Gabon igizwe n’amoko agera kuri 50 ay’ingenzi akaba ari aba Fangs, aba Omyene, aba Teke n’aba Punus. Mu bijyanye n’umuco, ibyo bituma icyo gihugu kigira ubutunzi bwihariye kuko buri bwoko bugira imico itandukanye n’iy’abandi.