| anno_start anno_end anno_text entity_type sentence section | |
| 4 9 Taf14 protein The Taf14 YEATS domain is a reader of histone crotonylation TITLE | |
| 10 22 YEATS domain structure_element The Taf14 YEATS domain is a reader of histone crotonylation TITLE | |
| 38 45 histone protein_type The Taf14 YEATS domain is a reader of histone crotonylation TITLE | |
| 46 59 crotonylation ptm The Taf14 YEATS domain is a reader of histone crotonylation TITLE | |
| 21 28 histone protein_type The discovery of new histone modifications is unfolding at startling rates, however, the identification of effectors capable of interpreting these modifications has lagged behind. ABSTRACT | |
| 19 31 YEATS domain structure_element Here we report the YEATS domain as an effective reader of histone lysine crotonylation – an epigenetic signature associated with active transcription. ABSTRACT | |
| 58 65 histone protein_type Here we report the YEATS domain as an effective reader of histone lysine crotonylation – an epigenetic signature associated with active transcription. ABSTRACT | |
| 66 72 lysine residue_name Here we report the YEATS domain as an effective reader of histone lysine crotonylation – an epigenetic signature associated with active transcription. ABSTRACT | |
| 73 86 crotonylation ptm Here we report the YEATS domain as an effective reader of histone lysine crotonylation – an epigenetic signature associated with active transcription. ABSTRACT | |
| 17 22 Taf14 protein We show that the Taf14 YEATS domain engages crotonyllysine via a unique π-π-π-stacking mechanism and that other YEATS domains have crotonyllysine binding activity. ABSTRACT | |
| 23 35 YEATS domain structure_element We show that the Taf14 YEATS domain engages crotonyllysine via a unique π-π-π-stacking mechanism and that other YEATS domains have crotonyllysine binding activity. ABSTRACT | |
| 44 58 crotonyllysine residue_name We show that the Taf14 YEATS domain engages crotonyllysine via a unique π-π-π-stacking mechanism and that other YEATS domains have crotonyllysine binding activity. ABSTRACT | |
| 72 86 π-π-π-stacking bond_interaction We show that the Taf14 YEATS domain engages crotonyllysine via a unique π-π-π-stacking mechanism and that other YEATS domains have crotonyllysine binding activity. ABSTRACT | |
| 112 125 YEATS domains structure_element We show that the Taf14 YEATS domain engages crotonyllysine via a unique π-π-π-stacking mechanism and that other YEATS domains have crotonyllysine binding activity. ABSTRACT | |
| 131 145 crotonyllysine residue_name We show that the Taf14 YEATS domain engages crotonyllysine via a unique π-π-π-stacking mechanism and that other YEATS domains have crotonyllysine binding activity. ABSTRACT | |
| 0 13 Crotonylation ptm Crotonylation of lysine residues (crotonyllysine, Kcr) has emerged as one of the fundamental histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) found in mammalian chromatin. INTRO | |
| 17 23 lysine residue_name Crotonylation of lysine residues (crotonyllysine, Kcr) has emerged as one of the fundamental histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) found in mammalian chromatin. INTRO | |
| 34 48 crotonyllysine residue_name Crotonylation of lysine residues (crotonyllysine, Kcr) has emerged as one of the fundamental histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) found in mammalian chromatin. INTRO | |
| 50 53 Kcr residue_name Crotonylation of lysine residues (crotonyllysine, Kcr) has emerged as one of the fundamental histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) found in mammalian chromatin. INTRO | |
| 93 100 histone protein_type Crotonylation of lysine residues (crotonyllysine, Kcr) has emerged as one of the fundamental histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) found in mammalian chromatin. INTRO | |
| 150 159 mammalian taxonomy_domain Crotonylation of lysine residues (crotonyllysine, Kcr) has emerged as one of the fundamental histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) found in mammalian chromatin. INTRO | |
| 4 18 crotonyllysine residue_name The crotonyllysine mark on histone H3K18 is produced by p300, a histone acetyltransferase also responsible for acetylation of histones. INTRO | |
| 27 34 histone protein_type The crotonyllysine mark on histone H3K18 is produced by p300, a histone acetyltransferase also responsible for acetylation of histones. INTRO | |
| 35 37 H3 protein_type The crotonyllysine mark on histone H3K18 is produced by p300, a histone acetyltransferase also responsible for acetylation of histones. INTRO | |
| 37 40 K18 residue_name_number The crotonyllysine mark on histone H3K18 is produced by p300, a histone acetyltransferase also responsible for acetylation of histones. INTRO | |
| 56 60 p300 protein The crotonyllysine mark on histone H3K18 is produced by p300, a histone acetyltransferase also responsible for acetylation of histones. INTRO | |
| 64 89 histone acetyltransferase protein_type The crotonyllysine mark on histone H3K18 is produced by p300, a histone acetyltransferase also responsible for acetylation of histones. INTRO | |
| 111 122 acetylation ptm The crotonyllysine mark on histone H3K18 is produced by p300, a histone acetyltransferase also responsible for acetylation of histones. INTRO | |
| 61 75 crotonyllysine residue_name Owing to some differences in their genomic distribution, the crotonyllysine and acetyllysine (Kac) modifications have been linked to distinct functional outcomes. INTRO | |
| 80 92 acetyllysine residue_name Owing to some differences in their genomic distribution, the crotonyllysine and acetyllysine (Kac) modifications have been linked to distinct functional outcomes. INTRO | |
| 94 97 Kac residue_name Owing to some differences in their genomic distribution, the crotonyllysine and acetyllysine (Kac) modifications have been linked to distinct functional outcomes. INTRO | |
| 0 4 p300 protein p300-catalyzed histone crotonylation, which is likely metabolically regulated, stimulates transcription to a greater degree than p300-catalyzed acetylation. INTRO | |
| 15 22 histone protein_type p300-catalyzed histone crotonylation, which is likely metabolically regulated, stimulates transcription to a greater degree than p300-catalyzed acetylation. INTRO | |
| 23 36 crotonylation ptm p300-catalyzed histone crotonylation, which is likely metabolically regulated, stimulates transcription to a greater degree than p300-catalyzed acetylation. INTRO | |
| 129 133 p300 protein p300-catalyzed histone crotonylation, which is likely metabolically regulated, stimulates transcription to a greater degree than p300-catalyzed acetylation. INTRO | |
| 144 155 acetylation ptm p300-catalyzed histone crotonylation, which is likely metabolically regulated, stimulates transcription to a greater degree than p300-catalyzed acetylation. INTRO | |
| 53 67 crotonyllysine residue_name The discovery of individual biological roles for the crotonyllysine and acetyllysine marks suggests that these PTMs can be read by distinct readers. INTRO | |
| 72 84 acetyllysine residue_name The discovery of individual biological roles for the crotonyllysine and acetyllysine marks suggests that these PTMs can be read by distinct readers. INTRO | |
| 18 30 acetyllysine residue_name While a number of acetyllysine readers have been identified and characterized, a specific reader of the crotonyllysine mark remains unknown (reviewed in). INTRO | |
| 104 118 crotonyllysine residue_name While a number of acetyllysine readers have been identified and characterized, a specific reader of the crotonyllysine mark remains unknown (reviewed in). INTRO | |
| 19 31 bromodomains structure_element A recent survey of bromodomains (BDs) demonstrates that only one BD associates very weakly with a crotonylated peptide, however it binds more tightly to acetylated peptides, inferring that bromodomains do not possess physiologically relevant crotonyllysine binding activity. INTRO | |
| 33 36 BDs structure_element A recent survey of bromodomains (BDs) demonstrates that only one BD associates very weakly with a crotonylated peptide, however it binds more tightly to acetylated peptides, inferring that bromodomains do not possess physiologically relevant crotonyllysine binding activity. INTRO | |
| 65 67 BD structure_element A recent survey of bromodomains (BDs) demonstrates that only one BD associates very weakly with a crotonylated peptide, however it binds more tightly to acetylated peptides, inferring that bromodomains do not possess physiologically relevant crotonyllysine binding activity. INTRO | |
| 98 110 crotonylated protein_state A recent survey of bromodomains (BDs) demonstrates that only one BD associates very weakly with a crotonylated peptide, however it binds more tightly to acetylated peptides, inferring that bromodomains do not possess physiologically relevant crotonyllysine binding activity. INTRO | |
