Moussab/ORKG-training-evaluation-set huggingface dataset:
Research field: Science
Title: Chemovariation ofArtemisia herba albaAsso. Aromatic Plants of the Holy Land and the Sinai. Part XVI.
Abstract: Abstract In continuation of our investigation of aromatic flora of the Holy Land, the systematic study of Artemisia herba alba essential oils has been conducted. The detailed composition of five relatively rare chemotypes of A. herba alba obtained through GC and GC/MS analysis are presented. To ensure the integrity of each chemotype the volatiles were extracted from individual plant specimens and bulked only if the GC profiles were substantially similar. The major constituents were: Type 1: 1,8 cineole (10.8%), α-thujone (40.9%) and β-thujone (34.9%); Type 2: 1,8 cineole (26.0%) and camphor (42.1%); Type 3; 1,8 cineole (26.6%) and β-thujone (44.0%); Type 4: cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (8.9%) and cis-chrysanthenol (30.0%); Type 5: cis-chysanthenol (6.8%) and cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (69.0%). This study showed that the population of A. herba alba in Israel consists of a much greater number of chemovarieties than was previously believed. Though chemovarieties are unevenly distributed in different geographic areas, no clear relation between the plant type and environmental conditions could be established.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Composition of the Essential Oil fromArtemisia herba-albaGrown in Jordan
Abstract: Abstract The composition of the essential oil hydrodistilled from the aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba Asso. growing in Jordan was determined by GC and GC/MS. The oil yield was 1.3% (v/w) from dried tops (leaves, stems and fowers). Forty components corresponding to 95.3% of the oil were identifed, of which oxygenated monoterpenes were the main oil fraction (39.3% of the oil), with α- and β-thujones as the principal components (24.7%). The other major identifed components were: santolina alcohol (13.0%), artemisia ketone (12.4%), trans-sabinyl acetate (5.4%), germacrene D (4.6%), α-eudesmol (4.2%) and caryophyllene acetate (5.7%). The high oil yield and the substantial levels of potentially active components, in particular thujones and santolina alcohol, in the oil of this Jordanian species make the plant and the oil thereof promising candidates as natural herbal constituents of antimicrobial drug combinations.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: APPLICATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF ARTEMISIA HERBA ALBA AS GREEN CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR STEEL IN 0.5 M H2SO4
Abstract: Essential oil from Artemisia herba alba (Art) was hydrodistilled and tested as corrosion inhibitor of steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 using weight loss measurements and electrochemical polarization methods. Results gathered show that this natural oil reduced the corrosion rate by the cathodic action. Its inhibition efficiency attains the maximum (74%) at 1 g/L. The inhibition efficiency of Arm oil increases with the rise of temperature. The adsorption isotherm of natural product on the steel has been determined. A. herba alba essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and its chemical composition oil was investigated by capillary GC and GC/MS. The major components were chrysanthenone (30.6%) and camphor (24.4%).
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Chemical variability of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oils from East Morocco
Abstract: Chemical compositions of 16 Artemisia herba-alba oil samples harvested in eight East Moroccan locations were investigated by GC and GC/MS. Chemical variability of the A. herba-alba oils is also discussed using statistical analysis. Detailed analysis of the essential oils led to the identification of 52 components amounting to 80.5–98.6 % of the total oil. The investigated chemical compositions showed significant qualitative and quantitative differences. According to their major components (camphor, chrysanthenone, and α- and β-thujone), three main groups of essential oils were found. This study also found regional specificity of the major components.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Chemical composition and antiproliferative activity of essential oil from aerial parts of a medicinal herb Artemisia herba-alba
Abstract: Artemisia herba-alba Asso., Asteraceae, is widely used in Morrocan folk medicine for the treatment of different health disorders. However, no scientific or medical studies were carried out to assess the cytotoxicity of A. herba-alba essential oil against cancer cell lines. In this study, eighteen volatile compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis of the essential oil obtained from the plant's aerial parts. The main volatile constituent in A. herba-alba was found to be a monoterpene, Verbenol, contributing to about 22% of the total volatile components. The essential oil showed significant antiproliferative activity against the acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (CEM) cell line, with 3 µg/mL as IC50 value. The anticancer bioactivity of Moroccan A. herba-alba essential oil is described here for the first time.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Chemical composition of the essential oil of Artemisia herba-alba Asso ssp. valentine (Lam.) Marcl
