|
[
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "诊断小儿重度脱水的主要依据是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "出现休克症状"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "心脏病病人用力排便可能引起的严重意外是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "心搏骤停"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "书写危重病人交班报告时要用什么标记?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "※"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病的症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "癫痫发作"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "接触传染病病人后,关于手消毒错误的叙述是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "双手浸于消毒液中,并用刷子每只手刷1分钟"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "乙醇拭浴时头部置冰袋的目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "防止表皮血管收缩、头部充血"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "清洁口腔、预防感染应选择的漱口液是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "2%~3%硼酸溶液"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "药物的血浆半衰期是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血浆药物浓度下降一半所需的时间"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "测量呼吸时,护士的手仍放在诊脉部位是为了什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "转移病人注意力"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "妊娠32周发现为臀先露胎位,护士应指导其采取什么体位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胸膝卧位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人手指并拢一手掌面积为体表总面积的多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1.0%"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "休克早期血压及脉搏的变化是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "收缩压正常,舒张压升高,脉搏细速"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "防止烧伤休克的主要措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "补液治疗"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于小儿生长发育,下述哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "淋巴系统发育于学龄期达成人水平"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "过敏性紫癜与血小板减少性紫癜的主要区别是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血小板正常"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胆道T型引流管冲洗后注入33%硫酸镁的目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "松弛括约肌,以利引流"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "临床拟诊为肝管结石,下列哪种成像技术为首选?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "CT"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列各类病人无须鼻饲法进食的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "休克病人"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "确诊新型隐球菌性脑膜炎的主要实验室检查是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑脊液涂片墨汁染色"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对缺氧和二氧化碳潴留同时并存者应如何给氧?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "低浓度持续给氧"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "躯体石膏固定病人最严重的并发症是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "石膏综合征"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "细菌耐药最常见的机制是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "产生抗生素灭活酶"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列消毒剂中属中效消毒剂的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "碘伏"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "异物最严重的并发症是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "喉头梗阻"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅内动脉瘤出血的诱因不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "卧床休息"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大量饮水后尿量增多的主要原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "抗利尿激素分泌减少"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "匹罗卡品在眼病中的作用,下列哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "解除眼肌痉挛"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "放射治疗价值不大的肿瘤是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脂肪肉瘤"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "三大营养物质在体内氧化时所释放的能量用来维持体温的能量占总量的多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "50%"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "糖尿病膳食治疗的目的中,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "调整膳食中糖的供给量"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "物理降温后半小时测得的体温记录应如何记录?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "物理降温后半小时测得的体温记录应在降温前的同一纵格内用红圈红虚线表示。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "当外界温度高于人体皮肤温度时,人体唯一的散热方式是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "当外界温度高于人体皮肤温度时,人体唯一的散热方式是蒸发。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膀胱肿瘤术后化学治疗灌注常用药物是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "膀胱肿瘤术后化学治疗灌注常用药物为塞替派。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "不宜用于治疗胃溃疡的药物是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不宜用于治疗胃溃疡的药物是阿托品。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对截瘫病人的护理不包括哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对截瘫病人的护理不包括保护角膜。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "氢化可的松的主要作用是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "氢化可的松的主要作用是减少嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "诊断原发性甲状腺功能减退最敏感的试验是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "诊断原发性甲状腺功能减退最敏感的试验是血清促甲状腺激素(TSH)测定。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "目前引起输血后肝炎的主要肝炎病毒是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "目前引起输血后肝炎的主要肝炎病毒为丙型肝炎病毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "治疗质量指标不包括下列哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "治疗质量指标不包括无菌手术切口感染率。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "消毒是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "消毒是指杀死物体上的病原微生物。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "休克病人尿量稳定在每小时多少以上时,表示休克已纠正?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "休克病人尿量稳定在每小时30mL以上时,表示休克已纠正。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "麻醉中血压升高常见的原因不包括哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "麻醉中血压升高常见的原因不包括过度通气。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑血栓形成后神经系统的局灶性症状多逐渐加重,一般情况下症状达到高峰在发病后多长时间?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑血栓形成后神经系统的局灶性症状多逐渐加重,一般情况下症状达到高峰在发病10余小时或1~2天。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性巴比妥类药中毒时最主要的并发症和致死原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性巴比妥类药中毒时最主要的并发症和致死原因是呼吸和循环衰竭。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起慢性肾衰竭最常见的原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引起慢性肾衰竭最常见的原因是慢性肾小球肾炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起猝死最常见的心律失常是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引起猝死最常见的心律失常是心室颤动。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "确定一种传染病的隔离期是根据该病人的什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "确定一种传染病的隔离期是根据该病人的潜伏期长短。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "口臭病人应选择的漱口液是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "口臭病人应选择的漱口液是1%~3%过氧化氢溶液。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护理记录单上记录24小时总出入水量用什么笔?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护理记录单上记录24小时总出入水量用红钢笔。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大量不保留灌肠时,灌肠简液面高出肛门的适宜距离是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "大量不保留灌肠时,灌肠简液面高出肛门的适宜距离是40~60cm。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "与肝癌发病关系密切的因素是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "与肝癌发病关系密切的因素是黄曲霉毒素。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑疝急救首选药物是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑疝急救首选20%甘露醇。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "腹腔内空腔脏器破裂的临床表现,下列哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "腹腔内空腔脏器破裂的临床表现,不正确的是急性腹膜炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某人的血清中存在两种不同的抗体即抗A和抗B,此人的血型是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "某人的血清中存在两种不同的抗体即抗A和抗B,此人的血型为O型。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "康复期护理比慢性病期护理更为强调什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "康复期护理比慢性病期护理更为强调加强功能锻炼。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对于狂犬病病人应实行哪种隔离?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对于狂犬病病人应实行接触隔离。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于输血科预防医院内感染的措施,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于输血科预防医院内感染的措施,错误的是被血液污染的台面可用苯扎溴铵消毒处理。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高热病人应用冰袋降温时,冰袋不能放置在哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "高热病人应用冰袋降温时,冰袋不能放置在心前区。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输液速度过快导致急性肺水肿的特征性症状是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输液速度过快导致急性肺水肿的特征性症状是呼吸困难、咳嗽、胸闷、咳粉红色泡沫痰。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一病人吸氧的流量为4L/min,其吸氧的浓度是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "一病人吸氧的流量为4L/min,其吸氧的浓度是37%。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "需要同时服用下列药物时,应最后服用的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "止咳糖浆"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于食管的狭窄,下列哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "第二狭窄相当于胸骨角平面"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "鉴别糖尿病酮症酸中毒和高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷的主要症状为?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "局限性抽搐"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胃溃疡疼痛的规律为?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "进食-疼痛-缓解"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "变应性鼻炎为?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "Ⅰ型超敏反应"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "最常见的咯血原因是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肺结核"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "决定血浆胶体渗透压的主要物质是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "清蛋白"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "慢性肾炎肾病型在用氮芥治疗中应特别注意观察什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "白细胞减少"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "预防放射性肺炎的重要措施是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "大面积照射时,放射剂量应控制在30Gy以下"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列除哪项外均可能为颅内压骤然增高导致脑疝的诱因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "腰椎穿刺"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "无菌手术感染率标准值为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "<2%"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "低钾血症是指血清钾浓度低于多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "3.5mmol/L"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是维生素D缺乏性佝偻病初期的临床表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "惊厥"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "休克发生持续时间超过多少小时容易继发内脏器官的损害?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "10小时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "典型偏头痛与普通型偏头痛的区别在于什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "视觉先兆"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "可以上人工呼吸机的病人是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "呼吸骤停经各种治疗无效者"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "目前糖尿病主要死亡原因是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "心血管并发症"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "无菌包被无菌等渗盐水浸湿后应如何处理?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "停止使用,重新灭菌"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "小儿各系统器官发育最迟的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "生殖器官"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "炎性水肿产生的主要机制是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "微血管壁通透性增高"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "食管第二狭窄的位置相当于?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "第4~第5胸椎之间高度"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "介入治疗后病人的休息与活动下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "安起搏器者取右侧卧位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "口腔真菌感染漱口液选择?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1%~3%碳酸氢钠溶液"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是白血病的临床表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血糖降低"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "在三测单上用红钢笔纵行在40℃~42℃相应时间栏内填写的内容,不包括下列哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "分娩"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "DIC最主要的病理特征是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "凝血功能失常"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关病毒的叙述,错误的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病毒以分裂的方式增殖"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "从上午10:00开始输液,液体总量为1500mL,输液速度为60滴/min,其输液结束的时间应是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "16:15"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "新生儿生理性体重下降,最多不超过出生体重的多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "10%"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "男,42岁,发热2周,伴进行性贫血,全身乏力,急诊入院。体温39.2℃,脉搏98次/min,B超检查提示脾大,初诊为亚急性心内膜炎,需做血培养进一步明确诊断。该病人应取血多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "10~15mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项内容有助于区别肾盂肾炎和膀胱炎?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "尿中有白细胞管型"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "艾滋病病毒(HIV)不能通过下列哪种途径传播?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "握手"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一般主张应在生后多长时间开始添加辅食?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "4~6个月时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关生命体征的概念下列哪项正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "体温、脉搏、呼吸、血压的总称"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关“护士管理方法”的内容下列哪项错误?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护士注册的有效期为5年"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "免疫系统包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "免疫组织、免疫器官、免疫细胞、免疫分子"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "进行胆道或胃肠道疾病超声检查时,通常要求病人禁食时间为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "8小时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列药物中成瘾性极小的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "喷他佐辛"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "床单位的设备不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输液架"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于干扰素的描述,错误的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不能由病毒寄生的宿主细胞产生"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "插胃管时,病人出现呛咳、发绀时,护士应怎么做?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "立即拔出胃管重插"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人意识不清,伴有躁动不安、错觉、幻觉或胡言乱语等精神症状,属于什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "谵妄"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "如果小儿3天前曾与麻疹病人接触,合适的处理是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "立即给予血清免疫球蛋白"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "蛋白质的生理功能不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "阻止癌细胞分裂"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "铺备用床时下述哪项不必要?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "核对床号、姓名"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项最符合心力衰竭的概念?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "心输出量不能满足机体的需要"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "当病人病情危重救治无望时,若有关方面提出“安乐死”要求时,应如何处理?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不予同意"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪种病人临床上不出现发绀?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "严重贫血"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "杀灭物体上病原微生物(不包括细菌的芽胞)的方法称为?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "消毒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "每次治疗完毕,舱内的紫外线空气消毒时间是多长?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "30分钟"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "不保留灌肠时肛管插入的长度为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "7~10cm"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于开放性骨折病人的急救处理,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "应用止血带者每30秒放松1次"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "开放性脑外伤的含意是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "头皮裂伤,颅骨骨折,硬脑膜破裂,脑组织直接与外界相通"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关咽鼓管的叙述,哪项正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "调节中耳腔与外界气压平衡"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护理的4个基本概念不包括哪一项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "整体"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于髋关节的叙述,正确的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "由髋臼与股骨头构成"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "能通过胎盘的免疫球蛋白是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "IgG"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是放射性皮肤损伤的临床表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "皮疹"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅后窝病变引起颅内压增高病人禁忌什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "腰椎穿刺"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "心室舒张时射血停止,但血液仍在流动,其动力来自什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "主动脉的弹性回缩"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膀胱肿瘤行肠代膀胱术后,膀胱冲洗最重要的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "严防引流管被肠黏液阻塞"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "用干化学法检测尿液,如尿中含高浓度维生素C,对下列哪项不产生负干扰?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "Ph"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "上尿路结石主要症状是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "疼痛、血尿"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人张某,在输液过程中突然感到胸部异常不适,随后出现呼吸困难,严重发绀。其最大可能及首要处理是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "空气栓塞,立即左侧卧位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大量饮清水后导致抗利尿激素分泌减少的主要原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血浆晶体渗透压降低"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护士注册的有效期是多久?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "2年"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是放射治疗的并发症?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血小板增加"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "夜间备用医嘱的失效时间是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "次日7am"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪个部位严重损伤易发生挤压综合征?