Question: How can I keep my employees safe while we work at a large construction site?

Answer passage (source: CDC):
page_title: FAQs for Correctional and Detention Facilities
section_headers: Administrators at Correctional and Detention Facilities
How to prepare your facility for the possible spread of COVID-19
What steps should I take to prepare my facility?
section_content: Because of close contact and the number of people in correctional and
detention facilities (including prisons and jails), staff and people who are
incarcerated are at greater risk for the spread of germs. To help your
facility prepare for the possible spread of
COVID-19, update your emergency operations plan. This includes:

Adding key COVID-19 prevention strategies and posting information in the facility on how to limit the spread of germs.
Reminding staff to stay home when sick.
Identifying points of contact for local public health agencies.
Identifying physical locations (dedicated housing areas and bathrooms) where you can medically isolate incarcerated persons, as well as where to quarantine known close contacts of people with COVID-19. 
Follow guidance on medical isolation and quarantine.
Medical isolation and quarantine locations should be separate.


Offering flu shots to staff and people who are incarcerated, because limiting cases of flu can help speed the identification of people with COVID-19.
Developing ways to continue providing critical services, such as mental health support.
Ensuring adequate stocks of hygiene, cleaning, and medical supplies. 
Hygiene: Soap (preferably liquid to promote use), tissues, and hand drying supplies, as well as hand sanitizers, when possible. Ensure no-cost access to soap.
Cleaning: EPA-registered disinfectantsexternal icon effective against the virus that causes COVID-19
Medical supplies : Supplies for daily clinic needs, personal protective equipment (PPE), and testing


Creating and testing communications plans to share critical information.
Setting up systems to safely transfer people between facilities and identifying alternative strategies to in-person court appearances, when possible. 
Prevent confirmed and suspected COVID-19 cases and their close contacts from being transferred between jurisdictions and facilities unless necessary for medical evaluation, medical isolation/quarantine, clinical care, extenuating security concerns, or to prevent overcrowding.


Planning for staff absenteeism.

Follow CDC guidance on recommended PPE for staff who will have direct
contact with an individual with possible COVID-19 infection, or infectious
materials. Make contingency plans for the likely event of PPE shortages.
Follow the CDC Interim Clinical Guidance for Management of Patients with
Confirmed Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and monitor the guidance website regularly
for updates for staff evaluating and providing care for confirmed or suspected
COVID-19 cases. When no on-site healthcare capacity is available, make a plan
for how to ensure that people suspected to have COVID-19 will be medically
isolated, evaluated, tested (if indicated), and provided medical care. Contact
and collaborate with your state, local, tribal and territorial health
departments for more specific guidance.

Reviewer feedback on this answer:
This has information for prisons and correctional centers, while the question asks about construction sites.
This response is for people who are incarerated and staff of jails, prisons, and detention facilities.

Reviewer ratings:
Bad
Bad

Answer passage (source: CDC):
page_title: General Business Frequently Asked Questions
section_headers: Cleaning and Disinfection in the Workplace
In addition to cleaning and disinfecting, what can I do to decrease the spread of disease in my workplace?
section_content: Employers can also:

Provide tissues and no-touch disposal receptacles.
Provide soap and water in the workplace. If soap and water are not readily available, use alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. If hands are visibly dirty, soap and water should be chosen over hand sanitizer.
Place hand sanitizer in multiple locations to encourage good hand hygiene practices.
Place posters that encourage staying home when sick, the importance of hand hygiene, and coughing and sneezing etiquette at the entrance to your workplace and in other workplace areas where employees are likely to see them.
Discourage handshaking


Reviewer feedback on this answer:
Answer is vague. Could definitely be improved upon to reflect employees at construction sites.
This answer gives a few generic guidelines for employers, but it is not tailored towards construction sites.

Reviewer ratings:
Could be Improved
Could be Improved

Answer passage (source: CDC):
page_title: What Construction Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
section_headers: What steps should my employer take?
section_content: Employers should have a COVID-19 response plan to protect workers, following
CDC Interim Guidance for Businesses and
Employers, and share this plan with you and your coworkers in
languages you all understand. Small construction businesses should review the
CDC small business
guidelines. Your employer should take steps to:
Reduce transmission among workers:

Take steps to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 if an employee is sick. 
Actively encourage sick employees to stay home.
Sick employees diagnosed with COVID-19 shouldn’t return to work until the criteria to discontinue home isolation are met, in consultation with healthcare providers and state and local health departments.


Provide employees with accurate information (in a language they understand) about COVID-19, how it spreads, and risk of exposure. 
Provide workers with basic facts.
Conduct toolbox talks on all job sites to explain the protective measures in place.


