will be given. Until then, the complainant is only required to pay a penny for cleansing his tithe oar, as previously. If his lordship orders the miners to receive a better allowance, the complainant shall make up and satisfy the same to them.\n\nTo you, George Savile, &c., and you, Sir, I command and require that you do all things and each single matter contained in the judgment or decree aforesaid, and complete and fulfill them according to the tenor, &c., under pain, &c. Witness myself at Westminster, 28 July, in the year of the reign, 15.\n\nGrim. Longuivillo.\n\n1st.\nBy this record, it appears that the right and claim to a tithe of lead-ore is one and the same in all parishes in Derbyshire where lead-ore is dug. This has been tried and adjudged at common law through general issues and evidence to avoid the multiplicity of suits. If the issues and evidence had not been general but local and particular (as has been attempted in recent years), numerous suits would have ensued, one for each parish or proprietor claiming this tithe.\n\nSecondly, this record also shows the illegal combinations, confederacies, and other vexatious and unjust dealings of the miners in defending suits against this tithe. They removed the cause from one court to another based on false suggestions and pretenses, and refused to be bound by former decrees (even those taken against them) in order to wear out the complainants.\nThey have taken advantage of the change or poverty of various incumbents in the particular parish to which this decree pertains, to enforce and obligate them to defend, renew, and confirm this very Decree five or six times since its beginning, at the expense and charge of many hundred pounds each time.\n\nThirdly, this record, as well as the journals of Parliament to which it refers, show that the custom for payment of a tithe of lead-ore in all parishes within Derby County where it is obtained, has been examined, debated, and approved among the Commons assembled in Parliament, by rejecting and casting out a Bill formerly brought against it. We hope this will be looked upon as a good precedent to bring this Cause before that High and Honourable Court once more by a Bill for preventing such multiplicity of suits, and for settling this tithe in the said County according to the tenor, equity, and establishment of this and other similar Decrees.\n\nObject. 1st\nTyth is only due of things growing or increasing above ground, and may as well be claimed of coal-mines or lime-kilns, as of lead-mines.\n\nAnswer. Though typically due of things growing above ground for tyth, yet by custom it may be paid of anything whatever, as is known in many instances in various parts of this kingdom. Coals and lime are not under the same laws, customs, privileges, and acknowledgments of tyth as the lead-mines in Derbyshire. Nor do the ministers or proprietors of tyth pay tenths yearly to the King for tyth of coal or lime, as they explicitly do for tyth of lead-ore. And the objectors know well enough that in various parishes of Derbyshire, where a tyth of lead-ore has been, and is at this day paid, there are lime-kilns, and in some places coal-mines also. From which never any tyth was pretended to be claimed.\nThis will prevent prejudice in Gentlemen with interests in mines outside the Kingdom's areas with the same customs, privileges, and duties as Derbyshire. This establishment is desired only for Derbyshire, where the tithe has been acknowledged by the miners and is paid in most places today.\n\nObject 2. The payment of this tithe will injure or obstruct the King's Duty. Note: The King's Duty is referred to as the Lot and Cope. The Lot is every 13th dish or measure of ore paid to the King as Lord of the Field. The Cope is 6 pence or 4 pence for every load of ore (9 dishes making up a load), paid by the ore buyers as a composition for the King's right of preemption of the ore, which he formerly had.\n\nAnswer:\n\nThis will prevent prejudice in Gentlemens with interests in mines outside the Kingdom's areas with the same customs, privileges, and duties as Derbyshire. This establishment is desired only for Derbyshire, where the tithe has been acknowledged by the miners and is paid in most places today.\n\nObject 2. The payment of this tithe may hinder the collection of the King's Duty. Note: The King's Duty is also known as the Lot and Cope. The Lot is every 13th dish or measure of ore paid to the King as Lord of the Field. The Cope is 6 pence or 4 pence for every load of ore (9 dishes making up a load), paid by the buyers of the ore as a composition for the King's right of preemption of the ore, which he formerly had.\nThe Cope paid by the Lead-Ore buyer cannot be affected by the payment of the Tithe; and Lot-dishes are never considered part of that from which Tithe is paid. In the old Laws and Customs of the Lead-mines (which are on record), the Duties to the Church and King are mentioned together as necessary conditions of some Privileges. We hope the farmers of His Majesty's duty will not think it in their just interest to destroy the one, upon pretense of advancing the other. Since the payment of each to the distinct Proprietors secures the accounts of both and prevents either from being cheated. In places where this Tithe is unjustly withheld from the Church, the King is more easily cheated by the Miners, who are as ready to conceal and defraud the King's part (where they can do it) as they are to deny the Church's Right.\n\nObject 3d. The payment of this Tithe will ruin the poor Miners or discourage them from working.\nAnswer:\n\nThe Cope paid by the Lead-ore buyer is not affected by the payment of the Tithe, and Lot-dishes are not included in what is paid for Tithe. In the old laws and customs of the Lead-mines (recorded), the duties to the Church and King are mentioned together as necessary conditions for certain privileges. We believe the farmers of His Majesty's duty will not consider it in their interest to destroy one while advancing the other. Paying each to the separate proprietors ensures the accuracy of both accounts and prevents either from being cheated. In places where the Tithe is unjustly withheld from the Church, the King is more easily cheated by the miners, who are just as likely to conceal and defraud the King's share as they are to deny the Church's right.\n\nObject 3: The payment of this Tithe will ruin the poor miners or discourage them from working.\nResponse:\n\nThe Cope paid by the Lead-ore buyer is not impacted by the payment of the Tithe, and Lot-dishes are not included in what is paid for Tithe. In the old laws and customs of the Lead-mines (recorded), the duties to the Church and King are mentioned together as necessary conditions for certain privileges. We believe the farmers of His Majesty's duty will not consider it in their interest to destroy one while advancing the other. Paying each to the separate proprietors ensures the accuracy of both accounts and prevents either from being cheated. In places where the Tithe is unjustly withheld from the Church, the King is more easily cheated by the miners, who are just as likely to conceal and defraud the King's share as they are to deny the Church's right.\n\nObject 3: The payment of this Tithe will ruin the poor miners or discourage them from working.\nReply:\n\nThe Cope paid by the Lead-ore buyer is not affected by the payment of the Tithe, and Lot-dishes are not considered part of what is paid for Tithe. In the old laws and customs of the Lead-mines (recorded), the duties to the Church and King are mentioned together as necessary conditions for certain privileges. We believe the farmers of His Majesty's duty will not consider it in their interest to destroy one while advancing the other. Paying each to the separate proprietors ensures the accuracy of both accounts and prevents either from being cheated. In places where the Tithe is unjustly withheld from the Church, the King is more easily cheated by the miners, who are just as likely to conceal and defraud the King's share as they are to deny the Church's right.\n\nObject 3: The payment of this Tithe will ruin the poor miners or discourage them from working.\nRebuttal:\n\nThe Cope paid by the Lead-ore buyer is not impacted by the payment of the Tithe, and Lot-dishes are not included in what is paid for Tithe. In the old laws and customs of the Lead-mines (recorded), the duties to the Church and King are mentioned together as necessary conditions for certain privileges. We believe the farmers of His Majesty's duty will not consider it in their interest to destroy one while advancing the other. Paying each to the separate proprietors ensures the accuracy of both accounts and prevents either from being cheated. In places where the Tithe is unjustly withheld from the Church, the King is more easily cheated by the miners, who are just as likely to conceal and defraud the King's share as they are\nIt is paid in all Parishes adjacent to the petitioners, yet has no such effect; nor had it such effect when it was paid in the petitioners' Parishes. The poor, as well as the rich miners, have all acknowledged the Church's right, either to set out their privileges or to obtain a relaxation of taxes by such acknowledgment. But the clergy have always shown the greatest clemency towards the poorer sort of miners, taking little or nothing from them; and they are ready, and believe it to be in their interest still to use the same clemency, provided it may not be urged against them to destroy their claim at common law (as it has been done of late).\nThe Rich Owners and Maintainers of Mines, who earn hundreds of pounds annually from them and convert arable, meadow, and pasture land into barren heaps, have no reason to raise this objection. The poor miners, who work for wages under them, are not affected.\n\nNote: Both this and the previous objection were previously considered and disproved before the Privy Council when the Tyth-Oar cause for the entire County of Derby was presented to them. Their Lordships declared that this was based on a different point of state.\n\nObjection 4th. Trials at Common Law have been held in some places, and verdicts passed against this Tyth.\n\nAnswer: These trials were based on incorrect issues, with effects and intentions contrary to the earlier general issues directed by the Privy Council for the entire county.\nThe Former were for preventing multiplicity of suits, these Latter for promoting as many suits as there are parishes where lead-ore is dug. The former trials were solemn, by gentlemen of worth and estates at the Common-pleas Bar in Westminster; the Latter by meaner and prejudiced country juries, some of them interested in mines or related to such as were so. The Former were upon full and long evidence; the Latter upon most false, perjured, and partial evidence (as will be made apparent if examined). The miners in these last trials swore for their own interest against the payment of this tithe in that parish where the suit was; and then upon the verdict passed against it there, they denied it in three or four of the neighboring parishes also where it had been constantly paid or compounded for.