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "臀部和大腿"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "麻疹最常见的并发症是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "支气管肺炎"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "不符合皮肤病外用药剂型选择原则的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "糜烂、渗出时选用软膏"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "骨折现场急救错误的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "开放性骨折应现场复位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "发生脑脊液鼻漏最常见的原因是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "外伤性"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大量不保留灌肠的目的不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "灌注肠道杀菌剂"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "保护会阴的要点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "用手掌鱼际顶住会阴部"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是处理放射性直肠炎的措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "口服碳酸氢钠"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于口腔护理的目的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "保持呼吸道通畅"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "电抽搐不宜用于治疗下列哪类精神病病人?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "神经衰弱"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病种病例分型质量评价的指标不包括下列哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "医疗质量评价指标"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对怀疑医院内感染的病例取标本进行病原体检查,错误的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为节约经费,应该在抗感染治疗效果不佳时取标本做病原体检查"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "书写手术病人交班报告时,不要求书写的内容是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "手术者姓名"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "滴眼药的注意事项哪项不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "每次滴3滴以上"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "平衡盐溶液的配方是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1/3的1.9%乳酸钠溶液和2/3复方氯化钠溶液"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "初级卫生保健又称什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "基层卫生保健"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "外科中最常见的两种休克是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "低血容量性休克、感染性休克"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "小儿各系统器官发育最早的是哪个?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "神经系统"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "成人体温每升高1℃,心率平均每分钟约增加多少次?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "18次"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪类病人应首先进行处理?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "开放性气胸"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高压氧治疗的含义是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "在超过1个大气压的密闭环境下,呼吸高浓度的氧气以治疗疾病的一种方法"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于小儿年龄分期,错误的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "婴儿期是指出生到满1周岁之前"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "哪项发疹性感染的皮疹出现最早?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 水痘、风疹"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "值班护士一旦发现前列腺手术后病人持续膀胱冲洗引流液颜色逐渐加深,下列哪项不属于立即处理措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 给予抗炎治疗"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关开角性青光眼的手术治疗时间哪项正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 应用各种药物而且在最大药量治疗下眼压仍不能控制时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是鼻出血的全身原因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 妇女月经期"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "抢救一氧化碳中毒病人的最首要的措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 迅速脱离中毒现场"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "嗜铬细胞瘤的诊断试验中,哪项最有价值?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 测定24小时尿中肾上腺素及去甲肾上腺素总量"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护理白血病病人最重要的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 预防感染"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "抢救大咯血窒息时,病人的体位应采取什么姿势?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 俯卧头低足高位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人颈椎损伤时应立即采取的主要措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 迅速作颅骨牵引"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "呕血病人的饮食应该是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 暂禁食"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "开放式输液过程中添加药液错误的操作是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 用注射器加药时应拧紧针栓"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "新生儿抗感染的主要抗体是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. IgM"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性左心衰病人采取端坐位的主要目的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 减少静脉回心血量,减轻肺淤血和心脏负担"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项内镜不需要灭菌?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 纤维支气管镜"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性心肌梗死的诊断,哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 起病即有发热"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "服用某些磺胺类药时同时加服碳酸氢钠,其目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 使尿液碱化,避免出现结晶"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "沙眼的病原体是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 衣原体"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起颅内压增高的疾病包括以下各项,但除外?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 创伤性窒息"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列皮试液的剂量哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 链霉素皮试剂量25U/0.1mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "血清与血浆最重要的区别是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 血清中缺乏纤维蛋白原"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于胸膜腔闭式引流装置,下列哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 水封瓶长玻管在水下3~4cm,水封瓶低引流口60cm"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "休克病人的体位一般应采取什么姿势?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 头和躯干部抬高20°~30°,下肢抬高15°~20°"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "新生儿败血症最常见的并发症是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 化脓性脑膜炎"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是康复护理的主要内容?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. “替代护理”"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "食管的第一狭窄相当于哪个部位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 第6颈椎下缘"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于气管异物的临床表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 出现潮式呼吸"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病原菌不入血,只有其产生的毒素进入血液而引起全身中毒症状,称为?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 毒血症"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "上消化道出血病人的饮食护理,下列哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 大便隐血试验持续阳性,应暂时禁食"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "蛛网膜下腔出血急性期应绝对卧床休息多长时间?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 4周"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "医院内感染主要发生在哪类人群中?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 住院病人"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "维生素的生理功能不包括哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 提供热能"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "毛细血管采血法常用于什么检查?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 血常规检查"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "免疫功能低下病人的医院内感染预防,下列哪项错误?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 广谱抗生素肠道预防感染"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "孕妇最易并发哪种贫血?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 缺铁性贫血"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于临时备用医嘱,下列哪项不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 医嘱有效时间在24小时以内"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下述哪项最符合急性肾衰竭的概念?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 肾脏泌尿功能急剧障碍"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "再生障碍性贫血引起贫血最主要的原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 骨髓造血功能低下"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为女性病人导尿,尿管插入尿道4~6cm,见尿后再插深度是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 1cm"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性闭角性青光眼病人角膜呈什么样?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 雾状混浊"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "阿托品解痉作用最好的是哪个部位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 胃肠道平滑肌"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "联苯胺通常可引起什么癌症?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 膀胱癌"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大咯血窒息抢救措施不妥的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 立即应用镇咳镇静药"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起新生儿缺氧、缺血性脑病的因素应除外哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 新生儿血清胆红素升高"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脊髓灰质炎病人自发病起至少应隔离多久?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 40天"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关医院内感染预防与控制的概念,哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 医院内感染一定是由于消毒隔离缺陷所致"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "代谢性酸中毒最突出的症状是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 呼吸深快甚至有酮味"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "正常眼压是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 1.3~2.8kPa"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "需要日间用蓝钢笔,夜间用红钢笔书写的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 病区报告"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "静脉输液时,下列哪项不是液体检查的内容?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 开瓶时间"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "经血液、体液传播的病原体不包括哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 麻疹病毒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列资料中哪项属于主观资料?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 腹部胀痛"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "从上午8:00开始输液,要求5小时内输入1000mL液体,每分钟滴数应调节为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 50滴"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "腹膜炎三联征是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 腹肌紧张、腹部压痛和反跳痛"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪类药物服用后应多饮水?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 磺胺类药"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输尿管的3个狭窄,由起始端至末端依次是哪些部位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 与肾盂移行处、与髂血管交叉处、壁内段"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅内压增高病人头痛的特点应除外哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 清晨较轻"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "若药液漏出血管外,可导致局部缺血坏死的药物是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 去甲肾上腺素"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性虹膜睫状体炎时,局部治疗首先应该点用什么药?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 麻痹扩瞳剂"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肝性脑病病人进行清洁灌肠,其溶液最好选用哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 生理盐水100mL加白醋10mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "属于低水平消毒剂的是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 洗必泰"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "能高亲和抗体IgE的细胞是哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "产生脑栓塞最多见的栓子来源是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 心源性栓子"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肋骨骨折最常见于哪个部位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 4~7肋骨"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为病人吸痰时导致缺氧加重,每次抽吸的时间应少于多少秒?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. <15秒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "乙醇拭浴降温的主要机制是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 蒸发"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "从动脉抽取血标本,如不与大气隔绝,将会直接影响检测指标准确性的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. ABE"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "鼻导管给氧,下列哪项步骤不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 导管用液状石蜡润滑"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "功能性便秘应避免什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 依赖泻药"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "床上铺橡皮单,其上端距床头相当于什么长度?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 肘至指端"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "双人进行胸外心脏按压时与人工呼吸的比例是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 5:1"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为预防局部麻醉药的毒性反应,常用的术前用药是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 巴比妥类药物"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "行大量不保留灌肠时,成人每次液体用量是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 500~1000mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输液反应中属于医院内感染的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 由于液体被细菌污染引起的发热"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项是输液反应中急性肺水肿的特征性症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 咳嗽、咳粉红色泡沫痰、气促、胸闷"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "AG增高提示体内有什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 正常氯血性代谢性酸中毒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "手足口病的多发年龄是多少岁以下?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 5岁以下"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "造成休克死亡的三大原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 心、肺、肾功能衰竭"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "给病人机械通气时,设定吸入氧的浓度通常为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 30%~50%"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "水痘的潜伏期为多少天?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 10~21天"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾性水肿首先出现的部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 眼睑"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "溃疡病病人出现下列哪项病情提示有穿孔发生?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 上腹剧痛、腹肌紧张"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "中心静脉压增高或降低,其临床意义提示什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 心功能不全"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尿液中17-羟类固醇含量增高,提示病人有哪种情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 肾上腺皮质功能亢进"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人的出入水量除记录在护理记录单上以外,还应记录于哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 三测单"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "处理骨折病人时,应首先掌握的原则是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 妥善处理伤口,并简单有效固定"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "ICU床位数在综合医院一般为总床位数的多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 3%~4%"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "现代护理模式中,护理的重点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 以人的健康为中心"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "除灭菌速度快、灭菌效果好、经济、环境污染小的压力蒸气灭菌法外,目前最常用的低温灭菌方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 环氧乙烷灭菌法"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "进行青霉素皮肤试验前应重点评估的内容是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 用药史和过敏史"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "书写交班报告时,白班使用的记录笔是什么颜色?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 蓝钢笔"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "破伤风最早发生强直性痉挛的肌群是哪个?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "破伤风最早发生强直性痉挛的肌群是咀嚼肌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅内最常见的恶性肿瘤是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅内最常见的恶性肿瘤是神经胶质瘤。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "杀灭物体上所有的微生物的方法称为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "杀灭物体上所有的微生物的方法称为灭菌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "唇裂整复术的最佳年龄是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "唇裂整复术的最佳年龄是6~12个月。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "灭菌速度快、灭菌效果好、经济、环境污染小的灭菌方法是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "灭菌速度快、灭菌效果好、经济、环境污染小的灭菌方法是压力蒸气灭菌法。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "静脉输液过程中病人感觉胸部不适,随即发生呼吸困难、严重发绀,心前区听诊闻及持续响亮的“水泡音”。你认为是什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "这种情况可能是空气栓塞。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "给婴幼儿用热水袋保暖时,水温应不超过多少度?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "给婴幼儿用热水袋保暖时,水温应不超过50℃。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大量不保留灌肠时灌肠筒的液面应高于肛门多少厘米?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "大量不保留灌肠时灌肠筒的液面应高于肛门40~60厘米。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "诊治伤害现象的划分不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "诊治伤害现象的划分不包括免责伤害。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于干扰素的描述,错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于干扰素的描述,错误的是干扰素不能由病毒寄生的宿主细胞产生。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "在输血前后和在两瓶血输入之间应输入少量什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "在输血前后和在两瓶血输入之间应输入少量0.9%氯化钠溶液。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于颅骨的发育,下述哪项错误?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于颅骨的发育,错误的是颅缝闭合时间为生后6~8周。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一病人青霉素皮试为阴性,静脉滴注青霉素溶液约10分钟后出现胸闷、气促、面色苍白、血压下降。下列哪项护理措施是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "一病人青霉素皮试为阴性,静脉滴注青霉素溶液约10分钟后出现胸闷、气促、面色苍白、血压下降。错误的护理措施是立即将病人搬入抢救室进行抢救。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾结核最常见的症状是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肾结核最常见的症状是尿频。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "哪一类水、电解质紊乱最容易发生低血容量性休克?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "低渗性脱水最容易发生低血容量性休克。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是近距离后装治疗宫颈癌病人的护理措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不宜立即处理有疼痛的病人不是近距离后装治疗宫颈癌病人的护理措施。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "由瓶内倒取无菌溶液时,标签应如何放置?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "由瓶内倒取无菌溶液时,标签应贴紧掌心。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "糖尿病病人的饮食治疗要求中,下列哪项正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "糖尿病病人的饮食治疗要求中,正确的是少量多餐。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "ABO血型不合引起的新生儿溶血病最常见于哪种情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "ABO血型不合引起的新生儿溶血病最常见于母亲血型为“O”,新生儿血型为“A”或“B”。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "给长期卧床病人进行按摩,错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "给长期卧床病人进行按摩,错误的是如软组织已有损伤者应加大按摩的力度,以促进组织康复。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "X线照片上所指的关节间隙,代表解剖学上的什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "X线照片上所指的关节间隙,代表解剖学上的关节腔和关节软骨。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾损伤病人绝对卧床时间为多久?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肾损伤病人绝对卧床时间为尿液转清后继续休息2周。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "细菌性痢疾通常属于哪种炎症?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "细菌性痢疾通常属于纤维素性炎症。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "担负细胞免疫功能的细胞是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "担负细胞免疫功能的细胞是T细胞。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "溃疡病病人腹痛剧烈,疑有穿孔并发症,禁止使用什么药物?