A zamanin dá, wanda yanzu alkaryar Faransa ne dá tana da mutanen Gaul, kananan mutane. Daular Romawa sun ci mutanen Gaul da yaki a shekara ta 51 BC kafin zuwan Kiristi, wanda ta rike Gaul zuwa shekaru 486. Mutanen Gaul ta Roma sun fuskanci hare-hare da kaurace-kaurace daga ýan Faransa ta Jamus wanda sun mamaye yankin shekaru aru-aru, daga baya suna kafa Daular Faransa na dá. Faransa ta fito muhimi wajen mulki na Turai a shekaru na karshe ta tsakiya, da nasararta cikin shekaru dari na yaki (1337 zuwa 1453) wanda ta karfafa ginin Kasar Faransa da ba da dama na gaba a mulukiya innanaha na tsakiya. A cikin lokacin farfadowa, Faransa ta fuskanci cin gaban al’adu makake da farkon kafuwar Daular mulkin mallaka na zamani. Yakin basasa na addini tsakanin ýan Katolika da ýan Furotesta, ta mamaye karni na goma sha shida (16th).