\nSo that though the issues in these last trials were (contrary to former establishments, then not understood by the plaintiffs) made local and particular, yet the consequence and effects of the verdicts of those issues were (contrary to both law and equity) made general and universal by denial of this tithe in neighboring parishes.\n\nObject. 5th. The petitioners have glebe-lands and other tithes and profits of their benefices, sufficient for them to live upon, without this tithe of lead-ore.\n\nAnswer. We know not what the objectors are pleased to account sufficient for a clergyman's and his family's maintenance, and to enable him to keep such hospitality, and exercise such charity, as in that poor country is expected from him. But we profess we can gladly be content with the just rights and perquisites of our churches, be they more or less. Some of us have not 50 l. per annum clear profits of our benefices; others of us not 70 l., and none of us (we believe) have 100 l.\nper year, except for one who has two mediities of the same parish, which formerly, when the tithe of lead-ore was paid in that parish, maintained two separate ministers and their families. Now, although both mediities are joined, they barely exceed 100 pounds per year.\n\nBut the opponents of this duty of tithe-ore were always ready to overestimate the poor clergy's benefices and, lately, to overtax them as well. Some of them were taxed at a higher value than when their predecessors received this tithe of lead-ore. In a suit against the late rector of Matlock, the defendants swear (in their answer) that that rectory was worth above 100 pounds per year in tithes and rectorial dues, over and besides the pretended duty of tithe-ore. Some persons examined as witnesses in that suit swear that the rectory was worth 100 pounds per year besides or without the tithe of lead-ore. The descendants' solicitor in that cause instructs their counsel to affirm it worth sometimes 120 pounds and sometimes 140 pounds.\nper annum without tithe or rent: And yet, to prove the falsity of these assumptions, the current incumbent of that parish has never been able to let or lease his benefice for 70 l. per annum, and he has frequently offered to let it for 60 l. per annum.\n\nHowever, all these objections would be more compelling (if they had any force at all) against various nobles, gentlemen, and other proprietors of tithe in the said county. These individuals have thousands per annum to live on, and yet (having a just right and title to this tithe) receive more annual revenues from it than all the poor clergy petitioners are likely to earn. But these objections are never raised against such great persons. It may further be noted that the petitioners' tithe of corn, hay, or grass is yearly hindered and decreased by the proliferation of groves or mines in their parishes, which ruin the land and make it barren.\nAnd lastly, the chief proposers of this objection, who are the rich owners and maintainers of mines, have obtained greater annual estates from the mines than any of the petitioners' benefits amount to in the whole profits of all their tithes combined.\nThis we hope will satisfy all just and charitable gentlemen of the justice of our cause, and the wrong which we and our churches suffer.\nFINIS.", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1705, "creation_year_latest": 1705, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase2"},
{"content": "In the Years 1689 and 1690, he was Treasurer of the Navy at \u00a33000, Commissioner of the Admiralty at \u00a31000, and Admiral of the Blue at \u00a31277. He received \u00a310s and Table-Money of \u00a3365, though he was not at sea; the total for each year was: \u00a33711.\n\nIn the Years 1691 and 1692, he was Treasurer of the Navy at \u00a33000, First Commissioner of the Admiralty at \u00a31000, and Admiral of the Fleet at \u00a32555. In the year 1691, he had to make his Equipage and received a grant from Suffolk-Street, valued at. In the year 1692, he had to make his Equipage and received a grant from the Under Woods of the Forest of Dean.\n\nIn the Years 1694 and 1695, he was Treasurer of the Navy at \u00a33000, First Commissioner of the Admiralty \u00a31000, and Admiral of the Fleet at \u00a32555. For his Equipage at his going to sea, he received a grant of the Ground-Rents of the House behind the Pay-Office in Broadstreet, valued at about.\nFor the years 1696 and 1697, he continued in all aforementioned Employments, including Admiral of the Fleet, though he wasn't at sea. Sir George Rooke's Commission as Admiral and Commander of the Fleet dated 28th of April 1696, making him paid as a Supernumerary Admiral of the Fleet for these two years. He passed his Contingent Account of nineteen thousand pounds by Sign Manual, as the Navy Board refused to pass it due to lack of Regular Vouchers and some extraordinary articles such as the gratuity to the person who brought him the Jewel from the King of Spain valued at 7000 Pistoles, the Apothecary's Bill, and fees to the Physician who attended him during his sickness at Alicant, hire of his house, coach-hire, expenses on the road, and so on. He passed his Victualling Account of eighty thousand pounds without Regular Vouchers by Privy-Seal.\nSir Martin Westcombe, Commissioner of the Prizes at Cadiz, paid approximately Ninety thousand Pounds to him for Prizes, an amount that has never been accounted for publicly.\n\nHe disregarded imprisoning the Genoese captains until they had purchased their Passes.", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1705, "creation_year_latest": 1705, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase2"},
{"content": "THE COURT AND CITY VAGARIES, OR INTRIGUES, OF BOTH SEXES. Written by one of the fair sex.\n\nI have detected the fair criminal, and found out your little wanton frauds in concealing a legitimate birth from me, my dear Idalia. But upon second thoughts, I am satisfied with your modesty for denying me the privileged of assisting your labor and congratulating you upon so hopeful an issue. Had I suspected you so near your time, I should have attended the first cry and looked upon the offspring with all the forward and officious sentiments of a friend. You could have had no ways to defend yourself from my partiality to your cause but by maintaining a privacy. I traced you in every feature; each beauteous lineament confessed the happy mother; but still I was at a loss. The kindly stamp betrayed the innocent original; and I was often feeling the goddess through the thin drapery. You are so happy.\nmy charming Idalia, in your native charms, you will never covet borrowed ornaments. There's no altering your charms; the least manly stroke would take from their softness, adding a disagreeable varnish to the tender colors you have laid on. The sole fault I find in you is that you have moralized at an age of innocent liberties. It crosses upon nature to see a young philosopher in petticoats giving cautions against experiments, that every young lady should be acquainted with, to guard herself against future insults. Such adventures as you represent in your first scene might be acted to improvement, had not a dishonorable bully been the first aggressor. The only way to know the artifices of perfidious men is to converse with them at large; and the affected vows and tenderness of that sex should be decently known, before the regular attacks in an honorable way for life. Go on, my fair maid.\nIn pursuit of these amorous pursuits, chastise the barbarous part of our sex, but indulge the harmless advances of a well-mannered suitor, and make Damon and Pastora happy from age twenty to thirty.\n\nI shall begin with a remarkable event that recently occurred, which I hope may serve as a caution to all young ladies who industriously seek knowledge of evil with a pious intention to avoid it.\n\nAminda and Ciladira, two very handsome, well-bred, religious young women of the highest rank in the city, ladies of the nicest reputation, which may be observed in their grave looks and sedate behaviors, and I believe deserve the character of honorable women. They are kept under great restraints by their parents. This, along with a natural desire to add new conquests to a crowd of admirers, has put them in the humor of regaling themselves in private, and, as opportunity serves, to go in search of adventures.\nThese ladies, known for their amusements which have been successful for some time both at home and abroad, have become even more determined in their conduct, holding firm to their opinions. They are frequently seen at Hyde Park under the supervision of Ciladira's mother. One day, having managed to secure the coach for themselves on an exceptionally pleasant day, they decided not to waste time and opportunity. They gave orders to be set down at a relation's in Westminster. After a brief visit, they dismissed the coach with a message that they were obliged to stay there for supper and would take a hack to return home. They had another excuse prepared for the lady of the house for leaving in such haste, and they made their way to St. James's-Park, where they had not long been.\nBefore they had the pleasure of attracting all eyes and undoubtedly heard many sighs and whispers as they moved through the crowd of beaux fluttering around them: all of which were considered good omens, though none had yet dared to approach them. At last, one more daring than the rest drew near, kept pace, and curiously surveyed and attended to their movements. They took the hint, viewed him as strictly as he viewed them, and by his garb, air, and deportment, easily perceived him as they imagined, to be of quality. He had not waited long for an opportunity to introduce his discourse; this was, to resolve something they were disputing on. The ladies, bent on a frolic, if they liked the person who should make an attempt, were not very hard to access, and especially to such a fine gentleman as this, they endeavored to make themselves as pleasing and agreeable as possible. The hero was so absolutely charmed by their appearance and conversation.\nHe believes himself no longer on Earth or these are real Goddesses, descended from their Celestial Habitations, not only to dazzle the eyes and inflame the hearts, but to punish all who dare approach them. In the darkness, he claps down on his knees, closes his hands, and implores pardon for his sacrilegious attempt. The girls, seeing themselves idolized, began to think they were Diana and Pallas; but upon further reflection, they found they had reason to confess themselves mere mortals, subject to human frailties. Damon found it difficult to believe they were mortal, but, finding their company did not displease him, he ventured from one degree to another to come to a better understanding with them. He knew the worldly ways, or at least the baser part, and easily judged who he had to deal with. Their innocence and rank.