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "溃疡病病人腹痛剧烈,疑有穿孔并发症,禁止使用吗啡。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "小儿能量代谢与成人的主要不同点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "小儿能量代谢与成人的主要不同点是小儿基础代谢所需能量多,尚有生长发育需要能量。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "同侧脑神经麻痹及对侧偏瘫是什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "同侧脑神经麻痹及对侧偏瘫为交叉瘫。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "甲亢治疗方法中,哪种最易引起甲状腺功能减退?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "甲亢治疗方法中,放射性131I最易引起甲状腺功能减退。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于锐器伤的预防,错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于锐器伤的预防,错误的是被HBV阳性病人血液、体液污染了的锐器刺伤,应在1周内注射乙型肝炎高效价免疫球蛋白。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "不属于栓塞疗法的用药是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不属于栓塞疗法的用药是甘油乳剂。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膳食纤维的作用不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 有利于钙吸收"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "由护士书写的文件不包括哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 医嘱本"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于酸碱平衡,不正确的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 正常人血浆呈中性"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列不符合环境卫生学标准的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 婴儿室空气细菌数≤500cfu/cm²"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性阑尾炎穿孔病人术后采取半坐卧位的主要目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 有利于腹腔引流,使感染局限化"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列关于外耳道疖的叙述哪项正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 热敷治疗"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "角膜反射消失见于什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 深昏迷"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于医院内感染的概念,错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 婴幼儿经胎盘获得的感染是医院内感染"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "确诊新生儿败血症的实验室检查是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 血培养"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "心脏病病人用力排便可引起的严重意外是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 心搏骤停"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪种疾病最易引起无痛性血尿?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 肾癌"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脊髓压迫综合征的主要表现不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 意识障碍"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "儿童及青少年病人长期应用抗癫痫药苯妥英钠,其容易发生的不良反应是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 齿龈增生"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "红骨髓不存在于哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 成人胫骨内"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护理记录的书写要求不正确的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 眉栏、页码可不填写"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "适于采用包扎疗法的烧伤创面是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 四肢浅二度及深二度烧伤"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "康复的对象是哪些人?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 各种功能障碍病人"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列注射进针的角度错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 肌内注射针头与皮肤呈50°~60°角"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "穿隔离衣时何时开始手被污染?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 扣袖扣时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "表示药物过敏试验阴性用什么标记?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 红色“(-)”"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "心电图上T波代表什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 心室复极波"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "人体生命活动最基本的特征是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 新陈代谢"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "经颅多普勒(TCD)主要用于诊断什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 脑血管病"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "开放性气胸急救首先是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 闭合伤口"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膀胱高度膨胀而又极度虚弱的病人,导尿时首次放尿的量不应超过多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 1000mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "应用乙醚麻醉前给予阿托品其目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 减少呼吸道腺体分泌"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一咯血病人,胸片示右上肺阴影,首先应考虑的诊断是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 肺结核"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于肾病综合征尿检查结果?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 尿糖(+++)或更多"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "做完青霉素皮试后,其皮试结果除记录在医嘱本上以外,还应记录于哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 医嘱单"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "阿托品禁用于哪种疾病?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 青光眼"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "男性尿道可分为哪几个部分?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 前列腺部、膜部、海绵体部"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列水、电解质紊乱中最容易发生低血容量性休克的是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 低渗性脱水"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项违反手术进行中的无菌原则?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 手套接触非无菌区后,应用乙醇消毒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关生命医学伦理学基本原则的描述,错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 保护"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "铺麻醉床将橡胶单铺于床中部时,上端应距离床头多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 45~50cm"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为病人插胃管时,出现呛咳、发绀,护士应做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 立即拔出胃管、重插"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "书写护理记录单时,晚夜班使用的记录笔是什么颜色?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 红钢笔"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护士的基本职责不包括哪一项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 保持健康"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "取用无菌溶液时,先倒出少量溶液的目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 冲洗瓶口"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "代谢性酸中毒的临床表现是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 呼吸快而深"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高渗性脱水病人常有的症状是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 口渴、尿少"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "单人进行胸外心脏按压与人工呼吸时,心脏按压与人工呼吸次数的比例是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 15:2"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于烧伤,下列叙述哪项错误?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 深二度烧伤伤及真皮深层,2~3个月愈合"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "成人引起肾性高血压最常见的疾病是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 慢性肾炎"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "评估视力时,不规范的描述语是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 看不见"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "糖皮质激素与抗生素合用治疗严重感染的目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 通过激素的作用缓解症状,度过危险期"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高危妊娠是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 对孕妇、胎儿和新生儿有较高危险性的妊娠"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "臀大肌深面无重要神经血管的象限是哪个?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 外上1/4象限无重要神经血管"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "阿司匹林解热镇痛的作用机制主要是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 抑制前列腺素的生物合成"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于“流脑”的叙述,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 95%以上由B群脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "轻度口腔感染病人应选择的漱口液是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 朵贝液"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪一项不属于生命体征观察的内容?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 神志"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "抢救溺水首要的措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 清除呼吸道内的堵塞物"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肝性脑病病人禁用的饮食是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 高蛋白饮食"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "破伤风病人最先受影响的肌群是哪个?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 咀嚼肌"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "抗肿瘤药最常见的严重不良反应是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 抑制骨髓"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起小儿佝偻病的主要原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 晒太阳少"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于咽部的淋巴组织?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 颈深淋巴结群"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尸体料理中,错误的做法是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 撤去治疗用物,使尸体去枕仰卧"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "要素膳的特点不包括哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 由肉类、蔬菜加工而成"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "抢救溺水时,病人的体位应是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 俯卧位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项违反手术进行中的无菌原则?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 手套接触非无菌区后应用乙醇消毒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "心力衰竭概念的最重要的内容是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 心输出量不能满足机体需要"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾移植病人出现下列症状时应警觉有排斥反应,但除外哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 尿量增加"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "破伤风病人最常见的死因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 窒息"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "休克代偿期的临床表现是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 收缩压正常或稍高,脉稍快,脉压缩小"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "吸气时脉搏明显减弱或消失称为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 奇脉"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是放射性直肠炎的临床表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 水样腹泻"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "预防肠道传染病的综合措施中,应以什么环节为主?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 切断传播途径"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "调查医院内感染的最佳方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 专职护士到病室前瞻性发现病例"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于尿糖,下列哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 尿糖阳性是由于肾小管不能将糖全部重吸收"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "癔症性痉挛的主要表现,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 病理反射阳性"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅脑手术后继发出血多发生于术后多长时间?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 24~48小时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "热原质是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 由革兰阴性细菌产生的一种脂多糖"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "评估病人的生活习惯时不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 药物"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "运动疗法的禁忌证是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 严重衰弱病人"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "非溶血性发热性输血反应首先考虑什么原因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 白细胞抗原抗体所致"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾盂肾炎最常见的感染途径是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 上行感染"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尿蛋白定量测定,尿标本中应加入何种防腐剂?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 甲苯"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于孕妇灌肠的禁忌证,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 枕横位及枕后位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "确定一种传染病的隔离期是根据什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 潜伏期长短"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "手足口病的好发季节是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 4~7月"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "复苏时常用的给药途径不包括哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 腹腔给药"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肝性脑病病人早期膳食应是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 低蛋白膳食"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾小球肾病的主要临床特点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 大量蛋白尿"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "耳源性颅内并发症有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 硬脑膜外脓肿"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "体外冲击波碎石最适宜于多大的结石?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. <2.5cm"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于鼻咽癌的症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 早期即出现贫血"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "足月新生儿臀先露,生后1天突然惊厥,烦躁不安。体格检查:体温正常,前囟饱满,肌张力高,双眼凝视,唇微绀,心率132次/min,肺部未闻及啰音。有关治疗及护理下列哪项不恰当?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 呼吸循环衰竭时可连续使用中枢神经兴奋药"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肝硬化腹水产生的机制不包括哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 脾功能亢进"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "骨质疏松的病理基础是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 骨有机成分和钙盐均减少"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列各项中不属于医师权利的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 对病人实施“安乐死”的权"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护理一般传染病病人时,应使用几层纱布口罩?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 8~12层"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胃肠道中起消化作用的最主要的消化液是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 胰液"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性乳腺炎多发生于什么人群?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 产后哺乳期的初产妇"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列关于股动脉描述哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 续于髂外动脉"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胸外心脏按压部位的正确描述是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 胸骨中1/3与下1/3交界处"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "长期备用医嘱的缩写是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. prn"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胸骨角两侧平对第几肋?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 第2肋"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "最容易出现皮肤弹性下降和眼窝凹陷的水、电解质代谢紊乱是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 低渗性脱水"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对放射治疗出现皮肤反应病人的护理方法,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 用肥皂清洗,保持皮肤清洁"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于外毒素的叙述,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 性质稳定,耐热"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人的义齿取下后应浸泡在哪种溶液中?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 冷开水"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于阑尾的叙述,正确的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 阑尾根部是3条结肠带集中处"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "最重要的消化液是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 胰液"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "被狂犬咬伤的伤口最好采用什么方法冲洗?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 20%肥皂水冲洗"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "实验室检查需采集全血标本的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 血细胞比容测定"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "破伤风病人最常见的死因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 窒息"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "卵巢分泌的激素有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 雌激素、孕激素、雄激素"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "观察意识障碍所采取的方法,错误的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 检查视乳头水肿情况"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下述钾的生理功能中,哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 高钾使神经肌肉兴奋性降低"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "成人通过胃管鼻饲喂食时,其胃管插入的深度为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 45~55cm"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于急性肾炎的治疗,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 青霉素为其特异性治疗"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "局部浸润麻醉选用普鲁卡因时,其常用浓度是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 0.5%"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "老年人烧伤易发生休克和急性肾衰竭,输液时应注意维持每小时尿量在多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 20~30mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列激素中不是由肾脏分泌的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 促肾上腺皮质激素"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某人的红细胞与B型血的血清凝集,而其血清与B型血红细胞不凝,此人血型应该是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. O型"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "国内引起新生儿败血症的最常见细菌是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 葡萄球菌"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "分子质量最大的免疫球蛋白是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. IgM"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于脊柱的生理弯曲,正确的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 颈前前凸,胸曲后凸"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项可引起心率减慢?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 迷走神经活动增强"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关计划免疫,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 预防接种可提高易感者非特异免疫力"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "决定分娩的因素是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 产力、产道、胎儿"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "呼吸和呼吸暂停现象交替出现,称为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 毕奥呼吸"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肝硬化出现腹水时,一般血浆白蛋白应低于多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 30g/L"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于热烧伤?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 硫酸烧伤"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "生石灰烧伤后,应立即做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 清除生石灰后大量清水冲洗"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "生长发育最快的年龄期是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 婴儿期"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "抢救大咯血窒息时病人的体位应是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 俯卧头低脚高位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "据估计,我国现有艾滋病病毒感染者和病人约74万,已死于艾滋病的病人超过多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 10万"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "世界卫生组织规定的高血压标准是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 血压≥140/90mmHg"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "新生儿寒冷损伤综合征复温至正常的时间为多长?