Abstract: Abstract The composition of the oil, steam-distilled from aerial parts of Artemisia herha-alba Asso ssp. valentina (Lam.) Marcl. (Asteraceae) collected from the south of Spain, has been analyzed by GC/MS. Among the 65 constituents investigated (representing 93.6 % of the oil composition), 61 were identified (90.3% of the oil composition). The major constituents detected were the sesquiterpene davanone (18.1%) and monoterpenes p-cymene (13.5%), 1,8-cineole (10.2%), chrysanthenone (6.7%), cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (5.6%), γ-terpinene (5.5%), myrcene (5.1%) and camphor (4.0%). The oil was dominated by monoterpenes (ca. 66% of the oil), p-menthane and pinane being the most representative skeleta of the group. The oil sample studied did not contain thujones, unlike most A. herba-alba oils described in the literature.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Chemical composition, mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of essential oils from (Tunisian) Artemisia campestris and Artemisia herba-alba
Abstract: Abstract The essential oil composition from the aerial parts of Artemisia campestris var. glutinosa Gay ex Bess and Artemisia herba-alba Asso (Asteraceae) of Tunisian origin has been studied by GC and GC/MS. The main constituents of the oil from A. campestris collected in Benguerdane (South of Tunisia) were found to be β-pinene (41.0%), p-cymene (9.9%), α-terpinene (7.9%), limonene (6.5%), myrcene (4.1%), β-phellandrene (3.4%) and a-pinene (3.2%). Whereas the oil from A. herba-alba collected in Tataouine (South of Tunisia) showed, pinocarvone (38.3%), a-copaene (12.18%), limonene (11.0%), isoamyl2-methylbutyrate (19.5%) as major compounds. The mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of the two oils were investigated by the Salmonella typhimurium/microsome assay, with and without addition of an extrinsic metabolic activation system. The oils showed no mutagenicity when tested with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA97. On the other hand, we showed that each oil had antimutagenic activity against the carcinogen Benzo (a) pyrene (B[a] P) when tested with TA97 and TA98 assay systems.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Essential Oil Composition of Artemisia herba-alba from Southern Tunisia
Abstract: The composition of the essential oil hydrodistilled from the aerial parts of 18 individual Artemisia herba-alba Asso. plants collected in southern Tunisia was determined by GC and GCMS analysis. The oil yield varied between 0.68% v/w and 1.93% v/w. One hundred components were identified, 21 of of which are reported for the first time in Artemisia herba-alba oil. The oil contained 10 components with percentages higher than 10%. The main components were cineole, thujones, chrysanthenone, camphor, borneol, chrysanthenyl acetate, sabinyl acetate, davana ethers and davanone. Twelve samples had monoterpenes as major components, three had sesquiterpenes as major components and the last three samples had approximately the same percentage of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The chemical compositions revealed that ten samples had compositions similar to those of other Artemisia herba-alba essential oils analyzed in other countries. The remaining eight samples had an original chemical composition.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Influence of drying time and process on Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oil yield and composition
Abstract: Abstract The essential oil content of Artemisia herba-alba Asso decreased along the drying period from 2.5 % to 1.8 %. Conversely, the composition of the essential oil was not qualitatively affected by the drying process. The same principle components were found in all essential analyzed such as α-thujone (13.0 – 22.7 %), β-thujone (18.0 – 25.0 %), camphor (8.6 - 13 %), 1,8-cineole (7.1 – 9.4 %), chrysanthenone (6.7 – 10.9 %), terpinen-4-ol (3.4 – 4.7 %). Quantitatively, during the air-drying process, the content of some components decreased slightly such as α-thujone (from 22.7 to 15.9 %) and 1,8-cineole (from 9.4 to 7.1 %), while the amount of other compounds increased such as chrysanthenone (from 6.7 to 10.9 %), borneol (from 0.8 to 1.5 %), germacrene-D (from 1.0 to 2.4 %) and spathulenol (from 0.8 to 1.5 %). The chemical composition of the oil was more affected by oven-drying the plant material at 35°C. α-Thujone and β-thujone decreased to 13.0 %and 18.0 %respectively, while the percentage of camphor, germacrene-D and spathulenol increased to 13.0 %, 5.5 %and 3.7 %, respectively.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: The essential oil from Artemisia herba-alba Asso cultivated in Arid Land (South Tunisia)
Abstract: Abstract Seedlings of Artemisia herba-alba Asso collected from Kirchaou area were transplanted in an experimental garden near the Institut des Régions Arides of Médenine (Tunisia). During three years, the aerials parts were harvested (three levels of cutting, 25%, 50% and 75% of the plant), at full blossom and during the vegetative stage. The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation and its chemical composition was determined by GC(RI) and 13C-NMR. With respect to the quantity of vegetable material and the yield of hydrodistillation, it appears that the best results were obtained for plants cut at 50% of their height and during the full blossom. The chemical composition of the essential oil was dominated by β-thujone, α-thujone, 1,8-cineole, camphor and trans-sabinyl acetate, irrespective of the level of cutting and the period of harvest. It remains similar to that of plants growing wild in the same area.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: IMPACT OF SEASON AND HARVEST FREQUENCY ON BIOMASS AND ESSENTIAL OIL YIELDS OF ARTEMISIA HERBA-ALBA CULTIVATED IN SOUTHERN TUNISIA
