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19 34 T cell receptor protein_type Hotspot autoimmune T cell receptor binding underlies pathogen and insulin peptide cross-reactivity TITLE
66 73 insulin chemical Hotspot autoimmune T cell receptor binding underlies pathogen and insulin peptide cross-reactivity TITLE
46 69 T cell antigen receptor complex_assembly However, the mechanisms that allow the clonal T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to functionally engage multiple peptide–major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC) are unclear. ABSTRACT
71 74 TCR complex_assembly However, the mechanisms that allow the clonal T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to functionally engage multiple peptide–major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC) are unclear. ABSTRACT
108 150 peptide–major histocompatibility complexes complex_assembly However, the mechanisms that allow the clonal T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to functionally engage multiple peptide–major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC) are unclear. ABSTRACT
152 156 pMHC complex_assembly However, the mechanisms that allow the clonal T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to functionally engage multiple peptide–major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC) are unclear. ABSTRACT
49 54 human species Here, we studied multiligand discrimination by a human, preproinsulin reactive, MHC class-I–restricted CD8+ T cell clone (1E6) that can recognize over 1 million different peptides. ABSTRACT
56 69 preproinsulin protein Here, we studied multiligand discrimination by a human, preproinsulin reactive, MHC class-I–restricted CD8+ T cell clone (1E6) that can recognize over 1 million different peptides. ABSTRACT
80 83 MHC complex_assembly Here, we studied multiligand discrimination by a human, preproinsulin reactive, MHC class-I–restricted CD8+ T cell clone (1E6) that can recognize over 1 million different peptides. ABSTRACT
29 39 structures evidence We generated high-resolution structures of the 1E6 TCR bound to 7 altered peptide ligands, including a pathogen-derived peptide that was an order of magnitude more potent than the natural self-peptide. ABSTRACT
47 54 1E6 TCR complex_assembly We generated high-resolution structures of the 1E6 TCR bound to 7 altered peptide ligands, including a pathogen-derived peptide that was an order of magnitude more potent than the natural self-peptide. ABSTRACT
55 63 bound to protein_state We generated high-resolution structures of the 1E6 TCR bound to 7 altered peptide ligands, including a pathogen-derived peptide that was an order of magnitude more potent than the natural self-peptide. ABSTRACT
66 89 altered peptide ligands chemical We generated high-resolution structures of the 1E6 TCR bound to 7 altered peptide ligands, including a pathogen-derived peptide that was an order of magnitude more potent than the natural self-peptide. ABSTRACT
20 30 structures evidence Evaluation of these structures demonstrated that binding was stabilized through a conserved lock-and-key–like minimal binding footprint that enables 1E6 TCR to tolerate vast numbers of substitutions outside of this so-called hotspot. ABSTRACT
149 156 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Evaluation of these structures demonstrated that binding was stabilized through a conserved lock-and-key–like minimal binding footprint that enables 1E6 TCR to tolerate vast numbers of substitutions outside of this so-called hotspot. ABSTRACT
30 37 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Highly potent antigens of the 1E6 TCR engaged with a strong antipathogen-like binding affinity; this engagement was governed though an energetic switch from an enthalpically to entropically driven interaction compared with the natural autoimmune ligand. ABSTRACT
60 94 antipathogen-like binding affinity evidence Highly potent antigens of the 1E6 TCR engaged with a strong antipathogen-like binding affinity; this engagement was governed though an energetic switch from an enthalpically to entropically driven interaction compared with the natural autoimmune ligand. ABSTRACT
150 174 major histocompatibility complex_assembly T cells perform an essential role in adaptive immunity by interrogating the host proteome for anomalies, classically by recognizing peptides bound in major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules at the cell surface. INTRO
176 179 MHC complex_assembly T cells perform an essential role in adaptive immunity by interrogating the host proteome for anomalies, classically by recognizing peptides bound in major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules at the cell surface. INTRO
64 79 highly variable protein_state Recent data supports the notion that, to perform this role, the highly variable αβ T cell antigen receptor (TCR) must be able to recognize thousands, if not millions, of different peptide ligands. INTRO
80 106 αβ T cell antigen receptor complex_assembly Recent data supports the notion that, to perform this role, the highly variable αβ T cell antigen receptor (TCR) must be able to recognize thousands, if not millions, of different peptide ligands. INTRO
108 111 TCR complex_assembly Recent data supports the notion that, to perform this role, the highly variable αβ T cell antigen receptor (TCR) must be able to recognize thousands, if not millions, of different peptide ligands. INTRO
69 73 TCRs complex_assembly This ability is required to enable the estimated 25 million distinct TCRs expressed in humans to provide effective immune coverage against all possible foreign peptide antigens. INTRO
87 93 humans species This ability is required to enable the estimated 25 million distinct TCRs expressed in humans to provide effective immune coverage against all possible foreign peptide antigens. INTRO
29 33 TCRs complex_assembly Several mechanisms, by which TCRs could bind to a large number of different peptide-MHC (pMHC), have been proposed. INTRO
76 87 peptide-MHC complex_assembly Several mechanisms, by which TCRs could bind to a large number of different peptide-MHC (pMHC), have been proposed. INTRO
89 93 pMHC complex_assembly Several mechanisms, by which TCRs could bind to a large number of different peptide-MHC (pMHC), have been proposed. INTRO
0 10 Structures evidence Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
14 23 unligated protein_state Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
28 35 ligated protein_state Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
36 40 TCRs complex_assembly Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
61 64 TCR complex_assembly Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
65 99 complementarity determining region structure_element Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
101 104 CDR structure_element Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
106 111 loops structure_element Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
178 182 loop structure_element Structures of unligated and ligated TCRs have shown that the TCR complementarity determining region (CDR) loops can be flexible, perhaps enabling peptide binding using different loop conformations. INTRO
5 8 MHC complex_assembly Both MHC and peptide have also been shown to undergo structural changes upon TCR binding, mediating an induced fit between the TCR and pMHC. INTRO
13 20 peptide chemical Both MHC and peptide have also been shown to undergo structural changes upon TCR binding, mediating an induced fit between the TCR and pMHC. INTRO
77 80 TCR complex_assembly Both MHC and peptide have also been shown to undergo structural changes upon TCR binding, mediating an induced fit between the TCR and pMHC. INTRO
127 130 TCR complex_assembly Both MHC and peptide have also been shown to undergo structural changes upon TCR binding, mediating an induced fit between the TCR and pMHC. INTRO
135 139 pMHC complex_assembly Both MHC and peptide have also been shown to undergo structural changes upon TCR binding, mediating an induced fit between the TCR and pMHC. INTRO
29 35 murine taxonomy_domain Other studies, mainly in the murine system, have demonstrated that the same TCR can interact with different pMHCs using a common or divergent modality. INTRO
76 79 TCR complex_assembly Other studies, mainly in the murine system, have demonstrated that the same TCR can interact with different pMHCs using a common or divergent modality. INTRO
108 113 pMHCs complex_assembly Other studies, mainly in the murine system, have demonstrated that the same TCR can interact with different pMHCs using a common or divergent modality. INTRO
24 30 murine taxonomy_domain Recent studies in model murine systems demonstrate that TCR cross-reactivity can be governed by recognition of a conserved region in the peptide that allows tolerance of peptide sequence variation outside of this hotspot. INTRO
56 59 TCR complex_assembly Recent studies in model murine systems demonstrate that TCR cross-reactivity can be governed by recognition of a conserved region in the peptide that allows tolerance of peptide sequence variation outside of this hotspot. INTRO
34 39 human species We recently reported that the 1E6 human CD8+ T cell clone — which mediates the destruction of β cells through the recognition of a major, HLA-A*0201–restricted, preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24) — can recognize upwards of 1 million different peptides. INTRO
138 148 HLA-A*0201 protein We recently reported that the 1E6 human CD8+ T cell clone — which mediates the destruction of β cells through the recognition of a major, HLA-A*0201–restricted, preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24) — can recognize upwards of 1 million different peptides. INTRO
161 174 preproinsulin protein We recently reported that the 1E6 human CD8+ T cell clone — which mediates the destruction of β cells through the recognition of a major, HLA-A*0201–restricted, preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24) — can recognize upwards of 1 million different peptides. INTRO
175 189 signal peptide structure_element We recently reported that the 1E6 human CD8+ T cell clone — which mediates the destruction of β cells through the recognition of a major, HLA-A*0201–restricted, preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24) — can recognize upwards of 1 million different peptides. INTRO
191 206 ALWGPDPAAA15–24 chemical We recently reported that the 1E6 human CD8+ T cell clone — which mediates the destruction of β cells through the recognition of a major, HLA-A*0201–restricted, preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24) — can recognize upwards of 1 million different peptides. INTRO
28 49 HLA-A*0201–ALWGPDPAAA complex_assembly CD8+ T cells that recognize HLA-A*0201–ALWGPDPAAA have been shown to populate insulitic lesions in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). INTRO
25 28 TCR complex_assembly We demonstrated that the TCR from the 1E6 T cell clone bound to HLA-A*0201–ALWGPDPAAA using a limited footprint and very weak binding affinity. INTRO
55 63 bound to protein_state We demonstrated that the TCR from the 1E6 T cell clone bound to HLA-A*0201–ALWGPDPAAA using a limited footprint and very weak binding affinity. INTRO
64 85 HLA-A*0201–ALWGPDPAAA complex_assembly We demonstrated that the TCR from the 1E6 T cell clone bound to HLA-A*0201–ALWGPDPAAA using a limited footprint and very weak binding affinity. INTRO
126 142 binding affinity evidence We demonstrated that the TCR from the 1E6 T cell clone bound to HLA-A*0201–ALWGPDPAAA using a limited footprint and very weak binding affinity. INTRO
86 91 human species This first experimental evidence of a high level of CD8+ T cell cross-reactivity in a human autoimmune disease system hinted toward molecular mimicry by a more potent pathogenic peptide as a potential mechanism leading to β cell destruction. INTRO
9 15 solved experimental_method Here, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 altered peptide ligands (APLs) determined by our previously published combinatorial peptide library (CPL) screening, 2 of which mapped within human pathogens. INTRO
20 29 structure evidence Here, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 altered peptide ligands (APLs) determined by our previously published combinatorial peptide library (CPL) screening, 2 of which mapped within human pathogens. INTRO
37 44 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Here, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 altered peptide ligands (APLs) determined by our previously published combinatorial peptide library (CPL) screening, 2 of which mapped within human pathogens. INTRO
52 75 altered peptide ligands chemical Here, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 altered peptide ligands (APLs) determined by our previously published combinatorial peptide library (CPL) screening, 2 of which mapped within human pathogens. INTRO
77 81 APLs chemical Here, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 altered peptide ligands (APLs) determined by our previously published combinatorial peptide library (CPL) screening, 2 of which mapped within human pathogens. INTRO
122 167 combinatorial peptide library (CPL) screening experimental_method Here, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 altered peptide ligands (APLs) determined by our previously published combinatorial peptide library (CPL) screening, 2 of which mapped within human pathogens. INTRO
194 199 human species Here, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 altered peptide ligands (APLs) determined by our previously published combinatorial peptide library (CPL) screening, 2 of which mapped within human pathogens. INTRO
6 10 APLs chemical These APLs differed from the natural preproinsulin peptide by up to 7 of 10 residues. INTRO
37 50 preproinsulin protein These APLs differed from the natural preproinsulin peptide by up to 7 of 10 residues. INTRO
8 14 solved experimental_method We also solved the structure of each unligated APL to investigate whether structural changes occurred before or after binding — which, combined with an in-depth cellular and biophysical analysis of the 1E6 interaction with each APL, demonstrated the molecular mechanism mediating the high level of cross-reactivity exhibited by this preproinsulin-reactive human CD8+ T cell clone. INTRO
19 28 structure evidence We also solved the structure of each unligated APL to investigate whether structural changes occurred before or after binding — which, combined with an in-depth cellular and biophysical analysis of the 1E6 interaction with each APL, demonstrated the molecular mechanism mediating the high level of cross-reactivity exhibited by this preproinsulin-reactive human CD8+ T cell clone. INTRO
37 46 unligated protein_state We also solved the structure of each unligated APL to investigate whether structural changes occurred before or after binding — which, combined with an in-depth cellular and biophysical analysis of the 1E6 interaction with each APL, demonstrated the molecular mechanism mediating the high level of cross-reactivity exhibited by this preproinsulin-reactive human CD8+ T cell clone. INTRO
47 50 APL chemical We also solved the structure of each unligated APL to investigate whether structural changes occurred before or after binding — which, combined with an in-depth cellular and biophysical analysis of the 1E6 interaction with each APL, demonstrated the molecular mechanism mediating the high level of cross-reactivity exhibited by this preproinsulin-reactive human CD8+ T cell clone. INTRO
161 194 cellular and biophysical analysis experimental_method We also solved the structure of each unligated APL to investigate whether structural changes occurred before or after binding — which, combined with an in-depth cellular and biophysical analysis of the 1E6 interaction with each APL, demonstrated the molecular mechanism mediating the high level of cross-reactivity exhibited by this preproinsulin-reactive human CD8+ T cell clone. INTRO
228 231 APL chemical We also solved the structure of each unligated APL to investigate whether structural changes occurred before or after binding — which, combined with an in-depth cellular and biophysical analysis of the 1E6 interaction with each APL, demonstrated the molecular mechanism mediating the high level of cross-reactivity exhibited by this preproinsulin-reactive human CD8+ T cell clone. INTRO
333 346 preproinsulin protein We also solved the structure of each unligated APL to investigate whether structural changes occurred before or after binding — which, combined with an in-depth cellular and biophysical analysis of the 1E6 interaction with each APL, demonstrated the molecular mechanism mediating the high level of cross-reactivity exhibited by this preproinsulin-reactive human CD8+ T cell clone. INTRO
356 361 human species We also solved the structure of each unligated APL to investigate whether structural changes occurred before or after binding — which, combined with an in-depth cellular and biophysical analysis of the 1E6 interaction with each APL, demonstrated the molecular mechanism mediating the high level of cross-reactivity exhibited by this preproinsulin-reactive human CD8+ T cell clone. INTRO
32 36 APLs chemical The 1E6 T cell clone recognizes APLs across a large dynamic range. RESULTS
166 179 preproinsulin protein We have previously demonstrated that the 1E6 T cell clone can recognize over 1 million different peptides with a potency comparable with, or better than, the cognate preproinsulin peptide ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
188 198 ALWGPDPAAA chemical We have previously demonstrated that the 1E6 T cell clone can recognize over 1 million different peptides with a potency comparable with, or better than, the cognate preproinsulin peptide ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
57 61 APLs chemical From this large functional scan, we selected 7 different APLs that activated the 1E6 T cell clone across a wide (4-log) functional range (Table 1). RESULTS
23 33 MVWGPDPLYV chemical Two of these peptides, MVWGPDPLYV and RQFGPDWIVA (bold text signifies amino acids that are different from the index preproinsulin–derived sequence), are contained within the proteomes of the human pathogens Bacteroides fragilis/thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium asparagiforme, respectively. RESULTS
38 48 RQFGPDWIVA chemical Two of these peptides, MVWGPDPLYV and RQFGPDWIVA (bold text signifies amino acids that are different from the index preproinsulin–derived sequence), are contained within the proteomes of the human pathogens Bacteroides fragilis/thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium asparagiforme, respectively. RESULTS
116 129 preproinsulin protein Two of these peptides, MVWGPDPLYV and RQFGPDWIVA (bold text signifies amino acids that are different from the index preproinsulin–derived sequence), are contained within the proteomes of the human pathogens Bacteroides fragilis/thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium asparagiforme, respectively. RESULTS
191 196 human species Two of these peptides, MVWGPDPLYV and RQFGPDWIVA (bold text signifies amino acids that are different from the index preproinsulin–derived sequence), are contained within the proteomes of the human pathogens Bacteroides fragilis/thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium asparagiforme, respectively. RESULTS
207 244 Bacteroides fragilis/thetaiotaomicron species Two of these peptides, MVWGPDPLYV and RQFGPDWIVA (bold text signifies amino acids that are different from the index preproinsulin–derived sequence), are contained within the proteomes of the human pathogens Bacteroides fragilis/thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium asparagiforme, respectively. RESULTS
249 274 Clostridium asparagiforme species Two of these peptides, MVWGPDPLYV and RQFGPDWIVA (bold text signifies amino acids that are different from the index preproinsulin–derived sequence), are contained within the proteomes of the human pathogens Bacteroides fragilis/thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium asparagiforme, respectively. RESULTS
0 30 Competitive functional testing experimental_method Competitive functional testing revealed that the preproinsulin-derived sequence ALWGPDPAAA was one of the least potent targets for 1E6, with only the MVWGPDPLYV and YLGGPDFPTI demonstrating a similar low-activity profile in MIP-1β secretion and target killing assays (Figure 1, A and B). RESULTS
49 62 preproinsulin protein Competitive functional testing revealed that the preproinsulin-derived sequence ALWGPDPAAA was one of the least potent targets for 1E6, with only the MVWGPDPLYV and YLGGPDFPTI demonstrating a similar low-activity profile in MIP-1β secretion and target killing assays (Figure 1, A and B). RESULTS
80 90 ALWGPDPAAA chemical Competitive functional testing revealed that the preproinsulin-derived sequence ALWGPDPAAA was one of the least potent targets for 1E6, with only the MVWGPDPLYV and YLGGPDFPTI demonstrating a similar low-activity profile in MIP-1β secretion and target killing assays (Figure 1, A and B). RESULTS
150 160 MVWGPDPLYV chemical Competitive functional testing revealed that the preproinsulin-derived sequence ALWGPDPAAA was one of the least potent targets for 1E6, with only the MVWGPDPLYV and YLGGPDFPTI demonstrating a similar low-activity profile in MIP-1β secretion and target killing assays (Figure 1, A and B). RESULTS
165 175 YLGGPDFPTI chemical Competitive functional testing revealed that the preproinsulin-derived sequence ALWGPDPAAA was one of the least potent targets for 1E6, with only the MVWGPDPLYV and YLGGPDFPTI demonstrating a similar low-activity profile in MIP-1β secretion and target killing assays (Figure 1, A and B). RESULTS
224 230 MIP-1β protein Competitive functional testing revealed that the preproinsulin-derived sequence ALWGPDPAAA was one of the least potent targets for 1E6, with only the MVWGPDPLYV and YLGGPDFPTI demonstrating a similar low-activity profile in MIP-1β secretion and target killing assays (Figure 1, A and B). RESULTS
4 14 RQFGPDWIVA chemical The RQFGPDWIVA sequence (present in C. asparagiforme) activated the 1E6 T cell with around 1 log–greater potency compared with ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
36 52 C. asparagiforme species The RQFGPDWIVA sequence (present in C. asparagiforme) activated the 1E6 T cell with around 1 log–greater potency compared with ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
127 137 ALWGPDPAAA chemical The RQFGPDWIVA sequence (present in C. asparagiforme) activated the 1E6 T cell with around 1 log–greater potency compared with ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