| 153 163 acetylated protein_state A recent survey of bromodomains (BDs) demonstrates that only one BD associates very weakly with a crotonylated peptide, however it binds more tightly to acetylated peptides, inferring that bromodomains do not possess physiologically relevant crotonyllysine binding activity. INTRO | |
| 189 201 bromodomains structure_element A recent survey of bromodomains (BDs) demonstrates that only one BD associates very weakly with a crotonylated peptide, however it binds more tightly to acetylated peptides, inferring that bromodomains do not possess physiologically relevant crotonyllysine binding activity. INTRO | |
| 242 256 crotonyllysine residue_name A recent survey of bromodomains (BDs) demonstrates that only one BD associates very weakly with a crotonylated peptide, however it binds more tightly to acetylated peptides, inferring that bromodomains do not possess physiologically relevant crotonyllysine binding activity. INTRO | |
| 14 26 acetyllysine residue_name The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 81 86 YEATS structure_element The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 88 92 Yaf9 protein The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 94 97 ENL protein The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 99 102 AF9 protein The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 104 109 Taf14 protein The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 111 115 Sas5 protein The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 128 133 human species The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 134 137 AF9 protein The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 142 147 yeast taxonomy_domain The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 148 153 Taf14 protein The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 185 192 histone protein_type The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 198 200 H3 protein_type The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 200 204 K9ac ptm The family of acetyllysine readers has been expanded with the discovery that the YEATS (Yaf9, ENL, AF9, Taf14, Sas5) domains of human AF9 and yeast Taf14 are capable of recognizing the histone mark H3K9ac. INTRO | |
| 4 16 acetyllysine residue_name The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 41 44 AF9 protein The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 45 57 YEATS domain structure_element The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 98 123 histone methyltransferase protein_type The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 124 129 DOT1L protein The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 133 135 H3 protein_type The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 135 139 K9ac ptm The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 169 174 DOT1L protein The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 184 186 H3 protein_type The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 186 189 K79 residue_name_number The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 190 201 methylation ptm The acetyllysine binding function of the AF9 YEATS domain is essential for the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase DOT1L to H3K9ac-containing chromatin and for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation and transcription. INTRO | |
| 68 73 yeast taxonomy_domain Similarly, activation of a subset of genes and DNA damage repair in yeast require the acetyllysine binding activity of the Taf14 YEATS domain. INTRO | |
| 86 98 acetyllysine residue_name Similarly, activation of a subset of genes and DNA damage repair in yeast require the acetyllysine binding activity of the Taf14 YEATS domain. INTRO | |
| 123 128 Taf14 protein Similarly, activation of a subset of genes and DNA damage repair in yeast require the acetyllysine binding activity of the Taf14 YEATS domain. INTRO | |
| 129 141 YEATS domain structure_element Similarly, activation of a subset of genes and DNA damage repair in yeast require the acetyllysine binding activity of the Taf14 YEATS domain. INTRO | |
| 45 50 Taf14 protein Consistent with its role in gene regulation, Taf14 was identified as a core component of the transcription factor complexes TFIID and TFIIF. INTRO | |
| 124 129 TFIID complex_assembly Consistent with its role in gene regulation, Taf14 was identified as a core component of the transcription factor complexes TFIID and TFIIF. INTRO | |
| 134 139 TFIIF complex_assembly Consistent with its role in gene regulation, Taf14 was identified as a core component of the transcription factor complexes TFIID and TFIIF. INTRO | |
| 9 14 Taf14 protein However, Taf14 is also found in a number of chromatin-remodeling complexes (i.e., INO80, SWI/SNF and RSC) and the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA3, indicating a multifaceted role of Taf14 in transcriptional regulation and chromatin biology. INTRO | |
| 82 87 INO80 complex_assembly However, Taf14 is also found in a number of chromatin-remodeling complexes (i.e., INO80, SWI/SNF and RSC) and the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA3, indicating a multifaceted role of Taf14 in transcriptional regulation and chromatin biology. INTRO | |
| 89 96 SWI/SNF complex_assembly However, Taf14 is also found in a number of chromatin-remodeling complexes (i.e., INO80, SWI/SNF and RSC) and the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA3, indicating a multifaceted role of Taf14 in transcriptional regulation and chromatin biology. INTRO | |
| 101 104 RSC complex_assembly However, Taf14 is also found in a number of chromatin-remodeling complexes (i.e., INO80, SWI/SNF and RSC) and the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA3, indicating a multifaceted role of Taf14 in transcriptional regulation and chromatin biology. INTRO | |
| 114 139 histone acetyltransferase protein_type However, Taf14 is also found in a number of chromatin-remodeling complexes (i.e., INO80, SWI/SNF and RSC) and the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA3, indicating a multifaceted role of Taf14 in transcriptional regulation and chromatin biology. INTRO | |
| 148 152 NuA3 complex_assembly However, Taf14 is also found in a number of chromatin-remodeling complexes (i.e., INO80, SWI/SNF and RSC) and the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA3, indicating a multifaceted role of Taf14 in transcriptional regulation and chromatin biology. INTRO | |
| 188 193 Taf14 protein However, Taf14 is also found in a number of chromatin-remodeling complexes (i.e., INO80, SWI/SNF and RSC) and the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA3, indicating a multifaceted role of Taf14 in transcriptional regulation and chromatin biology. INTRO | |
| 33 38 Taf14 protein In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 39 51 YEATS domain structure_element In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 67 81 crotonyllysine residue_name In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 96 103 histone protein_type In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 104 106 H3 protein_type In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 107 119 crotonylated protein_state In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 123 131 lysine 9 residue_name_number In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 133 135 H3 protein_type In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 135 139 K9cr ptm In this study, we identified the Taf14 YEATS domain as a reader of crotonyllysine that binds to histone H3 crotonylated at lysine 9 (H3K9cr) via a distinctive binding mechanism. INTRO | |
| 14 16 H3 protein_type We found that H3K9cr is present in yeast and is dynamically regulated. INTRO | |
| 16 20 K9cr ptm We found that H3K9cr is present in yeast and is dynamically regulated. INTRO | |
| 35 40 yeast taxonomy_domain We found that H3K9cr is present in yeast and is dynamically regulated. INTRO | |
| 56 58 H3 protein_type To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 58 62 K9cr ptm To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 83 100 crystal structure evidence To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 108 113 Taf14 protein To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 114 126 YEATS domain structure_element To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 127 142 in complex with protein_state To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 143 153 H3K9cr5-13 chemical To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 164 168 5–13 residue_range To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 172 174 H3 protein_type To elucidate the molecular basis for recognition of the H3K9cr mark, we obtained a crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain in complex with H3K9cr5-13 (residues 5–13 of H3) peptide (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results, Supplementary Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). INTRO | |