Abstract: <jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Artemisia herba-alba</jats:italic> Asso has been successfully cultivated in the Tunisian arid zone. However, information regarding the effects of the harvest frequency on its biomass and essential oil yields is very limited. In this study, the effects of three different frequencies of harvesting the upper half of the <jats:italic>A. herba-alba</jats:italic> plant tuft were compared. The harvest treatments were: harvesting the same individual plants at the flowering stage annually; harvesting the same individual plants at the full vegetative growth stage annually and harvesting the same individual plants every six months. Statistical analyses indicated that all properties studied were affected by the harvest frequency. Essential oil yield, depended both on the dry biomass and its essential oil content, and was significantly higher from plants harvested annually at the flowering stage than the other two treatments. The composition of the β- and α-thujone-rich oils did not vary throughout the experimental period.</jats:p>
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Composition and intraspecific chemical vari- ability of the essential oil from Artemisia herba alba growing wild in a Tunisian arid zone
Abstract: The intraspecific chemical variability of essential oils (50 samples) isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia herba‐alba Asso growing wild in the arid zone of Southeastern Tunisia was investigated. Analysis by GC (RI) and GC/MS allowed the identification of 54 essential oil components. The main compounds were β‐thujone and α‐thujone, followed by 1,8‐cineole, camphor, chrysanthenone, trans‐sabinyl acetate, trans‐pinocarveol, and borneol. Chemometric analysis (k‐means clustering and PCA) led to the partitioning into three groups. The composition of two thirds of the samples was dominated by α‐thujone or β‐thujone. Therefore, it could be expected that wild plants of A. herba‐alba randomly harvested in the area of Kirchaou and transplanted by local farmers for the cultivation in arid zones of Southern Tunisia produce an essential oil belonging to the α‐thujone/β‐thujone chemotype and containing also 1,8‐cineole, camphor, and trans‐sabinyl acetate at appreciable amounts.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Chemical Variability ofArtemisia herba-albaAsso Growing Wild in Semi-arid and Arid Land (Tunisia)
Abstract: Abstract Twenty-six oil samples were isolated by hydrodistillation from aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba Asso growing wild in Tunisia (semi-arid land) and their chemical composition was determined by GC(RI), GC/MS and 13C-NMR. Various compositions were observed, dominated either by a single component (α-thujone, camphor, chrysanthenone or trans-sabinyl acetate) or characterized by the occurrence, at appreciable contents, of two or more of these compounds. These results confrmed the tremendous chemical variability of A. herba-alba.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Chemical composition and biological activities of a new essential oil chemotype of Tunisian Artemisia herba alba Asso
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, angiotensin Iconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, antibacterial and antifungal activities of the essential oil of Artemisia herba alba Asso (Aha), a traditional medicinal plant widely growing in Tunisia. The essential oil from the air dried leaves and flowers of Aha were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. More than fifty compounds, out of which 48 were identified. The main chemical class of the oil was represented by oxygenated monoterpenes (50.53%). These were represented by 21 derivatives, among which the cis -chrysantenyl acetate (10.60%), the sabinyl acetate (9.13%) and the α-thujone (8.73%) were the principal compounds. Oxygenated sesquiterpenes, particularly arbusculones were identified in the essential oil at relatively high rates. The Aha essential oil was found to have an interesting antioxidant activity as evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and the β-carotene bleaching methods. The Aha essential oil also exhibited an inhibitory activity towards the ACE. The antimicrobial activities of Aha essential oil was evaluated against six bacterial strains and three fungal strains by the agar diffusion method and by determining the inhibition zone. The inhibition zones were in the range of 8-51 mm. The essential oil exhibited a strong growth inhibitory activity on all the studied fungi. Our findings demonstrated that Aha growing wild in South-Western of Tunisia seems to be a new chemotype and its essential oil might be a natural potential source for food preservation and for further investigation by developing new bioactive substances.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of the essential oil from aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba grown in Tunisian semi-arid region
Abstract: Essential oils and their components are becoming increasingly popular as naturally occurring antioxidant agents. In this work, the composition of essential oil in Artemisia herba-alba from southwest Tunisia, obtained by hydrodistillation was determined by GC/MS. Eighteen compounds were identified with the main constituents namely, α-thujone (24.88%), germacrene D (14.48%), camphor (10.81%), 1,8-cineole (8.91%) and β-thujone (8.32%). The oil was screened for its antioxidant activity with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, β-carotene bleaching and reducing power assays. The essential oil of A. herba-alba exhibited a good antioxidant activity with all assays with dose dependent manner and can be attributed to its presence in the oil. Key words: Artemisia herba alba, essential oil, chemical composition, antioxidant activity.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Oil
Research field: Science