38 48 RQFGPDFPTI chemical At the other end of the spectrum, the RQFGPDFPTI peptide stimulated MIP-1β release and killing by 1E6 at an exogenous peptide concentration 23 logs lower compared with ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
68 74 MIP-1β protein At the other end of the spectrum, the RQFGPDFPTI peptide stimulated MIP-1β release and killing by 1E6 at an exogenous peptide concentration 23 logs lower compared with ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
169 179 ALWGPDPAAA chemical At the other end of the spectrum, the RQFGPDFPTI peptide stimulated MIP-1β release and killing by 1E6 at an exogenous peptide concentration 23 logs lower compared with ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
55 59 pMHC complex_assembly The pattern of peptide potency was closely mirrored by pMHC tetramer staining experiments (Figure 1C and plots shown in Supplemental Figure 1; supplemental material available online with this article; doi:10.1172/JCI85679DS1). RESULTS
60 77 tetramer staining experimental_method The pattern of peptide potency was closely mirrored by pMHC tetramer staining experiments (Figure 1C and plots shown in Supplemental Figure 1; supplemental material available online with this article; doi:10.1172/JCI85679DS1). RESULTS
10 23 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical Here, the A2-RQFGPDFPTI tetramer stained 1E6 with the greatest MFI, gradually decreasing to the weakest tetramers: A2-MVWGPDPLYV and -YLGGPDFPTI. RESULTS
24 32 tetramer oligomeric_state Here, the A2-RQFGPDFPTI tetramer stained 1E6 with the greatest MFI, gradually decreasing to the weakest tetramers: A2-MVWGPDPLYV and -YLGGPDFPTI. RESULTS
104 113 tetramers oligomeric_state Here, the A2-RQFGPDFPTI tetramer stained 1E6 with the greatest MFI, gradually decreasing to the weakest tetramers: A2-MVWGPDPLYV and -YLGGPDFPTI. RESULTS
115 128 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical Here, the A2-RQFGPDFPTI tetramer stained 1E6 with the greatest MFI, gradually decreasing to the weakest tetramers: A2-MVWGPDPLYV and -YLGGPDFPTI. RESULTS
134 144 YLGGPDFPTI chemical Here, the A2-RQFGPDFPTI tetramer stained 1E6 with the greatest MFI, gradually decreasing to the weakest tetramers: A2-MVWGPDPLYV and -YLGGPDFPTI. RESULTS
55 67 thermal melt experimental_method To parallel the functional analysis, we also performed thermal melt (Tm) experiments using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) to investigate the stability of each APL (Figure 1D). RESULTS
69 71 Tm evidence To parallel the functional analysis, we also performed thermal melt (Tm) experiments using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) to investigate the stability of each APL (Figure 1D). RESULTS
91 131 synchrotron radiation circular dichroism experimental_method To parallel the functional analysis, we also performed thermal melt (Tm) experiments using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) to investigate the stability of each APL (Figure 1D). RESULTS
133 137 SRCD experimental_method To parallel the functional analysis, we also performed thermal melt (Tm) experiments using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) to investigate the stability of each APL (Figure 1D). RESULTS
176 179 APL chemical To parallel the functional analysis, we also performed thermal melt (Tm) experiments using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) to investigate the stability of each APL (Figure 1D). RESULTS
13 15 Tm evidence The range of Tm was between 49.4°C (RQFGPDWIVA) and 60.3°C (YQFGPDFPIA), with an average approximately 55°C, similar to our previous findings. RESULTS
36 46 RQFGPDWIVA chemical The range of Tm was between 49.4°C (RQFGPDWIVA) and 60.3°C (YQFGPDFPIA), with an average approximately 55°C, similar to our previous findings. RESULTS
60 70 YQFGPDFPIA chemical The range of Tm was between 49.4°C (RQFGPDWIVA) and 60.3°C (YQFGPDFPIA), with an average approximately 55°C, similar to our previous findings. RESULTS
74 91 tetramer staining experimental_method This pattern of stability did not correlate with the T cell activation or tetramer staining experiments, indicating that peptide binding to the MHC do not explain ligand potency. RESULTS
144 147 MHC complex_assembly This pattern of stability did not correlate with the T cell activation or tetramer staining experiments, indicating that peptide binding to the MHC do not explain ligand potency. RESULTS
4 11 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR can bind peptides with strong antipathogen-like affinities. RESULTS
65 69 TCRs complex_assembly We, and others, have previously demonstrated that antipathogenic TCRs tend to bind with stronger affinity compared with self-reactive TCRs, likely a consequence of the deletion of T cells with high-affinity self-reactive TCR during thymic selection. RESULTS
97 105 affinity evidence We, and others, have previously demonstrated that antipathogenic TCRs tend to bind with stronger affinity compared with self-reactive TCRs, likely a consequence of the deletion of T cells with high-affinity self-reactive TCR during thymic selection. RESULTS
134 138 TCRs complex_assembly We, and others, have previously demonstrated that antipathogenic TCRs tend to bind with stronger affinity compared with self-reactive TCRs, likely a consequence of the deletion of T cells with high-affinity self-reactive TCR during thymic selection. RESULTS
198 206 affinity evidence We, and others, have previously demonstrated that antipathogenic TCRs tend to bind with stronger affinity compared with self-reactive TCRs, likely a consequence of the deletion of T cells with high-affinity self-reactive TCR during thymic selection. RESULTS
221 224 TCR complex_assembly We, and others, have previously demonstrated that antipathogenic TCRs tend to bind with stronger affinity compared with self-reactive TCRs, likely a consequence of the deletion of T cells with high-affinity self-reactive TCR during thymic selection. RESULTS
35 42 1E6 TCR complex_assembly In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
43 48 bound protein_state In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
61 74 preproinsulin protein In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
84 94 ALWGPDPAAA chemical In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
113 121 affinity evidence In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
148 153 human species In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
174 177 TCR complex_assembly In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
215 217 KD evidence In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
228 230 KD evidence In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
232 260 equilibrium binding constant evidence In accordance with this trend, the 1E6 TCR bound the natural preproinsulin peptide, ALWGPDPAAA, with the weakest affinity currently published for a human CD8+ T cell–derived TCR with a biologically relevant ligand (KD > 200 μM; KD, equilibrium binding constant). RESULTS
0 25 Surface plasmon resonance experimental_method Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
27 30 SPR experimental_method Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
48 55 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
56 60 pMHC complex_assembly Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
83 87 APLs chemical Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
131 147 binding affinity evidence Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
164 167 ΔG° evidence Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
204 208 EC50 evidence Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
325 355 Pearson’s correlation analysis experimental_method Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the 1E6 TCR–pMHC interaction for all 7 APLs (Figure 2, A–H) demonstrated that stronger binding affinity (represented as ΔG°, kcal/mol) correlated well with the EC50 values (peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) for each ligand, demonstrated by a Pearson’s correlation analysis value of 0.8 (P = 0.01) (Figure 2I). RESULTS
121 131 affinities evidence It should be noted that this correlation, although consistent with the T cell killing experiments, uses only approximate affinities calculated for the 2 weakest ligands. RESULTS
75 95 TCR binding affinity evidence First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
126 150 1E6 TCR binding affinity evidence First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
159 172 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
185 187 KD evidence First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
211 218 1E6 TCR complex_assembly First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
219 227 bound to protein_state First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
228 241 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
247 249 KD evidence First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
278 294 binding affinity evidence First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
330 334 TCRs complex_assembly First, the 1E6 T cell could still functionally respond to peptide when the TCR binding affinity was extremely weak, e.g., the 1E6 TCR binding affinity for the A2-MVWGPDPLYV peptide was KD = ~600 μM. Second, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDFPTI with KD = 0.5 μM, equivalent to the binding affinity of the very strongest antipathogen TCRs. RESULTS
11 18 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Third, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDWIVA peptide, within the C. asparagiforme proteome, with approximately 4-fold stronger affinity than A2-ALWGPDPAAA, demonstrating the potential for a pathogen-derived antigen to initiate a response to the self-derived sequence. RESULTS
19 27 bound to protein_state Third, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDWIVA peptide, within the C. asparagiforme proteome, with approximately 4-fold stronger affinity than A2-ALWGPDPAAA, demonstrating the potential for a pathogen-derived antigen to initiate a response to the self-derived sequence. RESULTS
28 41 A2-RQFGPDWIVA chemical Third, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDWIVA peptide, within the C. asparagiforme proteome, with approximately 4-fold stronger affinity than A2-ALWGPDPAAA, demonstrating the potential for a pathogen-derived antigen to initiate a response to the self-derived sequence. RESULTS
62 78 C. asparagiforme species Third, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDWIVA peptide, within the C. asparagiforme proteome, with approximately 4-fold stronger affinity than A2-ALWGPDPAAA, demonstrating the potential for a pathogen-derived antigen to initiate a response to the self-derived sequence. RESULTS
124 132 affinity evidence Third, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDWIVA peptide, within the C. asparagiforme proteome, with approximately 4-fold stronger affinity than A2-ALWGPDPAAA, demonstrating the potential for a pathogen-derived antigen to initiate a response to the self-derived sequence. RESULTS
138 151 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical Third, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQFGPDWIVA peptide, within the C. asparagiforme proteome, with approximately 4-fold stronger affinity than A2-ALWGPDPAAA, demonstrating the potential for a pathogen-derived antigen to initiate a response to the self-derived sequence. RESULTS
53 71 binding affinities evidence Finally, these data demonstrate the largest range of binding affinities reported for a natural, endogenous human TCR of more than 3 logs of magnitude (A2-MVWGPDPLYV vs. A2-RQFGPDFPTI). RESULTS
96 106 endogenous protein_state Finally, these data demonstrate the largest range of binding affinities reported for a natural, endogenous human TCR of more than 3 logs of magnitude (A2-MVWGPDPLYV vs. A2-RQFGPDFPTI). RESULTS
107 112 human species Finally, these data demonstrate the largest range of binding affinities reported for a natural, endogenous human TCR of more than 3 logs of magnitude (A2-MVWGPDPLYV vs. A2-RQFGPDFPTI). RESULTS
113 116 TCR complex_assembly Finally, these data demonstrate the largest range of binding affinities reported for a natural, endogenous human TCR of more than 3 logs of magnitude (A2-MVWGPDPLYV vs. A2-RQFGPDFPTI). RESULTS
151 164 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical Finally, these data demonstrate the largest range of binding affinities reported for a natural, endogenous human TCR of more than 3 logs of magnitude (A2-MVWGPDPLYV vs. A2-RQFGPDFPTI). RESULTS
169 182 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical Finally, these data demonstrate the largest range of binding affinities reported for a natural, endogenous human TCR of more than 3 logs of magnitude (A2-MVWGPDPLYV vs. A2-RQFGPDFPTI). RESULTS
15 23 affinity evidence To confirm the affinity spread detected by SPR, and to evaluate whether experiments performed using soluble molecules were biologically relevant to events at the T cell surface, we determined the effective 2D affinity of each APL using an adhesion frequency assay in which a human rbc coated in pMHC acted as an adhesion sensor. RESULTS
43 46 SPR experimental_method To confirm the affinity spread detected by SPR, and to evaluate whether experiments performed using soluble molecules were biologically relevant to events at the T cell surface, we determined the effective 2D affinity of each APL using an adhesion frequency assay in which a human rbc coated in pMHC acted as an adhesion sensor. RESULTS
206 217 2D affinity evidence To confirm the affinity spread detected by SPR, and to evaluate whether experiments performed using soluble molecules were biologically relevant to events at the T cell surface, we determined the effective 2D affinity of each APL using an adhesion frequency assay in which a human rbc coated in pMHC acted as an adhesion sensor. RESULTS
226 229 APL chemical To confirm the affinity spread detected by SPR, and to evaluate whether experiments performed using soluble molecules were biologically relevant to events at the T cell surface, we determined the effective 2D affinity of each APL using an adhesion frequency assay in which a human rbc coated in pMHC acted as an adhesion sensor. RESULTS
239 263 adhesion frequency assay experimental_method To confirm the affinity spread detected by SPR, and to evaluate whether experiments performed using soluble molecules were biologically relevant to events at the T cell surface, we determined the effective 2D affinity of each APL using an adhesion frequency assay in which a human rbc coated in pMHC acted as an adhesion sensor. RESULTS
275 280 human species To confirm the affinity spread detected by SPR, and to evaluate whether experiments performed using soluble molecules were biologically relevant to events at the T cell surface, we determined the effective 2D affinity of each APL using an adhesion frequency assay in which a human rbc coated in pMHC acted as an adhesion sensor. RESULTS
295 299 pMHC complex_assembly To confirm the affinity spread detected by SPR, and to evaluate whether experiments performed using soluble molecules were biologically relevant to events at the T cell surface, we determined the effective 2D affinity of each APL using an adhesion frequency assay in which a human rbc coated in pMHC acted as an adhesion sensor. RESULTS
18 21 SPR experimental_method In agreement with SPR experiments, the range of 2D affinities we detected differed by around 3 logs, with the A2-MVWGPDPLYV generating the weakest 2D affinity (2.6 × 105 AcKa μm4) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI the strongest (4.5 × 102 AcKa μm4) (Figure 2J). RESULTS
48 61 2D affinities evidence In agreement with SPR experiments, the range of 2D affinities we detected differed by around 3 logs, with the A2-MVWGPDPLYV generating the weakest 2D affinity (2.6 × 105 AcKa μm4) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI the strongest (4.5 × 102 AcKa μm4) (Figure 2J). RESULTS
110 123 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical In agreement with SPR experiments, the range of 2D affinities we detected differed by around 3 logs, with the A2-MVWGPDPLYV generating the weakest 2D affinity (2.6 × 105 AcKa μm4) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI the strongest (4.5 × 102 AcKa μm4) (Figure 2J). RESULTS
147 158 2D affinity evidence In agreement with SPR experiments, the range of 2D affinities we detected differed by around 3 logs, with the A2-MVWGPDPLYV generating the weakest 2D affinity (2.6 × 105 AcKa μm4) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI the strongest (4.5 × 102 AcKa μm4) (Figure 2J). RESULTS
171 175 AcKa evidence In agreement with SPR experiments, the range of 2D affinities we detected differed by around 3 logs, with the A2-MVWGPDPLYV generating the weakest 2D affinity (2.6 × 105 AcKa μm4) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI the strongest (4.5 × 102 AcKa μm4) (Figure 2J). RESULTS
185 198 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical In agreement with SPR experiments, the range of 2D affinities we detected differed by around 3 logs, with the A2-MVWGPDPLYV generating the weakest 2D affinity (2.6 × 105 AcKa μm4) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI the strongest (4.5 × 102 AcKa μm4) (Figure 2J). RESULTS
225 229 AcKa evidence In agreement with SPR experiments, the range of 2D affinities we detected differed by around 3 logs, with the A2-MVWGPDPLYV generating the weakest 2D affinity (2.6 × 105 AcKa μm4) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI the strongest (4.5 × 102 AcKa μm4) (Figure 2J). RESULTS
12 23 3D affinity evidence As with the 3D affinity measurements, the 2D affinity measurements correlated well with the EC50 values for each ligand (Figure 2K) demonstrating a strong correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.8, P = 0.01) between T cell antigen sensitivity and TCR binding affinity. RESULTS
42 53 2D affinity evidence As with the 3D affinity measurements, the 2D affinity measurements correlated well with the EC50 values for each ligand (Figure 2K) demonstrating a strong correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.8, P = 0.01) between T cell antigen sensitivity and TCR binding affinity. RESULTS
92 96 EC50 evidence As with the 3D affinity measurements, the 2D affinity measurements correlated well with the EC50 values for each ligand (Figure 2K) demonstrating a strong correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.8, P = 0.01) between T cell antigen sensitivity and TCR binding affinity. RESULTS
168 189 Pearson’s correlation evidence As with the 3D affinity measurements, the 2D affinity measurements correlated well with the EC50 values for each ligand (Figure 2K) demonstrating a strong correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.8, P = 0.01) between T cell antigen sensitivity and TCR binding affinity. RESULTS
197 198 P evidence As with the 3D affinity measurements, the 2D affinity measurements correlated well with the EC50 values for each ligand (Figure 2K) demonstrating a strong correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.8, P = 0.01) between T cell antigen sensitivity and TCR binding affinity. RESULTS
246 266 TCR binding affinity evidence As with the 3D affinity measurements, the 2D affinity measurements correlated well with the EC50 values for each ligand (Figure 2K) demonstrating a strong correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.8, P = 0.01) between T cell antigen sensitivity and TCR binding affinity. RESULTS
62 73 3D affinity evidence Of note, these data demonstrate a close agreement between the 3D affinity values generated using SPR and 2D affinity values generated using adhesion frequency assays. RESULTS
97 100 SPR experimental_method Of note, these data demonstrate a close agreement between the 3D affinity values generated using SPR and 2D affinity values generated using adhesion frequency assays. RESULTS
105 116 2D affinity evidence Of note, these data demonstrate a close agreement between the 3D affinity values generated using SPR and 2D affinity values generated using adhesion frequency assays. RESULTS
4 11 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR uses a consensus binding mode to engage multiple APLs. RESULTS
61 65 APLs chemical The 1E6 TCR uses a consensus binding mode to engage multiple APLs. RESULTS
13 22 structure evidence Our previous structure of the 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex demonstrated a limited binding footprint between the TCR and pMHC. RESULTS
30 47 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex_assembly Our previous structure of the 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex demonstrated a limited binding footprint between the TCR and pMHC. RESULTS
79 96 binding footprint site Our previous structure of the 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex demonstrated a limited binding footprint between the TCR and pMHC. RESULTS
109 112 TCR complex_assembly Our previous structure of the 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex demonstrated a limited binding footprint between the TCR and pMHC. RESULTS
117 121 pMHC complex_assembly Our previous structure of the 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex demonstrated a limited binding footprint between the TCR and pMHC. RESULTS
87 103 binding affinity evidence The low number of contacts between the 2 molecules most likely contributed to the weak binding affinity of the interaction. RESULTS
47 54 1E6 TCR complex_assembly In order to examine the mechanism by which the 1E6 TCR engaged a wide range of peptides with divergent binding affinities, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR in complex with all 7 APLs used in Figure 2. RESULTS
103 121 binding affinities evidence In order to examine the mechanism by which the 1E6 TCR engaged a wide range of peptides with divergent binding affinities, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR in complex with all 7 APLs used in Figure 2. RESULTS
126 132 solved experimental_method In order to examine the mechanism by which the 1E6 TCR engaged a wide range of peptides with divergent binding affinities, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR in complex with all 7 APLs used in Figure 2. RESULTS
137 146 structure evidence In order to examine the mechanism by which the 1E6 TCR engaged a wide range of peptides with divergent binding affinities, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR in complex with all 7 APLs used in Figure 2. RESULTS