| 4 9 Taf14 protein The Taf14 YEATS domain adopts an immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold containing eight anti-parallel β strands linked by short loops that form a binding site for H3K9cr (Fig. 1b). INTRO | |
| 10 22 YEATS domain structure_element The Taf14 YEATS domain adopts an immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold containing eight anti-parallel β strands linked by short loops that form a binding site for H3K9cr (Fig. 1b). INTRO | |
| 33 66 immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold structure_element The Taf14 YEATS domain adopts an immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold containing eight anti-parallel β strands linked by short loops that form a binding site for H3K9cr (Fig. 1b). INTRO | |
| 84 107 anti-parallel β strands structure_element The Taf14 YEATS domain adopts an immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold containing eight anti-parallel β strands linked by short loops that form a binding site for H3K9cr (Fig. 1b). INTRO | |
| 124 129 loops structure_element The Taf14 YEATS domain adopts an immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold containing eight anti-parallel β strands linked by short loops that form a binding site for H3K9cr (Fig. 1b). INTRO | |
| 142 154 binding site site The Taf14 YEATS domain adopts an immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold containing eight anti-parallel β strands linked by short loops that form a binding site for H3K9cr (Fig. 1b). INTRO | |
| 159 161 H3 protein_type The Taf14 YEATS domain adopts an immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold containing eight anti-parallel β strands linked by short loops that form a binding site for H3K9cr (Fig. 1b). INTRO | |
| 161 165 K9cr ptm The Taf14 YEATS domain adopts an immunoglobin-like β sandwich fold containing eight anti-parallel β strands linked by short loops that form a binding site for H3K9cr (Fig. 1b). INTRO | |
| 4 6 H3 protein_type The H3K9cr peptide lays in an extended conformation in an orientation orthogonal to the β strands and is stabilized through an extensive network of direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds and a salt bridge (Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 6 10 K9cr ptm The H3K9cr peptide lays in an extended conformation in an orientation orthogonal to the β strands and is stabilized through an extensive network of direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds and a salt bridge (Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 30 51 extended conformation protein_state The H3K9cr peptide lays in an extended conformation in an orientation orthogonal to the β strands and is stabilized through an extensive network of direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds and a salt bridge (Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 88 97 β strands structure_element The H3K9cr peptide lays in an extended conformation in an orientation orthogonal to the β strands and is stabilized through an extensive network of direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds and a salt bridge (Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 159 164 water chemical The H3K9cr peptide lays in an extended conformation in an orientation orthogonal to the β strands and is stabilized through an extensive network of direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds and a salt bridge (Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 174 188 hydrogen bonds bond_interaction The H3K9cr peptide lays in an extended conformation in an orientation orthogonal to the β strands and is stabilized through an extensive network of direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds and a salt bridge (Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 195 206 salt bridge bond_interaction The H3K9cr peptide lays in an extended conformation in an orientation orthogonal to the β strands and is stabilized through an extensive network of direct and water-mediated hydrogen bonds and a salt bridge (Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 33 47 crotonyllysine residue_name The most striking feature of the crotonyllysine recognition mechanism is the unique coordination of crotonylated lysine residue. INTRO | |
| 100 112 crotonylated protein_state The most striking feature of the crotonyllysine recognition mechanism is the unique coordination of crotonylated lysine residue. INTRO | |
| 113 119 lysine residue_name The most striking feature of the crotonyllysine recognition mechanism is the unique coordination of crotonylated lysine residue. INTRO | |
| 33 37 K9cr ptm The fully extended side chain of K9cr transverses the narrow tunnel, crossing the β sandwich at right angle in a corkscrew-like manner (Fig. 1b and Supplementary Figure 1b). INTRO | |
| 82 92 β sandwich structure_element The fully extended side chain of K9cr transverses the narrow tunnel, crossing the β sandwich at right angle in a corkscrew-like manner (Fig. 1b and Supplementary Figure 1b). INTRO | |
| 11 19 crotonyl chemical The planar crotonyl group is inserted between Trp81 and Phe62 of the protein, the aromatic rings of which are positioned strictly parallel to each other and at equal distance from the crotonyl group, yielding a novel aromatic-amide/aliphatic-aromatic π-π-π-stacking system that, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously for any protein-protein interaction (Fig. 1d and Supplementary Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 46 51 Trp81 residue_name_number The planar crotonyl group is inserted between Trp81 and Phe62 of the protein, the aromatic rings of which are positioned strictly parallel to each other and at equal distance from the crotonyl group, yielding a novel aromatic-amide/aliphatic-aromatic π-π-π-stacking system that, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously for any protein-protein interaction (Fig. 1d and Supplementary Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 56 61 Phe62 residue_name_number The planar crotonyl group is inserted between Trp81 and Phe62 of the protein, the aromatic rings of which are positioned strictly parallel to each other and at equal distance from the crotonyl group, yielding a novel aromatic-amide/aliphatic-aromatic π-π-π-stacking system that, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously for any protein-protein interaction (Fig. 1d and Supplementary Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 184 192 crotonyl chemical The planar crotonyl group is inserted between Trp81 and Phe62 of the protein, the aromatic rings of which are positioned strictly parallel to each other and at equal distance from the crotonyl group, yielding a novel aromatic-amide/aliphatic-aromatic π-π-π-stacking system that, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously for any protein-protein interaction (Fig. 1d and Supplementary Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 251 265 π-π-π-stacking bond_interaction The planar crotonyl group is inserted between Trp81 and Phe62 of the protein, the aromatic rings of which are positioned strictly parallel to each other and at equal distance from the crotonyl group, yielding a novel aromatic-amide/aliphatic-aromatic π-π-π-stacking system that, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously for any protein-protein interaction (Fig. 1d and Supplementary Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 18 23 Trp81 residue_name_number The side chain of Trp81 appears to adopt two conformations, one of which provides maximum π-stacking with the alkene functional group while the other rotamer affords maximum π-stacking with the amide π electrons (Supplementary Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 90 100 π-stacking bond_interaction The side chain of Trp81 appears to adopt two conformations, one of which provides maximum π-stacking with the alkene functional group while the other rotamer affords maximum π-stacking with the amide π electrons (Supplementary Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 174 184 π-stacking bond_interaction The side chain of Trp81 appears to adopt two conformations, one of which provides maximum π-stacking with the alkene functional group while the other rotamer affords maximum π-stacking with the amide π electrons (Supplementary Fig. 1c). INTRO | |
| 25 30 Trp81 residue_name_number The dual conformation of Trp81 is likely due to the conjugated nature of the C=C and C=O π-orbitals within the crotonyl functional group. INTRO | |
| 111 119 crotonyl chemical The dual conformation of Trp81 is likely due to the conjugated nature of the C=C and C=O π-orbitals within the crotonyl functional group. INTRO | |
| 15 29 π-π-π stacking bond_interaction In addition to π-π-π stacking, the crotonyl group is stabilized by a set of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. INTRO | |
| 35 43 crotonyl chemical In addition to π-π-π stacking, the crotonyl group is stabilized by a set of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. INTRO | |
