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2020 Winner, Award of Merit for Individual Achievement in Exhibition Design Connecticut League of History Organizations Just Like Grandma Used to Make: A Hands-on Experience of 300 Years of Kitchen History Please don’t touch is now Please Touch! in Grandma’s Kitchen “Oh, I remember that my grandparents had an old icebox like that!” or “Look, kids, that’s what a telephone used to look like” and “I grew up with a stove like that” are frequent comments made by visitors to the 1910 Kitchen at the Wilton Historical Society. One of the most popular of the “period” rooms, it was installed when the Historical Society moved to the site in the 1990s, and had not changed much since then. Located adjacent to the entry area in the Betts House, it is the space that most visitors immediately connect with. But there was one barrier – the usual one – No Touching, Please. But that has changed. The room has been redesigned and re-named: “Just Like Grandma Used to Make: A Hands-on Experience of 300 Years of Kitchen History” and is now open. The Historical Society is always looking for ways to make history more immediate and relatable. “In the 1910 Kitchen, we were constantly reminding visitors “please don’t touch.” The objects in a kitchen are all made to be picked up and used — it’s really hard to resist the urge to do so” says co-director Allison Sanders. “We decided to rethink the room and how people, particularly kids, can learn from it.” Co-Director Kim Mellin agrees “ making the decision to switch the room over to a “please touch” room is completely consistent with the hands-on history programs that we offer for kids and adults year round” she said. “Basically, we have tried to make just about everything in the room touchable” says Associate Curator Nick Foster, who was in charge of the project. To redesign the room, he assessed every object in the room. “We swapped out objects that were part of the collection and made sure that every touchable item is one of our education pieces, meaning they are appropriate for hands-on learning.” But the most fun was coming up with interesting ways to really engage visitors. He devised a clever way to experience the weight of picking up a block of ice with old-fashioned ice tongs. Visitors can examine foot warmers, sugar nips, a 1910 egg beater, butter molds, a butter churn, and flat irons, then peek in the cabinets and drawers. The old sink has a hand pump, which needed a few tweaks to get the water running again, but now can be operated by visitors.

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New Hope for Treating Anxiety Most commonly, Ketamine is known as a proven anesthetic used to block pain and sedate patients during surgery and other medical procedures. However, numerous studies have shown it is effective in treating anxiety (and other mood disorders). According to a 2019 study by Yale Medicine, “Ketamine triggers glutamate production, which, in a complex, cascading series of events, prompts the brain to form new neural connections. This makes the brain more adaptable and able to create new pathways, and gives patients the opportunity to develop more positive thoughts and behaviors.” This finding supports the many bodies of research that indicate ketamine has a better ability to work directly on the specific brain receptors that play a role in behavioral responses. In order to understand how ketamine works on anxiety, it can be helpful to think about how it works for other mood disorders. Glutamate is a widely distributed excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain responsible for mediating response to stress (and the formation of traumatic memories in PTSD patients). Because the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine has rapid onset activity in treatment-resistant depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder, it is believed that ketamine works in a similar way for anxiety. The line of thinking has to do with similarities in brain network activity in depression and anxiety disorders. Because ketamine has the ability to quickly target specific brain receptors that play a role in behavioral responses, in certain studies ketamine has been shown to quickly reduce the symptoms of hard-to-treat anxiety. How does Ketamine work for Anxiety? Scientists have investigated the mechanism of action of Ketamine on the brain, and what we know so far is fascinating! Ketamine increases one of your own existing brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters. The name of the transmitter is Glutamate and it is one that excites nerve cells at very specific receptors, which are the sites where the neurotransmitter work. This increase in the chemical occurs in pyramidal cells of the brain that are impacted by depression Ketamine & Anxiety Similar to depression, PTSD, and other mood disorders, ketamine works much more quickly than standard prescription drugs to alleviate symptoms of anxiety. What is more promising is that patients with difficult to treat conditions such as Agoraphobia, other phobia-related disorders, and panic disorder are finding hope and relief in ketamine IV infusions. What to Expect From Treatments Treatment induction includes 6 one 45-60 minute sessions spread over a 2-3 week period. Research has shown this regimen to be the most effective induction method. Patients typically feel effects within the first 4 treatments, and are recommended to continue their regular care with a mental health practitioner, as well as their current drug regimen. Additionally, ketamine booster infusions are generally needed periodically following the induction treatment to maintain relief. In general, patients feel effects within the first 4 treatments, and are recommended to continue their regular care with a mental health practitioner, as well as their current drug regimen The response to Ketamine is very individual with some patients feeling the effects right away, while others require all six, and occasionally more treatments. We will assess your response at treatment 3-4 to determine how you are responding and how we can optimize the dosing to suit your response.

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DescriptionIn the sixth of eleven clips from the first day of the Early Algebra Ideas 6th grade class sessions, the researcher, Robert B. Davis, challenges students to try to find more than one value for each of the open sentences printed below. As students respond, Davis keeps track of numbers that work by recording them in the bracketed truth set for the particular equation. Davis poses a question to the group about whether and when mathematical "secrets" should be shared or whether each individual should have the opportunity to discover important ideas about the problems for themselves before the idea is explained to everyone. Jeff, Michelle I., Ankur, Stephanie and Brian are featured during the activity. Researchers Carolyn Maher, Alice Alston, Amy Martino and Tom Purdy, along with Marcia O’Brien, district supervisor, and Michael Poe, teacher, are observing. Equations Two through Eight as presented to the students: 2. (□ x □) - (16 x □) + 55 = 0 3. (□ x □) - (10 x □) + 21 = 0 4. (□ x □) - (15 x □) + 26 = 0 5. (□ x □) - (6 x □) + 5 = 0 6. (□ x □) - (7 x □) + 12 = 0 7. (□ x □) - (12 x □) + 20 = 0 8. (□ x □) - (12 x □) + 32 = 0 RightsThe video is protected by copyright. It is available for reviewing and use within the Video Mosaic Collaborative (VMC) portal. Please contact the Robert B. Davis Institute for Learning (RBDIL) for further information about the use of this video. Related Publication Type: Related publication Label: Ed.D. dissertation references the video footage that includes Early algebra ideas involving one variable, Clip 6 of 11: Trying to complete truth sets for equations two through eight Date: 2009 Author: Spang, Kathleen E. (Rutgers Graduate School of Education) Name: Teaching algebra ideas to elementary school children : Robert B. Davis' introduction to early algebra Reference: QA.S735 2009 Source Title: A54, Early algebra ideas involving one variable (teacher view), Grade 6, September 30, 1993, raw footage. Identifier: A54-19930930-KNWH-TV-CLASS-GR6-ALG-PIB-RAW

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Scientists from Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok and the Natural History Museum, London recently discovered three new species of carnivorous snails in northern Thailand. However, the celebration of these discoveries is tainted by the fact that the new snails are already threatened with extinction due to the destruction of their limestone habitat. The new snail species named Perrottetia aquilonaria, P. dermapyrrhosa and P. phuphamanesis were collected during surveys throughout Thailand between 2008 and 2012 and are described in the open access journal Zookeys. Identified by their genital organs and shell characteristics, these are the first snails in their genus Perrottetia to be described in over a century. The snails belong to the family Streptaxidae which is a terrestrial carnivorous group of snails known to feed on insect larvae, earthworms, and even other snails. These tiny snails less than 1 centimeter in size are found living within rock crevices, endemic to a single or few limestone mountain ranges in north and north-eastern Thailand, adopting a “one hill one species” endemism. Members of the Streptaxidae family can be recognized by their cylindrical shells, bright yellow to red or orange colored bodies and external hook-like structures on their penis. Close anatomical examination of these snails during the study identified them as new species. Differences in there anatomy is noted in the journal. For Example, “P. aquilonaria has a club shaped distal penis and large penial hooks are present and penial papillae cover almost the entire penial hook portion.” Whilst P. dermapyrrhosa is described as having “a long genital atrium and the penial sheath is about two thirds of the penis length. Penial hook are long, scattered and sunken into deep ovate hollows; vaginal hook are present.” Meanwhile, P. phuphamanensis is described as having “rounded and protruded shell periphery”. The discovery of these snails, surviving in such harsh conditions, shows us that “there are still remnants of some fundamental ecosystem” in these overly exploited areas, according to the paper. “The three new Perrottetia species exhibit distinct morphological characteristics, which make for a great example for evolutionary studies in unstable environments,” explains co-author Somsak Panha in a press release. Somsak also points out “More than 50% of limestone ecosystems in this region have been or still are being destroyed. This astonishing case of biodiversity persistence gives a valuable reason to put effort in the conservation of this important world ecosystem. ” These new species are immediately faced with the threat of extinction unless something can be done to protect their rapidly vanishing ecosystem. CITATION: Siriboon T, Sutcharit C, Naggs F, Panha S (2013) Three new species of the carnivorous snail genus Perrottetia Kobelt, 1905 from Thailand (Pulmonata, Streptaxidae). ZooKeys 287: 41-57. This article was written for Mongabay.com and re-posted on Focusing on Wildlife.

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August 25, 1995 The fungus Pythium, which is commonly found in the soil, can infect geranium root and stem tissue and cause plant death. Wet, poorly drained soil favors disease development. Infected plants are usually stunted. Leaves turn a yellow or brown color, wilt, shrivel and eventually die. Lower leaves often show symptoms first. In early stages of the disease, plants may show recovery at night, but wilt again the following day. The Hortline will resume normal hours on September 1. Hortline hours will be 10-12 and 1-4:30, Monday through Friday. The student interns that helped answer the Hortline during the summer months have returned to classes. They did a terrific job and will be missed. This article originally appeared in the August 25, 1995 issue, p. 129. Have you noticed that many lilac leaves at this time of year are more white than green? The whitish appearance is caused by the powdery mildew fungus. The white "powder" is composed of fungal structures (mycelium and spores). White spots on leaves usually start to develop in mid-summer and enlarge as the summer progresses. By late summer or fall entire leaves may appear white. Also in the fall, tiny specs (cleistothecia) appear on leaves. These fungal structures are especially evident on lower leaf surfaces. It is that time of year when Phytophthora root rot starts showing up in rhododendron and azalea plantings. The fungus is favored under extremely wet conditions and in heavy, poorly drained soils. The wet spring may have aggravated the condition more this year. Phytophthora root rot of rhododendrons is caused by several species of Phytophthora. The pathogens, primarily P. connamoni, P. citriocola and P. cactorum, are soilborne and invade roots under wet conditions. Most cultivars of rhododendrons are highly susceptible to attack by Phytophthora. From mid-August through the end of the summer is when the fall webworm will be noticed on walnut and other hardwood trees. This insect is usually identified by the loose, gray, silk tent spun by a cluster of caterpillars feeding on the leaves at the end of the branch. The caterpillars are tan to yellow in color, hairy and up to 1 inch long. For myself, gardening is enjoyable all year long. Others, however, are not so fortunate. Seasonal allergies can stop some people in their tracks with sneezing attacks, watery eyes and noses or an inability to breathe. Spring begins the allergy season with the pollen of ash, birch, elm, hickory, and other trees. Late spring and summer brings problems with grasses. Summer and fall continues the agony with numerous weeds such as dock, ragweed and amaranth.

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Local changes in coastal ocean temperatures have been much more dramatic over the past 30 years than than global averages imply, new research has found. The research suggests that there are very distinct regional differences — differences which have significant ecological implications. The new research was done by mapping and analyzing the differences amongst the world’s coastlines with regards temperature changes over the past three decades. The analysis led to the realization that there is great regional diversity in warming and cooling patterns. “For example, the South American Pacific coasts have been cooling over the last few decades. To some, these cooling trends may be counterintuitive, but they are consistent with global climate change predictions, such as increases in upwelling (i.e., a process that brings cold, deep ocean water to the coast).” But then over in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, there has been a very clear and obvious warming trend. Including some areas where detected changes in temperature were as high as +/-2.5 degrees Celsius, that’s three times higher than the global average. “Climate change is happening everywhere — just not necessarily at the same rate, or even in the same direction. For example, if you live on Cape Cod, your conditions are warming three times faster than global averages imply, while in Santiago, Chile, coastal waters have been getting cooler.” “The world is getting flatter,” stated Dr Hannes Baumann of the Stony Brook University School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences. “Coastal waters at high (cold) latitudes warm much faster than at low (warm) latitudes, hence the majority of the world’s coastal temperature gradients are getting shallower. This could cause dramatic reorganization of organisms and ecosystems, from small plankton communities to larger fish populations. “We already know, in general, that marine life changes in its characteristics along these North-South temperature gradients,” Baumann continues. “For example, many coastal fish populations differ genetically from north to south, an adaptation to grow best a local temperature conditions. With further study, we want to explore how changes in coastal ocean temperature gradients could predict large-scale changes in the ecosystem.” The new research is a good reminder of just how much the effects of climate change will vary by region — we’re used to certain weather patterns which could very well completely change with the changing climate. Something to keep in mind. The new research was just published in the journal PLoS ONE.

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The Serotonergic System Serotonin is a neurotransmitter associated with a number of cognitive disorders, namely depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Professor Trevor Robbins explains how the serotoninergic system works. The serotonergic system is one of the oldest of the amine systems in the brain. It is also one of the most mysterious. It is very hard to say in a few words what the serotonergic system does. It originates in two midbrain areas called the dorsal raphe and the median raphe. They both innervate forebrain and midbrain structures in kind of complementary ways that are a bit complicated to go into. The serotonin system seems to be very much involved in inhibition. It opposes, in function, most of the other amine systems and it's inhibitory both in terms of sensory input and in behavioral output. So, let me try and illustrate that - LSD is a drug which works via serotonin receptors in the brain and of course it produces amazing visual hallucinations by working with serotonin receptors and presumably, disinhibiting those neurons. On the output side, we know that serotonin is very much involved in impulsivity, that is to say, behavior occurring without foresight. We know in our own research with rats that if rats have low serotonin, they simply can't restrain themselves from responding when they shouldn't. So, this is a very intriguing function in terms of psychopathology. And in indeed in human terms, serotonin functions have also been linked to aggression, for example. So, low serotonin produces behavioral disinhibition leading to aggression. serotonin, serotoninergic, amine, system, receptor, bipolar, disorder, biochemistry, brain chemistry, serotonin, serotoninergic, system, neurotransmitter, schizophrenia, lsd, midbrain, neuron, inhibition, disinhibition, hallucination, hallucinogenic, drug, dorsal, median, raphe, aggression, trevor, robbins, Professor Jeffrey Lieberman discusses the serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia. Drugs such as LSD and ecstasy block serotonin and produce schizophrenia-like symptoms. Doctor Ellen Leibenluft discusses some of the biochemicals that have been associated with bipolar disorder, including dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate. Professor Trevor Robbins describes the GABA (or GABAergic) system, whose main function in the brain is inhibition. Professor Trevor Robbins describes some of the key functions of the excitatory glutamate system, which is integral to information processing and long-term potentiation. An overview of bipolar disorder-related content on Genes to Cognition Online. Professor Wayne Drevets explains how positron emission tomography (PET) is used to examine biochemicals in the brain such as serotonin. Doctor Ellen Leibenluft explains that neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the brain are heavily inter-connected and work together as a system. Serotonin is critical to so many processes in the central nervous system and serotoninergic dysfunction has been heavily investigated as a cause for depression. Professor Trevor Robbins explains that the dopamine system is a group of cells originating in the midbrain whose function may be to prepare the brain to think, move, and anticipate rewards. The 5-HTT gene has been associated with both depression and autism.

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Feeding schedule is an important aspect of care that owners must remember. The time the bearded dragons’ eats should be in the right time depending on the bearded dragon’s age. Feeding the dragon too late especially when it is more than 2 hours after the light source is turned off; the tendency is the food that enters their stomach will rot. As owners you need to set an alarm for you not to forget that it’s feeding time for your pet dragons. The recommended time is one hour after the heat lamp is turned in the early morning time and the next will be early in the afternoon. Feeding schedule must be of strict compliance, if not taken into account very carefully, this may be fatal to your bearded dragons as it may cause health related illnesses. Remember that bearded dragons are creatures following a day to day habit. A minimum of 2 times a day is the correct way of giving right the number of meals. Let the dragon take in food for 15 minutes; let your dragon eat as much as possible for 15 minutes. In baby bearded dragons, they should be given small crickets, this is always been emphasized. As an owner, you should provide salad and pellets. This will help your bearded dragon not to refuse the green leafy vegetables, sometimes if you always give green leafy vegetables, the bearded dragon will refuse it and throw it away. This is because; they have always seen the same food and eating the same taste. They need to have new in their sight not depriving the nutritional contents. You should give green leafy vegetables but not all the time; have an alternative as well. READ MORE: Bearded Dragon Care Treat your bearded dragon the way babies are to be nurtured. A guide for your Feeding Schedule base on the bearded dragon’s Age 1 year- 1 ½ years In these times, your bearded dragon is still young and needs more intake for fast development. You should have a live prey for your bearded dragon in this stage of life. Remember that dragon also eat meat for they are omnivores. The live prey’s meat must be eaten 15 minutes once a day. You may give it in the early morning or in the early afternoon. You may give it with salad and pellets too. 1 ½ years Your bearded dragon is an adult now. It will still continue to grow but not the same growth rate as they are in the younger age. Provide them with green leafy veggies, fruits and pellets once a day with 5-10 crickets at least 5=6 days a week. If you feed your bearded dragon 2 times a day, do not give large quantity of foods; only give the quantity that is not too large and not too small. Estimate the amount that is enough for one feeding for your dragon. You know when your dragon is satisfied; they will go to the basking rock and close its eyes, take a nap and later fall asleep. Be sure to clear out the area where the dragon eats, clear all remaining roaming insects. Each and every day, keep the same feeding schedule time. Take note of the time you have given food that day and make sure to give the food the same time by the next day. A good technique is an alarm clock and timer to let you have the exact feeding time schedule.

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When we adults share what’s in our hearts and minds with young children, when we share what we feel is important, delightful or surprising, new windows about how the world works opens for kids. Their casual or intense observations of what we think is important and how our engagements with the various areas of focus in our lives rivet their attention. Every observed reaction plants a seed in young minds that may sprout in their ever-expanding worlds. If teaching or parenting mean anything, every interaction with kids should inspire children who are little learning machines. As children interact with the world, lessons rich with new promise and the magic of discovery abound. Everything in this weekly blog emphasizes books and reading as critically important for paving children’s pathways to success in school and especially in their lives. This blog’s focus is the power of OUR personal reading on THEIR personal reading. It is a rock-solid teaching and parenting choice to read age-appropriate books together with children, “discussing” characters and content with even the youngest ones. Yet children need to see teachers and parents reading OUR books, too. When kids observe us reading, it sparks and enriches their growing relationship with book-based explorations upon which they can begin to build their lifelong learning. And when the time comes in their constantly shifting attentions, they’ll ask us about why we like to read and how they could do that, too. So, we must not just read children’s books with THEM. We must read the kinds of books that WE enjoy…alone…for ourselves and our own lifelong information and intellectual growth. Our actions SHOW little ones our values. It’s necessary to make a regular show of our reading, of how we handle and thoughtfully care for our own books, magazines, newspapers and all the rest. Kids need to see us lost in our OWN reading and to sense OUR urges to get back into those pages. Children don’t miss much in what we do, and early on they won’t “get” reading , but they can definitely sense that reading is important to us…that it is personally fulfilling for grown ups to sit with and give our full attention over to OUR books. They need to regularly see that reading is valued and that books are something enjoyable and worth keeping in a special place where we can easily return to them. My encouragement to purposefully arrange for children to watch us read (and write!) personally meaningful texts is not casual. It is critical. It paves the way to the development of their baby-step literacy, lighting the long fuse to launching their independent learning lives. Then, when they get around to asking about our reading, we can take a moment to share with them how important and personally satisfying reading and books are to us and OUR ongoing lifelong learning. This is a powerful and easy lesson worth teaching every day.

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Telehealth is the use of communications technologies to provide health care from a distance. These technologies may include computers, cameras, videoconferencing, the Internet, and satellite and wireless communications. Some examples of telehealth include A "virtual visit" with a health care provider, through a phone call or video chat A surgeon using robotic technology to do surgery from a different location Sensors that can alert caregivers if a person with dementia leaves the house Sending your provider a message through your electronic health record (EHR) Watching an online video that your provider sent you about how to use an inhaler Getting an email, phone, or text reminder that it's time for a cancer screening Remote patient monitoring, which lets your provider check on you while you are at home. For example, you might wear a device that measures your heart rate and sends that information to your provider. What is the difference between telemedicine and telehealth? Sometimes people use the term telemedicine to mean the same thing as telehealth. Telehealth is a broader term. It includes telemedicine. But it also includes things like training for health care providers, health care administrative meetings, and services provided by pharmacists and social workers. What are the benefits of telehealth? Some of the benefits of telehealth include Getting care at home, especially for people who can't easily get to their providers' offices Getting care from a specialist who is not close by Getting care after office hours More communication with your providers Better communication and coordination between health care providers More support for people who are managing their health conditions, especially chronic conditions such as diabetes Lower cost, since virtual visits may be cheaper than in-person visits What are the problems with telehealth? Some of the problems with telehealth include If your virtual visit is with someone who is not your regular provider, he or she may not have all of your medical history After a virtual visit, it may be up to you to coordinate your care with your regular provider In some cases, the provider may not be able to make the right diagnosis without examining you in person. Or your provider may need you to come in for a lab test. There may be problems with the technology, for example, if you lose the connection, there is a problem with the software, etc. Some insurance companies may not cover telehealth visits What types of care can I get using telehealth? The types of care that you can get using telehealth may include General health care, like wellness visits Prescriptions for medicine Dermatology (skin care) Mental health counseling Urgent care conditions, such as sinusitis, urinary tract infections, common rashes, etc. Benefits and Potential Uses of Telehealth Telehealth services can facilitate public health mitigation strategies during this pandemic by increasing social distancing. These services can be a safer option for HCP and patients by reducing potential infectious exposures. They can reduce the strain on healthcare systems by minimizing the surge of patient demand on facilities and reduce the use of PPE by healthcare providers. Maintaining continuity of care to the extent possible can avoid additional negative consequences from delayed preventive, chronic, or routine care. Remote access to healthcare services may increase participation for those who are medically or socially vulnerable or who do not have ready access to providers. Remote access can also help preserve the patient-provider relationship at times when an in-person visit is not practical or feasible. Telehealth services can be used to: Access primary care providers and specialists, including mental and behavioral health, for chronic health conditions and medication management Provide coaching and support for patients managing chronic health conditions, including weight management and nutrition counseling Participate in physical therapy, occupational therapy, and other modalities as a hybrid approach to in-person care for optimal health Monitor clinical signs of certain chronic medical conditions (e.g., blood pressure, blood glucose, other remote assessments) Engage in case management for patients who have difficulty accessing care (e.g., those who live in very rural settings, older adults, those with limited mobility) Deliver advance care planning and counseling to patients and caregivers to document preferences if a life-threatening event or medical crisis occurs Provide non-emergent care to residents in long-term care facilities Provide education and training for HCP through peer-to-peer professional medical consultations (inpatient or outpatient) that are not locally available, particularly in rural areas Follow up with patients after hospitalization

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Digitising the Dairy Production Chain Digitalising steps of the early dairy production chain to improve forage production, feed mixture and management, stable operations and resource efficiency. The European dairy sector is currently undergoing a progressive modernisation process, in which digital technologies are becoming increasingly important. Hence, this Flagship Innovation Experiment (FIE) aims to digitise different steps of the early dairy production chain by improving the forage production, feed mixtures and management, stable operations and general resource planning. To boost the sector to become more cost-efficient and sustainable, the benefits of previously underutilised data, as well as digital technologies, are exploited. This, however, requires a smart use and integration of multiple data sources, models and analytics while incorporating vital knowledge and expertise. Increasing the sustainability of the production processes whilst at the same time improving the profitability of dairy farms with high health and welfare standards is an essential part of this FIE’s services offering to farmers and their cooperatives. The inherent improvement in the monitoring and management operations and conditions in dairy cattle farms results in more efficient use of natural resources, and thus contributes to an overhaul of the European agricultural sector. Smart mixer that allows the optimization of the mix of forages for a better dairy yield from beef The FIE operated in the Granxa Campus Terra Experimental Farm and two maize crop plots located on CIAM experimental farm. The study was carried out for crops, as maize crops, in several small plot trials located on CIAM experimental farm. Relevant environmental, soil and aerial data were collected from different sources. Aerial data was collected from drones. The data was then processed in order to build algorithms for the prediction of crop production and quality based on multispectral images obtained in the critical stages of the development of summer crops, mainly corn. A decision-making system to optimize organic fertilization of forage for dairy production has been developed, with very high performance. Two classifications were taken into account in order to offer farmers the possibility to maximize production or maximize crude protein based on their needs. It is viable to train the decision-making system using only field measurements that are supposed to be gathered by farmers every year. There is no need to use data gathered from drone flights, so the cost for the farm is considerably reduced. One of the main challenge encountered was data harmonization. It has been a challenge of to harmonize the different files, in order to build strong databases for the partners that applied AI in their developments.

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https://www.smartagrihubs.eu/flagship-innovation-experiment/23-FIE-digitising-dairy-production-chain

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The human body consist of several organs. Each organ has their function inside the human system. Similarly, the human abdominal cavity is composed of several organs. A thin tissue covers these organs – like or skin – like the membranous cover that is also known as the peritoneum. This membrane forms the key to providing the necessary support to the abdominal cavity. In addition to this, the membrane functions as a channel for the nerves, lymph and blood vessels. The organs that are present within the inner layer of the peritoneum is referred to as intraperitoneal organs. It is of utmost importance to be aware of the functions of these organs in the human body. What is a peritoneum? The peritoneum could be defined as the form of lining that covers the abdominal organs. Most of the organs that are covered by the peritoneum are known as intraperitoneal organs. The peritoneum is composed of a layer formed from mesothelium and is supported by the means of a thin connective tissue. In addition to the above, the peritoneum is also responsible for developing the key support of the abdominal organs. It also is a channel for the nerves, lymph and blood vessels. Sometimes, people tend to confuse the abdominal cavity with the intraperitoneal space. In addition to the above – mentioned functions, the peritoneum is responsible for secretion of a fluid. This particular fluid fills up the abdominal cavity, and a perfect environment is formed with the presence of protein and nutrients. The fluid has lubricating qualities and helps the slight movements of the abdominal organs. The family of intraperitoneal organs The mammals ideally have three main cavities. These cavities could be classified as follows – Out of the above, the peritoneal cavity is composed of several sacs. The peritoneum consists of a bigger form of the sac that have the infra and the supra colic components. These compartments have the capacity to carry the organs. There is the various form of organs present inside the lining of the peritoneum. Some of the peritoneal organs could be listed as follows – The first five cms of the duodenum The upper third part of the rectum Also, the other types of peritoneal organs are as follows – Tail of the Pancreas However, it is interesting to know the difference between the male and female peritoneal system. The peritoneal cavity of the males is said to be closed. The peritoneal cavity of the females can communicate with the reproductive organs and is said to be open. This might be the reason the uterus, ovaries, gonadal blood vessels and the fallopian tubes are present inside the peritoneal inner part. However, it is crucial to know the fundamental difference between the abdominal cavity and the intraperitoneal space. The intraperitoneal space is inside the cavity, and an example of such an organ in the human system could be the kidneys. The fluid that is secreted by the peritoneal is said to be yellow in color and has lubricating qualities. The fluid is assumed to having several antibodies, leukocytes, etc. The quantity of the fluid may increase during the liver diseases. The accumulation of the excess of peritoneal fluid may cause ascites. Human beings are said to be prone to the cancer of the peritoneum and is called mesothelioma. The presence of carcinogens in the peritoneum may have the following symptoms – Weight lose or gain In addition to the above, there are other peritoneal organs as well. These organs could be classified as – The ascending colon Middle third of the rectum The Mnemonic of the Intraperitoneal organs The typical mnemonic of the intraperitoneal organs is called the SALTD SPRSS and could be pronounced as “Salted Spurss”. The mnemonic is as follows – S – Stomach A – Appendix L – Liver T – Transverse Colon D – Duodenum (the first five cms and the 4th part) S – Small Intestines (cecum, ileum and jejunum) P – Tail of the Pancreas R – Rectum upper third part S – The sigmoid colon S – Spleen

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Climate engineering to promote visitor comfort at the world’s tallest temple The Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir, located in the area where Hindus believe the deity Krishna spent his youth, will be the tallest temple in the world upon its completion in 2020. The temple’s central tower will reach a height of 689 feet, and its base will cover 5.5 acres of the 62-acre plot on which it is situated. Outdoor space is central to the designers’ vision for the site, in part because Vrindavan’s forests and groves are considered to be places where Krishna engaged in outdoor pastimes in his early life. The temple’s designers face two notable challenges. The first centres on the safety and performance of the building itself. As tall as a 70-storey building, the structure must be designed to withstand both wind and seismic activity. The second key challenge relates to visitor comfort inside the temple and on its large surrounding terrace and grounds. Vrindavan’s average daily temperatures can exceed 40 degrees Celsius. The project team turned to us for specialized climate engineering expertise to help them design for the safety and comfort of temple visitors. Our climate and meteorology specialists began by conducting in-depth statistical analysis of local climate data. We distilled large volumes of information--including years of wind data from Indira Gandhi International Airport, dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation information--into a clear, meaningful portrait of the area’s conditions at various times of day throughout the year. We used this portrait to analyze the conditions that could be expected throughout the complex itself given its specific configuration, as well as the natural and built environment that surround it. The next step was to consider how people would actually experience these conditions. The design of a public space must recognize the complex interplay of variables that affect people’s comfort--from objective climatic conditions to people’s clothing, expectations, level of exertion and individual physiology. At RWDI we use a robust, survey-based metric for human comfort that integrates a large range of variables. This approach produces an overall measure that can be used to inform and assess the design of outdoor spaces. We combine our meteorological analysis with the use of this metric to help designers shape environments that create the most comfortable conditions possible for the largest number of people. Based on our analysis, we were able to isolate specific times and locations at which temple visitors faced an increased risk of discomfort. We offered a number of recommendations that could be adopted individually or together to mitigate these risks, keeping visitors as comfortable as possible in all seasons. These included: - The creation of trellises wrapped with lush vegetation along the skywalk leading from the parking area to the temple. This feature provides shade and adds to visitors’ sense of welcome. - The installation of grass turf along the terrace surrounding the temple to give visitors a cool, soft surface to walk on. - The addition of extra ponds and fountains along the terrace. - The incorporation of a system to let water flow among the various water features in ways that maximize cooling effects for visitors--for instance, under the terrace floor to reduce the temperature underfoot for barefoot visitors, and along walkways to offer evaporative cooling. In addition to this thermal comfort work, we supported the design of the temple itself by providing comprehensive wind tunnel studies for both its structure and its exterior envelope. The Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir remains under construction. The design team has welcomed our analysis and continues to work toward the completion of a project that will bring increased attention and traffic to a site that has long held a special place for Hindus in India and around the world.

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https://rwdi.com/en_ca/projects/vrindavan-chandrodaya-mandir/

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Hearing loss and dementia are two separate problems that are often associated with aging, and they actually share a bigger connection than many people realize. Although people can - and frequently do - have dementia without hearing loss, research shows that hearing loss can definitely contribute to a person's mental decline. Many cases of dementia in the elderly are irreversible, but cases that are tied to hearing loss can be slowed down with the right hearing aid. What constitutes the "right" hearing aid will vary from one person to the next, but an audiologist can help determine the degree of hearing loss and prescribe the hearing solution that works best for their unique situation. The Dementia and Hearing Loss Connection The prevalence of hearing loss doubles for every decade of a person's life, and it's too often treated as an inevitability in the elderly. Since dementia can be caused by any number of things, any connection it had with hearing loss was frequently ignored by doctors. That attitude seems to be changing now that research shows that as much as 36 percent of dementia risk can be attributed to hearing loss. The connection between hearing loss and dementia is technically not difficult to discern. People use their hearing to interact with the world around them, often more than they use any of their other senses. An elderly person who is retired and may not spend a lot of time out with others might already start to be socially withdrawn. When that is combined with the inability to hear someone in conversation, listen to music or do anything else that would stimulate them mentally, it often worsens signs of dementia. Things can also be difficult for those who remain socially active while living with hearing loss. When everything you hear sounds garbled and is difficult to understand, you have to concentrate harder on what you are hearing. For those who have the beginnings of dementia, this can overtax the brain. How the Oticon Opn Can Help Since hearing loss is more closely tied to dementia than people realize, the powerful features in the Oticon Opn can reduce the risk of dementia. Using the Opn can help the user be more aware of their surroundings, communicate much more easily with others and reduce the strain that comes with trying to follow a conversation. Hearing loss may not be the main cause for dementia, but it can certainly contribute to a person's mental decline. If you have a loved one who is showing signs of dementia, have them consult with a doctor about their hearing. Providing them with the right hearing aid could be what they need to remain active, aware and alert as they age.