154 161 1E6 TCR complex_assembly In order to examine the mechanism by which the 1E6 TCR engaged a wide range of peptides with divergent binding affinities, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR in complex with all 7 APLs used in Figure 2. RESULTS
162 177 in complex with protein_state In order to examine the mechanism by which the 1E6 TCR engaged a wide range of peptides with divergent binding affinities, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR in complex with all 7 APLs used in Figure 2. RESULTS
184 188 APLs chemical In order to examine the mechanism by which the 1E6 TCR engaged a wide range of peptides with divergent binding affinities, we solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR in complex with all 7 APLs used in Figure 2. RESULTS
4 14 structures evidence All structures were solved in space group P1 to 23 Å resolution with crystallographic Rwork/Rfree ratios within accepted limits as shown in the theoretically expected distribution (ref. and Supplemental Table 1). RESULTS
20 26 solved experimental_method All structures were solved in space group P1 to 23 Å resolution with crystallographic Rwork/Rfree ratios within accepted limits as shown in the theoretically expected distribution (ref. and Supplemental Table 1). RESULTS
87 105 Rwork/Rfree ratios evidence All structures were solved in space group P1 to 23 Å resolution with crystallographic Rwork/Rfree ratios within accepted limits as shown in the theoretically expected distribution (ref. and Supplemental Table 1). RESULTS
4 11 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR used a very similar overall binding modality to engage all of the APLs, with root mean square deviation ranging between 0.81 and 1.12 Å2 (compared with 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA). RESULTS
78 82 APLs chemical The 1E6 TCR used a very similar overall binding modality to engage all of the APLs, with root mean square deviation ranging between 0.81 and 1.12 Å2 (compared with 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA). RESULTS
89 115 root mean square deviation evidence The 1E6 TCR used a very similar overall binding modality to engage all of the APLs, with root mean square deviation ranging between 0.81 and 1.12 Å2 (compared with 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA). RESULTS
164 181 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR used a very similar overall binding modality to engage all of the APLs, with root mean square deviation ranging between 0.81 and 1.12 Å2 (compared with 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA). RESULTS
96 116 TCR binding affinity evidence The relatively broad range of buried surface areas (1,6701,920 Å2) did not correlate well with TCR binding affinity (Pearson’s correlation = 0.45, P = 0.2). RESULTS
118 139 Pearson’s correlation evidence The relatively broad range of buried surface areas (1,6701,920 Å2) did not correlate well with TCR binding affinity (Pearson’s correlation = 0.45, P = 0.2). RESULTS
148 149 P evidence The relatively broad range of buried surface areas (1,6701,920 Å2) did not correlate well with TCR binding affinity (Pearson’s correlation = 0.45, P = 0.2). RESULTS
4 34 surface complementarity values evidence The surface complementarity values (0.520.7) correlated slightly with affinity (Pearson’s correlation = 0.7, P = 0.05) but could not explain all differences in binding (Figure 3A and Table 2). RESULTS
71 79 affinity evidence The surface complementarity values (0.520.7) correlated slightly with affinity (Pearson’s correlation = 0.7, P = 0.05) but could not explain all differences in binding (Figure 3A and Table 2). RESULTS
81 102 Pearson’s correlation evidence The surface complementarity values (0.520.7) correlated slightly with affinity (Pearson’s correlation = 0.7, P = 0.05) but could not explain all differences in binding (Figure 3A and Table 2). RESULTS
110 111 P evidence The surface complementarity values (0.520.7) correlated slightly with affinity (Pearson’s correlation = 0.7, P = 0.05) but could not explain all differences in binding (Figure 3A and Table 2). RESULTS
4 7 TCR complex_assembly The TCR CDR loops were in a very similar position in all complexes, apart from some slight deviations in the TCR β-chain (Figure 3B); the peptides were all presented in a similar conformation (Figure 3C); and there was minimal variation in crossing angles of the TCR (42.3°–45.6°) (Figure 3D). RESULTS
8 17 CDR loops structure_element The TCR CDR loops were in a very similar position in all complexes, apart from some slight deviations in the TCR β-chain (Figure 3B); the peptides were all presented in a similar conformation (Figure 3C); and there was minimal variation in crossing angles of the TCR (42.3°–45.6°) (Figure 3D). RESULTS
109 112 TCR complex_assembly The TCR CDR loops were in a very similar position in all complexes, apart from some slight deviations in the TCR β-chain (Figure 3B); the peptides were all presented in a similar conformation (Figure 3C); and there was minimal variation in crossing angles of the TCR (42.3°–45.6°) (Figure 3D). RESULTS
113 120 β-chain structure_element The TCR CDR loops were in a very similar position in all complexes, apart from some slight deviations in the TCR β-chain (Figure 3B); the peptides were all presented in a similar conformation (Figure 3C); and there was minimal variation in crossing angles of the TCR (42.3°–45.6°) (Figure 3D). RESULTS
263 266 TCR complex_assembly The TCR CDR loops were in a very similar position in all complexes, apart from some slight deviations in the TCR β-chain (Figure 3B); the peptides were all presented in a similar conformation (Figure 3C); and there was minimal variation in crossing angles of the TCR (42.3°–45.6°) (Figure 3D). RESULTS
13 20 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
66 69 APL chemical Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
79 82 TCR complex_assembly Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
83 90 α-chain structure_element Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
111 122 MHC class I complex_assembly Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
124 128 MHCI complex_assembly Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
130 138 α2-helix structure_element Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
147 150 TCR complex_assembly Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
151 158 β-chain structure_element Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
168 172 MHCI complex_assembly Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
173 182 α-1 helix structure_element Overall, the 1E6 TCR used a canonical binding mode to engage each APL with the TCR α-chain positioned over the MHC class I (MHCI) α2-helix and the TCR β-chain over the MHCI α-1 helix, straddling the peptide cargo. RESULTS
46 56 interfaces site However, subtle differences in the respective interfaces were apparent (discussed below) and resulted in altered binding affinities of the respective complexes. RESULTS
113 131 binding affinities evidence However, subtle differences in the respective interfaces were apparent (discussed below) and resulted in altered binding affinities of the respective complexes. RESULTS
25 32 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and different APLs are focused around a conserved GPD peptide motif. RESULTS
47 51 APLs chemical Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and different APLs are focused around a conserved GPD peptide motif. RESULTS
73 82 conserved protein_state Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and different APLs are focused around a conserved GPD peptide motif. RESULTS
83 100 GPD peptide motif structure_element Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and different APLs are focused around a conserved GPD peptide motif. RESULTS
30 45 atomic analysis experimental_method We next performed an in-depth atomic analysis of the contacts between the 1E6 TCR and each APL to determine the structural basis for the altered T cell peptide sensitivities and TCR binding affinities (Table 2). RESULTS
74 81 1E6 TCR complex_assembly We next performed an in-depth atomic analysis of the contacts between the 1E6 TCR and each APL to determine the structural basis for the altered T cell peptide sensitivities and TCR binding affinities (Table 2). RESULTS
91 94 APL chemical We next performed an in-depth atomic analysis of the contacts between the 1E6 TCR and each APL to determine the structural basis for the altered T cell peptide sensitivities and TCR binding affinities (Table 2). RESULTS
178 200 TCR binding affinities evidence We next performed an in-depth atomic analysis of the contacts between the 1E6 TCR and each APL to determine the structural basis for the altered T cell peptide sensitivities and TCR binding affinities (Table 2). RESULTS
40 47 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Concomitant with our global analysis of 1E6 TCR binding to the APLs, we observed a common interaction element, consistent with our previous findings, that utilized TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β, forming an aromatic cap over a central GPD motif that was present in all of the APLs (Figure 4). RESULTS
63 67 APLs chemical Concomitant with our global analysis of 1E6 TCR binding to the APLs, we observed a common interaction element, consistent with our previous findings, that utilized TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β, forming an aromatic cap over a central GPD motif that was present in all of the APLs (Figure 4). RESULTS
164 167 TCR complex_assembly Concomitant with our global analysis of 1E6 TCR binding to the APLs, we observed a common interaction element, consistent with our previous findings, that utilized TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β, forming an aromatic cap over a central GPD motif that was present in all of the APLs (Figure 4). RESULTS
177 183 Tyr97α residue_name_number Concomitant with our global analysis of 1E6 TCR binding to the APLs, we observed a common interaction element, consistent with our previous findings, that utilized TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β, forming an aromatic cap over a central GPD motif that was present in all of the APLs (Figure 4). RESULTS
188 194 Trp97β residue_name_number Concomitant with our global analysis of 1E6 TCR binding to the APLs, we observed a common interaction element, consistent with our previous findings, that utilized TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β, forming an aromatic cap over a central GPD motif that was present in all of the APLs (Figure 4). RESULTS
207 219 aromatic cap structure_element Concomitant with our global analysis of 1E6 TCR binding to the APLs, we observed a common interaction element, consistent with our previous findings, that utilized TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β, forming an aromatic cap over a central GPD motif that was present in all of the APLs (Figure 4). RESULTS
235 244 GPD motif structure_element Concomitant with our global analysis of 1E6 TCR binding to the APLs, we observed a common interaction element, consistent with our previous findings, that utilized TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β, forming an aromatic cap over a central GPD motif that was present in all of the APLs (Figure 4). RESULTS
276 280 APLs chemical Concomitant with our global analysis of 1E6 TCR binding to the APLs, we observed a common interaction element, consistent with our previous findings, that utilized TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β, forming an aromatic cap over a central GPD motif that was present in all of the APLs (Figure 4). RESULTS
29 32 TCR complex_assembly Interactions between these 2 TCR and 3 peptide residues accounted for 41%–50% of the total contacts across all complexes (Table 2), demonstrating the conserved peptide centric binding mode utilized by the 1E6 TCR. RESULTS
150 159 conserved protein_state Interactions between these 2 TCR and 3 peptide residues accounted for 41%–50% of the total contacts across all complexes (Table 2), demonstrating the conserved peptide centric binding mode utilized by the 1E6 TCR. RESULTS
205 212 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Interactions between these 2 TCR and 3 peptide residues accounted for 41%–50% of the total contacts across all complexes (Table 2), demonstrating the conserved peptide centric binding mode utilized by the 1E6 TCR. RESULTS
84 92 TCR-pMHC complex_assembly This fixed anchoring between the 2 molecules was important for stabilization of the TCR-pMHC complex, as — although other peptides without the ‘GDP’ motif were tested and shown to activate the 1E6 T cell clone — we were unable to measure robust affinities using SPR (data not shown). RESULTS
143 154 ‘GDP’ motif structure_element This fixed anchoring between the 2 molecules was important for stabilization of the TCR-pMHC complex, as — although other peptides without the ‘GDP’ motif were tested and shown to activate the 1E6 T cell clone — we were unable to measure robust affinities using SPR (data not shown). RESULTS
245 255 affinities evidence This fixed anchoring between the 2 molecules was important for stabilization of the TCR-pMHC complex, as — although other peptides without the ‘GDP’ motif were tested and shown to activate the 1E6 T cell clone — we were unable to measure robust affinities using SPR (data not shown). RESULTS
262 265 SPR experimental_method This fixed anchoring between the 2 molecules was important for stabilization of the TCR-pMHC complex, as — although other peptides without the ‘GDP’ motif were tested and shown to activate the 1E6 T cell clone — we were unable to measure robust affinities using SPR (data not shown). RESULTS
41 50 conserved protein_state These data support the requirement for a conserved interaction between the 1E6 TCR and the GPD motif, as we observed in our previously published 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure. RESULTS
75 82 1E6 TCR complex_assembly These data support the requirement for a conserved interaction between the 1E6 TCR and the GPD motif, as we observed in our previously published 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure. RESULTS
91 100 GPD motif structure_element These data support the requirement for a conserved interaction between the 1E6 TCR and the GPD motif, as we observed in our previously published 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure. RESULTS
145 162 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex_assembly These data support the requirement for a conserved interaction between the 1E6 TCR and the GPD motif, as we observed in our previously published 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure. RESULTS
163 172 structure evidence These data support the requirement for a conserved interaction between the 1E6 TCR and the GPD motif, as we observed in our previously published 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure. RESULTS
33 42 conserved protein_state Focused hotspot binding around a conserved GPD motif enables the 1E6 TCR to tolerate peptide degeneracy. RESULTS
43 52 GPD motif structure_element Focused hotspot binding around a conserved GPD motif enables the 1E6 TCR to tolerate peptide degeneracy. RESULTS
65 72 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Focused hotspot binding around a conserved GPD motif enables the 1E6 TCR to tolerate peptide degeneracy. RESULTS
13 20 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Although the 1E6 TCR formed a similar overall interaction with each APL, the stabilization between the TCR and the GPD motif enabled fine differences in the contact network with both the peptide and MHC surface that allowed discrimination between each ligand (Figure 5). RESULTS
68 71 APL chemical Although the 1E6 TCR formed a similar overall interaction with each APL, the stabilization between the TCR and the GPD motif enabled fine differences in the contact network with both the peptide and MHC surface that allowed discrimination between each ligand (Figure 5). RESULTS
103 106 TCR complex_assembly Although the 1E6 TCR formed a similar overall interaction with each APL, the stabilization between the TCR and the GPD motif enabled fine differences in the contact network with both the peptide and MHC surface that allowed discrimination between each ligand (Figure 5). RESULTS
115 124 GPD motif structure_element Although the 1E6 TCR formed a similar overall interaction with each APL, the stabilization between the TCR and the GPD motif enabled fine differences in the contact network with both the peptide and MHC surface that allowed discrimination between each ligand (Figure 5). RESULTS
157 172 contact network site Although the 1E6 TCR formed a similar overall interaction with each APL, the stabilization between the TCR and the GPD motif enabled fine differences in the contact network with both the peptide and MHC surface that allowed discrimination between each ligand (Figure 5). RESULTS
187 194 peptide chemical Although the 1E6 TCR formed a similar overall interaction with each APL, the stabilization between the TCR and the GPD motif enabled fine differences in the contact network with both the peptide and MHC surface that allowed discrimination between each ligand (Figure 5). RESULTS
199 210 MHC surface site Although the 1E6 TCR formed a similar overall interaction with each APL, the stabilization between the TCR and the GPD motif enabled fine differences in the contact network with both the peptide and MHC surface that allowed discrimination between each ligand (Figure 5). RESULTS
17 24 1E6 TCR complex_assembly For example, the 1E6 TCR made only 47 peptide contacts with A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) compared with 63 and 57 contacts with A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM), respectively. RESULTS
60 73 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical For example, the 1E6 TCR made only 47 peptide contacts with A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) compared with 63 and 57 contacts with A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM), respectively. RESULTS
75 77 KD evidence For example, the 1E6 TCR made only 47 peptide contacts with A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) compared with 63 and 57 contacts with A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM), respectively. RESULTS
127 140 A2-YQFGPDFPIA chemical For example, the 1E6 TCR made only 47 peptide contacts with A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) compared with 63 and 57 contacts with A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM), respectively. RESULTS
142 144 KD evidence For example, the 1E6 TCR made only 47 peptide contacts with A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) compared with 63 and 57 contacts with A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM), respectively. RESULTS
159 172 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical For example, the 1E6 TCR made only 47 peptide contacts with A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) compared with 63 and 57 contacts with A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM), respectively. RESULTS
174 176 KD evidence For example, the 1E6 TCR made only 47 peptide contacts with A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) compared with 63 and 57 contacts with A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM), respectively. RESULTS
64 84 TCR binding affinity evidence Although the number of peptide contacts was a good predictor of TCR binding affinity for some of the APLs, for others, the correlation was poor (Pearson’s correlation = 0.045, P = 0.92), possibly because of different resolutions for each complex structure. RESULTS
101 105 APLs chemical Although the number of peptide contacts was a good predictor of TCR binding affinity for some of the APLs, for others, the correlation was poor (Pearson’s correlation = 0.045, P = 0.92), possibly because of different resolutions for each complex structure. RESULTS
145 166 Pearson’s correlation evidence Although the number of peptide contacts was a good predictor of TCR binding affinity for some of the APLs, for others, the correlation was poor (Pearson’s correlation = 0.045, P = 0.92), possibly because of different resolutions for each complex structure. RESULTS
246 255 structure evidence Although the number of peptide contacts was a good predictor of TCR binding affinity for some of the APLs, for others, the correlation was poor (Pearson’s correlation = 0.045, P = 0.92), possibly because of different resolutions for each complex structure. RESULTS
17 24 1E6 TCR complex_assembly For example, the 1E6 TCR made 64 peptide contacts with A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM) compared with 43 contacts with A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM). RESULTS
55 68 A2-YLGGPDFPTI chemical For example, the 1E6 TCR made 64 peptide contacts with A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM) compared with 43 contacts with A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM). RESULTS
70 72 KD evidence For example, the 1E6 TCR made 64 peptide contacts with A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM) compared with 43 contacts with A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM). RESULTS
115 128 A2-RQWGPDPAAV chemical For example, the 1E6 TCR made 64 peptide contacts with A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM) compared with 43 contacts with A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM). RESULTS
130 132 KD evidence For example, the 1E6 TCR made 64 peptide contacts with A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM) compared with 43 contacts with A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM). RESULTS
97 98 1 residue_number The most important peptide modification in terms of generating new contacts was peptide position 1. RESULTS
53 56 Arg residue_name The stronger ligands all encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 (Figure 5, E–H), enabling interactions with 1E6 that were not present in the weaker APLs that lacked large side chains in this position (Figure 5, A, C, and D). RESULTS
60 63 Tyr residue_name The stronger ligands all encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 (Figure 5, E–H), enabling interactions with 1E6 that were not present in the weaker APLs that lacked large side chains in this position (Figure 5, A, C, and D). RESULTS
85 86 1 residue_number The stronger ligands all encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 (Figure 5, E–H), enabling interactions with 1E6 that were not present in the weaker APLs that lacked large side chains in this position (Figure 5, A, C, and D). RESULTS