\nWe were visible in our Persons and Behaviors; so he had no need to search, but took opportunity on all occasions to let them understand his quality. At dinner with the Duke of [name], a nobleman answered him, \"My Lord,\" or \"Your Lordship may command me on all occasions,\" and so on, with many entertaining stories. After some time spent in this agreeable manner, the ladies were obliged to think of returning home. Damon eagerly presses for the honor to hand them into their coach. They answered that it had already been dismissed and that he should therefore spare himself the unnecessary trouble. He then offers them his chariot and equipage that waited, and to complete the victory, he declared that Aminda had gained over his heart, and that he himself would attend at her chariot wheels. This great compliment and condescension, in a person of this distinction.\nserved to increase her good opinion and esteem of him. However, this offer could not be accepted for several reasons, which he allowed himself to be convinced of; but still persisted in his design of conducting them safely home, and pretended he must step aside and leave orders with his servants where to wait on him afterwards. He was no sooner gone, but Aminda began to extol his person and extraordinary qualifications to the highest degree imaginable, and said she found so much difference between the conversation of a man of quality and that of a private gentleman, that indeed she believed she should hardly prevail with herself hereafter to make the latter a tolerable civil answer, if he should ever attempt to make love to her. Whether Aminda had really a truer taste, or whether it was envy towards her companion because he addressed himself more particularly to her, she could not believe him what he appeared to be; and would have continued on this subject.\nAminda would not encourage such dishonorable impressions. By this time, Damon had returned and hurried them into a hackney-coach he had prepared. They were unable to be seen as the windows were drawn up. Damon entreated them to allow him to treat them with jellies and ice-creams at White's Chocolate House. With many persuasions, they grew easy and extremely delighted. The spark then recommended innocent diversions above all things and railed at impertinent old women. These women, because they were past the enjoyments of life, were envious of those who ought to possess them and rendered pleasures dangerous and pernicious with frightful ideas, devised to keep fools in ignorance and consequently under their jurisdiction. But so much beauty, with all the perfection nature could bestow.\nI was not given them with the intention of being buried in Oblivion. And to depart from the world, just as I came into it, would serve little purpose. Those strong arguments overcame all the weak ones they could bring in opposition, and at last were obliged to yield the debate, resign to his discretion for that time, and allow themselves to be conveyed to a tavern in the Haymarket. I beg the ladies' pardon for speaking so very plainly; but if they can keep their own countenance and refrain from blushing, it shall never go farther for me. After a splendid entertainment and an abundance of compliments passed on all sides, it grew late, and the ladies were very uneasy to be going home. He said it was too early yet, desires them to take off their glasses with cheerfulness and be thankful. This speech gave them the first alarm; but they did not know whether to take it as jest or earnest. He goes on, and bids them consider between themselves.\nAminda and Ciladira questioned whether they would both or one go home with him to his lodgings. With great indignation, they asked what he meant and who he took them for. He replied, \"Look here, Ladies, you may put on disguises and give yourselves what airs you please; but at this time, you have missed your aim. I know the world too well to be imposed upon. You'll guess by this time Aminda began to regret her choice of a lover, and Ciladira was as much enraged that her judgment had been neglected. She gave her friend a severe reprimand for drawing her into the snare contrary to her own inclinations, which perhaps their utmost care and politicks could not disentangle. Aminda tried to overpower him with harsh words, but finding this strategy failed. Aminda, dragging Ciladira towards the strand, pinched and tormented her grievously. Ciladira pursued as fast as she could.\nAnd they both joined their prayers and entreaties in vain to this inflexible barbarian. He replied that when he encountered such women, he knew how to deal with them. They had urged him to spend a great deal of money, which he could employ much better. He swore he would have satisfaction one way or another before they parted, and therefore gave them three choices: go and lie with him all night, be secured in the round-house, or return all the money he had deposited on their accounts. Ciladira was glad to find they might have their liberty on this last condition and asked how much they owed him. He answered, five guineas. She was then at a loss, knowing at that time they had scarcely one between them. But she said, if he would let them know where to direct, she would send the money to him the next day without fail. This scoundrel had no notion of honor.\nHe found it pointless to make such proposals to him. He saw them well-dressed and adorned with jewels, particularly Aminda, whom he made his ward. Like a true infernal, he never ceased to torture and afflict her, tearing her fine lac'd laplets and ruffles to rags. He observed that Ciladira had only a gold watch and diamond ring, which he asked her to leave in his custody until she could fulfill her promise. But she was unwilling to do this, and he ordered her to pawn them at a tavern in St. Martin's-Lane, where he had dragged them with the intention of taking them to that round-house if other projects failed. By this time, the watch had been notified, and they were hastening to secure them all. Ciladira prevented this by declaring their innocence and their misfortune in such a moving manner, along with a little money to drink to her health. She prevailed upon them to withdraw. In this confusion, she procured the money and delivered it to him immediately, demanding her companion.\nWho stood trembling, lamenting, and almost dying in the hands of her persecutor. He told her they had not settled all matters yet, but for her part, since she had paid for his expenses, he was content to allow her to go home when she pleased. However, for this saucy jilt, he had another reckoning to make with her, both for her insolence and his loss of time, which she must account for before they parted. This last demand struck them into the greatest horror and despair imaginable, while he redoubled his oaths to make her a public example. Ciladira, who had a truly brave and compassionate soul, disdaining the mean considerations of self-preservation, chose rather to undergo present inconveniences and the hazard of future advantages than to abandon her friend in distress. Bully answered that the thing depended on herself; the diamond cross which hung, as a needless addition, around her neck.\nOn her more illustrious Bosom, Aminda would pawn ten Guineas to purchase her liberty. Aminda was distraught with the thought of losing her beloved ornaments, to which she was so devoted, that she would endanger her eternal reputation and suffer all the punishment he could inflict rather than part with any one of them. Ciladira, knowing her temper and resolution, went and guarded her watch, as she had before her ring, and was returning when a gentleman seized her in his arms, calling her angel and goddess with many such speeches. She was on the verge of fainting at the repetition of what had betrayed her to this; but seeing some promising appearances in him, she cast herself at his feet and begged he would pity a distressed maid. He was deeply moved by her request; and looking upon her with a more different regard than those accustomed to such disorders, generously offered his assistance against all insults or affronts that might be offered her.\nA cavalier, who was a colonel in the army and possessed honor and real courage, having been resolved to protect and defend Ciladira with the last drop of his blood, comforted her. Ciladira was pleased to encounter a knight-errant, but to prevent a quarrel and avoid exposure, she put the guineas into his hand, thanked him profusely, and was about to depart. The sharper was satisfied with this, especially when he saw a gentleman who claimed to be a near relation and, suspecting something more than ordinary, took hold of his hand and inquired why he had received that money. The poor fellow, who dared not contend with anyone but those who could not defend themselves, turned pale as death, shrank back, and only said the ladies were very welcome. He bowed.\nAnd he wished he could have served them further. Ciladira was glad this passed, lest he discover anything to their disadvantage. He said their obligations to this gentleman were for freeing them from the clamor of a hackney coachman who had imposed greatly and, not having enough money about them, he had been so kind to lend them a crown, which was what he saw her return. This passed well on all sides, and the Spark made off as fast as he could, thoroughly glad of this night's success. The colonel begged to escort them home, and did not fail to make abundant compliments by the way for the honor they had done, in admitting him rather than the other. But having cast his eyes on Aminda and observing her clothes so disordered and her looks so sorrowful, he imagined she had suffered foul play, and with difficulty brought them to confess their ill usage.\nThough they carefully omitted that part of the story reflecting on their conduct. He scolded them severely for not allowing him to recover their losses and punish the villain. At parting, he strongly urged Ciladira to write him a letter, addressed to Man's Coffee-house; she promised to do so as a grateful acknowledgment for the service he had done them, and I suppose went to bed sufficiently mollified with their adventure.\n\nAmong all my acquaintance, I never observed anyone so completely whimsical and remarkable, and this is what they call something entirely out of the way, as Lady Tuneal. She is a woman of quality, a great pretender to virtue, wit, and discretion, with a mixture of philosophical notions, and thus she may justifiably style herself \u2013 a person \u2013 altogether distinguishing. And though she is a professed man-hater, yet, through the solicitations of her friends, she has been prevailed upon to enter into a conjugal state.\nShe was unhappy with this situation, but fortunately, after a few years, she was released from the man whom she disliked so much and became the center of all her uneasiness and disquiets. She openly declares her dislike and ill opinion of all women who do not share her sentiments on the same occasion, and can never believe that a woman of virtue will not consider it her greatest blessing to be freed from those filthy, useless, lumbering male-creatures. She has only one daughter, heiress to a plentiful fortune, and deserving in every way. However, her ladyship does not seem to find joy in her or anything this earth produces, except for her most dearly beloved spinet; to which she is entirely devoted, thinking every moment lost that is not spent on the improvement of this out-of-fashion musical instrument. She not only makes a living from it, but\nas though her future happiness depended on it, she suffers nothing to interfere; but if she is obliged, albeit with great regret, to receive what she calls impertinent visits, she is forced to stay up very late, sometimes even the whole night, before she can make a repetition of all her tunes; which she never fails to do, before she sleeps. She has a singular method in everything she says and does, and is attended by an imperfection, I suppose rather habitual than natural; which generally proves the greatest hindrance to her employment or diversion. That is, she can never speak of the least thing or give any necessary orders in her family without an abundance of unnecessary words, and will fetch every thing so very far around that it's impossible to guess what she aims to conclude in. Every one of those words must be distinctly uttered, with a pause which lasts a minute or more, according to how much time she requires to sigh and breathe in; so that one has lost the beginning of the sentence.