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Pill ingredient could prevent brain damage after head injury A common component of the contraceptive pill (progesterone) could improve the neurologic outcome for patients with severe head injuries, according to a study published in BioMed Central’s open access journal Critical Care. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), such as that caused by traffic accidents, falls and sporting injuries, is a major cause of death and disability. A number of ‘neuroprotective’ drugs have been shown to prevent nerve-cell death in animal models of traumatic brain injury, but these findings have not been translated into trials involving people with head injuries. Progesterone is a female hormone used in the oral contraceptive pill. Preliminary animal and human studies suggest that progesterone could be a useful and safe way to treat acute severe traumatic brain injury, but its neuroprotective effects are unclear. Now, Chinese researchers have shown that progesterone can improve the neurologic outcome of patients with this kind of brain injury for up to six months. A research team from Hangzhou Normal University and Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, supervised by Professor Weiqi Yan, studied 159 patients with acute traumatic brain injury admitted to a single hospital. In this randomized, double-blinded trial approximately half the patients received progesterone and the other half placebo for five days after brain injury. “Although previous studies in animal suggest that progesterone may mitigate the severity of brain damage, there is no information about therapeutic benefit of post-TBI progesterone injections in the patients with severe brain trauma” said Professor Yan. “Our work was to determine if progesterone improve chances for recovery in patients with severe injuries in a longer-term”. Patient outcomes were classified either as favourable (good recovery or moderate disability) or unfavourable (severe disability, vegetative state or death). Neurological outcomes were measured using the Glasgow Outcome Scale, a medical system for evaluating the functional outcome of patients. At both three and six months after treatment, significantly more patients given progesterone had favourable outcomes compared to patients given placebo. Progesterone was also linked to increased survival at six months. No complications or adverse events were seen in the patients given progesterone. "We found encouraging evidence that progesterone may significantly improve 6-month neurologic outcome of the patients who were enrolled with acute severe TBI” according to lead author, Dr Giomin Xiao. “Our results provide information important for further multicenter clinical trials on progesterone as a promising neuroprotective drug”. Source: BioMed Central

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Outcome based-model of agriculture : Fact or Fiction Recently in an interview, Liam Condon, President of Bayer Crop Science division, mentioned that they are looking towards futuristic agriculture model where the focus, at least for them, would be the outcome based model. Elaborating on this, he said that “We want to create an outcome-based model. Instead of selling inputs, ultimately, we would sell a weed-free field, disease-free field, or a yield guarantee by selling a prescription for how to get there. If the outcome didn’t happen, then we would compensate the farmer.” Today the idea of outcome-based model is similar to the idea of online retail stores for daily use items like clothes, electronics, groceries etc. in 80s and 90s of the twentieth century. People never believed that online stores were possible. However, once the right technologies became available to the general public at affordable costs, online retailing became a norm, and today almost everything under the sun can be ordered online with established service providers stores like Amazon, eBay, Flipkart etc. Likewise, the outcome-based model may seem too good to be true today, it’s not impossible to achieve, if we take a closer look at the directions global agriculture has been moving in the last three decades. Some of the following are being practiced even today and are the steps in the direction to an outcome-based modelthat would be be beneficial to all stakeholders involved - Use of targeted trait integration in seeds, - Use of precision tools for stress identification, - Soil health assessment and management, - Crop specific advisory for sowing of specific hybrids on a specific patch of land, - Well-planned sowings based on weather forecast, - Continuous monitoring of crops using scientific methods,and - Crop and disease management. If such a model for agriculture were to be developed and implemented, precision technologies coupled with big data analytics will play a critical role to make this successful. The farmers, whether from a developing or developed country, are convinced that efficiency is the key to any farming activity and they are willing to invest in technologies that will lead to efficient agriculture with increased profitability. The advent and evolution of precision technologies like sensors, imaging, drones and several other technological advancementsare leadingthe digital transformation of agriculture. However, the single deciding factor about for managing farm operations in future will be the way Big Data is utilized and hasten the delivery of outcome-based agriculture servicesto the farmers. This will be more important as the available arable land is expected to decline over a period of time and global population increases. To achieve these goals, agricultural outcomes need to be optimized. The operations using precision agriculture will lead to the realization that Big Data helps in improving the yields and outcomes for farmers and stakeholders in the food chain. Some service providers have already begun to bundle smart digital farming insights and improvements to deliver products and services for precise and integrated agricultural solutions. Some examples are Climate Corporations’ the “Climate Field View”, various applications under “Precision Ag” by John Deere etc. The applications like these coupled with security of insurance for the farmers are optimizing outcomes based on farmer’s individual requirements. Initially such services will be focused on the farmers.The scopeof services is expected to widen when the supply chain gets digitized. The success will be further boosted by artificial intelligence based on Big Data supported by precision tools that can predict demands of particular commodities optimizing the usage of limited storage and production space as required. With the technological advancements happening globally at break-neck speed, though more so in developed countries, their benefits and reach will not be limited to farming communities in few countries. The globally connected agriculture is benefited by the presence of MNCs in different countries which coupled with trickling down effect of advanced technologies will ensure the advent and success of outcome-based model of agriculture sooner than later. AVP in Life Sciences Advisory Group

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https://blog.sathguru.com/agribusiness/outcome-based-model-of-agriculture-fact-or-fiction/

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Bit by bit, byte by byte, artificial intelligence has been working its way into public consciousness and into everyday computer use. High-profile computer victories over human competitors such as IBM’s Watson’s victory on Jeopardy! and Deep Blue’s defeat of chess champion Garry Kasparov are for the history books. Artificial intelligence and deep learning have been deeply woven into more and more aspects of end-user computing. Smartphones and other mobile devices use AI as well. Up until now, the artificial intelligence work has been done in the cloud, but a new approach to software design aims to arm mobile devices with real artificial-intelligence capability. “A mobile device is very resource-constrained,” explained William & Mary computer scientist Bin Ren. “Its CPU and GPU are much smaller than the ones that can be accessed by the cloud.” Ren is a member of a collaboration that has developed a software framework that they call CoCoPIE. Ren explains that tablets, smartphones and internet-of-things devices such as smart thermostats that run software enriched with CoCoPIE can use real-time AI applications without extensive hardware modifications of the devices. Ren is an assistant professor in William & Mary’s Department of Computer Science. Other members of the CoCoPIE collaboration are Yanzhi Wang of Northeastern University, Xipeng Shen of North Carolina State University and Shaoshan Liu of PerceptIn Inc. Jason McDevitt, William & Mary’s director of technology transfer, says CoCoPIE has excellent commercial potential. The university, in partnership with Northeastern, has a group of patents pending on CoCoPIE technology. Ren explains that CoCoPIE works on the principle of co-design, hitching the functions of compression and compiler together to create artificial-intelligence capability. He teaches courses in compiling, which essentially is a translation from a human-written programming language into binary code. The CoCo, or compression/compiling concept, is simple in theory, Ren explained, but a challenge to make happen. “We designed a novel compression technique, for one thing,” he said. “It’s a pruning technique, and our work requires pattern-based pruning. The compiler cannot benefit from patterns by default, but we figured out a way to make them work together.” The collaborators tried out their software-only AI approach on an off-the-shelf Samsung Galaxy S10 smartphone. They ran a battery of image-enhancement tests against other software deep neural network acceleration frameworks and hardware solutions. Ren said they found CoCoPIE outperformed all of these solutions in terms of speed and power efficiency, for the first time achieving real-time deep neural network execution on mobile devices. The tests involved manipulation of a set of images that were subjected to manipulations common among users of smartphone users — colorization, style transfer and sharpening through digital super resolution. Ren says the idea isn’t just to benefit casual phone camera users. For one thing, he said native AI in mobile and IoT devices could help police identify and apprehend perpetrators of crimes.“And there’s the bandwidth,” he said. “AI on mobile devices will save a lot of bandwidth.”

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https://www.wm.edu/news/stories/2020/cocopie-a-software-solution-for-putting-real-artificial-intelligence-in-smaller-spaces.php

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Discuss social class in Madame Bovary. Is Emma a sophisticated aristocrat born by mistake into a bourgeois prison, or is she simply a middle-class girl obsessed with a richer life? In the world of the novel, are these distinctions meaningful? Class distinctions mean everything in the world of Madame Bovary, especially to its heroine. Flaubert makes it clear that Emma is strictly middle-class by providing contrasts to her station in life. Rodolphe and the guests at the Marquis d’Andervilliers’s ball represent the wealthy and noble. Emma’s wet nurse, Hippolyte, and the blind beggar represent the poor. Emma is frequently conscious of both those above her station and those below it, and her opinions of those people provide a way of understanding her social station. One of the truly refined characters in the novel is the Marquis d’Andervilliers. When the Marquis invites her to his ball, it is because he knows that she is well--mannered and will not embarrass him. This might be taken as a sign that she really is a sophisticated woman whom circumstance has forced to live a middle-class life. On the other hand, her love for the opera, a genre that is considered by the well-educated to be ridiculous, is a sign that her tastes are coarse. Later, when she has to degrade herself and bargain mercilessly to raise money, her identity as a peasant manifests itself. Flaubert suggests that Emma can’t escape her peasant roots, saying that her farm-bred nature reveals itself no matter how sophisticated she tries to appear. What role does fate play in Emma’s downfall? To what degree does she have power over her own destiny? Rodolphe, in his letter breaking off the affair with Emma, claims that “fate is to blame”; later, when Charles meets Rodolphe after Emma’s death, he, too, rationalizes that “fate willed it this way.” In a sense, they are right. Fate, chance, or, more precisely, matters of social and economic class, certainly do play a role. After all, it is not a function of Emma’s will that she was born into a middle-class family; nor is it her fault that her lovers abandon her. It is even possible that her romantic, idealistic nature is a result of fate, and that Emma can’t control her actions because she can’t control her own identity or her natural inclinations. But there are two other factors that contribute to Emma’s downfall. The first is Emma herself—an agent making her own decisions. Emma chooses to marry Charles, she chooses to take lovers, and she chooses to borrow money from Lheureux. She also chooses to commit suicide, proving in a final act that she has power—if only a negative destructive power—over her own life. The second factor that contributes to Emma’s downfall is the men around her. Charles’s inability to satisfy her creates a real trap for Emma in combination with Rodolphe’s jaded heartlessness and Lheureux’s greedy scheming. Although she makes her own choices, these men severely limit the options she has at her disposal. Charles and Rodolphe’s claim that blaming fate is too easy an excuse, both for Emma and for themselves. Compare and contrast Charles and Rodolphe. What are their attitudes about love? How does each respond to Emma? On the surface, Charles and Rodolphe could not be more different. Charles has terrible table manners; Rodolphe is gentlemanly and refined. When Charles declares his love for Emma, he does so awkwardly. He is too shy to speak to her himself, so he talks to her father—but even then he can’t articulate his request, and Rouault has to prompt him. When Rodolphe, on the other hand, declares his love, he goes on and on in a flowery speech that he delivers in person. The depth of love conveyed by these two very different confessions is also opposite. Rodolphe has no real love for Emma; to him, she is just a plaything. In contrast, Charles loves her deeply, thinks of her constantly, and forgives her no matter what she does. Despite their many differences, however, Rodolphe and Charles have one thing in common: they both fall in love with Emma for her physical beauty. Each time we see Emma through their eyes, it is her looks that move them. Even Charles, who truly loves Emma, never looks more deeply than her daily movements around the house: he loves to watch her play the piano or do her embroidery.

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Food and dining were integral to social life in the eighteenth century, particularly among the upper class. The gentry demonstrated their wealth and status through the table spread, and multi-course meals could last hours. The most valued cooks in the colony were formally trained in Europe and worked for the royal governor. These “principal cooks” prepared cuisine with a distinctive French influence that was popular in England at the time. Gentry cooks were highly skilled and prized slaves who prepared more traditional English dishes. Unlike the cuisine of the elites, the diets of the middle and lower classes were not extravagant. Though middle class Virginians often followed the entertaining style of the gentry, they often relied on the mistress of the house to cook, and their meals were far less refined and varied, while poor households served one-pot meals. Cookbooks and kitchen inventories provide the most detail about food and dining practices among the gentry. Many ingredients in colonial cooking are similar those used today, including meats, fish, vegetables, baked goods, coffee, tea, and chocolate. However, tastes, customs, and practical limitations dictated very different cooking methods and expectations. Fresh fruits and vegetables were not available year-round, and were never eaten raw. Meats could survive long-term preservation from salting or smoking, but could not last short-term. Meat dishes were served at dinner, the largest meal of the day, which took place mid-afternoon, and the leftovers were consumed at supper and breakfast the following day. The gentry diet was heavy on greasy meats, light on bread, and liberal in spices and sweeteners, including sugar, cinnamon, and nutmeg. Sweet wines and alcoholic punches were preferred to dry wine and alcohol-infused desserts were common. As dining was an elaborate ritual for elites, food preparation required a great amount of work. Though slaves performed most of the cooking, mistresses of prominent households rationed food to their cooks and planned meals. With help from slaves, gentry women cared for their own gardens and supervised work in kitchens, dairies, smokehouses, and butchery. The vast material wealth acquired by the eighteenth century awarded greater comfort to gentry women, but also demanded more labor and oversight, especially in preparing extravagant ritual feasts. Creating daily menus and managing food preparation left little time for leisure. And as prominent households acquired more slaves, matrons had more tasks to manage. Besides administering the daily operations of the estate, gentry women cared for their luxury items, such as fine silks, carpets, and silver, raised their children with help from slaves, and provided medical care to their expanding families and laborers. Gentry daughters, meanwhile, spent their time reading, sewing, playing music, and socializing, while their brothers received a formal education. Women on small farms performed much of the same work as did slaves of the gentry, but on a smaller scale. They spun wool, cooked, and cleaned. Urban women made hats and dresses, served as midwives, and some as “doctoresses,” though medical work typically was considered a duty rather than a profession. Wives of craftsmen often learned specialized skills from their husbands and could work from home while attending to their children and other responsibilities. Although the range and scope of women’s chores varied along social and economic lines, women in colonial Virginia shared many common tasks that involved preparing and cooking food, running households, and providing medical care both within and outside the home. Cookbooks became valuable guides to fulfilling domestic and social obligations, and reveal the necessary role of women in the social makeup and daily progression of colonial life. "THE PRUDENT HOUSEWIFE: OR, COMPLETE ENGLISH COOK FOR TOWN AND COUNTRY" In 1750, "The Prudent Housewife: or, Complete English Cook for town and country" was published. Colonial cookbooks contained more than just food recipes? They included home remedies for medical problems, as well as instructions on how to manage households and navigate daily chores. Cookbooks were passed to friends and daughters, transmitting culinary and housekeeping techniques and customs through generations of women. They are valuable sources of social history, revealing much about the dining practices and lifestyles that helped create a distinct cuisine and culture in eighteenth-century Virginia.

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Deep Teeth Cleaning The initial stage of treatment for periodontal disease is usually a thorough cleaning that may include scaling and root planing. The objective of these non-surgical procedures is to remove etiologic agents such as dental plaque and calculus (tartar) which cause gingival inflammation and disease. Scaling and root planing can be used as a stand-alone treatment or a preventative measure. It is commonly performed on cases of gingivitis and moderate to severe periodontal disease. What Does the Procedure Entail? Dr. Kruth, Dr. Hertz or Dr. Miller, along with their dental hygienists, will only perform scaling and root planing after a thorough examination of the mouth, which may include taking x-rays and visually examining the mouth. Depending on the condition of the gums, the amount of tartar present, the depth of the pockets, and the progression of periodontitis, Drs. Kruth, Hertz or Miller may recommend scaling and root planing. In some cases, a local anesthetic may be used during the procedure. When scaling is performed, calculus and plaque that attaches to the tooth surface is removed. The process especially targets the area below the gum line, along the root. Scaling is performed with a special dental instrument called an ultrasonic scaler. The scaling instrument usually includes an irrigation process that can be used to deliver an antimicrobial agent below the gums to help reduce oral bacteria. Root planing is performed in order to remove cementum and surface dentin that is embedded with unwanted microorganisms, toxins and tartar. The root of the tooth is literally smoothed, which promotes healing, and also helps prevent bacteria from easily colonizing in the future. Antibiotics or irrigation with antimicrobials (chemical agents or mouth rinses) may be recommended to help control the growth of bacteria that create toxins and cause periodontitis. In some cases, Drs. Kruth, Hertz or Miller may place antibiotic fibers in the periodontal pockets after scaling and planing. This may be done to control infection and to encourage normal healing. When deep pockets between teeth and gums are present, it is difficult for Drs. Kruth, Hertz or Miller to thoroughly remove plaque and tartar. Patients can seldom, if ever, keep these pockets clean and free of plaque. Consequently, gum surgery may be needed to restore periodontal health. Benefits of Treatment If treatment is successful, scaling and root planing may have many periodontal benefits. One benefit is that treatment, along with diligent home care, can help prevent disease. Research has proven that bacteria from periodontal infections can travel through the blood stream and affect other areas of the body, sometimes causing heart and respiratory diseases. Scaling and root planing remove bacteria that cause these conditions. Another benefit of treatment is protecting teeth against tooth loss. When gum pockets exceed 3mm in depth, the risk for periodontal disease increases. As pockets deepen, more bacteria is able to colonize the site. Eventually, this causes a chronic inflammatory response by the body which destroys gum and bone tissue. This leads to tooth loss. Finally, scaling and root planing may make the mouth more aesthetically pleasing and should reduce bad breath caused from food particles and bacteria in the oral cavity. Superficial stains on the teeth will be removed during scaling and planing, adding an extra bonus to the procedures.

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Although it is true that the majority of survival situations tend to be short and less than serious, it just takes one mistake to need the correct knowledge. During such short emergencies, the instant need for shelter and water is unbearable; knowing that you know how to find food in the wilderness, however, will serve to comfort you no matter how short a while you are lost. In the wild, you will come across some simple various kinds of foods for survival. Knowing which kind to use highly depends on your location, as well as your available survival kit. Wild berries would be the first food group that you will encounter. They also happen to be the easiest and simplest foods to find. If it is the right season, you may even come across various different selections of berries that you can choose from. Just keep in mind that if it tastes or looks like a blueberry, raspberry or strawberry, it probably is one. To be safe, the majority of other berries you may come across should be identifiable at sight, such as bearberries, blackberries, bunchberries, cranberries, June berries, rose hips, thimbleberries, wild cherries and wintergreen berries. The next group of foods for survival would be those that come from bodies of water, like fish. Any freshwater fish is practically safe and edible. With a little bit of practice, it would be possible to catch fish with just bare hands, though this won’t happen in a lot of cases. Patiently wait as fish swim by and then quickly pin them to the water’s bottom with just your hands. Fish can also be chased into shallower water pools, so you can trap those there. If, however, you have a fishing kit handy, you can use grasshoppers or worms as bait to catch fish. Birds are another source for wilderness survival food. It is highly unlikely that you will capture or kill a bird without a gun. However, some birds nest on the ground, so if you have good aim, you can kill them with well-aimed rocks while they nest. Their eggs would also be a good source of survival food. While bigger animals are common in the wilderness, it is highly unlikely that you will get any of them without proper weapons. Any mammal is very hard to kill without the help of some kind of gun. Don’t even attempt to make use of self-made spears or whatever primitive weapon you have to get animals for dinner. You are not in a Rambo film, so don’t even waste your energy and time trying. The key point would simply be locating food in case you find yourself in a certain survival situation.

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iGrow-Tools For The Three Weeks–Derech Mitzvotecha-Loving Others Rav Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the Tzemach Tzedek, third Lubavitcher Rebbe: The statement of Hillel, “What is hateful to you, do not do to your neighbor,” requires explanation. Why did Hillel formulate the commandment, “Love your neighbor as yourself,” negatively, instead of the positive way it appears in the verse? The answer is that Hillel’s words are a deeper explanation of the mitzvah to love one’s neighbor. The principle that a person does not see his own faults does not mean that he is totally unaware of his faults. On the contrary, a person can see and understand the depths of his inferiority better than anyone else, for another person can view him only with his eyes, whereas he sees into his own heart. What it means, rather, is that his family does not occupy his attention to any great extent, and it is as if it did not exist at all, because of the great love with which he loves himself. “Love covers all transgressions (Proverbs 10:12).” This self love covers all the faults of which he is aware, thus not permitting his knowledge to exercise him emotionally. That is why his knowledge of his own faults does not occupy a place of prominence in his mind; he is insensitive to his own faults because they are overwhelmed and suppressed by his great love for himself, which “covers all transgressions” and encloses him. When another person sees and understands his fault, this angers him greatly, even though he knows that it is true, because the friend acknowledges this weakness as substantial and worthy of note, whereas what he himself recognizes in himself is covered up by his love for himself. His ire is directed at his friend for exposing his fault, ignoring the love which covered it up thus making it virtually invisible, and now it appears real and significant. This is what is meant by “what is hateful to you,” this exposure, which is hateful to you, do not do to your friend. Do not “see” his faults and transgressions, whether social in nature or between man and God, and thus turn them into hard realities. Instead, let your love for him it be so great that it “covers all transgressions” and does not permit them to emerge from abstract knowledge to attention-getting reality. He must be as one who is possessed of great and wondrous longing for his friend, which issues from the very depths of his soul, such that any evil he may have done to him despite the love he bore him means nothing to him and is nullified in the presence of the great love that he has for him. (Derech Mitzvotecha; 29a)

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5e Lesson Plan Science – When I began teaching, my first task was to compose lesson plans. I believed it was extremely crucial to compose lesson plans, at least to start with, so that I had a source of information that I could refer to when the time came to apply points that were shown in course. When mentor young youngsters, having a lesson plan is one of the most useful possessions that you can have. Sometimes we as educators or as moms and dads feel like we are too hectic to show our children something when they require aid. These little life lessons are such an vital part of having healthy relationships with our children that all of us have a tendency to ignore them up until they have actually required us. That is where lesson plans come in. When things obtain harsh, they can be your overview. I would recommend that you begin writing up lesson plans as quickly as you get involved in teaching because you never ever recognize when the pupil will certainly come back in tears and also crying because something in the class went wrong. When the students leave the class, that is why I constantly advise that parents start showing by placing with each other lesson plans and also going back as well as assessing some of those lesson plans. When you have actually chosen a particular lesson plan, you can head out and also try to find a mentor assistant or somebody that can create a couple of papers on exactly how to apply that certain lesson plan. If you are showing preschoolers, you ought to be able to locate a good aide for simply a number of hours each week. I have had the ability to locate some excellent teaching assistants that have simply a handful of hrs per week devoted to composing lesson plans. Your assistants can assist you in a number of methods regards to the writing of your lesson plans. They can additionally aid you with other activities such as selecting which product requires to be covered as well as where the classroom that product requires to be covered. Their aid can likewise be a significant asset to you. I can not stress sufficient exactly how useful lesson plans are to our lives as educators. It is extremely easy to become as well involved in assisting the students find out. Even though you might really feel that you are doing a great job at what you are doing, there is always area for renovation. A lot of the moment, we are so concerned with teaching the particular pupil what they require to recognize that we lose out on the many other aspects of life that we must be regarding to. I really feel that lesson plans are extremely crucial for teachers due to the fact that it offers us a place to start as well as develop the curriculum around a specific concept. When I have inquiries concerning points that are related to the student’s certain subject matter, I constantly consult my lesson plans. Begin today if you want to write lesson plans. There is no factor to wait until the following time that you can return and revise a lesson plan. You can simply begin currently.

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Dirty or clogged toilet pipes can cause your toilet to stop flushing properly and lead to expensive repair bills. You can save yourself the expense of a plumber by maintaining your pipes yourself. Regardless of your experience level, you can clean your toilet pipes using one of two different methods. A drain auger can be used to clean larger obstructions out of your pipes, and lye, or caustic soda, can be used to remove smaller debris for blockage prevention. Video of the Day Things You'll Need Using a Drain Auger Turn off the water to your toilet and flush it to remove any water from its rear tank. Remove the flange bolt covers located near the floor on the left and right side of the toilet. Use an adjustable wrench to remove the bolts holding the toilet in place. Place several towels around the base of the toilet and slowly lift the toilet up and off of the drain hole opening. Feed the auger tip into the drain hole opening while turning its handle in a clockwise direction. Continue feeding the auger tip through your pipes until you feel resistance. This indicates that you have reached debris in the pipe. Repeatedly work the auger backward and forward to chew through the blockage. Turn the knob of the drain auger in a counter-clockwise direction to remove it from the pipe. Pour a bucket full of hot water into the drain hole opening to help clear out any residual debris. Reinstall your toilet and secure it in place using the screws you removed earlier. Place the bolt covers over the bolts securing the toilet in place and turn the water to your toilet back on. Flush your toilet after the tank is full to ensure that the pipe is adequately cleaned and that the toilet seal is not leaking. Cleaning with Lye Put on a pair of gloves and safety goggles. Place 2 tbsp. of lye directly into your toilet and allow it to settle to the bottom of the bowl. Flush the toilet and wait for the bowl to completely empty and the tank to refill. Place an additional 2 tbsp. of lye into the toilet and allow it to settle to the bottom of the bowl. Flush the toilet and hold the handle down so that the bowl and tank are empty. Resume normal use of your toilet. Do not attempt to use a drain auger without removing the toilet. Running an auger through a toilet can damage the surface of the bowl and the toilet's internal pipe. A drain auger can also be used to clear total blockages in your toilet pipes. Do not allow the lye to come in contact with your skin. It is extremely caustic and can lead to chemical burns.

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In era of Supreme Court, nominations rule Since President Obama nominated federal Judge Merrick Garland in March to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court, much effort on both sides of the political aisle has gone into determining his ideological leanings and how he would prospectively rule on the hot-button issues of the day. However, some senators running for re-election such as Republican Ron Johnson of Wisconsin are hearing far more from those opposed to Garland than those supporting him. Why is this? There is an increasing “intensity gap” when it comes to voters’ opinions on which president, the current one or his successor, should get to nominate and fill the vacancy left by Justice Antonin Scalia’s passing. Most important of all, there has been a seismic shift in Americans’ view of the role of the court in our government. A recent Rasmussen Reports survey found that 81 percent of likely voters say “the selection of a new U.S. Supreme Court justice is important to their vote in November, with 60 percent who say it’s very important.” It was not always so. For most of our history, Supreme Court nominees were proposed by the president and confirmed by the Senate with relatively little fanfare. Occasional controversies flared up, but for the most part, the legal qualifications and jurisprudential approaches of nominees were not issues. For much of American history, the courts occupied the role ascribed to them by Alexander Hamilton, who observed that the judiciary “will always be the least dangerous to the political rights of the Constitution; because it will be least in a capacity to annoy or injure them.” It “can take no active resolution whatever. It may truly be said to have neither FORCE nor WILL, but merely judgment.” Yet over time, and especially since the 1960s, the Supreme Court began to be perceived as possessing a general power of ultimate constitutional interpretation, covering all people and trumping other branches of the federal government and the state governments. Other branches remained silent despite their duty to interpret independently the Constitution — a duty certainly intended by the Founders. This only fed the court’s outsized view of its authority. Over time, people gradually accepted this increasingly powerful role of the court despite its lacking constitutional sanction. The distorted role of the court has been exacerbated by distorted decisions of the court that have appropriated legal territory not prescribed by the Constitution. Decisions proclaiming new rights concerning controversial social issues, supposedly on the basis of “substantive due process” under the 14th Amendment, have at once taken issues out of the hands of voters while warping the text the court had been entrusted to interpret. This is what is upsetting voters such as Sen. Johnson’s constituents. For decades, such activist decisions by the court have disenfranchised millions of voters who feel they no longer have a voice in government. It is therefore easy to see why these same voters are concerned about Merrick Garland’s nomination. Conservatives and liberals alike know Supreme Court nominations are incredibly important in an era when the court has claimed an outsized role and activist bent. Social conservatives have reason to be wary about any nominee put forward by one of our nation’s most socially liberal presidents to date, who has not tempered his dogmatic advocacy of abortion, radical sexual autonomy, and dismissal of religious objections to his policies. When Planned Parenthood is even marginally supportive of a nominee, pro-life voters who want to see the horror wrought by Roe v. Wade recede should take note. All Americans, regardless of whether they are socially conservative or conservative in any sense have reason to be concerned with anyone reflecting President Obama’s judicial philosophy. Justices are called upon to interpret the Constitution, not make law. That is not a social pronouncement, nor is it a conservative or liberal issue. It is a constitutional issue. President Obama has not shown adherence to the limited role of the judiciary as reflected in our Constitution, and his nominees will only reinforce the bloated power the court has aggrandized to itself. This is why the Senate, under the leadership of Senate Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, and Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., has committed to refusing any hearings or any votes on Supreme Court nominees during this contentious presidential election year. Perhaps under the next president, Americans will see a nominee who pledges fidelity to the Constitution and has the track record to support it. Travis Weber is director of the Center for Religious Liberty at the Family Research Council in Washington. He wrote this for InsideSources.com.

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Hallelujah! What a Savior Author & Composer – Philip P. Bliss, 1838 – 1876 Written in 1876 He was despised and forsaken of men, a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief;…He was despised, and we did not esteem Him. Isaiah 53:3 Philip P. Bliss was born in Clearfield County in Pennsylvania in 1838. He left home as a young boy to make a living by working on farms and in lumber camps, all while trying to continue his schooling. He was converted at a revival meeting at age twelve. Bliss became an itinerant music teacher in 1860, sometimes traveling on horseback, while continuing his studies at the Normal Academy of Music in Genesco, NY. He worked for four years as a staff composer and editor of gospel song collections. His first song was published in 1864. His career direction became clearer in 1868 when he and his wife Lucy became associated with Chicago evangelist Dwight L. Moody who encouraged both of them to become evangelistic singers as members of Moody’s revival singing team. Bliss and Moody’s famous musician, Ira D. Sankey published a popular series of hymn collections in 1875 and 1876. For the last two years of his life Bliss traveled with Major D. W. Whittle and led the music at revival meetings in the Midwest and Southern United States. “Hallelujah, What a Savior” is one of the most enduring of the songs produced by Bliss. It is said that the word “hallelujah” is basically the same in all languages. He uses the word to tie the cross with the triumph of the risen and reigning Lord. The first four verses tell the crucifixion story, that Jesus, the “spotless Lamb of God” stood condemned in our place. He took on our sins, the “guilty, vile and helpless.”. Completing each stanza, is the response of praise, “Hallelujah, what a Savior!” The last stanza “When He comes…” is in an entirely different mood, joyful and triumphant in its anticipation of the praise that will continue throughout eternity. Ira D. Sankey provides the following account of the composition of this hymn: Written in 1876, shortly before his death, this was the last hymn I heard Mr. Bliss sing. It was at a meeting in the Farwell Hall in Chicago, conducted by the English evangelist, Henry Moorhouse. A few weeks before his death Mr. Bliss visited the State prison at Jackson, Michigan, conducting a service for the 800 inmates. After a very touching address on “The Man of Sorrows,” he sang this hymn with great effect. Many of the prisoners dated their conversion from that day. Bliss and his wife died in a train crash near Ashtabula, Ohio in December,1876, en route to sing for a revival led by evangelist Daniel Webster Whittle in Chicago at the Moody Tabernacle. Bliss was a prolific writer of gospel songs throughout his brief lifetime. His songs are strong in emotional appeal with tunes that are easily learned and sung. Other hymns by Bliss include “Jesus Loves Even Me” and “I Gave My Life for Thee.” He also composed the tune for “It Is Well With My Soul.” (Hymn of the Month January 2016) Taken from Amazing Grace: 366 Inspiring Hymn Stories for Daily Devotions Copyright © 1990, 2002 by Kregel Publications, Grand Rapids, MI. Used by permission. All rights reserved Used by permission from “History of Hymns” by Dr. C. Michael Hawn, Director of the Sacred Music Program and Distinguished Professor, Perkins School of Theology, Southern Methodist University.