| 76 90 hydrogen bonds bond_interaction In addition to π-π-π stacking, the crotonyl group is stabilized by a set of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. INTRO | |
| 95 121 electrostatic interactions bond_interaction In addition to π-π-π stacking, the crotonyl group is stabilized by a set of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. INTRO | |
| 4 10 π bond bond_interaction The π bond conjugation of the crotonyl group gives rise to a dipole moment of the alkene moiety, resulting in a partial positive charge on the β-carbon (Cβ) and a partial negative charge on the α-carbon (Cα). INTRO | |
| 30 38 crotonyl chemical The π bond conjugation of the crotonyl group gives rise to a dipole moment of the alkene moiety, resulting in a partial positive charge on the β-carbon (Cβ) and a partial negative charge on the α-carbon (Cα). INTRO | |
| 59 81 electrostatic contacts bond_interaction This provides the capability for the alkene moiety to form electrostatic contacts, as Cα and Cβ lay within electrostatic interaction distances of the carbonyl oxygen of Gln79 and of the hydroxyl group of Thr61, respectively. INTRO | |
| 107 132 electrostatic interaction bond_interaction This provides the capability for the alkene moiety to form electrostatic contacts, as Cα and Cβ lay within electrostatic interaction distances of the carbonyl oxygen of Gln79 and of the hydroxyl group of Thr61, respectively. INTRO | |
| 169 174 Gln79 residue_name_number This provides the capability for the alkene moiety to form electrostatic contacts, as Cα and Cβ lay within electrostatic interaction distances of the carbonyl oxygen of Gln79 and of the hydroxyl group of Thr61, respectively. INTRO | |
| 204 209 Thr61 residue_name_number This provides the capability for the alkene moiety to form electrostatic contacts, as Cα and Cβ lay within electrostatic interaction distances of the carbonyl oxygen of Gln79 and of the hydroxyl group of Thr61, respectively. INTRO | |
| 22 27 Thr61 residue_name_number The hydroxyl group of Thr61 also participates in a hydrogen bond with the amide nitrogen of the K9cr side chain (Fig. 1d). INTRO | |
| 51 64 hydrogen bond bond_interaction The hydroxyl group of Thr61 also participates in a hydrogen bond with the amide nitrogen of the K9cr side chain (Fig. 1d). INTRO | |
| 96 100 K9cr ptm The hydroxyl group of Thr61 also participates in a hydrogen bond with the amide nitrogen of the K9cr side chain (Fig. 1d). INTRO | |
| 26 31 Thr61 residue_name_number The fixed position of the Thr61 hydroxyl group, which facilitates interactions with both the amide and Cα of K9cr, is achieved through a hydrogen bond with imidazole ring of His59. INTRO | |
| 109 113 K9cr ptm The fixed position of the Thr61 hydroxyl group, which facilitates interactions with both the amide and Cα of K9cr, is achieved through a hydrogen bond with imidazole ring of His59. INTRO | |
| 137 150 hydrogen bond bond_interaction The fixed position of the Thr61 hydroxyl group, which facilitates interactions with both the amide and Cα of K9cr, is achieved through a hydrogen bond with imidazole ring of His59. INTRO | |
| 174 179 His59 residue_name_number The fixed position of the Thr61 hydroxyl group, which facilitates interactions with both the amide and Cα of K9cr, is achieved through a hydrogen bond with imidazole ring of His59. INTRO | |
| 23 27 K9cr ptm Extra stabilization of K9cr is attained by a hydrogen bond formed between its carbonyl oxygen and the backbone nitrogen of Trp81, as well as a water-mediated hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Gly82 (Fig 1d). INTRO | |
| 45 58 hydrogen bond bond_interaction Extra stabilization of K9cr is attained by a hydrogen bond formed between its carbonyl oxygen and the backbone nitrogen of Trp81, as well as a water-mediated hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Gly82 (Fig 1d). INTRO | |
| 123 128 Trp81 residue_name_number Extra stabilization of K9cr is attained by a hydrogen bond formed between its carbonyl oxygen and the backbone nitrogen of Trp81, as well as a water-mediated hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Gly82 (Fig 1d). INTRO | |
| 143 148 water chemical Extra stabilization of K9cr is attained by a hydrogen bond formed between its carbonyl oxygen and the backbone nitrogen of Trp81, as well as a water-mediated hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Gly82 (Fig 1d). INTRO | |
| 158 171 hydrogen bond bond_interaction Extra stabilization of K9cr is attained by a hydrogen bond formed between its carbonyl oxygen and the backbone nitrogen of Trp81, as well as a water-mediated hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Gly82 (Fig 1d). INTRO | |
| 208 213 Gly82 residue_name_number Extra stabilization of K9cr is attained by a hydrogen bond formed between its carbonyl oxygen and the backbone nitrogen of Trp81, as well as a water-mediated hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Gly82 (Fig 1d). INTRO | |
| 64 69 Taf14 protein This distinctive mechanism was corroborated through mapping the Taf14 YEATS-H3K9cr binding interface in solution using NMR chemical shift perturbation analysis (Supplementary Fig. 2a, b). INTRO | |
| 70 100 YEATS-H3K9cr binding interface site This distinctive mechanism was corroborated through mapping the Taf14 YEATS-H3K9cr binding interface in solution using NMR chemical shift perturbation analysis (Supplementary Fig. 2a, b). INTRO | |
| 119 159 NMR chemical shift perturbation analysis experimental_method This distinctive mechanism was corroborated through mapping the Taf14 YEATS-H3K9cr binding interface in solution using NMR chemical shift perturbation analysis (Supplementary Fig. 2a, b). INTRO | |
| 15 20 Taf14 protein Binding of the Taf14 YEATS domain to H3K9cr is robust. INTRO | |
| 21 33 YEATS domain structure_element Binding of the Taf14 YEATS domain to H3K9cr is robust. INTRO | |
| 37 39 H3 protein_type Binding of the Taf14 YEATS domain to H3K9cr is robust. INTRO | |
| 39 43 K9cr ptm Binding of the Taf14 YEATS domain to H3K9cr is robust. INTRO | |
| 4 25 dissociation constant evidence The dissociation constant (Kd) for the Taf14 YEATS-H3K9cr5-13 complex was found to be 9.5 μM, as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy (Supplementary Fig. 2c). INTRO | |
| 27 29 Kd evidence The dissociation constant (Kd) for the Taf14 YEATS-H3K9cr5-13 complex was found to be 9.5 μM, as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy (Supplementary Fig. 2c). INTRO | |
| 39 61 Taf14 YEATS-H3K9cr5-13 complex_assembly The dissociation constant (Kd) for the Taf14 YEATS-H3K9cr5-13 complex was found to be 9.5 μM, as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy (Supplementary Fig. 2c). INTRO | |
| 109 134 fluorescence spectroscopy experimental_method The dissociation constant (Kd) for the Taf14 YEATS-H3K9cr5-13 complex was found to be 9.5 μM, as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy (Supplementary Fig. 2c). INTRO | |
| 30 48 binding affinities evidence This value is in the range of binding affinities exhibited by the majority of histone readers, thus attesting to the physiological relevance of the H3K9cr recognition by Taf14. INTRO | |
| 148 150 H3 protein_type This value is in the range of binding affinities exhibited by the majority of histone readers, thus attesting to the physiological relevance of the H3K9cr recognition by Taf14. INTRO | |
| 150 154 K9cr ptm This value is in the range of binding affinities exhibited by the majority of histone readers, thus attesting to the physiological relevance of the H3K9cr recognition by Taf14. INTRO | |
| 170 175 Taf14 protein This value is in the range of binding affinities exhibited by the majority of histone readers, thus attesting to the physiological relevance of the H3K9cr recognition by Taf14. INTRO | |
| 21 23 H3 protein_type To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 23 27 K9cr ptm To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 42 47 yeast taxonomy_domain To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 62 81 whole cell extracts experimental_method To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 111 116 yeast taxonomy_domain To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 145 166 Western blot analysis experimental_method To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 201 203 H3 protein_type To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 203 207 K9cr ptm To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 209 211 H3 protein_type To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 211 215 K9ac ptm To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 220 222 H3 protein_type To determine whether H3K9cr is present in yeast, we generated whole cell extracts from logarithmically growing yeast cells and subjected them to Western blot analysis using antibodies directed towards H3K9cr, H3K9ac and H3 (Fig. 2a, b, Supplementary Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 2). INTRO | |