\nBefore learning the latter, a lady called on me to wait on Lady Tuneal. We found her engaged in her usual pastime, but in a more pleasant temper than usual. As soon as she observed us preparing to leave, she began to implore us to stay, declaring that she truly esteemed us as persons of discretion; and therefore hoped we would dispense with formalities and decorums that might not suit her convenience at that time. Having been much disturbed in her music that day, she would be obliged to stay up late, which was always detrimental to her health. We begged her ladyship to treat us as she would her daughter or her attendants. After being entertained agreeably for some time with several new tunes, which she was never lacking, at the set time according to her custom, which was as unalterable as the laws of the Medes and Persians, Lady Tuneal thanked us for our company and expressed her hope that we would visit her again soon.\nShe rings her bell, and Mrs. Smart, her woman, asks for her ladyship's pleasure. She begins, \"Smart, I have called you with intention to consult about supper. I proposed several things suitable for the night, but my lady looks frightened, turns pale, and protests that she has given me the spleen to a great degree by mentioning such gross meats at this unseasonable hour. She recovers her breath to cry out, 'Smart, you are a person of a healthy constitution; but when a person has lived so long with a person of quality, there might be gathering up some fragments of sense, at least enough to distinguish them from the commonality. But to speak plainer still, though with great difficulty, for want of breath and the loss of time, which to me is always precious, though not so with you, and the thoughtless world; yet, I do say, you might have distinguished mine from vulgar appetites; have spared me all these considerations.\"\nAnd she had brought something ready, suitable to my delicacy and tenderness, as a cordial to revive decaying spirits. Smart answered her lady, saying she had named what was proper in all cases, and dared say, if the truth were known, her ladyship herself had designed the supper she intended, and only urged all this to try if she could divine. But if she would give her command in a word, she would obey at once. The lady replied,\n\n\"Why, truly, Smart, I have observed you to be a person always ready and furnished with a stock of spirits, and so consequently always in a hurry. And since you insist that I name the thing, I desire you'll step down into the kitchen.\"\nAnd leave orders with the cook to make me half a porringer of water-gruel. Smart, not a little glad to receive the message, was going in all haste to deliver it, when her lady calls her back. With a charge to let it be thin, very thin. She was no sooner dispatched with these second orders, but was again recalled to take a more strict one yet, which was, that it must not exceed half a porringer, but rather abate something of half a porringer, and to be sure that it be poverty-gruel. After this, she shook her fingers on the spinet with greater vehemence than ever; which put her into such disorders, that she was obliged to desist and recover strength by sighing and gasping afresh.\n\nFinding her lady in such extremities, Smart proposed to have a spoonful of sack in the gruel as a comfortable cordial. Upon which, she sinks into her chair, struggles for new life.\nAmongst the failings that attend this Lady, and indeed several others of our sex, this one seems most predominant: their excessive curiosity about those things they appear to have the greatest aversion to. I shall discuss this in more detail later.\n\nAnd she professed that she was absolutely overcome only with the name of those\u2014strong\u2014stupefying\u2014adulterated\u2014debauched\u2014liquors. After she had supped, we took our leaves; but had the honor to receive an invitation to dine with her the week following. She hoped there was no need to make apologies for our not eating with her then, as being persons of hail constitutions, those evening-refreshments were needless. And made no doubt but that we had already learned to know, that when nature is arrived at its full growth, and no visible signs of decay, those superfluous nourishments serve not only to create or increase the ill humors in the body, but to raise and cherish ill dispositions in the mind.\nAnd it is what every truly virtuous Woman ought to overlook and endeavor to keep herself in ignorance of; but perhaps they agree with those Words Mr. Dryden makes Lucifer speak in his State of Innocence:\n\nFor to know good, is good, and therefore fit,\nAnd to know ill, is good, for shunning it.\n\nNo doubt but these Words were very effective for his design, and, among others of that nature, had their desired effect; but, on the contrary, as to the latter part, I believe it safer, as much as possible, to remain ignorant of all things that tend to evil.\n\nHaving been a little indisposed the last week, I had the honor to receive visits from several of my acquaintance, most of them being Persons of Distinction and Merit. They gave me pleasure in their conversations and encouraged me to entertain a better opinion of myself than ordinary, as finding I am not wholly neglected; I mean by those of my own sex.\n\nAfter the first compliments ended.\nLady Quicksight broke the silence. \"If it isn't impertinent of me to entertain your company, I'll share an observation I made on my way through the Mall. I answered, Your Ladyship will oblige me greatly in sharing it in a more agreeable manner than I am capable of. She made a gracious response and continued,\n\nYou may know, or at least have heard of, a certain gentleman, mentioning his name, a great statesman, though not particularly addressed in this present Parliament, as he was before the late Revolution in the ministry. I observed him in a thoughtful mood, taking several short walks in the park, and was frequently met by a nurse with four or five children, who made no missed opportunity to curtsy to him. However, he was ignored for a long time. At last, the nurse devised another strategy and ordered the children to form a body and attack him as a compliment.\nWhile she led him up the Rear, this unusual salutation called him from his political contemplations. He saw them very pretty and well-dressed, and was extremely pleased with their manner of addressing him. He asked the nurse if she belonged to them, and said he had never seen such fine children in his life. Imagining their parents to be considerable, he desired to know whose they were. The nurse answered, \"Sir, they are yours, and live in the same house with you.\" Are they? said the father. Indeed, I did not know it, nor do I remember ever seeing one of them before.\n\nBut however, to let the nurse see he did not disbelieve what she told him, and that he approved of her manner of discipline, he gave her a guinea and ordered her to take them home. It's very strange to me, continued Lady Quicksight, that a gentleman, who is both a good husband and a good father, and makes it his endeavor to raise great fortunes for his children, should be so extremely bigoted to public affairs.\nA certain Colonel of the Guards, city extraction, had an inclination towards gallantry and went on two or three campaigns to Flanders in pursuit of honor, until he lost the little fortune he had. He eventually returned home and purchased the commission he now holds. This man has a wife and two children, whom he has made such strangers to him that he now barely believes they exist in the world, and hardly recognizes them when he encounters them. If any of his more considerate companions remind him, he swears it's all an imposition, and, knowing the disadvantages he has put them in, hopes he has bullied them out of a just maintenance.\nmakes no doubt in a little time but to bully them out of their just claim, without giving any sufficient reasons for what he says or does. Such a man must needs be esteemed heroic, who can thus bravely contend and triumph over a weak woman and young children, because he has put it out of their power to defend themselves! And if he achieves his ends, I desire we may all petition the Parliament to have him publicly acknowledged and treated as a victorious conqueror. Delamine would have proceeded farther, but the whole company unanimously begged her to lay aside that subject, he being the common theme of discourse for that, or something equally as ridiculous. Though at the same time all owned he had once been a very pretty fellow, and so might have continued, if he had not taken those methods to make himself despised by all the rational world. While they were thus busy in remarks on others, striving who should be most heard, I thought it better manners to give attention to\nThey interrupted my speech until at last they told me I had not spoken a word since they entered the room. I replied, being conscious of my own inabilities and showing due respect to those who honored me with their presence, I could gain more advantage by being a listener than a speaker. However, rather than cause any disgust with my silence, I would venture to pass judgment of a contrary nature; and for lack of something more agreeable, I shall relate an odd occurrence that recently happened to me. The ladies all begged to hear it, and Lady Quickwit exclaimed, \"I hope you are not in love; I never thought you inclined to that temperament.\" Not at all, Madam, I replied. Your Ladyship is more discerning than the vain coxcomb who misconstrued me; though upon hearing my story, perhaps you'll say I had as great a share of vanity as he.\n\nYou must know there is a gentleman who has come to lodge in our neighborhood.\nWho takes every opportunity to let me know he is resolved to keep a very strict survey over my actions and behaviors, so that I am under the greatest restraints imaginable. I can't stir abroad, move in my own apartment, or receive company without his immediate information. He is perpetually lurking in his window with his eyes fixed here, making it impossible for anything to slip his knowledge. As for myself, there is nothing worth remarking. But what perplexes me is poor Amelia. She had appointed to call on me for the opera; and since we don't frequently attend those places, she was eager not to miss any part of the entertainment. Having been dressed in a great hurry, she took a sudden whip from the coach to hasten me down the stairs; but she had the misfortune to drop her shift at the door, which hung in her petticoats and was intended to be left at home. Upon this, the spark burst out into downright laughter.