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Jesus said in Matthew 18:6-7, “But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about is neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea.” The following is taken from : “Trends, Risks and Interventions in Lethal Violence: Proceedings of the 3rd annual spring symposium of the Homicide Research Working Group. Washington DC: National Institute of Justice (1994).” The connection between parenting and violent behavior carries a critical message: parenting is important. The way we treat our children can have devastating repercussions for them, for us, and for society at large. Violence is an expensive enterprise that erodes the very foundation of society. Part of that expense lies in the fact that children who become violent are prone toward poor health, drug abuse, marital instability and severe employment problems (Dryfoos, 1990:32). Violence does not result from parents failing to teach children the important lessons of life, but instead from how such lessons are taught or not taught. Robert M. Regoli and John D. Hewitt (1994) portray children as an oppressed minority. Oppression is the unjust use of authority, and childhood oppression and abuse are rooted in the childhood experiences of adults. It all goes back to tradition, to the Bible, to the way things always have been – and therefore are “supposed to be.” We think that because children are little that they have little pain. But, in fact, the pain from their oppression, humiliation and abuse, sometimes ever so subtle, translates into fear, anger and even rage so intense that they must deaden their own pain to survive. And when they deaden their own pain, they cannot feel the hurt that they inflict on others – hence, violence, sometimes deadly in character. In the words of Philip Greven (1990:18): Fear stifles love and constricts our ability to put ourselves in the place of others, to have empathy, to feel compassion, to know pity, and to extend ourselves openly and freely toward other lives and other people. It should be noted that focusing on violent behavior exclusively as a consequence of defect parenting is shortsighted, indeed, in that it ignores other damaging outcomes that are more difficult to measure, but nonetheless serious and in some cases life-threatening. In this thorough analysis of the consequences of physical punishment on children, Greven (1990) includes the following: (1) Anxiety and fear; (2) Anger and hate; (3) Apathy and the stifling of empathy; (4) Melancholy and depression; (5) Obsessiveness and rigidity; (6) Ambivalence – protect and destroy; (7) Dissociation (including multiple personalities); (10) Domestic violence; (11) Aggression and delinquency; (12) Authoritarianism; and (13) The apocalyptic impulse. These factors are analyzed in the context of a plea to promote the well-being and even survival of humanity in this nuclear age. The child maltreatment literature is replete with well-documented destructive outcomes (Clark & Clark, 1989: xxvii – xxviii; Star, Maclean & Keating, 1991). In this context, the critical nature of parenting is brought into bold relief. Violence represents but one of many costs to humanity and threats imposed upon its structural integrity resulting from the improper treatment of children by their parents. It is important to recognize that modern parents are operating in a social order that is in many ways hostile to family cohesion and viability and to effective parenting. It is one conducive to stressful relationships and inadvertent child neglect (Hamburg, 1990). Parents need all of the help that they can get to produce socially and economically productive offspring.”

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How to grow... Tomatoes Rocket Growing Guides Growing your own tomatoes is vegetable gardening at its most rewarding. It’s just so satisfying to pick off a ripe, juicy tomato from its vine and pop it straight into your mouth. You know it’s going to taste extra good simply because you grew it yourself and it doesn’t disappoint! Most of our Rocket Gardens tomato plants are likely to do better when grown in a greenhouse or conservatory, but they will also grow in a warm and sunny, sheltered spot in the garden. - Planting Tips - Growing advice - Chef's Corner The right site Tomatoes need warmth, sun and shelter so are best grown in a greenhouse or conservatory. If you’d prefer to grow them outside, then choose a warm, sheltered and sunny spot, preferably up against a wall. Can be grown in.... Planting tomatoes in fresh compost in either growbags (two to a bag) or large containers (20-25cm is perfect for one tomato plant) will give the best results. If you choose to plant them in a raised bed outside, then be sure to add plenty of compost. How far apart? The spacing is slightly dependent on the variety you choose, and we’ll advise you what’s best for your baby tomato plants when you receive them. As a general rule, though, tomatoes need a decent amount of space for their roots so it’s best to plant a single plant in a pot, two in a grow bag or in a raised bed with 50cm between each plant. Looking after your plants.... Plant your tomato plants as soon as possible after they arrive into a 1.5 litre pot of good quality compost and allow them to grow in this for a few weeks indoors on a sunny window sill. Keep the compost moist but not waterlogged. They can then be transferred into their final growing container. Use bamboo canes to support the stems of cordon (upright) varieties (eg. Tigerella) Feed them well Water them well! Making sure your tomatoes are kept evenly and consistently watered will ensure they are happy plants. They don’t like drying out and then becoming waterlogged! Make sure you add some kind of organic fertiliser to wherever you plant your tomatoes as they do like to be kept well fed. Pinch off side shoots Pinch off any side shoots regularly (cordon varieties) and remove any yellowing leaves. Plant with marigolds Grow some marigolds next to your tomatoes to keep away aphids Here at Rocket Gardens we prefer to keep our tomatoes at room temperature rather than storing them in the fridge – you get better flavour from them that way. Ways to cook You can’t really beat a fresh tomato salad. Simply sliced, drizzled with a little extra virgin olive oil, seasoned with sea salt and served with a few torn up basil leaves.

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Automobile manufacturers are using technology in their automobiles that promote safer driving for the elderly. As people age, their reflexes slow down, limiting the body’s ability to respond to stimuli. A number of age-related problems such as weaker eyesight and hearing ability are enough to deter the elderly from being mobile. These fragilities make elderly drivers more susceptible to car accidents and more susceptible to sustaining severe injuries. Elderly drivers, particularly those above the age of seventy, are more likely to get confused in heavy traffic, on busy intersections, and on crosswalks. When it comes to nighttime driving, the risks are higher. More Elderly Drivers on the Roads With the first Baby Boomers reaching their seventies this year, the U.S. Census Bureau foresees about 54 million seventy or older U.S. citizens by 2030. Moreover, considering current trends of driving, the census expects that about 80 percent or more will be licensed drivers. Automobile manufacturers have started incorporating technology in their automobiles that will aid and assist better driving for the elderly. A number of innovations like blind-spot warning systems and emergency brake systems are already in place. However, the days ahead are filled with promises of smarter technology in automobiles, especially for aged drivers. Statistics and studies have also shown that there is already a shift in trends where about three-fourths of the older adults population (especially those above 50) are considering or will consider opting for cars that have more in-built safety technology features. (Read – Does a Driver’s Age Affect Risk of Car Crash?) Safety Technology, Self-Driving, and Fully Automated Cars Many automakers are pushing the concept of fully automated, or self-driven cars – manned by robotics and driven by technology. Automakers are creating awareness about how human errors cause accidents and that self-driven car can be the solution to reducing car accidents. Google, the pioneers of the self-driven concept, has ignited an interest in this technology of the future. Google has declared that their fully automatic vehicles will be released by 2020. Other technologies have already begun creating waves among elderly drivers, who are on the lookout for more sophisticated safety technology in their cars. - Emergency auto brakes will become a standard feature in all vehicles by September 2022. Companies like Toyota have already begun introducing the technology in all their models including their Lexus brand. - By May 2018, rearview cameras will become a mandatory requirement reducing accidents caused due to low or lack of visibility in rear blind spots. - Adaptive headlights that move according to the turn of the steering wheel, automatically adjusting light intensity depending upon the driving conditions and oncoming traffic, and automated parking assists are some of the technologies that are in the offering. - Robotic systems are already in use and are expected to get more sophisticated with time and technology. St. Louis Car Accident Attorney Accidents involving seniors are not uncommon. If you have been involved in such an accident, seek legal help from a St. Louis car accident attorney. Call The Hoffmann Law Firm, L.L.C. at (314) 361-4242.

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World phosphorous use crosses critical threshold (PhysOrg.com) -- Recalculating the global use of phosphorous, a fertilizer linchpin of modern agriculture, a team of researchers warns that the world's stocks may soon be in short supply and that overuse in the industrialized world has become a leading cause of the pollution of lakes, rivers and streams. Writing in the Feb. 14 edition of the journal Environmental Research Letters, Stephen Carpenter of the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Elena Bennett of McGill University report that the human use of phosphorous, primarily in the industrialized world, is causing the widespread eutrophication of fresh surface water. What's more, the minable global stocks of phosphorous are concentrated in just a few countries and are in decline, posing the risk of global shortages within the next 20 years. "There is a finite amount of phosphorous in the world," says Carpenter, a UW-Madison professor of limnology and one of the world's leading authorities on lakes and streams. "This is a material that's becoming more rare and we need to use it more efficiently." Phosphorous is an essential element for life. Living organisms, including humans, have small amounts and the element is crucial for driving the energetic processes of cells. In agriculture, phosphorous mined from ancient marine deposits is widely used to boost crop yields. The element also has other industrial uses. But excess phosphorous from fertilizer that washes from farm fields and suburban lawns into lakes and streams is the primary cause of the algae blooms that throw freshwater ecosystems out of kilter and degrade water quality. Phosphorous pollution poses a risk to fish and other aquatic life as well as to the animals and humans who depend on clean fresh water. In some instances, excess phosphorous sparks blooms of toxic algae, which pose a direct threat to human and animal life. "If you have too much phosphorous, you get eutrophication," explains Carpenter of the cycle of excessive plant and algae growth that significantly degrades bodies of fresh water. "Phosphorous stimulates the growth of algae and weeds near shore and some of the algae can contain cyanobacteria, which are toxic. You lose fish. You lose water quality for drinking." The fertilizer-fueled algae blooms themselves amplify the problem as the algae die and release accumulated phosphorous back into the water. Carpenter and Bennett write in their Environmental Research Letters report that the "planetary boundary for freshwater eutrophication has been crossed while potential boundaries for ocean anoxic events and depletion of phosphate rock reserves loom in the future." Complicating the problem, says Carpenter, is the fact that excess phosphorous in the environment is a problem primarily in the industrialized world, mainly Europe, North America and parts of Asia. In other parts of the world, notably Africa and Australia, soils are phosphorous poor, creating a stark imbalance. Ironically, soils in places like North America, where fertilizers with phosphorous are most commonly applied, are already loaded with the element. "Some soils have plenty of phosphorous, and some soils do not and you need to add phosphorous to grow crops on them," Carpenter notes. "It's this patchiness that makes the problem tricky." Bennett and Carpenter argue that agricultural practices to better conserve phosphate within agricultural ecosystems are necessary to avert the widespread pollution of surface waters. Phosphorous from parts of the world where the element is abundant, they say, can be moved to phosphorous deficient regions of the world by extracting phosphorous from manure, for example, using manure digesters. Deposits of phosphate, the form of the element that is mined for agriculture and other purposes, take many millions of years to form. The nations with the largest reserves of the element are the United States, China and Morocco.

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In Python, you use socket.setblocking(0) to make it non-blocking. You do this after creating the socket, but before using it. (Actually, if you’re nuts, you can switch back and forth.) The major mechanical difference is that recv(), connect and accept can return without having done anything. You have (of course) a number of choices. You can check return code and error codes and generally drive yourself crazy. Your app will grow large, buggy and suck CPU. So let’s skip the brain-dead solutions and do it right.Use select. ready_to_read, ready_to_write, in_error = \ select.select( potential_readers, potential_writers, potential_errs, timeout) ` You pass select three lists: the first contains all sockets that you might want to try reading; the second all the sockets you might want to try writing to, and the last (normally left empty) those that you want to check for errors. You should note that a socket can go into more than one list. The select call is blocking, but you can give it a timeout. This is generally a sensible thing to do - give it a nice long timeout (say a minute) unless you have good reason to do otherwise. In return, you will get three lists. They contain the sockets that are actually readable, writable and in error. Each of these lists is a subset (possibly empty) of the corresponding list you passed in. If a socket is in the output readable list, you can be as-close-to-certain-as-we-ever-get-in-this-business that a recv on that socket will return something. Same idea for the writable list. You’ll be able to send something. Maybe not all you want to, but something is better than nothing. (Actually, any reasonably healthy socket will return as writable - it just means outbound network buffer space is available.) If you have a “server” socket, put it in the potential_readers list. If it comes out in the readable list, your accept will (almost certainly) work. If you have created a new socket to connect to someone else, put it in the potential_writers list. If it shows up in the writable list, you have a decent chance that it has connected. One very nasty problem with select: if somewhere in those input lists of sockets is one which has died a nasty death, the select will fail. You then need to loop through every single damn socket in all those lists and do a select([sock],,,0) until you find the bad one. That timeout of 0 means it won’t take long, but it’s ugly. Actually, select can be handy even with blocking sockets. It’s one way of determining whether you will block - the socket returns as readable when there’s something in the buffers. However, this still doesn’t help with the problem of determining whether the other end is done, or just busy with something else. Portability alert: On Unix, select works both with the sockets and files. Don’t try this on Windows. On Windows, select works with sockets only.

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Wisconsin is one of a number of states that do not require adult motorcyclists to wear helmets. Under the headgear statute, headgear is only required for people under the age of 18. Wisconsin law does require riders to wear eye protection. This protection could be a face shield attached to the bike, goggles or glasses. Amazingly, if a motorcyclist is in a crash in Wisconsin and does not have a helmet, the law does not hold it against the adult rider. Wisconsin statute 895.049 states that a failure of an operator or passenger to wear protective headgear shall not reduce recovery for injuries sustained in a crash in a civil case. It also the law in Wisconsin that failure to wear a helmet or protective headgear cannot be used to prove the rider negligent. These laws do not apply to riders under the age of 18. Two of the last four years in Wisconsin have been the deadliest for motorcycle-related crashes in the history of the state. Nationally, motorcycle fatalities have not drastically decreased in the last thirty years, though fatalities fluctuate from year to year depending primarily on the amount of motorcycle registrations and weather conditions. In Wisconsin, fatalities often depend on how good the weather is in a particular year, but several programs have helped to reduce fatalities. First, Wisconsin noted fewer fatalities after an education and publicity campaign about keeping aware of motorcyclists on the road. Second, training motorcyclists also helps lead to fewer fatalities. However, the best way to reduce motorcycle crash fatalities is to pass a mandatory helmet law. Take Florida and Louisiana for example. Both states repealed their mandatory helmet laws around the year 2000. After repealing the law, Florida saw an 81% increase in fatalities. Louisiana saw a 108% increase in fatalities! Louisiana reenacted the helmet law in 2004 and saw a significant drop in fatalities. Motorcyclists may not like it, but the helmet laws do save lives. Some Safety Tips for Motorcyclists -Wear a helmet. Wear a helmet! WEAR A HELMET!!!! According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA), helmets are proven to be 37% effective at preventing fatalities to motorcycle drivers and 41% effective for passengers. -Reduce alcohol impairment – NHTSA reports that in 2010 29% of motorcycle fatalities had a bac of .08 or higher. That is the highest impairment rate of all vehicles on the road. -Reduce speeding – the most recent data shows 35% of motorcycle riders killed on the roads were speeding, and more than half of these crashes did not involve another vehicle. -Provide motorcycle operator training to all that need or want it – most states offer training programs, but some do not provide convenient times or locations for the riders to attend. -Encourage all drivers to share the roads with motorcyclists.

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Mammillaria bombycina Quehl Silken Pincushion Cactus, Silken Pincushion Chilita bombycina, Ebnerella bombycina, Escobariopsis bombycina, Neomammillaria bombycina Mammillaria bombycina is a popular, solitary or clustering cactus with bright-green to grey-green stems with bulbous tubercles surrounded by downy white hairs, short white spines, and much longer curved brown spines. The stems grow up to 8 inches (20 cm) tall and 2.4 inches (6 cm) in diameter. As they mature, some clones cluster aggressively and form gorgeous, up to 3 feet (90 cm) wide mounds. The circular clusters of deep rose-pink flowers appear on the upper surface of the stems in spring and summer. USDA hardiness zones 9a to 11b: from 20 °F (−6.7 °C) to 50 °F (+10 °C). How to Grow and Care To encourage better flowering, allow the plants to enjoy a cooling period in the winter and suspend watering. Unlike many other cacti, which use their ribs as storage devices, Mammillaria feature raised tubercles, from which spines emerge. When you water, the tubercles will expand to increase water storage. The flowers emerge from the axils of these tubercles on the previous year's growth, which accounts for their interesting halo effect. The cactus mustn't be exposed to prolonged dampness and sitting water. Never let your cactus sit in a dish of water. Lastly, make sure to fertilize during the growing season for the best results. Repot as needed, preferably during the warm season. To repot Mammillaria, make sure the soil is dry before repotting, then gently remove the pot. Knock away the old soil from the roots, making sure to remove any rotted or dead roots in the process. Treat any cuts with a fungicide. Place the plant in its new pot and backfill with potting soil, spreading the roots out as you repot. Leave the plant dry for a week or so, then begin to water lightly to reduce the risk of root rot. See more at How to Grow and Care for Mammillaria. This species is native to western central Mexico (Jalisco and Aguascalientes states). - Back to genus Mammillaria - Succulentopedia: Browse succulents by Scientific Name, Common Name, Genus, Family, USDA Hardiness Zone, Origin, or cacti by Genus Click on a photo to see a larger version.

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This post is the introduction to a new series here on the Partially Examined Life blog: "Saints and Simulators," a look at cutting-edge modern technology, and its implications for both religion and philosophy. We'll be both beginning and ending the series with a deliberately provocative question: Did Nick Bostrom, professor of philosophy at Oxford University, provide the first convincing modern proof of the probable existence of God? At first glance it seems more than unlikely. Bostrom—best known for his notorious theory that the world exists only on a giant computer—isn't a notably a religious man. What's more, philosophers and theologians have argued for thousands of years as to whether God exists; whether the existence of God can be proven; and whether demonstrating proof of God’s existence is something we should even try to pursue. Despite all this, in the year 2003, when Bostrom published a new theory detailing the strong probability that God does in fact exist, next to nobody noticed.* This was not because the paper itself languished in obscurity. It was cited affirmingly by respected scientists, and billionaire entrepreneurs, and its line of logic was even certified by the presumably sober-minded analysts at the Bank of America. Yet the headline-grabbing claim that made it famous was seemingly not about God at all, but rather about the likelihood that our entire universe exists only as a simulation on a cosmic computer. Perhaps this was because the claim about God was tossed off by Bostrom as a casual aside; or because it seemed irrelevant to his largely atheistic, technology-minded audience. Nevertheless, the implications about God are arguably the most interesting and important parts of the theory, because (a) they serve as the foundation of an entirely new and original defense of religious belief, and (b) because they are closely tied to assumptions about the universe that are consistently cited in defense of atheism. If you'd like to read the original paper, it's here: Are You Living in a Computer Simulation? All you have to do is blink, however, and you'll completely miss the theological content—or perhaps just find it less than compelling. Accordingly, the first part of this series will comprise a layman’s introduction to the simulation theory itself, and shows how, as ridiculous as they may seem on the surface, its core conclusions follow logically from some of the most commonly accepted assumptions of today’s modern scientific worldview; and how its conclusion, accordingly, is far more difficult to escape then one might assume. The next part of the series will introduce the closely related idea of the “technological singularity,” a time predicted for the near future when the power of technology grows without limit. It explains the fears and concerns people have for the concept, including Bostrom’s own shockingly plausible fear that the human species could be wiped out by the unintentional creation of killer robots. The series will conclude with Bostrom’s admission that his simulation theory necessarily entails a godlike figure (the simulator), and with a demonstration that both the simulation theory and the concept of the technological singularity unexpectedly lead toward belief in something strikingly similar to God as described in the major traditional religions of the world.

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Online mental health resource aims to get more feet on the ground for students Originally posted: February 25, 2022 The pandemic has been difficult for students, especially with remote learning interrupting their social connections. For some students, these changes have challenged their mental health. In response, MITT is taking a leading role in implementing a free mental health literacy program for its students. It’s called More Feet on the Ground and MITT is the first post-secondary institution in Manitoba to offer the online training. The free online mental health resource teaches students how to support classmates who may be facing mental health challenges. The program consists of a live online workshop that teaches students how to recognize, respond and refer someone who is experiencing mental health issues on campus. It also includes breakout/group discussions. Students who complete the content and live workshop receive a certificate. More Feet on the Ground teaches students how to: - Recognize signs that someone may be experiencing mental health concerns. - Respond appropriately to someone who needs support (based on your relationship with them and the signs present.) - Refer someone to mental health supports and services in an appropriate way. - Reflect after interacting with someone who may be distressed or upset. According to Delvinder Zamir, student life coordinator at MITT, the training empowers students with a valuable set of skills they can use in their own lives and in the workplace after graduation. Zamir remarks, "There are moments when a student may encounter someone experiencing mental health issues and not know how to respond appropriately. This training helps empower them to recognize when someone is dealing with a mental health issue, respond appropriately and refer them to someone for mental health support." Students like Harwinder Kaur, a student in the Post Graduate Diploma program in Human Resources Learning and Development credits the course with making a positive impact on her life. Kaur emphasizes, "I dealt with homesickness and mental stress when I moved from India to Canada as an international student. This training has been very helpful. It’s helped me to understand positive mental health, how to recognize the signs if any of my friends are facing mental stress and has given me the tools to respond appropriately to someone who needs support." Kayla Hoskins, Accessibility Student Advisor at MITT and a facilitator of the More Feet on the Ground workshop says the workshop provides a safe space for students to discuss mental health. Hoskins remarks, "This workshop brings together a diverse set of students, who have varying ideas and experiences around mental health and how they share their feelings with others. Some of these students, have never spoken openly with others about mental health. I think the reason More Feet on the Ground is so impactful is because it brings students together, provides a safe space to discuss their understanding of mental health and stigma, and gives them a common language to share, discuss and understand these difficult topics." Melanie Leslie, a social worker/counsellor at MITT has experienced how the training has helped dispel the stigma of mental health issues. Leslie emphasizes, "Mental health issues are not a sign of weakness that should be silenced. It’s ok to not feel ok sometimes." Leslie adds, "Through the More Feet on the Ground program we are striving to engage in positive conversations around mental health and how we can all work together to talk openly and sensitively around mental health." Training sessions for More Feet on the Ground will be taking place as follows: Wednesday, March 16, 2022 - 3:30 p.m. Wednesday, March 23, 2022 - 3:30 p.m. Click here to register for More Feet on the Ground training,

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Cognitive Therapy, often called Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or CBT, works by helping people become more aware of how their relationships with other people and reactions to stressful situations are connected to unquestioned assumptions they hold about themselves, others, and the world. It provides a process for helping you reexamine, better understand, and better manage your complex emotional life and relationships. In part, the work of therapy involves broadening one’s awareness and building cognitive flexibility. Through talking about and reexamining situations and your interpretations and responses, you can: reduce feelings of depression and anxiety reduce or eliminate problematic substance abuse build on your own strengths to improve perspective taking improve understanding of the unconscious beliefs driving your interpretations of events build a set of new thinking patterns and coping responses to stressful situations increase self-mastery and self-compassion Dr. Carnazzo discusses how CBT works It is a basic assumption of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) that humans are prone to some form or another of irrational or distorted thinking. People coming to therapy report a common pattern of distorted information processing referred to in CBT as cognitive distortions. Cognitive distortions contribute to feelings of sadness and isolation, worries and avoidance behavior, and misunderstanding and conflicts with other people. We all have these biases and they are hard to detect in oneself, but easier for others to identify in us. This is part of the reason why an objective third party can often help us build a better understand ourselves. Thus, therapy is a collaborative process where you and your therapist examine the source and substance of your thought patterns and related feelings and reactions. The process is deliberate and seeks to provide you with greater clarity about yourself and greater clarity about ways to improve the way you handle the challenges in your life. Additionally, understanding how you think about things in the present gives you and your therapist a window into more deeply held beliefs. Understanding these deep or core beliefs can also provide you a guide to opportunities for personal growth. Insight in Therapy There are at least two different levels of insight to be gained from participating in CBT. You can gain greater insight into the relationships between your feelings, behavior and thinking about current life events. The second level of insight is increased awareness of how your early learning history affects how you understand and respond or cope with present events. By simply taking an hour out of your busy week to reflect on recent events you can gain better insights into how to understand your emotional and behavioral reactions to stressors in your life. CBT also helps people by providing ideas for improved coping strategies.

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While there’s nothing wrong with an abundance of caution for high case fatality rates we are seeing for the COVID-19 coronavirus, the data is not accurate. We keep hearing 3.5% or 4% of the population is going to die. Why is the rate so high? The denominator is inaccurate. Most countries have not done broad testing to know how many cases are prevalent in the general population. So, let’s start with the definition of Case Fatality Rate. Case fatality rate is calculated by dividing the number of deaths from a specified disease over a defined period of time by the number of individuals diagnosed with the disease during that time; the resulting ratio is then multiplied by 100 to yield a percentage. 1. Case Fatality Rate or Mortality Rate = Number of Deaths / by Total Number of Cases X 100 2. Total Number of Cases = Prevalence 3. Prevalence is all the reported cases AND the estimated cases in the environment The denominator here is very important. What makes up the total number or cases is all the reported cases that we know of in the hospital and the broad sample of what's in the environments A good example of why the rates look so scary at first, can be shown in South Korea in early reporting. The early cases were only the sick ones or those who fell ill. After broad testing in South Korea, the case fatality results were 0.6%, much lower than earlier results of 3 or 4% of case fatality rates in early reporting. Public Response To Date Fails To Account For Accurate Prevalence In Case Fatality Rates After broader testing, you could see how fast the virus had spread and how much lower the number of deaths were. Don't get me wrong, this virus is very contagious but the good thing is the virus is not as deadly as some may have first believed. Moreover, it’s not from watching the media and folks on social media going nuts, screaming, “Oh my god, this is the Bill Gates 100 year Spanish Flu pandemic!” Understand how case fatality rates are studied, then we can figure out the appropriate proportionality of response. IN THE US, WE HAVE NOT DONE BROAD TESTING. WE COULD ALL BE CARRIERS AND NOT SHOW IT. The Bottom Line: Understand Proportionality Of Response Before We Do More Self-Inflicted Damage To The Economy Let’s take another way to look at our response to this outbreak: In the US, prevalence of a specific type of flu was 15M as of Jan 2020. We had: - 140k hospitalizations - 8200 deaths, - 54 pediatric deaths What would you do in that situation? - quarantine everyone? - cancel events? - stop sports? - hunker down? - close schools? That’s Influeza B. A known flu which we even have vaccines for, albeit they don’t always work so well. We don't go crazy on the flu because we're accustomed to the risk and have factored for it. Right now we're going ape $sh!t because of imperfect data and taking a massive abundance of caution (nothing wrong with that). However, the response to this crisis is 10X of what we do for the normal flu. Either we step up when the regular flu shows up in the same manner and shut down everything and self-inflict wounds on 0.5% to 1.0% of global GDP, or let’s get a grip on the panic. One more note though, in a regular flu season, we may see 140k hospitalizations over 6 months, Covid-19 is compressed over 6 weeks and our systems are not ready for this. Proportionality of response is key here. Stop going crazy folks! Put in precautions and watch a little less TV during the election year.

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DETROIT – Efforts to find a coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine are about to take another major step forward, though declining cases could actually hamper those efforts. In order to know if a vaccine is actually protecting the people who have been vaccinated, those people need to be exposed to the virus. Researchers can’t deliberately expose participants to the coronavirus in clinical trials, so the virus needs to be circulating in the community. That means the success of the trials will come down to location. “If you go in and you have dribs and drabs of infection, even though you have 30,000 people in the combination of placebo and experimental, it could take months and months and months to get an answer,” Dr. Anthony Fauci said. Speaking to the Journal of the American Medical Association, Fauci said next month, sites are now being prepared to start large phase three studies of the Moderna vaccine developed at the National Institutes of Health. It’s critical to test the vaccine where the virus is spreading. “It you start to phase three, and then when you’re a month or two into it you happen to get in an area that you highly vaccinated where you’ve had a big outburst of a surge of cases, you could get your answer pretty quickly,” Fauci said. Those trials will be located in the United States and other countries. Starting this month, Brazil will host the next round of testing on the COVID-19 vaccine being developed by Oxford University and AstraZeneca. Brazil has the second highest number of cases after the U.S., and the curve there is still rising. Fauci said he remains cautiously optimistic that an effective vaccine can be made. “The majority of people make an immune response which clears the virus, which tells us that if the body is capable of making an immune response to clear the virus of natural infection -- that’s a pretty good proof of concept to say that you’re going to make an immune response in response to a vaccine,” Fauci said. Fauci said he is concerned about the durability of that immune response, meaning how long it will last. With several other coronavirus strands, such as those that cause the common cold, the length of protection is generally a year or less. We still don’t know how long any protection -- from recovering or from a vaccine -- might ultimately last. The vaccines will be tested primarily in people ages 18 to 55, but there will also be elderly volunteers, as well as people with underlying health issues. The phase three trial is designed to get a much bigger picture of how people respond to the vaccine and any potential side effects, so they are casting a wider net on participants.

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South Drumlin Nature Area The South Drumlin Nature area is a large drumlin with a deciduous forest that follows along the Trent Canal, and features a robust trail network. It is so-named because, like the Lady Eaton Drumlin Nature Area, it is on a drumlin- an elongated teardrop-shaped hill of rock, sand, and gravel that formed under glacier ice approximately 10,000 years ago. - Read more on drumlins on the Glacier Landforms: Drumlins web page by the National Snow & Ice Data Center. - Read more about the last glaciation across North America on the Wikipedia web page Last Glacial Period The South Drumlin is about 830 meters long x 300 meters wide (at greatest extent), and rises about 20 meters above the surrounding landscape. It is one of several drumlins on campus, with the Lady Eaton Drumlin Nature Area occupying another of the larger ones. A) Satellite Imagery 1. Created in ArcGIS Pro (click to view full size). The red outline in centre of figure delineates the nature area boundary. This nature area is bounded by a residential community to the south, the Trent Canal to the east, Nassau Mills Rd. to the north, and the Greenway Trail to the northwest-west. The Nature Area itself mainly includes a hardwood forest, seen in this winter photo. 2. Via Google Maps (shows latest satellite image available via Google Maps; will not show boundary). Location and Use The South Drumlin Nature Area is located in the southwest region of Trent University's Nassau Campus, between the Rotary Greenway Trail (to the north), Nassau Mills Road (to the northeast), the Trent Canal (to the east), and a residential community to the south. It is used for recreation on its many trails. Trails, Access, and Points of Interest This Nature Area has several trails, including one following along the Canal. The main access is via Nassau Mills Road, where one can park on the road shoulder just northwest of the bridge that crosses the Canal and walk into the Nature Area. A second point of access used to be available off of the Rotary Greenway Trail, but it is unclear if this is still available. Earlier in 2019 construction of the Nassau Mills Guard Gate completed (see also this notice from the Trent Lands Plan site), which has affected access to this Nature Area. The trail in the South Drumlin Nature Area running along the west bank of the Canal used to continue under the Nassau Mills Road bridge over the Trent Canal, reaching the point/peninsula where the Trent Canal splits off from the Otonabee River flow. From there one could get on the Rotary Greenway Trail and travel into Peterborough or cross the footbridge across the Canal, travel through Trent University and continue north to Lakefield. The Guard Gate work does seem to have included trails to get around the Guard Gate, but I have yet to walk it. The site is a drumlin, somewhat flatter than the Lady Eaton Drumlin, with old field uplands to the south and west. The drumlin's north (stoss) slope is steep, while the south (lee) slope is a more gentle incline. The entire area is fairly well drained, except for some areas right by the Canal. Ecosystems and Species The primary ecosystems in this nature area include: - deciduous forest: mainly Sugar Maple - White Ash - decidious woodland: Aspen - sparse mixed woodland: mixed species - old field: grasses The forest is an early successional deciduous forest, and it presents a good colour show in autumn. The trails are used fairly frequently for walking and cycling. Also, poison ivy is found along portions of some of the trails, especially where cover is light. Nature Area History A few cottages were once situated near the base of the slope in the northeast quarter of the drumlin. More Updates to Come! Stay tuned for updates as we add maps and physical descriptions of the Nature Areas.