| 5 7 H3 protein_type Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 7 11 K9cr ptm Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 16 18 H3 protein_type Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 18 22 K9ac ptm Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 40 45 yeast taxonomy_domain Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 46 54 histones protein_type Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 102 104 H3 protein_type Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 104 108 K9cr ptm Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 122 127 yeast taxonomy_domain Both H3K9cr and H3K9ac were detected in yeast histones; to our knowledge, this is the first report of H3K9cr occurring in yeast. INTRO | |
| 17 19 H3 protein_type We next asked if H3K9cr is regulated by the actions of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). INTRO | |
| 19 23 K9cr ptm We next asked if H3K9cr is regulated by the actions of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). INTRO | |
| 55 81 histone acetyltransferases protein_type We next asked if H3K9cr is regulated by the actions of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). INTRO | |
| 83 87 HATs protein_type We next asked if H3K9cr is regulated by the actions of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). INTRO | |
| 93 113 histone deacetylases protein_type We next asked if H3K9cr is regulated by the actions of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). INTRO | |
| 115 120 HDACs protein_type We next asked if H3K9cr is regulated by the actions of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). INTRO | |
| 50 55 yeast taxonomy_domain Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 77 82 yeast taxonomy_domain Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 83 87 HATs protein_type Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 89 93 HAT1 protein Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 95 99 Gcn5 protein Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 105 111 Rtt109 protein Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 116 121 HDACs protein_type Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 123 127 Rpd3 protein Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 129 133 Hos1 protein Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 139 143 Hos2 protein Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 150 157 deleted experimental_method Towards this end, we probed extracts derived from yeast cells in which major yeast HATs (HAT1, Gcn5, and Rtt109) or HDACs (Rpd3, Hos1, and Hos2) were deleted. INTRO | |
| 52 54 H3 protein_type As shown in Figure 2a, b and Supplementary Fig. 3e, H3K9cr levels were abolished or reduced considerably in the HAT deletion strains, whereas they were dramatically increased in the HDAC deletion strains. INTRO | |
| 54 58 K9cr ptm As shown in Figure 2a, b and Supplementary Fig. 3e, H3K9cr levels were abolished or reduced considerably in the HAT deletion strains, whereas they were dramatically increased in the HDAC deletion strains. INTRO | |
| 112 115 HAT protein_type As shown in Figure 2a, b and Supplementary Fig. 3e, H3K9cr levels were abolished or reduced considerably in the HAT deletion strains, whereas they were dramatically increased in the HDAC deletion strains. INTRO | |
| 116 124 deletion experimental_method As shown in Figure 2a, b and Supplementary Fig. 3e, H3K9cr levels were abolished or reduced considerably in the HAT deletion strains, whereas they were dramatically increased in the HDAC deletion strains. INTRO | |
| 182 186 HDAC protein_type As shown in Figure 2a, b and Supplementary Fig. 3e, H3K9cr levels were abolished or reduced considerably in the HAT deletion strains, whereas they were dramatically increased in the HDAC deletion strains. INTRO | |
| 187 195 deletion experimental_method As shown in Figure 2a, b and Supplementary Fig. 3e, H3K9cr levels were abolished or reduced considerably in the HAT deletion strains, whereas they were dramatically increased in the HDAC deletion strains. INTRO | |
| 33 35 H3 protein_type Furthermore, fluctuations in the H3K9cr levels were more substantial than fluctuations in the corresponding H3K9ac levels. INTRO | |
| 35 39 K9cr ptm Furthermore, fluctuations in the H3K9cr levels were more substantial than fluctuations in the corresponding H3K9ac levels. INTRO | |
| 108 110 H3 protein_type Furthermore, fluctuations in the H3K9cr levels were more substantial than fluctuations in the corresponding H3K9ac levels. INTRO | |
| 110 114 K9ac ptm Furthermore, fluctuations in the H3K9cr levels were more substantial than fluctuations in the corresponding H3K9ac levels. INTRO | |
| 36 38 H3 protein_type Together, these results reveal that H3K9cr is a dynamic mark of chromatin in yeast and suggest an important role for this modification in transcription as it is regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 38 42 K9cr ptm Together, these results reveal that H3K9cr is a dynamic mark of chromatin in yeast and suggest an important role for this modification in transcription as it is regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 77 82 yeast taxonomy_domain Together, these results reveal that H3K9cr is a dynamic mark of chromatin in yeast and suggest an important role for this modification in transcription as it is regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 174 178 HATs protein_type Together, these results reveal that H3K9cr is a dynamic mark of chromatin in yeast and suggest an important role for this modification in transcription as it is regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 183 188 HDACs protein_type Together, these results reveal that H3K9cr is a dynamic mark of chromatin in yeast and suggest an important role for this modification in transcription as it is regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 36 46 acetylated protein_state We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 47 54 histone protein_type We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 66 71 Taf14 protein We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 72 84 YEATS domain structure_element We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 93 103 acetylated protein_state We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 104 106 H3 protein_type We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 106 108 K9 residue_name_number We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 163 165 H3 protein_type We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 165 169 K9cr ptm We have previously shown that among acetylated histone marks, the Taf14 YEATS domain prefers acetylated H3K9 (also see Supplementary Fig. 3b), however it binds to H3K9cr tighter. INTRO | |
| 19 24 Taf14 protein The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 33 47 crotonyllysine residue_name The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 69 80 1H,15N HSQC experimental_method The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 110 120 H3K9cr5-13 chemical The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 124 134 H3K9ac5-13 chemical The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 147 155 titrated experimental_method The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 165 176 15N-labeled protein_state The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 177 182 Taf14 protein The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 183 195 YEATS domain structure_element The selectivity of Taf14 towards crotonyllysine was substantiated by 1H,15N HSQC experiments, in which either H3K9cr5-13 or H3K9ac5-13 peptide was titrated into the 15N-labeled Taf14 YEATS domain (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). INTRO | |
| 11 13 H3 protein_type Binding of H3K9cr induced resonance changes in slow exchange regime on the NMR time scale, indicative of strong interaction. INTRO | |
| 13 17 K9cr ptm Binding of H3K9cr induced resonance changes in slow exchange regime on the NMR time scale, indicative of strong interaction. INTRO | |
| 26 43 resonance changes evidence Binding of H3K9cr induced resonance changes in slow exchange regime on the NMR time scale, indicative of strong interaction. INTRO | |
| 75 78 NMR experimental_method Binding of H3K9cr induced resonance changes in slow exchange regime on the NMR time scale, indicative of strong interaction. INTRO | |
| 24 26 H3 protein_type In contrast, binding of H3K9ac resulted in an intermediate exchange, which is characteristic of a weaker association. INTRO | |
| 26 30 K9ac ptm In contrast, binding of H3K9ac resulted in an intermediate exchange, which is characteristic of a weaker association. INTRO | |