Be aware that some employees may be at higher risk for severe illness, such as older adults and those with underlying medical conditions. Implement specific policies to minimize face-to-face contact for these employees or assign work tasks that allow them to maintain a distance of at least 6 feet from other workers, customers, and visitors, or to telework if possible.
Provide training to employees on proper handwashing practices and other routine preventative measures. This will help prevent the spread of many diseases, including COVID-19.
Provide employees with access to soap, clean running water, and materials for drying their hands, or if soap and water are not readily available provide alcohol-based hand sanitizers containing at least 60% alcohol at stations around the establishment for use by both workers and customers. 
Place handwashing stations and/or hand sanitizers in multiple locations (including in or adjacent to portable restrooms) to encourage hand hygiene.


Explore alternative ways to promote hand hygiene if there is difficulty sourcing hand sanitizer and running water is not available on site. Some examples may include: 
Install temporary or mobile handwashing stations, making sure there is an adequate supply of water, soap, and single-use paper towels.
Provide a large (5+ gallon) bucket with a lid and tap that can be used to provide water for handwashing. If this method is used, the water tap should be regularly cleaned and disinfected, and the contaminated wastewater must be collected and treated in accordance with local laws and environmental regulations. Provide fresh clean water daily.
Depending on the size or configuration of the job site, there may need to be multiple handwashing stations available to accommodate the workforce while maintaining social distancing, and stations may need to be restocked during the course of the day to maintain adequate handwashing supplies.


Develop and implement social distancing guidance for the workplace to maintain a distance of at least 6 feet between workers when possible.

Maintain a healthy work environment

Institute measures to physically separate and increase distance between employees, such as the following: 
Modify work schedules to stagger work, provide alternating workdays or extra shifts to reduce the total number of workers on a job site at any given time.
Restrict access to reduce the number of workers in enclosed and confined areas at one time. Confined and enclosed areas (e.g., trailers, small rooms in buildings under construction) should be identified and access should be restricted to essential personnel only. Enclosed spaces (e.g., toilets, break areas) are potential transmission areas and should be treated accordingly. Time spent in these areas should be minimized.
Rearrange administrative area workstations so that workers can stay at least 6 feet away from other workers.
Install shields or barriers, such as plexiglass barriers, where possible.
Remove or rearrange chairs and tables or add visual cue marks in break areas to support social distancing practices between workers. Identify alternative areas to accommodate overflow volume.
Disinfect break or lunchroom areas between each group using the areas.
Maintain social distancing when visiting lunch trucks or construction site vendors.
Limit casual (social) conversations that normally occur at work.
Cancel or postpone in-person meetings/trainings whenever possible. If you must meet, spread out to a distance of 6 feet or more between attendees.
Reduce the number of individuals at meetings, including worker orientations, to increase the distance between individuals.


Conduct a hazard assessment to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, for which workers may need personal protective equipment (PPE). CDC and OSHA have recommended PPE for some types of work activities when engineering and administrative controls cannot be implemented or are not fully protective. 
Employers are required to determine, select, provide, and train on correct PPE use and application for their workers’ specific job duties (see 29 CFR 1926 Subpart Eexternal icon).


Place posters that encourage staying home when sick, cough and sneeze etiquette, signs and symptoms of COVID-19, and proper hand hygiene practices at the entrance to the workplace and in other workplace areas where they are likely to be seen.
Provide tissues and no-touch disposal receptacles for employees to use.
Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces. If the surfaces are visibly dirty, clean them prior to disinfecting. To disinfect, use products that meet EPA’s criteria for use against SARS-CoV-2external icon, diluted household bleach solutions that are prepared according to the manufacturer’s label for disinfection, or alcohol solutions with at least 70% alcohol, and that are appropriate for the surface. Follow manufacturer’s directions for use. 
Clean workspaces and breakrooms at least once per shift or as often as workers change workstations.
Provide worker training on manufacturer’s directions for disinfectant use and provide workers with any additional PPE required for disinfection.


Provide disposable disinfectant wipes (when available) so that surfaces commonly touched can be wiped down.
Follow all applicable local, state, and federal regulations and public health agency guidelines.

Maintain healthy business operations

Designate a safety and health officer to be responsible for responding to COVID-19 concerns at every jobsite. Workers should know who this person is and how to contact them.
Implement flexible sick leave and supportive policies and practices. Consider drafting non-punitive emergency sick leave policies if sick leave is not offered to some or all employees. Employers should not require a positive COVID-19 test result or a healthcare provider’s note for employees who are sick to validate their illness, qualify for sick leave, or to return to work.
Provide information on whom to contact if employees become sick. If an employee is confirmed to have COVID-19 infection, employers should inform fellow employees of their possible exposure to COVID-19 in the workplace but maintain confidentiality as required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
Reach out to local public health officials to establish ongoing communications to facilitate access to relevant information before and during a local outbreak.


Reviewer feedback on this answer:
Response effectively answers the question. Answer also directs employers of small construction sites to an appropriate response.
This gives many detailed steps on how to keep construction sites safe and has some helpful links and materials, but it says at the beginning that it is focused on small construction sites, while the question asks about large construction sites.

Reviewer ratings:
Excellent
Acceptable