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Nowadays people, animals, and plants all over the world are suffering from the big global environmental problems. For example, air and water pollution, water shortages, and one of the biggest problem is the household waste. Uzbekistan also suffers from these big problems. Many people of our country without noticing it themselves are throwing bottles, disposable cups, waste paper all over the streets. And they don’t even realize that is very harmful for their health. Have they ever wondered why this big virus Covid-19 appeared? Why are many rainforests in fire? Why do people suffer from the shortage of drinking water? Sure, the main reason is in us: PEOPLE. Many of our citizens often blame our state in these problems. But why can’t we start helping the nature ourselves, doing small positive actions locally? For example, we can recycle, reduce, and reuse the litter. We, as ASPnet Shool # 17 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, support the UNESCO Trash Hack campaign by positive actions, demonstrative samples, clearing every place from school environment to our living communities (Mahallas). We organize our annual Eco-event, devoted to the Earth Day on April 22 under the motto “The Earth is our Common Home!”. We provide our students’ participation in clearing activities to increase their understanding and start to be a part of transforming the world, empowering them with the skills, knowledge and values to live sustainably, to contribute to building more inclusive society. Our school plans to involve all the city schools and authorities to the started work as each of us can make a difference. We, teachers, are aimed for sociocultural practices for the health and well-being of humans and nature, to provide opportunities for learners to take concrete actions for sustainable development. The main learnings for students is to TRASH HACK classrooms, homes, communities and eventually the world, learning the benefits of recycling and waste management and to become aware of ESD related themes as global citizenship and eco-education. Our easy positive actions will make young people to understand more about waste. Here is the speech of the Mother Earth, which was acted and told by a schoolgirl on April 22: “Good day! My name is Earth. I am here in front of you, people, asking for help. But before that I will tell you the story of my life. 4,54 billion years ago, I was formed from dust and gas, and about 2,7 billion years ago, life began in me. This is where all the adventures began. Evolution was in full swing. People appeared 2,8 million years ago. At first I was glad to them. They multiplied, developed. But what did their development lead to? They scarified everything without thinking about the future, they scooped up everything they could. I warned. I gave all possible signs that I felt bad. I sent all kinds of catastrophes: earthquakes, tornadoes, tsunamis, forest fires, droughts, floods, global climate changes. Everything so that they can come to their senses. But people did not pay attention to this either. Last year, the pandemic made itself felt. And now look in what state I am. Is this what I deserve? People turned me into a huge dumb. Please save me today! Your next generation should be really the best. You can make me the best place to live on, only be the unity of actions. Please unite to save me!” On June 5, in the Central Park named after Mirzo-Ulugbek, an event was held within the framework of the UNESCO Trash Hack campaign dedicated to the International Day of the Environment. The event was organized in cooperation with the Tashkent City Administration of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Ecology and Environment Protection, the National Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan for UNESCO and Schools of Tashkent city. The purpose of our event was to improve the ecological culture of citizens. Together we can share the knowledge about environmental protection, about waste that can be recycled, and most importantly, reduce the total volume of waste. Several contests were organized to raise awareness of children on ecology and environment protection. Our school participated in this kind of clean-up activities since we believe that our youth should become more aware of waste issues and reduce the waste. And we can make waste reduction, waste management and waste segregation, a collective habit, and a social standard. Ms. Sayyora Tadjieva, Teacher of English, Public Specialized ASPnet School No.17, Tashkent city, Uzbekistan

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The building blocks of silicones What are Chlorosilanes? Chlorosilane is chemical compounds prepared by reacting silicon powder and methyl chloride (CH3CI) gas through direct synthesis. The methyl chlorosilanes produced (trimethyl, dimethyl and methyl chlorosilane) are the building blocks for various silicone substances. From Silicon to Chlorosilanes: Production of silicones, firstly requires the synthesis of their precursors: chlorosilanes. These are prepared by reacting silicon powder (extracted from natural silica by means of an electrochemical process) and CH3CI or methyl chloride gas (formed in the reaction between HCI and CH30H or methanol). This reaction is called Direct Synthesis. It is performed in large-scale reactors and produces a crude mixture of several liquid chlorosilanes which must then be separated by distillation. The chlorosilanes produced are the building blocks with which the various silicone substances are then produced: the central silicon atom is bonded to various numbers of chlorine atoms, each of which provide a potential reactive site for the hydrolysis reaction that enables the length and branching of the polymer molecular framework to be controlled. The three types of methyl chlorosilanes obtained during direct synthesis which are then used to produce silicones are: trimethyl chlorosilane, dimethyl dichlorosilane and methyl trichlorosilane as shown in the below diagrams. Discover our latest video: "What are Chlorosilanes" From chlorosilanes to basic silicone products: Chlorosilanes undergo hydrolysis and polycondensation to give the basic silicone products: oils, gums, and resins. Oils and gums are straight-chain compounds that are either reactive or non-reactive. When the compounds are fluid in consistency they are considered as oils. When their viscosity increases to the point of solidifying, they are considered as gums. Oils and gums can also be subject to further physical and chemical processing at a later stage. Resins have a branched structure that forms molecular lattices. These basic silicone products have a molecular framework based around the four different groups that result: directly from the original chlorosilanes. The hydrolysis of chlorosilanes to form the siloxane backbone Hydrolysis produces short-chain polymers which must then be lengthened to give the required molecular weight. Pure dimethyl dichlorosilanes are hydrolyzed to obtain oils. Resins are obtained by hydrolysis of a mixture of dimethyl dichlorosilanes and mathyl trichlorosilanes, to which solvents are added to avoid gelling. The lengthening of polymer chains by polycondensation Polycondensation of prepolymers is performed using catalysts. The addition of chain terminators enables the polymer chain ends to be de-activated i.e. to give non-reactive oils. To prepare certain specialty silicone products with special properties, it is sometimes necessary to modify the CH3 (non-reactive) groups that are initially bonded to the silicon atoms. Therefore, these groups are partially replaced by other non-reactive groups (-C6H5, etc.) or reactive groups (-H, CH=CH2, etc.) in certain cases, prior to or following hydrolysis.

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The Disease Model of Addiction Why is it so difficult to stay sober? There are several reasons; one of the most prominent and recognized being the Disease Model of Addiction. According to Principles of Addiction Comprehensive Addictive Behaviors and Disorders, Volume 1, “In the model, addiction is defined as a chronic disease for which there is currently no medical cure. The model also views addiction as a disease with symptom progression; not only is the condition chronic and incurable, but also the symptoms progressively worsen over time. Severity of the disease is often determined by the progression of various physiological symptoms, such as tolerance and withdrawal. Symptom progression is viewed by some proponents of the disease model as continuing in a latent fashion even when a patient is abstaining, so if the patient were to return to active addiction, it is likely that a progression of symptoms (when compared to when they had abstained) would be observed almost instantaneously upon return to the addictive behaviors even if the person had abstained for a significant amount of time.” The Disease Model explains why it is so difficult to stay sober on a biological level. However, the development of addiction often has to do with more than the building of a physical tolerance. In many cases, people begin using chemical substances in the first place because of an underlying issue. People often turn to drugs and alcohol as a way of coping with an underlying issue. They could be attempting to self-medicate a mental illness like anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, or post-traumatic stress disorder. They might turn to drinking as a way to cope with a high-pressure occupation; they might turn to drugs as a way to combat the symptoms associated with unresolved trauma. While turning to substance use might temporarily alleviate the symptoms of this underlying issue, it will only exacerbate symptoms in the long run — which can easily lead to a vicious cycle of struggling to get sober and repeated relapses. Additional Risk Factors for Addiction There are additional risk factors for addiction, and additional reasons why it can be so difficult to get sober without professional help. These risk factors include: - Genetic predisposition. Addiction is largely hereditary, meaning if you have family members who have struggled with substance use, you are more prone to developing a substance use disorder yourself. - Environment. If you currently live in a chaotic, hostile, or high-stress environment, it will be difficult for you to get and stay sober. This is why entering a multi-staged treatment program is a good idea, and why committing to an extended stay in a sober living home almost always comes recommended. - Early substance use and substance of choice. Generally speaking, people who begin using substances earlier in life have a more difficult time getting sober. Additionally, the type of substance you use determines how easy it is to get and stay sober. For example, people who struggle with marijuana use often have an easier time getting clean than people who have been using methamphetamine for years.

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Watering eyes, running nose, itchy weeping skin rashes, tickly cough and uncontrollably sneezing. These are just some of the conditions that you are probably be familiar with if you suffer from allergies. However, there is no need to despair, this article contains some great tips that will help you to better manage your allergies. Allergies from pollen are stronger in the morning and the evening, so if you suffer from nagging allergies, try to remember to keep your windows closed during these times of the day. As enjoyable as the fresh air may be, it will cause you to be miserable from the impact of your allergies. Do some investigating. Many people suffer from allergies and do not know the cause. The best thing that you can do to help is to try to identify what is the allergen that is causing your symptoms. Try to keep a log of when you are having symptoms, so that you can figure out what is the cause of your allergies. Make your home a little more allergy-free by implementing a no-shoes policy. Why? Because shoes come in from outdoors and carry with them dirt and pollen among other things, only adding to the indoor allergens you are already trying to eliminate. When guests come, offer them slippers or socks you keep especially for this purpose! Unless your asthma and allergies are severe, you might feel that there is no reason to visit a specialist for treatment. Don’t sell yourself short, chronic wheezing and slight shortness of breath can adversely affect your quality of life. Each time you experience even mild trouble breathing; your lungs and muscles work harder and quickly lead to fatigue. When you are taking medications for allergies, it is of critical importance that you consult with your doctor and pharmacist about any foods or other drugs that may not interact properly with your medication. The side effects and reactions between drugs can be extreme, so you need to know before you take them if there are any risks associated with consuming other drugs or foods. Natural treatments do exist for those with allergies. Natural remedies are very helpful and can help manage your fight against common allergens. These remedies can soothe allergy symptoms and get rid of swelling, sneezing, congestion, and itching. If your child has food allergies, pack safe foods when traveling. It can be hard to find the contents of foods in different locations, and you increase the risk of encountering soy, dairy, nuts and other food allergens. Always know the amount of stress you are under. Stress can have a dramatic impact on the body’s allergic reactions, although a lot of people are not aware of it. This is especially true for individuals with asthma. Having an attack is heightened when you are more stressed. Relieving stress is not an automatic cure for asthma nor allergies, but cutting stress in your life can lower the frequency of such attacks. As aforementioned, when you suffer from allergies, you will be all too familiar with the following conditions: watering eyes, running nose, itchy weeping skin rashes, tickly cough and uncontrollably sneezing. After reading the tips above, however, you should now be able to better manage your allergies. You should feel ready to stop them from taking over your whole life.

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Elearning is a general time period referring to trainings delivered through a single computer, with using devices like CDROMs, mobile phones, digital television, Web and large space networks. While the classic web page turners nonetheless exist with the one interplay being emailing a course facilitator, the webinar has enjoyed monumental success even while it takes away one of the advantages of e-studying in that the student is not learning at his own pace. Digital studying (e-studying) is outlined because the delivery of instructional content material utilizing electronic means such because the Internet, intranets, audio and video equipment, net conferencing, digital classrooms, CD-ROM, and more just lately Internet 2.zero tools. Affordability is also a key issue within the popularity of e-learning, with fewer costs associated with traditional college based mostly studying similar to travel, distance learning courses such as an online management degree are therefore made more extensively obtainable. The accreditation earned from an online institution might not meet the requirements of traditional academic amenities not due to poor educational quality but as a result of it may trigger problems when transferring credit from completely different academic establishments. Is ELearning Proper For You? Human beings are designed to study from one another with each verbal and visible hints in an effort to retain new data. Whereas the average content material retention fee for an teacher-led class is only 58%, the extra intensive eLearning experience enhances the retention price by 25 – 60%.1 Increased retention of the fabric places the next value on each dollar spent on training. At this time, the Web provides a select set of academic degree courses starting from associate’s degrees, doctoral programs, enterprise administration, prison Justice, nursing, and Masters Levels in Non secular Formation, Christian Training, and Pastoral Ministry. e-learning definition unesco, e learning definition in hindi, e-learning software market Regardless of a substantial quantity of publicity surrounding the teaching method know as eLearning, there’s little doubt that it hasn’t lived as much as its full potential as of yet. Basically, with the help of the web, not only is learning made extra accessible and easier for a lot of people, it additionally helps velocity up the training course of since the medium is made extra animated, interactive, and illustrative with the use of the appropriate technological know-how. E-studying options have enabled students to develop a greater understanding of the themes. E-studying often takes place in what is usually described because the ‘Virtual Learning Setting.’ The virtual learning surroundings isn’t supposed as a replacement for conventional colleges, but is an alternate that has a great affect on the way in which students can research by distance studying courses. You possibly can take synchronous elearning, an online-based training the place you and your instructor can take part in the course and interact with other members at multiple areas on the same time, utilizing LCD projectors and convention telephones. e-learning software comparison, e-learning software for primary school As studying is a steady, cultural course of, so access and opportunities to study needs to be out there to college students in actual time after the college hours.

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It can be a challenging task to get your growing reader to pick up a book on their own, especially if they are just starting out. The Elephant & Piggie series taps into the early reader arena and includes an easy-to-read format and engaging illustrations. Your growing reader will enjoy reading about this iconic duo — and learn important lessons about the power of friendship while building key literacy skills! Here are just a few of the benefits your child will get from reading this series. Key Social-Emotional Lessons The series covers topics like patience and sharing, critical concepts for young children to understand and practice. Kids ages 4-8 are developing their social-emotional skills, which play a significant role in the way kids interact with one another. The main characters in these books, Gerald and Piggie, explore a variety of emotions — like jealousy and sadness — and find tangible ways to overcome their tough situations. The humorous characters and laugh-out-loud text will hook your child on the story and build a deeper love for reading. Humor is an empowering tool and can make learning new things easier. The Elephant and Piggie books have plenty of laugh-worthy situations that your child will find amusing and irresistible, such as when Elephant deeply ponders if he should share his ice cream — adding a few extra "mmm's" to his indecisive "hmmmm" over multiple pages. Interactive Reading Lessons The interactive format of the book makes it easy for young readers to follow along.The comic book-style speech bubbles help young readers understand which character is saying what — an approachable way to engage your child with books. The captivating and colorful illustrations on each page also make the text more digestible and provide context clues. What’s more, your child can build their fine motor skills by pointing to the text and illustrations. They will delight in the one-of-a-kind imagery and storylines as they continue to become more confident readers. These loveable characters, funny storylines, and supporting illustrations will help your child build their reading comprehension skills. As your child gets older and progresses in school, it is important for them to have a strong reading foundation to understand a piece of text thoroughly. The Elephant & Piggie series will give your child the opportunity to answer thought-provoking questions — like "Why does Gerald have such a hard time deciding whether or not to share his ice cream?" Shop the marvelous Elephant & Piggie series below! Plus, explore our Scholastic Parents book lists to discover the best children's books by age, interest, and more. You can find all books and activities at The Scholastic Store.

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Happy National Children’s Day! In celebration of children and their futures, this day takes place every second Sunday in June. National Children’s Day was created by Reverend Dr. Charles Leonard of the Universalist Church of the Redeemer in Chelsea, Massachusetts in 1856 as a special day to baptize children, but it has recently evolved as a day to honor all children. Mother’s Day and Father’s Day have become staples in American culture, and Children’s Day, which takes place in between both days, serves largely the same purpose. Children’s Day encourages us to take a step back, appreciate our families through a new lens, and realize what (or, rather, who) we are thankful for. For some, this might mean spending a little extra time with their children; for others, it may mean showing love for all of the children in their lives, and the potential and hope that they bring. Not only is National Children’s Day a welcome means to express how much we value our youth, but it is also needed to spread awareness about the struggles that many children in our nation face. In fact, 3.6 million referrals involving 6.6 million children are made each year to child protection agencies, and a historically high 2.6 million children are homeless in the U.S.—that’s 1 in 30 children. As a human services agency, employees at Alvis are touched by the challenges of the children and families we serve on a daily basis. One of Alvis’ behavioral healthcare programs, Amethyst, specifically targets needs of children whose mothers are in treatment for co-occurring mental health and addictions disorders at the Amethyst program. These children face their own challenges that are the result of living in uncertainty while their mothers were actively using. Staff at Amethyst offer comprehensive services to children, including counseling, academic support, trauma services, substance use prevention and more. They are able to receive full access to the same opportunities (and more) that they would if they were living in the community instead of at the Amethyst program. The Amethyst program’s SummerQuest camp, which kicked off its 2019 camp on June 1st, is a prime example of how Amethyst and the mothers in treatment are brightened by the presence of children and it shows the program’s commitment to children’s wellbeing. On the first Saturday of every month, Alvis has Donuts with Dad, which involves children and their fathers getting together for some fun (and donuts!). Alvis will also be hosting a Father’s Day Picnic at Westgate Park in Columbus to celebrate fathers and their families. Recently, our Mother’s Day celebration provided some heartwarming moments between children and their mothers, as they participated in crafts and went “shopping” for Mother’s Day presents. Many Alvis clients across multiple types of programs are working hard to reconnect and strengthen relationships with their children. Research and our experience have shown that children are a powerful source of motivation for clients who are working to turn their lives around and make a #180DegreeImpact for themselves and their loved ones all around them. Across communities, the faces of children stand out as bringing hope to communities and inspiring all to work toward a better future. Alvis strives to create community in every facet of our programs. We provide tools to help clients to re-engage with their families, neighbors and communities. While at Alvis, clients form their own communities that encourage growth and focus on each client’s potential rather than on their past. The supportive community we form with our clients helps them on their 180 degree journey to return to their families and communities full of hope and promise rather than addiction and despair. Our children are vital in forming loving, positive communities. At Alvis, we see children as instrumental in our programs and our commitment is extended to them, whether it is through our services for Families and Children or in the services that are dedicated to directly addressing the needs of the children. We warmly celebrate #NationalChildrensDay, and remain aware and grateful for the children who can look forward to a better future because they have been impacted by programs at Alvis! Alvis is a nonprofit human services agency with over 50 years of experience providing highly effective treatment programs in Ohio. Our vision is that communities value a person’s potential more than their past. For more information on how Alvis can help you or to learn more about how you can get involved, contact us here.

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CHICAGO (AP) Many sick kids can”t or won”t swallow pills and that can make them sicker. But there may be some pretty simple ways to help the medicine go down, a new study says. Dr. Kathleen Bradford and colleagues at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill reviewed research on pill-swallowing techniques. Several seemed to help, including flavored swallowing spray, a special pill cup and just practice with a regular cup and fake pills or candy. Here”s more about pill-swallowing: HARD TO SWALLOW Swallowing medicine is hard for at least 1 in 10 kids, Bradford said. Taste, pill size, fear and discomfort are among the reasons. The result can be missed doses of prescribed medicine and worsening of symptoms it”s meant to treat. SOME TESTED TECHNIQUES Research is scant; five studies published since 1986 were reviewed. A technique used in two studies started with tiny dummy pills, moving up to regular-sized tablets. Children were taught to sit up straight, place the pill on the tongue and swallow with water. A special pill cup helped in a different study. One model has a spout for the pill, releasing it when the water is sipped. But most kids learned using a regular cup, with practice. In the other studies: swallowing with the head in different positions including chin-up or turned to one side worked for some; as did throat spray to mask the icky flavor and help pills glide down. GRAIN OF SALT While each of the methods studied helped some kids, the studies were generally small and had limitations, including lack of follow-up to see if benefits lasted long after the studies ended. Bradford said swallowing methods should be tested in larger, more rigorous research. Her study was published Monday in Pediatrics. WHY NOT CRUSH Crushing pills into food isn”t generally advised particularly for extended-release medicine because crushing can release a higher-than-intended dose all at once. Also, some pills” medicine flavor can”t be disguised, Bradford said. MAKE IT FUN There probably isn”t a one-size-fits-all swallowing technique, but making pill-taking fun instead of punitive is helpful, Bradford said. At her hospital, kids are encouraged to think of tongues as water slides, and swallowing a pill gives it a ride into the stomach. Safe medication practices: http://www.ismp.org/Tools/DoNotCrush.pdf . AP Medical Writer Lindsey Tanner can be reached at http://www.twitter.com/LindseyTanner

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Introduction to Interscholastic Music is an online course, brought to you by the National Federation of State High School Associations, designed to provide an overview of best practices in the music classroom and interscholastic music competitions. The skills taught in this course introduce and reinforce time tested guidelines and techniques that music educators of any level of proficiency can use in directing music programs across the United States. Although this course is useful at any point of a music teachers career this course is best fit for music educators in their beginning years. Upon completion of this course, you will have the skills and knowledge necessary to develop the strategies and tools needed to be successful in the music classroom. Course comes with 1. Course Introduction1 Sections - What To Expect 2. Role and Responsibilities o...4 Sections - How to Organize Your Year - Scheduling, Facilities, Grading - Classroom Management - Festivals, Contests, All-State 3. Identifying Proficiency and...3 Sections - Knowing Your Ensemble - Mentorship Programs 4. Enhance the Music Classroom...4 Sections - SMART Goal - Assessing Effectiveness of Your Goals - The Seven R's - Course Conclusion This Course Includes - Approved for 3 Clock Hours - Certificate of Completion - Additional Resources NFHS National Coaching Credentials The NFHS Learning Center offers a 3-level national coaching credential that helps you gain knowledge you can use to provide a fun, educational, and a safer environment for your students. This national credential was developed for individuals who are currently coaching or aspire to coach at the interscholastic level. The goal is to enhance the ability of the coach to better serve students, the school, the community, and the profession of coaching. Frequently Asked Questions I’m not receiving the reset password email.If you don’t receive an email after trying to reset your password, be sure to check your spam mailbox. If you don’t find the email there, Contact us the Help Desk I have more than one child and both need to take NFHS Learning Center courses. Can they use the same account?No, we are unable to put multiple people on the same account and are required to rely on the profile information originally provided to determine who took course(s) in an account. Each individual needs to create an account using a unique email address. This can be done by visiting www.nfhslearn.com and selecting “register” in the upper right-hand corner. How do I order a course?Courses are purchased through the Courses page, which is found in the white menu bar at the top of your screen. Select the course you wish to order. You will be directed to that course page. From here, select your state and click “Order Course.” Continue through the checkout process or go back to Courses to order additional courses in the same transaction. After I complete a course how do I access my certificate? From your Dashboard, select “My Certificates.” You can then download PDF certificates of all courses completed within the account. How do I order courses to distribute to others for completion?Select the courses you wish to order from the Courses page in the white menu bar at the top of your screen. During the ordering process you will be asked who will complete the course(s). When prompted, select “Others.” Once the ordering process is completed, the course(s) will be available on your Dashboard in the “My Courses” tab under the “Distribution” option.

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3D printing enters the most challenging environments… including outer space11 July 2017 One of the most exciting aspects of the modern 3D printing sector is how often we are seeing the technology establishing itself in new environments — many of which would have been unthinkable just ten years ago. When we interviewed Dr Richard Buswell of the University of Loughborough, he spoke about how in addition to the advances made in printing concrete, 3D printing could actually be utilised on-site for construction sites. Not only would this allow parts such as shutters to be generated when needed rather than shipped over, saving on transport costs, it would also help reduce the number of people working at height, in the ground or with hazardous materials as a new building is brought to life. The result would be a new breed of construction site — one that is safer, more efficient, and more cost-effective to run. We saw a further example of this earlier this month, when defencetech.org reported that US Marines on deployment in Afghanistan and Iraq had been issued with desktop 3D printers. While companies like Paragon Rapid Technologies have already been successfully providing additive manufacturing services for a number of defence and security companies for some time now, the deployment of 3D printers ‘on the ground’, with full training in their use provided for the Marines represents a whole new application for the technology. The printers are already being used to generate everything from tools, to medical supplies and replacement parts for sophisticated technology. Plans are also apparently in place to deploy a 3D-printed drone in the near future. Even further afield (to say the least!), Poland’s VSHAPER have contributed their technology to the M.A.R.S (Modular Analog Research Station) project. This fascinating initiative will test six people’s experiences in a modular base, located in Rzepiennik Biskupi that simulates the conditions they would go through on a real-life lunar or Martian base. VSHAPER’s printers will be utilised to generate components on-site, just like they would in the envisaged off-world bases. The M.A.R.S project is not the only research initiative exploring the possibilities of 3D printing as part of space exploration. NASA recently completed phase 2 of their 3D-Printed Habitat Challenge, where teams from around the world compete to design sustainable housing solutions for deep space exploration. While phase 1 revolved around innovative architectural concepts, phase 2 required the competitors to actually 3D print a beam that could be utilised in the construction of an off-world habitat, utilising a mix of recycled materials and simulated Martian soil. Not only will this technology be a boon for future space explorers, it also has huge implications back on Earth, where it could potentially be used to generate sustainable, affordable housing. Such visionary applications of 3D printing are a testament to the strides it has made in recent years, and the confidence it has built up in sectors with extremely rigorous, demanding requirements. As the both industry and the general public become aware of such developments, it will open new doors for 3D printing specialists to apply their expertise to new challenges and further raise the technology’s reputation. Subscribe to our newsletter Get our best content straight to your inbox

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Lake Ontario broke a record this July for hottest surface water temperature ever recorded on the lake since 1995. Lake Ontario isn’t alone. All five of the Great Lakes’ surface water temperatures are still above their 1995-2020 averages as of Aug. 21, according to NOAA Great Lakes CoastWatch. According to air temperature predictions made by NOAA Weather Service, above normal air temperatures during the rest of August and September could potentially translate to continued high surface temperatures in the Great Lakes for the rest of summer. The most staggering representation of these increased temperatures comes from Lake Ontario, which reached 76.928 degrees Fahrenheit on July 10. That is 9.72 degrees above the average temperature for July 10 from 1995 to 2020 and constitutes the warmest surface water temperature ever recorded on Lake Ontario, according to NOAA CoastWatch data. The surface water temperature of Lake Ontario continues to remain above average, having hit 73.814 degrees Fahrenheit on Aug. 20. These high water temperatures are mainly caused by persistent warm weather along with light winds. “Climate change is clearly affecting the Great Lakes,” Andrea Vanderwoude, manager of the Great Lakes CoastWatch, said in an email. “This particular warming is consistent with the larger warming that is occurring.” According to Vanderwoude, these warmer temperatures in the Great Lakes could translate to different types of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria increasing in biomass and a potential increase in harmful algae blooms, depending on nutrient availability. She also emphasized that the warmer water can influence food web dynamics, with fish species that prefer colder temperatures seeking deeper, cooler water. Drew Gronewold, hydrologist and associate professor with the University of Michigan’s School for Environment and Sustainability, noted that from a hydrologic perspective, temperatures at the surface of the lakes can heat up very quickly when there’s a heatwave. Depending on the circulation patterns of the lakes, they can absorb the additional heat at the surface and become cool again. More heat waves are to be expected in the region this summer, with both the National Weather Service in Grand Rapids and Detroit forecasting increasing high temperatures over the course of the next week. Rather hot and dry weather is forecast for our area through the next week! High temperatures will reach the middle 80’s to near 90 degrees from Friday through at least next Wednesday. The next chance for rain of any significance will not come until late next week. #wmiwx #miwx pic.twitter.com/QTK1cL0qkn — NWS Grand Rapids (@NWSGrandRapids) August 20, 2020 “The biggest concern that I have is if we have extremely cold and dry air in the fall, that can really exacerbate evaporation,” Gronewold said. “If the lakes are absorbing all this heat right now, and we get cold blasts of air in October, November and December that’s dry, we could actually have water levels go down quite a bit, which is what’s happened in the past.” The consequence Gronewold explained above is known as lake effect snow, which occurs when air that crosses the lakes is colder than the water. Whether the warming trend will hold remains to be seen. The temperatures generally cooled down a bit in early August, but have since risen as of Aug. 21. The lakes’ surface water temperatures could continue to stay above their 1995-2020 averages as we prepare for hotter than normal air temperatures throughout the rest of August and September. Read more stories on climate change on Great Lakes Now: Featured image: Lake Erie (Great Lakes Now Episode 1013)

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Abolitionists and suffragists shared activist spaces as early as the mid-19th century. However, though members often overlapped, shared goals and spoke to the same crowds, talks of the 15th Amendment caused rifts in each movement after the Civil War. Women’s rights activists like Angelina and Sarah Grimke, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton got their start in abolition. Mott helped found the American Anti-Slavery Society, of which women made up a significant percentage. They formed local women-only branches including the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society, notable for its promotion of racial and gender equality and inclusion of Black women as leaders and members. Additionally, some well-known abolitionists like Gerrit Smith and Frederick Douglass voiced support for the women’s rights movement. Douglass spoke at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 and was one of 32 men who signed the Declaration of Sentiments there. In 1866 he co-founded the American Equal Rights Association alongside Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. The organization demanded universal suffrage in the United States. However, supporting universal suffrage eventually proved a daunting and dangerous task for Black men, whom Douglass argued faced prejudice and violence that made their need for the vote more urgent. Though he never abandoned support for women’s suffrage, Douglass began to fight for the passage of the 15th Amendment, which aimed to enfranchise men of all races, but not women. After the passage of the 15th Amendment, Douglass wholeheartedly supported a new amendment meant to enfranchise women and thanked women’s rights activists for their support of Black liberation. In 1888, he spoke before the International Council of Women, in Washington, D.C.: “All good causes are mutually helpful. The benefits accruing from this movement for the equal rights of woman are not confined or limited to woman only. They will be shared by every effort to promote the progress and welfare of mankind everywhere and in all ages. It was an example and a prophecy of what can be accomplished against strongly opposing forces, against time-hallowed abuses, against deeply entrenched error, against worldwide usage, and against the settled judgment of mankind, by a few earnest women, clad only in the panoply of truth, and determined to live and die in what they considered a righteous cause.” Despite Douglass’s steadfast support of women’s enfranchisement, his support for the 15th Amendment felt like a betrayal to white suffragists. Established alliances between abolitionists and suffragists fell to pieces, and many white women who got their start in abolition voiced disdain for the nation’s prioritization of Black enfranchisement. Unable to agree on a position about the 15th Amendment, white suffragists split into two main organizations. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony co-founded the National Woman Suffrage Association, which argued that women should demand the 15th Amendment also include women’s suffrage. Those who supported the passage of the amendment as-is joined the American Woman Suffrage Association, led by Lucy Stone and her husband Henry Brown Blackwell. Elizabeth Cady Stanton preached that the 15th Amendment would “create an antagonism everywhere between educated, refined women and the lower orders of men, especially in the South.” Read “lower orders” as immigrants and freed slaves; in the same speech she asked her audience to “think of Patrick and Sambo and Hans and Yung Tung, who do not know the difference between a monarchy and a republic, who cannot read the Declaration of Independence or Webster’s spelling book, making laws for … Susan B. Anthony.” Still, in the face of racism from the movement’s leaders, Douglass argued for women’s rights until his death. Take a look at Frederick Douglass in SCUA’s Digital Collections at these links: Portrait of Frederick Douglass, undated Engraving of Frederick Douglass, 1845 Engraving of Frederick Douglass, circa 1855 Engraving of Frederick Douglass, circa 1881 Photograph of Frederick Douglass, circa 1893 This item is featured along others about suffrage in the exhibition Get Out the Vote: Suffrage and Disenfranchisement in America. Rigby Philips, History, specializing in women’s history and the history of sexuality (2021)

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Over the recent years, the relationship between politics and science has been uneasy (Silver 2006). The governments across the world have continued to expand their support in the science researches conducted in individual countries. The expansion in the field of environmental as scientists struggle to find remedies for various impending disasters calls for an increase in the budget allocation for the sector. Despite the efforts of these scientists, their voice is weakened by the same government officials (Lamb 2005). The members of the congress make the vital decisions after completion of a project. The scientists are cut off from major decision making after finalization of the project. Scientists have the right to be included in major decisions involving their projects. The inclusion is a source of motivation for the scientists as it gives them a feeling of appreciation. Science is considered as part of politics. However, there should be a blend between the two aspects that is science and politics (Pielke 2006). The overall decision-making process after a successful research should involve discussion between the government and the designated scientists. The scientific societies have the responsibility to address these issues to the government. The societies give the scientists the ability to speak in a unanimous voice. The societies have the power to influence people during the election periods. However, the scientists do not have a significant effect in political issues. The congress is currently involved in climate change deliberations. During such discussions, it is vital for the members of the congress should include several scientists to voice their opinion in the matter and shape the direction of the talks. In general, there is need to involve the scientists in crucial decision-making process before and after a project. Do lobbyists and special groups have an influence in funding the environmental researches? Special groups and lobbyists campaigning for environmental sustainability spend millions as they try to foster talks in the Congress. These efforts have seen an increase in the funding of environmental projects. However, the congress has imposed several bills to curb the power of the lobbyists. The groups have developed approaches that are aimed at evading the imposed policies (Milojevich 2014). The special groups and lobbyist group action have increased their activities and influences the increase of the federal government funding of projects. The interest groups make demands to the government to increase funding of vital projects that have an effect on the entire society. Environmental projects are crucial and require as much funding as the medical researches. The groups use different tactics in ensuring that the funds they are advocating for are provided. Models in political science suggest that for the lobbyists groups must have a significant impact on the legislature so that there are higher chances of being funded. There must be mutual understanding between the groups and the legislature which requires trust between the two. The lobbyists are believed to have an effect on the voting process of the legislature. However, other scholars have indicated that the groups have no power over the Congress but rather they reinforce the legislatures decisions (Milojevich 2014). The groups also play a major part in interpreting the Congress policies and plans. Also, the Congress has the option to assent to the proposals of a group that is believed to have expertise on the matter being deliberated. It is, thus, clear that lobbyist groups and special groups have a role in influencing the government to increase funding of researches. Lamb, G. (2005). Science and politics: a dangerous mix. Christian Science Monitor, 97(213), 11-13.Milojevich, A. K. (2014). Interest Groups, Political Party Control, Lobbying, and ScienceFunding: A Population Ecology Approach. Pielke Jr, R. A. (2006). When scientists politicize science. Regulation, 29, 28.Silver, H. J. (2006). Science and politics: The uneasy relationship. Open Spaces Quarterly, 8. Cite this page Should Scientists Be Cut Out of the Policy Making Process? Essay Example. (2019, Dec 20). Retrieved from https://speedypaper.com/essays/should-scientists-be-cut-out-of-the-policy-making-process If you are the original author of this essay and no longer wish to have it published on the SpeedyPaper website, please click below to request its removal: - Free Essay on How Social Media Has Changed the Political Landscape - Free Essay Sample on the Case of Brown and Its Ruling - Essay Sample with an Analysis of Crime Investigation Approaches - Social Media Influence Essay Examples - Re-Election Prospects for Paul Ryan. Politics Essay Example. - Essay Example on Ageism in Healthcare - Mellody Hobson on Cultural Identity. Speech Analysis Essay Sample.