171 175 APLs chemical The stronger ligands all encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 (Figure 5, E–H), enabling interactions with 1E6 that were not present in the weaker APLs that lacked large side chains in this position (Figure 5, A, C, and D). RESULTS
34 41 1E6 TCR complex_assembly We have previously shown that the 1E6 TCR uses a rigid lock-and-key mechanism during binding to A2-ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
96 109 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical We have previously shown that the 1E6 TCR uses a rigid lock-and-key mechanism during binding to A2-ALWGPDPAAA. RESULTS
33 42 unligated protein_state These data demonstrated that the unligated structure of the 1E6 TCR was virtually identical to its ligated counterparts. RESULTS
43 52 structure evidence These data demonstrated that the unligated structure of the 1E6 TCR was virtually identical to its ligated counterparts. RESULTS
60 67 1E6 TCR complex_assembly These data demonstrated that the unligated structure of the 1E6 TCR was virtually identical to its ligated counterparts. RESULTS
99 106 ligated protein_state These data demonstrated that the unligated structure of the 1E6 TCR was virtually identical to its ligated counterparts. RESULTS
41 45 APLs chemical In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
132 151 free binding energy evidence In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
153 155 ΔG evidence In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
192 198 solved experimental_method In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
203 212 unligated protein_state In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
213 223 structures evidence In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
233 237 APLs chemical In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
243 256 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
257 266 structure evidence In order to determine whether any of the APLs required an induced fit mechanism during binding that could explain the difference in free binding energy (ΔG) between each complex (Table 2), we solved the unligated structures of all 7 APLs (the A2-ALWGPDPAAA structure has been previously published and was used in this comparison, ref.) (Figure 6 and Supplemental Table 2). RESULTS
4 13 unligated protein_state The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
14 27 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
29 31 KD evidence The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
43 52 structure evidence The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
82 86 Tyr9 residue_name_number The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
119 128 structure evidence The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
164 167 TCR complex_assembly The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
177 183 Asp30β residue_name_number The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
188 194 Asn51β residue_name_number The unligated A2-MVWGPDPLYV (KD = ~600 μM) structure revealed that the side chain Tyr9 swung around 8 Å in the complex structure, subsequently making contacts with TCR residues Asp30β and Asn51β (Figure 6A and Figure 5A, respectively). RESULTS
75 95 TCR binding affinity evidence This movement could result in an entropic penalty contributing to the weak TCR binding affinity we observed for this ligand. RESULTS
84 88 Asp6 residue_name_number Additional small movements in the Cα backbone of the peptide around peptide residue Asp6 were apparent in the A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM), A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM), and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = 44.4 μM) structures (Figure 6, B, C, and E). RESULTS
110 123 A2-YLGGPDFPTI chemical Additional small movements in the Cα backbone of the peptide around peptide residue Asp6 were apparent in the A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM), A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM), and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = 44.4 μM) structures (Figure 6, B, C, and E). RESULTS
125 127 KD evidence Additional small movements in the Cα backbone of the peptide around peptide residue Asp6 were apparent in the A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM), A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM), and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = 44.4 μM) structures (Figure 6, B, C, and E). RESULTS
140 153 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical Additional small movements in the Cα backbone of the peptide around peptide residue Asp6 were apparent in the A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM), A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM), and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = 44.4 μM) structures (Figure 6, B, C, and E). RESULTS
155 157 KD evidence Additional small movements in the Cα backbone of the peptide around peptide residue Asp6 were apparent in the A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM), A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM), and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = 44.4 μM) structures (Figure 6, B, C, and E). RESULTS
174 187 A2-RQFGPDWIVA chemical Additional small movements in the Cα backbone of the peptide around peptide residue Asp6 were apparent in the A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM), A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM), and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = 44.4 μM) structures (Figure 6, B, C, and E). RESULTS
189 191 KD evidence Additional small movements in the Cα backbone of the peptide around peptide residue Asp6 were apparent in the A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM), A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM), and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = 44.4 μM) structures (Figure 6, B, C, and E). RESULTS
203 213 structures evidence Additional small movements in the Cα backbone of the peptide around peptide residue Asp6 were apparent in the A2-YLGGPDFPTI (KD = ~400 μM), A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM), and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = 44.4 μM) structures (Figure 6, B, C, and E). RESULTS
4 13 unligated protein_state The unligated structures of A2-AQWGPDAAA, A2-RQWGPDPAAV, A2-YQFGPDFPIA, and A2-RQFGPDFPTI were virtually identical when in complex with 1E6 (Figure 6, D and F–H). RESULTS
14 24 structures evidence The unligated structures of A2-AQWGPDAAA, A2-RQWGPDPAAV, A2-YQFGPDFPIA, and A2-RQFGPDFPTI were virtually identical when in complex with 1E6 (Figure 6, D and F–H). RESULTS
28 40 A2-AQWGPDAAA chemical The unligated structures of A2-AQWGPDAAA, A2-RQWGPDPAAV, A2-YQFGPDFPIA, and A2-RQFGPDFPTI were virtually identical when in complex with 1E6 (Figure 6, D and F–H). RESULTS
42 55 A2-RQWGPDPAAV chemical The unligated structures of A2-AQWGPDAAA, A2-RQWGPDPAAV, A2-YQFGPDFPIA, and A2-RQFGPDFPTI were virtually identical when in complex with 1E6 (Figure 6, D and F–H). RESULTS
57 70 A2-YQFGPDFPIA chemical The unligated structures of A2-AQWGPDAAA, A2-RQWGPDPAAV, A2-YQFGPDFPIA, and A2-RQFGPDFPTI were virtually identical when in complex with 1E6 (Figure 6, D and F–H). RESULTS
76 89 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical The unligated structures of A2-AQWGPDAAA, A2-RQWGPDPAAV, A2-YQFGPDFPIA, and A2-RQFGPDFPTI were virtually identical when in complex with 1E6 (Figure 6, D and F–H). RESULTS
120 135 in complex with protein_state The unligated structures of A2-AQWGPDAAA, A2-RQWGPDPAAV, A2-YQFGPDFPIA, and A2-RQFGPDFPTI were virtually identical when in complex with 1E6 (Figure 6, D and F–H). RESULTS
23 35 A2-AQWGPDAAA chemical Apart from the case of A2-AQWGPDAAA (KD = 61.9 μM), these observations support the conclusion that the higher-affinity ligands required less conformational melding during binding, which could be energetically beneficial (lower entopic cost) during ligation with the 1E6 TCR. RESULTS
37 39 KD evidence Apart from the case of A2-AQWGPDAAA (KD = 61.9 μM), these observations support the conclusion that the higher-affinity ligands required less conformational melding during binding, which could be energetically beneficial (lower entopic cost) during ligation with the 1E6 TCR. RESULTS
110 118 affinity evidence Apart from the case of A2-AQWGPDAAA (KD = 61.9 μM), these observations support the conclusion that the higher-affinity ligands required less conformational melding during binding, which could be energetically beneficial (lower entopic cost) during ligation with the 1E6 TCR. RESULTS
266 273 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Apart from the case of A2-AQWGPDAAA (KD = 61.9 μM), these observations support the conclusion that the higher-affinity ligands required less conformational melding during binding, which could be energetically beneficial (lower entopic cost) during ligation with the 1E6 TCR. RESULTS
56 63 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Peptide modifications alter the interaction between the 1E6 TCR and the MHC surface. RESULTS
72 83 MHC surface site Peptide modifications alter the interaction between the 1E6 TCR and the MHC surface. RESULTS
35 38 TCR complex_assembly In addition to changes between the TCR and peptide component, we also observed that different APLs had different knock-on effects between the TCR and MHC. RESULTS
94 98 APLs chemical In addition to changes between the TCR and peptide component, we also observed that different APLs had different knock-on effects between the TCR and MHC. RESULTS
142 145 TCR complex_assembly In addition to changes between the TCR and peptide component, we also observed that different APLs had different knock-on effects between the TCR and MHC. RESULTS
150 153 MHC complex_assembly In addition to changes between the TCR and peptide component, we also observed that different APLs had different knock-on effects between the TCR and MHC. RESULTS
0 3 MHC complex_assembly MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
12 17 Arg65 residue_name_number MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
41 62 MHC restriction triad site MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
64 69 Arg65 residue_name_number MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
71 76 Ala69 residue_name_number MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
82 88 Gln155 residue_name_number MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
115 118 TCR complex_assembly MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
119 122 MHC complex_assembly MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
138 144 Gln155 residue_name_number MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
179 184 Ala69 residue_name_number MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
219 228 interface site MHC residue Arg65 that forms part of the MHC restriction triad (Arg65, Ala69, and Gln155) played a central role in TCR-MHC contacts, with Gln155 playing a less important role and Ala69 playing no role in binding at the interface (Figure 7). RESULTS
22 30 affinity evidence Generally, the weaker-affinity APLs made fewer contacts with the MHC surface (2729 interactions) compared with the stronger-affinity APLs (2935 contacts), consistent with a better Pearson’s correlation value (0.55) compared with TCR-peptide interactions versus affinity (0.045). RESULTS
31 35 APLs chemical Generally, the weaker-affinity APLs made fewer contacts with the MHC surface (2729 interactions) compared with the stronger-affinity APLs (2935 contacts), consistent with a better Pearson’s correlation value (0.55) compared with TCR-peptide interactions versus affinity (0.045). RESULTS
65 68 MHC complex_assembly Generally, the weaker-affinity APLs made fewer contacts with the MHC surface (2729 interactions) compared with the stronger-affinity APLs (2935 contacts), consistent with a better Pearson’s correlation value (0.55) compared with TCR-peptide interactions versus affinity (0.045). RESULTS
125 133 affinity evidence Generally, the weaker-affinity APLs made fewer contacts with the MHC surface (2729 interactions) compared with the stronger-affinity APLs (2935 contacts), consistent with a better Pearson’s correlation value (0.55) compared with TCR-peptide interactions versus affinity (0.045). RESULTS
134 138 APLs chemical Generally, the weaker-affinity APLs made fewer contacts with the MHC surface (2729 interactions) compared with the stronger-affinity APLs (2935 contacts), consistent with a better Pearson’s correlation value (0.55) compared with TCR-peptide interactions versus affinity (0.045). RESULTS
182 209 Pearson’s correlation value evidence Generally, the weaker-affinity APLs made fewer contacts with the MHC surface (2729 interactions) compared with the stronger-affinity APLs (2935 contacts), consistent with a better Pearson’s correlation value (0.55) compared with TCR-peptide interactions versus affinity (0.045). RESULTS
231 234 TCR complex_assembly Generally, the weaker-affinity APLs made fewer contacts with the MHC surface (2729 interactions) compared with the stronger-affinity APLs (2935 contacts), consistent with a better Pearson’s correlation value (0.55) compared with TCR-peptide interactions versus affinity (0.045). RESULTS
263 271 affinity evidence Generally, the weaker-affinity APLs made fewer contacts with the MHC surface (2729 interactions) compared with the stronger-affinity APLs (2935 contacts), consistent with a better Pearson’s correlation value (0.55) compared with TCR-peptide interactions versus affinity (0.045). RESULTS
41 44 TCR complex_assembly For instance, contacts were made between TCR residue Val53β and MHC residue Gln72 in all APLs except for in the weakest affinity ligand pair, 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV, in which a subtle change in TCR conformation — probably mediated by different peptide contacts — abrogated this interaction (Figure 7A). RESULTS
53 59 Val53β residue_name_number For instance, contacts were made between TCR residue Val53β and MHC residue Gln72 in all APLs except for in the weakest affinity ligand pair, 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV, in which a subtle change in TCR conformation — probably mediated by different peptide contacts — abrogated this interaction (Figure 7A). RESULTS
64 67 MHC complex_assembly For instance, contacts were made between TCR residue Val53β and MHC residue Gln72 in all APLs except for in the weakest affinity ligand pair, 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV, in which a subtle change in TCR conformation — probably mediated by different peptide contacts — abrogated this interaction (Figure 7A). RESULTS
76 81 Gln72 residue_name_number For instance, contacts were made between TCR residue Val53β and MHC residue Gln72 in all APLs except for in the weakest affinity ligand pair, 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV, in which a subtle change in TCR conformation — probably mediated by different peptide contacts — abrogated this interaction (Figure 7A). RESULTS
89 93 APLs chemical For instance, contacts were made between TCR residue Val53β and MHC residue Gln72 in all APLs except for in the weakest affinity ligand pair, 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV, in which a subtle change in TCR conformation — probably mediated by different peptide contacts — abrogated this interaction (Figure 7A). RESULTS
120 128 affinity evidence For instance, contacts were made between TCR residue Val53β and MHC residue Gln72 in all APLs except for in the weakest affinity ligand pair, 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV, in which a subtle change in TCR conformation — probably mediated by different peptide contacts — abrogated this interaction (Figure 7A). RESULTS
142 159 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV complex_assembly For instance, contacts were made between TCR residue Val53β and MHC residue Gln72 in all APLs except for in the weakest affinity ligand pair, 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV, in which a subtle change in TCR conformation — probably mediated by different peptide contacts — abrogated this interaction (Figure 7A). RESULTS
189 192 TCR complex_assembly For instance, contacts were made between TCR residue Val53β and MHC residue Gln72 in all APLs except for in the weakest affinity ligand pair, 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV, in which a subtle change in TCR conformation — probably mediated by different peptide contacts — abrogated this interaction (Figure 7A). RESULTS
50 57 entropy evidence An energetic switch from unfavorable to favorable entropy (order-to-disorder) correlates with antigen potency. RESULTS
20 35 contact network site Our analysis of the contact network provided some clues that could explain the different antigen potencies and binding affinities between the 1E6 TCR and the different APLs. RESULTS
111 129 binding affinities evidence Our analysis of the contact network provided some clues that could explain the different antigen potencies and binding affinities between the 1E6 TCR and the different APLs. RESULTS
142 149 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Our analysis of the contact network provided some clues that could explain the different antigen potencies and binding affinities between the 1E6 TCR and the different APLs. RESULTS
168 172 APLs chemical Our analysis of the contact network provided some clues that could explain the different antigen potencies and binding affinities between the 1E6 TCR and the different APLs. RESULTS
17 24 1E6 TCR complex_assembly For example, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQWGPDPAAV with the third strongest affinity (KD = 7.8 μM) but made fewer contacts than with A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM) (Table 2). RESULTS
25 33 bound to protein_state For example, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQWGPDPAAV with the third strongest affinity (KD = 7.8 μM) but made fewer contacts than with A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM) (Table 2). RESULTS
34 47 A2-RQWGPDPAAV chemical For example, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQWGPDPAAV with the third strongest affinity (KD = 7.8 μM) but made fewer contacts than with A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM) (Table 2). RESULTS
73 81 affinity evidence For example, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQWGPDPAAV with the third strongest affinity (KD = 7.8 μM) but made fewer contacts than with A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM) (Table 2). RESULTS
83 85 KD evidence For example, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQWGPDPAAV with the third strongest affinity (KD = 7.8 μM) but made fewer contacts than with A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM) (Table 2). RESULTS
130 143 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical For example, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQWGPDPAAV with the third strongest affinity (KD = 7.8 μM) but made fewer contacts than with A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM) (Table 2). RESULTS
145 147 KD evidence For example, the 1E6 TCR bound to A2-RQWGPDPAAV with the third strongest affinity (KD = 7.8 μM) but made fewer contacts than with A2-ALWGPDPAAA (KD = ~208 μM) (Table 2). RESULTS
31 53 thermodynamic analysis experimental_method Thus, we performed an in-depth thermodynamic analysis of 6 of the ligands under investigation (Figure 8 and Supplemental Table 3). RESULTS
9 25 binding affinity evidence The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
42 55 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
60 73 A2-YLGGPDFPTI chemical The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
156 165 enthalpic evidence The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
167 170 ΔH° evidence The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
176 184 entropic evidence The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
186 190 TΔS° evidence The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
234 252 binding affinities evidence The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
272 275 APL chemical The weak binding affinity between 1E6 and A2-MVWGPDPLYV and A2-YLGGPDFPTI generated thermodynamic data that were not robust enough to gain insight into the enthalpic (ΔH°) and entropic (TΔS°) changes that contributed to the different binding affinities/potencies for each APL. RESULTS
12 33 free binding energies evidence The overall free binding energies (ΔG°) were between 4.4 and 8.6 kcal/mol, reflecting the wide range of TCR binding affinities we observed for the different APLs. RESULTS
35 38 ΔG° evidence The overall free binding energies (ΔG°) were between 4.4 and 8.6 kcal/mol, reflecting the wide range of TCR binding affinities we observed for the different APLs. RESULTS
106 128 TCR binding affinities evidence The overall free binding energies (ΔG°) were between 4.4 and 8.6 kcal/mol, reflecting the wide range of TCR binding affinities we observed for the different APLs. RESULTS
159 163 APLs chemical The overall free binding energies (ΔG°) were between 4.4 and 8.6 kcal/mol, reflecting the wide range of TCR binding affinities we observed for the different APLs. RESULTS
77 85 affinity evidence The enthalpic contribution in each complex did not follow a clear trend with affinity, with all but the 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI interaction (ΔH° = 6.3 kcal/mol) generating an energetically favorable enthalpy value (ΔH° = –3.7 to –11.4 kcal/mol); this indicated a net gain in electrostatic interactions during complex formation. RESULTS
104 121 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI complex_assembly The enthalpic contribution in each complex did not follow a clear trend with affinity, with all but the 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI interaction (ΔH° = 6.3 kcal/mol) generating an energetically favorable enthalpy value (ΔH° = –3.7 to –11.4 kcal/mol); this indicated a net gain in electrostatic interactions during complex formation. RESULTS
135 138 ΔH° evidence The enthalpic contribution in each complex did not follow a clear trend with affinity, with all but the 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI interaction (ΔH° = 6.3 kcal/mol) generating an energetically favorable enthalpy value (ΔH° = –3.7 to –11.4 kcal/mol); this indicated a net gain in electrostatic interactions during complex formation. RESULTS
