Question: What factors contribute to higher COVID-19 transmission among racial and ethnic minority groups?

Answer passage (source: CDC):
page_title: COVID-19 in Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups
section_headers: Factors that influence racial and ethnic minority group health
section_content: Health differences between racial and ethnic groups are often due to economic
and social conditions that are more common among some racial and ethnic
minorities than whites. In public health emergencies, these conditions can
also isolate people from the resources they need to prepare for and respond to
outbreaks.1,13, 14
Living conditions
For many people in racial and ethnic minority groups, living conditions may
contribute to underlying health conditions and make it difficult to follow
steps to prevent getting sick with COVID-19 or to seek treatment if they do
get sick.

Members of racial and ethnic minorities may be more likely to live in densely populated areas because of institutional racism in the form of residential housing segregation. People living in densely populated areas may find it more difficult to practice prevention measures such as social distancing.
Research also suggests that racial residential segregation is a fundamental cause of health disparities. For example, racial residential segregation is linked with a variety of adverse health outcomes and underlying health conditions.2-5 These underlying conditions can also increase the likelihood of severe illness from COVID-19.
Many members of racial and ethnic minorities live in neighborhoods that are further from grocery stores and medical facilities , making it more difficult to receive care if sick and stock up on supplies that would allow them to stay home.
Multi-generational households , which may be more common among some racial and ethnic minority families6, may find it difficult to take precautions to protect older family members or isolate those who are sick, if space in the household is limited.
Racial and ethnic minority groups are over-represented in jails, prisons, and detention centers , which have specific risks due to congregate living, shared food service, and more.

Work circumstances
The types of work and policies in the work environments where people in some
racial and ethnic groups are overrepresented can also contribute to their risk
for getting sick with COVID-19. Examples include:

Critical workers: The risk of infection may be greater for workers in essential industries who continue to work outside the home despite outbreaks in their communities, including some people who may need to continue working in these jobs because of their economic circumstances. 
Nearly a quarter of employed Hispanic and Black or African American workers are employed in service industry jobs compared to 16% of non-Hispanic whites.
Hispanic workers account for 17% of total employment but constitute 53% of agricultural workers; Black or African Americans make up 12% of all employed workers, but account for 30% of licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses.7


A lack of paid sick leave: Workers without paid sick leave might be more likely to continue to work even when they are sick for any reason. This can increase workers exposure to other workers who may have COVID-19, or, in turn, expose others them if they themselves have COVID-19. Hispanic workers have lower rates of access to paid leave than white non-Hispanic workers.8

Underlying health conditions and lower access to care
Existing health disparities, such as poorer underlying health and barriers to
getting health care, might make members of many racial and ethnic minority
groups especially vulnerable in public health emergencies like outbreaks of
COVID-19.

Not having health insurance: Compared to whites, Hispanics are almost 3 times as likely to be uninsured, and African Americans are almost twice as likely to be uninsured.9 In all age groups, blacks were more likely than whites to report not being able to see a doctor in the past year because of cost.10
Inadequate access is also driven by a long-standing distrust of the health care system, language barriers, and financial implications associated with missing work to receive care.
S erious underlying medical conditions : Compared to whites, black Americans experience higher death rates, and higher prevalence rates of chronic conditions.10
Stigma and systemic inequalities may undermine prevention efforts, increase levels of chronic and toxic stress, and ultimately sustain health and health care disparities.


Reviewer feedback on this answer:
Answer objectively and thoroughly answers query from multiple view points. The answer uses a multi-faceted approach to answer the query with many, many responses. This is a very good and very robust answer.
This answer is perfect.  It lists the reasons why certain ethnic groups are more susceptible clealy and laid out very well.

Reviewer ratings:
Excellent
Excellent

Answer passage (source: CDC):
page_title: COVID-19 in Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups
section_headers: What can be done
section_content: History shows that severe illness and death rates tend to be higher for racial
and ethnic minority groups during public health emergencies.12 Addressing the
needs of vulnerable populations in emergencies includes improving day-to-day
life and harnessing the strengths of these groups. Shared faith, family, and
cultural institutions are common sources of social support. These institutions
can empower and encourage individuals and communities to take actions to
prevent the spread of COVID-19, care for those who become sick, and help
community members cope with
stress. For example, families,
churches and other groups in affected populations can help their communities
face an epidemic by consulting CDC guidance documents for their organization
type.
The federal government is undertaking the following:

Collecting data to monitor and track disparities among racial and ethnic groups in the number of COVID-19 cases, complications, and deaths to share broadly and inform decisions on how to effectively address observed disparities. These data will be translated into information to improve the clinical management of patients, allocation of resources, and targeted public health information. Supporting partnerships between scientific researchers, professional organizations, community organizations, and community members to address their need for information to prevent COVID-19 in racial and ethnic minority communities.
Providing clinical guidance and guidance to support actions to slow the spread of COVID-19 in schools, workplaces and community settings, including those serving racial and ethnic minorities.