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UNM professor aims to train more special education and speech-language professionals to help children with autism in NM Dr. Cindy Gevarter, an assistant professor in the Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences at UNM, recently was awarded a grant for $830,000 to create Project SCENES– a program dedicated to increasing the number of special education professionals and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working in New Mexico who focus on social communication interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The project supports graduate students in UNM’s Special Education and Speech and Hearing Sciences departments who are interested in working with children with autism. The program is funded by the U.S. Department of Education Office of Special Education Programs and has welcomed its first cohort of seven graduate students who started in the Fall 2021 semester. Gevarter said she was inspired to create the program after “seeing the need for more collaboration and understanding between professionals who work with young children with autism.” Thus, Project SCENES seeks to provide interprofessional training to individuals who will be working with young children with autism in New Mexico. “The prevalence of ASD has continued to increase. Current estimates suggest 1 in 44 children have ASD,” Gevarter said. “Early intervention is critical for improving social communication outcomes of children with ASD. In New Mexico, there are shortages of early intervention providers, preschool special education teachers, and SLPs who have specialized knowledge of ASD.” “Based on my knowledge and experience, I reached out to Dr. Susan Copeland, co-director of Project SCENES, in UNM’s Special Education Department to discuss a collaborative training grant between our two departments,” Gevarter said. From this, Project SCENES was born. The program focuses on interventions that are not only evidence-based, but are also “developmentally appropriate naturalistic models that consider cultural and familial needs.” “The emphasis on collaboration during pre-professional training also aims to increase the likelihood that our SCENES scholars will have the skills necessary to collaborate with other professionals in their future roles,” Gevarter said. In addition to taking specialized coursework, SCENES scholars will participate in UNM’s Center for Developmental Disabilities LEND (Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental Disabilities and Related Disabilities) program. They will also get to put their skills to the test by participating in community-based practicums and clinical placements involving children in early intervention (ages 0 to 3) or in preschool settings (ages 3 to 5). “They will also work with children between the ages of 2 and 4 as part of a collaborative summer clinic at the UNM Speech and Hearing Sciences Clinic under the supervision of UNM clinical instructor Mary Hartley. During the clinic, they will also have opportunities to work directly with parents,” Gevarter said. Erin Gallegos, a first-year graduate student in the Speech and Hearing Sciences Department who is seeking a degree in Speech-Language Pathology, is part of the first cohort of students. “I was attracted to Project SCENES because I am passionate about working with children with autism,” Gallegos said. “The grant also allows for collaboration with other professionals who work with kids with autism, such as the special education students in my cohort. I also appreciate that Project SCENES is multifaceted, with emphasis on clinical experience as well as advocacy.” Gallegos said Project SCENES is important because there is always a need for autism-specific intervention providers, especially in an under-resourced state like New Mexico. “The training that this program provides is sure to help meet this need. Additionally, collaboration between clinical professionals and educators is so important when working with children with autism. Sharing of knowledge, expertise, and strategies can have a huge impact, especially since so many children with autism present with diverse symptoms and behaviors.” Gallegos has completed one semester of Project SCENES and said it has been a great experience so far. “I think that the experience of working in an interdisciplinary environment has been and will continue to be very valuable to my education. The additional coursework with an emphasis on autism has continued to give me more knowledge to build a clinical practice on.”

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Comparing Utility Use on An International Scale The economy of India, like the rest of the world, is dependent on oil one way or the other. However, the demand for sustainability warrants alternate solutions that are not only cheap, but less taxing on the environment. This has bred the promotion of electric vehicles in Delhi NCR. Whether this step is counter-productive or not, time will tell. The promotion has taken speed because just last year, India was named as one of the least green countries of the world. The reason was increased dependence on thermal power and the scarcity of alternatives like electric cars and other green initiatives. In the vein of the precedent that has been explained earlier, an initiative in the form of Mahindra E20 has been launched this April. This is an electric car that offers smart and environmentally friendly travel. The cars are being manufactured in a platinum certified plant. Another thing is that the manufacturers are using more of light energy from the sun to lower their carbon emissions/footprints. The green gas initiative is quite similar to one offered by http://www.ohiogascompanies.com/ and other U.S state-based gas companies. The Sun2Car technology The technology featured in this car has been dubbed as Sun2Car and its dependent solar panels for running the car. Through this, the vehicle owners can use clean energy for their lives. Some analysts are of the idea that manufacturing an electric car is environmentally more taxing than a conventional car. Among the attractions of the car is its ease in handling. The charging time is as low as five hours and a decent output can be obtained. The one thing that should be worked on is the cost, which is on the higher side. If Mahindra E20 wants to be big in Delhi and India, they would need to reduce their cost. The company for now is quite optimistic that they would be able to sell at least 500 units each month. The battery being used is lithium ion phosphate base and is regarded as safe for use in electric cars. The energy management systems that are part of the manufacturing process are under patent and have been used to ensure that the battery remains safe. The state of eco-manufacturing in India While the launch of this electric car can be taken as a good step, some things that remain to be seen are the infrastructure costs. The government has formulated plans like National Mobility Plan 2020 with the focus on opting for alternate energy and its derivatives. Earlier in 2013, the Prime Minister mentioned about the tax benefits that would be there for eco-friendly projects. As per the project, India envisages to have as many as 6 to 7 million electric cars by the end of the decade. While this would save fuel in the range of 2 to 2.5 million tons, the infrastructure cost is high and ranges to 4 billion dollars. India would need more companies in the vein of Mahindra group to come forward and launch such initiatives. The hurdles right now are pertaining to the profits. With the government showing lenient offerings on tax, such projects can be launched nationwide and not just Delhi NCR.

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In some ways, low-density and high-density polyethylene are quite similar. Both substances are marked by a high degree of scratch resistance; both are suitable as food containers or wrappings; both are sterilizable. Fortunately for the environment, both materials are also 100% recyclable. How do you dispose of polyethylene? Landfill – Another way to dispose of HDPE plastic is to throw it into a landfill. This is a place where the plastic can degrade over time. However, it takes over 400 years for HDPE to degrade, so most of it still exists in some form, oftentimes in a landfill. Is all polyethylene recyclable? The majority of plastic films are made from polyethylene resin and are readily recyclable if the material is clean and dry. The resin coding system was originally intended for rigid plastic containers only. However, many manufacturers put the code on plastic films too. Is polyethylene eco friendly? 1) It’s extremely eco-friendly That’s right, bio-based polyethylene is perfect for those who are looking to reduce the number of carbon emissions they create in the world, lower their overall energy consumption and protect the environment. What plastics Cannot be recycled? Examples of non-recyclable plastics include bioplastics, composite plastic, plastic-coated wrapping paper and polycarbonate. Well known non-recyclable plastics include cling film and blister packaging. Can Low Density polyethylene be recycled? Products made using LDPE plastic are reusable, but not recyclable. What is the most environmentally friendly way to dispose of plastic? Dividing waste into different elements can help keep the environment clean. Plastic is to be kept separately from the wet/liquid and organic waste so that it is easy to hand it over for recycling. The clean segregated plastic should be sent for recycling through ragpickers/ recycling agencies. What is recycled polyethylene? Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a highly recyclable plastic resin and a form of polyester. … PET also is inexpensive, lightweight, resealable, shatter-resistant, and recyclable. Recycled polyethylene terephthalate is known as RPET, and it is the most widely recycled plastic in the world. Why are some plastics not recyclable? However, thermoset plastics “contain polymers that cross-link to form an irreversible chemical bond,” meaning that no matter how much heat you apply, they cannot be remelted into new material and hence, non-recyclable. “while so many plastic products are disposable, plastic lasts forever in the environment. Why polyethylene is not biodegradable? Most plastics in use today are made of polyethylene terephthalate, or PET for short, and are nearly indestructible. It is nearly impossible to decompose PET plastics because most bacteria cannot break them down. Is polyethylene bad for environment? #1, PETE or PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) — Used for clear beverage bottles. Widely recyclable; generaly considered safe, with some precautions. … Not widely recyclable; recommended to avoid because it can leach toxins into food and is an environmental problem throughout its lifecycle. How long does it take for polyethylene to biodegrade? So, how long does this plastic stuff stick around for? Well, according to some researchers, they estimate that due to the PET used in objects like plastic bags, plastic water bottles and plastic straws, it could take upwards of 450 years to decompose. Yep, a rather frightening estimation.

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For proper functioning of our body, energy is required. The food that we consume is transformed by our body into energy. Body consumes some energy for smooth-running of various processes like breathing, digestion and heart beating. What is left is to be expended on a daily basis through physical activities. Walking, climbing stairs, gardening, biking and performing household chores are few of the examples of physical activities. People who do not invest time in expending energy by performing adequate physical activities suffer from serious health issues. Regular exercise or physical activity is very helpful in keeping various kinds of health diseases at bay. It improves your overall health. It is very important for maintaining a healthy weight. As you practice regular exercise, calorie burning process takes place in a healthier way. Being physically inactive may lead to various medical conditions and diseases. If anyone belonging to any age lives a physically inactive life, their chances of experiencing serious health issues are very high. Here is the list of health risks that are associated with inadequate physical activity Lack of physical activities may result in arthritis. Exercise helps in strengthening your muscles. Thus muscles around joints get enough strength and energy. Lack of exercise may worsen the health of your joint muscles which in turn results in arthritis. Regular exercise helps in managing a healthy weight. Lack of adequate physical activity plays a key role in leading towards abnormal weight gain. Dieting alone does not help to reduce additional weight. Dieting when combined with exercise works wonder in healthy weight control. Physical inactivity can lead to cardiovascular diseases. You can handle this problem with adequate physical activity. Heart muscle gets stronger with physical activity. Thus, it is capable of pumping blood to various parts of your body in a more effective way. Vigorous exercise helps in preventing various heart diseases. Regular exercise helps in keeping your arteries flexible. Fluctuations in blood pressure levels are more in the people with inadequate physical activity. Exercise helps in preventing various health risks. The risk of diabetes can be reduced with regular exercise. Otherwise, the risk of developing diabetes is high. Stress is also playing a major role in contributing the development of diabetes. Exercise has its role in controlling stress. As a result, you can prevent the risk of diabetes. Also, exercise helps in keeping your body physically and mentally fit. Lack of exercise worsens your mental health. Increased stress levels lead to various psychological problems. Exercise helps in boosting your mental health. Thus, you are relieved from depression and anxiety. Endorphin is a hormone that can be boosted through exercise and this hormone plays a major role in reducing the levels of anxiety and depression. Lack of exercise is increasing various digestion problems. You may experience various difficulties in the functioning of your digestive tract. Constipation is one of such digestive disorder that occurs as a result of an inadequate physical activity. Constipation, when not handled on right time leads to serious health risks. Hence, prefer to include exercise in your routine in order to beat constipation. Lack of physical activity may raise the risk of developing certain kinds of cancer. Adequate exercises play a major role in reducing the risk of cancers. If you do not venture your time in exercising, you are likely to be affected by memory loss problem. Exercise helps in keeping you fit and healthy. Cognitive functioning can be boosted by incorporating exercise into your daily routine. Exercise promotes good quality of sleep. Also, exercise helps in uplifting your mood. Doing so, exercise helps in promoting functionality of your brain. Adequate physical activity helps in making you fit and healthy. Exercise acts as a preventive measure in reducing the risks of various health problems. You can reduce the trip to the doctor by incorporating the regular exercise routine into your lifestyle.

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Józef Kania lived in Warsaw with his wife Ludmiła and son Andrzej (born in 1939). Before the war he worked at the weapons factory in Fort Wola. In 1939 Józef became the owner of a house in the village of Blizne Jasińskiego on the outskirts of Warsaw. Moving into his new apartment was halted by the outbreak of the war. At the end of 1942, his friend from the weapons factory, Mr Golb, came to see him. The man asked him to provide his home in Bliznem to his family. He explained to him, that he was looking for a quiet place to stay at, because Żoliborze became a very dangerous area. Man asked in other places, but everyone refused him. Golb family, accompanied by a 5-year-old girl Marta, moved into the house. The girl was introduced to Józef as the daughter of Mrs Golb’s deceased sister. Over time, Joseph began to suspect, and rightly so, that Marta was a Jewess. Golb family took care of her, after the Gestapo took her parents to Auschwitz. Everyone knew each other in their block of flats, and Golbs were afraid, that they would recognize Marta as a Jewess. Barbara Kowalska, daughter of Kania, recalls: „My father, after learning about Marta’s origin, went into shock. Worst of all, Golbs lied to him. As he said, he was afraid of making a decision. Both sides were in grave danger. On one hand: his wife and son Andrzej. Also, my mother, was pregnant with me at the time. On the other hand, there were they. He didn’t have much time to make a decision. So he made a choice: you can stay”.”1. When Warsaw was becoming more dangerous, Joseph with his family also moved to Blizne. Living together carried a greater risk. „I can’t imagine, what my parents experienced. They all lived together. In the meantime, I was born. Gestapo visited us in Blizne many times, looking for the brother of Mr Golb, who was an underground activist. They brought us outside, searched the house, and a Jewess was among us. It worked.”2. In 1944, when the Warsaw uprising broke out, several people from the Kania family escaped to Blizne. When the German troops arrived in the capital with the intention of destroying the city, the soldiers occupied some of the more beautiful houses near Warsaw. This fate didn’t avoid the house, in which the Kania family lived: half of the building was occupied by the German army and some of the inhabitants were simply thrown out. Burning papers reached Blizne, and the glow over Warsaw shone so brightly that it made the day out of the night. What my parents were going through can’t be described. […] I admire my parents. They are heroes to me. I would have never been able to do what they have done”3. After the war Golbs, along with Marta, left Blizne, in which they spent last three years. In 1989, the family of Józef and Ludmiła was unexpectedly visited by the Marta, now know as Miriam Kleiman. Barbara remembers this meeting: „She found the house despite not knowing the address. I didn’t know who she was, I thought it was a mistake. My father told me a lot about the war, about the uprising, but never mentioned her. She greeted me with the words: „Your father, Józef Kania, saved my life. If not for him, I wouldn’t be alive” She told me about her experiences and about the fear, tremendous fear. She went to Israel at the age of 18, lives there still. She married an American Jew, has two children and, as she said, she is very rich. Since then, I never saw her again. Only after that meeting, did my father tell me how it was with Marta. He also remembers the fear, the fear and the horror”.4 - 1. FLV, List od Barbary Kowalskiej (z d. Kania), Warszawa, 05.09.2013 r. No extra materials

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Raster Scan methods have increasingly become the dominant technology since about 1975. These methods use the TV type raster scan. The growth in the use of such methods has been dependent on rapidly decreasing memory prices and on the availability of cheap scan generating hardware from the TV industry. The screen is coated with discrete dots of phosphor, usually called pixels, laid out in a rectangular array. The image is then determined by how each pixel is intensified. The representation of the image used in servicing the refresh system is thus an area of memory holding a value for each pixel. This memory area holding the image representation is called the frame buffer. The values in the frame buffer are held as a sequence of horizontal lines of pixel values from the top of the screen down. The scan generator then moves the beam in a series of horizontal lines with fly-back (non-intensified) between each line and between the end of the frame and the beginning of the next frame. This is illustrated below. Unlike random-scan which is a line drawing device, refresh CRT is a point-plotting device. Raster displays store the display primitives (lines, characters, shaded and patterned areas) in a refresh buffer. Refresh buffer (also called frame buffer) stores the drawing primitives in terms of points and pixels components This scan is synchronized with the access of the intensity values held in the frame buffer. The maximum number of points that can be displayed without overlap by a system is called the resolution and is quoted as the number of points per horizontal line versus the number of horizontal lines. Typical resolutions are 640*480, 1024*768, and 1280*1024. The maximum resolution is determined by the characteristics of the monitor and/or by the memory capacity available for storing the frame buffer. We’ll be covering the following topics in this tutorial: Random Scan Display Random scan displays, often termed vector Vector, Stroke, and Line drawing displays, came first and are still used in some applications. Here the characters are also made of sequences of strokes (or short lines). The electron gun of a CRT illuminates straight lines in any order. The display processor repeatedly reads a variable ‘display file’ defining a sequence of X,Y coordinate pairs and brightness or color values, and converts these to voltages controlling the electron gun. In random scan display an electron beam is deflected from endpoint to end-point. The order of deflection is dictated by the arbitrary order of the display commands. The display must be refreshed at regular intervals – minimum of 30 Hz (fps) for flicker-free display More Difference Between Vector Scan Display and Raster Scan Display

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Anyone can enjoy the relaxation and fruitful benefits of cultivating their own organic garden. Yet for someone who is just a novice, gardening can be a really intimidating thing to think about. How then should someone who does not have any experience start getting involved with organic gardening? Keep reading to discover some useful tips and tactics. Include your children in your efforts to organic gardening. Toiling together in the garden brings your family closer together and offers many different opportunities to learn new things and instill green values. Are you a parent? If you are, try planting some strawberries like everbearing strawberries in your garden. Children enjoy picking fresh fruit, especially if they can eat it right away. One of the problems that people come up against when trying to grow organic plants indoors is a lack of natural light. If your house or apartment doesn’t get a lot of natural light, one option is to grow something that only requires medium or low light. If you cannot achieve success merely through plant selection, consider using artificial light sources. Take your seedlings and saplings to a cooler spot once they are established. Take your plants out of the heat once they start to grow. Plastic films should be removed on the containers, as that helps to keep out humidity and warmth. Check on your seeds periodically to make sure you know when to remove the films. Add three inches of mulch to your flower beds. Covering the beds with mulch serves multiple purposes; it helps the flowers by retaining moisture and adding nutrients, and it discourages the growth of unwanted plants. A layer of mulch also creates a more attractive appearance. Coffee grounds are good for your soil. Coffee grounds are filled with nitrogen, that is a nutrient required by plants. Many times, nitrogen is a limiting nutrient in soils. Adding coffee grounds or compost can add nitrogen to your soils will help your plants grow tall and healthy. An old laundry basket makes a great way to gather your harvest. A laundry basket will act as a strainer for your produce. Rinse the product off whilst it’s in the basket so that any extra water can strain through the laundry basket’s holes. In your compost, use green and dried plants in equal parts. Examples of green plant material are spent flowers, fruit and vegetable waste, grass clippings, weeds, and leaves. Examples of dried plant material are sawdust, shredded paper, straw, cut-up woody material, and cardboard. Certain substances will undermine your composting efforts and cancel out any benefits; these include meat, charcoal, ash or plants that have diseases or fungal growths. If slugs are a problem in your garden, use a beer trap to kill them naturally. To create a beer trap, dig a hole in your garden that is the depth of a glass jar, leaving the mouth of the jar level with the soil. Fill the jar with beer to an inch below the jar’s top. Slugs will be attracted to the beer and fall into the jar. Organic gardening can be more difficult than gardening with chemicals, but the end result makes it worth it. Growing your crops organically will offer the best reward for those who eat the foods. Water demands from plants will depend on the season and the climate in your area. The amount of water needed will change based on time of the day, the content of your municipal water and what your soil make-up is. In warm climates with high humidity, for instance, plants often develop fungal infections when water is applied to the leaves. Instead focus on watering the root system. Use mulch to enhance the health of your soil. A thick layer of mulch offers protection to the soil underneath it. It keeps the soil cool on very hot days, thus protecting the roots in the ground. It also keeps soil moist longer by preventing water evaporation. As an added bonus, weed growth will be stunted. It should now be clear to you why so many people find organic gardening enjoyable. Working in your garden will bring you great relaxation while you have a fun experience. By applying the advice and insights of this article, you can garden as good as the professionals.

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These tumors arise from cells in the pancreas that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide. The main symptom is watery diarrhea. Diagnosis includes blood and imaging tests. Treatment is replacement of fluids and electrolytes and surgery. Vipomas are a type of pancreatic endocrine tumor Overview of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors The pancreas is an organ located in the upper part of the abdomen. It produces digestive juices that are secreted into the digestive tract. The pancreas also produces insulin, which helps control... read more . About 50 to 75% of these tumors are cancerous (malignant). In about 6% of people, vipoma occurs as part of a disorder called multiple endocrine neoplasia Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes (MEN) Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes are rare, inherited disorders in which several endocrine glands develop noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant) tumors or grow excessively without... read more . Symptoms of Vipoma The major symptom of vipoma is prolonged massive watery diarrhea. People produce 1 to 3 quarts (1,000 to 3,000 milliliters) of stool per day, causing dehydration. In 50% of people, diarrhea is constant, and in the rest, the severity of the diarrhea varies over time. Because the diarrhea removes many of the body’s normal salts, people often develop low blood levels of potassium (hypokalemia Hypokalemia (Low Level of Potassium in the Blood) In hypokalemia, the level of potassium in blood is too low. A low potassium level has many causes but usually results from vomiting, diarrhea, adrenal gland disorders, or use of diuretics. A... read more ) and excessively acidic blood (acidosis Acidosis Acidosis is caused by an overproduction of acid that builds up in the blood or an excessive loss of bicarbonate from the blood (metabolic acidosis) or by a buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood... read more ). These changes can cause lethargy, muscular weakness, nausea, vomiting, and crampy abdominal pain. Some people have flushing. Diagnosis of Vipoma A doctor bases the diagnosis of vipoma on the person’s diarrhea symptoms and finding elevated levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the blood. People with elevated levels of VIP should also have the imaging tests endoscopic ultrasonography Ultrasound Scanning (Ultrasonography) of the Abdomen Ultrasound scanning uses sound waves to produce pictures of internal organs (see also Ultrasonography). An ultrasound scan can show the size and shape of many organs, such as the liver and pancreas... read more , positron emission tomography Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Positron emission tomography (PET) is a type of radionuclide scanning. A radionuclide is a radioactive form of an element, which means it is an unstable atom that becomes more stable by releasing... read more (PET), and octreotide scintigraphy or arteriography (an x-ray taken after a radiopaque dye is injected into an artery) to detect the location of the vipoma. Treatment of Vipoma Replacement of fluids and electrolytes Initially fluids and electrolytes (minerals in the blood such as potassium and sodium) must be replaced by vein (intravenously). Bicarbonate must be given to replace that lost in the stool and to prevent acidosis. Because water and electrolytes continue to be lost in the stool as rehydration is achieved, doctors may find it difficult to continually replace water and electrolytes. The drug octreotide usually controls diarrhea, but large doses may be needed. Surgical removal of the vipoma cures about 50% of people whose tumor has not spread. Surgery may temporarily relieve symptoms in people whose tumor has spread. Chemotherapy drugs may reduce diarrhea and the size of the tumor but do not cure the disease.

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In the United States and often around the world, the political landscape is filled with lawyers and legal professionals. There are some clear reasons for this. For example, a lawyer already has a deep understanding of the laws that form the basis of the government. They understand the complexities of the law, making it a natural fit (well, not always). Photo via: nbcnews,com Legal professionals also tend to be persuasive and effective when debating. There can be more to it than that, though. Below, we delve into what to know about the links between politics and the law, particularly in the United States government. The History of Law and Politics Lawyers have long been associated with holding elected office in the U.S. Since the U.S. Independence, more than half of all presidents and vice presidents, as well as Congress members, have come from a background of law. That trend has slowed somewhat, though. In the mid-19th century, it was estimated that around 80% of members of Congress were lawyers. That number went down to around 60% by the 1960s. Now, less than 40% of Congress is made up of lawyers. The office of the presidency follows a similar pattern. Along with elected office, lawyers influence politics in other ways. For example, lawyers hold offices in policymaking and lobbying, and they’re also considered thought leaders in politics. Why Do Lawyers Often Find Themselves Holding An Elected Office? There’s been some research done that looks at the links between the legal professional holding an elected office—particularly in Congress. For example, an old survey found that only 5% of the population in the U.S. had considered running for elected office, yet another survey found that around 58% of lawyers had considered it. Lawyers are more likely than other Americans to interact socially or professionally with an elected official or have a friend or family member who holds an office. They’re also more likely to have attended a legislative meeting than the average American. The concept of running for office might be top of mind for a lawyer simply because it’s something they’re around more and interact with more than people in other professions. There’s also long-time evidence that shows people who go into law are already more interested in politics. They often get interested in politics from an early age and see the law as a career that can serve as a bridge to being in office. There’s also flexibility when you work as a lawyer, so you might be more able to take time away from your practice to run for office Do Lawyers Make Good Politicians? In many cases, lawyers do make good politicians, or they’re at least effective at the job. As mentioned, they already know the legal and law system. The nation is built on laws, which are expressed in writing. Statutes and judicial decisions, as well as the Constitution and Declaration of Independence, make up laws at every level in America. Lawyers are familiar with the infrastructure of the American legal system. They work with and maybe even draft these laws on a daily basis. That’s the core reason attorneys are well-suited to governmental leadership positions—they simply know what makes the country function at a legal level. Lawyers are also used to working with people all day, every day. They work with people in a wide range of settings and people from all backgrounds and walks of life. Attorneys are constantly doing consultations negotiations, participating in meetings, and being active in community events. That leads to the development of good people skills. Lawyers learn how to read people and understand them quickly, listen, empathize, effectively communicate and offer solutions. The American legal system is inherently adversarial. That means that sides are going against each other, and a lawyer has to create a narrative showing their position is the best. Attorneys also have to create doubt and undermine the other side’s credibility. You can imagine how this would be a strength in politics. Candidates present their ideas and opinions to the public in an effort to gain support, and at the same time, they’re working to undermine the other side. Finally, the legal field is dominated by compromises and negotiations. An attorney is working to find resolutions to problems that are going to work for both sides through negotiation and compromising. These are skills that can serve someone well if they work in politics too. Skilled attorneys know when to put the pressure on, when to be aggressive and when to back off. They also know when to be conciliatory. What's Your Reaction? Brett is the Managing Editor of this website. A former business executive turned teacher, activist, and writer, Brett also operates an anonymous Twitter account with a very large following.

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Research in Data Science Data Science is a multi-disciplinary field that capitalizes on theories, methods, techniques, and algorithms from information technology (ICT), including visualization and machine learning. Data Science builds upon a foundation of theories from computer science, mathematics (in particular statistics), and social sciences, etc., to enable a large variety of applications, including predictive analytics and business intelligence, data-driven sciences (big data science), and artificial intelligence. Data Science and Artificial Intelligence are two tightly related fields, sharing major research challenges and resulting technologies, with machine learning as a notably prominent example. Teaching computers human-like, intelligent behavior is increasingly often achieved by letting AI systems learn from large and rich data, critically depending on know-how and skills from data science. About CEDAS and Data Science: In order to coordinate, strengthen, and prioritize local research efforts in data science, we are operating and extending a new research center for data science, CEDAS, together with a growing number of partners. While CEDAS first and foremost focuses on the urgently needed principal research in data science, it also embraces research-based higher education in data science (BSc., MSc., and PhD) as well as applications of data science, including data-driven science such as bioinformatics as well as applications in businesses and the society. Furthermore, CEDAS is also addressing important questions related to software and hardware infrastructure, needed to facilitate successful data science. Orthogonally to CEDAS’ technical and mathematical research directions, humanitarian and societal questions (ethics, RRI, etc.) also are an important part of the CEDAS research focus. Mission and Vision of CEDAS: UiB’s Center for Data Science, CEDAS, provides, advances, and integrates key competences on algorithms, artificial intelligence, machine learning, semantic and social information technologies, statistics, and visualization, doing excellent basic and applied research in data science, solving urgent data science challenges, and educating data scientists for academia and business. Within the mid-2020s, CEDAS has become the leading Scandinavian research center on data science and enjoys an excellent reputation on an international level due to its research and education. CEDAS research directions We have identified five research directions in data science, which CEDAS will pursue with particular emphasis: Foundations of Machine Learning we aim at a rigorous theoretical understanding of machine learning solutions and their behavior, as well as at design of new algorithms based on this understanding. Visual Data Science by integrating interactive visual data exploration, statistical manifold learning, and topological data analysis, we aim at enabling the user to access critical structures in rich data through interactive visualization. Connected Data Science we aim at understanding and predicting the outcome and behavior of complex systems from data on their components and their interactions at multiple levels of detail with a particular focus on applications in biomedicine. Behavioral Data Science on the basis of implicit and explicit data traces, left behind by users, we aim at understanding user and group behavioral patterns for simulation and prediction. we aim at understanding statistical properties of data science and machine learning with a particular focus on uncertainty and its relation to modeling and prediction.

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Health care professionals use CT scans as a diagnostic tool for multiple types of cancer, including lung cancer. However, a CT scan can be wrong about cancer. This type of testing may miss the presence of lung cancer or produce false positives that can lead to unnecessary and expensive additional testing. Understanding CT Scans CT is short for computerized tomography. CT scans are sometimes referred to as CAT scans. Using CT scans, healthcare workers are able to obtain information about what is happening inside of the body without having to operate. How CT Scans Are Used to Diagnose Lung Cancer According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), CT scans provide a clearer picture of a patient’s organs, bones, and soft tissues than a standard x-ray. In cancer diagnoses, a CT scan can detect the presence of abnormal cell growth and pinpoint a tumor’s shape, size, and location. Doctors can use continued CT imaging to monitor a tumor’s growth, see if treatment is shrinking a tumor, or check for the recurrence of a tumor. CT scans can be used on virtually any part of the body, and full-body scans are available. This type of testing is often used to detect: - Lung cancer - Colon cancer - Stomach cancer - Breast cancer - Prostate cancer - Liver cancer For a free legal consultation, call (800) 794-0444 When a CT Scan Is Wrong About Cancer When a CT scan fails to detect the presence of cancer, it can mean a delay in treatment. According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the earlier cancer is diagnosed, the better the prognosis. Some lung cancers may be easier to treat in their early stages, and early diagnosis may mean treatment can begin before the cancer spreads (metastasizes). Sometimes, a CT scan may result in false positives. An abnormality on a CT scan may lead to an incorrect diagnosis of cancer. To confirm the scan, your doctor may order additional tests, such as a biopsy. If it turns out the CT scan was wrong, you have now undergone an expensive and unneeded procedure. CT Scans Pose Health Risks CT scans may have negative side effects. To help get a clearer picture, some doctors may have patients take a contrast dye. An allergic reaction to the dye is possible, with symptoms including nausea, rash, and shortness of breath. Rarely, patients experience more serious side effects, such as a drop in blood pressure or kidney problems. According to the American Cancer Society, CT scans expose patients to more radiation than X-rays. They may also cost up to 10 times as much. It is important to make sure a CT scan is the most reliable, safest option for diagnosing the type of lung cancer your doctor suspects you may have. You want to ensure you are getting the most accurate diagnosis possible, as well as not needlessly undergoing a CT or any other procedure. More About Missed or Wrong Diagnoses If you believe your CT scan was wrong about your lung cancer, you are not alone. The Journal of Clinical Oncology found that cancer misdiagnosis may happen close to 30% of the time. This could be due to scanning errors or a misinterpretation of the scans by your oncologist. If either of these is the case, you could have legal options. Complete a Free Case Evaluation form now What You Can Do if a CT Scan Was Wrong About Lung Cancer If you had a CT scan that failed to find the presence of lung cancer, or if a CT scan wrongfully diagnosed an abnormality as cancer, you may be able to sue for your damages. If a health care provider’s negligence caused you to suffer physical, emotional, or financial harm, you might have grounds for a civil lawsuit. If your lung cancer worsened because of a failed diagnosis, an attorney could help you seek costs related to your initial diagnostic testing, as well as additional and future medical care. You may also seek compensation for time lost at work because of testing, treatments, and recovery. You may be eligible for awards for your pain and suffering. Whether an incorrect diagnosis delayed your treatments or you received a false positive, a lawyer may be able to help you win compensation for your stress, anxiety, physical suffering, and mental and emotional anguish. If you are interested in learning more about your legal options, reach out to Pintas & Mullins Law Firm. Our firm has fought for clients across the country, and we never collect a fee unless we win your case. Call our team at (800) 217-6099.