193 201 enthalpy evidence The enthalpic contribution in each complex did not follow a clear trend with affinity, with all but the 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI interaction (ΔH° = 6.3 kcal/mol) generating an energetically favorable enthalpy value (ΔH° = –3.7 to –11.4 kcal/mol); this indicated a net gain in electrostatic interactions during complex formation. RESULTS
209 212 ΔH° evidence The enthalpic contribution in each complex did not follow a clear trend with affinity, with all but the 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI interaction (ΔH° = 6.3 kcal/mol) generating an energetically favorable enthalpy value (ΔH° = –3.7 to –11.4 kcal/mol); this indicated a net gain in electrostatic interactions during complex formation. RESULTS
37 44 entropy evidence However, there was a clear switch in entropy between the weaker-affinity and stronger-affinity ligands, indicated by a strong Pearson’s correlation value between entropy and affinity (Pearson’s correlation value 0.93, P =0.007). RESULTS
64 72 affinity evidence However, there was a clear switch in entropy between the weaker-affinity and stronger-affinity ligands, indicated by a strong Pearson’s correlation value between entropy and affinity (Pearson’s correlation value 0.93, P =0.007). RESULTS
86 94 affinity evidence However, there was a clear switch in entropy between the weaker-affinity and stronger-affinity ligands, indicated by a strong Pearson’s correlation value between entropy and affinity (Pearson’s correlation value 0.93, P =0.007). RESULTS
126 153 Pearson’s correlation value evidence However, there was a clear switch in entropy between the weaker-affinity and stronger-affinity ligands, indicated by a strong Pearson’s correlation value between entropy and affinity (Pearson’s correlation value 0.93, P =0.007). RESULTS
162 169 entropy evidence However, there was a clear switch in entropy between the weaker-affinity and stronger-affinity ligands, indicated by a strong Pearson’s correlation value between entropy and affinity (Pearson’s correlation value 0.93, P =0.007). RESULTS
174 182 affinity evidence However, there was a clear switch in entropy between the weaker-affinity and stronger-affinity ligands, indicated by a strong Pearson’s correlation value between entropy and affinity (Pearson’s correlation value 0.93, P =0.007). RESULTS
184 211 Pearson’s correlation value evidence However, there was a clear switch in entropy between the weaker-affinity and stronger-affinity ligands, indicated by a strong Pearson’s correlation value between entropy and affinity (Pearson’s correlation value 0.93, P =0.007). RESULTS
218 219 P evidence However, there was a clear switch in entropy between the weaker-affinity and stronger-affinity ligands, indicated by a strong Pearson’s correlation value between entropy and affinity (Pearson’s correlation value 0.93, P =0.007). RESULTS
18 31 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical For instance, the A2-ALWGPDPAAA, A2-AQWGPDAAA, and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = ~208 μM, KD = 61.9 μM, and KD = 44.4 μM, respectively) were all entropically unfavorable (TΔS° = –2.9 to –5.6 kcal/mol), indicating a net change from disorder to order. RESULTS
33 45 A2-AQWGPDAAA chemical For instance, the A2-ALWGPDPAAA, A2-AQWGPDAAA, and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = ~208 μM, KD = 61.9 μM, and KD = 44.4 μM, respectively) were all entropically unfavorable (TΔS° = –2.9 to –5.6 kcal/mol), indicating a net change from disorder to order. RESULTS
51 64 A2-RQFGPDWIVA chemical For instance, the A2-ALWGPDPAAA, A2-AQWGPDAAA, and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = ~208 μM, KD = 61.9 μM, and KD = 44.4 μM, respectively) were all entropically unfavorable (TΔS° = –2.9 to –5.6 kcal/mol), indicating a net change from disorder to order. RESULTS
66 68 KD evidence For instance, the A2-ALWGPDPAAA, A2-AQWGPDAAA, and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = ~208 μM, KD = 61.9 μM, and KD = 44.4 μM, respectively) were all entropically unfavorable (TΔS° = –2.9 to –5.6 kcal/mol), indicating a net change from disorder to order. RESULTS
80 82 KD evidence For instance, the A2-ALWGPDPAAA, A2-AQWGPDAAA, and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = ~208 μM, KD = 61.9 μM, and KD = 44.4 μM, respectively) were all entropically unfavorable (TΔS° = –2.9 to –5.6 kcal/mol), indicating a net change from disorder to order. RESULTS
98 100 KD evidence For instance, the A2-ALWGPDPAAA, A2-AQWGPDAAA, and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = ~208 μM, KD = 61.9 μM, and KD = 44.4 μM, respectively) were all entropically unfavorable (TΔS° = –2.9 to –5.6 kcal/mol), indicating a net change from disorder to order. RESULTS
161 165 TΔS° evidence For instance, the A2-ALWGPDPAAA, A2-AQWGPDAAA, and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (KD = ~208 μM, KD = 61.9 μM, and KD = 44.4 μM, respectively) were all entropically unfavorable (TΔS° = –2.9 to –5.6 kcal/mol), indicating a net change from disorder to order. RESULTS
25 33 affinity evidence Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
42 55 A2-RQWGPDPAAV chemical Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
57 59 KD evidence Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
71 84 A2-YQFGPDFPIA chemical Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
86 88 KD evidence Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
104 117 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
119 121 KD evidence Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
152 159 entropy evidence Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
161 165 TΔS° evidence Conversely, the stronger-affinity ligands A2-RQWGPDPAAV (KD = 7.8 μM), A2-YQFGPDFPIA (KD = 7.4 μM), and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (KD = 0.5 μM) exhibited favorable entropy (TΔS° = 2.2 to 14.9 kcal/mol), indicating an order-to-disorder change during binding, possibly through the expulsion of ordered water molecules. RESULTS
35 44 unligated protein_state Furthermore, the structures of the unligated pMHCs demonstrated that, for these stronger-affinity ligands, there was less conformational difference between the TCR ligated pMHCs compared with the weaker-affinity ligands (Figure 6). RESULTS
45 50 pMHCs complex_assembly Furthermore, the structures of the unligated pMHCs demonstrated that, for these stronger-affinity ligands, there was less conformational difference between the TCR ligated pMHCs compared with the weaker-affinity ligands (Figure 6). RESULTS
89 97 affinity evidence Furthermore, the structures of the unligated pMHCs demonstrated that, for these stronger-affinity ligands, there was less conformational difference between the TCR ligated pMHCs compared with the weaker-affinity ligands (Figure 6). RESULTS
160 163 TCR complex_assembly Furthermore, the structures of the unligated pMHCs demonstrated that, for these stronger-affinity ligands, there was less conformational difference between the TCR ligated pMHCs compared with the weaker-affinity ligands (Figure 6). RESULTS
164 171 ligated protein_state Furthermore, the structures of the unligated pMHCs demonstrated that, for these stronger-affinity ligands, there was less conformational difference between the TCR ligated pMHCs compared with the weaker-affinity ligands (Figure 6). RESULTS
172 177 pMHCs complex_assembly Furthermore, the structures of the unligated pMHCs demonstrated that, for these stronger-affinity ligands, there was less conformational difference between the TCR ligated pMHCs compared with the weaker-affinity ligands (Figure 6). RESULTS
203 211 affinity evidence Furthermore, the structures of the unligated pMHCs demonstrated that, for these stronger-affinity ligands, there was less conformational difference between the TCR ligated pMHCs compared with the weaker-affinity ligands (Figure 6). RESULTS
92 100 affinity evidence The potential requirement for a larger degree of induced fit during binding to these weaker-affinity ligands is consistent with the larger entropic penalties observed for these interactions. RESULTS
23 30 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Potential epitopes for 1E6 TCR occur commonly in the viral proteome. RESULTS
53 58 viral taxonomy_domain Potential epitopes for 1E6 TCR occur commonly in the viral proteome. RESULTS
56 64 peptides chemical We searched a database of over 1,924,572 unique decamer peptides from the proteome of viral pathogens that are known, or strongly suspected, to infect humans. RESULTS
86 91 viral taxonomy_domain We searched a database of over 1,924,572 unique decamer peptides from the proteome of viral pathogens that are known, or strongly suspected, to infect humans. RESULTS
151 157 humans species We searched a database of over 1,924,572 unique decamer peptides from the proteome of viral pathogens that are known, or strongly suspected, to infect humans. RESULTS
65 75 xxxGPDxxxx structure_element Three hundred forty-two of these decamers conformed to the motif xxxGPDxxxx. RESULTS
42 52 xOxGPDxxxO structure_element Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
108 109 A residue_name Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
110 111 V residue_name Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
113 114 I residue_name Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
116 117 L residue_name Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
119 120 M residue_name Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
122 123 Y residue_name Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
125 126 F residue_name Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
132 133 W residue_name Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
162 172 HLA-A*0201 protein Of these, 53 peptides contained the motif xOxGPDxxxO, where O is one of the hydrophobic amino acid residues A,V, I, L, M, Y, F, and W that might allow binding to HLA-A*0201 (Supplemental Table 4). RESULTS
104 114 MVWGPDPLYV chemical Thus, there are many pathogen-encoded peptides that could act as agonists for the 1E6 T cell beyond the MVWGPDPLYV and RQFGPDWIVA sequences studied here. RESULTS
119 129 RQFGPDWIVA chemical Thus, there are many pathogen-encoded peptides that could act as agonists for the 1E6 T cell beyond the MVWGPDPLYV and RQFGPDWIVA sequences studied here. RESULTS
61 70 bacterial taxonomy_domain Extension of these analyses to include the larger genomes of bacterial pathogens would be expected to considerably increase these numbers. RESULTS
4 20 binding affinity evidence The binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction with A2-RQFGPDWIVA is considerably higher than with the disease-implicated A2-ALWGPDPAAA sequence (KD = 44.4 μM and KD > 200 μM, respectively), highlighting how a pathogen-derived sequence might be capable of priming a 1E6-like T cell. RESULTS
28 35 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction with A2-RQFGPDWIVA is considerably higher than with the disease-implicated A2-ALWGPDPAAA sequence (KD = 44.4 μM and KD > 200 μM, respectively), highlighting how a pathogen-derived sequence might be capable of priming a 1E6-like T cell. RESULTS
53 66 A2-RQFGPDWIVA chemical The binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction with A2-RQFGPDWIVA is considerably higher than with the disease-implicated A2-ALWGPDPAAA sequence (KD = 44.4 μM and KD > 200 μM, respectively), highlighting how a pathogen-derived sequence might be capable of priming a 1E6-like T cell. RESULTS
123 136 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical The binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction with A2-RQFGPDWIVA is considerably higher than with the disease-implicated A2-ALWGPDPAAA sequence (KD = 44.4 μM and KD > 200 μM, respectively), highlighting how a pathogen-derived sequence might be capable of priming a 1E6-like T cell. RESULTS
147 149 KD evidence The binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction with A2-RQFGPDWIVA is considerably higher than with the disease-implicated A2-ALWGPDPAAA sequence (KD = 44.4 μM and KD > 200 μM, respectively), highlighting how a pathogen-derived sequence might be capable of priming a 1E6-like T cell. RESULTS
164 166 KD evidence The binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction with A2-RQFGPDWIVA is considerably higher than with the disease-implicated A2-ALWGPDPAAA sequence (KD = 44.4 μM and KD > 200 μM, respectively), highlighting how a pathogen-derived sequence might be capable of priming a 1E6-like T cell. RESULTS
91 94 TCR complex_assembly T cell antigen discrimination is governed by an interaction between the clonally expressed TCR and pMHC, mediated by the chemical characteristics of the interacting molecules. DISCUSS
99 103 pMHC complex_assembly T cell antigen discrimination is governed by an interaction between the clonally expressed TCR and pMHC, mediated by the chemical characteristics of the interacting molecules. DISCUSS
34 37 TCR complex_assembly It has recently become clear that TCR cross-reactivity with large numbers of different pMHC ligands is essential to plug holes in T cell immune coverage that pathogens could exploit. DISCUSS
87 91 pMHC complex_assembly It has recently become clear that TCR cross-reactivity with large numbers of different pMHC ligands is essential to plug holes in T cell immune coverage that pathogens could exploit. DISCUSS
19 28 interface site Flexibility at the interface between the TCR and pMHC, demonstrated in various studies, has been suggested as a mechanism mediating T cell cross-reactivity with multiple distinct epitopes. DISCUSS
41 44 TCR complex_assembly Flexibility at the interface between the TCR and pMHC, demonstrated in various studies, has been suggested as a mechanism mediating T cell cross-reactivity with multiple distinct epitopes. DISCUSS
49 53 pMHC complex_assembly Flexibility at the interface between the TCR and pMHC, demonstrated in various studies, has been suggested as a mechanism mediating T cell cross-reactivity with multiple distinct epitopes. DISCUSS
38 47 CDR loops structure_element This notion is attractive because the CDR loops, which form the TCR antigen-binding site, are usually the most flexible part of the TCR and have the ability to mold around differently shaped ligands. DISCUSS
64 88 TCR antigen-binding site site This notion is attractive because the CDR loops, which form the TCR antigen-binding site, are usually the most flexible part of the TCR and have the ability to mold around differently shaped ligands. DISCUSS
132 135 TCR complex_assembly This notion is attractive because the CDR loops, which form the TCR antigen-binding site, are usually the most flexible part of the TCR and have the ability to mold around differently shaped ligands. DISCUSS
109 112 TCR complex_assembly Focused binding around a minimal peptide motif has also been implicated as an alternative mechanism enabling TCR cross-reactivity. DISCUSS
69 81 alloreactive protein_state Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
82 88 murine taxonomy_domain Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
89 92 TCR complex_assembly Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
93 96 MHC complex_assembly Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
109 113 42F3 protein Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
114 117 TCR complex_assembly Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
122 127 H2-Ld protein Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
199 208 conserved protein_state Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
209 216 hotspot site Notably among these studies, Garcia and colleagues recently used the alloreactive murine TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld to demonstrate recognition of a large number of different peptides via conserved hotspot contacts with prominent up-facing peptide residues. DISCUSS
52 57 MHCII protein_type Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
69 76 Hy.1B11 protein Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
77 80 TCR complex_assembly Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
161 172 deep pocket site Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
202 203 2 residue_number Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
205 206 3 residue_number Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
212 213 5 residue_number Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
220 228 MBP85–99 protein Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
229 237 bound to protein_state Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
238 245 HLA-DQ1 protein Sethi and colleagues recently demonstrated that the MHCII-restricted Hy.1B11 TCR, which was isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis, could anchor into a deep pocket formed from peptide residues 2, 3, and 5 (from MBP85–99 bound to HLA-DQ1). DISCUSS
15 24 conserved protein_state This motif was conserved in at least 2 potential foreign peptides, originating from Herpes simplex virus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enabling TCR recognition of foreign epitopes. DISCUSS
84 104 Herpes simplex virus species This motif was conserved in at least 2 potential foreign peptides, originating from Herpes simplex virus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enabling TCR recognition of foreign epitopes. DISCUSS
109 131 Pseudomonas aeruginosa species This motif was conserved in at least 2 potential foreign peptides, originating from Herpes simplex virus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enabling TCR recognition of foreign epitopes. DISCUSS
142 145 TCR complex_assembly This motif was conserved in at least 2 potential foreign peptides, originating from Herpes simplex virus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enabling TCR recognition of foreign epitopes. DISCUSS
43 48 human species First, we currently know nothing about how human MHCI–restricted TCRs mediate cross-reactivity in the context of a clinically relevant model of autoimmunity, thought to be a major pathway of disease initiation in several autoimmune diseases. DISCUSS
49 53 MHCI complex_assembly First, we currently know nothing about how human MHCI–restricted TCRs mediate cross-reactivity in the context of a clinically relevant model of autoimmunity, thought to be a major pathway of disease initiation in several autoimmune diseases. DISCUSS
65 69 TCRs complex_assembly First, we currently know nothing about how human MHCI–restricted TCRs mediate cross-reactivity in the context of a clinically relevant model of autoimmunity, thought to be a major pathway of disease initiation in several autoimmune diseases. DISCUSS
84 87 TCR complex_assembly Second, molecular studies have not yet revealed a broad set of rules that determine TCR cross-reactivity because, with the exception of the allo–TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld that did not encounter each other during T cell development, studies have been limited to structures of a TCR with only 2 or 3 different ligands. DISCUSS
140 144 allo protein_state Second, molecular studies have not yet revealed a broad set of rules that determine TCR cross-reactivity because, with the exception of the allo–TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld that did not encounter each other during T cell development, studies have been limited to structures of a TCR with only 2 or 3 different ligands. DISCUSS
145 152 TCR-MHC complex_assembly Second, molecular studies have not yet revealed a broad set of rules that determine TCR cross-reactivity because, with the exception of the allo–TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld that did not encounter each other during T cell development, studies have been limited to structures of a TCR with only 2 or 3 different ligands. DISCUSS
165 169 42F3 protein Second, molecular studies have not yet revealed a broad set of rules that determine TCR cross-reactivity because, with the exception of the allo–TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld that did not encounter each other during T cell development, studies have been limited to structures of a TCR with only 2 or 3 different ligands. DISCUSS
170 173 TCR complex_assembly Second, molecular studies have not yet revealed a broad set of rules that determine TCR cross-reactivity because, with the exception of the allo–TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld that did not encounter each other during T cell development, studies have been limited to structures of a TCR with only 2 or 3 different ligands. DISCUSS
178 183 H2-Ld protein Second, molecular studies have not yet revealed a broad set of rules that determine TCR cross-reactivity because, with the exception of the allo–TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld that did not encounter each other during T cell development, studies have been limited to structures of a TCR with only 2 or 3 different ligands. DISCUSS
274 284 structures evidence Second, molecular studies have not yet revealed a broad set of rules that determine TCR cross-reactivity because, with the exception of the allo–TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld that did not encounter each other during T cell development, studies have been limited to structures of a TCR with only 2 or 3 different ligands. DISCUSS
290 293 TCR complex_assembly Second, molecular studies have not yet revealed a broad set of rules that determine TCR cross-reactivity because, with the exception of the allo–TCR-MHC pair of the 42F3 TCR and H2-Ld that did not encounter each other during T cell development, studies have been limited to structures of a TCR with only 2 or 3 different ligands. DISCUSS
46 50 MHCI complex_assembly Here, we investigated a highly cross-reactive MHCI-restricted TCR isolated from a patient with T1D that recognizes an HLA-A*0201–restricted preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24). DISCUSS
62 65 TCR complex_assembly Here, we investigated a highly cross-reactive MHCI-restricted TCR isolated from a patient with T1D that recognizes an HLA-A*0201–restricted preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24). DISCUSS
118 128 HLA-A*0201 protein Here, we investigated a highly cross-reactive MHCI-restricted TCR isolated from a patient with T1D that recognizes an HLA-A*0201–restricted preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24). DISCUSS
140 153 preproinsulin protein Here, we investigated a highly cross-reactive MHCI-restricted TCR isolated from a patient with T1D that recognizes an HLA-A*0201–restricted preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24). DISCUSS
154 168 signal peptide structure_element Here, we investigated a highly cross-reactive MHCI-restricted TCR isolated from a patient with T1D that recognizes an HLA-A*0201–restricted preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24). DISCUSS