| 13 23 crosspeaks evidence Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 27 32 Gly80 residue_name_number Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 37 42 Trp81 residue_name_number Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 50 62 YEATS domain structure_element Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 90 92 H3 protein_type Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 92 96 K9cr ptm Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 101 103 H3 protein_type Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 103 107 K9ac ptm Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 171 218 crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets site Furthermore, crosspeaks of Gly80 and Trp81 of the YEATS domain were uniquely perturbed by H3K9cr and H3K9ac, indicating a different chemical environment in the respective crotonyllysine and acetyllysine binding pockets (Supplementary Fig. 4a). INTRO | |
| 41 46 Trp81 residue_name_number These differences support our model that Trp81 adopts two conformations upon complex formation with the H3K9cr mark as compared to H3K9ac (Supplementary Figs. 1c, d and 4c). INTRO | |
| 104 106 H3 protein_type These differences support our model that Trp81 adopts two conformations upon complex formation with the H3K9cr mark as compared to H3K9ac (Supplementary Figs. 1c, d and 4c). INTRO | |
| 106 110 K9cr ptm These differences support our model that Trp81 adopts two conformations upon complex formation with the H3K9cr mark as compared to H3K9ac (Supplementary Figs. 1c, d and 4c). INTRO | |
| 131 133 H3 protein_type These differences support our model that Trp81 adopts two conformations upon complex formation with the H3K9cr mark as compared to H3K9ac (Supplementary Figs. 1c, d and 4c). INTRO | |
| 133 137 K9ac ptm These differences support our model that Trp81 adopts two conformations upon complex formation with the H3K9cr mark as compared to H3K9ac (Supplementary Figs. 1c, d and 4c). INTRO | |
| 136 148 YEATS-H3K9cr complex_assembly One of the conformations, characterized by the π stacking involving two aromatic residues and the alkene group, is observed only in the YEATS-H3K9cr complex. INTRO | |
| 25 30 Taf14 protein To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 31 43 YEATS domain structure_element To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 91 101 acyllysine residue_name To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 122 147 solution pull-down assays experimental_method To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 154 156 H3 protein_type To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 166 176 acetylated protein_state To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 178 191 propionylated protein_state To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 193 204 butyrylated protein_state To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 210 222 crotonylated protein_state To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 226 234 lysine 9 residue_name_number To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 245 249 1–20 residue_range To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 253 255 H3 protein_type To establish whether the Taf14 YEATS domain is able to recognize other recently identified acyllysine marks, we performed solution pull-down assays using H3 peptides acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated at lysine 9 (residues 1–20 of H3). INTRO | |
| 53 58 Taf14 protein As shown in Figure 2d and Supplementary Fig. 5a, the Taf14 YEATS domain binds more strongly to H3K9cr1-20, as compared to other acylated histone peptides. INTRO | |
| 59 71 YEATS domain structure_element As shown in Figure 2d and Supplementary Fig. 5a, the Taf14 YEATS domain binds more strongly to H3K9cr1-20, as compared to other acylated histone peptides. INTRO | |
| 95 105 H3K9cr1-20 chemical As shown in Figure 2d and Supplementary Fig. 5a, the Taf14 YEATS domain binds more strongly to H3K9cr1-20, as compared to other acylated histone peptides. INTRO | |
| 128 136 acylated protein_state As shown in Figure 2d and Supplementary Fig. 5a, the Taf14 YEATS domain binds more strongly to H3K9cr1-20, as compared to other acylated histone peptides. INTRO | |
| 19 21 H3 protein_type The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 21 25 K9cr ptm The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 31 33 H3 protein_type The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 33 37 K9ac ptm The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 39 41 H3 protein_type The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 41 45 K9pr ptm The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 50 52 H3 protein_type The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 52 56 K9bu ptm The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 74 107 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments experimental_method The preference for H3K9cr over H3K9ac, H3K9pr and H3K9bu was supported by 1H,15N HSQC titration experiments. INTRO | |
| 12 22 H3K9ac1-20 chemical Addition of H3K9ac1-20, H3K9pr1-20, and H3K9bu1-20 peptides caused chemical shift perturbations in the Taf14 YEATS domain in intermediate exchange regime, implying that these interactions are weaker compared to the interaction with the H3K9cr1-20 peptide (Supplementary Fig. 5b). INTRO | |
| 24 34 H3K9pr1-20 chemical Addition of H3K9ac1-20, H3K9pr1-20, and H3K9bu1-20 peptides caused chemical shift perturbations in the Taf14 YEATS domain in intermediate exchange regime, implying that these interactions are weaker compared to the interaction with the H3K9cr1-20 peptide (Supplementary Fig. 5b). INTRO | |
| 40 50 H3K9bu1-20 chemical Addition of H3K9ac1-20, H3K9pr1-20, and H3K9bu1-20 peptides caused chemical shift perturbations in the Taf14 YEATS domain in intermediate exchange regime, implying that these interactions are weaker compared to the interaction with the H3K9cr1-20 peptide (Supplementary Fig. 5b). INTRO | |
| 67 95 chemical shift perturbations evidence Addition of H3K9ac1-20, H3K9pr1-20, and H3K9bu1-20 peptides caused chemical shift perturbations in the Taf14 YEATS domain in intermediate exchange regime, implying that these interactions are weaker compared to the interaction with the H3K9cr1-20 peptide (Supplementary Fig. 5b). INTRO | |
| 103 108 Taf14 protein Addition of H3K9ac1-20, H3K9pr1-20, and H3K9bu1-20 peptides caused chemical shift perturbations in the Taf14 YEATS domain in intermediate exchange regime, implying that these interactions are weaker compared to the interaction with the H3K9cr1-20 peptide (Supplementary Fig. 5b). INTRO | |
| 109 121 YEATS domain structure_element Addition of H3K9ac1-20, H3K9pr1-20, and H3K9bu1-20 peptides caused chemical shift perturbations in the Taf14 YEATS domain in intermediate exchange regime, implying that these interactions are weaker compared to the interaction with the H3K9cr1-20 peptide (Supplementary Fig. 5b). INTRO | |
| 236 246 H3K9cr1-20 chemical Addition of H3K9ac1-20, H3K9pr1-20, and H3K9bu1-20 peptides caused chemical shift perturbations in the Taf14 YEATS domain in intermediate exchange regime, implying that these interactions are weaker compared to the interaction with the H3K9cr1-20 peptide (Supplementary Fig. 5b). INTRO | |
| 18 20 H3 protein_type We concluded that H3K9cr is the preferred target of this domain. INTRO | |
| 20 24 K9cr ptm We concluded that H3K9cr is the preferred target of this domain. INTRO | |
| 5 36 comparative structural analysis experimental_method From comparative structural analysis of the YEATS complexes, Gly80 emerged as candidate residue potentially responsible for the preference for crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 61 66 Gly80 residue_name_number From comparative structural analysis of the YEATS complexes, Gly80 emerged as candidate residue potentially responsible for the preference for crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 143 157 crotonyllysine residue_name From comparative structural analysis of the YEATS complexes, Gly80 emerged as candidate residue potentially responsible for the preference for crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 123 131 crotonyl chemical In attempt to generate a mutant capable of accommodating a short acetyl moiety but discriminating against a longer, planar crotonyl moiety, we mutated Gly80 to more bulky residues, however all mutants of Gly80 lost their binding activities towards either acylated peptide, suggesting that Gly80 is absolutely required for the interaction. INTRO | |
| 143 150 mutated protein_state In attempt to generate a mutant capable of accommodating a short acetyl moiety but discriminating against a longer, planar crotonyl moiety, we mutated Gly80 to more bulky residues, however all mutants of Gly80 lost their binding activities towards either acylated peptide, suggesting that Gly80 is absolutely required for the interaction. INTRO | |