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As a matter of fact, all divine religions order fathering and sustaining orphans and warn people against mistreating them. According to these religions, severe punishment is administered to those abusing orphans. The Old Testament tells us that God is a father to the orphans. We read the following verse: “A father to the fatherless, a defender of widows, is God in his holy dwelling.” (Psalm 68:5) The Old Testament also tells us that God watches over and sustains the orphans. We read the following verse: “The Lord watches over the alien and sustains the fatherless and the widow, but he frustrates the ways of the wicked.” (Psalm 146:9) The Old Testament orders defending the cause of the orphans. We read the following verse: “Defend the cause of the weak and fatherless; maintain the rights of the poor and oppressed.” (Psalm 82:3) Also, the Old Testament tells us that if an orphan is mistreated and he cries out to God, His wrath burns and God will then kill the oppressor and render his wife a widow and his children fatherless. In the Old Testament, we read the following verses: “You shall not mistreat any widow or fatherless child. If you do mistreat them, and they cry out to me, I will surely hear their cry, and my wrath will burn, and I will kill you with the sword, and your wives shall become widows and your children fatherless.” (Exodus 22:22-24) The New Testament calls for looking after orphans. We read the following verse: ” Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after orphans and widows in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world.” (James 1:27) The Qur’an states that one of the descriptions of the righteous people who will be admitted to Paradise is giving food to the orphans for the sake of God. In the Qur’an, we read the following verses: Indeed, the righteous will drink from a cup [of wine] whose mixture is of Kafur, a spring of which the [righteous] servants of Allah will drink…They [are those who] fulfill [their] vows and fear a Day whose evil will be widespread. And they give food in spite of love for it to the needy, the orphan, and the captive. (Al-Insan 76:5-8) The Qur’an warns against devouring the property of the orphan. Besides, it orders safeguarding such property until the orphan reaches maturity. In the Qur’an, we read the following verse: “And do not approach the property of an orphan except in the way that is best until he reaches maturity.” (Al-Israa’ 17:34) Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said that he who fosters an orphan will accompany him in Paradise. Sahl bin Sa`ad narrated that Prophet Muhammad said: “I and the one who sponsors an orphan will be like this in Paradise, and he gestured with his index and middle fingers.” (Al-Bukhari) Prophet Muhammad praised those women who opt to remain widows and refuse to marry to take care of their orphan children. Abu Hurairah reports that Prophet Muhammad said: ”I will be the first one to open the gate of Paradise. All of a sudden, a woman will outstrip me. Then, I will wonder: ‘Who are you?’ She will reply: ‘I am a woman who remained a widow for the sake of orphans of mine.’” (Abu Ya`la) 1- The Glorious Qur’an (Sahih International Translation) 2- Sahih Al-Bukhari 3- The Holy Bible (Visit biblegateway.com)Soucre Link

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Inspirational teacher who puts the fun into science A passion to enthuse academically ‘at-risk’ students, many of whom are under-privileged, with a love of science has led to international recognition for inspirational teacher and Surrey alumnus Dr Nazir Amir, who has won the Humanitarian and Charities category of the Vice-Chancellor’s Alumni Awards. Nazir, who graduated with a BEng (Hons) in Electronic and Electrical Engineering in 2001, has developed a unique teaching approach to make science lessons interesting and relevant for less-academically inclined students in Singapore after witnessing first-hand how these students switched off during classes. He said: “When I started teaching, a challenge my fellow teachers and I faced was the adoption of day-to-day classroom teaching approaches that would motivate our academically ‘at-risk’ students to gain academic content, particularly in science. This was related to the perception that it was a struggle for these students to excel in the science domains such as physics, and that they would be better suited in sports or the arts. “There was also the related challenge of providing these students with avenues to demonstrate their inventiveness through knowledge acquired from science subjects .” Looking for ways to make STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) subjects more engaging, Nazir undertook a part-time PhD (whilst teaching) and researched methods that would work well for these students. The result is the RAP (Relevant, Appealing and Personal) pedagogical approach - where lessons are crafted to not only relate concepts to the real world and students’ own experiences, but also with the promise of making them appealing to keep the students intrinsically motivated and on task. Nazir developed a RAP-infused project-based curriculum, where students learn content in STEM subjects by designing and making toy projects that appeal to them. For example, in the Toy Story Telling Project, Nazir challenges his students to design and make educational toys to be used in support of telling fairy tales and nursery rhymes to younger children in nursery schools, and to under-privileged children, such as those with learning disabilities, and in orphanages. Students incorporate scientific principles and make use of recycled materials to construct the toys. In one design, a group of students made a simple tower from a cardboard tube that uses a small pulley system and a magnet to lift a prince up to Rapunzel’s room at the top of the tower. To complete the whole project, Nazir collaborated with teachers of other subjects, such as English, Computing and Art, to make content relevant for the students. In addition, important life-long values such as respect, responsibility, resourcefulness and resilience are continuously reinforced throughout this project. Thirteen years into his teaching, Nazir now regularly mentors professional communities of teachers in his school, across Singapore and regionally through workshop sessions, and has won numerous awards. These include the President’s Award for Teachers, Outstanding Physics Teacher Award, Inspiration Award for Science Teaching, the Public Service Award, and four Outstanding Contribution to School awards. In March, Nazir will be travelling to Dubai to present his work as a top 50 finalist, from 8,000 nominations, in the Global Teacher Prize 2016. Even more fulfilling for Nazir is that his students now join him in contributing to the professional development of pre-school teachers - by showcasing their toy inventions in his workshops and assisting him in demonstrating how lessons can be made appealing and engaging. “Showcasing and recognizing the creative inventions of these academically ‘at-risk’ students have instilled in them a sense of self-worth. It has also contributed to a positive change in the way they are viewed – from students who were looked upon as less motivated in STEM areas, to ones who have the potential to be developed as future inventors. “I am very happy to be able to equip teachers with skills to craft out lessons to motivate students to come to school beyond the sake of attendance or passing examinations, developing a love for the subjects that they learn. Seeing students and teachers benefit from my guidance is all the motivation I need to keep pursuing my passion in teaching.”

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In flu season, wash your hands and get the shot With the change in seasons, colds, coughs and other viruses tend to rear their ugly heads. It’s flu season. The flu is an acute respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus. While colds, coughs and even most sore throats are viruses, the telltale difference between these and the flu is that the latter strikes quickly and causes more severe symptoms — high fever, runny nose, muscle aches, headache and feeling tired. Wash your handsMohammed Ali, M.D., with Meritus Infectious Disease Specialists said the single most important step everyone can take to protect themselves from cold and flu viruses is properly washing their hands often. “When people infected with the flu virus cough or sneeze, they spread droplets of saliva through the air,” he said. “The droplets can get into your nose, mouth and eyes, or you can touch contaminated surfaces and contract the flu.” The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends you follow these five steps every time you wash your hands: • Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap and apply soap. • Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers and under your nails. • Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning to end twice as your timer. • Rinse your hands well under clean, running water. • Dry your hands using a clean towel, or air dry them. Get the shotThe flu shot helps your body develop antibodies to fight the flu. The vaccine can’t cause flu illness and, in fact, provides the best protection against the most common strains. “The CDC recommends that everyone 6 months and older get vaccinated against the flu,” Ali said. “Vaccination not only protects you against the flu, it reduces the spread of influenza throughout the community.” The flu can be a serious disease to people with certain chronic health conditions such as asthma, heart disease, diabetes or those with compromised immune systems from chemotherapy or other medical treatments. What about antibiotics?Antibiotics can be prescribed to kill bacterial infections or keep them from reproducing, but these drugs do not help with viruses. “Taking antibiotics for a common cold, the flu and even most coughs and sore throats not associated with strep throat may actually cause more harm than good,” Ali said. Germs can change and develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. “If you do have a bacterial infection and receive an antibiotic prescription from your health care provider, make sure you finish it all, even when you start to feel better,” Ali said. “If not, some bacteria may survive and re-infect you, making you sick all over again.” For common viruses, get plenty of rest and fluids, take an over-the-counter pain and fever medication and consider a clean humidifier or cool mist vaporizer in your home. Also, be sure to visit your primary care provider or a local pharmacy and get a flu shot. Meritus Health, at 11116 Medical Campus Road, east of Hagerstown, is the largest health system in the area, providing hospital and outpatient services to the community. Learn more at MeritusHealth.com.

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FOSSIL FUELS Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas By: Andrea S. History of Coal • Coal was used for heating by cavemen in England • During Industrial Revolution, coal used to run steam engines • 1880, started being used for generating electricity and heating Pros and Cons • Limited supply • Air pollution • Produces most carbon dioxide when burnt (global warming) • Produces sulfur dioxide (breathing problems, contributes to acid rain) • Strip mining destroys habitats • Heat • Electricity (50% from coal) • One of cheapest ways Coal Mines in B.C. • Coal Mountain • Elkview • Line Creek • Greenhills • Fording River • Brule • Perry Creek • Roman Mountain • Trend Mine • Quinsam Coal Mine History of Oil • In ancient times, oil was easy to access (oil seeps on ground), used as medicine • 1850, American sold it in bottles to cure ailments • Many oil wells were drilled afterwards Pros and Cons • Electricity • Heating • Fuel for powering motors • Boosts our economy • Easier to pump out than coal • Limited supply • Air pollution • Releases carbon dioxide (global warming) • Tanker ships can spill • Pipelines can burst • Releases sulfur dioxide (breathing problems, contributes to acid rain) • Disturbs habitats Oil Refineries in B.C. • Burnaby Oil Refinery-largest in the province • Prince George Oil Refinery History of Natural Gas • 400 BC, Chinese used it to boil water • 100 AD, Persian king built his kitchen around natural gas flame (struck by lightning) • 1700, British used for lighting • 1800, used in North America for lighting • 1885, used for Bunsen burners Pros and Cons • Electricity • Heating • Liquefied for easier transportation, converted back to gas • Less pollution than coal • Can be bottled up for car fuel • Limited supply • Air pollution • Carbon dioxide (global warming) • Very flammable • Can’t see or smell • Explosions, oil spills • Disturbs ocean habitats Natural GasCompanies in B.C. • MontneyFormation • Precision Drilling Corp. • Calfrac Well Service • Trican Well Service Ltd. Generation Process • Fossil fuel goes to power plant • Burned in a boiler, water becomes steam • Steam goes through pipes to turbine • The steam spins the turbine blades. • Spinning blades cause shaft to turn inside generator • Electrical current is produced • Electricity travels through wires to cities Price • Approximately 9¢/kWh • Prices expected to rise because the supply is slowly running out http://www.fe.doe.gov/education/energylessons/coal/coal_history.htmlhttp://www.fe.doe.gov/education/energylessons/coal/coal_history.html http://kids.rrc.state.tx.us/school/classroom/coal/coaluse.html http://library.thinkquest.org/6075/coal.html http://www.fortisbc.com/About/RegulatoryAffairs/ElecUtility/Rates/Pages/default.aspx http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/b-c-s-natural-gas-reserves-double-previous-estimates-1.2417050 http://business.financialpost.com/2013/06/17/service-companies-buoyed-by-jump-in-gas-activity-in-b-c/ http://www.fplsafetyworld.com/?ver=kkblue&utilid=fplforkids&id=16196 http:///www.resilience.org/stories/2004-10-20/rising-fossil-fuel-prices-boost-prospects-renewable-energy# http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/article-286239/petroleum http://www.energybc.ca/map/fossilfuelinfrastructure.html http://rabble.ca/blogs/bloggers/progressive-economics-forum/2011/07/decarbonizing-homes-and-price-gas http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1423-fossil-fuel-energy http://www.energyzone.net/aboutenergy/fossil_fuels.asp http://www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/fossil.htm Sources

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“We feel that these findings may have particular relevance to the massive increase in the use of high fructose sweeteners (both high fructose corn syrup and table sugar) in virtually all sweetened foods, most notably soft drinks,” said lead researcher M. Daniel Lane from The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Dr Lane told FoodNavigator that he did not wish to give the impression that HFCS is the only problem, “since sucrose/table sugar contains only a slightly lower percentage of fructose than HFCS”. Dr Lane added consumption of both HFCS and table sugar in the USA is about 65.8 kg (145 pounds) per year. “I hasten to point out that the situation is probably most critical with the younger population, particularly in the USA, where many children receive enormous amounts of fructose in soft drinks which they consume continuously and acutely. This would be expected to lead to substantial blood levels of fructose, as well as glucose,” he told this website. Writing in the journal Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Dr Lane and Seung Hun Cha report that recent studies (largely in their laboratory) have shown that glucose and fructose act quite differently in the brain. Two papers published in PNAS in 2007 and 2008 showed that glucose and fructose signal in the brain through the malonyl-CoA signaling pathway and have inverse effects on food intake. Dr Lane told FoodNavigator that fructose is metabolized more rapidly that glucose, and therefore exerts its effects before glucose. “As a consequence of this more rapid rate of fructose metabolism ATP [adenosine triphosphate] is depleted and thereby causes the level of AMP [adenosine monophosphate] to rise, which in turn initiates the signaling pathway that leads to an increase in appetite/ food intake,” he explained. The scientists supplied fructose to animals using intraperitoneal (ip) injection (injection into the abdomen) and intracerebroventricular (icv) injection (injection into the brain’s blood system). Dr Lane and his co-workers found that fructose was metabolised more rapidly than glucose in the brain. “In [the hypothalamus and the liver] the rate of glucose is slowed by the early regulated steps in the glycolytic pathway, most notably by [the enzyme] phosphofructokinase (PFK), the rate-limiting step in glucose metabolism,” explained Dr Lane. “Fructose on the other hand, enters the glycolytic pathway at a point downstream of PFK. Therefore, fructose by-passes this rate- limiting step, thus even in the presence of glucose, fructose is metabolised more rapidly than glucose,” he added. In the most recent PNAS article (2008, Vol. 105, No. 44, pp. 16871-16875) the researchers noted that the effect of fructose on the food intake is dependent on the “ability of fructose to cross the blood- brain barrier or enter the brain through circumventricular structures with weak blood-brain barriers, notably in the arcuate nucleus”. Commenting on the findings of the study, Dr James Rippe from the Rippe Lifestyle Institute (RLI) told FoodNavigator: “While this may be interesting science, it must be approached with extreme caution when attempting to extrapolate this type of information to human nutrition, behavior or health.” “To speculate, as Lane and Cha do, that the biochemical pathways they describe can lead to over consumption of food and obesity is highly speculative and probably incorrect,” added Dr Rippe. To read a fuller account of Dr Rippe’s response, please click here. Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Published online ahead of print, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.02.145 |“Effect of glucose and fructose on food intake via malonyl-CoA signaling in the brain”Authors: M.D. Lane, S.H. Cha

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While the thought of “deep brain stimulation” may bring scary visions to mind of psychiatric patients in straight jackets, it has actually proven to be a helpful treatment therapy for a number of different neurological symptoms. And now, in our current fight against the pandemic of obesity and our personal battles with binge eating and weight loss, there appears to be some evidence that this procedure could offer hope in these areas as well. What is Deep Brain Stimulation? Deep brain stimulation (or DBS) therapy uses a surgically implanted battery-operated device, similar to a pacemaker. Once implanted, it delivers electrical stimulation to a specifically targeted area of the brain. For example, in the case of Parkinson’s disease patients who experience tremors, the target area for DBS is the section of the brain that controls movement. The electrical current produced from the device blocks abnormal nerve signals that cause tremors for Parkinson’s disease sufferers. Weight Loss with Brain Stimulation? A new study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania shows that deep brain stimulation in a specific area of the brain seems to lead to weight loss in obese animals. The scientists involved in the experiment say the stimulation appears to reinforce the involvement of dopamine shortages in increasing behavior like binge eating. Testing showed that brain stimulation could reverse binge eating through the activation of the dopamine type-2 receptor. During the study, the researchers targeted a small area in the reward centre of the brain known for addictive behavior. Mice receiving the stimulation consumed a lot less high-fat food than the mice who did not receive any deep brain stimulation. On days when the stimulation device was turned off, the implanted mice resumed their binge eating. The testing went a step further by examining the long-term impact of deep brain stimulation on mice that had been given unlimited access to high-fat foods. The mice who received DBS consumed fewer calories and experienced considerable weight loss. The animals showed a big improvement in their glucose sensitivity, leading researchers to believe this could hold potential for the reversal of type-2 diabetes. This study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, is the first of its kind to show that deep brain stimulation can be successfully used to stop harmful behaviors like binge eating, and can lead to effective weight loss. The next step for the Penn-U researchers is to pursue human trials. They are hopeful, for other studies involving DBS are already on the verge of proving positive weight loss results in human subjects. DBS could be a Safe Solution for Weight Loss While the researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have demonstrated positive results with stimulation in mice, another U.S university has also made significant strides in human research. Just a few years ago, the FDA gave the University of West Virginia approval to move forward with a clinical human study on deep brain stimulation in morbidly obese individuals. Under tightly controlled guidelines, only 3 patients were approved for the study. Electrodes were surgically placed in the “feeding centre” of the brain, and the patients have been monitored for 2 years now. So far, the results show successful weight loss for 2 of the patients, with no adverse side effects due to the procedure. While the authors were encouraged by the findings, they admit that a larger study group is needed. Solving the Global Problem of Binge Eating and Weight Control Researchers say that deep brain stimulation could work in the treatment of binge eating in different ways. One theory is that it simply reduces the craving for food. Another possibility is that it accelerates metabolism. One of the patients who participated in the University of West Virginia study went on national television 9 weeks after her procedure, stating that she didn’t have cravings anymore and had already lost close to 12 pounds. While brain surgery sounds like a dramatically drastic approach for many, doctors say that the risks associated with DBS are minimal, and with proper patient selection, can prove to be quite successful. At the present time, weight loss strategies like diet programs, weight loss drugs and even gastric bypass surgery have not been able to work successfully for everyone. With the obesity epidemic continuing to grow, and binge eating and weight management continuing to be pressing issues for the general population, finding new methods for weight control are especially important – before this global problem spins completely out of our control. Related Reading: Can intermittent fasting help you lose weight?

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Emmanuel Foro | March 16, 2015 Responding To: Week 8: The Environment Water Water Everywhere, Not a Drop to Drink As you read this, perhaps after a shower, with a cup of tea besides you, reflect on the activities that increase your water footprint, including actions such as eating beef. Producing a single pound of steak has the average footprint of 2,000 gallons of water. With the average American consuming upwards of 70 pounds of beef annually, the gallons add up. This is for a single food, leaving aside water used for showering, gardening, or drinking. No surprise, then, that Americans have a huge water footprint. Eleven percent of the global population, however, does not even have access to clean drinking water that we often take for granted. The world is running out of fresh water. Only 3 percent of the world’s water is drinkable, with most of it locked in ice caps, and the world is demanding more than ever before. At the same time, countries are polluting the clean water sources that we have. The path we are following is completely unsustainable. Surrounded as we are by easy access to clean water in our daily lives, it is hard to understand true water insecurity, where reliability and quality are never assured. Water policy is a critical issue for development, and is a cause that all should care about because it affects everyone to some extent. True, just by looking at the Millennial Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals we can see that there are so many issues and problems in this world that we need to address. But, water security is important because it is related to so many other goals: health, war and violence, human rights, inequality, and environmental degradation. On health, nearly five million people die each year from preventable waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and dysentery. But water is not considered a “sexy” issue that is garnering the attention of the greater population. We need greater education for the global crisis. Events over the past year make it clear the urgency of the crisis. The Islamic State crisis highlights the impact of water in violent conflicts. Last summer there was a record drop in the water supply of Syria’s largest reservoir, Lake Assad, that supplies nearly five million people. Levels have dropped so low that many pumps are out of commission. There has been a dramatic spike in energy production by overexerting the dam. ISIL unfairly blames Turkey for cutting off the flow of the Euphrates into Syria as a “tool of war.” The water war is being waged at the expense of the citizens. Water supply networks are targeted deliberately, cutting off water from cities for days at a time. The Syrian regime is slow at responding to or even preparing for a water or food crisis. We need to use hot-topic current events, like these violent conflicts in the Middle East to draw attention to water insecurity that touches so many aspects of so many lives. Savannah Kochinke (SFS'16) is a junior in the School of Foreign Service, pursuing a major in International Economics with a concentration in Growth, Development, and Transition, and a certificate in Latin American Studies. James O'Sullivan | March 16, 2015 Jonas Bergmann | March 15, 2015 Noureen Ramzy | March 15, 2015

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The Daily Grind: 4 Common Questions About Tooth Grinding Can you hear it? That crunchy, clickity-clackity sound coming from the mouth of your sleeping partner, your child, or even yourself? It’s the sound of teeth grinding and not many people enjoy it. When people grind or clench their teeth, the damage to teeth and gums can range from minimal to severe. So, what is it and how can you prevent it? Here are answers to 4 common questions about tooth grinding. Bruxism? What’s That? The official dental term for tooth grinding is bruxism. Bruxism is a fairly common habit, the definitive cause of which is still unclear. Most research points to stress as a common cause, but it can also be caused by medications or certain medical conditions like anxiety, digestive ailments, and cerebral palsy. Bruxism can be periodic and involve side-to-side movement of the jaw and teeth. Or, it can be a more sustained pressure or clenching. It can occur when you’re sleeping, during the day, or both. Often times, people with bruxism are completely unaware they’re doing it, even when it’s severe. Bruxism can cause lack of sleep; sore facial muscles; headaches; gum recession; fractured, “shortened,” loose or painful teeth; even shoulder and muscle stiffness. Who Does It Affect? Bruxism tends to be more common in people who consume excessive amounts of caffeine and/or alcohol, as well in those who smoke, or suffer from depression, anxiety or hyperactivity. Children often grind their teeth during teething or when they’re suffering from an earache. The motion of grinding teeth can actually be soothing in response to response to the pain caused by these conditions. Kids will usually outgrow these habits, so more often than not no intervention is needed—unless they’re doing significant damage to their primary teeth or any fillings or crowns they might have. What’s The Damage? Since many people grind their teeth without being aware of it, it’s often their dentist who first notices the signs of damage. If your dentist thinks you may be grinding your teeth, he or she will probably ask you about any symptoms you may be having. If the biting surfaces of your teeth have become flattened or worn, this can lead to increased sensitivity, particularly to temperature. If your teeth grinding is particularly severe, the enamel, or outermost covering, of your teeth can wear away. This will expose the next layer of tooth structure, called dentin. Dentin is much more sensitive to temperature, susceptible to decay, and often, more yellow in color. Once you lose enamel, it cannot grow back. The challenge then becomes repairing damage, protecting your teeth from further damage, and preventing symptoms. What Can Be Done About It? If your bruxism is associated with stress, medication, or a medical condition, addressing these root causes can sometimes alleviate your teeth grinding as well. Apart from that, the best course of action is to use an occlusal guard, more commonly called a “mouth guard.” This is a piece of plastic or acrylic, custom-made for you and designed to evenly distribute forces; remove direct, concentrated forces on teeth; and prevent damage. The basic idea is to wear out the guard instead of your teeth—or any expensive crowns or veneers you might have. Life can be a grind, but that doesn’t mean your teeth should be, too. If you’re worried about how bruxism affects the health of your teeth or the teeth of someone you love, VCC’s Dental Health team can help Call now to schedule an appointment! The medical information contained on this article is general in nature and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for the advice, diagnosis or treatment provided by your own physician or a qualified healthcare provider. You should not use this information to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease without consulting with your own physician or a qualified healthcare provider. Although every effort is made to ensure the information provided is accurate and timely, it is provided for convenience and should not be considered official.

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Sugar Futures Market Sugar futures are a highly valued commodity futures product. The appeal of sugar futures as an investment stems from its wide use throughout the globe. As such a popular commodity futures product, investors can use sugar futures to make plays against strong or weak economies, as well as weather conditions and government policies around the world. Sugar Futures History Sugar futures began trading in the United States in 1914 on the coffee, sugar and cocoa exchange in New York and the New York Board of Trade. Options on sugar futures were introduced in 1982. Sugar as a product dates back as far as fourth century India and was once so rare it was referred to as “white gold”. Sugar cane, which was the first source of sugar, is a perennial grass that is grown in tropical and subtropical areas. Eventually, beets were discovered as a source of sugar. Today, sugar can be found throughout the world, with more than 120 countries producing it for domestic and international use. Sugar Market Facts Around 160 million metric tons of sugar is produced every year, with the largest producers being Brazil, India and the European Union. The primary driver of sugar prices is government regulation. Many governments heavily subsidize their sugar manufacturers to “dump” cheaply priced sugar in the market. Currently, 69 percent of the world’s sugar is consumed in its country of origin, while the rest is traded on international markets. World Sugar No. 11 & U.S. Sugar No. 16 The two sugar futures markets that are traded include world sugar No.11 and U.S. sugar no. 16. While Sugar no. 11 is the most commonly-traded international commodities futures product, Sugar no. 16 futures prices are often higher. The discrepancy in prices is due to subsidies and a tariff program that supports U.S. sugar farmers. Trading Sugar Futures - Sugar futures are traded at the InterContinental Exchange (ICE) in contract months January, March, May, July and October. - Sugar futures are traded under the name sugar no. 11, with prices quoted in U.S. dollars per pound, and a minimum fluctuation of $0.0001 per pound. - Sugar no. 11 is the main commodity futures contract traded, while sugar no. 16 is used for the delivery of cane sugar of U.S. or duty-free origin, delivered in bulk to New York, Baltimore, Galveston, New Orleans or Savannah. - One sugar futures contract represents 112,000 pounds of raw cane sugar. - Sugar is a major source for ethanol production and therefore, crude oil futures prices and the demand for ethanol impact the international price of sugar futures. You can learn more about Soft futures by downloading our guide, Free Fundamentals of Trading Soft Futures. Sugar Futures Contract Specs |Contract Symbol||Contract Unit||Price Quotation| |ISB||112,000 lbs||cents per pound| |Trading Exchange||Trading Hours||Tick Value| |ICE||3:30 – 13:00 (NY)||$0.01/lb = $11.20|

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New Swansea University research has revealed microalgae could play a crucial role in not only successfully reusing food and farm waste on an industrial scale but also creating thousands of jobs. Microalgae are microscopic photosynthetic cells found naturally in the oceans and lakes. But in a new article, the University-based ALG-AD research group explains how unwanted nutrients from food waste can be used to grow algae. The algae convert the nutrients into protein which can in turn be fed to farm animals as a replacement to less sustainable soya protein. A key aim of the ALG-AD project, led by the College of Science, is to investigate this circular economy process which sees nutrients being used to generate another resource of value – creating wealth from waste. Dr Claudio Fuentes-Grünewald, lead author of the paper, said: “Implementation of circular approaches in industry, by minimising waste and optimising reuse of resources, is of critical environmental importance. “Microalgal cultures are particularly adept at waste remediation and are also incredibly versatile in how the biomass produced can be processed and applied.” The article, published in prestigious journal Bioresource Technology, goes into detail about how the researchers have demonstrated a novel way in which microalgae can grow and remediate organic waste. So far, the ability of microalgae to solve environmental issues has only been demonstrated on a relatively small scale. Microalgae can grow and produce biomass in different ways depending on conditions and ALG-AD has successfully demonstrated a combination of two different growth modes on an industrial scale at its UK pilot facility at Langage AD, Plymouth, England. The team now aims to process the algal biomass for animal feed and other products of value. Analysis of this biomass has revealed it is higher in protein than the commercially cultivated equivalent, and the algae also show interesting increases in carotenoids, molecules known for their health-boosting properties. Currently, microalgal biotechnology is still evolving, but is increasing in global prevalence, with applications in industrial fields ranging from pharmaceuticals and cosmetics to feeds and biostimulants. Dr Fuentes-Grünewald added: “Our work on ALG-AD has proved that microalgae can be used at scale to consistently produce a quality, sustainably cultivated biomass with multiple commercial applications. “We believe this technology has the potential to remediate thousands of tonnes of digestate, without the risks of pollution linked to storage or returning this to land. This new circular economy industrial approach could ultimately not only produce large quantities of biomass for animal feed but also create thousands of new sustainable jobs.” ALG-AD is a four-year Interreg NWE funded project which brings together scientists and engineers from 11 different partners in four countries across North West Europe.

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Lying 4,700m above sea level on the Tibetan plateau is Namtso Lake. It is held as holy by the region's Tibetan population and every year thousands of pilgrims walk around its shores. As one of the largest lakes on the plateau, Namtso is fed partly by run-off from the region's glaciers, which also acts as a store of water for the surrounding grasslands, experts have said. "The glaciers are a symbol [of the seasons], when the weather gets warm the ice will melt and in the winter it gets cold it turns to ice," said Namgye, a herder who has lived in Damshung, where the lake is located his, entire life. However, while the pace of life for many Tibetans remains unchanged, the lake itself is changing. Between the years 2000 and 2014, Namtso expanded by an area of around 50km<sup>2, a consequence of ever increasing glacier melting triggered by some of the fastest temperature rises on the planet, data from the Qinghai-Tibet Research Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences released in 2014 showed. Glaciers in the Tibetan Autonomous Region have shrunk by 15% over the past 30 years. Annual run-off from glaciers rose from 61.5bn m<sup>3 to 79.5bn c<sup>3 during the same period, researchers with the Chinese Academy of Sciences told Chinese state media in late 2014. One academic who has been monitoring the impact of climate change on the Tibetan way of life said the glaciers were melting faster today than 20-40 years ago. "The glaciers both in the Himalayan region and glaciers in the northern plateau region are melting must faster than compared to say 20, 30 or 40 years ago, and particularly recently, 20 years, we have some of the small glaciers disappearing from the ChangChang region and some of the lakes increasing because the water coming more from the glacier side. So the global warming there is a strong impact on the Tibetan plateau, particularly for the glaciers," Dawa Tsering said. Scientists warned in 2009 that if melting continues at current levels, two-thirds of the plateau's glaciers will likely be gone by 2050, potentially affecting up to two billion people in China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Bhutan. As the world's leaders prepare to convene in Paris for climate change talks, activists point to what's happening in Tibet as a clear early warning sign for the consequences of global warming. Close to 200 countries will meet in Paris in December to try to hammer out a deal to slow man-made climate change.

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The means by which black individuals came to America was as slaves. This was the result of a highly organized business to treat human beings as chattel. It involved England, Spain, the United States, and other nations. White sea captains brought their ships to the shores of Africa. Certain African tribes captured black people from other tribes to put them on the ships so they could become slaves in America and elsewhere. Sailing across the Atlantic Ocean was most horrendous. Those who died were simply thrown overboard. Many, however, were ill with such things as dysentery. Their sleeping quarters was a rack shelf smaller than a casket. Their transport can be described as nothing less than horrible and cruel. When they got to their destination, they were still seen as no more than a “thing.” It would not be unusual for them to be stripped naked so they could be examined in public by potential buyers. They were purchased for a variety of reasons. Some worked in the field. Some worked in the barn. some worked as housekeepers and cooks. It was possible that slaves faced a life of brutality by their owners (even though not all plantation owners were cruel to them.) It must be kept in mind that in that period of history slavery was a social norm. The thinking was for the Blacks to be exposed to white culture and the Christian religion. Particularly in the Caribbean slaves combined voodoo with Christianity and created her own cult form of religion. Most owners saw slavery as a means to an end for themselves. The sea captains had little desire to assist their captives or provide for their needs beyond food and water. One such sea captain was influenced in his youth by his mother with readings from the Bible. When he was eleven years old, he forsook those teachings and sailed the seas with his father who enmeshed him in debauchery and every form of sin and drunkenness. For twelve years John Newton worked on his father’s ship and assisted in the transportation of slaves. Then one day in March of 1748, Newton found himself with the rest of the crew in a terrible storm while waves were splashing over the ship. At age 23 he recalled the teachings of his mother. He offered a prayer to God for safety and deliverance. As a result of his experiences and recollections, Newton wrote one of the most famous hymns sung in churches around the world. Notice the words of “Amazing Grace.” This is his testimony of how he saw himself and how God welcomed him into the divine family. Eventually John Newton became a minister and preached at various churches being recognized as a great evangelist and one who was opposed to slavery. The deepest and darkest sinner can look up to God for salvation. Anyone and everyone who will see what Christ did on the cross and accept him as Lord and Savior can appreciate the words that John Newton wrote. Read the words keeping in mind what Newton said of himself and what he expressed as a sailor coming to Christ. Amazing grace! How sweet the sound That saved a wretch like me. I once was lost, but now am found, Was blind, but now I see. ‘Twas grace that taught my heart to fear, And grace my fears relieved. How precious did that grace appear The hour I first believed. Through many dangers, toils and snares I have already come; ‘Tis grace hath brought me safe thus far And grace will lead me home. The Lord has promised good to me His word my hope secures; He will my shield and portion be, As long as life endures. Yea, when this flesh and heart shall fail, and mortal life shall cease, I shall possess within the veil, A life of joy and peace. When we’ve been there ten thousand years Bright shining as the sun, We’ve no less days to sing God’s praise Than when we’ve first begun. –John Newton, 1725-1807.