170 185 ALWGPDPAAA15–24 chemical Here, we investigated a highly cross-reactive MHCI-restricted TCR isolated from a patient with T1D that recognizes an HLA-A*0201–restricted preproinsulin signal peptide (ALWGPDPAAA15–24). DISCUSS
0 5 Human species Human CD8+ T cell clones expressing TCRs with this specificity mediate the destruction of β cells, have been found in islets early in infection, and are proposed to be a major driver of disease. DISCUSS
36 40 TCRs complex_assembly Human CD8+ T cell clones expressing TCRs with this specificity mediate the destruction of β cells, have been found in islets early in infection, and are proposed to be a major driver of disease. DISCUSS
3 9 solved experimental_method We solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 APLs to enable a comprehensive analysis of the molecular basis of TCR degeneracy. DISCUSS
14 23 structure evidence We solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 APLs to enable a comprehensive analysis of the molecular basis of TCR degeneracy. DISCUSS
31 38 1E6 TCR complex_assembly We solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 APLs to enable a comprehensive analysis of the molecular basis of TCR degeneracy. DISCUSS
46 50 APLs chemical We solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 APLs to enable a comprehensive analysis of the molecular basis of TCR degeneracy. DISCUSS
112 115 TCR complex_assembly We solved the structure of the 1E6 TCR with 7 APLs to enable a comprehensive analysis of the molecular basis of TCR degeneracy. DISCUSS
68 82 binding energy evidence Overall, the difference in antigen potency correlated well with the binding energy (ΔG° kcal/mol) of the 1E6 TCR for the different epitopes, which ranged from values of ΔG° = ~–4.4 to –8.6 kcal/mol (calculated from 3D affinity data) or 2D affinity values of AcKa = 2.5 × 105 to 4.4 × 102 μm4. DISCUSS
84 87 ΔG° evidence Overall, the difference in antigen potency correlated well with the binding energy (ΔG° kcal/mol) of the 1E6 TCR for the different epitopes, which ranged from values of ΔG° = ~–4.4 to –8.6 kcal/mol (calculated from 3D affinity data) or 2D affinity values of AcKa = 2.5 × 105 to 4.4 × 102 μm4. DISCUSS
105 112 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Overall, the difference in antigen potency correlated well with the binding energy (ΔG° kcal/mol) of the 1E6 TCR for the different epitopes, which ranged from values of ΔG° = ~–4.4 to –8.6 kcal/mol (calculated from 3D affinity data) or 2D affinity values of AcKa = 2.5 × 105 to 4.4 × 102 μm4. DISCUSS
169 172 ΔG° evidence Overall, the difference in antigen potency correlated well with the binding energy (ΔG° kcal/mol) of the 1E6 TCR for the different epitopes, which ranged from values of ΔG° = ~–4.4 to –8.6 kcal/mol (calculated from 3D affinity data) or 2D affinity values of AcKa = 2.5 × 105 to 4.4 × 102 μm4. DISCUSS
215 226 3D affinity evidence Overall, the difference in antigen potency correlated well with the binding energy (ΔG° kcal/mol) of the 1E6 TCR for the different epitopes, which ranged from values of ΔG° = ~–4.4 to –8.6 kcal/mol (calculated from 3D affinity data) or 2D affinity values of AcKa = 2.5 × 105 to 4.4 × 102 μm4. DISCUSS
236 247 2D affinity evidence Overall, the difference in antigen potency correlated well with the binding energy (ΔG° kcal/mol) of the 1E6 TCR for the different epitopes, which ranged from values of ΔG° = ~–4.4 to –8.6 kcal/mol (calculated from 3D affinity data) or 2D affinity values of AcKa = 2.5 × 105 to 4.4 × 102 μm4. DISCUSS
258 262 AcKa evidence Overall, the difference in antigen potency correlated well with the binding energy (ΔG° kcal/mol) of the 1E6 TCR for the different epitopes, which ranged from values of ΔG° = ~–4.4 to –8.6 kcal/mol (calculated from 3D affinity data) or 2D affinity values of AcKa = 2.5 × 105 to 4.4 × 102 μm4. DISCUSS
126 149 TCR 3D binding affinity evidence The weaker end of this spectrum extends our understanding of the limits in which T cells can functionally operate in terms of TCR 3D binding affinity and is in line with the types of very low affinity, yet fully functional self-reactive CD8+ T cells we have observed in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. DISCUSS
192 200 affinity evidence The weaker end of this spectrum extends our understanding of the limits in which T cells can functionally operate in terms of TCR 3D binding affinity and is in line with the types of very low affinity, yet fully functional self-reactive CD8+ T cells we have observed in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. DISCUSS
33 37 TCRs complex_assembly Previous studies of autoreactive TCRs have shown that their binding mode is generally atypical, either due to an unusual binding manner, weak TCR binding affinity, an unstable pMHC, or a combination of these factors. DISCUSS
142 162 TCR binding affinity evidence Previous studies of autoreactive TCRs have shown that their binding mode is generally atypical, either due to an unusual binding manner, weak TCR binding affinity, an unstable pMHC, or a combination of these factors. DISCUSS
167 175 unstable protein_state Previous studies of autoreactive TCRs have shown that their binding mode is generally atypical, either due to an unusual binding manner, weak TCR binding affinity, an unstable pMHC, or a combination of these factors. DISCUSS
176 180 pMHC complex_assembly Previous studies of autoreactive TCRs have shown that their binding mode is generally atypical, either due to an unusual binding manner, weak TCR binding affinity, an unstable pMHC, or a combination of these factors. DISCUSS
55 58 TCR complex_assembly Our data demonstrate the potential for an autoreactive TCR to bind with a conventional binding mode to a stable pMHC with antipathogen-like affinity (KD = 0.5 μM) depending on the peptide sequence. DISCUSS
105 111 stable protein_state Our data demonstrate the potential for an autoreactive TCR to bind with a conventional binding mode to a stable pMHC with antipathogen-like affinity (KD = 0.5 μM) depending on the peptide sequence. DISCUSS
112 116 pMHC complex_assembly Our data demonstrate the potential for an autoreactive TCR to bind with a conventional binding mode to a stable pMHC with antipathogen-like affinity (KD = 0.5 μM) depending on the peptide sequence. DISCUSS
140 148 affinity evidence Our data demonstrate the potential for an autoreactive TCR to bind with a conventional binding mode to a stable pMHC with antipathogen-like affinity (KD = 0.5 μM) depending on the peptide sequence. DISCUSS
150 152 KD evidence Our data demonstrate the potential for an autoreactive TCR to bind with a conventional binding mode to a stable pMHC with antipathogen-like affinity (KD = 0.5 μM) depending on the peptide sequence. DISCUSS
4 23 structural analysis experimental_method Our structural analysis revealed that the 1E6 TCR bound with a conserved conformation across all APLs investigated. DISCUSS
42 49 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Our structural analysis revealed that the 1E6 TCR bound with a conserved conformation across all APLs investigated. DISCUSS
50 55 bound protein_state Our structural analysis revealed that the 1E6 TCR bound with a conserved conformation across all APLs investigated. DISCUSS
63 85 conserved conformation protein_state Our structural analysis revealed that the 1E6 TCR bound with a conserved conformation across all APLs investigated. DISCUSS
97 101 APLs chemical Our structural analysis revealed that the 1E6 TCR bound with a conserved conformation across all APLs investigated. DISCUSS
73 76 TCR complex_assembly This binding orientation was mediated through a focused interaction with TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β that formed an aromatic cap over a central ‘GDP’ motif that was common to all APLs. DISCUSS
86 92 Tyr97α residue_name_number This binding orientation was mediated through a focused interaction with TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β that formed an aromatic cap over a central ‘GDP’ motif that was common to all APLs. DISCUSS
97 103 Trp97β residue_name_number This binding orientation was mediated through a focused interaction with TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β that formed an aromatic cap over a central ‘GDP’ motif that was common to all APLs. DISCUSS
119 131 aromatic cap structure_element This binding orientation was mediated through a focused interaction with TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β that formed an aromatic cap over a central ‘GDP’ motif that was common to all APLs. DISCUSS
147 158 ‘GDP’ motif structure_element This binding orientation was mediated through a focused interaction with TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β that formed an aromatic cap over a central ‘GDP’ motif that was common to all APLs. DISCUSS
182 186 APLs chemical This binding orientation was mediated through a focused interaction with TCR residues Tyr97α and Trp97β that formed an aromatic cap over a central ‘GDP’ motif that was common to all APLs. DISCUSS
54 63 GPD motif structure_element We have previously demonstrated the importance of the GPD motif using a peptide library scan, as well as a CPL scan approach. DISCUSS
72 92 peptide library scan experimental_method We have previously demonstrated the importance of the GPD motif using a peptide library scan, as well as a CPL scan approach. DISCUSS
107 115 CPL scan experimental_method We have previously demonstrated the importance of the GPD motif using a peptide library scan, as well as a CPL scan approach. DISCUSS
71 77 lacked protein_state Although the 1E6 T cell was able to activate weakly with peptides that lacked this motif, we were unable to robustly measure binding affinities or generate complex structures with these ligands, highlighting the central role of this interaction during 1E6 T cell antigen recognition. DISCUSS
125 143 binding affinities evidence Although the 1E6 T cell was able to activate weakly with peptides that lacked this motif, we were unable to robustly measure binding affinities or generate complex structures with these ligands, highlighting the central role of this interaction during 1E6 T cell antigen recognition. DISCUSS
164 174 structures evidence Although the 1E6 T cell was able to activate weakly with peptides that lacked this motif, we were unable to robustly measure binding affinities or generate complex structures with these ligands, highlighting the central role of this interaction during 1E6 T cell antigen recognition. DISCUSS
178 181 TCR complex_assembly This hotspot binding, defined as a localized cluster of interactions that dominate binding energy during protein-protein interactions, has been previously shown to contribute to TCR recognition of MHC as a mechanism that tunes T cell cross-reactivity by providing fixed anchor points that enable TCRs to tolerate a variable peptide cargo. DISCUSS
197 200 MHC complex_assembly This hotspot binding, defined as a localized cluster of interactions that dominate binding energy during protein-protein interactions, has been previously shown to contribute to TCR recognition of MHC as a mechanism that tunes T cell cross-reactivity by providing fixed anchor points that enable TCRs to tolerate a variable peptide cargo. DISCUSS
296 300 TCRs complex_assembly This hotspot binding, defined as a localized cluster of interactions that dominate binding energy during protein-protein interactions, has been previously shown to contribute to TCR recognition of MHC as a mechanism that tunes T cell cross-reactivity by providing fixed anchor points that enable TCRs to tolerate a variable peptide cargo. DISCUSS
40 43 TCR complex_assembly Alternatively, interactions between the TCR and peptide have been shown to dominate the energetic landscape during ligand engagement, ensuring that T cells retain peptide specificity. DISCUSS
38 45 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The binding mechanism utilized by the 1E6 TCR during pMHC recognition is consistent with both of these models. DISCUSS
53 57 pMHC complex_assembly The binding mechanism utilized by the 1E6 TCR during pMHC recognition is consistent with both of these models. DISCUSS
103 112 GPD motif structure_element Ligand engagement is dominated by peptide interactions, but hotspot-like interactions with the central GPD motif enable the 1E6 TCR to tolerate peptide residues that vary outside of this region, explaining how T cells expressing this TCR may cross-react with a large number of different peptides. DISCUSS
124 131 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Ligand engagement is dominated by peptide interactions, but hotspot-like interactions with the central GPD motif enable the 1E6 TCR to tolerate peptide residues that vary outside of this region, explaining how T cells expressing this TCR may cross-react with a large number of different peptides. DISCUSS
234 237 TCR complex_assembly Ligand engagement is dominated by peptide interactions, but hotspot-like interactions with the central GPD motif enable the 1E6 TCR to tolerate peptide residues that vary outside of this region, explaining how T cells expressing this TCR may cross-react with a large number of different peptides. DISCUSS
70 77 Hy.1B11 protein These findings are also analogous to the observed binding mode of the Hy.1B11 TCR, in which one aromatic residue of the TCR CDR3α loop anchored into a pocket created by a conserved peptide motif. DISCUSS
78 81 TCR complex_assembly These findings are also analogous to the observed binding mode of the Hy.1B11 TCR, in which one aromatic residue of the TCR CDR3α loop anchored into a pocket created by a conserved peptide motif. DISCUSS
120 123 TCR complex_assembly These findings are also analogous to the observed binding mode of the Hy.1B11 TCR, in which one aromatic residue of the TCR CDR3α loop anchored into a pocket created by a conserved peptide motif. DISCUSS
124 134 CDR3α loop structure_element These findings are also analogous to the observed binding mode of the Hy.1B11 TCR, in which one aromatic residue of the TCR CDR3α loop anchored into a pocket created by a conserved peptide motif. DISCUSS
59 62 TCR complex_assembly In both of these examples, self-recognition is mediated by TCR residues with aromatic side chains. DISCUSS
84 94 CDR2 loops structure_element Combined with evidence demonstrating that aromatic side chains are conserved in the CDR2 loops of TCRs from many species, we speculate that these aromatic residues could impart a level of “stickiness” to TCRs, which might be enriched in an autoimmune setting when the TCR often binds in a nonoptimal fashion. DISCUSS
98 102 TCRs complex_assembly Combined with evidence demonstrating that aromatic side chains are conserved in the CDR2 loops of TCRs from many species, we speculate that these aromatic residues could impart a level of “stickiness” to TCRs, which might be enriched in an autoimmune setting when the TCR often binds in a nonoptimal fashion. DISCUSS
204 208 TCRs complex_assembly Combined with evidence demonstrating that aromatic side chains are conserved in the CDR2 loops of TCRs from many species, we speculate that these aromatic residues could impart a level of “stickiness” to TCRs, which might be enriched in an autoimmune setting when the TCR often binds in a nonoptimal fashion. DISCUSS
268 271 TCR complex_assembly Combined with evidence demonstrating that aromatic side chains are conserved in the CDR2 loops of TCRs from many species, we speculate that these aromatic residues could impart a level of “stickiness” to TCRs, which might be enriched in an autoimmune setting when the TCR often binds in a nonoptimal fashion. DISCUSS
54 77 surface complementarity evidence Despite some weak statistical correlation between the surface complementarity (SC) and affinity, closer inspection of the interface revealed no obvious structural signature that could definitively explain the differences in antigen potency and TCR binding strength between the different ligands. DISCUSS
79 81 SC evidence Despite some weak statistical correlation between the surface complementarity (SC) and affinity, closer inspection of the interface revealed no obvious structural signature that could definitively explain the differences in antigen potency and TCR binding strength between the different ligands. DISCUSS
87 95 affinity evidence Despite some weak statistical correlation between the surface complementarity (SC) and affinity, closer inspection of the interface revealed no obvious structural signature that could definitively explain the differences in antigen potency and TCR binding strength between the different ligands. DISCUSS
122 131 interface site Despite some weak statistical correlation between the surface complementarity (SC) and affinity, closer inspection of the interface revealed no obvious structural signature that could definitively explain the differences in antigen potency and TCR binding strength between the different ligands. DISCUSS
224 239 antigen potency evidence Despite some weak statistical correlation between the surface complementarity (SC) and affinity, closer inspection of the interface revealed no obvious structural signature that could definitively explain the differences in antigen potency and TCR binding strength between the different ligands. DISCUSS
244 264 TCR binding strength evidence Despite some weak statistical correlation between the surface complementarity (SC) and affinity, closer inspection of the interface revealed no obvious structural signature that could definitively explain the differences in antigen potency and TCR binding strength between the different ligands. DISCUSS
102 123 central peptide bulge structure_element However, similar to our findings in other systems, modifications to residues outside of the canonical central peptide bulge were important for generating new interactions. DISCUSS
69 72 Arg residue_name For example, all of the stronger ligands encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 that enabled new interactions with 1E6 not present with the Ala at this position in the natural preproinsulin peptide. DISCUSS
76 79 Tyr residue_name For example, all of the stronger ligands encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 that enabled new interactions with 1E6 not present with the Ala at this position in the natural preproinsulin peptide. DISCUSS
101 102 1 residue_number For example, all of the stronger ligands encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 that enabled new interactions with 1E6 not present with the Ala at this position in the natural preproinsulin peptide. DISCUSS
163 166 Ala residue_name For example, all of the stronger ligands encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 that enabled new interactions with 1E6 not present with the Ala at this position in the natural preproinsulin peptide. DISCUSS
199 212 preproinsulin protein For example, all of the stronger ligands encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 that enabled new interactions with 1E6 not present with the Ala at this position in the natural preproinsulin peptide. DISCUSS
213 220 peptide chemical For example, all of the stronger ligands encoded larger side chains (Arg or Tyr) at peptide position 1 that enabled new interactions with 1E6 not present with the Ala at this position in the natural preproinsulin peptide. DISCUSS
69 83 anchor residue structure_element These data also explain our previous findings that alteration of the anchor residue at peptide position 2 (Leu-Gln) has a direct effect on 1E6 TCR binding affinity because our structural analysis demonstrated that 1E6 made 3 additional bonds with A2-AQWGPDPAAA compared with A2-ALWGPDPAAA, consistent with the >3-fold stronger binding affinity. DISCUSS
104 105 2 residue_number These data also explain our previous findings that alteration of the anchor residue at peptide position 2 (Leu-Gln) has a direct effect on 1E6 TCR binding affinity because our structural analysis demonstrated that 1E6 made 3 additional bonds with A2-AQWGPDPAAA compared with A2-ALWGPDPAAA, consistent with the >3-fold stronger binding affinity. DISCUSS
107 114 Leu-Gln mutant These data also explain our previous findings that alteration of the anchor residue at peptide position 2 (Leu-Gln) has a direct effect on 1E6 TCR binding affinity because our structural analysis demonstrated that 1E6 made 3 additional bonds with A2-AQWGPDPAAA compared with A2-ALWGPDPAAA, consistent with the >3-fold stronger binding affinity. DISCUSS
139 163 1E6 TCR binding affinity evidence These data also explain our previous findings that alteration of the anchor residue at peptide position 2 (Leu-Gln) has a direct effect on 1E6 TCR binding affinity because our structural analysis demonstrated that 1E6 made 3 additional bonds with A2-AQWGPDPAAA compared with A2-ALWGPDPAAA, consistent with the >3-fold stronger binding affinity. DISCUSS
176 195 structural analysis experimental_method These data also explain our previous findings that alteration of the anchor residue at peptide position 2 (Leu-Gln) has a direct effect on 1E6 TCR binding affinity because our structural analysis demonstrated that 1E6 made 3 additional bonds with A2-AQWGPDPAAA compared with A2-ALWGPDPAAA, consistent with the >3-fold stronger binding affinity. DISCUSS
247 260 A2-AQWGPDPAAA chemical These data also explain our previous findings that alteration of the anchor residue at peptide position 2 (Leu-Gln) has a direct effect on 1E6 TCR binding affinity because our structural analysis demonstrated that 1E6 made 3 additional bonds with A2-AQWGPDPAAA compared with A2-ALWGPDPAAA, consistent with the >3-fold stronger binding affinity. DISCUSS
275 288 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical These data also explain our previous findings that alteration of the anchor residue at peptide position 2 (Leu-Gln) has a direct effect on 1E6 TCR binding affinity because our structural analysis demonstrated that 1E6 made 3 additional bonds with A2-AQWGPDPAAA compared with A2-ALWGPDPAAA, consistent with the >3-fold stronger binding affinity. DISCUSS
327 343 binding affinity evidence These data also explain our previous findings that alteration of the anchor residue at peptide position 2 (Leu-Gln) has a direct effect on 1E6 TCR binding affinity because our structural analysis demonstrated that 1E6 made 3 additional bonds with A2-AQWGPDPAAA compared with A2-ALWGPDPAAA, consistent with the >3-fold stronger binding affinity. DISCUSS
56 57 2 residue_number We have recently demonstrated how a suboptimal position 2 anchor in a melanoma-derived antigen can improve TCR binding through a similar mechanism. DISCUSS
