Pún-thé-lūn sī tiat-ha̍k lāi-té hêng-jî-siōng-ha̍k kài ki-pún ê 1-ki. I gián-kiù ê hoān-ûi tuì chûn-chāi (being) kàu hui-chûn-chāi (nonbeing), tī--leh (existence) / hui-tī-leh (nonexistence), si̍t-chāi (reality) / hui-si̍t-chāi (nonreality), si̍t-thé (entity) / hui-si̍t-thé (nonentity), hām mi̍h (thing) / bô-mi̍h (nothing) téng-téng.