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 6~12小时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "《公众预防传染性非典型肺炎指导原则》指出传染性非典型肺炎最有效的预防措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 生活、工作场所通风"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "AB型血者红细胞膜外表面有什么抗原?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. A抗原和B抗原"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列有关血压的叙述错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 冬季血压比夏季偏低"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "子痫病人最主要的死亡原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 脑出血"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "药效发挥最快的给药途径是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 静脉注射"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "换药的基本操作中,错误的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 双手持镊操作中,一把镊子被污染时,可用另一把镊子继续换药操作"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "使用热水袋时哪项不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 热水袋使用完毕,将水倒净,排出全部空气,旋紧塞子备用"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "在无菌技术操作中,启封的无菌溶液在未被污染的情况下限用多久?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 24小时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪种症状不是骨折特有的表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 精神障碍"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "治疗流行性脑脊髓膜炎首选的药物是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. SD"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "孕妇最易并发哪种贫血?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 缺铁性贫血"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "发病最急的脑卒中是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 脑栓塞"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人李某,进行青霉素皮肤试验5分钟后突然晕倒在地,面色苍白,呼吸微弱,脉搏细弱,意识丧失。护士首先应做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 立即皮下注射盐酸肾上腺素"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为右上臂受伤的病人穿脱衣服时正确的步骤是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 先脱左侧,先穿右侧"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "医院内感染常规监测中下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 传染病报告卡监测"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大量不保留灌肠时,肛管从肛门插入的正确度为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 7~15cm"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "少尿是指24小时尿量多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. <400mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肥皂水灌肠溶液的浓度是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 0.1%~0.2%"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高压氧下血氧含量增加,主要是由于什么原因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 血浆中物理溶解氧增加"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人右腰背部皮肤疼痛,且有呈带状排列的群集米粒至黄豆大水疱,皮损局部治疗应选择什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 湿敷"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列传染病中,哪种属于甲类传染病?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 鼠疫"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑室穿刺引流术后一般每天引流脑脊液量不超过多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 500mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输液中发现溶液不滴经检查为针头阻塞,其正确的处理方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 更换针头重新穿刺"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对破伤风抗毒素皮肤试验阳性病人采用脱敏注射的原理是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 逐步结合消耗体内的IgE"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关一级预防的描述哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 又称病因预防,即采取各种措施控制或消除病因与危险因素"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高压氧治疗的绝对禁忌证是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 未经处理的气胸"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性心肌梗死最突出的症状是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 心前区疼痛"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "交感性眼炎一般发生在穿透性眼外伤后多长时间?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 2~8周"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "当血清胆红素浓度高于下列哪项指标时,临床上即可见明显的黄疸?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 34.4μmol/L"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "代谢性酸中毒的临床表现是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 呼吸深而快"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "正常止血取决于以下哪项因素?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 血小板的质和量、血管壁及凝血因素的正常"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "与食物中毒病人处理无关的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 头低脚高卧位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "茶碱类主要用于治疗什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 支气管哮喘"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "盆腔手术前留置导尿管的主要目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 避免术中误伤膀胱"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "床上擦浴时应将室温调节在多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 22℃±2℃"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "徒手肌力检查最适合什么病人?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 周围神经损伤病人"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "昏迷病人用热水袋时要求水温不超过50℃的原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 局部感觉迟钝"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是颈外静脉输液法的适应证?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 急腹症病人术前建立静脉通路"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "恶性淋巴瘤是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 原发于淋巴结和结外淋巴组织的恶性肿瘤"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "休克病人的神志意识变化可反映什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 组织缺氧程度"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "预防免疫功能低下病人发生医院内感染不正确的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 全身使用广谱抗生素预防感染"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "采集血气分析标本的方法,下列哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "D. 拔出针头后立即送检"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "进行下述哪项检查时,不必通知病人空腹采集血标本?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 抽血做交叉配血试验"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "水肿病人如出现腹大如鼓,呼吸困难,不能平卧,二便不利,此时宜采取什么措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A. 急则治标"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "全身疾病在口腔的表现哪项正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. 麻疹初期双颊黏膜出现中央带蓝白色的小点"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "免疫活性细胞是指哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B. T细胞、B细胞"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于医院内感染知识培训,错误的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C. 非专职人员每年不少于2小时培训"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的叙述,哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "E. 血培养可能阳性,但胆囊一定能触到"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "属门静脉属支的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肠系膜下静脉"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "球后注射药物直接发生作用于哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "眼球后段"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于全身疾病在口腔的表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "白血病病人无颌下、颏下淋巴结肿大"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "分娩的主要力量是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "子宫收缩力"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "治疗下肢急性丹毒,首选抗菌素是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "青霉素"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人由于呼吸道分泌物阻塞所致呼吸困难和烦躁不安,在处理上哪项不适当?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "立即肌内注射吗啡10mg镇静"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为昏迷病人吸痰时间应为多长?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "<15s/次"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肝病病人摄入过量蛋白诱发肝性脑病的主要机制是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肠道产氨增多"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪一项不属于护士的角色?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "提供治疗方案的角色"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是预防局部麻醉药中毒的措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "麻醉前给予适量阿托品"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "空肠造瘘管饲流质最佳温度是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "41℃"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "介入治疗为便于定位,要求病人随身携带什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "X线、CT、MRI检查单"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "《中华人民共和国护士管理办法》颁发于哪一年?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1994年"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "血型是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "人体血液各成分的遗传多态性标记"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性肺水肿时,病人的体位应取什么姿势?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "半坐卧位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "心尖在胸前壁的体表投影位于哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "位于左侧第5肋间隙,距前正中线7~9cm处"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尿毒症最常见的病因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "慢性肾小球肾炎"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "卵巢肿瘤最常见的并发症是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "蒂扭转"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "用于限制病人坐起的约束方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "固定肩部"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颈外静脉穿刺正确的部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下颌角与锁骨上缘中点连线上1/3处"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于水、电解质代谢及酸碱平衡失调的防治,哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "体温每升高1℃,每千克体重应多补低渗液体4~6mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "药物在血浆中与血浆蛋白结合后,下列正确的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "暂时失去药理活性"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "儿童营养不良的主要临床表现是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "进行性消瘦"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是甲状腺功能亢进的临床表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "月经量增多"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尿毒症伴高血钾时,最有效的治疗方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血液透析"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "治疗室的管理中,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "经灭菌后的棉球、纱布包一经打开,使用时间不能超过48小时"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关成人膀胱的叙述,错误的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "空虚时膀胱尖不高出耻骨联合下缘"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是大量快速输血的反应?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "高血钙"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下述哪项不属常见诊断失误的原因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病人欠合作"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "安装起搏器后出现下列哪组症状需马上到医院就诊?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胸痛、呃逆、发热、呼吸困难"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "骨盆骨折最危险的并发症是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "骨盆腔内出血"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "少尿期的标准是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "24小时尿量少于400mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "收集24小时尿作儿茶酚胺定量分析,应每100mL尿加入多少浓盐酸?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "药物产生不良反应的剂量是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "治疗量"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "全身麻醉术后未清醒时最合适的体位是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "平卧头偏一侧"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "低钾型周期性瘫痪病人24小时口服补钾总量应为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "10g"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膀胱高度膨胀又极度虚弱的病人,首次导尿量不得超过多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1000mL"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一氧化碳中毒最早累及的器官是哪个?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "中枢神经系统"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病原菌侵入血流并在其中大量繁殖,造成机体严重损伤,引起严重的症状称为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "败血症"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脊柱结核的好发部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胸腰交界区"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "帮助留置导尿管病人锻炼膀胱反射功能,护理措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "间隙性夹管"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下述哪项不属诊断思维的注意问题?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "临床表现与主诉"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪一动脉为最常用的摸脉点?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "桡动脉"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "完全胃肠外营养是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "通过静脉输入全部营养"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "烧伤病人出现休克症状时,最早的治疗措施中,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "立即转往有条件的医院治疗"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "流行性乙型脑炎的治疗重点是积极处理什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "高热、惊厥、呼吸衰竭"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膀胱三角位于哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "两输尿管口与尿道内口之间"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑出血最好发的部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "内囊"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "做下列各种皮试时,应注入的剂量不准确的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "普鲁卡因为2.5mg"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "牙本质过敏的疼痛特点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "激惹性疼痛"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "人类的主要组织相容性抗原是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "HLA"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "禁忌使用鼻饲法的病人是哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "食管静脉曲张出血者"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有下列哪项情况者暂不宜上避孕环?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引产后立即"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "住院病人病历首页是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "体温单"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "平静呼吸时每分钟内吸入或呼出肺的气体量称为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肺通气量"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "上消化道大出血伴休克时的首要护理措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "建立静脉输液途径"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对体温过低的老年病人下列护理措施哪项不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "增加病人活动量"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "睁眼昏迷及眼睑闭合不全病人的眼部护理不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "局部热敷"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某病人有高血压病史5年,蛋白尿3年,1年前医师告诉她有肾损害,近1周来因恶心、呕吐和厌食就诊。血气分析:pH7.30,HCO3-9mmol/L,PaCO220mmHg。该病人应诊断为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "代谢性酸中毒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下述哪项属特异性感染?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "假丝酵母菌病"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "癌起源于哪种组织?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "上皮组织"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "毒蛇咬伤最有效的局部早期处理是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胰蛋白酶局部注射或套封"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "口腔颌面部静脉的解剖特点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "三角区内的感染处理不当易逆行传入颅内"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "处理放射治疗所致的喉源性呼吸困难的方法中,错误的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "Ⅱ度呼吸困难者先化学治疗后行气管切开"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一70岁老年人,测得血压为150/90mmHg,应考虑为哪种情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "正常血压"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关发热概念的叙述,正确的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "由体温调节中枢调定点上移引起"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列降压药中最易引起直立性低血压的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胍乙啶"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "糖尿病最常见的神经病变是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "周围神经病变"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "三级医院护士编制床位与护士之比是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1:0.4"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "所谓水肿是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "组织间隙液体过多"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "在高压氧舱内输液有发生气栓症的危险,主要发生在什么阶段?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "减压过程中"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "门静脉是由哪些静脉汇合而成?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肠系膜上静脉和脾静脉汇合而成"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "体温骤降时,病人最易出现什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "虚脱"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "谵妄是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "意识不清,胡言乱语,躁动不安"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "人体在安静状态下处于低温环境中的主要散热形式是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "辐射"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "白念珠菌口炎病人应选择的漱口液是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1%~4%碳酸氢钠溶液"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "ABO不合新生儿溶血病患儿换血首选什么血液?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "O型洗涤红细胞+AB型血浆"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肌无力危象与其他危象不易鉴别时,可采取的最佳方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "静脉注射腾喜龙"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "乙醇拭浴时足下置热水袋的主要目的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "促进舒适并减少头部充血"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒的主要机制是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血液中物理溶解氧量增加"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于无菌器械保存液和消毒剂的描述,下列哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "使用中消毒剂细菌总数应≤100cfu/mL,致病性微生物不得检出"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对预防传染性非典型肺炎无效的公众预防措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "注射丙种球蛋白"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "影响和制约医疗水平的因素不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病人的合作程度"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高压氧治疗时临床上常用的压力单位是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "绝对压"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于洗手指征错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脱手套后无须洗手"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人长期仰卧时,最容易发生压疮的部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "骶尾部"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "湿疹急性期皮疹无糜烂渗液者外搽什么药?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "炉甘石洗剂"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "B型血者红细胞膜外表面有什么抗原?