58 64 anchor structure_element We have recently demonstrated how a suboptimal position 2 anchor in a melanoma-derived antigen can improve TCR binding through a similar mechanism. DISCUSS
107 110 TCR complex_assembly We have recently demonstrated how a suboptimal position 2 anchor in a melanoma-derived antigen can improve TCR binding through a similar mechanism. DISCUSS
94 98 pMHC complex_assembly These results challenge the notion that the most potent peptide antigens exhibit the greatest pMHC stability and have implications for the design of anchor residue–modified heteroclitic peptides for vaccination. DISCUSS
6 28 thermodynamic analysis experimental_method Early thermodynamic analysis of TCR-pMHC interactions suggested a common energetic signature, driven by favorable enthalpy (generally mediated through an increase in electrostatic interactions) and unfavorable entropy (changes from disorder to order). DISCUSS
32 40 TCR-pMHC complex_assembly Early thermodynamic analysis of TCR-pMHC interactions suggested a common energetic signature, driven by favorable enthalpy (generally mediated through an increase in electrostatic interactions) and unfavorable entropy (changes from disorder to order). DISCUSS
114 122 enthalpy evidence Early thermodynamic analysis of TCR-pMHC interactions suggested a common energetic signature, driven by favorable enthalpy (generally mediated through an increase in electrostatic interactions) and unfavorable entropy (changes from disorder to order). DISCUSS
210 217 entropy evidence Early thermodynamic analysis of TCR-pMHC interactions suggested a common energetic signature, driven by favorable enthalpy (generally mediated through an increase in electrostatic interactions) and unfavorable entropy (changes from disorder to order). DISCUSS
35 50 structural data evidence These parameters aligned well with structural data, demonstrating that TCRs engaged pMHC using an induced fit binding mode. DISCUSS
71 75 TCRs complex_assembly These parameters aligned well with structural data, demonstrating that TCRs engaged pMHC using an induced fit binding mode. DISCUSS
84 88 pMHC complex_assembly These parameters aligned well with structural data, demonstrating that TCRs engaged pMHC using an induced fit binding mode. DISCUSS
42 46 TCRs complex_assembly However, more recent data have shown that TCRs can utilize a range of energetic strategies during pMHC binding, currently with no obvious pattern in terms of TCR affinity, binding mechanism, or specificity (pathogen, cancer, or self-ligands). DISCUSS
98 102 pMHC complex_assembly However, more recent data have shown that TCRs can utilize a range of energetic strategies during pMHC binding, currently with no obvious pattern in terms of TCR affinity, binding mechanism, or specificity (pathogen, cancer, or self-ligands). DISCUSS
158 170 TCR affinity evidence However, more recent data have shown that TCRs can utilize a range of energetic strategies during pMHC binding, currently with no obvious pattern in terms of TCR affinity, binding mechanism, or specificity (pathogen, cancer, or self-ligands). DISCUSS
63 67 TCRs complex_assembly Although no energetic signature appears to exist for different TCRs, we used thermodynamic analysis here to explore whether changes in energetics could help explain ligand discrimination by a single TCR. DISCUSS
77 99 thermodynamic analysis experimental_method Although no energetic signature appears to exist for different TCRs, we used thermodynamic analysis here to explore whether changes in energetics could help explain ligand discrimination by a single TCR. DISCUSS
199 202 TCR complex_assembly Although no energetic signature appears to exist for different TCRs, we used thermodynamic analysis here to explore whether changes in energetics could help explain ligand discrimination by a single TCR. DISCUSS
67 97 Pearson’s correlation analysis experimental_method This analysis demonstrated a strong relationship (according to the Pearson’s correlation analysis) between the energetic signature used by the 1E6 TCR and the sensitivity of the 1E6 T cell clone to different APLs. DISCUSS
143 150 1E6 TCR complex_assembly This analysis demonstrated a strong relationship (according to the Pearson’s correlation analysis) between the energetic signature used by the 1E6 TCR and the sensitivity of the 1E6 T cell clone to different APLs. DISCUSS
208 212 APLs chemical This analysis demonstrated a strong relationship (according to the Pearson’s correlation analysis) between the energetic signature used by the 1E6 TCR and the sensitivity of the 1E6 T cell clone to different APLs. DISCUSS
11 14 APL chemical The weaker APL ligands were characterized by favorable enthalpy and unfavorable entropy, whereas the stronger ligands progressively shifted to favorable entropy. DISCUSS
55 63 enthalpy evidence The weaker APL ligands were characterized by favorable enthalpy and unfavorable entropy, whereas the stronger ligands progressively shifted to favorable entropy. DISCUSS
80 87 entropy evidence The weaker APL ligands were characterized by favorable enthalpy and unfavorable entropy, whereas the stronger ligands progressively shifted to favorable entropy. DISCUSS
153 160 entropy evidence The weaker APL ligands were characterized by favorable enthalpy and unfavorable entropy, whereas the stronger ligands progressively shifted to favorable entropy. DISCUSS
80 89 unligated protein_state These differences were consistent with a greater degree of movement between the unligated and ligated pMHCs for the weaker ligands, suggesting a greater requirement for disorder-to-order changes during TCR binding. DISCUSS
94 101 ligated protein_state These differences were consistent with a greater degree of movement between the unligated and ligated pMHCs for the weaker ligands, suggesting a greater requirement for disorder-to-order changes during TCR binding. DISCUSS
102 107 pMHCs complex_assembly These differences were consistent with a greater degree of movement between the unligated and ligated pMHCs for the weaker ligands, suggesting a greater requirement for disorder-to-order changes during TCR binding. DISCUSS
202 205 TCR complex_assembly These differences were consistent with a greater degree of movement between the unligated and ligated pMHCs for the weaker ligands, suggesting a greater requirement for disorder-to-order changes during TCR binding. DISCUSS
272 280 ΔG value evidence Thus, the enhanced antigen potency was probably mediated through a shift from an induced fit to a lock-and-key interaction between the stronger ligands (less requirement for energetically unfavorable disorder-to-order changes), resulting in a more energetically favorable ΔG value. DISCUSS
17 30 preproinsulin protein Importantly, the preproinsulin-derived epitope was one of the least potent peptides, demonstrating that the 1E6 T cell clone had the ability to respond to different peptide sequences with far greater potency. DISCUSS
4 14 RQFGPDWIVA chemical The RQFGPDWIVA peptide, which was substantially more potent than the preproinsulin peptide, is within the proteome of a common human pathogen (C. asparagiforme), demonstrating the potential for an encounter between a naive 1E6-like T cell and a foreign peptide with a more potent ligand that might then break self-tolerance. DISCUSS
69 82 preproinsulin protein The RQFGPDWIVA peptide, which was substantially more potent than the preproinsulin peptide, is within the proteome of a common human pathogen (C. asparagiforme), demonstrating the potential for an encounter between a naive 1E6-like T cell and a foreign peptide with a more potent ligand that might then break self-tolerance. DISCUSS
127 132 human species The RQFGPDWIVA peptide, which was substantially more potent than the preproinsulin peptide, is within the proteome of a common human pathogen (C. asparagiforme), demonstrating the potential for an encounter between a naive 1E6-like T cell and a foreign peptide with a more potent ligand that might then break self-tolerance. DISCUSS
143 159 C. asparagiforme species The RQFGPDWIVA peptide, which was substantially more potent than the preproinsulin peptide, is within the proteome of a common human pathogen (C. asparagiforme), demonstrating the potential for an encounter between a naive 1E6-like T cell and a foreign peptide with a more potent ligand that might then break self-tolerance. DISCUSS
81 86 human species Indeed, we found over 50 decamer peptides from the proteome of likely, or known, human viral pathogens alone that contained both the conserved central GPD motif and anchor residues at positions 2 and 10 that would enable binding to HLA-A*02:01. DISCUSS
87 92 viral taxonomy_domain Indeed, we found over 50 decamer peptides from the proteome of likely, or known, human viral pathogens alone that contained both the conserved central GPD motif and anchor residues at positions 2 and 10 that would enable binding to HLA-A*02:01. DISCUSS
133 142 conserved protein_state Indeed, we found over 50 decamer peptides from the proteome of likely, or known, human viral pathogens alone that contained both the conserved central GPD motif and anchor residues at positions 2 and 10 that would enable binding to HLA-A*02:01. DISCUSS
151 160 GPD motif structure_element Indeed, we found over 50 decamer peptides from the proteome of likely, or known, human viral pathogens alone that contained both the conserved central GPD motif and anchor residues at positions 2 and 10 that would enable binding to HLA-A*02:01. DISCUSS
165 180 anchor residues structure_element Indeed, we found over 50 decamer peptides from the proteome of likely, or known, human viral pathogens alone that contained both the conserved central GPD motif and anchor residues at positions 2 and 10 that would enable binding to HLA-A*02:01. DISCUSS
194 195 2 residue_number Indeed, we found over 50 decamer peptides from the proteome of likely, or known, human viral pathogens alone that contained both the conserved central GPD motif and anchor residues at positions 2 and 10 that would enable binding to HLA-A*02:01. DISCUSS
200 202 10 residue_number Indeed, we found over 50 decamer peptides from the proteome of likely, or known, human viral pathogens alone that contained both the conserved central GPD motif and anchor residues at positions 2 and 10 that would enable binding to HLA-A*02:01. DISCUSS
232 243 HLA-A*02:01 protein Indeed, we found over 50 decamer peptides from the proteome of likely, or known, human viral pathogens alone that contained both the conserved central GPD motif and anchor residues at positions 2 and 10 that would enable binding to HLA-A*02:01. DISCUSS
83 88 human species Further experiments will be required to determine whether any naturally presented, human pathogen–derived peptides act as active ligands for 1E6, but our work presented here demonstrates that it is at least feasible for an autoimmune TCR to bind to a different peptide sequence that could be present in a pathogen proteome with substantially higher affinity and potency than the interaction it might use to attack self-tissue. DISCUSS
234 237 TCR complex_assembly Further experiments will be required to determine whether any naturally presented, human pathogen–derived peptides act as active ligands for 1E6, but our work presented here demonstrates that it is at least feasible for an autoimmune TCR to bind to a different peptide sequence that could be present in a pathogen proteome with substantially higher affinity and potency than the interaction it might use to attack self-tissue. DISCUSS
349 357 affinity evidence Further experiments will be required to determine whether any naturally presented, human pathogen–derived peptides act as active ligands for 1E6, but our work presented here demonstrates that it is at least feasible for an autoimmune TCR to bind to a different peptide sequence that could be present in a pathogen proteome with substantially higher affinity and potency than the interaction it might use to attack self-tissue. DISCUSS
150 155 human species In summary, this investigation into the molecular basis of T cell cross-reactivity using a clinically relevant cytotoxic CD8+ T cell clone that kills human pancreatic β cells provides answers to a number of previously outstanding questions. DISCUSS
36 39 TCR complex_assembly First, our data shows that a single TCR has the potential to functionally (assessed through T cell activation) bind to different ligands with affinities ranging across 3 orders of magnitude. DISCUSS
142 152 affinities evidence First, our data shows that a single TCR has the potential to functionally (assessed through T cell activation) bind to different ligands with affinities ranging across 3 orders of magnitude. DISCUSS
96 101 human species Second, this is the first example in which ligands have been identified and characterized for a human autoreactive TCR that are substantially more potent than the natural self-ligand, demonstrating the potential for a pathogenic ligand to break self-tolerance and prime self-reactive T cells. DISCUSS
115 118 TCR complex_assembly Second, this is the first example in which ligands have been identified and characterized for a human autoreactive TCR that are substantially more potent than the natural self-ligand, demonstrating the potential for a pathogenic ligand to break self-tolerance and prime self-reactive T cells. DISCUSS
18 37 structural analysis experimental_method Third, this first structural analysis of a cross-reactive human MHCI–restricted autoimmune TCR showed that degeneracy was mediated through TCR-pMHC anchoring by a conserved minimal binding peptide motif. DISCUSS
58 63 human species Third, this first structural analysis of a cross-reactive human MHCI–restricted autoimmune TCR showed that degeneracy was mediated through TCR-pMHC anchoring by a conserved minimal binding peptide motif. DISCUSS
64 68 MHCI complex_assembly Third, this first structural analysis of a cross-reactive human MHCI–restricted autoimmune TCR showed that degeneracy was mediated through TCR-pMHC anchoring by a conserved minimal binding peptide motif. DISCUSS
91 94 TCR complex_assembly Third, this first structural analysis of a cross-reactive human MHCI–restricted autoimmune TCR showed that degeneracy was mediated through TCR-pMHC anchoring by a conserved minimal binding peptide motif. DISCUSS
139 147 TCR-pMHC complex_assembly Third, this first structural analysis of a cross-reactive human MHCI–restricted autoimmune TCR showed that degeneracy was mediated through TCR-pMHC anchoring by a conserved minimal binding peptide motif. DISCUSS
163 172 conserved protein_state Third, this first structural analysis of a cross-reactive human MHCI–restricted autoimmune TCR showed that degeneracy was mediated through TCR-pMHC anchoring by a conserved minimal binding peptide motif. DISCUSS
173 202 minimal binding peptide motif structure_element Third, this first structural analysis of a cross-reactive human MHCI–restricted autoimmune TCR showed that degeneracy was mediated through TCR-pMHC anchoring by a conserved minimal binding peptide motif. DISCUSS
9 12 TCR complex_assembly Finally, TCR ligand discrimination was characterized by an energetic shift from an enthalpically to entropically driven interaction. DISCUSS
80 93 preproinsulin protein Our demonstration of the molecular mechanism governing cross-reactivity by this preproinsulin reactive human CD8+ T cell clone supports the notion first put forward by Wucherpfennig and Strominger that molecular mimicry could mediate autoimmunity and has far-reaching implications for the complex nature of T cell antigen discrimination. DISCUSS
103 108 human species Our demonstration of the molecular mechanism governing cross-reactivity by this preproinsulin reactive human CD8+ T cell clone supports the notion first put forward by Wucherpfennig and Strominger that molecular mimicry could mediate autoimmunity and has far-reaching implications for the complex nature of T cell antigen discrimination. DISCUSS
62 66 APLs chemical The 1E6 T cell clone reacts with a broad sensitivity range to APLs. FIG
47 69 peptide dilution assay experimental_method (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
91 101 MVWGPDPLYV chemical (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
110 120 YLGGPDFPTI chemical (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
128 138 ALWGPDPAAA chemical (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
147 157 AQWGPDPAAA chemical (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
167 177 RQFGPDWIVA chemical (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
191 201 RQWGPDPAAV chemical (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
212 222 YQFGPDFPTA chemical (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
237 247 RQFGPDFPTI chemical (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
277 287 HLA-A*0201 protein (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
324 330 MIP-1β protein (A and B) The 1E6 T cell clone was tested in a peptide dilution assay, in triplicate, with MVWGPDPLYV (gray), YLGGPDFPTI (red), ALWGPDPAAA (blue), AQWGPDPAAA (green), RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue), RQWGPDPAAV (purple), YQFGPDFPTA (yellow), and RQFGPDFPTI (cyan) peptides presented by HLA-A*0201–expressing C1R cells for release of MIP-1β (A) and killing (B). FIG
57 66 tetramers oligomeric_state (C) The 1E6 T cell clone was stained, in duplicate, with tetramers composed of each APL (colored as above) presented by HLA-A*0201. (D) The stability of each APL (colored as above) was tested, in duplicate, using CD by recording the peak at 218 nm absorbance from 5°C–90°C. FIG
84 87 APL chemical (C) The 1E6 T cell clone was stained, in duplicate, with tetramers composed of each APL (colored as above) presented by HLA-A*0201. (D) The stability of each APL (colored as above) was tested, in duplicate, using CD by recording the peak at 218 nm absorbance from 5°C–90°C. FIG
120 130 HLA-A*0201 protein (C) The 1E6 T cell clone was stained, in duplicate, with tetramers composed of each APL (colored as above) presented by HLA-A*0201. (D) The stability of each APL (colored as above) was tested, in duplicate, using CD by recording the peak at 218 nm absorbance from 5°C–90°C. FIG
158 161 APL chemical (C) The 1E6 T cell clone was stained, in duplicate, with tetramers composed of each APL (colored as above) presented by HLA-A*0201. (D) The stability of each APL (colored as above) was tested, in duplicate, using CD by recording the peak at 218 nm absorbance from 5°C–90°C. FIG
213 215 CD experimental_method (C) The 1E6 T cell clone was stained, in duplicate, with tetramers composed of each APL (colored as above) presented by HLA-A*0201. (D) The stability of each APL (colored as above) was tested, in duplicate, using CD by recording the peak at 218 nm absorbance from 5°C–90°C. FIG
0 2 Tm evidence Tm values were calculated using a Boltzmann fit to each set of data. FIG
34 67 Boltzmann fit to each set of data experimental_method Tm values were calculated using a Boltzmann fit to each set of data. FIG
0 26 3D and 2D binding analysis experimental_method 3D and 2D binding analysis of the 1E6 TCR with A2-ALW and the APLs. FIG
34 41 1E6 TCR complex_assembly 3D and 2D binding analysis of the 1E6 TCR with A2-ALW and the APLs. FIG
47 53 A2-ALW chemical 3D and 2D binding analysis of the 1E6 TCR with A2-ALW and the APLs. FIG
62 66 APLs chemical 3D and 2D binding analysis of the 1E6 TCR with A2-ALW and the APLs. FIG
6 22 Binding affinity evidence (A–H) Binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction at 25°C using SPR. FIG
30 37 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (A–H) Binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction at 25°C using SPR. FIG
64 67 SPR experimental_method (A–H) Binding affinity of the 1E6 TCR interaction at 25°C using SPR. FIG
30 37 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Eight serial dilutions of the 1E6 TCR were measured (shown in the inset); representative data from 3 independent experiments are plotted. FIG
4 32 equilibrium binding constant evidence The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y= [P1x]/[P2 + X]). FIG
34 36 KD evidence The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y= [P1x]/[P2 + X]). FIG
69 88 nonlinear curve fit experimental_method The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y= [P1x]/[P2 + X]). FIG
41 48 1E6 TCR complex_assembly In order to calculate each response, the 1E6 TCR was also injected over a control sample (HLA-A*0201–ILAKFLHWL) that was deducted from the experimental data. FIG
90 110 HLA-A*0201–ILAKFLHWL complex_assembly In order to calculate each response, the 1E6 TCR was also injected over a control sample (HLA-A*0201–ILAKFLHWL) that was deducted from the experimental data. FIG
4 21 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
47 64 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
90 107 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
113 130 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
136 153 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
159 176 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
182 199 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
209 226 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
232 241 ΔG values evidence (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
259 262 SPR experimental_method (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
294 298 EC50 evidence (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
396 426 Pearson’s coefficient analysis experimental_method (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
428 429 r evidence (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
435 436 P evidence (A) 1E6-A2-MVWGPDPLYV (approximate value); (B) 1E6-A2-YLGGPDFPTI (approximate value); (C) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (D) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (E) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (F) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV; (G) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (H) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. (I) ΔG values, calculated from SPR experiments, plotted against 1/EC50 (the reciprocal peptide concentration required to reach half-maximal 1E6 T cell killing) showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value (including approximate values from A and B). FIG
4 25 Effective 2D affinity evidence (J) Effective 2D affinity (AcKa) calculated using adhesion frequency assays, using at least 5 cell pairs, and calculated as an average of 100 cell cell contacts. FIG
27 31 AcKa evidence (J) Effective 2D affinity (AcKa) calculated using adhesion frequency assays, using at least 5 cell pairs, and calculated as an average of 100 cell cell contacts. FIG