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What is the meaning and origin of ‘paint the town red’? (J Nithyashree, Hyderabad) This is an expression that has been around for several hundred years, and its use is mostly limited to informal contexts. When you tell someone that you are going to paint the town red, you are informing the person that you will be going out with your friends and thoroughly enjoying yourself. The idiom suggests that it is not going to be a quiet celebration, but a pretty loud one. You are likely to be going to various parts of the town, and take part in different activities. You may visit a bar or two, go dancing, sing, etc. When we won the championship, we went out and painted the town red. After the exams, most students were out painting the town red. As for the origin of the idiom, it is shrouded in a bit of mystery. What is interesting to note, however, is that both the English and the Americans claim it is their creation. According to the English, it was the Marquis of Waterford, nicknamed ‘Mad Marquis’, who gave rise to the expression. In 1837, after some heavy drinking in the town of Melton Mowbray in Leicestershire, the rich landowner and his friends spent the night painting several buildings red. The Americans, however, believe that ‘paint the town red’ was in use in the States long before this incident. Some scholars argue that it was the Romans who gave us the idiom. Whenever the Roman army captured a town, the soldiers used to smear the doors and windows of houses with the blood of the fallen enemy. How is the word ‘quixotic’ pronounced? (S Ganeshan, Vizag) The word consists of three syllables. The first is pronounced like the word ‘quick’, and the second rhymes with ‘hot’, ‘got’ and ‘lot’. The word is pronounced ‘quick-SOT-ic’ with the stress on the second syllable. It is normally used with people who have rather novel ideas; ideas, however, which cannot be implemented. When you say that someone is ‘quixotic’, what you are suggesting is that the individual is an idealist, but the plans he has to save or change the world are impractical — some would say foolishly so. They are all doomed to fail. The Minister has come up with a quixotic plan to end all forms of corruption. Jai’s quixotic schemes drove the company to bankruptcy. Don Quixote is the name of the leading character created by the Spanish writer, Miguel de Cervantes. In the satirical novel, ‘The Adventures of Don Quixote’ written in the early 17th century, Cervantes narrates the story of Quixote, an eccentric idealist who becomes a knight in order to save the world. The ageing hero finds that the lofty goals he has set for himself are impossible to achieve. The novel chronicles the misadventures of the poor hero — every time he attempts to do something, it ends in disaster. In the end, the hero returns to his village, a dejected man. “Today is the oldest you have been, and the youngest you will ever be. Make the most of it!”

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Affirming The Self Online: Motives, Benefits And Costs Of Facebook Use Social network sites, such as Facebook, allow users to create novel representations of the self that capture both social connectivity and important personal attributes (e.g., social roles, activities, hobbies and values). According to self-affirmation theory, this type of information could be self-affirming in the sense of reinforcing an overall sense of self-worth and emotional well-being. The theory posits that once affirmed by attending to such personally meaningful information, individuals tend to be more secure and less defensive when confronted with the slights and challenges of daily life. This dissertation tested the hypothesis that Facebook profiles constitute an everyday source of self-affirmation, as understood through the lens of self-affirmation theory. Study 1 found that a brief exposure to one's own Facebook profile had the same psychological effects as a classic self-affirmation manipulation, namely reduced defensiveness when confronted with a threat to the ego (i.e., negative feedback on an academic task). Facebook profile exposure also resulted in increased positive affect, both self-directed (e.g., feeling loved, supported and connected) and other-directed (e.g., feeling loving, giving and grateful). Study 2 examined whether Facebook users take advantage of these self-affirmational benefits in times of psychological need. As predicted by self-affirmation theory, participants were more likely to choose to spend time on Facebook when their ego was threatened than when it was unharmed, suggesting that Facebook use is partly motivated by an unconscious need to restore self-worth. Study 3 examined further perceptual and behavioral consequences of Facebook profile exposure and found that, while Facebook raises state self-esteem, it can harm performance on a subsequent task by reducing motivation to expend effort on it. Together, these studies contribute to self-affirmation theory by examining how self-affirmation operates in everyday life, outside of experimenter-generated selfaffirmation interventions. Results also illuminate previously unexplored motives for Facebook use (i.e., an unconscious desire to elevate feelings of self-worth), and highlight psychological benefits (i.e., increased positive affect and state self-esteem, and decreased defensiveness) and costs (i.e., reduced motivation for task performance) resulting from Facebook profile exposure. dissertation or thesis

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We are expecting future generations to be more innovative in order to save this planet from its doomed future, but how are we supposed to do so when we are using the same educational system that has been used in Ancient Egypt? Some may say that we have come a long way, but they are only lying. Social systems have not been updated but adapted to technological changes. Humanity has been reading off the walls of caves, from papyrus, books, and now from screens, but they are still doing the same action. 4000-year-old writing board by an Egyptian student The gessoed board that you see above has been trending online lately, although it is not a recent discovery. It has been in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City for almost 100 years since it had been gifted to the museum by Edward S. Harkness in 1928. Gessoed boards were used by students to practice their penmanship since 3,000 BCE. Their distinct alphabet was made of hieroglyphics with about 1,000 distinct characters representing sounds and concepts. This specific board has also been presented in William C. Hayes’ book “The Scepter of Egypt” where he writes that the exercise scribbled on the board is the work of a student named Iny-su of Sekhsekh. The text is a letter to his brother Peh-ny-su where he comments as if his brother was a wealthy authority figure. The marks in red represent the corrections made by the teacher based on spelling and grammar. Egyptologists (including William C. Hayes) believe that this board dates back between 1981 and 1802 BCE. Such exercises were usually given to students that were prepared to work for the government. You may be surprised, but the government of Ancient Egypt was extremely organized by recording everything by writing it down. This lead to a large number of texts that needed to be written and fast, therefore great penmanship was really valued. The Greeks and Egyptians during the Ancient period really understood the importance of education and developed the system that we use even to this day. Students are given a certain topic which they are being taught the basics. Once they grasped the basics, they are given homework to do their own independent study. After some time they take an exam to test their knowledge on that certain subject. This is how they did it 4,000 years ago and it is exactly how most countries still do it. It could be argued that this is one of the oldest social systems which hasn’t been changed. Just like in Ancient Egypt, kids were given homework and it would be corrected based on criteria. Those criteria set by the educational board are what stop creativity. Hybrid learning has been the latest attempt at changing our educational system, but all it did is force it to adapt to the digital era. The same exams are taken now on a computer, making it a bit easier to cheat. It could be argued that hybrid learning had actually pushed back the evolution of the educational system by removing the practicality aspect. A study conducted in 2012 by Mark Huxham, Fiona Campbell, and Jenny Westwood from Edinburgh Napier University had looked at the time of assessments students preferred (Oral versus Written). The results showed that most students preferred oral assessments based on their attitudes and performance because they found them to be more practical in establishing a professional identity. We need to give students more freedom towards choosing their own curriculum from a young age that focuses more on building a practical future. Rather than spending years and thousands of dollars trying to figure out what they want to do in life, would it not be easier to have them reach a consensus from a young age? The true difference between a student from Ancient Egypt dating 2,000 BCE and a student in our present time is that one works on a rock and the other on a laptop. The similarity is that they both most probably are learning something that they will never use in their life and which does not allow them do develop their creative abilities.

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If you’ve ever scoured the perimeter of your house for entry points an animal could enter through – and if you haven’t, you really should – you may wonder just how small an opening you should be concerned about. A favorite comparison often used by Dr. Bobby Corrigan, noted rodentologist and award-winning pest management consultant, states that if you can put a #2 pencil into a hole, a mouse would be able to get through it as well. Others like to use the dime as an example of the width a mouse can exploit. Basically, we’re talking about a space that is roughly ¼-inch across. The Collapsible Skeleton Myth For years a rumor has circulated that rodents have collapsible skeletons which allow them to squeeze through tight spaces. This is not true. And while it is also said that they lack a “collarbone,” this is not exactly correct either. The mouse’s sloping clavicle is positioned differently from our own, in accordance with its profoundly different anatomy and the fact that certain supporting bones serve different functions. Just look at how the mouse holds its head and neck and compare it to how we do and you will begin to understand. The clavicle of a mouse simply does not provide a barrier as it would in a human. The skeleton of a mouse accommodates its lifestyle, a good deal of which is taken up by burrowing for food and safety. It can be said that it was “made” to squeeze into things, a natural adaptation to a life of digging and tunneling. How Does It Know? So what allows a mouse to determine whether it can burrow into a particular space without getting stuck? Is it psychic? If you’ve ever watched a cat stare at a cluttered countertop and suddenly leap up to land on a perfectly empty spot, that’s baffling! As for the mouse, it’s a simple matter. After gauging an entryway’s width with its whiskers, it pokes its head in and the rest is settled. If the head can pass through, the body will have no problem. The body only seems bigger on some mice, but when it comes down to what’s inside the mouse, the skull is its largest feature. A mouse may occasionally get hung up trying to get through a hole in a place where it doesn’t have solid footing, especially if higher than it can reach while standing. But if balance and a steady surface aren’t an issue, there is no reason to doubt that once a head makes its way all the way through, the rest of the body will follow. Let Victor® Help Now that you know how easy it is for a mouse to gain access into your home, turn to Victor® for what to do next. Our Learning Center offers great advice on rodent-proofing your home and getting rid of mice in 5 easy steps, while our article section has tips on identifying mouse holes and 25 things you can do around the house to prevent future mice problems. Sign up for our eNewsletter to receive more great information and advice, as well as exclusive updates on our products. Then visit us on Facebook to share your own mouse-spotting stories or pictures.

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By SAT News Desk MELBOURNE, 7 October 2021: The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the use of the RTS,S/AS01 (RTS,S) malaria vaccine among children in sub-Saharan Africa and in other regions with moderate to high P. falciparum malaria transmission. The recommendation is based on results from an ongoing pilot programme in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi that has reached more than 800,000 children since 2019. “This is a historic moment. The long-awaited malaria vaccine for children is a breakthrough for science, child health and malaria control,” said WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “Using this vaccine on top of existing tools to prevent malaria could save tens of thousands of young lives each year.” Malaria remains a primary cause of childhood illness and death in sub-Saharan Africa. More than 260 000 African children under the age of five die from malaria annually. In recent years, WHO and its partners have been reporting a stagnation in progress against the deadly disease. “For centuries, malaria has stalked sub-Saharan Africa, causing immense personal suffering,” said Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa. “We have long hoped for an effective malaria vaccine and now for the first time ever, we have such a vaccine recommended for widespread use. Today’s recommendation offers a glimmer of hope for the continent which shoulders the heaviest burden of the disease and we expect many more African children to be protected from malaria and grow into healthy adults.” WHO recommendation for the RTS,S malaria vaccine Based on the advice of two WHO global advisory bodies, one for immunization and the other for malaria, the Organization recommends that: WHO recommends that in the context of comprehensive malaria control the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine be used for the prevention of P. falciparum malaria in children living in regions with moderate to high transmission as defined by WHO. RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine should be provided in a schedule of 4 doses in children from 5 months of age for the reduction of malaria disease and burden. Summary of key findings of the malaria vaccine pilots Key findings of the pilots informed the recommendation based on data and insights generated from two years of vaccination in child health clinics in the three pilot countries. Findings include: o Feasible to deliver: Vaccine introduction is feasible, with good and equitable coverage of RTS,S seen through routine immunization systems. o Reaching the unreached: RTS,S increases equity in access to malaria prevention. § Data from the pilot programme showed that more than two-thirds of children in the 3 countries who are not sleeping under a bednet are benefitting from the RTS,S vaccine. § Layering the tools results in over 90% of children benefitting from at least one preventive intervention (insecticide treated bednets or the malaria vaccine). o Strong safety profile: To date, more than 2.3 million doses of the vaccine have been administered in 3 African countries – the vaccine has a favorable safety profile. o No negative impact on uptake of bednets, other childhood vaccinations, or health seeking behavior for febrile illness. In areas where the vaccine has been introduced, there has been no decrease in the use of insecticide-treated nets, uptake of other childhood vaccinations or health seeking behavior for febrile illness. o High impact in real-life childhood vaccination settings: Significant reduction (30%) in deadly severe malaria, even when introduced in areas where insecticide-treated nets are widely used and there is good access to diagnosis and treatment. o Highly cost-effective: Modelling estimates that the vaccine is cost effective in areas of moderate to high malaria transmission. Next steps for the WHO-recommended malaria vaccine will include funding decisions from the global health community for broader rollout, and country decision-making on whether to adopt the vaccine as part of national malaria control strategies. Financing for the pilot programme has been mobilized through an unprecedented collaboration among three key global health funding bodies: Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance; the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; and Unitaid. Source- WHO, 6 October 2021.

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Extreme weather had displaced roughly 20 million people each year over the past decade. This is according to Oxfam’s report, Forced from home: climate-fuelled displacement. Extreme weather events are becoming more frequent recently, which is why there is a global initiative to maintain the global warming levels below 2°C or 1.5°C, the supposed thresholds that will prevent the world from sinking down to the point of no return — to the point that warming will only continue to increase so much that it will be chaos for humankind. However, there remains to be a large emissions gap, according to the United Nations (UN). While most countries are well within their 2020 pledges to reduce emissions, almost everyone is lagging behind the 2030 goal. The problem is, if we fail to be on track for the 2030 goal, we can no longer attain even just the 2°C goal. Who’s taking the brunt? Even just now, the weather conditions are quite extreme. This affects a large number of regions all over the world. 80% of those displaced by extreme weather conditions are from Asia. Other low-income and middle-income countries such as Cuba, Domica, Somalia, India, and Nigeria have the largest proportions of people displaced due to climate change. The thing is, most of these countries are not the major emission contributors. However, it is they who suffer the brunt of the effects of the aberrant state of our world’s climate. What we can do Wealthy, developed nations are the largest contributors to the per capita CO2 emissions, as shown in the following list: It is also these nations who are also among the leaders in the reduction of emissions: However, according to the UN, the current levels of commitment remain insufficient to bridge the gaps. A threefold to fivefold intensification of commitments is needed at this point just to keep global warming at bay. Climate action is, by all means, our collective responsibility. However, a lot more is expected from the developed countries who, aside from contributing greatly to why we have this problem to start with, are also those with the resources to greatly reduce carbon emissions. Being top contributors of emissions, developed countries should look at the effect of their actions with a realistic point of view, seeing how urgent the matter of climate change is, and seeing how even just now their actions are causing so much damage to the world. Sadly, almost none of them is willing to see the enormity of the problem, preferring the short term path of fast-tracked development at the cost of potentially ruining the planet for good. The problem is, we need to act now. We are getting closer and closer to the point of no return. Blinded by the shortsighted notion of development and self-interest, we have effectively set ourselves to the path of destruction. As things currently stand, the future is bleak for all of us. It is infuriating how time and time again we set these large ambitions on climate change yet each time only deliver half-baked efforts to attain them. We should drop the pretense we are doing all we can to reduce global carbon emissions. This cannot be any further from the truth.

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Why was the Declaration of Independence an important political document? The Declaration of Independence is an important part of American democracy because first it contains the ideals or goals of our nation. Second it contains the complaints of the colonists against the British king. Third, it contains the arguments the colonists used to explain why they wanted to be free of British rule. Why was justifying revolution so necessary in the Declaration of Independence? The Declaration of Independence justified our right to revolt against a government that no longer guaranteed us our natural rights. And it also helped us to get increased foreign assistance from France in our fight to become free from King George III of England. Why the writers of the Declaration of Independence felt the need to declare their reasons for separating from the British government? According to the first paragraph, why do the writers of the Declaration feel obliged to declare the causes for separating from the English government? They feel obligated to state the causes because they wanted to show how destructive King George III had been towards the colonies. What is the conclusion of the Declaration of Independence? Having stated the conditions that made independence necessary and having shown that those conditions existed in British North America, the Declaration concludes that “these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and … What does the conclusion state? The function of your paper’s conclusion is to restate the main argument. It reminds the reader of the strengths of your main argument(s) and reiterates the most important evidence supporting those argument(s). Which conclusion from the Declaration of Independence is best supported? which conclusion from the declaration of independence is best supported by the reasoning in this paragraph? we hold these truth to be self evident,that all men are created equal,that they are endowed by their creator with curtain unalienable rights,that amoung these are life,liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Which sentence from the Declaration of Independence best develops the idea that King? Answer Expert Verified. The correct answer is C. He has refused his Assent to Laws, most wholesome and necessary for the public good. He explains that the King does not abide by the laws he himself set and that works against the good of the colonies, which is why they must depose him. Which best explains how the introduction of Declaration of Independence supports Jefferson’s purpose? Which best explains how the introduction of the Declaration of Independence supports Jefferson’s purpose? A. It introduces the universal rights that colonists agree to respect. It explains that it is necessary for the colonies to govern themselves. Which of the following is a central idea in the conclusion of the Declaration? In one sentence the central idea in the conclusion of the Declaration of Independence was none other but to express the rights of American colonists to be separate from Great Britain and establish their own ruling in the 13 Colonies via their own democratic government. What was Jefferson’s purpose in writing the Declaration of Independence? The main purpose of America’s Declaration of Independence was to explain to foreign nations why the colonies had chosen to separate themselves from Great Britain. The Revolutionary War had already begun, and several major battles had already taken place. Why was the slavery clause deleted from the Declaration of Independence? The removal was mostly fueled by political and economic expediencies. While the 13 colonies were already deeply divided on the issue of slavery, both the South and the North had financial stakes in perpetuating it. Which best describes the colonists view of their relationship? Which best describes the colonists’ view of their relationship with the British government? The colonists have demanded fair treatment from the British government many times, and they believe separating from Britain is their last resort. You just studied 10 terms! Who was directly addressed in the Declaration of Independence? The signers sent a copy of the Declaration to King George III with only two names on it: John Hancock and Charles Thomson, the President and the Secretary of the Continental Congress. Why? They didn’t want the British to have the names of all those committing treason! What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? The Declaration of Independence lists three rights that the Founding Fathers considered to be natural and “unalienable.” They are the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. In what part of the government was the declaration signed? Should it be easy to change governments often? Answer: No! Explanation: Of course it shouldn’t be easy to change Government often, because if their Government changes easily that means theirs stability is terrible.

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Green Lantern “Hal Jordan” with the Power Ring Statue This Green Lantern Statue from the DC Comics, depicting the Green Lantern Hal Jordan with the Power Ring. Made of PVC and ABS for the ARTFX line, it sees the character erect himself with ease, thanks to the sculpture by Koei Matsumoto. Green Lantern possesses a power ring and power lantern that gives the user great control over the physical world as long as the wielder has sufficient willpower and strength to wield it. The Ring is one of the most powerful weapons in the Universe and can be very dangerous. Harold “Hal” Jordan is a DC Comics superhero known as Green Lantern, the first human shown to join the Green Lantern Corps and a founding member of the Justice League of America. Green Lantern is the name of several superheroes appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. They fight evil with the aid of rings that grant them a variety of extraordinary powers, all of which come from imagination, fearlessness and/or emotional willpower. The characters are typically depicted as members of the Green Lantern Corps, an intergalactic law enforcement agency. The first Green Lantern character, Alan Scott, was created in 1940 by Martin Nodell with scripting or co-scripting of the first stories by Bill Finger during the Golden Age of Comic Books and usually fought common criminals in Capitol City (and later, Gotham City) with the aid of his magic ring. For the Silver Age of Comic Books, John Broome and Gil Kane reinvented the character as Hal Jordan in 1959 and shifted the origin of the character from fantasy to science fiction. Other notable Green Lanterns include Guy Gardner, John Stewart, Kyle Rayner, Simon Baz, and Jessica Cruz. The ring is powered by willpower. Each Green Lantern wears a ring that grants them a variety of possibilities. The full extent of the ring’s ability has never been rigorously defined in the stories, but 2 consistent traits are that it grants the power of flight and that all its effects are accompanied by a green light. Early Green Lantern stories showed the characters performing all sorts of feats with the ring, from shrinking objects to turning people invisible. Later stories de-emphasized these abilities in favor of constructs. The signature power of all Green Lanterns is the ability to conjure “constructs“, solid green objects that the Green Lantern can control telekinetically. These can be anything, such as a disembodied fist to beat a foe, a shield to block an attack, a sword to cut a rope, or chains to bind a prisoner. Whatever their shape or size, these constructs are always pure green in color, unless a Lantern is skillful enough to know how to change the EM spectrum the construct emits. Hal Jordan has shown the ability to have a construct emit kryptonite radiation under Batman’s guidance. The rings of the Green Lantern Corps allow their bearers to travel very quickly across interstellar distances, fast enough that they can efficiently patrol the Universe. They allow the wearer to survive in virtually any environment, and also remove the need to eat, sleep and pass waste. The rings can translate practically any language in the Universe. They possess powerful sensors that can identify and analyze objects. Lanterns are granted full access to all Guardian Knowledge by their rings through the Book of Oa. The effectiveness of the ring is tied to the wearer’s willpower. A Green Lantern with strong willpower will beat a weaker-willed Lantern in a duel. Anything which weakens the Green Lantern’s mind, such as a telepathic attack, may render his ring useless. DC Universe Green Lantern with Power Ring Statue sizes: 5 inches / 13 cm x 4 inches / 10 cm x 14 inches / 35.5 cm. Green Lantern Statue on Amazon. Green Lantern Statue on eBay.

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- En Español - About us - Sign In - For Members As America’s kids head back to school, their lunch trays will include a lot more whole grain foods. New school nutrition requirements, which went in effect July 1, 2012, say that at least half of grain foods served in schools must now be “whole grain-rich.” That’s a good thing. Whole grain-rich basically means that 50% or more of the grain in a food is whole grain. While whole grains were previously encouraged, now they’re actually required. Many school districts had already been doing a good job of phasing in whole grains, as we’ve seen in some of the great creative entries in our annual Whole Grains Challenge award program. Other schools dragged their feet, sometimes from lack of knowledge, and other times from financial constraints that prevented them from paying a few pennies extra for foods not yet mandated. Both “veteran” school food directors experienced in whole grains and the “rookies” new to them are finding a shocking surprise as they plan their new menus, however: the new rules have both a minimum for whole grains served (good) and a maximum (not so good). We’re all for portion control when it comes to kids’ meals; it’s important to fight the rising tide of childhood obesity. The maximums turn out to be a bit unrealistic, though, on several scores. This is especially true at the elementary school level. Let’s take a look at two main problems: 1) Maximum is less than a sandwich a day The grain requirement for elementary schools is 8 servings (minimum) to 9 servings (maximum). Not a lot of leeway there. A grain serving (or “ounce equivalent”) is the same as in the Dietary Guidelines: a slice of bread, a half cup of cooked pasta or rice, and so on. This means that you’d exceed the maximums if you gave each kid a sandwich (two slices of bread) each day, since that would result in 10 servings. Dana Woldow, at BeyondChron, recently wrote a wonderful blog discussing this problem. 2) Kids in Kindergarten to Grade 5 are lumped together Five year olds have very different needs from fifth graders. According to the CDC, the average five year old weighs just under 47 pounds, while those ten year olds in fifth grade average about 91 pounds – nearly twice as much! According to the Dietary Guidelines, five year old girls need 2 to 4 servings of grains each day, and ten year old boys need 3 to 6 servings – 50% more. But for the school rules, they’re all in one group, despite the much greater “fuel” needs of the older kids. Should all three of these kids get the same servings of grains? (photo from Clipart.com) School food directors and suppliers alike are saying, “HUH?” At the recent Whole Grains Summit I attended in Minneapolis, one school food provider said, “The new rules are causing us to reduce our whole grains by about 75% from what we were already offering before.” A WGC member attending the School Nutrition Association show reported that the maximums were a hot topic. “They’re pushing whole grains off the menu. If you’re serving a whole grain pizza, you may be hesitant to offer a whole grain salad in the salad bar.” Paperwork requirements for documenting what’s offered are daunting, and the penalty for getting things wrong can be loss of reimbursement – so schools may err on the side of caution, and cut back the extra whole grains. That would be a pity. Just when creative school food providers and suppliers have shown that kids can enjoy foods beyond pizza and burgers, we should be doing everything we can to expand opportunities to introduce children to a wide range of intact grains in pilafs, salads, and more. There’s some indication that USDA is aware of the problem and changes may be considered down the line. It’s inevitable that any new road will have some speed bumps, and we applaud the hard work of everyone involved in creating and implementing the new school food rules. Have your kids started school yet? What do they think of the new whole grain choices? Are you a supplier? How have the changes affected you? Leave us a comment! (Cynthia)

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Earwigs and How to Prevent Them. Earwigs make up the insect order Dermaptera. With about 2,000 species in 12 families, they are one of the smaller insect orders. Earwigs have characteristic cerci, a pair of forceps-like pincers on their abdomen, and membranous wings folded underneath short, rarely used forewings, hence the scientific order name, "skin wings". Some groups are tiny parasites on mammals and lack the typical pincers. Earwigs are found on all continents except Antarctica. Earwigs are mostly nocturnal and often hide in small, moist crevices during the day, and are active at night, feeding on a wide variety of insects and plants. Damage to foliage, flowers, and various crops is commonly blamed on earwigs, especially the common earwig Forficula auricularia. Earwigs have five molts in the year before they become adults. Many earwig species display maternal care, which is uncommon among insects. Female earwigs may care for their eggs, and even after they have hatched as nymphs will continue to watch over offspring until their second molt. As the nymphs molt, sexual dimorphism such as differences in pincer shapes begins to show. Some earwig specimen fossils are in the extinct suborders Archidermaptera or Eodermaptera, the former dating to the Late Triassic and the latter to the Middle Jurassic. Many orders of insect have been theorized to be closely related to earwigs, though the icebugs of Grylloblattaria are most likely. Earwigs can be found in almost any zone, although they more likely to inhabit southern climates. You might have trouble spotting one—not only are they quick movers, they are also nocturnal, and tend to hide out during the day when you are tending the garden. They like decaying wood and plant material, and dark, damp spaces. Oftentimes, they can be found in basements and woodpiles. Earwigs are the sole members of the insect order Dermaptera, ancient bugs who began crawling around Earth about 208 million years ago. Today, some 1,100 species are scattered everywhere but in Earth’s polar regions. The name “earwig” comes from the Old English ear-wicga, which means “ear wiggler,” and it is named so because its hind legs are shaped like human ears. In France, they’re called ear piercers, and in Germany, ear worms. In North America, we’re most familiar with Forficula auricularia, a European variety thought to have arrived with our immigrant ancestors. Earwigs were first reported in 1907 in Seattle, Washington, and they have now spread to most of the United States and parts of Canada. When earwigs aren’t chomping on plants, they’re enjoying a lively social scene. They congregate during the day because they tend to find the same hiding places. Their nests can number in the thousands, and they aren’t territorial, so they tend to live together. Pincher bugs feed on other insects, such as aphids, maggots, and army worms, which is one benefit. Unfortunately, they will also feed on the rest of your garden. HOW TO PREVENT EARWIGS Expect more earwigs during rainy years, and prepare accordingly. Avoid growing susceptible plants near walls covered in ivy or hedges, as many earwigs might live in these areas. Birds and toads are both natural predators of earwigs. Check out our tips for creating a bird-friendly garden. Contact First Response Pest Control if you have any questions with regards to this post, 214-864-0669. Proudly providing pest control services to our neighbors in Highland Village, Lewisville, Flower Mound, Coppell, Corinth, Lake Dallas, Argyle, Denton and Plano Texas.

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History collections at the NSW state cultural institutions Cultural institution partners Here we provide a brief summary of those aligned collections, and provide a link to give you access to the rich information held by other public NSW institutions. The State Library of NSW The State Library of NSW is one of Australia’s oldest public institutions, with origins going back to 1826. The result of a long tradition of public and private partnership, the modern library is built on the foundation collections of David Scott Mitchell and Sir William Dixson. It is both a research and a reference library, containing extensive and often unique holdings relating to the position of New South Wales and its people in the world. Together, its collections are amongst the most significant assets of the State. Some of the first European descriptions of Sydney Harbour, its flora and its fauna, as well as significant documentation of the local Eora people and their interactions with the European arrivals may be found at the Library. It also holds important collections relating to the establishment of the colony — from the visit of Captain Cook in 1770, the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788, through to contemporary Sydney, its people and their lives. Collections include not only books, but maps and plans, drawings, paintings, correspondence and photographs that help us imagine how we have come to be who we are today. NSW State Records and the State Archives NSW State Archives is the custodian of the largest collection of government records documenting the history of NSW, the State Archives Collection. The Collection is one of the State’s most valuable cultural collections and dates back to before the European settlement of Australia in 1788 The Collection contains many iconic items such as the Charter of Justice issued by King George III in 1787 to establish the first courts in this land, Utzon’s original competition drawings for the Sydney Opera House and Max Dupain’s photos of its construction, the Harbour Bridge photographic Albums, and Ned Kelly papers. But the Collection is so much more and contains archives which are of immense research value to anyone interested in history. These include records of convicts and the administration of the colonial convict system in NSW. These records have been listed on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register, immigration records to 1922, 1.8 million maps and plans, records detailing the government’s interactions with Aboriginal people and court records from the earliest days of the colony, divorce records from 1873 and census records including the NSW 1828 Census, one of the most complete and historically significant census record in existence. Sydney Living Museums Sydney Living Museums (The Historic Houses Trust of NSW) has a property portfolio that comprises a number of historic buildings dating from between 1793 and 1950, including some of the earliest surviving colonial buildings in Australia, as well as major public buildings of the Macquarie era. All are listed on the NSW State Heritage Register; two are also on the Australian National Heritage List, and the Hyde Park Barracks is listed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. They are sites of exceptional cultural significance for the people of New South Wales and for the nation. Ten of the properties are open to the public as museums. They are important for a range of reasons: for their architectural value, for their historical associations with key personalities or periods in Australian history, and for their surviving intact collections. The museum collections comprise a broad range of material culture formats: archaeology collections, furniture and furnishings, family papers, music collections, photographic collections. These collections are extended by the work of the Caroline Simpson Library & Research Collection with a specialist focus on the history of house and garden design and in connecting the stories of our places to local, national and international audiences.

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Because the world wasn’t a sad enough place already, a report released by the World Health Organization today has classified bacon and other processed meats like sausage and pastrami as “carcinogenic to humans.” That’s the WHO’s highest rank for cancer risk — where cigarettes, arsenic, and asbestos are categorized. Though the “cured meat = cigarettes” news is sure to be terrifying to a bacon-obsessed world, what the WHO report really calls for is a balanced diet. Dr. Kurt Sraif of WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer said the following: For an individual, the risk of developing colorectal (bowel) cancer because of their consumption of processed meat remains small, but this risk increases with the amount of meat consumed. In view of the large number of people who consume processed meat, the global impact on cancer incidence is of public health importance. Basically, you don’t have to cut it completely, but gnawing on salami every time you feel peckish probably isn’t wise. WHO-related headlines this morning are sure to blow things out of proportion a tad, while “moderation, moderation, moderation,” has been the early reaction from doctors outside WHO. Still, even scientists challenging the WHO report, like Dr. Ian Johnson from the Institute of Food Research, admit there is “epidemiological evidence for a statistically significant association between processed meat consumption and bowel cancer.” So until the joint scientific task force from Jimmy Dean and Oscar Meyer can prove otherwise, the World Health Organizations’s classification of processed meat as carcinogenic to humans is likely to remain for some time. This announcement will probably create a stigma in the meat industry that “could take decades and billions of dollars to change.” At the very least, the WHO’s report will hopefully bring people to think about their health and their future before they dab bacon chapstick on their lips, scoop a heaping ladle of bacon soup into a bowl that is also made of bacon, and then make love to their special someone while sheathed in a bacon condom. Yes, all of those products are real — because bacon is a $4 billion a year industry. And that number presumably doesn’t include the money spent on stupid (albeit adorable) crap like this: View this post on Instagram To get the bacon, you must BE the bacon. 🙏 —– 🎃 We're celebrating with @Beggin this Halloween! For each photo tagged #Howloween this month, they're donating a bag of treats to a @PetFinder shelter. Show off your costumes and treats by tagging your Twitter and Instagram photos with #Howloween! 🎃 —– #sponsored #sneakersthecorgi WHO report or no, maybe it’s time we cool it on the bacon for a bit. We don’t have to go cold turkey, but we should maybe ease off. Or, considering that the average American eats 18 pounds of bacon a year, maybe we should slow down a bit more than a bit. Since we ought not eat actual bacon quite so much anymore, maybe we can substitute that recently discovered seaweed that tastes like bacon into our BLTs. That should last us for a solid decade or so before the WHO releases another study that outlines the new and exciting ways that bacon seaweed will kill us too.