\nThough he tried to suppress it, her servant handed the matter to my maid's care. You can imagine, Ladies, the shame and confusion this caused us. It grew worse when we encountered him at our backs in the theater, where I assume he amused himself at our expense as soon as we had taken our seats. Amelia has not returned since, and I make as few appearances as possible. And is that the only reason? asked Lady Quicksight. When you first mentioned your neighbor, I assumed there was more to it. I thought it more ingenious to volunteer the information myself. That is, Madam, I said, what I am about to tell you: This very gentleman, finding me making every effort to avoid him and knowing it would be difficult for him to see me anywhere but at church, managed to be in the same pew with me every Sunday and always placed himself next to or opposite me, constantly staring at me.\nand using several irreverent gestures, which gave me abundant uneasiness. If, to prevent being stared at, I turned my head on one side, he took occasion to dash his foot against mine, with the design to set it right again; so that I was obliged to keep my eyes fixed on my fan or look directly over him to the parson. I have observed ladies of the highest quality and in the royal chapel itself do not throw away a look or misemploy a thought in such a way, but are at full liberty to compare jewels, receive and entertain one another with as much freedom and as great an air of gallantry, as in the drawing-room or a ball at court. The only refuge I had under these restraints was kneeling; but I'll assure you, my spark is more a gentleman and better bred than to kneel at church or show the least devotion; though at the same time I dare say he would not think it beneath him to adore and prostrate himself at the feet of an insignificant mortal.\nIn hopes of drawing her to her ruin, he may only be despised and laughed at; this is the just reward for such endeavors. When I rise, he is officiously offering his hand, providing opportunity to squeeze mine; and, in short, has made all imaginable advances. It was impossible for me to suppose him otherwise than a lover, though he had not spoken one word yet; but that passed for want of assurance, and I expected he would gain courage enough to make a declaration of his passion. I had no inclination to accept his proposals, though he had a pretty estate and considerable place under the government; yet I did not know if he might expect I would take it as an honor. Therefore, I studied a long time for an answer to the imaginary letter he might send me.\n and contriv'd it so as he could not think me imperious or fantastical, or that my Refusal was meant in Affront to him, I thought it best to say, that a Sense of my own Imperfections had occasion'd me to vow Celibacy some Time since, as knowing I am unworthy to be belov'd. This Letter lay by me so long, that I began to despair of e\u2223ver having Use for it, and grew a little di\u2223sturb'd, least the Product of my Studies should be lost: But one Evening I had Notice, that the Gentleman's Foot-man over the way had brought a Letter, and would deliver it only to my self. Upon first hearing, I confess I was in twenty Minds, whether to send this I had by me, or not: At last, I found it would be a considerable Time before I could accomplish another, and that I had no more\nto do with this, but to seal and direct it, and by that Means gain the Reputation of a Woman of a quick Thought. I took his Let\u2223ter, said I would step up and read it, and send down an Answer immediately. The Fel\u2223low told me very briskly\nMadam,\nIt is with infinite regret that I have prevailed upon myself to disclose a secret that I fear will cause you much uneasiness. I implore you, for your own sake, to suppress your growing passion for me, which has been apparently manifest by those tremblings and emotions which naturally seize you at my approach. I regretfully inform you that I am engaged in an affair instigated by my friends before I had the honor of knowing you. It is a consideration of your merit that prevents me from letting you languish under a fruitless expectation of what may never be in my power to gratify. I hope you are as good a Christian as to bear this disappointment patiently.\nAnd be assured, though I cannot, there is nothing in the world I desire more than to be Yours entirely. It took a long time for me to recover from the surprise this letter gave me, and I was truly disappointed to find that one cannot blush for another's impudence without being misinterpreted as love. At first, I considered writing to correct his mistake, but upon reflection, I realized that showing any regard would only increase his vanity and lessen my own dignity. The next day, which was Sunday, I dressed myself in the best clothes I had and went to church with a lighter air than usual. I had not been there long before I had the pleasure of finding that my opposite had met with a greater disappointment than I, and I could have laughed at his folly if it seemed worth the effort. However, to do justice to both sides,\n\nCleaned Text: And be assured, though I cannot, there is nothing in the world I desire more than to be Yours entirely. It took a long time for me to recover from the surprise this letter gave me. I was disappointed to find that one cannot blush for another's impudence without being misinterpreted as loving him. At first, I considered writing to correct his mistake, but upon reflection, I realized that showing any regard would only increase his vanity and lessen my own dignity. The next day, which was Sunday, I dressed myself in the best clothes I had and went to church with a lighter air than usual. I had not been there long before I had the pleasure of finding that my opposite had met with a greater disappointment than I. I could have laughed at his folly if it seemed worth the effort. However, to do justice to both sides,\nI can't entirely escape punishment for my pride; for in taking off my hood that day, the weather being grown cool, I got a very great cold, which keeps me in my chamber at this time. The ladies laughed at my love, and by this time I suppose they were pretty tired and took their leave. I shall not undertake to give a circumstantial account of the unfortunate differences that arose not long after Sir Bounce Sparkit's marriage with his lady. Though her virtue, beauty, and every merit were his chief inducements to enter into the matrimonial state, yet, through the instigations of his pretended friends and her enemies, he soon grew to an indifference, and afterwards to a neglect or rather ill-use, of the only person in the world who entirely loves and maintains an inviolable fidelity to him. Sir Bounce is one of those who places his whole felicity in himself and does not require the additions a good wife is capable of giving.\nHe made life easy for himself and, since he neither gives nor receives reasons for anything, he recently withdrew to a separate apartment to devote himself to gallantries. Meanwhile, his abandoned spouse has the leisure to lament her misery or seek revenge for her injuries, though I believe she never entertained such thoughts. Instead, she made every effort to win back her husband's fleeting passion. One morning, she went to his chamber, where she found him preparing to ride. With the sweetest looks and most obliging terms, she said she had come for breakfast and the pleasure of an hour's conversation if he permitted it. He answered with a haughty and angry expression that she had chosen an incorrect time for seeking his company.\nA Lady was anticipating a gentleman's summons to Hide-Park and was warned that if she displayed any signs of duty and prudence, she must retire immediately. The Lady grew irritated by her cold reception and the gentleman's ingratitude, and she boldly told him that his warnings were unnecessary and that she expected him to fulfill his duty as she had hers. Sir Bounce ordered her not to speak, but she defied him and he commanded his valet to lead her to her own apartment. She resented this insult deeply and, upon parting, she told him, \"It is not long since you would have gone down on both knees to obtain my blessing.\" Disheartened, she sought solace with Olympia, a young relative and confidante who lived with her, revealing all her grievances to her. Olympia tried to lift her out of her melancholy and told her,\nA husband's love is not worth preserving, and she, being a true coquette, declares she can never value any man farther than to have the glory of a conquest. Covetous of this glory, she cannot bear the thoughts of a cavalier who is not her professed adorer, and never fails to play the tyrant after she has once gained a captive. She requires Lady Sparrow abroad to divert her. One morning, not in a humor to dress, they walked in dishabille to make choices they had occasion for at a miliner's in the Pall-Mall. After they had been there some time, they were returning home to dinner when Olympia, whose eyes are always open to gay appearances, spied a fine young gentleman with his head laid down to sleep in a tavern window; the sash being up, and another standing by with a whip under his arm. Upon this, she cried, \"Look, my dear.\"\nLady Sparkit recalled seeing her husband put on that fine lac'd coat to ride out in the morning. This other man was the expected friend he had mentioned. Concluding they had returned, she assumed they would dine together. While her thoughts were occupied, the man who stood gave his companion a nudge. The other man woke up, looked at them, and smiled. Both recognized Sir Bounce and his wife. Lady Sparkit was pleased with his friendly expression and began to hope that his mind might change. However, to avoid arousing suspicion, she was about to leave in a hurry. But Olympa, who had an inclination to look back, saw Sir Bounce beckon and make signs for them to wait until he was ready to join them. Lady Sparkit was delighted by his apparent eagerness to join their company.\nAnd had already doomed the Stranger her slave. She told Lady Sparkit that she was confident Sir Bounce was growing impatient to reconcile; and because she did not want to seem to have any designs, she told her that she now had a fair opportunity to secure her happiness; which, if lost, might never be retrieved. Since it was her husband who made this pressing invitation, she ought not to stand upon decorums or raise any objections against the decency of the place, especially since she knew him to be a man of such a temper who could be obliged by nothing but an entire obedience and resignation to his will and pleasure, though it might seem unreasonable to the world. Lady Sparkit was very inclined to comply with these reasoning, but again feared his designs might not be as good as they initially imagined. While she remained thus dubious and slowly moving homewards, Philaret, who was the young stranger, pursued and overtook them. He only bowed and offered her his hand to lead them back.