Title: Unemployment Persistency, Over-education and the Employment Chances of the Less Educated
Abstract: The research question addressed in this article concerns whether unemployment persistency can be regarded as a phenomenon that increases employment difficulties for the less educated and, if so, whether their employment chances are reduced by an overly rapid reduction in the number of jobs with low educational requirements. The empirical case is Sweden and the data covers the period 1976-2000. The empirical analyses point towards a negative response to both questions. First, it is shown that jobs with low educational requirements have declined but still constitute a substantial share of all jobs. Secondly, educational attainment has changed at a faster rate than the job structure with increasing over-education in jobs with low educational requirements as a result. This, together with changed selection patterns into the low education group, are the main reasons for the poor employment chances of the less educated in periods with low general demand for labour.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Over-education
Research field: Science
Title: «Educational Mismatch and Labour Mobility of People with Disabilities: The Spanish Case
Abstract: In this paper we analyze the job-matching quality of people with disabilities. We do not find evidence of a greater importance of over-education in this group in comparison to the rest of the population. We find that people with disabilities have a lower probability of being over-educated for a period of 3 or more years, a higher probability of leaving mismatch towards inactivity or marginal employment, a lower probability of leaving mismatch towards a better match, and a higher probability of employment mobility towards inactivity or marginal employment. The empirical analysis is based on Spanish data from the European Community Household Panel from 1995 to 2000.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Over-education
Research field: Science
Title: Measuring Over-education
Abstract: Previous work on over-education has assumed homogeneity of workers and jobs. Relaxing these assumptions, we find that over-educated workers have lower education credentials than matched graduates. Among the over-educated graduates we distinguish between the apparently over-educated workers, who have similar unobserved skills as matched graduates, and the genuinely over-educated workers, who have a much lower skill endowment. Over-education is associated with a pay penalty of 5%-11% for apparently over-educated workers compared with matched graduates and of 22%-26% for the genuinely over-educated. Over-education originates from the lack of skills of graduates. This should be taken into consideration in the current debate on the future of higher education in the UK. Copyright The London School of Economics and Political Science 2003.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Over-education
Research field: Science
Title: Application of Linear Matrix Inequalities for Load Frequency Control With Communication Delays
Abstract: Load frequency control has been used for decades in power systems. Traditionally, this has been a centralized control by area with communication over a dedicated and closed network. New regulatory guidelines allow for competitive markets to supply this load frequency control. In order to allow an effective market operation, an open communication infrastructure is needed to support an increasing complex system of controls. While such a system has great advantage in terms of cost and reliability, the possibility of communication signal delays and other problems must be carefully analyzed. This paper presents a load frequency control method based on linear matrix inequalities. The primary aim is to find a robust controller that can ensure good performance despite indeterminate delays and other problems in the communication network.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Power systems
Research field: Science
Title: Application of genetic algorithms with dominant genes in a distributed scheduling problem in flexible manufacturing systems
Abstract: Multi-factory production networks have increased in recent years. With the factories located in different geographic areas, companies can benefit from various advantages, such as closeness to their customers, and can respond faster to market changes. Products (jobs) in the network can usually be produced in more than one factory. However, each factory has its operations efficiency, capacity, and utilization level. Allocation of jobs inappropriately in a factory will produce high cost, long lead time, overloading or idling resources, etc. This makes distributed scheduling more complicated than classical production scheduling problems because it has to determine how to allocate the jobs into suitable factories, and simultaneously determine the production scheduling in each factory as well. The problem is even more complicated when alternative production routing is allowed in the factories. This paper proposed a genetic algorithm with dominant genes to deal with distributed scheduling problems, especially in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) environment. The idea of dominant genes is to identify and record the critical genes in the chromosome and to enhance the performance of genetic search. To testify and benchmark the optimization reliability, the proposed algorithm has been compared with other approaches on several distributed scheduling problems. These comparisons demonstrate the importance of distributed scheduling and indicate the optimization reliability of the proposed algorithm.
Extracted statement — has research problem: Scheduling problems