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- Slides: 15 FATHER’S DAY IN ITALY Father's Day in Italy March indeed is a time of festivity and feasting for the Italians. From celebrating new blooms to weather changes, March is also the time when Italians celebrate St. Joseph's Day or their Father's Day. The Italians honor their dads on the 19 th of March, known as St. Joseph's Day, to commemorate San Giuseppe - a fatherly symbol of love, compassion, kindness, generosity and acceptance. The Italian name for Father's Day is 'Festa del Papa'. San Guiseppe or Saint Joseph, father of Jesus Christ is honored on this day. This day is celebrated mainly in the Roman Catholic countries. In Italy, it is usually celebrated with grand feast and fanfare. Households prepare traditional spreads of special Italian breads and cookies. This is the day when families show their gratitude to their fathers with favors and gifts. Florence and Rome, this festivity is marked with several days of live music and dancing, and of course, food and drink. Earlier, this day was a national holiday in Italy. People also wore shamrock or green attires to commemorate this day. The contemporary celebrations include people going out on street parades, a yearly ritual, on this day. . In a village very close to our town, Itri, every year the celebration of San Giuseppe attacts a bigger number of visitors. The event is known as “ I fuochi di San Giuseppe” On the night before the spring equinox the anniversary took place which, for years, has been attracting people from all the neighboring centers: many gathered in the various districts around the fires of popular music, songs and dances. An opportunity that the districts of Itri have always greeted with auspicious fires in which the winter season "burn" to welcome spring and its fruits. A popular event that has fused, over the centuries, aspects of paganism with Christian religiosity, thus bringing to us the archaic rituals of fire. The festival therefore has very ancient origins and actively involves the local community. Tradition, typical gastronomy and local folk music, a mixture that manages to interest thousands of people who come to Itri to participate in this spectacular popular festival. Father's Day in Italy is celebrated with family get-togethers and traditional San Giuseppe desserts that vary from region to region. In the south, zeppole (deep-fried dough balls) and bigné (cream puffs) are prepared and in the north, frittelle (fritters) are eaten to mark the occasion There is a tradition of sharing gifts. Children usually buy gifts to their fathers as a sign of honor and reverence. people go to church and offer their prayers to Saint Joseph, a reverend father figure on this day. After daily mass, they go out on the streets and greet their fathers as a symbol of love, compassion and respect. Indeed, today Italians are offering up handmade cards, recited poems, little gifts, and good food to their fathers. Many are shouting, “Auguri” to the fathers they see in the piazza or at the pranzo (lunch) table. Wives make homemade gnocchi and a promise for a dinner out to their husbands, the father of their children. The meal would be incomplete without dolci, some sweets. On this day the cream adorned zeppoles that either fried or baked are the traditional dessert.

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Few books have achieved such deep cultural penetration as Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s beloved French classic The Little Prince. The illustrated novella about the scarf-clad child who travels the universe searching for wisdom, has been translated into 250 languages, sells nearly 2 million copies each year, and is a frequent choice in advanced French high school classes. And let’s not forget your mom’s hippie friend, who gives you the book as a graduation gift, believing she’s found a less clichéd present than Oh, the Places You’ll Go. “Promise me, honey, you’ll never lose your sense of wonder!” However delightful, moving, cloying, or tear-inducing you find the novella to be, both the book and its author have a fascinating backstory. This tale is the focus of a new exhibit at the Morgan Library, which runs through April 27th. Written in New York City by a Frenchman who did not speak a word of English, Le Petit Prince was published in America three years before it appeared in France. Saint-Exupéry himself did not live to see the book hit shelves in his native land; he disappeared in 1944, while flying a reconnaissance mission against Germany. Over 50 years later, his ID bracelet washed up in a fisherman’s net off the coast of Marseille. “Of course it’s a French story,” says Christine Nelson, curator of literary and historical manuscripts at the Morgan. “But it was born in New York when author was an ex-patriot and distraught about what was going on in his country and in the world.” Despite his friendship with fellow aviator Charles Lindbergh, Saint-Exupéry was staunchly anti-Nazi–so much so, that he could not bear to live in Paris under the Reich-affiliated Pétain government. Much of the books thematic content, including its anti-egotism, anti-materialism, and exploration of shame and isolation, are responses to the author’s own self-imposed exile. In the end, he could not stay away from his country or the war. He put the finished manuscript in a brown paper sack and dropped it at a friend’s house with instructions to publish. Then he rejoined former his air force unit back in France. According to Nelson, the book was inspired by an earlier plane crash, when Saint-Exupéry went down in the Libyan desert in the mid ’30s. She says “the most striking image” in the exhibit is a drawing that depicts the book’s narrator asleep beside his plane, just before the Prince arrives. “The image evokes Saint-Exupéry’s own experience of awakening in an isolated, mysterious place,” says Nelson. “You can almost imagine him wandering without much food and water and conjuring up the character of the Little Prince.” This drawing did not appear in the final manuscript. In fact, not a single image depicts the narrator. “We can only speculate about why Saint-Exupéry decided to remove that image,” says Nelson. “But he was very good at excising what was not essential to his story.” He was also a nervous artist. “He was famous for calling up friends in the middle of the night and asking, ‘Is it good? Is it good?'” Aside from a failed stint in architecture school, Saint-Exupéry had no formal artistic or literary training. He loved to sketch, though, and the prototype for The Little Prince appeared on envelopes and napkins over many years. “Sometimes he had a bow tie, sometimes not. Eventually a scarf,” says Nelson. The image that most closely resembles the Prince is actually Saint-Exupéry’s self-portrait. Nelson says her favorite artifact in the exhibition is the silver identity bracelet that slipped off Saint-Exupéry’s wrist and washed up so many years after his death. “It’s engraved with his name and his address in New York. Even when dying, he carried with him a reminder of his link to NYC and America,” she says.

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Cultural heritage and climate change On March 19, the Fridays For Future Movement is calling for global climate protests. The Europeana Climate Action Group feels that current political and economic measures for protecting climate, biodiversity, and human health are inadequate and lacking in urgency. In solidarity with global climate action, we are calling out to cultural heritage climate activists to push for collective climate action and focusing on steps that the sector can take to achieve this. Climate change endangers our present and our future, and consequently our ability to share and learn from our past - as preserved in our cultural heritage - is at stake. Our profession and our institutions are at risk, when the impact of climate change is turning the world as we know it upside down. We have been working with members of various movements which bridge arts, culture and care for our planet, including We Are Museums and members of the grassroot movement Museums4Future. Together we want to highlight and share the climate action work we do as cultural heritage professionals. We want to make a difference collectively, as a sector, to the fight against climate change and work together to protect our planet. Introducing a Climate Action Map To work towards this goal, we are supporting the launch of a Climate Action Map where cultural heritage institutions and organisations can share their climate actions, whether small or large. Together with other movements and initiatives, we are mapping these climate actions because we acknowledge the special social responsibility of galleries, libraries, archives, museums, theatres, concert halls and science institutions to care for the future of our civilisation, our culture, our planet. We are all aware of the many actions we can take, both on an individual level and as institutions, to inform, mediate and advocate for climate action in societal discourse. Now, it is time to share and connect our knowledge. The map is open source and easy to use, and offers five categories of actions which share actions which could be taken at an institutional level, offering information and inspiration for actions which professionals can lobby for in their own cultural heritage institutions. Moving - tips on what you can do as individual climate activist Informing - on climate change through exhibitions, documentaries, seminars, art interventions Debating - arranging workshops and similar activities where climate action is debated Changing - house policies through actions like a sustainability audit, green waste disposal, renewable energy, considering your digital footprint, green events only, a vegetarian cantine. Advocating - as political climate activist and raising your institutional voice against climate neglect To use the map, you click on the city where your institution is based, and the map-app will invite you to fill in a questionnaire. The answers are transformed into a colored pin on the map. Clicking on the pin will open the information up to the viewer and share climate action activities. We invite you to take part and create the map with us! The ENA Climate Action Group is working on this map as part of a wider group of dedicated GLAM professionals who love arts and culture and want to preserve cultural heritage. We work in communication and cultural mediation, as cataloguers, librarians, archivists, curators, data managers and many other varied roles. We all believe that as we care for the past, we must equally care for the future and protect it for the following generations and that together, our efforts are stronger. Contribute to the map and help us share the actions that the cultural sector can take now to make a difference - use #NoMoreEmptyPromises to link up to the global movement for climate justice. Join us on Friday 19 March when we will be holding an online meeting to improve the map, share information on suitable climate actions in input talks held by experts, and debate how to move on. Sign up for the event! You can also join the ENA climate group on Basecamp to exchange information and get support and feedback on your work.

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The Effects of Carbohydrate and Quercetin on Team Sport Athletic Performance and Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Abbey, Elizabeth Lea MetadataShow full item record Over 270 million people play soccer worldwide, and its popularity grows every day. In team sport exercise, fatigue may result from numerous factors including limited fuel, depleted energy stores and production of compounds that promote an inflammatory response. While inflammation is an essential mechanism for repairing damaged muscle tissue with exercise, prolonged inflammation leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species that can damage cell membranes, muscle, and signaling proteins. To prevent this response and improve performance, athletes are increasingly looking to nutritional interventions. Carbohydrate and antioxidant supplementation have both shown evidence of producing an ergogenic effect and attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress with prolonged endurance exercise. Less is known about how these interventions may influence intermittent, high-intensity exercise characteristic of soccer. In particular, this exercise presents a unique challenge in that opportunities for nutrient intake are limited to pre-game and half-time. In our first study, we had 10 male collegiate soccer players perform a 90-min. soccer-simulation test, that we developed, which was followed by a progressive shuttle run (PSR) test to exhaustion. They consumed a honey-sweetened beverage (H), a sports drink (S), or a placebo (P) before and half-way through the protocol. Both H and S provided 1.0 g·kg⁻¹ carbohydrate and ~17.6 mL·kg⁻¹ total volume for each trial. Overall, the test resulted in increased fatigue and production of inflammatory markers and antioxidant capacity. There was no significant difference between treatments for any performance measure. Mean times for a high intensity run and rating of perceived exertion increased with time, and there was an overall decrease in PSR time compared to baseline (-22.9%). There was a rise in glucose (15.6%), IL-6 (548%), IL-1ra, IL-10 (514%) and ORAC (15%) post-test but no change in cortisol. Insulin was significantly lower by 1 h-post. IL-1ra levels increased post-test for H (25.8%), S (65.5%), and P (63.9%), but the change for H was less than the other treatments. No treatment effects for the other blood measures were observed. The lack of an ergogenic effect of carbohydrate on soccer performance calls into question the benefit of supplementation at a frequency typical of a regulation soccer match in highly trained athletes with adequate energy stores. Since acute carbohydrate ingestion in the first study did not attenuate some markers of inflammation (e.g. IL-6), we chose to focus on an alternative theory for the rise in inflammatory markers with strenuous exercise in our second study. One aspect of soccer, repeated sprinting, results in increased ROS production partially through the activation of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO). Quercetin, a flavonol in plants that has shown some ergogenic effects with endurance exercise, inhibits XO in vitro. The effect of quercetin on team sport exercise had not been studied. We gave recreationally active males a commercial sports drink (S) or S + 500 mg of quercetin (Q) 2x/d for 1 wk prior to a repeated sprint test (RST). Sprint times increased (5.9%) for both treatments as did plasma XO activity (47%), IL-6 (77%), and uric acid (25%) from pre-test to post-test. Q supplementation did not attenuate plasma XO activity or IL-6 and actually increased one calculated index of fatigue, percent fatigue decrement (5.1%- Q and 3.8%- P). These findings add to the growing body of literature that quercetin supplementation does not attenuate exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo. Collectively, this research has practical implications for sports drink companies who are exploring the use of flavonoid compounds in product formulation. Specifically, they should reconsider adding quercetin to their beverages if they are marketing to team sport athletes. Also, soccer players should be made aware that, at ingestion frequencies typical of a soccer match, they may not expect a significant performance benefit from acute carbohydrate supplementation. - Doctoral Dissertations

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Bad code works until it's the year 2,000. Bad code is difficult to understand, more complex than it should be, not easy to test, and it makes other developers seethe with frustration. While it might take longer to write clean code in the short term, it's beyond established that writing clean code will save everyone time, effort, and ultimately money. But there's always room to learn. No one writes clean code from the beginning. Recently, X-Teamers discussed their most important principles to keep their code clean, and we decided to share the best ones with the world. Clean Code Principles KISS: Keep It Simple Stupid. A design principle originating from the U.S. Navy that goes back to 1960 already. It states that most systems should be kept as simple as possible (but not simpler, as Einstein would have said). Unnecessary complexity should be avoided. The question to ask when you're writing code is "can this be written in a simpler way?" DRY: Don't Repeat Yourself. Closely related to KISS and the minimalist design philosophy. It states that every piece of knowledge (code, in this case) must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system (codebase). Violations of DRY are referred to as WET: We Enjoy Typing, Write Everything Twice, Waste Everyone's Time. YAGNI: You Aren't Gonna Need It. A developer should not add functionality unless deemed necessary. YAGNI is part of the Extreme Programming (XP) methodology, which wants to improve software quality and increase responsiveness to customer requirements. YAGNI should be used in conjunction with continuous refactoring, unit testing, and integration. Composition over inheritance: Not an acronym, sadly. It's a principle where you design your types over what they do instead of over what they are. It's explained in more detail in this video. One of the ways to implement this principle is with the Object.assign() method in ES6. Composition is favored over inheritance by many developers, because inheritance forces you to build a taxonomy of objects early on in a project, making your code inflexible for changes later on. Favor readability: It's not because a machine can read your code that another human can. Particularly when working with multiple people on a project, always favor readability over conciseness. There's no point in having concise code if people don't understand it. There are many ways to make your code more readable. Two examples are placing common numbers into well-named constants (e.g. const CACHE_TIME = 200;) and creating long names instead of shorter ones (e.g. canAccess, which doesn't tell as much). Practice consistency: This is arguably the overarching principle of all clean code principles. If you decide to do something a certain way, stick to it throughout the entire project. If you have no choice but to move away from your original choice, explain why in the comments. Of course, this is by no means a comprehensive list. There's so much more to clean code. In fact, if you want an excellent book on clean code, we recommend The Art of Readable Code by D. Boswell and T. Foucher. Want more? Read about programming best practices to improve the way you write code.

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The Columbia Documentary History of Race and Ethnicity in America All historians would agree that America is a nation of nations. But what does that mean in terms of the issues that have moved and shaped us as a people? Contemporary concerns such as bilingualism, incorporation/assimilation, dual identity, ethnic politics, quotas and affirmative action, residential segregation, and the volume of immigration resonate with a past that has confronted variations of these modern issues. The Columbia Documentary History of Race and Ethnicity in America, written and compiled by a highly respected team of American historians under the editorship of Ronald Bayor, illuminates the myriad ways in which immigration, racial, and ethnic histories have shaped the contours of contemporary American society. This invaluable resource documents all eras of the American past, including black--white interactions and the broad spectrum of American attitudes and reactions concerning Native Americans, Irish Catholics, Mexican Americans, Jewish Americans, and other groups. Each of the eight chronological chapters contains a survey essay, an annotated bibliography, and 20 to 30 related public and private primary source documents, including manifestos, speeches, court cases, letters, memoirs, and much more. From the 1655 petition of Jewish merchants regarding the admission of Jews to the New Netherlands colony to an interview with a Chinese American worker regarding a 1938 strike in San Francisco, documents are drawn from a variety of sources and allow students and others direct access to our past. ? Powhatan to John Smith, 1609 ? Thomas Jefferson -- "Notes on the State of Virginia" ? Petition of the Trustees of Congregation Shearith Israel, 1811 ? Bessie Conway or, The Irish Girl in America ? German Society in Chicago, Annual Report, 1857--1858. ? "Mark Twain's Salutation to the Century" ? W. E. B. DuBois, "Of Our Spiritual Strivings" ? NAACP on Black Schoolteachers'Fight for Equal Pay ? Malcom X speech, 1964 ? Hewy Newton interview and Black Panther Party platform ? Preamble -- La Raza Unida Party ? Lee lacocca speech to Ethnic Heritage Council of the Pacific Northwest, 1984 ? Native American Graves and Repatriation Act, 1990 ? L.A. riot -- from the Los Angeles Times, May 3, 15, 1992; Nov. 16, 19, 1992 ? Asian American Political Alliance ? President Clinton's Commission on Race, Town Meeting, 1997 ? Louis Farrakhan -- "The Vision for the Million Man March" What people are saying - Write a review The Columbia documentary history of race and ethnicity in AmericaUser Review - Not Available - Book Verdict Bayor (history, Georgia Tech) has compiled a massive collection of primary-source documents dealing with "the other" in America, with a focus on hyphenated groups like African, Native, Asian, and ... Read full review

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Canada’s governments depend on geoscience to inform policy, manage the country’s landmass and develop its natural resources responsibly. The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) is the national organization for geoscientific information and research. Our work supports exploration and decision-making in the mining and energy sectors as well as national sovereignty, hazards risk management and more. If you work in any of these areas, access the data and resources you need to make informed investments and land-use decisions. We can help you respond to the growing demand for sustainably and responsibly extracted lower-carbon and renewable energy resources. Use our data to make evidence-based decisions about land use and environmentally sound energy resource development. We monitor climate change’s effects on Canada’s permafrost, glaciers and sea levels. Use our tools to inform adaptation strategies for coastal infrastructure and communities, permafrost regions, and transportation routes and northern resource development. Learn about space weather, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes and landslides, and their related risks. Use our information to guide land-use decisions, develop emergency plans and inform the location and design of new structures. Groundwater provides water to a third of all Canadians and 80% of the rural population, but it’s under threat in some regions. We assess the main regional aquifers in Canada, and you can use our data to support your groundwater-related decisions. Canada has the world’s longest coastline. We research its offshore landmass, evaluate natural resource potential and assess natural hazards. Access data about the geological composition, environmental sensitivity and seismic activity in these areas. Our research above the 55th parallel can help you assess the potential of geological and mineral resources, conduct environmental assessments and make land-use decisions. Do you need to identify areas for mineral exploration and improve the exploration process, or need a grant to support your research in this area? Learn about our geological models and knowledge, as well as leading-edge tools and methods. If you work in mineral exploration, land use or infrastructure management, or other fields that require knowledge about Canada’s geology, access tools and data to help you in your work. Access geoscientific maps by topic within the GEOSCAN database and Canada’s Open Government Platform. Access geoscientific records by topic or search by keyword, author, region and other categories. Find reports, technical notes, published articles, presentations, posters and more. - Date modified:

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As parents, we all know the importance of developing a daily routine for your child. When children have a consistent and daily routine, they thrive. They are able to express themselves within an established set of boundaries that gives them some stability. Also, having set times for sleeping, waking and eating gives a child various anchor points for the day. But how can parents create an effective routine for their child? Here are some simple ways to get started. - Have your own routine: Before setting a routine for your child, ensure that you have your own routine. Be consistent and firm about it. If dinner time is at 8 PM, then ensure that this is followed every day. Children learn by imitating the adults around them, so when you follow a routine, your children will naturally adapt to it too. - Help your child with visuals: Young children do not yet know how to read the time, and telling them that it is 8 PM doesn’t mean anything to them. You can use a simple set of visuals to tell your child what to do at each time. In our schools, we have a routine clock that look like this. You can also make your own. Easy, isn’t it? - Rituals: Rituals (a sequence of activities) are followed for a reason. They are predictable, give comfort, and finally the child ends up looking forward to it! Create small rituals around different times of the day to children get excited to do the ritual. For example: Wake up – Wash your face – Brush your teeth – eat breakfast. Do NOT break a ritual, it can create anxiety for small children. - Meal times: Meal times can sometimes get extremely tiring for parents. To ease the stress around meal times, ensure a ritual around meal times. Have a special place set for your child, let them have a special plate and spoon, sing a little rhyme. You can even have a place card telling you child where to sit and eat! - Music: We’ve already written about Ashwini teacher from Kamothe, who uses music very effectively in her school. Music makes all rituals fun and exciting. Just give each ritual a twist by singing along and see how children respond. In our schools, we have a song for every activity. And it works, every time. As your child grows up, you’ll find that they will settle into their own routines, and even create small rituals of their own. Watch and observe to see how your child feels most comfortable, and ensure that both you and your child get enough time for rest and play as well!

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Photo courtesy of Rawpixels.com on Pexels Some people subscribe to the idea that anxiety is a genetic problem, and in some situations, this can certainly be the case. However, the reality is that anxiety is a much more complex issue that cannot be chalked up to simply one single cause. Anxiety can emerge as a result of life situations, experiences, and beliefs, and while it’s certainly true that genetics may influence a person’s development of anxiety, it is far from the only cause. This article will touch on how genetics and other factors can influence anxiety. What Causes Anxiety? There are a number of things that can cause anxiety, and some things that can make a person more likely to develop an anxiety disorder at some point during their lives. Some of the most common include: - Genetics. A complicated issue, genetics may or may not make someone directly develop an anxiety disorder. Instead, they may make someone more susceptible to the effects of certain situations or traumatic experiences that could trigger latent anxiety. - Brain chemistry. A number of things can influence a person’s brain chemistry, ranging from addictions to sex, gambling, or drugs, head injuries, or other issues. - Traumatic life experiences can make a person develop anxieties, particularly in the case of PTSD where they become anxious around situations that remind them of their - Physical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, can also contribute to the development of - Nutritional deficiencies can lead to the development of anxiety, particularly for people who are deficient in magnesium or the B vitamins - A person’s upbringing. Someone who is raised in an environment where they are unloved may develop certain anxieties, whereas people who are raised in environments where they are not shown how to properly socialize may develop social anxiety. It’s important to note that there are many different types of anxiety, and certain triggers may lead to certain forms of anxiety. For example, a person may develop social anxiety if they experience a traumatic situation at the hands of one of their peers during early life. Genetics and Anxiety What is interesting about the link between genetics and anxiety is the fact that a solid conclusion cannot yet be drawn. It is understood that there is a link between genetics and anxiety, but more research is required to be certain of that link. What is certain is that there are a number of things that can contribute to anxiety disorders, most of which fall outside the category of genetics. Environmental influences, social factors, a person’s upbringing, and their physical or mental health can all contribute to anxiety. However, one should note that having a family history of anxiety may make someone more likely to develop anxiety disorders as a result of any of these conditions. Whether or not anxiety is an issue that can be caused directly by genetics is yet to be understood.

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No one’s quite certain what causes Meniere’s disease. But it’s difficult to overlook its effects. Ringing in the ears, dizziness, vertigo, and hearing loss are all common symptoms of this condition. Symptoms of Meniere’s disease seem to stem from a buildup of fluid in the inner ear, but scientists aren’t really sure what causes that accumulation to begin with. So here’s the question: how can you deal with something that doesn’t seem to have an identifiable cause? The answer is, well, complicated. What exactly is Meniere’s disease? There’s a chronic affliction that affects the inner ear and it’s known as Meniere’s disease. For many people, Meniere’s disease is progressive, meaning symptoms will get worse as time passes. Here are some of those symptoms: Unpredictable bouts of vertigo: Sadly, when these bouts of vertigo will occur and how long they will last can’t be predicted. Tinnitus: It’s relatively common for individuals with Meniere’s disease to experience ringing in the ears or tinnitus, which can range from mild to severe. Fullness in the ear: This is experienced as a feeling of pressure in your ears and is medically called aural fullness. Hearing loss: Meniere’s disease can lead to hearing loss over time. It’s critical that you get the proper diagnosis if you’re noticing these symptoms. Symptoms of Meniere’s disease can appear and disappear for many individuals. But as the disease advances, the symptoms will most likely become more consistent. Treatment for Menier’s disease Meniere’s disease is a progressive and persistent condition for which there is no known cure. But there are a few ways to manage the symptoms. Some of the most prevalent treatments include the following: - Diuretic: A diuretic is another medication option that may be prescribed by your physician. The concept here is that the pressure in the inner ear can be minimized by reducing retention of fluid. This is a long-term medication that you’d take as opposed to one to reduce acute symptoms. - Medications: Anti-nausea and anti-dizziness medications can be prescribed by your doctor in some instances. This can help when those particular symptoms occur. So, when a bout of dizziness happens, medication for motion sickness can help relieve that dizziness. - Positive pressure therapy: There’s a non-invasive technique used when Meniere’s is particularly hard to treat. It’s known as positive pressure therapy. This therapy entails subjecting the inner ear to positive pressure in order to limit fluid buildup. Peer review has not, as of yet, confirmed the long-term benefits of this approach but it does seem encouraging. - Rehabilitation: There are rehabilitation and physical therapy techniques that can help you preserve balance when Meniere’s disease is flaring up. This approach may be a practical approach if you’re experiencing frequent dizziness or vertigo. - Surgery: Occasionally, Meniere’s disease can be addressed with surgery. Typically, however, only the vertigo side of the disease is affected by this surgery. It won’t affect the other symptoms. - Steroid shots: Injections of specific types of steroids can temporarily help alleviate some Meniere’s symptoms, particularly when it comes to vertigo. - Hearing aid: It might be time to try hearing aids if Meniere’s disease is progressing to the point where your ability to hear is failing. The advancement of your hearing loss won’t necessarily be slowed down by hearing aids. But it can benefit your mental health by keeping you socially active. Hearing aids can also help you manage the symptoms of tinnitus in a number of ways. Get the best treatment for you If you suspect you have Meniere’s disease, you should get evaluated. The advancement of Meniere’s disease may be slowed down by these treatments. More frequently, however, they reduce the effect that Meniere’s will have on your daily life.

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30 years of global insights from the free GDELT platform Imagine a database that holds information on all world events and historic records reported in the global news media over the last 30 years, along with the narratives, emotions, and images that defined those events. What you’re envisioning is the real-life GDELT project. GDELT—which stands for Global Database of Events Language and Tone—is a free, open data platform that applies machine learning to gather news from all over the world and curate what GDELT creator Kalev Leetaru calls “a catalogue of society.” “Today, we have sensors and satellites blanketing the earth, we know what the weather is, when an earthquake happens, and how many people are affected,” Leetaru said. “We have so much data about the natural Earth, but when it comes to the human Earth, to cataloging human ‘earthquakes’ like mass protests or coups, we were in the stone ages. Before GDELT we never had a database that could give you a list of all the protests happening right now around the world. That’s the goal of GDELT—to let you see the human world just as well as you can the natural world, letting you map global protests as easily as you can map global earthquakes.” Leetaru began working with supercomputing and web mining in 1995 when he launched his first Internet startup. In 2013, he developed GDELT, and it has been his main focus ever since. Leetaru is also a senior fellow with George Washington University’s Center for Cyber & Homeland Security. GDELT has evolved beyond its original scope, and now collects broadcast, print, and web news and images from around the world—updating every 15 minutes. Several different data sets bring together more than 400 million event records in 300 categories, more than a trillion emotional measures, two billion mentions of location, and more than 175 million images covering world events from 1979 to present. GDELT captures the emotion and tone of the articles and images. The project brings together a number of algorithms to detect the author’s emotion in an article, ranging from traditional positive/negative to more complex emotions such as anxiety and motivation. The database also distinguishes the emotion of an image—for example, whether it is violent or if the people in the image are looking away in horror. GDELT identifies and disambiguates every location mentioned in each article, which can be used to map the geography of specific topics such as wildlife crime or civil unrest. “Wildlife crimes are fragmented and groups are doing their own thing with little communication, never being able to put it all together to see the big picture,” Leetaru said. “Being able to use GDELT and see the patterns and what’s happening around the world puts the dots on the map and the context behind it in order to see where poachers will strike next. That’s the power of GDELT.” GDELT is available for anyone to use for free. The GDELT cloud-based analysis website offers a number of built-in visualizations users can leverage to explore the data. Users can also download the raw files on the GDELT website or explore any of the GDELT data sets via Google BigQuery. Photo Credit: GDELT The paper is the result of a review of the current state of systems and missions by several USGIF working groups, in an unprecedented cross-working group collaboration. New White House strategy outlines ways to protect the nation's competitive edge in world-changing emerging technologies

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Search Buddhist Channel Emory's Carlos Museum finds its center with 'Mandala: Sacred Circle in Tibetan Buddhism' by Jon Ciliberto, clatl.com, Mar 14, 2012 Atlanta, GA (USA) -- Emory University's Michael C. Carlos Museum, an often-overlooked gem for local art and culture, is exhibiting Mandala: Sacred Circle in Tibetan Buddhism through April 15. Mandala brings to Atlanta many rare and beautiful Buddhist thangkas, or paintings, along with other objects intended for initiation and meditation. << Kimbell Art Museum Four Mandalas of the Vajravali Series, c. 1429—56, Central Tibet, Tsang (Ngor Monastery), Sakya order, Thangka, gouache on cotton, KKimbell Art Museumimbell Art Museum Mandalas are a kind of technology for meditation, meant to work with personal practice to achieve spiritual insight and liberation. The most common mandalas in Tibetan Buddhist art place a deity at the center of a palace filled with other deities and iconography. This palace is an individual and a cosmological map that lines up with a highly proscribed set of meditational practices so that an individual may see him or herself as the central deity. In fact, Buddhist philosophy describes individual and deity as one and the same. Mandalas act as visual tools for meditators. The basics of mandala practice are fairly easy to imagine - think about a golfer on the green visualizing Arnold Palmer putting in order to perfect his own stroke. A mandala from Dallas' Kimbell Museum is so meticulously painted that even on closest inspection it’s difficult to discern irregularities; It looks as thought it was printed using modern technology, rather than being created by hand 600 years ago. The exhibit features rare forms of the mandala: The 18th-century Mahakala (Tibet’s protector diety) is unusual for its large central triangle and absence of central deity. Instead, objects symbolic of deities and practice are present, placed with unusual, lotus-shaped palaces. The mandala’s minimalistic design includes some gruesome imagery: flayed human skin, skulls, and intestines, all designed to remind the viewer how transient and unsustainable human life is. A mandala beautifully decorated with flowers also elides deities, showing instead empty thrones to connote the “thus gone” aspect of the historical Buddha Shakyamuni and his 16 Arhats (acolytes). Tucked away amid the blossoms are wish-fulfilling jewels and ducks in ponds, while deer, traditional symbols for Shakyamuni adorn the four gates. In addition to painted mandalas, the exhibition includes cosmological paintings, sculptures, and a fantastic, one-of-a-kind three-dimensional wooden carved model of the Guhyasamaja Mandala. In association with this exhibition, Oglethorpe's Museum of Art has another kind of mandala on display: images created by patients of the psychoanalyst C.G. Jung. Jung used art as therapy, instructing his patients to create images as a means of expressing the conscious and unconscious, and clarifying mental obstacles. Mandala: Sacred Circle in Tibetan Buddhism runs through April 15 at Emory's the Carlos Museum. The Sacred Round: Mandalas by the Patients of C.G. Jung runs through May 6 at Oglethorpe.

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In 1987 the Choir Performed at the Historical Independence Hall In 1987 the Mormon Tabernacle Choir performed at the Constitution's bicentennial celebration at Independence Hall in Philadelphia. Independence Hall is a building older than the United States of America. Originally constructed between 1732 and 1756, it first served as the State House of the Province of Pennsylvania and later provided the meeting place for the Second Continental Congress. Each room in the building holds a history of freedom in the United States, and due to its extensive restoration, visitors today can step into the buckled shoes of America’s forefathers by viewing the rooms in a state close to their original style and design. The First Floor The Assembly Room was the meeting place for the Second Continental Congress, where delegates from the Thirteen Colonies gathered and eventually approved the Declaration of Independence on July 4th, 1776. Still inside the room are Washington’s chair that he used during the Constitutional Convention, known as the “Rising Sun Chair,” and the inkstand used by delegates to sign both the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. The Supreme Court Room provided space for another important aspect of American history, the judicial system. This is where prisoners would stand in the dock throughout their criminal proceedings, which gave rise to the expression “stand trial,” a phrase well known to anyone who watches Law and Order. The staircase leads to the second floor and to the tower, which originally housed the Liberty Bell. Now, the Centennial Bell fills the space. This bell was commissioned for the 1876th Centennial, which marked the 100-year anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. The Second Floor The Second floor includes the Governor’s Council Chamber, which recalls the days of when the Provincial Council used the building, a legislative body first orchestrated by William Penn in 1682. Later, in the 1850’s, the U.S. District Court used the room to conduct fugitive slave trials. Today, displayed on the table, visitors can see the surveyor’s tool that Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon used to determine the dividing line between Pennsylvania and Maryland. The Long Gallery was the largest room in the Province of Philadelphia, and so was the natural place to hold balls, suppers, or other important events where attendance was high. In 1777, when British military occupied the Hall during the Revolutionary War, the Gallery became a hospital ward for wounded American prisoners of war. The Committee of the Assembly Chamber, positioned directly above the Assembly Room, was used both for meetings, and for the storage of military goods. Independence Hall is a building with history in its very floorboards and walls. It is the site of American freedom making its first appearance, through the Declaration of Independence, and the Constitution. Through its remarkable restoration, visitors today can see and examine the place where the history of the United States of America first began. Patriotic hymns hold a special place in the history of the Choir. Ronald Reagan was the first to refer to the Choir as “America’s Choir.” He went on to say, “No one sings the anthems of America quite like the Mormon Tabernacle Choir.” In 2003 the Choir released Spirit of America, an album full of songs like "America the Beautiful", "God Bless America", "The Star-Spangles Banner", and other songs of patriotism.

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