\nShe asked why Mr. Sparkit wouldn't come himself, and he replied, \"Madam, I barely managed to convince him to allow me this honor.\" In passing, she inquired about the park and if they had brought any other company. He answered appropriately. When they reached the tavern, she saw four or five strange footmen standing with their hats off. She assumed they might belong to the gentleman who was escorting her up the stairs, while Olympia followed. They had not quite reached the top when the other gentleman rushed to meet them. Philaret called out, \"My Lord Newlove, if you were aware of the blessing, you would hurry to assist me in ushering up these ladies.\" Upon this, they realized their mistake, but it was too late. Olympia ran down as fast as she could, but Lady Sparkit, not having the freedom to leave, clung to the banisters and fainted. After they had brought her into the room.\nThey took great care and diligence to revive her, and she came to life quickly. However, upon finding herself in the arms of the man she had mistaken for her husband, she was on the verge of fainting again, had they not convinced her through their behaviors and solemn promises that she would be safe with them, even more so than with the closest relative she had. But this did not appease the disappointed lady; she urgently begged for her freedom, while they, with unresisting air and profound respect, implored her to stay. By this time, Olympia had recovered from her fright and returned to inquire about her friend. Philaret was informed and, with an abundance of arguments and assurances, managed to persuade her to join them. Lady Sparkit's beauty, graceful manner, and modest carriage had captivated Lord Newlove.\nHe called her his destined charm, sent from the gods to claim an unconquered heart. He believed himself the luckiest man on earth if she would allow him to dedicate it eternally to her service. Lady Sparkit received these advances with the coldness and neglect that is natural to a prepossessed mind, and though she had no other obligations to her husband than that of being so, she found her virtue a sufficient guard against the most powerful assaults. Lord Newlove was a young nobleman, truly heroic, and graced with all the additions of art and nature that could conspire to make him irresistible. He had a peculiar method of making love that insidiously stole upon the hearts of those present, as well as the person addressed, and never failed to make her envied, even by a sister or bosom friend. In the meantime, Philaret, who was no less deserving, a relation and sworn brother to Lord Newlove, also vied for her affections.\nentertained Olympa with all the respect and good manners becoming a cavalier to a fine young lady; yet, though she was very desirable, he did not find himself absolutely in love with her, but kept his eyes and thoughts fixed on Lady Sparkit, who always proves most attractive to the real judges of perfections. On the other hand, Olympia made him suitable returns, and was so transported between the charms she saw in Lord Newlove and that of a rival's rage and resentment, that she had no leisure to mind the cool application Philaret made to her, which seemed rather through restraint than inclination: a treatment she had never been accustomed to, and what was directly contrary to the sentiments she had of herself; but finds now, to her great anxiety, it was not impossible to love, even where she is likely to continue disregarded; the greatest mortification that can befall a coquette. As these two lovers sympathize in all things.\nTheir thoughts were equally focused on devising strategies for this new affair, with the same eagerness to persist that is common in a new romance. They had forgotten the original reason for their visit, which was to dine with two honest men who had endured the hardships of camping for several years. One of them had lost an eye and an arm in the process, whom they had accidentally met in Hide-Park and had already arranged to dine with when the ladies first saw them. However, the appointed time had arrived, and the brothers of the sword had finished their business and were armed. In a surprising manner, the first brother took one step towards Lady Sparkit and placed his hat under his arm, exclaiming, \"My Lord, permit me to kiss your girl.\" The lame brother greeted Olympia in a familiar way. The ladies, being unfamiliar with such greetings, were taken aback.\nLord Newlove was astonished by their behavior and the ladies were on the verge of fearing for their lives due to their apprehensions of them. Newlove, with becoming anger towards Camper's insolence regarding the ladies' modesty, gave him a severe reprimand. He assured them of his protection and fidelity, but without revealing their identities. Dinner was served on the grand table, and the ladies were unable to disengage themselves. While the courtiers were busy officiating and admiring in silence, the soldiers entertained the company with an account of their military discipline, requesting permission to regale them with their martial music, which was refused. After dinner, Lord Newlove and Philaret approached Lady Sparkit.\nWith all the awe and adoration they showed her, as if she were a deity from whom they expected their immediate fate; she modestly evaded this, while Campers placed his batteries at Olympae. After several vigorous assaults, which proved ineffective, he was forced to lift the siege. Both then retired, so that Philaret, in terms of breeding towards Olympia, is obliged to yield to his powerful rival and give him opportunity for all the advances that are possible for such an assailant to make over a heart that can't remain completely insensible of his merits. In spite of all her virtue and reason, he prevailed so far as to obtain her consent for a second meeting. This, though innocently meant, had the misfortune to be overheard by Philaret and Olympia, who regarded this adventure as a conspiracy against her universal empire. And though before this unfortunate incident she dearly loved Lady Sparkit, in the height of rage and resentment, she is ready to sacrifice her to her revenge.\nIt being entirely in her power, as she best knows her husband's true motivations for his indifference; and that if she failed in her desired attempt, she is already assured of having him as her vassal whenever she pleases to command it, though the affection she bore to her cousin had hitherto prevented her from taking any advantages of that nature. Lady Sparkit is now desirous to be gone, and Lord Newlove, who is so transported with the hopes of future happiness, is ready to obey her harshest commands. Together with Philaret, they conducted her thus far.\n\nIt's been about three or four months since a very worthy gentleman, a Member of Parliament, had occasion to be at a periwig-maker's shop in the Strand. There he chanced to spy a fine young lady alight from a hackney-coach, having been brought by a very handsome gentleman, to make a visit to an intimate friend of hers.\nA country lady, who was lodging at the next house, walked up the stairs followed by her footman, carrying several parcels she had purchased. She intended to seek her friend's advice on making up the clothes for her upcoming marriage with the young cavalier who had escorted her there. The marriage was scheduled for the following week. The country lady, named Mirtilla, urged the financial manager of a mantua-making business, who lived two floors above, to create the clothes. Clarinda agreed and gave her instructions.\n\nMeanwhile, our grave statesman, left contemplating the recent angelic vision in the adjacent shop, found himself suddenly plunged into a passion he had never experienced before, at least to such a degree, despite being nearly fifty years old. However, he was so consumed by love.\nA man, resolved to grant his desire on any terms whatsoever, considered proposals of marrying her with all imaginable speed. If his person was not the most amiable, yet his other qualifications, along with a great estate and title of Sir J---, he knew were great inducements to a prudent young lady, especially if she had no great fortune. He began to think of no objection, unless the beautiful Adonis who returned with her, as he imagined, might prove to be a lover. But on second thought, he fancied such a resemblance in their faces that he concludes they were brother and sister. Scornfully asking no other questions than the name of the lady who lodged next door, he was answered vainly, the people not knowing of any other in that house. This was enough for the hasty lover. He immediately flies into his chariot and gives orders to go home instead of the play or coffeehouses.\nHe spent the remainder of that day and night contriving the best means to introduce his passion. At times, he was ready to go and throw himself at her feet; but then considered that, being a stranger, such an action might seem too rash and surprising. He eventually decided to write first to ask permission to visit her. The following morning, he wrote to her in the softest terms, informing her of his name, rank, circumstances, and above all, his great love and unyielding resolve to make her his wife. He expressed his eagerness to know when he might be allowed to kiss her hand and concluded himself as the most submissive suitor she had ever had. This letter was dispatched to Madam Vainly at her lodgings and delivered with great ceremony. Vainly received it very civilly and returned the compliment as well as she could.\nWith her most humble service; if he pleased to come there next day at six in the evening, she would do herself the honor to attend him. Never was a woman so pleasantly surprised as she was at this welcome letter. She read it over and over, and fancied every compliment in her praise to be substantial truths. But upon consulting her looking-glass more than ordinary, she finds herself altogether irresistible and is ready to fly into a passion at the rest of the stupefied world that could not distinguish her charms after sixty-three years of time. She now begins to consider her admirer; though she had never seen him in her life, yet is extremely in love with him for several reasons. His quality, estate, and honorable intentions to make her great, are powerful motives; but yet she adores him more, if possible, for his penetrating judgment. The title of ladyship transports her to the last degree. She conclces every thing done and is the happiest woman in the world.\nShe grows eager in her own imagination to relate her conquest and chooses Mirtilla as her confidant and adviser. Mirtilla is surprised by the gentleman's choice but, being a well-meaning country lady, is pleased by her neighbor's good fortune and hopes for a merry time at the wedding. She offers her apartment for him to use if he prefers it over his own, which he accepts willingly. Clarinda, who had the greatest share in the affair, is ignorant of all that passed and comes innocently the next day to visit Mirtilla to inquire if her wedding clothes are almost finished, as she has only a few days left. Upon entering the house, she finds everything changed.