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "B抗原"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是骨盆骨折的临床表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "可有大小便失禁"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "应隔离治疗的皮肤病是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "疥疮"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "机体散热的途径不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "交换"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某病人食管癌术前3天,需做雾化吸入预防呼吸道感染。其首选药物是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "庆大霉素"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于地面和拖洗工具的消毒,下列哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "地面应湿式清扫,保持清洁,局部有血迹等污染时局部用消毒剂处理"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "氧气筒内的氧不可用尽,压力表指针降至多少时不可再用?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "0.5MPa(5kg/cm²)"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某失血性休克病人快速输入全血1200mL后出现手足搐搦、皮肤黏膜出血、血压下降、心率减慢。你认为可能是什么原因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "枸橼酸中毒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "治疗青霉素所致的过敏性休克应首选什么药物?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肾上腺素"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "我国医院内感染最常发生的部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "呼吸道"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某病人颅内压增高症状明显,医嘱静脉滴注甘露醇250mL,30分钟滴完,每分钟应滴多少滴?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "125滴"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "正常成人颅内压值为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "0.7~2.0kPa"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尿毒症伴高血钾时,最有效的治疗方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血液透析"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性心肌梗死常见的死亡原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "严重心律失常"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于腹外疝手术前后的护理,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "腹股沟斜疝术后不需要托起阴囊"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "开放性气胸抢救的首要措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "封闭伤口,变开放性气胸为闭合性气胸"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于护理措施的描述,哪项是不正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "有医嘱才能实施护理措施"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病房的医院内感染管理措施中错误的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "地面应常规使用含氯消毒剂消毒"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列概念中哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "医院内感染的流行趋势是指医院内感染持续流行"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为预防血液透析后发生上行尿路感染,告诉病人养成定时排尿的习惯,具体时间为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "每4~6小时1次"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关闭角性青光眼的治疗原则中,哪项正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "先用缩瞳剂或高渗剂迅速降低眼压"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列属于中效消毒剂的是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "聚维酮碘(碘伏)"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是右心衰的临床表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "咳粉红色泡沫痰"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "评估左心功能不全、肺循环淤血者的基本表现是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "呼吸困难"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)指的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "微循环内有广泛的微血栓形成"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "低张性缺氧病人主要血气特点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "动脉血氧分压低于正常"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胃大部分切除术后24小时应特别注意什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "出血情况"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于术后病人的体位,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "休克病人,应取头低脚高卧位"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅内压增高病人头痛的特点中哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "清晨较轻"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "骨牵引病人为防止针孔感染,护理上应注意什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "每天2次乙醇滴针孔处"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "测定24小时尿蛋白定量,尿标本中应加入什么防腐剂?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "甲苯"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高血钾最常见的病因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "挤压伤(严重)"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "癫痫发作时护理错误的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "立即喂抗癫痫药"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "哪种胎位分娩最困难?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颏后位胎位分娩最困难。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "细菌不进入血液,只有其产生的毒素进入血液,引起全身症状,称为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "细菌不进入血液,只有其产生的毒素进入血液,引起全身症状,称为毒血症。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "皮内注射的皮肤消毒剂是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "皮内注射的皮肤消毒剂是70%乙醇。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "乳糖不耐症病人不宜吃什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "乳糖不耐症病人不宜吃牛奶。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "传染性肝炎病人排泄物的处理最好选用什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "传染性肝炎病人排泄物的处理最好选用漂白粉。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "股动脉的位置是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "股动脉行于股静脉外侧。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "氧疗对哪型缺氧效果最好?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "氧疗对低张性缺氧效果最好。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "乳腺单纯癌是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "乳腺单纯癌是指分化较差的腺癌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "日间备用医嘱的失效时间是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "日间备用医嘱的失效时间是当日7pm。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "接触疑似传染性非典型肺炎病人和临床诊断病人的医务人员,脱离隔离区后需进行医学观察的天数为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "接触疑似传染性非典型肺炎病人和临床诊断病人的医务人员,脱离隔离区后需进行医学观察的天数为10~14天。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "严格掌握扁桃体的手术指征是为了避免什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "严格掌握扁桃体的手术指征是为了避免免疫监视障碍。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "转抄医嘱时如为免试药物,护士应用蓝钢笔在医嘱单上该条医嘱后标志什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "转抄医嘱时如为免试药物,护士应用蓝钢笔在医嘱单上该条医嘱后标志“免试”。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对于膀胱高度充盈的病人,第一次放尿不应超过多少毫升?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对于膀胱高度充盈的病人,第一次放尿不应超过1000毫升。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "暂空床的目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "暂空床的目的是供暂时离床活动的病人或新入院的病人使用。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于消毒灭菌方法的选择,错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于消毒灭菌方法的选择,错误的是化学灭菌剂浸泡灭菌方便实用,应加以推广。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "使用20%甘露醇治疗脑水肿时应该怎么操作?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "使用20%甘露醇治疗脑水肿时,一次剂量应在半小时内滴完。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "结膜炎的治疗中,哪一项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "结膜炎的治疗中,错误的是遮盖患眼。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于对医务人员的“四轻”要求?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下列不属于对医务人员的“四轻”要求的是开窗轻。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "癫痫持续状态的治疗首选药物是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "癫痫持续状态的治疗首选药物是地西泮。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "三腔气囊管使用过程中发生窒息的原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "三腔气囊管使用过程中发生窒息的原因是胃气囊阻塞咽喉。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "床上擦浴适宜的水温是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "床上擦浴适宜的水温是47℃~50℃。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性心肌梗死病人第1周必须做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性心肌梗死病人第1周必须绝对卧床。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "传染病房医院内感染控制措施中错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "传染病房医院内感染控制措施中,错误的是不同传染病可安排在同一房间。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "血液凝固的发生是由于什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血液凝固的发生是由于纤维蛋白原变为纤维蛋白。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护理咯血窒息病人的第一步骤是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护理咯血窒息病人的第一步骤是解除呼吸道阻塞。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "预防中暑最首要的措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "预防中暑最首要的措施是改善劳动条件。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "母乳喂养中,下列哪项方法不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "母乳喂养中,不正确的方法是哺乳时,母亲以示指和中指夹持乳头给婴儿吸吮。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "无菌操作中取无菌溶液时不必注意什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "无菌操作中取无菌溶液时不必注意有无配伍禁忌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "青霉素过敏性休克属于哪型超敏反应?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "青霉素过敏性休克属于Ⅰ型超敏反应。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "吞服强酸、强碱类腐蚀性物质的病人,切忌做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "吞服强酸、强碱类腐蚀性物质的病人,切忌洗胃。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "健康成人体液约占体重的百分比是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "健康成人体液约占体重的60%。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅后窝病变发生脑疝时最有效的紧急处理措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅后窝病变发生脑疝时最有效的紧急处理措施是脑室穿刺外引流。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "防止术后肺不张的措施中哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "防止术后肺不张的措施中,及时用镇咳药控制咳嗽是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "临床上须同时测心率和脉率的病人是哪种情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "临床上须同时测心率和脉率的病人是心房颤动。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "以下哪种维生素是脂溶性的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "维生素D是脂溶性的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅脑外伤病人刺痛时睁眼,只能发音和屈肢,其GCS昏迷分级计分是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅脑外伤病人刺痛时睁眼,只能发音和屈肢,其GCS昏迷分级计分为7分。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大便隐血试验,检查前3天内应禁食什么食物?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "大便隐血试验,检查前3天内应禁食猪肝。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对肝性脑病病人要注意水、电解质平衡,但哪项不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对肝性脑病病人要注意水、电解质平衡,但无须补钾不妥。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某病人长期发热,皮肤、关节、心、肝、肾各方面都有病态表现时,最可能的诊断是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "某病人长期发热,皮肤、关节、心、肝、肾各方面都有病态表现时,最可能的诊断是系统性红斑狼疮。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为昏迷病人每次吸痰时间应该控制在多长时间内?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为昏迷病人每次吸痰时间应控制在15秒内。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "医院污物的处理原则中哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "医院污物的处理原则中,少量医疗垃圾可与生活垃圾一同处理是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "男婴,6个月,系早产儿,1天惊厥3次来院急诊。下列哪项对诊断最有帮助?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "完善的病史和体格检查对诊断最有帮助。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膀胱冲洗时冲洗液的温度应为多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "膀胱冲洗时冲洗液的温度应为38℃~40℃。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "含嘌呤最少的食物是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "含嘌呤最少的食物是牛奶。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "50kg正常成人的血液总量有多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "50kg正常成人的血液总量为3500~4000mL。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "称为智齿的是哪种牙齿?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "称为智齿的是第三磨牙。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高血钾引起心律失常应立即采取什么措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "高血钾引起心律失常应立即静脉注射10%葡萄糖酸钙溶液20mL。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于小儿体温测量,下述哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "口腔测温法适应于所有6岁以上小儿是不正确的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "耳源性颅内并发症病人禁用什么药物?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "耳源性颅内并发症病人禁用影响瞳孔变化的药物。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脊柱骨折最严重的并发症是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脊柱骨折最严重的并发症是脊髓损伤。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尸冷至与环境温度相同时,一般是在死亡后多长时间?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "尸冷至与环境温度相同时,一般是在死亡后24小时。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "用止血带止血时不正确的方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "用止血带止血时,止血带松紧以远端动脉搏动微弱为宜是不正确的方法。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "心肺复苏A、B、C中的A是指什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "心肺复苏A、B、C中的A是指开放呼吸道。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔术前护理哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔术前护理中,应用止痛药是不正确的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于使用中的消毒剂、灭菌剂的监测,下列哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于使用中的消毒剂、灭菌剂的监测,对戊二醛浓度的监测应每月不少于1次是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一病人呼之不应,压眶有反应,呼吸平稳,腹壁反射消失,瞳孔对光反射及腱反射存在,其意识状态是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "其意识状态为浅昏迷。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "少渣膳食的要点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "少渣膳食要点是选用含纤维少的食物。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "突然发生的短暂的意识丧失是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "突然发生的短暂的意识丧失是晕厥。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "外耳道疖感染肿胀时应选用什么药物?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "外耳道疖感染肿胀时应选用鱼石脂甘油滴耳。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颞下颌关节脱位行复位后用颅颌绷带固定时间为多长?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颞下颌关节脱位行复位后用颅颌绷带固定时间为2~3周。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "铁剂可用于治疗哪种类型的贫血?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "铁剂可用于治疗小细胞低色素性贫血。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "三腔气囊管使用注意事项中哪项不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "三腔气囊管使用注意事项中,出血停止后口服少量流质不妥。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "烧伤休克补液治疗,第1个8小时应输入24小时补液计划总量的多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "烧伤休克补液治疗,第1个8小时应输入24小时补液计划总量的1/2。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "使用人工呼吸机的禁忌证是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "使用人工呼吸机的禁忌证是大量胸腔积液者。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输卵管结扎术常在哪个部位进行?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输卵管结扎术常在输卵管峡部进行。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起呼吸衰竭的原因通常是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引起呼吸衰竭的原因通常是外呼吸功能障碍。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "服用时应避免与牙齿接触的药物是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "服用时应避免与牙齿接触的药物是硫酸亚铁。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "致癌因素中最常见的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "致癌因素中最常见的是化学因素。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关护理工作的描述中哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "有关护理工作的描述中,起封抽吸的各种溶媒超过36小时不得使用,最好采用大包装是不正确的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某溃疡病并发幽门梗阻病人因反复呕吐入院,血气分析结果为:pH7.49,PaCO248mmHg,HCO3-36mmol/L。该病人应诊断为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "该病人应诊断为代谢性碱中毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "戴无菌手套时,只许已消毒过的手接触哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "戴无菌手套时,只许已消毒过的手接触套口翻转部的外面。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "目前医院内感染常见的细菌不包括哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "目前医院内感染常见的细菌不包括沙门菌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "处理放射治疗时鼻出血病人的方法中哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "处理放射治疗时鼻出血病人的方法中,切忌颈外静脉结扎不正确。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "氰化物中毒的特效解毒剂是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "氰化物中毒的特效解毒剂是亚硝酸钠-硫代硫酸钠。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑血栓形成的临床表现不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑血栓形成的临床表现不包括血性脑脊液。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "必须立即执行的医嘱是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "必须立即执行的医嘱是地高辛0.25mgst。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人淋浴时水温不可过高,以免产生什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病人淋浴时水温不可过高,以免产生眩晕。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "康复医学是一门什么学科?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "康复医学是一门有关促进病、伤、残者恢复身体、精神和社会生活功能为目标的学科。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "局部麻醉药中加入肾上腺素时,哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "局部麻醉药中加入肾上腺素时,一次用量不超过14mg/kg体重是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于灌肠的注意事项,下列哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于灌肠的注意事项中,为病人降温时,液体的温度宜为4℃是不正确的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "中老年男性出现无痛血尿,应首先考虑什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "中老年男性出现无痛血尿,应首先考虑膀胱肿瘤。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪种情况无须预防应用抗生素?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "慢性阑尾炎阑尾切除术无须预防应用抗生素。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "外耳道活动性异物的取出方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "外耳道活动性异物的取出方法是应设法停止其活动后再取出。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "动脉硬化病人宜食用什么饮食?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "动脉硬化病人宜食用低胆固醇饮食。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "幽门梗阻病人术前胃肠道准备内容是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "幽门梗阻病人术前胃肠道准备内容为术前3天每晚洗胃。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "普鲁卡因青霉素之所以能长效,是因为哪个原因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "普鲁卡因青霉素之所以能长效,是因为减慢了吸收。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "口腔护理的目的不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "口腔护理的目的不包括清除口腔内一切细菌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性肾衰竭少尿无尿早期主要死亡原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性肾衰竭少尿无尿早期主要死亡原因是高钾血症。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "给病人施行导尿术前,对病人的评估不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "给病人施行导尿术前,对病人的评估不包括进食习惯。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输入大量库存过久的血液可导致什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输入大量库存过久的血液可导致高钾血症。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起沙门菌食物中毒的主要食物是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引起沙门菌食物中毒的主要食物是肉类、奶类及其制品。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "戴无菌手套过程中哪项操作是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "戴无菌手套过程中,取出滑石粉,用后放回袋内是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "以15%过氧乙酸原液配制0.3%过氧乙酸100mL的方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "以15%过氧乙酸原液配制0.3%过氧乙酸100mL的方法是原液2mL加水98mL。