| 151 156 Gly80 residue_name_number In attempt to generate a mutant capable of accommodating a short acetyl moiety but discriminating against a longer, planar crotonyl moiety, we mutated Gly80 to more bulky residues, however all mutants of Gly80 lost their binding activities towards either acylated peptide, suggesting that Gly80 is absolutely required for the interaction. INTRO | |
| 193 203 mutants of protein_state In attempt to generate a mutant capable of accommodating a short acetyl moiety but discriminating against a longer, planar crotonyl moiety, we mutated Gly80 to more bulky residues, however all mutants of Gly80 lost their binding activities towards either acylated peptide, suggesting that Gly80 is absolutely required for the interaction. INTRO | |
| 204 209 Gly80 residue_name_number In attempt to generate a mutant capable of accommodating a short acetyl moiety but discriminating against a longer, planar crotonyl moiety, we mutated Gly80 to more bulky residues, however all mutants of Gly80 lost their binding activities towards either acylated peptide, suggesting that Gly80 is absolutely required for the interaction. INTRO | |
| 255 263 acylated protein_state In attempt to generate a mutant capable of accommodating a short acetyl moiety but discriminating against a longer, planar crotonyl moiety, we mutated Gly80 to more bulky residues, however all mutants of Gly80 lost their binding activities towards either acylated peptide, suggesting that Gly80 is absolutely required for the interaction. INTRO | |
| 289 294 Gly80 residue_name_number In attempt to generate a mutant capable of accommodating a short acetyl moiety but discriminating against a longer, planar crotonyl moiety, we mutated Gly80 to more bulky residues, however all mutants of Gly80 lost their binding activities towards either acylated peptide, suggesting that Gly80 is absolutely required for the interaction. INTRO | |
| 13 21 mutation experimental_method In contrast, mutation of Val24, a residue located on another side of Trp81, had no effect on binding (Fig. 2d and Supplementary Fig. 5a, c). INTRO | |
| 25 30 Val24 residue_name_number In contrast, mutation of Val24, a residue located on another side of Trp81, had no effect on binding (Fig. 2d and Supplementary Fig. 5a, c). INTRO | |
| 69 74 Trp81 residue_name_number In contrast, mutation of Val24, a residue located on another side of Trp81, had no effect on binding (Fig. 2d and Supplementary Fig. 5a, c). INTRO | |
| 31 45 crotonyllysine residue_name To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 49 58 conserved protein_state To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 70 75 human species To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 76 89 YEATS domains structure_element To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 93 114 pull-down experiments experimental_method To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 141 151 acetylated protein_state To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 153 166 propionylated protein_state To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 168 179 butyrylated protein_state To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 185 197 crotonylated protein_state To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 198 205 histone protein_type To determine if the binding to crotonyllysine is conserved, we tested human YEATS domains by pull-down experiments using singly and multiply acetylated, propionylated, butyrylated, and crotonylated histone peptides (Supplementary Fig. 6). INTRO | |
| 18 31 YEATS domains structure_element We found that all YEATS domains tested are capable of binding to crotonyllysine peptides, though they display variable preferences for the acyl moieties. INTRO | |
| 65 79 crotonyllysine residue_name We found that all YEATS domains tested are capable of binding to crotonyllysine peptides, though they display variable preferences for the acyl moieties. INTRO | |
| 6 12 YEATS2 protein While YEATS2 and ENL showed selectivity for the crotonylated peptides, GAS41 and AF9 bound acylated peptides almost equally well. INTRO | |
| 17 20 ENL protein While YEATS2 and ENL showed selectivity for the crotonylated peptides, GAS41 and AF9 bound acylated peptides almost equally well. INTRO | |
| 48 60 crotonylated protein_state While YEATS2 and ENL showed selectivity for the crotonylated peptides, GAS41 and AF9 bound acylated peptides almost equally well. INTRO | |
| 71 76 GAS41 protein While YEATS2 and ENL showed selectivity for the crotonylated peptides, GAS41 and AF9 bound acylated peptides almost equally well. INTRO | |
| 81 84 AF9 protein While YEATS2 and ENL showed selectivity for the crotonylated peptides, GAS41 and AF9 bound acylated peptides almost equally well. INTRO | |
| 91 99 acylated protein_state While YEATS2 and ENL showed selectivity for the crotonylated peptides, GAS41 and AF9 bound acylated peptides almost equally well. INTRO | |
| 11 23 YEATS domain structure_element Unlike the YEATS domain, a known acetyllysine reader, bromodomain, does not recognize crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 33 52 acetyllysine reader protein_type Unlike the YEATS domain, a known acetyllysine reader, bromodomain, does not recognize crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 54 65 bromodomain structure_element Unlike the YEATS domain, a known acetyllysine reader, bromodomain, does not recognize crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 86 100 crotonyllysine residue_name Unlike the YEATS domain, a known acetyllysine reader, bromodomain, does not recognize crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 26 29 BDs structure_element We assayed a large set of BDs in pull-down experiments and found that this module is highly specific for acetyllysine and propionyllysine containing peptides (Supplementary Fig. 7). INTRO | |
| 33 54 pull-down experiments experimental_method We assayed a large set of BDs in pull-down experiments and found that this module is highly specific for acetyllysine and propionyllysine containing peptides (Supplementary Fig. 7). INTRO | |
| 105 117 acetyllysine residue_name We assayed a large set of BDs in pull-down experiments and found that this module is highly specific for acetyllysine and propionyllysine containing peptides (Supplementary Fig. 7). INTRO | |
| 122 137 propionyllysine residue_name We assayed a large set of BDs in pull-down experiments and found that this module is highly specific for acetyllysine and propionyllysine containing peptides (Supplementary Fig. 7). INTRO | |
| 9 21 bromodomains structure_element However, bromodomains did not interact (or associated very weakly) with longer acyl modifications, including crotonyllysine, as in the case of BDs of TAF1 and BRD2, supporting recent reports. INTRO | |
| 109 123 crotonyllysine residue_name However, bromodomains did not interact (or associated very weakly) with longer acyl modifications, including crotonyllysine, as in the case of BDs of TAF1 and BRD2, supporting recent reports. INTRO | |
| 143 146 BDs structure_element However, bromodomains did not interact (or associated very weakly) with longer acyl modifications, including crotonyllysine, as in the case of BDs of TAF1 and BRD2, supporting recent reports. INTRO | |
| 150 154 TAF1 protein However, bromodomains did not interact (or associated very weakly) with longer acyl modifications, including crotonyllysine, as in the case of BDs of TAF1 and BRD2, supporting recent reports. INTRO | |
| 159 163 BRD2 protein However, bromodomains did not interact (or associated very weakly) with longer acyl modifications, including crotonyllysine, as in the case of BDs of TAF1 and BRD2, supporting recent reports. INTRO | |
| 35 47 YEATS domain structure_element These results demonstrate that the YEATS domain is currently the sole reader of crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 80 94 crotonyllysine residue_name These results demonstrate that the YEATS domain is currently the sole reader of crotonyllysine. INTRO | |
| 38 50 YEATS domain structure_element In conclusion, we have identified the YEATS domain of Taf14 as the first reader of histone crotonylation. INTRO | |
| 54 59 Taf14 protein In conclusion, we have identified the YEATS domain of Taf14 as the first reader of histone crotonylation. INTRO | |
| 83 90 histone protein_type In conclusion, we have identified the YEATS domain of Taf14 as the first reader of histone crotonylation. INTRO | |
| 91 104 crotonylation ptm In conclusion, we have identified the YEATS domain of Taf14 as the first reader of histone crotonylation. INTRO | |
| 71 85 π-π-π-stacking bond_interaction The unique and previously unobserved aromatic-amide/aliphatic-aromatic π-π-π-stacking mechanism facilitates the specific recognition of the crotonyl moiety. INTRO | |
| 140 148 crotonyl chemical The unique and previously unobserved aromatic-amide/aliphatic-aromatic π-π-π-stacking mechanism facilitates the specific recognition of the crotonyl moiety. INTRO | |