50 75 adhesion frequency assays experimental_method (J) Effective 2D affinity (AcKa) calculated using adhesion frequency assays, using at least 5 cell pairs, and calculated as an average of 100 cell cell contacts. FIG
4 25 Effective 2D affinity evidence (K) Effective 2D affinity plotted against 1/EC50 showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value. FIG
44 48 EC50 evidence (K) Effective 2D affinity plotted against 1/EC50 showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value. FIG
57 87 Pearson’s coefficient analysis experimental_method (K) Effective 2D affinity plotted against 1/EC50 showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value. FIG
89 90 r evidence (K) Effective 2D affinity plotted against 1/EC50 showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value. FIG
96 103 P value evidence (K) Effective 2D affinity plotted against 1/EC50 showing Pearson’s coefficient analysis (r) and P value. FIG
4 11 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR uses a conserved binding mode to engage A2-ALWGPDPAAA and the APLs. FIG
52 65 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical The 1E6 TCR uses a conserved binding mode to engage A2-ALWGPDPAAA and the APLs. FIG
74 78 APLs chemical The 1E6 TCR uses a conserved binding mode to engage A2-ALWGPDPAAA and the APLs. FIG
4 17 Superposition experimental_method (A) Superposition of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored illustration) in complex with all 7 APLs (multicolored sticks) and the A2-ALWGPDPAAA ligand using the HLA-A*0201 (gray illustration) molecule to align all of the structures. FIG
25 32 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (A) Superposition of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored illustration) in complex with all 7 APLs (multicolored sticks) and the A2-ALWGPDPAAA ligand using the HLA-A*0201 (gray illustration) molecule to align all of the structures. FIG
61 76 in complex with protein_state (A) Superposition of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored illustration) in complex with all 7 APLs (multicolored sticks) and the A2-ALWGPDPAAA ligand using the HLA-A*0201 (gray illustration) molecule to align all of the structures. FIG
83 87 APLs chemical (A) Superposition of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored illustration) in complex with all 7 APLs (multicolored sticks) and the A2-ALWGPDPAAA ligand using the HLA-A*0201 (gray illustration) molecule to align all of the structures. FIG
118 131 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical (A) Superposition of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored illustration) in complex with all 7 APLs (multicolored sticks) and the A2-ALWGPDPAAA ligand using the HLA-A*0201 (gray illustration) molecule to align all of the structures. FIG
149 159 HLA-A*0201 protein (A) Superposition of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored illustration) in complex with all 7 APLs (multicolored sticks) and the A2-ALWGPDPAAA ligand using the HLA-A*0201 (gray illustration) molecule to align all of the structures. FIG
192 197 align experimental_method (A) Superposition of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored illustration) in complex with all 7 APLs (multicolored sticks) and the A2-ALWGPDPAAA ligand using the HLA-A*0201 (gray illustration) molecule to align all of the structures. FIG
209 219 structures evidence (A) Superposition of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored illustration) in complex with all 7 APLs (multicolored sticks) and the A2-ALWGPDPAAA ligand using the HLA-A*0201 (gray illustration) molecule to align all of the structures. FIG
4 11 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR and each peptide are colored according to the APL used in the complex as in Figure 1. (B) Position of the 1E6 TCR CDR loops (multicolored lines) in each complex. FIG
58 61 APL chemical The 1E6 TCR and each peptide are colored according to the APL used in the complex as in Figure 1. (B) Position of the 1E6 TCR CDR loops (multicolored lines) in each complex. FIG
118 125 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR and each peptide are colored according to the APL used in the complex as in Figure 1. (B) Position of the 1E6 TCR CDR loops (multicolored lines) in each complex. FIG
126 135 CDR loops structure_element The 1E6 TCR and each peptide are colored according to the APL used in the complex as in Figure 1. (B) Position of the 1E6 TCR CDR loops (multicolored lines) in each complex. FIG
4 14 ALWGPDPAAA chemical The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
54 79 HLA-A*0201 binding groove site The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
137 140 APL chemical The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
191 201 HLA-A*0201 protein The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
202 212 α1 helices structure_element The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
238 252 Crossing angle evidence The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
260 267 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
360 370 ALWGPDPAAA chemical The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
394 402 bound in protein_state The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
407 432 HLA-A*0201 binding groove site The ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) is shown in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). (C) The Cα backbone conformation of each APL (multicolored illustration) in the context of the HLA-A*0201 α1 helices (gray illustration). (D) Crossing angle of the 1E6 TCR (multicolored lines) calculated using previously published parameters in the context of the ALWGPDPAAA peptide (green sticks) bound in the HLA-A*0201 binding groove (gray surface). FIG
31 40 GPD motif structure_element A conserved interaction with a GPD motif underpins the 1E6 TCR interaction with the APLs. FIG
55 62 1E6 TCR complex_assembly A conserved interaction with a GPD motif underpins the 1E6 TCR interaction with the APLs. FIG
84 88 APLs chemical A conserved interaction with a GPD motif underpins the 1E6 TCR interaction with the APLs. FIG
20 27 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
57 63 Tyr97α residue_name_number Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
68 74 Tyr97β residue_name_number Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
117 120 TCR complex_assembly Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
121 136 in complex with protein_state Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
143 147 APLs chemical Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
177 190 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
247 264 GPD peptide motif structure_element Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
309 313 APLs chemical Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
318 331 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
332 347 in complex with protein_state Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
352 359 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Interaction between 1E6 TCR (gray illustration) residues Tyr97α and Tyr97β (the position of these side chains in the TCR in complex with all 7 APLs, and the previously reported A2-ALWGPDPAAA epitope, is shown in multicolored sticks; ref.) and the GPD peptide motif (the position of these side chains in all 7 APLs and A2-ALWGPDPAAA in complex with the 1E6 TCR is shown in multicolored sticks). FIG
33 36 MHC complex_assembly The rest of the peptide, and the MHCα1 helix, are shown as a gray illustration. FIG
36 44 α1 helix structure_element The rest of the peptide, and the MHCα1 helix, are shown as a gray illustration. FIG
4 11 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR makes distinct peptide contacts with peripheral APL residues. FIG
60 63 APL chemical The 1E6 TCR makes distinct peptide contacts with peripheral APL residues. FIG
25 32 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and peptide residues outside of the conserved GPD motif. FIG
69 78 conserved protein_state Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and peptide residues outside of the conserved GPD motif. FIG
79 88 GPD motif structure_element Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and peptide residues outside of the conserved GPD motif. FIG
4 7 MHC complex_assembly The MHCα1 helix is shown in gray illustrations. FIG
7 15 α1 helix structure_element The MHCα1 helix is shown in gray illustrations. FIG
0 14 Hydrogen bonds bond_interaction Hydrogen bonds are shown as red dotted lines; van der Waals (vdW) contacts are shown as black dotted lines. FIG
46 74 van der Waals (vdW) contacts bond_interaction Hydrogen bonds are shown as red dotted lines; van der Waals (vdW) contacts are shown as black dotted lines. FIG
38 45 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Boxes show total contacts between the 1E6 TCR and each peptide ligand. FIG
28 35 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
72 85 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
147 154 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
189 202 A2-YLGGPDFPTI chemical (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
262 269 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
305 318 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
28 35 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
72 85 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
147 154 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
189 202 A2-YLGGPDFPTI chemical (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
262 269 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
305 318 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical (A) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (black illustration and sticks) and A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black illustration and sticks). (B) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (red illustration and sticks) and A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red illustration and sticks). (C) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (blue illustration and sticks) and A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue illustration and sticks) reproduced from previous published data. FIG
28 35 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
72 85 A2-AQWGPDPAAA chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
147 154 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
195 208 A2-RQFGPDWIVA chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
274 281 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
319 332 A2-RQWGPDPAAV chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
395 402 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
440 453 A2-YQFGPDFPTA chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
516 523 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
559 572 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
28 35 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
72 85 A2-AQWGPDPAAA chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
147 154 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
195 208 A2-RQFGPDWIVA chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
274 281 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
319 332 A2-RQWGPDPAAV chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
395 402 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
440 453 A2-YQFGPDFPTA chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
516 523 1E6 TCR complex_assembly (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
559 572 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical (D) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (green illustration and sticks) and A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green illustration and sticks). (E) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (dark blue illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue illustration and sticks). (F) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (purple illustration and sticks) and A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple illustration and sticks). (G) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (yellow illustration and sticks) and A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow illustration and sticks). (H) Interaction between the 1E6 TCR (cyan illustration and sticks) and A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan illustration and sticks). FIG
14 21 ligated protein_state Comparison of ligated and unligated APLs. FIG
26 35 unligated protein_state Comparison of ligated and unligated APLs. FIG
36 40 APLs chemical Comparison of ligated and unligated APLs. FIG
0 13 Superposition experimental_method Superposition of each APL in unligated form and ligated to the 1E6 TCR. FIG
22 25 APL chemical Superposition of each APL in unligated form and ligated to the 1E6 TCR. FIG
29 38 unligated protein_state Superposition of each APL in unligated form and ligated to the 1E6 TCR. FIG
48 55 ligated protein_state Superposition of each APL in unligated form and ligated to the 1E6 TCR. FIG
63 70 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Superposition of each APL in unligated form and ligated to the 1E6 TCR. FIG
4 13 unligated protein_state All unligated pMHCs are shown as light green illustrations. FIG
14 19 pMHCs complex_assembly All unligated pMHCs are shown as light green illustrations. FIG
44 53 structure evidence Peptide sequences are shown underneath each structure aligned with the peptide structure. FIG
79 88 structure evidence Peptide sequences are shown underneath each structure aligned with the peptide structure. FIG
4 17 A2-MVWGPDPLYV chemical (A) A2-MVWGPDPLYV (black sticks). FIG
46 50 Tyr8 residue_name_number A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
58 65 ligated protein_state A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
73 82 unligated protein_state A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
110 123 A2-YLGGPDFPTI chemical A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
142 155 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
215 228 A2-AQWGPDPAAA chemical A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
249 262 A2-RQFGPDWIVA chemical A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
287 300 A2-RQWGPDPAAV chemical A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
322 335 A2-YQFGPDFPTA chemical A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
357 370 A2-RQFGPDFPTI chemical A large conformational shift was observed for Tyr8 in the ligated versus unligated states (black circle). (B) A2-YLGGPDFPTI (red sticks). (C) A2-ALWGPDPAAA (blue sticks) reproduced from previous published data. (D) A2-AQWGPDPAAA (green sticks). (E) A2-RQFGPDWIVA (dark blue sticks). (F) A2-RQWGPDPAAV (purple sticks). (G) A2-YQFGPDFPTA (yellow sticks). (H) A2-RQFGPDFPTI (cyan sticks). FIG
4 11 1E6 TCR complex_assembly The 1E6 TCR makes distinct peptide contacts with the MHC surface depending on the peptide cargo. FIG
53 64 MHC surface site The 1E6 TCR makes distinct peptide contacts with the MHC surface depending on the peptide cargo. FIG
25 32 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and the MHC α1 helix residues Arg65, Lys66, and Gln72. FIG
41 44 MHC complex_assembly Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and the MHC α1 helix residues Arg65, Lys66, and Gln72. FIG
45 53 α1 helix structure_element Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and the MHC α1 helix residues Arg65, Lys66, and Gln72. FIG
63 68 Arg65 residue_name_number Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and the MHC α1 helix residues Arg65, Lys66, and Gln72. FIG
70 75 Lys66 residue_name_number Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and the MHC α1 helix residues Arg65, Lys66, and Gln72. FIG
81 86 Gln72 residue_name_number Interactions between the 1E6 TCR and the MHC α1 helix residues Arg65, Lys66, and Gln72. FIG
0 14 Hydrogen bonds bond_interaction Hydrogen bonds are shown as red dotted lines; vdW contacts are shown as black dotted lines. FIG
46 49 vdW bond_interaction Hydrogen bonds are shown as red dotted lines; vdW contacts are shown as black dotted lines. FIG
0 3 MHC complex_assembly MHCα1 helix are shown in gray illustrations. FIG
3 11 α1 helix structure_element MHCα1 helix are shown in gray illustrations. FIG
38 45 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Boxes show total contacts between the 1E6 TCR and these key residues (green boxes are MHC residues; white boxes are TCR residues). FIG
86 89 MHC complex_assembly Boxes show total contacts between the 1E6 TCR and these key residues (green boxes are MHC residues; white boxes are TCR residues). FIG
116 119 TCR complex_assembly Boxes show total contacts between the 1E6 TCR and these key residues (green boxes are MHC residues; white boxes are TCR residues). FIG
0 22 Thermodynamic analysis experimental_method Thermodynamic analysis of the 1E6 TCR with A2-ALWGPDPAAA and the APLs. FIG
30 37 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Thermodynamic analysis of the 1E6 TCR with A2-ALWGPDPAAA and the APLs. FIG
43 56 A2-ALWGPDPAAA chemical Thermodynamic analysis of the 1E6 TCR with A2-ALWGPDPAAA and the APLs. FIG
65 69 APLs chemical Thermodynamic analysis of the 1E6 TCR with A2-ALWGPDPAAA and the APLs. FIG
30 37 1E6 TCR complex_assembly Eight serial dilutions of the 1E6 TCR were injected, in duplicate, over each immobilized APL and A2-ALW at 5°C, 13°C, 18°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 37°C. FIG
89 92 APL chemical Eight serial dilutions of the 1E6 TCR were injected, in duplicate, over each immobilized APL and A2-ALW at 5°C, 13°C, 18°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 37°C. FIG
97 103 A2-ALW chemical Eight serial dilutions of the 1E6 TCR were injected, in duplicate, over each immobilized APL and A2-ALW at 5°C, 13°C, 18°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 37°C. FIG
4 32 equilibrium binding constant evidence The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y = [P1x]/[P2 + X]), and thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation (ΔG° = ΔH − TΔS°). FIG
34 36 KD evidence The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y = [P1x]/[P2 + X]), and thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation (ΔG° = ΔH − TΔS°). FIG
69 88 nonlinear curve fit experimental_method The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y = [P1x]/[P2 + X]), and thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation (ΔG° = ΔH − TΔS°). FIG
173 197 Gibbs-Helmholtz equation experimental_method The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y = [P1x]/[P2 + X]), and thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation (ΔG° = ΔH − TΔS°). FIG
199 202 ΔG° evidence The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y = [P1x]/[P2 + X]), and thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation (ΔG° = ΔH − TΔS°). FIG
205 207 ΔH evidence The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y = [P1x]/[P2 + X]), and thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation (ΔG° = ΔH − TΔS°). FIG
210 214 TΔS° evidence The equilibrium binding constant (KD) values were calculated using a nonlinear curve fit (y = [P1x]/[P2 + X]), and thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation (ΔG° = ΔH − TΔS°). FIG
4 25 binding free energies evidence The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
27 30 ΔG° evidence The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
32 35 ΔG° evidence The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
90 110 nonlinear regression experimental_method The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
135 154 van’t Hoff equation experimental_method The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
156 164 RT ln KD evidence The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
167 170 ΔH° evidence The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
173 177 TΔS° evidence The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
180 184 ΔCp° evidence The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
193 198 TΔCp° evidence The binding free energies, ΔG° (ΔG° = RTlnKD), were plotted against temperature (K) using nonlinear regression to fit the 3-parameters van’t Hoff equation (RT ln KD = ΔH° – TΔS° + ΔCp°[T-T0] – TΔCp° ln [T/T0] with T0 = 298 K). FIG
4 21 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (B) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (C) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (D) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV, (E) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (F) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. FIG
27 44 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (B) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (C) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (D) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV, (E) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (F) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. FIG
50 67 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (B) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (C) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (D) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV, (E) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (F) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. FIG
73 90 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (B) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (C) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (D) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV, (E) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (F) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. FIG
96 113 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (B) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (C) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (D) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV, (E) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (F) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. FIG
123 140 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI complex_assembly (A) 1E6-A2-ALWGPDPAAA; (B) 1E6-A2-AQWGPDPAAA; (C) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDWIVA; (D) 1E6-A2-RQWGPDPAAV, (E) 1E6-A2-YQFGPDFPTA; and (F) 1E6-A2-RQFGPDFPTI. FIG
0 12 1E6 TCR-pMHC complex_assembly 1E6 TCR-pMHC contacts, affinity measurements and thermodynamics TABLE
23 44 affinity measurements experimental_method 1E6 TCR-pMHC contacts, affinity measurements and thermodynamics TABLE
49 63 thermodynamics experimental_method 1E6 TCR-pMHC contacts, affinity measurements and thermodynamics TABLE