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "危重病人用护理记录单时,不必使用的记录单是哪一种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "危重病人用护理记录单时,不必使用护理措施实施单。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "立即执行的医嘱,在处方开出后多少时间内执行?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "立即执行的医嘱,在处方开出后15分钟内执行。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "徒手心肺复苏时胸外心脏按压的部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "徒手心肺复苏时胸外心脏按压的部位为胸骨中1/3与下1/3交界处。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的病因主要是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的病因主要是内源性维生素D缺乏。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "平静呼吸时,每分钟进入肺泡参与气体交换的气量称为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "平静呼吸时,每分钟进入肺泡参与气体交换的气量称为肺泡通气量。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于测量血压,下列哪项叙述不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于测量血压,袖带过窄可使测得的血压偏低,过宽可使测得的血压偏高是不妥的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于消毒因子对人体的危害,哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于消毒因子对人体的危害,微波对人体无害是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "使瞳孔缩小的原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "使瞳孔缩小的原因是有机磷农药中毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于成人心肺复苏,哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于成人心肺复苏,成人心脏按压的力度应使胸骨下陷4~5cm是正确的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某病人今晨距小腿关节扭伤,局部青紫,为防止皮下出血与肿胀,早期应选用什么方法?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "某病人今晨距小腿关节扭伤,局部青紫,为防止皮下出血与肿胀,早期应选用冷湿敷。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为脉搏短绌病人测量脉搏的方法正确的是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为脉搏短绌病人测量脉搏的方法正确的是1人测心率,1人测脉率,2人同时开始测1分钟。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "决定中心静脉压高低的因素是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "决定中心静脉压高低的因素是心脏射血能力和静脉回心血量。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪种消毒剂属于高水平消毒剂?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "戊二醛属于高水平消毒剂。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "前列腺摘除术后,停止膀胱冲洗的最佳时间是什么时候?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "前列腺摘除术后,停止膀胱冲洗的最佳时间为肉眼观察无血尿2天。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑血管造影不适用于诊断什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑血管造影不适用于诊断癫痫。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性结膜炎的临床症状是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性结膜炎的临床症状是眼分泌物增多呈脓性。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高钾血症是指血清钾浓度大于多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "高钾血症是指血清钾浓度大于5.5mmol/L。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "少尿是指24小时尿量少于多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "少尿是指24小时尿量少于400mL。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某病人静脉补液1000mL,50滴/min,从上午8时20分开始,估计何时可滴完?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "某病人静脉补液1000mL,50滴/min,从上午8时20分开始,估计下午1时20分可滴完。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "甲状腺危象多发生于术后多长时间?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "甲状腺危象多发生于术后12~36小时。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑电图检查前病人准备不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑电图检查前病人准备不包括服抗癫痫药。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "哪种状况的病人不宜作血液透析?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "严重休克低血压的病人不宜作血液透析。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于铁的吸收,哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于铁的吸收,与维生素B12同时服好是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "ACD保养液保存全血于4℃~6℃21天,红细胞在体内存活率是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "ACD保养液保存全血于4℃~6℃21天,红细胞在体内存活率为70%。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "精神病病人的特殊治疗方法不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "精神病病人的特殊治疗方法不包括休克疗法。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "1岁半小儿患婴儿腹泻伴重度脱水,静脉补液时哪项不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1岁半小儿患婴儿腹泻伴重度脱水,静脉补液时先慢后快不妥。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "HIV不可以用哪种方法消毒?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "HIV不可以用紫外线消毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "昏迷病人口腔真菌感染时,漱口溶液应选择什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "昏迷病人口腔真菌感染时,漱口溶液应选择1%~4%碳酸氢钠溶液。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "预防破伤风最有效最可靠的方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "预防破伤风最有效最可靠的方法是注射破伤风类毒素。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "张力性气胸急救处理应该怎么做?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "张力性气胸急救处理应该立即穿刺排气降低胸膜腔内压。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为昏迷病人实施口腔护理时,哪项做法是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为昏迷病人实施口腔护理时,注意选择合适的漱口液漱口是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "小儿体格发育最快的时期是什么时候?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "小儿体格发育最快的时期在婴儿期。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "耳源性脑脓肿病人的护理中最重要的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "耳源性脑脓肿病人的护理中最重要的是大便时勿用力过猛。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "使用超声雾化器时,水槽中的水温不应超过多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "使用超声雾化器时,水槽中的水温不应超过60℃。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "神经科疾病常见的症状、体征不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "神经科疾病常见的症状、体征不包括咯血。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "最严重的石膏综合征是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "最严重的石膏综合征是急性胃扩张。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "先天性心脏病中最常见的类型是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "先天性心脏病中最常见的类型是室间隔缺损。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "张力性气胸急救首先要做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "张力性气胸急救首先要排气减压。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "测量血压时导致测得的血压偏高的因素是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "测量血压时导致测得的血压偏高的因素是袖带过窄。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑疝前驱症状不包括什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑疝前驱症状不包括体温升高。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "妊娠合并心脏病,产科护理原则是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "妊娠合并心脏病,产科护理原则是产前严密观察宫缩和胎心音。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "传染性非典型肺炎多以发热为首发症状,体温一般是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "传染性非典型肺炎多以发热为首发症状,体温一般是>38℃。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是心绞痛的疼痛特点?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "多数病人伴有心律失常不是心绞痛的疼痛特点。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "取用无菌溶液时,先倒出少量溶液的目的是为了什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "取用无菌溶液时,先倒出少量溶液的目的是冲洗瓶口。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "营养不良的最初临床表现是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "营养不良的最初临床表现是体重不增或消瘦。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "疥疮皮损好发于哪些部位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "疥疮皮损好发于指缝、腕部屈侧、下腹部、股内侧。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "无菌操作的定义是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "无菌操作是防止微生物进入机体或物体的方法。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "流行性乙型脑炎的传播途径是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "流行性乙型脑炎的传播途径是昆虫传播。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项属于甲类传染病?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "霍乱属于甲类传染病。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对需要进行床上擦浴的病人进行心理状态评估的重点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对需要进行床上擦浴的病人进行心理状态评估的重点是对床上擦浴的心理顾虑和心理反应。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "抢救青霉素过敏性休克病人的首选药物是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "抢救青霉素过敏性休克病人的首选药物是盐酸肾上腺素。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "结核菌素试验的原理是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "结核菌素试验的原理是Ⅳ型超敏反应在局部的表现。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "消化道出血应用三腔气囊管压迫止血,放气的时间是术后多长时间?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "消化道出血应用三腔气囊管压迫止血,放气的时间是术后24小时。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "角膜移植术后角膜内皮排斥反应一般发生在术后什么时候?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "角膜移植术后角膜内皮排斥反应一般发生在术后10~15天。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "诊断接触性皮炎最简单可靠的方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "诊断接触性皮炎最简单可靠的方法为斑贴试验。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输入血制品前不需要进行血型鉴定和交叉配血试验的是哪种血制品?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输入血制品前不需要进行血型鉴定和交叉配血试验的是血浆。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "败血症的含义是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "败血症的含义是血内既有细菌也有细菌毒素并产生症状者。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肺炎球菌性肺炎病人发热的热型是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肺炎球菌性肺炎病人发热的热型为稽留热。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "常压下吸纯氧的安全时限是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "常压下吸纯氧的安全时限为12~24小时。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病室湿度过高时,病人表现为什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病室湿度过高时,病人表现为闷热、难受。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输血前后及两袋血之间应输入哪种溶液?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输血前后及两袋血之间应输入0.9%氯化钠注射液。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于病人的生活状况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "情绪不属于病人的生活状况。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "表面麻醉常用的局部麻醉药是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "表面麻醉常用的局部麻醉药是1%丁卡因。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "安神药、缓泻药最好在什么时候服用?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "安神药、缓泻药最好在睡前服用。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关水痘-带状疱疹的流行病学特点,下述哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病后免疫力持久,体内高效价抗体能清除潜伏的病毒是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "骨盆骨折最常见的并发症是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "骨盆骨折最常见的并发症是尿道损伤。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "头部外伤致帽状腱膜下广泛血肿时,较合理的治疗措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "头部外伤致帽状腱膜下广泛血肿时,较合理的治疗措施是穿刺抽出液化的血性液体+加压包扎+给予适当药物。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "口服给药的注意事项中哪项是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "口服给药的注意事项中,磺胺类药服后应多饮水是正确的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "轻度口腔感染病人应选择什么漱口液?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "轻度口腔感染病人应选择复方硼砂溶液漱口。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胰岛素休克治疗精神病时应注意预防病人出现什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胰岛素休克治疗精神病时应注意预防病人出现低血糖。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "阿托品用于治疗眼病时哪项叙述是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "阿托品用于治疗眼病时,降低眼内血管壁的通透性是正确的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "抗肿瘤药最常见的、最严重的不良反应是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "抗肿瘤药最常见的、最严重的不良反应是抑制骨髓造血。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "上唇痈可并发什么疾病?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "上唇痈可并发化脓性海绵状静脉窦炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "皮肤病最常见的自觉症状是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "皮肤病最常见的自觉症状是瘙痒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "影响血压的主要因素是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "影响血压的主要因素是心输出量和外周阻力。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑血栓形成最常见的病因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑血栓形成最常见的病因是动脉粥样硬化。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "某病人于输血过程中出现畏寒、寒战,体温40℃,伴头痛、恶心、呕吐,首先考虑是什么反应?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "首先考虑是发热反应。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "药物的灭活和消除速度决定了什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "药物的灭活和消除速度决定了作用持续时间。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "A型血者红细胞膜外表面有什么抗原?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "A型血者红细胞膜外表面有A抗原。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膀胱高度充盈的病人,首次导尿量不得超过多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "膀胱高度充盈的病人,首次导尿量不得超过1000mL。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "婴儿增添辅食应避免什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "婴儿增添辅食应避免几种食物同时增添。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "妊娠35周,分娩一女婴,体重2200g,产妇平安,女婴一般情况稍差,此时女婴应给予什么隔离?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "此时女婴应给予保护性隔离。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "沙眼的防治包括哪些措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "沙眼的防治包括一人一巾,局部滴15%磺胺醋酰钠眼药水。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "现场急救电击伤病人的第一步是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "现场急救电击伤病人的第一步是切断电源。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "人体安静状态下,哪种器官的动脉血和静脉血含氧量差值最大?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "人体安静状态下,心脏的动脉血和静脉血含氧量差值最大。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一早产儿口鼻有奶溢出,面色青紫,呼吸停止,哪项处理是不恰当的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "保持安静,避免搬动患儿头部是不恰当的处理。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "测体温时病人不慎咬破玻璃水银体温计,首先应做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "测体温时病人不慎咬破玻璃水银体温计,首先应立即服大量蛋白水或牛奶。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "诊断脑出血最迅速、最可靠的检查是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "诊断脑出血最迅速、最可靠的检查是头颅CT扫描。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "属于自身免疫性疾病的是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "属于自身免疫性疾病的是重症肌无力。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护士在护理服用洋地黄药物的病人时,下列哪项不妥?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护士在护理服用洋地黄药物的病人时,嘱病人如果一次漏服,下一次要加量补服是不妥的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "烧伤休克的主要原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "烧伤休克的主要原因是大量体液从血管内渗出。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "青霉素引起的过敏性休克属于哪种超敏反应?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "青霉素引起的过敏性休克属于Ⅰ型超敏反应。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肺性脑病早期病人头痛、烦躁、失眠时可用的镇静药是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肺性脑病早期病人头痛、烦躁、失眠时可用的镇静药为奋乃静或10%水合氯醛。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下肢骨折,经石膏固定后,只能通过家人搀扶才可用拐杖行走,其活动能力评级是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下肢骨折,经石膏固定后,只能通过家人搀扶才可用拐杖行走,其活动能力评级为3度。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肺癌晚期病人住院数周,造成其不舒适的主要原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肺癌晚期病人住院数周,造成其不舒适的主要原因属于病理方面。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "在体温单40~42℃之间相应时间栏内纵行填写的内容是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "在体温单40~42℃之间相应时间栏内纵行填写的是入院时间。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肺心病伴呼吸衰竭病人,呼吸困难,伴有精神、神经症状,给氧方法应是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肺心病伴呼吸衰竭病人,呼吸困难,伴有精神、神经症状,给氧方法应为低流量、低浓度持续给氧。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输血后出现皮肤瘙痒,荨麻疹,眼睑、口唇水肿,应考虑患者发生什么反应?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输血后出现皮肤瘙痒,荨麻疹,眼睑、口唇水肿,应考虑患者发生过敏反应。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "补液快结束时,患者突然出现呼吸困难,咳粉红色泡沫痰。下列急救措施中哪项是不妥的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "补液快结束时,患者突然出现呼吸困难,咳粉红色泡沫痰,帮助患者取左侧头低足高位是不妥的急救措施。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胃大部分切除术后疼痛,护士给予患者同情和安慰,这属于心理护理中的什么方法?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胃大部分切除术后疼痛,护士给予患者同情和安慰,这属于心理护理中的减轻心理压力。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急诊留观室的护士下列哪项工作不属于其护理工作范围?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "办理住院手续不属于急诊留观室护士的护理工作范围。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "导尿注意事项的描述中哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "导尿注意事项的描述中,导尿管如误入阴道应立即拔出重新插入是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性胆囊炎病人应给予哪种饮食?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性胆囊炎病人应给予低盐、低脂肪饮食。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为纠正患儿急性白血病的贫血,最适宜输入什么血液制品?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为纠正患儿急性白血病的贫血,最适宜输入新鲜血。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人出院时,护士整理病案时,最前面应排放的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病人出院时,护士整理病案时,最前面应排放住院病历首页。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "保管出院病案的部门是哪个?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "保管出院病案的部门是病案室。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "慢性支气管炎、肺气肿病人入院时,护士首先要做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "慢性支气管炎、肺气肿病人入院时,护士首先要给患者吸氧。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "白血病病人做口腔护理时,发现舌尖有一小血痂,下列护理方法中哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "白血病病人做口腔护理时,发现舌尖有一小血痂,将血痂皮去除,涂药是错误的护理方法。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪种处理能达到灭菌?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "用2%溶液戊二醛浸泡金属器械及内镜10小时能达到灭菌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "反复咳嗽、咳痰病人因劳累后心悸、气促,入院时应协助患者取什么体位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "反复咳嗽、咳痰病人因劳累后心悸、气促,入院时应协助患者取半坐卧位。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅脑损伤、颅内压增高病人用25%葡萄糖静脉滴注,其输液目的是为了什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅脑损伤、颅内压增高病人用25%葡萄糖静脉滴注,其输液目的是为了利尿脱水。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "艾滋病病人需要吸痰,护士小郭的哪项做法是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "艾滋病病人需要吸痰,护士小郭吸痰后吸痰管误落在地上,立即进行地面的清洁处理是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "哮喘急性发作病人入院初步护理中哪项是不妥的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "哮喘急性发作病人入院初步护理中,详细介绍环境及规章制度是不妥的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "煮沸消毒金属器械时,为了增强杀菌作用和去污防锈,应加入什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "煮沸消毒金属器械时,为了增强杀菌作用和去污防锈,应加入1%~2%碳酸氢钠。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "使用青霉素的过程中,下列哪种情况需重新做皮试?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "使用青霉素的过程中,更换不同批号青霉素时需重新做皮试。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "成人每一睡眠周期平均是多少分钟?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "成人每一睡眠周期平均为90分钟。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "庄小姐,28岁。初为人母,因出现血乳就诊,诊断为乳腺癌,患者认为不可能,一定是医生搞错了,于是到处求医,希望诊断错误。该患者的心理反应期是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "该患者的心理反应期为否认期。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "于先生,建筑工人,左下肢外伤后未得到及时、正确的处理,而导致感染破伤风,为该患者更换敷料后,污染敷料的处理方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为该患者更换敷料后,污染敷料的处理方法是送焚烧炉焚烧。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患儿,男,3岁。接种乙脑疫苗,5分钟后突然出现烦躁不安,面色苍白,口周发青,四肢湿冷,呼吸困难,脉细弱,应考虑什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "应考虑接种后过敏性休克。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "杨明,男性,60岁。医疗诊断:肝性脑病(肝昏迷)。