Ngokuqhelekileyo ithoyilethi yomngxuma iba neenxalenye ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: umngxuma osemhlabeni, islebhu okanye umgangatho onomngxuma omncinci, kunye nekhusi. Lo mngxuma udla ngokuba ziimitha eziyi-3 ubuncinane (10 iinyawo) ubunzulu kunye ne-1 m (3.2 iinyawo) ububanzi. IWorld Health Organization incomela ukuba zakhiwe kumgama ofanelekileyo ukusuka endlini kulungelelaniswa umba wokufikeleleka lula kunye nomba wevumba. Umgama ukusuka kumanzi angaphantsi komhlaba namanzi angaphezu komhlaba ufanele ube mkhulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ingozi yokhukuliseko. Umngxuma okwislebhu awufanele ube mkhulu kuneesentimitha eziyi-25 (9.8 intshi) ukuthintela ukuwela kwabantwana kuwo. Ukukhanya kumele kuthintelwe kungangeni kulo mngxuma ukuze kungangeni zimpukane. Oku kunokufuna ukuba kusetyenziswe isiciko ukuze kugqunywe umngxuma xa ungasetyenziswa. Xa umngxuma uzala ufikelela kwiimitha eziyi-0.5 (1.6 iinyawo) ukuya phezulu, ufanele uphungulwe okanye kwakhiwe umngxuma omtsha kuze kuthuthelwe ikhusi kwindawo entsha okanye liphinde lakhiwe. Ukulawulwa kwelindle elikhutshwa emngxumeni kunzima. kukho iingozi kokusingqongileyo nakwimpilo.