\nMirtilla was mostly the same woman as before, but Absolutely was transformed into another creature. She had just been adorning herself to maintain an eternal conquest; sometimes playing her fan with the awful air of some great lady-visitor, now and then tuning up her musical voice to the softest words she could think on. Clarinda was struck speechless in her thoughts at this sudden alteration, but seeing Vainly look so very stately, she could not muster the courage to ask any question, nor dare so much as name the work she expected to have seen done. Mirtilla, observing Clarinda's surprised and thoughtful look, was in pain to have the news told, as was Clarinda to hear it; so she makes an excuse to call her into the next room, where she unfolded the mystery. Clarinda could hardly believe it at first hearing; but Mirtilla asserted the truth with \"yea verily,\" and \"in deed.\" This happened as Vainly had wished; for she was often on the verge of revealing it herself, but deferred.\nClarinda thanked Mirtilla for her help, expressing her pleasure with their conversation and assuring that she had no secrets to keep from her. She hoped they would become better acquainted and often invited them to join her in her coach to Hide-Park. However, she was preoccupied with many matters and didn't know where to begin. Since they were both entering similar circumstances, she urged them to assist each other and make the best use of their time. She instructed Mirtilla to send her clothes to the Mantoa-woman for her wedding garments at that time. In return, Mirtilla was to find a lady's maid who was well-versed in her duties.\nAnd she knows how to maintain a proper distance; for she is certain she cannot endure a familiar wretch. But now the time of expectation draws near; the ladies are better bred than to be interrupting, so take your leave together to spend the evening at Clarinda's lodgings. They had not been gone for half an hour when a fine chariot and equipage, with a much more fine gentleman, stopped at the door. In vain did she know it could be nothing less than her admirer; she ran in all haste to meet him at the stairs. After the usual compliments to a woman of her appearance, he asked if Mrs. Vainly was at home: She told him yes and that her name was such. He supposed her to be the mother and said it was the young lady he meant, who had done him the honor to return such and such an answer upon his taking the liberty to write to her the day before. She assured him she was the very person he meant; that there was no other of that name in that house; and for further confirmation\nA man takes the letter from her bosom. He begged ten thousand pardons, saying he was mistaken in the name. For that letter was meant for another lady of about the same age, with such hair, eyes, and every feature. He proceeded to describe her very dress, but this was not enough to convince her. She was not above eighteen, had just such eyes, and if he would come up to the light, he would find her every way agreeable, if not exceed the other he spoke of. But alas! it was not in her power to charm and persuade him one inch farther. Poor Vainly was perfectly confounded by this unexpected treatment, and labor lost. Between grief, pride, and resentment, he was on the verge of breaking out into loud complaints, and offered to detain him by force. This obliged the mistaken lover to take very abrupt leave, extremely perplexed by the disappointment, but not without hopes that a little more caution and industry would succeed.\n may at last bring him to the real Object of his Admiration: But I under\u2223stand Vainly came pretty even with him afterwards; which I'll refer to some other Paper, when I am better inform'd of that Part of the Story.\nFINIS.", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1700, "creation_year_latest": 1710, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase2"},
{"content": "TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF KENT, Lord Chamberlain of Her Majesty's Household, &c.\n\n THIS POEM Is humbly addressed,\n By Your Lordship's Most Obedient and Most Humble Servant. Mary Pix\n\n Dark Chaos reign'd ere green the Earth was spread,\n And Nature seem'd beneath the rubble dead;\n Then Light and Heat confus'd together lay,\n And gave no promise of approaching Day:\n Till the Great Word delighted to create,\n Ordain'd the various chain of certain Fate.\n\n What we call Change, discerning mortals know,\n In the first Cause was fixed, and must be so:\n Fortune and giddy Chance, vain words alone,\n In wiser, happier Ages never known.\n\n The Almighty Wisdom spoke, and all around\n Great Nature heard, and bless'd the awful Sound.\n The Sun was call'd to adorn the fragrant East,\n Nor sleeps he fanned by Zephyr's in the West,\n Since first he roll'd along the azure Sphere,\n And swiftly measur'd the revolving Year:\n No peaceful end his active race has found,\n Still fleeting on in one perpetual round.\nMoisture and cold to the distant North were hurled,\nAnd beautiful Order graced the new-made world:\nThen Man was made vice-monarch of the whole,\nOf angel form, with an immortal soul.\nBut though over creatures he extends his sway,\nOf higher trust, yet human flesh is clay,\nAnd mortal frames to pristine dust decay:\nVirtue and vice within the sullen grave,\nSink below thought, and no distinction have.\nVainly the hero would his laurels boast,\nIf with his life they withered and were lost:\nBut Heaven that wills great acts should live entire,\nStruck forth a spark of the celestial fire;\nAnd styled it Muse, the sovereign queen of fame,\nWhose tuneful art records each noble name:\nShe sings the illustrious virtues of the great,\nAnd makes them dear to each succeeding state.\nWhile in return to her immortal song,\nThe great and good protect her humble throng:\nBlessed with their smiles the Muse new flights\naspires,\nRedoubles all her strengths, and kindles all her fires.\nAnd when her patron she would strive to sing,\nShe calls it her Train and mounts upon the Wing.\n'Tis you, my lord, in this high office stand,\nThe great protector of the Muse's land:\nYou their paladin, whose consenting smile\nWill make them flourish in their much-loved isle.\nWhen ignorance, their blind inveterate foe,\nSeeks their disgrace and would their peace o'erthrow,\nYour power can drive the threatening mists away,\nDefend their laurels in this stormy day,\nAnd all their trophies at your feet they'll lay:\nThey claim in you a faithful vassal's right,\nYou're made for them and music to delight.\nThe vulgar world who huddled up in haste,\nLack the distinguishing discerning taste;\nAffect not tuneful numbers, moving strains,\nThey hate the Muse, and them the Muse disdains.\nYou she adores, nor blush, great sir, to find,\nThe daring Muse claims kindred with your mind.\nThe favorite king whom all the world admired,\nWas by the soft harmonious Muse inspired;\nHe struck the sacred lyre, and straight around,\nInfernal specters fled the heavenly sound.\nLeft the tormented soul and cleft the trembling ground. It is we who trace poetry and music,\nAnd find them both of bright, immortal race.\nFrom beneath they surely derive their birth,\nThose who slight their power and hate them here on earth.\nOwn them, my lord, they're worthy of your care,\nYour leisure hours to their diversion spare.\nI heard them sigh and long to sound your name,\nAnd write it large in the great book of fame.\nSleeping beneath Apollo's verdant shade,\nThe virgin tree to poets sacred made,\nI thought the Muse descended gay and fair,\nWreaths ever young confined her flowing hair;\nHer feet were even, and her wings were spread,\nHer voice had power to animate the dead;\nIn her smooth hand an open scroll she bore,\nInscribed with names I oft had seen before;\nImmortal Homer, Virgil most divine,\nThe poets of the Greek and Latin line,\nBut turning quick, I found the British race,\nA numerous stock, and filled a glorious space;\nChaucer and Spencer were preserved with care,\nBut Dryden did in capitals appear.\nI saw her plain and trembled at the sight,\nFierce was her look, refulgent was her light.\nAh, glorious Muse, I cried, raised with surprise!\nQueen of my heart, and wonder of my eyes!\nComest thou to me, the meanest of thy train,\nWhose artless numbers oft thy fires profane?\nHear and obey,\nshe said, go string thy lyre,\nAnd let the mighty theme thy breast inspire:\nTell noble Kent I smiling read his fate,\nAnd crowding joys shall on his wishes wait.\nTo every bright auspicious star I pray'd,\nTo dart the kindest influence on this head.\nHereditary honors now he wears,\nBut greater still shall bless his coming years.\nNext to the Paphian queen I made my request,\nThat his soft hours might be with beauty blest,\nThe bliss that does all other joys improve:\nFor what is life without the cordial love?\nThe charming goddess with my suit complied,\nAnd gave the fairest nymph to be his bride.\nAdorned her form with each peculiar grace,\nAnd copied chast perfection on her face.\nLucina too her fruitful gifts did shed.\nAnd little cherubs bless the genial bed,\nTitles, flowing wealth, and pompous state,\nShow him the just, the happy, and the great.\nWhat can be added to exalted bliss?\nWhat's left to wish for in a life like this?\nAs rivers, joys to his accession flow,\nHe can no more receive but to bestow.\nSo Egypt's Nile surmounts the swelling sand,\nAnd bears its plenty to the barren land.\nOld Rome, five ages wonder and delight,\nBy me attained her envied, matchless height:\nHer amphitheaters by my sons were raised,\nSome gave the structures, some their founders praised;\nI both their heroes and their poets fired,\nThey fought, ruled, and wrote as I inspired.\nGo, warm great Kent, with generous thoughts like these,\nWho guards my rites shall never fail to please.\nSickness and shame o'ertake that sullen race,\nWho fly my altars and my shrines deface:\nBut he will save you from their gloomy hate,\nAnd to preserve is held as to create.\nTo him, ye drooping throng, your griefs apply,\nHe'll hear your wrongs, and no just suit deny.\nCome all ye Swains and fill the warbling choir,\nLet tuneful rage the loftiest strains inspire,\nLet Earth and Air resound Great Anna's name,\nTo listening winds and crowding waves proclaim,\nAnna's glory, and your patrons' fame.\nLong may she live, and every blessing prove,\nWith victory crown'd, and with her subjects' love.\nWhile Loyal Kent the harmonious train commands,\nAnd takes the garlands from their grateful hands:\nMyriads of honors circle round his head,\nSuch as may far exceed the illustrious dead.\nBlessed be his days, and to the worlds above,\nOh, let him live ye sacred powers remove.\nThus spoke the Muse, and vanished from my view.\nAt your feet I lay the humble tribute due.\nFinis.", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1705, "creation_year_latest": 1705, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase2"},