Public health professionals can do the following:

Ensure that communications about COVID-19 and its impact on different population groups is frequent, clear, transparent, and credible.
Work with other sectors , such as faith and community education, business, transportation, and housing organizations, to share information and implement strategies to address social and economic barriers to implementing steps to slow the spread of COVID-19.
Link more people among racial and ethnic minority groups to healthcare services for serious underlying medical conditions — for example, services to help them obtain necessary medications, follow treatment plans, or get testing and treatment if they have COVID-19 symptoms.
Provide information forhealthcare professionals and health systems to understand cultural differences among patients and how patients interact with providers and the healthcare system. The National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health and Health Care (The National CLAS Standards) aim to improve health care quality and advance health equity by establishing a framework for organizations to serve the nation’s increasingly diverse communities.
Use evidence-based strategies to reduce health disparities. Those most vulnerable before an emergency are also the most vulnerable during and after an emergency.

Community organizations can do the following:

Prepare community health workers in underserved racial and ethnic minority communities to educate and link people to free or low-cost services.
Prioritize resources for clinics, private practices, and other organizations that serve minority populations.
Leverage effective health promotion programs in community, work, school, and home settings to disseminate recommendations and information about COVID-19.
Work across sectors to connect people with services, such as grocery delivery or temporary housing, that help them practice social distancing. Connect people to healthcare providers and resources to help them get medications they may need.
To prevent the spread of COVID-19, promote precautions to protect individuals in your community, including the correct use of cloth face coverings and equip communities with supplies to make them.
Help combat the spread of rumors and misinformation by providing credible information from official sources.

Learn more about what community organizations
can do.
Healthcare systems and healthcare providers can do the following:


Implement standardized protocols in accordance with CDC guidance and quality improvement initiatives, especially in facilities that serve large minority populations.


Identify and address implicit bias that could hinder patient-provider interactions and communication.11


Provide medical interpretation services for patients who need them.

Work with communities and healthcare professional organizations to reduce cultural barriers to care.
Connect patients with community resources that can help older adults and people with underlying conditions adhere to their care plans, including help getting extra supplies and medications they need and reminders for them to take their medicines.
Learn about social and economic conditions that may put some patients at higher risk for getting sick with COVID-19 than others — for example, conditions that make it harder for some people to take steps to prevent infection.
Promote a trusting relationship by encouraging patients to call and ask questions.


Reviewer feedback on this answer:
Answer is an adequate response to the question but does not answer the higher level question. The reader can gleam some information about the question but it is overall response that does not factually answer the query.
It doesn't really answer the question at all.  It makes no mention of racial or ethnic peoplr and how they are affected more by the coronavirus.

Reviewer ratings:
Could be Improved
Bad

Answer passage (source: CDC):
page_title: Frequently Asked Questions
section_headers: Coronavirus Disease 2019 Basics
Why might someone blame or avoid individuals and groups (create stigma) because of COVID-19?
section_content: People in the U.S. may be worried or anxious about friends and relatives who
are living in or visiting areas where COVID-19 is spreading. Some people are
worried about getting the disease from these people. Fear and anxiety can lead
to social stigma, for example, toward people who live in certain parts of the
world, people who have traveled internationally, people who were in
quarantine, or healthcare professionals.
Stigma is discrimination against an identifiable group of people, a place, or
a nation. Stigma is associated with a lack of knowledge about how COVID-19
spreads, a need to blame someone, fears about disease and death, and gossip
that spreads rumors and myths.
Stigma hurts everyone by creating more fear or anger toward ordinary people
instead of focusing on the disease that is causing the problem.

Reviewer feedback on this answer:
Again, it doesn't mention the factors that csn affect certain minorites or ethnic groups more than others.
Answer is completely off topic. Answer addresses an ancillary concern regarding the questio

Reviewer ratings:
Bad
Bad