| 28 30 H3 protein_type We further demonstrate that H3K9cr exists in yeast and is dynamically regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 30 34 K9cr ptm We further demonstrate that H3K9cr exists in yeast and is dynamically regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 45 50 yeast taxonomy_domain We further demonstrate that H3K9cr exists in yeast and is dynamically regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 83 87 HATs protein_type We further demonstrate that H3K9cr exists in yeast and is dynamically regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 92 97 HDACs protein_type We further demonstrate that H3K9cr exists in yeast and is dynamically regulated by HATs and HDACs. INTRO | |
| 42 52 acyllysine residue_name As we previously showed the importance of acyllysine binding by the Taf14 YEATS domain for the DNA damage response and gene transcription, it will be essential in the future to define the physiological role of crotonyllysine recognition and to differentiate the activities of Taf14 that are due to binding to crotonyllysine and acetyllysine modifications. INTRO | |
| 68 73 Taf14 protein As we previously showed the importance of acyllysine binding by the Taf14 YEATS domain for the DNA damage response and gene transcription, it will be essential in the future to define the physiological role of crotonyllysine recognition and to differentiate the activities of Taf14 that are due to binding to crotonyllysine and acetyllysine modifications. INTRO | |
| 74 86 YEATS domain structure_element As we previously showed the importance of acyllysine binding by the Taf14 YEATS domain for the DNA damage response and gene transcription, it will be essential in the future to define the physiological role of crotonyllysine recognition and to differentiate the activities of Taf14 that are due to binding to crotonyllysine and acetyllysine modifications. INTRO | |
| 210 224 crotonyllysine residue_name As we previously showed the importance of acyllysine binding by the Taf14 YEATS domain for the DNA damage response and gene transcription, it will be essential in the future to define the physiological role of crotonyllysine recognition and to differentiate the activities of Taf14 that are due to binding to crotonyllysine and acetyllysine modifications. INTRO | |
| 276 281 Taf14 protein As we previously showed the importance of acyllysine binding by the Taf14 YEATS domain for the DNA damage response and gene transcription, it will be essential in the future to define the physiological role of crotonyllysine recognition and to differentiate the activities of Taf14 that are due to binding to crotonyllysine and acetyllysine modifications. INTRO | |
| 309 323 crotonyllysine residue_name As we previously showed the importance of acyllysine binding by the Taf14 YEATS domain for the DNA damage response and gene transcription, it will be essential in the future to define the physiological role of crotonyllysine recognition and to differentiate the activities of Taf14 that are due to binding to crotonyllysine and acetyllysine modifications. INTRO | |
| 328 340 acetyllysine residue_name As we previously showed the importance of acyllysine binding by the Taf14 YEATS domain for the DNA damage response and gene transcription, it will be essential in the future to define the physiological role of crotonyllysine recognition and to differentiate the activities of Taf14 that are due to binding to crotonyllysine and acetyllysine modifications. INTRO | |
| 44 58 crotonyllysine residue_name Furthermore, the functional significance of crotonyllysine recognition by other YEATS proteins will be of great importance to elucidate and compare. INTRO | |
| 80 85 YEATS protein_type Furthermore, the functional significance of crotonyllysine recognition by other YEATS proteins will be of great importance to elucidate and compare. INTRO | |
| 48 50 H3 protein_type The structural mechanism for the recognition of H3K9cr FIG | |
| 50 54 K9cr ptm The structural mechanism for the recognition of H3K9cr FIG | |
| 26 40 crotonyllysine residue_name (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 50 67 crystal structure evidence (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 75 80 Taf14 protein (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 81 93 YEATS domain structure_element (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 102 117 in complex with protein_state (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 122 132 H3K9cr5-13 chemical (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 154 156 H3 protein_type (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 156 160 K9cr ptm (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 218 254 electrostatic and polar interactions bond_interaction (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 264 269 Taf14 protein (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 270 282 YEATS domain structure_element (a) Chemical structure of crotonyllysine. (b) The crystal structure of the Taf14 YEATS domain (wheat) in complex with the H3K9cr5-13 peptide (green). (c) H3K9cr is stabilized via an extensive network of intermolecular electrostatic and polar interactions with the Taf14 YEATS domain. FIG | |
| 8 22 π-π-π stacking bond_interaction (d) The π-π-π stacking mechanism involving the alkene moiety of crotonyllysine. FIG | |
| 64 78 crotonyllysine residue_name (d) The π-π-π stacking mechanism involving the alkene moiety of crotonyllysine. FIG | |
| 0 2 H3 protein_type H3K9cr is a selective target of the Taf14 YEATS domain FIG | |
| 2 6 K9cr ptm H3K9cr is a selective target of the Taf14 YEATS domain FIG | |
| 36 41 Taf14 protein H3K9cr is a selective target of the Taf14 YEATS domain FIG | |
| 42 54 YEATS domain structure_element H3K9cr is a selective target of the Taf14 YEATS domain FIG | |
| 7 19 Western blot experimental_method (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 53 55 H3 protein_type (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 55 59 K9cr ptm (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 64 66 H3 protein_type (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 66 70 K9ac ptm (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 74 83 wild type protein_state (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 85 87 WT protein_state (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 90 93 HAT protein_type (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 107 111 HDAC protein_type (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 112 120 deletion experimental_method (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 121 126 yeast taxonomy_domain (a, b) Western blot analysis comparing the levels of H3K9cr and H3K9ac in wild type (WT), HAT deletion, or HDAC deletion yeast strains. FIG | |
| 6 8 H3 protein_type Total H3 was used as a loading control. FIG | |
| 17 28 1H,15N HSQC experimental_method (c) Superimposed 1H,15N HSQC spectra of Taf14 YEATS recorded as H3K9cr5-13 and H3K9ac5-13 peptides were titrated in. FIG | |
| 29 36 spectra evidence (c) Superimposed 1H,15N HSQC spectra of Taf14 YEATS recorded as H3K9cr5-13 and H3K9ac5-13 peptides were titrated in. FIG | |
| 40 45 Taf14 protein (c) Superimposed 1H,15N HSQC spectra of Taf14 YEATS recorded as H3K9cr5-13 and H3K9ac5-13 peptides were titrated in. FIG | |
| 46 51 YEATS structure_element (c) Superimposed 1H,15N HSQC spectra of Taf14 YEATS recorded as H3K9cr5-13 and H3K9ac5-13 peptides were titrated in. FIG | |
| 64 74 H3K9cr5-13 chemical (c) Superimposed 1H,15N HSQC spectra of Taf14 YEATS recorded as H3K9cr5-13 and H3K9ac5-13 peptides were titrated in. FIG | |
| 79 89 H3K9ac5-13 chemical (c) Superimposed 1H,15N HSQC spectra of Taf14 YEATS recorded as H3K9cr5-13 and H3K9ac5-13 peptides were titrated in. FIG | |
| 104 112 titrated experimental_method (c) Superimposed 1H,15N HSQC spectra of Taf14 YEATS recorded as H3K9cr5-13 and H3K9ac5-13 peptides were titrated in. FIG | |
| 0 7 Spectra evidence Spectra are color coded according to the protein:peptide molar ratio. FIG | |
| 4 16 Western blot experimental_method (d) Western blot analyses of peptide pull-down assays using wild-type and mutated Taf14 YEATS domains and indicated peptides. FIG | |
| 29 53 peptide pull-down assays experimental_method (d) Western blot analyses of peptide pull-down assays using wild-type and mutated Taf14 YEATS domains and indicated peptides. FIG | |
| 60 69 wild-type protein_state (d) Western blot analyses of peptide pull-down assays using wild-type and mutated Taf14 YEATS domains and indicated peptides. FIG | |
| 74 81 mutated protein_state (d) Western blot analyses of peptide pull-down assays using wild-type and mutated Taf14 YEATS domains and indicated peptides. FIG | |
| 82 87 Taf14 protein (d) Western blot analyses of peptide pull-down assays using wild-type and mutated Taf14 YEATS domains and indicated peptides. FIG | |
| 88 101 YEATS domains structure_element (d) Western blot analyses of peptide pull-down assays using wild-type and mutated Taf14 YEATS domains and indicated peptides. FIG | |