{"content": "It is certain and apparent to all considering people that the greatest troubles afflicting this Nation, and indeed most of Europe, for over 150 years have stemmed from or been promoted by controversies concerning matters of religion known as Popery. These controversies arose from or were occasioned by the usurpations, corruptions, and scandals of the Papacy and Papal Faction, which many of the most learned and truly religious persons in all nations had complained about long before. Therefore, it cannot be denied that there was a great need for a Reformation when what is now called such began.\nAnd it is certain that although a Free General Council was earnestly desired by princes and people, by laity and clergy, for an orderly Reformation, it was more than 20 years delayed before any session could be had. It was then continued and kept on foot for 18 more years before it was concluded. During this time, instead of reforming or composing differences, many of the complaints were established, and the differences made irreconcilable, while the authority of this Council was maintained. This Council consisted of 270 prelates in total. Of these, 187 were Italians, most of whom were very ignorant, and only 83 were from all other nations. Some were only titular and mere agents for the Papacy. Many were indigent pensioners to the Pope, and only a part, and a small part, of those at most sessions attended. Such was this Free General Council.\nBut it is certain and apparent that the necessary work of Reformation was disorderly managed, leaving it an imperfect work with much deformation in all parts where it has been promoted. Though the fault for this may be largely charged to the perverseness and obstinacy of the Papal Faction, it is also true, as evidenced by the continuing differences and contentions among all pretenders to Reformation. Though they are ready to join against the Papists as their common enemy, these two parties are like two mastiffs wrestling with each other, neither able to gain the victory due to faults on both sides and something of truth on each side that sustains them. Neither is persuaded to see, or if they do see, to reform what is amiss on their side, allowing truth alone to prevail.\nThe faults are, on one side, Papal corruptions and innovations maintained as Catholic Truth, which is Real Popery distinct from what is truly Catholic; on the other, Catholic 'Truth opposed as Popery, which is Mistaken Popery. And the irresistible Truth between them both, what is truly Catholic, cannot withstand. Therefore, wherever it is retained without Mixture, though by never so small a Party, it cannot be resisted with any Evidence of Truth or sound Reason, or opposed with anything but Force and Violence, or Falsehood, Lies, and Calumnies.\n\nI myself, by the Grace and secret Conduct of God, have had considerable Experience, and given a sensible Experiment, and such a Manifestation of his Truth against the Corruptions on each side, that neither have been able to gainsay or resist.\nOne side has not been able to withstand the Power of Truth, but with most shameful Lies and Calumnies. This is one of the greatest Evidences of a powerful Conviction. The other side could not maintain or defend their own Cause with true Catholic Principles or other than false and sophistical Arguments, as I have already partially shown in my True Account, &c., and will more fully to undeniable Conviction, if I may have that Encouragement which is but reasonable and necessary.\n\nIt is true, violent Prejudice against Mistaken Popery has brought forth no less Mischief, Scandal, Shame, and Confusion in these Nations than real Popery has in other parts of Europe. But it is Real Popery that has been the Original and continues to be the Incitement for that Prejudice and Jealousy, which has produced these violent Proceedings.\nAnd though a just and complete cure of the prejudice against mistaken popery in itself would be the most effective cure for the real issue, not only in these nations but in neighboring France as well; yet since that is hard to remove, there is a necessity that the application be more effectively to that of real popery, and that completely achieved will of itself allay the prejudice and facilitate the cure of the other as well.\n\nThis necessity is brought upon us by the craft and policy of the Papal Faction and their agents, who know very well that if those faults on our side were healed, they would have nothing against us, nor be able to withstand such a complete and prevalent testimony against them. And this is the true reason why divers zealots for the Roman Faction, who were sensible of this secret, looked upon King Charles I.\nand Arch-Bishop Laud, and others, were considered their greatest enemies because they were aware of the mistake and tried, as much as the people's madness allowed, to correct it. This would have significantly endangered their cause, leaving them with nothing solid to defend it. The Representer, my Visitor, in his pretended Letter from a Dissenter to the Divines of the Church of England, sought a Union. He aimed not only to satisfy his personal revenge by portraying the learned Divine of the Church of England, who had exposed and answered his stolen goods, as a Papist in disguise, but also to serve the faction's public interest by reviving and stirring up the old jealousy and prejudice that had previously benefited it. For the same reason, some of them treated me not as a friend but as a dangerous person to them.\nAnd this consideration ought to move all serious anti-papists to be wary of this prejudice, lest they inconsiderately promote their designs while they think to oppose them, as Mr. Baxter has rightly observed they often do. The true reason why all the means hitherto used have been no more effective is because they have been too violent and unnatural, and not skillfully applied as they ought to have been. Their nobility and gentry, and the rest of the laity, are persons of as much sense and reason, honor and virtue, as others. And if there was but opened a fair retreat to them; and then the deceitfulness of their principles sufficiently explained, we should then find them as willing to be eased of the burdens as the nation. Two things very reasonable and easy to be granted would enable any person well qualified to do this work effectively; an account will be ready to be given to whom it is proper.", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1705, "creation_year_latest": 1705, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase2"},
{"content": "WHEREAS great numbers of artificers, members of the company, have been trained in the art or mystery of making cabinets, scrutores, tables, chests, and all other sorts of cabinet-work in England. In recent years, they have achieved such great perfection in this field that it surpasses all of Europe.\nSeveral merchants and others trading to the East Indies have, in recent years, had patterns and models of all sorts of cabinet goods made in London and sent to the East Indies. The English fashion, created by our models, poses a great danger of ruining the trade in England. These merchants and others, who trade to and from those regions, have so inundated these kingdoms with imported commodities and spoiled the exportation of joinery and cabinetmaking work to foreign parts that apprentices and journey-men of these trades, including carvers, turners, coppersmiths, glaziers, sawyers, and others, are rendered largely useless. If not addressed promptly, this situation will leave joiners, cabinet-makers, and thousands of other poor artisans dependent on them in a deplorable condition, either perishing from lack of work or being supported by their parishes.\nAND in lieu of an abundance of Foreign Commodities, which the said joiners and cabinet-makers were obliged to use in their Trade, English woollen Manufactures were Exported. As a result, the kingdom in general gained from this.\nAND the youth of this Nation, who are now learning and will continue to enter handicraft trades, will be under the same misfortune if, when their trades are brought to perfection, their models are carried to India and manufactured there.\nTHE following Goods, manufactured in India, have been Imported within the past four years: 244 cabinets, 6,582 tea-tables, 428 chests, 70 trunks, 52 screens, 589 looking-glass frames, 655 tops for stands, 818 lacquered boards, 597 sconces, and 4,120 dressing, comb, and powder boxes.\n\"Besides several recent Sales of the said Cabinet-Network, with large quantities involved, and expected daily in the future. Therefore, it is hoped that this Honorable House will intervene for the relief of these poor artisans, the Joiners and Cabinet-Makers.\"", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1700, "creation_year_latest": 1710, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase2"},
{"content": "During King Charles II's reign, the French had a near-monopoly on sail cloth production, with Holland producing very little. However, the Dutch significantly improved this industry and reached great perfection, now supplying all neighboring countries with canvas for sails. The French have lost this trade as a result. Holland earns above \u2082hundr thousand pounds annually from this commodity in trade with England. Encouraging sail cloth production in England, which is already underway in several regions and has been brought to perfection, could prevent this. It is hoped that this consideration merits the favor and support of this Honorable House.\nThe establishment of this Manufacture will improve England's lands and employ thousands of the poor by setting them to work, allowing them to maintain their families and support the wives of seamen and soldiers, absent abroad in the King's service, through earnings in the spinning trade. Over two hundred are currently employed in one such venture near this city, with many more in the countryside.\n\nIf this Manufacture receives encouragement at home, during any war with Holland, we may then produce sailcloth of our own, which otherwise may be difficult to obtain in sufficient quantities for equipping the Navy Royal for sea.\nIf making this Manufacture and bringing it to perfection, we will significantly reduce our trade imbalance with Holland, an issue that is one of the greatest evils we face, and prevent the expenditure of a great sum from going abroad. Instead, we can employ it at home in one of the best and most useful manufactures for this nation. Therefore, if this Honorable House sees fit, it is proposed that additional duty be imposed on all imported sail cloth, and that His Majesty be encouraged to buy all English-made sail cloth for the Navy, provided it is of equal quality to Holland's cloth, and give preference to it. This encouragement is not doubted to enable the manufacturers of this commodity to supply the nation domestically, as well as the plantations abroad, within a few years.\nNote: Sail cloth, upon importation, is always recorded as Vittery Canvas, rated to pay 5s subsidy and 2s 6d additional duty. After deducting 5% and 10% duties, it pays 6s 8d for every hundred ells, equivalent to fifteen pounds for sale here.\n\nObserve, this commodity pays little above 2%, whereas other unrated commodities now pay at a value of 10 l. per cent.\n\nReasons for Encouraging the Production of Sail Cloth in England instead of importing from Holland:", "creation_year": 1705, "creation_year_earliest": 1696, "creation_year_latest": 1713, "source_dataset": "EEBO", "source_dataset_detailed": "EEBO_Phase2"}
]