用肥皂水灌肠可导致患者出现什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "用肥皂水灌肠可导致患者氨的产生和吸收增加。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "李先生,30岁,因乏力、厌食、恶心、肝大、血清GPT升高就医,诊断为乙型肝炎,住院治疗。患者入院后请你代买洗漱用具,人民币消毒应用什么方法?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "人民币消毒应用甲醛熏蒸。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者杨某,女,55岁,准备接受子宫肌瘤切除术,在坐浴时衣服不慎沾上高锰酸钾溶液,为去除此污渍应指导其选用什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为去除此污渍应指导其选用维生素C。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患儿,男,1岁。因上感入院,T39.7℃,P120次/分,呼吸27次/分。青霉素皮试阴性后遵医嘱给予青霉素40万Uimqid,为该患儿肌内注射应选择的部位是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为该患儿肌内注射应选择的部位是臀中、小肌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者,女,65岁,自感全身不适来医院就诊。门诊护士巡视时发现其面色苍白,出冷汗,呼吸急促,主诉腹部疼痛难忍。急诊医生处理后,患者需留急诊观察室进行病情观察。急诊留观室的留观时间一般为多长时间?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急诊留观室的留观时间一般为3~7天。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者杨某,女性,75岁。意识障碍,机体仅能维持呼吸与循环的最基本功能,患者的意识状态是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "患者的意识状态为深昏迷。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护生张某,在练习无菌技术操作时,对无菌包的使用哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "无菌包被浸湿后,如未污染需烘干后再用是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "王女士,30岁,因夜晚入睡困难。医嘱“安定2.5mgpoqnprn”,该医嘱属于什么类型的医嘱?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "该医嘱属于长期备用医嘱。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者李奶奶,高血压史多年。两个月前出现脑出血昏迷,经治疗已逐渐康复,输入的能量合剂中需用细胞色素C。关于该药的过敏试验正确的方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于该药的过敏试验正确的方法是取过敏试验液0.1ml(0.075mg)进行皮内试验。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者男性,45岁,因上腹部不适,医嘱作胃镜检查。胃镜消毒宜选用的化学消毒法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胃镜消毒宜选用的化学消毒法是浸泡法。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "王宁,男,80岁。肝性脑病前期,意识错乱、行为失常,近3天未排大便,并出现肠胀气。应采取的措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "应采取的措施是肛管排气。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者,男,26岁,左下肢气性坏疽,其换下的敷料应如何处理?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "其换下的敷料应焚烧。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列选项中代表技术质量水平最好的等级医院是哪个?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "代表技术质量水平最好的等级医院是三级甲等。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者杜某,女性,82岁。近几天心肺功能不全加重,呼吸困难明显。护士应给患者取什么体位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护士应给患者取端坐卧位。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于临终的时限,世界尚未统一标准,美国学者认定的时限是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "美国学者认定的时限是只能存活6个月。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "张先生,45岁,患胆囊结石需进行胆囊造影检查。检查前应做碘过敏试验,下列试验方法正确的是哪种?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "检查前应做碘过敏试验,先皮内试验,再静脉试验是正确的试验方法。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "王女士,50岁。输液1小时后,突然出现呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳粉红色泡沫状痰,护士应立即做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护士应立即停止输液。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "一肺炎患者,静脉点滴10%葡萄糖加红霉素,80滴/分。输入两小时后,患者突然出现咳嗽不止、气急,从口鼻涌出大量稀痰液,听诊两肺满布湿性啰音。你考虑该患者可能发生了什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "你考虑该患者可能发生了急性肺水肿。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患儿男性,1岁半。护士进行肌内注射时,选择注射部位错误的做法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "患儿男性,1岁半。护士进行肌内注射时,选择注射部位错误的做法是臀部肌肉较厚处注射。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "男性患者,67岁。高血压、冠心病病史5年,入院血压194/136mmHg,经治疗后稍下降,但时有波动,该患者精神紧张、焦虑。护理中不妥的操作是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护理中不妥的操作是将血压计刻度面向患者以便患者观察。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护士为一名体重过轻的患者进行臀大肌注射,下述哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护士为一名体重过轻的患者进行臀大肌注射,刺入4~5cm深是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列可以使用热疗的疾病是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下列可以使用热疗的疾病是腰肌劳损。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "王奶奶,70岁。脑血栓,意识不清,由于尿失禁长期留置导尿管。今尿检发现有尿路感染,应采取的主要护理措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "今尿检发现有尿路感染,应采取的主要护理措施是膀胱冲洗。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列关于静脉输血的禁忌证,不包括哪种情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下列关于静脉输血的禁忌证,不包括一氧化碳中毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急诊护士需作好抢救记录,正确的做法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急诊护士需作好抢救记录,正确的做法是记录抢救措施落实的时间。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者,男,28岁。因患流感持续高热3天,可为患者准备哪种饮食?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "因患流感持续高热3天,可为患者准备流质饮食。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护士巡视病房时发现3床患者张先生输液不滴,检查注射部位无肿胀,有回血,患者无疼痛感。此时护士应采取的措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "此时护士应采取的措施是调整针尖斜面的位置,或者变换肢体位置。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对尿失禁患者的护理中错误的做法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对尿失禁患者的护理中,嘱患者少饮水,以减少尿量是错误的。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "许某,女,18岁,患急性扁桃体炎,拟给予青霉素治疗。门诊护士为其做皮试后,局部出现红肿、皮丘直径>1cm,并主诉局部发痒。护士应做什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护士应在门诊卡上注明阳性标记。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者,女性,36岁。患风湿性心脏病,在输液过程中,患者出现突发性呼吸困难,听诊心前区有响亮的“水泡音”,患者可能发生空气栓塞,空气栓塞的部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "空气栓塞的部位是在肺动脉入口。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "万某,45岁,遵医嘱进行肌内注射。为减轻疼痛,护士协助患者采取侧卧的正确姿势是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为减轻疼痛,护士协助患者采取侧卧的正确姿势是上腿伸直,下腿稍弯曲。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者李某,在使用链霉素治疗肺结核过程中,发生链霉素过敏性休克,抢救时使用葡萄糖酸钙的目的是为了什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "抢救时使用葡萄糖酸钙的目的是钙离子与链霉素络合,减轻其毒性症状。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患儿,张小林,8个月。因急性肺炎住院,医嘱:先锋霉素1g+0.9%氯化钠溶液100mlivgttbid,护士选用头皮静脉输液。头皮静脉穿刺后,液体滴入不畅,局部血管呈树枝状分布且苍白,此情况可能是什么原因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "此情况可能为误入头皮动脉。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "主动脉硬化患者可出现的异常血压是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "主动脉硬化患者可出现的异常血压是脉压增大。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者,李某,70岁,由于输液速度过快,引起急性肺水肿,此时患者宜取的体位是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "由于输液速度过快,引起急性肺水肿,此时患者宜取的体位是端坐位,两腿下垂。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患儿,男,3岁,双脚不慎被开水烫伤,可考虑为其选用的保护具是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "双脚不慎被开水烫伤,可考虑为其选用的保护具是支被架。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "静脉输液时滴管内液面自行下降的原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "静脉输液时滴管内液面自行下降的原因是滴管有裂隙。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "过敏性休克首选肾上腺素,主要与其哪些作用有关?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "过敏性休克首选肾上腺素,主要与其兴奋心脏β1受体,使心输出量增加;兴奋支气管β2受体,使支气管平滑肌松弛;兴奋血管α受体,使外周血管收缩,血压升高;使支气管黏膜血管收缩,降低毛细血管的通透性,利于消除支气管黏膜水肿,减少支气管分泌;抑制肥大细胞释放过敏性物质有关。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "以下哪些属于我国刑法中规定的违反卫生法的罪名?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "属于我国刑法中规定的违反卫生法的罪名包括非法行医罪、非法采集、供应血液罪、医疗事故罪、传播性病罪、违反规定引起甲类传染病传播或者有传播严重危险罪。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪些消毒方法可以用于对HIV的消毒?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "可以用于对HIV的消毒方法包括56℃,30分钟和0.2%的次氯酸钠。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列疾病中属自身免疫性疾病的有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "属自身免疫性疾病的有重症肌无力、Lambert-Eaton综合征和多肌炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "护士处理医嘱时要注意哪些事项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护士处理医嘱时要注意必须严格遵守三查七对,确认无疑问后方可执行;先执行临时医嘱,再执行长期医嘱;先执行,再转抄;红勾表示已执行,蓝勾表示已转抄;按医嘱的性质分别转抄在病历的长期和临时医嘱单上。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅内压增高的临床表现包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅内压增高的临床表现包括持续性头痛、喷射性呕吐、视盘水肿、后期多出现视力障碍。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾脏的内分泌功能包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肾脏的内分泌功能包括分泌肾素、分泌前列腺素、分泌活性维生素D3和分泌促红细胞生成素。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "职业性损害包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "职业性损害包括工作有关疾病、职业性外伤和职业病。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "完全胃肠外营养输入人体的途径有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "完全胃肠外营养输入人体的途径有周围静脉、深静脉、中心静脉和颈内静脉。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "恶性肿瘤全身转移的治疗包括哪些方法?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "恶性肿瘤全身转移的治疗包括化学治疗、免疫治疗和中医药治疗。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尿毒症可有哪些电解质异常?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "尿毒症可有低钙、高磷、高钾和低钠。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "为预防四环素牙的发生,哪些情况禁用四环素类药物?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "为预防四环素牙的发生,妊娠期间的妇女、哺乳期的妇女、8岁以下的小儿禁用四环素类药物。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "患者女,34岁,风湿性心脏病史16年,因感冒、发热住院。医嘱静脉输液,上午8点开始输液,每分钟滴速40滴,但病人自己嫌滴得太慢,自行调节滴速达100滴/min,半小时后病人出现呼吸急促,剧烈咳嗽,痰液呈泡沫血性,不能平卧。护士应采取的正确护理措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "护士应采取的正确护理措施是立即停止输液;病人端坐,双腿下垂;必要时进行四肢轮扎;给予高流量氧气吸入;遵医嘱给予强心、利尿、扩血管的药物。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "脑出血时可以用来减轻脑水肿的药物有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "脑出血时可以用来减轻脑水肿的药物有甘露醇、呋塞米、白蛋白和甘油。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "烧伤休克期补液调节依据的指标有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "烧伤休克期补液调节依据的指标有尿量、心率、血压、末梢循环和中心静脉压。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "热水坐浴适用于哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "热水坐浴适用于外阴部炎症、肛门部充血、肛门周围感染。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "原发性三叉神经痛的临床表现有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "原发性三叉神经痛的临床表现是多发生于中老年人,女略多于男;疼痛限于三叉神经分布区的1支或2支,以第二、第三支最多见,3支同时受累者极为罕见;通常无预兆,开始和停止都很突然,间歇期可完全正常;病程可呈周期性,每次发作期可为数天、数周或数月不等;神经系统检查一般无阳性体征。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "内脏痛觉的特点包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "内脏痛觉的特点包括有牵涉痛和对缺血敏感。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "截瘫病人常见并发症包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "截瘫病人常见并发症包括压疮、坠积性肺炎和泌尿系感染。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾病综合征产生全身性水肿的主要机制有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肾病综合征产生全身性水肿的主要机制有血浆胶体渗透压下降、醛固酮分泌增多和抗利尿激素分泌增多。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪些是构成护理质量基础的基本要素?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "构成护理质量基础的基本要素有人员、物质、时间和信息。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅内压监测常见的并发症有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅内压监测常见的并发症有颅内感染、导管折叠、破损、颅内出血和导管脱出。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "糖尿病饮食治疗的原则包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "糖尿病饮食治疗的原则包括按理想体重计算总热能;体重超过理想体重20%者应减少总热能;饮食分配应根据病人习惯,最好少吃多餐。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于小儿用药特点,哪些是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于小儿用药特点,正确的有新生儿、早产儿应用磺胺、维生素K3可引起高胆红素血症;婴幼儿一般不用镇咳药;小儿便秘一般不用泻药;水痘患儿禁用激素;腹泻患儿一般不用止泻药。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "口腔的生理功能有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "口腔的生理功能有咀嚼功能、吮吸功能、辅助吞咽、呼吸功能、感觉功能和语言功能。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "强心苷主要应用于哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "强心苷主要应用于慢性心功能不全、心房颤动、心房扑动和阵发性室上性心动过速。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "应实行血液、体液隔离的病人包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "应实行血液、体液隔离的病人包括肝炎和艾滋病。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列各种因素中引起新生儿窒息的原因有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引起新生儿窒息的原因有孕妇被动吸烟、孕妇患慢性肾炎、孕妇年龄超过35岁、早产儿和宫内感染。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "佝偻病初期可有哪些症状与体征?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "佝偻病初期可有多汗和枕部脱发。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "世界卫生组织将HIV感染分为A、B、C三大类,C类包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "C类包括严重机会性感染、神经系统症状和肿瘤。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "溃疡病病人应慎用或忌用哪些药物?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "溃疡病病人应慎用或忌用泼尼松、阿司匹林、胃蛋白酶和硫酸亚铁。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高钾血症可见于哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "高钾血症可见于急性肾衰竭、慢性肾衰竭、Addison病和糖尿病。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "按照记忆的分类,下述哪些属于记忆的内容?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "属于记忆的内容有形象记忆、运动记忆、逻辑记忆和情绪记忆。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪些情况不宜进行热水坐浴?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不宜进行热水坐浴的情况包括月经期、产后10天和急性盆腔炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "食物中毒的诊断标准是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "食物中毒的诊断标准包括发病与进食有关,发病有群体性,有急性胃肠炎症状,从呕吐物、粪便及剩余食物中分离出同一病原体。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于水痘,下列说法哪项正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于水痘的正确说法包括水痘是一种传染性非常强的出疹性传染病,与带状疱疹为同一病毒感染所致,皮肤和黏膜相继出现斑丘疹,水疱疹和结痂同时存在,皮疹呈向心性分布。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "记录病人的出入水量时,其出量包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "记录病人的出入水量时,其出量包括呕吐物、出汗、大小便、引流液和渗出液。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "常用的抗过敏药物有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "常用的抗过敏药物有盐酸肾上腺素、盐酸异丙嗪和地塞米松。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性颅内压增高常见于哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性颅内压增高常见于急性颅内血肿和高血压脑出血。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高压氧治疗气性坏疽的指征及方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "高压氧治疗气性坏疽的指征及方法包括一经确诊,简单清创后即行高压氧治疗,对疑似病例也可作预防性治疗,应同时使用广谱抗生素及注射抗毒血清。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "气管切开术后护理应特别注意哪些事项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "气管切开术后护理应特别注意严格无菌操作,吸痰导管一用一消毒;每4~6小时清洗、消毒内套管1次;保持气管套管通畅;痰液黏稠时可给予呼吸道雾化吸入。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起小儿脑性瘫痪的主要原因有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引起小儿脑性瘫痪的主要原因有窒息、产伤、早产、核黄疸和胎盘炎症。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "坐骨神经痛的临床表现有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "坐骨神经痛的临床表现包括沿坐骨神经径路的典型放射性疼痛;疼痛位于臀部,并向股后部、小腿后外侧、足外侧放射;呈持续性钝痛,并有阵发性加剧;可为刀割样或烧灼样痛,夜间常加重;病变多为单侧性。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "外科手术后常见的并发症有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "外科手术后常见的并发症有术后发热与低体温、术后出血、术后感染和切口裂开。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "雾化吸入的目的包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "雾化吸入的目的包括治疗呼吸道感染,消除炎症和水肿;改善通气,解除支气管痉挛;稀释痰液,帮助祛痰。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肺炎患儿可出现哪些并发症?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肺炎患儿可出现心力衰竭、中毒性脑病、中毒性肠麻痹、弥散性血管内凝血和酸中毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "根据移植用器官的供者和受者关系,器官移植可分为哪些类型?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "根据移植用器官的供者和受者关系,器官移植可分为自体移植、同质移植、同种异体移植和异种移植。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "外科清创术的原则是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "外科清创术的原则是彻底清除创口内污物及异物,创面止血,切除失活组织,一期缝合伤口。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "血浆蛋白的主要功能有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血浆蛋白的主要功能有对酸碱有缓冲作用,维持血浆胶体渗透压,免疫作用,参与多种物质的运输,凝血与抗凝血作用。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪些病原体可引起食物中毒?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "可引起食物中毒的病原体有肉毒杆菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、黄曲霉毒素和产气荚膜梭菌。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "卫生法规的基本原则包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "卫生法规的基本原则包括卫生保护原则、预防为主原则、公平原则和病人自主原则。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "视力障碍包括哪些症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "视力障碍包括视力下降、夜盲、复视、视野缩小和眼前黑影飘动。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "重症肌无力的常见病因包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "重症肌无力的常见病因包括胸腺增生、胸腺肿瘤、甲状腺功能亢进和系统性红斑狼疮。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "腰穿的禁忌证有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "腰穿的禁忌证包括小脑肿瘤、腰椎外伤畸形并颅内感染和腰部局部皮肤发炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关外科手术切口感染的危险因素的描述,哪些是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "术前使用抗生素时间长,感染危险性高;侵入手术切口的细菌毒力强,感染危险性高。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "室间隔缺损常见的并发症有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "室间隔缺损常见的并发症有支气管炎、充血性心力衰竭、肺水肿和亚急性细菌性心内膜炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对晕动病所致呕吐有效的药物有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对晕动病所致呕吐有效的药物有苯海拉明、异丙嗪、东莨菪碱和美克洛嗪。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "“1、2、3”灌肠溶液的组成是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "“1、2、3”灌肠溶液的组成是50%硫酸镁30mL、甘油60mL和温开水90mL。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "常见的误诊、漏诊的原因包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "常见的误诊、漏诊的原因包括病史资料不完整、不确切,观察不细致或检验结果误差,先入为主、主观臆断,医学知识不足、缺乏临床经验。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "前囟闭合延迟见于哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "前囟闭合延迟见于佝偻病、先天性甲状腺功能减退、肾小管酸中毒和脑积水。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "我国正常成年男性和女性的血量分别约占体重的百分比是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "我国正常成年男性的血量约占体重的8%,女性的约占体重的7.5%。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "男孩,5岁,烧伤总面积为30%(二度)。该病人烧伤严重程度为?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "男孩,5岁,烧伤总面积为30%(二度)。该病人烧伤严重程度为特重度。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "代谢性酸中毒时的呼吸特征是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "代谢性酸中毒时呼吸深大。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "发生医院内尿路感染最常见的诱因是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "发生医院内尿路感染最常见的诱因是留置导尿管。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于尿糖的形成与机制,错误的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于尿糖的形成与机制,错误的是血中葡萄糖大部分通过滤过膜。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "再生障碍性贫血应选用哪种药物?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "再生障碍性贫血应选用丙酸睾酮。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "康复评估的特点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "康复评估的特点是重点是与生活自理、学习、劳动有关的综合功能评估。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "大面积烧伤现场急救时,哪种情况需要气管切开后方可转院?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "大面积烧伤现场急救时,上呼吸道梗阻需要气管切开后方可转院。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "使用约束带时,错误的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "使用约束带时,错误的是为便于松解,宽绷带应打活结。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于感觉功能检查,下述哪项不正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于感觉功能检查,不正确的是位置觉为浅感觉。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病人赵某,输血15分钟后感觉头胀、四肢麻木、腰背部剧痛,脉细弱,血压下降,下列护理措施错误的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病人赵某,输血15分钟后感觉头胀、四肢麻木、腰背部剧痛,脉细弱,血压下降,错误的护理措施是减慢输血速度。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "1型糖尿病的特点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "1型糖尿病的特点是多为幼年和青年发病。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "佝偻病活动期的主要临床表现是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "佝偻病活动期的主要临床表现是骨骼系统改变。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "出生后1~3个月内母乳喂养的婴儿不做预防注射的原因之一是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "出生后1~3个月内母乳喂养的婴儿不做预防注射的原因之一是抗体的反馈抑制作用。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列预防压疮的措施不妥的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下列预防压疮的措施不妥的是勤换衣服、床单。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "仰卧屈膝位适用于何种病人?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "仰卧屈膝位适用于腹部检查的病人。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不是近距离后装治疗宫颈癌病人的护理措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下列不是近距离后装治疗宫颈癌病人的护理措施的是有疼痛者不宜立即处理。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "阿司匹林发挥解热作用,其作用部位是哪里?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "阿司匹林发挥解热作用,其作用部位是丘脑下部。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "血液透析病人的饮食,哪项不合适?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "血液透析病人的饮食,不合适的是高钾饮食。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "不适合昏迷病人口腔护理的用物是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不适合昏迷病人口腔护理的用物是吸水管。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾损伤病人绝对卧床时间为多久?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肾损伤病人绝对卧床时间为尿液转清后继续休息2周。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅脑外伤病人出现下列哪项提示颅后窝骨折?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅脑外伤病人出现吞咽咳嗽反射障碍提示颅后窝骨折。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "保护易感人群采用的各种免疫措施中最重要的是哪项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "保护易感人群采用的各种免疫措施中最重要的是疫苗或菌苗。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项不属于人类的生理需要?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下列不属于人类的生理需要的是美。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "三级医院评审标准,下列护理质量指标哪项是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "三级医院评审标准,下列护理质量指标错误的是病床使用率适宜范围为98%~100%。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "应用破伤风抗毒素的目的是?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "应用破伤风抗毒素的目的是中和血液中游离毒素。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性肾衰竭常见于什么情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性肾衰竭常见于大面积烧伤。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "测量血压,被测者坐位或仰卧位时,肱动脉应分别平哪根肋软骨?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "测量血压,被测者坐位或仰卧位时,肱动脉应分别平第4肋软骨,腋中线。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "海(水)产品或盐腌渍品常引起下列哪一类食物中毒?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "海(水)产品或盐腌渍品常引起嗜盐菌食物中毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "男,全身烧伤59%总面积,无三度烧伤,抗休克补液额外,丧失晶体与胶体的比例应是多少?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "男,全身烧伤59%总面积,无三度烧伤,抗休克补液额外,丧失晶体与胶体的比例应是2:1。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "作为病人,他们的心理需求包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "作为病人,他们的心理需求包括需要尊重、需要接纳和关心、需要信心、需要安全和需要和谐环境、适度活动与刺激。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪些情况禁止使用硫酸镁?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "禁止使用硫酸镁的情况包括呼吸<16次/min,膝反射消失,尿量<600mL/d。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关医院内医疗废物的处置,哪些说法是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "医院内医疗废物的处置正确的说法有:在废物产生护理单元进行分类收集;由专人定期在各分类收集点收集、转运医疗废物;放射性废物按放射防护条例的规定处置;医院应设置医疗废物暂存点;混有医疗废物的生活垃圾按医疗废物处置。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "服药后不宜饮水的口服药有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "服药后不宜饮水的口服药有川贝枇杷露、硝酸甘油片和甘草合剂。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "膀胱癌术后,膀胱内灌注化学治疗药物时,哪些做法是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "膀胱癌术后,膀胱内灌注化学治疗药物时,错误的做法是用药量>100mL/次,吸出的液体可回注。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "喉头梗阻可由哪些原因引起?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "喉头梗阻可由急性喉炎、喉、气管异物、喉外伤、喉部肿瘤和过敏性疾病引起。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "精神病病人的特殊护理包括哪些内容?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "精神病病人的特殊护理包括防自杀与出走、日常生活护理、饮食护理、睡眠护理和防暴力行为。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "以下哪些属于老年病人常见的心理反应?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "老年病人常见的心理反应包括自尊心理、否认心理、恐惧心理、幼稚心理和抑郁心理。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "氧瓶使用后,瓶内应保持1kg/cm²的剩余压力,其目的是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "氧瓶使用后,瓶内应保持1kg/cm²的剩余压力,其目的包括表明该瓶未作过其他用途,外界杂质不易进入瓶内,再充气时氧瓶无须清洗。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "不宜进行热水坐浴的情况有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不宜进行热水坐浴的情况包括月经期、产后10天内和急性盆腔炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "鼻疖的治疗要点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "鼻疖的治疗要点是禁挤压、局部热敷和抗生素治疗。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪项属于乙类传染病?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "属于乙类传染病的有流行性出血热、麻疹和梅毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对高血压动脉硬化性脑出血急性期血压处理正确的方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对高血压动脉硬化性脑出血急性期血压处理正确的方法是缓慢降压,降压速度不宜过快,根据情况确定最佳水平。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "小脑损伤的典型体征有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "小脑损伤的典型体征包括眼球震颤、共济失调和意向性震颤。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "以下哪些疾病常有晕厥发生并可能猝死?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "常有晕厥发生并可能猝死的疾病包括肥厚型心肌病、主动脉瓣狭窄和心室颤动。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "气性坏疽的处理原则是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "气性坏疽的处理原则包括高压氧治疗、应用大量抗生素(首选为青霉素)、彻底清创,广泛多处切开和支持疗法(包括输血及营养支持)。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肌力检查的禁忌证有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肌力检查的禁忌证包括严重疼痛、严重关节积液、红肿、关节极不稳定和软组织损伤刚愈合。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胸痛的护理措施包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胸痛的护理措施包括病人取病侧卧位,使用胶布于病人呼吸之末紧贴在患侧胸部,使用吗啡或哌替啶止痛,给予小剂量镇静药和病因护理。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性肾衰竭少尿期代谢紊乱常表现为哪些症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性肾衰竭少尿期代谢紊乱常表现为氮质血症、代谢性酸中毒、水中毒和高钾血症。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "体温在生理情况下波动有哪些表现?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "体温在生理情况下波动表现为早晨略低,下午略高;24小时波动幅度<1℃;老年人体温略低;进食后体温略高。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起性病的病原体有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引起性病的病原体有淋病奈瑟菌、梅毒螺旋体、艾滋病病毒、衣原体和支原体。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "医患纠纷发生的原因有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "医患纠纷发生的原因包括医疗部门自身的缺陷和病人就医行为的缺陷。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪些属于烧伤的治疗原则?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "烧伤的治疗原则包括保护烧伤区,防止和清除外源性污染;预防和治疗低血容量性休克;防治局部及全身性感染;促进创面愈合,减少瘢痕形成及功能障碍;防治重要器官的并发症。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "病毒性脑炎病人可出现哪些神经精神症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "病毒性脑炎病人可出现精神运动性兴奋或抑制、幻觉、妄想、意识障碍、自主神经症状和癫痫发作。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "在护患关系中护士扮演的角色包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "在护患关系中护士扮演的角色包括关怀和照顾的提供者角色、教师角色、咨询者角色、病人辩护人角色和变化促进者角色。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "少尿可见于哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "少尿可见于休克、大出血、心功能不全和急性肾炎。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "低蛋白膳食适用于哪些病人?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "低蛋白膳食适用于急性肾炎病人、尿毒症病人和肝衰竭者病人。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于Rh血型不合溶血病的说法,哪些是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于Rh血型不合溶血病的正确说法有:多在出生后24小时内出现黄疸;母亲为Rh阳性不会发生Rh溶血;很少在第一胎发生溶血。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "长效的糖皮质激素有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "长效的糖皮质激素有地塞米松和倍他米松。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "情感按其内容一般分为哪些方面?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "情感按其内容一般分为道德感、理智感、同情感和正义感。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "环境污染引起的疾病有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "环境污染引起的疾病包括传染病、肺尘埃沉着病、中毒性疾病、公害病和食源性疾病。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "有关乙醇拭浴,下列哪些描述正确?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "有关乙醇拭浴的正确描述包括:乙醇温度应接近体温,拭浴方式以拍拭方式进行,不用摩擦方式,当拭浴至腋窝、腹股沟、腘窝、足底等血管丰富处时,应适当延长时间,禁拭后颈、胸前区、腹部等处,拭浴后30分钟测量体温。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "产后出血的主要原因有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "产后出血的主要原因有子宫收缩乏力、凝血功能障碍、软产道损伤和胎盘滞留。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "属于高度危险物品的有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "属于高度危险物品的有手术器械和心导管。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "鼻咽癌的发病特点有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "鼻咽癌的发病特点包括在黄种人中发病率高,与EB病毒有密切关系。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "法洛四联症包括哪些病变?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "法洛四联症包括室间隔缺损、肺动脉口狭窄、主动脉骑跨和右心室肥大。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "鼻源性头痛的特点有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "鼻源性头痛的特点是多为钝痛、隐痛,多伴有鼻腔、鼻窦的病变,鼻腔收缩后疼痛可减轻,有时间和部位规律,疼痛的部位常和受累的鼻有关。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "根据传染病防治法,对哪些疾病应采取强制性隔离?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "根据传染病防治法,对艾滋病病人、肺炭疽病病人、鼠疫病人和病原携带者、霍乱病人和病原携带者应采取强制性隔离。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "正确的取药方法有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "正确的取药方法包括取固体药物时用药匙取,水剂药摇匀后用量杯取,液体药物药量不足1mL时用滴管吸取,专用药单独存放单独取用。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "接获急诊病人将要入院的通知后,应完成哪些护理工作?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "接获急诊病人将要入院的通知后,应完成的护理工作有通知医师,准备急救器材及药物,安置病人,配合抢救,询问病史。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅脑损伤昏迷病人的膳食应如何安排?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅脑损伤昏迷病人的膳食应安排鼻胃管饲,供给高热能高蛋白质流质,含有丰富的维生素。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "免疫活性细胞包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "免疫活性细胞包括T细胞和B细胞。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "新斯的明临床用于哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "新斯的明临床用于重症肌无力、术后腹胀气与尿潴留、阵发性室上性心动过速和筒箭毒碱中毒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "禁忌用冷敷的部位有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "禁忌用冷敷的部位包括胸前区、腹部、后颈部和足心。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "引起性病的病原体有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "引起性病的病原体有淋病奈瑟菌、梅毒螺旋体、衣原体和HIV。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性肺水肿时,紧急处理的正确措施包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性肺水肿时,紧急处理的正确措施包括给氧,以间歇或面罩加压给氧效果好,将病人取半坐卧位,或坐于椅上且双下肢下垂,减少回心血量,病人呼吸道泡沫多时,可在给氧的湿化瓶内加入25%~35%乙醇,以减轻肺泡表面张力,遵医嘱镇静,减轻烦躁不安和呼吸困难,遵医嘱应用利尿强心药。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪些病人不宜灌肠?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不宜灌肠的病人包括急腹症病人、消化道出血、严重心血管疾病。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "HIV的传播途径有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "HIV的传播途径有性接触、注射、母婴和人工授精。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "骨折病人长期卧床为了预防压疮,护理上应采取哪些措施?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "骨折病人长期卧床为了预防压疮,护理上应采取的措施包括保持皮肤清洁干燥,经常翻身,按摩受压部位,应用气垫床或受压处用海绵垫,加强功能锻炼。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "面部疖肿易引起海绵窦感染的原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "面部疖肿易引起海绵窦感染的原因是面部静脉无瓣膜,面部静脉与海绵窦相通。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "可致听力损害的药物有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "可致听力损害的药物有卡那霉素、依他尼酸、链霉素和呋塞米。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "乙型病毒性肝炎的传播途径有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "乙型病毒性肝炎的传播途径有消化道传播、血液和体液传播、母婴传播和性接触传播。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "使用吸引器吸痰时,操作者应注意哪些事项?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "使用吸引器吸痰时,操作者应注意检查电压、管道连接和吸引性能,为小儿吸痰时负压要小,储液瓶内的吸出液要及时倾倒,每个部位吸痰不得超过15秒。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "放射介入治疗前准备包括哪些内容?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "放射介入治疗前准备包括治疗前4~6小时禁水,做好碘过敏试验,穿刺处备皮,术前做好出、凝血时间测定,停用显影效果的药物。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "高渗性脱水易出现哪些症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "高渗性脱水易出现的症状包括口渴、尿少和脱水热。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "医院内感染可以发生在哪些人群中?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "医院内感染可以发生在门诊病人、住院病人、医务人员、探视者和陪护人员中。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "新生儿生理性黄疸的特点是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "新生儿生理性黄疸的特点是出生后2~3天出现,出生后10~14天消退,早产儿可至3~4周才消退。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "测量呼吸的正确方法是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "测量呼吸的正确方法是评估有无影响呼吸的因素,测脉搏后手仍似诊脉状按在诊脉部位,观察病人胸腹起伏,一般成人默数半分钟乘以2,呼吸不规则者及婴幼儿默数1分钟。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输液过程中溶液不滴的原因有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输液过程中溶液不滴的原因有针头阻塞、静脉痉挛、针头滑出血管外、针头斜面紧贴血管壁和压力过低。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输液过量可导致病人出现哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输液过量可导致病人出现肺水肿和充血性心力衰竭。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下肢深静脉血栓形成急性期可出现哪些症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "下肢深静脉血栓形成急性期可出现突发全下肢肿胀、小腿剧痛,患足不能着地踏平、患肢皮温降低呈青紫色、患肢小腿和足背可出现水疱。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于脓胸的病理改变,下列哪些是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于脓胸的病理改变,渗出期即脓胸急性期,纤维蛋白层不断加厚是急性脓胸转变成慢性脓胸的过渡阶段,机化期形成纤维板易压迫肺组织。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "尿道球部损伤时,尿外渗可能扩展至哪些部位?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "尿道球部损伤时,尿外渗可能扩展至会阴部、阴茎、阴囊、下腹部。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "判断心跳停止可通过哪些检查?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "判断心跳停止可通过触诊颈动脉、触诊股动脉、心电图检查。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于肿瘤转移,哪些叙述是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于肿瘤转移,胃癌转移至卵巢为种植性转移,淋巴转移为癌的最常见转移方式。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性弥漫性腹膜炎的主要临床表现有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性弥漫性腹膜炎的主要临床表现为持续性腹痛、明显腹胀、恶心、呕吐、腹部压痛和反跳痛、中性粒细胞升高。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "慢性脓胸行一期脓胸和病肺切除的指征有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "慢性脓胸行一期脓胸和病肺切除的指征是合并支气管胸膜瘘瘘口不能闭合者、合并支气管扩张者、合并继发性肺纤维化实变者、合并结核性空洞但病变稳定者。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "心脏复跳后首要处理措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "心脏复跳后首要处理是维护和支持呼吸循环功能、防止脑水肿。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "腕部尺神经切割伤可引起哪些症状?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "腕部尺神经切割伤可引起小鱼际肌萎缩、手部尺侧1个半手指感觉障碍、环、小指夹指力减弱。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "急性化脓性腹膜炎病人休克的主要原因是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "急性化脓性腹膜炎病人休克的主要原因是血容量减少、毒素吸收。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅内动脉瘤破裂出血的常见症状有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅内动脉瘤破裂出血的常见症状有头痛、视力障碍、脑膜刺激征、呕吐。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "针对肛门胀痛、大便每日10余次,带血两个月的病人应进行哪些初步检查?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "针对肛门胀痛、大便每日10余次,带血两个月的病人应进行直肠指检、血常规检查、大便常规检查。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于胸壁肿瘤,下列哪些叙述是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于胸壁肿瘤,常见良性肿瘤为骨纤维瘤、骨瘤、软骨瘤、骨软骨瘤,恶性肿瘤多为肉瘤,原发性胸壁肿瘤应尽可能手术治疗。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "肾损伤时排泄性尿路造影可了解哪些情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肾损伤时排泄性尿路造影可了解伤肾的功能和形态、伤肾有无尿外渗、对侧肾是否正常。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下列哪些是肺癌手术的禁忌证?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "肺癌手术的禁忌证包括远处转移,脑、肝、骨等转移,心肺功能不全,全身情况极差,广泛肺门及纵隔淋巴结转移,估计无法清除,严重侵犯周围器官,估计无法切除。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "下述哪些符合稳定骨折的情况?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "符合稳定骨折的情况有移位的完全骨折经手法复位,适当外固定后,不易再发生移位,股骨中段横行骨折,椎体压缩骨折,压缩程度不及椎体高度1/3者。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "烧伤休克期(成人)床旁掌握输液速度的简易指标有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "烧伤休克期(成人)床旁掌握输液速度的简易指标是每小时尿量30~50ml,脉率在120次以下,安静。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "巨大肾积水的标准是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "巨大肾积水指成人肾积水容量超过1000ml,小儿肾积水容量超过24小时尿液总量。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "对于直肠癌术后复发并广泛转移且出现双肾明显积水的患者,合理的治疗包括哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "对于直肠癌术后复发并广泛转移且出现双肾明显积水的患者,合理的治疗包括输液抗感染,在B超引导下经皮双侧肾穿刺造瘘,经膀胱镜放置双侧输尿管J形导管。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于肱骨骨折,下述哪些是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于肱骨骨折,外科颈骨折,即使畸形愈合后,其功能障碍也较少,髁上骨折容易引起缺血性肌挛缩。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "颅后窝占位性病变出现枕骨大孔疝危象时,快速而有效的急救措施是什么?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "颅后窝占位性病变出现枕骨大孔疝危象时,快速而有效的急救措施是静脉快速滴注甘露醇,尽快行颅后窝开颅占位性病变切除术,行脑室穿刺脑脊液体外引流术,及时行辅助呼吸,快速静推呼吸兴奋剂。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "深部感染的临床表现有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "深部感染的临床表现有感染表面组织水肿,局部有压痛,可伴发热与白细胞计数增加。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "给肾结核病人选择治疗方式的主要依据有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "给肾结核病人选择治疗方式的主要依据是全身情况、静脉肾盂造影、逆行肾盂造影。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "不利于创伤修复的局部因素有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "不利于创伤修复的局部因素有伤口包扎过紧、伤口内有异物存留、伤口感染、制动不够、失活组织过多。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "关于急性脑疝下列哪些是正确的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "关于急性脑疝,急性硬膜外血肿是常见的病因,颅内压增高病人腰穿放液过多过快,可诱发急性脑疝,视神经乳头水肿可有可无,急性脑疝时可出现急性脑积水,枕骨大孔疝时瞳孔可忽大忽小。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "输血所致循环超负荷的治疗方法有哪些?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "输血所致循环超负荷的治疗方法是停止输血,给予强心利尿药,加压氧输入,给予利尿剂。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "胰腺假性囊肿的哪些描述是错误的?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "胰腺假性囊肿的错误描述包括囊壁有扁平或低柱状上皮覆盖,胰腺外伤并不是假性囊肿发生的原因,囊肿内发生出血可以排除假性囊肿的诊断,假性囊肿通常不会继发感染。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "哪些情况属于腹内压力增高的原因?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "腹内压力增高的原因有腹水、慢性便秘、婴儿经常啼哭、慢性咳嗽、妊娠。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "哪些胸伤是剖胸探查的适应证?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "剖胸探查的适应证有进行性血胸或心脏大血管损伤,严重肺挫伤,食管破裂、严重肺裂伤或气管支气管损伤,胸腹联合伤或胸壁大块缺损,胸内较大的异物存留。"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"instruction": "良恶性肿瘤的区别主要在哪些方面?",
|
|
"input": "",
|
|
"output": "良恶性肿瘤的区别主要在于生长方式、细胞分化、与周围组织关系、转移、全身情况。"
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
|